天皇: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 今上天皇
- the present Emperor
- Kinjoutennou (emperor) (1933.12.23-)
- Kinjo Tenno (the present emperor)
- 天皇の大権
- The Emperor's Authority
- 天皇の地位
- The Status of the Emperor
- 天皇の追号。
- A posthumous title of the Emperor
- 前四代天皇陵
- The Imperial mausoleum of previous four Emperors
- 天皇制絶対主義
- Tennosei Absolutism
- 光格天皇は弟。
- The Emperor Kokaku was his younger brother.
- 父は用明天皇。
- His father was the Emperor Yomei.
- 天皇の休息所。
- The Emperor's rest area
- 欽明天皇の母。
- She was the mother of Emperor Kinmei.
- 舒明天皇の母。
- She was the mother of the Emperor Jomei.
- 明治天皇を参照
- Refer to Emperor Meiji.
- 大正天皇を参照
- Refers to Emperor Taisho.
- 昭和天皇を参照
- Refers to Emperor Showa.
- 文武天皇の夫人。
- She became a consort of the Emperor Monmu.
- 太上天皇の称号。
- A title of Daijo Tenno (the Retired Emperor)
- 景行天皇の皇子。
- Prince Oousu was a prince of the Emperor Keiko.
- 東山天皇の中宮。
- She was given the position 'Chugu' (the empress) of the Emperor Higashiyama.
- 天武天皇の曾孫。
- He was a great-grandchild of the Emperor Tenmu.
- He was a great grand-child of the Emperor Tenmu.
- 光仁天皇の皇子。
- He was the imperial prince of Emperor Konin.
- 孝徳天皇の皇后。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Kotoku.
- 敏達天皇の皇女)
- The Imperial princess of the Emperor Bidatsu).
- (The Imperial princess of the Emperor Bidatsu)
- 欽明天皇の皇女。
- She was a princess of the Emperor Kinmei.
- 明治天皇の直宮家
- The Jikimiyake of Emperor Meiji
- 大正天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of Emperor Taisho
- 昭和天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of Emperor Showa
- 今上天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of the present Emperor
- 天皇誕生日の日付
- The date of the Emperor's Birthday
- 霊元天皇の生母。
- She was the real mother of the Emperor Reigen.
- 大正天皇の皇后。
- Empress Teimei was the Empress of Emperor Taisho.
- 明治天皇の皇后。
- She was the empress of Emperor Meiji.
- 後西天皇第八皇子。
- He was the eighth son of the Emperor Gosai.
- 明治天皇の即位の礼
- Sokui no rei of Emperor Meiji
- 光仁天皇第一皇女。
- She was the first princess of Emperor Konin.
- 桓武天皇の同母姉。
- She was an older sister-uterine of the Emperor Kanmu.
- 後光明天皇の生母。
- She was the real mother of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 霊元天皇の第十皇子。
- He was the tenth son of the Emperor Reigen.
- 仁孝天皇の第6王子。
- He was the 6th son of the Emperor Ninko.
- 光格天皇の第4王子。
- He was the forth son of the Emperor Kokaku.
- 桃園天皇の第二皇子。
- He was the second son of Emperor Momozono.
- 後西天皇の第一皇子。
- He was the first son of the Emperor Gosai.
- 舒明天皇の第一皇子。
- He was the first prince of Emperor Jomei.
- 昭和天皇の第一皇子。
- He is the first prince of the late Emperor Showa.
- 東山天皇の第六皇子。
- He was the sixth prince of Emperor Higashiyama.
- 開化天皇の第3皇子。
- Prince Hikoimasu was the third Prince of the Emperor Kaika.
- 世襲親王家出身の天皇
- Emperors from the Seshu-Shinno-ke
- 天智天皇の第二皇子。
- He was the second prince of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 崇神天皇の第三皇子。
- He was the third prince of Emperor Sujin.
- 近代以降の天皇の称号
- The titles of Emperors in the modern times.
- 文武天皇の第一皇子。
- He was the first prince of Emperor Monmu.
- 後水尾天皇第11皇子。
- He was the 11th Prince of Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 60代醍醐天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the sixtieth Emperor Daigo.
- 62代村上天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the sixty-second Emperor Murakami.
- 59代宇多天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-ninth Emperor Uda.
- 65代花山天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the sixty-fifth Emperor Kazan.
- 58代光孝天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-eighth Emperor Koko.
- 63代冷泉天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the sixty-third Emperor Reizei.
- 57代陽成天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-seventh Emperor Yozei.
- 56代清和天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-sixth Emperor Seiwa.
- 55代文徳天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-fifth Emperor Montoku.
- 54代仁明天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-fourth Emperor Ninmyo.
- 52代嵯峨天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifty-second Emperor Saga.
- 橘諸兄 敏達天皇4世孫
- TACHIBANA no Moroe The 4th grandchild of the Emperor Bidatsu
- 平将門 桓武天皇5世孫
- TAIRA no Masakado The 5th grandchild of the Emperor Kanmu
- 後光明天皇の第一皇女。
- She was the first princess of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 今上天皇の呼称について
- Regarding the naming of Kinjo Tenno (the present Emperor)
- 天皇は軍隊を統帥権する。
- The Emperor has the supreme command of the Army and Navy.
- 天皇と皇太子が使用する。
- Red fans were used by the emperors and crown princes.
- 聖武天皇の外孫にあたる。
- He was a grandchild from a daughter married into another family of Emperor Shomu.
- 垂仁天皇の皇后 (前)。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Suinin (previous).
- 応神天皇の玄孫に当たる。
- Hikoushio was a great-great-grandchild of the Emperor Ojin.
- 神功皇后 開化天皇5世孫
- Empress Jingu The 5th grandchild of the Emperor Kaika
- 武内宿禰 孝元天皇4世孫
- TAKENOUCHI no Sukune The 4th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen
- 在原業平 平城天皇2世孫
- ARIWARA no Narihira The 2nd grandchild of the Emperor Heizei (Heijo)
- 後水尾天皇の後宮の一人。
- She was one of the consorts of the Emperor Gomizunoo.
- - 第124代・昭和天皇
- - The 124th Emperor, the Emperor Showa
- 国務大臣は天皇を輔弼する。
- The respective Ministers of State shall give their advice to the Emperor.
- 697年、文武天皇に嫁ぐ。
- She married the Emperor Monmu in 697.
- 憲法下の天皇制(皇室制度)
- Tennosei (Imperial System) under the Constitutions
- 同母兄に垂仁天皇らがいる。
- The Emperor Suinin was a maternal half-brother of Princess Kunikatahime
- The Emperor Suinin was a maternal half-brother of Princess Chichitsuku Ymatohime
- 異母兄弟に成務天皇がいる。
- The Emperor Seimu was a paternal half-brother of Prince Oousu.
- 同母兄に、崇神天皇がいる。
- Emperor Sujin was his maternal half-brother.
- 天皇は7度召したと答えた。
- The Emperor Yuryaku answered, 'Seven Times.'
- 異母兄弟に孝元天皇がいる。
- The Emperor Kogen was his paternal half-brother of Princess Yamatototo Wakaya Hime.
- 今上天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of the present Emperor
- 昭和天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Showa
- 大正天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Taisho
- 父は天武天皇の皇子長皇子。
- His father was Naga no miko who was the prince of the Emperor Tenmu.
- 応神天皇の異母兄に当たる。
- Imperial Prince Kagosaka was the elder paternal half brother of the Emperor Ojin.
- 舒明天皇の異母兄に当たる。
- He was an older paternal half-brother of the Emperor Jomei.
- 106代正親町天皇の子孫。
- Descendants of the hundred and sixth Emperor Ogimachi.
- 彼は敏達天皇の嫡男だった。
- He was a legitimate son of the Emperor Bidatsu.
- 同母弟に懿徳天皇らがいる。
- His younger maternal half-brothers include Emperor Itoku.
- 全て昭和天皇の弟宮である。
- All are Emperor Showa's younger brothers.
- 蘇我馬子 孝元天皇10世孫
- SOGA no Umako The 10th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen
- 垂仁天皇の同母弟に当たる。
- He was the younger maternal half-brother of Emperor Suinin.
- 清少納言 天武天皇10世孫
- Sei Shonagon; Seishonagon The 10th grandchild of the Emperor Tenmu
- 天皇とは28歳差であった。
- She was 28 years younger than the emperor.
- 初の男性の太上天皇となる。
- He became the first male Daijo Tenno (the Retired Emperor).
- 出自:履中天皇皇女か皇孫か。
- Place of origin: Emperor Richu's Princess or Imperial descendant?
- 妻は欽明天皇の皇女舎人皇女。
- His wife was Toneri no himemiko, the imperial princess of the Emperor Kinmei.
- 桓武天皇、能登内親王の同母弟。
- He was the younger maternal half-brother of Emperor Kanmu and Imperial Princess Noto.
- 舒明天皇・茅渟王の父に当たる。
- He was the father of the Emperor Jomei and Chinu no Okimi.
- 大正天皇即位による大礼使総裁。
- Then, he served the Taireishi Sousai (president of the administrative organization to oversee an imperial or state ceremony) as the president when the Emperor Taisho had his enthronement ceremony.
- 仁徳天皇2年(314年)立后。
- She became an Empress in 314.
- 「平成天皇」という呼称について
- Regarding the naming of Heisei Tenno (the Emperor Heisei)
- この皇子は後の反正天皇にあたる。
- That Prince was later Emperor Hanzei.
- 天武天皇の夫人で、但馬皇女の母。
- Her husband was the Emperor Tenmu, and her daughter was Tajima no himemiko.
- 天皇や大臣などの高官に例がある。
- Some emperors and high officials such as ministers used this type of fan.
- 通達し、父の天皇から寵愛された。
- He attained proficient knowledge, and hus became favored by his father, the Emperor Ojin.
- 父は舎人親王(天武天皇の皇子)。
- His father was the Imperial Prince Toneri (the prince of Emperor Temmu).
- 兄に三原王、弟に淳仁天皇がいる。
- His older brother was Mihara no Okimi and his younger brother was the Emperor Junnin.
- 即位せず太上天皇待遇を受けた皇族
- The members of imperial family who received the treatment of Daijo tenno without ascending the throne.
- 田村王(たむらのみこ、舒明天皇)
- Tamura no Miko (the Emperor Jomei)
- 88代後嵯峨天皇の孫・惟康親王。
- The Imperial Prince Koreyasu, a grandchild of the eighty-eighth Emperor Gosaga.
- 景行天皇の子で、母は八坂入媛命。
- He was the son of Emperor Keiko, and his mother was Yasakairibine no mikoto.
- 昭和天皇親臨のうえ勅語を賜った。
- The Emperor Showa himself came to the banquet and made an Ordinance.
- 桜井皇子(欽明天皇の皇子)の女。
- Her father was Prince Sakurai (Son of Emperor Kinmei).
- うち末子の皇子が霊元天皇となる。
- The youngest prince became the Emperor Reigen.
- 敏達天皇の孫(『新撰姓氏録』)。
- He was a grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu ('Shinsen Shojiroku' [Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility]).
- 孝霊天皇の皇子で、母は、絙某弟。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Korei, and his mother was Haeirodo.
- 大正天皇との間には4男を儲けた。
- With the Emperor Taisho, the Empress Teimei bore four princes.
- 「絶対主義的天皇制」とも言われる。
- It is also called 'Absolute Tennosei' (Absolute Emperor System).
- 舒明天皇の孫で、古人大兄皇子の娘。
- Her grandfather was the Emperor Jomei, and her father was Furuhito no Oe no Miko.
- 11月25日 明治天皇陵に親謁の儀
- November 25: The ceremony of shinetsu, Emperor's visit, to the Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Meiji
- 天皇候補に名が挙がったことがある。
- He was once nominated for an heir to the Imperial throne.
- 天武天皇の治下で吉備大宰を務めた。
- He was the province governor-general of Kibi Province under the Emperor Tenmu's reign.
- 同母兄(弟とも)に武烈天皇がいる。
- Her older (or younger) maternal half-brother was Emperor Buretsu.
- 同母姉に大田皇女・持統天皇がいる。
- He had older sisters-uterine, Ota no himemiko and the Empress Jito.
- 日本の上皇については太上天皇参照。
- For joko in Japan, refer to the Daijo Tenno section.
- 仁徳天皇の皇子で、母は、磐之姫命。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Nintoku, and his mother was Iwanohime no mikoto.
- 父は天武天皇、母は宍人臣大麻呂の女。
- His father was the Emperor Tenmu, and his mother was a daughter of Shishihito no omi Omaro.
- 琉歌を詠んだ天皇は史上初めてである。
- He is the first emperor in history who composed Ryuka Traditional Okinawa Poem.
- 第111代後西天皇 有栖川宮家当主。
- The hundred and eleventh Emperor Gosai: the head of the Arisugawanomiya family
- この一族は清和天皇の皇子を祖とする。
- This family is descended from the princes of the Emperor Seiwa.
- 代々天皇の侍読(家庭教師)を務める。
- The family served as the emperor's jidoku (Imperial tutor) (tutor) for generations.
- 景行天皇の皇子で、母は伊那毘若郎女。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Keiko and his mother was Inabi no wakairatsume.
- 孝徳天皇の妃となり、有間皇子を生む。
- She married the Emperor Kotoku and had the Prince Arima.
- 仁徳天皇の皇子で、母は、日向髪長媛。
- He was the prince of Emperor Nintoku, and his mother was Himuka kaminagahime.
- 任務を終了すると、天皇に返還された。
- After their mission, the sword was returned to the Emperor.
- なお昭和天皇は当日進講を受けていた。
- Additionally, the Emperor Showa was receiving a Shinko (giving a lecture in the Emperor's presence) lecture when he heard the news of the Empress Teimei's (his mother) demise.
- 天皇は国の元首にして統治権を総攬する。
- The Emperor was the head of the Empire, combining in Himself the rights of sovereignty, and the exercise of them.
- しかし、同年11月に後桃園天皇が崩御。
- The Emperor Gomomozono passed away in November 1779.
- 翌年に天皇が崩じたが、太子は即位せず。
- The next year, the Emperor Ojin passed away, but the Crown Prince (Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko) did not ascend to the throne.
- 親王の父・白壁王は天智天皇の孫である。
- Shirakabe no okimi, father of the Imperial Prince was a grandson of Emperor Tenchi.
- 大日本帝国憲法でも天皇の称号を用いた。
- The title Tenno was also adopted in the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 天武天皇の皇子舎人親王の血筋を称する。
- There were claims of a blood relationship to Imperial Prince Toneri, the prince of the Emperor Temmu.
- 土御門天皇の外祖父として権勢を振るう。
- He wielded power as the maternal grandfather of Emperor Tsuchimikado.
- 皇帝、天皇の娘の場合は皇女と呼ばれる。
- A daughter of an emperor is called imperial princess.
- 孝霊天皇の皇子で、母は絙某弟とされる。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Korei, and his mother was Haeirodo.
- 孝元天皇の男系来孫(古事記では玄孫)。
- She was the great great great grandchild (great-great-grandson in Kojiki [The Records of Ancient Matters]) of the male line of Emperor Kogen.
- 1912年7月30日、明治天皇が崩御。
- The demise of the Meiji Emperor was July 30, 1912.
- 弘計王(おけのみこ、来目稚子・顕宗天皇)
- Prince Oke (Oke no Miko; also known as Kume no Wakugo, and the Emperor Kenzo)
- 同母妹に持統天皇、同母弟に建皇子がいる。
- She had an younger sister-uterine, the Empress Jito, and an younger brother-uterine, Takeru no miko.
- 異母兄弟に垂仁天皇、豊城入彦命らがいる。
- The paternal half-brothers of Princess Nunaki iribime were The Emperor Suinin and Prince Toyokiiribiko.
- The paternal half-brothers of Princess Tochini iribime were The Emperor Suinin and Prince Toyokiiribiko.
- 父天皇の寵愛を受けて皇太子に立てられた。
- Although the Emperor Ojin, the prince's father, favored Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko and chose him as the Crown Prince.
- 娘に天智天皇の皇后となった倭姫王がいる。
- He had a daughter, Yamatohime no Okimi, who became the empress of Emperor Tenchi.
- 明仁(今上天皇):1952年11月10日
- Akihito (the present Emperor): November 10, 1952
- この時、昭和天皇から手紙を送られている。
- He received letters from the Emperor Showa while he evacuated.
- 記紀は継体を応神天皇の5世孫としている。
- According to Kiki ('A Record of Ancient Matter' and 'Chronicles of Japan'), the Emperor Keitai was a fifth generation descendent grandchild of the Emperor Ojin.
- 家業は紀伝道で、代々天皇の侍読を務めた。
- The house business was 'Kidendo,' the study of the histories, and the family provided Imperial tutors for generations.
- Serving as historians was their family profession, and they served as Imperial tutors to the emperor for generations.
- 67代三条天皇の第一皇子敦明親王の子孫。
- Descendants of the first Prince Atsuakira of the sixty-seventh Emperor Sanjo.
- 弘文天皇の妃の一人であったとされている。
- She is considered to be as one of the Emperor Kobun's wives.
- 安寧天皇の第一皇子で、母は渟名底仲媛命。
- He was the first Imperial prince of Emperor Annei, and his mother was Nunasokonakatsuhime no mikoto.
- 『古事記』ではこの天皇までを記している。
- 'Kojiki' includes issues down to the era of this Emperor.
- その為明治天皇とは義理のいとこにあたる。
- Therefore, the Emperor Meiji was a cousin of the Empress Teimei through marriage.
- 天皇は帝国議会の協賛を以って立法権を行う。
- The Emperor exercises the legislative power with the consent of the Imperial Diet.
- 現在は天皇が御引直衣に使用するだけである。
- Today, the emperor uses a suo fan only with ohiki noshi (clothes).
- 大正天皇陵 多摩陵(東京都八王子市長房町)
- The Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Taisho: the Tama Mausoleum (Nagafusamachi, Hachioji City, Tokyo)
- 嘉仁親王(大正天皇):1889年11月3日
- Yoshihito Shinno (the term Shinno refers to Imperial Prince) (Emperor Taisho): November 3, 1889
- 71代後三条天皇の第三皇子輔仁親王の子孫。
- Descendants of the third Prince Sukehito of the 71st Emperor Gosanjo.
- 天皇が崩御ときは、皇嗣が、直ちに即位する。
- When an emperor passes away, the imperial heir will ascend to the throne immediately.
- 姉妹には、天智天皇の妃となった橘娘がいる。
- Her sister was TACHIBANA no Iratsume who married the Emperor Tenchi.
- 大正天皇以外の男子4人は夭折したためなし。
- No Jikimiyake were established because among his five sons, four died young, leaving only Emperor Taisho.
- 子に孝明天皇のほか二皇子一皇女をもうけた。
- She had some children who were Emperor Komei, two other princes and one princess.
- 東山天皇の第一皇女で、伏見宮貞建親王の妃。
- She was the first princess of the Emperor Higashiyama and the wife of the Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadatake.
- 裕仁親王(昭和天皇):1916年11月3日
- Hirohito Shinno (Emperor Showa): November 3, 1916
- (天皇を)元首と言って差し支えないと考える。
- We think it is correct to call the Emperor, the head of the country.
- 寬保2年(1742年)桃園天皇の猶子となる。
- In 1742, he was adopted by the Emperor Momozono.
- 後西天皇の第二皇子、母は清閑寺共綱の娘共子。
- He was the second son of the Emperor Gosai, and his mother was Tomoko who was a daughter of Tomotsuna SEIKANJI.
- このとき歴代天皇に漢風諡号が一括撰進された。
- At that time, Chinese-style posthumous names for all the Emperors in history were selected.
- なお特例として近世の天皇の神事用の扇がある。
- A special case was fans for the emperor used in Shinto rituals in the early-modern times.
- 694年(持統天皇8年)筑紫大宰率・浄広肆。
- In 694, he was appointed as Tsukushi no Omikotomochi no Tsukasa (the chief of the governors of northern Kyushu) and Jokoshi (the last rank among Princes from 685 to 701).
- 昭和天皇陵 武蔵野陵(東京都八王子市長房町)
- The Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Showa: the Musashino Imperial Mausoleum (Nagafusamachi, Hachioji City, Tokyo)
- 被災者は天皇の慰めに涙を流したと伝えられた。
- It was reported that the victims shed tears with the Emperor's consolation.
- 姉妹には、孝徳天皇の妃となった小足媛がいる。
- Her sister was Otarashihime who married the Emperor Kotoku.
- 天武天皇の皇女で、母は蘇我赤兄の娘、大蕤娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenmu, and her mother was Onu no iratsume, who was a daughter of SOGA no Akae.
- これを哀れんだ垂仁天皇は殉死の禁令を出した。
- Emperor Suinin, who took pity on this, issued a ban of junshi.
- 億計王(おけのみこ、島稚子・大石尊・仁賢天皇)
- Prince Oke (Oke no Miko also known as Shima no Wakugo, Oshi no Mikoto, and the Emperor Ninken)
- 天武天皇5年(676年)6月、四位で病死した。
- He died of illness in July 676, his rank being Shii (Forth Court Rank).
- 天智天皇の皇后であるが、子には恵まれなかった。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Tenchi, but she did not have any children.
- 父は天武天皇皇子の高市皇子で兄に長屋王がいる。
- His father was the Prince Takechi, a son of the Emperor Tenmu and Nagayao (the Prince Nagaya) was his older brother.
- 日本では即位とは天皇がその位につくことである。
- In Japan, the enthronement means that an emperor accedes to the throne.
- 異母兄弟に孝元天皇、倭迹迹日百襲媛命らがいる。
- The Emperor Kogen and Princess Yamatototo Himomoso Hime were the paternal half-brother and sister of Princess Chichihaya Hime.
- 父は光仁天皇(当時は白壁王)、母は井上内親王。
- His father was Emperor Kojin (Shirakabe no okimi at that time) and mother was Imperial Princess Inoe.
- 麻績郎女は継体天皇の妃として荳角皇女を産んだ。
- Ominoiratsume married the Emperor Keitai as a princess and bore a princess, Imperial Princess Sasage Sasage no Hime Miko.
- また、開化天皇の孫、神功皇后の曽祖父に当たる。
- Additionally, Prince Yamashiro no Otsutsukimawaka was a grandchild of the Emperor Kaika; he was also a great-grand father of the Empress Jingu.
- 天皇はとても悲しみ、石川王に諸王二位を贈った。
- The emperor was greatly depressed and conferred Shoo (princes without imperial proclamation) Nii (Second Rank) to Ishikawa no Okimi.
- それにより、大王として擁立された(継体天皇)。
- Then, Odo no Okimi ascended to the throne (the Emperor Keitai).
- 第119代光格天皇:閑院宮典仁親王の第6王子。
- The hundred nineteenth Emperor Kokaku: the sixth son of Imperial Prince Sukehito KANINNOMIYA
- 和宮は、仁孝天皇崩御後は、橋本家で養育された。
- KAZUNOMIYA was brought up in the Hashimoto family after the death of the Emperor Ninko.
- 77代後白河天皇の第二皇子・以仁王(高倉宮)。
- The second Prince Mochihito (Takakura) of the seventy-seventh Emperor Goshirakawa.
- 父は第30代敏達天皇、母は伊勢大鹿首小熊の女。
- Her father was the thirtieth Emperor Bidatsu, and her mother was a daughter of Ise no Ooka no obito oguma.
- 後水尾天皇の典侍の一人に選ばれ、後宮に入った。
- She was chosen to be one of the Naishi no suke (court ladies of the first rank) of the Emperor Gomizunoo and entered the kokyu (inner palace).
- 天皇家同様男子血統でつながらなければならない。
- Like the Imperial Family, it must share the common agnate blood line.
- 孝明天皇の女御である英照皇太后は伯母にあたる。
- The Empress Dowager Eisho, a nyogo (a consort) of Emperor Komei, was an aunt of the Empress Teimei.
- 司法権は天皇の名に於いて法律により裁判所が行う。
- The Judicature shall be exercised by the Courts of Law according to law, in the name of the Emperor.
- が、大泊瀬皇子(後の雄略天皇)の兵に攻められた。
- But, the army of Prince Ohatsuse (Ohatsuse no Miko; later, he became the Emperor Yuryaku) attacked them.
- 御息所とは、文字通り天皇の休息所を意味していた。
- Miyasundokoro literally meant the Emperor's rest area.
- その精励ぶりは歴代天皇には見られないものである。
- He has devoted himself to his duties so hard that no other successive emperors can compare with him.
- 敏達天皇の第一皇子で、母は息長真手王の娘・広姫。
- He was the first son of the Emperor Bidatsu and his mother was Hiro hime, a daughter of Okinaga no Mate no Okimi.
- 万延元年(1860年) 妙法院相続、孝明天皇養子
- In 1860, Imperial Prince Fushimi Sadanaru became the successor of Myoho-in Temple, and some time later he was adopted by the Emperor Komei.
- 第102代後花園天皇:伏見宮貞成親王の第1皇子。
- The hundred and second Emperor Gohanazono: the first son of Imperial Prince Sadafusa FUSHIMINOMIYA
- 孝元天皇の皇子大彦命を祖先とする臣籍降下である。
- The Abe clan's status was demoted from being a member of the Imperial Family to that of its subject, and was a descendant of Obiko no Mikoto, the son of the Emperor Kogen.
- 皇位(こうい)は、日本で天皇の位を意味する概念。
- The notion of the Imperial Throne means the throne of Emperor in Japan.
- 寛永10年(1633年)に後光明天皇を出産した。
- She gave birth to the Emperor Gokomyo in 1633.
- また後継の後西天皇から壬生院の院号を宣下された。
- She was given the Ingo of Mibuin by the Emperor Gosai, who succeeded to the throne.
- 天皇・太皇太后・皇太后の死にあたり喪に服する期間。
- It is a period of mourning for the Emperor, the Grand Empress Dowager, and the Empress Dowager.
- 紀元前92年に、天皇の命により、倭大国魂神を祀る。
- In B.C 92, the Emperor Suinin ordered Princess Numakiiribe to worship 'Yamato no Ookuni Tamanokami (a Japanese God appearing in Japanese Mythology).'
- 同母兄に大彦命、少名日子建猪心命、開化天皇がいる。
- Prince Obiko, Prince Sukunahiko Takeigokoro, and Emperor Kaika were her maternal half-brothers.
- 800年、崇道天皇と追称され、大和国に移葬された。
- In 800, he was given the posthumous name 'Emperor Sudo,' and his body was transferred to Yamato Province and was buried there.
- 29日夕方には提灯行列が出て天皇の訪問を奉祝した。
- People in the city celebrated the Emperor's visit by holding the lantern procession in the evening of October 29.
- また、彦坐王の孫、すなわち開化天皇の曾孫に当たる。
- Furthermore, Prince Kanimeikazuchi was the grandson of Prince Hikoimasu, in other words, he was a great-grandchild of the Emperor Kaika.
- 天武天皇7年(678年)9月に、三位で亡くなった。
- Wakasa no Okimi died in September 678, when he was in a position of Sanmi (Third Rank).
- この後、政府内の憲法案は全て「天皇」と表記された。
- Thereafter, in the drafts prepared in the government, the Emperor's title was always 'Tenno.'
- この間に生まれたのが武烈天皇と手白香皇女らである。
- The children born between them included Emperor Buretsu and Princess Tashiraka.
- 忠顕は後醍醐天皇に近侍し、建武政権でも重用された。
- Tadaaki served the Emperor Godaigo and was appointed to a responsible post in the Kenmu government.
- 天智天皇の妃となり、明日香皇女と新田部皇女を生む。
- She married the Emperor Tenchi and had the Princess Asuka and the Princess Nitabe.
- 天武天皇の皇女で、母は宍人臣大麻呂の娘、かじ媛娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenmu, and her mother was Kajihime no iratsume, who was a daughter of SHISHIUDOOMI no Omaro.
- また、遊部は垂仁天皇の子孫であるとも言われている。
- It was also said that Asobibe was the descendant of Emperor Suinin.
- 子に品陀真若王(応神天皇の皇后仲姫命の父)がいる。
- Homudamawaka no miko (the father of Nakatsuhime no mikoto, who was the empress of Emperor Ojin) was his child.
- このため、昭和天皇以降の内親王は臣籍降下している。
- Therefore Imperial Princesses who did koka (got married a man from non-imperial family) after the enthronement of Emperor Showa were identified themselves by their husbands' family names.
- 母は中蒂姫命(なかしひめのみこと。履中天皇の皇女)。
- The mother of Prince Mayowa was Princess Nakashi, (中蒂姫命, Nakashi no Mikoto; she was a princess of the Emperor Richu.)
- 父は大草香皇子(おおくさかのみこ。仁徳天皇の皇子)。
- The father of Prince Mayowa was Imperial Prince Okusaka, (Okusaka no Miko; he was a prince of the Emperor Nintoku.)
- 父は天智天皇で、母は蘇我倉山田石川麻呂の娘・遠智娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), and her mother was Ochi no iratsume, a daughter of SOGANOKURA-YAMADA no Ishikawamaro.
- 1年間だったが、後に仁明天皇により13日間となった。
- It used to be a year long, but was set 13 days by Emperor Ninmyo later.
- しかし、密通して復命せず、天皇の恨みを買ってしまう。
- However, Prince Oousu committed adultery with one lady (or the ladies) and did not complete his mission, incurring the Emperor Keiko's ill will.
- 天皇の成立とともに皇女の字があてられるようになった。
- And, the characters of 皇女 came to be applied for Himemiko, along with the establishment of Tenno (emperor).
- そこで天皇は女の子を皇女とし、母の童女君を妃とした。
- Thus, the Emperor Yuryaku recognized the little girl (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) as an Imperial princess, and the mother was elevated to his princess (consort).
- その結果、蘇我蝦夷の擁立する舒明天皇らと皇位を争う。
- As a result, Prince Yamashiro no oe competed against Emperor Jomei backed by SOGA no Emishi for the Imperial Throne.
- その後、天皇の意向を受け宮内庁が病名を公式発表した。
- Afterward, the Imperial Household Agency officially announced the name of a disease following the Emperor's wish.
- 一方で皇太子時代には後水尾天皇に言及したこともある。
- Meanwhile, he once mentioned the Emperor Gomizunoo when he was the Crown Prince.
- その場所は奈良市八嶋町の崇道天皇陵に比定されている。
- That place is identified with 'Sudo Tenno Ryo' (the mausoleum of Emperor Sudo) in Yashima Town, Nara City.
- 同母妹の忍坂大中姫・衣通姫は允恭天皇に入内している。
- The half maternal sisters of Prince Ohodo were Oshisakano onakatsunohimeno Mikoto and Sotoorihime, each of them became a judai (As an Imperial bride, a daughter of nobles or royal family whose entered into the Imperial court.) to the Emperor Ingyo's court.
- 「父天皇崩後 娶庶母間人孔部王生兒 佐富女王 一也」
- After the demise of the Emperor Yomei, he married his mother-in-law Anahobe no hashihitohime and had a daughter, Satomi no Himemiko.'
- 親王は始め妙法院を相続したのち孝明天皇の養子となる。
- Imperial Prince (Fushiminomiya Sadanaru) first became the successor of the Myoho-in Temple, and then later, he was adopted by the Emperor Komei.
- 仁明天皇の子、源多・源光 (公卿)は右大臣となった。
- MINAMOTO no Masaru and MINAMOTO no Hikaru (court nobles), children of the Emperor Ninmyo, became Udaijin, Minister of the Right.
- 後醍醐天皇は倒幕の綸旨を下し、大きな転換期を迎えた。
- Emperor Godaigo ordered to issue rinji (the Emperor's command) to overthrow the Shogunate, which reached a major turning point.
- 第11代垂仁天皇の皇子、意知別命を祖とするとされる。
- The Ozuki clan is believed to have originated with OCHIWAKE no Mikoto, an Imperial Prince of the eleventh Emperor Suinin.
- 今上天皇の子が創設した宮家が最も格式が高いとされる。
- The Miyake which have been established by the present Emperor are considered to have the highest social status.
- 高松宮:大正天皇第三皇子の高松宮宣仁親王により創設。
- Takamatsunomiya: established by Imperial prince Takamatsunomiya Nobuhito, the third Imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- 秩父宮:大正天皇第二皇子の秩父宮雍仁親王により創設。
- Chichibunomiya: established by Imperial Prince Chichibunomiya Yasuhito, the second imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- しかし、天皇はその在位中常に冠を被って過ごしていた。
- On the other hand, an emperor always wore his Court cap throughout his reign.
- 御間城姫(みまきひめ、生没年不詳)は崇神天皇の皇后。
- Mimakihime (date of birth and death unknown) was the empress of Emperor Sujin.
- 夜御殿(よるのおとど)は、清涼殿の天皇の寝所である。
- Yoru-no-otodo is the bed room for the emperor in Seiryoden.
- 日本書紀欽明天皇2年3月条に書かれている『帝王本紀』
- 'Teio Honki' (The Chronicle of Emperors) written in the Nihonshoki Emperor Kinmei 2nd year March article
- 推古天皇15年(607年)、小野妹子を隋に派遣した。
- In 607, ONO no Imoko was sent to Sui.
- 文武天皇4年(700年)、浄広肆の位で4月4日に死去。
- She died in the rank of Jokoshi (Jugoinoge, or Junior Fifth Rank, Lower) on May 1, 700.
- 大日本帝国憲法において天皇は以下のように記されている。
- In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the amount of authority the Emperor had was stated as below:
- 京都府もやはり天皇支配を周知すべく告諭を行なっている。
- In Kyoto Prefecture, they also announced the imperial reign.
- 737年にやっと平癒、息子天皇と36年ぶりに対面した。
- It was not until 737 that she recovered from her illness, and managed to see her son, the Emperor Shomu for the first time in 36 years.
- その孫が男大迹王(袁本杼王)すなわち継体天皇とされる。
- Later, his grandson was Prince Odo (Odo no Kimi); also known as Odo no Mikoto, in other words, the Emperor Keitai.
- 大正元年(1912年) 明治天皇崩御により大喪使総裁。
- In 1912, Prince Sadanaru served as president of the taiso (Imperial mourning) when the Emperor Meiji met his demise.
- 嵯峨天皇は多くの皇子皇女に源氏姓を賜り臣籍降下させた。
- The Emperor Saga demoted a number of his princes and princesses by giving them the surname of Minamoto.
- Emperor Saga gave the surname of Genji to many princes and princesses, whereupon they ceased to be members of the imperial family.
- 天皇の生母としては、当時では異例の出自の低さであった。
- She was from an incredibly humble background as a real mother of an emperor in those days.
- 徳川義寛(尾張徳川家分家当主、男爵、昭和天皇の侍従長)
- Yoshihiro TOKUGAWA (the family head of a branch of the Owari Tokugawa family; a baron; the Grand Chamberlain for the Emperor Showa)
- 始祖とする桓武天皇の皇子によって大きく四流に分かれる。
- They can be broadly classified into four lineages according to the founders who were sons of the Emperor Kanmu.
- 今上天皇第二皇子の秋篠宮文仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- It has been established by Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Fumihito (who is presently the head of the family), the second Imperial prince of the present Emperor.
- 皇胤(こういん)とは、広く天皇の子孫を指す言葉である。
- The term Kouin refers to Imperial descendants.
- 平群真鳥 孝元天皇6世孫 日本に王たらんとしたという。
- HEGURI no Matori The 6th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen It is said that he tried but failed to become Emperor of Japan.
- 戦後、天皇誕生日として国民の祝日と定められ現在に至る。
- After the war, it is determined and still remains to be a national holiday as The Emperor's Birthday.
- 行政権は国務大臣の輔弼により天皇が自ら行うものとされた。
- The executive power was to be on the Emperor with the support of the Minister of State.
- 天保6年(1835年)父帝仁孝天皇の命で桂宮を継承する。
- In 1835, the prince became the head of the Katsura-no-miya family under the order of his father, the Emperor Ninko.
- 天皇は菊花紋章を置紋にして40歳頃未満は長飾りをつける。
- Emperors used the Imperial Crest of the Chrysanthemum as their heraldry, and when they were younger than forty, nagakazari was added.
- 応神天皇40年(309年)1月 (旧暦)に皇太子となる。
- In 309, Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko became the Crown Prince.
- 仁賢天皇の段に皇后として名が挙げられるにとどまっている。
- Only the daughter appeared as the Empress of the Emperor Ninken in his (the Emperor Ninken) genealogy section.
- 明治天皇陵 伏見桃山陵(京都府京都市伏見区桃山町古城山)
- The Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Meiji: the Fushimi Momoyama Mausoleum (Kojozan, Momoyamacho, Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture)
- 斉明天皇を中皇命とする説も沢潟久孝をはじめすくなくない。
- Hisataka OMODA and many other literati view that the Empress Saimei and Nakatsusumera Mikoto were the same person.
- 第107代後陽成天皇の第9皇子で一条家を相続した一条昭良
- Akiyoshi ICHIJO, the 9th Prince of the Emperor Goyozei, is the successor of the Ichijo family.
- 第107代後陽成天皇の第4皇子で近衛家を相続した近衛信尋
- Nobuhiro KONOE, the 4th Prince of the 107th Emperor Goyozei, is the successor of the Konoe family.
- 出勤した時の御所内の詰め所も異なり、天皇の待遇も違った。
- Tsumesho (station) in the Imperial Palace when attended the office were different and treatment from the emperor was also different.
- 安寧天皇の第三皇子である磯城津彦命が源流と言われている。
- It is said that the clan was descended from Shikitsuhiko no Mikoto, the third prince of Emperor Annei.
- 慶安3年(1650年)、後光明天皇の第一皇女として誕生。
- In 1650, she was born as the first princess of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 昭和天皇(みちのみや ひろひと:1901年-1989年)
- The Emperor Showa (Michinomiya Hirohito : 1901 - 1989)
- 以下、古代以来の天皇と政治体制との関わりを中心に解説する。
- Below is an explanation about the Emperors and the political system since ancient Japan.
- 敏達天皇の孫(曾孫か)、難波皇子の子(孫か)、美努王の父。
- He was the grandson (or the great-grandson) of the Emperor Bidatsu, the son (or the grandson) of the Prince Naniwa and the father of Minu no Okimi.
- なおこれらの絵柄は大正天皇の即位礼に際して定められたもの。
- These designs were designated at the ceremony of the enthronement of the Emperor Taisho.
- しかし、次第に天皇の寝所に侍る宮女を意味するようになった。
- Then gradually, it came to mean a lady serving at the Imperial Court who served at the Emperor's bedroom.
- 孝明天皇陵 後月輪東山陵(京都府京都市東山区今熊野字泉山)
- The Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Komei: the Nochinotsukinowa Mausoleum (Aza-Senzan, Imagumano, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture)
- 昭和64年(1989年)1月7日昭和天皇の崩御を受け即位。
- Following the demise of the Emperor Showa on January 7, 1989, he ascended the throne.
- 軍部からも要請があったが、昭和天皇の意向で任官していない。
- Therefore, he was requested to join the Guards Division by the military, but the Emperor Showa refused to appoint him.
- 王女2人が天皇の妃となった以外、さしたる事蹟の記述はない。
- Prince Okinaga no Mate did not have many achievements, other than marriage of his two princesses to the Emperors.
- 天武天皇12年 (683年) 6月6日に三位で亡くなった。
- He died on June 8, 683 and he was Third rank at this time.
- 閑院宮家:始祖は第113代東山天皇の皇子、閑院宮直仁親王。
- The Kaninnomiya family, founded by Imperial Prince Naohito KANINNOMIYA, the son of the hundred and thirteenth Emperor Higashiyama.
- 桂宮家:始祖は第106代正親町天皇の皇孫、八条宮智仁親王。
- The Katsuranomiya family, founded by Imperial Prince Toshihito HACHIJONOMIYA, the grandson of the hundred-sixth Emperor Ogimachi
- 元治元年(1864年)徳川慶喜らが還俗を孝明天皇に願った。
- In 1864, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA and others asked the Emperor Komei for his secularization.
- 特に近衛忠熙は孝明天皇からの信任が厚く顧問として活躍した。
- Particularly, Tadahiro KONOE, who enjoyed the deep confidence of Emperor Komei, worked as an adviser.
- 室町時代の園基秀の時に、後花園天皇より「青山」の号を賜る。
- When Motohide SONO was the family head during the Muromachi period, Emperor Gohanazono granted him the name 'Seizan.'
- 後嵯峨天皇の外戚として栄えたが、室町時代初頭には断絶した。
- Being the maternal relative of Emperor Gosaga, the family enjoyed their prosperity, but became extinct during the early Muromachi period.
- 733年、白壁王(後の光仁天皇)の王女として平城京に誕生。
- She was the princess born to Shirakabe no okimi (later the Emperor Konin) in Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in modern Nara) in 733.
- その後、即位した天皇の誕生日にあわせて天長節が定められた。
- Afterward, tencho setsu was determined according to the birthday of the Emperor who ascended the throne.
- 承応3年(1654年)、父後光明天皇が22歳の若さで崩御。
- In 1654, her father the Emperor Gokomyo died young at the age of 22.
- 24歳の時に元正天皇より皇位を譲られて即位することになる。
- When he was twenty-four years old, the Empress Gensho ceded the Imperial Throne to him and he ascended the throne.
- 内侍司を指す場合もあり、天皇の母を大御息所と呼ぶ例もあった。
- It sometimes meant Naishi no Tsukasa (female palace attendants), and there was a precedent that the Emperor's mother was called Grand Miyasundokoro.
- 物部目大連は天皇に一夜のうちに何度童女君を召したかを尋ねた。
- Mononobe no Me Omuraji asked to the Emperor Yuryaku, 'How many times did you engage with Ominagi during the night?'
- 称号の「継宮」、名前の「明仁」は、昭和天皇による命名である。
- The Emperor Showa gave to his first prince both his childhood title 'Tsugu-no-miya' and his title 'Akihito.'
- 翌年、岩倉具視が上奏した憲法大綱領では「天皇」と表記された。
- In Kenpo Daikoryo (literally, The Grand Outline of the Constitution) reported to the throne by Tomomi IWAKURA the next year, the title 'Tenno' was used.
- 84代順徳天皇の第五皇子・忠成王、第六皇子・善統親王の子孫。
- Descendants of the fifth Prince Tadanari and the sixth Prince Yoshimune of the eighty-fourth Emperor Juntoku.
- 江戸時代初期には後陽成天皇の第4皇子近衛信尋が養嗣子となる。
- During the early Edo period Nobuhiro KONOE, the fourth prince of the Emperor Goyozei, became the adopted heir.
- 舟橋家(ふなばしけ)は第40代天武天皇の皇子舎人親王の子孫。
- The Funabashi family are descendants of Imperial Prince Toneri, the son of the fourtieth emperor, Emperor Tenmu.
- 延暦年間の桓武天皇後宮に、錦部姉継・同弟姉という女官がいた。
- Two of the consorts that Emperor Kanmu had between 782 and 806 were court ladies named NISHIGORI no Shikei and NISHIGORI no Teishi.
- 元来は天皇または朝廷を指し、「こうけ」「おおやけ」と読んだ。
- Originally it meant Emperor or chotei and read 'koke' (public family) or 'oyake' (public or official).
- 皇嗣(こうし)とは、天子(皇帝や天皇)の跡継ぎのことである。
- The Koshi (imperial heir) is a successor of Tenshi (monarch or emperor).
- 「元明天皇御宇和銅己酉五月二十六日、安雅皇女薨二杉坂駅一。」
- On July 11, 709, during the reign of the Empress Genmei, the Princess Aga died at Sugisaka Station.'
- ただ、用明天皇の死後、義母の穴穂部間人皇女と結婚したという。
- But it is said he married ANAHOBE no Hashihitohime after Emperor Yomei died.
- 海外の日本大使館では天皇誕生日祝賀レセプションが行なわれる。
- In Japanese embassies located overseas, receptions to celebrate the Emperor's birthday are held.
- 異母妹で聖武天皇の皇后光明皇后とは、義理の親子関係にも当たる。
- The Empress Komyo, the empress of the Emperor Shomu was Miyako's younger paternal half-sister as well as daughter in law.
- 記紀によれば、父の大草香皇子が罪無くして安康天皇に誅殺された。
- According to the Kiki, Imperial Prince Okusaka, the biological father of Prince Mayowa was killed by execution as a criminal ('chusatus' in Japanese) despite his innocence; the Emperor Anko was behind this execution.
- 承久年間に東宮(のちの仲恭天皇)が着袴に際して使用したという。
- During the Jokyu era, Togu (the Crown Prince) (later Emperor Chukyo) used this type of fan for chakko (ceremony of first-time wearing of a hakama).
- 享保元年(1716年)、中御門天皇に入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- In 1716 she married the Emperor Nakamikado and received the Imperial letter of appointment as the title Nyogo.
- 天皇は紫宸殿の儀を終えた後、11月21日に伊勢神宮を親拝した。
- Having finished the ceremony of Shishinden, the Emperor visited Ise-jingu Shrine on November 21.
- 天武天皇皇子で母は宍戸臣大麻呂(ししひとのおみおおまろ)の娘。
- He was the prince of the Emperor Tenmu and his mother was the daughter of Shishihito no Omiomaro.
- 有栖川宮家:始祖は第107代後陽成天皇の皇子、高松宮好仁親王。
- The Arisugawanomiya family, founded by Imperial Prince Yoshihito TAKAMATSUNOMIYA, the son of the hundred-seventh Emperor Goyozei.
- しかも雄略天皇による血の粛清により他の皇族も残っていなかった。
- In addition, as a result of purging blood line by Emperor Yuryaku, there were no other members of the Imperial family.
- 菊紋 政宗が豊臣秀吉より拝領(天皇より下賜されたとの説もある)
- Kikumon (crest of Chrysanthemum): it was the crest given by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI to Masamune (while some suggest that the crest may be given by the Emperor).
- 推古天皇の時代には蘇我馬子の側近として阿倍麻呂が登場している。
- During the time of Empress Suiko, ABE no Maro acted as a close aide of SOGA no Umako.
- 三笠宮:大正天皇第四皇子の三笠宮崇仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- Mikasanomiya: established by Imperial Prince Mikasanomiya Takahito (the present head of the family), the fourth imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- 常陸宮:昭和天皇第二皇子の常陸宮正仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- Hitachinomiya: established by Imperial Prince Hitachinomiya Masahito, the second imperial prince of Emperor Showa.
- 「伊賀国名所記」に弘文天皇の同母弟と書かれているが真偽は不明。
- He is described in 'Iganokuni meisho no ki' (A record of noted places in Iga Province) as a younger brother-uterine of the Emperor Kobun, but the authenticity is uncertain.
- 太上皇、太上天皇といった東アジアの上皇としては最後の例となる。
- He was the last retired emperor among East Asian taijoko or daijo tenno (both meaning retired emperor).
- 他の天武天皇の皇女達と違って、彼女に関する記録はほとんどない。
- Unlike other princesses of the Emperor Tenmu, few of her records remain.
- また、贈位として藤原旅子(桓武天皇夫人、死去時に贈位)がいる。
- In addition, FUJIWARA no Tabiko (consort of Emperor Kanmu, conferred when she died), was granted the rank of Hi.
- 書物になっていない天皇の系譜に関する伝承も帝紀と呼ばれるとの説
- A theory that says transmission of the genealogy of the emperor which have not been included in books are also called Teiki
- 大碓は、美濃国の美女二人を宮中に迎えるよう父天皇より遣わされる。
- The Emperor Keiko ordered Prince Oousu on a mission; the Emperor sent him to Mino Province, instruction him to escort two beautiful ladies to the Imperial court.
- 天智天皇の危篤、崩御の際に詠んだ歌4首が万葉集に収められている。
- Four of her poems composed while the Emperor Tenchi was in critical condition, and on his death were selected in Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves).
- 国方姫命(くにかたひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Kunikatahime (Kunikatahime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Sujin.
- 皇子(みこ、おうじ)とは、皇帝または天皇の男子を指す呼称である。
- Miko, also referred to as Oji is the naming of the sons of Kotei or Tenno (emperor).
- その基準は人格のほか年齢、代々の天皇や諸侯との血縁関係であった。
- Its criteria was personality, age and blood relationship with previous Emperors and lords.
- 即位以来、憲法の精神を守りつつ平成の天皇のあり方を模索している。
- Since his enthronement, observing the spirit of the constitution, he has tried to find the ideal image of the Emperor in the Heisei period.
- 今上天皇の母・香淳皇后の母・邦彦王妃俔子妃が島津家の出身である。
- The wife of Prince Kuniyoshi, Chikako--the mother of the Empress Kojun who was the mother of the present Emperor Akihito--came from Shimazu family.
- 昭和天皇にも面白さを紹介、弟の常陸宮などとも対局したと言われる。
- Not only he explained to the Emperor Showa how interesting the game is, but also he is said to have played Mah-jong with his younger brother, Hitachi-no-miya and others.
- その翌年の正月には額田部皇女(後の推古天皇)が皇后に立てられた。
- In the very next year, on the New Year Day, Nukatabe no Himemiko (the Imperial Princess Nukatabe, later Empress Suiko) became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu.
- 吉備太宰石川王は天武天皇8年(679年)3月9日に吉備で死んだ。
- Ishikawa no Okimi, the provincial governor-general of kibi Province died in Kibi Province on April 27, 679.
- 西園寺実兼は大覚寺統に接近し、亀山法皇や後醍醐天皇に娘を入れる。
- Sanekane SAIONJI approached Daikaku-ji through genealogy and made his daughters marry Kameyama ho-ou, the ex-emperor, or the Emperor Godaigo.
- その後手白香皇女が皇后に立ち、継体天皇の統治が始まることになる。
- Afterwards, Tashiraka no himemiko became his empress, and the reign by Emperor Keitai began.
- 江戸時代中期には霊元天皇歌壇で活躍することとなる中院通躬がでた。
- During the middle of the Edo Period, Michimi NAKANOIN who played an active role in the poetry circles of the Emperor Reigen, appeared.
- 天皇の外祖父の地位を得て園家は宮中に隠然たる力を持つにいたった。
- Holding the position of maternal grandfather of the emperor, the Sono family acquired latent power in the imperial court.
- 花山天皇の皇孫の延信王(のぶざねおう)は源氏を賜り臣籍降下した。
- Nobuzane-o, the imperial grandson of Emperor Kazan, was granted the family name of Minamoto when he became a subject of the state.
- 『日本書紀』によれば、垂仁天皇28年10月5日 (旧暦)に薨去。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', he died on October 30, 2 B.C.
- 使いの者は「天皇が父君を慕って飼おうとしている白鳥です」と答えた。
- The bearer answered 'These swans are for the Emperor who intends to keep them in memory of his father.'
- 但し、どの時期の天皇までに倍年説をあてはめるかで信頼性は変化する。
- However, reliability of it changes depending until which Emperor could be applied Double Year Theory.
- 御真津比売命(みまつひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、開化天皇の皇女。
- Princess Mimatsuhime (Mimatsuhime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Kaika.
- 仲哀天皇・神功皇后の実在性が疑われる中で、皇子もその例外ではない。
- The existence of the Emperor Chuai and the Empress Jingu is doubtful, and so with the existence of the Imperial Prince Oshikuma.
- 押坂彦人大兄皇子(敏達天皇の皇子)の王子で、母は漢王の妹・大俣王。
- His father was Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko (a son of the Emperor Bidatsu) and his mother was Omata no miko, a sister of Aya no Okimi.
- 伏見宮家:始祖は北朝 (日本)3代崇光天皇の皇子、伏見宮栄仁親王。
- The Fushiminomiya family, founded by Imperial Prince Yoshihito FUSHIMINOMIYA, the son of the Emperor Suko of the third Northern Court
- 手白香皇女(たしらかのひめみこ)は古墳時代の皇族で継体天皇の皇后。
- Tashiraka no Himemiko was a member of the Imperial family who lived during the Kofun period (tumulus period), and was the empress of Emperor Keitai.
- 宣下(せんげ)とは、天皇の命令を伝える公文書を公布することである。
- Imperial proclamation is to issue an official document conveying the Emperor's order.
- 昭和天皇の天長節は昭和2年3月3日、勅令で4月29日と制定された。
- The tencho setsu of the Emperor Showa was determined to be April 29 by the imperial edict on March 3, 1927.
- また、孫にあたる昭和天皇の皇子女・三笠宮の子女を可愛がったと言う。
- In addition, the Empress Teimei dearly loved her great-grand children of the Imperial princess Mikasanomiya, who was a daughter of the Emperor Showa.
- 現在、日本では口語の中で「今上天皇」と言う呼称を用いる事は少ない。
- At present, in Japan, the name of 'Kinjo Tenno' (the present Emperor) is not often used in spoken language.
- 諒闇(りょうあん)とは、天皇が、その父母の死にあたり喪に服する期間。
- Ryoan is a period when the Emperor is in mourning for his father and mother.
- 592年11月3日 (旧暦) - 父崇峻天皇が蘇我馬子に暗殺される。
- His father, Emperor Sushun, was murdered by SOGA no Umako on November 3, 592.
- 千千速比売命(ちちはやひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Princess Chichihaya Hime (Chichihaya Hime no Mikoto; the date of birth and death unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Korei.
- また、政財界や学識者からの内奏・進講を、父昭和天皇以上に受けている。
- Moreover, he has received reports and lectures on the affairs of the state more frequently than his father, the Emperor Showa, from people in the political and business worlds, intellectuals and others.
- 平成10年(1998年)12月18日、天皇誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- He made this remark on December 18, 1998 at the press conference held for commemorating the Emperor's Birthday.
- その後、文武天皇3年(700年)6月大宝律令選定を指揮し、翌年完成。
- Later, in July 699, the Prince Osakabe conducted the selecting and compiling the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), which was completed the following year.
- 同年12月桜町天皇の猶子となり、延享3年(1746年)5月親王宣下。
- In December 1745, he was adopted by Emperor Sakuramachi, and in June 1746, he was given the title of Imperial Prince.
- なお行忠の祖父高行は枢密顧問官で明宮(大正天皇)の御教養主任だった。
- Yukisada's grandfather Takayuki SASAKI was privy councilor and a head of education for Harunomiya (Taisho Emperor).
- 東山天皇の外戚となった松木宗条とその子松木宗顕は内大臣に任ぜられた。
- This led to Munenaga MATSUNOKI and his son, Muneaki MATSUNOKI, who were now maternal relatives of Emperor Higashiyama, being appointed to the position of Naidaijin.
- 顕隆は白河天皇の信任厚く「夜の関白」と称された院政期を代表する公家。
- Akitaka was trusted by Emperor Shirakawa and a kuge who was called 'yoru no kanpaku' (Chief adviser to the Emperor behind the scene) and representative kuge during the insei period (during the period of the government by the retired Emperor).
- 一門からは天皇から仏頂国師という国師号を賜った高僧の一絲文守も出た。
- The family produced a high ranking monk called Isshi Bunshu, who was awarded the Kokushi-go (name given by the Imperial court to high ranking monks) 'Buccho kokushi' by an Emperor.
- 息子舒明天皇の御名田村は彼女のその別名をそのまま継承したものである。
- The imperial name of the Emperor Jomei, her son, Tamura is what he succeeded her another name as it was.
- このために当初は天皇直属の厩を管理していた内厩寮の下に置かれていた。
- For that reason Chokushimaki was under the control of Naikyuryo (Bureau of administration of barn in the imperial court) in the beginning.
- また皇子ではなく、皇女であり、阿陪皇女→元明天皇と同一人物説もある。
- In addition, there is another theory that he was not a prince but a princess, and that he and the Princess Ahe, who later become the Empress Genmei, were the same person.
- 直宮家 (じきみやけ)とは宮家のうち天皇の子供が創設した宮家を指す。
- Jikimiyake refers to a Miyake (family allowed to have the status of Imperial family) which was established by a child of an emperor.
- 江戸時代以降の天皇の冠は纓が上に上がったままのため御立纓の冠という。
- Since the Edo period, successive emperors have used Court caps called goryuei (literally, 'standing ei'), whose ei stands on the head.
- 主に特定の人物・組織などを対象に天皇の意思を伝えるために用いられた。
- It was mainly used to convey the emperor's intention for a specific person and organization.
- 天皇誕生日(てんのうたんじょうび)は、日本の国民の祝日の1日である。
- The Emperor's Birthday is one of Japanese national holidays.
- 天皇誕生日と天長節は内容的にほぼ同じものであると考えて間違いはない。
- It is right that the Emperor's Birthday and tencho setsu are fundamentally the same things.
- 叔母の園光子(壬生院)に続いて彼女も後水尾天皇の後宮として召された。
- She was called to be the consort of the Emperor Gomizunoo, following her aunt, Mitsuko SONO (Mibuin).
- 第29代欽明天皇の皇女で、母は大臣 (日本)蘇我稲目の女蘇我堅塩媛。
- She was the princess of the twenty-ninth Emperor Kinmei, her mother being SOGA no Kitashihime, a daughter of the minister, SOGA no Iname.
- 聖武天皇の治世の初期は皇親勢力を代表する長屋王が政権を担当していた。
- In the beginning of the reign of the Emperor Shomu, Nagayao, representing pro-imperial force, came to power.
- 対外的には、天皇は大日本帝国皇帝であるが実際の為政者は内閣としていた。
- Externally, it was stated that the Emperor was the leader of the Empire of Japan but that the actual policymaker was the Cabinet.
- 景行天皇52年、猿投山に登る中途で蛇毒のために薨去、時に42歳という。
- However, in 126, he was bitten by snake while climbing the Sanage mountain; then, he would meet with his demise from the venomous poison of the snake, at the age of forty two.
- 景行天皇40年、蝦夷征伐の命を恐れて逃亡し、美濃国に封ぜられたという。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki,' and other historical books, in 114, Prince Oousu ran away because he was afraid of the order, the Emishi Seito (the conquest of Emishi, who were a group of people living in the northern part of land) and was then confined in Mino Province.
- 皇女(ひめみこ、おうじょ、こうじょ)とは、天皇の女子を指す呼称である。
- Himemiko (also referred to as Ojo or Kojo) is the naming of daughters of Tennoo (emperor).
- 皇女が夫である天皇を離れ葛城皇子と共に飛鳥に遷った理由は明らかでない。
- It is unknown why Hashihito no Himemiko left her husband, the Emperor Kotoku, and followed Katsuragi no Miko to Asuka.
- 中央貴族として栄えた源氏として村上天皇の皇子を祖とする村上源氏がある。
- An example of a Minamoto clan who gained power as central noble is Murakami-Genji, who was descended from the princes of Emperor Murakami.
- 始祖は後二条天皇の皇子である皇太子邦良親王、初代はその嫡男の康仁親王。
- The original forefather is the Emperor Gonijo's prince, Imperial Prince Kuninaga, and the first generation is his son and heir Imperial Prince Yasuhito.
- 実陰の次男高松重季は、父の実家・西郊家の再興を天皇から特別に許された。
- Shigesue TAKAMATSU, the second son of Sanekage, was specially permitted by the emperor to rebuild his father's family home, the Saiko family.
- 天皇以下、文官の冠は纓をそのまま垂らした垂纓冠(すいえいかん)である。
- An emperor and civil officers used Court caps called suieikan, whose ei hung down to the back.
- 前天皇から皇位を受け継ぐことを皇位継承、または「皇位を踏む」ともいう。
- To succeed to the Imperial Throne from the previous Emperor is called 'the succession to the Imperial Throne' or 'Koi wo fumu'(stepping up to the Imperial Throne).
- 明治天皇の誕生日は昭和2年(1927年)に明治節という祝祭日となった。
- The birthday of the Emperor Meiji became a holiday called Meiji festival in 1927.
- 明和5年(1769年)11月、皇太子英仁親王(のちの後桃園天皇)と結婚。
- In November 1769, She got married to the crown prince who was Imperial Prince Hidehito (later the Emperor Gomomozono).
- 子に有栖川宮正仁親王、幸子女王(東山天皇中宮、承秋門院)、尊統入道親王。
- His children were Imperial Prince Arisugawa-no-miya Tadahito, Princess Yukiko (empress of the Emperor Higashiyama; Shoshumonin) and Imperial Prince Sonto Nyudo.
- 十市瓊入媛命(とおちにいりびめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Tochini iribime (Tochini iribime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- 女御、更衣 (女官)をはじめその下位にあり天皇の寵愛を受けた宮女の総称。
- A generic name of serving ladies at the Imperial Court who were favourites with the Emperor, including nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court who was a consort of the emperor), koi (a lady in waiting in the court) and other lower rank ladies
- 倭迹迹姫命(やまとととひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、孝元天皇の第一皇女。
- Princess Yamatototo Hime (Yamatototo Hime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death unknown) was the first princess of the Emperor Kogen.
- 元禄10年(1697年)2月25日、東山天皇に入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- On February 25, 1697, she married the Emperor Higashiyama, and received the Imperial letter of appointment as the title Nyogo.
- 儀式は皇室の祖神である天照大神と歴代の天皇へ期日を奉告することに始まる。
- The ceremony starts with announcing the date to Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess), Imperial Family's soshin (ancestor honored as god) and successive Emperors.
- かくして宝亀元年(770年)に白壁王は即位して光仁天皇となったのである。
- Then Shirakabe no okimi took over the throne and became Emperor Konin in 770.
- この間、天皇が皇后である間人皇女に宛てた歌が『日本書紀』に残されている。
- The 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) contains a poem the Emperor Kotoku wrote to his wife, Hashihito no Himemiko when she went away with Katsuragi no Miko.
- 天武天皇3年(674年)石上神宮に派遣され、膏油で神宝の武器を磨かせる。
- In 674, he was dispatched to Isonokami-jingu Shrine, and made the weapons of shinpo (sacred treasure) polished with koyu oil (viscous oil).
- 天武天皇14年(685年)冠位を改訂し冠位四十八階に基づき浄大参を賜う。
- In 685, the Prince Osakabe received the rank of Jodaisan (Greater Third Pure), according to the revised ranking code, Kan I Shijuhakkai (48 grades of cap rank).
- 両条約の間で条約上の呼称が「皇帝」号から「天皇」号へ移行した理由は不明。
- The reason why the title on the treaty was shifted from 'Kotei' to 'Tenno' between these treaties is unknown.
- 後醍醐天皇の謀反が明らかになった後は当初、幕府軍として京都に進撃したが、
- When Emperor Godaigo's rebellion broke out, the family at first marched to Kyoto as the army of the bakufu.
- 後二条天皇─邦良親王─康仁親王─邦恒王─世平王─木寺宮邦康親王─師煕親王
- Emperor Gonijo, Imperial Prince Kuninaga, Imperial Prince Yasuhito, Prince Kunitsune, 世平王, Imperial Prince Kideranomiya Kuniyasu, 師煕親王
- 89代後深草天皇の皇子で、鎌倉幕府8代征夷大将軍となった久明親王の子孫。
- Descendants of the Imperial Prince Hisaakira who was a son of the eighty-eighth Emperor Gofukakusa and who became the eighth Seii Taishogun of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 足利尊氏は後醍醐天皇の勅状を得ないまま乱の討伐に向かい、時行を駆逐した。
- Without receiving the official order from the Emperor Godaigo, Takauji headed for putting down the rebellion and expelled Tokiyuki.
- 異母妹の銀王(しろがねのみこ)を娶り大中姫(甥の仲哀天皇妃)等を儲けた。
- He took Shirogane no miko, his younger paternal half-sister, to his wife, and had children such as Onakatsuhime (she became a consort to his nephew, Emperor Chuai).
- 阿閇皇子(あべのみこ、648年以降 - 生没年不詳)は、天智天皇の皇子。
- Abe no miko (648 - year of death unknown) was a prince of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 阿雅皇女(あがのひめみこ、648年以降~709年?)は、天智天皇の皇女。
- Aga no himemiko (648 - c. 709) was a princess of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 異母兄の関白鷹司政通、同母妹の仁孝天皇女御鷹司祺子ほか、兄弟姉妹は多数。
- She had many brothers and sisters, including Kanpaku Masamichi TAKATSUKASA (older paternal half-brother) and the Emperor Ninko's nyogo Yasuko TAKATSUKASA (younger sister).
- 異母兄の関白鷹司政通、同母姉の仁孝天皇女御鷹司繋子ほか、兄弟姉妹は多数。
- She had many brothers and sisters, including Kanpaku Masamichi TAKATSUKASA (older paternal half-brother) and the Emperor Ninko's nyogo Tsunako TAKATSUKASA (older sister).
- そこで敏達皇太后が詔を下して泊瀬部皇子(崇峻天皇)に即位を命じたという。
- It is said that Empress Dowager Bidatsu therefore issued an imperial edict ordering Prince Hatsusebe (Emperor Sushun) to be enthroned.
- 天皇は、内閣の助言と承認により、國民のために、左の國事に關する行爲を行ふ。
- The Emperor, with the advice and approval of the Cabinet, shall perform the following acts in matters of state on behalf of the people:
- 実際に政治を運営するのは、天皇でなく元老や内閣(藩閥政府)の各大臣である。
- The people who actually administrated politics were not the Emperor but Genro (elder statesman) and ministers in the Cabinet (Han-dominated government).
- 「天皇制の下に日本民族の主体性を把握」(治安確立同志会・1952年設立)。
- Find the main constituent of the Japanese race under the Tennosei' (Chian Kakuritsu Doshikai [Group of Comrades to Establish National Security] established in 1952).
- 「天皇制が侵略戦争をはじめた」(宮本百合子・1949年2月)と述べている。
- Tennosei started a war of aggression,' said Yuriko MIYAMOTO in February, 1949.
- 履中天皇の第1皇子で、母は葛城葦田宿禰(あしたのすくね)の女・黒媛である。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was the first Imperial Prince of the Emperor Richu; the mother of Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was Kurohime, a daughter of Ashita no Kusune.
- 千千衝倭姫命(ちちつくやまとひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Chichitsuku Yamatohime (Chichitsuku Ymatohime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- 同母兄弟に、倭迹迹稚屋姫命、彦五十狭芹彦命らが、異母兄弟に孝元天皇がいる。
- Her maternal half-brothers include Yamatototowakayahime no mikoto and Hikoisaseribiko no Mikoto, and her paternal half-brother was Emperor Kogen.
- 推古天皇10年(602年)2月、新羅征討将軍として軍二万五千を授けられる。
- In March 602, he was appointed to Shiragi Seito Shogun (great general for subduing Shiragi [Silla]) and given an army of 25,000 soldiers.
- 天皇としての活動について非常に意欲的かつ勤勉であると伝えられることが多い。
- He has frequently been admired for his high motivation to his duties as well as for his diligence.
- 広姫は敏達天皇5年(575年)正月に立后したものの、同年11月に崩御した。
- Although Hirohime (Prince Hiro) became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu on the New Year Day in 575, she met with her demise during November of the same year.
- 仲哀天皇の皇子で、母は彦人大兄の女・大中姫(おおなかつひめ、大中比売命)。
- Imperial Prince Oshikuma was a Prince of the Emperor Chuai, and his mother was Onakatsuhime (also known as Onakatsuhime no Mikoto) who was a daughter of Prince Hikohito no Oe.
- 弓削皇子も持統天皇の意向を結局は呑み、軽皇子を皇太子とすることが決定した。
- Yuge no miko eventually accepted the Emperor Jito's intention, and the decision was made to make the Prince Karu as the crown prince.
- 文化 (元号)14年(1817年)、光格天皇の猶子となり親王宣下を受ける。
- In 1817, he was adopted by Emperor Kokaku and given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 家忠が花山天皇の御所だった東一条院(花山院)を伝領したためこの家名がある。
- The family name came from the fact that Ietada had inherited Higashi-Ichijoin (Kazanin), the Imperial Palace of Emperor Kazan.
- 幕末期の当主・一条忠香の三女・美子が明治天皇の皇后となった(昭憲皇太后)。
- Haruko, the third daughter of Tadaka ICHIJO, who was the family head at the end of the Edo shogunate period, became the empress of Emperor Meiji (Empress Shoken).
- 万里小路宣房、万里小路藤房は、後醍醐天皇の側近として建武の新政で活躍した。
- Nobufusa MADENOKOJI and Fujifusa MADENOKOJI played active role in the Kenmu Restoration as trusted vassals of Emperor Godaigo.
- 中山家は中山忠能が明治天皇の外祖父であったことが考慮されたものとみられる。
- It is considered that the fact that Tadayasu NAKAYAMA of the Nakayama family was the maternal grandfather of Emperor Meiji was taken into account.
- 律令に従えば后位は天皇との血縁・配偶関係に基づいて下記のように定められた。
- According to Ritsuryo (the Legal Codes), Koi which was based on the blood or marriage relationship to Emperor, was established as following.
- 中務省ではこれに基づいて内記が草案を作成し、天皇に覆奏して内容を確認する。
- In the Ministry of Central Affairs, a naiki (secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs) prepares a preliminary draft based on the Choku, and then it is returned to the emperor, the contents are confirmed.
- 更に、654年(白雉4年)にはやはり姪孫にあたる軽大王(孝徳天皇)が崩御。
- In 654, Karu no miko (the Emperor Kotoku), who was also a grandnephew to her, met his demise.
- おそらくその影響で一般人の間でも通常「天皇陛下」の呼称を使用する者が多い。
- Maybe as a result of this, most people usually use the name of 'Tenno Heika'.
- 病弱で実子はなかったが、嫡妻として、夫の側室が生んだ大正天皇を養子とした。
- Empress Dowager Shoken was sickly and did not have a biological child, but as a lawful wife she adopted the child (Emperor Taisho) between her husband and his concubine.
- 後、母の中蒂姫命は安康天皇の皇后に立てられ、眉輪王は連れ子として育てられた。
- After this incident, Princess Nakashi, the mother of Prince Mayowa, became the Empress of the Emperor Anko; Prince Mayowa was raised as a step child of the Emperor Anko.
- 江戸時代末になると尊皇攘夷論が興り、天皇は討幕運動の中心にまつりあげられた。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Sonno-joi argument occurred and the Emperor became the center of the anti-shogunate movement.
- 八木倍年説(やぎばいねんせつ)とは八木荘司の神話上の天皇の実在を主張する説。
- Yagi's Double Year Theory is a theory that Soji YAGI insists the existence of mythological Emperors.
- この事から、春日大娘皇女は父・雄略天皇の血筋を唯一現在まで伝える存在となった
- Ironically, Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume was the only child who was to pass on the blood line of the father, the Emperor Yuryaku, to the future generations (to the modern times in Japan).
- 翌宝亀2年1月23日 (旧暦)に他戸親王は光仁天皇の皇太子として立てられた。
- On February 16, 771, Imperial Prince Osabe became a crown prince of Emperor Konin.
- 持統天皇8年(694年)9月22日に、浄広肆三野王は筑紫大宰率に任命された。
- On October 19, 694, jokoshi (another one of four grades of joi, ranks of the Imperial Princes and Shoo, princes without imperial proclamation of the forty-eight grades of cap rank) Mino no Okimi was assigned to Tsukushi no Omikotomochi no Tsukasa no Kami (General of diplomatic facility to entertain foreign envoys)
- 大海人皇子(天武天皇)の子、大津皇子は父の挙兵を知って味方とともに脱出した。
- The son of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), the Prince Otsu escaped with his followers from the capital after he found his father had raised an army.
- 南北朝期以降堂上家のなかに、時の天皇との親疎により内々・外様の区別が出来た。
- Since the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, discrimination between 'nainai' and 'tozama' was created according to the closeness to the then current emperor.
- しかし、641年(舒明天皇13年)に田村大王は彼女に先立って崩御してしまう。
- However, Tamura Okimi met his demise in 641, leaving his mother.
- 子に吉備武彦命、景行天皇皇后の播磨稲日大郎姫、景行皇妃の伊那毘若郎女がいる。
- His children included KIBI no Takehiko, Harima no inabi no ooiratsume who was the empress of Emperor Keiko, and Inabi no wakairatsume who was the consort of Emperor Keiko.
- 1926年12月25日、貞明皇后の手厚い看護も空しく療養中の大正天皇が崩御。
- Although the Empress Teimei carefully nursed the Emperor Taisho, the Emperor Taisho met his demise during the course of care while under medical treatment.
- 推古天皇36年3月7日(628年4月15日)、75歳で小墾田宮において崩御。
- On April 15, 628, she passed away at the Imperial residence of Oharida at the age of 75.
- 嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇第17皇子の有栖川宮職仁親王が有栖川宮を相続した。
- He passed away and had no heir so Imperial Prince Arisugawa-no-miya Yorihito, the 17th son of the Emperor Reigen, succeeded to the Arisugawa-no-Miya family.
- 文化7年(1810年)9月父帝光格天皇の命で京極宮を継承し、桂宮の宮号を賜る。
- In September 1810, the prince became the head of the Kyogoku-no-miya famly under the order of his father, the Emperor Kokaku, and was granted Miyago (reigning name) of Katsura-no-miya.
- 更に二人の二頭体制によって皇太子を経ず形式的に天皇に即位すべく準備が行われた。
- Moreover, ritual enthronement was prepared by diarchy with two people, without going through the crown prince.
- 氷上大刀自(ひかみのおおとじ - 天武天皇11年(682年))は藤原鎌足の子。
- HIKAMI no Otoji (year of birth unknown - 682) was a daughter of FUJIWARA no Kamatari.
- 倭迹迹稚屋姫命(やまとととわかやひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Princess Yamatototo Wakaya Hime (Yamatototo Wakaya Hime no Mikoto; her date of birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Korei.
- 天皇の髪の毛を盗んで佐保川の髑髏に入れて、宮中に持参して三度、厭魅したという。
- They stole the Emperor's hair and kept it in a skull in Saho-gawa River, and then brought it to the Imperial Palace and cursed to kill three times.
- 清子内親王は長く内廷皇族として天皇皇后夫妻の傍らにあって良き相談相手であった。
- Staying closely with the Emperor Akihito and the Empress Michiko as the Imperial family without having an independent imperial house, the Imperial Princess Sayako was trusted by the couple as a daughter to whom they could open their hearts.
- また切手は郵政省から天皇家と正田家に『皇太子御成婚記念切手帖』が献上されいる。
- Moreover, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications presented 'Stamp Book for Commemorating the Crown Prince's Wedding' to the Imperial family and Shoda family.
- 天皇が天災以外の理由で外国にお見舞いの言葉を贈ったのは前例のないことであった。
- It was unprecedented that the emperor sent his sympathies to foreign countries for other reasons besides natural disaster.
- 広姫は敏達天皇の皇后として押坂彦人大兄皇子・逆登皇女・菟道磯津貝皇女を産んだ。
- Hirohime became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu and bore Prince Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oe (Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko), Princess Sakanobori (Sakanobori no Hime Miko), and Princess Uji no Shitsukai.
- 藤原氏一族で直系が健在なのは珍しく、毎年天皇誕生日前日の晩餐会に出席している。
- It is rare for a direct line of the Fujiwara clan to be maintained to the present day, and the family attends a formal banquet held the day before the Emperor's birthday every year.
- ちなみに、後醍醐天皇の忠臣として名高い千種忠顕は有忠の子(有光の兄弟)である。
- In addition, Tadaaki CHIGUSA, who was well known as a trusted vassal of Emperor Godaigo, was the son of Aritada and the brother of Arimitsu.
- 天皇家に近い一族がスキャンダルまみれとなったことで世間から猛烈な非難を浴びた。
- Moreover, the family were heavily criticized by society for tainting the Imperial Family, to whom they were closely related, with these scandals.
- 愛親の曾孫の中山忠能(ただやす)は明治天皇の生母中山慶子(やすこ)の父である。
- Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, who was a great-grandchild of Naruchika, was the father of Yasuko NAKAYAMA, who was the biological mother of the Emperor Meiji.
- また、二条天皇の外舅として勢威をふるい、左大臣に昇って清華家の家格を確保した。
- Also, he wielded great power as the maternal father of Emperor Nijo and he was promoted to sadaijin (Minister of the left) and secured kakaku of seigake.
- 村上源氏(むらかみげんじ)は、62代村上天皇の皇子を祖とする賜姓皇族のひとつ。
- Murakami-Genji was a shisei kozoku (member of the Imperial Family conferred with a family name) who was descended from a son of the sixty second Emperor, Murakami.
- 勅旨(ちょくし)とは、律令制における天皇の命令書である勅書の一種である公文書。
- Imperial paper is an official document written emperor's order in the Ritsuryo system.
- 内親王薨去後、父天皇も俄かに病気がちとなり、同年4月に譲位、12月に崩御した。
- After the imperial princess's death, the emperor, her father became prone to being sick and abdicated the throne in May that year, and passed away in December.
- 日本の皇族男子が宮家を新設し、独立して生計を立てる際に天皇より与えられる称号。
- It is a title given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family establishes a Miyake (house of an imperial prince), becomes independent, and starts making his living.
- 文政6年(1823年)、仁孝天皇の女御であった姉繋子が難産のため26歳で早世。
- In 1823, her older sister Tsunako, who was the Emperor Ninko's nyogo, died young at the age of 26 due to a difficult birth.
- また、天智天皇崩御後に、実際に倭姫王による即位または称制があったとする説もある。
- One theory has it that Yamatohime no Okimi in fact ascended the throne or undertook shosei (ruling without official accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne) after the Emperor Tenchi died.
- ただし『日本書紀』は「陵」と表記し、天皇扱いし、「墓」ではないことは注目される。
- However in 'Nihonshoki,' it was described as '陵' not as '墓, ' which means that she was regarded as Emperor, which is worth of noticing.
- 『古事記』・『日本書紀』履中紀が父を履中天皇 / 母を葦田宿禰(葛城襲津彦の子。
- In 'Kojiki' and 'Nihonshoki' and Richuki, her father was Emperor Richu and her mother was ASHIDA Sukune's (a child of KATSURAGI no Sotsuhiko.
- 天武天皇はその治世の間、新しい都を作ることを目的にたびたび臣下を調査に派遣した。
- Emperor Tenmu often dispatched his vassals to various cities to investigate with a view to construct new capital during his reign.
- 第112代霊元天皇の孫の有栖川宮韶仁親王の第4王子で西園寺家を相続した西園寺公潔
- Kinzumi SAIONJI is the successor of the Saionji family as well as the 4th Prince of Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Tsunahito (the grandson of the 112nd Emperor Reigen).
- 万延元年(1860年)8月に孝明天皇の養子となり、同年11月、親王宣下を受ける。
- In August, 1860, he became an adopted child of Emperor Komei and in November of the same year, he was given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 第113代東山天皇の第6皇子の閑院宮直仁親王の第4王子で鷹司家を相続した鷹司輔平
- Sukehira TAKATSUKASA, the 4th Prince of Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Naohito (the 6th Prince of the 113rd Emperor Higashiyama), is the successor of the Takatsukasa family.
- 雄略天皇の時代には秦酒公(さけのきみ)が各地の秦部、秦人の統率者となったという。
- In the reign of Emperor Yuryaku, HATA no Sakenokimi became the leader of Hatanobe and Hatahito (families and followers of the Hata clan).
- また、歴史上天皇家に対して忠節を尽くした人物の子孫もこの時代に華族となっている。
- In addition, the descendants of the persons who had been especially loyal to the Imperial family were also raised to kazoku in this period.
- 貞時の子・14代執権北条高時は後醍醐天皇の挙兵計画である正中の変を未然に防いだ。
- The fourteenth regent Takatoki HOJO, a son of Sadatoki, forestalled the Emperor Godaigo's plans to raise an army against the bakufu, which is called the Shochu Incident.
- 鎌倉時代後期に後醍醐天皇が挙兵した元弘の乱では鎌倉の北条氏に従い笠置山を攻めた。
- During the Genko War, a warthat occurred near the end of the Kamakura period in which Emperor Godaigo raised an army, the clan followed the Hojo clan of Kamakura and attacked Mt. Kasagi.
- 慶応3年6月28日 (旧暦)(1867年7月29日)、新帝明治天皇の女御に治定。
- On July 29, 1867, she was authorized as the new Emperor Meiji's consort.
- 同母兄に櫛角別王、双子の弟に日本武尊(日本武尊)がおり、異母兄弟に成務天皇がいる。
- The maternal half-brothers of Prince Oousu were Prince Kushitsunowake and Prince Yamato Takeru, his twin brother.
- 倭迹迹日百襲媛命(やまとととひももそひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Yamatototohimomosohime no mikoto (date of birth and death unknown) was the Imperial princess of Emperor Korei.
- この話は『古事記』には見られず、雄略天皇の系譜部分にも母・娘ともに名を欠いている。
- However, this story was not written in the 'Kojiki,' and the family genealogy of the Emperor Yuryaku missed the names of the mother and the daughter.
- 即位の礼では最重要の儀式が「正殿の儀」であり、天皇は束帯、皇后は十二単に身を包む。
- In Sokui no rei, 'Enthronement Ceremony' is the most important ceremony where the Emperor wears sokutai (traditional ceremonial court dress); and the Empress wears juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono).
- 明仁(あきひと、昭和8年(1933年)12月23日 -)は、日本の第125代天皇。
- The Emperor Akihito (December 23, 1933-) is the 125th Emperor in Japan.
- 昭和天皇・香淳皇后の第五子にして初の皇子誕生とあって、国民的な盛大な祝福を受ける。
- As he was the first prince born between the Emperor Showa and the Empress Kojun, who had already had four princesses, his birth was celebrated on a national scale.
- 結婚・独立後も週に一度から数度は参内し、父昭和天皇と食事を共にすることも多かった。
- The Crown Prince Akihito visited the Imperial Palace a few times a week even after the marriage to be independent, having a meal with his father, the Emperor Showa frequently.
- 葛城皇子は孝徳の治世下で実質的に改革を推進しており、天皇と不仲になっていたらしい。
- The Emperor Kotoku was on bad terms with Katsuragi no Miko, who was the de facto leader of the political reforms during the reign of Kotoku.
- 母は内大臣従一位櫛笥隆賀の娘・藤原賀子(新崇賢門院)、同母兄弟に中御門天皇がいる。
- His mother was FUJIWARA no Yoshiko (Shin Sukenmon in), a daughter of Naidaijin Juichii (Minister of the Palace, Junior First Rank) Takayoshi KUSHIGE, and his brother was Emperor Nakamikado.
- 明治29年(1896年) ロシア皇帝ニコライ2世の戴冠式に明治天皇の名代として参列
- In 1896, in the position of representative for the Emperor Meiji, Prince Sadanaru attended the enthronement ceremony for the Russian Emperor Nicholai II, as the official representative of the Emperor Meiji.
- 『古事記』によると、王は崇神天皇の命を受け、玖賀耳之御笠(くがみみのみかさ)退治。
- According to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), Prince Hikoimasu received an order from the Emperor Sujin to destroy 'Kugamimi no Mikasa.'
- 特に天皇の皇子が降下することを、「一世の源氏」といい、任官の上で大いに優遇された。
- Especially, the demotion of the sons of the emperors was called 'Issei no Genji' (Minamoto clan of the first generation) and they were given preferential treatment in regard to their position.
- 小野宮の名の由来は、実頼が惟喬親王(文徳天皇皇子)の旧邸小野宮に住んだことによる。
- The name Ononomiya has its origin in Saneyori's Ononomiya residence, the former palace of Imperial Prince Koretaka (the son of Emperor Montoku).
- 658年(皇極天皇4年)には曾甥孫にあたる有間皇子が処刑、曾孫である建皇子が早世。
- In 658, the Prince Arima, who was a great-grandnephew to her, was executed, and Takeru no miko, who was a great-grandchild to her, died young.
- 文武天皇の妻になったという説(梅原猛『黄泉の王』)もあるがこれも真相は不明である。
- One theory has it that she married the Emperor Monmu ('Yomi no Okimi,' Takeshi UMEHARA), but the truth is unknown.
- 天平勝宝8年(756年)に天武天皇の2世王・道祖王を皇太子にする遺言を残して崩御。
- In 756, he passed away leaving his will to make Prince Funado, who was a grandchild prince of Emperor Tenmu, the Crown Prince.
- 大正天皇との夫婦仲は至って良好で、慣例を打ち破って夫の身辺の世話を自ら見たという。
- The Emperor Taisho and the Empress Teimei lived happily together as husband and wife, and the Empress Teimei seemed to break with Imperial court custom, as she took if upon herself to look after her husband's needs.
- 大日本帝国憲法下の天皇の法的位置付けについては憲法学上さまざまな論争がなされてきた。
- For the Study of Constitution, there has been numerous discussions on the Emperor's legal position under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 当時大伯皇女は7歳、大津皇子は5歳で、母方の祖父である天智天皇に引き取られたという。
- When she died, the Princess Oku was seven years old and the Prince Otsu was five, so both were fostered out to the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), their maternal grandfather.
- 「天皇陛下は定期健診において今のところ前立腺癌の再発や他臓器への転移は見られない。」
- Neither recurrence of the prostate cancer nor spread from its original site to other organs has been detected at present.'
- 672年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子(天武天皇)に味方し、天武朝の皇親政治の一翼を担った。
- He supported Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) during the Jinshin war in 672 and played a role in pro-imperial family politics during the Reign of Emperor Tenmu.
- 九条尚忠の長子である公爵・九条道孝の四女・節子は大正天皇の皇后となった(貞明皇后)。
- Setsuko, the fourth daughter of the duke Michitaka KUJO, who was Hisatada KUJO's firstborn, became empress to the Emperor Taisho (Empress Teimei).
- もっとも、天皇や摂家以外の公家もこれに素直に従う事はなく、機会を捉えて抵抗を続けた。
- Nonetheless, the Emperor and court nobles from families other than the Sekke were not amenable and continued their resistance when the opportunity arose.
- 宇津宮とは、四国の伊予国喜多郡宇津に住んでいた人物で、桓武天皇の第3皇子の伊予親王。
- The Utsunomiya was Imperial Prince Iyo, the third son of Emperor Kanmu who lived in Uzu, Kita District, Iyo Province in the Shikoku region.
- 皇位は「御座居」(みくらい)の意味で、天皇の玉座である高御座に居るという意味である。
- The Imperial Throne is synonymous with the word 'Mikurai' that denotes sitting on 'Takamikura' (the Emperor's high seat in the ceremony of the sovereign) which also means the Imperial Throne.
- 弘化3年(1846年)、仁孝天皇が崩御し、祺子の養子となっていた統仁親王が即位する。
- In 1846, the Emperor Ninko died and the Imperial Prince Osahito, Yasuko's adopted child, ascended the throne.
- また公家の間にも引き続いて天皇家から高位の公家に養子に入る形での皇別氏族が誕生した。
- In the meantime, kobetsu shizoku (families derived from the Imperial family) were established by high-ranking court nobles adopting members of the Imperial family.
- 1950年代から1960年代には、共産主義者を中心に天皇制の廃止を訴える意見もあった。
- Between the 1950s and 1960s, there was a movement for the abolition of the Tennosei mainly from the communists.
- 物部目大連は天皇を諌めて、身ごもりやすい人は褌が体に触れただけで身ごもりますと述べた。
- Mononobe no Me Omuraji advised the Emperor Yuryaku that there were some women who would become pregnant more easily; then those women could become pregnant through just contact with a fundoshi (a traditional under wear for male).
- そのため、京都市民の今上天皇の即位の礼の場所に対する落胆ぶりには甚だしいものがあった。
- Therefore, people of Kyoto City were deeply disappointed with the location of the present Emperor's Sokui no rei.
- やがて称徳天皇が死ぬと永手ら藤原氏は他戸王の父である白壁王を皇位継承者として擁立する。
- After Emperor Shotoku died, FUJIWARA no Nagate and other members of the Fujiwara clan supported Shirakabe no okimi, father of Osabe no okimi, as the successor to the Imperial Throne.
- 「日本国憲法で、天皇は日本国の象徴であり日本国民統合の象徴であると規定されています。」
- The Constitution of Japan provides that the Emperor is the symbol of Japan, as well as the symbol of the unity of the Japanese people.'
- 享保3年(1718年)霊元天皇より直仁親王へ閑院宮の家号と所領1000石が下賜された。
- In 1718, Emperor Reigen granted Imperial Prince Naohito Yago (family name) of Kanin no miya and 1,000 koku (180.39 cubic meters) of territory as an Imperial gift.
- 正中 (日本)元年(1324年)には後醍醐天皇の最初の討幕計画である正中の変が起きた。
- In Shochu Disturbance that occurred in 1324, Emperor Godaigo first plotted to overthrow the Kamakura Shogunate.
- 文徳天皇の皇子・惟彦親王の子孫が平朝臣を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族。
- This clan originated with the descendants of Imperial Prince Korehiko (Emperor Montoku's son), who were given the honorary surname of Taira no Ason upon being demoted from the Imperial family.
- また、天皇が存命中に皇位を他者に譲ること(譲位)は認められていない(皇室典範第四条)。
- It is not permitted that Emperor hands over the Imperial Throne to another person during his life time (the Imperial House Act, Article 4).
- そもそも戦前・戦中の天皇は主権者にして統治者であり、批判は許されなかった(絶対君主制)。
- First of all, Emperor was sovereign and a ruler before the World War II and during the World War II and no criticism was allowed (absolute monarchy).
- 軍部が天皇直隷を盾に独走・政府無視を続けて、もはや統制できない状況になるケースもあった。
- When the military was running away and ignoring the government using their position of being directly under the Emperor as a shield, the government had trouble regulating them.
- 大日本帝国憲法を起草した伊藤博文も、天皇に絶対君主の役割を期待するようなことはなかった。
- Even Hirobumi ITO, who drew up the Constitution of the Empire of Japan did not expect the Emperor to take the complete role of the monarch.
- 渟名城入媛命(ぬなきいりびめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女で、母は尾張大海媛。
- Princess Numaki iribime (Nunaki iribime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- 即位の礼(そくいのれい)は、天皇が践祚(せんそ)の後、皇位を継承したことを公示する儀式。
- Sokui no rei is a ceremony that notifies publicly that the Emperor succeeded the Imperial Throne after the accession.
- 6月2日、イギリス・エリザベス2世 (イギリス女王)の戴冠式へ昭和天皇の名代として参列。
- He attended the coronation of Elizabeth Ⅱ (Queen of Britain) as the proxy of the Emperor Showa on June 2, 1953.
- 異母兄・用明天皇の皇后となり、聖徳太子(聖徳太子)・来目皇子・殖栗皇子・茨田皇子を生む。
- She married her older paternal half-brother, the Emperor Yomei, and became the mother of the Prince Shotoku, the Prince Kume, the Prince Ekuri (Eguri) and the Prince Manda.
- 丹波で鎌倉幕府の追討宣旨を奉じ、足利尊氏が朝廷方に転じ後醍醐天皇の建武の新政に貢献した。
- However, after receiving the Imperial decree to track down the Kamakura bakufu in Tanba, Takauji ASHIKAGA took the Imperial Court's side and helped Emperor Godaigo to start the Kenmu Restoration.
- 誠光の兄の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて幕府との交渉に活躍した。
- Sukekado YANAGIWARA, an elder brother of Tomomitsu and a cousin of the Emperor Reigen, served as an official intermediary between the court and the bakufu called Buke Denso and played an active role in negotiations.
- 嵯峨源氏の渡辺氏は、嵯峨天皇の皇子である左大臣源融(みなもと・の・とおる)を遠祖とする。
- The patriarch of the Watanabe clan of Saga-Genji was MINAMOTO no Toru who was the Minister of the Left and the Emperor Saga's prince.
- 結局、この計画は流れたが、徳川将軍の権威の低下と天皇・朝廷の権威の復活は明らかとなった。
- After all, this plan was not implemented; however, decrease in Tokugawa's authority and revival of the Emperor's Imperial Court authorities became obvious.
- しかし、645年(皇極天皇4年)に乙巳の変で蘇我蝦夷・蘇我入鹿親子の宗本家が滅ぼされる。
- In 645, however, the head family of the Soga clan of Soga no Emishi, the father and his son, SOGA no Iruka was destroyed in Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 公式令 (律令法)によれば、まず天皇が勅の内容を侍従などに伝えてそれを中務省に伝達する。
- According to Kushiki-ryo (law on state documentary forms in the Yoro Code)(Ritsuryo), the emperor first passes on the contents of Choku to a jiju (a chamberlain) and then transmits to the Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs).
- 子は天豊津媛命(懿徳天皇皇后)のみで、跡継ぎがなかったと「先代旧事本紀」に記されている。
- Amatoyotsuhime no mikoto (Empress of Emperor Itoku) was his only child, and it is described in 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History) that he had no heir.
- 「天皇をたゞの人間に戻すことは現在の日本に於て絶対的に必要」(坂口安吾・1946年6月)。
- It is necessary in today's Japan to bring the status of the Emperor down to a normal human being' (Ango SAKAGUCHI, June 1946).
- 持統天皇8年(694年)8月17日に明日香皇女の病気平癒のために沙門108人を出家させた。
- On September 14, 694, the Empress Jito encouraged 108 people to enter the Buddhist priesthood, praying for the Imperial Princess Asuka's recovery from her illness.
- 681年(天武天皇11年)川島皇子らと「帝記」及び上古における事柄の記録・校定に従事した。
- In 681, he engaged in recording and revising of the 'Teiki' (the Record of Emperors) and affairs of high antiquity with Imperial Prince Kawashima and others.
- また、正親町天皇の時も皇室財政から即位礼費用の拠出は叶わず、毛利元就の援助をして挙行した。
- Moreover, Emperor Ogimachi's enthronement ceremony was held with financial support from Motonari MORI because of Imperial financial difficulty.
- もっとも、天皇自身は中華人民共和国が反日を強めるまでは、この訪問を御製に詠むなどしていた。
- However, the Emperor had often referred to the visit to China by composing Waka (31-syllable Japanese poems) and other means until anti-Japanese sentiment in China became stronger.
- 諸事の決定については独立後も昭和天皇の決裁を仰ぎ、様々な事柄について報告していたと伝わる。
- Submitting various matters for the Emperor Showa's approval even after his independent, he informed the Emperor of all kinds of affairs.
- (男系系図:東山天皇━閑院宮直仁親王━鷹司輔平━鷹司政煕━鷹司政通━徳大寺公純━住友友純)
- (Family line according to male line: Higashiyama Emperor - Kanin-no-miya Imperial Prince Naohito - Sukehira TAKATSUKASA - Masahiro TAKATSUKASA - Masamichi TAKATSUKASA - Kinito TOKUDAIJI - Tomoito SUMITOMO)
- 清水谷実業は、歌道で有名な三条西家より養子に入り、霊元天皇歌壇の代表的歌人として知られる。
- Sanenari SHIMIZUDANI was adopted from the Sanjonishi family famous for waka poetry and was known as a representative kajin (waka poet) in Emperor Reigen's waka circle.
- 神祇とは神を祀ることであり、その責任者は天皇であって、朝廷にとって最も重要な行為であった。
- Jingi, meaning to worship deities, was the most important ritual for the Imperial Court because the Emperor assumed the responsibility for it.
- 磐之媛命(いわのひめのみこと、生年不詳-仁徳天皇35年6月(347年)は、古墳時代の皇妃。
- Iwanohimenomikoto (year of birth unknown – June, 347) was an Empress of the Kofun period.
- 文様は冠親である五摂家いずれか固有のものを使うが、大正天皇以降は菊花紋章に固定されている。
- Unique pattern of one of Gosekke which served as a kanmuri-oya was used, but the 16-petal chrysanthemum crest has been always used since the reign of Emperor Taisho.
- 『日本書紀』には名が見えず、「伊賀国名所記」に弘文天皇の同母妹と書かれているが真偽は不明。
- Her name is not mentioned in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), and the authenticity of the description in 'Iga no kuni Meishoki' (an illustrated guide to notable places of Iga Province) that she was a sister-uterine of the Emperor Kobun is unknown.
- 品位は天皇と皇太子を除く皇親の序列を示すものであり、一品親王は皇親の筆頭的な地位にあった。
- The Honi (court rank) shows the hierarchy of Koshin (emperor's family) excluding the emperor and the crown prince, so Ippon Shinno was one of the highest rank in Koshin.
- 大日本帝国憲法では、内閣の大臣は天皇を輔弼するもの(総理大臣も他の大臣と同格)と規定された。
- Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the Cabinet ministers were stated to support the Emperor (the Prime Minister was the same level as the other ministers).
- 新皇位への即位は京都朝廷へ奏上を行っており、相対する新たなる天皇という意味で新皇を名乗った。
- Enthronement to the new emperor was reported to the Emperor at the Kyoto Imperial Court and they identified themselves as the new emperor as opposed to the present one.
- この様な行動から、信長は天皇を廃して自身が日本の王になろうとしたのではないかという説がある。
- From such actions, there is a theory which says Nobunaga tried to become the king of Japan himself by putting an end to the Emperor.
- 准母(じゅんぼ)とは、天皇の生母でない女性が母に擬されること、または母に擬された女性の称号。
- Junbo means equating a woman who is not the real mother of the emperor with his mother or the title of a woman who is equated with the mother of the emperor.
- あるとき物部目大連 (古代日本)が庭を歩く女の子の姿を見て、天皇の姿によく似ていると述べた。
- One day, Mononobe no Me Omuraji saw the little girl (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) as she walked by in a garden inside the palace; later he told the Emperor Yuryaku, that the girl bore a strong family resemblance to him.
- 事件後、皇極天皇のあとを受けて皇位に即く事を勧められたがそれを断り、出家して吉野へ隠退した。
- After the incident, despite Furuhito no Oe no Miko was strongly recommended to ascend to the throne, he refused and entered into the priesthood to retire.
- 天武天皇2年(673年)12月17日に、美濃王は紀訶多麻呂とともに造高市大寺司に任じられた。
- On February 1, 674, Mino no Okimi was appointed as an Officer of Takechi-daiji Temple Construction together with Ki no Katamaro.
- 奏事不実(そうじふじつ)とは、天皇に事実と違うことを奏上すること、または他者を讒言すること。
- Sojifujitsu is to make a false statement to the Emperor or to make a false charge.
- 光孝天皇の孫・式膽王及び興我王の子孫が平朝臣を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族。
- This clan originated with descendants of Prince Shikisen and Prince Koga (grandchildren of Emperor Koko), who were given the honorary surname of Taira no Ason upon being demoted from the Imperial family.
- 例えば天皇の息子(皇太子)と弟(皇太弟)というように、皇位継承をめぐって権力闘争が起こった。
- There were power struggles over succession to the Imperial Throne, such as an emperor's son (crown prince) and his younger brother (the younger brother of an emperor who is the heir apparent).
- 建皇子(たけるのみこ、白雉2年(651年) - 皇極天皇4年(658年)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Takeru no miko (651 - 658) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- 別の記述では「大俣王」とも書かれることから、敏達天皇の孫「大俣王」と同一人物と見る説もある。
- Since he was called 'Omata no miko' in other text, it is said that he was the same person as 'Omata no miko,' a grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu.
- なお、現在の日本では国民の祝日に関する法律によって、月日に基づき天皇誕生日が定められている。
- Under the Act on National Holidays, in present Japan, the Emperor's Birthday is determined according to the date of birth of the Emperor.
- この際、天皇より3歳年長であることを忌避して、公式には嘉永3年(1850年)の出生とされた。
- On this occasion, to avoid the fact that Shoken was three years older than the Emperor, her birth year was officially announced as1850.
- 二・二六事件の際は昭和天皇が激怒し、「自ら鎮圧に行く」とまで主張したため、反乱軍は鎮圧された。
- When the February 26th Incident occurred, because the Emperor Showa got enraged and insisted on going there himself to settle the situation, the rebels were subdued.
- その後続いた長い戦乱の中、天皇の権威は衰えながらも主に文化・伝統の継承者として存続していった。
- Although the authority of Emperor was weakened after a long period of warfare which occurred following the split of the Imperial Court, the Imperial Court continued to exist mainly as the successor of culture and tradition.
- 上代には践祚と即位との区別がなかったが、桓武天皇から践祚後に日を隔てて即位式を行う例ができた。
- Although there were no distinction between accession and enthronement in ancient times, the enthronement ceremony of Emperor Kanmu was held days after his accession.
- 上記のデーモン小暮閣下の件でも判るように、今上天皇は芸能音楽やスポーツ界の事情にも通じている。
- As shown in the above-mentioned Mr. Demon Kogure's episode, the present Emperor knows a lot about public entertainments and popular music and the sports.
- 昭和天皇からは名代として篤く信頼され「東宮ちゃんがいるから大丈夫」と手放しの賞賛を受けている。
- Enjoying the fullest confidence of the Emperor Showa as the proxy, he won the highest praise from the Emperor who said ' I am quite free from anxiety because the Crown Prince helps me.'
- 天武天皇8年(679年)吉野宮で吉野の盟約に参加し先の壬申の乱の様な戦渦を起こさぬ様誓約した。
- In 679 at Yoshino no miya, he joined the Oath in Yoshino vowing never to cause such calamitous war, the Jinshin War, to happen.
- 母親の身分が高くなかったことも関係して、数多くいた天武天皇の皇子の中では影の薄い存在であった。
- He was not distinguished among many of princes of the Emperor Tenmu, partially due to his mother's relatively low rank.
- 顕季は白河天皇の乳母の息子で、長じては白河法皇の院の近臣となり、政界及び歌壇の実力者となった。
- Akisue, the son of Menoto (nurse) of Emperor Shirakawa, was selected as a vassal of the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa, and became an influential person in both the court and in literary circles.
- さらに基音の子である園基福(霊元天皇の叔父にあたる)は羽林家としては異例の准大臣に叙せられた。
- In addition, Jun-daijin (Vice Minister) was conferred to Motoyoshi SONO (an uncle of Emperor Reigen) that was quite exceptional for urinke.
- 彼らは摂津国住吉郡の浜(住之江の浜、大阪湾)で行われる天皇の清めの儀式(八十嶋祭)に従事した。
- The Watanabe clan members were engaged in the imperial purification ritual (Yasoshima Festival) held in the beach of Sumiyoshi County, Settsu Province.
- これは中山忠能夫人が松浦家の出身であり、明治天皇の外戚に当たることが考慮されたと見られている。
- It is considered that this measure was taken because the wife of Tadayasu NAKAYAMA, a maternal relative of Emperor Meiji, came from the Matsuura family.
- 1820年(文政3年)仁孝天皇の後宮に入って権典侍となり、翌1821年(文政4年)典侍となる。
- In 1820, she was received at the court of Emperor Ninko and became 'Gon no naishi no suke' (a temporary maid of honor); She was promoted to 'Naishi no suke' (a court lady of the first rank) in 1821.
- 臣下は天皇の好物の酒を献上し、宴を賜ったという(「是日天長大酺群臣献翫好酒食宴畢賜禄有差」)。
- Vassals presented the Emperor's favorite alcohol and joined the party ('是日天長大酺群臣献翫好酒食宴畢賜禄有差').
- 宝暦5年(1755年)10月に従三位に叙され、11月に桃園天皇の後宮に入って女御宣下を受けた。
- She was conferred Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in November 1755, and became Nyogo with the imperial proclamation as entering the Emperor Momozono's court in December.
- 9世紀には桓武天皇の5世孫である桓武平氏の平将門が新皇として短い間ではあったが関東に君臨した。
- In the 9th century, TAIRA no Masakado from Kanmu-Heishi, the 5th generation descendant of Emperor Kanmu, reigned over Kanto region as a new emperor for a short period of time.
- 彼女が健康であることは、病弱な嘉仁親王(大正天皇)の妃となる大きな決め手にもなったようである。
- As the administrators of the Imperial Household Ministry (currently, Imperial Household Agency) were nominating potential princesses for the sickly Imperial Prince Yoshihito (Later, the Emperor Taisho), the healthy appearance of the Empress Teimei became the most distinctly important advantage for choosing her.
- そして、孫阿部内親王が即位(孝謙天皇)した749年には太皇太后の称号を受け、754年に崩御した。
- When her granddaughter the Imperial Princess Abe acceded to the throne and became the Empress Koken in 749, Miyako was conferred Grand Empress Dowager, and died in 754.
- 天武天皇4年(675年)3月16日に、諸王四位の栗隈王が兵政官長に、大伴御行が大輔に任じられた。
- On April 19, 675, Kurikuma no Okimi, Shoo Shii (princes without imperial proclamation but had Forth Court Rank), was appointed to Heiseikan Cho, and OTOMO no Miyuki to Taifu (vice-minister).
- 平安時代から鎌倉時代までは、当初は天皇や皇族、ひいては摂家や将軍家の戒名として院号が用いられた。
- From the Heian period to the Kamakura period, Ingo was used as Kaimyo of the Emperor and the Imperial Family at first, and then Sekke and Shogun families as well.
- 現在、天皇が服喪期間内に公務で外出する必要があるときは、官報の皇室事項欄に除喪の旨が公表される。
- At present, when the Emperor needs to go out as a public service, an announcement to the effect that the Emperor's mourning period is over on the column of the Imperial House things in the official gazette.
- 准母の選定は、父帝ではない先帝の嫡妻か、天皇の姉ないし叔母にあたる未婚の内親王の中から選ばれた。
- In selection of junbo, it was selected from the lawful wife of the former emperor who was not the father of the emperor and unmarried imperial princesses who were the elder sisters or the aunts of the emperor.
- 天皇はそれで、彼女の母が一夜で身ごもったのは異常であるため、自分の娘であるか疑っていると答えた。
- The Emperor Yuryaku replied that he had doubts whether the daughter was his own child because he thought it was unlikely that her mother had become pregnant from one night stand.
- 672年の壬申の乱のとき倭京にいて、大伴吹負の指揮権奪取に遭い、大海人皇子(天武天皇)に従った。
- When the Jinshin War took place in 672, Wakasa no Okimi was in the City of Yamato, and went over to the side of the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) after OTOMO no Fukei took control of the City of Yamato.
- 506年、武烈天皇が継嗣なく崩御したため、57歳の男大迹王は大伴金村や物部麁鹿火らの推薦があり。
- Because the Emperor Buretsu passed away without an apparent heir to succeed him in 506, Odo no Okimi, who was fifty-seven years old at that time, was recommended to be okimi (great king) by OTOMO no Kanamura and MONONOBE no Arakahi.
- 醍醐天皇より前には、皇太后を「帝の母で后」、皇太妃を「帝の母で妃」と称したのに対しこう呼ばれた。
- This title was given to distinguish Kotaifujin from Kotaigo 'Emperor's mother and dowager' and Kotaihi 'Emperor's mother and wife of Imperial member' before Emperor Daigo.
- 娘の一人は鎌倉将軍の久明親王(持明院統の後深草天皇の皇子)に嫁ぎ、外孫の久良親王が誕生している。
- One of his daughters married Imperial Prince Hisaaki of the Kamakura bakufu (the son of the Emperor Gofukakusa of the Jimyoin line) and gave birth to Imperial Prince Hisayoshi.
- 正親町天皇の皇孫八条宮智仁親王の男子、広幡忠幸(1623年 - 1669年)が臣籍降下して創立。
- Tadayuki HIROHATA (1623 to 1669), a son of Hachijo no Miya (Prince Toshihito), who was an imperial descendant of Emperor Ogimachi, underwent shinseki koka (demotion by Meiji Constitution whereby the Imperial Family lost its rank to become common people), started the family.
- 他にも勧修寺流藤原氏が同様の家柄であったとされ、天皇家や摂関家などにも同様の機能が存在していた。
- In addition to these examples, the Kajuji line of the Fujiwara clan is thought to have come from the same high pedigree as them, and the same feature of diary-writing appears in the Imperial House as well as in the Sekkanke (the house of regents and advisors).
- 桓武天皇が即位10年となった延暦9年(791年)に、縁戚関係にある大枝諸上らに大枝の姓を与えた。
- In 791, Emperor Kanmu, in the tenth year of his reign, gave OE no Morogami, with whom the Emperor was a relative, gave the Sei of Oe.
- 講書始(こうしょはじめ)とは毎年1月に天皇の学問始の一環として学者による進講を行う皇室年中行事。
- Koshohajime (New Year lecture in the court) is an annual event of the Imperial court in which Shinko (Scholars give a lecture or explain achievements to the Emperor, the Empress, and the nobility) is given by scholars as a part of the Emperor's start of learning in January every year.
- 天武15年(686年)4月27日、父天皇の病平癒祈願のため大蕤娘らと一緒に伊勢神宮に遣わされる。
- On May 27, 686, she was sent to the Ise-jingu Shrine with Onuno iratsume to pray for the recovery of the emperor, who was her father.
- その後安康天皇は中蒂姫命を妃としたが、この一件によって、安康は自らの暗殺の原因を作ってしまった。
- Afterwards, Emperor Anko made Princess Nakashi as his consort, but due to this affair, he created the cause for his own assassination.
- 式の終った時もまた執翳女嬬が翳を奉じたのち、進んで帳を垂れ、そののち、天皇は後房に帰りはいった。
- After a ceremony finished, Hatori nyoju shielded Emperor with Sashiha again and hung Tobari, and then he returned to Gobou (temple).
- 日本の歴史の飛鳥時代の始まりはいつなのか諸説あるが、推古天皇の即位を基準にするのが一般的である。
- Although there are various theories as to when the Asuka period in the history of Japan began but it is general to regard enthronement of Emperor Suiko as the beginning.
- 天皇位にある間は制約が多かったものの、譲位して上皇となると自由な立場になり君主としての実権を得た。
- While in the position of the Emperor, there were so many restrictions but once they abdicated the throne to become Joko (Retired Emperor), they became free and gained complete power as the monarch.
- ただし古代の天皇については、そもそも血縁による皇位継承を行っていたかどうか疑問を呈する意見もある。
- There are opinions that doubt whether Emperors in ancient times succeeded to the Imperial Throne based on blood relationships in the first place.
- 享保5年1月1日 (旧暦)(1720年2月8日)、第一皇子・昭仁親王(のちの桜町天皇)を出産する。
- On February 8, 1720, she gave birth to the first son, Imperial Prince Teruhito (later the Emperor Sakuramachi).
- 栗隈王(くりくまのおおきみ、生年不明 - 天武天皇5年(676年)6月)は、日本の飛鳥時代の皇族。
- The Kurikuma no Okimi (year of birth unknown - July, 676) was a member of the Japanese Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- これは天皇家の権力が絶対ではなく、あくまでも諸豪族を束ねる長(おさ)という立場であったためである。
- This is because the Imperial family didn't have absolute power since their responsibility was to manage local ruling families.
- 天武天皇4年(675年)4月10日に、美濃王は佐伯広足とともに遣わされて竜田の立野で風神を祀った。
- On May 12, 675, Mino no Okimi was dispatched to worship the god of the wind in Tateno, Tatsuta with SAEKI no Hirotarii.
- 第106代正親町天皇の孫の八条宮智仁親王の第3王子で源氏(正親町源氏)を称し広幡家を興した広幡忠幸
- Tadayuki HIROHATA is the 3rd Prince of Imperial Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito (the grandson of the 106th Emperor Ogimachi), and he established Hirohata family under the name of the Minamoto Clan (the official name was Ogimachi-Genji).
- 村上天皇の第八皇子具平親王の男右大臣源師房(1008年 - 1077年)を祖とする村上源氏の嫡流。
- The main branch of the family of Murakami-Genji (Murakami Gen clan), the originator of which was minister of the right MINAMOTO no Morofusa (1008 to 1077), who was the son of Imperial Prince Tomohira, the eighth prince of Emperor Murakami.
- 清和天皇を祖とする清和源氏の一流 摂津源氏の流れを汲み、美濃源氏の嫡流として美濃国を中心に栄えた。
- The Toki clan stems from the Settsu-Genji, the descendant of the Seiwa-Genji, whose ancestor was Emperor Seiwa, and mainly flourished in Mino Province as the main branch of the Mino-Genji clan.
- 小笠原氏の祖の小笠原長清は、滝口武者として高倉天皇に仕えた加賀美遠光の次男として甲斐国に生まれた。
- The ancestor of Ogasawara clan, Nagakiyo OGASAWARA was born in Kai Province as the second son of Tomitsu KAGAMI who served as an Imperial Palace Guard to Emperor Takakura.
- 少女ヌードの写真家として知られる清岡純子はこの家の出身である(父は大正天皇の侍従だった清岡長言)。
- The photographer of female nudity, Junko KIYOOKA, is from this family (her father was Nagakoto KIYOOKA, a jiju (chamberlain of Emperor Taisho).
- そのうち日本武尊は熊襲征討に行かせたことから、彼は万一成務天皇に何かあった場合の予備だったらしい。
- Among them, since YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto was sent to an expedition against Kumaso (a tribe living in the ancient Kyushu district), Iokiiribiko no miko was considered as a reserve in case something happened to Emperor Seimu.
- また、表は中務省を通じて天皇に提出され、国政の最高機関であった太政官は関与するところではなかった。
- These letters were handed to the Emperor through the Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs) and Daijokan, the highest organ of state affairs had no involvement.
- この時には元明天皇から氷高内親王への譲位が決まっておりそのための環境整備としての一品叙位であった。
- At that time, the abdication of the throne from the Empress Genmei to the Imperial Princess Hitaka had already been determined, and the granting Ippon was to create an environment suitable for the abdication.
- 同年、光格天皇の猶子となり、天保3年(1832年)に親王宣下を受け、嘉言(よしこと)と命名される。
- The same year, he was adopted to the Emperor Kokaku and given the title of imperial prince and the name Yoshikoto.
- 織田信長、豊臣秀吉も天皇の存在や権威を否定せず、政治に利用することによって自らの権威を高めていった。
- Neither Nobunaga ODA nor Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI denied the existence and authority of the Emperor and by using the Emperors in their politics, they strengthened their own authority.
- 妹の野讚良皇女とともに天武天皇の妃となり、大来皇女、大津皇子を生むが、夫の即位を見ずに若くして死ぬ。
- The Princess Ota, as well as her younger sister, Uno no Sarara, married the Emperor Tenmu, and gave birth to Oku no himemiko (the Princess Oku) and the Prince Otsu, but she died young before the enthronement of her husband.
- 泉皇女(いずみのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天平6年(734年)2月8日 (旧暦))は、天智天皇の皇女。
- The Imperial Princess Izumi (year of birth unknown - March 21, 734) was a princess of the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji).
- 基本的には即位の礼を行い、天下に自分が天皇の位を継いだことを示すことで、昔は践祚との区別はなかった。
- It basically refers to the act of the new emperor or empress demonstrating that he or she has succeeded the predecessor by holding the Sokui no rei (ceremony of the enthronement), and there was no distinction between sokui and senso (accession to the throne) in the past.
- 1928年(昭和3年)11月6日、昭和天皇は即位の礼を執り行う為、宮城を出発し、京都御所へ向かった。
- On November 6, 1928 (Showa 3), Emperor Showa left Miyagi and went to Kyoto Imperial Palace to hold the Sokui no rei.
- 父・昭和天皇同様、タイ王国をはじめとする東南アジア、及び動植物の宝庫であるマダガスカルとの縁が深い。
- Similar to his father the Emperor Showa, Imperial Prince Akishino-no-miya Fumihito has established good relationships with countries in Southeast Asia like the Kingdom of Thailand as well as Madagascar, a rich repository of animals and plants.
- しかし、翌年5月11日公布の昭和11年条約第3号から「大日本帝国天皇陛下」と表記されるようになった。
- However, 'Dainippon Teikoku Tenno Heika' (His Imperial Majesty of the Great Empire of Japan) came to be adopted after Showa Juichi (11) nen Treaty No.3 was issued in May 11, 1936.
- 大正2年(1913年)に断絶したが、大正天皇の第3皇子の高松宮宣仁親王が有栖川宮家の祭祀を継承する。
- In 1913, the family died out, but Imperial Prince Nobuhito TAKAMATSUNOMIYA, the third son of the Emperor Taisho, carried on the religious services of the Arisugawanomiya family.
- しかし、公家一党の支配確立を目指す、後醍醐天皇の政治が様々な混乱を呼ぶとともに武家の不満が集積した。
- However, Emperor Godaigo's policy which aimed at political primacy of the Court nobles caused various confusion, resulting in the accumulation of discontent among samurai families.
- 明治天皇の元で岩倉具視は右大臣を務め、堀河康隆も引き続き侍従を務めるなど、宮中において重きをなした。
- The members of the family played the central roles at the Imperial Court of Emperor Meiji: Tomomi IWAKURA became Udaijin (minister of the right) and Yasutaka HORIKAWA held Jiju.
- 仁明天皇の孫・雅望王、行忠王及び惟時王の子孫が平朝臣を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族。
- This clan originated with the descendents of Prince Masamochi, Prince Yukitada, and Prince Koretoki (all of whom were grandsons of Emperor Ninmyo), who were given the honorary surname of Taira no Ason upon being demoted from the Imperial family.
- 后位(こうい)とは、先代あるいは当代の天皇の嫡妻に与えられた地位である太皇太后・皇太后・皇后を指す。
- Koi (the Position of Empress) indicates Grand Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager or Empress that was the position given to a legitimate wife of the present or previous retired Emperor.
- 歴史学者の間では天皇が国家統治機構の前面に登場する近代以前の国家体制に適用することに対して批判もある。
- Some historians are against applying the word Tennosei to the state system before recent times because the Emperor was not in the front line of the national governing system.
- また昭和天皇が敗戦で喪ったものを慰霊の旅を通して、昭和の負の遺産に向き合うことによって抱え込んでいる。
- Moreover, he has sincerely reflected the losses Japan incurred from the defeat in the days of the Emperor Showa, by facing the negative assets in the Showa period through journeys to comfort the war dead.
- 稚狭王(わかさのおおきみ、生年不明 - 天武天皇7年(678年)9月)は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Wakasa no Okimi (year of birth unknown - September 678) was a person who lived during the Asuka period.
- ただし、前後の清寧・顕宗天皇などの実在を否定する立場からは、執政期間がさらに数年に及ぶとの推定もある。
- However, some estimates that her administration was longer than a few years from the standpoint of denying the existence of the predecessor and successor Emperor Seinei and Emperor Kenzo.
- 用明天皇の皇后であった時に、厩の戸口で厩戸皇子(聖徳太子)を出産したという『日本書紀』の逸話は有名だ。
- There is a famous anecdote in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) that when Anahobe no hashihito no himemiko was the empress of the Emperor Yomei, she gave birth to the Prince Umayado (the Prince Shotoku) at Umaya no toguchi (a door of a stable).
- 672年の壬申の乱で大友皇子(弘文天皇)の将となったが、味方の蘇我果安、巨勢比等(巨勢人)に殺された。
- He was the general of the army of the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) during the Jinshin war in 672, but he was killed by SOGA no Hatayasu and KOSE no Hito.
- 為輔の玄孫・藤原為房は白河天皇の院近臣、関白藤原師実・藤原師通の家司となり、勧修寺流中興の祖とされる。
- FUJIWARA no Tamefusa, a great-great-grandson of Tamesuke, became a personal attendant of the Emperor Shirakawa and a keishi of FUJIWARA no Morozane and FUJIWARA no Moromichi, who were both kanpaku (post held by a person who governs in the Emperor's stead), and is said to have instigated the restoration of the Kajuji/Kanjuji ryu.
- 道隆の子の藤原伊周と藤原隆家は叔父藤原道長と対立し、花山天皇に矢を射かけた罪で左遷された(長徳の変)。
- Two of Michitaka's sons, FUJIWARA no Korechika and FUJIWARA no Takaie, fell into conflict with their uncle FUJIWARA no Michinaga, and were demoted in disgrace (in what is known as the Chotoku Incident) for the crime of shooting an arrow at Emperor Kazan.
- 村上天皇の皇子具平親王の子孫で内大臣を務めた源通親(土御門通親)の五男、中院通方を祖として創設された。
- The family was founded by Michikata NAKANOIN, who was the fifth son of MINAMOTO no Michichika (Michichika TSUCHIMIKADO) who was a descendant of Imperial Prince Tomohira of the Emperor Murakami and worked as Naidaijin.
- 「王」の身位は天皇との血縁関係で決まり、本来は官職に付随する性質のものではない(詳しくは皇族を参照)。
- Whether the title of 'prince' could be given or not was decided by the blood relationship with the emperor, and so a certain post was not essentially accompanied by the title (for details refer to the article of 'Imperial Family.')
- 家宝は御旗(後冷泉天皇から下賜された日章旗)・楯無(楯無の鎧、源頼義が御旗とともに授けられたという)。
- Its family treasures are Mihata (the Japanese (rising sun) flag that was granted by Emperor Goreizei) and Tatenashi (Tatenashi-no-yoroi (unrivaled armor) which Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was granted together with Mihata).
- 『旧辞』と共に、天武天皇が稗田阿礼に暗誦させたといわれ、のちに記紀編纂の基本史料となったと伝えられる。
- It is said that Emperor Tenmu made HIEDA no Are recite the Teiki from memory along with the 'Kyuji' (mythical tradition), and later this was said to be the basic historical material for the compilation of the later Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan).
- 「天皇制の下に他国とは趣の異なったデモクラシーの運用が行われねばならぬ」(安岡正篤・1945年12月)。
- Under the Tennosei, we should carry out a different type of democracy from those of other countries' (December 1945, Masahiro YASUOKA).
- 大田皇女(おおたのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇6年(667年)2月 (旧暦)頃)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- The Imperial Princess Ota (year of birth unknown - c. March, 667) was one of the Imperial Family members during the Asuka period.
- 正殿の儀にて使用される玉座は天皇のものを高御座(たかみくら)、皇后のものを御帳台(みちょうだい)と呼ぶ。
- The Imperial thrones used at the Enthronement Ceremony are called Takamikura (Imperial Throne) for the Emperor and Michodai for the Empress.
- だが、称徳天皇の時代、天武系皇族は皇位継承を巡る内紛から殆どが粛清されており、めぼしい人物がいなかった。
- However, in Emperor Shotoku era, there was no candidate from the Emperor Tenmu family to ascend the Throne since they had been purged due to internal conflict over the succession to the Imperial throne.
- 中華人民共和国からはその後2008年、北京オリンピック開会式に天皇の訪中の要請がなされたが、断っている。
- Although the People's Republic of China requested the Emperor to attend the opening ceremony of Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, the Imperial Household Agency turned down the request.
- 壬生基博(もとひろ)は、昭和天皇の第1皇女成子内親王と東久邇宮稔彦王の長男東久邇盛厚(もりひろ)の二男。
- Motohiro MIBU was the second son of Princess Shigeko, the first daughter of the Emperor Showa, and Morihiro HIGASHIKUNINOMIYA was the first son of Naruhikoo HIGASHIKUNINOMIYA.
- そこで和氏は上杉重能とともに後醍醐天皇に帰順を願う使者の役割を果たし、京都の六波羅探題攻撃にも加わった。
- Kazuuji, with Shigeyoshi UESUGI, played the role of envoys requesting for the Emperor Godaigo to return to the allegiance, and also he joined to attack on Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) in Kyoto.
- しかし天皇の意志に背くことは出来ずに爵位を受けたが、この時には華族制度を疑問視する意見書を提出している。
- Since being unable to renegade the emperor's will, he finally accepted the offer of the peerage, however, at the same time, he submitted a paper opposing the kazoku system.
- 村上天皇の皇子具平親王の子源師房が寛仁4年(1020年)に源朝臣の姓を賜わり、その孫にあたる源雅実が祖。
- In 1020, MINAMOTO no Morofusa, a child of the Imperial Prince Tomohira of the Emperor Murakami, was given the surname of MINAMOTO no Ason and MINAMOTO no Masazane, the grandchild of this prince, founded the family.
- また、皇極・斉明天皇の宝皇女もその可能性が高いと平林章仁氏(大和高田市片塩中学校教諭)等は指摘している。
- Akihito HIRABAYSHI (a teacher of Katashio Junior High School in Yamatotakada City) and others point out that it is highly likely that the Empress Kogyoku or the Saimei was called Takara no Himemiko for the same reason.
- 自身も白村江の戦いの敗戦直後、孫の葛城皇子(後の天智天皇)の正式な即位を見ないまま、664年に薨去した。
- In 664, immediately after the defeat in the Battle of Hakusukinoe, she passed away without being able to see the official enthronement of her grandson, Katsuragi no Miko (who was later to become the Emperor Tenchi).
- その遺言通り、現在は斉明天皇陵に埋葬されている(近くには叔母・間人皇女と姉・大田皇女も埋葬されている)。
- In accordance with the will, he has been entombed in the Imperial mausoleum of the Empress Saimei (His aunt, Hashihito no Himemiko and his older sister, Ota no himemiko, have also been entombed nearby.)
- ここに至って纓の先端が垂れずに頭上に上がったままの現在も天皇が被る御立纓(ごりゅうえい)の冠が登場した。
- Court caps called Goryuei (literally, 'standing ei'), whose ei did not hang down but stood on the head, finally appeared during this period, and this type of Court caps are still used by the current Emperor.
- 天皇家の庶家としてその家系は価値を有しており、歴史上皇別・王孫の氏族の出であると偽ったものも少なくない。
- Being one of the branch families of the Imperial family gave the value to the family line, and not a few cases that persons pretended to be a member of Kobetsu/Oson are found in Japanese history.
- これにより、天皇の皇子の中で、継承順位が最も高い者が「皇嗣たる皇子」として皇太子に立てられる事となった。
- Accordingly, an Imperial prince who was the first in line to the Imperial throne began to be considered 'Imperial prince who was the heir to the throne' and appointed Crown Prince.
- 国内でも同様の用例は見られるが、名指しは天皇に特別な敬意を示さない意思表示として受け取られる場合も多い。
- Similar examples can be seen even in Japan, but calling the emperor by a name without an honorific title can be often perceived as a declaration of intention that special respect is not paid to the emperor.
- 「平成天皇」という呼称は当人の死後の追号・諡の形式であることから、これを生前に使用することは誤っている。
- The name 'Heisei Tenno' (Emperor Heisei) is the form of posthumous title or imina (posthumous name) of the person concerned and therefore it is incorrect to use it during his lifetime.
- 平安時代の公卿・源光(みなもと・の・ひかる=仁明天皇皇子、右大臣)については、源光 (公卿)を参照のこと。
- Regarding a court noble in the Heian period, MINAMOTO no Hikaru (a prince of Emperor Nimyo, udaijin [minister of the right]), refer to MINAMOTO no Hikaru (court noble).
- 長く苦しむ事となる病気にかかりながらも、跡継ぎを生み、天皇の后としての最低限の役割は果たした宮子であった。
- While fighting against her illness for a long time, Miyako fulfilled her minimum duty as an empress of an emperor by giving birth to a prince heir.
- ものの、異母兄の大鷦鷯尊(おおさざきのみこと、後の仁徳天皇)に皇位を譲るべく自殺したという美談で知られる。
- Then Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko would commit suicide in order to pass the Imperial Throne to Prince Osazaki (Osazaki no Mikoto, later Emperor Nintoku); this episode became a well known and beautiful story in Japan.
- 間人皇女はそれに伴い皇后となり、葛城皇子(中大兄皇子、後の天智天皇)を皇太子とし、大化の年号が採用された。
- Following the enthronement of the Emperor Kotoku, Hashihito no Himemiko became the empress and Katsuragi no Miko (Naka no Oe no Oji, who later became the Emperor Tenchi) held the rank of crown prince and the new era name, Taika was established.
- 白雉4年(653年)に葛城皇子は天皇の意に反し、皇極や間人皇女の他、多くの官僚を率いて飛鳥に戻ってしまう。
- In 653 ignoring the Emperor Kotoku's opposition, Katsuragi no Miko moved back to Asuka taking Kogyoku, Hashihito no Himemiko and many government officials with him.
- しかし『万葉集』の註には斉明天皇作との旨が記されているなどの異伝も見られ、必ずしも確証があるわけではない。
- However, it has been pointed out that the argument is lacking in sufficient evidence, and some researchers argue that there are notes in 'Manyoshu' saying the poem was written by the Empress Saimei.
- また、多くの公家は明治天皇に従い東京に移住したが、上冷泉家はその後も京都の江戸時代からの屋敷に住み続けた。
- Many of the court nobility moved to Tokyo after the Meiji Emperor, but the Kami Reizei family remained in Kyoto in the residence they had lived in since the Edo Period.
- 家系は清和天皇の血をひく清和源氏の一家系 河内源氏の棟梁 鎮守府将軍源義家の子 源義国を足利氏の有力一門。
- The family was an influential family of the Ashikaga clan, which was founded by MINAMOTO no Yoshikuni, a child of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie who was a Chinju-fu shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of the North) and head of the Kawachi-Genji which was a family line of Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) originated from Emperor Seiwa.
- この様な執権職と得宗の関係は、同時代の朝廷における天皇と治天の君との関係に類似しているとも指摘されている。
- It has been pointed out that the relationship between the regent and the head of the Tokuso was similar to that between the emperor and the retired emperor in the Imperial Court during the same period.
- なお、大正天皇については実際の誕生日は8月31日で、大正2年(1913年)まではこの日に天長節が祝われた。
- Regarding the Emperor Taisho, his actual birthday was August 31 and tencho setsu had been celebrated on that day until 1913.
- 日本においては27年後の宝亀6年(775年)の光仁天皇の時代、10月13日に天長節の儀がとりおこなわれた。
- In Japan, in 775 (the Emperor Konin's era) which is 27 years after that, a ceremony of tencho setsu was held on October 13.
- また、終戦の際、ポツダム宣言の受諾・降伏を決定することは総理大臣にも出来ず、天皇の「聖断」を仰ぐ他なかった。
- When deciding whether to accept the Potsdam Declaration and surrender at the end of World War II, even the Prime Minister was not allowed to decide it by himself and so they had to ask the Emperor to make an 'Imperial decision'.
- 701年、首(おびと)皇子(後の聖武天皇)を出産したが、心的障害に陥り、その後は長く皇子に会う事はなかった。
- In 701 Miyako gave birth to the Prince Obito (later the Emperor Shomu), but suffering from mental illness, she did not have a chance to see the prince for a long time.
- 寛保2年(1742年)桜町天皇の猶子となり、翌寛保3年(1743年)10月親王宣下を蒙り、邦忠と命名される。
- In 1742, he was adopted by the Emperor Sakuramachi and in 1743, he received the title of the Imperial Prince and was named Kunitada.
- 壬申の乱が勃発したとき、近江宮の大友皇子(弘文天皇)は、樟磐手を使者として筑紫国に送り、兵を送るよう命じた。
- When the Jinshin War broke out, the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) in Omi no miya sent KUSU no Iwate as an emissary to Tsukushi Province and ordered Kurikuma no Okimi to send his troops to Omi no miya to support the prince.
- 鎌倉に武家政権が成立すると、天皇・上皇を中心とした朝廷と将軍を中心とした幕府とによる二重政権の様相を呈した。
- When the samurai government was established in Kamakura (in 1192), it became a dual government of the Chotei (Imperial Court), centered with the Emperor and the retired Emperor and Bakufu (samurai government) with a shogun in the middle.
- しかし、尊皇攘夷派の志士の一部は天皇を「玉」(ぎょく)と呼び、政権を取るために利用する道具だと認識していた。
- However, some Sonno-joi supporters were calling Emperor 'gyoku' or 'tama' and they were aware that Emperor was a tool for them to use for attaining the political power.
- 万葉集巻20-4479に「藤原夫人歌一首」があり、「浄御原宮御宇天皇之夫人也 字曰氷上大刀自也」と注がある。
- The waka poem No. 4479 in the volume 20 of Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) is titled 'a waka poem by Fujiwara fujin,' and accompanied with a note stating that 'she is the wife of the Kiyomihara no miya Gyou Tenno (the Emperor Tenmu), and her azana (Chinese courtesy name used in formal situations) is HIKAMI no Otoji.'
- 七殿五舎(しちでんごしゃ)とは、平安京内裏の紫宸殿や仁寿殿の後方に位置し、主に天皇の后妃の住まう殿舎を指す。
- Shichidengosha refers to the palace buildings located behind Shishinden (The Throne Hall) and Jijuden (literally, hall of benevolence and longevity) in the dairi (inner palace grounds) of the Heian Palace, which were mainly used as the residence of the empresses of the emperors.
- 平成19年(2007年)の佐賀県行幸の際、到着した天皇を出迎えた市民の一部が自然発生的に君が代を歌い始めた。
- During the Imperial visit to Saga Prefecture in 2007, there was an episode that some citizens welcomed the Emperor spontaneously started singing Japan's national anthem.
- 日本国皇帝(にほんこくこうてい)は昭和前期まで用いられていた天皇の称号の一つ、主として外交分野で使用された。
- Nihonkoku Kotei is one of the titles of the Emperor of Japan that had been used up to early Showa period and was mainly used in diplomatic domain.
- 天皇が重要な神事において無紋の冠を被り、纓をいったん頭上に上げて折り返し、巾子ごと白い平絹の帯で結んだもの。
- This is a Court cap with no crest which is worn by an emperor at significant ritual ceremonies, with its ei folding over on his head to fix it together with koji with a band of white silk.
- これは当時既に天武天皇の子女の中で彼女が最後の生存者になっていたために格別な敬意が払われたものとされている。
- It is said that she was granted the rank as a token of special respect to her, who was the only living child of the Emperor Tenmu at the time.
- また、天皇近親者の喪である諒闇(りょうあん)に際しては文官も巻纓冠を着用するが、柏挟との混同の可能性もある。
- It is said that civil officers also wore keneikan during ryoan (Court mourning of close relatives of an emperor), but there is a possibility that it is confounded with kashiwabasami.
- 大草香皇子(おおくさかのみこ、生年不詳 - 安康天皇元年2月1日 (旧暦)(454年))は、古墳時代の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Okusaka (Okusaka no miko, year of birth unknown - March 16, 454) was a member of the Imperial family who lived during the Kofun period (tumulus period).
- 文化 (元号)10年(1813年)、16歳のとき、2歳年下の皇太子恵仁親王(のちの仁孝天皇)の妃として入内。
- In 1813, she made judai (an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court) as the empress of the Crown Prince Ayahito (the Imperial Prince Ayahito, later the Emperor Ninko), who was two years younger than she, at the age of 16.
- 第二次世界大戦が終わると、共産主義や近代政治学(前記の丸山眞男ら)の立場などから天皇制批判が数多く提議された。
- After World War II, there came numerous criticisms of the Tennosei from the perspective of communism and modern political science (from people such as Masao MARUYAMA who was mentioned above).
- しかし、次第に大王 (ヤマト王権)の子弟を指すようになり、天皇の成立とともに皇子の字があてられるようになった。
- However, it gradually came to refer to the children and younger brothers of Okimi (great king) of the Yamato sovereignty, and upon the establishment of the emperor, 皇子, the character of Miko, started to be used for the naming.
- 近年の研究では、継体天皇即位の正当性を示すために系譜作成の段階で挿入された人物としてその実在性を疑われている。
- In recent research and historical study, doubt was cast on the existence of Prince Ohodo; this was effected in the belief of some scholars that Prince Ohodo was an implant; being a fictitious person inserted during the process of creating the genealogy tables, in an attempt to show the legitimacy in the enthronement of the Emperor Keitai.
- 特に明治以前の即位式において新天皇に灌頂を授ける「即位灌頂」の儀を掌る役目は室町時代以後二条家が独占していた。
- Particularly, after the Muromachi period until Meiji period, the Nijo Family dominated the position that was in charge of 'Sokui kanjo (accession to the throne),' which was to offer kanjo (cabalistic ceremony provided to the Emperor-to-be) to the new Emperor at an enthronement ceremony.
- 後陽成天皇にその才能を寵愛され、地下官人では異例の院昇殿が認められ、従五位下近衛府から正四位上大蔵省に至った。
- Emperor Goyozei was pleased with Mototada's ability and granted Mototada permission to enter the ex-emperor's palace--which was an extraordinary privilege for low ranked officials; then, Mototada was raised from Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), the Lieutenant of the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards to Shoshiinojo (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade), the Treasury Commissioner in the Office of the Treasury.
- その後、第50代桓武天皇から派生した桓武平氏は東国を親王任国として自領化していった(常陸国・上総国・上野国)。
- Thereafter, the Kanmu-Heishi, which was descended from the fiftieth Emperor Kanmu, took over Togoku (Hitachi Province, Kazusa Province and Kozuke Province) by appointing imperial princes to the governors of the provinces.
- 橘娘(たちばなのいらつめ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇10年2月29日 (旧暦)(681年))は、阿倍倉梯麻呂の娘。
- TACHIBANA no Iratsume (year of birth unknown - March 26, 681) was a daughter of ABE no Kurahashimaro.
- 文久3年(1863年)、上洛した徳川家茂に対して攘夷の実行を促すため、孝明天皇から節刀を授けることが図られた。
- In 1863, the Emperor Komei granted Setto to Iemochi TOKUGAWA who went up to Kyoto in order to encourage expulsion of foreigners.
- なお平将門の出身である桓武平氏は、臣籍降下した皇胤であり、将門は桓武天皇の続柄玄孫(一説には続柄来孫)にあたる。
- Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), whose origin is TAIRA no Masakado, demoted from nobility to subject and is an Imperial descendant (posterity) which makes Masakado related to Emperor Kammu as his great-great-grandson (one theory says related as a great-great-great-grandchild).
- 来目皇子(くめのみこ、生年不詳 - 推古天皇11年2月4日 (旧暦)(603年3月25日))は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Kumenomiko (year of birth unknown - March 25, 603) was an Imperial Family member during the Asuka period.
- この反乱は、後の草壁皇子・大津皇子の対立をベースとして応神天皇即位の正当性を示すために創作されたとする説もある。
- There is a view that this rebellion was created in order to legitimize the enthronement of the Emperor Ojin based upon the dispute between Prince Kusakabe and Prince Otsu.
- その結果、江戸時代の朝廷は五摂家の当主の合意のみでの運営が可能となり、天皇と言えどもそれに抗う事は困難となった。
- As a result, it became possible to administer the Imperial Court of the Edo period by the agreements of the Gosekke alone, so that it became difficult even for the Emperor to oppose the Imperial Court.
- 大宝律令以後において天皇の私的命令あるいは特定個人に対する命令である勅について原則的にはこの形式で出されていた。
- After Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), the emperor's private order or an order to a specific individual was used generally by this form.
- また直系継承の傾向に伴って妃となる資格を有した内親王は結果的に天皇の異母姉妹や叔母に限定されていくことになった。
- With the increase of succession by direct descent, the Imperial princess who was qualified to Hi was limited to Emperor's maternal half-sister and aunt.
- 内親王の結婚相手は律令の「継嗣令」では天皇もしくは四世以上の皇族に限るとされ、古代には非皇族との結婚はなかった。
- According to 'the Heir Decree' in the Ritsuryo codes, an Imperial Princess should marry an Emperor or a member of Imperial family who was within the fourth generations of an Emperor, and in ancient times there was no marriage between an Imperial Princess and non-imperial family.
- 日本では、敬意を示すものについてはっきりした言い方を持たない文化があり、当代の天皇の呼称もあまり発達しなかった。
- In Japanese culture, there is no specific name to indicate the persons to be treated with respect and thus the name for the present emperor has not been developed well.
- 『日本書紀』巻28、いわゆる「壬申紀」は、天武天皇元年(672年)の一年間を記し、そのほとんどを壬申の乱にあてる。
- Volume 28 of 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), which is called 'Jinsinki', recorded the First Year of Emperor Tenmu (672) and most of its sections were allotted to the Jinshin War.
- 'Nihonshoki' Vol. 28, what is called 'Jinshinki' is the record of the whole year of 672, the first year of the reign of Emperor Tenmu, and the most of the description is about the Jinshin War.
- 称徳天皇の崩御後の宝亀2年(771年)県犬養姉女らの罪は誣告であったとして、不破内親王は内親王に復して都へ帰った。
- After the Emperor Shotoku died in 771, the Imperial Princess Fuwa was given back her title imperial princess and returned to Kyoto since the government admitted that the accusation of AGATA no inukai no aneme and others was false.
- 『日本書紀』に拠ると、推古天皇が病没した後にその後継問題が発生し、蘇我氏の庶流境部摩理勢らは山背大兄王を擁立する。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', a successor issue appeared after the death of Emperor Suiko and SAKAIBE no Marise; SAKAIBE no Omimarise, a branch of the Soga clan, supported Prince Yamashiro no oe.
- 明治政府内では、1880年(明治13年)元老院 (日本)が天皇に上奏した日本国国憲按では「皇帝」と表記されていた。
- In Meiji Government, Nihonkoku Kokkenan (one of the drafts of Constitution) that was reported to the throne by Genroin (the Chamber of Elders) in 1880 adopted the 'Kotei' title.
- 中世武家法においては転じて、天皇・征夷大将軍の代理である訴訟機関に対して虚偽の陳述を行った者もこの罪で処せられた。
- In the Middle Ages it changed to the punishment for the similar crime by the bukeho (samurai law) to sentence the person who made a false statement to a legal institution which was an agent of the Emperor or Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians').
- 更に、後醍醐天皇は傍流にもかかわらず、自己の子孫による皇統独占に執着し、康仁親王の皇位への道をことごとく閉ざした。
- Moreover, in spite of the fact that Emperor Godaigo was of the branch line, he tried to occupy the Imperial line using his descendants, and shut the every door of the path to the throne by Imperial Prince Yasuhito.
- 形式だけ行われる1度目と2度目の上表を「初度」「第二度」、実際に天皇が勅答を決める3度めを「第三度」の表と称した。
- The first and second Johyo presented with formality were called 'Shodo' (first time) and 'Dainido' (second time); and the third one, the Emperor actually decided his answer, was called 'Daisando' (third time).
- 602年(推古天皇10年)征新羅将軍であった異母兄弟の来目皇子が没した後、翌年の603年4月に征新羅将軍となった。
- After the Prince Kume, a paternal half-brother, who was a general in charge of conquering Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) died in 602, he was assigned as the general in May, 603.
- そこで祺子が後添いとして天皇のもとに入内することとなり、文政8年(1825年)、15歳で入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- Then, Yasuko had to enter into the court as the second consort of the emperor at the age of 15 in 1825, and received senge (imperial proclamation) for Nyogo.
- 日本書紀持統天皇2年11月条に書かれている「古くは『日嗣』と呼ばれた」との注釈が付けられている「皇祖等之登極次第」
- Tokyoku Shidai of the Founders of the Imperial Family' noted as 'referred to as 'Hitsugi' in old days' in the article of November, 688 in Nihonshoki
- もとは天皇、三后のみに許されていた院号が、臣下にも普及するようになったのは、関白藤原兼家が法興院を称したことによる。
- Ingo, which was originally conferred on only the Emperor and three Empresses: the Empress, the Empress Dowager and the Grand Empress Dowager, began being conferred among subjects when the chief adviser to the Emperor, FUJIWARA no Kaneie called himself as Hokoin.
- しかし、天皇の子女の身位として親王や内親王が定着すると、特定の皇族子女の呼称としての皇子や皇女は使用されなくなった。
- Yet, Miko and Himemiko became no longer used as the naming of specific imperial children, once Shino and Naishino (imperial princess) became established as the appellation for the children of the emperors.
- However, Miko and Himemiko stopped to be used as the naming of the specific imperial children, upon the establishment of Shino (imperial prince) and Naishino as the statuses of the emperors' children.
- 39年5ヵ月後の平成7年(1995年)8月村山内閣改造内閣で初入閣し今上天皇たる明仁から文部大臣の認証を受けている。
- He became a Cabinet member for the first time 39 years and five months later in August 1995, being certified as the Minister of Education by the present Emperor Akihito.
- 壬申の乱の際に、美濃国に本営を設けた大海人皇子(天武天皇)に対し、大津の近江宮にあった朝廷は、数万の軍勢を派遣した。
- During the Jinshin war, the Imperial Court based in Omi no miya palace in Otsu sent tens of thousands of soldiers to Mino Province where the headquarters of the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) was located.
- その長男で閑院宮典仁親王第六王子・師仁親王は、皇子のいなかった後桃園天皇の第一皇女・欣子内親王を中宮に迎え即位した。
- Her oldest and the Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Sukehito's sixth son, the Imperial Prince Morohito, ascended the throne, taking the sonless Emperor Gomomozono's first Princess, the Imperial Princess Yoshiko as the empress.
- 後水尾天皇の3男・守澄法親王が日光山輪王寺門跡となった際に、烏丸光広の次男烏丸広賢は随従したまま京都に戻らなかった。
- When Cloistered Imperial Prince Shucho, the third son of Emperor Gomizunoo, became the chief priest of Nikko-zan Rin-noji Temple, Hirokata KARASUMARU, the second son of Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU, accompanied him and did not return to Kyoto.
- しかし、歴史上はっきりとした段階で活躍するのは宣化天皇の大夫であった阿倍大麻呂(火麻呂とする説もある)が初見である。
- However, ABE no Omaro (or Himaro) who was the daibu (master) for Emperor Senka was the first to be known in history.
- 舒明天皇8年(636年)に官人の勤務制度について大臣 (日本)の蘇我蝦夷に下記の意見をだしているが、無視されている。
- In 636, he provided the following idea about government officials working system to a minister SOGA no Iruka, but Iruka ignored it.
- 日本の皇族の幼少時に与えられる称号で、現在は天皇の子女及び皇太子の子女に対して与えられ、宮家の子女には与えられない。
- Goshogo is a title given to a member of the Imperial family in Japan when he or she is young, and presently it is given to Emperor's children and Crown Prince's children but not to children of Miyake (families allowed to have the status of Imperial family).
- 現在の皇太子である徳仁親王の長女・愛子内親王の御称号(及び名)は、皇太子夫妻の意向を汲んで天皇が選んだとされている。
- The Goshogo (and the name) of Imperial Princess Aiko, the oldest daughter of Imperial Prince Naruhito who is the present Crown Prince, is said to have been chosen by the Emperor by taking into consideration of the wish of the Crown Prince and Princess.
- 天平勝宝6年(754年)、唐僧鑑真が来日し皇后や天皇と共に会ったが、同時期に長く病気を患っていた母の宮子と死別する。
- In 754, a priest of Tang, Jianzhen, came to Japan and met the Empress and the Emperor and around the same time, the Emperor lost her mother Miyako who had suffered from the disease for a long time.
- 政府などの公的機関および主要メディアなどでは皇室典範に定められる敬称の陛下を入れて「天皇陛下」と呼称することが多い。
- Public institutions such as government and major media often call the emperor 'Tenno Heika' (his Imperial Majesty) with Heika which is the title of honor prescribed by the Imperial House Law.
- 10世紀には貴族層の中でも天皇と強い姻戚関係を結んだ藤原氏(藤原北家)が政治意思決定の中心を占める摂関政治が成立した。
- During the tenth century, the regency of the Fujiwara clan (Fijiwara-Hokke, the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan) who had a strong matrimonial relationship with the Emperor, was established in the central position of decision making.
- 明治後期から敗戦までは天皇制などと表現することは不敬な表現であり、国体(=くにがら、くにぶり/漢書成帝紀)とよばれた。
- From the end of the Meiji period until the end of the World War II to describe the system as Tennosei (Emperor System) was to commit blasphemy; the system was called kokutai made up of two kanji (fundamental character of the nation) in the Chinese way of reading and kunigara or kuniburi in the Japanese way of reading; the term was derived from the Records of Emperor Cheng of Han in Kanjo (Historical records of the Han Dynasty).
- 間人皇女(はしひとのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇4年2月25日 (旧暦)(665年3月16日))は飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Hashihito no Himemiko (year of birth unknown - March 16, 665) was an Imperial Family member during the Asuka period.
- 文に長けていたと伝えられているが、壬申の乱で敗れた弘文天皇の皇子であるため、朝廷内でも当初は評判が悪かったようである。
- Although he is said to have been literally talented, as he was a prince of the Emperor Kobun who lost the Jinshin war, he seemed to have a bad reputation in the beginning.
- 当初は1.とは無関係に存在していたが、宝暦9年(1759年)に時の桃園天皇の命により、1.の祭祀を引き継ぐ事になった。
- Initially, the Ano family was unrelated to (1), but was ordered to take over religious duties from (1) in 1759 by the order of the then Emperor Momozono.
- その後、雅成親王は承久の乱により兄・順徳天皇に連座して一時但馬国に流されたが、後に帰京し、再び六条殿に住まいしていた。
- Later, he was exiled to Tajima Province for awhile, implicated with his older brother Emperor Juntoku due to the Jokyu War, but he later returned to the capital and lived at Rokujoden again.
- 大正天皇の場合には、崩御後に誕生日および天長節を祝日とすることがなかったために、現在にいたるまで祝日とはなっていない。
- In the case of the Emperor Taisho, since his birthday or tencho setsu were not determined to be a national holiday after his death, the Emperor Taisho's birthday has not been a national holiday until now.
- 昭和天皇の誕生日は、平成元年(1989年、昭和64年)に祝日法の改正で「みどりの日」とされ、国民の祝日として残された。
- The birthday of the Emperor Showa became the 'Greenery Day' at the revision of the Act on National Holidays in 1898, when the Heisei period started, and was left to remain as a national holiday.
- 一部の出版物及び印刷物において、敬称を用いない三人称として「平成天皇」が用いられる事があるが、これには賛否両論がある。
- In some publications and printed matters, 'Heisei Tenno' (the Emperor Heisei) is used as the third person without using the title of honor and there are arguments for and against this.
- 推古天皇は頭脳明晰な人で、皇太子と大臣馬子の勢力のバランスをとり、豪族の反感を買わぬように、巧みに王権の存続を図った。
- Emperor Suiko was a bright person who balanced the influences of the Crown Prince and the minister Umako, so as not to provoke antipathy of Gozoku (local ruling families), and labored skillfully for the endurance of sovereignty.
- 同年5月9日、宮内省告示第9号により「昭憲皇太后」と追号され、翌年5月1日に、明治天皇とともに明治神宮の祭神とされた。
- On May 9 of the same year, by the Imperial Household Ministry notification no. 9, Shoken was given the posthumous title 'Empress Dowager Shoken,' and on May 1 of the following year, she was enshrined along with Emperor Meiji in the Meiji-jingu Shrine.
- 明治維新後の政治体制を、絶対王政とみなし「絶対主義天皇制」と規定したのは、主に唯物史観を取り入れた左派の歴史学者である。
- It was the left-wing historians with the materialist concept who called the political system after the Meiji Restoration as 'Absolute Tennosei' regarding it as absolute monarchism.
- 退下して平城京に帰った時期は明らかではないが、おそらく慶雲4年(707年)の6月15日に文武天皇が崩御した後と思われる。
- It is not known exactly when she retired from Saio and returned to Heijo-kyo, but it is believed to be after the demise of the Emperor Monmu on July 22, 707.
- 「天皇の活動の在り方は、時代とともに急激に変わるものではありませんが、時代とともに変わっていく部分もあることは事実です」
- Although activities of the Emperor should not change dramatically with the times in principle, it is undeniable that some of them may undergo a change with the times.'
- この背景には兄にあたる後光明天皇が急逝したために、万が一の皇統断絶の事態に備えて皇位継承の候補者を確保する目的もあった。
- Because of the sudden death of his older brother Emperor Gokomyo, it was necessary for the Imperial court to secure nominees for the heir to the Imperial throne in order to prevent the extinction of imperial line.
- 父は稚渟毛二派皇子(応神天皇の皇子)、母は河派仲彦王の女・弟日売真若比売(おとひめまわかひめ、百師木伊呂弁とも)である。
- The father of Prince Ohodo was Wakanuke no Futamata no Miko (a prince of the Emperor Ojin); and the mother of Prince Ohodo was Otohime Mawakahime (also known as Momoshiki no Irobe who was a daughter of Kawamata Nakatsuhiko).
- 欽明天皇の時代には秦大津父(おおつち)が伴造となり大蔵掾に任ぜられたといい、本宗家は朝廷の財務官僚として活動したらしい。
- In the reign of Emperor Kinmei, HATA no Otsuchi became Tomo no miyatsuko (the chief of various departments of the Yamato Court) and was appointed Okura no jo (a financial official), and the heads of family seem to have served as financial officials of the Yamato Court.
- 江戸時代において、当今の天皇との血統の遠近に拘らず、代々親王宣下を受けることで親王の身位を保持し続けた四つの宮家をいう。
- In the Edo period, the Seshu-Shinno-ke was the name for the four princely houses that retained the title of Imperial Prince for generations by order of the Emperor regardless of their genealogical distance from the reigning Emperor.
- 世襲親王家はしばしば当今の天皇の直系に男子が不在の際に皇位継承資格者を輩出し、万世一系とされる皇統の維持に寄与してきた。
- The Seshu-Shinno-ke often contributed to maintaining an unbroken Imperial lineage by providing a successor to the Imperial Throne when a male heir was not present in the direct line of the reigning Emperor.
- 持明院基家の娘持明院陳子(北白河院)は後高倉院の妃となり後堀河天皇を出産し、持明院は後高倉院・後堀河の仙洞御所となった。
- Chinshi JIMYOIN (Kitashirakawa-in), the daughter of Motoie JIMYOIN, married Gotakakura-in and bore Emperor Gohorikawa, and thereafter Jimyoin was used as the Sento Imperial Palace of Gotakakura-in and Gohorikawa.
- 万寿2年(1025年)に花山天皇の皇孫である延信王が源姓を賜り臣籍降下して、寛徳3年(1046年)に神祇伯に任ぜられた。
- In 1025, Nobuzane-o, the imperial grandson of Emperor Kazan, was granted the family name of Minamoto when he became a subject of the state, and in 1046 he was appointed to Jingi haku.
- 糠手姫皇女(ぬかでひめのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇3年(664年)6月)は古墳時代末期から飛鳥時代にかけての皇族。
- Nukadehime no himemiko (year of birth unknown - July, 664) was a member of the Imperial Family from the late Tumulus period to Asuka period.
- 尊王攘夷論は、天皇を中心とした政治体制を築き、対外的に独立を保とうという政治思想となり、幕末の政治状況を大きく揺るがせた。
- The Sonno-joi became a political thought to establish a system with the Emperor at its center and to keep independence from foreign powers and destabilized the political situation at the end of the Edo period on a grand scale.
- 日本においては、古代律令法の喪葬令や儀制令に天皇の服喪規定があるものの、3日間と短く、実際にはより長期の期間行われている。
- In Japan, there is a rule of mourning of the Emperor in the Act of Funeral and the Act of Ceremony and System in the ancient Ritsuryo law; however the period is only 3 days, but usually it is longer.
- このときに当り、改めて、御父昭和天皇の六十余年にわたる御在位の間、いかなるときも、国民と苦楽を共にされた御心を心とします。
- At this moment, I am reminded of the will of my father Emperor Showa who always shared joys and sorrows with Japanese people during little more than 60 year of his reign.
- この発言では、天皇の地位が憲法に記されたものであることを確認した一方、護憲とも解釈可能なため一部の右翼勢力から非難された。
- Letting people confirm that the Constitution of Japan gives a definition of the Emperor, the remark was criticized by a small group of right-wing organizations for its probability of being interpreted as protecting the Constitution.
- 平成11年(1999年)に即位10周年を迎え、政府主催で11月20日に天皇陛下御即位十年をお祝いする国民祭典が開催された。
- For celebrating the 10th anniversary of his enthronement, a national festival was held on November 20, 1999 under the auspices of the government.
- 「私自身としては、桓武天皇の生母が百済の武寧王の子孫であると続日本紀に記されていることに大韓民国とのゆかりを感じています」
- I personally realize the relationship with the Republic of Korea, because there is a description in Shoku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japan Continued) that the real mother of the Emperor Kanmu was a descendant of Muryeong-wang of Baekje.'
- 紀元前92年に崇神天皇に頼まれて、災害がつづく理由を占うと、三輪山の大物主神が神懸かりして、我を祀れば国は治まるといった。
- In 92 B.C., when she was asked by Emperor Sujin to read why disasters continued, Omononushi no kami of Mt. Miwa possessed her and spoken that if he were worshipped, the country would be at peace.
- 『山城国風土記』逸文では、賀茂県主の祖の賀茂建角身命は神武天皇の先導をした後、大和の葛城を通って山城国へ至ったとしている。
- A surviving fragment of 'Yamashirokoku-fudoki' (description of regional climate, culture, etc.) states that KAMO taketsunumi no mikoto, the ancestor of KAMO no agatanushi, passed through Katsuragi in Yamato on his way to Yamashiro Province after guiding the Emperor Jinmu.
- 実麗の妹、観行院(つねこ、観行院)は、仁孝天皇に典侍として仕え、14代将軍徳川家茂に降嫁した和宮親子内親王の生母となった。
- Kangyoin (Tsuneko, Kangyoin), the younger sister of Saneakira, worked as a maid of honor to the Emperor Ninko, and gave birth to Imperial Princess Chikako KAZUNOMIYA who was married to Iemochi TOKUGAWA, the fourteenth Shogun.
- 源氏は源の姓を持つ氏族であるが、嵯峨天皇が生まれた子らにその姓を与え、皇室と祖を同じくするという名誉の意味をこめて与えた。
- The Minamoto clan, which refers to a clan who carries Minamoto as surname, was given by the Emperor Saga to his children to honor their having originated from the Imperial Family.
- 幕末期の当主は三条西季知で、いわゆる七卿落ちの一人として維新に際して勲功があり、また明治天皇の和歌師範としても有名である。
- The family head at the end of the Edo period was Suetomo SANJONISHI, who had many achievements in the Meiji Restoration as one of the so-called exiles of the seven nobles, and who gained fame as a waka master of the Emperor Meiji.
- 時の帝(清寧天皇か?)は『手足の毛が八束毛になるまで遊べ』と勅し、円目王の子孫が、課役を免ぜられ、代々遊部となったという。
- The emperor at the time (Emperor Seinei?) ordered 'Play until the hair on the hands and feet become as long as eight times the size of your fists', and the descendants of Tsuburameo were spared of assignments and became Asobibe for generations.
- その当時の日本女性には珍しく鼻筋の通った顔立ちであり、夫君の明治天皇にからかい混じりに「天狗さん」と渾名されていたという。
- Empress Dowager Shoken had a sharp nose, which was rare for a Japanese female during her time, so her husband, Emperor Meiji, is said to have teasingly nicknamed her 'Mrs. Tengu.'
- しかし、桓武天皇以後、三種の神器を先帝から受け継ぐことを践祚、皇位についたことを天下に布告することを即位というようになった。
- Since the enthronement of the Emperor Kanmu, however, a separation between sokui and senso was created, with senso meaning the succession of Sanshu-no-jingi (Three Imperial Regalia) from the ex-emperor and sokui meaning the new emperor declaring to the people that he has acceded to the throne.
- 新政府設立後間もない時の明治の即位の礼では儀式に用いる物は先代孝明天皇の時に使用した物を使っていたが、高御座等が新調された。
- The Takamikura and other objects were newly made for the ceremonies although they used same ceremonial objects as predecessor Emperor Komei at the Sokui no rei of Meiji, which was held shortly after the establishment of new government.
- これは、天武天皇の皇子は舎人親王と新田部親王の両名しか存命していなかったため、重要な立場である事認識させるためだったという。
- This is because of making the public aware that there were only the Imperial Prince Toneri and the Imperial Niitabe as the princes of the Emperor Tenmu, therefore they were in the important position.
- 新田部親王(にいたべのしんのう、生年不詳 - 天平7年9月30日 (旧暦)(735年10月24日))は天武天皇の第10皇子。
- Imperial Prince Niitabe (year of birth unknown - October 24, 735) was the tenth son of the Emperor Tenmu.
- だが、既に皇位が天武天皇系に移されて久しく、王自身も皇族の長老ゆえに大納言の高位に列しているだけの凡庸な人物と見られていた。
- Since the Imperial Throne was transferred to Emperor Tenmu family for a long time, Okimi himself was considered an ordinary person who was a Dainagon (Major Counselor) as he was a patriarch of the imperial family.
- 「天皇の歴史というものを知ることによって、自分自身の中に皇族はどうあるべきかということが次第に形作られてくるのではないか。」
- I believe that I would gradually find the ideal image of the Imperial family by learning the history of the emperor.'
- 壬申の年(672年)6月に大海人皇子が挙兵すると、大友皇子(弘文天皇)は倭京(飛鳥の古い都)の留守司高坂王に軍を編成させた。
- When the Prince Oama waged war against the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) in June 672, the Prince Otomo ordered Takasaka no Okimi, the officer to guard the City of Yamato (the old capital in Asuka) while the master was away, to raise an army.
- もっとも、これにより公文書上「天皇」に統一されたわけではなく、その後も「日本国皇帝」と表記する公文書類が多数作成されていた。
- However, this did not lead to the integration of the title into 'Tenno' on official documents; still, many official documents with 'Nihonkoku Kotei' title were prepared.
- しかし、菅原氏一族からの猛烈な抗議により、九条政基・九条尚経父子は後土御門天皇の勅勘を蒙ることになり、唐橋家の危機は免れた。
- However, the Sugawara clan protested so strongly that Masamoto KUJO and Hisatsune KUJO were censured by the Emperor Gotsuchimikado, and the Karahashi family was able to overcome the crisis.
- 1915年(大正4年)、大正天皇御大典を機に信玄が従三位に叙せられた際、当時の当主武田信保に信玄に対する位記宣命が渡された。
- When Shingen was conferred Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1915 at the state ceremony for the Emperor Taisho, ikisenmyo (court rank diploma and imperial edict) for Shingen was given to Nobuyasu TAKEDA, the head of the clan at the time.
- 醍醐天皇の時代に三善清行が大学頭・文章博士を務めて参議まで至り、延喜3年(903年)頃にはカバネを宿禰から朝臣に改められた。
- In the era of the Emperor Daigo, Kiyoyuki (or Kiyotsura) MIYOSHI was appointed Daigaku no kami (Director of the Bureau of Education) and Monjo hakase (professor of literature), rising to the position of Sangi (councilor), and the kabane (official status title) of the clan was changed from Sukune to Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) around 903.
- また文政8年(1825年)には、早世した姉に代わり、同母妹の祺子が後添いとして仁孝天皇のもとに入内し、女御宣下を受けている。
- In 1825, her younger sister Yasuko entered into the court as the second consort of the Emperor Ninko after Tsunako's premature death, and became nyogo with the imperial proclamation.
- 通常は皇族男子が婚姻し独立する際に天皇から賜るが、三笠宮家の次男である宜仁親王は独身のまま宮家を創設し、桂宮の称号を賜った。
- Normally it is given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family gets married and becomes independent, but Imperial Prince Yoshihito, the second son of the Mikasanomiya family established a Miyake unmarried and was given the title of Katsuranomiya.
- 天皇の高御座着座ののち、執翳女嬬が左右おのおの9人が御前に進んで翳を奉じると、褰帳命婦が東西の階を昇り、高御座の帳を褰げる。
- After Emperor was seated in Takamikura throne, nine of Hatori nyoju (noblewomen) on the right and left sides respectively shielded him from view with Sashiha (long-handled, Chinese style fans) and Kencho-no-myobu went up the stairs on the east and west sides, and then raised Tobari (curtain) of Takamikura.
- 3世紀中期に見られる前方後円墳の登場は統一政権の成立を示唆しており、このときに成立した大王家が天皇家の祖先だと考えられている。
- The appearance of the large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds from the mid third century, indicates the establishment of a unified authority and the family of the Great King at that time are thought to be the ancestors of the Imperial Family.
- 図柄は女帝(後桜町天皇など)は桐鳳凰で(旧儀御服記)、皇后も使用例がある(東福門院所用品―霊鑑寺蔵・英照皇太后所用品―御物)。
- A design for female emperors (such as Emperor Gosakuramachi) was paulownia and phoenix (旧儀御服記), which was also used for some empresses (belongings of Tofukumonin in the collection of the Reikan-ji Temple and belongings of Empress Dowager Eisho in Imperial treasures).
- 嵯峨天皇に皇子皇女が増え、朝廷の財政を逼迫させる基にもなることから、早くに臣籍降下することが皇胤にとって子孫繁栄の道であった。
- Since the increase in the number of the Emperor Saga's princes and princesses might have caused the Imperial court's fiscal tightness, it was a better way for the Emperor's bloodlines to allow these princes and princesses to become his subject earlier in order to ensure the prosperity of his descendants.
- 京都では内裏で天皇の警護(近衛部隊の前身のようなもの)に就く滝口武者を世襲し、他にも衛門府、兵衛府など中央の官職を有していた。
- In Kyoto, in addition to serving by succession as Takiguchi no musha (samurai guards of the Imperial Residence and the forerunner of the Konoe troops), the members of the Watanabe clan held some central governmental posts including Emonfu (Headquarters of the Outer Palace Guards) and Hyoefu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards).
- 勅旨牧(ちょくしまき)は、古代日本において、天皇の 勅旨により開発された牧場であり、馬寮などが用いる軍馬などの供給源とされた。
- In ancient Japan, Chokushimaki was a ranch developed by the emperor's Chokushi and was used to supply war horses for the Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses).
- この時、若者に冠をかぶせるのが「冠親」と呼ばれる後見人であり、近世において天皇の冠親は五摂家のうちどこかの当主が担当していた。
- A person who put a cap on a young man's head at this ceremony was his guardian called 'kanmuri-oya' (literally, 'cap parent'), and during the early-modern times, an emperor's kanmuri-oya was selected from the heads of Gosekke (five top Fujiwara families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho [regency] and Kanpaku [chancellor]).
- 「天皇制」という用語は「君主制」を意味するドイツ語のMonarchieの和訳とされ、本来はマルクス主義者が使用した造語であった。
- The word 'Tennosei' was a translated term of the German word 'Monarchie' which means 'monarchy' in English and was originally a new word Marxists coined.
- 高坂王(たかさかのおおきみ、たかさかおう、生年不詳 - 天武天皇12年 (683年) 6月6日)は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Takasaka no Okimi (year of birth unknown - June 6, 683) lived in the Asuka period in Japan.
- 石川王(いしかわのおおきみ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇8年3月9日 (旧暦)(679年4月24日))は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Ishikawa no Okimi (year of birth unknown - April 24, 679), lived in the Asuka period in Japan.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)、嫡流は北朝に仕えたが、支流の花山院師信とその子花山院師賢は後醍醐天皇の側近で、その子孫は吉野朝廷に仕えた。
- In the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the direct descendants of the family served the Northern Court, but Moronobu KAZANIN and his son, Morokata KAZANIN, who belonged to a branch family, were close aides of Emperor Godaigo, and their descendents served the Yoshino Court.
- 清和源氏の祖とされる源経基は陽成天皇の孫とする説があり、この説に賛意を示す学者もいるが、広く学界の承認するまでには至っていない。
- There is an explanation that MINAMOTO no Tsunemoto, origin of Seiwa-Genji, was a grandchild of the Emperor Yozei, which accepted by some researchers, although it is not widely approved by academy.
- 園 光子(その みつこ、慶長7年(1602年)-明暦2年2月11日 (旧暦)(1656年3月6日))は、後水尾天皇の後宮の一人。
- Mitsuiko SONO (1602 - March 6, 1656) was one of the consorts of the Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 宝永7年(1710年)、従弟(父東山天皇の同母妹福子内親王の子)にあたる貞建親王と婚約し、享保4年(1719年)、20歳で入輿。
- In 1710, she became engaged to her cousin, the Imperial Prince Sadatake (a son of the Imperial Princess Yoshiko who was a younger sister of her father, the Emperor Higashiyama) and married him in 1719 when she was 20 years old.
- なお、景行天皇55年(125年)に東山道15カ国の都督となるも、任地に行く途中で死んだ、彦狭島王との関係は不明(おそらく別人)。
- Furthermore, relations is unknown between Hikosashimao who, despite becoming the Totoku governor general of 15 provinces of Tosan-do Road in the year 125, and died while on the way to his post.
- こうして一品親王の重要性は急速に失われていき、天皇・あるいは外戚の庇護を受けた親王・内親王への待遇付与へと変質することになった。
- In this way, the importance of Ippon Shinno rapidly disappeared, and transformed to the treatment allowance to the imperial princes and princesses who were patronized by the emperor or maternal relatives.
- 近世の横目扇は天皇・親王・公家の子息のほか、小舎人など童形の召具(従者)も使用した(近世の賀茂祭勅使の装束資料などからしられる)。
- In the early-modern times, cross-grained fans were used by sons of emperors, Imperial princes, and court nobles, as well as by pageboys (young male servants) such as Kodoneri (Juvenile people who served Court nobles and samurai families) (according to the documents on costume of Kamo Festival in these days).
- またそうした辛いときに両親である天皇皇后と別々に暮らさざるを得なかった体験が、後に子供たちを手元で育てることを決意させたともいう。
- Such painful experience that he had been obliged to live separately from his parents led him to make a resolution to keep his children at hand, it is believed.
- 山部王(やまべのおおきみ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇元年7月2日 (旧暦)?(672年7月31日?))は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Yamabe no Okimi (year of birth unknown - c. July 31, 672) was a person lived in the Asuka period.
- 通有の子、内大臣六条有房(1251年-1319年)は後宇多天皇の近臣となり、その子の中納言六条有忠も大覚寺統の公家として活動した。
- Naidaijin (minister of the center) Arifusa ROKUJO (1251-1319), a son of Michiari, became a vassal of Emperor Gouda, and his son, Chunagon (associate chief of the councilor of state) Aritada ROKUJO also served well as a member of the family of Daikakuji-to (imperial lineage starting with Emperor Kameyama).
- 父景行天皇は、それらの皇子たちをそれぞれの国や郡に封じたが、彼と成務・日本武尊の3人だけは封じなかったと、日本書紀に書かれている。
- It is described in Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) that his father, Emperor Keiko, confined his princes to each of their provinces and counties, except for the three princes, Iokiiribiko no miko, Seimu, and YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto.
- しかし、延宝5年(1677年)7月5日、国子が危篤状態になるに及んで霊元天皇は急遽准三宮に叙し、また院号を与えて新広義門院とした。
- However, when Kuniko's condition became critical on August 3 1677, the Emperor Reigen conferred her the rank of Jusangu (an honarary rank next to the empresses) and the Ingo of Shinkogimonin.
- 上表(じょうひょう)とは、東宮以下の皇親・百官より庶民に至るまでが天皇に対して文書(表)を奉ること、またその文書(表)自体を指す。
- Johyo (memorial to the emperor) was an act of handing Monjo (written material) (or Hyo [letters]) or the Monjo itself to the Emperor from any Koshin (Emperor's family) including Togu (crown prince), all the officials or general public.
- それ以降子に恵まれなかったため、天保6年(1835年)、典侍正親町雅子所生の第四皇子熙宮(統仁親王、のちの孝明天皇)を養子とした。
- After that, Yasuko was not blessed with a newborn and so, in 1835, she adopted the fourth Prince Hironomiya (the Imperial Prince Osahito, later the Emperor Komei), who was the birth child of Naishi no suke (a court lady of the first rank) Naoko OGIMACHI.
- しかし、天皇は立憲君主としての立場を自覚していたため、上御一人(最高権力者)であってもこの2例を除いて政治決定を下すことはなかった。
- However, the Emperor was aware of his position as constitutional monarch; therefore, he had not made political decisions apart from these two incidents although he was Kamigoichinin (person in paramount authority).
- 同母弟に竹田皇子・尾張皇子(聖徳太子の妃橘大郎女の父)、同母妹に小墾田皇女(押坂彦人大兄皇子妃)・田眼皇女(後の舒明天皇妃)がいる。
- Her younger brothers-uterine were Takeda no miko (the Prince Takeda), and Owari no miko (the Prince Owari, the father of TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume, a wife of the Prince Shotoku), and her younger sisters-uterine were Oharida no himemiko, the Princess Oharida (a wife of OSHISAKA no Hikohito no Oenomiko) and Tame no himemiko (the Princess Tame, who became a wife of the Emperor Jomei later).
- 菟道稚郎子皇子(『日本書紀』)・宇遅能和紀郎子(『古事記』)・宇治若郎子(『山城国風土記』逸文)・宇治天皇(『播磨国風土記』)とも。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko (菟道稚郎子) also known as; Imperial Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(菟道稚郎子皇子), in the 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]]; Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(宇遅能和紀郎子), in the 'Kojiki' [The Records of Ancient Matters]]; Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(宇治若郎子), in the 'Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Yamashiro Province)]; and the Emperor Uji [(宇治天皇), in the 'Harimanokuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Harima Province)].
- 実際には古来から兄弟間での天皇位の相続は一般的であり、それについて弓削皇子が葛野王に問いかけようとした矢先、葛野王は弓削皇子を一喝。
- Actually, the succession of the imperial throne between brothers was common from ancient time, and when Yuge no miko was going to ask Kado no okimi about this, Kado no okimi scolded loudly Yuge no miko.
- 一説には皇統譜でも天皇とされているというが未確認(また別の一説には、前述の生涯1度だけの性交渉ゆえに歴代から外されたのだともいう)。
- In one theory she was regarded as Emperor in Kotofu (the genealogy of the Imperial Family), but it is not confirmed (and in another theory, she was deleted from the history because she had only one intercourse in her life as mentioned above.
- 山城国葛野を本拠とし代々賀茂神社に奉斎した賀茂県主(かものあがたぬし)は、八咫烏に化身して神武天皇を導いた賀茂建角身命を始祖とする。
- KAMO no agatanushi, the territorial rulers of Kamo, who were based in Kadono in Yamashiro Province and dedicated themselves to Kamo-jinja Shrine for generations are reputed to be descended from KAMO taketsunumi no mikoto (a Japanese mythological god) who transformed into Yatagarasu (a mythological giant crow) and guided the Emperor Jinmu.
- その後も桓武天皇朝において、武智麻呂の長男豊成の子藤原継縄と、三男藤原乙麻呂の子藤原是公が続いて右大臣となり、南家は勢力を維持した。
- Thereafter, in the era of Emperor Kammu, FUJIWARA no Tsugutada, the son of Toyonari (Muchimaro's eldest son), and FUJIWARA no Korekimi, the son of FUJIWARA no Otomaro (Muchimaro's third son) successively became the minister of the right, whereby the power of the Southern House was maintained.
- 南北朝時代(日本)になると、信清の子孫の坊門信行が北朝において公卿に列し、隆清の子孫の坊門清忠は後醍醐天皇の側近となり公卿に列した。
- Once the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) began, however, Nobuyuki BOMON, Nobukiyo's descendant, was ranked among the nobility at the Northern Court, while Takakiyo's descendant, Kiyotada BOMON, became a trusted retainer to the Emperor Godaigo and was ranked among the nobility of the Southern Court.
- このとき正親町天皇は前例のない申請に対して躊躇したが、新田氏系得川氏が「藤原氏」を称した前例が公家の奔走により見つかり、許可された。
- At the time, Emperor Ogimachi hesitated over this unprecedented petition however, permission was granted based on the efforts of nobles working behind-the-scenes who found that the Nitta branch of the Egawa clan was purported to be part of the dynastic Fujiwara clan (which had close ties to the court).
- なお「光孝天皇の皇子・是忠親王の子孫が「平朝臣」を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族」を光孝平氏と定義している文献もある。
- It should be noted that some documents define the Koko-Heishi as 'the clan originating with the descendants of Imperial Prince Koretada, a son of Emperor Koko, who were given the surname of 'Taira no Ason' upon being demoted from the Imperial family.'
- なお「仁明天皇の皇子・本康親王の子孫が「平朝臣」を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族」を仁明平氏と定義している文献もある。
- It should be noted that some documents define the Ninmyo-Heishi as 'the clan originating with the descendants of Imperial Prince Motoyasu, a son of Emperor Ninmyo, who were given the surname of 'Taira no Ason' upon being demoted from the Imperial family.'
- なお、花山天皇の子孫の源氏である花山源氏(かざんげんじ)に該当するのは、この白川伯王家のみであるため、両者は事実上同一のものである。
- Incidentally, it was only this Shirakawa-hakuo family that fell under Kazan Genji (the Minamoto clan of Emperor Kazan's descendants), so the Shirakawa-hakuo family and Kazan Genji were practically the same.
- 江戸幕府のもとでも天皇の権威は温存されたが、紫衣事件などにみられるように、年号の勅定などを僅かな例外として政治権力はほとんどなかった。
- The authority of the Emperor was preserved under the Edo Bakufu (from 1603); but as seen in the Shie Incident Emperors had almost no political power except few occasions such as deciding the name of an era; (Shie Incident refers to the incident in which Emperor Gomizuno gave purple robes, symbolizing the highest order of priesthood, to Daitoku-ji Temple and Myoshin-ji Temple in 1627 without the approval of Bakufu and caused Bakufu to take back the purple robes to deny the authority of Emperor Gomizuno.)
- 天武天皇10年(681年)3月17日に川島皇子、三野王、忌部子人、中臣大島らと共に「帝紀および上古の諸事」の記録認定事業を命ぜられる。
- On April 13, 681, the Prince Osakabe, together with the Prince Kawashima, Minu no Okimi, INBE no Kobito and NAKATOMI no Oshima were assigned for the task of recording and authorizing the 'Teiki oyobi Joko no Shoji' (the genealogy of the Imperial family and matters of the high antiquity).
- なお、堂上家と同様旧家・新家の区分があったが、桜町天皇(在位1735年 - 1747年)の時代にみだりに新家を立てることが停止された。
- Other than the division into Toshoke and Jigeke, there were other divisions of families into Kyuka (families with a long family genealogy) and Shinke (families established during the Edo period); however, during the reign of Emperor Sakuramachi (1735-1747), it was forbidden to establish a new family without permission.
- 源氏と同じく、皇子皇女の処遇として賜姓が行われたが、天皇の孫以降の代に賜姓を受けた例が多いと言われ、そのため源氏よりも格は下とされる。
- While the family names of Minamoto and Taira were both conferred on princes and princesses, many of those who received the title of Taira were said to have been the emperor's grandchildren or more distant relatives; therefore, the Taira clan was considered to hold a lower rank than the Minamoto clan.
- 同母兄に成務天皇などがいるほか同母弟が5人、同母妹が5人、異母兄弟に日本武尊など68人いるとされる(うち名が伝わっているのは46人)。
- Other than Emperor Seimu as his older maternal half-brother, he had five younger maternal half-brothers, five younger maternal half-sisters, and 68 paternal half-brothers (of these, only 46 had their names handed down) such as YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto.
- 帝紀とは上記の特定の書物だけを指すとする説の他に、特定の書物だけを指すのではなく天皇家の系譜の伝承を記した書物全般を帝紀と呼ぶとする説
- Besides a theory that says the Teiki indicated only a specific book of Ancient Japanese Literature, there is a theory that says the Teiki indicated not only a specific book but also the whole books which record the tradition of the genealogy of the Imperial Family
- だが、蝦夷から山背大兄王に対して自重を求める意見をされたこともあって皇位は田村皇子が継承することとなり、629年に即位(舒明天皇)する。
- However, since Emishi called for prudence by Prince Yamashiro no oe, Prince Tamura (Emperor Jomei) inherited the throne.
- 後嵯峨天皇の腹心であった経任在世中は、従兄弟である経継系よりも羽振りが良かったものの政敵も多く南北朝時代_(日本)初期頃に断絶している。
- While Tsunetada who was a confidant of the Emperor Gosaga was alive, the family was more prosperous than the Tsunetsugu lineage of his cousin, but he also had a number of political opponents, and this led to the family being discontinued around the beginning of the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 1904年(明治37年)の日露戦争のときには、皇太子(後の大正天皇)が連合艦隊司令長官の東郷平八郎に名刀・一文字吉房を下賜して激励した。
- In the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, the Crown Prince (later the Emperor Taisho) granted a noted sword, Ichimonji-yoshifusa to the navarch of combined fleet Heihachiro TOGO to encourage him.
- また、何故か、葛城地方の土神の剣根命も合祀されており、名が似ている円目王と葛城円大臣との関係も、雄略天皇に関係しているだけに、興味深い。
- In addition, Tsurugine no mikoto, a dojin (God that preside over soil) of Kazuraki region is also enshrined together for some reason, and because Emperor Yuraku is involved, the relationship between Tsuburameo and Katsuragi no tsubura no oomi who had similar names, is interesting.
- 皇別(こうべつ)もしくは王孫(おうそん)とは、王家や帝家、とりわけ日本の天皇家の一門の中で臣籍降下した分流・庶流の氏族を指す言葉である。
- Kobetsu or oson is a term that refers to shizoku (clan, family), a branch family of a royal family or imperial family, especially a family which has seceded from Japanese Imperial Family.
- 壱志姫王の名は『日本書紀』『続日本紀』などの基本史料に確認出来ず、遥か時代を下った『本朝皇胤紹運録』に弘文天皇の女として見えるだけである。
- The name Ichishihime no Okimi is not found in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) or 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued), which were thought to be the basic historical documents, but only appears as the princess of the Emperor Kobun in 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree) which was edited after a long period of time.
- 明治天皇の即位の礼が行われた当時は、天保暦が用いられており現在のグレゴリオ暦とは日付が異なるため、天保暦(グレゴリオ暦)の順番で記載する。
- Because dates in Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar), which was used when Emperor Meiji's Sokui no rei was held, differ from the Gregorian calendar, which is used today, dates are describes in order of Tenpo reki and (Gregorian calendar).
- 「古老曰へらく、昔、巻向珠城宮(まきむきのたまきのみや)に御宇(あめのしたしろしめしし)天皇の二十七年戌午年の秋、飢えて人民多く亡せき。」
- Old man said that formerly in autumn in the year of the horse of Emperor Gyou (Ame no shita shiroshimeshishi) twenty-seven year in Makimuki no tamaki no miya, many people died from hunger.'
- 穴穂部間人皇女(あなほべのはしひとのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 推古天皇29年12月21日 (旧暦)(622年2月6日))は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Anahobe no hashihito no himemiko (year of birth unknown - February 6, 622) was a one of the Imperial Family members during the Asuka period.
- 明治時代に、ほとんどの公家は天皇に従って東京に移ったため、現在の京都御苑内にあった殆んどの公家住宅が空家となり治安維持のため取り壊された。
- Since most of the court nobility moved to Tokyo after the Emperor in the Meiji Period, their residences in what is now Kyoto Gyoen became vacant and were demolished to maintain security.
- さらに、慶応4年/明治元年(1867年)には、東征大総督に任じられた有栖川宮熾仁親王が東征に際して明治天皇から錦の御旗と節刀を授けられた。
- In 1867, the Emperor Meiji granted the Impeiral standard (made of gold brocade) and Setto to Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito who was appointed to Tosei-daisotoku (great general) for a military expedition to the east.
- 倭彦命(やまとひこ の みこと、生年不詳 - 垂仁天皇28年10月5日 (旧暦)(紀元前2年11月1日?))は、記紀伝承上の皇族(王族)。
- Yamato hiko no Mikoto (year of birth unknown - October 30, 2 B.C.?) was a member of the Imperial family transmitted by 'Kojiki' (Records of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- なおかつ母親の出自(いわゆる「后腹」でなければ叙位される可能性は低かった)や天皇との親疎、藤原氏などの権力者との親疎も加味されて叙された。
- In addition, the status of the mother (the possibility to be conferred was low, unless being so-called 'kisakibara' [a child by an empress]) and the degree of intimacy with the emperor and influentials such as the Fujiwara clan were considered.
- 石山本願寺の坊官である下間頼康は、本願寺の門主を天皇、代々本願寺の坊官を世襲してきた下間氏を征夷大将軍とする「下間幕府構想」を公言している。
- Yoriyasu SHIMOMA, a boukan (a priest who served for the Monzeki families) of Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple, publically talked about 'The concept of Shimoma bakufu' in which the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple was to be the Emperor and the Shimotsuma clan, who hereditary succeeded the boukan of Hongan-ji Temple, was to be the Seitaishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians).
- 現代においても、一般的な用語としては用いられないが、皇居において天皇の子女の部屋を皇子室というように、皇子の呼称が使用される例も散見される。
- Although Miko is not used as a general term at present, there are some cases to use the naming of Miko here and there, such as the Miko room to refer to the room for the children of the emperor at the Imperial Palace.
- 即位の礼にあたり、式典の警備・要人警護には昭和天皇の大喪の礼での3万2000人を大きく上回る3万7000人の皇宮護衛官、警察官が動員された。
- At the Sokui no rei, 37,000 Imperial guards and police officers, were mobilized to guard the ceremonies and protect VIPs, more than at the time of Imperial funeral ceremony of Emperor Showa where 32,000 were mobilized.
- 皇室行事の中でも最も重要な儀式の一つであるが、後柏原天皇の時は皇室財政が逼迫しており、1500年に即位したにもかかわらず儀式を行えなかった。
- Although it is one of the most important ceremonies among the Imperial-Family events, the ceremony of Emperor Gokashiwabara, who acceded to the throne in 1500, could not be held his due to the Imperial financial condition.
- 後嵯峨天皇の第二皇子宗尊親王が第6代鎌倉将軍一覧を退いた後、その一男で7代将軍に就任した惟康親王に対し、源姓が賜与されて「源惟康」となった。
- After the Imperial Prince Munetaka, the second son of the Emperor Gosaga, retired from the list of the sixth Kamakura Shogun, Imperial Prince Koreyasu, the eldest son of the Imperial Prince Munetaka, became the seventh Shogun and was given the surname of Minamoto, to call himself MINAMOTO no Koreyasu.
- また、婚約の勅許を下した仁孝天皇は、「水戸は先代以来、政教能く行われ、世々勤王の志厚しとかや、宮の為には良縁なるべし」と満足したといわれる。
- When the Emperor Ninko gave permission for the marriage, he was satisfied with it, saying as following: 'Because the Mito Domain have been dedicated to both religions and politics since the period of their predecessors, and have been highly loyal to the emperors for generations, this marriage should be good for the Princess.
- ただし、後鳥羽天皇のように三種の神器を持たなくても即位した例があるので、必ずしもこれらが皇位継承の絶対条件ではないことに注意する必要がある。
- However, we should bear in mind that having the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family is not always the crucial condition of the succession to the Imperial throne, as there was a case that Emperor Gotoba even without the three treasures succeeded to the throne.
- 一方内親王の場合は、叙位自体が珍しくなり、9世紀に生前に一品に叙されたのは、藤原良房を祖父に持つ清和天皇の同母姉妹の儀子内親王のみであった。
- On the other hand, the conferment to imperial princesses became rare, and only the Princess Gishi, sister-uterine of the Emperor Seiwa who was a grandchild of FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, was conferred Ippon during her lifetime in the ninth century.
- 皇位簒奪(こういさんだつ)とは、直接血縁にない者、あるいは血縁がより遠い者が天皇の地位(皇位)を奪取すること、ないしそれを批判的に表現した語。
- The usurpation of the imperial throne is either when those who do not have direct blood relationship or have remote blood relationship seize the Emperor's position or when this is expressed in a critical manner.
- 近代は天皇は年齢にかかわらず長飾りつきの菊の置紋、皇族は菊のみ、即位での臣下のうち、奏任官・高等官以上は五七桐、伊勢神宮では飛鶴が用いられた。
- After the Meiji period, emperors used fans with heraldry of the Chrysanthemum with Nagakazari regardless of their ages; the Imperial family used the Chrysanthemum only; among retainers by enthronement, those of the offices originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister and senior officials or higher used the crest of goshichi no kiri (literally, five seven paulownia); and at the Ise-jingu Shrine, the crest of flying cranes was used.
- またこの近くには親王を祀る社である八嶋神社があり、さらに北に数キロ離れた奈良町にある崇道天皇社、御霊神社などでも親王は祭神として祀られている。
- Moreover, Yashima shrine, which enshrines Imperial Prince Sawara, is near there, and he is also enshrined as a deity in Emperor Sudo Shrine and Goryo Shrine in Nara town, several kilometers north of Yashima town.
- 常盤会(学習院女子部の同窓会)会長松平信子ら旧華族の女性たちの反発も強く、信子に対しては昭和天皇自ら了承を求めてようやく決着したとも言われる。
- Women of the former peerage, including Nobuko MATSUDAIRA, a chairman of the Tokiwa-kai Association (alumni association of The Gakushuin School Corporation Women's division), also opposed so strongly that the Emperor Showa personally got Nobuko's consent to solve the issue over the Crown Prince's marriage, it is reported.
- つまり系譜上での「履中天皇皇女説」と「市辺押磐皇子王女説」はどちらも正しく、履中皇女と履中皇孫は別人で、両者は叔母と姪の関係であったという説。
- That is, the theory says, genealogically, both 'the theory of Emperor Richu's Princess' and 'the theory of Prince Ichinobe no Oshihano's Princess' are right and Richu Princess was different person from Richu Imperial descendant and both were in the relation of aunt and niece.
- 華族制度は成立当初、一君万民の概念に背き、天皇と臣民の間を隔てる存在であり、華族は無為徒食の徒であるとして華族制度の存在に反対するものもいた。
- When the kazoku system was established, some persons opposed the existence of such a system saying that the system was contrary to the concept of 'One emperor and all of the other people are commoners' and that kazoku were useless people eating without doing anything.
- 軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)の代理粟田細目や蘇我蝦夷の代理大伴長徳らより先に誄を述べられていることから、当時の大派皇子の地位が高かったことが分かる。
- Since Takuta gave the shinobigoto before AWATA no Hosome, substitute for Prince Karu and OTOMO no Nagatoko, substitute for SOGA no Iruka, Prince Oha's status was high.
- 節刀(せっとう、せちとう)は、日本の古代(奈良時代から平安時代)において、天皇が出征する将軍または遣唐使の大使に持たせた、任命の印としての刀。
- Setto (or Sechito) refers to the sword which was granted by the Emperor to Shogun who was going to the front or Japanese mission to Tang Dynasty China as the sign of commission in ancient times of Japan (from the Nara period to the Heian period).
- 市辺押磐皇子(いちのへのおしはのみこ、? - 安康天皇3年(456年)10月 (旧暦))は、記紀・『風土記』に伝えられる5世紀頃の皇族(王族)。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha (Ichinobe no Oshiha no Miko; his birth date is unknown and his death date was in 456) appeared in the Kiki ('Kojiki' [A Record of Ancient Matte]) and 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]) and Fudoki (description of regional climate, culture, etc.) as an Imperial family (royal family) in fifth century Japan.
- ただし、天皇制という語の由来からこれを忌避して皇室という表現もよく用いられ、中にはあえて国体と戦前によく使われた表現を用いる人も根強く存在する。
- However, because of the origin of the word Tennosei, many people avoid the word and the expression Koshitsu (Imperial family) is quite often used; also there exist people who are still adamantly using the word kokutai (fundamental character of the nation).
- 『日本書紀』によると、仲哀天皇は白鳥となって天に昇った父・日本武尊をしのんで、陵を囲む池に白鳥を飼おうと考えて、諸国に白鳥を献上するよう命じた。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', Emperor Chuai intended to keep swans in the pond that surrounded the mausoleum in memory of his father, YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto, and ordered countries to present swans.
- 皇子・皇女を生んだ女御、更衣を指すという説もあるが、一般的には天皇に寵愛を受けた女御、更衣など女官を除いた後宮の女性を指す呼称として用いられた。
- In one theory, it means nyogo or koi who was a mother of Prince and Princess, but it is generally accepted that it was the name of ladies at the inner palace who were loved by the Emperor, such as nyogo and koi except for serving ladies.
- 昇殿とは天皇の日常生活の場である清涼殿南廂にある殿上へ昇ることで、平安時代は家格・官位に関係なく、廷臣ごとに勅許を得ることでこれを許されていた。
- Entering the Courtiers' Hall in the Imperial Palace' means entering the Courtiers' Hall called Tenjo No Ma in the emperor's private living quarters, i.e., in the south side of the emperor's residence Seiryoden; and during the Heian period, court officials were authorized by imperial sanction to enter the Hall without regard for their family rank and court rank.
- その他、合戦では目覚しい働きを示していたが、驕慢な振る舞いが限度を超えて、康永元年(1342年)光厳天皇への狼藉事件を起こして処刑されてしまう。
- Although Yorito distinguished himself in battles, his excessive arrogance made himself cause a violence against Emperor Kogon in 1342, so he was executed.
- 元和 (日本)6年(1620年)2代将軍徳川秀忠の娘の徳川和子が、後水尾天皇の女御に迎えられたときの化粧料1万石の一部をあてて3家の公家が誕生。
- In 1620, three families became designated as court nobles using a part of the ten thousand-goku dowry that the daughter of the second shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA Masako TOKUGAWA brought with her when she became the nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court - a consort of an emperor) of Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 『日本書紀』『藤氏家伝』などの同時代史料には全く記載が無く、『本朝皇胤紹運録』に弘文天皇(大友皇子)の妃となり壱志姫王を産んだと伝えられている。
- There is no description about her in those historical materials of the same period such as 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and 'Toshi Kaden' (Biographies of the Fujiwara clan), and the 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) reports that she married the Emperor Kobun (the Prince Otomo) and gave birth to Ichishihime no Okimi.
- 現代日本では転じて天皇以外の男性皇族の配偶者に対して用いられている(例皇太子妃・親王妃)が、本項目では本来の意味である后妃身分について解説する。
- In modern age, Hi is used for all spouses for male imperial family except Emperor (like Kotaishi hi [crown princess] and shinno hi [imperial princess]), but this section explains an original usage of empress's title.
- 吉備姫王(きびひめのおおきみ・きびひめのみこ、生年不詳 - 皇極天皇2年9月11日 (旧暦)(643年10月28日)) は、日本の皇族(王族)。
- Kibitsuhime Okimi (year of birth unknown - October 31, 643) was in the Imperial (royal) family in Japan.
- 日本において皇后の称号が使用されたのは、鎌倉時代後期、後宇多天皇の皇女奨子内親王が1319年に皇后に冊立されて以来、約500年ぶりのことである。
- It was the first time in about 500 years that the title of empress was used in Japan since 1319 when the Imperial Princess Soshi, the Emperor Gouda's princess, became an empress by the imperial investiture in the late Kamakura period.
- 奈良時代に生前に叙せられた他の3人(舎人親王・新田部親王・託基皇女)は全て天武天皇の子であり、舎人親王・新田部親王は朝廷内の要職を歴任している。
- The other three who were conferred Ippon during their lifetime in the Nara period (the Imperial Prince Toneri, the Imperial Prince Niitabe and Taki no Himemiko) were all children of the Emperor Tenmu, and the Imperial Prince Toneri and the Imperial Prince Niitabe served successively at the important posts in the Imperial Court.
- 「軍の統帥権は天皇にあるのだから政府の方針に従う必要は無い」と憲法を拡大解釈して軍が大きな力を持つこととなった(権力の二重構造、統帥権干犯問題)。
- Stretching interpretation of the constitution the military insisted that 'they do not have to follow the government policies because the Supreme Command lies on the Emperor' and the military gained power (Dual System of Power and the Problem of the infringement of Independence of the Supreme Command)
- 『日本書紀』によると、雄略天皇は采女の童女君がたった一夜で身ごもったために、生まれた春日大娘皇女が自分の娘であるかどうかを疑い、養育されなかった。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki,' because Ominagi as a uneme (a court lady) had became pregnant with the Emperor Yuryaku after spending only one night; then the Emperor Yuryaku had doubts as to whether this daughter (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) was truly his child or not, and he did not raise her as her own.
- 自動車評論家として知られる徳大寺有恒は、皇太子時代の天皇が運転する日産・スカイラインと対向車として遭遇し、大いに驚いた体験を自著に書き残している。
- Aritsune TOKUDAIJI, who is known as an automotive commentator, described in his book an astonishing experience that he encountered the Crown Prince Akihito driving the Nissan Skyline, coming from the opposite direction.
- もっとも、デーモンが早稲田大学の出身であり、なおかつ大相撲や日本文化に造詣が深いことを考慮すれば、天皇に名が知られていてもそれほど不思議ではない。
- However, given the fact that Mr. Demon Kogure graduated from Waseda University, as well as being well versed in professional Sumo wrestling and Japanese culture, it comes as no surprise that the Emperor knew who Mr. Demon Kogure is.
- 日本書紀によると応神天皇14年に弓月君(ゆづきのきみ:新撰姓氏録では融通王)が朝鮮半島の百済から百二十県の人を率いて帰化し秦氏の基となったという。
- According to the Chronicles of Japan, the Hata clan originated with Yuzuki no kimi (described as Yuzuo in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility)) who in 284 led people from 120 districts of Paekche in the Korean Peninsula to settle in Japan.
- 江戸時代前期の柳原資廉は霊元天皇の従兄弟にあたり、武家伝奏をつとめて江戸幕府との交渉に活躍し、江戸時代中期の柳原光綱も、議奏と武家伝奏に就任した。
- A cousin of Emperor Reigen, Sukekado YANAGIWARA was a buke tenso (liaison officer between the Imperial Court and the military government) who lived during the early Edo period and successfully served in negotiations with the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); Mitsutsuna YANAGIWARA, who lived during the mid-Edo period, not only served as a buke tenso, but also as a giso (one who conveys to the Emperor the decisions of the congress).
- 622年に聖徳太子が死ぬと、橘大郎女は推古天皇に願い出て、釆女に天寿国曼荼羅繍帳(てんじゅこくまんだらしゅうちょう、天寿国繍帳とも言う)を作らせた。
- When the Prince Shotoku died in 622, with the permission of the Empress Suiko, TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume ordered Uneme (the ancient court hostess) to make the Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho (tapestries with embroideries representing Tenjuku paradise, also called Tenjukoku Shucho).
- 馬の骨を残し一族と三輪文屋君(敏達天皇に仕えた三輪君逆の孫)、舎人田目連とその娘、莵田諸石、伊勢阿倍堅経らを連れ斑鳩宮から脱出し、生駒山に逃亡した。
- Prince Yamashiro no oe escaped with MIWA no Fumiya no Kimi (grandson of MIWA no Kimisakau who served for Emperor Bitatsu), TONERITAME no Muraji and his daughter UDA no Moroshi, ISE no Abeno Katabu and other followers ran to Mt. Ikoma.
- 天皇はこれを恨み退位も考えたが、山碕(後の京都府乙訓郡)に宮殿を造営中に病に倒れ、白雉5年10月10日 (旧暦)(654年)に難波の宮殿で崩御した。
- The Emperor Kotoku became very angry and thought about the abdication of the throne, however, he fell ill when his new palace in Yamazaki (present-day Oto-gun Kyoto Prefecture) was in the course of construction, and passed away at Naniwa Imperial residence on November 27, 654.
- 1318年、尊治親王に皇位が移ると(後醍醐天皇)、邦良親王は皇太子に立てられたが、鎌倉幕府との交渉が膠着し、即位することなく薨去した(1326年)。
- In 1318 when the throne was transferred to Imperial Prince Takaharu (Emperor Godaigo), Imperial Prince Kuninaga was raised as crown prince, but he died without taking the position because the negotiation with the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was stalemated.
- 斯波義将は義満の没後も将軍足利義持を補佐し、朝廷から義満に対する太上天皇の尊号を追号する事を拒否したり、勘合貿易の廃止を提言するなど影響力を持った。
- Yoshimasa SHIBA assisted the Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA even after the death of Yoshimitsu, and he was so influential that he declined to accept the offer by the Imperial Court to give the posthumous title of Emperor Daijo (a Japanese Emperor who abdicated in favor of a successor) to Yoshimitsu and offered suggestions to abolish the tally trade (between Japan and the Ming dynasty).
- 蘇我氏は大王家(後の天皇家)を凌ぐ権勢を誇り、遂には自身が大王 (ヤマト王権)になろうとしたため、乙巳の変により滅ぼされたと『日本書紀』が伝えている。
- The Soga clan prided reins of power surpassing the great king (the Imperial Family in later years) and he even tried to become the great king (Yamato sovereignty, the ancient Japan sovereignty) so, according to 'Nihonshoki,' (Chronicles of Japan) he was destroyed in the Isshi no hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 天皇自身が、公務等の見直しは在位20周年となる平成21年以降からと希望していたため、平成21年(2009年)1月29日に宮内庁より軽減策が発表された。
- As the Emperor had desired that his official duties and others should be reviewed after 2009, the 20th anniversary of his enthronement, the Imperial Household Agency did not announce the measures to reduce the Emperor's burden until January 29, 2009.
- その為、天皇に質問された出席者は「陛下が自分のことについてこちらがドキッとするほどお詳しいので恐縮に堪えません」などと記者団に感想を述べることが多い。
- Therefore, those guests asked by the Emperor frequently make comments to the press that 'I am quite embarrassed because his Majesty had so profound knowledge of me as to make me surprise.'
- 文室 浄三(ふんや の きよみ、持統天皇7年(693年)- 宝亀元年10月9日 (旧暦)(770年10月31日))は、奈良時代の皇親(後に臣籍降下)。
- FUNYA no Kiyomi (693 - October 31, 770) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Nara period (Later demoted from nobility to subject.)
- 鎌倉時代後期に河内国で楠木正成らが挙兵すると、第9代宇都宮公綱は討伐軍に参加するが、幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇の建武の新政がはじまると雑訴決断所を務める。
- In the late Kamakura period, when commanders including Masashige KUSUNOKI raised his army in Kawachi Province, the ninth family head, Kintsuna UTSUNOMIYA joined the bakufu forces to subdue Masashige, but after the fall of the bakufu, he worked for Zasso-Ketsudansho (agency of Kenmu government to file lawsuits) when the Kenmu Restoration (the new government) led by Emperor Godaigo started.
- 天皇の后妃、生母以外での女院号宣下は室町幕府3代将軍足利義満の正室、日野康子(北山院)以来約320年ぶりで、現在に至るまで孝子内親王が最後の例である。
- It was the first time in about 320 years that someone other than emperors' consorts or real mothers received senge for Nyoingo after Yasuko HINO (Kitayamain), who was the lawful wife of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the third Shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the Imperial Princess Takako has been the last case up to today.
- なお、天武天皇の子女で最後の生存者として叙された多紀内親王以外はいずれも内命婦以上の高位の女性の所生であり、母親の身分も深く関与したと考えられている。
- Since all the children of the Emperor Tenmu, except the Princess Taki who was conferred Ippon as the last existing child of the Emperor Tenmu, were born to mothers who were higher than the rank of the senior court lady; it is supposed that the status of the mothers was deeply related.
- 「天皇を現人神と仰ぎ奉り皇国を毒する内外一切の勢力を打滅せん事を期す」「大日本帝国憲法の復活」「核武装による皇軍再建」(大日本殉皇会・1961年設立)。
- We expect everyone to take the Emperor as Arahitogami and remove any power that damages our imperial nation whether it is from the inside or outside; restore the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and rebuild the imperial army with nucleus weapons' (Dai Nipppon Junkokai [Great Japan Die-for-the-Emperor Group] established in 1961).
- 明日香皇女は、母が豪族の娘という身分にしては、持統天皇の訪問を受けたり、彼女の病気平癒のために108人の沙門を出家させたりなど、異例の扱いを受けている。
- The Imperial Princess Asuka, despite of the fact that her mother was a daughter of a merely local ruling family, was given an unusual treatment, as she was visited by the Empress Jito, who also persuaded 108 people to become priests, praying for the recovery of the princess from her illness.
- 山背大兄王(やましろのおおえのおう、生年不詳 - 皇極天皇2年11月11日 (旧暦)(643年12月30日))は、『日本書紀』によれば7世紀前半の皇族。
- Prince Yamashiro no oe (year of birth unknown - December 30, 643) was a member of the Imperial family in the early seventh century according to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- その後、東宮大夫から玉音放送についての説明を受けるとすぐに悲しみから立ち直り、敗戦からの復興と国家の再建を率いる皇太子、将来の天皇としての決意を固めた。
- Soon after the Togu-daifu's detailed explanation of the Emperor's announcement, he got over the grief, making a resolve to be the Crown Prince and the future Emperor undertaking the tasks aimed at Japan's revival from the defeat and nation's restoration.
- また、後白河法皇の近臣で後に順徳天皇の外祖父となった藤原範季の子孫からは堂上家である高倉家(室町時代末に絶家後、江戸時代に再興し藪家に改号)を輩出した。
- Moreover, from the descendant of FUJIWARA no Norisue, who was a vassal and close aide of Pope Goshirakawa and later became the maternal grandfather of Emperor Juntoku, came the Takakura Family (after the fall of the family in the late Muromachi era, the family was rebuilt and completed the kaigo (change of name of title) to the Yabu Family), meaning the Dojo Family.
- また、藤原伊尹が重態になった折に円融天皇が摂政の上表をすぐに受理してしまった事に対して藤原済時がその不見識(3度目まで待たなかったこと)を非難している。
- When FUJIWARA no Koretane became very ill, the Emperor Enyu accepted Johyo from a Sessho (Regent) straight away and FUJIWARA no Naritoki criticized this dishonorable behavior (that the Emperor did not wait until he received the third Johyo).
- 一条天皇の母后である皇太后藤原詮子が東三条院の女院を受けることがきっかけとなり、朝廷では皇后や皇太后、太皇太后などの三后にも、院号を贈ることが慣習化した。
- The Empress Dowager, 'FUJIWARA no Senshi', who was Emperor Ichijo's mother, got a title of Nyoin as Higashi Sanjoin, which started a custom that Ingo was conferred on three Empresses: the Empress, the Empress Dowager, and the Grand Empress Dowager, in the Imperial Court.
- 第二次世界大戦が終結するまで「天皇制」は共産党の用語であり、一般には認知されていなかったが、現代では共産党と関係なくマスメディア等一般にも使用されている。
- Although the word 'Tennosei' was for the Communist party until the end of the World War II and was not generally recognized, the word now has no connection with the Communist party and is widely used even in the media.
- だが、蘇我氏の実権が蝦夷の息子の蘇我入鹿に移ると、入鹿はより蘇我氏の意のままになると見られた古人大兄皇子の擁立を企て、その中継ぎとして皇極天皇を擁立した。
- However, when the power in the Soga clan transferred to SOGA no Iruka, son of Emishi, Iruka planned to enthrone Furuhito no Oe no Miko, who Iruka could control at his will, and Iruka put up Empress Kogyoku as a interim successor.
- 鎌倉時代は江北六郡の地頭であり、始祖の佐々木氏信は鎌倉幕府の評定衆を務め、後を継いだ佐々木宗綱は、幕府が朝廷に対し天皇の譲位を促した際の使者を務めている。
- In the Kamakura period the clan was an estate steward of six counties in Gohoku, and the original forefather Ujinobu SASAKI became The High Court of Justice of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and Munetsuna SASAKI who inherited Ujinobu, worked as an envoy at the time when the bakufu prompted the Imperial Court to pass the throne to the successor.
- 選叙令に従五位下以上の官人(貴族)が致仕する場合には必ず上表をして天皇の許可を得ることとなっていたため、貴族が官職を退く際には辞表が行われるようになった。
- Under the Senjoryo (the regulations for the recruitment and promotion of government officials), when government officials (nobles) of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and over wished to resign his positions, they had to get the Emperor's permission; so it became a custom that they wrote a Jihyo when nobles resigned from government posts.
- 憲法学会の学説では、日本国憲法下の現行体制を立憲君主制とは捉えず、また天皇は元首ではないとするのが通説であるが、実質的に元首であるという見解を示す説もある。
- The common theory of the constitution study group is that the current system under the Constitution of Japan is not considered as the constitutional monarchy and therefore the Emperor is not the head of state; but there are some theories that believe the Emperor is practically the head of state.
- 同年12月9日の宮内庁記者会見に於いては、天皇が12月上旬に上室性不整脈に罹患し、また、消化器官検査で胃と十二指腸に炎症が発見されたことがなどが発表された。
- At the press conference on December 9 of the same year, the Imperial Household Agency announced that the Emperor had a supraventricular arrhythmia in the beginning of December, in addition to the inflammation of the stomach and the duodenum that was detected by an examination of the digestive tract.
- しかし実際には貞常親王が伏見宮家の当主を継承し、伏見宮家の財産を皇室に統合することはせず、後花園天皇は貞常親王に「永世伏見御所と称すべし」との勅許を与えた。
- However, Imperial Prince Sadatsune became the head of the Fushiminomiya family without combining its property with that of the Imperial Family, with the Emperor Gohanazono granting the family the right 'to call itself the Imperial palace of Fushimi on a permanent basis.'
- 伏見宮家から後花園天皇が践祚した時に、自動的に伏見宮家の血筋が皇室に横滑りし、弟の伏見宮貞常親王も皇弟となって伏見宮家というくくりを無くす選択肢もありえた。
- When the Emperor Gohanazono from the Fushiminomiya family acceded to the throne, the bloodline of the Fushiminomiya family became the main line, and the family could have chosen to eliminate the demarcation between the Fushiminomiya family and the reigning Imperial Family so that the Emperor Gohanazono would be succeeded by Imperial Prince Sadatsune FUSHIMINOMIYA, the Emperor Gohanazono's brother.
- 鎌倉時代末期には日野資朝や日野俊基が後醍醐天皇の討幕計画が露見した正中 (元号)元年(1324年)の正中の変、元弘2年(1332年)の元弘の乱で処罰された。
- At the end of the Kamakura period, Suketomo HINO and Toshimoto HINO were punished in the Shochu Incident in 1324 and the Genko War in 1332, wherein the Emperor Go-Daigo's plan of conspiracy to overthrow the shogunate was revealed.
- 後陽成天皇の信任が厚く、しかも天海を通じて江戸幕府とも関係があった平田職忠はまさにその役目に適した人物であり、それが出納平田家の上昇にもつながったのである。
- Trusted by Emperor Goyozei and enjoying a relationship with the Edo shogunate through the Buddhist monk Tenkai, Mototada HIRATA was the right person to play the role, which led the rise of the Suino Hirata family.
- 桓武平氏(かんむへいし)は、天長2年(825年)以降に桓武天皇の孫たちのうち身分の低い者が、「平朝臣」を賜姓されて臣籍に下ることによって成立した氏族である。
- The Kanmu-Heishi were established by some lower ranked grandsons of Emperor Kanmu who had been given the honorary surname of 'TAIRA no Ason' upon being demoted from the Imperial family in and after 825.
- また、奈良時代の天平宝字8年(764年)には勅及び勅書の遂行と天皇及び宮中の用度を担当する勅旨省(ちょくししょう/てしのつかさ)が設置されていたことがある。
- In addition, in the Nara period 764, Chokushi-sho (Bureau of Edicts), which was in charge of the implementation of Choku and Chokusho as well as the supply goods for the emperor and the imperial court, was set.
- 夫天皇、父不比等等肉親の死を経て、723年に従二位に叙され、首皇子が即位した翌724年には正一位、大御祖(文書では皇太夫人)の称号を受けたが病は癒えなかった。
- After the deaths of her husband, the Emperor Monmu and her father FUJIWARA no Fuhito, Miyako was conferred Junii (Junior Second Rank) in 723, and Shoichii (Senior First Rank) as well as Oomioya (meaning the mother of the emperor but the title in official documents was Kotaifujin [the wife of the previous retired emperor]) in 724, when the Prince Obito acceded to the throne, and yet it took a long time before her illness was cured.
- 天智天皇10年(671年)6月には新羅が調を進め、7月には唐の使者李守真と百済の使者が帰国し、10月には新羅の使者金万物が再び調を進め、12月17日に帰った。
- In July 671, Shiragi started the preliminary research to build diplomatic relations with Japan, the Tang envoy Rishushin and the Kudara envoy returned to their countries in August, and the Shiragi envoy, Komumanmotsu restarted his research in November, leaving Japan on January 24, 672.
- 以仁王は親王宣下がなされず、ついに治承4年(1180年)、最勝親王を名乗り安徳天皇と平氏政権の排除を唱えて源頼政とともに挙兵するが、敗死した(以仁王の挙兵)。
- The Prince Mochihito, who was not entitled to hold the name of Imperial prince, named himself the Imperial Prince Saisho in 1180 and raised an army with MINAMOTO no Yorimasa under the slogan of eliminating the Emperor Antoku and the Taira clan government but was killed in a battle (army raised by Prince Mochihito).
- 興国元年/暦応3年(1340年)、道誉と長男の佐々木秀綱は、家臣が光厳天皇の弟である妙法院の御所の僧兵に殴打された事を怒り、御所に火をかけ建仁寺を延焼させる。
- In 1340, Doyo and his eldest son Hidetsuna SASAKI got angry about an incident where their subjects were beat up by soldier priests of the Imperial Court of Myohoin, who was the youngest brother of Emperor Kogen, and set fire to the Imperial Court to burn down Kennin-ji Temple.
- また、推古天皇二年に出された、三宝(仏・法・僧)を敬うべしという詔が示しているように、女帝は太子や馬子と共に仏法興隆にも努め、斑鳩に法隆寺を建立させたりした。
- Also, as the imperial decree issued in 594 which says that Sanbo (three treasures of Buddhism; Buddha, sutras and priesthood) should be respected shows, the Empress, together with the Prince and Umako, tried to make Buddhism flourish and let Horyu-ji Temple to be built in Ikaruga (a town in Ikoma-gun, Nara Prefecture).
- また信長は、時の正親町天皇とは当初協調路線をとっていたが、しだいに自らを神格化するような行動を取り、さらには朝廷が決定する暦の制定にまで口をはさむようになった。
- Also initially, Nobunaga had been taking a cooperative policy with the Emperor at the time, Emperor Ogimachi, but as time went on, he started to act as if he was deified, even interfering with the establishment of the calendar which was set by the Imperial Count.
- 当初、幕府方として後醍醐天皇の企てを阻止する側に加わっていた足利尊氏は次第に倒幕の志を秘めるようになり、一門の重鎮 吉良貞義に相談の上、朝廷側への寝返りを決行。
- Takauji ASHIKAGA, who at first stood for the Bakufu to thwart an Emperor Godaigo's plan, gradually began to conceal his intention to overthrow the Shogunate, and after he consulted Sadayoshi KIRA, a grand person of the family, he went over to the side of the Imperial Court.
- 江戸時代に入ると、公家社会は幕府から保護を受けることとなったが、反面、天皇と公家を規制する禁中並公家諸法度が定められ、これにより江戸時代の公武関係が規定された。
- During the Edo period, the kuge society gained protection from the bakufu, while the 'Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto' (a set of legal regulations that applied to emperors and Kyoto nobles) that regulated emperors and kuge was established and defined the relationship between kuge and samurai of the Edo period.
- これにより、結果的に先に亡くなった厩戸皇子より長生きした大王からは後継者に明確に指定はされなかったものの、蘇我氏の力を背景に629年(舒明天皇元年)に即位した。
- Therefore, backed by the power of the Soga clan, he acceded to the throne in 629 although he had not been officially assigned by the okimi (great king), who outlived the Imperial Prince Umayado, who consequently died earlier than the okimi.
- 追号は天皇が崩御した後に贈られる称号であり、制度上は必ずしも元号が追号になるわけではない(明治以降は慣例を踏襲しただけであり、旧皇室令等でも規定されていない)。
- A posthumous title is the title given after the demise of the Emperor and gengo (era name) does not necessarily become his posthumous title from an institutional standpoint (after Meiji period the custom was just followed and nothing is prescribed for the posthumous title in Kyu Koshitsu-rei (the Old Imperial Families' Act) and so on).
- 『日本書紀』には、天智天皇7年(668年)7月に栗前王が筑紫率、8年(669年)正月に蘇我赤兄が筑紫率、10年(671年)5月に栗隈王が筑紫帥に任命されたとある。
- According to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), Kurikuma no Okimi (栗前王) was appointed to Tsukushi no Kami in August 668, SOGA no Akae to the same rank in February 669, and Kurikuma no Okimi (栗隈王) to Tsukushi no Sotsu in June 671.
- なお、現在の阪急京都本線の前身である新京阪鉄道と、近鉄京都線の前身である奈良電気鉄道は、この昭和天皇即位大典に間に合わせるようにして、それぞれ暫定開業をしている。
- Moreover, Shinkeihan Railway, the former Hankyu Kyoto Line, and Nara Electric Railway, the former Kintetsu Kyoto Line, provisionally opened in time for the enthronement of the Emperor Showa.
- また「上宮記」逸文の文章系譜によれば、中斯知命(なかしちのみこと)を妃として乎非王(おいのおおきみ)を儲け、その孫が男大迹王(袁本杼王)すなわち継体天皇とされる。
- Furthermore, according to the Itsubun (unidentified or lost wirings) written genealogy from the 'Joguki,' Prince Ohodo married Nakashichi no Mikoto taking her as his princess, and they had a son (prince), Oi no Okimi.
- また、国民の祝日に関する法律を立法するに先立って行われた、「希望する祝日」の政府の世論調査では、「新年」に次いで「天皇陛下のお生まれになった日」が第2位であった。
- Also, at the opinion survey conducted by the government regarding 'preferable holidays' prior to legislate the Act on National Holidays, 'the birthday of his Imperial Majesty' ranked second following 'New Year.'
- 英照皇太后は生前女御のままで皇后には冊立されず、明治天皇の即位にともなって皇太后とされたので、その追号は正確なものであったが、昭憲皇太后にはこれは当てはまらない。
- In life, Empress Dowager Eisho stayed as a consort and was never installed as an empress, and she was titled Empress Dowager to accompany Emperor Meiji's enthronement, so this posthumous title is correct, but this does not hold true for Empress Dowager Shoken.
- 近衛 維子(このえ これこ、宝暦9年12月9日 (旧暦)(1760年12月6日) – 天明3年10月12日 (旧暦)(1783年11月6日))は、後桃園天皇の女御。
- Koreko KONOE (December 6, 1760 – November 6, 1783) was 'Nyogo' (a wife or concubine of Emperor) of the Emperor Gomomozono.
- 歴史学上、天皇家は古墳時代に見られたヤマト王権の「大王 (ヤマト王権)(あめのしたしろしめすおおきみ)」(あるいは「大王(おおきみ)」)に由来すると考えられている。
- Historically, it is thought that the Imperial Family came from the Great King or Okimi of the 'Yamato Sovereignty' (Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Okimi) that existed in the Kofun period.
- 信隆の子の信清は後鳥羽天皇の叔父にあたり、また信清の娘は鎌倉幕府将軍源実朝の正室となったことから、坊門家は皇室・幕府いずれに対しても大きな影響力を持つようになった。
- Nobukiyo, Nobutaka's son, was the Emperor Gotoba's uncle, and Nobukiyo's daughter became the legal wife of MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, Shogun of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); as a result, the Bomon family came to hold enormous influence over both the imperial house and the bakufu.
- だが、引田臣を率いる阿倍比羅夫が斉明天皇に仕えて将軍として活躍し、布施臣を率いる倉梯麻呂の息子・阿倍御主人(635-703)は大宝律令下で最初の右大臣に任命された。
- Nevertheless, ABE no Hirafu who led HIKITA no omi served as Shogun for Empress Saimei, and ABE no Miushi (635-703), the son of Kurahashimaro who led FUSE no omi, was assigned to become the first Udaijin (minister of the right) under the Taiho Code.
- ところが『古事記』によれば、清寧天皇崩後に皇嗣なく、飯豊王が執政していたが、やがて(つまりその執政期間中に)億計・弘計の兄弟が発見され、兄弟を播磨国から迎えたとある。
- However in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), after the demise of Emperor Seinei, there was no Crown Prince and thus Iitoyo no himemiko addressed affairs of state, but later (that is, during her administration period) Oke no mikoto's brothers were found and she welcomed the brothers from Harima Province.
- 興国年間には南朝_(日本)方(後醍醐天皇方)として同族の伊佐氏 (常陸国)とともに常陸国伊佐郡 (常陸国)の伊佐城に拠り、北朝_(日本)方(足利方)の高師冬等と戦う。
- In the Kokoku era, after taking the side of the Southern Court (Japan) (headed by Emperor Godaigo), Yukimune placed his military base in the Isa Castle of Isa County (Hitachi Province), a main castle of his relative Ise clan, and fought against KO no Morofuyu of the Northern Court (Japan) (headed by the Ashikaga clan).
- 日本共産党は2004年に綱領を改正し、元首化・統治者化を認めないという条件の下、天皇制の是非については主権在民の思想に基づき国民が判断すべきである、という趣旨に改めた。
- The Japanese Communist Party amended their policy and although they do not accept any head of state or ruler, about the Tennosei, they decided to leave it to the people because the sovereignty rests with the people.
- 皇子を憐れんで祖母・皇極天皇は皇子をとても可愛がったと日本書紀に記載されており、「萬歳千秋の後に、要ず朕が陵に合せ葬れ」と言い、自分が崩御した際一緒に合葬せよと命じた。
- According to the Nihonshoki, feeling pity towards the prince, his grandmother, the Empress Kogyoku, doted so fondly on him that she ordered at the time of her demise to bury him together with her, saying that 'even after a long period of time, be certain to bury him together with me in my tomb.'
- 奈良時代を通じて内親王で一品に昇進したのは彼女と元正天皇の2人だけである(以後、貞観 (日本)19年(877年)の儀子内親王が叙されるまで内親王の一品叙位の例は無い)。
- Among those imperial princesses, she and the Empress Gensho were the only ones who were promoted to the rank of Ippon over the Nara period (No imperial princesses were promoted to the rank of Ippon thereafter, until the Imperial Princess Gishi was conferred the rank in 877.)
- ただし、品位そのものは天皇との親疎は勿論のこと当該皇親の母親の出自や年齢、経歴、その他社会的評価に基づいて叙せられる場合が多く、一品親王と皇位継承との関連性は全く無い。
- However, since the Honi was most of time conferred based on the degree of the intimacy with the emperor, the origin of Koshin's mother, the age, the career and the other social valuation, there was no relation between the Ippon Shinno and the succession to the Imperial Throne.
- 律令制が確立した当初において、政治意思決定に天皇が占める位置は絶対的なものとされていたが、9世紀ごろから貴族層が実質的な政治意思決定権を次第に掌握するようになっていった。
- At the beginning of the time when the Ritsuryo system was established, the position of the Emperor in the political decision making was to be unquestioned but from around the ninth century, the noble hierarchy gradually started to have the right of decision making.
- 慶応2年12月25日 (旧暦)(1867年1月30日)、孝明天皇の崩御を受け、儲君睦仁親王が翌慶応3年1月9日 (旧暦)(1867年2月13日)に践祚して皇位を継承した。
- After the death of the Emperor Komei on December 25, Keio 2 (old lunar calendar) (January 30, 1867), Imperial Prince Mutsuhito ascended and succeeded Imperial Throne in the following year, on January 9, Keio 3 (old lunar calendar) (February 13, 1867).
- 白川伯王家(しらかわはくおうけ)、又は白川家(しらかわけ)とは花山天皇の皇孫の延信王(清仁親王の王子)から始まり、古代からの神祇官に伝えられた伝統を受け継いだ公家である。
- The Shirakawa-hakuo family, or the Shirakawa family was the court noble that had been originated from 'Prince Nobuzane' (the prince of Imperial Prince Kiyohito), who was the imperial grandson of Emperor Kazan, and the family inherited the ancient tradition handed over through Jingikan (officer of the institution for dedicating to religious ceremony).
- しかし、寛永11年(1634年)に後水尾天皇の命で同族の五条家から高辻遂長(かつなが)(正三位・参議・大蔵省)(1600年-1643年)を家督養子として家名が再興される。
- However, by the order of Emperor Gomizunoo in 1634, Katsunaga TAKATSUJI (Shosanmi - Senior Third Rank), Sangi, Okurasho (Minister of Treasury) (1600 - 1643) was adopted as the heir from the Gojo family, which belonged to the same family, and the family name was revived.
- 菟道貝蛸皇女(聖徳太子妃)、竹田皇子、小墾田皇女(押坂彦人大兄皇子妃)、尾張皇子(聖徳太子の妃橘大郎女の父)、田眼皇女(田村皇子(後の舒明天皇)妃)ら二男五女をもうけた。
- She gave birth to two sons and five daughters including Princess Ujinokaitako (the wife of Prince Shotoku), Prince Takeda, Princess Oharida (the wife of OSHISAKA no Hikohito no Oenomiko), Prince Owari (the father of TACHIBANA no Oiratsume, the wife of Prince Shotoku), Princess Tame (the wife of Prince Tamura-later Emperor Jomei), etc.
- 藤原 吉子(ふじわら の よしこ、生年不詳 - 大同 (日本)2年11月12日 (旧暦)(807年12月18日))は、奈良時代後期から平安時代初期にかけての桓武天皇の夫人。
- FUJIWARA no Yoshiko (year of birth unknown - December 18, 807) was the consort of the Emperor Kanmu from the late Nara period to the early Heian period.
- 安永3年(1774年)6月に伏見宮貞行親王が薨去し、伏見宮家が空主となったため、同年11月13日後桃園天皇の勅命により還俗し宮家を相続、名を邦頼と賜り改めて親王宣下を蒙る。
- After Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadamochi passed away in July 1774, as there was no heir to the Fushiminomiya family, he returned to the secular life following the order of Emperor Gomomozono and succeeded to the Fushiminomiya family on December 15th of the same year receiving the title of Imperial Prince again with his name changed to Kuniyori.
- 「日本という国名は、天皇と密接に繋がっており、オウム国家を表すものとしては相応しくない。よって以下の国号に変更するのが望ましい。真理国、オウム国、神聖真理国、太陽寂静国。」。
- Japan as a name of a country has close connection with the Emperor, so it is not suitable to represent the Aum state. Therefore, it would be preferable to call it as follows: Shinri-koku (Country of Truth), Aum-koku (Country of Aum), Shinsei-Aum-koku (Sacred Aum Country) or Taiyoseijyaku-koku (Serene country with the sun).'
- 宝亀3年(772年)、突如母親である皇后井上内親王が夫である天皇を呪ったという大逆容疑で皇后を廃されて、5月27日 (旧暦)にはこれに連座する形で他戸親王が皇太子を廃される。
- In 772, his mother, Empress Imperial Princess Inoe was dethroned on the charge of high treason for cursing her husband and Crown prince Osabe was subsequently demoted for his involvement in that case on June 16, 772.
- なお、年齢については、『水鏡』に「御年四十五(45歳)」とあり、これに基づいて逆算すれば、允恭天皇29年(440年)の誕生となるが、どれだけ史実を反映しているかは不明である。
- And as for her age, 'she is forty-five (45 years old),' was written in 'Mizu Kagami (The Water Mirror),' and to calculate her age inversely based on this, it is Emperor Ingyo 29 (440), but it is not clear how it true to the historical fact.
- 日本書紀皇極天皇三年(644年)3月の項に、軽皇子が朝参しなかった時、その宮に侍泊した中臣鎌子に寵妃阿倍氏をつかわして世話をさせたとあり、寵妃阿倍氏は小足媛と考えられている。
- There is a description in the section of March, 644 of Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), which is the Prince Karu made his favorite mistress, of the Abe clan to look after NAKATOMI no Kamako, who stayed the palace when the Prince Karu did not go to the Imperial Court; it is believed that this favorite mistress, of the Abe clan was Otarashihime.
- もっとも、本来、天皇の生母への優遇措置であった女院の地位に至る要件が時代がくだるとともに次第に多様化したことから、すべての女院が上皇と同じ待遇を受けることができたわけではない。
- However, because the requirements to get the status of nyoin, which was originally the good treatment for real mother of emperor, gradually diversified as time passed, not all nyoins were able to receive the same treatment as that of Joko.
- 用明天皇の崩御(587年)後に王位継承者として候補に挙がったらしいが、対立する蘇我系王族が台頭したため、以後の史料には活動が一切見えず、蘇我氏によって暗殺されたとの憶測もある。
- After the Emperor Yomei died in 587, he was raised up as the successor to the throne, but the Soga clan, the opposition appeared, and no further activities of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko is found in any historical documents; it is assumed that he was assassinated by the Soga clan.
- 実朝が暗殺されると、義時は京都から九条頼経を4代将軍に迎え(摂家将軍)、将軍の地位を名目的なものとし、後鳥羽天皇の討幕運動である承久の乱に勝利し、幕府を安定させることに成功した。
- After the assassination of Sanetomo, Yoshitoki helped Yoritsune KUJO from Kyoto to the fourth Shogun (Sekke Shogun (Shogun from a regent family)) to make the Shogun a nominal status, won the Jokyu War against the anti-Shogunate movement of Emperor Gotoba, and successfully stabilized the bakufu government.
- かつて秀吉は、天皇の住まう御所周辺に公家たちの屋敷を集め公家町を形成したが、上冷泉家は、公家町が完全に成立した後に許されて都に戻ったため、公家町内に屋敷を構えることが出来なかった。
- Hideyoshi had gathered residences of the court nobility in a town of court nobility near the Imperial Palace inhabited by Emperor, but the Kami Reizei family were unable to have a residence there because the town had already been fully established by the time they were forgiven and allowed to return.
- 為子内親王の死去をきっかけに妃が置かれなくなった(なお円融天皇に入内した尊子内親王が妃であった可能性を指摘する研究者もいる)ことと摂関政治の進展と密接な関係があると考えられている。
- With the death of Imperial Princess Ishi as start, it is considered that there was a close connection between abolition of Hi (some scholars pointed out possibility that Imperial Princess Sonshi who entered into the court for Emperor Enyu was Hi) and the development of the regency.
- しかし孝子内親王は後光明天皇の唯一の遺児、嫡流の皇女として重んじられ、天和 (日本)3年12月(1684年1月)に親王宣下、次いで宝永5年(1708年)には一品親王に叙されている。
- However, the Imperial Princess Takako was respected as the Emperor Gokomyo's only one bereaved child and the imperial princess of the direct descendant; she received senge (imperial proclamation) for the imperial princess in January 1684, and then conferred Ippon Shinno (the first-ranked imperial princess) in 1708.
- 後に源氏の分家である足利家は室町幕府を開き、武士の勢力の伸張と天皇家の権威・権力の衰退にも助けられ、15代240年にわたり征夷大将軍として日本に君臨し、外交、内政、軍事を差配した。
- Later the Ashikaga family, a branch family of the Minamoto clan established Muromachi bakufu, and partly because of the expansion of the power of bushi (warriors) and the decline of the authority and power of the Emperor, reigned over Japan as Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and conducted foreign affairs, domestic administration, and military affairs over 15 generations for 240 years.
- 記録上確認できるのは、『続日本紀』に記された聖武上皇の母藤原宮子の死去の時(母親の事例)と同じく桓武天皇の父光仁上皇の死去の時(父親の事例)に宮中行事が中止されたことが記されている。
- There is a record in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) that court functions were canceled when Retired Emperor Shomu's mother, GUJIWARA no Miyako died (as a case of a mother's death) and Emperor Kanmu's father, Retired Emperor Konin died (as a case of a father's death).
- 天平年間は災害や疫病(天然痘)が多発したため聖武天皇は仏教に深く帰依し、天平13年(741年)には国分寺建立の詔を、天平16年(743年)には東大寺盧舎那仏像の建立の詔を出している。
- Because disasters and plagues (smallpox) occurred frequently during Tenpyo era, Emperor Shomu became a devout believer of Buddhism and he issued the Imperial Edict to erect Kokubun-ji Temple in 741, the Imperial Edict to erect the statue of Birushana Buddha in Todai-ji Temple in 743.
- いずれも明治3年1月3日(1870年2月3日)の明治天皇の即位に際して発せられた詔勅「…立極垂統、列皇相承、継之述之…宣明治教以宣揚惟神之大道也…」に出典を求め、命名されたものである。
- The source of these two names is in the Imperial Rescript issued on February 3, 1870 when the Emperor Meiji ascended the throne, which said 'Today's prosperity is due to successive deities ascended the throne to establish the natural order and nurture everything... Japanese people are expected to live following the deities' will.'
- 一方で第56代清和天皇から派生した清和源氏、特に武家棟梁と呼ばれる畿内の河内国を本拠地とした河内源氏の一族は特権階級(平氏や藤原氏等)の増長を制し、着々と東国にその基盤を広げて行った。
- Meanwhile, the Seiwa-Genji branch of the Minamoto clan (who were descended from Emperor Seiwa, the fifty-sixth emperor) and particularly the Kawachi-Genji branch of the Minamoto clan (which was known as the head of the samurai families based in Kawachi Province, which was located in the Kinai region) prevented the privileged classes (clans such as the Taira and Fujiwara) from assuming power and steadily extended the power base of the Minamoto clan throughout the Togoku.
- 後水尾天皇の斡旋により、舟橋家の当主の(従四位上・式部省)舟橋秀賢朝臣の次男伏原賢忠(かたただ)(従二位・大蔵省)(1637年-1705年)を分家させることとし、伏原家の家名を名乗る。
- Through mediation by Emperor Gomizunoo, Katatada FUSEHARA (Junii - Junior Second Rank), Okurasho (Ministry of Finance) (1637-1705), who was the second son of FUNABASHI no Hidekata Ason (Jushiinojo - Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade), Shikibusho (Ministry of Ceremony), the family head of the Funabashi family was made to establish a branch using the family name of Fusehara.
- 尊号(諡)を天璽国押開豊桜彦天皇(あめしるしくにおしはらきとよさくらひこのすめらみこと)、勝宝感神聖武皇帝(しょうほうかんじんしょうむこうてい)、沙弥勝満(しゃみしょうまん)とも言う。
- His honorary title, shi, (a posthumous name) was Ameshirushikuni Oshiharakitoyosakurahiko no Sumeramikoto, Shohokanjinshomukotei or Shamishoman.
- なお、真の統治者が将軍ではなく天皇である事を知らしめるため、当時、九州鎮撫総監が“将軍はいろいろ変わったが、天子様は変わらず血統も絶えずに存在する”という趣旨の文書を民衆に配布している。
- To announce to the nation that the real ruler was not a shogun but an emperor, the Kyushu general office director of suppression circulated a document stating 'We had so many different Shoguns but the Emperor is still there without his blood line cut'.
- 男性皇親よりも女性皇親が先に一品を叙せられる事に対する朝廷内の反発を抑えるために当時健在であった天武天皇の皇子中最年長で太政大臣も務めた重鎮・穂積親王が同時に叙せられたと考えられている。
- In order to minimize the discontent in the Imperial Court for granting Ippon to a female Koshin (emperor's family), before male Koshin; it is considered that the Imperial Prince Hozumi, a prominent figure and the eldest among those existing imperial princes of the Emperor Tenmu at that time, was conferred Ippon at the same time.
- 「(中略)私の皇室に対する考え方は、天皇及び皇族は、国民と苦楽を共にすることに努め、国民の幸せを願いつつ務めを果たしていくことが(中略)、皇室の伝統ではないかと考えているということです。」
- (omission of a sentence) I believe that it is not only the tradition of the Imperial household but also my ideal image of the Emperor and the Imperial family to discharge duties while praying for the nation's happiness, as well as trying to share joys and sorrows with the nation.'
- 男子後継者候補がまったくいなかったとすると、飯豊王の執政は問題の一時先送りにしかならず、後世の女性天皇と比べてもまったく類例のないことになる(それゆえ『日本書紀』を正しいとする説もある)。
- If there was no successor of a son, the administration by Iitoyo no himemiko is a mere postponement of the problem and comparing with later Empress she was totally exceptional (thus, some theory think 'Nihonshoki' was correct).
- なお従来は、将軍家の弓馬師範は信濃小笠原氏が務めたとされたり、貞宗が後醍醐天皇の師範、長高が足利尊氏の師範を務めたなどの説が流布していたが、これらは後世の付会に過ぎず史料的裏付けに乏しい。
- There had been some theories that the Shinano-Ogasawara clan served as the master of kyuba of the shogun family, Sadamune served as the master of Emperor Godaigo and Nagataka served as the master of Takauji ASHIKAGA, but those are sophistries without any evidence of historical materials.
- また、大久保家(大久保利通の功)・木戸家(木戸孝允の功)・広沢家(広沢真臣の功)は、明治天皇の特旨によって華族に列せられているが、華族令以前に華族に昇進した元勲の家系はこの3家のみである。
- The Okubo family, the Kido family and the Hirosawa family were raised to kazoku by the favors of Emperor Meiji for the distinguished contributions of Toshimichi OKUBO, Takayoshi KIDO and Sanetomi HIROSAWA; amongst Shin kazoku (or Kunko kazoku), only those three families had been raised to kazoku before Kazoku Law was introduced.
- しかし、天長節については実際の誕生日からこれを祝う日(祝日)を移動する場合もあった(大正天皇の場合。同様の例はイギリスの女王誕生日Queens Official Birthdayがある)。
- However, in terms of tencho setsu, sometimes the celebration day (holiday) was moved from the actual birthday (for the case of Emperor Taisho. Similar example includes the Queens Official Birthday of England).
- 経実は権大納言どまりであったが、その子大炊御門経宗(1119年 - 1189年)は二条天皇の外舅として勢威をふるい、左大臣に昇って清華家の家格を確保した(経宗は閑院流公実の女公子を母とする)。
- Tsunezane was promoted only up to supernumerary chief councilor of state, but his son Tsunemune OINOMIKADO (1119 to 1189) held the reins of power as the maternal father of Emperor Nijo and was promoted to minister of the left so as to ensure the kakaku (family status) of the Seiga Family (Tsunemune's mother was Kimiko, a daughter of Kinzane KANINRYU).
- コーネル大学のアジア研究者ジョーン・ピゴットは、このような女性天皇と男性摂政というとりあわせを、祭祀の責務と行政の責務のあいだの対位法的な関係をベースにした相補型の共同統治であると述べている。
- Joan R. Piggott, a scholar of Asian studies at Cornell University, describes this combination of a female Emperor and a male regent as a complimentary type condominium based on a contrapuntal relationship between a responsibility of a religious service and a responsibility of public administration.
- 応神天皇の皇子で、母は和珥氏祖の日触使主(ひふれのおみ、比布礼能意富美)の女 ・宮主宅媛(みやぬしやかひめ、宮主矢河枝比売)である(ただし『先代旧事本紀』には、物部多遅麻連の女・山無媛とする)。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko was Imperial prince of the Emperor Ojin, and his mother was Miyanushi Yakahimi [(宮主宅媛), also known as Miyanushi Yagahaehime (宮主矢河枝比売)], a daughter of Hifure no Ohomi [(日触使主); his name was also written in this way '比布礼能意富美') in being an ancestor of the Wani Uji Clan.] [However, according to the 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History), the mother of Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko appeared as Yamanashi Hime (山無媛), a daughter of 'Mononobe no Tajima no Muraji' (物部多遅麻連).].
- 特に仲麻呂は淳仁天皇を擁立すると、息子3人(藤原真先・藤原訓儒麻呂・藤原朝狩)を参議とし前代未聞の親子4人を公卿とするなど権力を独占したが、天平宝字8年(764年)藤原仲麻呂の乱により失脚した。
- Nakamaro, in particular, backed Emperor Junnin and made his three sons (FUJIWARA no Masaki, FUJIWARA no Kusumaro and FUJIWARA no Asakari) sangi (councilors of state), whereby four people of Nakamaro and his sons became nobles and seized the dominant power; however, they fell from power as a result of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's war in 764.
- 死の前日に、女帝は敏達天皇の嫡孫・田村皇子を枕元に呼び、謹しんで物事を明察するように諭し、さらに聖徳太子の子山背大兄王にも、他人の意見を納れるように誡めただけで、後継者の指名は避けたようである。
- A day before her death, the Empress summoned Prince Tamura, the legitimate grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu, to her bedside and admonished him to see things through respectfully and also rebuked Prince YAMASHIRO no Oe to listen to opinions of other people, apparently avoiding appointment of her successor.
- しかし、その跡継ぎ聖武天皇には安積親王薨去後はついに男子の跡継ぎが生まれず、一族藤原氏と他氏貴族との権力闘争などもあいまって、崩御後20年も経たないうちに天武皇統は事実上断絶してしまう事となった。
- Her son, the Emperor Shomu, however, failed to produce single male heir after the Prince Asaka died, which, coupled with power struggle between the Fujiwara family and other noble families, practically led to the extinction of the lineage of the Emperor Tenmu, less than 20 years from the emperor's demise.
- 鷹司 繋子(たかつかさ つなこ、寛政10年2月1日 (旧暦)(1798年3月17日) - 文政6年4月4日 (旧暦)(1823年5月14日))、のちの贈皇后 繋子は、江戸時代後期の仁孝天皇の女御。
- Tsunako TAKATSUKASA (March 17, 1798 - May 14, 1823), later Zokogo (a title of empress given after her death) Tsunako, was the nyogo (a court title of the Emperor's consort) of the Emperor Ninko during the late Edo period.
- 本願寺は依然として雑賀衆などの支援を集めつつ強勢を保ったが、次第に敵中に孤立していき、1580年、ついに正親町天皇の勅命を引き出した信長に屈して石山本願寺を退去し、領主権力としての本願寺は消滅した。
- Hongan-ji Temple retained its predominance by gaining support from Saikashu, but gradually it was isolated in the midst of enemies, ultimately succumbing to Nobunaga, who withdrew imperial command from the Emperor Ogimachi and left Ishiyama Honganji Temple in 1580, whereby Hongan-ji Temple as seigniory was extinguished.
- 聖武天皇朝になると、神亀6年(729年)長屋王の変により政権を掌握し、藤原四兄弟藤原四子政権でも中心人物として政権を主導したが、天平9年(737年)の天然痘蔓延により他の兄弟とともに病没してしまう。
- During the era of Emperor Shomu, Fusasaki gained political power after the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao) in 729 and controlled the political power as a pivotal figure, particularly among the political power by the four Fujiwara brothers, but he died in 737 together with other brothers due to the spread of smallpox.
- 後水尾天皇の側近だった西洞院時直(従二位・参議)(1584年 - 1636年)は長兄、長谷家の祖長谷忠康(正三位・民部省)(1612年 - 1669年)及び交野家の祖交野時貞(大膳職)は弟に当たる。
- Tokitsune's brothers were: Tokinao NISHINOTOIN (Sangi, Junii) (1584-1636) who was a close retainer of the Emperor Gomizuno (eldest brother); Tadayasu NAGATANI (Minbusho (Ministry of Popular Affairs), Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank)) (1612-1669), the founder of the Nagatani family (younger brother); and Tokisada KATANO (Daizenshiki (Office of the Palace Table)), the founder of the Katano family (younger brother).
- 古事記では迦具漏比売とされるが、彼女は実兄日本武尊の曾孫に当たり、生物学的に不可能である(現に、日本書紀では応神天皇の后となっているし、古事記でも彼の名前の重複が認められる)ことから誤記と思われる。
- In Kojiki (The Records of Ancient Matters), he was considered as Kagurohime, but since Kagurohime was a great-granddaughter of his real older brother, YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto, this was biologically impossible (it is actually described in Nihonshoki [the oldest chronicles of Japan] that she became the empress to Emperor Ojin, and his name is repeated in Kojiki, too).
- 同32年に皇后の日葉酢媛命(ひばすひめのみこと)が薨去した際、天皇は野見宿禰の進言に従って人・馬などの土物(はにもの)を墓に立てて代替とすることを命じ、以後これが慣例になったという(埴輪の起源譚)。
- When his empress Hibasuhime no mikoto passed away in 3 A.D., by the advise of Nomi no Sukune, the Emperor ordered Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) of people, horses, and so on to be placed in the grave as the substitute for junshi, and since then, it this became the usual practice (the origin of Haniwa).
- 公宗は北条氏の残党である北条泰家(時興)を匿い、建武の新政を開始した後醍醐天皇を暗殺し、持明院統の後伏見上皇を擁立する謀叛を計画し、弟の西園寺公重の密告で計画が露見した事により公宗は逮捕、処刑される。
- Kinmune harbored Yasuie HOJO, who was a remnant of the Hojo clan, the assassinated Emperor Godaigo, who had started Kenmu-no-shinsei; plotted a rebellion to back the ex-emperor Gofushimi of Jimyoin-to genealogy; and was arrested and executed, the plot having been exposed by the betrayal of Kinmune's younger brother, Kinshige SAIONJI.
- 慶雲2年(705年)4月11日兄忍壁皇子が、天平13年(741年)3月28日姉泊瀬部皇女が死亡するが、天武天皇の子女の中ではもっとも長生きし、当耆皇女自身は天平勝宝3年(751年)1月25日に死亡した。
- After Osakabe no miko (the Prince Osakabe), who was her older brother, died on May 12, 705, and Hatsusebe no himemiko, who was her older sister, died on April 22, 741, she died on March 1, 751, as the child who lived the longest among the children of the Emperor Tenmu.
- 鎌倉時代後期には、8代新田義貞が後醍醐天皇の倒幕運動に従い挙兵、源義国流の同族にして北条氏と重代の姻戚の最有力御家人足利尊氏(後の尊氏)の嫡男千寿王(後の足利義詮)を加えて鎌倉を攻め、幕府を滅亡させる。
- In the late Kamakura period, the eighth family head, Yoshisada NITTA, following the movement to overthrow the bakufu by the Emperor Godaigo, raised an army and attacked Kamakura, while adding Senjuo (later Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), the legitimate son of Takauji ASHIKAGA who was the most dominant gokenin coming from the same family descended from Yoshikuni with a matrimonial relation with the Hojo clan for generations, and overthrew the bakufu.
- 更に翌宝亀4年10月19日 (旧暦)には井上内親王が難波内親王(光仁天皇の同母姉)を呪い殺したという容疑を受けて、他戸親王は母とともに庶人とされて、大和国宇智郡(現在の奈良県五條市)没官の邸に幽閉された。
- On November 13, 773, Imperial Princess Inoe was accused of cursing the Imperial Princess Naniwa (older maternal half-sister of Emperor Konin) and Imperial Prince Osane and his mother were confined in a confiscated house in Uchi district, Yamato province (current Gojo city, Nara prefecture).
- しかし、菅原道真の死後、相次ぐ天変地異や、道真を左遷に追い込んだ藤原時平の子孫たちの相次ぐ急死、更には930年の清涼殿落雷事件による醍醐天皇崩御等という凶事を理由に、間もなく彼の子孫は朝廷に呼び戻された。
- However, when Sugawara no Michizane's death was followed by a series of tragic accidents and natural disasters, with a number of descendants of Fujiwara no Tokihira who had slandered Michinaga dying suddenly in succession and the Emperor Daigo being killed in the Seiryo-Den lightening strike of 930, Michinaga's descendents were quickly called back to Court.
- 室町時代になって、北朝_(日本)の貞治4年(1365年)に一条経通が没すると、一条家に次ぐ勢力であった九条経教は後光厳天皇に対して経通の息子である一条房経が不当に「家長者」を名乗っていると訴えたのである。
- When Tsunemichi ICHIJO died in 1365 (the Hokucho period), during the Muromachi era, Tsunenori KUJO--who had gained the second position of power after the Ichijo Family--made an appeal to the Emperor Gokogon that Fusatsune ICHIJO, a son of Tsunemichi, had fraudulently identified himself as the head of family.
- その一方で妃の存在は、外戚としての政治参加を期待する藤原氏のような貴族にとっては障害となる制度であり、実際に藤原基経の娘藤原穏子の醍醐天皇への入内が為子内親王が妃であることを理由に阻まれたと言われている。
- On the other hand, the presence of Hi was an obstacle to nobles like Fujiwara clan who were expecting to participate in politics as a maternal relative, and actually a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune, FUJIWARA no Onshi was blocked to enter into the court because the Imperial Princess Ishi was Hi.
- 後水尾天皇の側近だった西洞院時直(従二位・参議)(1584年 - 1636年)及び平松時庸(ときつね)(従二位・権中納言)(1599年 - 1654年)を兄とし、交野家の祖交野時貞(大膳大夫)は弟にあたる。
- Tokinao NISHINOTOIN (Junii Sangi) (1584 - 1636), who was a close retainer of Emperor Gomizunoo, and Tokitsune HIRAMATSU (Junii Gon Chunagon, or Junior Second Rank, Provisional Vice-Councilor of State) (1599 -1654) were his elder brothers; Tokisada KATANO (Daizen no daibu, or Master of the Palace Table), the founder of the Katano family, was his younger brother.
- 鎌倉時代末期に当主となった佐々木道誉(高氏)は、朝廷で検非違使、鎌倉幕府で御相伴衆を務めていたが、元弘3年(1333年)に後醍醐天皇の綸旨を受けた足利尊氏が倒幕の兵を挙げると、それに寄与し建武の新政に加わる。
- Doyo SASAKI (Takauji) who became the family head, at the end of the Kamakura period, worked as Kebiishi, officers having function of police and judge, in the Imperial court and as gosobanshu, an advisor in the Kamakura bakufu, but in 1333 when Takauji ASHIKAGA received the order from the Emperor Godaigo to topple the bakufu, Doyo contributed to it and was involved in the new administration.
- その後、京都に上洛して旧知の仲にあった西園寺公宗の屋敷に潜伏し、1335年6月に公宗と共に後醍醐天皇暗殺や北条氏残党による幕府再挙を図って挙兵しようと計画を企んだが、事前に計画が露見して公宗は殺されてしまった。
- He went to Kyoto and hid in the residence of Kimmune SAIONJI who was an old ally, and they plotted to assassinate the Emperor Godaigo and take up arms to reinstate the shogunate with the remnants of the Hojo clan in June 1335, but the plot was exposed before they could act and Kimmune was killed.
- 住友の姓は、戦国の末、もともと先祖に順美平内友定という人物がおり、桓武天皇の曾孫・高望王の二十二代目にその子・小太郎(忠重)が父の姓と名をとって「住友」の姓を称して室町将軍に仕えて、備中守に任じられたのに始まる。
- The surname of Sumitomo originates from Kotaro (Tadashige), the twenty-second-generation descendant of Takamochi-oh, a great grandson of Emperor Kanmu, who took the surname 'Sumitomo' after the surname and given name of his father, Masami Hirauchi Tomosada, who lived at the end of the Sengoku period; and Kotaro served Shogun Muromachi and was appointed as the Bichumori guard.
- 鷹司 祺子(たかつかさ やすこ、文化 (元号)8年2月25日 (旧暦)(1811年3月19日) - 弘化4年10月13日 (旧暦)(1847年11月20日))、のちの皇太后 祺子は、江戸時代後期の仁孝天皇の女御。
- Yasuko TAKATSUKASA (March 19, 1811 - November 20, 1847), later the Empress Dowager Yasuko, was the nyogo (a court title of the emperor's consort) of the Emperor Ninko during the late Edo period.
- 序列は近衛家に次ぎ、九条家、二条家、鷹司家と同格扱いであった(なお、九条家とは南北朝時代_(日本)に嫡流を巡って相論となったが、後光厳天皇によりいずれも嫡流であるとの綸旨が下された。詳細は九条家の項目を参照のこと)。
- As for the ranking, the Ichijo Family was inferior to the Konoe Family but was equal to the Kujo, Nijo and Takatsukasa families (the Ichijo Family was opposed to the Kujo Family over the legitimate blood of the family during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), so the Emperor Go-Kogen gave the imperial order that both family lines should be the legitimate blood of the family. For details, see the item on the Kujo Family).
- 決定的とは認知されていない説だが、『魏略』には現在の半年を当時の日本が一年として数えていたという『倍年説』を基に歴史を再計算しその結果、神武天皇の即位は西暦181年であり、寿命は127歳の半分の63歳であったと主張している。
- It is not recognized as conclusive, but he recalculated years of the history according to 'Double Year Theory' which says in 'Weilue (Brief Account of the Wei Dynasty)', a half year of the present was counted as a year at that time in Japan, and as a result, he asserts that Emperor Jinmu was enthroned in 181 and his life duration was 63 years, half of 127 years.
- 正平8年/文和2年(1353年)には侍所司を務めていた秀綱が、京を追われた後光厳天皇、足利義詮らを護衛している最中に討たれ、正平17年/貞治元年(1362年)には摂津神崎橋での戦いで、秀綱の子である佐々木秀詮兄弟が討たれる。
- In 1353, Hidetsuna who took the position of Samurai-dokoro no tsukasa (the officer of the Board of Retainers) was killed while protecting Emperor Gokogon, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, and others who were expelled from Kyoto, and in 1362 the hideakira SASAKI brothers, who were sons of Hidetsuna, were killed in the battle of Settsu Kanzaki-bashi bridge.
- 「平」という名称の由来は不明であるが、もっとも有力な説は太田亮が唱えて藤木邦彦・佐伯有清らが発展させた説で、最初の平氏であった桓武平氏の祖である桓武天皇が建設した平安京にちなんで「平(和訓多比良)」と名づけたとするものである。
- While the origin of the name 'Taira' is unknown, the most influential theory proposed by Akira OTA and developed by Kunihiko FUJIKI, Arikiyo SAEKI and others, states that 'Taira' derives from a Japanese reading of the kanji character '平' in '平安京,' the ancient capital in present-day Kyoto which was built by the Emperor Kanmu, an ancestor of the first Taira clan, Kanmu-Heishi.
- また、同年に宮内大輔の吉井友実が以前に社長を務めていた日本鉄道の上野駅-高崎駅間開通式典に出席した際に、明治天皇は出席に乗り気ではなく天気も一日中雨であったが、皇后は終始笑顔で応対し吉井を感激させた(吉井の宮島誠一郎宛書簡)。
- Also in the same year, when Empress Dowager Shoken attended the opening ceremony of Nippon Railway Ueno Station – Takasaki Station, which Tomozane YOSHII who was the Kunai-taifu (post of Imperial Household Ministry) used to be president of, the empress handled the event with a smile throughout the whole time even though Emperor Meiji did not show much enthusiasm to attend and it was raining all day; YOSHII was greatly touched because of this (a letter written by YOSHII to Seiichi MIYAJIMA).
- その後奈良時代後期~平安時代初期にかけては、光仁天皇朝で房前の子である藤原永手・藤原魚名が左大臣となるも、永手の嫡男藤原家依は早逝し、魚名は氷上川継の乱に連座して失脚したこともあり、藤原南家・藤原式家に押されがちの状態にあった。
- Thereafter, from the late Nara period through the early Heian period the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan had been losing ground to the Southern House of the Fujiwara clan and the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, partly because although Fusasaki's sons, FUJIWARA no Nagate and FUJIWARA no Uona, became ministers of the left in the era of Emperor Konin, Nagate's heir, FUJIWARA no Oyori, died young and Uona was involved in HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's war, whereupon he fell from power.
- しかしながら、続く平城天皇朝の大同2年(807年)に当時政権№2,3の座にあった、藤原雄友(是公の子:大納言)・藤原乙叡(継縄の子:中納言)が伊予親王の変により失脚し、仲麻呂に続き、豊成・乙麻呂の系統も中央貴族としては衰退した。
- However, in 807, during the era of Emperor Heijo, FUJIWARA no Otomo (son of the Korekimi, or Dainagon (chief councilor of state)) and FUJIWARA no otoei/Tadatoshi (son of the Tsugutada, or Chunagon (vice-councilor of state)), who were in the second and third positions of the political power at the time, fell from power as a result of Iyo Shinno no Hen (the Conspiracy of Imperial Prince Iyo), whereby the family lines of Toyonari and Otomaro declined as the central nobility, followed by the fall of Nakamaro.
- この時期には令制国やそこに設置された牧(御厩)からのウマの貢馬が滞りがちとなり、更に太政官において軍権を握った最高責任者の藤原仲麻呂が乱を起こす(藤原仲麻呂の乱)など、天皇を守るための直轄の軍備の必要性が唱えられた時期であった。
- At this time the supply of horses from Ryoseikoku and Mimaki tended to stagnate, and also a chief executive, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, who had a tight grip on military power in the Dajokan, caused a war (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War), so it was a time when the necessity to keep armaments under the direct control of those defending the emperor had been refuted.
- 石井家設立が上のように複雑な経緯をたどったのは、初代・行豊は正二位・権中納言・平松時量(1627年〜1704年)を実父とするが、養子先である石井局の勤務を後水尾天皇及び東福門院がねぎらうという形で行豊に新家の創設を認めたためである。
- There was a rather complex background to the establishment of the Iwai family as follows; though the first Yukitoyo was a son of Tokitsune HIRAMATSU of the Shonii Gon Chunagon (Senior Second Rank, Provisional Vice-Councilor of State) (1627 -1704), Emperor Gomizunoo and Tofukumonin allowed Yukitoyo to establish a new family in appreciation of his service in his adoptive family, Iwai no tsubone.
- その後、用明天皇が2年ほど皇位に在ったが、用明2年4月乙巳朔癸丑(旧暦4月9日 (旧暦)『古事記』では4月15日 (旧暦))(587年)に病没後、穴穂部皇子を推す物部守屋と泊瀬部皇子を支持する蘇我馬子が戦い、蘇我氏の勝利に終わった。
- Thereafter, Emperor Yomei held the Imperial Throne for about 2 years but, after he died of illness on May 21, 587, MONONOBE no Moriya, who endorsed Prince Anahobe, fought with SOGA no Umako, who supported Prince Hatsusebe, ending in the victory of the Soga clan.
- 当初は宮中儀礼において必要に応じて定められた地位であったが、後に皇女の優遇のために置かれるようになり、天皇と配偶関係にない皇女が准母・皇后として冊立された例も多い(これを准母立后と称し、このように后となった内親王を尊称皇后とも呼ぶ)。
- At first junbo was the status which was named accordingly in court ceremony, later it was put to give good treatment to imperial princesses, and there were many examples that imperial princesses who were not married to the emperor were named as a junbo and empress (it is called junbo-rikko [investiture of junbo and empress], and an imperial princess who became an empress in this way is also called a Sonsho kogo [honorific empress who is not a wife of the emperor]).
- この言葉は、弘仁6年(815年)に朝廷が編纂した古代氏族の系譜集『新撰姓氏録』が、皇別(天皇・皇子の子孫)・神別(天津神・国津神の子孫)・諸蕃(朝鮮半島・中国大陸から渡来した人々の子孫)の3種に氏族を分類していることにちなむ造語である。
- The word 'Kobetsu Sekke' is originally coined by 'Shinsen Shojiroku'(Newly Complied Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), the pedigree record of ancient cognate clans edited by the Imperial Court in 815 which classified clans into three types: Kobetsu (descendants of emperors and princes), Shinbetsu (descendants of Amatsukami [heavenly god] and Kunitsukami [god of the land]), and Shoban (descendants of migrants from Korean Peninsula and the Chinese Continent).
- なお、『新撰姓氏録』左京皇別に敏達天皇の孫として見える「百済王 (皇族)(くたらのみこ)」も彦人大兄皇子の子であることは確実だが、『古事記』に掲げられた系譜には見えないため、多良王(久多良王の久が脱落)や茅渟王と同一人に考える説がある。
- It is certain that Kutarano Miko was reported in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility) as a grandson of the Emperor Bidatsu on Sakyo Kobetsu (clans branched out from the Imperial Family) was a son of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko, but since his name was not mentioned in the genealogy in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), there is a theory that Kutara no Miko was the same person as Tara no Miko (Ku from Kutara was dropped) and Chinu no Okimi.
- ちなみに公望は、西園寺家の家業である筈の琵琶の演奏が苦手であったが、首相在任中に明治天皇から悪戯半分に「久しぶりに西園寺家の琵琶が聞きたい」と言われ、宮内省の雅楽寮の職員と琵琶の共演をさせられて四苦八苦したというエピソードが伝わっている。
- There is an anecdote that Kinmochi was not good at playing the biwa Japanese lute, which should have been the family business of the Saionji Family, and during Kinmochi's time in office as prime minister, the Emperor Meiji said out of mischief to Kinmochi, 'For the first time in a long while, I would like to listen to biwa Japanese lute,' and therefore he was forced to play the biwa Japanese lute in dire distress together with the officials of Utaryo in the Imperial Household Ministry.
- これに対して天皇は、当時の九条家の政治的地位を考慮し、同年11月29日_(旧暦)に九条家に対して綸旨を下し、道家の遺志はあくまでも一門上首による家長者の継承であり、その資格を有する九条家と一条家は嫡流としての同格であると裁決したのである。
- Considering the political position of the Kujo Family at that time, the emperor gave Rinji to the Kujo Family on November 29 (lunar calendar), in the same year giving the verdict that the will of Michiie was no more than the inheritance of the head of a family by the head of a clan and that the Kujo and Ichijo families, both having the qualification, were on equal footing as legitimate blood.
- 天智天皇皇玄孫(四世王)の市原王(いちはらのおおきみ、いちはらおう)に嫁し、五百井女王(いおいのおおきみ、いおいじょおう、生年不詳)・五百枝王(いおえのおおきみ、いおえおう、760年生まれ、のち春原朝臣の氏姓を賜与され臣籍降下)を儲ける。
- She married Ichihara no okimi who was a great-great grandson of the Emperor Tenchi (fourth generation after the Emperor Tenchi) and had Ioi no Joo (year of birth unknown) and Ioe no okimi (born in 760, later he was granted the name of Harubara no Asomi [asomi: second highest of the eight hereditary titles] and demoted from the nobility to subject).
- 皇別とは弘仁6年(815年)に朝廷が編纂した古代氏族の系譜集『新撰姓氏録』が、皇別(天皇・皇子の子孫)・神別(天津神・国津神の子孫)・諸蕃(朝鮮半島・中国大陸その他から渡来した人々の子孫)の3種に氏族を分類していることにちなむ用語である。
- Kobetsu is a term associated with the classifications of three kinds of shizokus, namely Kobetsu (descendents of Emperors and Imperial Princes), Shinbetsu (descendents of Amatsukami [god of heaven] and Kunitsukami [god of the land]), and Shoban (descendents of immigrants from Korean Peninsula, Mainland China, and other areas) described in 'Shinsen Shojiroku (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), a genealogy of ancient cognate clans compiled by the Chotei (Imperial Court) in 815.
- また、信房の娘の鷹司孝子が徳川家光の正室となったことから、弟である鷹司信平は、鷹司松平家を名乗ることが許され、天皇に仕える公家から、徳川家の旗本へと転身した、この武家の鷹司家は、代を重ねるごとに加増され、最終的には上野国吉井藩主家となった。
- Because Takako TAKATSUKASA, the daughter of Nobufusa, became a legitimate wife of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, her younger brother Nobuhira TAKATSUKASA was allowed to refer to himself as being of the Takatsukasa-Matsudaira Family, and he changed his social status from a court noble who served the Emperor to a hatamoto (a direct vassal of the shogun) of the Tokugawa family; the Takatsukasa Family, a samurai family, had been promoted over generations and ultimately became the house of the lord of the domain of Yoshii, in Kozuke Province.
- 実頼の子孫は、次男の関白太政大臣藤原頼忠(廉義公)と養子の右大臣藤原実資(3男藤原斉敏の子)が大臣になったものの、師輔の子孫の九条流が摂家嫡流になったため次第に傍流に追いやられ、白河天皇院近臣として活躍した藤原経平・藤原通俊以後衰退していった。
- Although the second son and the adopted son of Saneyori, Kanpaku Daijo-daijin (Chief Adviser to the Emperor and Grand Minister) FUJIWARA no Yoritada (aka. 'Rengiko') and Minister of Right FUJIWARA no Sanesuke (the son of FUJIWARA no Tadatoshi, the third son of Saneyori), respectively, became Daijin (ministers), the descendants of Saneyori were gradually sidelined because the Kujo line, descendants of Morosuke, was authorized as a legitimate line of Sekke (line of regents), and Saneyori's descendants, after the reign of FUJIWARA no Tsunehira and FUJIWARA no Michitoshi, who flourished as heavyweights of the Retired Emperor Shirakawa, faded into obscurity.
- 後水尾天皇の側近だった西洞院時直(従二位・参議)(1584年 - 1636年)、平松時庸(ときつね)(従二位・権中納言)(1599年 - 1654年)及び、長谷家の祖長谷忠康(正三位・民部大輔)(1612年 - 1669年)はいずれも兄に当たる。
- Tokinao NISHINOTOIN (Junii Sangi) (1584 -1636), who was a close retainer of Emperor Gomizunoo, Tokitsune HIRAMATSU (Junii Gon Chunagon, or Junior Second Rank, Provisional Vice-Councilor of State) (1599 - 1654), and Tadayasu NAGATANI (Shosanmi Minbu taifu, or Senior Third Rank, Senior Assistant Minister of Popular Affairs) (1612 -1669), who was the founder of the Nagatani family, were his brothers.
- かくして、山部親王が皇太子に立てられてやがて桓武天皇として即位する事になるものの、他戸親王の死後には天変地異が相次ぎ、更に宝亀10年(779年)には周防国で親王の偽者が現れるなど、「他戸親王の怨霊」が光仁・桓武両朝を悩ませる事になっていくのである。
- After Imperial Prince Yamanobe became Crown Prince and later Emperor Kanmu, a number of natural disasters occurred after the death of Imperial Prince Osabe and an imposter of the Imperial crown prince appeared in Suo Province in 779, both Emperor Konin and Emperor Kanmu were troubled by 'the vengeful spirit of Imperial crown Osabe.'
- 蘇我蝦夷が山背大兄王を避けた理由については、山背大兄王がまだ若く未熟であった、あるいは山背大兄王の人望を嫌ったという説と、推古天皇に続いて蘇我氏系の皇族である山背大兄王を擁立することで反蘇我氏勢力との対立が深まる事を避けたかったためという説がある。
- There are a couple of theories as to why SOGA no Emishi blocked Prince Yamashiro no oe in his bid for the Imperial Throne; one is that Prince Yamashiro no oe was still young and immature and hated Prince Yashiro no oe's popularity and the other one was that he had to avoid further confrontation with anti- Soga clan forces by allowing the ascent of Prince Yamashiro no oe since the imperial family and the subsequent emperor Suiko were supported by the Soga clan.
- 更にその五摂家の当主ですら幕府が摂政・関白の任命権を事実上掌握している以上、幕府の意向に反する事は出来なかったために、その結果、幕府→摂家・武家伝奏(最大でも5+4名)→天皇及び諸公家という幕府にとっては非常に効率の良い朝廷統制の仕組みが完成した。
- Moreover, as long as the bakufu virtually controlled the right of appointment of regent or chief advisor to the Emperor, even the family head of the Gosekke could not oppose the intention of the bakufu, and the system for controlling the Imperial Court, which was the orderly sequence from the bakufu through the sekke/samurai families (five plus four people at most) to the Emperor and each court noble, was thereby established as an extremely efficient system for the bakufu.
- 忍坂部や丸子部といった押坂彦人大兄皇子伝来の私領は「皇祖大兄御名入部」と呼ばれて、以後も息子である舒明から孫の中大兄皇子(後の天智天皇)らへと引き継がれて、大化の改新後に国家に返納された(『日本書紀』大化2年3月20日_(旧暦)条)と考えられている。
- Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's hereditary private properties such as Otsusakabe and Marukobe were called '皇祖大兄御名入部,' and handed over to his son of the Emperor Jomei and the grandson of Naka no Oe no Oji (later the Emperor Tenchi), and it is believed that such private properties were returned to the nation after Taika no Kaishin (the Great Reformation of the Taika Era) (April 13, 646 section in 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]).
- 磐坂皇子(いわさかのみこ)・磐坂市辺押羽皇子・天万国万押磐尊(あめよろずくによろずおしはのみこと、以上『日本書紀』)・市辺之忍歯王・市辺忍歯別王(いちのへのおしはわけのみこ、以上『古事記』)・市辺天皇命(いちのへのすめらみこと、『播磨国風土記』)とも。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was also know as: Iwasaka no Miko, Iwasaka no Ichinobe no Oshiha Oji, and Ameyorozukuni Yorozuoshiha no Mikoto (all of above were written in 'Nihonshoki'); and Ichinohe no Oshiha O and Ichinohe no Oshihawake no Miko (all of above were written In the 'Kojiki'); Ichinohe no Sumera Mikoto was written in the 'Harimanokuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Harima Province).
- ただし、『一代要記』や『本朝皇胤紹運録』を基に逆算される舒明の生年(593年)とその弟の存在を考えると、592年の推古天皇即位後もしばらく生存していたはずで、非蘇我系の王位継承候補者として、蘇我系の竹田皇子や聖徳太子と比肩し得る地位を保っていたと思われる。
- But he must have been alive for a while after the Empress Suiko was enthroned in 592, according to the birth year of the Emperor Jomei, calculated back based on 'Ichidai Yoki (summary chronicle of each reign), 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) and the existence of his brother; it is assumed that he held the equal power as a candidate of the successor to the throne with Takeda no miko, the Soga clan origin, and the Prince Shotoku.
- 三室戸敬光は昭和初期に貴族院 (日本)議員(会派は研究会)に互選され、特に1935年(昭和10年)に起こったいわゆる天皇機関説問題に際して、男爵菊池武夫 (陸軍軍人)議員とともに美濃部達吉を追求し辞職に追い込み、さらには国体明徴声明を岡田内閣に出させている。
- During the early Showa period, Yukimitsu MIMURODO was elected a member of the House of Peers (belonging to the group 'Kenkyukai') through mutual election; and in a dispute over the 'Emperor as an organ of government Theory' started in 1935, Yukimitsu, together with another member of the House, Baron Takeo KIKUCHI (a Japanese Imperial Army soldier), questioned Tatsukichi MINOBE, the advocate of the theory, and forced him to resign from the House of Peers, and also, made the Okada Cabinet to issue the Kokutai Meicho proclamation.
- しかし、5年後の祟峻5年11月癸卯朔乙巳(旧暦11月3日 (旧暦))(592年)には崇峻天皇が馬子の指図によって暗殺されてしまい、翌月である12月壬申朔己卯(旧暦12月8日 (旧暦))に、先々代の皇后であった額田部皇女が、馬子に請われて、豊浦宮において即位した。
- However, after five years, on December 12, 592, Emperor Sushun was assassinated by instruction of Umako and next month, on January 15, 593, Princess Nukatabe, the empress-before-last, was begged by Umako to be enthroned at the Imperial Palace of Toyoura.
- 折口信夫の解釈によれば、飯豊皇女は巫女であるか、ないしはそれに近い神秘的な人物であり、執政していたのではなく、清寧天皇崩御後に、巫女として「誰に皇位についてもらうべきか」と神託を仰がれて、その段階ではまだ発見されていなかった億計尊・弘計尊の兄弟の名を託宣したのだという。
- According to Shinobu ORIGUCHI's interpretation, Iitoyo no himemiko was a miko or a mysterious figure near to it, and she did not administer but was asked for shintaku (oracle) 'who should be on the throne,' after the demise of Emperor Seinei, and she delivered an oracle of the name of Oke no mikoto brothers who had not been found at that stage.
- これに抗した河内源氏流の坂東源氏・源頼朝が平氏を追討して東国に鎌倉幕府を開き、さらに後醍醐天皇の意向を受けた新田義貞・足利尊氏が坂東平氏に乗っ取られた鎌倉幕府を倒して新たな中央政権樹立に貢献したこと、さらに鎌倉幕府・室町幕府・江戸幕府揃って坂東源氏の政権であったことなどあった。
- After MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who was descended from the Bando-Genji line of the Kawachi-Genji, rebelled against and defeated the Taira clan, he founded the Kamakura bakufu in Togoku, but Yoshisada NITTA and Takauji ASHIKAGA, under orders from Emperor Godaigo, toppled the Kamakura bakufu, which had been taken over by the Bando-Heishi, and contributed to the establishment of a new central government; moreover, the Kamakura, Muromachi and Edo bakufu were feudal governments administered by the Bando-Genji.
- 「思想取締りの秘密警察は現在なお活動を続けており、反皇室的宣伝を行う共産主義者は容赦なく逮捕する。……さらに共産党員であるものは拘禁を続ける……政府形体の変革、とくに天皇制廃止を主張するものは、すべて共産主義者と考え、治安維持法によって逮捕する」 内務大臣山崎巌、1945年10月。
- The secret police to control public opinions are steel active and we will arrest the communists who advocate the anti-imperial family movement mercilessly; also we will keep the communists locked up; anyone who insists on the transformation of the current political system or abolition of the Tennosei are to be considered as communists and will be arrested under the Public Peace Preservation Act.' October 1945, the Minister of Home Affairs Iwao YAMAZAKI
- 「我らの信仰に依れば、人類の思想信仰の統一は結局人類が日本国体の霊力に目醒めた時初めて達成せられる。更に端的に云えば、現人神(あらひとがみ)たる天皇の御存在が世界統一の霊力である。しかも世界人類をしてこの信仰に達せしむるには日本民族、日本国家の正しき行動なくしては空想に終る。」とも主張した。
- He also said 'According to our belief, the unifying human belief is only possible when all the people in the world realize the spiritual power of Japan's national identity. To put it briefly, the existence of the Emperor (Arahitogami) as the spiritual power for the unified world. To make people all over the world believe this, we have to behave well as people and as a nation; otherwise it will end as a dream.'
- その背景には皇太后が実子の竹田皇子の擁立を願ったものの、敏達の最初の皇后が生んだ押坂彦人大兄皇子(舒明天皇の父)の擁立論が蘇我氏に反対する勢力を中心に強まったために、馬子と皇太后がその動きを抑えるために竹田皇子への中継ぎとして即位したのだと言われている(だが、竹田皇子は間もなく死去してしまう)。
- Behind this, there is a story that the Empress Dowager hoped for enthronement of her biological son Prince Takeda, but because an opinion for enthronement of OSHISAKA no Hikohito no Oenomiko became stronger, centering around the opponents of the Soga clan and, in order to suppress that movement, Umako and the Empress Dowager decided that she be enthroned (however, before long, Prince Takeda passed away).
- 源顕房の娘・藤原賢子が産んだ堀河天皇の治世では、「左右大臣、左右大将、源氏同時に相並ぶ例、未だ此の事あらず」(『中右記』寛治7年(1093年)12月27日条)、「近代公卿廿四人、源氏の人半ばを過ぎるか、未だ此の如き事あらんか」(『中右記』康和4年(1102年)6月23日条)とあるように外戚として隆盛を極めた。
- As maternal relatives, Morofusa's descendants were at the height of their prosperity during the reign of Emperor Horikawa, who was a biological son of MINAMOTO no Akifusa's daughter, FUJIWARA no Kenshi, as can be seen from 'members of the Minamoto clan positioned side by side as the Minister of the Left and the Minister of the Right, as well as the Major Captain of the Left and the Right Divisions of Inner Palace Guards, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of January 22, 1094) and from 'there are 24 modern-day kugyo (court nobility), of which more than half are from the Minamoto clan, which has never happened before' ('Chuyuki' (diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), the article of written on August 15, 1102).
- 正暦2年(991年)に最初の女院となった東三条院藤原詮子の待遇を定めるについては、まったく前例がない新儀であったことと、一条天皇の生母ではあるが、皇后の経歴がないために権威において一段劣る彼女をあえて后位よりも上位に位置づける必要があったことから、上皇の待遇が参考とされ、これがその後の女院の待遇の先例となった。
- In the decision of the treatment of Higashisanjoin FUJIWARA no Senshi who became the first nyoin in 991, the treatment of Joko was taken into account to decide her treatment because it was an unprecedented procedure and it was necessary to rank her, who was the real mother of Emperor Ichijo but inferior in authority to the Empress due to lack of the career as an empress, above the Empress, and that became the precedent of the treatment of following nyoins.
- 最終的には後花園天皇の勅裁によって6ヶ所の所領全てを没収され、1ヶ所は唐橋在豊の子に与えられ、残り5ヶ所は松木家・四辻家(ただし、洞院家と所領交換される)などに5分割に処せられて断絶させられた(『建内記』嘉吉元年7月7日西暦1441年8月2日・10月2日西暦1441年11月24日12日1441年12月4日条)。
- The Tsuchimikado family ultimately became extinct because of an imperial decision made by Emperor Gohanazono, all of the six territories were confiscated and one of them was given to the child of Aritoyo KARAHASHI while the remaining five territories were divided among various families such as Matsunoki and Yotsutsuji (whose territory was subsequently exchanged with that of the Toin family) (as recorded in 'Kennaiki' on July 7, October 2 and 12, 1441).
- ずっと後のことではあるが、推古天皇32年(624年)、馬子が葛城県(馬子の本居(ウブスナ)とされる)の支配権を望んだ時、女帝は、「あなたは私の叔父ではあるが、だからといって、公の土地を私人に譲ってしまっては、後世の人には私が愚かな女だといわれ、一方であなたも、不忠だと謗られよう」と言って、この要求を拒絶したという。
- It is said that, long afterward in 624, when Umako hoped for the right to rule Katsuragi-ken Prefecture (which is said to be Umako's birthplace), she refused this demand by saying that 'even though you are my uncle, if I donate a public land to a private person, the future generation will call me a foolish woman and, on the other hand, they will criticize you as being disloyal.'
- 昭和21年(1946年)10月から昭和25年(1950年)12月まで、昭和天皇の「西洋の思想と習慣を学ぶ」という方針に従い、アメリカ合衆国の著名な児童文学者にしてクエーカー教徒のエリザベス・ヴァイニング(日本では「ヴァイニング夫人」として知られている。enElizabeth_Gray_Vining)が家庭教師として就き、その薫陶を受ける。
- Following the policy of the Emperor Showa, 'Learn the thought and custom of the West,' he studied from October 1946 to December 1950 under a Quaker enElizabeth_Gray_Vining, a famous juvenile literary person in the U.S. (in Japan, she was known as 'Mrs. Vining'), who was invited as a tutor.
- これに対して霊元上皇は他家にも伝わっているにも関わらず二条家の独占になっているのは相応の理由があるからであるとして、たとえ二条家当主が現職の摂関・大臣でなくても「即位灌頂」のみは二条家当主が行う事、もし当主が幼くして二条家を継いだ場合には儀式の秘法を知るもう一人の存在である当代の天皇が責任をもって当主に伝授する事を裁定して公式に二条家の独占となった。
- In reply to the argument, the retired Emperor Reigen reasoned that there should have been a substantial reason why the position had been dominated by the Nijo Family despite the fact that the accession to the throne had come down to the other families, and judged that even if the head of the Nijo Family was not the incumbent regent, chief adviser to the Emperor or minister, only the 'Sokui kanjo' should be administered by the head of the Nijo Family, and that in the case where the family head inherited the Nijo Family while still young, the Emperor (who was the other that knew mysticism of the ceremony) should give instructions to the family head, all of which resulted in the official domination of the position by the Nijo Family.