天: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- いい天気
- fine weather
- fair weather
- fine innocent weather
- 天皇の地位
- The Status of the Emperor
- 天皇の大権
- The Emperor's Authority
- 他田天皇。
- He was also called Emperor Wosada.
- 天皇の追号。
- A posthumous title of the Emperor
- 天皇制絶対主義
- Tennosei Absolutism
- 父は用明天皇。
- His father was the Emperor Yomei.
- 天皇の休息所。
- The Emperor's rest area
- 光格天皇は弟。
- The Emperor Kokaku was his younger brother.
- 舒明天皇の母。
- She was the mother of the Emperor Jomei.
- 大正天皇を参照
- Refers to Emperor Taisho.
- 明治天皇を参照
- Refer to Emperor Meiji.
- 昭和天皇を参照
- Refers to Emperor Showa.
- 文武天皇の姉。
- She was an older sister of Emperor Monmu.
- 天皇と倭の五王
- Emperors and the five kings of Wa
- 腫瘍随伴性天疱瘡
- paraneoplastic pemphigus
- 天寿国曼荼羅繍帳
- Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho
- 東山天皇の中宮。
- She was given the position 'Chugu' (the empress) of the Emperor Higashiyama.
- 文武天皇の夫人。
- She became a consort of the Emperor Monmu.
- 孝徳天皇の皇后。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Kotoku.
- 欽明天皇の皇女。
- She was a princess of the Emperor Kinmei.
- 太上天皇の称号。
- A title of Daijo Tenno (the Retired Emperor)
- 敏達天皇の皇女)
- The Imperial princess of the Emperor Bidatsu).
- (The Imperial princess of the Emperor Bidatsu)
- 天皇誕生日の日付
- The date of the Emperor's Birthday
- 霊元天皇の生母。
- She was the real mother of the Emperor Reigen.
- 景行天皇の皇子。
- Prince Oousu was a prince of the Emperor Keiko.
- 大正天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of Emperor Taisho
- 明治天皇の直宮家
- The Jikimiyake of Emperor Meiji
- 昭和天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of Emperor Showa
- 今上天皇の直宮家
- Jikimiyake of the present Emperor
- 聖武天皇の皇后。
- She was the Empress of Emperor Shomu.
- 継体天皇の長子。
- He was the eldest child of Emperor Keitai.
- 光仁天皇の皇子。
- He was the imperial prince of Emperor Konin.
- 後西天皇第八皇子。
- He was the eighth son of the Emperor Gosai.
- 光仁天皇第一皇女。
- She was the first princess of Emperor Konin.
- 桓武天皇の同母姉。
- She was an older sister-uterine of the Emperor Kanmu.
- 後光明天皇の生母。
- She was the real mother of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 雄略天皇の同母兄。
- He was an older brother of Emperor Yuryaku.
- 允恭天皇豪族出身説
- A Theory of Emperor Ingyo Being Gozoku
- 顕宗天皇の同母兄。
- He was an older brother of Emperor Kenzo.
- 元明天皇に関する歌
- Waka (poems) related to Empress Genmei
- 継体天皇の第二子。
- He was the second son of Emperor Keitai.
- 明治天皇の即位の礼
- Sokui no rei of Emperor Meiji
- 開化天皇の第3皇子。
- Prince Hikoimasu was the third Prince of the Emperor Kaika.
- 桃園天皇の第二皇子。
- He was the second son of Emperor Momozono.
- 後西天皇の第一皇子。
- He was the first son of the Emperor Gosai.
- 霊元天皇の第十皇子。
- He was the tenth son of the Emperor Reigen.
- 光格天皇の第4王子。
- He was the forth son of the Emperor Kokaku.
- 仁孝天皇の第6王子。
- He was the 6th son of the Emperor Ninko.
- 近代以降の天皇の称号
- The titles of Emperors in the modern times.
- 崇神天皇の第三皇子。
- He was the third prince of Emperor Sujin.
- 天智天皇の第二皇子。
- He was the second prince of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 仁徳天皇の第三皇子。
- He was the third son of Emperor Nintoku.
- 仁徳天皇の第一皇子。
- Oe no izahowake no mikoto (the future Emperor Richu) was the firstborn son of Emperor Nintoku.
- 允恭天皇の第二皇子。
- Emperor Anko is the second son (imperial prince) of Emperor Ingyo.
- 仁徳天皇の第四皇子。
- Oasazuma wakugo no sukune no miko (the future Emperor Ingyo) was the fourth son (prince) of Emperor Nintoku.
- 天智天皇の第四皇女。
- She was the fourth daughter of Emperor Tenchi (also read Tenji).
- 雄略天皇の第三皇子。
- Emperor Seinei was the third son (imperial prince) of Emperor Yuryaku.
- 欽明天皇の第四皇子。
- He was the fourth son of Emperor Kinmei.
- 天智天皇の第一皇子。
- He was the first Prince of Emperor Tenchi.
- 欽明天皇の第二皇子。
- He was the second imperial prince of Emperor Kinmei.
- 昭和天皇の第一皇子。
- He is the first prince of the late Emperor Showa.
- 後水尾天皇第11皇子。
- He was the 11th Prince of Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 後光明天皇の第一皇女。
- She was the first princess of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 橘諸兄 敏達天皇4世孫
- TACHIBANA no Moroe The 4th grandchild of the Emperor Bidatsu
- 平将門 桓武天皇5世孫
- TAIRA no Masakado The 5th grandchild of the Emperor Kanmu
- のちの桓武天皇である。
- This Prince later became Emperor Kanmu.
- 天皇は軍隊を統帥権する。
- The Emperor has the supreme command of the Army and Navy.
- 垂仁天皇の皇后 (前)。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Suinin (previous).
- 応神天皇の玄孫に当たる。
- Hikoushio was a great-great-grandchild of the Emperor Ojin.
- 武内宿禰 孝元天皇4世孫
- TAKENOUCHI no Sukune The 4th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen
- 在原業平 平城天皇2世孫
- ARIWARA no Narihira The 2nd grandchild of the Emperor Heizei (Heijo)
- 神功皇后 開化天皇5世孫
- Empress Jingu The 5th grandchild of the Emperor Kaika
- 後水尾天皇の後宮の一人。
- She was one of the consorts of the Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 天皇と皇太子が使用する。
- Red fans were used by the emperors and crown princes.
- 和銅元年戊申 天皇の御製
- A preface to the following waka goes: a poem composed by the Empress in 708.
- 憲法下の天皇制(皇室制度)
- Tennosei (Imperial System) under the Constitutions
- 国務大臣は天皇を輔弼する。
- The respective Ministers of State shall give their advice to the Emperor.
- 異母兄弟に孝元天皇がいる。
- The Emperor Kogen was his paternal half-brother of Princess Yamatototo Wakaya Hime.
- 天皇は7度召したと答えた。
- The Emperor Yuryaku answered, 'Seven Times.'
- 697年、文武天皇に嫁ぐ。
- She married the Emperor Monmu in 697.
- 応神天皇の異母兄に当たる。
- Imperial Prince Kagosaka was the elder paternal half brother of the Emperor Ojin.
- 舒明天皇の異母兄に当たる。
- He was an older paternal half-brother of the Emperor Jomei.
- 同母兄に、崇神天皇がいる。
- Emperor Sujin was his maternal half-brother.
- 同母兄に垂仁天皇らがいる。
- The Emperor Suinin was a maternal half-brother of Princess Kunikatahime
- The Emperor Suinin was a maternal half-brother of Princess Chichitsuku Ymatohime
- 同母弟に懿徳天皇らがいる。
- His younger maternal half-brothers include Emperor Itoku.
- 蘇我馬子 孝元天皇10世孫
- SOGA no Umako The 10th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen
- 垂仁天皇の同母弟に当たる。
- He was the younger maternal half-brother of Emperor Suinin.
- 清少納言 天武天皇10世孫
- Sei Shonagon; Seishonagon The 10th grandchild of the Emperor Tenmu
- 天皇とは28歳差であった。
- She was 28 years younger than the emperor.
- 異母兄弟に成務天皇がいる。
- The Emperor Seimu was a paternal half-brother of Prince Oousu.
- 彼は敏達天皇の嫡男だった。
- He was a legitimate son of the Emperor Bidatsu.
- 全て昭和天皇の弟宮である。
- All are Emperor Showa's younger brothers.
- 仁賢天皇は同母兄に当たる。
- Emperor Ninken is his older brother.
- 母は阿陪皇女(元明天皇)。
- His mother was Princess Ahe no himemiko (Empress Genmei).
- 「天神地祇もまた罰する。」
- The gods of heaven and earth will also punish us.'
- The gods of heaven and earth also will punish us.'
- 大正天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Taisho
- 昭和天皇の即位の礼・大嘗祭
- Sokui no rei and Daijo-sai festival of Emperor Showa
- 出自:履中天皇皇女か皇孫か。
- Place of origin: Emperor Richu's Princess or Imperial descendant?
- 妻は欽明天皇の皇女舎人皇女。
- His wife was Toneri no himemiko, the imperial princess of the Emperor Kinmei.
- 一部「天皇の間記念公園」移築
- A part of the Shiobara Goyotei, Tenno-no-ma (literally, Emperor's Chamber), was relocated and has been conserved in 'Emperor's Room Memorial Park.'
- 大正天皇即位による大礼使総裁。
- Then, he served the Taireishi Sousai (president of the administrative organization to oversee an imperial or state ceremony) as the president when the Emperor Taisho had his enthronement ceremony.
- 仁徳天皇2年(314年)立后。
- She became an Empress in 314.
- 天武天皇皇子の大津皇子の正妃。
- She was the lawful wife of Prince Otsu, a prince of Emperor Tenmu.
- 孝明天皇の猶子となり親王宣下。
- He became an adopted child of the Emperor Komei, and was given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 正妃:十市皇女(天武天皇皇女)
- His lawful wife was Tochi no Himemiko (also known as Toichi no Himemiko) (a daughter of Emperor Tenmu).
- 広国押武金日天皇、勾大兄皇子。
- He was also called Hirokunioshitakekanahi no Sumeramikoto or Magari no Oe no Miko.
- 継体天皇に譲位されて即位する。
- He ascended the throne after being handed it over from Emperor Keitai.
- 桓武天皇、能登内親王の同母弟。
- He was the younger maternal half-brother of Emperor Kanmu and Imperial Princess Noto.
- 兄に三原王、弟に淳仁天皇がいる。
- His older brother was Mihara no Okimi and his younger brother was the Emperor Junnin.
- 即位せず太上天皇待遇を受けた皇族
- The members of imperial family who received the treatment of Daijo tenno without ascending the throne.
- 父は舎人親王(天武天皇の皇子)。
- His father was the Imperial Prince Toneri (the prince of Emperor Temmu).
- 通達し、父の天皇から寵愛された。
- He attained proficient knowledge, and hus became favored by his father, the Emperor Ojin.
- この皇子は後の反正天皇にあたる。
- That Prince was later Emperor Hanzei.
- 孝霊天皇の皇子で、母は、絙某弟。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Korei, and his mother was Haeirodo.
- 敏達天皇の孫(『新撰姓氏録』)。
- He was a grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu ('Shinsen Shojiroku' [Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility]).
- 景行天皇の子で、母は八坂入媛命。
- He was the son of Emperor Keiko, and his mother was Yasakairibine no mikoto.
- うち末子の皇子が霊元天皇となる。
- The youngest prince became the Emperor Reigen.
- 天武天皇の夫人で、但馬皇女の母。
- Her husband was the Emperor Tenmu, and her daughter was Tajima no himemiko.
- 天皇や大臣などの高官に例がある。
- Some emperors and high officials such as ministers used this type of fan.
- 田村王(たむらのみこ、舒明天皇)
- Tamura no Miko (the Emperor Jomei)
- 昭和天皇親臨のうえ勅語を賜った。
- The Emperor Showa himself came to the banquet and made an Ordinance.
- 斎宮、のち第49代光仁天皇皇后。
- She served as Saigu (the ancient imperial princesses serving at the Ise-jingu Shrine) and later became the empress of the 45th Emperor Konin.
- 十八代反正天皇、丁丑(437年)
- 18th Emperor Hanzei, Hinoto-Ushi (437)
- 「絶対主義的天皇制」とも言われる。
- It is also called 'Absolute Tennosei' (Absolute Emperor System).
- 天武天皇の治下で吉備大宰を務めた。
- He was the province governor-general of Kibi Province under the Emperor Tenmu's reign.
- 天皇候補に名が挙がったことがある。
- He was once nominated for an heir to the Imperial throne.
- 舒明天皇の孫で、古人大兄皇子の娘。
- Her grandfather was the Emperor Jomei, and her father was Furuhito no Oe no Miko.
- 同母姉に大田皇女・持統天皇がいる。
- He had older sisters-uterine, Ota no himemiko and the Empress Jito.
- 日本の上皇については太上天皇参照。
- For joko in Japan, refer to the Daijo Tenno section.
- 仁徳天皇の皇子で、母は、磐之姫命。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Nintoku, and his mother was Iwanohime no mikoto.
- 履中天皇2年(401年)に立太子。
- The investiture of the Crown Prince was held in 401.
- 皇統とは、天皇の血統のことである。
- The Imperial lineage means the blood line of Emperors.
- 「三十三天、このことを証し知れ。」
- Sanjusanten (the thirty-three inhabitants of heaven), be a witness of the following:'
- Sanjusanten (a class of gods residing in the second of the six heavens into which the realm of desire is divided in Buddhist cosmology), witness this.
- 天平6年(734年)2月8日に薨去。
- She died on March 21, 734.
- 孝徳天皇の妃となり、有間皇子を生む。
- She married the Emperor Kotoku and had the Prince Arima.
- 景行天皇の皇子で、母は伊那毘若郎女。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Keiko and his mother was Inabi no wakairatsume.
- 天保11年1月16日、46歳で死去。
- Takako died at the age of 46 on February 18, 1840.
- 父は天武天皇、母は宍人臣大麻呂の女。
- His father was the Emperor Tenmu, and his mother was a daughter of Shishihito no omi Omaro.
- 仁徳天皇の皇子で、母は、日向髪長媛。
- He was the prince of Emperor Nintoku, and his mother was Himuka kaminagahime.
- 穴穂天皇・穴穂皇子(あなほのみこ)。
- He was also known as Anaho no Sumeramikoto (Emperor) or Anaho no Miko (Prince).
- 允恭天皇の名には奇妙な点が存在する。
- There is some peculiarity in the name of Emperor Ingyo.
- 天下太平であり、何事もなく在位5年。
- His era was peaceful and tranquil, and he reigned for five years without any incident.
- 草壁皇子(天武天皇第二皇子)の長子。
- He was the firstborn child of Prince Kusakabe no miko (the second son of Emperor Tenmu).
- 前代の敏達天皇が亡くなると即位した。
- When the predecessor Emperor Bidatsu died, Tachibana no Toyohi no mikoto ascended the throne, thus becoming Emperor Yomei.
- 母親は宣化天皇の皇女・皇后石姫皇女。
- His mother was the Imperial princess of Emperor Senka, Empress Ishihime no Yumemiko.
- 琉歌を詠んだ天皇は史上初めてである。
- He is the first emperor in history who composed Ryuka Traditional Okinawa Poem.
- しかし、同年11月に後桃園天皇が崩御。
- The Emperor Gomomozono passed away in November 1779.
- 天皇は国の元首にして統治権を総攬する。
- The Emperor was the head of the Empire, combining in Himself the rights of sovereignty, and the exercise of them.
- 翌年に天皇が崩じたが、太子は即位せず。
- The next year, the Emperor Ojin passed away, but the Crown Prince (Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko) did not ascend to the throne.
- 孝元天皇の男系来孫(古事記では玄孫)。
- She was the great great great grandchild (great-great-grandson in Kojiki [The Records of Ancient Matters]) of the male line of Emperor Kogen.
- 孝霊天皇の皇子で、母は絙某弟とされる。
- He was the Imperial prince of Emperor Korei, and his mother was Haeirodo.
- 天智7年(668年)2月、大后となる。
- In March, 668, she became the empress dowager.
- 皇帝、天皇の娘の場合は皇女と呼ばれる。
- A daughter of an emperor is called imperial princess.
- 帰京後、白壁王(光仁天皇)の妃になる。
- After returning to Kyoto, she became the wife of Shirakabe no okimi (Emperor Konin).
- 称制は、天智天皇と持統天皇の例がある。
- As the examples of the emperors who governed the nation without holding an enthronement ceremony, there are Emperor Tenchi and Empress Jito.
- 「もし違うことがあれば四天王が打つ。」
- If we break the promise, Shitenno (the Four Divas) will strike us.''
- If not, Shitenno (the big four) will beat us.'
- 'If we fail to do so, Shitenno (four guardian kings) will punish us.'
- Shitenno (four guardian kings) shall strike us down if the promise were broken.'
- 弘計王(おけのみこ、来目稚子・顕宗天皇)
- Prince Oke (Oke no Miko; also known as Kume no Wakugo, and the Emperor Kenzo)
- 父天皇の寵愛を受けて皇太子に立てられた。
- Although the Emperor Ojin, the prince's father, favored Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko and chose him as the Crown Prince.
- 記紀は継体を応神天皇の5世孫としている。
- According to Kiki ('A Record of Ancient Matter' and 'Chronicles of Japan'), the Emperor Keitai was a fifth generation descendent grandchild of the Emperor Ojin.
- 同母妹に持統天皇、同母弟に建皇子がいる。
- She had an younger sister-uterine, the Empress Jito, and an younger brother-uterine, Takeru no miko.
- 安寧天皇の第一皇子で、母は渟名底仲媛命。
- He was the first Imperial prince of Emperor Annei, and his mother was Nunasokonakatsuhime no mikoto.
- 異母兄弟に垂仁天皇、豊城入彦命らがいる。
- The paternal half-brothers of Princess Nunaki iribime were The Emperor Suinin and Prince Toyokiiribiko.
- The paternal half-brothers of Princess Tochini iribime were The Emperor Suinin and Prince Toyokiiribiko.
- 弘文天皇の妃の一人であったとされている。
- She is considered to be as one of the Emperor Kobun's wives.
- 反正天皇5年1月(410年2月)に崩御。
- He passed away in February, 410.
- 熊沢寛道はこの天皇の子孫を名乗っている。
- Hiromichi KUMAZAWA called himself a descendant of this emperor.
- 『古事記』は天皇の没年を次のように記す。
- Following is the years of death of related Emperors written in 'Kojiki'.
- 天國案春岐廣庭天皇- 『元興寺伽藍縁起』
- Amekunioshiharukihironiha no sumeramikoto-mentioned in the book 'Ganjo-ji temple garan engi', (the history of Ganjoji temple).
- この時、昭和天皇から手紙を送られている。
- He received letters from the Emperor Showa while he evacuated.
- 天皇は帝国議会の協賛を以って立法権を行う。
- The Emperor exercises the legislative power with the consent of the Imperial Diet.
- 759年(天平宝字3年)親王宣下を受ける。
- He was given the imperial proclamation to become an imperial prince in 759.
- 東山天皇の第一皇女で、伏見宮貞建親王の妃。
- She was the first princess of the Emperor Higashiyama and the wife of the Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadatake.
- 姉妹には、天智天皇の妃となった橘娘がいる。
- Her sister was TACHIBANA no Iratsume who married the Emperor Tenchi.
- 天皇が崩御ときは、皇嗣が、直ちに即位する。
- When an emperor passes away, the imperial heir will ascend to the throne immediately.
- 現在は天皇が御引直衣に使用するだけである。
- Today, the emperor uses a suo fan only with ohiki noshi (clothes).
- 大正天皇以外の男子4人は夭折したためなし。
- No Jikimiyake were established because among his five sons, four died young, leaving only Emperor Taisho.
- 子に孝明天皇のほか二皇子一皇女をもうけた。
- She had some children who were Emperor Komei, two other princes and one princess.
- 勅語書に天皇の親署や国務大臣の副署はない。
- The Chokugo-sho do not include any signature affixed by Emperor in his or her own hand or any countersignature by Minister of State.
- 天皇の御歳、四十三歳(よそじまりみとせ)。
- The emperor was 43 years old.
- これによって天武天皇の皇統は完全に絶えた。
- As a result, the Imperial lineage of Emperor Tenmu was put an end completely.
- (天皇を)元首と言って差し支えないと考える。
- We think it is correct to call the Emperor, the head of the country.
- このとき歴代天皇に漢風諡号が一括撰進された。
- At that time, Chinese-style posthumous names for all the Emperors in history were selected.
- 天智天皇の同母妹、天武天皇の同母姉に当たる。
- She was a younger sister of the Emperor Tenchi and an older sister of the Emperor Tenmu.
- 後西天皇の第二皇子、母は清閑寺共綱の娘共子。
- He was the second son of the Emperor Gosai, and his mother was Tomoko who was a daughter of Tomotsuna SEIKANJI.
- 寬保2年(1742年)桃園天皇の猶子となる。
- In 1742, he was adopted by the Emperor Momozono.
- 姉妹には、孝徳天皇の妃となった小足媛がいる。
- Her sister was Otarashihime who married the Emperor Kotoku.
- これを哀れんだ垂仁天皇は殉死の禁令を出した。
- Emperor Suinin, who took pity on this, issued a ban of junshi.
- なお特例として近世の天皇の神事用の扇がある。
- A special case was fans for the emperor used in Shinto rituals in the early-modern times.
- 天武天皇の皇女で、母は蘇我赤兄の娘、大蕤娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenmu, and her mother was Onu no iratsume, who was a daughter of SOGA no Akae.
- (奈良県天理市石上町、あるいは同市嘉幡か)。
- (Supposedly, it was located in Isonokami-cho Town, Tenri City, Nara Prefecture, or Kabata in the same city.)
- 同年8月、祖母・持統天皇に譲位され即位した。
- In August of the same year (697), his grandmother, Empress Jito, decided to pass the emperorship to him, and Karu thus became Emperor Monmu.
- 天平勝宝6年(754年)、酒人内親王を産む。
- She gave birth to Imperial Princess Sakahito in 754.
- また、風土記の倭武天皇が倭王武と同一視する。
- This theory identifies Waobu with Yamatotakeru no sumeramikoto who appears in Fudoki (description of regional climate, culture, etc.).
- 天平宝字4年(760年)、光明皇太后が死去。
- In 760, Empress Dowager Komyo passed away.
- 被災者は天皇の慰めに涙を流したと伝えられた。
- It was reported that the victims shed tears with the Emperor's consolation.
- 億計王(おけのみこ、島稚子・大石尊・仁賢天皇)
- Prince Oke (Oke no Miko also known as Shima no Wakugo, Oshi no Mikoto, and the Emperor Ninken)
- 異母兄弟に孝元天皇、倭迹迹日百襲媛命らがいる。
- The Emperor Kogen and Princess Yamatototo Himomoso Hime were the paternal half-brother and sister of Princess Chichihaya Hime.
- 日本では即位とは天皇がその位につくことである。
- In Japan, the enthronement means that an emperor accedes to the throne.
- 父は天武天皇皇子の高市皇子で兄に長屋王がいる。
- His father was the Prince Takechi, a son of the Emperor Tenmu and Nagayao (the Prince Nagaya) was his older brother.
- 麻績郎女は継体天皇の妃として荳角皇女を産んだ。
- Ominoiratsume married the Emperor Keitai as a princess and bore a princess, Imperial Princess Sasage Sasage no Hime Miko.
- また、開化天皇の孫、神功皇后の曽祖父に当たる。
- Additionally, Prince Yamashiro no Otsutsukimawaka was a grandchild of the Emperor Kaika; he was also a great-grand father of the Empress Jingu.
- それにより、大王として擁立された(継体天皇)。
- Then, Odo no Okimi ascended to the throne (the Emperor Keitai).
- 天皇はとても悲しみ、石川王に諸王二位を贈った。
- The emperor was greatly depressed and conferred Shoo (princes without imperial proclamation) Nii (Second Rank) to Ishikawa no Okimi.
- 天武天皇5年(676年)6月、四位で病死した。
- He died of illness in July 676, his rank being Shii (Forth Court Rank).
- 天皇家同様男子血統でつながらなければならない。
- Like the Imperial Family, it must share the common agnate blood line.
- 後水尾天皇の典侍の一人に選ばれ、後宮に入った。
- She was chosen to be one of the Naishi no suke (court ladies of the first rank) of the Emperor Gomizunoo and entered the kokyu (inner palace).
- 天智天皇の皇后であるが、子には恵まれなかった。
- She was the empress of the Emperor Tenchi, but she did not have any children.
- 父は第30代敏達天皇、母は伊勢大鹿首小熊の女。
- Her father was the thirtieth Emperor Bidatsu, and her mother was a daughter of Ise no Ooka no obito oguma.
- 皇后は雄略天皇の皇女である春日大娘皇女である。
- The Emperor Ninken's consort was Kasuga no oiratsume no himemiko, a daughter of the Emperor Yuryaku.
- 天武天皇と持統天皇の子・草壁皇子の正妃である。
- She was the lawful wife of Imperial Prince Kusakabe no miko, who was a son of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito.
- 天皇の欄には、次の事項を登録する(旧12条)。
- In the column of Emperor, the following items are registered (the old Article 12).
- 神護景雲4年(770年)、称徳天皇が崩御した。
- In 770, Empress Shotoku passed away.
- 天武天皇の皇子・舎人親王の七男として誕生する。
- He was born the seventh son of Imperial Prince Toneri, the prince of Emperor Tenmu.
- が、大泊瀬皇子(後の雄略天皇)の兵に攻められた。
- But, the army of Prince Ohatsuse (Ohatsuse no Miko; later, he became the Emperor Yuryaku) attacked them.
- 司法権は天皇の名に於いて法律により裁判所が行う。
- The Judicature shall be exercised by the Courts of Law according to law, in the name of the Emperor.
- 御息所とは、文字通り天皇の休息所を意味していた。
- Miyasundokoro literally meant the Emperor's rest area.
- 万延元年(1860年) 妙法院相続、孝明天皇養子
- In 1860, Imperial Prince Fushimi Sadanaru became the successor of Myoho-in Temple, and some time later he was adopted by the Emperor Komei.
- また後継の後西天皇から壬生院の院号を宣下された。
- She was given the Ingo of Mibuin by the Emperor Gosai, who succeeded to the throne.
- 寛永10年(1633年)に後光明天皇を出産した。
- She gave birth to the Emperor Gokomyo in 1633.
- 皇位(こうい)は、日本で天皇の位を意味する概念。
- The notion of the Imperial Throne means the throne of Emperor in Japan.
- 飛鳥の地に宮を設けた初めての天皇が允恭であった。
- The first Emperor who built a palace in Asuka was Ingyo.
- その後、息子の珂瑠皇子が文武天皇として即位した。
- After Empress Jito, Ahe's son Karu no miko succeeded to the throne as Emperor Monmu.
- 御用邸(ごようてい)は天皇家や皇族の別荘である。
- Goyotei is a villa of imperial family or royalty of Japan.
- 天平19年(747年)、無品から二品に叙される。
- She was appointed from muhon (without a court rank) to nihon (the second court rank for Imperial Princes) in 747.
- 別名、誉田天皇・誉田別尊(ほむたわけのみこと)。
- Different names include Homuda no Sumeramikoto and Homutawake no mikoto.
- その精励ぶりは歴代天皇には見られないものである。
- He has devoted himself to his duties so hard that no other successive emperors can compare with him.
- 同母兄に大彦命、少名日子建猪心命、開化天皇がいる。
- Prince Obiko, Prince Sukunahiko Takeigokoro, and Emperor Kaika were her maternal half-brothers.
- また、彦坐王の孫、すなわち開化天皇の曾孫に当たる。
- Furthermore, Prince Kanimeikazuchi was the grandson of Prince Hikoimasu, in other words, he was a great-grandchild of the Emperor Kaika.
- 天武天皇7年(678年)9月に、三位で亡くなった。
- Wakasa no Okimi died in September 678, when he was in a position of Sanmi (Third Rank).
- 天明7年(1787年)鷹司輔平の女昌子と結婚する。
- In 1787, he married Masako TAKATSUKASA, a daughter of Sukehira TAKATSUKASA.
- 子に品陀真若王(応神天皇の皇后仲姫命の父)がいる。
- Homudamawaka no miko (the father of Nakatsuhime no mikoto, who was the empress of Emperor Ojin) was his child.
- 天智天皇の妃となり、明日香皇女と新田部皇女を生む。
- She married the Emperor Tenchi and had the Princess Asuka and the Princess Nitabe.
- このため、昭和天皇以降の内親王は臣籍降下している。
- Therefore Imperial Princesses who did koka (got married a man from non-imperial family) after the enthronement of Emperor Showa were identified themselves by their husbands' family names.
- 天武天皇の皇女で、母は宍人臣大麻呂の娘、かじ媛娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenmu, and her mother was Kajihime no iratsume, who was a daughter of SHISHIUDOOMI no Omaro.
- 紀元前92年に、天皇の命により、倭大国魂神を祀る。
- In B.C 92, the Emperor Suinin ordered Princess Numakiiribe to worship 'Yamato no Ookuni Tamanokami (a Japanese God appearing in Japanese Mythology).'
- 天皇・太皇太后・皇太后の死にあたり喪に服する期間。
- It is a period of mourning for the Emperor, the Grand Empress Dowager, and the Empress Dowager.
- また、遊部は垂仁天皇の子孫であるとも言われている。
- It was also said that Asobibe was the descendant of Emperor Suinin.
- 29日夕方には提灯行列が出て天皇の訪問を奉祝した。
- People in the city celebrated the Emperor's visit by holding the lantern procession in the evening of October 29.
- 800年、崇道天皇と追称され、大和国に移葬された。
- In 800, he was given the posthumous name 'Emperor Sudo,' and his body was transferred to Yamato Province and was buried there.
- 母は中蒂姫命(なかしひめのみこと。履中天皇の皇女)。
- The mother of Prince Mayowa was Princess Nakashi, (中蒂姫命, Nakashi no Mikoto; she was a princess of the Emperor Richu.)
- 父は大草香皇子(おおくさかのみこ。仁徳天皇の皇子)。
- The father of Prince Mayowa was Imperial Prince Okusaka, (Okusaka no Miko; he was a prince of the Emperor Nintoku.)
- 天皇の成立とともに皇女の字があてられるようになった。
- And, the characters of 皇女 came to be applied for Himemiko, along with the establishment of Tenno (emperor).
- そこで天皇は女の子を皇女とし、母の童女君を妃とした。
- Thus, the Emperor Yuryaku recognized the little girl (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) as an Imperial princess, and the mother was elevated to his princess (consort).
- 同母妹の忍坂大中姫・衣通姫は允恭天皇に入内している。
- The half maternal sisters of Prince Ohodo were Oshisakano onakatsunohimeno Mikoto and Sotoorihime, each of them became a judai (As an Imperial bride, a daughter of nobles or royal family whose entered into the Imperial court.) to the Emperor Ingyo's court.
- 「父天皇崩後 娶庶母間人孔部王生兒 佐富女王 一也」
- After the demise of the Emperor Yomei, he married his mother-in-law Anahobe no hashihitohime and had a daughter, Satomi no Himemiko.'
- 親王は始め妙法院を相続したのち孝明天皇の養子となる。
- Imperial Prince (Fushiminomiya Sadanaru) first became the successor of the Myoho-in Temple, and then later, he was adopted by the Emperor Komei.
- 父は天智天皇で、母は蘇我倉山田石川麻呂の娘・遠智娘。
- Her father was the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), and her mother was Ochi no iratsume, a daughter of SOGANOKURA-YAMADA no Ishikawamaro.
- 御間城姫(みまきひめ、生没年不詳)は崇神天皇の皇后。
- Mimakihime (date of birth and death unknown) was the empress of Emperor Sujin.
- 夜御殿(よるのおとど)は、清涼殿の天皇の寝所である。
- Yoru-no-otodo is the bed room for the emperor in Seiryoden.
- 1年間だったが、後に仁明天皇により13日間となった。
- It used to be a year long, but was set 13 days by Emperor Ninmyo later.
- しかし、密通して復命せず、天皇の恨みを買ってしまう。
- However, Prince Oousu committed adultery with one lady (or the ladies) and did not complete his mission, incurring the Emperor Keiko's ill will.
- 高松宮:大正天皇第三皇子の高松宮宣仁親王により創設。
- Takamatsunomiya: established by Imperial prince Takamatsunomiya Nobuhito, the third Imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- 秩父宮:大正天皇第二皇子の秩父宮雍仁親王により創設。
- Chichibunomiya: established by Imperial Prince Chichibunomiya Yasuhito, the second imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- 今上天皇の子が創設した宮家が最も格式が高いとされる。
- The Miyake which have been established by the present Emperor are considered to have the highest social status.
- しかし、天皇はその在位中常に冠を被って過ごしていた。
- On the other hand, an emperor always wore his Court cap throughout his reign.
- 姉で義母でもある鸕野讃良皇女(持統天皇)が即位した。
- Instead of Kusakabe, Ahe's older sister and mother-in-law, Uno no Sarara no himemiko (Empress Jito), ascended the throne.
- 同寺の御位牌には「興福院殿南天皇都心位尊儀」とある。
- The tablet with his posthumous name on it, which is stored in the same temple reads: 'In honor of Emperor Nan of the Kofuku Palace'.
- 756年(天平勝宝8歳)夫の聖武太上天皇が亡くなる。
- Her husband Shomu Daijo Tenno (the retired Emperor) died in 756.
- 760年(天平宝字4年)逝去、佐保山東陵に葬られた。
- She died and was buried in Sahoyama no higashi no misasagi (the eastern Imperial tomb in Saho-yama mountain) in 760.
- その場所は奈良市八嶋町の崇道天皇陵に比定されている。
- That place is identified with 'Sudo Tenno Ryo' (the mausoleum of Emperor Sudo) in Yashima Town, Nara City.
- 一方で皇太子時代には後水尾天皇に言及したこともある。
- Meanwhile, he once mentioned the Emperor Gomizunoo when he was the Crown Prince.
- 文武天皇4年(700年)、浄広肆の位で4月4日に死去。
- She died in the rank of Jokoshi (Jugoinoge, or Junior Fifth Rank, Lower) on May 1, 700.
- 京都府もやはり天皇支配を周知すべく告諭を行なっている。
- In Kyoto Prefecture, they also announced the imperial reign.
- 大日本帝国憲法において天皇は以下のように記されている。
- In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the amount of authority the Emperor had was stated as below:
- 737年にやっと平癒、息子天皇と36年ぶりに対面した。
- It was not until 737 that she recovered from her illness, and managed to see her son, the Emperor Shomu for the first time in 36 years.
- その孫が男大迹王(袁本杼王)すなわち継体天皇とされる。
- Later, his grandson was Prince Odo (Odo no Kimi); also known as Odo no Mikoto, in other words, the Emperor Keitai.
- 大正元年(1912年) 明治天皇崩御により大喪使総裁。
- In 1912, Prince Sadanaru served as president of the taiso (Imperial mourning) when the Emperor Meiji met his demise.
- 天保2年(1831年)に出家し、雄仁入道親王と称した。
- In 1831, he entered priesthood, and he called himself the priestly Imperial Prince Yunin.
- 平群真鳥 孝元天皇6世孫 日本に王たらんとしたという。
- HEGURI no Matori The 6th grandchild of the Emperor Kogen It is said that he tried but failed to become Emperor of Japan.
- 皇胤(こういん)とは、広く天皇の子孫を指す言葉である。
- The term Kouin refers to Imperial descendants.
- 戦後、天皇誕生日として国民の祝日と定められ現在に至る。
- After the war, it is determined and still remains to be a national holiday as The Emperor's Birthday.
- 今上天皇第二皇子の秋篠宮文仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- It has been established by Imperial Prince Akishinonomiya Fumihito (who is presently the head of the family), the second Imperial prince of the present Emperor.
- 上皇は改めて「我子」と呼んで天皇を擁護する詔を出した。
- The Retired Empress issued an imperial edict to proclaim continued guardianship, referring to him as 'my son' again.
- 史上6人目の女帝で、天武天皇系からの最後の天皇である。
- Empress Koken was the 6th empress in Japanese history and the last emperor (empress) of the lineage which stretched from Emperor Tenmu.
- 行政権は国務大臣の輔弼により天皇が自ら行うものとされた。
- The executive power was to be on the Emperor with the support of the Minister of State.
- 仁賢天皇の段に皇后として名が挙げられるにとどまっている。
- Only the daughter appeared as the Empress of the Emperor Ninken in his (the Emperor Ninken) genealogy section.
- 応神天皇40年(309年)1月 (旧暦)に皇太子となる。
- In 309, Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko became the Crown Prince.
- 斉明天皇を中皇命とする説も沢潟久孝をはじめすくなくない。
- Hisataka OMODA and many other literati view that the Empress Saimei and Nakatsusumera Mikoto were the same person.
- 第107代後陽成天皇の第4皇子で近衛家を相続した近衛信尋
- Nobuhiro KONOE, the 4th Prince of the 107th Emperor Goyozei, is the successor of the Konoe family.
- 第107代後陽成天皇の第9皇子で一条家を相続した一条昭良
- Akiyoshi ICHIJO, the 9th Prince of the Emperor Goyozei, is the successor of the Ichijo family.
- 天保6年(1835年)父帝仁孝天皇の命で桂宮を継承する。
- In 1835, the prince became the head of the Katsura-no-miya family under the order of his father, the Emperor Ninko.
- 慶安3年(1650年)、後光明天皇の第一皇女として誕生。
- In 1650, she was born as the first princess of the Emperor Gokomyo.
- 天徳 (日本)年間、内匠寮が作り、のちに木工寮が掌った。
- Takumiryo (the Bureau of Skilled Artisans) built it in the Tentoku era, and later Mokuryo (Bureau of Carpentry) took charge.
- 天皇は菊花紋章を置紋にして40歳頃未満は長飾りをつける。
- Emperors used the Imperial Crest of the Chrysanthemum as their heraldry, and when they were younger than forty, nagakazari was added.
- 父は天武天皇と持統天皇の子である草壁皇子、母は元明天皇。
- Her father was Kusakabe no miko (the term miko refers to imperial prince), a son of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito, and her mother was Empress Genmei.
- また、「逝きて帰らぬ天皇」の意味があるともいわれている。
- Also, it is said to have a meaning of 'the Emperor who passed away and never returns'.
- 母は尾張目子媛(おわりのめのこひめ)、安閑天皇の同母弟。
- His mother was Owari no Menokohime, and he was Emperor Ankan's younger brother-uterine.
- 以下、古代以来の天皇と政治体制との関わりを中心に解説する。
- Below is an explanation about the Emperors and the political system since ancient Japan.
- しかし、次第に天皇の寝所に侍る宮女を意味するようになった。
- Then gradually, it came to mean a lady serving at the Imperial Court who served at the Emperor's bedroom.
- 王女2人が天皇の妃となった以外、さしたる事蹟の記述はない。
- Prince Okinaga no Mate did not have many achievements, other than marriage of his two princesses to the Emperors.
- 敏達天皇の孫(曾孫か)、難波皇子の子(孫か)、美努王の父。
- He was the grandson (or the great-grandson) of the Emperor Bidatsu, the son (or the grandson) of the Prince Naniwa and the father of Minu no Okimi.
- 承応3年(1654年)、父後光明天皇が22歳の若さで崩御。
- In 1654, her father the Emperor Gokomyo died young at the age of 22.
- 733年、白壁王(後の光仁天皇)の王女として平城京に誕生。
- She was the princess born to Shirakabe no okimi (later the Emperor Konin) in Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in modern Nara) in 733.
- その後、即位した天皇の誕生日にあわせて天長節が定められた。
- Afterward, tencho setsu was determined according to the birthday of the Emperor who ascended the throne.
- なおこれらの絵柄は大正天皇の即位礼に際して定められたもの。
- These designs were designated at the ceremony of the enthronement of the Emperor Taisho.
- 履中天皇の孫、市辺押磐皇子(いちのへのおしはのみこ)の子。
- He was a grandson of Emperor Richu and a son of Ichinohe no oshiha no miko (the term miko refers to imperial prince).
- 翌年には病気の天皇の名代として難波京遷都の勅を発している。
- In the following year, she issued an imperial decree to transfer the capital to Naniwa-kyo on behalf of the sick emperor.
- 中宮(ちゅうぐう)とは、日本の天皇の妻たちの呼称のひとつ。
- Chugu is one of the names given to wives of Japanese emperors.
- 欽明天皇は、最後まで任那復興を夢見ながら亡くなったという。
- It is said that Emperor Kinmei never lost his dream for restoring Mimana until he met his death.
- 758年(天平宝字2年)に孝謙天皇から譲位を受け践祚した。
- In 758, Prince Oi ascended the throne, vacated by Empress Koken.
- 軍部からも要請があったが、昭和天皇の意向で任官していない。
- Therefore, he was requested to join the Guards Division by the military, but the Emperor Showa refused to appoint him.
- 昭和64年(1989年)1月7日昭和天皇の崩御を受け即位。
- Following the demise of the Emperor Showa on January 7, 1989, he ascended the throne.
- 物部目大連は天皇に一夜のうちに何度童女君を召したかを尋ねた。
- Mononobe no Me Omuraji asked to the Emperor Yuryaku, 'How many times did you engage with Ominagi during the night?'
- 内侍司を指す場合もあり、天皇の母を大御息所と呼ぶ例もあった。
- It sometimes meant Naishi no Tsukasa (female palace attendants), and there was a precedent that the Emperor's mother was called Grand Miyasundokoro.
- 妃:息長水依比売(おきながのみずよりひめ。天之御影神の女)。
- Princess: Okinaga no mizuyorihime (a daughter of 'Ame no Mikage no Kami')
- それによれば天子が泰山を祭るとき、諸侯もみな泰山の下に従う。
- According to the article, when the Emperor enshrined Mt.Tai, all lords went there and joined the ceremony.
- ただ、用明天皇の死後、義母の穴穂部間人皇女と結婚したという。
- But it is said he married ANAHOBE no Hashihitohime after Emperor Yomei died.
- 皇嗣(こうし)とは、天子(皇帝や天皇)の跡継ぎのことである。
- The Koshi (imperial heir) is a successor of Tenshi (monarch or emperor).
- 「元明天皇御宇和銅己酉五月二十六日、安雅皇女薨二杉坂駅一。」
- On July 11, 709, during the reign of the Empress Genmei, the Princess Aga died at Sugisaka Station.'
- どちらの称制期間も日本書紀には事実上天皇同然に書かれている。
- In the Nihonshoki, both Emperor Tenchi and Empress Jito are written as the real emperors during the period when they ruled the nation without holding an enthronement ceremony.
- 天皇の崩御に際しては、国の行事として「大喪の礼」が行われる。
- At the emperor's demise, 'the Rites of an Imperial Funeral' is performed as national event.
- 天国排開広庭天皇・志帰嶋天皇・斯帰斯麻天皇(しきしま)とも。
- He was also called Amekunioshiharakihironiha no Sumeramikoto(emperor) or Shikishima no mikoto (emperor) (志帰嶋天皇・斯帰斯麻天皇).
- 天平勝宝元年(749年)に父・聖武天皇の譲位により即位した。
- Her father Emperor Shomu abdicated the throne to her in 749.
- 称号の「継宮」、名前の「明仁」は、昭和天皇による命名である。
- The Emperor Showa gave to his first prince both his childhood title 'Tsugu-no-miya' and his title 'Akihito.'
- 記紀によれば、父の大草香皇子が罪無くして安康天皇に誅殺された。
- According to the Kiki, Imperial Prince Okusaka, the biological father of Prince Mayowa was killed by execution as a criminal ('chusatus' in Japanese) despite his innocence; the Emperor Anko was behind this execution.
- 享保元年(1716年)、中御門天皇に入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- In 1716 she married the Emperor Nakamikado and received the Imperial letter of appointment as the title Nyogo.
- 異母妹で聖武天皇の皇后光明皇后とは、義理の親子関係にも当たる。
- The Empress Komyo, the empress of the Emperor Shomu was Miyako's younger paternal half-sister as well as daughter in law.
- 伏見宮邸で天覧試合、「最後の剣客」榊原鍵吉による兜割りを観覧。
- In the same year, a game was held with the Emperor in attendance at the Fushimi no Miya estate; there he watched a Kenkichi SAKAKIBARA, 'The Last Expert Swordsman,' perform the Kabuto Wari (helmet cutting).
- 天武天皇皇子で母は宍戸臣大麻呂(ししひとのおみおおまろ)の娘。
- He was the prince of the Emperor Tenmu and his mother was the daughter of Shishihito no Omiomaro.
- また、贈位として藤原旅子(桓武天皇夫人、死去時に贈位)がいる。
- In addition, FUJIWARA no Tabiko (consort of Emperor Kanmu, conferred when she died), was granted the rank of Hi.
- 承久年間に東宮(のちの仲恭天皇)が着袴に際して使用したという。
- During the Jokyu era, Togu (the Crown Prince) (later Emperor Chukyo) used this type of fan for chakko (ceremony of first-time wearing of a hakama).
- 757年(天平宝字元年)に橘奈良麻呂の乱で佐渡国に流罪となる。
- In 757, following the revolt of TACHIBANA no Naramaro, he was exiled to Sado Province.
- 「伊賀国名所記」に弘文天皇の同母弟と書かれているが真偽は不明。
- He is described in 'Iganokuni meisho no ki' (A record of noted places in Iga Province) as a younger brother-uterine of the Emperor Kobun, but the authenticity is uncertain.
- 太上皇、太上天皇といった東アジアの上皇としては最後の例となる。
- He was the last retired emperor among East Asian taijoko or daijo tenno (both meaning retired emperor).
- 三笠宮:大正天皇第四皇子の三笠宮崇仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- Mikasanomiya: established by Imperial Prince Mikasanomiya Takahito (the present head of the family), the fourth imperial prince of Emperor Taisho.
- 常陸宮:昭和天皇第二皇子の常陸宮正仁親王(現当主)により創設。
- Hitachinomiya: established by Imperial Prince Hitachinomiya Masahito, the second imperial prince of Emperor Showa.
- 他の天武天皇の皇女達と違って、彼女に関する記録はほとんどない。
- Unlike other princesses of the Emperor Tenmu, few of her records remain.
- 父仁徳天皇の崩後、叛乱を起こした同母兄の住吉仲皇子を誅殺した。
- After the demise of his father, Emperor Nintoku, Mizuhawake as the leader of a punitive expedition against a rebellion, killed his rebellious older brother, Suminoe no nakatsu miko.
- 同8年(777年)、光仁天皇は遺骨を改葬させ、墓を御墓と追称。
- Emperor Konin reburied their remains and renamed their graves respectfully in 777.
- 1858年(安政5年)に仁孝天皇の猶子として11歳で親王宣下。
- In 1858 he was given the title of Imperial Prince as an adopted child of Emperor Ninko at the age of 11.
- 『播磨国風土記』には、品太天皇(ほむだのすめらみこと)と表記。
- In 'Harimanokuni Fudoki' (Records of the culture and geography of the Harima Province), it is written as Homuda no Sumeramikoto.
- 継体天皇と手白香皇女(たしらかのひめみこ)との間の息子である。
- Emperor Kinmei is the son of Empror Keitai and Pincess Tashiraka.
- 一説に、万葉歌人額田王は宣化天皇の4世孫(玄孫)とも言われる。
- One theory has it that NUKATA no Okimi, a poet of Manyoshu (The Anthology of Myriad Leaves) was said to be a great-great-granddaughter of Emperor Senka.
- 天皇は紫宸殿の儀を終えた後、11月21日に伊勢神宮を親拝した。
- Having finished the ceremony of Shishinden, the Emperor visited Ise-jingu Shrine on November 21.
- 皇子(みこ、おうじ)とは、皇帝または天皇の男子を指す呼称である。
- Miko, also referred to as Oji is the naming of the sons of Kotei or Tenno (emperor).
- 国方姫命(くにかたひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Kunikatahime (Kunikatahime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Sujin.
- その翌年の正月には額田部皇女(後の推古天皇)が皇后に立てられた。
- In the very next year, on the New Year Day, Nukatabe no Himemiko (the Imperial Princess Nukatabe, later Empress Suiko) became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu.
- 吉備太宰石川王は天武天皇8年(679年)3月9日に吉備で死んだ。
- Ishikawa no Okimi, the provincial governor-general of kibi Province died in Kibi Province on April 27, 679.
- 天保6年(1835年)鷹司政熙の女鷹司景子(ひろこ)と結婚する。
- In 1835, he married Hiroko TAKATSUKASA, a daughter of Masahiro TAKATSUKASA.
- 天保12年(1841年)正月一品に昇叙するが、間もなく薨去した。
- In January, 1841, soon after he was promoted to Ippon (the first rank of Imperial Prince), he passed away.
- 『日本書紀』によれば、垂仁天皇28年10月5日 (旧暦)に薨去。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', he died on October 30, 2 B.C.
- 天智天皇の危篤、崩御の際に詠んだ歌4首が万葉集に収められている。
- Four of her poems composed while the Emperor Tenchi was in critical condition, and on his death were selected in Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves).
- 大碓は、美濃国の美女二人を宮中に迎えるよう父天皇より遣わされる。
- The Emperor Keiko ordered Prince Oousu on a mission; the Emperor sent him to Mino Province, instruction him to escort two beautiful ladies to the Imperial court.
- 市辺押磐皇子(いちのへのおしはのみこ、履中天皇の長子)の第3子。
- Oke no miko (the future Emperor Kenzo) was the third son of Ichinohe no oshiha no miko (who was the eldest son of Emperor Richu).
- 清寧天皇2年(481年)に、弟王が宴の席で王族の身分を明かした。
- In 481, at a banquet, the younger prince revealed that they were members of the imperial family.
- これを受けて億計王が仁賢天皇元年1月(488年2月)に即位した。
- Therefore, the older prince Oke no mikoto ('億計王') ascended the throne in February, 488, thus becoming Emperor Ninken.
- 元明天皇は養老5年12月7日(721年12月29日)、崩御した。
- Empress Genmei passed away on December 29, 721.
- 葉山御用邸に隣接する場所には昭和天皇践祚記念碑が設置されている。
- At the area adjacent to Hayama Goyotei a monument to commemorate Emperor Showa's succession to the throne is placed.
- 長屋王の変後、729年(天平元年)皇后にするとの詔が発せられた。
- An imperial edict that she became empress was issued in 729 after the Nagayao no Hen.
- 今上天皇の母・香淳皇后の母・邦彦王妃俔子妃が島津家の出身である。
- The wife of Prince Kuniyoshi, Chikako--the mother of the Empress Kojun who was the mother of the present Emperor Akihito--came from Shimazu family.
- 即位以来、憲法の精神を守りつつ平成の天皇のあり方を模索している。
- Since his enthronement, observing the spirit of the constitution, he has tried to find the ideal image of the Emperor in the Heisei period.
- 昭和天皇にも面白さを紹介、弟の常陸宮などとも対局したと言われる。
- Not only he explained to the Emperor Showa how interesting the game is, but also he is said to have played Mah-jong with his younger brother, Hitachi-no-miya and others.
- 御真津比売命(みまつひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、開化天皇の皇女。
- Princess Mimatsuhime (Mimatsuhime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Kaika.
- 仲哀天皇・神功皇后の実在性が疑われる中で、皇子もその例外ではない。
- The existence of the Emperor Chuai and the Empress Jingu is doubtful, and so with the existence of the Imperial Prince Oshikuma.
- 押坂彦人大兄皇子(敏達天皇の皇子)の王子で、母は漢王の妹・大俣王。
- His father was Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko (a son of the Emperor Bidatsu) and his mother was Omata no miko, a sister of Aya no Okimi.
- 第二次世界大戦敗戦までは、天長節(てんちょうせつ)と呼ばれていた。
- Until the defeat in the World War II, it was called tencho setsu (The birthday of the reigning emperor).
- 壁代をかけた東南の厨子に八尺瓊勾玉・天叢雲剣を覆に入れて奉安した。
- Yasakani-no-magatama (grand jewel; one of the three Imperial regalia) and Ame-no-Murakumo-no-Tsurugi (the sword Ame-no-Murakumo, literally 'Heavenly Sword of Assembled Clouds'; one of the three Imperial regalia) were enshrined in Zushi with hanging Kabeshiro (partition) in the southeast corner.
- 宣下(せんげ)とは、天皇の命令を伝える公文書を公布することである。
- Imperial proclamation is to issue an official document conveying the Emperor's order.
- 但し、どの時期の天皇までに倍年説をあてはめるかで信頼性は変化する。
- However, reliability of it changes depending until which Emperor could be applied Double Year Theory.
- 使いの者は「天皇が父君を慕って飼おうとしている白鳥です」と答えた。
- The bearer answered 'These swans are for the Emperor who intends to keep them in memory of his father.'
- 長屋王は元正天皇のいとこにあたり、また妹・吉備内親王の夫であった。
- Nagaya no okimi was a cousin of the Empress Gensho and was the husband of Imperial Princess Kibi no naishinno, a younger sister of the Empress Gensho.
- 天平15年(743年)、聖武天皇が病気がちで職務が取れなくなった。
- In 743, the Emperor Shomu fell ill and was unable to continue his work.
- 大海人皇子(天武天皇)の反乱(壬申の乱)によりその治世は短かった。
- Due to Prince Oama's rebellion (the Jinshin War), Prince Otomo's reign didn't last long.
- 天智天皇の第7皇子・志貴皇子(志貴皇子)の第6子で白壁王と称した。
- He was the sixth son of Prince Shiki, the seventh prince of Emperor Tenchi and he called himself as Shirakabe no okimi (Prince Shirakabe).
- 千千速比売命(ちちはやひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Princess Chichihaya Hime (Chichihaya Hime no Mikoto; the date of birth and death unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Korei.
- その後、文武天皇3年(700年)6月大宝律令選定を指揮し、翌年完成。
- Later, in July 699, the Prince Osakabe conducted the selecting and compiling the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), which was completed the following year.
- 同年12月桜町天皇の猶子となり、延享3年(1746年)5月親王宣下。
- In December 1745, he was adopted by Emperor Sakuramachi, and in June 1746, he was given the title of Imperial Prince.
- このために当初は天皇直属の厩を管理していた内厩寮の下に置かれていた。
- For that reason Chokushimaki was under the control of Naikyuryo (Bureau of administration of barn in the imperial court) in the beginning.
- 天皇誕生日(てんのうたんじょうび)は、日本の国民の祝日の1日である。
- The Emperor's Birthday is one of Japanese national holidays.
- 天皇誕生日と天長節は内容的にほぼ同じものであると考えて間違いはない。
- It is right that the Emperor's Birthday and tencho setsu are fundamentally the same things.
- 叔母の園光子(壬生院)に続いて彼女も後水尾天皇の後宮として召された。
- She was called to be the consort of the Emperor Gomizunoo, following her aunt, Mitsuko SONO (Mibuin).
- 諒闇(りょうあん)とは、天皇が、その父母の死にあたり喪に服する期間。
- Ryoan is a period when the Emperor is in mourning for his father and mother.
- 592年11月3日 (旧暦) - 父崇峻天皇が蘇我馬子に暗殺される。
- His father, Emperor Sushun, was murdered by SOGA no Umako on November 3, 592.
- また皇子ではなく、皇女であり、阿陪皇女→元明天皇と同一人物説もある。
- In addition, there is another theory that he was not a prince but a princess, and that he and the Princess Ahe, who later become the Empress Genmei, were the same person.
- 息子舒明天皇の御名田村は彼女のその別名をそのまま継承したものである。
- The imperial name of the Emperor Jomei, her son, Tamura is what he succeeded her another name as it was.
- 江戸時代以降の天皇の冠は纓が上に上がったままのため御立纓の冠という。
- Since the Edo period, successive emperors have used Court caps called goryuei (literally, 'standing ei'), whose ei stands on the head.
- 直宮家 (じきみやけ)とは宮家のうち天皇の子供が創設した宮家を指す。
- Jikimiyake refers to a Miyake (family allowed to have the status of Imperial family) which was established by a child of an emperor.
- 主に特定の人物・組織などを対象に天皇の意思を伝えるために用いられた。
- It was mainly used to convey the emperor's intention for a specific person and organization.
- 翌年、弟王が即位し(顕宗天皇)となったが、わずか在位3年で崩御した。
- The next year the younger prince succeeded to the throne to become Emperor Kenzo, but he passed away only three years later.
- 3年8月(413年9月)、新羅から医者を招聘、天皇の病気を治療する。
- In September, 413, a doctor was invited from Silla (ancient Korean kingdom) to treat illness of the Emperor.
- 天智崩御から壬申の乱終結まで「事実上の天皇」だったことは推測できる。
- We can guess that Prince Otomo was the 'de facto emperor' during the period from the demise of Emperor Tenchi and the end of the Jinshin War.
- 『古事記』に年次の記述は無いが、文注として一部天皇の没年干支を記す。
- Alothough 'Kojiki' does not contain a chronology, it tells, as an annotation, the Oriental zodiac of the year when some of the emperors died.
- 平成10年(1998年)12月18日、天皇誕生日に際する記者会見にて
- He made this remark on December 18, 1998 at the press conference held for commemorating the Emperor's Birthday.
- また、政財界や学識者からの内奏・進講を、父昭和天皇以上に受けている。
- Moreover, he has received reports and lectures on the affairs of the state more frequently than his father, the Emperor Showa, from people in the political and business worlds, intellectuals and others.
- 対外的には、天皇は大日本帝国皇帝であるが実際の為政者は内閣としていた。
- Externally, it was stated that the Emperor was the leader of the Empire of Japan but that the actual policymaker was the Cabinet.
- 皇女(ひめみこ、おうじょ、こうじょ)とは、天皇の女子を指す呼称である。
- Himemiko (also referred to as Ojo or Kojo) is the naming of daughters of Tennoo (emperor).
- 皇女が夫である天皇を離れ葛城皇子と共に飛鳥に遷った理由は明らかでない。
- It is unknown why Hashihito no Himemiko left her husband, the Emperor Kotoku, and followed Katsuragi no Miko to Asuka.
- 一方の神功皇后は海路(瀬戸内海)の要所に天照大神・住吉大神を鎮祭した。
- On the other hand, the Empress Jingu performed the Chinsai (religious ceremony to appease the gods) for Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) and Sumiyoshi Okami (the great gods of Sumiyoshi) at important points along the sea route (Seto Inland Sea).
- 明治天皇の誕生日は昭和2年(1927年)に明治節という祝祭日となった。
- The birthday of the Emperor Meiji became a holiday called Meiji festival in 1927.
- 天皇以下、文官の冠は纓をそのまま垂らした垂纓冠(すいえいかん)である。
- An emperor and civil officers used Court caps called suieikan, whose ei hung down to the back.
- 景行天皇40年、蝦夷征伐の命を恐れて逃亡し、美濃国に封ぜられたという。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki,' and other historical books, in 114, Prince Oousu ran away because he was afraid of the order, the Emishi Seito (the conquest of Emishi, who were a group of people living in the northern part of land) and was then confined in Mino Province.
- 景行天皇52年、猿投山に登る中途で蛇毒のために薨去、時に42歳という。
- However, in 126, he was bitten by snake while climbing the Sanage mountain; then, he would meet with his demise from the venomous poison of the snake, at the age of forty two.
- 前天皇から皇位を受け継ぐことを皇位継承、または「皇位を踏む」ともいう。
- To succeed to the Imperial Throne from the previous Emperor is called 'the succession to the Imperial Throne' or 'Koi wo fumu'(stepping up to the Imperial Throne).
- 同6年(405年)に履中天皇が崩御し、翌年1月(406年2月)に即位。
- In 405, Emperor Richu passed away, and in February, 406, he acceded to the throne.
- これら5女王は直系尊属である大正天皇からみて三親等、即ち曾孫にあたる。
- These five queens are in the three degree of kinship, i.e., grandchildren of Emperor Taisho who was their direct ancestor.
- 聖武天皇は病弱で事件当時には非藤原氏系の安積親王しか男子がいなかった。
- Emperor Shomu was poor in health and had the only son Prince Asaka of the non-Fujiwara clan at the time of the incident.
- なお、継体以降の天皇系譜については、記紀の記録もある程度は信用できる。
- Meanwhile, Kiki's imperial genealogy after Keitai is credible to some extent.
- 『日本書紀』では、橘豊日天皇(たちばなのとよひのすめらみこと)という。
- In 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) he is known as Tachibana no Toyohi no sumeramikoto (the term sumeramikoto is an honorific for emperors).
- 明和5年(1769年)11月、皇太子英仁親王(のちの後桃園天皇)と結婚。
- In November 1769, She got married to the crown prince who was Imperial Prince Hidehito (later the Emperor Gomomozono).
- 元禄10年(1697年)2月25日、東山天皇に入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- On February 25, 1697, she married the Emperor Higashiyama, and received the Imperial letter of appointment as the title Nyogo.
- 倭迹迹姫命(やまとととひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、孝元天皇の第一皇女。
- Princess Yamatototo Hime (Yamatototo Hime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death unknown) was the first princess of the Emperor Kogen.
- 女御、更衣 (女官)をはじめその下位にあり天皇の寵愛を受けた宮女の総称。
- A generic name of serving ladies at the Imperial Court who were favourites with the Emperor, including nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court who was a consort of the emperor), koi (a lady in waiting in the court) and other lower rank ladies
- この間、天皇が皇后である間人皇女に宛てた歌が『日本書紀』に残されている。
- The 'Nihon Shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) contains a poem the Emperor Kotoku wrote to his wife, Hashihito no Himemiko when she went away with Katsuragi no Miko.
- 子に有栖川宮正仁親王、幸子女王(東山天皇中宮、承秋門院)、尊統入道親王。
- His children were Imperial Prince Arisugawa-no-miya Tadahito, Princess Yukiko (empress of the Emperor Higashiyama; Shoshumonin) and Imperial Prince Sonto Nyudo.
- 天武天皇3年(674年)石上神宮に派遣され、膏油で神宝の武器を磨かせる。
- In 674, he was dispatched to Isonokami-jingu Shrine, and made the weapons of shinpo (sacred treasure) polished with koyu oil (viscous oil).
- 天武天皇14年(685年)冠位を改訂し冠位四十八階に基づき浄大参を賜う。
- In 685, the Prince Osakabe received the rank of Jodaisan (Greater Third Pure), according to the revised ranking code, Kan I Shijuhakkai (48 grades of cap rank).
- 天保12年(1841年)父貞敬親王が薨去したことにより伏見宮を相続する。
- In 1841, since his father, Imperial Prince Sadayuki, passed away, and he succeeded to the Fushiminomiya family.
- 異母兄の関白鷹司政通、同母妹の仁孝天皇女御鷹司祺子ほか、兄弟姉妹は多数。
- She had many brothers and sisters, including Kanpaku Masamichi TAKATSUKASA (older paternal half-brother) and the Emperor Ninko's nyogo Yasuko TAKATSUKASA (younger sister).
- 異母兄の関白鷹司政通、同母姉の仁孝天皇女御鷹司繋子ほか、兄弟姉妹は多数。
- She had many brothers and sisters, including Kanpaku Masamichi TAKATSUKASA (older paternal half-brother) and the Emperor Ninko's nyogo Tsunako TAKATSUKASA (older sister).
- 異母妹の銀王(しろがねのみこ)を娶り大中姫(甥の仲哀天皇妃)等を儲けた。
- He took Shirogane no miko, his younger paternal half-sister, to his wife, and had children such as Onakatsuhime (she became a consort to his nephew, Emperor Chuai).
- 十市瓊入媛命(とおちにいりびめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Tochini iribime (Tochini iribime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- 阿閇皇子(あべのみこ、648年以降 - 生没年不詳)は、天智天皇の皇子。
- Abe no miko (648 - year of death unknown) was a prince of the Emperor Tenchi.
- 阿雅皇女(あがのひめみこ、648年以降~709年?)は、天智天皇の皇女。
- Aga no himemiko (648 - c. 709) was a princess of the Emperor Tenchi.
- しかしその直後息子天皇が病に倒れ、譲位を固辞していた所崩御してしまった。
- However, immediately after that, Emperor Monmu (her son) was taken with illness and died in bed, firmly refusing to admit abdication of the emperorship.
- ある天皇が、妻のなかから最初に皇后を立てた場合、その皇后は中宮とされる。
- If an emperor put up one of his wives as empress, she was called chugu.
- 1909年(明治42年)に明治天皇の第7皇女・周宮房子内親王と結婚した。
- In 1909 he married Imperial Princess Kanenomiya Fusako, the seventh Imperial princess of Emperor Meiji.
- 1908年(明治41年)に明治天皇の皇女・恒久王妃昌子内親王と結婚した。
- In 1908 he married Imperial Princess Masako, who was an Imperial princess of Emperor Meiji.
- 皇統譜(こうとうふ)とは、天皇及び皇族の身分に関する事項を登録する帳簿。
- Kotofu refers to a register to keep records concerning the statuses of emperors and members of Imperial family.
- 1873年には、同様に配流先で歿した崇徳天皇を祀る白峯神宮に合祀された。
- In 1873, Emperor Junnin was enshrined in Shiramine Jingu shrine sacred to the memory of Emperor Sutoku who died in the place of exile like Emperor Junnin.
- 儀式は皇室の祖神である天照大神と歴代の天皇へ期日を奉告することに始まる。
- The ceremony starts with announcing the date to Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess), Imperial Family's soshin (ancestor honored as god) and successive Emperors.
- 「天皇制が侵略戦争をはじめた」(宮本百合子・1949年2月)と述べている。
- Tennosei started a war of aggression,' said Yuriko MIYAMOTO in February, 1949.
- 「天皇制の下に日本民族の主体性を把握」(治安確立同志会・1952年設立)。
- Find the main constituent of the Japanese race under the Tennosei' (Chian Kakuritsu Doshikai [Group of Comrades to Establish National Security] established in 1952).
- 履中天皇の第1皇子で、母は葛城葦田宿禰(あしたのすくね)の女・黒媛である。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was the first Imperial Prince of the Emperor Richu; the mother of Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was Kurohime, a daughter of Ashita no Kusune.
- 実際に政治を運営するのは、天皇でなく元老や内閣(藩閥政府)の各大臣である。
- The people who actually administrated politics were not the Emperor but Genro (elder statesman) and ministers in the Cabinet (Han-dominated government).
- 推古天皇10年(602年)2月、新羅征討将軍として軍二万五千を授けられる。
- In March 602, he was appointed to Shiragi Seito Shogun (great general for subduing Shiragi [Silla]) and given an army of 25,000 soldiers.
- 弓削皇子も持統天皇の意向を結局は呑み、軽皇子を皇太子とすることが決定した。
- Yuge no miko eventually accepted the Emperor Jito's intention, and the decision was made to make the Prince Karu as the crown prince.
- 広姫は敏達天皇5年(575年)正月に立后したものの、同年11月に崩御した。
- Although Hirohime (Prince Hiro) became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu on the New Year Day in 575, she met with her demise during November of the same year.
- 仲哀天皇の皇子で、母は彦人大兄の女・大中姫(おおなかつひめ、大中比売命)。
- Imperial Prince Oshikuma was a Prince of the Emperor Chuai, and his mother was Onakatsuhime (also known as Onakatsuhime no Mikoto) who was a daughter of Prince Hikohito no Oe.
- 文化 (元号)14年(1817年)、光格天皇の猶子となり親王宣下を受ける。
- In 1817, he was adopted by Emperor Kokaku and given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 天明8年(1788年)京都を襲った大火では、宮邸を焼亡する憂き目にあった。
- In 1788, he had to undergo the hardship of losing his palace which was destroyed by the great fire that hit the city of Kyoto.
- 中務省ではこれに基づいて内記が草案を作成し、天皇に覆奏して内容を確認する。
- In the Ministry of Central Affairs, a naiki (secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs) prepares a preliminary draft based on the Choku, and then it is returned to the emperor, the contents are confirmed.
- 千千衝倭姫命(ちちつくやまとひめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女。
- Princess Chichitsuku Yamatohime (Chichitsuku Ymatohime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- 同母兄弟に、倭迹迹稚屋姫命、彦五十狭芹彦命らが、異母兄弟に孝元天皇がいる。
- Her maternal half-brothers include Yamatototowakayahime no mikoto and Hikoisaseribiko no Mikoto, and her paternal half-brother was Emperor Kogen.
- 律令に従えば后位は天皇との血縁・配偶関係に基づいて下記のように定められた。
- According to Ritsuryo (the Legal Codes), Koi which was based on the blood or marriage relationship to Emperor, was established as following.
- 更に、654年(白雉4年)にはやはり姪孫にあたる軽大王(孝徳天皇)が崩御。
- In 654, Karu no miko (the Emperor Kotoku), who was also a grandnephew to her, met his demise.
- 結果的に兄の説得に折れる形で顕宗天皇元年(485年)正月、弘計が即位する。
- As a result, yielding to persuasion by his elder brother, the younger Oke acceded to the throne in February, 485.
- 同5年(484年)に清寧天皇が崩じたときに皇位(王位)を弟王と譲り合った。
- After the death of Emperor Seinei in 484, both of the two brothers thought the other was more suitable to succeed to the throne, and tried to give the emperorship to the other.
- 孫:首皇子(聖武天皇)、広成皇子、広世皇子、膳夫王、葛木王、鉤取王、桑田王
- Grandchildren: Obito no miko (Emperor Shomu), Hironari no miko, Hiroyo no miko, Kashiwade no okimi (the term okimi here refers to a status given to emperor's siblings and offspring excluded from the imperial family and regarded as commoners), Katsuragi no okimi, Kagitori no okimi and Kuwata no okimi.
- 続いて5人が順に香炉を取って立ち、臣ら五人、殿下に従って天皇の詔を奉じる。
- After that, the five other members stood one by one with koro in their hands and promised to obey the imperial edict, following the prince.
- 天皇としての活動について非常に意欲的かつ勤勉であると伝えられることが多い。
- He has frequently been admired for his high motivation to his duties as well as for his diligence.
- 後、母の中蒂姫命は安康天皇の皇后に立てられ、眉輪王は連れ子として育てられた。
- After this incident, Princess Nakashi, the mother of Prince Mayowa, became the Empress of the Emperor Anko; Prince Mayowa was raised as a step child of the Emperor Anko.
- 江戸時代末になると尊皇攘夷論が興り、天皇は討幕運動の中心にまつりあげられた。
- At the end of the Edo period, the Sonno-joi argument occurred and the Emperor became the center of the anti-shogunate movement.
- この事から、春日大娘皇女は父・雄略天皇の血筋を唯一現在まで伝える存在となった
- Ironically, Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume was the only child who was to pass on the blood line of the father, the Emperor Yuryaku, to the future generations (to the modern times in Japan).
- 大海人皇子(天武天皇)の子、大津皇子は父の挙兵を知って味方とともに脱出した。
- The son of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), the Prince Otsu escaped with his followers from the capital after he found his father had raised an army.
- 子に吉備武彦命、景行天皇皇后の播磨稲日大郎姫、景行皇妃の伊那毘若郎女がいる。
- His children included KIBI no Takehiko, Harima no inabi no ooiratsume who was the empress of Emperor Keiko, and Inabi no wakairatsume who was the consort of Emperor Keiko.
- 八木倍年説(やぎばいねんせつ)とは八木荘司の神話上の天皇の実在を主張する説。
- Yagi's Double Year Theory is a theory that Soji YAGI insists the existence of mythological Emperors.
- しかし、641年(舒明天皇13年)に田村大王は彼女に先立って崩御してしまう。
- However, Tamura Okimi met his demise in 641, leaving his mother.
- これで、1人の天皇が2人の皇后を持つことができる先例が開かれることになった。
- This became a precedent that one emperor could have two empresses.
- なお、檜隈坂合陵には後に612年(推古天皇20年)に堅塩媛が改葬されている。
- In 612, Soga no Kitashihime (Princess) is also buried later in Hinokuma no saka Ai no Misasagi.
- 天国排開広庭天皇(あめくにおしはらきひろにわのすめらみこと)- 『日本書紀』
- Amekunioshiharakihironiha no Sumeramikoto-mentioned in the book, 'Nihonshoki '(Chronicles of Japan)
- 倭迹迹稚屋姫命(やまとととわかやひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Princess Yamatototo Wakaya Hime (Yamatototo Wakaya Hime no Mikoto; her date of birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Korei.
- 広姫は敏達天皇の皇后として押坂彦人大兄皇子・逆登皇女・菟道磯津貝皇女を産んだ。
- Hirohime became the Empress of the Emperor Bidatsu and bore Prince Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oe (Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko), Princess Sakanobori (Sakanobori no Hime Miko), and Princess Uji no Shitsukai.
- 嗣子無く没したため、霊元天皇第17皇子の有栖川宮職仁親王が有栖川宮を相続した。
- He passed away and had no heir so Imperial Prince Arisugawa-no-miya Yorihito, the 17th son of the Emperor Reigen, succeeded to the Arisugawa-no-Miya family.
- 文化7年(1810年)9月父帝光格天皇の命で京極宮を継承し、桂宮の宮号を賜る。
- In September 1810, the prince became the head of the Kyogoku-no-miya famly under the order of his father, the Emperor Kokaku, and was granted Miyago (reigning name) of Katsura-no-miya.
- 文政6年(1823年)、仁孝天皇の女御であった姉繋子が難産のため26歳で早世。
- In 1823, her older sister Tsunako, who was the Emperor Ninko's nyogo, died young at the age of 26 due to a difficult birth.
- 日本の皇族男子が宮家を新設し、独立して生計を立てる際に天皇より与えられる称号。
- It is a title given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family establishes a Miyake (house of an imperial prince), becomes independent, and starts making his living.
- 勅旨(ちょくし)とは、律令制における天皇の命令書である勅書の一種である公文書。
- Imperial paper is an official document written emperor's order in the Ritsuryo system.
- 内親王薨去後、父天皇も俄かに病気がちとなり、同年4月に譲位、12月に崩御した。
- After the imperial princess's death, the emperor, her father became prone to being sick and abdicated the throne in May that year, and passed away in December.
- 氷上大刀自(ひかみのおおとじ - 天武天皇11年(682年))は藤原鎌足の子。
- HIKAMI no Otoji (year of birth unknown - 682) was a daughter of FUJIWARA no Kamatari.
- 更に二人の二頭体制によって皇太子を経ず形式的に天皇に即位すべく準備が行われた。
- Moreover, ritual enthronement was prepared by diarchy with two people, without going through the crown prince.
- 757年(天平宝字元年)橘奈良麻呂の乱のとき、奈良麻呂により皇位に擁せられた。
- When the revolt of TACHIBANA no Naramaro broke out in 757, he was pressed to be on the Imperial Throne by Naramaro.
- これは娘の手白香皇女も、傍系出身の継体天皇の皇后となった事で繰り返されている。
- This tactics was used again when his daughter Tashiraka no himemiko married Emperor Keitai who was in a collateral line.
- 大統譜には歴代の天皇が登録され、首部には天照大神に至る神代の系譜も登録される。
- In addition, the Taitofu registers the successive Emperors, the beginning part of which includes the genealogy of the age of gods traced back to Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess).
- 各宗教団体の機関紙などでは「大行天皇の追悼法要営まれる」などと掲載されている。
- In fact, a sentence like 'A Buddhist memorial service for the Taiko-Tenno is held' appears in journals published by several religious organizations.
- 推定生年:『古事記』には485年、『日本書紀』には允恭天皇39年(450年)。
- Estimated year of birth: 485 in 'Kojiki' and 450 in 'Nihonshoki'.
- 応神天皇元年(270年)に71歳で即位、同41年(310年)に111歳で崩御。
- In 270, he acceded to the throne at the age of 71 and passed away in 310 at the age of 111.
- 天国押波流岐広庭天皇(あめくにおしはるきひろにわのすめらみこと)- 『古事記』
- Amekunioshiharukihironiwa no mikoto-Mentioned in the book, 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters)
- 天皇が天災以外の理由で外国にお見舞いの言葉を贈ったのは前例のないことであった。
- It was unprecedented that the emperor sent his sympathies to foreign countries for other reasons besides natural disaster.
- 清子内親王は長く内廷皇族として天皇皇后夫妻の傍らにあって良き相談相手であった。
- Staying closely with the Emperor Akihito and the Empress Michiko as the Imperial family without having an independent imperial house, the Imperial Princess Sayako was trusted by the couple as a daughter to whom they could open their hearts.
- また切手は郵政省から天皇家と正田家に『皇太子御成婚記念切手帖』が献上されいる。
- Moreover, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications presented 'Stamp Book for Commemorating the Crown Prince's Wedding' to the Imperial family and Shoda family.
- 764年(天平宝字8年)藤原仲麻呂の乱で連座の罪に問われ、壱岐国に配流となった。
- He was accused of complicity in the revolt of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro and was exiled to Iki Province in 764.
- ただし『日本書紀』は「陵」と表記し、天皇扱いし、「墓」ではないことは注目される。
- However in 'Nihonshoki,' it was described as '陵' not as '墓, ' which means that she was regarded as Emperor, which is worth of noticing.
- 第113代東山天皇の第6皇子の閑院宮直仁親王の第4王子で鷹司家を相続した鷹司輔平
- Sukehira TAKATSUKASA, the 4th Prince of Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Naohito (the 6th Prince of the 113rd Emperor Higashiyama), is the successor of the Takatsukasa family.
- 第112代霊元天皇の孫の有栖川宮韶仁親王の第4王子で西園寺家を相続した西園寺公潔
- Kinzumi SAIONJI is the successor of the Saionji family as well as the 4th Prince of Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Tsunahito (the grandson of the 112nd Emperor Reigen).
- 万延元年(1860年)8月に孝明天皇の養子となり、同年11月、親王宣下を受ける。
- In August, 1860, he became an adopted child of Emperor Komei and in November of the same year, he was given the title of Imperial Prince.
- 『古事記』・『日本書紀』履中紀が父を履中天皇 / 母を葦田宿禰(葛城襲津彦の子。
- In 'Kojiki' and 'Nihonshoki' and Richuki, her father was Emperor Richu and her mother was ASHIDA Sukune's (a child of KATSURAGI no Sotsuhiko.
- また、天智天皇崩御後に、実際に倭姫王による即位または称制があったとする説もある。
- One theory has it that Yamatohime no Okimi in fact ascended the throne or undertook shosei (ruling without official accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne) after the Emperor Tenchi died.
- 大仙陵古墳(仁徳天皇陵)につぐ(第2位の規模)5世紀初ともいわれる大前方後円墳。
- It is a large keyhole-shaped tumulus built in early fifth century, next (second in size) to the Daisenryo Tumulus (Mausoleum of Emperor Nintoku),
- 父は聖武天皇、母は藤原氏出身で史上初めて人臣から皇后となった光明皇后(光明子)。
- Her father was Emperor Shomu and her mother was Empress Komyo (Komyoshi) who came from the Fujiwara clan and was the first subject to become an empress in Japanese history.
- この話は『古事記』には見られず、雄略天皇の系譜部分にも母・娘ともに名を欠いている。
- However, this story was not written in the 'Kojiki,' and the family genealogy of the Emperor Yuryaku missed the names of the mother and the daughter.
- 永らくの空位が天下の煩いになると思い悩んだ太子は互譲に決着を期すべく、自ら果てた。
- Afterward, Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko was worried the prolonged vacancy on the Imperial Throne could lead to the disaster of the nation; then he finally decided taking his own life to settle the issue on the Imperial Throne.
- 天平16年(744年)には藤原仲麻呂と共に恭仁宮複都制に任命されるが、翌年没した。
- In 744 he was appointed to Kuninomiya Rusukan (an officer to guard Kuninomiya [currently Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture] while master is away) together with FUJIWARA no Nakama ro, but died in the following year.
- 葛城皇子は孝徳の治世下で実質的に改革を推進しており、天皇と不仲になっていたらしい。
- The Emperor Kotoku was on bad terms with Katsuragi no Miko, who was the de facto leader of the political reforms during the reign of Kotoku.
- 『古事記』によると、王は崇神天皇の命を受け、玖賀耳之御笠(くがみみのみかさ)退治。
- According to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), Prince Hikoimasu received an order from the Emperor Sujin to destroy 'Kugamimi no Mikasa.'
- 明治29年(1896年) ロシア皇帝ニコライ2世の戴冠式に明治天皇の名代として参列
- In 1896, in the position of representative for the Emperor Meiji, Prince Sadanaru attended the enthronement ceremony for the Russian Emperor Nicholai II, as the official representative of the Emperor Meiji.
- 倭迹迹日百襲媛命(やまとととひももそひめのみこと、生没年不詳)は、孝霊天皇の皇女。
- Yamatototohimomosohime no mikoto (date of birth and death unknown) was the Imperial princess of Emperor Korei.
- 737年(天平9年)玄蕃頭、中務大輔などを歴任し、その後讃岐国守、播磨国守を歴任。
- After becoming the Genba no Kami (Director of the Bureau of Buddhism and Aliens) in 737, he successively held the posts of Nakatsukasa no taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs), Sanuki no kuni no kami (Provincial Governor of Sanuki), and Harima no kuni no kami (governor of Harima Province).
- 同母兄に櫛角別王、双子の弟に日本武尊(日本武尊)がおり、異母兄弟に成務天皇がいる。
- The maternal half-brothers of Prince Oousu were Prince Kushitsunowake and Prince Yamato Takeru, his twin brother.
- 658年(皇極天皇4年)には曾甥孫にあたる有間皇子が処刑、曾孫である建皇子が早世。
- In 658, the Prince Arima, who was a great-grandnephew to her, was executed, and Takeru no miko, who was a great-grandchild to her, died young.
- 文武天皇の妻になったという説(梅原猛『黄泉の王』)もあるがこれも真相は不明である。
- One theory has it that she married the Emperor Monmu ('Yomi no Okimi,' Takeshi UMEHARA), but the truth is unknown.
- 退位の詔では新帝を「我子」と呼んで退位後も後見人としての立場で聖武天皇を補佐した。
- In the Imperial Abdication Edict, the Empress referred to the new emperor as 'my son' to proclaim guardianship, thereafter supporting Emperor Shomu after abdication.
- これは「神武天皇以来、一貫して男系で継承されてきた血筋」と言い換えることができる。
- This can also be paraphrased as 'the blood line which has consistently succeeded as the male line since Emperor Jimmu.'
- この御世に竺紫君石井(いはい)、天皇の命(みこと)に従わずして、多くの禮無かりき。
- In his reign, Tsukushi no Kimi Iwai often behaved disrespectfully to the word of the emperor.
- この一点を除けば、『古事記』の天皇没年干支から倭の五王が推測できるとも考えられる。
- It may be possible to conjecture the five kings of Wa from the Oriental zodiac of the years they died recorded in 'Kojiki', except for this inconsistency.
- 『日本書紀』では、武小広国押盾天皇(たけをひろくにおしたてのすめらみこと)と言う。
- In 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), he was referred to as Takeo Hirokuni Oshitate no Sumeramikoto.
- また天武の孫である何人かの王が皇位を狙って挙兵したが、いずれも失敗におわっている。
- Several Princes, the grandsons of Emperor Tenmu, raised an army in vain to seize the imperial throne.
- 宝亀3年(772年)に、光仁天皇は僧侶60人を派遣し、斎を設けて、その魂を鎮めた。
- In 772, Emperor Konin sent sixty Buddhist monks to hold a Buddhist service for the repose of the soul of the Emperor Junnin.
- 即位の礼では最重要の儀式が「正殿の儀」であり、天皇は束帯、皇后は十二単に身を包む。
- In Sokui no rei, 'Enthronement Ceremony' is the most important ceremony where the Emperor wears sokutai (traditional ceremonial court dress); and the Empress wears juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono).
- 明仁(あきひと、昭和8年(1933年)12月23日 -)は、日本の第125代天皇。
- The Emperor Akihito (December 23, 1933-) is the 125th Emperor in Japan.
- 昭和天皇・香淳皇后の第五子にして初の皇子誕生とあって、国民的な盛大な祝福を受ける。
- As he was the first prince born between the Emperor Showa and the Empress Kojun, who had already had four princesses, his birth was celebrated on a national scale.
- 結婚・独立後も週に一度から数度は参内し、父昭和天皇と食事を共にすることも多かった。
- The Crown Prince Akihito visited the Imperial Palace a few times a week even after the marriage to be independent, having a meal with his father, the Emperor Showa frequently.
- 大日本帝国憲法下の天皇の法的位置付けについては憲法学上さまざまな論争がなされてきた。
- For the Study of Constitution, there has been numerous discussions on the Emperor's legal position under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
- 当時大伯皇女は7歳、大津皇子は5歳で、母方の祖父である天智天皇に引き取られたという。
- When she died, the Princess Oku was seven years old and the Prince Otsu was five, so both were fostered out to the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji), their maternal grandfather.
- 弘化3年(1846年)、仁孝天皇が崩御し、祺子の養子となっていた統仁親王が即位する。
- In 1846, the Emperor Ninko died and the Imperial Prince Osahito, Yasuko's adopted child, ascended the throne.
- また公家の間にも引き続いて天皇家から高位の公家に養子に入る形での皇別氏族が誕生した。
- In the meantime, kobetsu shizoku (families derived from the Imperial family) were established by high-ranking court nobles adopting members of the Imperial family.
- 皇位は「御座居」(みくらい)の意味で、天皇の玉座である高御座に居るという意味である。
- The Imperial Throne is synonymous with the word 'Mikurai' that denotes sitting on 'Takamikura' (the Emperor's high seat in the ceremony of the sovereign) which also means the Imperial Throne.
- 藤原不比等と県犬養三千代(橘三千代)の娘であり、聖武天皇の母である藤原宮子は異母姉。
- She was a daughter between FUJIWARA no Fuhito and Agata no INUKAI no Michiyo (ACHIBANA no Michiyo) and FUJIWARA no Miyako, mother of Emperor Shomu, was her paternal half-sister.
- 武烈天皇の姉(妹との説もある)にあたる手白香皇女(たしらかのひめみこ)を皇后とした。
- He took Princess Tashiraka, the older (or younger) sister of Emperor Buretsu, as his empress.
- 称徳天皇は皇位継承者であったことから生涯独身を余儀なくされ、子をなすこともなかった。
- Emperor Shotoku was forced to remain single her entire life and never had children because she was a successor of the imperial throne.
- 1950年代から1960年代には、共産主義者を中心に天皇制の廃止を訴える意見もあった。
- Between the 1950s and 1960s, there was a movement for the abolition of the Tennosei mainly from the communists.
- 物部目大連は天皇を諌めて、身ごもりやすい人は褌が体に触れただけで身ごもりますと述べた。
- Mononobe no Me Omuraji advised the Emperor Yuryaku that there were some women who would become pregnant more easily; then those women could become pregnant through just contact with a fundoshi (a traditional under wear for male).
- また、天皇が存命中に皇位を他者に譲ること(譲位)は認められていない(皇室典範第四条)。
- It is not permitted that Emperor hands over the Imperial Throne to another person during his life time (the Imperial House Act, Article 4).
- 729年(天平元年)のときの長屋王の変では、藤原不比等の外孫であったために死を免れる。
- He survived the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao) occurred in 729 because he was a sotomago (grandchild from a daughter married into another family) of FUJIWARA no Fuhito.
- 大日本帝国憲法下においては、天皇は大日本帝国陸海軍の大元帥として統括する立場にあった。
- According to the Meiji Constitution (Constitution of the Empire of Japan), the Emperor was in the position to supervise the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy as Daigensui (Commander-in-chief).
- 葉山御用邸は、1926年12月25日、大正天皇の崩御に伴い、皇太子裕仁親王が践祚した。
- Upon demise of Emperor Taisho in December 25, 1926, Crown Prince Hirohito succeeded to the imperial throne at the Hayama Goyotei.
- 1906年(明治39年)に明治天皇より竹田宮(京都市伏見区の地名に由来)の宮号を賜る。
- In 1906 he was given the Miyago (reigning name) of Takedanomiya (whose origin is the name of the place in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City).
- 562年(欽明天皇23年)には、新羅に討伐軍を送るが、敵の罠にかかってしまい退却する。
- In 562, though the Emperor Kinmei sent punitive forces to Silla, they were trapped and forced to withdraw.
- また、世界最古の企業とされる金剛組が敏達天皇6年(578年)に発足したと伝わっている。
- It is also reported that KONGO-gumi, the world's oldest company established in 578.
- 淳仁天皇の御陵は淡路国三原郡(現在の兵庫県南あわじ市の天王森丘とされる)に造営された。
- The imperial mausoleum of Emperor Junnin was built in Mihara County, Awaji Province (it is said that the place is present day Tenomorioka, Minami-Awaji City, Hyogo Prefecture).
- 「日本国憲法で、天皇は日本国の象徴であり日本国民統合の象徴であると規定されています。」
- The Constitution of Japan provides that the Emperor is the symbol of Japan, as well as the symbol of the unity of the Japanese people.'
- そもそも戦前・戦中の天皇は主権者にして統治者であり、批判は許されなかった(絶対君主制)。
- First of all, Emperor was sovereign and a ruler before the World War II and during the World War II and no criticism was allowed (absolute monarchy).
- これは、聖徳太子の死を悼んで、死後に行ったとされる天寿国の様子を描かせたものと言われる。
- It is believed that mourning his death, TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume wished to picture the Tenjukoku paradise where the Prince Shotoku was believed to have been after his death.
- 軍部が天皇直隷を盾に独走・政府無視を続けて、もはや統制できない状況になるケースもあった。
- When the military was running away and ignoring the government using their position of being directly under the Emperor as a shield, the government had trouble regulating them.
- 大日本帝国憲法を起草した伊藤博文も、天皇に絶対君主の役割を期待するようなことはなかった。
- Even Hirobumi ITO, who drew up the Constitution of the Empire of Japan did not expect the Emperor to take the complete role of the monarch.
- 異母兄・用明天皇の皇后となり、聖徳太子(聖徳太子)・来目皇子・殖栗皇子・茨田皇子を生む。
- She married her older paternal half-brother, the Emperor Yomei, and became the mother of the Prince Shotoku, the Prince Kume, the Prince Ekuri (Eguri) and the Prince Manda.
- 天保7年(1836年)3月4日親王宣下を受け、節仁と命名されるが、翌日(実は同日)薨去。
- On April 19, 1836, he was given the title of Imperial Prince and renamed Misahito; however, he passed away on the following day.
- 12月3日に天智天皇が亡くなり、皇太子の大友皇子(弘文天皇)が朝廷を率いることになった。
- After the demise of the Emperor Tenchi on January 10, 672, the Crown Prince, the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) led the Imperial Court.
- 公式令 (律令法)によれば、まず天皇が勅の内容を侍従などに伝えてそれを中務省に伝達する。
- According to Kushiki-ryo (law on state documentary forms in the Yoro Code)(Ritsuryo), the emperor first passes on the contents of Choku to a jiju (a chamberlain) and then transmits to the Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs).
- 子は天豊津媛命(懿徳天皇皇后)のみで、跡継ぎがなかったと「先代旧事本紀」に記されている。
- Amatoyotsuhime no mikoto (Empress of Emperor Itoku) was his only child, and it is described in 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History) that he had no heir.
- 渟名城入媛命(ぬなきいりびめのみこと、生没年未詳)は、崇神天皇の皇女で、母は尾張大海媛。
- Princess Numaki iribime (Nunaki iribime no Mikoto; the dates of her birth and death are unknown) was a princess of the Emperor Suinin.
- しかし、645年(皇極天皇4年)に乙巳の変で蘇我蝦夷・蘇我入鹿親子の宗本家が滅ぼされる。
- In 645, however, the head family of the Soga clan of Soga no Emishi, the father and his son, SOGA no Iruka was destroyed in Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 都は石上穴穂宮(いそのかみのあなほのみや、現在の奈良県天理市田町、あるいは同市田部か)。
- It was Isonokami no anaho no miya Palace in the capital (which was allegedly located in present-day Tamachi or Tabe, Tenri City, Nara Prefecture).
- 鸕野讚良皇女(持統天皇)は父方の異母姉妹、母方の従姉妹で、夫の母であるため姑にもあたる。
- Uno no Sarara no himemiko (Empress Jito) was her paternal half-sister, maternal cousin and mother-in-law (her husband's mother).
- 養老8年/神亀元年2月4日 (旧暦)(724年3月3日)、皇太子(聖武天皇)に譲位した。
- On March 3, 724, the Empress abdicated the throne in favor of the crown prince (Emperor Shomu).
- ただし、教育勅語は例外であり、書面により発し、天皇の親署がある(国務大臣の副署はない)。
- However, Kyoiku Chokugo (Imperial Rescript on Education) is an exception, which is issued in writing and signed by Emperor himself or herself (without countersignature by Minister of State).
- 507年2月、樟葉宮(くすばのみや、大阪府枚方市楠葉丘の交野天神社付近が伝承地)で即位。
- The enthronement took place in Kusuba no miya Palace (the traditional place is the area near Katano-tenjinsha Shrine in Kuzuhaoka district, Hirakata City, Osaka Prefecture) in February, 507.
- 以上の点から、応神天皇の「ホムダワケ」と言う名も実名だった、とこの仮説では見なしている。
- From these points, the above hypothesis assumes that 'Homudawake' of Emperor Ojin was also a real name.
- 特に蘇我氏とは541年(欽明天皇2年)に稲目の娘である蘇我堅塩媛や蘇我小姉君を妃とした。
- With regards to relations with Soga clan, Emperor Kinmei selected Soga no Kitashihime and Soga no Oane no kimi (the daughters of SOGA no Iname) as his wives.
- 弟(おと)、橘の豊日命、池邊宮に坐しまして、天の下治らしめすこと、三歳(みとせ)なりき。
- Tachibana no Toyohi no mikoto (the term mikoto is an honorific for gods and persons of great importance in ancient Japan), who was a paternal younger brother of Emperor Bidatsu, ascended the throne at Ikenohe (or Ikenobe) no miya Imperial palace to govern the whole country when he was 3 years old.
- 欽明天皇の遺言である任那復興を目して百済と協議していたが、ほとんど進展は見られなかった。
- Although he discussed with Baekje, aiming at the revival of Mimana in accordance with Emperor Kinmei's last will, he made little progress in it.
- 即位の礼(そくいのれい)は、天皇が践祚(せんそ)の後、皇位を継承したことを公示する儀式。
- Sokui no rei is a ceremony that notifies publicly that the Emperor succeeded the Imperial Throne after the accession.
- 6月2日、イギリス・エリザベス2世 (イギリス女王)の戴冠式へ昭和天皇の名代として参列。
- He attended the coronation of Elizabeth Ⅱ (Queen of Britain) as the proxy of the Emperor Showa on June 2, 1953.
- 「天皇をたゞの人間に戻すことは現在の日本に於て絶対的に必要」(坂口安吾・1946年6月)。
- It is necessary in today's Japan to bring the status of the Emperor down to a normal human being' (Ango SAKAGUCHI, June 1946).
- 持統天皇8年(694年)8月17日に明日香皇女の病気平癒のために沙門108人を出家させた。
- On September 14, 694, the Empress Jito encouraged 108 people to enter the Buddhist priesthood, praying for the Imperial Princess Asuka's recovery from her illness.
- 子孫も孫の三船以降は天武系から天智系への皇統移行とほぼ同時に歴史に埋もれてしまう事となる。
- His descendants were buried in history after Mifune, along with the change of the imperial line from the Tenmu to the Tenji.
- 文政12年12月(1830年1月)、祺子は皇女を出産するが、天保2年(1831年)に夭折。
- In January 1830, Yasuko gave birth to a princess but she died young in 1831.
- 磐之媛命(いわのひめのみこと、生年不詳-仁徳天皇35年6月(347年)は、古墳時代の皇妃。
- Iwanohimenomikoto (year of birth unknown – June, 347) was an Empress of the Kofun period.
- 品位は天皇と皇太子を除く皇親の序列を示すものであり、一品親王は皇親の筆頭的な地位にあった。
- The Honi (court rank) shows the hierarchy of Koshin (emperor's family) excluding the emperor and the crown prince, so Ippon Shinno was one of the highest rank in Koshin.
- 『日本書紀』には名が見えず、「伊賀国名所記」に弘文天皇の同母妹と書かれているが真偽は不明。
- Her name is not mentioned in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), and the authenticity of the description in 'Iga no kuni Meishoki' (an illustrated guide to notable places of Iga Province) that she was a sister-uterine of the Emperor Kobun is unknown.
- 文様は冠親である五摂家いずれか固有のものを使うが、大正天皇以降は菊花紋章に固定されている。
- Unique pattern of one of Gosekke which served as a kanmuri-oya was used, but the 16-petal chrysanthemum crest has been always used since the reign of Emperor Taisho.
- 黄文王(きぶみおう、? ~天平宝字元年(757年)7月4日 (旧暦))は、奈良時代の皇族。
- The Prince Kibumi (year of birth unknown - July 28, 757) was a member of the Imperial Family who lived in the Nara period.
- 清寧天皇は、子がなかったため喜んで迎えを遣わし、翌年(482年)に2王を宮中に迎え入れた。
- Since Emperor Seinei had no children, he welcomed the two brothers into the imperial palace in 482.
- 和風諱号は日本根子高瑞浄足姫天皇(やまとねこたまみずきよたらしひめのすめらみこと)である。
- Her Japanese-style posthumous name is Yamato neko tamamizu kiyotarashi hime no sumeramikoto (the term sumeramikoto refers to emperor).
- 江戸時代にはほかに3人の皇后がいるが、すべて「天子の嫡妻」であり、いずれも中宮と呼ばれた。
- There were three other empresses in the Edo period, who were all 'lawful wives of emperors' and called chugu.
- 皇太后に準じる待遇で、皇后ではなかった母の権威を高めるために天皇がとった特別措置といえる。
- She was treated in the same way as an empress, and it was considered to be a special treatment taken by the emperor to increase the authority of her mother who was not an empress.
- また、正親町天皇の時も皇室財政から即位礼費用の拠出は叶わず、毛利元就の援助をして挙行した。
- Moreover, Emperor Ogimachi's enthronement ceremony was held with financial support from Motonari MORI because of Imperial financial difficulty.
- 諸事の決定については独立後も昭和天皇の決裁を仰ぎ、様々な事柄について報告していたと伝わる。
- Submitting various matters for the Emperor Showa's approval even after his independent, he informed the Emperor of all kinds of affairs.
- もっとも、天皇自身は中華人民共和国が反日を強めるまでは、この訪問を御製に詠むなどしていた。
- However, the Emperor had often referred to the visit to China by composing Waka (31-syllable Japanese poems) and other means until anti-Japanese sentiment in China became stronger.
- 大日本帝国憲法では、内閣の大臣は天皇を輔弼するもの(総理大臣も他の大臣と同格)と規定された。
- Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the Cabinet ministers were stated to support the Emperor (the Prime Minister was the same level as the other ministers).
- 准母(じゅんぼ)とは、天皇の生母でない女性が母に擬されること、または母に擬された女性の称号。
- Junbo means equating a woman who is not the real mother of the emperor with his mother or the title of a woman who is equated with the mother of the emperor.
- あるとき物部目大連 (古代日本)が庭を歩く女の子の姿を見て、天皇の姿によく似ていると述べた。
- One day, Mononobe no Me Omuraji saw the little girl (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) as she walked by in a garden inside the palace; later he told the Emperor Yuryaku, that the girl bore a strong family resemblance to him.
- 別の記述では「大俣王」とも書かれることから、敏達天皇の孫「大俣王」と同一人物と見る説もある。
- Since he was called 'Omata no miko' in other text, it is said that he was the same person as 'Omata no miko,' a grandchild of Emperor Bidatsu.
- なお、現在の日本では国民の祝日に関する法律によって、月日に基づき天皇誕生日が定められている。
- Under the Act on National Holidays, in present Japan, the Emperor's Birthday is determined according to the date of birth of the Emperor.
- 例えば天皇の息子(皇太子)と弟(皇太弟)というように、皇位継承をめぐって権力闘争が起こった。
- There were power struggles over succession to the Imperial Throne, such as an emperor's son (crown prince) and his younger brother (the younger brother of an emperor who is the heir apparent).
- この様な行動から、信長は天皇を廃して自身が日本の王になろうとしたのではないかという説がある。
- From such actions, there is a theory which says Nobunaga tried to become the king of Japan himself by putting an end to the Emperor.
- 新皇位への即位は京都朝廷へ奏上を行っており、相対する新たなる天皇という意味で新皇を名乗った。
- Enthronement to the new emperor was reported to the Emperor at the Kyoto Imperial Court and they identified themselves as the new emperor as opposed to the present one.
- 建皇子(たけるのみこ、白雉2年(651年) - 皇極天皇4年(658年)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Takeru no miko (651 - 658) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- 億計天皇(おけのすめらみこと)・大石尊(おおしのみこと)、意祁命・意富祁王(おおけのみこ)。
- He was also known as Oke no sumeramikoto (the term sumeramikoto refers to emperor), Oshi no mikoto (the term mikoto refers to god or person of great importance), or Oke no miko (which was written as '意祁命' or '意富祁王' in Japanese).
- 永祚 (日本)2年(990年)に藤原道隆の娘藤原定子が一条天皇のもとに入内して女御となった。
- FUJIWARA no Teishi, a daughter of FUJIWARA no Michitaka, entered into court for Emperor Ichijo and became nyogo in 990.
- 大行は「大いなる行ない」を意味し、ここでは死去した天皇への顕彰を表す語として用いられている。
- Taiko means 'great behavior,' where the word is used to pay honor to the demised Emperor.
- 記紀の記述を尊重して、継体天皇を大王家の「遠い傍系に連なる有力王族」とする旧来の説があった。
- The traditional theory respected the descriptions in Kiki and believed that the Emperor Keitai came from 'a powerful royal family in a distant collateral line' of the great king's family.
- 一方『日本書紀』の年次では、413年から479年の間の天皇は、允恭・安康・雄略の3名である。
- On the other hand, the chronology in 'Nihonshoki' writes there were only three Emperors between 413 and 479: Ingyo, Anko and Yuryaku.
- 天平宝字2年(758年)に孝謙天皇は退位し、仲麻呂が後見する大炊王が即位して淳仁天皇となる。
- In 758, upon the abdication of Empress Koken, Prince Oi assumed the throne to become Emperor Junnin who had the backing of Nakamaro.
- その後続いた長い戦乱の中、天皇の権威は衰えながらも主に文化・伝統の継承者として存続していった。
- Although the authority of Emperor was weakened after a long period of warfare which occurred following the split of the Imperial Court, the Imperial Court continued to exist mainly as the successor of culture and tradition.
- 二・二六事件の際は昭和天皇が激怒し、「自ら鎮圧に行く」とまで主張したため、反乱軍は鎮圧された。
- When the February 26th Incident occurred, because the Emperor Showa got enraged and insisted on going there himself to settle the situation, the rebels were subdued.
- 天武天皇8年(679年)吉野宮で吉野の盟約に参加し先の壬申の乱の様な戦渦を起こさぬ様誓約した。
- In 679 at Yoshino no miya, he joined the Oath in Yoshino vowing never to cause such calamitous war, the Jinshin War, to happen.
- 9世紀には桓武天皇の5世孫である桓武平氏の平将門が新皇として短い間ではあったが関東に君臨した。
- In the 9th century, TAIRA no Masakado from Kanmu-Heishi, the 5th generation descendant of Emperor Kanmu, reigned over Kanto region as a new emperor for a short period of time.
- 臣下は天皇の好物の酒を献上し、宴を賜ったという(「是日天長大酺群臣献翫好酒食宴畢賜禄有差」)。
- Vassals presented the Emperor's favorite alcohol and joined the party ('是日天長大酺群臣献翫好酒食宴畢賜禄有差').
- 宝暦5年(1755年)10月に従三位に叙され、11月に桃園天皇の後宮に入って女御宣下を受けた。
- She was conferred Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in November 1755, and became Nyogo with the imperial proclamation as entering the Emperor Momozono's court in December.
- 母親の身分が高くなかったことも関係して、数多くいた天武天皇の皇子の中では影の薄い存在であった。
- He was not distinguished among many of princes of the Emperor Tenmu, partially due to his mother's relatively low rank.
- 1820年(文政3年)仁孝天皇の後宮に入って権典侍となり、翌1821年(文政4年)典侍となる。
- In 1820, she was received at the court of Emperor Ninko and became 'Gon no naishi no suke' (a temporary maid of honor); She was promoted to 'Naishi no suke' (a court lady of the first rank) in 1821.
- しかし、天武天皇元年(672年)に起こった壬申の乱では、父と夫が戦うという事態になってしまう。
- However, in the Jinshin Rebellion which occurred in 672, her father and her husband ended up fighting against each other.
- 王の没後、藤原四兄弟は妹で聖武天皇の夫人であった光明皇后を皇后に立て、藤原四子政権を樹立する。
- After the death of the prince, the Fujiwara four brothers put up Empress Komyo, who was their sister and the wife of Emperor Shomu, as empress and established the administration by four brothers of the Fujiwara clan.
- 上記のデーモン小暮閣下の件でも判るように、今上天皇は芸能音楽やスポーツ界の事情にも通じている。
- As shown in the above-mentioned Mr. Demon Kogure's episode, the present Emperor knows a lot about public entertainments and popular music and the sports.
- 上代には践祚と即位との区別がなかったが、桓武天皇から践祚後に日を隔てて即位式を行う例ができた。
- Although there were no distinction between accession and enthronement in ancient times, the enthronement ceremony of Emperor Kanmu was held days after his accession.
- 昭和天皇からは名代として篤く信頼され「東宮ちゃんがいるから大丈夫」と手放しの賞賛を受けている。
- Enjoying the fullest confidence of the Emperor Showa as the proxy, he won the highest praise from the Emperor who said ' I am quite free from anxiety because the Crown Prince helps me.'
- 准母の選定は、父帝ではない先帝の嫡妻か、天皇の姉ないし叔母にあたる未婚の内親王の中から選ばれた。
- In selection of junbo, it was selected from the lawful wife of the former emperor who was not the father of the emperor and unmarried imperial princesses who were the elder sisters or the aunts of the emperor.
- 天皇はそれで、彼女の母が一夜で身ごもったのは異常であるため、自分の娘であるか疑っていると答えた。
- The Emperor Yuryaku replied that he had doubts whether the daughter was his own child because he thought it was unlikely that her mother had become pregnant from one night stand.
- そして、孫阿部内親王が即位(孝謙天皇)した749年には太皇太后の称号を受け、754年に崩御した。
- When her granddaughter the Imperial Princess Abe acceded to the throne and became the Empress Koken in 749, Miyako was conferred Grand Empress Dowager, and died in 754.
- 天智天皇4年2月25日(665年3月16日)に薨去し、斉明天皇陵である皇極天皇陵墓に合葬された。
- Hashihito no Himemiko passed away in March 16, 665 and was buried in the burial mound of the Empress Kogyoku, that is the Empress Saimei's tomb.
- 672年の壬申の乱のとき倭京にいて、大伴吹負の指揮権奪取に遭い、大海人皇子(天武天皇)に従った。
- When the Jinshin War took place in 672, Wakasa no Okimi was in the City of Yamato, and went over to the side of the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) after OTOMO no Fukei took control of the City of Yamato.
- 506年、武烈天皇が継嗣なく崩御したため、57歳の男大迹王は大伴金村や物部麁鹿火らの推薦があり。
- Because the Emperor Buretsu passed away without an apparent heir to succeed him in 506, Odo no Okimi, who was fifty-seven years old at that time, was recommended to be okimi (great king) by OTOMO no Kanamura and MONONOBE no Arakahi.
- 平安時代から鎌倉時代までは、当初は天皇や皇族、ひいては摂家や将軍家の戒名として院号が用いられた。
- From the Heian period to the Kamakura period, Ingo was used as Kaimyo of the Emperor and the Imperial Family at first, and then Sekke and Shogun families as well.
- 天武天皇4年(675年)3月16日に、諸王四位の栗隈王が兵政官長に、大伴御行が大輔に任じられた。
- On April 19, 675, Kurikuma no Okimi, Shoo Shii (princes without imperial proclamation but had Forth Court Rank), was appointed to Heiseikan Cho, and OTOMO no Miyuki to Taifu (vice-minister).
- 講書始(こうしょはじめ)とは毎年1月に天皇の学問始の一環として学者による進講を行う皇室年中行事。
- Koshohajime (New Year lecture in the court) is an annual event of the Imperial court in which Shinko (Scholars give a lecture or explain achievements to the Emperor, the Empress, and the nobility) is given by scholars as a part of the Emperor's start of learning in January every year.
- 式の終った時もまた執翳女嬬が翳を奉じたのち、進んで帳を垂れ、そののち、天皇は後房に帰りはいった。
- After a ceremony finished, Hatori nyoju shielded Emperor with Sashiha again and hung Tobari, and then he returned to Gobou (temple).
- 天武15年(686年)4月27日、父天皇の病平癒祈願のため大蕤娘らと一緒に伊勢神宮に遣わされる。
- On May 27, 686, she was sent to the Ise-jingu Shrine with Onuno iratsume to pray for the recovery of the emperor, who was her father.
- 泊瀬部皇女(はつせべのひめみこ、686年以前? - 741年(天平13年))は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Hatsusebe no himemiko (before 686? to 741) was a member of the Imperial Family who lived in the Asuka period.
- 現在、天皇が服喪期間内に公務で外出する必要があるときは、官報の皇室事項欄に除喪の旨が公表される。
- At present, when the Emperor needs to go out as a public service, an announcement to the effect that the Emperor's mourning period is over on the column of the Imperial House things in the official gazette.
- その後安康天皇は中蒂姫命を妃としたが、この一件によって、安康は自らの暗殺の原因を作ってしまった。
- Afterwards, Emperor Anko made Princess Nakashi as his consort, but due to this affair, he created the cause for his own assassination.
- すでに息子の他戸親王は立太子され、井上内親王が老齢の夫、光仁天皇を呪ったとは、信じ難い所がある。
- It is unbelievable that Imperial Princess Inoe cursed her old-aged husband, Emperor Konin, because Imperial Prince Osabe was already formally installed as Crown Prince.
- 天平16年(744年)1月13日 (旧暦)、弟の安積親王の死により、斎王の任を解かれ、退下する。
- On February 5, 744, she was dismissed from the post of Saio (high priestess) and resigned due to the death of her younger brother Prince Asaka.
- なお、「光明皇后」というのは諡号や追号の類ではなく通称で、正式な尊号は天平応真仁正皇太后という。
- Empress Komyo' was not a shigo (posthumous title) or a posthumous title, but a common name, and her formal honorary title was 天平応真仁正皇太后 (Empress Dowager Tenpyo Oshinninsho).
- 勅語(ちょくご)とは、原則として天皇が口頭により発する公務上の意思表示であり、詔勅の一種である。
- Chokugo means, in principle, the Emperor's verbal expression of his or her intention concerning official matters, and is a type of Shochoku (imperial rescript).
- 天皇位にある間は制約が多かったものの、譲位して上皇となると自由な立場になり君主としての実権を得た。
- While in the position of the Emperor, there were so many restrictions but once they abdicated the throne to become Joko (Retired Emperor), they became free and gained complete power as the monarch.
- 享保5年1月1日 (旧暦)(1720年2月8日)、第一皇子・昭仁親王(のちの桜町天皇)を出産する。
- On February 8, 1720, she gave birth to the first son, Imperial Prince Teruhito (later the Emperor Sakuramachi).
- 第106代正親町天皇の孫の八条宮智仁親王の第3王子で源氏(正親町源氏)を称し広幡家を興した広幡忠幸
- Tadayuki HIROHATA is the 3rd Prince of Imperial Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito (the grandson of the 106th Emperor Ogimachi), and he established Hirohata family under the name of the Minamoto Clan (the official name was Ogimachi-Genji).
- 栗隈王(くりくまのおおきみ、生年不明 - 天武天皇5年(676年)6月)は、日本の飛鳥時代の皇族。
- The Kurikuma no Okimi (year of birth unknown - July, 676) was a member of the Japanese Imperial Family in the Asuka period.
- 同年、光格天皇の猶子となり、天保3年(1832年)に親王宣下を受け、嘉言(よしこと)と命名される。
- The same year, he was adopted to the Emperor Kokaku and given the title of imperial prince and the name Yoshikoto.
- そのうち日本武尊は熊襲征討に行かせたことから、彼は万一成務天皇に何かあった場合の予備だったらしい。
- Among them, since YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto was sent to an expedition against Kumaso (a tribe living in the ancient Kyushu district), Iokiiribiko no miko was considered as a reserve in case something happened to Emperor Seimu.
- この時には元明天皇から氷高内親王への譲位が決まっておりそのための環境整備としての一品叙位であった。
- At that time, the abdication of the throne from the Empress Genmei to the Imperial Princess Hitaka had already been determined, and the granting Ippon was to create an environment suitable for the abdication.
- ただし古代の天皇については、そもそも血縁による皇位継承を行っていたかどうか疑問を呈する意見もある。
- There are opinions that doubt whether Emperors in ancient times succeeded to the Imperial Throne based on blood relationships in the first place.
- 531年に後継を皇子の勾大兄(安閑天皇)に譲位(記録上最初の譲位例)し、その即位と同日に崩御した。
- In 531, he abdicated in favor of Magari no Ooe Prince (Emperor Ankan) (the first abdication in recorded Japanese history), and passed away on the day of the Prince's enthronement.
- この説によれば、いわゆる万世一系は否定され、出自不明の第26代・継体天皇から新たな大王家が始まる。
- This theory denies so-called unbroken imperial line and says that a new great king's family was founded by the twenty-sixth Japanese Emperor Keitai whose origin is unknown.
- 織田信長、豊臣秀吉も天皇の存在や権威を否定せず、政治に利用することによって自らの権威を高めていった。
- Neither Nobunaga ODA nor Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI denied the existence and authority of the Emperor and by using the Emperors in their politics, they strengthened their own authority.
- 基本的には即位の礼を行い、天下に自分が天皇の位を継いだことを示すことで、昔は践祚との区別はなかった。
- It basically refers to the act of the new emperor or empress demonstrating that he or she has succeeded the predecessor by holding the Sokui no rei (ceremony of the enthronement), and there was no distinction between sokui and senso (accession to the throne) in the past.
- 妹の野讚良皇女とともに天武天皇の妃となり、大来皇女、大津皇子を生むが、夫の即位を見ずに若くして死ぬ。
- The Princess Ota, as well as her younger sister, Uno no Sarara, married the Emperor Tenmu, and gave birth to Oku no himemiko (the Princess Oku) and the Prince Otsu, but she died young before the enthronement of her husband.
- 泉皇女(いずみのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天平6年(734年)2月8日 (旧暦))は、天智天皇の皇女。
- The Imperial Princess Izumi (year of birth unknown - March 21, 734) was a princess of the Emperor Tenchi (Tenji).
- 后位(こうい)とは、先代あるいは当代の天皇の嫡妻に与えられた地位である太皇太后・皇太后・皇后を指す。
- Koi (the Position of Empress) indicates Grand Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager or Empress that was the position given to a legitimate wife of the present or previous retired Emperor.
- 仁賢天皇の時代は国中が良く治まり、人民から「天下は仁に帰し、民はその生業に安んじている」と評された。
- The Emperor Ninken ruled the country very well, and people said that the world was well governed by the emperor and the citizens were happy in their everyday work.
- 光仁天皇が宝亀元年(770年)10月1日 (旧暦)に即位し、同年の11月6日 (旧暦)、皇后となる。
- Emperor Konin enthroned on October 27, 770, and she became empress on November 6, in the same year.
- 一方、危機感を持った廃仏派の筆頭である物部守屋は、欽明天皇の息子の一人である穴穂部皇子と通じていた。
- On the other hand, MONONOBE no Moriya, who felt a sense of danger as the leader of an anti-Buddhist faction, had close contact with Prince Anahobe, one of the sons of Emperor Kinmei.
- 父は先帝仲哀天皇で、母は神功皇后こと息長足姫尊(おきながたらしひめのみこと)とされるが、異説も多い。
- It is said that his father was Ex-Emperor Chuai and his mother was Empress Jingu, namely Okinagatarashihime no mikoto, but there are many different opinions.
- 1928年(昭和3年)11月6日、昭和天皇は即位の礼を執り行う為、宮城を出発し、京都御所へ向かった。
- On November 6, 1928 (Showa 3), Emperor Showa left Miyagi and went to Kyoto Imperial Palace to hold the Sokui no rei.
- 父・昭和天皇同様、タイ王国をはじめとする東南アジア、及び動植物の宝庫であるマダガスカルとの縁が深い。
- Similar to his father the Emperor Showa, Imperial Prince Akishino-no-miya Fumihito has established good relationships with countries in Southeast Asia like the Kingdom of Thailand as well as Madagascar, a rich repository of animals and plants.
- 歴史学者の間では天皇が国家統治機構の前面に登場する近代以前の国家体制に適用することに対して批判もある。
- Some historians are against applying the word Tennosei to the state system before recent times because the Emperor was not in the front line of the national governing system.
- 明和8年(1771年)8月23日には従二位を、さらに天明3年(1783年)8月には従一位を追贈された。
- She was conferred the court ranks after her death:'Junii' (the Junior Second Rank) on August 23, 1771 and 'Juichii (the Junior First Rank) in August 1783.
- 稚狭王(わかさのおおきみ、生年不明 - 天武天皇7年(678年)9月)は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Wakasa no Okimi (year of birth unknown - September 678) was a person who lived during the Asuka period.
- 672年の壬申の乱で大友皇子(弘文天皇)の将となったが、味方の蘇我果安、巨勢比等(巨勢人)に殺された。
- He was the general of the army of the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) during the Jinshin war in 672, but he was killed by SOGA no Hatayasu and KOSE no Hito.
- 用明天皇の皇后であった時に、厩の戸口で厩戸皇子(聖徳太子)を出産したという『日本書紀』の逸話は有名だ。
- There is a famous anecdote in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) that when Anahobe no hashihito no himemiko was the empress of the Emperor Yomei, she gave birth to the Prince Umayado (the Prince Shotoku) at Umaya no toguchi (a door of a stable).
- ただし、前後の清寧・顕宗天皇などの実在を否定する立場からは、執政期間がさらに数年に及ぶとの推定もある。
- However, some estimates that her administration was longer than a few years from the standpoint of denying the existence of the predecessor and successor Emperor Seinei and Emperor Kenzo.
- しかし、翌天保13年(1842年)第6王子睦宮(よりのみや、後の伏見宮貞教親王)に家督を譲り隠居する。
- However, in 1842 the next year, he retired after transferring reigns of the family to his sixth son, Yorinomiya (later, renamed Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadanori).
- 天保8年4月2日(1837年5月6日)、家慶の将軍襲職によって本丸大奥に移るに当たり、御台所と称した。
- As Ieyoshi succeeded to become the Shogun on May 6, 1837, she moved into O-oku, the inner palace of the keep, and was addressed to Midaidokoro, the honorific title of shogun's legal wife.
- 幼少の天皇の准母、すでに譲位した上皇の妻など「天子の嫡妻」の条件に当てはまらない皇后は皇后宮とされる。
- An empress that did not meet the conditions of 'lawful wife of an emperor', such as young emperor's Junbo (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's birth mother) and a wife of retired emperor, was called Kisai no miya.
- 河内磯長中尾陵(太子西山古墳、大阪府南河内郡太子町 (大阪府)大字太子)が敏達天皇陵に比定されている。
- Kauchi no shinaga no nakanoo no misasagi(Taishi Nishiyama Tumulus located in Oaza Taishi, Taishi-cho, minamikawachi-gun, Osaka Prefecture) was presumed to be the Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Bidatsu.
- しかし翌年、称徳天皇は河内の由義宮に行幸し同地を西京とする旨を宣したのち、病臥、100日余で崩御した。
- The next year, Emperor Shotoku visited Yugeno-miya Detached Palace in Kawachi Province and declared to designate the place as the western capital of Japan but she soon fell sick and died about 100 days later.
- また昭和天皇が敗戦で喪ったものを慰霊の旅を通して、昭和の負の遺産に向き合うことによって抱え込んでいる。
- Moreover, he has sincerely reflected the losses Japan incurred from the defeat in the days of the Emperor Showa, by facing the negative assets in the Showa period through journeys to comfort the war dead.
- 「天皇制の下に他国とは趣の異なったデモクラシーの運用が行われねばならぬ」(安岡正篤・1945年12月)。
- Under the Tennosei, we should carry out a different type of democracy from those of other countries' (December 1945, Masahiro YASUOKA).
- 同母妹の野讚良皇女がのちに皇后となったことからみても、長生きしていれば天武の皇后となるはずの妃であった。
- Guessing from the fact that her younger sister-uterine, the Princess Uno no Sarara became an empress later, if the Princess Ota had lived longer, she would have become the empress of Tenmu.
- 大田皇女(おおたのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇6年(667年)2月 (旧暦)頃)は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- The Imperial Princess Ota (year of birth unknown - c. March, 667) was one of the Imperial Family members during the Asuka period.
- 天皇家の庶家としてその家系は価値を有しており、歴史上皇別・王孫の氏族の出であると偽ったものも少なくない。
- Being one of the branch families of the Imperial family gave the value to the family line, and not a few cases that persons pretended to be a member of Kobetsu/Oson are found in Japanese history.
- ここに至って纓の先端が垂れずに頭上に上がったままの現在も天皇が被る御立纓(ごりゅうえい)の冠が登場した。
- Court caps called Goryuei (literally, 'standing ei'), whose ei did not hang down but stood on the head, finally appeared during this period, and this type of Court caps are still used by the current Emperor.
- その遺言通り、現在は斉明天皇陵に埋葬されている(近くには叔母・間人皇女と姉・大田皇女も埋葬されている)。
- In accordance with the will, he has been entombed in the Imperial mausoleum of the Empress Saimei (His aunt, Hashihito no Himemiko and his older sister, Ota no himemiko, have also been entombed nearby.)
- また、皇極・斉明天皇の宝皇女もその可能性が高いと平林章仁氏(大和高田市片塩中学校教諭)等は指摘している。
- Akihito HIRABAYSHI (a teacher of Katashio Junior High School in Yamatotakada City) and others point out that it is highly likely that the Empress Kogyoku or the Saimei was called Takara no Himemiko for the same reason.
- 自身も白村江の戦いの敗戦直後、孫の葛城皇子(後の天智天皇)の正式な即位を見ないまま、664年に薨去した。
- In 664, immediately after the defeat in the Battle of Hakusukinoe, she passed away without being able to see the official enthronement of her grandson, Katsuragi no Miko (who was later to become the Emperor Tenchi).
- 清寧天皇2年11月(481年12月)、弘計王自ら新室の宴の席で、歌と唱え言に託して王族の身分を明かした。
- In December, 481, the younger Oke no miko revealed that the two brothers were members of the imperial family at a banquet of a new house by means of a song and chant.
- 堀河天皇の准母として皇后となったてい子内親王は「天子の嫡妻」ではなく、生涯独身であったが、中宮とされた。
- Imperial Princess Teishi who became an empress as junbo of Emperor Horikawa was called chugu though she was not a 'lawful wife of an emperor' and remained single her entire life.
- 正殿の儀にて使用される玉座は天皇のものを高御座(たかみくら)、皇后のものを御帳台(みちょうだい)と呼ぶ。
- The Imperial thrones used at the Enthronement Ceremony are called Takamikura (Imperial Throne) for the Emperor and Michodai for the Empress.
- 中華人民共和国からはその後2008年、北京オリンピック開会式に天皇の訪中の要請がなされたが、断っている。
- Although the People's Republic of China requested the Emperor to attend the opening ceremony of Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, the Imperial Household Agency turned down the request.
- ものの、異母兄の大鷦鷯尊(おおさざきのみこと、後の仁徳天皇)に皇位を譲るべく自殺したという美談で知られる。
- Then Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko would commit suicide in order to pass the Imperial Throne to Prince Osazaki (Osazaki no Mikoto, later Emperor Nintoku); this episode became a well known and beautiful story in Japan.
- 長く苦しむ事となる病気にかかりながらも、跡継ぎを生み、天皇の后としての最低限の役割は果たした宮子であった。
- While fighting against her illness for a long time, Miyako fulfilled her minimum duty as an empress of an emperor by giving birth to a prince heir.
- しかし『万葉集』の註には斉明天皇作との旨が記されているなどの異伝も見られ、必ずしも確証があるわけではない。
- However, it has been pointed out that the argument is lacking in sufficient evidence, and some researchers argue that there are notes in 'Manyoshu' saying the poem was written by the Empress Saimei.
- 間人皇女はそれに伴い皇后となり、葛城皇子(中大兄皇子、後の天智天皇)を皇太子とし、大化の年号が採用された。
- Following the enthronement of the Emperor Kotoku, Hashihito no Himemiko became the empress and Katsuragi no Miko (Naka no Oe no Oji, who later became the Emperor Tenchi) held the rank of crown prince and the new era name, Taika was established.
- 白雉4年(653年)に葛城皇子は天皇の意に反し、皇極や間人皇女の他、多くの官僚を率いて飛鳥に戻ってしまう。
- In 653 ignoring the Emperor Kotoku's opposition, Katsuragi no Miko moved back to Asuka taking Kogyoku, Hashihito no Himemiko and many government officials with him.
- 平安時代の公卿・源光(みなもと・の・ひかる=仁明天皇皇子、右大臣)については、源光 (公卿)を参照のこと。
- Regarding a court noble in the Heian period, MINAMOTO no Hikaru (a prince of Emperor Nimyo, udaijin [minister of the right]), refer to MINAMOTO no Hikaru (court noble).
- 天慶の乱などによる軍事的緊張が高まった10世紀前半に一番の充実が図られたと言われているが、その後衰微した。
- It is said the system saw fullest administration in the first half of the tenth century when military tension caused by revolts such as Tengyonoran (the war of Tengyo) was heightened but diminished afterwards.
- 日本においては27年後の宝亀6年(775年)の光仁天皇の時代、10月13日に天長節の儀がとりおこなわれた。
- In Japan, in 775 (the Emperor Konin's era) which is 27 years after that, a ceremony of tencho setsu was held on October 13.
- また、その後「天子の嫡妻」ではない女性に名誉称号として皇后の位を与える慣行も並行して行われるようになった。
- It became an institution that an honorary title of empress was given to a woman who was not a 'lawful wife of an emperor'.
- 安閑天皇の治世の出来事としては、屯倉の大量設置(30ヶ所以上に上る)、それに伴う犬養部の設置が挙げられる。
- As for events during the reign of Emperor Ankan, setting up a large number (more than 30 locations) of miyake (Imperial-controlled territory) and corresponding deployment of Inukaibe (corporation of dogkeepers) can be mentioned.
- 天平神護元年(765年)には墾田永年私財法によって開墾が過熱したため、寺社を除いて一切の墾田私有を禁じた。
- In 765, she prohibited any kind of private ownership of land, except for temples and shrines, because the land was overly cultivated due to the Law Permitting Permanent Ownership of Newly Cultivated Land.
- 鎌倉に武家政権が成立すると、天皇・上皇を中心とした朝廷と将軍を中心とした幕府とによる二重政権の様相を呈した。
- When the samurai government was established in Kamakura (in 1192), it became a dual government of the Chotei (Imperial Court), centered with the Emperor and the retired Emperor and Bakufu (samurai government) with a shogun in the middle.
- しかし、尊皇攘夷派の志士の一部は天皇を「玉」(ぎょく)と呼び、政権を取るために利用する道具だと認識していた。
- However, some Sonno-joi supporters were calling Emperor 'gyoku' or 'tama' and they were aware that Emperor was a tool for them to use for attaining the political power.
- また、終戦の際、ポツダム宣言の受諾・降伏を決定することは総理大臣にも出来ず、天皇の「聖断」を仰ぐ他なかった。
- When deciding whether to accept the Potsdam Declaration and surrender at the end of World War II, even the Prime Minister was not allowed to decide it by himself and so they had to ask the Emperor to make an 'Imperial decision'.
- 701年、首(おびと)皇子(後の聖武天皇)を出産したが、心的障害に陥り、その後は長く皇子に会う事はなかった。
- In 701 Miyako gave birth to the Prince Obito (later the Emperor Shomu), but suffering from mental illness, she did not have a chance to see the prince for a long time.
- 壬申の乱が勃発したとき、近江宮の大友皇子(弘文天皇)は、樟磐手を使者として筑紫国に送り、兵を送るよう命じた。
- When the Jinshin War broke out, the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) in Omi no miya sent KUSU no Iwate as an emissary to Tsukushi Province and ordered Kurikuma no Okimi to send his troops to Omi no miya to support the prince.
- 寛保2年(1742年)桜町天皇の猶子となり、翌寛保3年(1743年)10月親王宣下を蒙り、邦忠と命名される。
- In 1742, he was adopted by the Emperor Sakuramachi and in 1743, he received the title of the Imperial Prince and was named Kunitada.
- 文化 (元号)10年(1813年)、16歳のとき、2歳年下の皇太子恵仁親王(のちの仁孝天皇)の妃として入内。
- In 1813, she made judai (an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into court) as the empress of the Crown Prince Ayahito (the Imperial Prince Ayahito, later the Emperor Ninko), who was two years younger than she, at the age of 16.
- 万葉集巻20-4479に「藤原夫人歌一首」があり、「浄御原宮御宇天皇之夫人也 字曰氷上大刀自也」と注がある。
- The waka poem No. 4479 in the volume 20 of Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) is titled 'a waka poem by Fujiwara fujin,' and accompanied with a note stating that 'she is the wife of the Kiyomihara no miya Gyou Tenno (the Emperor Tenmu), and her azana (Chinese courtesy name used in formal situations) is HIKAMI no Otoji.'
- これは当時既に天武天皇の子女の中で彼女が最後の生存者になっていたために格別な敬意が払われたものとされている。
- It is said that she was granted the rank as a token of special respect to her, who was the only living child of the Emperor Tenmu at the time.
- 七殿五舎(しちでんごしゃ)とは、平安京内裏の紫宸殿や仁寿殿の後方に位置し、主に天皇の后妃の住まう殿舎を指す。
- Shichidengosha refers to the palace buildings located behind Shishinden (The Throne Hall) and Jijuden (literally, hall of benevolence and longevity) in the dairi (inner palace grounds) of the Heian Palace, which were mainly used as the residence of the empresses of the emperors.
- また、天皇近親者の喪である諒闇(りょうあん)に際しては文官も巻纓冠を着用するが、柏挟との混同の可能性もある。
- It is said that civil officers also wore keneikan during ryoan (Court mourning of close relatives of an emperor), but there is a possibility that it is confounded with kashiwabasami.
- 大草香皇子(おおくさかのみこ、生年不詳 - 安康天皇元年2月1日 (旧暦)(454年))は、古墳時代の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Okusaka (Okusaka no miko, year of birth unknown - March 16, 454) was a member of the Imperial family who lived during the Kofun period (tumulus period).
- 天皇が重要な神事において無紋の冠を被り、纓をいったん頭上に上げて折り返し、巾子ごと白い平絹の帯で結んだもの。
- This is a Court cap with no crest which is worn by an emperor at significant ritual ceremonies, with its ei folding over on his head to fix it together with koji with a band of white silk.
- 残された孫の首(おびと)皇子(後の聖武天皇)はまだ幼かったため、中継ぎとして、初めて皇后を経ないで即位した。
- Since the surviving grandchild, Obito no miko (the future Emperor Shomu), was too young, Ahe no himemiko succeeded to the throne to connect the Imperial line, as the first empress who had never been an empress consort before.
- もしこの説が正しければ、継体天皇が畿内勢力の抵抗にあい、長期に渡って奈良盆地へ入れなかったとする説が崩れる。
- If this hypothesis is correct, it will undermine the theory which believes that the resistance from the forces in Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) retarded Emperor Keitai' entry into Nara Basin for years.
- この天皇、稲目(いなめ)の大臣の女、意富藝多志比売(おほぎたしひめ)を娶して、生ませる御子、多米(ため)王。
- The Emperor married Princess Ohogitashi-hime, a daughter to O-omi (a minister) Iname, and had a son named Prince Tame no miko.
- 平成19年(2007年)の佐賀県行幸の際、到着した天皇を出迎えた市民の一部が自然発生的に君が代を歌い始めた。
- During the Imperial visit to Saga Prefecture in 2007, there was an episode that some citizens welcomed the Emperor spontaneously started singing Japan's national anthem.
- 第二次世界大戦が終わると、共産主義や近代政治学(前記の丸山眞男ら)の立場などから天皇制批判が数多く提議された。
- After World War II, there came numerous criticisms of the Tennosei from the perspective of communism and modern political science (from people such as Masao MARUYAMA who was mentioned above).
- しかし、次第に大王 (ヤマト王権)の子弟を指すようになり、天皇の成立とともに皇子の字があてられるようになった。
- However, it gradually came to refer to the children and younger brothers of Okimi (great king) of the Yamato sovereignty, and upon the establishment of the emperor, 皇子, the character of Miko, started to be used for the naming.
- 近年の研究では、継体天皇即位の正当性を示すために系譜作成の段階で挿入された人物としてその実在性を疑われている。
- In recent research and historical study, doubt was cast on the existence of Prince Ohodo; this was effected in the belief of some scholars that Prince Ohodo was an implant; being a fictitious person inserted during the process of creating the genealogy tables, in an attempt to show the legitimacy in the enthronement of the Emperor Keitai.
- 橘娘(たちばなのいらつめ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇10年2月29日 (旧暦)(681年))は、阿倍倉梯麻呂の娘。
- TACHIBANA no Iratsume (year of birth unknown - March 26, 681) was a daughter of ABE no Kurahashimaro.
- 天智天皇が病に倒れた際、天武天皇は、倭姫王が即位し、弘文天皇が太政大臣として摂政を執ることを進言したとされる。
- It is said that when the Emperor Tenchi fell ill, the Emperor Tenmu advised that Yamatohime no Okimi to ascend the throne, and the Emperor Kobun to become Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) to serve as sessho (emperor's chief advisor).
- 陵号は「続日本紀」奉葬の条には「椎山陵」、天平勝宝4年閏3月の条には「直山陵」、遺詔に「蔵宝山雍良岑」とある。
- The name of the mausoleum is recorded as follows: 'Narayama no misasagi' in an article on imperial funerals in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicles of Japan Continued); 'Naoyama no misasagi' in an article under the heading of leap March in the fourth year of the Tenpyo-shoho era; and 'Sahoyama yoranomine' in the Empress's own will.
- その天皇が、別の妻を2人目の皇后とする場合、1人目の皇后は皇后宮に移り、あとから皇后になった者が中宮とされる。
- If the emperor put up another wife as the second empress, the first one became Kisai no miya and the second one was called chugu.
- 継体天皇以降は、大和国の勢力と越前国や近江国など北方の豪族の勢力が一体化し、ヤマト王権の力が国内で強くなった。
- After the reign of Emperor Keitai, the force in Yamato Province and the forces of local ruling families in Echizen province, Omi Province, and other northern areas were unified, which strengthened the power of Yamato sovereignty (the ancient Japan sovereignty) in Japan.
- 『古事記』では、景行天皇が設置した地方官の官職名であり、皇族から分かれて諸地方に分封された豪族の称としている。
- According to 'Kojiki,' it is a name of a government post of a local official which Emperor Keiko established and is a title for local ruling families who separated from the Imperial family and were given lands in various regions.
- 確実性を増してからの書紀の記述による限り、天皇に和風諡号を追号するようになったのは6世紀の半ば以降と見られる。
- According to descriptions of Nihonshoki after it increased certainty, it seems to be after the middle of the sixth century when it began to give a Japanese-style posthumous name to the Emperor.
- そして、淳仁天皇が孝謙上皇と道鏡との関係について諫言したことを契機にして両者の関係は対立するようになっていく。
- Emperor Junnin protested against the relationship between Retired Empress Koken and Dokyo, which led to the confrontation between them.
- 来目皇子(くめのみこ、生年不詳 - 推古天皇11年2月4日 (旧暦)(603年3月25日))は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Kumenomiko (year of birth unknown - March 25, 603) was an Imperial Family member during the Asuka period.
- この反乱は、後の草壁皇子・大津皇子の対立をベースとして応神天皇即位の正当性を示すために創作されたとする説もある。
- There is a view that this rebellion was created in order to legitimize the enthronement of the Emperor Ojin based upon the dispute between Prince Kusakabe and Prince Otsu.
- 内親王の結婚相手は律令の「継嗣令」では天皇もしくは四世以上の皇族に限るとされ、古代には非皇族との結婚はなかった。
- According to 'the Heir Decree' in the Ritsuryo codes, an Imperial Princess should marry an Emperor or a member of Imperial family who was within the fourth generations of an Emperor, and in ancient times there was no marriage between an Imperial Princess and non-imperial family.
- 大宝律令以後において天皇の私的命令あるいは特定個人に対する命令である勅について原則的にはこの形式で出されていた。
- After Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), the emperor's private order or an order to a specific individual was used generally by this form.
- また直系継承の傾向に伴って妃となる資格を有した内親王は結果的に天皇の異母姉妹や叔母に限定されていくことになった。
- With the increase of succession by direct descent, the Imperial princess who was qualified to Hi was limited to Emperor's maternal half-sister and aunt.
- なお平将門の出身である桓武平氏は、臣籍降下した皇胤であり、将門は桓武天皇の続柄玄孫(一説には続柄来孫)にあたる。
- Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), whose origin is TAIRA no Masakado, demoted from nobility to subject and is an Imperial descendant (posterity) which makes Masakado related to Emperor Kammu as his great-great-grandson (one theory says related as a great-great-great-grandchild).
- 同3年8月9日 (旧暦)(456年9月24日)、天皇は中蒂姫の連れ子眉輪王(まよわのおおきみ)により暗殺された。
- In September 24, 456, Emperor Anko was assassinated by Mayowa no Okimi, a child by Nakashihime's former marriage.
- 天皇は遊猟にかこつけて郎姫の許に行幸を続けたが、10年(421年)皇后に諌められ、その後の茅渟行幸は稀になった。
- Emperor continued the imperial visit to iratsume using hunting as his excuse, but in 421, he was warned by the Empress, thereafter rarely visiting Chinu.
- 尊は病気を理由に再三辞退して空位が続いたが、允恭天皇元年12月(413年1月)、忍坂大中姫の強い要請を受け即位。
- He repeatedly refused to accept the emperorship on the ground of being ill, so that the throne remained vacant, but in January, 413, upon strong request from Oshisaka no onakatsu hime no mikoto, he finally acceded to the throne.
- その後、天平元年(729年)に夫人光明皇后が皇后に立てられると、宮子に付置されている中宮職の扱いが問題となった。
- The treatment of Chugushiki assigned to Miyako became a problem when Empress Komyo was put up as an empress in 729.
- しかし漢詩集『懐風藻』や『万葉集』には「父・天智が大友皇子を立太子(正式な皇太子と定めること)していた」とある。
- However, according to a collection of Chinese poetry 'Kaifuso' (Fond Recollections of Poetry), and 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), 'his father, Emperor Tenchi, decided that Prince Otomo ought to be the formal Crown Prince.'
- 和風諡号は、『古事記』に広国押建金日命(ひろくにおしたけかなひのみこと)、『日本書紀』に広国押武金日天皇とある。
- His Japanese-style posthumous name was shown as Hirokumioshitakekanahi no Mikoto in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), and as Hirokunioshitakekanahi no Sumeramikoto in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- 鈴鹿王(すずかのおおきみ、生年不詳 - 天平17年9月4日 (旧暦)(745年10月17日))は、奈良時代の皇族。
- Suzuka no Okimi (year of birth unknown - October 17, 745) was an Imperial Family member during the Nara period.
- 『日本書紀』巻28、いわゆる「壬申紀」は、天武天皇元年(672年)の一年間を記し、そのほとんどを壬申の乱にあてる。
- Volume 28 of 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), which is called 'Jinsinki', recorded the First Year of Emperor Tenmu (672) and most of its sections were allotted to the Jinshin War.
- 'Nihonshoki' Vol. 28, what is called 'Jinshinki' is the record of the whole year of 672, the first year of the reign of Emperor Tenmu, and the most of the description is about the Jinshin War.
- そこで祺子が後添いとして天皇のもとに入内することとなり、文政8年(1825年)、15歳で入内し、女御宣下を受ける。
- Then, Yasuko had to enter into the court as the second consort of the emperor at the age of 15 in 1825, and received senge (imperial proclamation) for Nyogo.
- 602年(推古天皇10年)征新羅将軍であった異母兄弟の来目皇子が没した後、翌年の603年4月に征新羅将軍となった。
- After the Prince Kume, a paternal half-brother, who was a general in charge of conquering Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) died in 602, he was assigned as the general in May, 603.
- この時点の冠は聖徳太子の妃の指導で製作されたといわれる「天寿国繍帳」などを見るに、絹製の帽子のようなものであった。
- According to the 'Tenjukoku Shucho' (embroidery representing Tenjukoku paradise), which is said to have been made under the direction of the wife of Prince Shotoku, Court caps used in those days were something like a silk cap.
- 平将門は、一族の内部抗争を勝抜き坂東(関東一円)を制圧すると、天慶2年(939年)、上野国庁で即位の儀礼を行った。
- TAIRA no Masakado, after conquering Bando (old Kanto region), having won out family struggles, held a ceremony of enthronement at the local government of Kozuke in 939.
- 兄である木梨軽皇子には近親相姦疑惑があったとされているが、安康天皇も近親相姦をしていたのではないかという説がある。
- While Emperor Anko's brother Kinashi no Karu no Miko was suspected of incest, one theory has it that Emperor Anko, too, allegedly committed incest.
- 和風諡号は「日本根子天津御代豊國成姫天皇」(やまとねこあまつみよ(みしろ)とよくになりひめのすめらみこと)である。
- Her Japanese-style posthumous name was Yamato neko amatsu miyo (mishiro) toyokuni narihime no sumeramikoto (the term sumeramikoto means an emperor).
- それを明和年間、藤貞幹(藤原貞幹、誤伝により藤井貞幹)が見て「東大寺要録」を参酌して元明天皇陵刻字之碑を考定した。
- During the Meiwa era, Teikan TO (also called Sadamoto FUJIWARA, or mistakenly Sadamoto FUJII) saw the monument, and taking 'Todaiji Yoroku' (literally, Digest Record of Todai-ji Temple) into consideration, he identified it as the Empress Genmei's inscribed monument that used to stand at her mausoleum.
- 崩御(ほうぎょ)は、天皇、皇帝、国王、太皇太后、皇太后、皇后、その他君主等の死を婉曲的に、かつ敬意を込めて指す語。
- Hogyo refers to the death of emperors, czar, kings, grand empress dowagers, empress dowagers, empresses, and other monarchs euphemistically and respectfully.
- しかし、天皇の子女の身位として親王や内親王が定着すると、特定の皇族子女の呼称としての皇子や皇女は使用されなくなった。
- Yet, Miko and Himemiko became no longer used as the naming of specific imperial children, once Shino and Naishino (imperial princess) became established as the appellation for the children of the emperors.
- However, Miko and Himemiko stopped to be used as the naming of the specific imperial children, upon the establishment of Shino (imperial prince) and Naishino as the statuses of the emperors' children.
- 壬申の乱の際に、美濃国に本営を設けた大海人皇子(天武天皇)に対し、大津の近江宮にあった朝廷は、数万の軍勢を派遣した。
- During the Jinshin war, the Imperial Court based in Omi no miya palace in Otsu sent tens of thousands of soldiers to Mino Province where the headquarters of the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) was located.
- もとは天皇、三后のみに許されていた院号が、臣下にも普及するようになったのは、関白藤原兼家が法興院を称したことによる。
- Ingo, which was originally conferred on only the Emperor and three Empresses: the Empress, the Empress Dowager and the Grand Empress Dowager, began being conferred among subjects when the chief adviser to the Emperor, FUJIWARA no Kaneie called himself as Hokoin.
- 日本の皇族の幼少時に与えられる称号で、現在は天皇の子女及び皇太子の子女に対して与えられ、宮家の子女には与えられない。
- Goshogo is a title given to a member of the Imperial family in Japan when he or she is young, and presently it is given to Emperor's children and Crown Prince's children but not to children of Miyake (families allowed to have the status of Imperial family).
- 現在の皇太子である徳仁親王の長女・愛子内親王の御称号(及び名)は、皇太子夫妻の意向を汲んで天皇が選んだとされている。
- The Goshogo (and the name) of Imperial Princess Aiko, the oldest daughter of Imperial Prince Naruhito who is the present Crown Prince, is said to have been chosen by the Emperor by taking into consideration of the wish of the Crown Prince and Princess.
- 舒明天皇8年(636年)に官人の勤務制度について大臣 (日本)の蘇我蝦夷に下記の意見をだしているが、無視されている。
- In 636, he provided the following idea about government officials working system to a minister SOGA no Iruka, but Iruka ignored it.
- しかしながら、用明天皇は天然痘のため、在位二年あまりの587年4月9日(古事記では4月15日 (旧暦))に死去した。
- However, Emperor Yomei died of smallpox on April 9, 587 (cf. in the 'Kojiki' the date of death was April 15 [old lunar calendar]).
- 大宝律令制定後、女性天皇の即位が相次ぎ、皇后が立てられることがなかったので、中宮職は実際には機能しない状態が続いた。
- After the establishment of Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), female emperors were enthroned successively and empresses were not appointed, thus Chugushiki did not work in fact.
- 大友皇子が香炉を手にして立ち、「六人心を同じくして、天皇の詔を奉じる。もし違うことがあれば必ず天罰を被る」と誓った。
- Prince Otomo stood with an incense burner in his hand and vowed, saying 'Having the same spirit of faith, these six members promise to obey the imperial edict. If we break the promise, we'll be sure to be punished by heaven.'
- 天平宝字8年(764年)藤原仲麻呂の乱が起きた後も、最大の後見人であるはずの仲麻呂と行動をともにすることは無かった。
- In 764, after the revolt of Fujiwara no Nakamaro, Emperor Junnin didn't act together with his supposed best guardian, Nakamaro.
- 757年(天平宝字元年)、聖武天皇の遺言によって立太子した道祖王に代わって、未婚の女帝・孝謙天皇により立太子された。
- In 757, he was installed as the Crown Prince by the unmarried Empress Koken on behalf of Prince Funado who became the Crown Prince according to the will of Emperor Shomu.
- 39年5ヵ月後の平成7年(1995年)8月村山内閣改造内閣で初入閣し今上天皇たる明仁から文部大臣の認証を受けている。
- He became a Cabinet member for the first time 39 years and five months later in August 1995, being certified as the Minister of Education by the present Emperor Akihito.
- 10世紀には貴族層の中でも天皇と強い姻戚関係を結んだ藤原氏(藤原北家)が政治意思決定の中心を占める摂関政治が成立した。
- During the tenth century, the regency of the Fujiwara clan (Fijiwara-Hokke, the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan) who had a strong matrimonial relationship with the Emperor, was established in the central position of decision making.
- 藤原 宮子(ふじわら の みやこ、? - 天平勝宝6年7月19日 (旧暦)(754年8月11日))は藤原不比等の長女。
- FUJIWARA no Miyako (year of birth unknown - August 11, 754) was the first daughter of FUJIWARA no Fuhito.
- 間人皇女(はしひとのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇4年2月25日 (旧暦)(665年3月16日))は飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Hashihito no Himemiko (year of birth unknown - March 16, 665) was an Imperial Family member during the Asuka period.
- 葛野王(かどののおおきみ、天智天皇8年(669年)頃?-慶雲2年(705年)12月)は大友皇子(弘文天皇)の第一皇子。
- Kado no okimi (c. 669 - December, 705) was the first prince of the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun).
- 文に長けていたと伝えられているが、壬申の乱で敗れた弘文天皇の皇子であるため、朝廷内でも当初は評判が悪かったようである。
- Although he is said to have been literally talented, as he was a prince of the Emperor Kobun who lost the Jinshin war, he seemed to have a bad reputation in the beginning.
- 明治後期から敗戦までは天皇制などと表現することは不敬な表現であり、国体(=くにがら、くにぶり/漢書成帝紀)とよばれた。
- From the end of the Meiji period until the end of the World War II to describe the system as Tennosei (Emperor System) was to commit blasphemy; the system was called kokutai made up of two kanji (fundamental character of the nation) in the Chinese way of reading and kunigara or kuniburi in the Japanese way of reading; the term was derived from the Records of Emperor Cheng of Han in Kanjo (Historical records of the Han Dynasty).
- 昭和天皇の誕生日は、平成元年(1989年、昭和64年)に祝日法の改正で「みどりの日」とされ、国民の祝日として残された。
- The birthday of the Emperor Showa became the 'Greenery Day' at the revision of the Act on National Holidays in 1898, when the Heisei period started, and was left to remain as a national holiday.
- なお、皇后の誕生日は地久節(前述天長地久から対比となっている)と呼ばれるが、戦前においても国家の祝日にはなっていない。
- By comparison, an empress's birthday is called chikyu setsu (it is paired as above-mentioned tencho chikyu), but even before the war, none of the empress's birthday has been determined as a national holiday.
- その後、雅成親王は承久の乱により兄・順徳天皇に連座して一時但馬国に流されたが、後に帰京し、再び六条殿に住まいしていた。
- Later, he was exiled to Tajima Province for awhile, implicated with his older brother Emperor Juntoku due to the Jokyu War, but he later returned to the capital and lived at Rokujoden again.
- また、養老6年11月13日(722年12月25日)に元明天皇を元明金尊(げんみょうかがねのみこと)として合祀している。
- On December 25, 722, Empress Genmei was enshrined together as Genmyo kagane no mikoto (the term mikoto is an honorific for gods or persons of great importance).
- 宝亀7年(776年)から天災地変がしきりに起こり、廃后・廃太子の怨霊と恐れられ、また廃后は竜になったという噂が立った。
- Natural disasters occurred frequently after 776, and they were dreaded as the acts of the revengeful ghosts of the deposed empress and the deposed crown prince and a rumor started to circulate that the empress became a dragon.
- 翌年、病に伏せった孝謙上皇は、看病に当たった弓削氏の僧・道鏡を寵愛するようになるが、それを批判した淳仁天皇と対立する。
- The next year, Retired Empress Koken came to favor Buddhist monk Dokyo of the Yuge clan, who took care of her when she was taken with ill, which caused another conflict with Emperor Junnin who criticized her behavior.
- さらに延暦19年(800年)、崇道天皇(早良親王)の名誉回復にあわせ、井上内親王を皇后と追号し、御墓を山陵と追称する。
- In addition, Imperial Princess Inoe was given a title of empress and her grave was renamed to become an imperial tomb at the occasion of restoring the impaired reputation of Emperor Sudo (Imperial Prince Sawara) in 800.
- 明治維新後の政治体制を、絶対王政とみなし「絶対主義天皇制」と規定したのは、主に唯物史観を取り入れた左派の歴史学者である。
- It was the left-wing historians with the materialist concept who called the political system after the Meiji Restoration as 'Absolute Tennosei' regarding it as absolute monarchism.
- 父は稚渟毛二派皇子(応神天皇の皇子)、母は河派仲彦王の女・弟日売真若比売(おとひめまわかひめ、百師木伊呂弁とも)である。
- The father of Prince Ohodo was Wakanuke no Futamata no Miko (a prince of the Emperor Ojin); and the mother of Prince Ohodo was Otohime Mawakahime (also known as Momoshiki no Irobe who was a daughter of Kawamata Nakatsuhiko).
- 退下して平城京に帰った時期は明らかではないが、おそらく慶雲4年(707年)の6月15日に文武天皇が崩御した後と思われる。
- It is not known exactly when she retired from Saio and returned to Heijo-kyo, but it is believed to be after the demise of the Emperor Monmu on July 22, 707.
- この背景には兄にあたる後光明天皇が急逝したために、万が一の皇統断絶の事態に備えて皇位継承の候補者を確保する目的もあった。
- Because of the sudden death of his older brother Emperor Gokomyo, it was necessary for the Imperial court to secure nominees for the heir to the Imperial throne in order to prevent the extinction of imperial line.
- 天平元年(729年、中国暦開元17年)に「千秋節」と改められたが、20年後の天宝 (唐)7年には「天長節」に改められた。
- In 729, tencho setsu was renamed to 'senshusetsu,' but in 749, it was again renamed to 'tencho setsu.'
- 糠手姫皇女(ぬかでひめのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 天智天皇3年(664年)6月)は古墳時代末期から飛鳥時代にかけての皇族。
- Nukadehime no himemiko (year of birth unknown - July, 664) was a member of the Imperial Family from the late Tumulus period to Asuka period.
- 皇太子を指名することなく崩御したが、従兄弟の市辺押磐皇子(履中天皇の皇子)を皇位継承者に立てる腹積もりであったとされる。
- Although the Emperor passed away without designating the crown prince, it is considered that he planned to choose his cousin Ichinohe (or Ichinobe) no Oshiha no Miko (son of Emperor Richu) as his heir to the imperial throne.
- 和風諡号は白髪武広国押稚日本根子天皇(しらかのたけひろくにおしわかやまとねこのすめらみこと)、白髪大倭根子命(古事記)。
- His Japanese-style posthumous name was Shiraka no Takehirokuni oshiwaka yamato neko no Sumeramikoto (emperor), and alternatively, Shiraga oyamato neko no Mikoto, according to 'Kojiki' (literally, The Records of Ancient Matters).
- 敏達天皇は廃仏派よりであり、廃仏派の物部守屋と中臣氏が勢いづき、それに崇仏派の蘇我馬子が対立すると言う構図になっていた。
- As Emperor Bidatsu was close to anti-Buddhist faction, MONONOBE no Moriya and Nakatomi clan, who belonged to anti-Buddhist faction got the boost from the Emperor, and SOGA no Umako, who belonged to pro-Buddhist faction, was opposed to the Emperor.
- これに怒った道鏡は清麻呂を因幡員外介として左遷し、さらに称徳天皇は清麻呂を除名し大隅国へ配流した(宇佐八幡宮神託事件)。
- Dokyo got angry about his report and relegated Kiyomaro as Inaba no ingainoge and Emperor Shotoku expulsed him to Osumi Province (plot of Usa Hachiman-gu oracle).
- 「天皇の活動の在り方は、時代とともに急激に変わるものではありませんが、時代とともに変わっていく部分もあることは事実です」
- Although activities of the Emperor should not change dramatically with the times in principle, it is undeniable that some of them may undergo a change with the times.'
- 尊王攘夷論は、天皇を中心とした政治体制を築き、対外的に独立を保とうという政治思想となり、幕末の政治状況を大きく揺るがせた。
- The Sonno-joi became a political thought to establish a system with the Emperor at its center and to keep independence from foreign powers and destabilized the political situation at the end of the Edo period on a grand scale.
- 国家の祝日として表舞台に舞い戻るのは、明治元年9月22日_(旧暦)(1868年11月6日)に天長節として祝ったときである。
- It was not until November 6, 1868 that the tencho setsu was celebrated as a national holiday.
- 紀元前92年に崇神天皇に頼まれて、災害がつづく理由を占うと、三輪山の大物主神が神懸かりして、我を祀れば国は治まるといった。
- In 92 B.C., when she was asked by Emperor Sujin to read why disasters continued, Omononushi no kami of Mt. Miwa possessed her and spoken that if he were worshipped, the country would be at peace.
- 日本においては、古代律令法の喪葬令や儀制令に天皇の服喪規定があるものの、3日間と短く、実際にはより長期の期間行われている。
- In Japan, there is a rule of mourning of the Emperor in the Act of Funeral and the Act of Ceremony and System in the ancient Ritsuryo law; however the period is only 3 days, but usually it is longer.
- 時の帝(清寧天皇か?)は『手足の毛が八束毛になるまで遊べ』と勅し、円目王の子孫が、課役を免ぜられ、代々遊部となったという。
- The emperor at the time (Emperor Seinei?) ordered 'Play until the hair on the hands and feet become as long as eight times the size of your fists', and the descendants of Tsuburameo were spared of assignments and became Asobibe for generations.
- なお、一部の参考書ならびに歴史書では、即位前の用明天皇を「橘豊日皇子(たちばなのとよひのみこ)」と表記しているものがある。
- Meanwhile, in some reference and history books, Emperor Yomei's name before his enthronement is referred to as 'Tachibana no Toyohi no miko.'
- まず、平子鐸嶺は父の継体天皇の没年を『古事記』の527年(丁未年4月9日)とし、その後2年ずつ安閑・宣化が在位したとした。
- First, Takurei HIRAKO concluded that Emperor Keitai (Emperor Kinmei's father) died in 527 as written in Kojiki ('the Record of Ancient Matters'), and Emperor Ankan and Senka reigned as the Emperor for two years respectively.
- 「私自身としては、桓武天皇の生母が百済の武寧王の子孫であると続日本紀に記されていることに大韓民国とのゆかりを感じています」
- I personally realize the relationship with the Republic of Korea, because there is a description in Shoku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japan Continued) that the real mother of the Emperor Kanmu was a descendant of Muryeong-wang of Baekje.'
- この発言では、天皇の地位が憲法に記されたものであることを確認した一方、護憲とも解釈可能なため一部の右翼勢力から非難された。
- Letting people confirm that the Constitution of Japan gives a definition of the Emperor, the remark was criticized by a small group of right-wing organizations for its probability of being interpreted as protecting the Constitution.
- しかし、桓武天皇以後、三種の神器を先帝から受け継ぐことを践祚、皇位についたことを天下に布告することを即位というようになった。
- Since the enthronement of the Emperor Kanmu, however, a separation between sokui and senso was created, with senso meaning the succession of Sanshu-no-jingi (Three Imperial Regalia) from the ex-emperor and sokui meaning the new emperor declaring to the people that he has acceded to the throne.
- 壬申の年(672年)6月に大海人皇子が挙兵すると、大友皇子(弘文天皇)は倭京(飛鳥の古い都)の留守司高坂王に軍を編成させた。
- When the Prince Oama waged war against the Prince Otomo (the Emperor Kobun) in June 672, the Prince Otomo ordered Takasaka no Okimi, the officer to guard the City of Yamato (the old capital in Asuka) while the master was away, to raise an army.
- また文政8年(1825年)には、早世した姉に代わり、同母妹の祺子が後添いとして仁孝天皇のもとに入内し、女御宣下を受けている。
- In 1825, her younger sister Yasuko entered into the court as the second consort of the Emperor Ninko after Tsunako's premature death, and became nyogo with the imperial proclamation.
- 通常は皇族男子が婚姻し独立する際に天皇から賜るが、三笠宮家の次男である宜仁親王は独身のまま宮家を創設し、桂宮の称号を賜った。
- Normally it is given by the Emperor when a son of an Imperial family gets married and becomes independent, but Imperial Prince Yoshihito, the second son of the Mikasanomiya family established a Miyake unmarried and was given the title of Katsuranomiya.
- 天皇の高御座着座ののち、執翳女嬬が左右おのおの9人が御前に進んで翳を奉じると、褰帳命婦が東西の階を昇り、高御座の帳を褰げる。
- After Emperor was seated in Takamikura throne, nine of Hatori nyoju (noblewomen) on the right and left sides respectively shielded him from view with Sashiha (long-handled, Chinese style fans) and Kencho-no-myobu went up the stairs on the east and west sides, and then raised Tobari (curtain) of Takamikura.
- ちなみに、仮にこれが皇位簒奪であったとしても、天武天皇の血統は称徳天皇を以て絶えており、その後の天皇家は天智系に復している。
- For your information, even if this was an usurpation of the imperial throne, the blood line of Emperor Tenmu died out after Emperor Shotoku and the Imperial Family afterward returned to the Imperial line of Emperor Tenchi.
- ただ大友皇子の場合は、天皇としての践祚の前に壬申の乱で敗れてしまったが故に、践祚に関連する儀式が出来なかったと思われている。
- It is considered that, Prince Otomo couldn't hold the ceremony related to the accession to the throne because he was defeated in the Jinshin War before the ceremony.
- 第一皇子の箭田珠勝大兄皇子はすでに552年に早世していたため、554年に立太子させた渟中倉太珠敷皇子(敏達天皇)が即位した。
- In 554, the Prince Osada no Nunakura no Futotamashiki (Emperor Bidatsu) succeeded to the throne as the first prince of Kinmei, Yatatamakatsu no Oenomiko, already had passed away in 552.
- 弟(おと)、天国押波流岐広庭(あめくにおしはるきひろには)天皇、師木島(しきしま)の大宮に坐しまして、天の下治めらしめしき。
- Amekunioshiharukihironiwa no mikoto, his younger brother, ruled the country, residing in his palace in the palace of Shikishima.
- このような政治動向に危機感をもった上皇は、翌天平神護元年(765年)2月に現地の国守である佐伯助らに警戒の強化を命じている。
- Having felt the sense of danger to this political situation, in February 765, Retired Empress Koken ordered to tighten the security in Awaji to SAEKI no Tasuku and others who were kokushu (the governors of the province).
- だが、3歳で父が没したこともあって、天皇の孫でありながら官位を受けることもなく、まして自らの存在が注目されることもなかった。
- Because his father died when he was three years old, although he was a grandson of Emperor Tenmu, he was not given an official rank, let alone his presence never drew attention.
- 「天皇の歴史というものを知ることによって、自分自身の中に皇族はどうあるべきかということが次第に形作られてくるのではないか。」
- I believe that I would gradually find the ideal image of the Imperial family by learning the history of the emperor.'
- 新政府設立後間もない時の明治の即位の礼では儀式に用いる物は先代孝明天皇の時に使用した物を使っていたが、高御座等が新調された。
- The Takamikura and other objects were newly made for the ceremonies although they used same ceremonial objects as predecessor Emperor Komei at the Sokui no rei of Meiji, which was held shortly after the establishment of new government.
- 3世紀中期に見られる前方後円墳の登場は統一政権の成立を示唆しており、このときに成立した大王家が天皇家の祖先だと考えられている。
- The appearance of the large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds from the mid third century, indicates the establishment of a unified authority and the family of the Great King at that time are thought to be the ancestors of the Imperial Family.
- 勅旨牧(ちょくしまき)は、古代日本において、天皇の 勅旨により開発された牧場であり、馬寮などが用いる軍馬などの供給源とされた。
- In ancient Japan, Chokushimaki was a ranch developed by the emperor's Chokushi and was used to supply war horses for the Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses).
- 図柄は女帝(後桜町天皇など)は桐鳳凰で(旧儀御服記)、皇后も使用例がある(東福門院所用品―霊鑑寺蔵・英照皇太后所用品―御物)。
- A design for female emperors (such as Emperor Gosakuramachi) was paulownia and phoenix (旧儀御服記), which was also used for some empresses (belongings of Tofukumonin in the collection of the Reikan-ji Temple and belongings of Empress Dowager Eisho in Imperial treasures).
- この時、若者に冠をかぶせるのが「冠親」と呼ばれる後見人であり、近世において天皇の冠親は五摂家のうちどこかの当主が担当していた。
- A person who put a cap on a young man's head at this ceremony was his guardian called 'kanmuri-oya' (literally, 'cap parent'), and during the early-modern times, an emperor's kanmuri-oya was selected from the heads of Gosekke (five top Fujiwara families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho [regency] and Kanpaku [chancellor]).
- しかし、天皇は、皇后のためには令外官として皇后宮職を新たに設置し、中宮職はそのまま皇太夫人宮子に奉仕を続けさせることを選んだ。
- However, the emperor made a decision to establish a new Kogogushiki (the Queen-consort's Household Agency) as Ryoge no kan (a post outside the original Ritsuryo code created by Imperial edicts) and let Chugushiki continue to serve Kotaifujin Miyako.
- しかし、天然痘により天平9年(737年)4人とも死没してしまったが、これは王を自殺に追い込んだ祟りではないかと噂されたらしい。
- The four brothers died of smallpox in 737 and there was a rumor that it was a punishment for driving the prince to suicide.
- また足羽神社の近くにある足羽山公園には継体天皇を模した巨大な石像が坂井市を見下ろすように建っており、観光スポットとなっている。
- In the Asuwayama park near Asuwa-jinja Shrine, there stands the giant stone statue of Emperor Keitai, overlooking the Sakai City and attracting tourists.
- 品太(ほむだ)王の五世(いつせ)の孫(みこ)、袁本杼(をほどの)命、伊波禮(いわれ)の玉穂宮に坐しまして、天の下治らしめしき。
- Ohodo no Mikoto, the fifth generation descendant of King Homuda, lived in the palace of Tamaho at Iware and ruled the country.
- 現在では、正式には即位していなかったものの倭姫王(天智天皇の皇后)を立てて、皇太子として称制していたのではないかとの説もある。
- Currently, there is another theory that states that although Emperor Kobun wasn't enthroned formally, he put Yamato hime no Okimi (The empress of Emperor Tenchi) on the throne and administered affairs of the nation as the Crown Prince.
- また、母の神功皇后の胎内にあったときから皇位に就く宿命にあったので、胎中天皇(はらのうちにましますすめらみこと)の敬称がある。
- Also, from the time he was in the womb of his mother, he was destined to accede to the Imperial throne and, thus, he has a title of honor of Emperor Taichu (Emperor residing in the womb).
- 天皇に次ぐ者、例えば皇太子、皇太子妃、親王、内親王などの皇族や、位階が三位以上の者の死は、死死の表現(こうきょ)の語を用いる。
- 薨去 (Kokyo) is used to express the death of people next to the emperor in rank, for example, imperial family members, such as crown prince, crown princess, imperial prince, and imperial princess and people higher than Sanmi (Third Rank) in the rank.
- また皇室喪儀令(大正15年皇室令第11号)では、太皇太后の死に際しては宮内大臣が公示し、追号を定め、天皇が喪主となると定める。
- Rescript on Imperial Funeral Ceremonial (No. 11 of the Imperial family's Act in 1926) states that Minister of the Imperial Households shall announce the death of a grand empress dowager and decide her posthumous title and that the emperor shall host her funeral.
- 「天皇制」という用語は「君主制」を意味するドイツ語のMonarchieの和訳とされ、本来はマルクス主義者が使用した造語であった。
- The word 'Tennosei' was a translated term of the German word 'Monarchie' which means 'monarchy' in English and was originally a new word Marxists coined.
- 石川王(いしかわのおおきみ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇8年3月9日 (旧暦)(679年4月24日))は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Ishikawa no Okimi (year of birth unknown - April 24, 679), lived in the Asuka period in Japan.
- 宝永7年(1710年)、従弟(父東山天皇の同母妹福子内親王の子)にあたる貞建親王と婚約し、享保4年(1719年)、20歳で入輿。
- In 1710, she became engaged to her cousin, the Imperial Prince Sadatake (a son of the Imperial Princess Yoshiko who was a younger sister of her father, the Emperor Higashiyama) and married him in 1719 when she was 20 years old.
- なお、景行天皇55年(125年)に東山道15カ国の都督となるも、任地に行く途中で死んだ、彦狭島王との関係は不明(おそらく別人)。
- Furthermore, relations is unknown between Hikosashimao who, despite becoming the Totoku governor general of 15 provinces of Tosan-do Road in the year 125, and died while on the way to his post.
- こうして一品親王の重要性は急速に失われていき、天皇・あるいは外戚の庇護を受けた親王・内親王への待遇付与へと変質することになった。
- In this way, the importance of Ippon Shinno rapidly disappeared, and transformed to the treatment allowance to the imperial princes and princesses who were patronized by the emperor or maternal relatives.
- 園 光子(その みつこ、慶長7年(1602年)-明暦2年2月11日 (旧暦)(1656年3月6日))は、後水尾天皇の後宮の一人。
- Mitsuiko SONO (1602 - March 6, 1656) was one of the consorts of the Emperor Gomizunoo.
- 宮子は孫の孝謙天皇が即位すると太皇太后の称号を贈られたが、そのまま天平勝宝6年(754年)の死去まで継続して中宮職に奉仕された。
- Miyako was given a title of Grand Empress Dowager when her grandchild Empress Koken was enthroned, and continued to be served by Chugushiki until her death in 754.
- 父は天武天皇の皇子の高市皇子、母は天智天皇の皇女の御名部皇女(元明天皇の同母姉)であり、皇親として嫡流に非常に近い存在であった。
- His father was Takechi no Miko, a prince of Emperor Tenmu, and his mother was Minabe no himemiko, a princess of Emperor Tenchi (older maternal half-sister of Empress Genmei) and he was a Koshin (Emperor's family) very close to the main branch.
- この別名は天皇が生まれた時、その腕の肉が鞆(とも。弓を射る時に左腕に巻きつける道具)のように盛り上がっていた事に由来するという。
- It is said that this another name derives from the fact that, when he was born, the muscle of his arm was bulging like a Tomo (a tool to be wound around the left arm when shooting an arrow).
- 弟(いろと)、建小広国押楯(たけをひろくこおしたて)命、檜垌(ひのくま)の廬入野(いほり)宮に坐しまして、天の下治めらしめしき。
- The brother named Takeo Hiroku Koshitate no Mikoto ascended the throne at Hinokuma no Ihori Miya to govern the whole country.
- 757年(天平宝字元年)7月の橘奈良麻呂の乱においては、謀反に加担した者を拷問、道祖王、黄文王、大伴古麻呂らを死に追い込んでいる。
- At the revolt of TACHIBANA no Naramaro in July 757, he tortured those involved in the revolt and drove the Prince Funado, the Prince Kibumi and OTOMO no Komaro to death.
- 山部王(やまべのおおきみ、生年不詳 - 天武天皇元年7月2日 (旧暦)?(672年7月31日?))は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
- Yamabe no Okimi (year of birth unknown - c. July 31, 672) was a person lived in the Asuka period.
- それ以降子に恵まれなかったため、天保6年(1835年)、典侍正親町雅子所生の第四皇子熙宮(統仁親王、のちの孝明天皇)を養子とした。
- After that, Yasuko was not blessed with a newborn and so, in 1835, she adopted the fourth Prince Hironomiya (the Imperial Prince Osahito, later the Emperor Komei), who was the birth child of Naishi no suke (a court lady of the first rank) Naoko OGIMACHI.
- 父景行天皇は、それらの皇子たちをそれぞれの国や郡に封じたが、彼と成務・日本武尊の3人だけは封じなかったと、日本書紀に書かれている。
- It is described in Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) that his father, Emperor Keiko, confined his princes to each of their provinces and counties, except for the three princes, Iokiiribiko no miko, Seimu, and YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto.
- しかし、延宝5年(1677年)7月5日、国子が危篤状態になるに及んで霊元天皇は急遽准三宮に叙し、また院号を与えて新広義門院とした。
- However, when Kuniko's condition became critical on August 3 1677, the Emperor Reigen conferred her the rank of Jusangu (an honarary rank next to the empresses) and the Ingo of Shinkogimonin.
- 近世の横目扇は天皇・親王・公家の子息のほか、小舎人など童形の召具(従者)も使用した(近世の賀茂祭勅使の装束資料などからしられる)。
- In the early-modern times, cross-grained fans were used by sons of emperors, Imperial princes, and court nobles, as well as by pageboys (young male servants) such as Kodoneri (Juvenile people who served Court nobles and samurai families) (according to the documents on costume of Kamo Festival in these days).
- さらに進めて、天武天皇が天智天皇の弟だったという通説に疑問を呈し、兄弟ではなかったのではないかという異説も存在する(佐々克明ら)。
- Going further, casting doubt over the common belief that Emperor Tenmu was the younger brother of Emperor Tenchi, there is a different view that says they were not brothers. (Katsuaki SASSA etc.)
- 子がなかった清寧天皇はこれを喜んで迎えを遣わし、翌年(482年)2王を宮中に迎え入れて、4月に兄王を皇太子に、弘計王を皇子とした。
- Emperor Seinei, who had no children, was delighted to learn this, sent a messenger to meet them, welcomed the two princes into the Imperial court the next year (in 482), and in April he made the elder Oke no miko the Crown Prince and the younger Oke no miko an Imperial Prince.
- 御子、沼名倉太珠敷(ぬなくらふとたましき)命、他田(をさだ)宮に坐しまして、天の下治らしめすこと、十四歳(とをまりよとせ)なりき。
- The son, named Nunakura Futotamashiki, ascended the throne at Wosada Imperial Palace when he was 14 years old to govern the whole country.
- またそうした辛いときに両親である天皇皇后と別々に暮らさざるを得なかった体験が、後に子供たちを手元で育てることを決意させたともいう。
- Such painful experience that he had been obliged to live separately from his parents led him to make a resolution to keep his children at hand, it is believed.
- しかし、天皇は立憲君主としての立場を自覚していたため、上御一人(最高権力者)であってもこの2例を除いて政治決定を下すことはなかった。
- However, the Emperor was aware of his position as constitutional monarch; therefore, he had not made political decisions apart from these two incidents although he was Kamigoichinin (person in paramount authority).
- 菟道稚郎子皇子(『日本書紀』)・宇遅能和紀郎子(『古事記』)・宇治若郎子(『山城国風土記』逸文)・宇治天皇(『播磨国風土記』)とも。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko (菟道稚郎子) also known as; Imperial Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(菟道稚郎子皇子), in the 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]]; Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(宇遅能和紀郎子), in the 'Kojiki' [The Records of Ancient Matters]]; Uji no Wakiiratsuko [(宇治若郎子), in the 'Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Yamashiro Province)]; and the Emperor Uji [(宇治天皇), in the 'Harimanokuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Harima Province)].
- 実際には古来から兄弟間での天皇位の相続は一般的であり、それについて弓削皇子が葛野王に問いかけようとした矢先、葛野王は弓削皇子を一喝。
- Actually, the succession of the imperial throne between brothers was common from ancient time, and when Yuge no miko was going to ask Kado no okimi about this, Kado no okimi scolded loudly Yuge no miko.
- 一説には皇統譜でも天皇とされているというが未確認(また別の一説には、前述の生涯1度だけの性交渉ゆえに歴代から外されたのだともいう)。
- In one theory she was regarded as Emperor in Kotofu (the genealogy of the Imperial Family), but it is not confirmed (and in another theory, she was deleted from the history because she had only one intercourse in her life as mentioned above.
- 託基皇女(たきのひめみこ 686年以前? - 天平勝宝3年1月25日 (旧暦)(751年2月25日))は、飛鳥時代・奈良時代の皇族。
- Taki no himemiko (before 686? - March 1, 751) was a member of the imperial Family who lived from the Asuka peirod to the Nara period.
- 同母弟に竹田皇子・尾張皇子(聖徳太子の妃橘大郎女の父)、同母妹に小墾田皇女(押坂彦人大兄皇子妃)・田眼皇女(後の舒明天皇妃)がいる。
- Her younger brothers-uterine were Takeda no miko (the Prince Takeda), and Owari no miko (the Prince Owari, the father of TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume, a wife of the Prince Shotoku), and her younger sisters-uterine were Oharida no himemiko, the Princess Oharida (a wife of OSHISAKA no Hikohito no Oenomiko) and Tame no himemiko (the Princess Tame, who became a wife of the Emperor Jomei later).
- また、聖徳太子の父ということで後世様々な説話に引用され、江戸時代には近松門左衛門が「用明天皇職人鑑」という浄瑠璃作品を発表している。
- As the father of Prince Shotoku, he appeared in various stories of the posterity, and Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU in the Edo period, for instance, published a Joruri work 'Yomei Tenno Shokunin Kagami' (The Mirror of Craftsmen of the Emperor Yomei).
- 同年9月2日 (旧暦)(715年10月3日)、自身の老いと首皇子がまだ若いと言う理由で娘の氷高(ひたか)皇女(元正天皇)に譲位した。
- On October 3, 715, however, due to anxiety for her own old age and the still too young crown prince Obito no miko, she abdicated the throne in favor of her daughter, Hitaka no himemiko (Empress Gensho).
- 江戸幕府のもとでも天皇の権威は温存されたが、紫衣事件などにみられるように、年号の勅定などを僅かな例外として政治権力はほとんどなかった。
- The authority of the Emperor was preserved under the Edo Bakufu (from 1603); but as seen in the Shie Incident Emperors had almost no political power except few occasions such as deciding the name of an era; (Shie Incident refers to the incident in which Emperor Gomizuno gave purple robes, symbolizing the highest order of priesthood, to Daitoku-ji Temple and Myoshin-ji Temple in 1627 without the approval of Bakufu and caused Bakufu to take back the purple robes to deny the authority of Emperor Gomizuno.)
- 天武天皇10年(681年)3月17日に川島皇子、三野王、忌部子人、中臣大島らと共に「帝紀および上古の諸事」の記録認定事業を命ぜられる。
- On April 13, 681, the Prince Osakabe, together with the Prince Kawashima, Minu no Okimi, INBE no Kobito and NAKATOMI no Oshima were assigned for the task of recording and authorizing the 'Teiki oyobi Joko no Shoji' (the genealogy of the Imperial family and matters of the high antiquity).
- 同母兄に成務天皇などがいるほか同母弟が5人、同母妹が5人、異母兄弟に日本武尊など68人いるとされる(うち名が伝わっているのは46人)。
- Other than Emperor Seimu as his older maternal half-brother, he had five younger maternal half-brothers, five younger maternal half-sisters, and 68 paternal half-brothers (of these, only 46 had their names handed down) such as YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto.
- 早良親王(さわらしんのう、天平勝宝2年(750年)? - 延暦4年9月28日 (旧暦)(785年11月8日))は、奈良時代末期の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Sawara (750? - November 8, 785) is one of the Imperial family members of the late Nara period.
- 皇別(こうべつ)もしくは王孫(おうそん)とは、王家や帝家、とりわけ日本の天皇家の一門の中で臣籍降下した分流・庶流の氏族を指す言葉である。
- Kobetsu or oson is a term that refers to shizoku (clan, family), a branch family of a royal family or imperial family, especially a family which has seceded from Japanese Imperial Family.
- また、何故か、葛城地方の土神の剣根命も合祀されており、名が似ている円目王と葛城円大臣との関係も、雄略天皇に関係しているだけに、興味深い。
- In addition, Tsurugine no mikoto, a dojin (God that preside over soil) of Kazuraki region is also enshrined together for some reason, and because Emperor Yuraku is involved, the relationship between Tsuburameo and Katsuragi no tsubura no oomi who had similar names, is interesting.
- 元々は中国起源の語であり、『礼記』曲礼篇に「天子の死は崩と曰ひ、諸侯は薨と曰ひ、大夫は卒と曰ひ、士は不禄と曰ひ、庶人は死と曰ふ」とある。
- It is derived from a Chinese word and there is a sentence, 'The death of emperors is called 崩 (ho), the death of lords is called 薨 (ko), the death of daibu (master) is called 卒 (sotsu), the death of warrior is called 不禄 (furoku), and the death of ordinary people is called 死 (shi)' in the Kyokurei volume of 'Book of Rites'.
- さらに554年(欽明天皇15年)に新羅との戦で、聖明王が亡くなると新羅軍は勢いづき、562年(もしくは560年)に任那を滅ぼしてしまう。
- Furethremore, after the death of Sho myoo during the battle with Silla in 554, the Silla army gained its momentum and Mimana fell in 562 (or 560).
- 井上内親王は翌年、天皇の同母姉難波内親王を呪ったとして幽閉され、連座して王に落とされた他戸親王もともに幽閉されてやがて二人とも変死した。
- Next year, the Imperial princess Inoe was confined for the charge of cursing Imperial Princess Naniwa, the older sister of the emperor, along with Imperial Prince Osabe who was also stripped of the rank of the Crown Prince and became a prince, and they both died unnatural deaths.
- 穴穂部間人皇女(あなほべのはしひとのひめみこ、生年不詳 - 推古天皇29年12月21日 (旧暦)(622年2月6日))は、飛鳥時代の皇族。
- Anahobe no hashihito no himemiko (year of birth unknown - February 6, 622) was a one of the Imperial Family members during the Asuka period.
- 壱志姫王の名は『日本書紀』『続日本紀』などの基本史料に確認出来ず、遥か時代を下った『本朝皇胤紹運録』に弘文天皇の女として見えるだけである。
- The name Ichishihime no Okimi is not found in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) or 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued), which were thought to be the basic historical documents, but only appears as the princess of the Emperor Kobun in 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree) which was edited after a long period of time.
- 「古老曰へらく、昔、巻向珠城宮(まきむきのたまきのみや)に御宇(あめのしたしろしめしし)天皇の二十七年戌午年の秋、飢えて人民多く亡せき。」
- Old man said that formerly in autumn in the year of the horse of Emperor Gyou (Ame no shita shiroshimeshishi) twenty-seven year in Makimuki no tamaki no miya, many people died from hunger.'
- 小説家の井沢元彦が、栗隈王を天武天皇による天智天皇暗殺の共犯者とする説を著書である「逆説の日本史」で展開しているが、学会からの賛同はない。
- A novelist Motohiko IZAWA explains his idea in his book 'Paradox of Japanese History' saying that Kurikuma no Okimi was an accomplice in the assassination of the Emperor Tenchi which was mainly plotted by the Emperor Tenmu, but he has not received any academic approval.
- 倭彦命(やまとひこ の みこと、生年不詳 - 垂仁天皇28年10月5日 (旧暦)(紀元前2年11月1日?))は、記紀伝承上の皇族(王族)。
- Yamato hiko no Mikoto (year of birth unknown - October 30, 2 B.C.?) was a member of the Imperial family transmitted by 'Kojiki' (Records of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan).
- なおかつ母親の出自(いわゆる「后腹」でなければ叙位される可能性は低かった)や天皇との親疎、藤原氏などの権力者との親疎も加味されて叙された。
- In addition, the status of the mother (the possibility to be conferred was low, unless being so-called 'kisakibara' [a child by an empress]) and the degree of intimacy with the emperor and influentials such as the Fujiwara clan were considered.
- 和銅発見の地、埼玉県秩父市黒谷に鎮座する「和銅の聖神社」には、元明天皇御下賜の和銅製の蜈蚣(むかで)雌雄一対が御神宝として納められている。
- Wado no Hijiri-jinja Shrine' in Kuroya, Chichibu City, Saitama Prefecture, known as the place where wado (Japanese copper) was first discovered, has a pair of male and female centipedes made of Japanese copper which were presented by Empress Genmei and have been enshrined as a votive offering to Shinto gods.
- 光明皇后(こうみょうこうごう、大宝 (日本)元年(701年) - 天平宝字4年6月7日 (旧暦)(760年7月27日))は、奈良時代の人。
- Empress Komyo (701 - July 27, 760) was a person in the Nara period.
- 長屋王(ながやのおおきみ、天武天皇13年(684年)? - 神亀6年2月12日 (旧暦)(729年3月20日))は、奈良時代の皇族、公卿。
- Prince Nagaya (684? - March 20, 729) was a member of the imperial family and Kugyo (high court noble).
- このような出生の神秘性は、本来応神天皇が前王朝との血統上のつながりを持たず、新王朝の開祖であるとされたことを物語っているとするものもある。
- Some people argue that this mysteriousness of his birth suggests that Emperor Ojin fundamentally had no blood line connection to the previous dynasty and was regarded as the founder of a new dynasty.
- 明治天皇の即位の礼が行われた当時は、天保暦が用いられており現在のグレゴリオ暦とは日付が異なるため、天保暦(グレゴリオ暦)の順番で記載する。
- Because dates in Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar), which was used when Emperor Meiji's Sokui no rei was held, differ from the Gregorian calendar, which is used today, dates are describes in order of Tenpo reki and (Gregorian calendar).
- 現代においても、一般的な用語としては用いられないが、皇居において天皇の子女の部屋を皇子室というように、皇子の呼称が使用される例も散見される。
- Although Miko is not used as a general term at present, there are some cases to use the naming of Miko here and there, such as the Miko room to refer to the room for the children of the emperor at the Imperial Palace.
- 一方内親王の場合は、叙位自体が珍しくなり、9世紀に生前に一品に叙されたのは、藤原良房を祖父に持つ清和天皇の同母姉妹の儀子内親王のみであった。
- On the other hand, the conferment to imperial princesses became rare, and only the Princess Gishi, sister-uterine of the Emperor Seiwa who was a grandchild of FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, was conferred Ippon during her lifetime in the ninth century.
- 石山本願寺の坊官である下間頼康は、本願寺の門主を天皇、代々本願寺の坊官を世襲してきた下間氏を征夷大将軍とする「下間幕府構想」を公言している。
- Yoriyasu SHIMOMA, a boukan (a priest who served for the Monzeki families) of Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple, publically talked about 'The concept of Shimoma bakufu' in which the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple was to be the Emperor and the Shimotsuma clan, who hereditary succeeded the boukan of Hongan-ji Temple, was to be the Seitaishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians).
- また、婚約の勅許を下した仁孝天皇は、「水戸は先代以来、政教能く行われ、世々勤王の志厚しとかや、宮の為には良縁なるべし」と満足したといわれる。
- When the Emperor Ninko gave permission for the marriage, he was satisfied with it, saying as following: 'Because the Mito Domain have been dedicated to both religions and politics since the period of their predecessors, and have been highly loyal to the emperors for generations, this marriage should be good for the Princess.
- ただし、後鳥羽天皇のように三種の神器を持たなくても即位した例があるので、必ずしもこれらが皇位継承の絶対条件ではないことに注意する必要がある。
- However, we should bear in mind that having the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family is not always the crucial condition of the succession to the Imperial throne, as there was a case that Emperor Gotoba even without the three treasures succeeded to the throne.
- 応神天皇の名とされる「ホムダワケ」(『日本書紀』では誉田別、『古事記』では品陀和気と表記)は、実は生前に使われた実名だった、とする説がある。
- There is a theory that 'Homudawake' (in 'Nihonshoki' and 'Kojiki,' Chinese characters used are different) which is thought to be the posthumous name of Emperor Ojin was a real name used when he was alive.
- この宣告によって、政治権力が孝謙上皇のもとに移ったとする理解と、御璽を保持しつづけていた淳仁天皇が依然と権能を発揮していたとする見解がある。
- Due to this declaration, some researchers think that the political power was moved to Retired Empress Koken, others say that Emperor Junnin still exerted his power because he had possessed Gyoji (the Imperial Seal).
- 皇室行事の中でも最も重要な儀式の一つであるが、後柏原天皇の時は皇室財政が逼迫しており、1500年に即位したにもかかわらず儀式を行えなかった。
- Although it is one of the most important ceremonies among the Imperial-Family events, the ceremony of Emperor Gokashiwabara, who acceded to the throne in 1500, could not be held his due to the Imperial financial condition.
- つまり系譜上での「履中天皇皇女説」と「市辺押磐皇子王女説」はどちらも正しく、履中皇女と履中皇孫は別人で、両者は叔母と姪の関係であったという説。
- That is, the theory says, genealogically, both 'the theory of Emperor Richu's Princess' and 'the theory of Prince Ichinobe no Oshihano's Princess' are right and Richu Princess was different person from Richu Imperial descendant and both were in the relation of aunt and niece.
- 軽皇子(後の孝徳天皇)の代理粟田細目や蘇我蝦夷の代理大伴長徳らより先に誄を述べられていることから、当時の大派皇子の地位が高かったことが分かる。
- Since Takuta gave the shinobigoto before AWATA no Hosome, substitute for Prince Karu and OTOMO no Nagatoko, substitute for SOGA no Iruka, Prince Oha's status was high.
- 近代は天皇は年齢にかかわらず長飾りつきの菊の置紋、皇族は菊のみ、即位での臣下のうち、奏任官・高等官以上は五七桐、伊勢神宮では飛鶴が用いられた。
- After the Meiji period, emperors used fans with heraldry of the Chrysanthemum with Nagakazari regardless of their ages; the Imperial family used the Chrysanthemum only; among retainers by enthronement, those of the offices originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister and senior officials or higher used the crest of goshichi no kiri (literally, five seven paulownia); and at the Ise-jingu Shrine, the crest of flying cranes was used.
- 皇位簒奪(こういさんだつ)とは、直接血縁にない者、あるいは血縁がより遠い者が天皇の地位(皇位)を奪取すること、ないしそれを批判的に表現した語。
- The usurpation of the imperial throne is either when those who do not have direct blood relationship or have remote blood relationship seize the Emperor's position or when this is expressed in a critical manner.
- 晩年期の上皇は、病気勝ちで政務が行えずに仏教信仰に傾きがちであった聖武天皇に代わって、橘諸兄・藤原仲麻呂らと政務を遂行していたと見られている。
- In the last years of her life, the Retired Empress supposedly carried out the affairs of state together with TACHIBANA no Moroe and FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, in place of the Emperor Shomu who was too ill to attend to affairs of state and, instead, tended to devote himself to Buddhism.
- 後冷泉天皇の皇后藤原寛子は後冷泉の2人目の皇后であったが、立后に際しては1人目の皇后章子内親王がそのまま中宮にとどまり、寛子は皇后宮とされた。
- Empress of Emperor Goreizei, FUJIWARA no Kanshi, was the second empress of Goreizei, and when she became an empress, Kanshi was called Kisai no miya and the first empress Imperial Princess Shoshi stayed as chugu.
- 大伴金村と物部尾輿を連(おおむらじ)とし、蘇我稲目を大臣 (古代日本)(おおおみ)としたが、直後の540年(欽明天皇元年)大伴金村は失脚する。
- Although Emperor Kinmei assigned OTOMO no Kanamura and MONONOBE no Okoshi as Omuraji, and SOGA no Iname as Oomi, OTOMO no Kanamura lost his status of Omuraji in 540 and it was right after he was assigned that position.
- またこの近くには親王を祀る社である八嶋神社があり、さらに北に数キロ離れた奈良町にある崇道天皇社、御霊神社などでも親王は祭神として祀られている。
- Moreover, Yashima shrine, which enshrines Imperial Prince Sawara, is near there, and he is also enshrined as a deity in Emperor Sudo Shrine and Goryo Shrine in Nara town, several kilometers north of Yashima town.
- 常盤会(学習院女子部の同窓会)会長松平信子ら旧華族の女性たちの反発も強く、信子に対しては昭和天皇自ら了承を求めてようやく決着したとも言われる。
- Women of the former peerage, including Nobuko MATSUDAIRA, a chairman of the Tokiwa-kai Association (alumni association of The Gakushuin School Corporation Women's division), also opposed so strongly that the Emperor Showa personally got Nobuko's consent to solve the issue over the Crown Prince's marriage, it is reported.
- 市辺押磐皇子(いちのへのおしはのみこ、? - 安康天皇3年(456年)10月 (旧暦))は、記紀・『風土記』に伝えられる5世紀頃の皇族(王族)。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha (Ichinobe no Oshiha no Miko; his birth date is unknown and his death date was in 456) appeared in the Kiki ('Kojiki' [A Record of Ancient Matte]) and 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]) and Fudoki (description of regional climate, culture, etc.) as an Imperial family (royal family) in fifth century Japan.
- 皇子・皇女を生んだ女御、更衣を指すという説もあるが、一般的には天皇に寵愛を受けた女御、更衣など女官を除いた後宮の女性を指す呼称として用いられた。
- In one theory, it means nyogo or koi who was a mother of Prince and Princess, but it is generally accepted that it was the name of ladies at the inner palace who were loved by the Emperor, such as nyogo and koi except for serving ladies.
- ただし、天皇制という語の由来からこれを忌避して皇室という表現もよく用いられ、中にはあえて国体と戦前によく使われた表現を用いる人も根強く存在する。
- However, because of the origin of the word Tennosei, many people avoid the word and the expression Koshitsu (Imperial family) is quite often used; also there exist people who are still adamantly using the word kokutai (fundamental character of the nation).
- 日本において皇后の称号が使用されたのは、鎌倉時代後期、後宇多天皇の皇女奨子内親王が1319年に皇后に冊立されて以来、約500年ぶりのことである。
- It was the first time in about 500 years that the title of empress was used in Japan since 1319 when the Imperial Princess Soshi, the Emperor Gouda's princess, became an empress by the imperial investiture in the late Kamakura period.
- 能登内親王(のとのひめみこ、のとないしんのう、天平7年(733年) - 天応 (日本)元年(781年)2月17日 (旧暦))は、奈良時代の皇族。
- The Imperial Princess Noto (735 - March 20, 781) was a member of the Imperial Family who lived in the Nara period.
- 奈良時代に生前に叙せられた他の3人(舎人親王・新田部親王・託基皇女)は全て天武天皇の子であり、舎人親王・新田部親王は朝廷内の要職を歴任している。
- The other three who were conferred Ippon during their lifetime in the Nara period (the Imperial Prince Toneri, the Imperial Prince Niitabe and Taki no Himemiko) were all children of the Emperor Tenmu, and the Imperial Prince Toneri and the Imperial Prince Niitabe served successively at the important posts in the Imperial Court.
- 現代日本では転じて天皇以外の男性皇族の配偶者に対して用いられている(例皇太子妃・親王妃)が、本項目では本来の意味である后妃身分について解説する。
- In modern age, Hi is used for all spouses for male imperial family except Emperor (like Kotaishi hi [crown princess] and shinno hi [imperial princess]), but this section explains an original usage of empress's title.
- 『日本書紀』によると、仲哀天皇は白鳥となって天に昇った父・日本武尊をしのんで、陵を囲む池に白鳥を飼おうと考えて、諸国に白鳥を献上するよう命じた。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', Emperor Chuai intended to keep swans in the pond that surrounded the mausoleum in memory of his father, YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto, and ordered countries to present swans.
- 『日本書紀』『藤氏家伝』などの同時代史料には全く記載が無く、『本朝皇胤紹運録』に弘文天皇(大友皇子)の妃となり壱志姫王を産んだと伝えられている。
- There is no description about her in those historical materials of the same period such as 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) and 'Toshi Kaden' (Biographies of the Fujiwara clan), and the 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) reports that she married the Emperor Kobun (the Prince Otomo) and gave birth to Ichishihime no Okimi.
- 762年(天平宝字6年)、孝謙上皇は再び天皇大権を掌握することを目的に、「今の帝は常の祀りと小事を行え、国家の大事と賞罰は朕が行う」と宣告した。
- In 762, in order to reassume the supreme power as Emperor, Retired Empress Koken declared that 'Current emperor should administer the ordinary state affairs and minor political matters. We'll administer a matter of national importance and justice.'
- 「軍の統帥権は天皇にあるのだから政府の方針に従う必要は無い」と憲法を拡大解釈して軍が大きな力を持つこととなった(権力の二重構造、統帥権干犯問題)。
- Stretching interpretation of the constitution the military insisted that 'they do not have to follow the government policies because the Supreme Command lies on the Emperor' and the military gained power (Dual System of Power and the Problem of the infringement of Independence of the Supreme Command)
- 『日本書紀』によると、雄略天皇は采女の童女君がたった一夜で身ごもったために、生まれた春日大娘皇女が自分の娘であるかどうかを疑い、養育されなかった。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki,' because Ominagi as a uneme (a court lady) had became pregnant with the Emperor Yuryaku after spending only one night; then the Emperor Yuryaku had doubts as to whether this daughter (Princess Kasuga no Oiratsume) was truly his child or not, and he did not raise her as her own.
- 天平9年(737年)、藤原四兄弟(藤原武智麻呂、藤原房前、藤原宇合、藤原麻呂)の死去を受け、太政大臣に任ぜられ、大納言橘諸兄と共に政権を運営する。
- Following the deaths of the four Fujiwara brothers (FUJIWARA no Muchimaro, FUJIWARA no Fusasaki, FUJIWARA no Umakai and FUJIWARA no Maro), he was appointed to Chidaijokanji (a deputy to the Dajo Daijin) in 737, and came to be in charge of political affairs together with TACHIBANA no Moroe, the then Dainagon (Major Counselor of the Daijokan).
- 『古事記』に従えば、崩御した「丁丑年七月」は西暦437年に相当し、生年は逆算して、兄履中天皇より9歳年下の西暦378年に相当するが、定かではない。
- According to the 'Kojiki,' the year of his demise which is 'the seventh month in the year of Teach or Hinoto no ushi (according to the Chinese sexagenary cycle)' corresponds to the year 437 CE, and as a result of back calculation his year of birth corresponds to the year 378 CE, which was nine years after the birth of his elder brother, Emperor Richu.
- 男大迹王(おおとのみこ、のちの継体天皇)はこの地を治めると、まず足羽山に社殿を建て大宮地之霊(おおみやどころのみたま)を祀りこの地の守護神とした。
- After he conquered this region, Oto no Miko (later Emperor Keitai) built a (main building of) Shinto Shrine in Mt. Asuwa to worship Omiyadokoro no mitama (spirit of Omiyadokoro) as the guardian god of the region.
- 崇仏派の蘇我馬子が寺を建て、仏を祭るとちょうど疫病が発生したため、585年に物部守屋が天皇に働きかけ、仏教禁止令を出させ、仏像と仏殿を燃やさせた。
- As a plague broke out when pro-Buddhist SOGA no Umako built a temple to enshrine Buddha statue, MONONOBE no Moriya tried to convince the Emperor to impose prohibition of Buddhism and orderd to burn the Buddha statue and the Buddhist sanctum.
- もっとも、デーモンが早稲田大学の出身であり、なおかつ大相撲や日本文化に造詣が深いことを考慮すれば、天皇に名が知られていてもそれほど不思議ではない。
- However, given the fact that Mr. Demon Kogure graduated from Waseda University, as well as being well versed in professional Sumo wrestling and Japanese culture, it comes as no surprise that the Emperor knew who Mr. Demon Kogure is.
- 自動車評論家として知られる徳大寺有恒は、皇太子時代の天皇が運転する日産・スカイラインと対向車として遭遇し、大いに驚いた体験を自著に書き残している。
- Aritsune TOKUDAIJI, who is known as an automotive commentator, described in his book an astonishing experience that he encountered the Crown Prince Akihito driving the Nissan Skyline, coming from the opposite direction.
- 622年に聖徳太子が死ぬと、橘大郎女は推古天皇に願い出て、釆女に天寿国曼荼羅繍帳(てんじゅこくまんだらしゅうちょう、天寿国繍帳とも言う)を作らせた。
- When the Prince Shotoku died in 622, with the permission of the Empress Suiko, TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume ordered Uneme (the ancient court hostess) to make the Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho (tapestries with embroideries representing Tenjuku paradise, also called Tenjukoku Shucho).
- 天皇はこれを恨み退位も考えたが、山碕(後の京都府乙訓郡)に宮殿を造営中に病に倒れ、白雉5年10月10日 (旧暦)(654年)に難波の宮殿で崩御した。
- The Emperor Kotoku became very angry and thought about the abdication of the throne, however, he fell ill when his new palace in Yamazaki (present-day Oto-gun Kyoto Prefecture) was in the course of construction, and passed away at Naniwa Imperial residence on November 27, 654.
- 後世、神仏習合の教説で蔵王権現と同一視されたため、明治時代の神仏分離以降に、従来蔵王権現を祭神としていた神社で安閑天皇を祭神とし直したところが多い。
- In future generations, as Emperor Ankan was identified with Zao Gongen (the principal image of the Kimpusen Zaodo, and the highest worship object of the Shugendo) according to the teaching of syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism, the Shinto shrines which conventionally assumed Zao Gongen as an enshrined deity, replaced Zao Gobgen with Emperor Ankan as an enshrined deity after the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism in the Meiji Period.
- 孝謙上皇は代始改元を拒み、舎人親王(淳仁の父)への尊号献上にも抵抗する(最終的には光明皇太后の強い要請により実現)など淳仁天皇との軋轢を繰り返した。
- Retired Empress Koken repeatedly conflicted with Emperor Junnin, for example, she rejected to change the name of the era and resisted to give an honorary title to Imperial Prince Toneri (father of Emperor Junnin) which was eventually realized by the strong request from Empress Dowager Komyo.
- 70歳を超えても政務に精励したが、天応元年(781年)2月第一皇女能登内親王に先立たれてから心身ともに俄かに衰え、同年4月、病を理由に皇太子に譲位。
- The emperor persevered in affairs of state even after he became 70 years old, but after Imperial Princess Noto, his first Princess, died in February 781, he deteriorated suddenly both physically and mentally and abdicated the throne to his crown prince for health reasons in May of the same year.
- 天皇の后妃、生母以外での女院号宣下は室町幕府3代将軍足利義満の正室、日野康子(北山院)以来約320年ぶりで、現在に至るまで孝子内親王が最後の例である。
- It was the first time in about 320 years that someone other than emperors' consorts or real mothers received senge for Nyoingo after Yasuko HINO (Kitayamain), who was the lawful wife of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the third Shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the Imperial Princess Takako has been the last case up to today.
- なお、天武天皇の子女で最後の生存者として叙された多紀内親王以外はいずれも内命婦以上の高位の女性の所生であり、母親の身分も深く関与したと考えられている。
- Since all the children of the Emperor Tenmu, except the Princess Taki who was conferred Ippon as the last existing child of the Emperor Tenmu, were born to mothers who were higher than the rank of the senior court lady; it is supposed that the status of the mothers was deeply related.
- 蘇我氏は大王家(後の天皇家)を凌ぐ権勢を誇り、遂には自身が大王 (ヤマト王権)になろうとしたため、乙巳の変により滅ぼされたと『日本書紀』が伝えている。
- The Soga clan prided reins of power surpassing the great king (the Imperial Family in later years) and he even tried to become the great king (Yamato sovereignty, the ancient Japan sovereignty) so, according to 'Nihonshoki,' (Chronicles of Japan) he was destroyed in the Isshi no hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi).
- 井上内親王(いのえ(いがみ)ないしんのう、養老元年(717年) - 宝亀6年4月27日 (旧暦)(775年5月30日))は第45代聖武天皇の第一皇女。
- Imperial Princess Inoe (717 - May 30, 775) was the first Princess of the 45th Emperor Shomu.
- 聖武天皇と光明皇后の間にはついに男子が育たず、天平10年1月13日 (旧暦)(738年2月6日)に娘・阿部内親王を立太子し、史上初の女性皇太子となる。
- Because Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo finally ended up with no male children, Imperial Princess Abe, their daughter, was formally installed as the Crown Princess on February 6, 738, the first Crown Princess in Japan.
- その為、天皇に質問された出席者は「陛下が自分のことについてこちらがドキッとするほどお詳しいので恐縮に堪えません」などと記者団に感想を述べることが多い。
- Therefore, those guests asked by the Emperor frequently make comments to the press that 'I am quite embarrassed because his Majesty had so profound knowledge of me as to make me surprise.'
- 「天皇を現人神と仰ぎ奉り皇国を毒する内外一切の勢力を打滅せん事を期す」「大日本帝国憲法の復活」「核武装による皇軍再建」(大日本殉皇会・1961年設立)。
- We expect everyone to take the Emperor as Arahitogami and remove any power that damages our imperial nation whether it is from the inside or outside; restore the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and rebuild the imperial army with nucleus weapons' (Dai Nipppon Junkokai [Great Japan Die-for-the-Emperor Group] established in 1961).
- 明日香皇女は、母が豪族の娘という身分にしては、持統天皇の訪問を受けたり、彼女の病気平癒のために108人の沙門を出家させたりなど、異例の扱いを受けている。
- The Imperial Princess Asuka, despite of the fact that her mother was a daughter of a merely local ruling family, was given an unusual treatment, as she was visited by the Empress Jito, who also persuaded 108 people to become priests, praying for the recovery of the princess from her illness.
- 『日本書紀』によれば506年に武烈天皇が後嗣定めずして崩御したため、連(おおむらじ)・大伴金村らは越前に赴いて男大迹王を大王 (ヤマト王権)に推戴した。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', Emperor Buretsu passed away in 506 without designating his inheritor, so OTOMO no Kanamura, Omuraji (the most powerful of Muraji [one of the highest family names]) and others went to Echizen Province to have Odo no Okimi preside as the great king of the Yamato sovereignty.
- その後、東宮大夫から玉音放送についての説明を受けるとすぐに悲しみから立ち直り、敗戦からの復興と国家の再建を率いる皇太子、将来の天皇としての決意を固めた。
- Soon after the Togu-daifu's detailed explanation of the Emperor's announcement, he got over the grief, making a resolve to be the Crown Prince and the future Emperor undertaking the tasks aimed at Japan's revival from the defeat and nation's restoration.
- 第二次世界大戦が終結するまで「天皇制」は共産党の用語であり、一般には認知されていなかったが、現代では共産党と関係なくマスメディア等一般にも使用されている。
- Although the word 'Tennosei' was for the Communist party until the end of the World War II and was not generally recognized, the word now has no connection with the Communist party and is widely used even in the media.
- 一条天皇の母后である皇太后藤原詮子が東三条院の女院を受けることがきっかけとなり、朝廷では皇后や皇太后、太皇太后などの三后にも、院号を贈ることが慣習化した。
- The Empress Dowager, 'FUJIWARA no Senshi', who was Emperor Ichijo's mother, got a title of Nyoin as Higashi Sanjoin, which started a custom that Ingo was conferred on three Empresses: the Empress, the Empress Dowager, and the Grand Empress Dowager, in the Imperial Court.
- 「妃」とは元々は「つま(妻)」と同義であったが、中国では後に天子の配偶者への貴称として用いられ、唐の律令制を導入した日本でもこれを採用したと見られている。
- Hi' originally had same meaning as 'Tsuma' (wife), but later Hi was used as a title of emperor's spouse in China and this was adopted in Japan since the ritsuryo system was introduced from Tang.
- 天禄4年(973年)に円融天皇が女御藤原こう子を皇后に立てるに際し、皇后昌子を皇太后に移したが、このとき皇太后宮職が復活され、昌子に奉仕することになった。
- When Emperor Enyu put up nyogo FUJIWARA no Koshi as empress in 973, he changed Empress Masako to Empress Dowager and revived Kotaigogushoku to serve her.
- 王羲之の『王羲之楷書』を臨書した名品であり、本文は縦簾目のある白麻紙二帳半に43行、奥の軸付に黄麻紙一帳を添えて「天平十六年十月三日藤三娘」と署名がある。
- This essay was a masterpiece created by copying 'Wang Xizhi Text' written by Xizhi WANG, 43 lines of text were written on two and half sheets of white mashi (paper made of hemp) with vertical streaks, and a sheet of yellow mashi was attached to the rear shaft, with a signature of 'October 3, Tenpyo 16, Tosanjo'.
- 天皇即位のため越前を離れることになると、この地を案じて自らの御生霊を足羽神社に鎮めて御子の馬来田皇女(うまくだのひめみこ)を斎主としてあとを託したという。
- Concerned about the region before leaving Echizen Province in order to accede to the throne, he appeased his vengeful spirit in Asuwa-jinja Shrine and left it to the care of one of his children, Princess Umakuda no Himemiko who served as the priestess of the shrine.
- 憲法学会の学説では、日本国憲法下の現行体制を立憲君主制とは捉えず、また天皇は元首ではないとするのが通説であるが、実質的に元首であるという見解を示す説もある。
- The common theory of the constitution study group is that the current system under the Constitution of Japan is not considered as the constitutional monarchy and therefore the Emperor is not the head of state; but there are some theories that believe the Emperor is practically the head of state.
- また、奈良時代の天平宝字8年(764年)には勅及び勅書の遂行と天皇及び宮中の用度を担当する勅旨省(ちょくししょう/てしのつかさ)が設置されていたことがある。
- In addition, in the Nara period 764, Chokushi-sho (Bureau of Edicts), which was in charge of the implementation of Choku and Chokusho as well as the supply goods for the emperor and the imperial court, was set.
- 夫天皇、父不比等等肉親の死を経て、723年に従二位に叙され、首皇子が即位した翌724年には正一位、大御祖(文書では皇太夫人)の称号を受けたが病は癒えなかった。
- After the deaths of her husband, the Emperor Monmu and her father FUJIWARA no Fuhito, Miyako was conferred Junii (Junior Second Rank) in 723, and Shoichii (Senior First Rank) as well as Oomioya (meaning the mother of the emperor but the title in official documents was Kotaifujin [the wife of the previous retired emperor]) in 724, when the Prince Obito acceded to the throne, and yet it took a long time before her illness was cured.
- 天智天皇10年(671年)6月には新羅が調を進め、7月には唐の使者李守真と百済の使者が帰国し、10月には新羅の使者金万物が再び調を進め、12月17日に帰った。
- In July 671, Shiragi started the preliminary research to build diplomatic relations with Japan, the Tang envoy Rishushin and the Kudara envoy returned to their countries in August, and the Shiragi envoy, Komumanmotsu restarted his research in November, leaving Japan on January 24, 672.
- しかるに、神亀元年(724年)に聖武天皇が即位すると、生母宮子を皇太夫人と称することとされたが、このとき中宮職が設置され、皇太夫人宮子に奉仕することになった。
- When Emperor Shomu was enthroned in 724, his real mother Miyako was called Kotaifujin, but Chugushiki was established at this time to serve Kotaifujin Miyako.
- 前漢の高祖劉邦は皇帝になってから、「朕は沛公からはじめて暴虐を誅し、ついに天下を得た」として、挙兵の地である沛を自分の湯沐邑にして、沛の税や労役負担を軽減した。
- When the Emperor of Gaozu Liu Bang of the Former Han took the throne, he said 'At first, I was named Haiko, then I defeated tyranny, and finally I came to power.' and he made Hai, where he raised an army, his own Tomokuyu to reduce taxes and labor service.
- また信長は、時の正親町天皇とは当初協調路線をとっていたが、しだいに自らを神格化するような行動を取り、さらには朝廷が決定する暦の制定にまで口をはさむようになった。
- Also initially, Nobunaga had been taking a cooperative policy with the Emperor at the time, Emperor Ogimachi, but as time went on, he started to act as if he was deified, even interfering with the establishment of the calendar which was set by the Imperial Count.
- これにより、結果的に先に亡くなった厩戸皇子より長生きした大王からは後継者に明確に指定はされなかったものの、蘇我氏の力を背景に629年(舒明天皇元年)に即位した。
- Therefore, backed by the power of the Soga clan, he acceded to the throne in 629 although he had not been officially assigned by the okimi (great king), who outlived the Imperial Prince Umayado, who consequently died earlier than the okimi.
- 『日本書紀』などに由来が求められるが、金石文としては天武天皇の時代に改葬された船王後の墓誌に、船王後が舒明天皇より勅によって位を与えられたことが記載されている。
- After seeking its origin through 'Nihon Shoki' and other history books, it is found that Kinsekibun (words written on metal or stones) is used at the epitaph of Funeno Ogo, who was reburied in the Emperor Tenmu era, saying Funeno Ogo is granted the post by the Choku of the Emperor Jomei.
- また「上宮記」逸文の文章系譜によれば、中斯知命(なかしちのみこと)を妃として乎非王(おいのおおきみ)を儲け、その孫が男大迹王(袁本杼王)すなわち継体天皇とされる。
- Furthermore, according to the Itsubun (unidentified or lost wirings) written genealogy from the 'Joguki,' Prince Ohodo married Nakashichi no Mikoto taking her as his princess, and they had a son (prince), Oi no Okimi.
- 『日本書紀』には、天智天皇7年(668年)7月に栗前王が筑紫率、8年(669年)正月に蘇我赤兄が筑紫率、10年(671年)5月に栗隈王が筑紫帥に任命されたとある。
- According to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), Kurikuma no Okimi (栗前王) was appointed to Tsukushi no Kami in August 668, SOGA no Akae to the same rank in February 669, and Kurikuma no Okimi (栗隈王) to Tsukushi no Sotsu in June 671.
- また、国民の祝日に関する法律を立法するに先立って行われた、「希望する祝日」の政府の世論調査では、「新年」に次いで「天皇陛下のお生まれになった日」が第2位であった。
- Also, at the opinion survey conducted by the government regarding 'preferable holidays' prior to legislate the Act on National Holidays, 'the birthday of his Imperial Majesty' ranked second following 'New Year.'
- 宝亀3年(772年)3月2日 (旧暦)、光仁天皇を呪詛したとして皇后を廃され、同年の5月27日 (旧暦)には他戸親王も皇太子を廃され、二人は幽閉される事になった。
- On April 13, 772, she was removed from empress for the reason that she cursed Emperor Konin and Imperial Prince Osabe was also released from the crown prince on July 6, in the same year, and they were confined.
- しかしこの記述では、継体が507年に即位してから大和に都をおくまで約20年もかかっており、天皇家(実態はヤマト王権)と周辺の部族国家間での混乱があったと思われる。
- In this description, it took Keitai nearly 20 years to place the capital in Yamato after he assumed the throne, which suggests there was disarray between the imperial family (in fact Yamato sovereignty) and the neighboring tribal states.
- 光明皇太后の後見を無くした仲麻呂は天平宝字8年(764年)9月に挙兵(藤原仲麻呂の乱)するが敗れ、同年10月淳仁天皇を追放して孝謙上皇が重祚し、称徳天皇となった。
- In September, 764, Nakamaro who had lost the backing of Empress Dowager Komyo, raised an army (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War) but was defeated, which triggered the second enthronement of Retired Empress Koken to become Emperor Shotoku who expelled Emperor Junnin in October of the same year
- 近衛 維子(このえ これこ、宝暦9年12月9日 (旧暦)(1760年12月6日) – 天明3年10月12日 (旧暦)(1783年11月6日))は、後桃園天皇の女御。
- Koreko KONOE (December 6, 1760 – November 6, 1783) was 'Nyogo' (a wife or concubine of Emperor) of the Emperor Gomomozono.
- 歴史学上、天皇家は古墳時代に見られたヤマト王権の「大王 (ヤマト王権)(あめのしたしろしめすおおきみ)」(あるいは「大王(おおきみ)」)に由来すると考えられている。
- Historically, it is thought that the Imperial Family came from the Great King or Okimi of the 'Yamato Sovereignty' (Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Okimi) that existed in the Kofun period.
- 「続日本紀」にある元明天皇譲位の際の詔には「天の縦せる寛仁、沈静婉レンにして、華夏載せ佇り」とあり「慈悲深く落ち着いた人柄であり、あでやかで美しい」と記されている。
- In an imperial edict issued at the time of her mother Empress Genmei's abdication as recorded in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicles of Japan Continued), she was described as being gracious, calm, glamorous and beautiful.
- 一方、聖武の譲位にともなって皇太后となった安宿媛には、あらためて新設された皇太后宮職が付置され、天平宝字4年(760年)の死去まで、一貫して皇太后宮職に奉仕された。
- Kotaigo gushiki (Imperial Household Agency assigned to the household of Queen Mother) was established for Asukabehime who became Empress Dowager when Emperor Shomu abdicated the throne and served her consistently until she died in 760.
- また、421年の讃、436年の珍、443年の済という三人の遣使に対し、『日本書紀』のこの期間に該当する天皇は、411年から453年まで在位したとする允恭1人である。
- While Chinese history books say that envoys were sent by San in 421, Chin in 436 and Sai in 443, we can find, in 'Nihonshoki', only one Emperor whose reign falls into this period which is Ingyo who was in power from 411 to 453.
- この表現が日本の皇室について用いられる理由としては、日本神話において天皇は神の末裔であり、一般の人間とはかけ離れた存在という思想背景があったためと解釈する説がある。
- This expression is used for the Japanese Imperial family because there is an idea that the emperors are descendents of gods in the Japanese mythology and are different from ordinary people.
- 安永10年(1781年)3月、皇太后となり、名実ともに嫡母として新帝を補佐する立場に置かれるが、それから間もなく、天明3年10月12日(1783年11月6日)に崩御。
- Koreko became the Empress Dowager in March 1781 and assumed the position to support the new emperor, which gave her both the title and power; Nevertheless, shortly after that, she passed away on November 6, 1783.
- ところが『古事記』によれば、清寧天皇崩後に皇嗣なく、飯豊王が執政していたが、やがて(つまりその執政期間中に)億計・弘計の兄弟が発見され、兄弟を播磨国から迎えたとある。
- However in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), after the demise of Emperor Seinei, there was no Crown Prince and thus Iitoyo no himemiko addressed affairs of state, but later (that is, during her administration period) Oke no mikoto's brothers were found and she welcomed the brothers from Harima Province.
- 寛永元年(1624年)に至って、徳川秀忠の娘東福門院が後水尾天皇の嫡妻として女御から皇后に立てられて、約300年ぶりに皇后が復活したが、このときの呼称は中宮であった。
- A daughter of Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tofukumon-in who became the lawful wife of Emperor Gomizunoo was put up as empress from nyogo in 1624, and the empress was revived after the lapse of about 300 years and she was called chugu.
- こうすることで、女性皇族が男子を産み、その子が天皇になったとしても、男系男子による皇位継承を維持できるし、旧宮家復活も国民の抵抗なく円滑に進むと考えられるからである。
- This is because, by doing so, succession of the throne by a male on the male side can be maintained, even when the female member of the Imperial family gave birth to a son and he became the Emperor, and restoration of former Miyake (house of an imperial prince) is thought to proceed smoothly without opposition of the public.
- 日本共産党は2004年に綱領を改正し、元首化・統治者化を認めないという条件の下、天皇制の是非については主権在民の思想に基づき国民が判断すべきである、という趣旨に改めた。
- The Japanese Communist Party amended their policy and although they do not accept any head of state or ruler, about the Tennosei, they decided to leave it to the people because the sovereignty rests with the people.
- ただし、品位そのものは天皇との親疎は勿論のこと当該皇親の母親の出自や年齢、経歴、その他社会的評価に基づいて叙せられる場合が多く、一品親王と皇位継承との関連性は全く無い。
- However, since the Honi was most of time conferred based on the degree of the intimacy with the emperor, the origin of Koshin's mother, the age, the career and the other social valuation, there was no relation between the Ippon Shinno and the succession to the Imperial Throne.
- 奈良時代を通じて内親王で一品に昇進したのは彼女と元正天皇の2人だけである(以後、貞観 (日本)19年(877年)の儀子内親王が叙されるまで内親王の一品叙位の例は無い)。
- Among those imperial princesses, she and the Empress Gensho were the only ones who were promoted to the rank of Ippon over the Nara period (No imperial princesses were promoted to the rank of Ippon thereafter, until the Imperial Princess Gishi was conferred the rank in 877.)
- 皇子を憐れんで祖母・皇極天皇は皇子をとても可愛がったと日本書紀に記載されており、「萬歳千秋の後に、要ず朕が陵に合せ葬れ」と言い、自分が崩御した際一緒に合葬せよと命じた。
- According to the Nihonshoki, feeling pity towards the prince, his grandmother, the Empress Kogyoku, doted so fondly on him that she ordered at the time of her demise to bury him together with her, saying that 'even after a long period of time, be certain to bury him together with me in my tomb.'
- 現在は宮内庁により奈良県明日香村栗原にある栗原塚穴古墳が陵墓に指定されているが、八角墳であり横口式石槨を持つ同村平田の中尾山古墳を真の文武天皇陵とする意見が有力である。
- At present, Kurihara tsukaana-kofun Tumulus in Kurihara, Asuka-mura Village, Nara Prefecture is designated as his mausoleum by the Imperial Household Agency, but a leading hypothesis today claims that Nakaoyama-kofun Tumulus at Hirata in the same village, which is an octagonal tumulus including a stone chamber with a side entrance, as the Emperor Monmu's genuine mausoleum.
- また、書道をよくし、奈良時代の書家として聖武天皇とともに有名であり、作品には『楽毅論』(がっきろん)や『杜家立成雑書要略』(とけりっせいざっしょようりゃく)などがある。
- She was skilled in calligraphy, she and Emperor Shomu are famous as calligraphers of Nara period, and she created 'Gakki-ron essay' and 'Toka rissei zassho yoryaku'.
- なお、隅田八幡宮(和歌山県橋本市)蔵の隅田八幡宮人物画像鏡(443年説と503年説)に見える「孚弟王(男弟王?)」は継体天皇を指すとする説がある(詳細は異説にて後述)。
- One theory says that '孚弟王 (Oto no kimi ?)' inscribed on Suda Hachiman Shrine Mirror in Sudahachiman-jinja Shrine (Hashimoto City, Wakayama Prefecture) (there are two theories about its year of creatoin: 443 and 503) indicates Emperor Keitai (details of this theory will be mentioned later in 'Heresy').
- 1847年、飛騨高山の国学者・田中大秀の起案を受けて門弟・橘曙覧、池田武万侶、山口春村、足羽神社神主・馬来田善包らにより継体天皇御世系碑が足羽神社境内に建立されている。
- In 1847, a monument of Emperor Keitai genealogy was erected in the precinct of Asuwa-jinja Shrine, which was proposed by Ohide TANAKA, a scholar of Japanese classical literature and materialized by his disciples, TACHIBANA no Akemi, 武万侶 IKEDA, 春村 YAMAGUCHI and 馬来田善包, the Asuwa-jinja Shrine priest.
- 律令制が確立した当初において、政治意思決定に天皇が占める位置は絶対的なものとされていたが、9世紀ごろから貴族層が実質的な政治意思決定権を次第に掌握するようになっていった。
- At the beginning of the time when the Ritsuryo system was established, the position of the Emperor in the political decision making was to be unquestioned but from around the ninth century, the noble hierarchy gradually started to have the right of decision making.
- 679年(天武8年)の吉野の盟約に参加した諸皇子に名を連ねていないこと、また『新撰姓氏録』に「浄広壱」とあることから、大宝律令成立直前に30歳前後で早世したと推定される。
- Because he was not included in the princes who participated in the Yoshino Pact in 679, and the rank of 'joko ichi' (the first rank of joi yoshina, four rank of joi, which corresponds to Shoshiinoge, Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade in ranks for Shoo and shoshin, vassal of Taiho Ritsuryo, Taiho Code) appears in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), it is likely that he had died right before the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) was established, at the age of around 30.
- 慶応2年12月25日 (旧暦)(1867年1月30日)、孝明天皇の崩御を受け、儲君睦仁親王が翌慶応3年1月9日 (旧暦)(1867年2月13日)に践祚して皇位を継承した。
- After the death of the Emperor Komei on December 25, Keio 2 (old lunar calendar) (January 30, 1867), Imperial Prince Mutsuhito ascended and succeeded Imperial Throne in the following year, on January 9, Keio 3 (old lunar calendar) (February 13, 1867).
- 安永3年(1774年)6月に伏見宮貞行親王が薨去し、伏見宮家が空主となったため、同年11月13日後桃園天皇の勅命により還俗し宮家を相続、名を邦頼と賜り改めて親王宣下を蒙る。
- After Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadamochi passed away in July 1774, as there was no heir to the Fushiminomiya family, he returned to the secular life following the order of Emperor Gomomozono and succeeded to the Fushiminomiya family on December 15th of the same year receiving the title of Imperial Prince again with his name changed to Kuniyori.
- 「日本という国名は、天皇と密接に繋がっており、オウム国家を表すものとしては相応しくない。よって以下の国号に変更するのが望ましい。真理国、オウム国、神聖真理国、太陽寂静国。」。
- Japan as a name of a country has close connection with the Emperor, so it is not suitable to represent the Aum state. Therefore, it would be preferable to call it as follows: Shinri-koku (Country of Truth), Aum-koku (Country of Aum), Shinsei-Aum-koku (Sacred Aum Country) or Taiyoseijyaku-koku (Serene country with the sun).'
- なお、年齢については、『水鏡』に「御年四十五(45歳)」とあり、これに基づいて逆算すれば、允恭天皇29年(440年)の誕生となるが、どれだけ史実を反映しているかは不明である。
- And as for her age, 'she is forty-five (45 years old),' was written in 'Mizu Kagami (The Water Mirror),' and to calculate her age inversely based on this, it is Emperor Ingyo 29 (440), but it is not clear how it true to the historical fact.
- 日本書紀皇極天皇三年(644年)3月の項に、軽皇子が朝参しなかった時、その宮に侍泊した中臣鎌子に寵妃阿倍氏をつかわして世話をさせたとあり、寵妃阿倍氏は小足媛と考えられている。
- There is a description in the section of March, 644 of Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), which is the Prince Karu made his favorite mistress, of the Abe clan to look after NAKATOMI no Kamako, who stayed the palace when the Prince Karu did not go to the Imperial Court; it is believed that this favorite mistress, of the Abe clan was Otarashihime.
- しかし、皇統譜には、大統譜(たいとうふ)と皇族譜(こうぞくふ)があり、大統譜には天皇・皇后・皇太后の身分に関する事項が、皇族譜にはその他の皇族の身分に関する事項が登録される。
- However, the Kotofu consists of the Taitofu and the Kozokufu, and the Taitofu registers entries concerning statuses of Emperor, Empress and Empress Dowager, whereas the Kozokufu registers entries concerning statuses of the other Imperial Family members.
- もっとも、本来、天皇の生母への優遇措置であった女院の地位に至る要件が時代がくだるとともに次第に多様化したことから、すべての女院が上皇と同じ待遇を受けることができたわけではない。
- However, because the requirements to get the status of nyoin, which was originally the good treatment for real mother of emperor, gradually diversified as time passed, not all nyoins were able to receive the same treatment as that of Joko.
- しかし孝子内親王は後光明天皇の唯一の遺児、嫡流の皇女として重んじられ、天和 (日本)3年12月(1684年1月)に親王宣下、次いで宝永5年(1708年)には一品親王に叙されている。
- However, the Imperial Princess Takako was respected as the Emperor Gokomyo's only one bereaved child and the imperial princess of the direct descendant; she received senge (imperial proclamation) for the imperial princess in January 1684, and then conferred Ippon Shinno (the first-ranked imperial princess) in 1708.
- 後に源氏の分家である足利家は室町幕府を開き、武士の勢力の伸張と天皇家の権威・権力の衰退にも助けられ、15代240年にわたり征夷大将軍として日本に君臨し、外交、内政、軍事を差配した。
- Later the Ashikaga family, a branch family of the Minamoto clan established Muromachi bakufu, and partly because of the expansion of the power of bushi (warriors) and the decline of the authority and power of the Emperor, reigned over Japan as Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and conducted foreign affairs, domestic administration, and military affairs over 15 generations for 240 years.
- 為子内親王の死去をきっかけに妃が置かれなくなった(なお円融天皇に入内した尊子内親王が妃であった可能性を指摘する研究者もいる)ことと摂関政治の進展と密接な関係があると考えられている。
- With the death of Imperial Princess Ishi as start, it is considered that there was a close connection between abolition of Hi (some scholars pointed out possibility that Imperial Princess Sonshi who entered into the court for Emperor Enyu was Hi) and the development of the regency.
- 宝亀4年(773年)1月2日 (旧暦)には山部親王(後の桓武天皇)が立太子し、10月19日 (旧暦)、井上内親王と他戸親王は大和国宇智郡(現在の奈良県五條市)没官の邸に幽閉される。
- Imperial Prince Yamanobe (later Emperor Kanmu) was formally installed as Crown Prince on February 2, 773, and Imperial Princess Inoe and Imperial Prince Osabe were confined in a confiscated house in Uchi-gun, Yamato-no-kuni (present Gojo City, Nara Prefecture) on November 12.
- 井上内親王の光仁天皇呪詛事件は、山部親王の立太子をもくろむ藤原良継や藤原百川ら藤原式家一派の陰謀だと(あるいは彼らの政治的圧力によって内親王が追い詰められた結果とも)いう説がある。
- There is a theory which states that the incident of Imperial Princess Inoe's curse on Emperor Konin was a plot of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, such as FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa, who attempted to install Imperial Prince Yamanobe as the Crown Prince (or that the Imperial Princess was brought to bay by their political power).
- 記録上確認できるのは、『続日本紀』に記された聖武上皇の母藤原宮子の死去の時(母親の事例)と同じく桓武天皇の父光仁上皇の死去の時(父親の事例)に宮中行事が中止されたことが記されている。
- There is a record in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) that court functions were canceled when Retired Emperor Shomu's mother, GUJIWARA no Miyako died (as a case of a mother's death) and Emperor Kanmu's father, Retired Emperor Konin died (as a case of a father's death).
- 奈良県奈良市山陵町にある高野陵(たかののみささぎ)と比定されているが、孝謙天皇陵と比定されている佐紀高塚山古墳は佐紀盾列古墳群を構成する前方後円墳であり、その比定は疑問視されている。
- Takano no Misasagi Mausoleum in Misasagi Town, Nara City, Nara Prefecture, is identified as her mausoleum while the identification of Saki Takatsuka Tumulus in the Mausoleum as the Mausoleum of Empress Koken remains questionable because it is a keyhole-shaped tomb mound composing the Sakitatenami Burial Mounds.
- 有栖川宮韶仁親王(ありすがわのみやつなひとしんのう 天明4年12月19日 (旧暦)(1785年1月29日) - 弘化2年2月28日 (旧暦)(1845年4月4日))は、江戸時代の皇族。
- Arisugawa-no-miya Imperial Prince Tsunahito (January 29, 1785 - April 4, 1845) was a member of the Imperial family who lived in the Edo period.
- 一品叙位は社会的にも財政的にも大きな意味を有するために死後の叙位は比較的多かったものの、生存者への叙位は極めて慎重に行われ、平安時代最初の叙位は天長8年(831年)の葛原親王であった。
- As conferring Ippon was socially and financially of a great meaning, the conferment during ones' lifetime was determined very carefully while the conferment after ones' deaths took place relatively frequently; the first Ippon in the Heian period was conferred to the Imperial Prince Kazurawara in 831.
- いずれも明治3年1月3日(1870年2月3日)の明治天皇の即位に際して発せられた詔勅「…立極垂統、列皇相承、継之述之…宣明治教以宣揚惟神之大道也…」に出典を求め、命名されたものである。
- The source of these two names is in the Imperial Rescript issued on February 3, 1870 when the Emperor Meiji ascended the throne, which said 'Today's prosperity is due to successive deities ascended the throne to establish the natural order and nurture everything... Japanese people are expected to live following the deities' will.'
- なお、真の統治者が将軍ではなく天皇である事を知らしめるため、当時、九州鎮撫総監が“将軍はいろいろ変わったが、天子様は変わらず血統も絶えずに存在する”という趣旨の文書を民衆に配布している。
- To announce to the nation that the real ruler was not a shogun but an emperor, the Kyushu general office director of suppression circulated a document stating 'We had so many different Shoguns but the Emperor is still there without his blood line cut'.
- 男性皇親よりも女性皇親が先に一品を叙せられる事に対する朝廷内の反発を抑えるために当時健在であった天武天皇の皇子中最年長で太政大臣も務めた重鎮・穂積親王が同時に叙せられたと考えられている。
- In order to minimize the discontent in the Imperial Court for granting Ippon to a female Koshin (emperor's family), before male Koshin; it is considered that the Imperial Prince Hozumi, a prominent figure and the eldest among those existing imperial princes of the Emperor Tenmu at that time, was conferred Ippon at the same time.
- 男子後継者候補がまったくいなかったとすると、飯豊王の執政は問題の一時先送りにしかならず、後世の女性天皇と比べてもまったく類例のないことになる(それゆえ『日本書紀』を正しいとする説もある)。
- If there was no successor of a son, the administration by Iitoyo no himemiko is a mere postponement of the problem and comparing with later Empress she was totally exceptional (thus, some theory think 'Nihonshoki' was correct).
- しかし、天長節については実際の誕生日からこれを祝う日(祝日)を移動する場合もあった(大正天皇の場合。同様の例はイギリスの女王誕生日Queens Official Birthdayがある)。
- However, in terms of tencho setsu, sometimes the celebration day (holiday) was moved from the actual birthday (for the case of Emperor Taisho. Similar example includes the Queens Official Birthday of England).
- 「(中略)私の皇室に対する考え方は、天皇及び皇族は、国民と苦楽を共にすることに努め、国民の幸せを願いつつ務めを果たしていくことが(中略)、皇室の伝統ではないかと考えているということです。」
- (omission of a sentence) I believe that it is not only the tradition of the Imperial household but also my ideal image of the Emperor and the Imperial family to discharge duties while praying for the nation's happiness, as well as trying to share joys and sorrows with the nation.'
- 「古事記」に見える王名「袁本杼(ヲホド)」と鏡の銘文に記された「男弟(ヲオト)」とは6世紀初頭における発音は異なっていたので、鏡にある「男弟(ヲオト)」は継体天皇ではないと解釈する説がある。
- Also, there is a theory which claims that the 'Wooto' on the mirror cannot be identified as Emperor Keitai because the pronunciation of 'Wohodo', the King's name in 'Kojiki', differed from 'Wooto' in the inscription on the mirror in the early sixth century.
- しかし戦後に、歴史とりわけ天皇に関する自由な研究が認められることになったことから、継体は従来の大王家とは血縁のない「新王朝の始祖(初代大王)」とする説(水野祐「三王朝交代説」)が提唱された。
- But after the World War II, it was allowed to conduct the study of history, especially study of emperor more freely, which gave rise to a theory claiming that Keitai was the 'founder of a new dynasty (the first king)' ('Changes of Dynasties Theory' by Yu MIZUNO).
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗惟神ノ大道ニ遵ヒ天業ヲ経綸シ万世不易ノ丕基ヲ肇メ一系無窮ノ永祚ヲ伝ヘ以テ朕カ躬ニ逮ヘリ朕祖宗ノ威霊ニ頼リ敬ミテ大統ヲ承ケ恭シク神器ヲ奉シ茲ニ即位ノ礼ヲ行ヒ昭ニ爾有衆ニ誥ク
- 娘である阿倍内親王の立太子、およびその後の孝謙天皇としての即位(749年(天平勝宝元年))後、皇后宮職を紫微中台(しびちゅうだい)と改称し、甥の藤原仲麻呂を長官に任じてさまざまな施策を行った。
- After the investiture of the Crown Princess to her daughter the Imperial princess Abe and her enthronement as Empress Koken (749), Kogogushiki (the Queen-consort's Household Agency) was renamed to Shibi chudai (the office handled the principal empress Komyo's affairs) and her nephew FUJIWARA no Nakamaro was assigned to its chief to implement various measures.
- 不比等の生前こそ、舅と娘婿の関係であって関係も決して悪いわけではなかったが、不比等の死後に不比等の娘で聖武天皇の生母藤原宮子の称号を巡って長屋王と四兄弟が対立すると、その対立が露になってきた。
- Although the relationship between the fathers-in-law and adopted son-in-law was not necessary bad while Fuhito was alive, but after his death, Prince Nagaya conflicted with the four brothers over the title of FUJIWARA no Miyako, who was a daughter of Fuhito and the real mother of Emperor Shomu, and their confrontation heated up.
- 天平宝字6年(762年)に孝謙上皇は平城京に帰還し、5月23日 (旧暦)(6月23日)に法華寺に別居、その10日後、尼僧姿で重臣の前に現れ、淳仁天皇から天皇としての権限を取り上げると宣言した。
- In 763, Retired Empress Koken returned to Heijo Capital, moved to Hokke-ji Temple on June 23, and, 10 days later, appeared as a nun in front of senior vassals to declare that she would deprive Emperor Junnin of authority.
- 応神天皇の皇子で、母は和珥氏祖の日触使主(ひふれのおみ、比布礼能意富美)の女 ・宮主宅媛(みやぬしやかひめ、宮主矢河枝比売)である(ただし『先代旧事本紀』には、物部多遅麻連の女・山無媛とする)。
- Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko was Imperial prince of the Emperor Ojin, and his mother was Miyanushi Yakahimi [(宮主宅媛), also known as Miyanushi Yagahaehime (宮主矢河枝比売)], a daughter of Hifure no Ohomi [(日触使主); his name was also written in this way '比布礼能意富美') in being an ancestor of the Wani Uji Clan.] [However, according to the 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History), the mother of Prince Uji no Wakiiratsuko appeared as Yamanashi Hime (山無媛), a daughter of 'Mononobe no Tajima no Muraji' (物部多遅麻連).].
- しかし、その跡継ぎ聖武天皇には安積親王薨去後はついに男子の跡継ぎが生まれず、一族藤原氏と他氏貴族との権力闘争などもあいまって、崩御後20年も経たないうちに天武皇統は事実上断絶してしまう事となった。
- Her son, the Emperor Shomu, however, failed to produce single male heir after the Prince Asaka died, which, coupled with power struggle between the Fujiwara family and other noble families, practically led to the extinction of the lineage of the Emperor Tenmu, less than 20 years from the emperor's demise.
- 鷹司 繋子(たかつかさ つなこ、寛政10年2月1日 (旧暦)(1798年3月17日) - 文政6年4月4日 (旧暦)(1823年5月14日))、のちの贈皇后 繋子は、江戸時代後期の仁孝天皇の女御。
- Tsunako TAKATSUKASA (March 17, 1798 - May 14, 1823), later Zokogo (a title of empress given after her death) Tsunako, was the nyogo (a court title of the Emperor's consort) of the Emperor Ninko during the late Edo period.
- 父草壁は皇太子位のまま亡くなり即位していないため、本来であれば「皇子」ではなく「王」の呼称が用いられるはずだが、祖母である持統天皇の後見もあってか、立太子以前から皇子の扱いを受けていたと思われる。
- Since his father, Kusakabe, had died as crown prince before enthronement, Karu should have normally been addressed '王' (referring to male imperial family members) rather than '皇子' (referring to emperor's legitimate sons or emperor's blood brothers), but it may have been due to his grandmother Empress Jito's guardianship that he had supposedly been treated as the latter before he truly became the crown prince.
- 閑院宮愛仁親王(かんいんのみや なるひとしんのう、文化 (元号)15年1月13日 (旧暦)(1818年2月17日) - 天保13年9月17日 (旧暦)(1842年10月20日))は、江戸時代の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Kanin-no-miya Naruhito (February 17, 1818 – October 20, 1842) was a member of the Imperial family who lived in the Edo period.
- 伏見宮貞敬親王(ふしみのみや さだゆきしんのう、安永 (元号)4年12月10日 (旧暦)(1776年1月1日) - 天保12年1月21日 (旧暦)(1841年2月12日))は、江戸時代の日本の皇族。
- Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayuki (January 1, 1776 - February 12, 1841) was a member of the Imperial family in the Edo Period.
- 古事記では迦具漏比売とされるが、彼女は実兄日本武尊の曾孫に当たり、生物学的に不可能である(現に、日本書紀では応神天皇の后となっているし、古事記でも彼の名前の重複が認められる)ことから誤記と思われる。
- In Kojiki (The Records of Ancient Matters), he was considered as Kagurohime, but since Kagurohime was a great-granddaughter of his real older brother, YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto, this was biologically impossible (it is actually described in Nihonshoki [the oldest chronicles of Japan] that she became the empress to Emperor Ojin, and his name is repeated in Kojiki, too).
- 同32年に皇后の日葉酢媛命(ひばすひめのみこと)が薨去した際、天皇は野見宿禰の進言に従って人・馬などの土物(はにもの)を墓に立てて代替とすることを命じ、以後これが慣例になったという(埴輪の起源譚)。
- When his empress Hibasuhime no mikoto passed away in 3 A.D., by the advise of Nomi no Sukune, the Emperor ordered Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) of people, horses, and so on to be placed in the grave as the substitute for junshi, and since then, it this became the usual practice (the origin of Haniwa).
- 喬子女王(たかこじょおう、寛政7年6月14日 (旧暦)(1795年7月29日) - 天保11年1月16日 (旧暦)(1840年2月18日))は、江戸幕府第12代征夷大将軍・徳川家慶の正室(御台所)。
- The Princess Takako (July 29, 1795 - February 18, 1840) was the legal wife (Midaidokoro) of Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA, the 12th seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 『日本書紀』天智10年(671年)11月の条に、「大友皇子は左大臣蘇我赤兄臣・右大臣中臣金連・蘇我果安臣・巨勢人臣・紀大人臣ら五人の高官と共に宮殿の西殿の織物仏の前で「天皇の詔」を守ることを誓った。
- According to the entry in the 'Nihonshoki' in the Eleventh Month of the Tenth Year of Emperor Tenchi, 'Prince Otomo promised to obey the 'Imperial Edict' in front of '織物仏' placed in the west edifice in the palace with five other high officials: SOGA no Akaeomi who was the Sadaijin (the Minister of the Left), NAKATOMI no Kanenomuraji who was the Udaijin (the Minister of Right), SOGA no Hatayasu, KOSE no Hitoomi, and KI no Ushinoomi.'
- 引き続き権力を握った仲麻呂(恵美押勝に改名)は唐で安史の乱が発生したことを機に、淳仁天皇の名において隣国新羅の討伐を目論み、国内制度も日本的なものから唐のものへ名称を変更するなどの政策を推し進めた。
- Inspired by the Anshi War in Tang Dynasty, Nakamaro, (now EMI no Oshikatsu) who continued in power, planned to attack neighboring Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) and forged ahead with such policies as to change the names of domestic systems from Japanese style to Chinese style.
- (これにさきだち同年9月11日に「十月十三日是朕生日毎至此辰威慶兼集宜令諸寺僧尼毎年是日転経行道海内諸国竝宜断屠内外百官賜酺宴一日仍名此日為天長節庶使廻斯功徳虔奉先慈以此慶情普被天下」と勅が下された)。
- (Prior to this, an imperial decree was issued on September 11the same year '十月十三日是朕生日毎至此辰威慶兼集宜令諸寺僧尼毎年是日転経行道海内諸国竝宜断屠内外百官賜酺宴一日仍名此日為天長節庶使廻斯功徳虔奉先慈以此慶情普被天下').
- 父(天武天皇)の元に身を寄せたと思われる(『万葉集』から高市の正妃となったとする説もある)が、敗北した近江側の実質的な皇后として、また天皇の皇女として依然として大変複雑な辛い立場にあったことは疑いない。
- While she is thought to have put herself under the protection of her father (Emperor Tenmu) (Some say in 'Manyoshu' [the oldest anthology of tanka] she became the lawful wife of Takechi), there is no doubt that she remained in a very complicated and awkward situation as the empress in substance of defeated Omi side or as an Imperial princess of the Emperor.
- その一方で妃の存在は、外戚としての政治参加を期待する藤原氏のような貴族にとっては障害となる制度であり、実際に藤原基経の娘藤原穏子の醍醐天皇への入内が為子内親王が妃であることを理由に阻まれたと言われている。
- On the other hand, the presence of Hi was an obstacle to nobles like Fujiwara clan who were expecting to participate in politics as a maternal relative, and actually a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune, FUJIWARA no Onshi was blocked to enter into the court because the Imperial Princess Ishi was Hi.
- 『隋書』卷81 列傳第46 東夷にある俀王「姓阿毎 字多利思比孤 號阿輩雞彌」は、『新唐書』東夷伝日本伝に「用明 亦曰目多利思比孤 直隋開皇末 始與中國通」とあり用明天皇が多利思比孤であると記述している。
- 'Zuisho' (the Book of the Sui Dynasty) vol.81, which is Retsuden (literally, a series of biographies) No.46, describes the ruler of Wa (supposedly, Japan) in the world of Dong Yi (eastern barbarians) (i.e. to the east of China), 'whose surname was Ama, courtesy name Tarishihiko, and title okimi,' which was later quoted in an article on Japan in the section of Dong Yi of 'Shin To-jo' (New book of Tang) as 'Yomei, who was Me-tarishihiko, first established diplomatic relations [between China and Japan (N.B. this Japan was allegedly distinguished from the kingdom of Wa)] in the sixth century' (N.B. the meaning of Me in Me-tarishihiko is controversial and some researchers insist that it refers to a navy or army secretary), thus suggesting that Tarishihiko should be identified as Emperor Yomei.
- なお、幕末以後日本が西洋と国交を開いた直後には、西洋の皇帝(=天皇)と王の関係を日本や中国と同様の非対等な関係と誤解をして、帝制の国家と王制の国家あての国書に格差を付けてしまった為に、紛糾したと言われている。
- Soon after Japan established diplomatic relations with the West at the end of Edo Period, the Japanese government misunderstood that the relationship between the emperor (Japanese emperor) and king of the West was an unequal relationship like that of Japan and China, and discriminated sovereign's messages to imperial states from those to royal states, causing confusions.
- 天皇の在位期間が短くなる、平安時代後期には、以前に皇后(中宮)だったものが、のちに新たに皇后が立てられると皇太后と称せられ、さらにまた新たな皇后が立てられると、繰り上がって太皇太后の位を贈られるようになった。
- In the late Heian period when Emperors changed frequently in a short period of time, there were cases that a former imperial wife (Empress) was given the title of Empress dowager when a new Empress came into the palace, and she would be elevated to the title of Grand empress dowager when another new Empress came.
- 鷹司 祺子(たかつかさ やすこ、文化 (元号)8年2月25日 (旧暦)(1811年3月19日) - 弘化4年10月13日 (旧暦)(1847年11月20日))、のちの皇太后 祺子は、江戸時代後期の仁孝天皇の女御。
- Yasuko TAKATSUKASA (March 19, 1811 - November 20, 1847), later the Empress Dowager Yasuko, was the nyogo (a court title of the emperor's consort) of the Emperor Ninko during the late Edo period.
- しかし、道隆は、本来、皇后が「天子の嫡妻」(『令義解』による令の条文の解釈)であることから、現時点ではあくまで「太上天皇」円融の妻である遵子を皇后にとどめたまま、在位の天皇の嫡妻である定子の立后に強引に踏み切った。
- Since the empress was originally a 'lawful wife of an emperor' (an interpretation of the articles of the Ryo in 'Ryo-no-gige' [commentary on the Ryo]), Michitaka forcibly put up Teishi who was the lawful wife of the reigning emperor, as empress, while Junshi, the wife of 'Daijo tenno' (the Retired Emperor) Enyu, stayed as empress.
- 白壁王と井上内親王の間には他戸親王と酒人内親王が生まれており、特に、他戸王は女系ではあるものの天武天皇系男性皇族の最後の一人であるということから、その父親である白壁王が次期皇位継承者として推挙されたと考えられている。
- Imperial Prince Osabe and Imperial Princess Sakahito were born between Shirakabe no okimi and the Imperial princess Inoe and he was the last male member of the imperial family Emperor Tenmu, though Imperial Prince Osabe himself was the maternal side of the family, so it is believed that his father, Shirakabe no okimi, was recommended as the next heir to the Imperial Throne.
- (同年8月26日には太政官布告で「九月二十二日ハ聖上ノ御誕辰相当ニ付毎年此辰ヲ以テ群臣ニ酺宴ヲ賜ヒ天長節御執行相成天下ノ刑戮被差停候偏ニ衆庶ト御慶福ヲ共ニ被遊候思召ニ候間於庶民モ一同嘉節ヲ奉祝候様被仰出候事」と布達された)。
- (On August 26 same year, an edict of Dajokan (Grand Council of state) was promulgated: '九月二十二日ハ聖上ノ御誕辰相当ニ付毎年此辰ヲ以テ群臣ニ酺宴ヲ賜ヒ天長節御執行相成天下ノ刑戮被差停候偏ニ衆庶ト御慶福ヲ共ニ被遊候思召ニ候間於庶民モ一同嘉節ヲ奉祝候様被仰出候事.')
- 決定的とは認知されていない説だが、『魏略』には現在の半年を当時の日本が一年として数えていたという『倍年説』を基に歴史を再計算しその結果、神武天皇の即位は西暦181年であり、寿命は127歳の半分の63歳であったと主張している。
- It is not recognized as conclusive, but he recalculated years of the history according to 'Double Year Theory' which says in 'Weilue (Brief Account of the Wei Dynasty)', a half year of the present was counted as a year at that time in Japan, and as a result, he asserts that Emperor Jinmu was enthroned in 181 and his life duration was 63 years, half of 127 years.
- 『上宮記』逸文は近年、黛弘道の研究によって推古朝の遺文である可能性も指摘され、その内容の信憑性や実際の血統については前述のとおり議論が分かれているものの原帝紀の編纂(欽明天皇朝か)と同じ頃に系譜伝承が成立したものと思われる。
- Recently, Hiromichi MAYUZUMI's study pointed out the possibility that the surviving fragment of 'Joguki' is a remaining document from the Reign of Empress Suiko, and, even though its credibility and the truth of genealogy remain an open question as mentioned above, the tradition of genealogy appears to have been established around the same time as when Gentekiki (the ur-text of Teiki [records of Emperor's family tree]) was compiled (possibly in the reign of Emperor Kinmei).
- この点、公職選挙法附則2項に「戸籍法…の適用を受けない者の選挙権及び被選挙権は、当分の間、停止する」と定められているため、天皇及び皇族の選挙権及び被選挙権は、同法の規定によって当分の間停止されていることになるとする俗説がある。
- In this regard, Paragraph 2 of Supplementary Provision of the Public Offices Election Act prescribes that 'suffrage and eligibility for election with respect to those who do not fall under the provisions of... the Family Registration Law are to be suspended for the time being,' hence a vulgar belief that the right to vote and eligibility for election of Emperor and members of the Imperial family have been suspended for the time being according to the above-mentioned provision of the Public Offices Election Act.
- この時期には令制国やそこに設置された牧(御厩)からのウマの貢馬が滞りがちとなり、更に太政官において軍権を握った最高責任者の藤原仲麻呂が乱を起こす(藤原仲麻呂の乱)など、天皇を守るための直轄の軍備の必要性が唱えられた時期であった。
- At this time the supply of horses from Ryoseikoku and Mimaki tended to stagnate, and also a chief executive, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, who had a tight grip on military power in the Dajokan, caused a war (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War), so it was a time when the necessity to keep armaments under the direct control of those defending the emperor had been refuted.
- 当初は宮中儀礼において必要に応じて定められた地位であったが、後に皇女の優遇のために置かれるようになり、天皇と配偶関係にない皇女が准母・皇后として冊立された例も多い(これを准母立后と称し、このように后となった内親王を尊称皇后とも呼ぶ)。
- At first junbo was the status which was named accordingly in court ceremony, later it was put to give good treatment to imperial princesses, and there were many examples that imperial princesses who were not married to the emperor were named as a junbo and empress (it is called junbo-rikko [investiture of junbo and empress], and an imperial princess who became an empress in this way is also called a Sonsho kogo [honorific empress who is not a wife of the emperor]).
- なお、『新撰姓氏録』左京皇別に敏達天皇の孫として見える「百済王 (皇族)(くたらのみこ)」も彦人大兄皇子の子であることは確実だが、『古事記』に掲げられた系譜には見えないため、多良王(久多良王の久が脱落)や茅渟王と同一人に考える説がある。
- It is certain that Kutarano Miko was reported in 'Shinsen Shojiroku' (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility) as a grandson of the Emperor Bidatsu on Sakyo Kobetsu (clans branched out from the Imperial Family) was a son of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko, but since his name was not mentioned in the genealogy in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), there is a theory that Kutara no Miko was the same person as Tara no Miko (Ku from Kutara was dropped) and Chinu no Okimi.
- この言葉は、弘仁6年(815年)に朝廷が編纂した古代氏族の系譜集『新撰姓氏録』が、皇別(天皇・皇子の子孫)・神別(天津神・国津神の子孫)・諸蕃(朝鮮半島・中国大陸から渡来した人々の子孫)の3種に氏族を分類していることにちなむ造語である。
- The word 'Kobetsu Sekke' is originally coined by 'Shinsen Shojiroku'(Newly Complied Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), the pedigree record of ancient cognate clans edited by the Imperial Court in 815 which classified clans into three types: Kobetsu (descendants of emperors and princes), Shinbetsu (descendants of Amatsukami [heavenly god] and Kunitsukami [god of the land]), and Shoban (descendants of migrants from Korean Peninsula and the Chinese Continent).
- 皇別とは弘仁6年(815年)に朝廷が編纂した古代氏族の系譜集『新撰姓氏録』が、皇別(天皇・皇子の子孫)・神別(天津神・国津神の子孫)・諸蕃(朝鮮半島・中国大陸その他から渡来した人々の子孫)の3種に氏族を分類していることにちなむ用語である。
- Kobetsu is a term associated with the classifications of three kinds of shizokus, namely Kobetsu (descendents of Emperors and Imperial Princes), Shinbetsu (descendents of Amatsukami [god of heaven] and Kunitsukami [god of the land]), and Shoban (descendents of immigrants from Korean Peninsula, Mainland China, and other areas) described in 'Shinsen Shojiroku (Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility), a genealogy of ancient cognate clans compiled by the Chotei (Imperial Court) in 815.
- 天智天皇皇玄孫(四世王)の市原王(いちはらのおおきみ、いちはらおう)に嫁し、五百井女王(いおいのおおきみ、いおいじょおう、生年不詳)・五百枝王(いおえのおおきみ、いおえおう、760年生まれ、のち春原朝臣の氏姓を賜与され臣籍降下)を儲ける。
- She married Ichihara no okimi who was a great-great grandson of the Emperor Tenchi (fourth generation after the Emperor Tenchi) and had Ioi no Joo (year of birth unknown) and Ioe no okimi (born in 760, later he was granted the name of Harubara no Asomi [asomi: second highest of the eight hereditary titles] and demoted from the nobility to subject).
- 別名として伝わるのは『古事記』に袁本杼命(おおどのみこと)、『日本書紀』に男大迹王(おおどのおおきみ)、彦太尊(ひこふとのみこと)、『筑後国風土記』逸文に「雄大迹天皇(おおどのすめらみこと)」、『上宮記』逸文に乎富等大公王(おおどのおおきみ)。
- His other names include Odo no Mikoto in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), Odo no Okimi and Hikofuto no Mikoto in 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), Odo no Sumeramikoto in surviving fragments of 'Chikugo no kuni Fudoki' (description of regional climate, culture, etc. of Chikugo Province), and Odo no Okimi in surviving fragments of 'Joguki' (Record of the Crown Prince).
- 忍坂部や丸子部といった押坂彦人大兄皇子伝来の私領は「皇祖大兄御名入部」と呼ばれて、以後も息子である舒明から孫の中大兄皇子(後の天智天皇)らへと引き継がれて、大化の改新後に国家に返納された(『日本書紀』大化2年3月20日_(旧暦)条)と考えられている。
- Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko's hereditary private properties such as Otsusakabe and Marukobe were called '皇祖大兄御名入部,' and handed over to his son of the Emperor Jomei and the grandson of Naka no Oe no Oji (later the Emperor Tenchi), and it is believed that such private properties were returned to the nation after Taika no Kaishin (the Great Reformation of the Taika Era) (April 13, 646 section in 'Nihonshoki' [Chronicles of Japan]).
- また、記紀の史料批判により、継体天皇以前の編年は到底正しいとは言えず、このころの王家内部では文字による記録が常時取られていたとは考えがたいことから、記紀に伝えられた干支や系譜を元に倭の五王を推定するという試み自体をあまり意味がないとする意見も根強い。
- In agreement with the criticism on 'Kiki''s credibility as historical material and from the fact that the chronology before Emperor Keitai is far from truth, and that it is hard to believe that the Imperial family kept written records on a steady basis, some people strongly deny the meaning of the attempt to presume the five kings of Wa from the Oriental zodiac and the genealogy in 'Kiki'.
- 磐坂皇子(いわさかのみこ)・磐坂市辺押羽皇子・天万国万押磐尊(あめよろずくによろずおしはのみこと、以上『日本書紀』)・市辺之忍歯王・市辺忍歯別王(いちのへのおしはわけのみこ、以上『古事記』)・市辺天皇命(いちのへのすめらみこと、『播磨国風土記』)とも。
- Prince Ichinobe no Oshiha was also know as: Iwasaka no Miko, Iwasaka no Ichinobe no Oshiha Oji, and Ameyorozukuni Yorozuoshiha no Mikoto (all of above were written in 'Nihonshoki'); and Ichinohe no Oshiha O and Ichinohe no Oshihawake no Miko (all of above were written In the 'Kojiki'); Ichinohe no Sumera Mikoto was written in the 'Harimanokuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Harima Province).
- 応神の和風諡号である「ホムダ」は飾りの多い8代以前の天皇と著しく違っている事から実在とみなす説、三王朝交代説における征服王朝の創始者とする説、邪馬台国東遷説にまつわり皇室の先祖として祭られている神(宇佐八幡)とする説、河内王朝の始祖と見なす説などである。
- They include a theory which regards Ojin to be actual because his Japanese-style posthumous name, 'Homuda,' is extremely different from the embellished ones of the Emperors before the eighth, a theory which postulates that he is the founder of the conquering dynasty in the rotation theory of three dynasties, a theory to regard him as the god (Usa Hachiman) enshrined as an ancestor of the Imperial Family in relation to relocation of the Yamatai-Koku Kingdom to the east, a theory to regard him as the founder of the Kawachi dynasty, etc.
- ただし、『一代要記』や『本朝皇胤紹運録』を基に逆算される舒明の生年(593年)とその弟の存在を考えると、592年の推古天皇即位後もしばらく生存していたはずで、非蘇我系の王位継承候補者として、蘇我系の竹田皇子や聖徳太子と比肩し得る地位を保っていたと思われる。
- But he must have been alive for a while after the Empress Suiko was enthroned in 592, according to the birth year of the Emperor Jomei, calculated back based on 'Ichidai Yoki (summary chronicle of each reign), 'Honcho koin jounroku' (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) and the existence of his brother; it is assumed that he held the equal power as a candidate of the successor to the throne with Takeda no miko, the Soga clan origin, and the Prince Shotoku.
- 独身の女帝に後継者はなく、度重なる政変による粛清劇によって天武天皇の子孫たる皇族がなかったため、左大臣藤原永手、右大臣吉備真備、参議藤原宿奈麻呂、同藤原縄麻呂、同石上宅嗣、近衛府藤原蔵下麻呂らによる協議が行われ、その結果を受けて、62歳で即位することとなった。
- As the Empress was single and had no successor, and because there was no imperial family members who were descendants of Emperor Tenmu due to the repeated purges in political changes, FUJIWARA no Nagate, Minister of the Left, KIBI no Makibi, Minister of the Right, FUJIWARA no Sukunamaro, Sangi (councilor), FUJIWARA no Tadamaro, Sangi, ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu, Sangi, FUJIWARA no Kurajimaro, Division of Inner Palace Guard, and others had talks, which led to his accession to the imperial throne at the age of 62.
- 「日本の皇室の系図は、まっすぐに神話時代に遡りうる。これは、ギリシャで言えば、アガメムノンの子孫が、ずっと今もギリシャ王であり、イギリスで言えばアルフレッド大王の直系の子孫が、まだ王様である状態に近い感じで、外国人には驚天動地の現実である」(渡部昇一 1990年6月)。
- The family tree of the Japanese Imperial Family extends straight back to a mythological age; think if, for example in Greece, the descendants of Agamemnon had been the Kings of Greece and in England the direct descendants of Alfred the Great had been the King of the country: for non-Japanese, it is an incredible reality' (Shoichi WATANABE, June 1990)
- 折口信夫の解釈によれば、飯豊皇女は巫女であるか、ないしはそれに近い神秘的な人物であり、執政していたのではなく、清寧天皇崩御後に、巫女として「誰に皇位についてもらうべきか」と神託を仰がれて、その段階ではまだ発見されていなかった億計尊・弘計尊の兄弟の名を託宣したのだという。
- According to Shinobu ORIGUCHI's interpretation, Iitoyo no himemiko was a miko or a mysterious figure near to it, and she did not administer but was asked for shintaku (oracle) 'who should be on the throne,' after the demise of Emperor Seinei, and she delivered an oracle of the name of Oke no mikoto brothers who had not been found at that stage.
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- 皇祖考古今ニ鑑ミテ維新ノ鴻図ヲ闢キ中外ニ徴シテ立憲ノ遠猷ヲ敷キ文ヲ経トシ武ヲ緯トシ以テ曠世ノ大業ヲ建ツ皇考先朝ノ宏謨ヲ紹継シ中興ノ丕績ヲ恢弘シ以テ皇風ヲ宇内ニ宣フ朕寡薄ヲ以テ忝ク遺緒ヲ嗣キ祖宗ノ擁護ト億兆ノ翼戴トニ頼リ以テ天職ヲ治メ墜スコト無ク愆ツコト無カラムコトヲ庶幾フ
- 「思想取締りの秘密警察は現在なお活動を続けており、反皇室的宣伝を行う共産主義者は容赦なく逮捕する。……さらに共産党員であるものは拘禁を続ける……政府形体の変革、とくに天皇制廃止を主張するものは、すべて共産主義者と考え、治安維持法によって逮捕する」 内務大臣山崎巌、1945年10月。
- The secret police to control public opinions are steel active and we will arrest the communists who advocate the anti-imperial family movement mercilessly; also we will keep the communists locked up; anyone who insists on the transformation of the current political system or abolition of the Tennosei are to be considered as communists and will be arrested under the Public Peace Preservation Act.' October 1945, the Minister of Home Affairs Iwao YAMAZAKI
- 「武」は、鉄剣・鉄刀銘文(稲荷山古墳鉄剣銘文 獲加多支鹵大王と江田船山古墳の鉄剣の銘文獲□□□鹵大王)の王名が雄略天王に比定され、和風諡号(『日本書紀』大泊瀬幼武命、『古事記』大長谷若建命・大長谷王)とも共通する実名の一部「タケル」に当てた漢字であることが明らかであるとする説がある。
- According to a theory which identifies 'Bu' as Emperor Yuryaku, the Chinese character '武' can be read 'Bu' as well as 'Takeru' which corresponds to a part of the king's name inscribed on iron swords (Wakatakeru no Okimi [the Great King Wakatakeru] in Inariyama-kofun Tumulus, and the Wa□□□ru no Okimi in Eta Funayama Tumulus) and this king has been identified as Emperor Yuryaku, whose real name and his Japanese-style posthumous name (Ohatsuse no Wakatakeru no Mikoto in 'Nihonshoki' and Ohatsusewakatakeru no mikoto/Ohatsuse no miko in 'Kojiki') commonly include 'Takeru'.
- 「我らの信仰に依れば、人類の思想信仰の統一は結局人類が日本国体の霊力に目醒めた時初めて達成せられる。更に端的に云えば、現人神(あらひとがみ)たる天皇の御存在が世界統一の霊力である。しかも世界人類をしてこの信仰に達せしむるには日本民族、日本国家の正しき行動なくしては空想に終る。」とも主張した。
- He also said 'According to our belief, the unifying human belief is only possible when all the people in the world realize the spiritual power of Japan's national identity. To put it briefly, the existence of the Emperor (Arahitogami) as the spiritual power for the unified world. To make people all over the world believe this, we have to behave well as people and as a nation; otherwise it will end as a dream.'
- 正暦2年(991年)に最初の女院となった東三条院藤原詮子の待遇を定めるについては、まったく前例がない新儀であったことと、一条天皇の生母ではあるが、皇后の経歴がないために権威において一段劣る彼女をあえて后位よりも上位に位置づける必要があったことから、上皇の待遇が参考とされ、これがその後の女院の待遇の先例となった。
- In the decision of the treatment of Higashisanjoin FUJIWARA no Senshi who became the first nyoin in 991, the treatment of Joko was taken into account to decide her treatment because it was an unprecedented procedure and it was necessary to rank her, who was the real mother of Emperor Ichijo but inferior in authority to the Empress due to lack of the career as an empress, above the Empress, and that became the precedent of the treatment of following nyoins.
- 宮内庁は同陵を大阪府茨木市太田三丁目の太田茶臼山古墳(前方後円墳・全長226m)に比定しているが、築造時期は5世紀の中頃とみられており、近年、同府高槻市郡家新町の今城塚古墳(前方後円墳・全長190m)から兵馬俑の如き埴輪群が発見され、6世紀前半の築造と考えられる同古墳を真の継体天皇陵とするのが定説になっている。
- Although the Imperial Household Agency identifies the Ota Chausuyama Tumulus (large keyhole-shaped tomb mound, 226-meter-long) in 3 Ota, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture as Emperor Keitai's mausoleum, its construction is presumed to date back to about the mid-fifth century, so the accepted notion of today is that his true mausoleum is Imashirozuka Tumulus (large keyhole-shaped tomb mound, 190-meter-long) in Gunge Shinmachi, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture which is estimated to have been built in early sixth century because of the cluster of Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) like the lifelike images of soldiers and horses in the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, were discovered there.
- 昭和21年(1946年)10月から昭和25年(1950年)12月まで、昭和天皇の「西洋の思想と習慣を学ぶ」という方針に従い、アメリカ合衆国の著名な児童文学者にしてクエーカー教徒のエリザベス・ヴァイニング(日本では「ヴァイニング夫人」として知られている。enElizabeth_Gray_Vining)が家庭教師として就き、その薫陶を受ける。
- Following the policy of the Emperor Showa, 'Learn the thought and custom of the West,' he studied from October 1946 to December 1950 under a Quaker enElizabeth_Gray_Vining, a famous juvenile literary person in the U.S. (in Japan, she was known as 'Mrs. Vining'), who was invited as a tutor.
- その傍証として、ワケ号を負う履中・反正とは根本的に異質な名であることや、この2天皇から病気を理由に愚か者として軽蔑されていて、即位が円滑に行われなかったという所伝、当時の有力豪族たる蘇我・葛城氏の系譜に、武内宿禰の子として若子宿禰という人物の存在が伝えられ、時代が重なること、さらには、倭王済(允恭)と倭王珍(反正に比定される)の血縁関係を記さない『宋書』の問題などが挙げられる。
- Collateral evidences for that include: a fact that his name is fundamentally different from those of Richu and Hanzei which bear the title of wake (which means 'coming into being'); a legend that he was despised by these two Emperors as a fool because of his illness and his accession to the throne did not proceed smoothly; a story told in genealogies of Soga and Katsuragi clans which were the influential Gozoku of the time that there was reportedly a person known as WAKUGO no Sukune who was a son of TAKENOUCHI no Sukune at a period which overlaps that of Ingyo; and a problem in the 'So-jo' (the Book of Song) that it does not describe any blood relationship between King Sai of Wa (Ingyo) and King Chin of Wa (identified with Hanzei).
- 一説に、こうした鈴鹿王の立身の背景には、無念の思いを抱いて死んだ長屋王の霊を鎮めたいという朝廷の意図が込められていたといわれているが、その一方で天平9年の疫病によって議政官級の皇族・貴族のほとんどが死去してしまい、大臣に就任できる要件を満たした人材がいなくなってしまったために、大臣と同格で皇族であることが唯一の条件であった知太政官事を急遽立てなければならないという切迫した事情も介在していた。
- While there is a theory that such speedy promotion of Suzuka no Okimi was the results of the Imperial Court's influence, who intended to appease the spirit of Nagayao, who died feeling mortified, another theory says that as a plague in 737 killed most members of the Imperial Family and nobles working in the Giseikan (Legislature), leaving very few princes and nobles meeting the requirements to fill ministerial positions, there was a desperate need to quickly fill in the position of Chidaijoikanji whose only requirement was being a member of the Imperial Family and in a position equivalent to the ministers.
- 飛ぶ鳥の 明日香の河の 上つ瀬に 石橋渡し 下つ瀬に 打橋渡す 石橋に 生ひ靡ける 玉藻もぞ 絶ゆれば生ふる 打橋に 生ひをれる 川藻もぞ 枯るれば生ゆる 何しかも わが王の 立たせば 玉藻のもころ 臥せば 川藻のごとく 靡かひし 宜しき君の 朝宮を 忘れたまふや 夕宮を 背きたまふや うつそみと 念ひし時 春べは 花折りかざし 秋立てば 黄葉かざし しきたへの 袖たづさはり 鏡なす 見れども飽かず 三五月の いやめづらしみ 念ほしし 君と時時 幸して 遊びたまひし 御食向ふ きのえの宮を 常宮と 定めたまひて あぢさはふ 目言も絶えぬ しかれかも あやにかなしみ ぬえ鳥の 片恋嬬 朝鳥の 往来はす君が 夏草の 念ひ萎えて 夕星の か往きかく去き 大船の たゆたふ見れば なぐさむる 情もあらず そこゆゑに せむすべ知れや 音のみも 名もみも絶えず 天地の いや遠長く 偲び行かむ み名に懸かせる 明日香河 万世までに はしきやし わが王の 形見かここを 巻2-196
- Birds are on the wing, Over the Asuka River, Whose upper rapids Were spanned with a stone bridge, Whose lower rapids Were spanned with a wooden bridge; Towards the stone bridge, Fine and green water-weeds grow, And then withering, Soon prosper exuberantly; Toward the wooden bridge River-weeds grow up waving, And then withering, Soon prosper exuberantly; Like those water-weeds As soon as the Prince arose, The Princess rose, too, Waving like the water-weeds; When the Prince lay, The Princess after him lay, Toward him waving; Why could she forget the Prince By whose side she stood, In the Palace where he passed His mornings and evenings? Why did she leave it vacant? When she was alive, when she was well and happy, In the springtide She decked her hair with flowers, And in the autumn Adorned it with yellow leaves; She intermingled Her sleeves with the Prince's sleeves, And she watched the moon Full and clear as a mirror With admiration, With love and deep affection, Standing by his side; On another occasion She went out with him To the Palace of Kinoe, Where delicacies Were graciously offered to them; This part of Kinoe As her everlasting place, The Princess departed; And we can't see nor speak with her; Be that as it may (or Yet, nevertheless,) Swollen with the deep sorrow, Like the fairy bird, Longing for the departed, Line the morning bird, The Prince did come and go, Like the summer grass Pining and withering away, Like the evening star Going and sinking in grief; Like a swaying ship, The Prince's heart kept wavering; As this I know not How to comfort his sorrow; So I know no way And simply wish to retain The tone of her voice, Only to remember her name For ever and ever, As long as heaven and earth, Her beloved name Committing to memory, And love on her name By the Asuka River For generations As the precious memento Of the dear, deceased Princess (Manyoshu, Volume 2 -196).