奏: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 奏美
- Kanade
- Kanami
- Soumi
- Takami
- 奏夢
- Ayu
- Kanamu
- Kaname
- Soumu
- Nayume
- 奏心
- Kako
- Kanako
- Kanami
- Kanon
- 陽奏
- Haruka
- Hikana
- Hinari
- Hiroka
- 奏効率
- objective response rate
- overall response rate
- ORR
- 吹奏楽曲
- The work of wind-instrument music
- Concert band pieces
- 太政官奏
- Daijokan-so (Daijokan's Report to the Emperor)
- 奏谷ひろみ
- Kanaya Hiromi (h) (1976.8.14-)
- ジャズ演奏家
- jazz musician
- jazzman
- - 奏任官。
- It was a post appointed by the Prime Minister.
- フルート奏者
- flutist
- Flautist
- Flautists
- 演奏形態・服装
- Performance Structures and Dress
- 表面 雅楽演奏
- Face gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) performance
- (5)取次・奏者
- (5) Toritsugi (an attendant who serves Shogun by informing of a visitor and convey the message), Sosha (a person in charge of informing a shogun or daimyo of the name of visitors)
- 室町将軍の武家執奏
- Bukeshisso of the Muromachi Shogun
- - 近衛文麿を奏薦
- - recommended Fumimaro KONOE.
- - 岡田啓介を奏薦
- - recommended Keisuke OKADA.
- - 東條英機を奏薦
- - recommended Hideki TOJO.
- - 小磯国昭を奏薦
- - recommended Kuniaki KOISO.
- また三曲合奏のこと。
- Sankyoku can also indicate the sankyoku gasso (sankyoku ensemble).
- - 鈴木貫太郎を奏薦
- - recommended Kantaro SUZUKI.
- 基賢は議奏を務めた。
- Motokata served as imperial secretary Giso to the emperor.
- 津軽民謡の伴奏に使用。
- It is used to play accompaniment to Tsugaru Minyo (a traditional folk song).
- これが天文密奏である。
- This was Tenmon misso.
- 放送局での君が代の演奏
- Performance of Kimigayo on broadcasting stations
- 形状・演奏方法によるもの
- Classification by Shape and Way of Performing
- 役職としての「武家執奏」
- Bukeshisso' as a government post
- ワキ いかに奏聞申し候。
- Waki: It is my honor to be allowed to make a proposal to Your Majesty.
- 朝鮮民謡の主題による変奏曲
- Variations with a theme of Korean Folk Song
- 管絃にも舞楽にも奏される。
- It is played in both Kangen music (wind and string instruments) and bugaku (traditional Japanese court music accompanied by dancing).
- ハワイ在住のウクレレ奏者。
- An ukulele player living in Hawaii.
- 更に議奏になるものも出た。
- Some member of the Hiramatsu family was appointed to a position of Giso (in charge of conveying the congress decisions to the emperor).
- 大正琴を演奏する際に用いる。
- Giko is used to play taishogoto (Japanese harp with three to five strings).
- ギターを演奏する際に用いる。
- Picks are used to play guitar.
- 天文奏(てんもんそう)とも。
- It is also referred to as Tenmon so.
- 鼻に当てて、鼻息で演奏する笛。
- Fue which are placed at the nose and played by breathing out air from the nose.
- ついで笛と篳篥が同音に奏する。
- Next, the fue flute and hichiriki instrument players play in unison.
- 京都フィルハーモニー室内合奏団
- Kyoto Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra
- 田中上奏文(田中メモランダム)
- Tanaka memorial to the Emperor (Tanaka memorandum)
- 文屋綿麻呂蝦夷征伐終了を奏上。
- FUNYA no Watamaro submitted his opinion to the Emperor that the subjection of the Emishi/Ezo (northerners and northeasterners) should be discontinued.
- 演奏の際に掛声を掛けるのが特徴。
- It is characterized by a call during the performance.
- 1月4日 奏事始(そうじはじめ)
- January 4: Sojihajime (a ceremony in which the chief ritualist reports on rituals at Ise-jingu Shrine and the Court rituals to the Emperor)
- 下座(お囃子)出囃子を演奏する人。
- Geza (ohayashi): The person who plays debayashi
- 作られた翌年の黄菊の宴に奏された。
- It was performed at Ogiku no en (feast of Yellow Chrysanthemum) the year after it was composed.
- 次期首相奏薦に伴う重臣会議の出席者
- The List of Attendees for the Senior Statesmen's Conferences for Recommending the Next Prime Ministers to the Emperor
- 老夫婦は、琵琶と琴で合奏を始める。
- The elderly couple began to play biwa and koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) in concert.
- 仁平元年(1151年)に完成奏覧。
- In 1151 the collection was completed and shown to the Imperial Palace.
- 奏法、譜としては能楽囃子と大差ない。
- Its playing style and score are as practically equal as that of Nohgaku theatre musical accompaniment.
- また管楽器や打楽器による伴奏がつく。
- This performance is accompanied with wind instruments and percussion instruments.
- これらの楽器の合奏を三曲合奏という。
- An ensemble of the instruments is called sankyoku gasso.
- 変奏曲のような展開をとるものが多い。
- Many of them take a form like a variation.
- 平家物語をかたるときの伴奏に用いる。
- It is used as an accompaniment to the chanting of Heike Monogatari (The tale of the Heike).
- 演奏時間はおよそ一分半から三分程度。
- The performance time is from about one and half minute to about three minutes.
- 外交文書などを発行する奏者を勤めた。
- He held the position of sosha (an official) in charge of issuing diplomatic documents and so on.
- 笛の主奏による比較的簡略な働事である。
- This is a relatively simplified hataraki-goto accompanied mainly by fue.
- チューブラーベルを演奏する際に用いる。
- Hammers are used to play tubular bells.
- 上方舞の世界でも好んで伴奏に舞われる。
- Kamigata uta has also been in favor with the world of Kamigata mai as the dance accompaniment.
- 「我家」を奏し、北廊の戸から退出する。
- They then performed 'Ware Ie' (My House, the title of a saibara song), and exited from the end of the northern corridor of Seiryoden.
- また楽箏と笙の合奏のようにも聴こえる。
- It sounds like an ensemble of gakuso and sho.
- 篳篥(ひちりき)、竜笛、笙で伴奏する。
- Accompanied by hichiriki (Japanese shawm), ryuteki flute, and sho.
- 本来は雅楽の演奏についての言葉である。
- Johakyu is a word relating to the performance of gagaku.
- 左大臣以下の非違を摘発し、奏聞できた。
- It had the right to detect the wrong doings of Sadaijin (Minister of the left) and under.
- 官符・官奏の場合は、事書まで記載する。
- The Kanpu and Kanso extracts also included a condensed version of the whole text.
- 「侍従ハ……奏任トス側近ノ事ヲ分掌ス」
- 'Chamberlains should be appointed with the Emperor's approval, and they should work together to address the Emperor's personal or private affairs.'
- 嘉永1年(1848年)に奏者番になる。
- He became a sojaban in 1848.
- 実陰と3代武者小路公野は議奏を務めた。
- Sanekage and Kinno MUSHANOKOJI the third served as a Giso (a position conveying what the congress decides to the emperor).
- 江戸時代を通じて三曲合奏が盛んであった。
- These three instruments were played together frequently throughout the Edo period.
- 「三曲」と「三曲合奏」の前後関係は不明。
- It is not clear which came first, 'sankyoku' or 'sankyoku gasso.'
- また前弾き (前奏部) を伴う曲もある。
- And some have a prelude part.
- 授位校勲(授位・校勲の天皇への奏上手続)
- This Article 'Jui-kokun' (bestowal of court ranks and conferment of orders) was made to describe procedures to submit a report to the Emperor on bestowal of court ranks and conferment of orders.
- 其後月宮殿にて舞楽を奏せられうずるにて候
- And host a party of dance and music at Gekkyu-den Palace (the Moon Palace) afterwards.
- 演歌の伴奏の一員として参加することも多い。
- It is also played as a part of the accompaniment to Enka (Japanese ballads).
- 歌の伴奏は和琴だけであり、すががきを弾く。
- The singing is accompanied only by the wagon koto, and Sugagaki (a way of playing the koto) is used for accompaniment.
- 舞楽を奏するときは、右4人舞ないし6人舞。
- When Azuma-asobi is performed as court music and dance, it is performed as an uho yonin-mai (which literally means 'four-dancer performance at the right-hand side,' representing a Japanese court dance and music style with four performers) or a rokunin-mai (six-dancer performance).
- 伴奏する内容に合わせて幾つかの種類がある。
- There are several kinds of shamisen used to play accompaniment to different genres of music.
- もっぱらはじいて演奏される撥弦楽器である。
- It is a plucked string instrument.
- 知奏事公派、監務公派、良肅公派に分かれる。
- They are separated into Chisoji koha group, Kanmu koha group and Ryoshuku koha group.
- - 関白や武家伝奏などの申渡違背者への罰則
- Punitive provisions for those who disobedient to the orders from the chief adviser to the emperor or the Imperial officials in charge of communication between the bakufu and the court
- 安永8年(1779年)に奏者番に就任する。
- In 1779, he assumed the position of sojaban.
- 上記を伴奏に舞う歌舞伎舞踊・日本舞踊の演目。
- The number of Kabuki Buyo (Kabuki Dance) and classical Japanese dance accompanied by the song above.
- 鍵盤打楽器、ティンパニを演奏する際に用いる。
- Mallets are used to play mallet percussion instruments and tympani.
- 女性奏者に人気が出、娘琵琶としても流行した。
- Women biwa players gained in popularity and were touted as 'musume biwa,' namely maiden biwa.
- 爪を用い、立って演奏する「新内流し」が有名。
- It is famous for 'Shinnai nagashi' (Shinnai theatrical music played by a strolling musician) in which the musician plucks the strings with the fingernails and performs standing up.
- 享保17年(1732年)直定は奏者番に就任。
- In 1732, Naosada assumed sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies.)
- それぞれの伝奏を通じて武家執奏に伝えられる。
- And the messages were conveyed to the bukeshisso through each tenso (job to relay messages of the court's people to the emperor).
- 幕末の議奏・権中納言正二位 柳原光愛の次女。
- Ms. Naruko YANAGIHARA was the second daughter of Mitsunaru YANAGIWARA, who was a giso (a position conveying what the congress decides to the emperor) at the end of Edo Period; and his title was Gon Chunagon, Deputy Middle Counselor, Senior Second Court Rank.
- 座着き:笛の前奏によって役者が舞台に登場する。
- Zatsuki (an entrance on the stage): The actors come onstage with a flute prelude.
- 民謡や民舞の伴奏には一般に三味線が用いられる。
- Shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo) are generally used as an accompaniment for folk songs and folk dances.
- 所作人が進んで軾に着き庭燎を奏して本方に着く。
- The player goes on to the shoku, plays Niwabi, and sits on the seat of the motokata.
- 筝や三線などを演奏する際指先に装着して用いる。
- Players of sanshin (Okinawan traditional three-stringed instrument) and so (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) put tsume on their fingertips to play the musical instruments.
- 三味線や琵琶(撥弦楽器)を演奏する際に用いる。
- Bachi (plectrum) is used to play shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo) or biwa (Japanese lute) (plucked string instruments).
- 撥ではなく、へら状の義甲(ピック)で弾奏する。
- They are played with a spatular pick, not with a plectrum.
- 現代音楽に使用され、右3指義爪奏法などがある。
- It is used in modern music and is played with a pick and three fingers of the right hand (thumb, index and middle finger).
- また、集落内に舞台を作り演奏される場合もある。
- Also, in some cases performances take place on a stage that is built in the local community.
- 柳原光愛は中納言、議奏となり、国事に奔走した。
- Mitsunaru YANAGIWARA became a chunagon (vice-councilor of state) and a giso, and he was active in affairs of state.
- 幕末の従一位中納言六条有容は議奏に任じられた。
- At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, Juichii-Chunagon (associate chief of the councilor of state at junior first rank) Ariosa ROKUJO served as Giso (officer conveying what the congress decides to the emperor).
- 安政5年(1858年)奏者番兼寺社奉行に就任。
- He assumed the position of sojaban and jisha-bugyo in 1858.
- 同年奏者番に就任し、翌年には寺社奉行を兼ねる。
- He assumed the position of sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies) in the same year and also served as jisha-bugyo in the following year.
- 弦楽器の調弦や、無伴奏の合唱の歌い出しに用いる。
- They are used for the tuning of stringed instruments or the start of chorus without accompaniment.
- 一気に、派手な地車囃子の演奏が広まったのである。
- The showy performance of danjiri-bayashi was spread at a stroke.
- 太夫1名と三味線1名で演奏されるのが基本である。
- Gidayu is generally performed by a tayu (a performer) and accompanied by a shamisen (three-string Japanese banjo) player.
- 伴奏は、篠笛と竹でできたささらという楽器である。
- The dance is accompanied with 'shino-bue' (the Japanese bamboo flute) and 'sasara' (the Japanese bamboo percussion instrument).
- スネアドラム、ドラムセットを演奏する際に用いる。
- Drum sticks are used to play snare drums and drum sets.
- 主に清代の民間楽曲(清楽)を他の楽器と合奏する。
- It was mainly played with folk music (Qing-era Chinese music) in the Qing Dynasty.
- 演奏者として歌師・舞師・笛師・楽師が設置された。
- Players were divided into groups of utanoshi (poet), mainoshi (dancer), fuenoshi (flute player) and gakushi (musician).
- 宗能の子大納言藤原宗家は議奏公卿の1人であった。
- Muneyoshi's son, Dainagon FUJIWARA no Muneie, was a member of the Giso kugyo (Noble Council).
- 最低でも十名以上、通常は二十数名で斉唱・合奏する。
- At least ten or more persons, but ordinarily 20 or more, would sing in unison and play the instruments required for the song.
- その後、地車囃子の演奏は、少しずつ広まっていった。
- After that, the performance of danjiri-bayashi has got popular gradually.
- 相撲節会の際に奏されたが、舞は廃絶して現存しない。
- It was played at Sumahi no sechie (sumo bouts at the court), and dancing was abolished.
- 山車、屋台などが出る場合はそこに乗り込み演奏する。
- When festival float and carts appear, these are in some cases ridden and performed upon.
- 「三曲」のひとつであり、三曲合奏の構成楽器の一つ。
- Kokyu is one of 'Sangyoku,' or one of the instruments that are used for Sangyoku three instrument ensemble.
- 飛駅式〔上式〕(地方官が上奏を行う際の副状の書式)
- This Article 'Hieki-shiki (Kami-shiki)' was put here to specify documentary forms of accompanying letters written by local officers and submitted to their superiors in Kyoto.
- 勅任官は禁中で、奏任官以下は各官省で酺宴を賜った。
- Imperial appointees and the officers originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister or lower rank officers joined parties in kinchu (the Imperial Court) and each ministry, respectively.
- つまり、「地」とは、曳行を模した演奏のことである。
- In fact, 'Ji' is the performance that represents the drawing danjiri.
- 翌年大番頭になり、その後奏者番、若年寄を歴任する。
- He became the Oban gashira in the following year and then served as sojaban and wakadoshiyori.
- 性格はおのおの中之舞・楽に準じ、太鼓入りで奏される。
- Their features correspond to those of Chu no mai and Raku, respectively, and they are danced with drums as accompaniment.
- 助六が花道から出る時の伴奏音楽を「出端の唄」という。
- An accompaniment for Sukeroku entering onto the hanamichi is called 'Deha no Uta.'
- またこれら異種の琵琶同士が合奏されることはまずない。
- These different kinds of biwa are never played together.
- 本曲ではあるが、段ものは他楽器との合奏が行なわれる。
- Although it is honkyoku, danmono is played with other instruments.
- 不定期に、薪能、第九演奏会などが開催されることもある
- Events such as Takigi-noh (Noh theater performed at night by a fire) and concerts of Ninth Symphony are held on an irregular base.
- これは、ハイドンの協奏曲としては世界初の録音である。
- This was the first recording of the Haydn concerto in the world.
- 決定は蔵人を通して天皇と摂政または関白に奏聞された。
- The Jin no Sadame made use of Kurodo (Chamberlains) to transmit its decisions to the Emperor and his Sessho (Regent) or Kanpaku (Chief Adviser).
- 西洋音階の演奏に便利な小穴を追加している製作者もある。
- Some manufacturers add more small holes in shino-bue to make it convenient when played using the Western scale.
- しかし、5段すべてを神楽地で演奏する「総神楽」もある。
- However, there also exist 'So-kagura' (Comprehensive kagura) in which all five sections are played in a kagura tune.
- バスドラム、銅鑼、トライアングルを演奏する際に用いる。
- Beaters are used to play bass drums, dora, and triangles.
- 室町時代に入ると、暦博士が天文密奏を行う例も見られた。
- In the Muromachi era, reki hakase occasionally carried out tenmon misso (reporting unusual astronomical phenomena to the emperor).
- 州浜・文台・奏状・奏楽・賜禄・紫檀の箱などが見られた。
- In the contest, there could be seen 'a suhama stand' (a decorative stand shaped like a sandy beach), 'bundai' (a writing desk), 'sojo' (documents reported to the Emperor), 'shiroku' (prizes from the Emperor), a box of 'shitan' (rosewood), and other objects.
- 武家執奏は施行状を発給して将軍に伝達する(公家施行)。
- The bukeshisso issued a shigyojo (letter conveying orders from the head to the subjects) and conveyed it to the Shogun (kuge shigyo).
- そのため、解がほぼそのまま天皇に奏上されることとなる。
- Therefore, contents of each Ge document remained almost unchanged from original contents reported to Daijokan.
- 一般的に、竹管は音色と演奏感に優れるが調律が安定しない。
- In general, bamboo tubes produce an excellent sound and performance, but tuning is not stable.
- そこに、砧を打つ音がきこえてくる(舞台では鼓での演奏)。
- The sound of pounding a kinuta is then heard (tsuzumi performance on the stage).
- ついで篳篥が進んで軾に着き、庭燎を奏して末方の座に着く。
- Subsequently, a player with a hichiriki instrument (short recorder) moves onto the shoku, plays Niwabi and takes his place on the seat of the suekata.
- また通常、楽曲の最初の部分は龍笛のソロ演奏となっている。
- In addition, the first part of a composition is usually a Ryuteki flute solo.
- また、地域によっては奏者が少年少女に限られる場合もある。
- Also, depending on the region, performers are in some cases limited to being young boys and girls.
- そのほか、各地の民俗芸能や一部の宗教において演奏される。
- In addition, it is also played for folk entertainment in various areas, and in some religions.
- 安政5年(1858年)沼津藩を相続し、同年奏者番となる。
- He inherited the Numazu Domain in 1858 and became a sojaban in the same year.
- 明楽は男子の斉唱を主体とし、伴奏楽器で歌唱の旋律を支える。
- In Mingaku, the song sung by males in unison constitutes its major portion, with the musical instruments accompanying the song's melody.
- 現在でも新しい曲が作られ、演奏活動や伝承も行なわれている。
- Even today, Sangyoku is played, with new pieces composed for it, and the efforts to hand down the music to subsequent generations are made as well.
- 多くの新曲を作し、明治19年8月に伊豆三島神社で演奏した。
- He wrote many new songs and performed at Izumishima-jinja Temple in August, 1886.
- 長唄・端唄・小唄・上方歌など、三味線の伴奏で歌われる俗曲。
- The ozashiki songs belong to zokkyoku (popular melody) sung to samisen accompaniment, including nagauta (long epic songs), hauta (short love songs), kouta (ballads) and kamigata uta (songs from the Kyoto-Osaka area).
- 器楽曲のほか、「明曲」「清曲」と記される唱曲も演奏された。
- Besides instrumental pieces, chants ('Ming compositions' and 'Qing compositions') were performed.
- たま (バンド)の石川浩司が演奏していた事で知られている。
- It is known that Koji ISHIKAWA in Tama (band) drummed it.
- 替手(かえて)は本手に対して合奏用に作られた対旋律パート。
- Kaete is an accompanying part composed for an ensemble contrary to honte.
- 4本の金属弦を持ち、31個のフレットで半音階を演奏できる。
- It has four metal strings and can produce the chromatic scale with thirty-one frets.
- 兼任する奏者としては、太神楽師や神楽師、邦楽家、神職など。
- Instrumentalists often perform roles in more than one genre as temple or shrine musicians, traditional Japanese music performers or as Shinto priests etc.
- 祭の行事に行列がある場合はそれに加わり歩きながら演奏する。
- For festival events that require participants to stand in lines, performers sometimes play while walking along and blending in.
- 「三曲」とも呼ばれ、地歌及び箏・胡弓・尺八との合奏に使用。
- It is also called 'sankyoku,' and is used for playing music with jiuta, so (koto), kokyu, and shakuhachi (bamboo flute) as an ensemble.
- 神職による修祓、祝詞奏上の後、神前に玉串を捧げて拝礼する。
- After a Shinto priest performs shubatsu (purification ceremony) and chants norito to gods, they present tamagushi (branch of a sacred tree) before the gods and then bow.
- 奏授位記式条(八位(内位のみ)以上の六位以下の位記の書式)
- This Article 'Soju-iki-shikijo' (a statutory law concerning a kind of investiture called 'soju' that was first proposed by ministers and finally approved by the Emperor) was put here to specify documentary forms for bestowing court ranks lower than rokui (the Sixth Rank) but higher than hachii (the Eighth Rank) within the category of 'nai-i.'
- 室町幕府将軍家(足利氏)の執奏によって堂上家に加えられた。
- It was added to toshoke (the hereditary lineage of court nobles allowed to enter the tenjonoma in the palace) upon recommendations by the shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (Ashikaga clan).
- 更に律令制の衰微とともに御暦奏の仕組自体が機能しなくなる。
- The mechanism of the goryakuso itself died out as the ritsuryo system faded.
- 鳴物小鼓は連調することが一般的だが、大鼓は必ず一人で奏する。
- There is always only one otsuzumi player while there are usually at least two kotsuzumi players for kabuki music accompaniment.
- 有名な使用者は、廣瀬陽太(オリンポス16闘神)のほら貝奏者。
- Horagai (conch shell) player Yota HIROSE of Olympos 16 Toshin is among well-known horagai users.
- ついで以上の管弦が寄り合って試みに合奏し、歌人が庭燎を歌う。
- Next, the musicians join together to play in concert for rehearsal, and the singers sing Niwabi.
- しかし、これは近世初頭ゆえに「地車」とセットでの演奏である。
- In the early modern age, however, the theme song was played together with 'danjiri.'
- ついで笛の所作人が進んで軾に着き庭燎を奏して本方の座に着く。
- Next, a fue (Japanese flute) player would go up to the shoku, play the Niwabi and then sit on the seat of the motokata.
- 声楽が主体だが、それにあわせて器楽で伴奏し、舞いも踊られた。
- Singing constituted the major portion of the music, but musical instruments were also played to accompany the songs, and also dances were performed to the music.
- このほか、清楽の演奏を録音したレコードやCDなども若干ある。
- Besides, there exist some record albums and CDs in Japan that contain the performances of Shingaku.
- アコースティック編成のシンプルな演奏が中心のイベントである。
- It's an event featuring simple performances played on acoustic instruments.
- 「ささら」をする人は舞庭の四方に配置され、この楽器を奏する。
- Sasara' performers play at the four corners of the garden stage of the dance.
- 三曲合奏は見た目も美しい為か、錦絵にもしばしば描かれている。
- Sankyoku gasso has been often portrayed in nishikie (colored woodblock print) probably because the visual of sankyoku gasso looks stunning.
- 明治29年、橘は東京へ進出し演奏活動を開始して注目を浴びた。
- In 1896, TACHIBANA went to Tokyo and started performing and won attention.
- もし勝てば幡を挙げて示し、ついで奏楽がおこなわれ、終了する。
- After a flag is waved to show the winner, the music is played; this is the end of the game.
- 三度周旋ののち御前にいたり、祝詞を奏上し、「竹河」を奏する。
- After making three rounds in the forecourt, the dancers came before the emperor, dedicated Norito (Shinto prayer), and performed 'Takekawa' (Bamboo River, the title of a song of 'saibara' [a genre of the Heian period Japanese court music]).
- これらの段は互いに合奏できるようになっている (段合わせ)。
- These dans can be mutually played in an ensemble (danawase, type of ensemble method).
- 翌年、岩倉具視が上奏した憲法大綱領では「天皇」と表記された。
- In Kenpo Daikoryo (literally, The Grand Outline of the Constitution) reported to the throne by Tomomi IWAKURA the next year, the title 'Tenno' was used.
- 翌年奏者番兼寺社奉行となり元治1年(1864年)まで勤める。
- In the following year, he became a sojaban and jisha-bugyo and served until 1864.
- このような宴席音楽でも「お囃子」をつけて演奏される場合がある。
- There are also cases in which ohayashi is played as banquet music.
- 石井眞木 「紫響」(オーケストラと一緒に演奏することも可能。)
- Maki ISHII, 'Shikyo' (Violet Sound) (It may be performed together with an orchestra.)
- 明治以降は、清楽の曲を邦楽器や洋楽器でも演奏するようになった。
- In and after the Meiji period, Shingaku music was performed by Japanese instruments and by Western instruments as well.
- 大獅子では獅子を操作する人以外に囃子方も胴体に入って演奏する。
- In the big lion type, 'hayashikata' (people who play 'hayashi,' or musical accompaniment) get into the body part of the lion along with the costume swinger.
- 一献はてて国栖歌笛を奏し、二献三献にして舞妓が40人参入する。
- When the first dish was finished, Kuzu no Utabue (the music and dance dedicated to the emperor by kuzu [people who lived in Mt. Yoshino, Yamato Province]) was performed, and when the second and third dishes were served, as many as 40 maiko (apprentice geisha) arrived.
- 前弾きは雅楽的で、箏は楽箏風な手法、胡弓は笙風な和音を奏でる。
- The introduction is like traditional Japanese music, where koto uses a technique of gakuso and kokyu plays chords like sho (Japanese flute).
- このコンビから生まれた名曲は多く、今日でも広く演奏されている。
- There are many great songs by their combination and even now they are played widely.
- 既存曲の替手作りも得意で、いくつか現代にも伝えられ愛奏される。
- He was also good at making kaede (accompanying melody) of existing songs and even now some of them are played favorably.
- これに対して、上原勇作陸軍大臣が、単独で帷幄上奏して辞職した。
- In response to this, War Minister Yusaku UEHARA acted as iaku-joso (to make comments on military affairs to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results) and resigned.
- 以後、実俊は30年以上にわたって武家執奏を務めることとなった。
- After that, Sanetoshi served as bukeshisso for more than 30 years.
- 伝奏屋敷以前は土井利勝や酒井忠勝の屋敷で行われたことがわかる。
- It shows that, before the denso-yashiki was used, the yoriai had been held in the residences of Toshikatsu DOI and Tadakatsu SAKAI.
- その夜、皇后のピアノ伴奏に合わせて演奏を行ない、故人を偲んだ。
- He gave a performance on the cello to the Empress's piano accompaniment for thinking of the deceased.
- 地車囃子は、親太鼓、雄鉦・雌鉦、子太鼓の4人一組で演奏される。
- Danjiri-bayashi is played by a group consisting of four players who play oyadaiko, two gongs called male gong and female gong and kodaiko (a small drum).
- そして、こうした問題を解決するため、親王任国の制度を奏上した。
- In order to solve these problems, he proposed the Emperor establish the Shinno-ningoku system.
- テンプル・ブロックもしくはウッドブロックで演奏される場合もある。
- It may be played in temple block or wood block.
- 清楽はソロでもアンサンブルでも演奏・歌唱を楽しめる軽音楽である。
- Shingaku is the light music that can be enjoyed in the form of solo or ensemble playing, and in the form of playing with instruments or singing alone.
- アンサンブルとして一時成功したが、その後はほとんど演奏されない。
- They were briefly popular as ensemble instruments but have seldom been played since.
- ついで人長が本方に立つと、本歌方が進んで庭燎を奏し、本方に着く。
- When the nincho stands on the motokata side, motoutakata (本歌方) (the first singers) come, sing Niwabi and take their places on the seat of the motokata.
- 演奏方法は、裏底をドラムの様にドラムスティックで叩いて音を出す。
- The playing style is that they sound it by beating the back bottom with drumsticks like a drumming style.
- これには先述の奏法の違いや奏者の兼任する職業なども影響している。
- As mentioned before, this may also depend on the instrument being played as well as the type of employment concurrently held by the performer.
- 以後摂関や太政大臣の任命や更迭に武家執奏が介在するようになった。
- After this incident, bukeshisso came to intervene in the appointment and dismissal of the Sessho (Regent), Kanpaku and Daijodaijin (Grand Minister of State).
- 武家執奏は足利尊氏が将軍に補任された暦応年間から事例が見られる。
- Several cases of bukeshisso were seen during 1338 and 1341 when Takauji ASHIKAGA was appointed as shogun.
- 後にその役目を担った伝奏を特に「武家伝奏」と称するようになった。
- And later, the tenso who assumed the role of relaying the intention came to be called 'buke tenso' (liaison officers between the Imperial court and the military government).
- 上記の室町幕府将軍による武家執奏を多く取次したのも実俊であった。
- And as mentioned above, it was Sanetoshi that relayed many bukeshisso by the Muromachi bakufu shogun.
- 奏弾式(弾正台が皇族・官人の犯罪を天皇に対して告発する際の書式)
- This Article 'Sodan-shiki' was put here to specify documentary forms in which Danjodai (Board of Censors) could accuse some imperial family members and government officials of crime toward the Emperor.
- 諸司奏事(太政官を経ずに、諸司から天皇に直接上奏が行われる場合)
- This Article 'Shoshi-soji' (petitions of officials) was made to refer to the cases that allowed any official to submit his description direct to the Emperor not through Daijokan.
- 「囃子用」篠笛は同一径の指孔がほぼ等間隔で並んでおり演奏しやすい。
- The hayashi-yo shinobue has finger holes that are the same size and evenly spaced, making it easy to play.
- 一声(シテの登場を示す笛の吹奏パターン)があり、後ジテが現われる。
- There is issei (blowing pattern of the flute indicating the appearance of the shite [main character]) and atojite ('shite' performer that appears after nakairi) appears.
- ついで人長が末方に立つと、末の歌方が進んで庭燎を奏して末方に着く。
- When the nincho stands on the suekata side, suenoutakata (末の歌方) (singers who sing after motoutakata) come, sing Niwabi and take their places on the seat of the suekata.
- つまり火をたきつける所作について歌うだけでなく試奏の意味があった。
- It means that this performance was aimed at singing about the lighting of the fire as well as testing the skills of musical performance.
- 演奏は、劇場、寄席などにおいて、多くの場合、素浄瑠璃にておこなう。
- The play is performed in a theatre or storytellers' hall, predominantly in the style of su-joruri (stand-alone joruri, meaning narration and shamisen accompaniment without puppets).
- 現在は管絃によって奏される曲だが、古くは舞があったと言われている。
- Although it is played by kangen (gagaku music played with wind instruments and percussion instruments) today, it is said to have been accompanied by dancing in ancient times.
- 琉球の使節団の「江戸上り」のとき、薩摩藩は琉球の音楽を演奏させた。
- Whenever a Ryukyu delegation was on 'Edo nobori (a mission to Edo)', the Satsuma clan had Ryukyuan music performed.
- 専ら古典音楽の演奏に脇役として用いられ、民謡にはあまり登場しない。
- Kucho is exclusively used for supporting performances of classical music, and is not used often for accompanying ballads.
- 催馬楽の伴奏では、笙、篳篥、笛、琵琶、琴、和琴などがもちいられた。
- For Saibara accompaniments, sho, hichiriki(Japanese shawm), fue (Japanese flute), biwa, koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings), wagon (Japanese harp), etc. were used.
- 地歌以外の三味線音楽は三曲に含まれず、基本的に三曲合奏も行わない。
- Shamisen music other than jiuta is not included in sankyoku, nor played in the sankyoku gasso.
- 鎌倉時代、『平家物語』が流行し、多くの場合、盲人がそれを演奏した。
- In the Kamakura period, 'Heike Monogatari' (The Tale of the Heike) became popular, and, in many cases, the story was told by the blind with musical accompaniment.
- 楽器分類学の上では、木製の体鳴楽器の相互打奏板に分類されるだろう。
- In musical instrument classification, it belongs to the group of wooden percussion idiophones, consisting of two similar components struck together.
- 神社内で祭が行われる場合、境内にある能舞台、神楽殿等で演奏される。
- For festivals taking place within shrines, performances take place on stage areas within the temple grounds and in dedicated temple halls used for music.
- 曲の内容もその祭の目的や性格、演奏される場面に関連したものである。
- Repertoire relates to the aims, character and performance space at each festival.
- 鎌倉幕府には内訴(ないそ)・奏事(そうじ)という直訴制度があった。
- During the period of the Kamakura bakufu, direct appeal systems called Naiso and Soji existed.
- この直後に実俊が権大納言に任ぜられて武家執奏に相応しい地位を得た。
- Immediately after this appointment, Sanetoshi was appointed Gon Dainagon (a provisional chief councilor of state), which was a suitable position for bukeshisso.
- 江戸時代には、天皇に近侍し、勅命を公卿以下に伝え、議事を奏上した。
- In the Edo period, giso kugyo attended on the emperor, passed on Imperial orders to kugyo and those in the lower position, and reported the preceedings to the throne.
- また、以前はAFNでも毎日午前0時のニュース明けに演奏されていた。
- Previously, AFN performed Kimigayo also at the end of news at 0:00 at midnight every day.
- この年大番頭を辞任し、万治2年(1659年)には奏者番も辞任する。
- In the same year, he resigned as Oban gashira and sojaban in 1659.
- 付祝言(つけしゅうげん、附祝言とも)は、能における演奏形態のひとつ。
- Tsukeshugen (付祝言, also written as 附祝言) is one of the performance styles of noh (traditional masked dance-drama).
- 舞台音楽は民間にも広まり、演劇や舞踊なしで演奏される機会も多かった。
- Stage music became available among the common people and was often played alone, not as a part of play or dance.
- 古典本曲(独奏・重奏曲)、三曲合奏、民謡の伴奏などに用いられている。
- It is used in koten-honkyoku (traditional Japanese music) (solo, multiple instrumental music), sankyoku-gasso (a type of ensemble method) and the accompaniment of folk music.
- 現在は合奏の中で分散和音を奏しながらリズム的に支える役目をしている。
- Today, the instrument plays a role playing arpeggio and supports the rhythm in concerts.
- - 祭りやおめでたい時やハレ(晴れの席、晴れの日)に演奏されるもの。
- It is sung in haretoke (honored occasion, honored day), including festivals and other happy events.
- 踏歌の舞人は右近陣前庭から楽を奏しつつ仙華門をはいって庭前にすすむ。
- Performing gagaku (ancient Japanese court music), toka dancers came from the forecourt of Shishinden, went under Senka-mon Gate, and entered the forecourt of Seiryoden.
- 後の部分には、「しゃんぎり」というこれも無意識で演奏できる曲がある。
- After the Uta, there is a kind of song part called 'Shangiri' where can be also played unconsciously.
- その後岩倉具視が帰国し内治優先の立場から使節派遣に反対の上奏をした。
- Later Tomomi IWAKURA, when he returned home, reported the opposition to the dispatch of the envoy, to the throne, and their placing priority on domestic issues.
- - 韓国の一進会より「韓日合邦を要求する声明書」の上奏文が提出される
- Josobun (report to the throne) of 'Statement to request the merger of Korea and Japan' was submitted by the Iljinhoe party in Korea.
- 内奏方(ないそうがた)とは、室町幕府初期に設けられた訴訟機関の1つ。
- Naisogata was one of the legal institutions set up in the early stage of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 延暦24年(805年) 藤原緒嗣、蝦夷征討と平安京造営の中止を奏上。
- In 805, FUJIWARA no Otsugu submitted his suggestion for the Emperor to suspend expeditions to Emishi/Ezo and construction Heian-kyo capital city.
- また、政財界や学識者からの内奏・進講を、父昭和天皇以上に受けている。
- Moreover, he has received reports and lectures on the affairs of the state more frequently than his father, the Emperor Showa, from people in the political and business worlds, intellectuals and others.
- それに気を良くした皇帝は舞楽を奏させて自ら舞い、長生殿に戻っていく。
- The emperor feels good about it and has people play bugaku (traditional Japanese court music accompanied by dancing) and dances by himself, then returns to Chosei-den Hall (the Hall of Everlasting Life).
- 曳行のない祭囃子ゆえ、爆走モードの演奏もできるようになったのである。
- This made it possible for festival music to be played in dashing-mode.
- 音色よりも間を尊重する能楽の楽器にあっては当を得た奏法であるといえる。
- This is the best way to play instruments for Nohgaku which value pauses more than tones.
- また伎楽の伴奏の多くは雅楽のレパートリーに取り入れられ、後世に残った。
- Also, many of musical accompaniment for gigaku were adopted to the repertoire of gagaku (the court music of ancient Japan) and lasted long.
- 「素浄瑠璃」は、人形/歌舞伎などが伴わない「浄瑠璃」の演奏形態である。
- Su-joruri' is a style of 'pure joruri' performance without the accompaniment of puppets or kabuki.
- 特に三曲の楽器三種をすべて合奏させることを三曲合わせ、三曲合奏と呼ぶ。
- To play all three instruments of sankyoku in concert, in particular, is called sankyoku awase or sankyoku gasso.
- 和太鼓(膜鳴楽器)や銅鑼(体鳴楽器)などの打楽器を演奏する際に用いる。
- Bachi are used to play percussion instruments such as Wadaiko drums (membranophone) or dora (gongs) (idiophone).
- 半開の扇もしくはイチョウの葉の形に似た撥で弦(絃)を弾奏するのが特徴。
- They are characterized by plucking strings with a plectrum similar to a partly open fan or a ginkgo biloba.
- そのため、火鉢やコンロなどで演奏前や間に楽器を暖めることが必要である。
- It is therefore necessary to warm the instrument using a brazier or stove before and in between performances.
- 古典的な楽曲だけではなく、独奏、合奏ともに様々な作曲が試みられている。
- Attempts have been made to compose not only classical-style songs but also new songs as well as solos and ensembles.
- 櫓の上で音楽を演奏したり、櫓と繋いだ縄に飾りつけをして見栄えを整える。
- People play music on the yagura and make the yagura look more attractive with decorations on ropes attached to the yagura.
- 和琴などを伴奏として、貴族の正式な宴の後のくつろいだ席などで歌われた。
- It is sung accompanied by wagon (Japanese harp) at a relaxing time after the formal feast of court nobles.
- 近衛文麿が有名な「近衛上奏文」を奏上したのはそのような折のことである。
- It was one of such opportunities when Fumimaro KONOE reported to the Emperor his famous 'KONOE Joso-bun' (KONOE 's address to the throne).
- 伊予守>【寛文9年6月8日藩主就任-宝永5年6月25日隠居】〔奏者番〕
- Governor of Iyo Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on June 8, 1669 - retired on June 25, 1708'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)]
- この他に各官司及び諸国の国府向けに作成される頒暦166巻が奏進された。
- Besides that, 166 copies of hanreki to be distributed to the government official and the provinces were also presented.
- 寛永3年(1626年)に大番頭に就任し、寛永9年には奏者番を兼任する。
- He assumed the position of Oban gashira in 1626 and served concurrently as sojaban.
- 天明4年(1784年)に大番頭になり、その後奏者番、若年寄を歴任する。
- In 1784, he became the Oban gashira and served as sojaban and wakadoshiyori.
- なお、便奏が裁可されない場合には奏官である少納言が「勅処分」と記した。
- When a Binso document was not approved by the Emperor, Shonagon (the Minor Councilor of State) who drafted the document would write on it 'the Emperor ordered disposal of this document.'
- シテが舞う前にツレの天女が舞う場合があり、そこで演奏される3段形式の舞。
- A tsure of Tennyo no mai sometimes dances before the shite, and in such cases this mai is played in the three-section format.
- 天理教及びその傍系宗教において、儀礼音楽の中で他の楽器と共に演奏される。
- In Tenrikyo and its related sects, Kokyu is played together with other instruments in its ceremonial music.
- ことに三曲の楽器すべてを合奏することを三曲合奏といい、盛んに行なわれた。
- In particular, the performance in which all three instruments are played together is called Sangyoku-gasso and such concerts were held actively.
- 地車と呼ばれる山車を曳く祭り、地車囃子の演奏を奉納する祭礼の総称である。
- This is a general term for festivals in which a dashi called danjiri is pulled, or for rites and festivals in which a performance of danjiri bayashi (music performed at festivals) is dedicated.
- 浄瑠璃などでは舞を披露する太夫と組み、三味線を演奏する者を合方と称する。
- In the case of joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a shamisen accompaniment), the aikata means a shamisen player accompanying tayu who perform a dance.
- もっぱら神事舞として奏し、明治時代以後は皇霊祭その他にもちいられている。
- Azuma-asobi is generally performed as a Shinto ritual dance, and it has been performed at some Shinto festivals such as Korei-sai Festival (an equinoctial ceremony held by the Emperor at the shrine of imperial ancestors) since the Meiji period.
- ただし江戸時代中期には箏、胡弓、尺八の合奏を「三曲」と呼んだ記録もある。
- However, some records from the mid Edo period indicate that the combination of so, kokyu, and shakuhachi was called 'sankyoku.'
- 白居易の詩「琵琶行」は有名であり、楊貴妃もよく琵琶を演奏したと言われる。
- It is said that the poem 'Biwako' (a biwa song) by Haku Kyoi (Bai Juyi) was very popular and Yang Guifei often played the biwa, too.
- 弦は四本、フレットは14個あり、撥ではなくへら状の義甲を用いて弾奏する。
- It has four strings and fourteen frets and is played with a spatular pick instead of a plectrum.
- 演奏するときには半天(半纏、袢纏、法被)など派手な和服を着ることが多い。
- Performers often wear gaudy traditional Japanese 'happi' coats when performing.
- 祭囃子(まつりばやし)は祭の際に演奏される音楽で、邦楽のジャンルの一つ。
- Matsuribayashi' (festival music) is music that is performed at festival time and forms a particular genre of musical accompaniment.
- 文化 (元号)年間を中心に地歌三味線、箏の演奏家、作曲家として活躍した。
- Mainly during the Bunka era, he was active as a player of jiuta shamisen and so (or koto) and a composer.
- 現在演奏される地歌曲の中で、もっともよく取り上げられるのが手事物である。
- Among the jiuta music which is played now, tegotomono is most often played.
- また演能の前後に諸役と挨拶をかわし、上演の前には囃子のお調べが奏される。
- Shite performers greet performers of other roles before and after the performance, and Hayashi (musical accompaniment played on traditional Japanese instruments) is played before the performance is started.
- 一説では、大隈重信の上奏によりに建物が保存されることとなったのだという。
- According to one estimate, the preservation of the structure was decided by Shigenobu OKUMA's report to the throne.
- 論奏式(太政官が発議・決定した事項に対して、天皇に裁可を求める際の書式)
- This Article 'Ronso-shiki' was put here to specify various documentary forms to seek imperial ratification of affairs proposed and decided by Daijo-kan, the Grand Council of State.
- 「侍従長ハ親任又ハ勅任トス常侍奉仕シ侍従職ヲ統轄シ便宜事ヲ奏シ旨ヲ宣ス」
- 'The Grand Chamberlain should be appointed personally or officially by the Emperor, and he should serve the Emperor all the time; additionally, he also has to take care of other chamberlains and report to the Emperor.'
- 歴代藩主の多くはその経緯から、奏者番・御小姓番頭・寺社奉行を務めている。
- Many of the lords served as Sojaban, Okosho Bangashira, and Jisha-bugyo (a magistrate of temples and shrines) because of their lineage
- これらのなかで、もっとも自由な演奏(音楽表現)ができるのは親太鼓である。
- Oyadaiko have the most freedom (of musical expression) of these instruments.
- 演奏時は椅子に座りながら月琴を腿の上に置き胴を自分の体から少し離して弾く。
- When playing, the player sits on a chair and places the gekkin on the thigh and play keeping the sound chamber a little away from the player.
- 最大で6人のアンサンブルで、1回の演奏会で10曲ぐらい弾くことが多かった。
- Ensembles consisted of a maximum of 6 performers who often switched between around 10 pieces in any one performance.
- しかし江戸中期頃からこれらの楽器は特に地歌を中心に合奏されるようになった。
- The music instruments used for them started to be played in concert centering around jiuta from around the mid Edo period.
- 奏者の正面に横向きに置き、先端を団栗状にしてある桴を使って左右両面を打つ。
- The kakko is placed sideways in front of a performer, and the left and right sides of the kakko are beaten with drumsticks whose end is round like an acorn.
- 出囃子(でばやし)とは、演奏者が舞台に出て演奏する歌舞伎音楽のことである。
- Debayashi is a kind of kabuki music played on a stage by performers.
- このため、武家執奏は拒むことは出来ないものという認識が広まるようになった。
- Because of this situation, the court nobles began to think that it was impossible to refuse bukeshisso.
- なお、原たちは総辞職の上奏が行われるまでその事実を知らされていなかった)。
- Hara and others were not informed of the resign en mess until it was reported to the throne).
- 中務省ではこれに基づいて内記が草案を作成し、天皇に覆奏して内容を確認する。
- In the Ministry of Central Affairs, a naiki (secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs) prepares a preliminary draft based on the Choku, and then it is returned to the emperor, the contents are confirmed.
- 江戸時代後期の橋本実久は議奏を務め、安政の内裏造営のときも御用掛を務めた。
- Sanehisa HASHIMOTO in the late Edo period served as Giso (a position respsonsible for conveying what the congress decides to the emperor), and also worked as a Goyogakari at the time of rebuilding of Kyoto imperial-palace in the Ansei period.
- 土佐守>【寛政12年4月9日藩主就任-享和2年12月20日死去】〔奏者番〕
- Governor of Tosa Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on April 9, 1800 - died on December 20, 1805'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)]
- 熱意が功を奏し、月瀬村民は自主的に「月瀬保勝会」の運営を行うようになった。
- Their dedicated efforts paid off, and Tsukigase villagers voluntarily became involved in the management of 'Tsukigase Hoshokai.'
- 当時検校の位にある琵琶法師が毎年当地に集まり琵琶を演奏し親王の霊を慰めた。
- During this time, blind biwa players, who were in Kengyo (the highest rank of blind court musicians) came to this place every year to pray for the Imperial Prince's spirit.
- 今日の「君が代」の作曲者・林廣守や雅楽演奏家の東儀秀樹はここの出身である。
- Hiromori HAYASHI, the composer of Kimigayo (Japan's national anthem) and Hideki TOGI, a gagaku performing musician, are from this Shikibushoku Gakubu.
- 様々な公的行事で雅楽を演奏すること、また演奏者を養成することが職務である。
- Its duty was to play gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music which was introduced from China to Japan) at various public events and to train gagaku players.
- なお、室町時代には暦博士の賀茂氏に対しても天文密奏宣旨を下された例がある。
- In the Muromachi period, an imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso was issued to the Kamo clan, which was reki hakase (master of reki [calendar]).
- 山田流箏曲ではふつう合奏において地歌三味線ではなく浄瑠璃系中棹三味線を使う。
- In the so music of the Yamada school, chuzao shamisen (shamisen smaller than jiuta shamisen) for joruri instead of jiuta shamisen is generally used for ensemble.
- 5月31日 内閣弾劾上奏決議案が衆議院で可決され、伊藤内閣が倒閣の危機に直面
- May 31: The ITO cabinet faced a crisis of being overthrown, because a bill on the cabinet impeachment report to the throne was adopted in the House of Representatives.
- 8月1日、持之は赤松討伐のための治罰綸旨を奏請し、後花園天皇はこれを許した。
- On August 26th, Mochiyuki petitioned the Emperor for Jibatsu Rinji (a written document for imperial edicts to hunt down and kill emperor's enemies) to suppress the Akamatsu clan and Emperor GoHanazono gave it to him.
- 陰謀論にまつわる偽書としては、『田中上奏文』(田中メモランダム)などもある。
- One example of a gisho dealing with a political conspiracy is the 'Tanaka Josobun' (the Tanaka memorial).
- そのため、伝奏が将軍に対して直接天皇・上皇の意向を伝達するのが慣例となった。
- Therefore, it became customary for the tenso to directly relay the intention of the emperor or retired emperor.
- 『養老律令』公式令 (律令法)によれば、論奏・奏事・便奏の3種類が存在した。
- According to Kushiki-ryo (the law concerning official documentary forms) contained in 'the Yoro Ritsuryo Code' under the Ritsuryo law system, there existed three kinds of Daijokan-so, namely Ronso, Soji and Binso.
- 民部大輔>【宝永5年6月25日藩主就任-享保6年11月24日死去】〔奏者番〕
- Minbu-taifu (First assistant to the Minister)> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on June 25, 1708 - died on November 24, 1721'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)]
- 土佐守>【享保13年11月23日藩主就任-明和7年8月30日死去】〔奏者番。
- Governor of Tosa Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 23, 1728 - died on August 30, 1770'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)
- 「内掌典」及び「掌典補」は判任官とし、「内掌典」のうち1人は奏任官とできた。
- Nai-shoten' and 'shoten-ho' are officials at the position called hanninkan (a junior official), and one of nai-shoten members is given a position of soninkan.
- 宝永2年(1705年)に奏者番に就任して以降、若年寄、京都所司代を歴任する。
- After he assumed as sojaban in 1705, he served as wakadoshiyori and Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy).
- 伴奏は能地謡のみによって行われ、能装束・能面は用いず、紋付袴か裃などで演ずる。
- Shimai is performed only to the accompaniment of Noh-jiuta (Noh chorus), and donning of Montsuki hakama (formal Japanese attire for a man, consisting of a kimono dyed with the family crest and a long, loose, pleated skirt) or kamishimo (samurai costume, old ceremonial costume), instead of wearing Noh costumes and Noh masks.
- 明治維新ののちは神武天皇祭、春秋の皇霊祭の日に雅楽部員が皇霊殿のまえで奏した。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Azuma-asobi was performed in front of the Korei-den (the Imperial Ancestors' Shrine) by gagaku performers at Jinmu Tenno-sai Festival (Emperor Jinmu Festival) and Spring and Autumn Korei-sai Festivals.
- 揚琴、ダルシマー、サントゥールなどの打弦楽器で、弦を打って演奏する際に用いる。
- These are used to beat the strings when playing stringed instruments, hammering on its strings such as yokin (Mideastern typical folk instrument, stringed instruments of zither family), dulcimers, and santurs.
- 三味線、箏、胡弓の奏者は兼任が多いが、尺八はそれのみを専門とする演奏家が多い。
- Musicians who play shamisen, so, or kokyu often play other instruments, but shakuhachi players usually play only shakuhachi.
- 三味線が入らず、胡弓と箏のみの合奏は、これまであまり見られなかった方向である。
- An ensemble of kokyu and koto alone without shamisen had seldom been seen in the past.
- そのお陰で廃絶の危機を脱し、以後合奏曲として広く演奏されるようになったという。
- Thanks to this, the song came out of the crisis of abolition and after that came to be played widely as an ensemble.
- 第二條 内閣總理大臣ハ内閣ノ首班トシ機務ヲ奏宣シ旨ヲ承テ大政ノ方向ヲ指示スヘシ
- Article 2: The Prime Minister shall report on the affairs of state to the Emperor, receive the Emperor's instructions and direct the course of policies as the first among ministers.
- Article 2: The Prime Minister shall be the head of the Cabinet and indicate the political direction on behalf of the Emperor after informing the Emperor of important political affairs.
- 古代では神へ寿詞を奏上し八尺瓊勾玉を献納する事を中心とした簡素なものであった。
- In ancient times, it was simple, focusing on congratulating the Emperor for his long and prosperous reign and offering Yasakani-no-Magatama (comma-shaped jewel) to the god.
- 近江守>【天保7年7月29日藩主就任-慶応3年2月25日死去】〔奏者番を2回〕
- Governor of Omi Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on July 29, 1836 - died on February 25, 1867'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies) twice]
- 親太鼓の演奏では、バチを回転させるなどアクロバティックな動きをさせる人もいる。
- In the performance with oyadaiko, some players make acrobatic movements such as spinning around the sticks.
- さらに華やかにするために篠笛・尺八・胡弓・打楽器等を加えて演奏されることも多い。
- To enhance performances, instruments such as the shinobue, shakuhachi bamboo flute, kokyu (Japanese string instrument played using a bow) and percussion instruments are often used.
- 「御座楽」の最後の上演記録は、明治20年、伊藤博文の前で演奏したのが最後である。
- The final documented performance of 'Uzagaku' was in 1888 in the presence of Hirobumi ITO.
- 演奏者は非常に少ないが、稀に「鱸」「竹生島詣」「那須与一」などを聴く機会がある。
- The number of players is very small but we sometimes have an opportunity to enjoy the performances of 'Susuki,' 'Chikubushima mode,' and 'Nasu no Yoichi.'
- 味はビールに劣ると評されながらも低価格が功を奏し、発泡酒の売り上げは好調だった。
- Although low-malt beer was considered to be less tasty than beer, its low cost yielded results and it sold well.
- 奏法については内地の胡弓と同じく、弓ではなく本体を回転させて弦を移動し演奏する。
- To change the string to be played, the Kucho player rotates not the bow, but the main body, as the Kokyu player on the mainland do.
- 祭囃子は祭の行事に伴って演奏されるため、行事の形態により演奏形態や服装も異なる。
- Matsuribayashi is designed to be performed with festival events and as such, the shape of performances and performers' costumes can vary depending on the nature of the event.
- 忠通は呈子を養女に迎えると、法皇に「摂関以外の者の娘は立后できない」と奏上した。
- Tadamichi adopted Teishi, and advised the Cloistered Emperor saying `a daughter of someone who is other than the clan is not able to be enthroned.'
- 新規取立の城主として雁間に詰め、大番頭や奏者番といった役職に就く機会が多かった。
- As the new castellan, memebers of this family worked at Kari no ma (room for castle-owning fudai daimyo newly assigned after the establishment of the Edo bakufu) and often assumed the positions such as Oban gashira and sojaban.
- 特に、和太鼓を用いた創作曲を演奏するグループにおいて、篠笛が盛んに用いられている。
- Shinobue are often played by groups that play original music using Japanese drums.
- この翌日(6月19日)には円山公園 (京都府)野外音楽堂にて第1回定期演奏会を開催
- On the next day June 19, it gave its first Subscription Concert at the outdoor concert hall in Maruyama Park (Kyoto Prefecture).
- 現在、明楽は東京の湯島聖堂などで、坂田古典音楽研究所による再現演奏が行われている。
- Today, reproduced Mingaku are played by the Sakata Classic Music Institution at Yushima Seido (Sacred Hall at Yushima) in Tokyo.
- また、清楽の演奏で使う中国楽器も、長崎経由で輸入されたり、日本で模倣して作られた。
- And Chinese instruments used in performances of Shingaku were imported via Nagasaki, and they were also made in Japan in imitation of the Chinese imports.
- 舞人6人あるいは4人、歌方は拍子、和琴、琴持、東遊笛(中管)、篳篥、付歌で奏する。
- A dance group consists of six or four dancers, and songs are performed with a pair of hyoshi (wooden clappers), a wagon (Japanese harp) accompanied by kotomochi (harp holders), an Azuma-asobi bue (Japanese flute with six holes, which is also called chukan), and a hichiriki (oboe), accompanied with a backing chorus.
- 太鼓の奏法である複式複打法を用いる演奏形態(組太鼓形式)を祭囃子と呼ぶ地域もある。
- In some regions the performance style of playing Japanese 'taiko' drums from both sides is included as part of Matsuribayashi.
- やがてゆっくりになり、箏が風を暗示する手法「摺り爪」を奏して一段落し、後唄に続く。
- The tempo eventually slows down, koto plays 'suri-tsume' playing technique indicative of the wind to give a pause, and the second vocal part starts.
- 内閣に於て重要の国務会議の節は、総理大臣より臨御及上奏候上は、直に御聴許可被為在事
- When the cabinet holds meetings on critical matters of state, the Emperor shall allow the Prime Minister to ask him to attend the meeting and ask for his opinion.
- 奏事式(諸司から出された解 (公文書)の事項に対して、天皇に裁可を求める際の書式)
- This Article 'Soji-shiki' was put here to specify some documentary forms to seek imperial ratification of affairs described in a letter called 'ge' (a type of official document) submitted by shoshi (various officials).
- 一 関白、伝奏並ニ奉行職事等申渡ス儀、堂上地下ノ輩相背クニ於テハ流罪トナスベキ事。
- 一 関白、伝奏並ニ奉行職事等申渡ス儀、堂上地下ノ輩相背クニ於テハ流罪トナスベキ事。
- 「ヒガシ」の特徴としては、最初からかなりのアップテンポで演奏される点が挙げられる。
- Higashi' features the performance which is played considerably uptempo from the beginning.
- また平成になって胡弓演奏家の原一男により低音域を拡張させた五弦胡弓が考案されている。
- Furthermore, a Kokyu player Kazuo HARA devised five-stringed Kokyu that enabled further lower tones to be generated after the Heisei period.
- また、曳行後、舞台・櫓において「へたり」での演奏・奉納がなされる場合も少なくはない。
- Also, after the drawing danjiri, a performance and dedication in 'hetari' style often occurs on a stage and turret.
- その演奏者である平家座頭は、源氏の長者である村上源氏中院流の庇護、管理に入っていく。
- Heike zato, the players who played 'Heike Monogatari,' came under the patronage and control of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) chuin-ryu school, the chief of the Genji clan.
- 前弾き(前奏) - 前唄 - 手事 - 後唄の、地歌「手事もの」の形式をとっている。
- It employs a style of jiuta 'tegotomono' consisting of introduction - maeuta (first vocal section) - tegoto (instrumental intermezzo) - atouta (second vocal section).
- 諸井誠作曲 「S. M.のための“シンフォニア”」 (宮下伸の演奏により芸術祭大賞)
- Symphonia for S.M.' composed by Makoto MOROI (won the Arts Festival Grand Prize played by Shin MIYASHITA)
- 踏歌の史料初見は、『日本書紀』の持統天皇7年正月16日記事の「漢人等奏踏歌」である。
- The first appearance of toka in historical materials was in an article about 'toka performed by Han Chinese and others' on March 1 (January 16 by the lunar calendar), 693 which is included in the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicle of Japan).
- 更に安倍氏の家系の分裂とともに天文博士の地位や天文密奏宣旨のついても争いが激化した。
- Furthermore, discord within the Abe clan over the position of tenmon hakase and decrees of tenmon misso increased as the family members established branch families.
- ただし、武家執奏自身の地位や室町幕府内の権力関係によって手続が変化する場合があった。
- However, the procedures sometimes changed, depending on the rank of the bukeshisso himself or power relationships within the Muromachi bakufu.
- 各省より上奏書に付、御下問被為在候節は、主務大臣又は次官被召出、直接御下問被為在度事
- When the Emperor have questions about the reports from ministries, he shall call and directly ask questions to the minister or the vice-minister having jurisdiction over the issues.
- 第二条 内閣総理大臣ハ各大臣ノ首班トシテ機務ヲ奏宣シ旨ヲ承ケテ行政各部ノ統一ヲ保持ス
- Article 2: The Prime Minister, as the head among the ministers, shall report affairs of state to the Emperor, receive his instructions, direct the course of policies, and supervise each organ of the administration.
- 将軍・徳川慶喜の代には奏者番に任じられて将軍側近となり、佐幕派としての立場を貫いた。
- Under the rule of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA Taneki, appointed as soshaban (officer telling shogun about daimyo who came for greetings), became a close adviser of shogun, and he held onto his standpoint as Sabaku-ha (supporters of the shogun).
- この間に825年(天長2年)王子女に平(たいら)の姓を称することを上奏して許された。
- In 825, he made a request to the Emperor to have his sons and daughters adopt the family name Taira, and was approved.
- 秀吉の奏請により、智仁親王に所領が与えられ「八条宮」の宮号を賜ったのが始まりである。
- It started when Imperial Prince Toshihito was given land at Hideyoshi's request, he was also given the Miya go title of 'Hachijonomiya.'
- 同じく先端に取り付けられた木魚を演奏出来る「パチモク」なる楽器を制作し、使用している。
- The instrument called 'pachimoku,' which enables to play Mokugyo installed in the end, is used as well.
- 杖 (桴 (ばち))を使って演奏する杖鼓は、両面の革に異種の材を用いるのが特徴である。
- Sticks (bachi Beaters) are used for Joko drum to play, and Joko is characterized by different leather materials that are used on the both sides of its body.
- 胡弓専用の曲のほか、これら地歌曲の多くや箏曲の一部に胡弓を合奏することも盛んになった。
- In addition to the music specialized for Kokyu, Kokyu was played widely for a lot of Jiuta songs and for some So music as well.
- 単なる伴奏(バックグラウンドミュージック)ではなく、台詞と解説を含む点が特徴的である。
- It's not a mere accompaniment (background music), but is characteristic in that it has dialogue and explanations
- 双方きびしくせめぎあうが弁慶の祈りが功を奏し知盛の霊は引き潮に引かれて遠ざかっていく。
- Both sides fight hard, and eventually Benkei's prayer helps to get the ghost of Tomomori to recede with the ebb tide.
- 従って三曲合奏には、ふつう三味線、箏、胡弓と三味線、箏、尺八という二通りの編成がある。
- The sankyoku gasso, accordingly, has had two types of ensemble in general: ensemble of shamisen, so and kokyu, and that of shamisen, so and shakuhachi.
- また後世尺八のパートが作られ、現代ではむしろ箏に尺八が合奏されることがごく普通である。
- A part of shakuhachi bamboo flute was composed later, and an ensemble of koto and shakuhachi bamboo flute is rather common these days.
- ギターの奏法が取り入れられ、弾奏には右手の全部の指を使用し、爪か義爪によって音を出す。
- The guitar-playing style was incorporated and it is played with all fingers of the right hand and produces sounds with nails or artificial nails.
- このソロ演奏は、その楽曲の龍笛パートのリーダー(音頭、または主管とも呼ぶ)が担当する。
- The leader of the Ryuteki flute players in the composition, called Ondo or Shukan, takes charge of this solo performance.
- 義満以後の室町幕府においても引き続き武家執奏による朝廷への介入が行われることとなった。
- And because of the situation in the later Muromachi bakufu after Yoshimitsu, intervention by bukeshisso still continued.
- この祓いが済むと、伊勢神宮以下、各国の天神地祇に幣帛を供え、告文(こうもん)を奏じた。
- After performing the exorcisms, they presented heihaku (paper or silk cuttings or red and white cloth, presented to the gods) and notified Imperial instructions to every god of heaven and earth in Japan including Ise-jingu Shrine.
- 『日本後紀』によれば、大同3年5月3日_(旧暦)に完成が天皇に上奏されたとされている。
- According to 'Nihonkoki' (Later Chronicle of Japan), completion of the classification and compilation was reported to the Emperor on June 4, 808.
- が、1205年(元久2年)南都の興福寺の奏状によって遂に念仏停止の断が下ってしまった。
- However, in 1205, the decision to cease nenbutsu was decided by a soujo (document reported to the Emperor) from Kofuju-ji Temple in Nanto (Nara Prefecture).
- 彼は願い出て上京し、延宝元年(1673年)には内裏で演奏するなど、明楽は広まりを見せた。
- He requested permission to visit Kyoto, where he made Mingaku widely known, for example by playing such music in the dairi (Imperial Palace) in 1673.
- 雅楽を演奏する際、1日の最後の曲には祝言の意味から必ず「千秋楽」を演奏したという古い風習
- It came from the ancient custom that, when gagaku (traditional court music) was played, 'senshuraku,' which suggested congratulations, was played as the last number of the day.
- 地歌曲や箏曲に胡弓を合奏させる場合、多くはほとんどユニゾンで目立ち過ぎぬように合わせる。
- Playing for a Jiuta song or a piece of So music, Kokyu usually plays in unison with the song or music inconspicuously.
- 地車囃子という音楽において、もっとも即興性が許されるゆえに親太鼓の演奏は花形でもあった。
- The performance of oyadaiko was a feature because it is the element of danjiri-bayashi most open to improvisation.
- 多くシテは早笛で登場し、勢いよく演じるが、『玉井』のシテは特に位を重く、しずかに奏する。
- The shite often appears to hayafue (a music to indicate the entrance of a demonic deity, a Japanese flute performs in a dramatic and high tone, with small and large hand drums and a drum) and performs dynamically, but the shite in 'Tamanoi' (Tama Well) performs especially slowly and quietly with grace of works or shosa.
- 仏教の声明(しょうみょう)音楽に器楽演奏を添えたような感じの、力強く荘重な音楽であった。
- It was powerful and stately music, something like Shomyo (the chanting of Buddhist hymns) music accompanied by instruments.
- 平安時代前期頃までは演奏する人もいたようで、当時の楽譜も現存しているが、その後断絶した。
- Until the early Heian period, this instrument was played by some musicians but extinguished later, though scores from those times are still preserved even today.
- 初代宮下秀冽作曲 「三十絃のための独奏曲」(宮下伸の演奏により芸術祭 (文化庁)優秀賞)
- Solo for 30-string Koto' composed by Shuretsu MIYASHITA the first (won Arts Festival [the Agency for Cultural Affairs] Excellence Award played by Shin MIYASHITA)
- すでに当時、先輩音楽家たちにより地歌三味線音楽の作曲や演奏技巧の開発が頂点に達していた。
- In those days, the composition of jiuta shamisen music and the finesse of performance had already been culminated by his senior associates.
- 1869年(明治2年)、4藩同時に率先して版籍奉還を上奏し、全国諸藩の版籍奉還を導いた。
- In 1869, these Four Domains simultaneously took the role of national leadership in submitting a plan of Hanseki-hokan (return of lands and people to the emperor), and led the returning of lands and people of the various domains of the entire nation to the emperor.
- 中間に長い手事があり、三味線の技法も凝っており、複雑な転調と共に演奏の難しい曲とされる。
- This piece is considered a difficult piece of music with its complicated modulations, due to the shamisen's sophisticated technique for the long movement in the middle.
- 「掌典」は12人を定員とされ、奏任官(名誉職とすることもできた。)とし、祭事を分掌する。
- Shoten' staff consists of 12 members who are officials appointed with the Emperor's approval (such officials were called soninkan, and the position of soninkan was sometimes given as an honorary post), and they take partial charge of Court rituals.
- 久安4年(1148年)6月、頼長は近衛天皇への養女の入内を鳥羽天皇に奏請して承諾を得た。
- In June 1148, Yorinaga asked Emperor Toba for the entry of his adopted daughter into the palace of Emperor Konoe, obtaining approval.
- 誠光の兄の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて幕府との交渉に活躍した。
- Sukekado YANAGIWARA, an elder brother of Tomomitsu and a cousin of the Emperor Reigen, served as an official intermediary between the court and the bakufu called Buke Denso and played an active role in negotiations.
- 江戸時代から幕末・明治期にかけて大いに流行し、演歌師や法界屋、更には瞽女等にも演奏された。
- It became popular from the Edo period to the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate and Meiji period such that it was played by enka-shi (street performer of pop songs), hokai-ya (performer singing Hokai-bushi - Japanese traditional songs) in Kadotsuke (performance in front of the gate of houses) and goze (blind female who sings or plays shamisen (three-stringed Japanese banjo) as well.
- これは野外での演奏のため、弦長を大きくして張力を高め、音量の増大をはかったものと思われる。
- It is considered that as these songs were played outdoors, it was necessary to make the lengths of the strings longer to increase the volume of the sounds.
- 本曲でも伴奏として箏や三味線が入ったり、また地歌や箏曲に取り入れられたりしている曲もある。
- Therefore, some pieces of Honkyoku are accompanied by So or Shamisen, or are taken into music for Jiuta songs or for So.
- 立螺作法には、当山派・本山派などの修験道各派によって流儀を異にし、吹奏の音色は微妙に違う。
- Styles of ryura saho vary in different branches of shugendo such as Tozan school and Honzan school, thus making each sound slightly different.
- ほのあかりライブ - 様々な楽器演奏者や声楽者を招きろうそくの明かりに囲まれて行うライブ。
- Honoakari Live (concert), the live concert in which invited various instrument players and vocalists perform concert surrounded by the light of the candles.
- 管絃の遊びにも用いられたが名前の由来からもわかるように、仏教行事の舞楽として多く奏された。
- This piece was also used for music entertainment; however, as its name suggests, it was mainly played as Bugaku (dance and music) in Buddhist events.
- 明清楽奏者の家元としては、平井連山(女性。明治19年5月に88歳で没)などが有名であった。
- There were some known 'iemoto' (the head of a school) of Minshingaku musician, including Renzan HIRAI, a female player who died in May 1886 at the age of eighty-eight.
- 演奏は当道座に属する盲人音楽家により占有されていたが、江戸時代には晴眼の奏者もあらわれた。
- Performances were exclusively given by blind musicians belonging to Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind) but in the Edo period, some sighted players also gave performances.
- そして名を旭翁と号し、筑前琵琶橘流を創始、明治天皇御前演奏をするなど急速に全国に広まった。
- He took a second name or alias, Kyokuo, and started the Chikuzen biwa Tachibana-ryu and his name was rapidly known across the country by such as giving a performance in front of the Emperor Meiji.
- 推古天皇17年(609年)4月の条に「筑紫大宰(つくしのおほみこともち)、奏上して言さく」
- Tsukushi no Omikotomochi reported to the Empress' in the section for April, 609.
- 便奏式(少納言から提出された日常の政務及び宮中の雑務に対して、天皇に裁可を求める際の書式)
- This Article 'Binso-shiki' was put here to specify some documentary forms to seek imperial approval for daily governmental affairs and miscellaneous business in the imperial court, submitted by Shonagon (lesser councilor of state).
- 雅楽の演奏・演舞を担当しているが、宮中晩餐会などで演奏されるクラシック音楽も担当している。
- The section is in charge of playing not only gagaku but also classic music in a banquet at the Imperial Palace.
- なお、泉州地域の地車曳行の際の演奏は、このしゃんぎり(そのような名称ではない)のみである。
- Incidentally, the performance at the drawing danjiri in Senshu region consists only of this Shangiri (actual name is different).
- ところが、「ニシ」の地域には、「ヒガシ」にも「キタ」にもない地車囃子を演奏する流派がある。
- In the 'Nishi' region, however, there is a danjiri-bayashi whose style can't be seen in either 'Higashi' or 'Kita.'
- 9月、鎌倉に本拠を置いた頼朝が密奏を行い、東国の支配権を認めさせると、義仲は京で孤立する。
- In September Yoritomo who had his political base at Kamakura, secretly asked to obtain the right to rule the eastern countries, Yoshinaka was isolated in Kyoto.
- しかしながら、やがて当時盛んになっていた「新日本音楽」に取り入れられ、様々な合奏で使われた。
- However, before long, it became to be played in New Japanese Music (music using Japanese instruments), which were popular at that time, enabling it to be played together with various instruments.
- つまりはじめ人長作法において笛、篳篥、和琴および本末の歌人に庭燎を奏させて試み、着席を許す。
- To put it simply, in the manner of a nincho he has fue flute, hichiriki instrument and wagon koto players play Niwabi as an initial trial so as to permit them to sit.
- 伴奏も重々しい義太夫が法界坊を、優美な常磐津が姫をそれぞれ表現するように巧く分けられている。
- As for the accompaniment, the grave gidayu (a style of dramatic narratives) takes the part of Hokaibo and the graceful tokiwazu the part of the princess in order that each accompaniment can express each role.
- 1653年の江戸上りから1850年の江戸上りまで、約200年の間に、70曲ぐらい演奏された。
- During the roughly 200-year-long period of missions to Edo from 1653 to 1850, approximately 70 works were produced and performed.
- また尺八も明治以降、合奏に加わりレパートリーとして地歌曲、箏曲を演奏する比率が大きくなった。
- Shakuhachi was also added to the ensemble from the Meiji period, and jiuta and so-kyoku were more and more played on shakuhachi as its repertoire.
- それを聞いた八重崎は発奮して『八重衣』に見事な手付けを行ない、以後広く演奏される曲となった。
- Hearing this, YAEZAKI roused himself to play 'Yaegoromo' excellently and after that this song came to be widely played.
- 「鳴く声に」で次第に箏曲的な歌に戻り、胡弓が繊細なトレモロを奏する、短いが美しい間奏となる。
- In the section of 'naku koe ni,' the song gradually returns to a song based on the koto music leading to a short but beautiful intermezzo of a delicate tremolo played by kokyu.
- 中務省 - 天皇に侍従し、詔勅の作成・宣旨、伝奏などの宮中事務や位記・戸籍などの事務を掌る。
- Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs) served the emperor and took charge of clerical jobs at the court such as preparing imperial edicts, taking the dictation of the emperor and conveying messages to the emperor as well as paperwork related to letters of appointment and the family register.
- 1871年(明治4年)、再び4藩同時に率先して廃藩置県を上奏し、全国諸藩の廃藩置県を導いた。
- In 1871, again, the Four Domains simultaneously took the role of national leadership in reporting a plan of the Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) to the emperor, and led the abolition of the various domains of the entire nation.
- 勅使たちは翌12日(4月19日)には江戸城へ登城の上、征夷大将軍徳川綱吉に勅宣、院宣を伝奏。
- After arriving at Edo-jo Castle on April 19, Imperial messengers delivered the messages from the current and retired emperors to Seii Taishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians) Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA.
- 戸田氏定は上屋敷を出た後、その足で伝奏屋敷に入り、浅野家の家財を運び出すなど撤収を指揮した。
- After Ujisada TODA left the Kamiyashiki, he went to the residence for imperial envoys and ordered the removal of Asano's belongings.
- 新皇位への即位は京都朝廷へ奏上を行っており、相対する新たなる天皇という意味で新皇を名乗った。
- Enthronement to the new emperor was reported to the Emperor at the Kyoto Imperial Court and they identified themselves as the new emperor as opposed to the present one.
- 崇神天皇11年(紀元前87年)4月、四道将軍が地方の賊軍を平定させて帰参、その様を奏上した。
- In the fourth month of 87 B.C., the Shido Shogun reported the suppression of rebels to the emperor.
- 奏事不実(そうじふじつ)とは、天皇に事実と違うことを奏上すること、または他者を讒言すること。
- Sojifujitsu is to make a false statement to the Emperor or to make a false charge.
- 「事務官」は奏任官として掌典職の庶務を掌り、「属」は判任官として掌典職の庶務に従事していた。
- Administrative officials, who were at the position of soninkan, were responsible for general affairs in this department, and they were supported by minor officials, who were at the position of hanninkan.
- 皇族や公家の子弟のための教育機関の設置を志し、武家伝奏徳大寺実堅に江戸幕府との折衝を命じた。
- The Emperor aimed to establish an educational facility for imperial families and the children of court nobles, and ordered the buke-denso (buke-tenso) (an imperial official in charge of communication between the samurai and the court), Sanemi TOKUDAIJI, to negotiate with the government of Edo.
- 実検のときは、大将とお目に掛ける者の間、大将の左方に奏者が居て、首をあげた者の名を披露する。
- When the viewing was taking place, located to the left of the commander between the commander and those individuals looking at him was a sosha (a person in charge of informing a shogun or daimyo of the name of visitors to the residence before a meeting) who announced the name of the person who severed the head.
- その後、奏聞から戻ってきた行隆が以仁王誅伐の情報を伝えたため、興福寺即時追討論は退けられた。
- Thereafter, Yukitaka, who had returned from reporting to the emperor, conveyed the news of the death of the criminal, prince Mochihito, which removed the impetus for the immediate destruction of Kofuku-ji temple.
- 律令では、太政官が奏上する政策案や人事案を天皇が裁可する、という政策決定方式が採られていた。
- In the ritsuryo system, the method of policy decision was that the emperor sanctioned political and personnel proposals reported by the great council of state.
- いずれの譜も1オクターブ上げて演奏することが可能であるが、音色と表情が大きく異なった曲になる。
- It is possible to go up by one octave in both scores, but the timbre and atmosphere would become completely different.
- 外見はモンゴルの馬頭琴に類似しており、はじめは民謡の一形態である「追分」の伴奏に使われていた。
- With its appearance similar to the Matouqin (stringed musical instrument) of Mongolian origin, it was initially played for accompanying Oiwake ballad.
- 芝居で使われたが、演奏法が難しいため現在は実際の馬の鳴き声を録音したものが使われることが多い。
- Although it was once used in plays, a recording of a horse is usually used nowadays because of the difficulty of playing the uma.
- 実際、踊り以外でも、演奏にもかなりの違いあることは、各地車のホームページ等でも紹介されている。
- In fact, besides the dance, the fact that there is a great difference even in the music performance is also mentioned on each danjiri website.
- 演奏には、親太鼓(大太鼓)、雄鉦・雌鉦(鐘)(二丁鉦)、子太鼓(小太鼓)(トコテン)を用いる。
- For the performance, oyadaiko (a kind of large Japanese drum), 雄鉦 and 雌鉦 (a kind of gong) (also called nichogane) and kodaiko (small drum) (also called tokoten) are used.
- ところが、このような「ハナ」だけの演奏は地味であるために、「へたり」で演奏されることは少ない。
- However, such performances, in which only 'Hana' is played, are nothing special and there is little chance of them being performed in 'hetari.'
- また江戸時代中期頃からしばしば三味線、箏との合奏に加わるようになり、明治以降本格的に参入した。
- In addition, shakuhachi came to be played in concert often with the shamisen and so from around the mid Edo period, and it fully joined them after the Meiji period.
- 合奏では、主旋律を篳篥が担当し、龍笛はその音域の広さを活かし、主旋律に絡み合うように演奏する。
- In a concert, Hichiriki flute players play a main melody, while Ryuteki flute players produce such sounds that they match the main melody.
- 琵琶奏者の鶴崎賢定(つるさきけんじょう)や吉田竹子がこの新しい琵琶音楽を広めるのに一役買った。
- Biwa players such as Kenjo TSURUSAKI and Takeko YOSHIDA helped promote this biwa music.
- また、へたれ(鳴物を演奏するためにだけ寄席に出勤する落語家)もいると思われるが、定かではない。
- There are also hetare (rakugoka who only come to work at the yose to play musical instruments), which is not clear.
- 天文博士は天文生とともに毎晩夜空を観測して天文異変の有無を探り、異変があれば天文密奏を行った。
- Tenmon hakase observed the sky every night alongside students of tenmon, searching for signs of extraordinary astronomical events; whenever any sign was found, they sent a tenmon misso.
- 立場の悪化を自覚した義仲はすぐに平氏追討に向かうことを奏上し、後白河は自ら剣を与え出陣させた。
- Realizing that the situation was getting worse, Yoshinaka reported to the emperor that he was leaving to search and kill the Taira clan, and Goshirakawa had him depart by giving him a sword.
- 詔勅や表奏文を豊富に収録し、先例のできあがった慣行を記載するなど、読者たる官人の便宜を図った。
- Its substantial collections of imperial edicts and addresses made to the emperor as well as descriptions of the customary practices established by precedents accommodated the government officials at whom the text was aimed.
- 天和 (日本)1年(1681年)に奏者番兼寺社奉行に就任し、貞享2年(1685年)まで勤める。
- He served as sojaban and jisha-bugyo from 1681 to 1685.
- プラスチック・木・合竹は比較的調律が安定しているが、竹とは音色・演奏感が異なるとも言われている。
- On the other hand, shinobue made from plastic, wood or synthetic resin are stable for tuning, but produce a different from bamboo shinobue.
- 篠笛の伝統的奏法を他国の横笛と比較するにおいて最も特徴的なのは、タンギングを行わないことである。
- In terms of the traditional style of shinobue playing, the most characteristic feature when compared with transverse flutes from other countries is that tonguing is not used.
- その他特殊奏法(ポルタメント、フラッタータンギング、グリッサンド、トリル等)も開拓されつつある。
- Other special techniques (portamento, flutter-tonguing, glissando, trill, etc.) are under development.
- また自分の家の中だけで伝承されていた明楽を世に広めたいと考え、京にのぼり諸侯の前で明楽を奏した。
- Instead, in order that the Mingaku, having been inherited from generation to generation within his family, should be made known more widely, he went to Kyoto and played Mingaku in front of the feudal lords.
- 名前の由来は、包丁で細かくする際、包丁がまな板を叩く音が小気味よいリズムを奏でる事からきている。
- The name came from the brisk rhythm of a knife tapping on cutting board while cutting katsuo into pieces.
- 三味線と「お囃子」(前述の4種の楽器)だけでなく、さらに大太鼓や鉦、銅鑼なども加えて演奏される。
- Odaiko (large drums), bells and dora (gongs) are played together with Shamisen and ohayashi (the four instruments described earlier).
- 特に武満徹の「秋庭歌一具」(1973年 - 1979年)は優秀な解釈により頻繁に演奏されている。
- In particular, 'Shuteiga Ichigu' (In an Autumn Garden) (1973 - 1979) composed by Toru TAKEMITSU is performed frequently owing to his brilliant interpretation.
- 盲目の俳優が熱演のあまり足を踏み外したのを伴奏の三味線の機転で強い音を出したのが好評で生まれた。
- The idea was taken from that, when a blind actor took a misstep due to his enthusiastic performance, an accompanist Shamisen (Japanese stringed instrument) player used his wit to played strongly to cover his mistake.
- 「うた」の前の部分には、「一力(りき)」、「二力(りき)」という無意識でも演奏できうる曲がある。
- Before the 'Uta' part, there are parts called 'Ichiriki' and 'Niriki' which can be played unconsciously.
- 「へたり」とは(舞台・櫓で)座り(=へたり)込んで叩くという意で、曳行での演奏とは対をなす表現。
- Hetari' means to sit and play a drum (on a stage and turret), as a counter-expression to the musical performance during the drawing danjiri.
- 室町幕府の将軍による執奏は「奏聞」「申入」「口入」など記録によっていくつもの表記が存在している。
- As a description of bukeshisso, it is written, depending on the record, in several different ways such as 'somon' (reporting to the Emperor), 'moshiire' (making a proposal to the Emperor) and 'kuchiire' (mediating two parties).
- また、それ以上の休暇を必要とする場合には天皇への奏聞を経て最大15日まで認められる場合があった。
- If they needed additional leave, there were some cases where officials were permitted to take maximum of fifteen days off by reporting to the Emperor.
- その後、メンバーのほとんどが院庁別当として後白河に取り込まれてしまい、議奏はその機能を停止した。
- Later, most of the members were brought over to Goshirakawa's side as Innocho Betto (chief administrator of the Retired Emperor's Office) and giso stopped functioning.
- 久光は権大納言・近衛忠房や議奏・中山忠能、正親町三条実愛らの公家に工作を働きかけ、建白書を提出。
- Hisamitsu approached the court nobles such as Gon Dainagon (provisional major counselor) Tadafusa KONOE, Giso Tadayoshi NAKAYAMA, Sanenaru Ogimachi-SANJO and submitted a petition.
- ついで奏任官以上の総代として太政大臣三条実美が、華族総代として従一位中山忠能がそれぞれ奉答した。
- Then, the Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) Sanetomi SANJO as the representative of the officers originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister or higher rank people, and Juichii (Junior First Rank) Tadayasu NAKAYAMA as the representative of the peerage, replied to the Emperor.
- 明応の政変に憤慨して一時は譲位を決意するが、老臣である大納言甘露寺親長の諫奏によって取りやめる。
- He was furious about the Coup of Meio and decided to abdicate the throne; however, he didn't do so after receiving advice from Dainagon (chief councilor of state), Chikanaga KANROJI, who had long been an aide to the Emperor.
- 左近衛権少将花山院忠長は、ある時天皇の寵愛深い広橋局(武家伝奏・大納言広橋兼勝の娘)に懸想した。
- Sakone gon no shosho (temporary officer of the Imperial guard department) Tadanaga KAZANIN fell in love with Hirohashi no tsubone (a daughter of buke tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the Bakufu) and Dainagon (chief councilor of state) Kanekatsu HIROHASHI)) who was in an emperor's favor.
- 「東京1989」 (雅楽編成でベートーヴェンの第九交響曲を演奏するなどコラージュ的要素の強い作品)
- Tokyo 1989' (this piece has a strong collage element, such as playing Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 using a gagaku composition)
- 町人も武士も、男も女も、身分の上下や性別を超えて、いっしょになって合奏や合唱を楽しむことができた。
- Merchants and warriors, and men and women could enjoy an ensemble and a chorus together without regard of class and gender.
- 江戸時代初期には色々な楽器が合奏されていたようだが、まだ「三曲」と呼ばれた記録は見つかっていない。
- Although various music instruments were played in concert in the early Edo period, there is no evidence to show that any combination of music instruments was called 'sankyoku.'
- また明治以降胡弓を演奏出来る人が減ったため、「三曲」に胡弓を含めなかったり、無視する三曲人もいる。
- Some sankyoku musicians do not even include kokyu in 'sankyoku' and ignore it because the number of musicians who can play kokyu has declined since the Meiji period.
- 現代において作られる曲でも箏や地歌三味線との合奏が多く、独立したを持ちつつもやはり一体化している。
- Music composed for shamisen today is played in concert with jiuta shamisen and so; overall, the music played on these instruments are unified while each retaining its own style.
- 他の邦楽との違いとして祭囃子の奏者は祭りを主催する神社や寺社の氏子や檀家である一般人の場合が多い。
- As opposed to other forms of traditional Japanese music, performers of Matsuribayashi are in many cases members of the general public drawn from parishioners and supporters of the temple or shrine hosting the festival.
- それに対し、陸軍大臣上原勇作は帷幄上奏権を利用して、単独で即位直後の大正天皇に直接辞表を提出した。
- In response, Minister of Army Yusaku UEHARA directly handed in his resignation to Emperor Taisho who had just ascended to the throne, utilizing its authority called 'Iaku Joso-ken' (the power granted to the Japanese Forces to directly submit a proposal of military affairs to the emperor without any control of the Diet and the Cabinet).
- このため、永徳2年から遠くない時期に武家執奏はその役目を終えて実質上廃止となったと考えられている。
- Therefore, it is considered that bukeshisso finished its purpose in approximately 1382 and was abolished.
- 更に、幕末の東坊城聡長(正二位・権大納言、1799年 - 1861年)は武家伝奏に任じられている。
- Furthermore, Tokinaga HIGASHIBOJO (Senior Second Rank, Junior Chief Councillor of State, 1799-1861) was appointed the Imperial official in charge of communication between the shogunate and the court in the closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate.
- 第4代藩主・小出英貞は奏者番、寺社奉行、若年寄を歴任し、次男の小出英治に1000石を分与している。
- Hidesada KOIDE, the fourth lord of the domain, had held the positions of sojaban (the administrator of etiquette in the shogunate), jisha-bugyo (the position responsible for the management of temples and shrines), and wakadoshiyori (the commander of Hatamoto/Gokenin (the vassals)), and allocated territory with a yield of 1,000 koku to Hideharu, his second son.
- 師長が宿を借りた塩屋の主の求めに応じて琵琶を弾いていると、突然雨が降り出し、演奏は中断してしまう。
- When Moronaga was playing biwa at the request of the master of a shioya (a cottage where salt is made in pans) who let him stay the night, suddenly rain began to fall and he was forced to stop playing.
- 近衛の官人は巡回の際に自らの姓名を叫びながら見回りを行ったが、これを宿奏(とのいもうし)と称した。
- Kanjin (government officials) in Konoe-fu patrolled crying out their own names, and this was called Tonoi-moshi.
- その結果、佳姓を撰んで豊臣の新姓使用を朝廷に奏聞し、1586年(天正14年9月9日)に勅許を得た。
- As a result he, who chose 'Toyotomi' as an auspicious surname, reported to the Imperial Court on the use of it, and on October 21, 1586, he attained the imperial permission.
- 参議藤原基経がこれを父の太政大臣藤原良房に告げると、驚いた良房は清和天皇に奏上して源信を弁護した。
- When FUJIWARA no Mototsune, the Sangi (government adviser) mentioned this to his father, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, the Taisei Daijin, the surprised Yoshifusa went before the Emperor Seiwa and defended MINAMOTO no Makoto.
- 音程を下げることを「メリ」、微妙に音程を上げることを「カリ」と呼ぶ(「尺八」の奏法も参照されたい)。
- Lowering the scale is called 'meri' (the technique of lowering the chin in conjunction with fingering and breath technique), while slightly raising the scale is called 'kari' (the technique of raising the chin in conjunction with fingering and breath technique) (refer to the 'Playing' section of 'Shakuhachi').
- ヘルベルト・フォン・カラヤンの指揮とイヴォンヌ・ロリオの独奏で演奏されるなど世界的に評価されている。
- The piece, which was played by the conductor Herbert von KARAJAN with piano solo played by Yvonne LORIOD, has received a high evaluation internationally.
- 1832年の尚育王の謝恩使の一行が、江戸の芝白金の島津邸で行った奏楽と舞踊、演劇の様子を描いた絵巻。
- The letters of gratitude sent by King Sho Iku in 1832 include a scroll depicting a musical performance, dance and play held at the Shimazu mansion in Shiba-Shirokane in Edo.
- 東遊(あずまあそび)は、雅楽の国風歌舞に類される、演奏時間は30分程度かかる、かなり長い組曲である。
- Azuma-asobi is a fairly long suite that needs approximately 30 minutes to be completed, which is classified into the Kuniburi no Utamai (native-style songs and dances based on the music of ancient Japan), a type of gagaku (Japanese Imperial Court music).
- 箏曲のうち筑紫箏、八橋流は江戸初期、前期の音楽をほとんどそのまま伝えており他楽器との合奏を行わない。
- Among so-kyoku, the Tsukushi-goto (a school of so-kyoku) and the Yatsuhashi school do not play in concert with other instruments since they retain the music of the beginning of the Edo period and the early Edo period almost in tact even today.
- 現代の三曲の奏者たちは、流派のほかに「三曲会」「三曲連盟」「三曲協会」などの音楽団体を結成している。
- Today's sankyoku musicians form music associations such as 'Sankyoku-kai' (Sankyoku Society), 'Sankyoku-renmei' (Sankyoku Federation) and 'Sankyoku-kyokai' (Sankyoku Association) in addition to their own schools.
- また楽琵琶では、新作雅楽曲のパートとしての演奏のほか、奈良時代の楽曲の復元演奏なども試みられている。
- In the Gakubiwa, players are attempting to not only play parts in new Gagaku-kyoku (Gagaku music) but also reproduce the music of the Nara period.
- 1955年(昭和30年)、箏演奏家および作曲家の初代宮下秀冽が考案し、その息子の宮下伸の改良による。
- It is created in 1955 by Shuretsu MIYASHITA the first, a So player and composer, and improved by Shin MIYASHITA, his son.
- なお、11月1日は元々翌年の暦を天皇に奏進する御暦奏も行われていた事から、非常に盛大な行事となった。
- It became a very big event, since Goryaku no so (an annual ceremony, in which a calendar for the next year was submitted to an emperor) had also been originally held on November 1.
- 通常は将軍の意向を受けて朝廷との交渉役にあたる役人が、役職としての武家執奏に申入れを行うことが多い。
- In general, on behalf of the Shogun the official who acted as the negotiator often made a proposal to perform bukeshisso for the post.
- 保護する側を寄親(よりおや、指南・奏者)、保護される側を寄子(よりこ、寄騎(与力)・同心)とも呼ぶ。
- The person who provided protection was called Yorioya (shinan, soja), and the protected person was called Yoriko (Yoriki, doshin).
- また1932年(昭和7年)に、近衛秀麿指揮の新交響楽団でハイドンの協奏曲のピアノの録音演奏を行った。
- He also played Haydn concerto on the piano in the New Symphony Orchestra conducted by Hidemaro KONOE in 1932 for a recording.
- 源義仲の入京直後に行われた朝廷の論功行賞では、頼朝による政治交渉が功を奏し、勲功第一は頼朝となった。
- In the grant of honors awarded by the Imperial Court immediately after MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka entered into the capital, Yoritomo was granted the greatest deed of valor, owing to his political negotiation skills.
- これらの先進的な施策は功を奏し、人口は明治時代中期以降しばらく、毎年一万の増加を見せるようになった。
- With the success of these innovative measures, for a time after the middle of the Meiji period the population increased by 10,000 every year.
- これを黄鐘調かつ大小物で奏するのが黄鐘早舞で、通常の早舞よりも鬼や幽霊のつよさが勝ったさまを表現する。
- In Oshiki Haya-mai, haya mai is played in the Oshiki-cho (scale in gagaku similar to Dorian mode on A), accompanied on dai-sho hand drums, and the mai is played so that ogres and ghosts look stronger than those in haya mai.
- ポップスの分野では篳篥の東儀秀樹が、篳篥の音色を生かしたポピュラー音楽の編曲および自作を演奏している。
- In the genre of pops, hichiriki player Hideki TOGI performed his own compositions as well as arrangements of popular music that make use of the sound of hichiriki.
- しかし、三部構成の演奏となると、20分近い長時間となるので、圧倒的多数の演奏が二楽章に省略されている。
- The performance lasts for nearly 20 minutes if it is occurs in three movements; however, the great majority of performances are cut down into two movements.
- 催馬楽の歌い方は流派によって異なるが、伴奏に琵琶、箏(そう)、笙(しょう)などがもちいられ、舞はない。
- How to sing Saibara depends on the school, but Biwa (Japanese lute), So (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings), Sho (Japanese flute), etc. are used as the accompaniment and there is no mai (a formal, traditional Japanese dance).
- 盲僧琵琶では柔らかな材を使うことが多かった胴を硬い桑製に戻し、撥で叩き付ける打楽器的奏法を可能にした。
- He changed the wood for the body of moso-biwa from a soft wood back to a hard mulberry wood and made the instrument able to be played by striking it with a plectrum like the playing style of percussion instruments.
- その結果、延文3年(1358年)には関白二条良基が足利義詮の執奏によって16年務めた関白を更迭された。
- As a result, in 1358, the Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) Yoshimoto NIJO was dismissed from the post after 16 years of service, by Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA's shisso.
- 内奏方は直接判断は行わなかったが、調査・審理を行って適切な訴訟機関に審理を命じる権限が与えられていた。
- Although Naisogata didn't make any rulings by itself, it was given to the authority to investigate, deliberate, and order a proper legal institution to deliberate the case in question.
- 上卿は太政官機構を経由せずに、必要に応じて摂関の指示を仰ぎ、蔵人や殿上弁を通じて天皇への奏上を行った。
- The Shokei was able to report to an emperor through Kurodo (Chamberlain) or the court, not via the Daijokan (Grand Council of State), asking for instructions from a Sekkan (regent to the emperor) as needed.
- また押印も少納言が押印の申請を奏上して勅許を得た後に少納言の監督下で少納言局史生が実際の押印を行った。
- Moreover, Shisho (people who performed miscellaneous duties relating to documents) in Shonagon kyoku (Lesser Counselors' Office) stamped documents under the supervision of Shonagon after Shonagon had reported an application for sealing and been granted the Imperial sanction.
- 滋子は後白河が不在の折には、除目や政事について奏聞を受けるなど家長の代行機能の役目も果たすことになる。
- Shigeko had to work temporarily as the head of the Imperial Family while Emperor Goshirakawa was away from the Palace, she had to receive and hear people concerning Jimoku (a ceremony for the nomination of officials) or other political matters.
- 元慶の乱は朝廷側の蝦夷に対する懐柔政策が功を奏して、蝦夷は降伏したとするが、これに異を唱える人もいる。
- Some people have disputed the idea that appeasement policy of the imperial side toward the Emishi led to their surrender in the Gangyo War.
- これは「打ち指」と呼ばれる伝統的演奏技法であり、祭囃子・神楽・獅子舞等の祭礼音楽において特に多用される。
- This is a traditional technique for playing the shinobue which is called 'uchiyubi' (lit. tapping finger), and it is often used in the music of rites and festivals such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music), kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine), and shishimai (lion dance).
- 先述の撞木で叩くことにより音をだすが、その奏法は2種類あり皿のふちを叩く場合と中央部分を叩く場合がある。
- Sounds are made by beating with above-referenced shumoku, and there are two ways of playing; one is to beat its edge and the other is to beat its center.
- このように、地歌・箏曲の成立とほぼ同時に当道座の盲人音楽家たちによって胡弓が演奏されていたことが分かる。
- In this way, it is known that blind musicians at Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind) played Kokyu during almost the same period when Jiuta songs and Sokyoku (koto music) had been established.
- 古くは儀式だけで歌は無かったであろうといい、あるいは楽人の試奏に音取が奏されるていどであったろうという。
- It is assumed that, in the past, only the ceremony was conducted without singing or with netori (tuning of Japanese instruments) only, which was performed by musicians for the purpose of rehearsal.
- かつては独奏曲もあり、「楊真操」、「啄木」、「流泉」などが名曲として知られたが、現在に伝えられていない。
- There also once existed solo music and 'Yoshinso,' 'Takuboku,' or 'Ryusen' were known as masterpieces but they have not handed down to the present.
- 手事はいくつかの「段」に分かれていることが多く、それぞれ拍数が等しく変奏曲のようになっているものがある。
- Many tegotos are divided into several 'dan,' and each dan has the same beat rate and some are like variations.
- 三世一身法施行の前年の閏4月25日(旧暦)、太政官が奏上し裁可された政策の中に百万町歩開墾計画があった。
- On June 17 in the previous year of the enforcement of the Sanze-isshin Law, there was a project for a million hectares of land cultivation among the policies which Dajokan (Grand Council of State) had reported to the throne and was approved.
- 室町幕府には越訴奉行や内奏方、仁政方が設置されていたようであるが、次第に他の機関に統合されて廃止された。
- Although it seems that the Muromachi bakufu set up Ossobugyo, naisogata (authority of secret report to the emperor) and jinseigata (authority of a relief system for judicial decision of the litigation by hikitsukeshu, coadjustor of the high court), they were gradually integrated into other institutions to be abolished.
- 便奏(びんそう)とは、宮中における雑事など日常の細かな事項に関して、少納言から天皇に奏上することである。
- Binso meant for Shonagon (the Minor Councilor of State) to submit his report to the Emperor on daily affairs including miscellaneous duties in the imperial court.
- 関白・武家伝奏・奉行職が申し渡した命令に堂上家・地下家の公家が従わないことがあれば流罪にするべきである。
- If the court noble from the Tosho family or the Jige family does not obey the order given by the regent, the Imperial officials in charge of communication between the bakufu and the court, or magistrates, he should be exiled.
- 室町時代から江戸時代にかけては幕府との折衝役を務める者が多く、特に江戸時代には武家伝奏役を多数輩出した。
- From the Muromachi Period to the Edo Period, many family members served as negotiators with bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and, in particular during the Edo Period, many buketenso yaku (Imperial official in charge of communication between the shogunate and the court) appeared.
- なお、「ヒガシ」のアップテンポな演奏こそが、曳行する地車の制約から解放された音楽の典型例とも考えられる。
- In addition, the uptempo performance of 'Higashi' is thought to be a typical example of the music of danjiri-bayashi becoming free from the restrictions of drawing danjiri.
- また大内氏の直奏による大宰大弐の獲得に始まる戦国大名の勢力拡大の実利目的の官職任免もされるようになった。
- Moreover, appointment and dismissal of the government post for utilitarian purposes to expand the power of the daimyo in the Sengoku period, starting from acquisition of Dazai no daini (the next seat position of Dazaifu) by directly reporting to the throne of the Ouchi clan, also began.
- 立行司が祭主で介添えの行司が清祓の祝詞を奏上し、祭主が神事を行い、方屋開口を軍配団扇を手にして言上する。
- The host of the ceremony, who is Tate-gyoji (one of the two highest ranked referees) conducts the Shinto rituals and declares the opening of hoya with a gunbai uchiwa (war fan) in his hand while gyoji helping the Tate-gyoji sings Seibatsu no norito (a Shinto prayer for purifying).
- この緒をしめたりゆるめたりすることで音色を調節しながら、一方もしくは両方の皮を手または撥で打って演奏する。
- Either both sides or single side of leather parts are beaten by hand (s) or plectrum (s) while adjusting the tone color by tightening or loosing the strap.
- これは明らかに西太后の命に背くものであったため、剛毅らは弾劾上奏を行ったが西太后は特段処分を下さなかった。
- The resolute servants reported to the throne to demand impeachment since this was obviously something that went against the orders of Empress Dowager Cixi, but she did not give out a special punishment.
- 論奏・奏事の奏官は大納言が務める事が通例であり、奏文の書止が「謹以申聞 謹奏」にて終わることになっていた。
- Ronso and Soji documents were usually drafted by Dainagon (the Chief Councilor of State), and their closing words were 'Kashikokumo mosikiku tokorowo motte kashiko mosu' (literally, Respectfully we have reported what we have respectfully heard).
- 太政官奏(だいじょうかんそう)とは、律令制において太政官から天皇に奏上を行うこと、あるいはその文書を指す。
- 'Daijokan-so' meant for Daijokan (the Grand Council of State) to submit its reports to the Emperor, or the relevant reports, which were operative within the framework of Ritsuryo system (a centralized government system under the Ritsuryo Code).
- また、寄席や芝居において、待ち時間や休憩時間が終わる際に演奏されるものも「しゃぎり(=二番太鼓)」である。
- Also, at yose (vaudeville theater) and theaters, it is 'Shagiri (niban daiko [literally, the second drum])' too that is played when the waiting time and break time are over.
- 師長が琵琶を弾き始めると、八大龍王が助演者として加わり、村上天皇も自ら見事な秘曲を奏で、舞を舞う(早舞)。
- When Moronaga began playing biwa, eight great dragon kings joined him as supporting actors, and Emperor Murakami himself played an admirable piece of secret music, and danced haya-mai.
- その後、皇室の儀式としての奠饌幣や天皇の拝礼と「御誄」の奏上、皇后を始めとする皇族や親族の拝礼が行われた。
- After that, the Imperial Family performed some private ceremonies such as Tensenpei (a Shinto rite to present Shinto offerings such as cloth, paper, and rope), the present Emperor's prayer, a speech called 'Onrui' (a condolence message by the Emperor), and prayer by the Empress, other Imperial Family members, and their relatives.
- 10世紀後期の状況を示していると考えられている『西宮記』で御暦奏で進上される頒暦は120巻と記されている。
- According to the 'Seikyuki,' a book supposed to have described the court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette in the latter half of the 16th century, the number of copies of hanreki to be presented to the emperor was 120.
- 平成20年には琴伝流会員2,864名により大正琴の一斉演奏のギネス記録(従来記録1,034名)の更新をした。
- In 2008, 2,864 members of Kinden school broke its own Guinness record for largest group performance of taishogoto (record before that was 1,034 players).
- 1956年 4月に自治体直営のオーケストラとして創立し、6月18日、先斗町歌舞練場に於いて披露演奏会を開催。
- In April 1956, it was established as an orchestra directly operated by a municipality and gave its first public performance on June 18 in the Pontocho Kaburenjo Theater.
- 平野地域、十三地域や東大阪地域などの一部には、長柄・南長柄地区の派手な演奏を取り入れている講が少なくはない。
- In some areas, such as the Hirano region, Juso region and Higashi Osaka region, there are a lot of associations that perform bold music of the Nagara and Minami Nagara regions.
- 「江戸上り」では、元服前の男児が、楽師から楽曲を仕込まれて、「楽童子」(がくどうじ)として御座楽を演奏した。
- For 'Edo nobori (the missions to Edo),' boys were trained in musical repertoire by music teachers before attaining manhood and, participated in Uzagaku ensembles as 'Gakudoji (lit. child musicians).'
- 撥(ばち)とは、楽器演奏の際に弦 (楽器)や膜をはじく(引っ掛けて離す、または打つ)ために用いる棒状の道具。
- Bachi (撥) is a stick-shaped tool used to pluck (hook and release, or hammer) the string (stringed instruments) or the film.
- これまでの盲僧琵琶を改造し、武士の倫理や戦記・合戦物を歌い上げる勇猛豪壮な演奏に向いた構造にしたものである。
- He remodeled old moso-biwas and changed their structures to make them suitable for a valiant and dynamic performance singing about samurai's morals, war chronicles, and battles.
- 三味線の祖型が日本に伝来したとき、これを初めて扱い現在に近い楽器に改良したのが平家琵琶の演奏家たちであった。
- When the original shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo) came down to Japan, it was players of the Heike biwa who first handled it and improved it to make it similar to the present instrument.
- 古典音楽が奏でられる中、多くの供物が添えられた壇の前で、皇帝は位牌を掲げて豊作や国家安泰を祈る儀式を行った。
- While classical music was being played, the emperor performed the ritual to pray for a good harvest and the security of his dynasty, holding the former emperors' memorial tablets in front of the altar.
- 前唄は通常緩徐部分と早い部分に分けられるものがほとんどで、その間に短い間奏部である「合の手」を最低一回挟む。
- Most maeuta are usually divided into the slow parts and the fast parts and a short intermezzo 'ai no te' is inserted between them at least once.
- 統帥権に基づいて軍令機関は帷幄上奏権を有すると解し、軍部大臣現役武官制とともに、軍部の政治力の源泉となった。
- The military organs were thought to have the right to make comments on military affairs to the emperor with full responsibility of the results under their supreme command, and this right, as well as the Military Ministers to be Active-Duty Officers Law, was essential for the military to keep their authority.
- だが、硬六派が第3回衆議院議員総選挙後に内閣不信任上奏案を提出したため、翌1894年に再度解散に踏み切った。
- However, the Ko Roppa tabled a no-confidence motion to be reported to the Emperor after the third general election for the House of Representatives, which resulted in the Diet having to dissolve itself in 1894.
- 奏事(そうじ)とは、各官司や諸国で決定されて解 (公文書)として太政官に挙げられた事項を奏上することである。
- Soji meant for Daijokan (the Grand Council of State) to submit its report to the Emperor on the affairs which had been decided by any official or any province and reported to Daijokan in the form of Ge (a style of official documents made by any government official or province and addressed to Daijokan).
- 議奏(ぎそう)とは、律令制度のもと、太政官が政務に関して審議し、結論が出た事柄について、天皇に上奏すること。
- Giso means reporting conclusions about state affairs to the throne after deliberation by Dijokan (Grand Council of State) under the ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
- 孔子やその門人たちが琴を奏でることを好み、楽器の中でももっとも重用していたことが『論語』や『礼記』にみえる。
- In 'the Analects of Confucius' and 'the Book of Rites,' there are descriptions that Confucius and his disciples favored playing Kin and put the highest value on it among all musical instruments.
- 彼は交易に携わる傍ら、明国の宗室や廟の音楽に造詣が深かったが、それらの音楽を長崎で一族郎党を率い演奏していた。
- Though he was engaged in trade, he well versed himself in music played in the Imperial Court or mausoleum halls in Ming, and he played these pieces of music with his family and followers.
- 2003年 大友直人(第11代常任指揮者)と共に西日本初の子供向け定期演奏会「こどものためのコンサート」を開始
- In 2003, together with Naoto OTOMO, the eleventh regular conductor, Kyoto Symphony Orchestra launched the first regular concert for children in the western Japan, 'Concert for Children'.
- 義太夫節は上方で盛んだったためか、三曲の影響を色濃く受けている側面があり、そのひとつが胡弓を使う演奏といえる。
- Having been popular in Osaka, Gidayu-bushi is significantly affected by Sangyoku, and such an example is the use of Kokyu in the performance.
- 日清戦争に際して明清楽は制限されたが、明笛(清笛)は長音階になっていることから大正時代まで青少年に愛奏された。
- Although playing minshingaku was restricted during the Sino-Japanese War, minteki (shinteki) was favored by young people until Taisho period because of its major scale.
- 江戸時代中期以降、地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽はそれぞれ固有の曲も残しつつ、合奏のため同じ曲を共有する比率が高くなった。
- Since the mid Edo period, more and more, jiuta, so-kyoku, and kokyu-gaku tended to share the same songs for ensemble while each maintaining their own songs.
- 胡弓パートは流派によって、吉沢検校作の本来の胡弓パートではない、後世に付けられた別のものを演奏することもある。
- Some schools play the kokyu part added later and different from the original one composed by Yoshizawa Kengyo.
- これらの作品には、浦崎検校やその弟子の八重崎検校が箏の手付をしており、現代でも名曲として演奏されることが多い。
- Kengyo URASAKI and his disciple kengyo YAEZAKI played these works by the koto and even now they are often played as good works.
- 文和2年10月19日(1353年11月15日)、19歳の西園寺実俊が勧修寺経顕に代わって武家執奏に任じられた。
- On November 23, 1353, Sanetoshi SAIONJI was appointed bukeshisso in place of Tsuneaki KANSHUJI.
- ところが、立憲制導入を巡る大隈の左大臣有栖川宮熾仁親王への密奏と議院内閣制の導入提案が岩倉の態度を硬化させた。
- However Iwakura stiffened his attitude when he heard of Okuma's secret report to Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito, Minister of the Left, concerning the introduction of constitutional monarchy and of Okuma's proposal for the introduction of parliamentary cabinet system.
- 儒者たち保守層の反対上奏文もなりを潜めるようになり、逆に国際法の受容を求めるものが上奏されるようになっていく。
- The number of reports to the throne by the conservatives was decreased and the number of reports which looked for acceptation of international law was increased.
- この結婚は4代征夷大将軍徳川家綱の斡旋で行われたもので、江戸幕府は中務省本多忠国らを派遣して賀辞を奏している。
- This marriage had been arranged by Ietsuna TOKUGAWA, the fourth Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') so that some officers, such as Tadakuni HONDA of the Ministry of Central Affairs were sent from the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to celebrate the marriage.
- 尼子側は義久の弟である尼子倫久ら10,000の軍を白鹿城の救援に送ったものの功を奏さず、10月に城は陥落した。
- The Amago side sent an army of 10,000 men including Yoshihisa's brother Tomohisa AMAGO to the relief of Shiraga-jo Castle; however it was not successful and the castle fell in October.
- 本来はリズム楽器であるが、手で打つ奏法と緒を自由に操作することによって数種類の音色を打ちわけることが可能となる。
- Originally, it was a rhythm instrument, and enables to produce different tone colors depending on the methods of beating it by hand (s), and freely operating a strap.
- 近年の新作曲では、西洋のフルートやピッコロ同様にタンギング、ビブラートも「現代奏法」として用いられることがある。
- In some pieces which have been newly composed in recent years, the techniques of tonguing and vibration are used as 'the modern style of playing' like they are used with Western flute and piccolo.
- 民謡における胡弓としては富山県富山市八尾地区の風の盆で演奏される「越中おわら節」などで使用されるのが有名である。
- Concerning Kokyu in ballad, it is well known that Kokyu is used in 'Etchu Owara bushi' (a song for Japanese folk dance in Etchu - present day Toyama Prefecture) played in 'Kaze-no Bon' (literally, wind Bon: Bon is a Buddhist festival for dead ancestors, held in summer) in the Yao area of Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture.
- 越天楽に歌詞をつけたのが『今様』であり中で最も有名なのが『黒田節』で、日本では結婚式などで演奏されることが多い。
- Versions of etenraku with lyrics attached thereto are called 'imayo' (popular style of song in Heian period) and the most famous among them is 'Kuroda-bushi' (Song of Kuroda), which is often played in wedding receptions in Japan.
- この手法はその後も受け継がれ、より変奏に工夫が凝らされ、互いに合奏ができる(段合わせ)よう作られている曲もある。
- This method of performance continued into later years, with many variations added thereto, and some pieces were created to enable players to perform alternately (uchiawase method).
- このほか、天文密奏の際に行われた天文勘文や刑事事件などの際に行われた明法家による明法勘文などが良く知られている。
- Other than the above, Tenmon Kanmon submitted at the time of Tenmon misso (reporting unusual astronomical phenomena to the emperor) and Myobo Kanmon submitted by scholars of law on the occasion of criminal cases are well-known.
- 続いて皇族以下奏任官以上及び官公立学校には願出により下賜、私立学校には実費徴収の上で下付されることになっていた。
- Second, it was scheduled that the books were granted to the imperial family and officials who were in the higher positions than ones appointed with the Emperor's approval and national and prefectural schools, while they were given to private schools by collecting expenses.
- (奏弾)宮中における特別警察的な存在であるが裁判権は他の機関と同じく、組織内部の軽罪を裁く程度しか持っていない。
- (Sodan) It was a kind of special force police unit in the Imperial Court, but as for jurisdiction, it just judged a misdemeanor in the organization as well as the other institutions.
- 稲葉正守(まさまり)<従四位下。丹後守>【文政6年6月25日藩主就任-天保13年7月20日】〔奏者番。寺社奉行〕
- Masamori INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on June 25, 1823 - July 20, 1842'[Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony), Jishabugyo (a magistrate of shrines and temples)]
- 道康親王を皇太子に擁立する動きがあることに不安を感じた恒貞親王と父親の淳和上皇は、しばしば皇太子辞退を奏請した。
- With anxiety over the movement to support the Imperial Prince Michiyasu in attaining the position of the crown prince, the Imperial Prince Tsunesada and his father, the Retired Emperor Junna repeatedly petitioned the Retired Emperor Saga for resignation from the position of the crown prince.
- 元暦2年(1185年)元旦に出現した赤気を巡って密奏を行った安倍季弘兄弟と他の安倍氏一族との間で論争が発生した。
- There was a dispute between the ABE no Suehiro brothers who performed the misso and the other members of the ABE clan over the sekki phenomenon (low-latitude aurora) observed on February 9, 1185.
- 歴代当主では保春が武家伝奏・正二位大納言に任ぜられたのが最高位で、その子高野保光も従二位大納言に任ぜられている。
- Yasuharu was appointed the official intermediary between the court and the bakufu called 'buke denso' Shonii (Senior Second Rank), which was the highest position the successive heads of the family attained; and Yasuharu's son Yasumitsu TAKANO was appointed Junii (Junior Second Rank) Dainagon (chief councilor of state).
- これらの盲僧たちはそれぞれの組織を持ち、室町時代から江戸時代にかけ、平曲の盲人演奏家の組織である当道座と対立した。
- These blind priests belonged to their own guild and had a conflict with Todo-za, an organization of blind musicians of Heikyoku, from the Muromachi period to the Edo period.
- 盲僧琵琶は仏教儀式に用いられたもので、盲人の僧侶がこの琵琶の伴奏で経文を唱えていたとされるが、娯楽的な音楽もある。
- The moso-biwa was used for Buddhist rituals and it is said that blind priests used to chant sutras to an accompaniment of it, but there were some pieces of entertainment-type music, too.
- 石川勾当(いしかわ こうとう、生没年不詳)は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家(地歌三味線演奏家、作曲家)。
- Koto ISHIKAWA (year of birth unknown) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).
- 天文異変の異変の状況とその内容の吉兆を勘録した奏書を陰陽寮または蔵人所を通じて天皇に報告する事を天文密奏と称した。
- Reporting the status of extraordinary astronomical events and the good omens they contained in sosho (reports to the Emperor) to the Emperor, conducted through the Onmyoryo (Bureau of Divination) or Kurododokoro (the Chamberlain's Office), was called tenmon misso.
- これに対し3日後10月27日の就任式当日、内務大臣板垣退助が反対意見を上奏、翌日板垣ら旧自由党派三大臣が辞任した。
- On the other hand, three days later, October 27 the day of the inauguration ceremony, the Minister of Home Affairs Taisuke ITAGAKI reported his objection to the throne, and three ministers of the former Liberal Party including ITAGAKI resigned on the following day.
- 明治政府内では、1880年(明治13年)元老院 (日本)が天皇に上奏した日本国国憲按では「皇帝」と表記されていた。
- In Meiji Government, Nihonkoku Kokkenan (one of the drafts of Constitution) that was reported to the throne by Genroin (the Chamber of Elders) in 1880 adopted the 'Kotei' title.
- 帝が管弦を奏させて西王母の来臨を待っていると極楽の鳥である孔雀と鳳凰と迦陵頻伽が飛び交う中から西王母が降りて来る。
- The emperor has orchestral music played while waiting for Seiobo to come down to visit him; Seiobo comes down amidst a flock of birds of the Buddhist paradise – peacocks, phoenixes and Karyobinnga (birds having a face of a beautiful woman and a sweet voice) – flying about.
- 奏法は、紐で吊るすか枠や柄をつけてそのまま撥で打つ場合と、左手に直接持って指で音色や余韻を変えながら打つ場合がある。
- It's hanged with a rope, framed or handled, and beaten with a 'bachi' (a drumstick), or held directly by a left hand and beaten with fingers by changing the tones and lingering sounds.
- ちなみに、この演目が歌舞伎で上演される場合は、阿古屋を演ずる女形が3つの楽器を実際に演奏することが通例となっている。
- Incidentally, when this program is played in Kabuki, it is customary that the male actor playing the female role of Akoya actually plays the three instruments.
- これら現代音楽における笙など雅楽楽器の演奏は、雅楽のみならず現代音楽においても深い解釈を持つ奏者の存在が欠かせない。
- Existence of performers with a deep understanding of not only gagaku, but also modern music, is vital to the performance of modern music using gagaku musical instruments such as sho.
- 能管、小鼓、大鼓、太鼓によって奏される働事には「舞働」、「打合働」、「イノリ」(祈)、「立廻り」(上記参照)がある。
- In hataraki-goto played with nohkan, kotsuzumi, otsuzumi, and taiko, there are 'maibataraki,' 'uchiai-bataraki' (one scene in which the shite, a main role fighting with the tsure or the waki, a supporting role of maibataraki, dance with hayashi), 'inori' (in scenes in which a monk or Yamabushi, the waki uses magic to fend off an crazed witch, shite, inori, or prayer, refers to the movement in which the witch submits to the prayers of the monk or Yamabushi, a movement of the hayashi), and 'tachimawari' (see above).
- また地歌や箏曲に加わり他の楽器と合奏することも多くなり、特に三曲すべてを合わせる三曲合奏の形式が出来上がっていった。
- In addition, Kokyu became increasingly played for Jiuta songs or So music with other instruments, and in particular, the form of playing these three instruments in concert had been established.
- そのため、これほど著名な曲であるのに、三曲界でも『千鳥の曲』が本来胡弓、箏合奏曲であることを知らない人が非常に多い。
- Therefore, though the music is so popular, so many people do not know the fact that 'Chidori no Kyoku' is originally an ensemble of kokyu and koto even in the scene of sankyoku (instrumental trio).
- それまで三味線と箏は演奏者が同じでも合奏させることはなかったが、彼に至って地歌に箏を合奏することを始めたと言われる。
- It is said that shamisen and koto had not been played for ensemble even by the same player until he started it.
- 現代までの尺八の普及に伴い、こんにちでは本来の胡弓 - 箏合奏よりも尺八 - 箏合奏の方がはるかに普通に行なわれる。
- As shakuhachi grew popular until the present days, an ensemble of shakuhachi and koto is now played more commonly than an original ensemble of kokyu and koto.
- たとえば『万国公法』などの西学書を常備した図書館兼教育機関の設置、あるいは全国への配布が官僚たちから上奏されている。
- More specifically, government officials requested establishment of libraries with collection of books on western studies including 'Bankoku Koho' or distribution of the books around the country.
- それらによると孔子は諸国を漫遊する旅に琴を携えて歌の伴奏としおり、子游や顔回ら弟子達も琴を愛用していたことがわかる。
- These literary works showed that Confucius carried a Kin when traveling around the country and sang to its accompaniment, and that his disciples such as Shiyu and Gankai also used it habitually.
- 稲葉正益(まさよし)<従四位下。丹後守>【享保19年11月5日藩主就任-明和8年9月28日死去】〔奏者番。寺社奉行〕
- Masayoshi INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 5, 1734 - died on September 28, 1771'[Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony), Jishabugyo (a magistrate of shrines and temples)]
- 明治2年2月18日、山国隊は大勢の見物人・出迎えのなか、鼓笛を奏して京都から山国への凱旋を果たし山国神社を参拝した。
- On March 30, 1869, the Yamagunitai was met by a tremendous crowd of onlookers as they marched, playing flutes and drums, from Kyoto to Yamaguni in a triumphant return, paying homage at Yamaguni-jinja Shrine.
- 神楽は巫女(「巻絹」)や女体の神(「三輪」)が舞うもので実際の神楽を模してつくられており、かならず太鼓入りで奏される。
- Kagura is danced by a miko (a shrine maiden) (in 'Makiginu' (bolt of silk) or by a goddess (in 'Miwa'), imitating a real kagura dance, and is always accompanied by drums.
- 遣り回しはともかく、地車の動きを表現する演奏は河内地域でも見受けられ、また地車のない摂津(大阪市内)でさえも存在する。
- Setting yarimawashi aside, musical performance that express the movements of danjiri can be seen in Kawachi region too, and even at Settsu (within Osaka City) which possesses no danjiri.
- 『杜若』『桜川』のように女のシテが多いが、『弱法師』のように男のシテが舞うものもあり、『花筐』ではクセの後に奏される。
- Like in 'Kakitsubata' (The Iris, Noh play) or 'Sakuragawa,' this is often performed by women shite, but some are performed by men shite such as in 'Yoroboshi' (The Beggar and His Savior) and this is performed after kuse in 'Hana-gatami' (Flower Basket).
- 三味線奏者は、戦後の後継者難から、選択無形文化財に指定された林家とみ(2代目林家染丸の妻)の没後滅亡の危機に晒された。
- The shamisen player was on the brink of extinction after the death of Tomi HAYASHIYA (the wife of Somemaru HAYASHIYA II), who was designated as a selected intangible cultural property, as it became difficult to find her successors after the War.
- 浅野内匠頭もこの前日には伝奏屋敷入りしており、以降数日間にわたり吉良の指南を受けながら勅使の饗応にあたるはずであった。
- Asano Takumi no Kami also entered the residence the previous day, and they were supposed to attend to the guests for the next few days under the instructions of Kira.
- 歴代藩主の多くが大番頭や奏者番、そして若年寄などの要職を務めているが、藩政における治績はほとんど見られない小藩だった。
- Many of the domain lords from the lineage were appointed important posts such as Oban gashira (captain of the great guards), sojaban (official in charge of the ceremonies) or wakadoshiyori, although the domain itself was too minor for the lords to be remembered for any notable record of lordship under their rule.
- 稲葉正親(まさちか)<従四位下。佐渡守>【享保15年3月27日藩主就任-享保19年9月14日死去】〔大坂城代。奏者番〕
- Masachika INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on March 27, 1730 - died on September 14, 1734'[Osaka Jodai (Keeper of the Osaka Castle), Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony)]
- 第5代藩主・小出英持も英貞と同じくその三職を歴任し、第6代藩主・小出英常は奏者番になるなど、幕府の要職を歴任している。
- The fifth and sixth lords of the domain also held important positions in the Shogunate, with Hidemochi KOIDE, the fifth lord serving in the same three positions as Hidesada, and Hidetsune KOIDE, the sixth lord, holding the position of sobajan.
- 武家伝奏であった公家の勧修寺晴豊の「日々記」の天正十年夏記六月一日によると、信長はこれを死の前日まで公に指摘していた。
- According to description for June 1, 1580 (old calendar) in 'Nichinichiki' of Harutoyo KAJUJI, who was a noble and Buke Denso (imperial official in charge of communication with the shogunate), Nobunaga officially pointed out this problem even one day before his death.
- 歌手の淡谷のり子は、戦地で慰問演奏の際にもんぺを穿かずステージ衣装で出演したことは有名で、当局から睨まれる一因となった。
- A singer, Noriko AWAYA was famous for performing with stage costumes instead of monpe while she did entertaining performances in battle fields and was the cause of falling into disgrace with the authorities.
- 客席の上手側に張りだした演奏用の場所を「床」と呼び、回転式の盆に乗って現れた太夫と三味線弾きが、ここで浄瑠璃を演奏する。
- The place for performance which is thrown out toward the right side of the audience is called 'yuka' (musicians' stage), where the tayu and shamisen player perform joruri after appearing on the rotating tray.
- 歌舞伎における黒御覧(下座音楽)において俳優の登場や退場などにあわせて演奏する唄を伴わない音楽を合方(相方)と呼称する。
- In the field of kabuki, the term aikata refers to instrumental music which is played, accompanying the movements of actors, including entrances and exits, in kuromisu (a slatted room at the stage right) (geza music).
- (1930年代にも演奏)ベトナムにはおそらく明代に伝播した四弦十数柱のものが伝承され、琵琶と書いて「ティパ」と発音する。
- (It was played in the 1930s, too.) The four-stringed biwa with more than a dozen frets that was introduced to the Ming Dynasty had been handed down in Vietnam and it is written biwa but pronounced as 'tipa.'
- 構造上、呼気によって内部が結露しやすく、そのまま演奏し続けると簧に水滴が付いて音高が狂い、やがて音そのものが出なくなる。
- Due to its structure, internal condensation from breath easily builds up and, if performed continually, water drops on the shita will distort the pitch and eventually lead to loss of sound.
- 『続日本紀』には、天平7年(735年)に聖武天皇が、唐人による唐・新羅の音楽の演奏と弄槍の軽業芸を見たという記述がある。
- In 'Shoku Nihongi,' there is a description stating that the Emperor Shomu enjoyed in 735 the music of Tan/Silla and acrobatics of hokoyuke (spear play) performed by Chinese.
- 四角状の扁平な木製の胴の両面に皮を張り、胴を貫通して伸びる棹に張られた弦を、通常、イチョウ形の撥(ばち)で弾き演奏する。
- The wooden body is square and flat, and both sides are covered with skin; the neck extends through the body, on which strings are plucked with a bachi (a plectrum) shaped like a ginkgo leaf.
- 見送りの「龍王渡海図」(1988年新調)・下水引の「飛天奏楽」(1995年新調)は、日本画家の加山又造の下絵によるもの。
- It was Matazo KAYAMA, a Japanese-style painter who designed 'Ryuotokaizu' (literally, a picture of dragon crossing over the sea), a pattern on miokuri (a backside drop curtain of a float) which was renewed in 1988, and 'Hitensogaku' (literally, flying music), a pattern on shita-mizuhiki (a lower side-drapery of a float) which was renewed in 1995.
- 明治以降、尺八が三曲へ本格的に参入し、『千鳥の曲』も尺八各流派で合奏用に手付けされ、その意味では尺八曲であるとも言える。
- In Meiji period and later, shakuhachi was fully included in sankyoku music, and 'Chidori no Khyoku' was also arranged by each school of shakuhachi for an ensemble, in which context it can be a song for shakuhachi.
- そのためか一般受けせず、新古今組は吉沢の直系以外ではほとんど演奏されないが、このスタイルを踏襲した京極流箏曲も存在した。
- For this or another reason, Shinkokin-gumi is seldom played by musicians out of the direct line of Yoshizawa, but there was Kyogoku school of koto music that followed this style.
- 北朝(朝廷)に設けられた役職の1つで将軍からの武家執奏を取次、反対に治天の君・天皇の意向を将軍に伝達する役目を果たした。
- And the other is that it is a post set in the Northern Court (the Imperial Court) that relayed the bukeshisso from the shogun and vice versa, played the role of conveying the intention of Chiten no kimi (the retired emperor in power) and the emperor to the shogun.
- 公卿らを中心に『日本書紀』の故事・逸話に因んだ和歌(「日本紀竟宴和歌」)を詠み、大歌御琴師がそれに合わせて和琴を奏でた。
- In the party, the participants, mainly Kugyo recited waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) related to traditions and anecdotes described in the 'Nihonshoki' to the accompaniment of wagon (Japanese harp) played by Oouta no mikotoshi.
- 大神は再度宣命を訊くことを拒むが、清麻呂は「天の日継は必ず帝の氏を継がしめむ」という大神の神託を大和に持ち帰り奏上する。
- The big god refused to listen to the Imperial edict; however, Kiyomaro did bring an oracle given from the big god to Yamato and reported about it; the content of the oracle is as follows: 'Without doubt, the person who succeeds the present Emperor will be a person with the Imperial family name.'
- なお、中宮・東宮には別途に陰陽寮からの奏進が行われ、更に准三宮にも同様の待遇が与えられる場合があった(『貞信公記抄』)。
- Besides that, calendar presentation was made separately to chugu and togu by Onmyoryo and similar treatment was sometimes given to junsangu (according to 'Teishin koki-sho Extract').
- いっぽう明楽は、武士や儒学者などが集団で演奏・斉唱する雅楽であり、実演にあたっては高度な集団訓練と相当の経費を必要とした。
- On the other hand, Mingaku was Gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) that samurai or Confucian scholars played or sang in groups, and high-leveled group training and considerable expenses were necessary to play the music.
- だが、永徳2年(1382年)将軍である足利義満が左大臣に加えて院司の長である院執事に就任して伝奏以下を指揮することになった
- But in 1382, as the shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA took the post of In no shitsushi (steward of the retired emperor), which was the chief of Inshi (official of In no cho, or retired emperor's office) in addition to the post of Sadaijin (Minister of the left), he took the charge of administrating people of tenso status or below.
- しかし1868年、松平慶永らが「万国公法」を根拠に謁見を許可するよう上奏し、フランス・オランダ両公使の参内謁見がかなった。
- In 1868 however, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA and others proposed permission of audience on ground of 'Bankoku Koho' and ministers from France and the Netherlands were invited to the Imperial Court and had an audience with the Emperor.
- その後、長男安倍時親は天文密奏宣旨授与者、次男安倍章親は天文博士、3男安倍奉親は天文権博士と天文道に関する地位を独占した。
- The generation after Yoshihira dominated positions related to tenmondo: ABE no Tokichika, the first son of Yoshihira, received an imperial decree for tenmon misso (reporting unusual astronomical phenomena to the emperor); ABE no Akichika, the second son, became tenmon hakase (master of astronomy); and ABE no Norichika, the third son, became tenmon gon no hakase (assistant to tenmon hakase).
- 宮中三殿で行われる祭祀には、天皇が自ら祭典を斎行し、御告文を奏上する大祭と、掌典長が祭典を行い、天皇が拝礼する小祭がある。
- Court rituals which are performed in the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court consist of taisai (grand festivals), in which the Emperor himself conducts a ceremony and presents a message to the ancestors of the Imperial Family, and shosai (small festivals), in which the shoten-cho (the chief ritualist) conducts a ceremony and the Emperor bows his head in prayer.
- 天長3年9月6日 (旧暦)(826年10月10日)、清原夏野の奏上に基づき制定された(『類聚三代格』:親王任国太政官符)。
- This system was established on October 14, 826 based on sojo (report to the Emperor) made by KIYOHARA no Natsuno ('Ruiju Sandaikyaku': Shinno-ningoku Daijokanpu (the official document issued by Daijokan, Grand Council of the state)).
- なお、隊名は武家伝奏(当時は野宮定功と飛鳥井雅典)から賜ったという説と、会津藩主・松平容保から賜ったという二つの説がある。
- There are two stories regarding this name, one is that it was granted by Buke Denso (at that time, Sadaisa NOMIYA and Masanori ASUKAI), and the other is that it was granted by Katamori MATSUDAIRA, feudal lord of the Aizu Clan.
- 前半では笛と小鼓が特殊な手を奏する神楽部分3段、後半は神舞2段に変化する(直り)のが普通(巫女に神が乗り移った解釈)である。
- Ordinarily, the first half is composed of three kagura sections where fue and kotsuzumi play a special tune and the latter half is changed (fixed) into two kami mai sections (it is construed that the miko has been possessed by the goddess).
- ガス灯が灯され、軍楽隊が演奏する中、座元の守田勘彌 (12代目)、九代目團十郎をはじめとする歌舞伎役者は燕尾服で式に臨んだ。
- Surrounded by the lit gas lamps and performing military band in the background, Kabuki actors such as Kanya MORITA XII, the owner of the theatre, and Danjuro IX, who were dressed in tailcoats, attended the ceremony.
- 1935年に大倉喜七郎の希望により、フルート奏者平林が開発した楽器で、フルートの管体に尺八の吹口をつけた金属製の縦笛である。
- An okura-aulos is a metal-made tatebue, which was invented in 1935 by the flute player Hirabayashi in response to a request by Kihachiro OKURA, that consists of a flute pipe and a shakuhachi mouth.
- 女流に対して、男流はなんという? との疑問が予想されるが、演奏団体としては、近年世界遺産に登録された「文楽」(通称)がある。
- One could ask how Dan-ryu (gidayu performed by males) is called corresponding to Jo-ryu (gidayu performed by females), and the so-called 'Bunraku' which has recently been registered as a World Heritage will be the answer.
- 京都フィルハーモニー室内合奏団(きょうとフィルハーモーニーしつないがっそうだん)は、京都市を本拠地とするオーケストラである。
- Kyoto Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra is an orchestra based in Kyoto City.
- 「手事物」と呼ばれる、器楽性の高い楽曲形式(基本的に、前歌 - 手事 - 後唄の構成)が発達、演奏技巧も極限まで追求された。
- They developed a highly instrumental music style called 'tegoto mono' (composition of basically the first vocal section, an instrumental intermezzo, and the second vocal section), and sought for the instrumental technique to the ultimate level.
- 笏拍子の担当は音楽全体の調子を整える役目であるため、素人集団による演奏では一座の最も主だった人物が担当するのが普通であった。
- Since the player of shakubyoshi has a role of keeping rhythm in the whole music, the leading person in all players was usually in charge of shakubyoshi in amateur performances.
- どちらかというと、「キタ」は古くから伝わる曲、「ヒガシ」はそれにとどまらずに比較的新しく作られた曲も演奏していることが多い。
- The music styles of 'Kita' tend to be traditional ones, but the groups in 'Higashi' often perform music which is relatively newly composed.
- なお、崇光上皇と後光厳天皇が激しく対立した緒仁親王の立坊問題を巡って後光厳天皇は実子・緒仁の立坊を求める武家執奏を期待した。
- In addition, when the retired Emperor Suko and Emperor Gokogon were in conflict over the investiture of Imperial Prince Ohito, Emperor Gokogon expected bukeshisso to support his biological son Ohito's investiture as Crown Prince.
- 1591年3月3日(天正19年旧暦1月8日) 聚楽第において豊臣秀吉を前に、西洋音楽(ジョスカン・デ・プレの曲)を演奏する。
- February 1, 1591 - Played Western music (pieces of Josquin des Pres) in the presence of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI at Jurakudai residence.
- 勅使、院使は3月11日 (旧暦)(同年4月18日)に江戸に到着し、幕府の伝奏屋敷(現在の日本工業倶楽部がある辺り)に入った。
- The Imperial messengers and Inshi arrived in Edo on April 18 and entered the bakufu's residence for imperial messengers (current location of the Industry Club of Japan).
- 地域によってはそれだけでなく、「まがりと」もロングバージョンになっていたり、オリジナルの曲をも演奏したりしている場合がある。
- Sometimes even 'magarito' are played in long versions or original music is played depending on the regions.
- そして、国司苛政上訴が功を奏し、太政官の政策に影響を与え、国内の税率を固定化する「公田官物率法」が1040年代に制定された。
- Kokushi kasei joso was effective in having an effect on Daijokan's policies, resulting in the enactment of 'Koden kanmotsu rippo' (fixing a limit of 3 to of rice per tan of land) in 1040 for fixing the tax rates in Japan.
- テレビでは、NHKが開局した1953年2月の時点ではなかったが、1953年9月からやはり放送終了時に演奏されるようになった。
- On television, it was not in February 1953 when NHK began broadcasting, but, since September 1953, it started to perform at the end of the broadcasting day.
- 清楽の月琴は長崎経由で中国から輸入されたが、ほどなく日本国内でも模倣製作され、清楽以外の俗曲の演奏にも用いられるようになった。
- Gekkin for Xing-era Chinese music were imported from China through Nagasaki, but, later, it was manufactured in Japan imitating the Chinese instruments and it came to be used for performances of Japanese folk melody other than Xing-era Chinese music.
- 後者は伝承が廃絶し使われなくなったが、前者は後に中国及び日本においていくつもの種類が生じて発展し、多くは現代も演奏されている。
- The latter is not used any more because its tradition has not been carried on, but the former developed later and had increased the number of its variety in China and Japan and many are still played even today.
- また、中原氏に対する天文密奏宣旨も元永元年(1118年)の中原師安を最後に途絶え、安倍氏の人物に対してのみ出されることとなる。
- The imperial decrees of tenmon misso to the Nakahara clan ended with the one for NAKAHARA no Moroyasu in 1118, and were subsequently issued only to members of the Abe clan.
- こうして独奏楽器として、また三味線・胡弓合奏、箏・胡弓合奏、三曲合奏の1パートとして胡弓楽のジャンルが広がり発展することになる。
- In this way, Kokyu was not only used for playing music specialized for Kokyu alone, but also played together with Shamisen or So or as a part of Sangyoku-gasso, which expanded music genres where Kokyu was played and made Kokyu used more widely.
- 2008年(平成20年)、 前述の低糖・微糖・無糖コーヒーの需要拡大が功を奏し、2007年比1.5%増と久々に上昇傾向に転じた。
- In 2008, the market size of canned coffee took an upward turn thanks to the above-mentioned increase the demand for low-sugar, trace-sugar and sugar-free canned coffee and made an 1.5% increase compared with 2007.
- 現代では雅楽だけでなく、クラシック音楽の作曲家によって管弦楽や室内楽のなかで、あるいは声楽の伴奏楽器として活用されることもある。
- Today, the instrument is not only used in gagaku, but also used by classical music composers in orchestral music and chamber music, or as accompaniment for vocal music.
- このラバーブが後に中東及びイラン(ペルシャ)のシタールとなったという説がある(胡弓演奏家・原一男による「擦弦楽器奚琴起源説」)。
- There is a theory that the rabab developed into the sitar of the Middle East and Iran (Persia) ('Haegeum theory of the origin of bowed string instruments' by Kazuo HARA, a kokyu player).
- そのことが功を奏し、2001年シーズンは黒部光昭や松井大輔、朴智星といった若い力が台頭しJ2で優勝、1年でのJ1復帰を果たした。
- This being effective, in the 2001 season the young players like Teruaki KUROBE, Daisuke MATSUI and Ji-Sung PARK had emerged as leading members, and the team won the league title of J2 and achieved a comeback to J1 after only one year.
- 語源は、もともと邦楽において楽器の奏法、技法、パートなどを「手」と呼び、「歌」に対し、「手」のみで演じられる「事」から来ている。
- The word 'tegoto' is derived from the 'act' ('koto' in Japanese) of performing using only 'hands' ('te' in Japanese), which originally referred to a manner of performance, technique, or part by an instrument in traditional Japanese music.
- また「八千代獅子」「難波獅子」(継橋検校作曲)などでは、各段が同じ長さを持ち、ほとんど同じ旋律または変奏になっているものがある。
- Also, in pieces such as 'Yachiyojishi' and 'Naniwajishi' (by Kengyo TSUGUHASHI), the stages have the same length and consist of almost the same melodies or variations.
- だが、大隈の密奏も岩倉・井上毅の意見書も他の政府首脳には詳細が明かされなかったために、伊藤がこの事情を知ったのは6月末であった。
- However, because the details of the secret proposal made by Okuma and the written opinions by Iwakura and Inoue were not disclosed to government leaders, Ito finally came to know the situation at the end of June.
- 韓国併合に向けて着々と準備が進む中、1909年12月4日、突然韓国の一進会より「韓日合邦を要求する声明書」の上奏文が提出された。
- Isshin-kai in Korea suddenly presented a report to the throne, 'Statement calling for the annexation of Korea' on December 4, 1909, while preparations for the annexation of Korea were being made steadily.
- 途中、中川宮や正親町三条実愛らが孝明天皇に幟仁・熾仁両親王の赦免嘆願を上奏したが、孝明天皇はついにその勅勘を解かぬまま崩御した。
- Once Nakagawa no Miya and Sanenaru Ogimachi-SANJO asked Emperor Komei that Prince Taruhito and Takahito to be pardoned, however, the Emperor died without canceling their punishment.
- しかしそもそも吹奏楽は西洋のものであって、明治初年の日本ではなじみがなく、当初はNational anthemの訳語もなかった。
- As wind-instrument music originally belonged to the Occident, however, it was not accustomed in Japan in the beginning of the Meiji Period and, at first, there were no words to translate 'national anthem.'
- 特に表意的な内容はなく、その後に続くクセや舞事呂中干ノ地などの序奏的なものとして扱われる(したがって舞囃子などでは通常略される)。
- It has no special ideographical implication and it is treated as an introduction to kuse or mai-goto Ryochukan no ji following it (therefore, it is usually omitted in Maibayashi [an abbreviated style of Noh]).
- 糸倉が後ろに曲がり、多くは撥をもって弾奏されており、この「バルバット」と呼ばれる楽器が四弦系琵琶やウード、リュートの祖先とされる。
- Their pegboxes were bent backward and many were played with a plectrum and these instruments called barbat (an old Persian instrument) are said to be an ancestor of the four-stringed type of biwa, oud, or lute.
- 成親が召還され、事件処理に当たった時忠・信範が「奏事不実(奏上に事実でない点があった)」(『百錬抄』)の罪により解官・配流される。
- Narichika was recalled and, TAIRA no Tokitada and TAIRA no Nobunori, who were in charge of the case, were dismissed and exiled for 'reporting untrue to the Emperor' ('Hyakuren sho - History book from the Kamakura period).
- 老中堀田正睦はこれを京都の朝廷に上奏したが勅許を得られず、13代将軍徳川家定の将軍継嗣問題とも関係して南紀派、一橋派の抗争となる。
- Although the treaty was brought to the court in Kyoto by roju Masayoshi HOTTA, it was not signed due to a struggle of succession concerning the heir of the 13th shogun Iesada TOKUGAWA between the Nanki group (Yoshitomi loyalists from the Kishu-Tokugawa family) and the Hitotsubashi group (Yoshinobu loyalists from the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family).
- たとえば『万国公法』の翻訳認可を上奏した恭親王奕訢は、西欧列強側の外交要求を論破する根拠として『万国公法』を求めていたにすぎない。
- For example, Grand Prince Yixin, who asked permission from the throne to translate 'Bankoku Koho,' needed 'Bankoku Koho' only to enable him to refute the arguments made by powerful western countries in their diplomatic requests.
- しかし議奏に指名された公卿は頼朝との面識はなく、頼朝追討宣旨に賛同した実定が含まれるなど、必ずしも親鎌倉派という陣容ではなかった。
- However, kugyo who were appointed as giso kugyo had no personal acquaintance with Yoritomo, and Sanesada who approved of the Imperial order to hunt down and kill Yoritomo was included in the member, therefore the members were not necessarily pro-Shogunate forces.
- 養老律令の雑令には「秘書玄象条」があり、「若し微祥災異有らば、陰陽寮奏せよ。訖らば季別に封して中務省に送り、国史に入れよ」とある。
- The article 'hisho gensho no jo' in Zoryo (the Law on Miscellaneous Matters) of Yoro ritsuryo code (code promulgated in the Yoro period) states that 'Onmyoryo should report a good omen or bad omen observed, to the emperor. The reported documents should be gathered for each season, sealed, sent to the Ministry of Central Affairs, and recorded for national history.'
- 西洋楽器との合奏が増えるにつれ、これを更に平均律に近付けた「ドレミ調」篠笛、「みさと笛」(商標)等の「改良型篠笛」も開発されている。
- As the opportunity to play the shino-bue together with western musical instruments increases, 'improved versions of the shino-bue' with a musical score that is closer to the meantone temperament, such as the 'do re mi-like shino-bue' and the 'misato-bue flute' (trademark), have been developed.
- これはあくまで略式の演奏であるとされるが、特に大鼓のように道具の準備に時間のかかる楽器においてはすぐれた代替法として用いられている。
- Although this is just a simplified performance, it is used as an alternative method for playing instruments especially such as the Otsuzumi for which the preparation requires time.
- 昭和31年(1956年)を題材とした大阪の小説『泥の河』(宮本輝)に、福島天満宮における「へたり」での地車囃子の演奏が描かれている。
- In a novel 'Doro no kawa' (Muddy River) (written by Teru MIYAMOTO) set in Osaka in 1956, the performance of danjiri-bayashi in 'hetari' style at Fukushima-tenmangu Shrine is depicted.
- 琉球王国では、中国(明や清)から冊封使が来たとき、あるいは徳川将軍に謝恩使や慶賀使を送る「江戸上り」のとき、中国系の音楽を演奏した。
- Music with roots in China was performed in the Ryukyu kingdom when diplomatic missions arrived from China (Ming & Qing) or whenever missions of gratitude and congratulations (Edo nobori) were sent to Shogun Tokugawa.
- 箏曲の箏曲筑紫箏がすたれ、その曲の音色すら人々の心から忘れ去られてしまったとき、筑紫箏を奏でる琴が変化して妖怪となったものとされる。
- It is thought that Tsukushi goto (koto music from the Tsukushi area of Kyushu), one of sokyoku (koto music), has become obsolete, and when even its tone has been dismissed from people's minds, the koto which played the music of tsukushi goto transformed itself to a specter.
- 通常は基本の合竹による奏法が中心であるが、調子、音取、催馬楽、朗詠では一竹(いっちく:単音で旋律を奏すること)や特殊な合竹も用いる。
- The instrument is usually played using the basic aitake but icchiku (playing melody with single sound) and special aitake are used in choshi, netori, saibara and roei performances.
- 寛永の始めから寛文頃までがその全盛期で、僧形の芸人が門付け(門説経)や、街角に傘を立ててささら・鉦鼓・羯鼓を伴奏として興行を行った。
- It was at its height from the beginning of the Kanei era to the Kanbun era, and the performers in priestly attire showed the performances of kadotsuke (also called as kadozekkyo, which represents a performance in front of the gate of a house) or the performances with an umbrella stood on a street accompanied by sasara (a percussion instrument made of finely split bamboo and played by rubbing against a ridged rod), shoko (a small gong), and kakko (a small drum used in the Court music of Japan and hit with sticks at each end).
- 三弦が義爪を使って弾奏していたのを改め、三味線の弾奏に彼らが専門としていた「平曲(平家琵琶)」の撥を援用したのもそのあらわれである。
- It is expressed in the change of plucking method: sanxian was plucked with giso (a pick shaped like a nail), but shamisen was plucked with bachi for 'Heikyoku' (the music played on Heike biwa as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike monogatari) which they specialized in.
- 作風は流麗で、長い手事(器楽部)を持ち、三味線の技巧も凝ったものが多く、また歌にも力の入った曲が多くあり、現代でも好んで演奏される。
- His style was neat, had long instrumental parts and many of his shamisen techniques were elaborate and many of his songs were dynamic and are preferably played even now.
- 保守派の上奏文の中には『万国公法』をはじめとする西学書の廃棄・焚書を求めるものや、『万国公法』を異教の邪書と名指しするものもあった。
- In the report to the throne submitted by the conservatives, they requested to disposal and book burning of books on western studies including 'Bankoku Koho,' and there was a letter, which indicated 'Bankoku Koho' as an evil book originated from an alien religious.
- 第七条 事ノ軍機軍令ニ係リ奏上スルモノハ天皇ノ旨ニ依リ之ヲ内閣ニ下付セラルルノ件ヲ除ク外陸軍大臣海軍大臣ヨリ内閣総理大臣ニ報告スヘシ
- Article 7: In wartime, military strategy and orders shall be reported to the Emperor, and with the exception of any directives sent to the Cabinet by order of the Emperor, all such military decisions shall be reported to the Prime Minister by the Minister of the Army or Navy.
- このため治仁王の跡を継いだ貞成王に兄を毒殺した嫌疑がかけられたが、後小松上皇や4代将軍足利義持への弁明が功を奏して安堵を受けている。
- Prince Sadafusa who succeeded to his older brother, Prince Haruhito, was under the suspicion of killing his brother with poison, but he was released since the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu and the fourth Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA did a favor and made an alibi for Prince Sadafusa.
- 後に指揮者朝比奈隆の強い勧めによってソプラノと管弦楽のための作品へと改訂され、1969年の「大阪の秋」国際現代音楽祭で演奏されている。
- On the strong recommendation of a conductor, Takashi ASAHINA, the music was later revised to be for soprano and orchestral music, and it was played at 'Fall in Osaka' International Contemporary Music Festival in 1969.
- 作品の半数ほどは、八重崎検校が箏の手付をしており、八重崎の名アレンジにより、三味線・箏の合奏曲として更なる磨きがかかった音楽となった。
- In about half of his works, kengyo YAEZAKI played the so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) and by YAEZAKI's good arrangement his works became more sophisticated ones as ensembles of shamisen and koto.
- だが、それらの多くは、以下のように詩情といった点はともかく、『千鳥の曲』と共通点が多い(その他高低二重奏が多い点は『五段砧』に類似)。
- Most of these songs have many common points with 'Chidori no Kyoku' other than the poetical imagination (in addition, frequent use of duet in high and low tones is similar to 'Godanginuta') as follows:
- この頃には平曲は次第に下火になり、それに加え地歌三味線、箏曲、胡弓等の演奏家、作曲家としてや、鍼灸、按摩が当道座の主要な職分となった。
- Around this time, Heikyoku became gradually unpopular and the main jobs of Todo-za became the players or composers of jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music), sokyoku (koto music), kokyu (Chinese fiddle), acupunctures, and masseurs.
- (一方、賀茂氏側も暦道における自己の立場を主張し、鎌倉時代に入ると本来は陰陽頭が中心となる御暦奏の儀式において安倍氏が陰陽頭の場合には
- (Meanwhile, the Kamo clan also claimed their position in rekido: in the Kamakura period, when a member of the Abe clan was onmyo no kami, the Kamo clan insisted that the ceremony of goryaku no so (the annual presentation of the calendar to the emperor), which had been conducted mainly by onmyo no kami, should be conducted by reki hakase.
- また、歴代藩主の多くが若年寄や大坂加番、大番頭や奏者番などの要職を歴任したことも、かえって藩財政の出費を著しいものとする遠因となった。
- Even though many of the lords of the domain served important posts such as wakadoshiyori, Osaka-kaban (a secondary guard post of Osaka-jo Castle), Oban gashira (captains of the great guards) and sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies) one after another, such service only added further expense on top of the domain's suffering financial situation.
- シーズン中の鵜飼の安全と繁栄を祈願する神事である鵜飼安全祈願祭が行われた後、太鼓の演奏に見送られて次々と観覧船が川へと漕ぎ出して行く。
- After the ritual praying for the safety and prosperity of ukai during the season is held, spectator boats row out into the river one after another amid the performance of drums.
- 養老律令雑令造暦条に、陰陽寮(具体的には暦博士)が毎年予め来年の暦を作成して11月1日に中務省に送り、同省はそれを天皇に奏聞すること。
- An article on calendar making given in the Zoryo (Law on Miscellaneous Matters) of the Yoro Ritsuryo Code stipulate that Onmyoryo (more concretely Rekihakase) should make beforehand a New Year calendar and submit it to the Nakatsukasasho on every November 1st and that the Nakatsukasasho should present it to the Emperor.
- その後、義経が頼朝に許されることは無く、頼朝との対立が強まり、同年10月に後白河法皇に奏上して頼朝追討の宣旨を出させて挙兵するが失敗。
- Thereafter, Yoshitsune did not obtain Yoritomo's forgiveness, and their faceoff grew worse, until in November, Yoshitsune went to attend the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, who issued an Imperial decree that Yoritomo be hunted down and killed, whereupon Yoshitsune raised an army, but was defeated.
- 悠紀殿では、神饌を神に供し、告文を奏して神と直会(なおらい)、つまり神に献じた神饌を、天皇親ら(みずから)聞こし召す(食べる)のである。
- In the Yuki-den building, emperors present Shinsen (food and alcohol offering to the gods) and notify Imperial instructions to the god; they Naorai (feast) the god, or they eat the Shinsen, presented to the god, themselves.
- この場合、「初瀬琴」と呼ばれる弓奏のツィター属弦楽器が使われたことがあるが、現在ではほとんど使用されず、もっぱら胡弓を使用するようである。
- In this case, a zither-family stringed instrument called Hatsuse goto is sometimes used, but nowadays, Hatsuse is seldom used and it seems that Kokyu is mostly used instead.
- 曲によっては『鶴の巣籠』のように尺八楽との交流によって生まれたものもあるし、先の『千鳥の曲』のように箏との二重奏曲的性格の強いものもある。
- Some pieces of music for Kokyu, for example, 'Tsuru-no-Sugomori' (a song depicting various aspects of the life cycle of the crane), were composed through playing for Shakuhachi bamboo flute music, and there are also pieces of music provided strongly with features of duets for Kokyu and So, for example, 'Chidori no kyoku' described above.
- これは創作的な意図は含まず雅楽の旋律や音色を忠実にオーケストラで再現したもので、指揮者レオポルド・ストコフスキーによっても度々演奏された。
- This was a faithful recreation of gagaku melody and tune in orchestra with no creative intentions, and was performed frequently by the conductor, Leopold STOKOWSKY.
- 特に『千鳥の曲』は明治以降、箏曲としては名古屋系のみならず広く生田流各派、さらには山田流にも普及し、ほとんどの流派で演奏される曲となった。
- Especially 'Chidori no Kyoku' diffused as a koto music not only in the Nagoya line but also into various groups in Ikuta school, and even into Yamada school to be played in almost all schools in Meiji period and later.
- 光崎 検校(みつざき けんぎょう、生年不詳 - 1853年頃)は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家(地歌三味線、箏演奏家、作曲家)。
- Kengyo MITSUZAKI (year of birth unknown, but estimated around 1853) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).
- 文化頃に大阪の市浦検校が、地歌曲に箏の手付をする際、原曲の三味線の旋律とは違う旋律を工夫し(これを替手式箏曲と呼ぶ)、合奏の効果を高めた。
- Around the Bunka era, kengyo ICHIURA exercised his ingenuity in creating melodies differently from the shamisen melody of the original song when playing the koto for jiuta song (we call this 'kaede shiki sokyoku' (koto music with accompanying melody style)) and enhanced the ensemble effect.
- だが、騎馬隊を巧に用いた戦略が功を奏し、その年の12月25日 (旧暦)(1338年1月16日)には、斯波家長を攻め滅ぼして鎌倉を占領した。
- But due to his clever strategy of using cavalry, he already defeated Ienaga SHIBA and occupied Kamakura on January 16, 1338 of the same year.
- そして貞観13年8月25日 (旧暦)(871年9月13日)に奏進され、同年10月22日 (旧暦)(同年12月7日)の勅によって施行された。
- Then on September 13, 871, the Jogan-shiki Code was submitted to the Emperor, and on December 7 the same year it went into effect as an Imperial Ordinance.
- 稲葉正のぶ(まさのぶ)<従四位下。丹後守>【安永2年11月6日藩主就任-文化3年8月24日死去】〔奏者番。寺社奉行。大坂城代。京都所司代〕
- Masanobu INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 6, 1773 - died on August 24, 1806'[Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony), Jishabugyo (a magistrate of shrines and temples), Osaka Jodai (Keeper of Osaka Castle), Kyoto Shoshidai (the shogunate's military governor stationed in Kyoto)]
- 現在は京都コンサートホールで毎月1回の定期演奏会を開催しており、4管編成、自治体直営の利を活かして演奏機会の少ない曲を採り上げることも多い。
- At present, it gives a Subscription Concert once a month in the Kyoto Concert Hall and, taking advantage of its large modern orchestra and its direct management by a municipality, it also gives a lot of performances of works that otherwise would have little chance of being heard.
- 現在の日本で清楽を演奏する団体としては、東京の明清音楽研究会、長崎市の長崎明清楽保存会、神奈川県横須賀市のよこすか龍馬会・月琴部などがある。
- In present-day Japan, there are some groups that perform Shingaku music, such as the Association of the Study of Ming and Qing-era Chinese Music (in Tokyo), Nagasaki Association of the Preservation of the Ming and Qing-era Chinese Music (in Nagasaki City) and the gekkin section of Yokosuka Association of Ryoma (in Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture).
- 神輿の担ぎ手や山車の引き手にプロがいないのと同じように、氏子や檀家が祭りのために練習をし、祭りのときのみ演奏されてきたものが多いためである。
- Much as there are no professionals amongst the ranks of individuals who carry Mikoshi (portable shrines) at festivals or those who pull festival floats, parishioners and supporters practice for festivals and in many cases limit perform only to those festivals.
- これは当時の天文権博士和気久邦が伊予国に滞在中であり、天文密奏宣旨を受けた2名も技術が未熟であったために応急措置として与えられたものである。
- There were two reasons for this emergency appointment: the first was that the then tenmongon no hakuji (master of astronomy), WAKE Hisakuni (? 和気久邦), was in Iyo Province, and the second was that the two people who received imperial decrees of tenmon misso were not sufficiently skilled.
- 語部は、伴造(とものみやつこ)である語造(かたりべのみやつこ)氏に率いられ、朝廷の儀式の場で詞章(かたりごと)を奏することをその職掌とした。
- The kataribe's job was to recite verses for the ceremonies of the Imperial Court led by Kataribenomiyatsuko clan, who was a Tomonomiyatsuko (chief of various departments at the Imperial Court).
- 経顕の活動は10年余りであるがこの時期に朝幕交渉の具体的な手続などが整備され、「武家執奏」の職制と名称が定まり、文書にも登場するようになる。
- Tsuneaki did his duties for about 10 years, and during the period the procedures in relation to negotiations between the Court and the bakufu were established, and the office organization and name of 'bukeshisso' were consolidated, and the word bukeshisso began to appear in documents.
- 御暦奏(ごりゃくそう)とは、近代以前において毎年11月1日 (旧暦)に陰陽寮から中務省を経由して天皇に対して翌年の暦が奏進される儀式のこと。
- Goryakuso is a ceremony conducted during pre-modern periods, in which a Year calendar is presented on every November first (old lunar calendar) by Onmyoryo to the Emperor via Nakatsukasasho.
- 各大学の応援団旗が一斉に掲げられるオープニングに始まり、大学校歌・応援歌の合唱や、吹奏楽部、チアリーダー部による合同ステージなどで盛り上がる。
- With the opening of displaying flags of each university cheerleading club, the event warms up with chorus of school songs or cheerleading club's songs, and joint performances of brass band clubs or cheerleaders.
- また、たとえば箏曲「六段の調」に、吉沢の手付による胡弓パートが合奏される場合、特別に「長崎六段」と呼ばれるほど独自で技巧的な手付になっている。
- In addition, when, for example, Kokyu was played together with So in 'Rokudan no shirabe' (Music of Six Steps), a piece of music for So, using the music score written by Yoshizawa, it is specifically called 'Nagasaki Rokudan' because the score was so unique and needed such a high skill level to play.
- 結局、映像で伝える側も観る側も踊りを地車囃子のメインとしてとらえ、一方、演奏する側は親太鼓の派手なバチさばきを地車囃子のメインとしてとらえた。
- In fact, someone who films danjiri-bayashi for broadcast and who watches it perceive the dance as the main attraction of danjiri-bayashi; on the other hand, the people who perform it think that the showy drumstick-work is the feature of danjiri-bayashi.
- また、出囃子ではある程度以上の長さを備えた音楽的なまとまり部分(間奏部)を合方と呼び、「吾妻八景」や「鶴亀」といった標題がつけられる事が多い。
- Pieces of music of debayashi (an onstage ensemble) above a certain length (interlude) are also referred to as aikata, each of which is usually given a title like 'Azuma Hakkei' (The Eight Views of the East) and 'Tsuru Kame' (Crane and Turtle).
- 箏の独奏で行なわれることも多い一方、吉沢本人が胡弓パートに類似した箏の替手も作っており、箏の本手、替手による合奏が流派を越えてよく行なわれる。
- While it is often performed by koto solo, Yoshizawa himself composed a kaede (accompanying melody) of koto resembling a kokyu part, and an ensemble of honte (melody part) and kaede by koto is often performed beyond the border of schools.
- 「天文道は天文密奏、暦道は御暦奏を掌る」という独自の論理を主張して安倍氏の陰陽頭を排除して賀茂氏の暦博士が中心となって行うようになっていった。
- Saying, 'Tenmondo should deal with tenmon misso and rekido should handle goryaku no so', they excluded the Abe clan's onmyo no kami from the ceremony, changing the tradition.
- 後は明治天皇に上奏し勅裁を仰ぐのみであったが、この事態にどちらかと言えば反対派であった太政大臣の三条実美が10月17日に倒れ、人事不省に陥る。
- They only needed to report it to the Emperor Meiji and ask for the imperial decision, but the Dajodaijin (Grand Minister) Sanetomi SANJO who was more than likely on the opponent side was taken with illness on the October 17, lapsed into a coma.
- また、外記で天文密奏の資格も有した中原氏には諸道勘文を採録した「諸道勘文」200巻と「続諸道勘文」(巻数不明)が伝えられていたと言われている。
- It was said that 200 volumes of 'Shodo kanmon' (written reports by various scholars from Daigaku-ryo and Onmyo-ryo) and 'Zoku shodo kanmon' (its number of volumes is unclear) were inherited by the Nakahara clan, which had the qualification of Tenmon misso at Geki.
- もう1つの「武家執奏」の意味として、北朝の勅裁である治天の君の院宣や親政時における天皇の勅旨を室町幕府に伝達する役目を担う公家のことを指した。
- Bukeshisso,' taking the other meaning, indicated the court noble who was in charge of conveying Chiten no kimi's inzen (decree from the retired Emperor) which was the imperial decision by the Northern Court or the emperor's Imperial order at the time of direct imperial rule to the Muromachi bakufu.
- 太政官は解の内容に意見を付す場合もあるが、基本的には「太政官謹奏」の後に解の記述がそのまま奏文として記載され、最後に議政官の署名で締められる。
- Though Daijokan could add any opinion on the document of Soji, it basically had an opening sentence 'Daijokan kashiko mosu' ('The Grand Council has much pleasure in this writing'), being followed by the contents of Ge document, and finally closed by signatures of legislatures.
- 近代は天皇は年齢にかかわらず長飾りつきの菊の置紋、皇族は菊のみ、即位での臣下のうち、奏任官・高等官以上は五七桐、伊勢神宮では飛鶴が用いられた。
- After the Meiji period, emperors used fans with heraldry of the Chrysanthemum with Nagakazari regardless of their ages; the Imperial family used the Chrysanthemum only; among retainers by enthronement, those of the offices originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister and senior officials or higher used the crest of goshichi no kiri (literally, five seven paulownia); and at the Ise-jingu Shrine, the crest of flying cranes was used.
- 旋律といっても、祭囃子用の篠笛は演奏と作成の容易さを優先して指孔が等間隔に開けられているものが多く、邦楽の音階にも洋楽の音階にも当てはまらない。
- The shino-bue that is played for matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music for festivals) has finger holes that are equally spaced, making it easier to make as well as to play; however, the musical scale of the shino-bue does not conform to that of Japanese or Western music.
- 薩摩藩は、江戸までの街道ぞいの人々に「路次楽」を聴かせ、将軍以下の江戸幕府の要人たちに「御座楽」の演奏を聴かせることで、自藩の支配力を顕示した。
- The Satsuma clan would often play 'Rujigaku (lit. route music)' for people along the road to Edo and 'Uzagaku (lit. seated music)' for important people in the Edo shogunate below the status of Shogun as a show of power.
- また、無伴奏が基本であるが、琴や尺八による伴奏を付けることもあり、21世紀初頭には、あらかじめ録音されたコンパクトディスクによる伴奏も普及した。
- Also, ginei is basically unaccompanied, but is sometimes accompanied by koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) or shakuhachi bamboo flute and during the early 21st century the accompaniment by the recorded compact disc was also widely used.
- 薩摩琵琶では歌(語り)と楽器は交互に奏されるが、筑前琵琶の音楽には三味線音楽の要素が取り入れられており、歌いながら琵琶の伴奏を入れる部分がある。
- In Satsuma biwa music, songs (narrative parts) and the instrument were played alternately while the music of the Chikuzen biwa took in the musical elements of shamisen and had a part of biwa as accompaniment for songs.
- 現代の代表的な三味線奏者としては内海英華、かつら枝代(2代目枝雀の妻)、林家和女(林家小染 (5代目)の妻、桂あやめ (3代目)の姉)らがいる。
- Current leading shamisen players include Eika UTSUMI, Shiyo KATSURA (the wife of Shijaku II), Kazume HAYASHIYA (the wife of Kosome HAYASHIYA (V) and the elder sister of Ayame KATSURA (III)).
- 初代藩主・朽木稙昌の父・朽木稙綱 (土浦藩主)は徳川家光のもとで御小姓番頭、奏者番を務め、常陸土浦に3万石を与えられ、譜代大名として厚遇された。
- The first lord, Tanemasa KUTSUKI's father, Uetsuna KUTSUKI (the lord of the Tsuchiura Domain) who served as Okosho Bangashira (the chief of the bodyguard of the Shogun) and Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies) under Iemitsu TOKUGAWA was treated well as a fudai daimyo (a hereditary daimyo) with an award of 30,000 koku in Hitachi Tsuchiura.
- この「下座音楽」の演奏者は「黒御簾」(くろみす)という黒いスダレの後ろに隠れ、舞台の役者の様子を覗いながら演奏するので「黒御簾音楽」とも呼ばれる。
- Geza ongaku is also called 'kuromisu' (black bamboo screen) music because the performer plays while hidden behind a black bamboo screen called a 'kuromisu' from where he peeks at the actions of the actors on the stage while playing.
- またそれに合奏させるべく、「替手式箏曲(原曲の三味線と合奏するために作られた対旋律を持つ箏曲)」が作られ、非常に複雑精緻な音楽が作り出されていた。
- They also composed 'kaede shiki sokyoku' (koto music with accompanying melody composed to be played with an original shamisen music) to play to tegoto mono, thus extremely complicated and delicate music was produced.
- たとえば、人形浄瑠璃及び歌舞伎の伴奏音楽である義太夫節では、「阿古屋の琴責め」が有名であり、ここでは地歌三味線、箏、胡弓の三曲がすべて演奏される。
- For example, among the gidayu-bushi, accompaniment for ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater) and kabuki (traditional Japanese drama), 'Akoya-no-kotozeme' is the most famous, and the sankyoku of jiuta shamisen, so and kokyu are all played in it.
- ところが徳川慶喜は山内容堂の進言を受け入れ、前日在京諸藩士の前で大政奉還を宣言しており(14日に朝廷に奏請)、討幕派は大義名分を失うこととなった。
- However, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA had already accepted the way Yodo YAMAUCHI suggested, and had announced the restoration of power to the emperor in front of members of various clans of Kyoto (the petition to the Emperor was made on October 14), and the anti-shogunate group lost the legitimate reason to attack the bakufu.
- 元々は平曲を演奏する琵琶法師の称号として呼ばれた「検校(けんぎょう)」、「別当(べっとう)」、「勾当(こうとう)」、「座頭(ざとう)」に由来する。
- The word was originally one of the titles for biwa-playing minstrels who played Heikyoku (a narrative which features the Tale of the Heike playing Biwa music): 'Kengyo' (the highest title of the official ranks within the Todo-za), 'Betto' (superintendent), 'Koto' (the third title of the official ranks within the Todo-za), and 'Zato.'
- 随行員に命じて顛末を急いで書きまとめさせ、東京の明治天皇の元へ電報で上奏するとともに、ロシア側に誠意を見せるため天皇の京都への緊急行幸を要請した。
- He ordered his escort person to make a report on this incident and sent it to Emperor Meiji by telegraph, and also requested that the emperor should visit Kyoto as soon as possible in order to show sincerity toward Russia.
- 前者は執権あるいは六波羅探題に内々に直訴するものであり、奏事は評定衆・引付衆・越訴奉行らに取り上げられなかった訴えを幕府に直接訴えるものであった。
- The former was one by which people were allowed to appeal directly to Shikken (regent) or Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) and the latter was one by which people were allowed to directly appeal to bakufu in case their appeals were dismissed by Hyojoshu/Hikitsukeshu (coadjustor of the High Court)/Ossobugyo (temporary positions in charge of retrials and accepting appeals in Kamakura bakufu).
- 江戸時代前期の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて江戸幕府との交渉に活躍し、江戸時代中期の柳原光綱も、議奏と武家伝奏に就任した。
- A cousin of Emperor Reigen, Sukekado YANAGIWARA was a buke tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the military government) who lived during the early Edo period and successfully served in negotiations with the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); Mitsutsuna YANAGIWARA, who lived during the mid-Edo period, not only served as a buke tenso, but also as a giso (one who conveys to the Emperor the decisions of the congress).
- 本来は胡弓と箏の合奏曲であるが、胡弓奏者がきわめて少ないため、吉沢検校直系の音楽団体である「国風音楽会」以外では、胡弓入り合奏はあまり行なわれない。
- It was originally an ensemble of kokyu and koto, but an ensemble with kokyu is seldom performed except by 'Kokufu Ongaku Kai' (the Traditional Japanese Music Association), a music association in the direct line of Yoshizawa Kengyo, because there are very few kokyu players.
- 筑前琵琶は明治時代中期に筑前盲僧琵琶奏者の橘智定(たちばなちじょう)が薩摩で薩摩琵琶を研究して帰り、筑前盲僧琵琶を改良、新しい琵琶音楽を作り出した。
- Chijo TACHIBANA, a moso-biwa player in Chikuzen, remodeled the Chikuzen moso-biwa after he studied the Satsuma biwa in Satsuma and created new biwa music in the middle of the Meiji period.
- 日本の伊藤博文内閣は議会との激しい対立(5月30日、内閣弾劾上奏案可決)により政治的に行き詰まっており、対外的に強硬にでて事態打開をはかろうとした。
- The Japanese Hirobumi ITO cabinet had run out of policies during the fierce confrontation with the Diet (because the bill of the cabinet impeachment report to the throne was adopted on May 30) and tried to break the deadlock by resorting to an external hard-line policy.
- その形態は、冒頭の次第もしくはワキの名乗から道行などまでのワキを中心とする段を演じた後、前場の残りの部分を略し、待謡以降を演奏するといったものである。
- The style of 'Han-Noh' shortens 'Maeba' scenes after initial 'shidai' (one of component parts of a Noh play) or 'dan' (a section) including 'nanori' (announcement of one's name) and 'michiyuki' (going on a road) of 'Waki' (supporting actor), and performs scenes after machi-utai (a song sung by a waki in the middle of a noh play).
- やがて芸術音楽として確立されるに従い、地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽は独自の楽曲を持つようになり、合奏されることのない、それぞれ独立した別個の音楽として成立した。
- As they were being established as art music, jiuta, so-kyoku and kokyu-gaku each came to retain their own musical composition; each of them became established as a different genre of music.
- 雅楽の楽器を伴奏に使う場合のみ、雅楽の謡物に該当する(宮内庁式部職楽部のレパートリーには入らないが、民間の雅楽団体のレパートリーには入る場合が多い)。
- Etenraku Imayo falls under utaimono (utai [Noh chant] piece for recitation) of gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) only when accompanied with gagaku instruments; the repertoire of the Music Department of Imperial Household Agency does not include Etenraku Imayo, but that of private gagaku groups often includes Etenraku Imayo.
- 歌舞伎音楽は通常、竹本を除けば下手の黒御簾の中で演奏される(下座音楽)が、所作事(歌舞伎舞踊)の場合に、舞台に山台を置き、その上で演奏することがある。
- The music for kabuki is usually played behind a black bamboo screen on the side of the stage (geza music) except for Takemoto (gidayu) or on top of the raised platform at a stage for Kabuki Dance.
- 武家執奏(ぶけしっそう)とは、武家政権である室町幕府と公家政権である北朝 (日本)(朝廷)の公武関係(朝幕関係)に関連する用語で次の2つの意味がある。
- Bukeshisso is a term that relates to the Court-Bakufu (the Imperial Court and Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) relationship between the Muromachi bakufu and the Northern Court in Japan (the court noble government), and the term has the two following meanings:
- 弘仁格抄(こうにんきゃくしょう)とは、弘仁格に採録された個々の詔・勅・官符・官奏の要旨と発出された年月日を掲載された順序に従って、抄出したものである。
- The 'Koninkyaku-sho'contains extracts of all the Imperial rescripts, official documents from the Grand Council of State, and formal petitions to the Emperor that were compiled in the Konin-kyaku Code, and is arranged in order of the date they were listed, together with a brief overview of the point.
- 大宝 (日本)元年(701年)から弘仁10年(819年)までの119年間に施行された詔・勅・官符・官奏などのうち重要なものを関連する官司別に編纂した。
- The most important of the Imperial rescripts, official documents from the State Council, and formal petitions to the Emperor that were enforced for 119 years (from 701 to 819) were compiled by the the respective government officials.
- 山手・浜手の二手に分けて攻め入る方法が功を奏し、大きな損害もなく紀伊に攻め入った信長は、3月1日に雑賀衆の一人である鈴木孫一の居城を包囲し攻め立てた。
- Entering Kii without big loss thanks to divided forces into a mountain-side group and a shore-side group, Nobunaga sieged and attacked the castle of Magoichi SUZUKI, one of the Saikashu on March 30.
- 臨時発兵とは、群盗海賊の発生に際し、国司からの奏上に応じて「発兵勅符」を国司へ交付し、国司は勅符に基づき国内の兵を発して群盗海賊を制圧する方式を指す。
- Rinji-hatsuhei indicated the following system: When an act of robbery or piracy occurred, the Imperial Court issued 'hatsuhei-chokufu' (an imperial order authorizing the mobilization of soldiers) corresponding to a request from a kokushi, and the kokushi sent soldiers in the province to combat the robbers or pirates.
- 曲中の器楽部としては、手事の他に「合の手」(あいのて)があり、これは手事ほどの長さを有しない短いものを指し、様々な声楽曲に見られる間奏と同じものである。
- Another part of instrumental music in a piece other than tegoto is 'ainote;' ainote refers to a part which is not as long as tegoto and which is the same as the interlude often found in various vocal music pieces.
- 御仮床又は入御之節は、国務大臣御内儀に於て拝謁被仰付事 但書面又は出仕等の伝奏にては到底事情を難尽、為めに機務を処理するに於て往々機会を失する虞有之候事
- When the Emperor is ill in bed or stays in the Imperial Palace, Minister of State may be allowed to have audience with the Emperor at the Imperial Palace.It is very difficult to relay messages in writing or by supernumerary government officials and it may well ruin the opportunity to accomplish important duties.
- 大きな地車を擁する北河内(皮肉なことに「ヒガシ」よりも東方)に、この流派の囃子を継承し、さらにそれをもとに独自の囃子をまじえて演奏しているところが多い。
- In Kitakawachi (ironically, it is placed further east than the 'Higashi' region) which possesses a big danjiri, many groups inherit the danjiri-bayashi of this style, and moreover, perform combining original hayashi based on it.
- さらにここの見学者は希望により大正琴の演奏を体験でき、これをきっかけに本格的に大正琴を習い始めたい場合はスタッフが全国各地の琴伝流講師陣を紹介してくれる。
- Visitors to this place, if they wish, will have an opportunity to perform taishogoto, and if visitors want to start learning taishogoto, the staff will introduce instructors of Kinden school from various places nationwide.
- いずれにせよ、高度経済成長の途上では地車を修理する予算がない場合もあり、それだけではないせよ、「へたり」のみで演奏をおこなう保存会や講・連が増えていった。
- At any rate, preservation societies, Ko and Ren that perform danjiri-bayashi only in the form of 'hetari' were on the increase for various reasons, such as that they sometimes didn't have enough money to repair their danjiri in the high economic growth.
- 江戸初期の手法を取り入れたり、『七小町』や『三津山』など能に取材した曲もあり、また作品の一つ『五段砧』はきわめて複雑精緻に作られた箏の高低二重奏曲である。
- He incorporated the technique of the early Edo period, composed 'Nanakomachi' (Seven Komachi) or 'Mitsuyama' by researching noh and one of his works called 'Godanginuda koto music' is extremely complicated, elaborate, high-low koto duet.
- また、上奏権や建議権が限定付きながら与えられた(最終的には天皇の裁可と国務大臣の副署が必要であったが、建議権を通じた事実上の政策への関与が可能とされた)。
- And the Imperial Diet was also given limited rights to report and make proposals to the emperor (They could participate in politics using the right to make proposal to the emperor even though they needed to obtain approval of the emperor and countersignature of Minister of State when making a final decision.)
- さらに東京に出て発明特許を得て、1888年(明治21年)12月には皇太后の、1889年(明治22年)4月には皇后の御前演奏の栄誉を得て、一時流行したという。
- It is also said that he moved to Tokyo to receive a patent for his invention, and was honored with Command Performance for the Empress Dowager in December 1888 and the Empress in April 1889, which made Chikkin become popular for a while.
- 中国本土には、御座楽で演奏されたのと同じ楽曲が現存しているはずであるが、御座楽のどの曲が中国本土のどの曲にあたるかについては、目下、学者たちが研究中である。
- There is apparently music identical to Uzagaku still performed on mainland China although, at the moment, academics are researching which Uzagaku correspond to which pieces from the Chinese mainland.
- もともと奈良時代に日本に伝わった時点では、日本の笙もパイプのような吹き口が付属していたが、現在ではそれをはずし、直接胴に口をあてて演奏する形に変わっている。
- When first introduced to Japan during the Nara period, the Japanese sho also had a pipe-like mouthpiece but this has since been removed and the instrument is now played by placing the mouth directly on the body.
- 五人囃子は能の囃子を奏でる5人の楽人をあらわし、それぞれ「太鼓」「大皮」「小鼓」「笛」「謡」である(能囃子の代わりに5人、又は7人の雅楽の楽人の場合もある)
- The gonin-bayashi represent five musicians for playing the percussion ensemble for the Noh drama), respectively: their parts are the taiko (stick drum), the okawa (slide hand drum), the kotsuzumi (shoulder drum), the fue (Japanese flute), and the utai (chant) (in some cases, five or seven ancient court musicians are displayed in place of the Noh hayashi musicians.)
- 老夫婦の見事な演奏を聴いた師長は、日本に自分ほどの琵琶の名手はいないと自惚れていたことを恥じ、塩屋をこっそり抜け出し帰ろうとするが、老夫婦に引き留められる。
- Listening to the elderly couple's admirable performance, Moronaga felt ashamed for having flattered himself to think that he was the best biwa player in Japan, and tried to sneak out of the shioya in secret, but the elderly couple stopped him.
- これは、地車囃子が「地車」という山車と一体化していた証拠となるもので、演奏のテンポを下げたり上げたりして、まるで地車を曳行しているかのような演奏がなされる。
- The rhythm known as Ji shows that danjiri-bayashi used to be integrated with a festival car (float) called 'danjiri,' and it is played as if the danjiri was drawn together, with the tempo of the performance lifting and dropping.
- 「内閣総理大臣ハ各大臣ノ首班トシテ機務ヲ奏宣シ旨ヲ承ケテ行政各部ノ統一ヲ保持ス」(2条)と定めていたが、この「首班」とは「同輩中の首席」を意味すると解された。
- The Naikaku-kansei stipulated that 'as the head among the ministers, the Prime Minister shall report affairs of state to the Emperor, receive the Emperor's instructions, and maintain unity among the different branches of the administration' (Article no. 2), but the abovementioned 'head' meant simply 'prima inter pares' (first among equals).
- のちに、中島雅楽之都(なかしまうたしと(1896年 - 1979年)箏曲家・正派邦楽会の創始者)が、千鳥の曲に合奏できる箏曲『四方(よも)の海』を作曲している。
- Utashito NAKASHIMA (1896 - 1979, a koto musician and founder of Seiha Hogaku Kai) later composed 'Yomo no Umi' (the sea all around) which can be played ensemble with Chidori no Kyoku.
- しかし「江戸幕府日記」を詳細に検討した藤井譲治は、寛永12年12月3日に伝奏屋敷で「寄合」が行われたことを明らかにしている(『江戸幕府老中制形成過程の研究』)。
- However, Joji FUJII, who studied the 'Daily records of the Edo bakufu' in detail, pointed out that 'Yoriai' (a meeting) had taken place in the denso-yashiki on December 3, 1636 ('Studies of the process of the formation of the roju system in the Edo Shogunate').
- その後、頼経・藤原頼嗣親子が将軍職を継承するが、1252年に北条時頼らの奏請により、後嵯峨天皇の第1庶皇子である宗尊親王を将軍として鎌倉に迎え入れることとなる。
- Thereafter, FUJIWARA no Yoritsune and his son, FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu succeeded the shogunship, but would have Imperial Prince Munetaka, the first prince of Emperor Gosaga to Kamakura as a Shogun following the requests of Tokiyori HOJO in 1252.
- 近衛は病弱で子もいなかったことから、仁平3年(1153年)関白・忠通が鳥羽法皇に孫王への譲位を奏請し、美福門院も崇徳の院政への危惧から孫王の擁立に傾いていった。
- Because Emperor Konoe was not well and had no children, the chancellor (chief advisor to the emperor), Tadamichi, asked the approval of the Cloistered Emperor Toba for Sonno (the grandson of the Emperor) to succeed the throne in 1153; Bifuku mon in also supported it, since she was concerned about Emperor Sutoku starting his cloister government.
- 地方の人形芝居や祭りの囃子など民俗芸能に使われることもあり、かつて地方によっては農民の冬の副業として、また瞽女(ごぜ)によって、門付として演奏されることもあった。
- Kokyu is sometimes used in traditional local attractions, such as puppet shows and hayashi (music performed with traditional Japanese instruments for making the atmosphere cheerful) in festivals, and in some areas, Kokyu was played in the past by farmers as one of their side jobs or by Goze (blind female musicians) as Kadotsuke (performance in front of the gate of houses).
- これを台の上に置き、三弦は三味線と同じように調律し、演奏法は八雲琴に似て左手中指に翠管をはめて弦を押さえ、右手人差し指に斜めに切った鳳爪という管をはめて弦を弾く。
- After setting Chikkin on a stand and tuning three strings in the same way as Shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo), it is played by holding the strings down with suikan (a green pipe) fitted on the middle finger of the left hand and plucking the strings with a diagonally-cut pick called otoritsume fitted on the forefinger of the right hand, in a similar manner to Yagumo-goto.
- 能管、小鼓、大鼓によって奏される働事には「カケリ」(翔)、「イロエ」(彩色)、「斬組」、「立廻り」(ハタラキともいう。また立廻りには太鼓入りもある)の四種がある。
- There are four kinds of hataraki-goto that are played on nohkan, kotsuzumi, and otsuzumi: 'kakeri' (a type of action piece in Noh, hataraki danced about the ghosts of warriors, shura-mono or mad people, kyoran-mono to depict suffering or distraction), 'iroe' (shosa, a conduct of Noh, short dance of the shite, a main role making the circuit of the stage silently before kuse), 'kirikumi,' and 'tachimawari' (also called hataraki and the stick drum is used in some tachimawari).
- それを師の浦崎検校が受けて発展させたが、更に八重崎がより工夫、洗練させ、松浦検校や菊岡検校が完成させた京流手事物を、合奏音楽として更に音楽的価値の高いものとした。
- His master Kengyo URASAKI took over and developed it, but YAEZAKI himself devised and refined it further and made Kyoto-style tegotomono (a form of Japanese chamber music) which kengyo MATSUURA or kengyo KIKUOKA had completed an ensemble music which had a higher musical value.
- 土佐藩からの建言もあって、第15代将軍徳川慶喜は公議政体論に基づき、慶応3年10月14日 (旧暦)(1867年11月9日)に大政奉還を上奏した(翌15日に勅許)。
- On November 9 1967, under the advice of Tosa Domain, the 15th Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA brought news to the court of the Taisei Hokan (Restoration of Imperial rule based on the principle of parliamentary regime) which received Imperial sanction the following day.
- その後は治天の君に近侍する伝奏が直接自分達の上司でもある将軍・足利義満に伝達し、義満もしくは奉行などの幕府役人の意向も伝奏を経由して治天の君・天皇に取り次がれた。
- After that, the tenso who served the Chiten no kimi directly conveyed the messages to the shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who was his superior, and the intention of Yoshimitsu or the bakufu officials including bugyo (magistrate) was in return relayed to Chiten no kimi or the Emperor through the tenso.
- 天文博士の職掌は、天体を観察し異変があればその吉凶を占って密封して奏聞する(これを天文密奏という)こと、及び天文生に天体を観察し吉凶を占う方法を教えることだった。
- Tenmon hakase observed the celestial bodies and reported in fortune-telling, which was sealed if there was any unusual event (it's called tenmon misso), and also taught the students the way of fortune-telling through astronomical observation.
- ところが、戸水は金井・寺尾と連名でポーツマス条約に反対する上奏文を宮内省に対して提出したため、久保田は東京帝国大学総長の山川健次郎を依願免職の形で事実上更迭した。
- However, Kubota virtually replaced President of Tokyo Imperial University Kenjiro YAMAKAWA in the form of dismissal at his request because Tomizu submitted a report against Treaty of Portsmouth in the joint names with Kanai and Terao to the throne.
- 後嵯峨院は、奏事(弁官や蔵人による奏上)を取り次ぐ役職である伝奏の制度化、そして院が評定衆とともに相論(訴訟)裁許に当たる院評定を確立し、院政の機能強化に努めた。
- Gosaga-in strengthened the function of insei by formalizing the system of delivery, which was a position for the delivery of reports from Benkan (弁官) and Kurodo (蔵人) to the Emperor, and by establishing In-no-hyojo, where the In, together with Hyojo-shu, participated in decision/permission regarding lawsuits.
- 佐佐木信綱が記した『竹柏漫筆』によると明治天皇が関西へ行幸する際、フランス軍から天皇行幸に際して演奏すべき日本の国歌を教えてほしいという申し出が日本海軍へあった。
- According to 'Chikuhaku Manpitsu' by Nobutsuna SASAKI, on the occasion of Emperor Meiji's visit to Kansai, the French Army requested the Imperial Japanese Navy to teach them Japan's National Anthem in order to play on the occasion of the Emperor's visit.
- 「幾夜寝覚めぬ須磨の関守」で次第に早くなり、間奏部で最後の盛り上がりを見せ、もう一度「幾夜寝覚めぬ」が一回目とは違う旋律で現れ、「須磨の関守」でしだいに静かになる。
- Gradually picking up the tempo in the section of 'ikuyo nesamenu suma no sekimori,' the final climax is played at an intermezzo, 'ikuyo nesamenu' appears again on a melody different from the first time, and then the sound gradually becomes in 'suma no sekimori.'
- 永徳元年(1384年)に後円融天皇が三条公忠に充てた書簡の中で「執奏之下、無沙汰者、可為公家御咎也」と記し、武家執奏に従わないことは公家の咎になる現状を嘆いている。
- In his letter to Kimitada SANJO in 1384, Emperor Goenyu wrote '執奏之下,無沙汰者,可為公家御咎也' and lamented the situation that not to obey the bukeshisso led to court nobles' sin.
- 表向きは健康上の問題によるとされたが、山縣有朋が「事件は社会主義者に対する融和の結果発生した。これは西園寺内閣の失策である」と奏上したのが直接の原因といわれている。
- The official reason of the resignation was Saionji's failing health, but it is said that the direct cause of the resignation was Arimoto YAMAGATA's report to the Emperor that said 'The incident occurred as a result of a move to reconcile with socialists by the Saionji's cabinet, so it was a blunder by the cabinet.'
- 題名の絃上は村上天皇愛用の琵琶の名称であり、曲中でも度々琵琶を演奏している場面があるが、舞台の上では演奏は抽象化されており、特殊な演出を除いて実際に弾くことはない。
- The title, Genjo, was the name for biwa (Japanese lute) which was regularly used by Emperor Murakami who plays it repeatedly in the song; however, music is abstracted on the stage and instruments are not actually played except in special renditions.
- しかし胡弓は本来三曲の楽器であり、現在でも胡弓楽は伝承されているし、胡弓入り三曲合奏も引き続き行われているので、三曲から胡弓を除いたり過去のものにするのは不当である。
- It is inappropriate, however, to exclude kokyu from sankyoku and to regard it as a thing of the past because kokyu was originally one of the instruments of sankyoku, kokyu-gaku is still passed down, and the sankyoku gasso with kokyu is still played.
- そこで村田三介は三将に寡兵が随従する策を、野村忍介は野村自身が寡兵を率いて海路で小浜に出て、そこから陸路で京都に行き、行幸で京都にいる天皇に直接上奏する策を主張した。
- Then, Sansuke MURATA said that a small army should accompany the three leaders, whereas Oshisuke NOMURA said that he would lead a small army to Obama by sea and from there to Kyoto by land to directly report the matters to the Emperor who would be there for an imperial visit.
- 3月14日 (旧暦)(4月21日)、この日は勅使、院使が江戸城に登城して将軍綱吉が先の勅宣と院宣に対して返事を奏上するという奉答の儀式が執り行われる予定になっていた。
- On April 21, there was supposed to be a ceremony in which Shogun Tsunayoshi giving his response to a messages delivered from the Imperial messengers and Inshi after their arrival to Edo-jo Castle.
- 民俗文化財(みんぞくぶんかざい)とは、民俗資料のうち、とくに資料性が高く、保存措置が必要だったり、あるいは、保存のための措置や施策が功を奏すると期待される資料である。
- Folk-cultural properties refer to material folk-culture with a particularly high value which require preservation measures, or measures or rules for such preservation are expected to be effective.
- 『後二条師通記』永長元年8月13日_(旧暦)条(嘉保3年/1096年9月2日)によれば、8月に入って夜空に流星が見えて人々が大騒ぎをしているのに、天文密奏が無かった。
- According to the entry of 'Gonijo Moromichi ki' (Diary of FUJIWARA no Moromichi) for September 8, 1096, people were terribly frightened at the sight of a meteor streaking across the night sky in August, yet no tenmon misso was done.
- 主に北関東の山車祭りにおいては祭囃子の奏者、御輿の担ぎ手、山車の引き手となる少年少女が厚化粧をする場合が多い(浜松まつり(浜松市)も同様)(南関東は素顔の場合が多い)。
- Mainly in the Northern Kanto region, boys and girls who take part in dashi matsuri (float festival) as players of matsuri-bayashi (Japanese festival music), carriers of mikoshi (a portable shrine), and haulers of dashi (a float) often wear atsugesho (the same as with Hamamatsu Matsuri (Hamamatsu City)) (in the Southern Kanto region they usually do not wear makeup).
- そこで、三線の名工で胡弓演奏家としても著名であった又吉真栄が低音用の弦を新たに設けた四弦胡弓を開発し、普及させた(三弦胡弓では1オクターブ上の音を弾いて代用していた)。
- Therefore, Shinei MATAYOSHI, who was an expert of manufacturing Sanshin and was also famous as a Kucho player, developed four-stringed Kucho provided with a string for bass part additionally and made the instrument used widely (with three-stringed Kucho, the scores of these lower tones were played raised by an octave).
- 天文密奏の詳細は、仁安 (日本)元年(1166年)に奏上された陰陽助賀茂泰親・天文博士安倍業俊の連署の二十数通の天文密奏を集成した『安倍泰親朝臣記』で見ることができる。
- The details of tenmonmisso are written in the compilation of more than 20 tenmonmisso 'Abe no Yasuchika Asonki,' as reported with the signatures of onmyojo (onmyo vice-minister) KAMO no Yasuchika and tenmon hakase, Abe no Naritoshi.
- 歌舞伎伴奏などのプロの長唄奏者は営業が続けられたが、街角の稽古場で三味線を教えるようないわゆる「街のお師匠さん」(今で言う個人宅の音楽教室)は禁止されてしまったのである。
- Although professional nagauta players could continue to play the instruments to the accompaniment of kabuki and for other occasions, giving shamisen lessons in town, so-called 'music teachers in your town' (similar to private music lessons held at the teacher's house today), was banned.
- またそれについて、本来は箏のみで演奏されるべき箏組歌の代表曲『菜蕗(ふき)』に、合奏(打ち合わせ)できる三味線曲『夕の雲(ゆうべのくも)』を作曲し憤懣をはらしたともいう。
- And in response to this, he is said to have expressed his disgust by composing the shamisen song 'Yube no kumo' (Clouds in the evening) which could be an ensemble, in addition to his signature piece of koto kumiuta called 'Fuki' (Japanese butterbur) which originally should be played only with koto.
- だが、この問題以後、立憲政友会内部に陸軍への反発から、帷幄上奏を廃止して陸軍省官制および海軍省官制を再改正を行って、文官の軍部大臣就任を認めさせるべきとの主張が出された。
- However, after this matter, an assertion to abolish Iaku-joso, revise the government regulations of Army and Navy, and admit the civil officers to become the Minister of military was given inside Rikken seiyukai due to the opposition to the Military.
- 天文密奏(てんもんみっそう)とは、古代の東アジアにおいて、異常な天文現象が観測された場合に、その観測記録と占星術による解釈(占言)を内密に君主に対して上奏することを指す。
- Tenmon misso was a practice in ancient East Asia whereby observation of unusual astronomical phenomenon was confidentially reported to the monarch along with observations and astrological divination (prediction.)
- 除目の儀をひそかに覗う、五節舞で五節の帳台の戸を開いて舞姫を見るなどの失態、諸朝議に遅参し、または不参し、あるいはまた文書の奏達に失錯を演じたものにたいしておこなわれた。
- Peeping during the Jimoku (ceremony for appointing officials), opening the Gosechi chodai and looking at the Gosechi princesses at the Gosechi no mai Dance (dance performance as part of a harvest festival), being late or absent from various chogi (ceremony at Imperial Court), or making mistakes when officially relaying documents were all activities that led to Meshikome.
- つまり国歌の必要性は、まずなによりも、外交儀礼の場において軍楽隊が演奏するために生じるのであり、現在でも例えばスペイン国歌・国王行進曲のように、歌詞のない国歌も存在する。
- In other words, the necessity of a national anthem is generated by a military band on the occasion of extending diplomatic courtesy and, even today, there are national anthems that have no words like Spanish National Anthem, Marcha Real.
- しかし、内閣総理大臣は機務奏宣権(天皇に裁可を求める奏請権と天皇の裁可を宣下する権限)と国務大臣の奏薦権(天皇に任命を奏請する権限)を有したため、実質的な権限は大きかった。
- However, since prime ministers had the rights to petition approval of the emperor, to announce the emperor's approval, and to petition appointment of ministers to the emperor, they could exercise strong powers.
- 伊藤博文は大日本帝国憲法の制定に専念するため総理を辞して初代枢密院議長に転じることになり、後任には藩閥の中心的存在のひとりで農商務大臣として閣内にあった黒田清隆を推奏した。
- Hirobumi ITO decided to step down from his position as Prime Minister and assume office as the first Chairman of the Privy Council in order to focus on the establishment of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, and nominated Kiyotaka KURODA who was one of the important figures of the domain and who had already been in the cabinet as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, as his successor.
- 内閣総理大臣は「内閣ノ首班トシ機務ヲ奏宣シ旨ヲ承テ大政ノ方向ヲ指示」(2条)し、また「行政全部ヲ統督」(4条)すると定められ、少なくとも形式上は強力な権限を与えられていた。
- The Naikaku-shokken stipulated that the Prime Minister 'shall report state affairs to the Emperor, receive the Emperor's instructions, and direct the course of policies as the first among ministers' (Article 2) and 'maintain unity among the different branches of the administration' (Article 4); the Prime Minister, therefore, possessed extensive authority, at least formally.
- 天長節の儀礼が整ったのは明治5年で、同年の天長節の勅語で「茲ニ朕カ誕辰ニ方リ群臣ヲ会同シ酺宴ヲ張リ舞楽ヲ奏セシム汝群臣朕カ偕ニ楽シムノ意ヲ体シ其ノ能ク歓ヲ尽セヨ」と宣した。
- Finally in 1872, tencho setsu ceremony was formally arranged and at the Ordinance of tencho setsu of that year, it was declared that '茲ニ朕カ誕辰ニ方リ群臣ヲ会同シ酺宴ヲ張リ舞楽ヲ奏セシム汝群臣朕カ偕ニ楽シムノ意ヲ体シ其ノ能ク歓ヲ尽セヨ.'
- 新七は梅若殺しの場を、義太夫の伴奏(チョボ)を入れて上方生まれの小團次の芸風に合わせ、梅若と惣太の台詞を七五調で耳に響きのよいの割科白にするなどの工夫をこらして書き換えた。
- Shinshichi rewrote the script employing some unique techniques: the scene of Umewaka-killing was accompanied by gidayu (a style of reciting dramatic narratives; gidayu accompaniment is also called chobo) which goes well with Kamigata-born Kodanji's performing style, and lines of Umewaka and Sota became warizerifu (divided speech) in seven-and-five syllable meter for a good sound.
- また民間放送のニッポン放送でも以前は毎日演奏(ジャンクション (放送))を放送していたが、1998年4月より毎週月曜日の放送開始時と土曜日の午前5時前に限って放送している。
- Nippon Broadcasting System, Inc., which is a commercial broadcaster, broadcasts previously performance every day (junction - broadcasting), but, since April 1998, it broadcasts only before staring broadcasting on Monday, every week, and before 5:00 in the morning of Saturday.
- なお、三味線・「おおど(=平太鼓)」・締太鼓で奏でられる寄席囃子には、『地車』という曲がある(笑福亭仁鶴 (3代目)の落語のレコードには、この出囃子が用いられたものもある)。
- In addition, there is a piece of music called 'Danjiri' in yosebayashi (rakugo theater music) which is played with shamisen, oodo (flat drum) and shime-daiko drum (this debayashi [stage music at a traditional comic variety theater] was used in some rakugo records of Nikaku SHOFUKUTEI [the third]).
- 現在では、国立演芸場や広小路亭で定期的に開催される女流義太夫演奏会をはじめ、さまざまな機会で女流義太夫を聴くことができ、ファン・支持者の裾野も徐々にではあるが広がりつつある。
- Nowadays, recitations by joryu-gidayu can be enjoyed in various venues in addition to the performances held regularly at National Engei Hall and in Hirokoji-tei, and the base of fans and supporters has gradually expanded.
- 一つの曲において歌や手事は段落として切れ目はあるが、雅楽の序、破、急や、西洋音楽の楽章のように、いったん完全に終止し時間を置いてからまた始めるのではなく、連続して演奏される。
- The song and tegoto in one song have hiatuses as paragraphs, but unlike Jo-ha-kyu in gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) or movements in Western music, sound does not stop completely and begins after a while, but the performance seamlessly continues.
- 養老律令詐偽律には、詔の作成や奏事・上書において事実と異なることを行った者を徒罪2年とするとされ、平安時代末期の公家法を伝える『法曹至要抄』でも重罪の1つとして説かれている。
- Yoro ritsuryo code (code promulgated in the Yoro period) Sagi-ritsu (rules against falsity) prescribes that the person who made a statement different from the fact in the preparation of an imperial decree or soji (reports to be submitted to the emperor through Daijokan [Grand Council of State]) and josho (letters and/or documents to be submitted to the emperor) is sentenced 2-year imprisonment, and also it is stated as one of serious crimes in 'Hossoshiyosho' (The Essentials for the Judiciary) (a legal book compiled by the Sakanoue clan between the end of Heian period and the early Kamakura period) which describes the kugeho (court noble law, laws issued by the imperial court) at the end of Heian period.
- 特に以前武家伝奏として皇位継承問題に関与していた中院は天皇本人を前にして後水尾法皇と前将軍家綱が死んでから1年余りでその意向をひっくり返した天皇と綱吉を公然と罵ったのである。
- Especially Nakanoin, who had been involved in the imperial throne succession as a Buke Tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the Bakufu), abused the Emperor and Tsunayoshi, openly in the presence of the Emperor himself, for reversing the intention of Cloistered Emperor Gomizunoo and former Shogun Ietsuna in only a little over one year after the deaths of both.
- これが功を奏し、2008年シーズンでは比較的に天候にも恵まれ、また最終的にJ1に残留したことから、1試合辺りの平均観客動員数は13000人超(鴨池での主催試合を入れて)を記録。
- It was because these activities were effective, the games were favored by comparatively good weather in the 2008 season, and the team was able to remain in J1 finally, that the average number of spectators per game was recorded as being higher than 13,000 (including a home game held in Kamoike).
- 更に長元8年(1035年)に章親実弟の安倍奉親が天文権博士に任ぜられ、安倍氏が天文両博士を独占した(更に2人の長兄安倍時親も長元4年(1031年)に天文密奏宣旨を受けている)。
- In addition, Akichika's younger brother, ABE no Norichika, was assigned to be tenmongon no hakuji in 1035, completing the Abe clan's monopoly of both hakase relating to tenmon (in 1031, their oldest brother ABE no Tokichika received an imperial decree of tenmon misso as well).
- (『東寺百合文書』さ所収応安3年(1370年)2月東寺陳述状には観応2年の東寺側と「勧修寺一品于時武家執奏(勧修寺経顕は応安3年当時従一位)」の間のやりとりが引用されている)。
- (In a letter of representation of March 1370 by To-ji Temple in 'Toji Hyakugo Monjo' [100 case documents of To-ji Temple], the words in the negotiations in 1351, between To-ji Temple and 'Kanshuji Ippon tokini bukeshisso' [Kanshuji, who was Ippon [First Order of an Imperial Prince] and Bukeshisso post at that time] [Tsuneaki KANSHUJI was Juichi [Junior First Rank] in 1370] were quoted.)
- 第9代藩主・植村家長の時代には預かり地が6万6000石近くにまでなり、所領と合わせて約10万石となった家長は、奏者番や寺社奉行、若年寄、執政格などを歴任するなど幕政に参与した。
- During the time of the ninth lord of the domain, Ienaga UEMURA, the consigned shogunal demesne increased to nearly 66,000 koku, which made the total landholdings approximately 100,000 koku including his own territory, and Ienaga took part in the shogunate government serving in the positions such as Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies), Jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines), Wakadoshiyori (junior councilor), Shisseikaku (Rojukaku: a councilor who acted as roju [senior councilor] but whose hereditary stipend was less than the minimum for roju) and so on.
- 以後も中国ではこの形のものを使用しており、民間歌謡の伴奏を主にしていたが、20世紀に入り、劉天華(二胡、琵琶演奏家、作曲家・1895年〜1932年)らにより独奏曲が作られ始めた。
- In China, this type of biwa had been used and mainly played as accompaniment for folk songs but, in the 20th century, solo music started to be composed by Tianhua LIU (erhu (two-stringed Chinese instrument played with a bow) and biwa player, composer, 1895 - 1932) and others.
- しかし、蘆屋道満に讒奏され、占いの力くらべをすることになり、結局これを負かして、道満に殺された父の保名を生き返らせ、朝廷に訴えたので、道満は首をはねられ、晴明は天文博士となった。
- But, Doman ASHIYA has told the Emperor badly fabricated tales about Seimei, so that Seimei has to compete in divining with Doman but defeats him, and Doman is beheaded because Yasuna, Seimei's father, who killed by Doman but has been revived by Seimei, has appealed to the Imperal court, and Seimei receives the degree of Doctor of Astorology.
- それを機に、囃子演奏スタイルが変わった保存会、講・連(大阪市平野区の杭全神社で「へたり」での奉納をする平野地車囃子保存会が典型例)があらわれるなど、画期的な地車囃子の奉納であった。
- It was a landmark dedication for danjiri-bayashi; based on this, preservation societies and forums called Ko and Ren emerged which changed the performance styles of hayashi (the typical example is Hirano Danjiri-bayashi hozonkai [Preservation Association of music performed in festivals of Hirano] which dedicates their hayashi in the style of 'hetari' at Kumata-jinja Shrine in Hirano Ward, Osaka City).
- 派手な演奏を新たにとり入れた保存会、講・連は「地車」を保持する地域が少なくなく、そのような摂取を「地車のない地域のものをとり入れるのは全体的な調和が崩される」などと嘆く古老もある。
- Many preservation societies, Ko and Ren, which took in showy performances afresh, do possess 'danjiri,' and some older people deplore such adoptions, saying 'it spoils the overall harmony to include performances from areas which don't possess danjiri.'
- しかし、実際には俘囚・夷俘は移配先に馴染めずにたびたび地域との衝突や反乱を起こしたために、弘仁2年(811年)に陸奥国より俘囚を現地に止めて支配を行う旨の奏請が行われて受理された。
- In fact, however, because barbarians did not adapt themselves to the places they were sent, and had conflicts with and rose against the locals quite often, a petition from Mutsu Province to keep and control barbarians in their original place was created in 811, and was accepted.
- 奏者番となった第2代藩主・永井尚長は延宝8年(1680年)、第4代徳川将軍家・徳川家綱の葬儀が増上寺で行われた際、乱心した志摩国鳥羽藩主・内藤忠勝に殺害されるという事件が起こった。
- There was a incident wherein Naonaga NAGAI, the second-generation lord who had become a shoshaban (a middleman between attendants to the shogun), was killed in 1680 by Tadakatsu NAITO, the lord of the Toba domain of Shima Province, who became raving mad when the funeral of the family head of the house of the fourth-generation Tokugawa shogun, Ietsuna TOKUGAWA, was held at Zojo-ji Temple.
- その後も修史事業は試みられ「新国史」なるものが存在したと伝聞されるが、若干残った逸文から見ると完成奏上に至らなかったとする見解が主流であり、原因としては律令政治の衰退があげられる。
- There were other attempts to compile national histories following Rikkokushi and it is rumored that there was a 'Shinkokushi' (New National History), but the few remaining rare texts have led to the prevailing opinion that they were never completed and reported to the emperor, with the decline of government according to the Ritsuryo codes given as a reason for this.
- 経宗が左少弁・藤原行隆を呼んで、高倉に議定の意見を奏聞しようとしたところ、隆季は「興福寺別当・権別当が衆徒を制止できないと言い切っているのに、どうして使者を派遣する必要があるのか。
- Just as Tsunemune summoned the Sashoben (third-ranked officer of the left) FUJIWARA no Yukitaka and was about to have him go to retired emperor Takakura to report the consensus opinion of the meeting, Takasue protested, saying 'Why is it necessary to send a messenger to Kofuku-ji temple when the head priest and his deputy will simply keep saying that they are unable to control the assembled clergy?
- 松浦検校(まつうら けんぎょう、生年不詳 - 文政5年11月21日 (旧暦)(1823年1月2日))は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家(地歌三味線および箏曲演奏家、作曲家)。
- Kengyo MATSUURA (year of birth unknown – January 2, 1823) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).
- またこれらの曲に八重崎検校らが箏のパートを付け、あるいは三味線の替手が付けられたり、段合わせや地合わせ、三曲合奏など、さまざまな合奏形態で演奏され、合奏音楽としての発展も著しかった。
- And kengyo YAEZAKI put the so (or koto) parts to these works or made kaede (accompanying melody) for shamisen and they were played in various ensembles such as danawase (type of ensemble method), jiawase (type of ensemble method), instrumental trio (shamisen (three-stringed Japanese guitar), so (thirteen-stringed Japanese zither), and shakuhachi (bamboo flute)) ensemble and so on and dramatically developed as ensemble music.
- 更に1697年には母・松木宗子(敬法門院)の信任の厚かった議奏中御門基熙の更迭問題を巡って両親と対立して中御門の普段からの天皇軽視の言動に不快感を抱いていた近衛基熙との関係を強めた。
- Furthermore in 1697, he nurtured a strong relationship with Motohiro KONOE, who opposed his parents in relation to Giso (close aides to the Emperor), Motohiro NAKAMIKADO's reshuffle issue, while Motohiro had absolute trust from Konoe's mother, Muneko MATSUNOKI (Keihomonin) and was frustrated with NAKAMIKADO's attitude to previously look down upon the Emperor.
- 聴覚に優れ、ある邸に招かれて演奏したおり、準備が整ったもののいっこうに弾き始めようとしないので問うたところ、「後ろの三味線箱が片付けられていないので音の響きが悪いから」と答えたという。
- He had an acute sense of hearing and when he was invited to play in a house he would not begin to play though the preparations were completed and was asked why, he answered, 'Resonance here is not good because the shamisen box behind is not cleared up.'
- また、この法度を実際に分析すると武家伝奏の位置付けなど朝幕関係のあり方を規定し、幕府への大政委任に法的根拠を与えた事は事実であるが、直接的に朝廷の統制を目的とした条文は存在していない。
- Practical analysis of the law shows that it does not contain any provision for directly controlling the imperial court, although it defines the relationships between the imperial court and the bakufu including the status of buke tenso (liaison officers between the imperial court and the military government) and gave the legal basis for delegating the administration of the country to the bakufu.
- 呈子が従三位に叙されて入内が間近に迫ると、頼長は「もし呈子が多子より先に立后したら自分は遁世する」と言い出し、忠実も粘り強く法皇に立后を奏請したことで、3月14日に多子は皇后となった。
- Teishi had been awarded Jusanmi, and her entry into the palace was forthcoming, Yorinaga started to say `If Teishi is enthroned before Masaruko, I will retire,' and Tadazane also persistently asked the Cloistered Emperor for Masaruko to be enthroned; Masaruko became empress on March 14.
- 更に平安時代末期になると、安倍氏によって天文博士の地位と天文密奏宣旨の独占が行われるようになるが、安倍氏のもう1つの家学である陰陽道との密着と安倍氏内部の内紛が天文密奏に混乱を与えた。
- At the end of Heian period, the Abe clan began to monopolize the roles of tenmon hakase and that received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso, however, both the Abe clan's deep involvement in Onmyodo, the other family learning of the clan and the internal strife within the clan confused tenmon misso.
- 松平頼則作曲の『盤渉調越天楽の主題によるピアノと管弦楽のための主題と変奏』(1951年)は平調とは異なる盤渉調の越天楽のメロディを採用しつつ十二音技法やブギウギとの融合も試みられている。
- In 'Theme and Variation of Etenraku in Banshikicho Mode for Piano and Orchestra' arranged by Yoritsune MATSUDAIRA (in 1951), the melody line of Etenraku was used in Banshikicho mode which is different from 'Hyo-jo' (a basic mode) while attempts for fusion with dodecaphony, Twelve-tone technique and with boogie-woogie are observed.
- 欧米では映画の中に挿入されるセリフや背景解説のショット(図を参照)と伴奏音楽によって上映されていたが、日本では言語や文化背景の相違も影響し、上映する際には口頭で説明することが求められた。
- In Europe and America, movies had the shots of lines and background briefings shown on screen (see image) and also had musical accompaniment, but in Japan, language, cultural background and other factors different from the West meant that simultaneous narration was demanded.
- 菊岡検校(きくおかけんぎょう、寛政4年(1792年) - 弘化4年11月12日 (旧暦)(1847年12月19日))は19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家(地歌三味線演奏家、作曲家)。
- Kengyo KIKUOKA(1792 - December 19, 1847) was a blind musician who was active in Kyoto during the early nineteenth century (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, composer).
- 貞観格(じょうがんきゃく)は、平安時代の貞観 (日本)11年4月13日 (旧暦)(869年5月27日)に奏進され、同年9月7日 (旧暦)(同年10月15日)の宣旨によって施行された格式。
- Jogan-kyaku Code was one of the Kyakushiki codes (amendments and enforcement regulations of the Ritsuryo Code) that was submitted to the Emperor on May 31, 869, and was enforced on October 19 the same year with the imperial decree.
- 文保2年(1318年)に践祚して親政を開始した大覚寺統の後醍醐天皇は倒幕計画を企て、1331年に三種の神器を持って笠置山へ入り挙兵すると、幕府の奏請により持明院統の光厳天皇が践祚される。
- In 1318, Emperor Godaigo of the Daikakuji line, who had ascended the throne and started a direct imperial rule, plotted to overthrow the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and when he carried away the Three Sacred Treasures to Kasagi-yama Mountain to raise forces in 1331, the bakufu petitioned for the ascension of Emperor Kogon of the Jimyoin line.
- また吉平も正暦2年(991年)に陰陽博士に任じられていたことが知られ、陰陽助などを経た後に従四位下に叙され、寛仁3年(1019年)に天文博士であった吉昌死去を受けて天文密奏の宣旨を受ける。
- Meanwhile, Yoshihira is known to have been appointed as onmyo hakase (Doctor of onmyo) in 991; he was granted Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) after serving as onmyo no suke (Assistant Director of Onmyoryo, or Bureau of Divination) and received an imperial decree of tenmon misso in 1019 following the death of Yoshimasa, who was the then tenmon hakase.
- 書式上においては、「太政官謹奏(かしこもうす) 其事」と書き出し、続いて太政大臣以下の各大臣・大納言ら各議政官が連署してその次に奏文を書くという太政官議政官の総意による奏上の形式を採った。
- A documentary form of Ronso was stipulated in Daijokan-so as to start with an opening sentence 'Daijokan kashiko mosu'(Daijokan has much pleasure in this writing), being accompanied by signatures of Daijo-daijin (the Grand Minister of State) and other legislatures including ministers and dainagon (Chief Councilors of State), and then followed by Sobun (a report to the throne), thus taking a form to report collective opinions of all legislatures of Daijokan.
- 平安時代には、舞曲は近衛の官人が仕えるのを例として、細纓冠緌にサクラを冠の右側に挿し、袍は小忌衣、太刀を帯びた舞人6人ないし10人、歌人4人(笏拍子、狛笛・篳篥・和琴それそれ1人)で奏した。
- During the Heian period, Azuma-asobi was performed by six or ten dancers who followed the style of the Imperial Guard's soldiers and wore Saiei no Kanmuri (crown with two rounded strings on the top) with a spray of cherry blossoms on the right top of the crown, Omigoromo (ceremonial jacket used for the Shinto rites at the Imperial Court), and swords and four music players (one performer each of shaku-hyoshi [wood clappers], a flute, a hichiriki, and a wagon).
- 8代目にあたる久世通煕は幕末に公武合体派として活躍し、万延元年(1860年)8月から慶応3年4月(1867年)まで(途中文久2年(1862年)9月から翌年12月を除く)にかけて議奏を務めた。
- Michihiro KUZE, the eighth head of the family, played an active role in the Kobu Gattai (integration of the imperial court and the shogunate) at the end of the Edo period and was the adressor of opinions to the Emperor between August 1860 and April 1867 (except the period from September 1862 to December 1863).
- 更に秀吉は実子の不在を理由に新天皇の弟八条宮智仁親王を猶子とし、将来的には正式な豊臣氏の養子として関白を譲る意向である事を天正16年(1588年)の聚楽第行幸の際に後陽成天皇に奏上している。
- Hideyoshi further adopted the new Emperor's younger brother, Imperial Prince Toshihito HACHIJONOMIYA, since he had no biological child, and he reported to the Emperor during the Imperial visit to Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's palace and office in Kyoto) in 1588 that he would officially adopt the prince as a son of the Toyotomi clan and hand over the position of Kanpaku to him in the future.
- 創元社『天神祭 なにわの響き』において大阪千代田短期大学の専任講師・朝野典子氏は、「意識」的な曲、「無意識」でも演奏できる曲というような区別をしているが、その意識的な曲が「うた」の部分である。
- Noriko ASANO, who is a full-time lecturer at Osaka Chiyoda Junior College, distinguishes between music which is played 'consciously' and music which can be played 'unconsciously' at 'Tenjinsai Naniwa no Hibiki' (Tenjin Festival - the sound of Naniwa), Tokyo Sogensha Co., Ltd.; the conscious music is the part of 'Uta' (song).
- その後、馬寮監も馬寮御監(めりょうごげん/みかん)として復活するが、その職掌は左右馬頭からあげられた儀式の際の馬について報告を天皇に奏上するだけに留まり、実際には名義のみを継承したものである。
- Thereafter, Meryogen was also revived as Meryo gogen (or mikan) (Inspector of the Bureau of Horses), but, its official duties were limited only to reporting to the Emperor about horses at the time of rite which were supplied from Sama no kami and Uma no kami, and the fact was that only the name was succeeded.
- 第10回衆議院議員総選挙において過半数に迫る187議席を獲得したものの、政友会の基盤が確固たるものになることを警戒した山縣有朋から財政政策の不備と社会主義取締の緩さを問題視する上奏が行われた。
- In the tenth general election of members of the House of Representatives, the Seiyu party won 187 seats, and almost became the majority; Aritomo YAMAGATA, who feared the stability of the party, reported to the throne that the cabinet was not effective in its financial policy or regulation of socialism.
- 後嵯峨院政以来整備されてきた朝廷の訴訟処理機構で伝奏や奉行などの役職に就き実務を担う家柄(名家の家柄)を確立させてきた貴族たちは、すでにいずれかの皇統に組織されてそれぞれ主従関係を結んでいた。
- The aristocrats that have established the lineage (lineage of reputable families) of who becomes Tenso, Bugyo, and other practical positions in the court management system of the Imperial Court that had been worked on since the cloistered government of Gosaga, had already tied master-subordinate relationships with one of the Imperial lines.
- その場しのぎの対応で法皇が実覚処分の要求を飲んだことから興福寺が激怒、天台座主・仁豪と法性寺座主・寛慶の流罪、祇園社を春日大社の末社にすること、実覚の配流停止といった3ヵ条を奏上として提出した。
- The Kofuku-ji Temple was outraged by the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa's makeshift handling of the situation and acceptance of the request to punish Jikkaku, and submitted to the Emperor the three pleas that Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) Ningo and Head priest of Hossho-ji Temple Kankei be banished; that the Gion-sha Shrine be a subordinate shrine of the Kasuga-taisha Shrine; and that Jikkaku's banishment be halted.
- 「(西洋諸国において)聘門往来などの盛儀大典あるときは、各国たがいに(国歌の)楽譜を謳奏し、以てその特立自立国たるの隆栄を表認し、その君主の威厳を発揮するの礼款において欠くべからざるの典となせり」
- 'In the case of grand ceremonies held when official diplomats visit (in the Occidental countries), every country plays the musical score (of their national anthem) as an indispensable sign to represent prosperity as an independent country and show the dignity of the sovereign ruler.'
- 1951年9月に日本国との平和条約(サンフランシスコ講和条約)が成立し、正式に日本が独立国に復帰した際以来、日本放送協会のラジオ放送で連日放送終了後にオーケストラによる『君が代』の演奏が始まった。
- Since the Peace Treaty with Japan (Peace Treaty signed in San Francisco) was concluded in September 1951 and Japan came back officially as an independent country, 'Kimigayo' was performed by an orchestra every day at the end of radio broadcasting by Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK).
- 八重崎 検校(やえざき けんぎょう、安永5年(1776年)頃 - 嘉永元年9月11日 (旧暦)(1848年10月7日))は、19世紀前半に京都で活躍した盲人音楽家(地歌三味線、箏曲演奏家、作曲家)。
- Kengyo YAEZAKI (around 1776 – October 7, 1848) was a blind musician who was active during the early nineteenth century in Kyoto (jiuta shamisen (traditional Japanese shamisen music) player, so or koto (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings) player and composer).
- しかし、元寇が起こると、その撃退に宇佐神宮などの寺社の祈祷が功を奏したと考えられたため、1281年(弘安4年)には、寺社に領地を返還することを命じる神領興行法が発せられ、田染荘は宇佐神宮に返還された。
- However, Tashibu Manor was returned to Usa-jinja Shrine due to a shinryo kogyo ho (shrine estate recovery act) ordering the return of territories to Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines which was made in 1281 because it was thought that the prayers of temples and shrines such as Usa-jinja Shrine contributed to repeling the Mongol invasions of Japan.
- これは天文道及び天文密奏が次第に実際の星の動きを見て占うという中国由来の上天思想的な解釈から日本独自に発達していった占いの技法である陰陽道的な解釈へと変化していく状況を示した事例であると考えられてる。
- That was considered to be an example of a transition of tenmondo and tenmon misso from the prediction originated from China, which was made according to the actual movement of stars based on 上天思想, to the divination based on Onmyodo, which was a divination technique originally developed in Japan.
- 以後、朝廷の行動全般が京都所司代を通じて幕府の管理下に置かれた上に、その運営も摂政・関白が朝議を主宰し、その決定を武家伝奏を通じて幕府の承諾を得る事によって初めて施行できる体制へと変化を余儀なくされた。
- Subsequently, all the actions of the Imperial Palace were under the control of the government through Kyoto Shoshidai (the Kyoto deputy); meanwhile, the regent and chancellor organized the Court Council, and the running of the palace was determined after receiving approval from the government.
- 天福 (日本)2年(1235年)には宣旨を受けていない安倍家氏が客星出現を知らせた功績で天文博士に補されるという本来の天文博士が天文密奏を行うのとは逆の事例も生じている(『明月記』文暦2年3月26日条)。
- There was an incident quite contrary to the usual cases in which tenmon hakase conducted tenmon misso (Article on April 22, 1235 of 'Meigetsuki (Chronicle of the Bright Moon) ') : in 1235, one member of the Abe clan who had not received an imperial decree was appointed as tenmon hakase for his distinguished service in reporting temporarily appearing stars.
- 一方、西国では承平 (日本)年間(930年代)に瀬戸内海で海賊行為が頻発し(「承平南海賊」)、936年(承平6)、追捕南海道使に任命された紀淑人とその配下の藤原純友らによる説得が功を奏し、海賊が投降した。
- On the other hand, piracy occurred frequently in the Seto Inland Sea in the Johei era (in Japan) (in the 980s) ('Joheinankaizoku' [literally, pirates in the southern area in the Johei era]), and in 936, KI no Yoshito, who was appointed Tsuibu Nankai Doshi (the officer to capture criminals in the southern area), and FUJIWARA no Sumitomo, his subordinate, succeeded in convincing the pirates to submit themselves to surrender.
- 大阪市北部には、大塩平八郎の乱で焼かれたか、アジア太平洋戦争における米軍の空襲によって焼かれたか、修理費を捻出できなかったか、などの理由によって山車の存在しない地区があり、演奏しか重要視できうるものがない。
- In northern Osaka City, there are areas that can put emphasis only on the music performance because they are missing dashi for various reasons, such as they were burnt during the Rebellion of Heihachiro Oshima, they were burnt due to the U.S. air raid during the Asia Pacific War, or no repair budget was secured.
- 夜の山中の祠を舞台に、奇抜な扮装と化粧を施した怪人物たちが、山賊実は平将門、巡礼実は藤原純友などといった役で登場し、神楽などのゆっくりとした伴奏に乗せて、大きな動きで宝物を巡って無言で争う様式が普通である。
- The performance is usually played in the following way: In a night scene at a hokora (a small shrine) on a mountain, suspicious people in a bizarre costumes and makeup appea on stage as bandits (for example, TAIRA no Masakado), or as pilgrims (for example, FUJIWARA no Sumitomo), and fight each other silently for a treasure in exagerrated movements, accompanied by the slow rhythm of Kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrine).
- 大政奉還(たいせいほうかん)とは、江戸時代末期の慶応3年10月14日(1867年11月9日)に、江戸幕府第15代将軍徳川慶喜が、統治権返上を明治天皇に上奏し、翌15日に天皇が上奏を勅許した政治的事件である。
- Taisei Hokan is a political incident in which the 15th Shogun of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA reported to the Emperor Meiji that he would return the sovereignty to the Emperor on November 9, 1867 at the end of Edo period, and the Emperor gave the imperial sanction to the report on the next day.
- 1881年3月、漸く大隈が左大臣(岩倉からみて上位)の有栖川宮熾仁親王に対して「密奏」という形で意見書を提出、その中でイギリス流の立憲君主制国家を標榜し、早期の憲法公布と国会の2年後開設を主張したのである。
- In March 1881, finally Okuma secretly submitted opinions to Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito, Minister of the left (higher rank than Iwakura), recommended constitutional monarchy from England and insisted on earlier issue of constitution and establishment of the National Diet in two years.
- 唐時代の琵琶は現在の日本の楽琵琶とほぼ同じ形をしており、音楽理論が整備される中で、調弦法も多数定められ、様々な合奏にも用いられ、記譜法も確立し、宮廷音楽から民間音楽まで、合奏、独奏、歌唱の伴奏と広く愛好された。
- Biwas in the Tang period had almost the same shape as those of present Japanese Gakubiwa Instruments, and musical theory was developed, many tuning systems were defined, musical notation was also established, and the instrument was played in various concerts, ensembles, solo, accompaniment for singing and became very popular from court music to folk music.
- 中国の琵琶がフレットを増やして、楽器としての機能向上によって表現力を高めたのとは逆に、日本の琵琶はフレットを増やさず(場合によっては減らし)、その分演奏者の技倆をできるだけ活かして微妙な演奏を行うことを好んだ。
- Japanese biwa favored nuanced performances by making the most of a player's techniques rather than increasing the number of frets (reducing frets according to circumstance) while Chinese biwa increased frets and enhanced its powers of expression by improving functions as an instrument.
- だが、奏進された新暦に対して、算博士や宿曜師などが異議を申し立てて、暦博士と改暦論争が始まる場合があり、場合によっては年が明けてから改暦(この場合はその年の暦の修正・変更のこと)が行われることも珍しくはなかった。
- But sometimes San hakase and Sukuyoshi protested a new calendar presented to the emperor and engaged in a dispute over amending the calendar and it was not uncommon to see the calendar amended (the new year calendar modified or changed) after the New Year Day.
- 例えば、雅楽の演奏の時には殆ど化粧しない東儀秀樹が写真集の中で歌舞伎舞踊と同様の舞台化粧で登場する、元々厚化粧の印象が強い浜崎あゆみもデジタルカメラの広告で更に厚化粧になる、と言うようなケースは枚挙にいとまが無い。
- Hideki TOGI, for example, who hardly ever puts on any makeup during his performances in gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music), appeared in a photo book wearing stage makeup similar to what is used in Kabuki Buyo, and Ayumi HAMASAKI, who already gives a strong impression of wearing atsugesho, puts on even heavier atsugesho in advertisements for digital cameras and other similar cases too numerous to mention.
- 今出川兼季や西園寺実俊(ただし、貞治3年以後)といった現職・前職大臣に勅裁を伝える場合には当時の公家社会の慣例に従って院宣や綸旨はその家の家司宛に出されたのに対して、武家執奏が大納言以下の場合には本人宛に出された。
- In cases where the chokusai was conveyed to the current or former ministers such as Kanesue IMADEGAWA and Sanetoshi SAIONJI (1224 or later), the messages of inzen and rinji were conveyed to the keishi (household superintendent) of the household in accordance with the court nobles' customary practice at that time, while in cases where the bukeshisso's rank was Dainagon (Chief Counselor of State) or lower, the messages were sent directly to the designated person.
- 次の応仁2年(1468年)については御暦奏の記録はなく、かつ章首の朔旦冬至が実施された最後のもの(朔旦冬至に御暦奏を行う意義の消滅)であったことから、その前年に発生した応仁の乱の影響で廃絶したものと考えられている。
- Since no record existed of the goryakuso in 1468 and the last sakutan toji was carried out at Shoshu (the merit of carrying out goryakuso at the sakutan toji disappeared), it is thought that goryakuso was abolished due to the Onin War that broke out the previous year.
- ともに大阪市北区(長柄は旧大淀区)なのに、このような呼び方がまかり通っているのは、天満が大阪天満宮を指し、天満宮境内で演奏している講が、今福・蒲生地区(大阪市城東区)の人たちを中心に構成されていることに由来している。
- They both belong to Kita Ward, Osaka City (Nagara belongs to former Oyodo Ward), but the reason why these names are widespread comes from the fact that Tenma refers to Osaka Tenman-gu Shrine, and the association that performed in the precincts of Tenman-gu Shrine consisted mostly of people of Imafuku and Gamo regions (Joto Ward, Osaka City).
- 神護景雲3年(769年)5月、道鏡の弟で大宰帥の弓削浄人と大宰主神の習宣阿曾麻呂(すげのあそまろ)は「道鏡を皇位に付ければ天下は太平になる」という内容の宇佐八幡宮の神託を奏上し、自ら皇位に就くことを望む(続紀没伝)。
- In June of 769, YUGE no Kiyohito, who was a younger brother of Dokyo and was Dazai no sochi (Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices) and SUGE no Asomaro, who was Dazai no Kanzukasa (Head Shinto Priest of Kyushu, stationed in Dazaifu), reported an oracle from Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine to the Empress Shotoku, stating that 'if Dokyo ascends to the Imperial Throne, the world will be in peace'; Dokyo himself wanted to ascend the Imperial Throne (Shoku Nihongi [Chronicle of Japan Continued] Botsuden).
- 執匙の高階経由は痘瘡の治療経験が乏しかったため、経験豊富な西尾兼道・久野恭(いずれも小児科医)を召集して拝診に参加させた結果、いよいよ痘瘡の疑いは強まり、17日に武家伝奏などへ天皇が痘瘡に罹ったことを正式に発表した。
- Since the physician (equivalent to doctor) in charge of daily health checks, 高階経由, did not have much experience treating smallpox, Kanemichi NISHIO and Kyo HISANO (they were both pediatricians) who had treated smallpox before, were called in to participate in the medical examination, there was more possibility that the Emperor might have smallpox, on the 17th, the Imperial Palace made an official announcement to Buketenso (an Imperial official in charge of communications between the samurai and the court) that the Emperor was infected with smallpox.
- この中心的な祭のほか、辰(たつ)の日には中臣氏が天神寿詞(あまつかみのよごと)を奏する行事、巳(み)の日には和舞(やまとまい)・風俗舞が催され、午(うま)の日には五節舞(ごせちのまい)が催されるなど、多くの行事がある。
- Other than this main ritual, there are more events such as Amatsukami no yogoto presented by the Nakatomi clan on Tatsu no hi (the day of dragon), Yamatomai Dance and Fuzokumai Dance on Mi no hi (the day of snake), and Gosechi no mai Dance (dance performance as part of a harvest festival).
- また明治天皇が終生愛好し、明治14年5月に、元薩摩藩主・島津忠義邸にて西幸吉が御前演奏をしたことから、社会的な評価がさらにあがり、やがて「筑前琵琶」とともに「宗家の琵琶節」は皇室向けにしか演奏しない「御止め芸」となった。
- Emperor Meiji also loved this instrument throughout his life and society's valuation of the instrument became even higher when Kokichi NISHI gave a performance in front of the Imperial family at the residence of Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, the former lord of Satsuma Domain, in May, 1881 and 'Biwa-bushi' of the head family became a performance only for the Imperial household along with the Chikuzen biwa.
- 葬列(車列)は自衛隊による21発の弔砲に送られて皇居正門を出発し、葬送曲「哀の極」の奏楽の中を桜田門、国会議事堂正門前、憲政記念館前、三宅坂、赤坂見附、青山一丁目、外苑前、青山三丁目を経て新宿御苑の葬場総門に到着した後、
- After the funeral motorcade departed from the main gate of the Imperial Palace as the Japan Self-Defense Forces made a twenty-one gun funeral salute, it passed the Sakurada-mon Gate, the main gate of the Diet Building, Parliamentary Museum, Miyakezaka, Akasakamitsuke, Aoyama 1-chome, Gaienmae, and Aoyama 3-chome with playing the funeral music called 'Kanashimi no Kiwami' (a funeral march composed by Franz Eckert) before reaching the main gate of the funeral place at the Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden.
- また、天福 (日本)2年(1235年)には宣旨を受けていない安倍家氏が客星出現を知らせた功績で天文博士に補されるという本来の天文博士が天文密奏を行うのとは逆の事例も生じている(『明月記』文暦二年3月26日 (旧暦)条)。
- In 1234, there was a case contrary to the general rule such as that ABE no Ieuji -- who had not received the senji (imperial decree) -- reported on the appearance of a guest star, and was appointed to tenmon hakase in recognition of the services (the entry of 'Meigetsuki' [the diary of FUJIWARA no Sadaie] for April 22, 1235).
- それまで語りの伴奏として用いられてきた琵琶に器楽的要素を大きく取り入れ、語りを伴わない琵琶演奏、西洋楽器やこれまで協奏することの無かった他の和楽器との合奏、また錦心流を基礎とした琵琶歌の改良、など斬新なアプローチを行った。
- He took in the instrumental elements into biwa that had been used as accompaniment to narration and made fresh approaches such as biwa performances without narration, ensemble with Western musical instruments and other traditional Japanese musical instruments that had never been played with, or refinement of the Biwa uta based on the Kinshin-ryu.
- ただその場所については諸説があり、もっとも一般的な説は、明暦の大火によって、それまで評定の行われた酒井雅楽頭と安藤右京亮の屋敷が消失したため、以降伝奏屋敷を仕切って評定所を置いたというものである(石井良助・服藤弘司など)。
- Among some theories about its location, the most common one suggests that it would have been placed in the compartment in the denso-yashiki (a residence for the imperial envoy) after residences of Sakai Uta no kami (the Sakai clan, Director of Music) and Ukyo no suke (Assistant Master of the Western Capital Offices), where the trials had been held were burnt down by the Great Fire of Meireki (according to Ryosuke ISHII, Koji FUKUHIRO and others).
- そこで、関白藤原師通らが、天文密奏宣旨授与者である中原師遠と天文博士安倍親宗を喚問したところ、師遠は流星に気付かずに観測が出来なかったために密奏が出来ず、親宗は天文異変ではないので天文密奏の必要性は無かったと回答している。
- Then, kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Moromichi and others summoned NAKAHARA no Moroto, who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso, and tenmon hakase ABE no Chikamune -- Moroto confessed that he could not have done misso because he was not aware of the meteor and failed to observe it; but Chikamune explained that since the meteor was not an extraordinary astronomical phenomenon, it needed not to be reported as tenmon misso.
- 本来地歌および胡弓楽において発生したもので、もともと独奏曲であったものの前後に声楽部分を付属させ、楽曲形式として手事物の体裁を整えたものと、声楽曲の中の短い間奏部分が次第に発達して長大となったものの二種類があると考えられる。
- Originally, tegoto developed from jiuta and kokyugaku and can be divided into two types; one which was shaped into tegotomono as a style of composition by sandwiching a solo with vocal parts, and one in which a short interlude in a vocal music piece gradually developed and became a long interlude.
- その他、『隋書』「卷八十一 列傳第四十六 東夷 俀國」に記述される開皇20年(600年)第1回遣隋使の上奏文に「俀王姓阿毎字多利思北孤 號阿輩雞彌」とあり、俀王多利思比孤の号 「阿輩雞彌」が「おおきみ」を表すと考えられている。
- In addition, in the johyobun (memorial to the Emperor) of the first Japanese envoy to Sui Dynasty China in 600 described in 'Volume 80 chapter 46 Dongyi Wakoku' in 'Suishu' (the Book of Sui Dynasty), it says 'in the year 600, the king of Wa, the surname Ame, the popular name Tarishihoko, calling himself Okimi' and it is thought that the title of the king of Wa, Tarishihiko, represents 'okimi.'
- 水戸家は頼房が駿河家断絶後の1636年(寛永13年)に徳川賜姓された家であり、他の2家よりも官位・官職の点では下ではあるが、朝廷に対して次期将軍家の奏聞をし、また、江戸常勤であることなどから五代綱吉のころから御三家と呼ばれる。
- Since the Mito family founded by Yorifusa only received the honor of taking the name of Tokugawa after the Suruga family became extinct in 1636, they were lower in rank and grade than the other two families; however, they reported to the Emperor on the next shogun family, and they worked full time in Edo, so that they came to be called Gosanke when Tsunayoshi became the fifth shogun.
- こうして、祭礼のとき以外に、結婚式、葬式などはもちろん、血税の無駄遣いであったオリンピックの誘致活動、なかにはプロのボウリング・トーナメントの開会式などで演奏されることもあり、さらにはゲリラ・ライブを敢行する保存会や講・連もある。
- So, the danjiri-bayashi has been played at a promotion for the Olympics, which was wasteful spending of taxpayer's money, and the opening ceremony of a professional bowling tournament as well as weddings and funerals; moreover, there are some preservation societies and forums called Ko and Ren that carry out guerrilla concerts.
- 岐阜県岐阜市にある「伊奈波神社」に伝わる伝承によると、五十瓊敷入彦命は朝廷の詔を承けて奥州を平定したが、一緒に同行した陸奥守豊益が五十瓊敷入彦命の成功を妬んで、命に謀反の心ありと讒奏したため、朝敵として攻められてこの地で討たれた。
- According to the legend handed down at Inaba-jinja Shrine in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Inishikiiribiko no mikoto, once dominated Oshu Province on the Imperial edict, however, as Governor of Mutsu Province, Toyomasu, who accompanied him to Oshu, became jealous of Inishikiiribiko no mikoto's success and informed the Imperial court of a false charge that Inishikiiribiko no mikoto was plotting a treason, and thus, Inishikiiribiko no mikoto was accused as an Imperial enemy and attacked to death there.
- 将軍足利義満、管領細川頼之時代には武家執奏による朝廷への口入がみられ、応安3年(1370年)に後光厳天皇が自らの皇子緒仁親王への譲位意思を表すると、崇光上皇は正嫡である実子栄仁親王の即位が妥当であると主張し、皇位継承問題が起こる。
- During the rule of Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA and constable Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, the Bukeshisso (coordinator for the Northern Court and the Ashikaga government) would intervene with Imperial Court matters, and when in 1370, Emperor Gokogon expressed his wish to abdicate the throne to his prince, Imperial Prince Ohito, retired Emperor Suko claimed that the ascension of his legal child, Imperial Prince Yoshihito was more appropriate and a conflict over Imperial succession occurs.
- これらは、江戸時代初期の箏曲の形式である「組歌」「段物」のスタイルを取り入れたりするなど、復古的であると同時に、当時の流行音楽であった明清楽の音階を取り入れたり、非常に精緻で複雑な箏の高低二重奏であるなど、モダンな面も強く持っている。
- They have a reactionary aspect of taking in the styles of 'kumiuta' (koto suites of songs) and 'danmono' (most important type in shirabemono [the koto solo instrumental music]) and also modern aspects of taking in the scale of Ming and Xing-era Chinese music (as popularized in Japan before the First Sino-Japanese war) that was popular at the time and employing a very precise and complicated koto duet at high and low pitches.
- これに対して、政府と海軍が陸軍と協議をした結果、内閣官制によって事務行為の代理については文官でも認められること、ただし、帷幄上奏に関する職務は軍令部長が代行すること、陸軍に対しては今回の件を前例とはしないことで、陸軍もこれを受け入れた。
- For that, as a result of the consultation between the government, the Navy, and the Army, the substitution of official activity by the civil officers would be admitted by the government regulations, but the duty as for the Iaku-joso (making comments on military affairs to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results) would be substituted by the Chief of the Naval General Staff, and the Army accepted that the affair this time would not become a precedent.
- その最中でも藤原頼長や近衛家実によって道具の一新や頒暦制作の振興措置が取られたが一時的なものに終わり、宝徳元年に官務・局務分をそれぞれ2部に削減して行われたことが判明(『康富記』宝徳元年11月21日条)するのが最後の御暦奏の記録である。
- Even in such a situation, FUJIWARA no Yorinaga and Iezane KONOE renewed the tools and took measures to encourage calendar-making, but this ended up as a temporally solution, and the record on the last goryakuso is an article in 'Yasutomi ki' on November 21, 1449 who said: the number of copies for kanmu and kyokumu were reduced to two, respectively.
- なお、全ての異常な天文現象が天文密奏の対象になったわけではなく、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が占った結果、重大な変事の前兆と判断された出来事に限定され、天文博士・天文密奏宣旨授与者が異常の発生に気付かなかった場合も密奏は行われなかった。
- Tenmon misso was not performed for all the unusual astronomical phenomena but only for phenomena which had been divined by tenmon hakase or those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso as an omen of a great calamity -- the phenomena which tenmon hakase and those who had received the imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso had failed to observe were not reported as tenmon misso either.
- 田中の就任直後の10月4日に政友会の新政策発表の際に「帷幄上奏の廃止と軍部大臣文官制」の一項が入っていることに気付いて、激怒し、直ちに幹部会を招集してこの部分を留保させて以後党内で統帥権の独立に冒す様な政策は掲げない事を宣言したのである。
- Right after the assumption of TANAKA on October 4, when Seiyukai announced the new policy he noticed a section describing 'the abolition of Iaku-joso and a system of a minister of military by civil officers', he inflamed with it, called the officers' meeting immediately and demanded to reserve that part, then declared not to appeal a party policy that would damage the independence of supreme command inside the party.
- ちなみに公望は、西園寺家の家業である筈の琵琶の演奏が苦手であったが、首相在任中に明治天皇から悪戯半分に「久しぶりに西園寺家の琵琶が聞きたい」と言われ、宮内省の雅楽寮の職員と琵琶の共演をさせられて四苦八苦したというエピソードが伝わっている。
- There is an anecdote that Kinmochi was not good at playing the biwa Japanese lute, which should have been the family business of the Saionji Family, and during Kinmochi's time in office as prime minister, the Emperor Meiji said out of mischief to Kinmochi, 'For the first time in a long while, I would like to listen to biwa Japanese lute,' and therefore he was forced to play the biwa Japanese lute in dire distress together with the officials of Utaryo in the Imperial Household Ministry.
- 1849年、松代藩士にて蘭学者の佐久間象山は藩費、場合によっては家禄を返上し費用に充てる覚悟で『ドゥーフ・ハルマ』を出版する計画を立て、藩主に「攘夷の策略に関する藩主宛答申書」を上奏して外国に対抗するために語学と技術習得を広める重要性を説いた。
- In 1849 Shozan SAKUMA, a feudal retainer of the Matsushiro clan and Dutch scholar, planned to publish 'Doeff Halma' at the expense of the clan or from his own expense for which he would give up his karoku (hereditary stipend) under certain circumstances; he presented the lord of the clan with the report regarding strategy for expulsion of foreigners addressed to the lord of the clan, and emphasized the importance of disseminating the learning of language and technology for the purpose of opposing foreign countries.
- なお、『日葡辞書』には“越訴”を「一旦却下されるか和解するかした後に再びむしかえして新たに提起された訴訟」、“直訴”を“直奏”の派生語として「国王または大身の主君に自ら面と向かって申し上げること、また口頭か文書かで直接訴え出ること」と記されている
- 'Nippo jisho' (Japanese-Portuguese dictionary) defined 'osso' as 'renewing a suit that was once rejected or settled' and 'jikiso' as a derived word from 'jikisou' meaning 'speaking directly to the King or the great lord, or appealing in speech or in writing.'
- ただし、蔵人所成立後は、天文博士らは陰陽頭を通さずに蔵人に対して密奏を提出して、蔵人から天皇に報告するようになった(ただし事の性格上、深夜あるいは早朝に密奏が行われる場合もあり、その場合は天文博士が直接天皇に上奏する事も例外的に認められていた)。
- After kurodo dokoro (the Chamberlain's Office) was established, tenmon hakase and others began to submit misso to kurodo (chamberlain), bypassing Onmyo no kami, and the kurodo mediated the misso to the emperor (due to the nature of the matter, the misso often took place in the middle of the night or in the early morning, in which case the tenmon hakase was exceptionally allowed to report the misso directly to the emperor.)
- また、1990年代前半ころ、ビデオカメラ(カムコーダ)が各家庭に普及し始め、そのカムコーダを用いて長柄八幡宮・南長柄八幡宮、そして「キタ」の華麗さを取り入れた平野地車囃子保存会による、派手な親太鼓の演奏を録画して真似る保存会、講・連が増えていった。
- Also, in the early 1990s, as camcorders started to spread amongst families, there was an increase in preservation societies, Ko and Ren, recording the showy performance of the oyadaiko played by Nagae-hachimangu Shrine, Minami Nagae-hachimangu Shrine and Hirano Danjiri-bayashi hozonkai which took in the splendor of the performance of 'Kita' (a part of the Kita Ward in Osaka City).
- 更にその五摂家の当主ですら幕府が摂政・関白の任命権を事実上掌握している以上、幕府の意向に反する事は出来なかったために、その結果、幕府→摂家・武家伝奏(最大でも5+4名)→天皇及び諸公家という幕府にとっては非常に効率の良い朝廷統制の仕組みが完成した。
- Moreover, as long as the bakufu virtually controlled the right of appointment of regent or chief advisor to the Emperor, even the family head of the Gosekke could not oppose the intention of the bakufu, and the system for controlling the Imperial Court, which was the orderly sequence from the bakufu through the sekke/samurai families (five plus four people at most) to the Emperor and each court noble, was thereby established as an extremely efficient system for the bakufu.
- いっぽう、地歌と共に三曲のひとつであり、やはり盲人音楽家たちが専門としてきた箏曲は、江戸初期の発展とは裏腹に中期になると停滞してしまい、むしろ独自に発展するのではなく、地歌の肩を借り、地歌三味線曲に付随し合奏するという形で、後期に至るまで発展してきた。
- On the other hand, the development of koto music, one of sankyoku along with jiuta specialized by the blind musicians, was sluggish in the middle of Edo period unlike its prosperity in the beginning of Edo period, and kept growing until the end of Edo period in the form of accompanying jiuta shamisen music without seeking an independent development.
- しかし近年になりNHKが24時間放送を積極的に行うようになったため、現在は毎日演奏しているのはラジオ第2放送の終了時(日・月曜、並びに集中メンテナンスの実施日は24時、火曜日は25時35分(水曜未明135)、他は25時40分(未明140))のみである。
- In recent years, however, as NHK aggressively carries out 24-hour broadcasting, 'Kimigayo' is performed everyday only at the end of broadcasting of the second radio broadcasting (24:00 on Sunday, Monday and any day in which intensive maintenance is carried out; 25:35 on Tuesday (1:35 before dawn of Wednesday); and 25:40 on other days (1:40 before dawn).
- これは両科統合後の天長4年(827年)文章博士都腹赤の上奏(『本朝文粋』、ただし腹赤は2年前に没しており、生前に行われたものか)によって撤廃されたものの、貴族子弟の文章生採用が事実上認められたために白丁文章生は貴族文章生によって圧迫を受けるようになった。
- Although this was abolished due to monjo hakase MIYAKO no Haraaka's report to the throne in 827 after the merger of the two subjects ('Honcho monzui' (anthology of waka poems and prose written in classical Chinese), as Haraaka died two years before, it may have been done when he was alive), sons of nobles were subsequently allowed to be adopted as monjosho and monjosho from hakucho families were put under pressure from monjosho from the noble families.
- 平安時代に書かれた『政事要略』によれば、天皇に対しては「御暦」として具注暦2巻と天皇のみに献上される七曜暦1巻(ただし、七曜暦は元日の朝賀の後で天皇に献上されるものであったため、元日に七曜暦のための御暦奏が行われた)、中宮と東宮に具注暦2巻が奏進される。
- According to the 'Seiji yoryaku' published in the Heian period, two copies of guchureki and one copy of shichiyoreki were presented to the emperor (the Goryakuso ceremony was conducted to on the New Year's Day for the shichiyoreki because it was presented after New Year's Felicitations to the emperor) and two copies of guchureki were presented to the chugu and togu.
- ちなみに源氏物語に登場する奏者は、主人公で臣籍降下した皇子光源氏やその弟の蛍兵部卿宮・宇治八の宮、また源氏の妻の内親王女三宮とその子薫、常陸宮の娘末摘花 (源氏物語)、明石の御方(母が中務宮の孫)など、多くが皇族または皇室に深いかかわりを持つ人物である。
- Most of the players that appear in the 'Genji Monogatari' are people deeply related to the Imperial Family or the Imperial household, such as the hero of this story, Prince Hikaru Genji, who became a subject of the state; his younger brothers, Hotaru Hyobukyo no Miya and Uji Hachi no Miya; his wife, Imperial Princess Onna San no Miya; and their children, Kaoru, Suetsumuhana (a daughter of Hitachi no miya) and Akashi no onkata (whose mother was a grandchild of Nakatsukasa no Miya).
- 更に平安時代以来官司請負制のもとで暦博士を世襲してきた賀茂氏はその伝統と実績を背景として御暦奏を同氏の専権として主張するようになり、阿倍氏が陰陽頭であっても関与させないことを朝廷に認めさせるようになった(平経高『平戸記』仁治元年閏10月14日・22日条)。
- Besides that, Kamo clan, who had been taking over the post of rekihakase by succession in the government office contract system since the Heian period, thanks to its tradition and its experience, began to claim that goryakuso was its exclusive right and began to get the emperor to agree not to involve Abe clan in goryakuso even if they were Onmyonokami (according to 'Heikoki' by TAIRA no Tsunetaka on December 5 and 13, 1240).
- 論奏(ろんそう)とは、国家祭祀、令制国郡や官司の設置・廃止、流罪や除名以上の処分の執行、兵馬100疋以上の差発など、太政官において大臣以下によって発議あるいは審議される重要事項に関する奏上(ただし、太政官自身の機構そのものに関する奏上は出来ないとされる)である。
- Ronso meant for Daijokan (the Grand Council of State) to submit its report to the Emperor on state rituals, establishment or abolition of provinces, districts or government offices, execution of deportation or expulsion, allotment of more than 100 war horses, and other important matters proposed or discussed by ministers and other members of Daijokan, except for such matters as particular to Daijokan itself that were excluded from the subjects of Ronso.
- 『吾妻鏡』によると、鎌倉幕府でも天文道に通じた陰陽師を京都から鎌倉へ招いて征夷大将軍に対して天文密奏を行わせたとされている(こうした場合、朝廷に対する密奏が不可能となるため、密奏宣旨は天文博士などへ昇進するための資格を得る以上の意味はなかったと考えられている)。
- According to 'Azuma Kagami' (The Mirror of the East; a chronicle of the early history of the Kamakura Bakufu), the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) also invited Onmyoji who was well versed in tenmondo from Kyoto to Kamakura to constitute him the mission as the medium of tenmon misso to seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') (Since the misso could not have been available for the emperor in that situation, it was considered that the imperial decree of the misso meant no more than qualifying a person as tenmon hakase or the like.)
- 陰陽寮の役人が退いた後に中務省を代表して輔が天皇に奏上を行い、具注暦は天皇に奏進され、頒暦は天皇と太政官の連絡を掌る少納言が受領して大臣の元に届けられ、大臣から弁官を通じて各官司・国府に配布され、不足の場合には上級官司・国府が書写して下級官司・郡司などに送付した。
- When officials of the Onmyoryo leave the court, the suke makes a presentation before the emperor on behalf of the Ministry of Central Affairs, the guchureki is presented to the emperor, the hanreki is distributed to the Shonagon who manages communications between the Emperor and the Daijokan, then it is sent to each minister, then distributed by ministers to each government officials and kokufu via benkan and, if the number of copies are not enough, highly-ranked kanshi or kokufu transcribes it and sends it to low-ranked kanshi or gunji (district official).
- 信輔は「近衛家では前官(前職大臣)の関白の例はない」と主張して左大臣を秀吉に譲る前に現職の大臣として関白に就任したい旨を正親町天皇に奏上し、これに対して昭実は「二条家では初めて任命された関白が1年以内に辞めた例はない」と主張して信輔の理不尽な要求を退けるように訴えた。
- Nobusuke insisted that no one in the Konoe family assumed the position of Kanpaku as former minister, and he presented a petition to Emperor Ogimachi, requesting he be appointed to Kanpaku as an incumbent minister before yielding the position of Sadaijin to Hideyoshi; on the other hand, Akizane maintained that no one in the Nijo family resigned from the position of Kanpaku within a year when he assumed the position for the first time, and he made a request to Emperor Ogimachi for rejecting Nobusuke's unreasonable demands.
- だが、これに対して進歩党と自由党が合同して憲政党を結成、貴族院_(日本)も政権に非協力な態度を取った為に、伊藤は自らの政局運営の甘さの自覚と新党結成の決意を固めて、山県有朋らの反対を押し切って憲政会の大隈重信・板垣退助のいずれかを後継にするように上奏して内閣を総辞職した。
- However, Since the Progressive Party and the Liberal Party formed the Constitutional Party together against this and the House of Peers (Japan) also took uncooperative attitude to the Government, which made ITO realize his own poor handling of the political situation and made decision to form a new party, he reported to the Emperor to make either of Shigenobu OKUMA or Taisuke ITAGAKI of the Constitutional Party as his successor and resigned the cabinet en masse, in spite of opposition by Aritomo YAMAGATA and others.
- 地車囃子(だんじりばやし)とは、地車曳行の際に演奏される祭囃子のことであるが、何らかの事情で山車(地車)を保有していない大阪市北部を中心とした地域などで、地車とは独立した音楽として舞台や櫓(矢倉)、さらに船渡御の船等において「へたり」で演奏・奉納される祭囃子のことでもある。
- Danjiri-bayashi is festival music which is played to accompany the drawing danjiri (decorative portable shrines; floats used in festivals), and in the region centered on the northern part of Osaka City which does not possess danjiri for some reasons it refers to the 'hetari' style which is festival music played by itself on a stage, turret and also a boat for funatogyo (a ritual to place divine spirits on boat, to cross a river).
- 公式令によれば、訴えの起こす場合には地方においては郡司→国司→太政官、首都においては京職→刑部省→太政官の順序を取ることが定められており(太政官で訴えが受理されなければ、天皇に上奏することが許される)、この手続に反する訴えをした場合には笞刑40の刑に課された(『闘訟律』)。
- According to the Kushiki-ryo (law on state documentary forms in the Yoro Code), the fixed course of a suit in local districts was a gunji (local magistrate), a kokushi (provincial governor), the Daijokan (Great Council of State) in that order, and in the Capital the Kyoshiki (Capital Bureau), the Gyobusho (Ministry of Justice), the Daijokan in that order (if appeals were not accepted by the Daijokan, people were allowed to report to the emperor), and if people made an appeal against this procedure, they were given 40 strokes of cane ('Toshoritsu').
- おおらかで豊かな音色を持ち、後世の諸琵琶との大きな違いは、他の楽器との合奏に用いられること、調ごとに調弦法が変わること、「弦楽器」の機構がないこと、左手の押弦が、柱(フレット)の間で絃を押さえる張力を変化させて音程を変える奏法がないこと、また小指まで使用すること、などである。
- It has easygoing yet rich tones, and there are big differences from many types of biwa in later ages, namely it is played with other instruments, it has different tuning system for each tune, it has no mechanism for a string instrument, it has no playing system to press strings with the left-hand fingers between frets to control the tension to make different tunes, or it is played using even the pinky finger.
- 『波賀聞書』によると、庭の見張り組は「五十人組は東へ回れ」「三十人組は西へ回れ」などと声高に叫ぶことであたかも百人以上の大勢が討ち入ったかに装ったとしており、これが功を奏し、長屋にいた吉良家臣たちは本当にその人数がいると信じ込み、ほとんどの者が恐怖で長屋から出てこなかったという。
- According to 'Haga Kikigaki,' most of Kira's retainers became too scared to come out from their long house since the guards in the yard truly made Kira's retainers believe that there were more than a hundred people joined up for this raid by shouting 'a group of fifty go around to the east' and 'a group of thirty go around to the west.'
- 日本では、天文博士あるいは天文密奏宣旨を受けた天文学・占星術に通じた人物が、異常な天文現象を見つけた際には、占いの結果と過去に発生した同様の事例から勘案してその意味を解釈したものを観測記録とともに奏書に認めて密封して、速やかに陰陽頭を通じて天皇に対して上奏されることとなっていた。
- In Japan, it was decided that upon observing an unusual astronomical phenomenon, tenmon hakase (a master of astronomy) or a person who was well versed in astrology and astronomy and had received an imperial decree constituting the mission as the medium of tenmon misso should draw up a document stating what it symbolized by taking into account the divination and similar cases in the past, and observations; seal it; and directly submit it to the emperor through Onmyo no kami (Director of Onmyoryo, or Bureau of Divination) at once.
- 分類は、文筆・朝儀・神祇官・太政官・摂籙家・公卿家・別奏・功労・廷尉・内記・紀伝・陰陽道・暦道・天文道・医道・仏事・太宰府・異国・雑文・凶事・諸国雑事・諸国公文・諸国功過の各項目であるが、これは現存する部分についてであり、失われた9巻にどのような分類が含まれていたのかは不明である。
- The classification includes such items as literary art, chogi (ceremony at Imperial Court), Jingikan (Department of Divinities), Daijokan (Grand Council of State), the Setsuroku family (the family which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor), the Kugyo family (kugyo means a Court noble), besso, achievements, teii (Chinese name of police), naiki (secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs), kiden (biographical books), Onmyodo (yin-yang philosophy), rekido (the study of the calendar), tenmondo (astrology), ido (medical ethics), Buddhist service, Dazaifu (local government office in Kyushu region), foreign countries, miscellaneous writings, misfortunes, shokoku-zatsuji (miscellaneous matters of various districts), shokoku-kumon (official documents of various districts) and shokoku koka (merits and demerits of various districts), however, these items are about existing parts, therefore, it is unknown what kinds of classification were included in the missing nine volumes.
- 『徒然草』において、重明親王が元良親王の元日の奏賀の声が太極殿から鳥羽作道まで響いたことを書き残した故事について記されているため、両親王が活躍していた10世紀前半には存在していたとされる(ただし、吉田兼好が見たとされる重明親王による元の文章が残っていないために疑問視する意見もある)。
- Since 'Tsurezure gusa' (Essays in Idleness) shows about a historical event that Imperial Prince Shigeakira wrote down that the voice of Imperial Prince Motoyoshi making a ceremonial speech on the morning of the new year was heard from Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) to Toba no Tsukurimichi, it was considered that the road existed in the early 10th century when the two Imperial princes were active (however, there are opinions that questions this, as the original writings of Imperial Prince Shigeakira which Kenko YOSHIDA is supposed to have seen do not exist).
- 菊岡検校とは名コンビ、良きライバルとして有名で、先に検校へと登官した菊岡から食事の残り物を食べさせられたのを遺恨に思い、菊岡との合奏の際に箏を縦横無尽に弾き菊岡を打ち負かしたが、菊岡も次には八重崎を圧倒するほどの即興演奏を行ない、そうこうする内に互いに打ちとけて良き楽友となったという。
- He was famous for being a good combination and rivalry with kengyo KIKUOKA, but he was forced to eat the leftovers of KIKUOKA who had assumed a kengyo earlier and bore a grudge against KIKUOKA, but when there was an ensemble with KIKUOKA he played the koto freely and beat KIKUOKA down and next time KIKUOKA improvised staggeringly blowing him out and at last they thawed and became good musical friends.
- 次に案文の複製を成案の草案として作成して再度中務省の責任者の署名を加えて天皇の御璽を押印した後に太政官に送付し、今度は外記が大臣・大納言の官位姓を記して日付を加え、天皇への奏請の一文とともに太政官の会議にかけられて太政大臣以下の大臣・大納言の自署を加えた後に大納言が天皇にこれを覆奏する。
- Next was to create a copy of the anbun as the draft for the final draft sent to the Grand Council of State after putting the emperor's gyoji (the imperial Seal) with the supervisors' signatures again, geki wrote down the daijin's and dainagon's (a chief councilor of state) kanisei (surname of the official rank) and the date, and the dainagon confirmed this to the emperor with the daijin's and dainagon's (below grand minister of state) signatures after it being submitted to the meeting of the Grand Council of State with a ratification request line to the emperor.
- これにより旧幕府では薩摩打倒の機運が高まり、「薩摩の不法行為を誅する」とした上奏表(討薩表)を携え、京都を兵力で抑えるべく、旧幕府側の幕府歩兵隊、会津藩兵、桑名藩兵などが大阪から進軍し、薩摩藩・長州藩の軍勢と慶応4年1月3日 (旧暦)(1868年1月27日)、京都南郊外の鳥羽と伏見で衝突した。
- This incident gathered momentum among the former Shogunate to fight against the Satsuma Domain; with the statement to the Emperor declaring that they would avenge Satsuma's wrongs (to-satsu-hyo), the Shogunate infantry of the former Shogunate and warriors of the Aizu and Kuwana Domains advanced from Osaka to pacify Kyoto and they clashed with the forces of the Satsuma and Choshu Domains in Toba and Fushimi on the outskirts of southern Kyoto on January 27, 1868.
- 内容は「行家義経に同意して天下を乱さんとする凶臣」である平親宗・高階泰経ら12名の解官、議奏公卿10名による朝政の運営(九条兼実・徳大寺実定・三条実房・藤原宗家・中山忠親・藤原実家・源通親・吉田経房・藤原雅長・藤原兼光)、兼実への内覧宣下だった(『吾妻鏡』12月6日条、『玉葉』12月27日条)。
- The demand consisted of the removal of 12 'evil subjects trying to disturb the world in agreement with Yukiie and Yoshitsune' such as TAIRA no Chikamune and TAKASHINA no Yasutsune, governmental management by the Imperial Court by 10 giso kugyo (Noble Council) (Kanezane KUJO, Sanesada TOKUDAIJI, Sanefusa SANJO, FUJIWARA no Muneie, Tadachika NAKAYAMA, FUJIWARA no Saneie, MINAMOTO no Michichika, Tsunefusa YOSHIDA, FUJIWARA no Masanaga, and FUJIWARA no Kanemitsu), and the Imperial edict of inspection to Kanezane (the item of December six of 'Azuma Kagami' [The Mirror of the East], the item of December 27 of 'Gyokuyo' [Diary of Kanezane KUJO]).
- 実際に効力を持っていたと考えられている「儀式」としては、弘仁11年(820年)に嵯峨天皇に完成が上奏された「内裏式」とほぼ相前後して編纂された「内裏儀式」(前後関係については不明)があり、続いて貞観 (日本)年間に編纂された「貞観儀式」(「“儀式”」)、村上天皇の頃に作成された「新儀式」が知られている。
- As 'Gishiki' which might have been virtually effective, 'Dairi Gishiki' which was compiled almost simultaneously with 'Dairi shiki,' the completion of which was reported to Emperor Saga in 820 (it was unknown which of them was completed first), then 'Jogan Gishiki' ('Gishiki') which was compiled in the Jogan era, and 'Shingishiki' which was made during the tenure of Emperor Murakami, were known.
- 1338年(延元3年/建武 (日本)5年)には北畠顕家が出陣前に新政の失敗を諌める諫奏を行い、北畠親房の『職原抄』や公家の日記などにも新政への批判や不満を述べる文章があるなど、武家や庶民のみならず、後に後醍醐天皇方について北朝と対立した北畠父子のような公家でさえ、新政を支持していなかったことが示唆される。
- Criticism of the new government was not limited to warrior families and commoners, however; in 1338, before Akiie KITABATAKE led his army out, he remonstrated with Emperor Godaigo about the failures of the new government, and his father Chikafusa KITABATAKE's 'Shokugensho' as well as other nobles' diaries record comments critical of and indicating their dissatisfaction with the government, showing that later on, even nobles like the Kitabatake father-son duo, who fought to oppose the Northern dynasty, did not fully support the new government.
- そこで、昭和8年(1933年)に西園寺を助ける目的で「重臣」制度が設けられて、総理大臣経験者と枢密院議長が元老西園寺とともに会議を開いて後継選定を図ることにしたのが始まりである(五・一五事件後の後継首相奏薦にあたっても元老は首相経験者から意見を聴取しているが、正式な手続きとして定められたものではなかった)。
- It was for this reason that in 1933 the 'senior statesmen' system was established to help SAIONJI, and that former prime ministers and the Chairman of the Privy Council, together with genro SAIONJI, started to hold a meeting to plan the selection of a successor (Genro had heard the opinions of former Prime Ministers after the May 15th Incident upon recommending a succeeding prime minister to the Emperor, but that had not been established as an official procedure then.).
- それから3年後の1308年(徳治3)8月の「平政連諫草」には、「天下の珍事国中の大体は併せて成敗にあり、怠慢なかるべし、随ってまた評定の大事はなを御出仕をまつ」「毎月御評定の内五ケ日、御寄合二ケ日奏事六ケ日ばかりは、闕かさず御勤仕あらんの条、強いて窮屈の儀なからんか」と幕政への精励を要請、というか苦言を呈している。
- In 'Remonstration by TAIRA no Masatsura' written in August, 1308, in three years after the incident, the following requests for working harder for the bakufu's administration or candid advices are included: 'It was an apparently strange incident, and the persons concerned had been punished appropriately, and therefore, you should attend important council meetings;' 'It would not be too hard to request you not to fail in attending the monthly regular council meetings for five days, the meetings called 'Yoriai' for two days and working for Soji (compiling official documents to be sent to the emperor)-related matters for six days.'
- これに対して「文章道」という言葉を用いた例も全く無い訳ではない(『菅家文章』元慶8年2月25日付の菅原道真奏状の中に書かれた道(学科)の現状についての件の中で用いられた「文章」は文章道という呼称を用いたものとされている)ものの、過渡的なものであり、10世紀に入ると公的な場においては「紀伝道」のみが用いられるようになる。
- In contrast, although we can also find the word 'monjodo' in the records ('monjo' used in SUGAWARA no Michizane's sojo (documents reported to the Emperor) dated March 29, 884 discussing the situation surrounding subjects in 'Kanke bunso' (an anthology of Chinese-style poetry by SUGAWARA no Michizane) is thought to mean monjodo), it was transitional and after entering the 10th century, only 'kidendo' was used in official occasions.
- 後醍醐の新政権が足利尊氏の離反により建武 (日本)3年(1336年)に崩壊すると、尊氏の奏請により光厳の院政が開始され(後伏見はこの年49歳で死去している)、光厳の同母弟豊仁(16歳、光明天皇)が践祚したが、皇太子に立てられたのは、廃太子康仁でも、光厳の第1皇子興仁(3歳)でもなく、後醍醐の皇子成良親王(12歳)であった。
- The new Godaigo government collapsed in 1336 due to Takauji ASHIKAGA's defection and the cloistered government by Kogon was initiated by Takauji's request (Gofushimi died in the same year at 49), and Kogon's brother Toyohito (aged 16, Emperor Komei) ascended the throne and the Crown Prince was not the deposed prince Yasuhito or Kogon's first son Prince Okihito (aged 3), but Godaigo's son Imperial Prince Nariyoshi (aged 12).
- 三道の一郡一荘それぞれから船1艘を課し、和泉国・摂津・播磨・備前国・備中国・紀伊国・伊勢・淡路国・讃岐国・阿波の計10か国の海岸に漂着して破損した船を没収、また、山城国・河内国・摂津・播磨・淡路の5か国の公田・荘園の竹木を伐採し、さらに摂津・播磨・淡路の民家から人夫を徴用して、河尻泊・魚住泊とともにこの泊を修築することを奏請した。
- He imposed one ship on each one county and one manor in the three Roads, confiscated wrecked ships washed ashore on beaches in ten provinces such as Izumi, Settsu, Harima, Bizen, Bicchu, Kii, Ise, Awaji, Sanuki and Awa provinces, cut down bamboo grove in Koden (field administered directly by a ruler) and shoen in five provinces such as Yamashiro, Kawachi, Settsu, Harima, Awaji, furthermore recruited laborers from folk dwellings in Settsu, Harima and Awaji provinces and petitioned the Emperor to reconstruct the port as well as Kawajiri no tomari and Uozumi no tomari.
- 大久保ら岩倉使節団の外遊組帰国以前の8月17日、一度は閣議で西郷を朝鮮へ全権大使として派遣することが決まったが、翌日この案を上奏された明治天皇は「外遊組帰国まで国家に関わる重要案件は決定しない」という取り決めを基に岩倉具視が帰国するまで待ち、岩倉と熟議した上で再度上奏するようにと、西郷派遣案を却下している(岩倉の帰国は9月17日)。
- Prior to the homecoming of the official travel group of Iwakura Mission including OKUBO, on the August 17, dispatch of SAIGO to the Korea as an ambassador plenipotentiary was once approved in a Cabinet meeting, but when the Emperor Meiji received a report of the proposal on the next day he rejected the SAIGO's dispatch plan based on the agreement that 'won't decide important matters related to the country until the official travel group's homecoming', and asked them to wait for homecoming of Tomomi IWAKURA, and report it again after deep deliberation with IWAKURA (IWAKURA comes home on September 17).
- 大日本帝国憲法第5条 天皇は帝国議会の協賛を以て立法権を行ふ、大日本帝国憲法第64条 第1項 国家の歳出歳入は毎年予算を以て帝国議会の協賛を経へしにより、軍の編成・維持のための予算は議会が決定する物であるが、統帥部は、軍事に関する情報を内閣に通さず天皇に報告(帷幄上奏)できたため、国務大臣(内閣)が関わる必要がないと言う考えが大勢を占めた。
- The constitution of the Empire of Japan the Article 5 said that the Emperor acts the legislative power with a support of Imperial Diet, and the Article 64, Provision 1 said that the state annual expenditure and revenue was committed by a support of Imperial Diet with annual budget, so that the budget for the organization and maintenance of the army should have been decided by Imperial Diet, however, as Supreme Command Staff could make comments on military affairs to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results without confirmation of the Cabinet, (Iaku-joso) the idea that the Minister of State (Cabinet) would not be necessary for the process occupied in general.
- 浅野内匠頭の弟であり、兄の養子に入っていた浅野長広は刃傷発生を知ると即刻伝奏屋敷(現在の東京都千代田区丸の内1-4日本工業倶楽部)から鉄砲州の上屋敷(現在の東京都中央区 (東京都)明石町 (東京都中央区)聖路加国際病院)に駆けつけたが、浅野内匠頭の正室の阿久里(後の瑤泉院)から上野介の生死について問われても答えられないほど狼狽していたといわれる。
- It is said that when Nagahiro ASANO, who was a brother of Asano Takumi no Kami and his adopted son, rushed from the residence for imperial envoys (current location of Japan Industrial Club at 1-4 Marunouchi, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo) to the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki (one of the residences granted to the feudal lord) (current location of St. Luke's International Hospital in Akashi-cho, Chuo Ward, Tokyo) as soon as he received the news about the attack, he was in such panic and unable to answer any question from Asano Takumi no Kami's wife Aguri (later known as Yozenin) about Kozuke no suke's survival.
- もっとも、当時の天文道・暦道は日食の発生の予知の正確さについてはかなり高かったものの、その他の分野に関しては毎日戌の刻と寅の刻に行われる定時観測を維持するだけの人員と設備しかなかったと考えられており、天文博士らが確実に異常な天文現象を観測できる保証が無かったために、実際には異常な天文現象が発生しても、天文密奏が行われなかった例も相当数あったと考えられている。
- It was considered that tenmondo and rekido in those days provided relatively highly accurate prediction of solar eclipse, but that since their personnel and equipment were only enough for keeping their standard time observation from eight to ten p.m. and from four to six a.m. and not enough for observing other phenomena, tenmon hakase and others were not guaranteed to observe unusual astronomical phenomenon without fail -- therefore, great many of unusual astronomical phenomena might have been left out of the tenmon misso.
- 更に宇多天皇の信任が厚く、符宣上卿(太政官符を発給する際の上卿)として28回も名を連ね、『日本三代実録』編纂開始時には源融・藤原良世と先任の上卿2人がいるにも関わらず撰国史所総裁を務めていること、寛平7年(895年)には位階昇進の人事草案を提出する擬階奏を行っている(いずれも摂関もしくは一上が務める慣例であった)ことから、藤原基経没後は能有が事実上の政権担当者として寛平の治を押し進めたと考えられている。
- In addition, he won Emperor Uda's esteem and was assigned to serve as Fusen jokyo, a commander who led dajokanpu (official documents from the Grand Council of State) 28 times, and from the fact that he served as the president of Senkokushisho (an organization which edits national history books) when the editing of 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' (sixth of the six classical Japanese history texts) began even though there were 2 other senior commanders like MINAMOTO no Toru and FUJIWARA no Yoshiyo, also in 895, he submitted a personnel proposal for promotion in rank (generally, both of these roles were played by Regents and Chancellor Ichinokami - Minister of the Left), Yoshiari pushed forward the peaceful era of Kanpyo as a factual administration after FUJIWARA no Mototsune died.
- 特に、1887年に条約改正や欧化政策に対する反発から伊藤に対して宮内大臣を辞任を要求する意見が宮中側近側より出た際には、天皇は伊藤の辞任を認めず、引き続き宮内大臣の職と憲法草案作成の職務にあたるように指示し、宮中側近側にあった農商務大臣谷干城が条約改正案反対の上奏を行おうとした際には元田による谷への謁見の勧めにも関わらず、「機務六条」の原則を理由に外務大臣の職務を犯すべきではないとしてこれを受け入れずに、谷の更迭を許した。
- Especially when supporters of his close advisors in the Imperial court demanded Ito to resign from the Imperial Households Minister in 1887 in protest against the revision of the treaty and his Europeanization policy, the Emperor did not accept Ito's resignation and, instead, ordered him to continue to serve as the Imperial Households Minister and to work on the draft constitution, and also when Tateki TANI, the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce on the side of Emperor's close advisors in the Imperial court, attempted to report against the proposal for revision of the treaty to the throne, the Emperor would not see Tani against Motoda's advice, saying he should not violate the duties of the Minister of Foreign Affairs according to the principles of 'Kimu rokujo' and allowed to remove Tani.
- これに対して山梨半造陸軍大臣をはじめ、田中義一前陸相及び元老山縣有朋は、軍部大臣に文官を任命することは軍人勅諭及び帝国憲法の統帥権の解釈からして不適当であること、陸軍省官制および海軍省官制には軍部大臣が現役あるいは予備役の大将・中将と明記され(当時は軍部大臣現役武官制ではない)ていること、また、陸海軍大臣の帷幄上奏には統帥に関わる部分も含まれており、これを文官が代理するのは憲法で保障された統帥権の独立に対する違憲行為であるとして反発した。
- Hanzo YAMANASHI, the Minister of Army, Giichi TANAKA, the former Minister of Army, and Aritomo YAMAGATA, the Genro, rebelled to appoint the civil officer to the Minister of Military, because it was not appropriate to the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors and the understanding of supreme command in the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the government regulations of the Ministry of Army and Navy described that the Minister of Military should be the Major Captain and Lieutenant General in commission or reserve duty (The Military ministers to be officers on active-duty rule was not adopted at that time.), and Iaku-joso (making comments on military affairs to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results) by the Minister of Army and Navy included a part related to the supreme command, the substitution of the duty by the civil officer would be the unconstitutional action against the independence of the supreme command which secured under the Constitution.
- また、上奏する資格も平安時代中期以後には天文博士を世襲した阿倍氏と局務の中原氏の両家のみに限定されるようになっていく(なお、中原氏の天文密奏は醍醐天皇の時代の中原以忠(後に天禄2年(972年)に宗家の中原有象とともに中原のカバネを与えられて同氏の祖となる)に遡り、同氏本来の外記の職務とは別に同氏が家学としていた明経道の出典である漢籍には天文現象の解釈に関する記述が含まれていることが多く、天文道に通じた人物を輩出することが多かった事によるとされている)。
- After the mid Heian period, such direct access to the emperor was only allowed to the Abe clan whose hereditary occupation was tenmon hakase and the Nakahara clan which was kyokumu (the chief secretary of the Daijokan, or Grand Council of State); incidentally, the Nakahara clan had assumed the role of tenmon misso from Mochitada NAKAHARA in the tenure of Emperor Daigo (afterwards in 972, he was granted the family name of NAKAHARA along with Uzo NAKAHARA [中原有象] of the head family and originated the clan), allegedly because, besides the clan's hereditary occupation of Geki [Secretary of the Grand Council of State], it inherited the family learning of Myogo-do [the study of Confucian classics] and used many Chinese classics as source books, many of which contained elucidation of astronomical phenomena so that the clan produced many persons well versed in tenmondo.