土: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 土置き
- Tsuchioki (Soil coating)
- 浄土十疑論
- Jodo Jugi ron (Ten Doubts on the Pure Land)
- 迦才浄土論
- Kasai Jodo-ron (the Pure Land Treatise written by Kasai)
- 浄土真宗用
- Juzu for Jodo Shinshu Sect
- 願生浄土者
- The aspirant of rebirth in the Pure Land
- 浄土真宗の僧
- A priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism)
- 浄土宗開祖。
- Founder of Jodo Sect.
- 釈浄土群疑論
- Shakujodo Gungi-ron (the Discourse Answering Questions)
- 浄土三曼荼羅
- Jodo Sanmandala (Three Pure Land Mandalas)
- 浄土真宗系のみ
- Butsugu only for Jodo Shinshu and its Lineage
- 浄土宗・時宗用
- Juzu for Jodo Sect and Ji Sect
- 浄土宗のお会式
- Oeshiki of Jodo-Sect
- 上様、浄土宗様
- the Lord, the Jodoshu sect
- 浄土宗(法然)
- The Jodo sect (Honen)
- The Jodoshu (Pure Land sect, founded by Honen)
- 例外:浄土真宗
- Exception: Jodo Shinshu
- 浄土宗西山深草派
- Seizan-Fukakusa school of the Jodo Sect
- 覚恵(浄土真宗)
- Kakue (Jodo Shinshu)
- 称讃浄土仏摂受経
- Shosan Jodo Butsu Shoju-kyo Sutra
- 浄土真宗の元祖。
- Originator of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 出土した主な塑像
- Principal Earthen Statues that were Excavated
- 俗姓は土生川氏。
- He was born into the Dojogawa clan.
- 浄土真宗(親鸞)
- The Jodoshin sect (Shinran)
- The Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism, founded by Shinran)
- 信空 (浄土宗)
- Shinku (Jodo sect)
- 願名…国土清浄の願
- Title: Kokudoshojo no gan
- 願名…見諸仏土の願
- Title: Kenshobutsudo no gan
- 浄土真宗東本願寺派
- Jodo Shinshu Higashi Hongan-ji school
- 浄土宗西谷流の祖。
- He was the founder of the Nishitani School of the Jodo Sect.
- 末法思想と浄土信仰
- Mappo-shiso and Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith)
- だし (郷土料理)
- Dashi Broth (local dish)
- 土壁を用いないこと
- Absence of earthen walls
- 絹本着色浄土曼荼羅図
- Color painting on silk of Pure Land and mandala
- 浄土教義を確立した。
- Thus he established the doctrine of Jodo sect.
- 浄土宗長楽寺派の祖。
- He was the founder of the Choraku-ji school of the Jodo sect.
- 浄土真宗の「一向宗」
- Ikkoshu' of the Jodo Shinshu sect
- 浄土三曼荼羅の一つ。
- It is one of the Three Jodo Mandalas.
- これに土をかぶせる。
- Next, covered it up with clay soil.
- 母は土佐局中山親子。
- His mother was a Lady of Tosa, Chikako NAKAYAMA.
- 次に、土中入定を行う。
- Dochu nyujo (contemplation under the ground) is performed next.
- 2月下旬 土砂加持法要
- Late February: A Buddhist memorial service to pray for the peaceful repose of the dead by purifying the soil (as they are believed to turn into soil)
- 阿弥陀浄土信仰の始まり
- Beginning of the Amitabha Jodo Worship
- 安土問答とも称される。
- It is also referred to as Azuchi Mondo.
- 安土桃山時代~江戸時代
- From the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the Edo period
- 建造物と土地の一体指定
- Designation of a Building and Its Land
- 柱の下に土台を持つもの
- Structures that have sills under posts.
- 浄土院 (京都市左京区)
- Jodo-in Temple
- 土佐配流された後、帰京。
- After being exiled to Tosa, came back to Kyoto.
- 以後浄土教の奥義を学ぶ。
- Since then, he studied the secrets of Jodo-kyo (pure land teachings).
- 浄土真宗と他宗派との差異
- Difference between Jodo Shinshu Sect and Other Sects
- 黄色系 - 黄土、密陀僧
- The yellow pigments: Odo (yellow ocher) and Mitsuda-so (litharge, yellow lead monoxide lead monoxide, Litharge)
- 善惡の境界、皆淨土なり。
- The secular world of good and evil will be absorbed into nenbutsu to become the pure land itself.
- 浄土側曰く 法華の妙よ。
- The Jodoshu sect says: It is 'Myo' in Hokke.
- 土御門右大臣源師房の三男。
- He was the third son of MINAMOTO no Morofusa who was assigned to Tsuchimikado udaijin (minister of the right).
- 薄れゆく浄土真宗独自の教義
- Fading Trend of the Unique Teaching of Jodo Shinshu Sect
- 浄土教中国の開祖とされる。
- He is thought to be the founder of Jodo (Pure Land) sect in China.
- 極楽浄土九品往生義(良源)
- Gokuraku Jodo Kuhon Ojogi (a text on the nine grades of rebirth in gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amitabha) specified in the Kanmuryoju-kyo sutra (The Sutra of Visualization of the Buddha of Measureless Life)) (by Ryogen)
- 浄土宗…阿弥陀如来(座像)
- Jodo sect - Amidanyorai (seated image)
- 蠢々たる土俗帰敬懈るに匪ず。
- It has also faithfully fulfilled its duty of converting unenlightened common people to Buddhism.
- 法名 (浄土真宗)は、明如。
- His homyo (a name given to a person who enters the Buddhist priesthood) (the Jodo Shinshu Sect) was Myonyo.
- この点で、浄土は仏土である。
- From this point of view, Jodo is the land of Buddha.
- 浄土真宗本願寺派(西本願寺)
- Hongan-ji School of Jodo Shinshu Sect (Nishi Hongan-ji Temple)
- Jodo Shinshu Hongwanji-ha branch (Nishi Hongwanji)
- 弟子珠の数は三万浄土と同じ。
- The number of Deshidama is the same as that of Sanman jodo.
- 『江戸土産』『鐘が岬』など。
- 'Edo miyage' (gift from Edo) and 'Kanega misaki' (Kanega-misaki cape)
- 土曜日 - 西舞鶴市街地周辺
- On Saturday: Urban and suburban areas of Nishi-maizuru City
- 専雑執心判浅深 報化二土正弁立
- Ascertaining that minds devoted to a single practice are profound, to sundry practice, shallow, He sets forth the truly difference between the fulfilled land and the transformed land.
- 土中に石室を設け、そこに入る。
- Provide a rock chamber under the ground, and enter it.
- のち浄土宗の開祖、法然に学ぶ。
- He later studied under Jodo (Pure Land) Sect founder Honen.
- 金堂土砂加持 - 秋季彼岸中日
- Dosha-kaji in Kondo Hall - On the middle day of Autumn Equinox
- 菩提達磨から東土五祖の弘忍まで
- Volume 3 covers Bodai Daruma to Konin, the 5th Patriarch in China.
- 俗姓は土岐氏で、美濃国の出身。
- He was from Mino Province and his secular surname was Toki.
- したがって、浄土とは仏国である。
- Hence, Jodo is the Buddha-land.
- 穢土(えど)と対となる語である。
- This word is heteronymous to Edo (impure land in Buddhism.)
- 閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経
- Enra-o-juki Shishu Gyakushu Shoshichiojo Jodo-kyo Sutra
- 朝宮茶・政所茶・土山茶(滋賀県)
- Asamiya-cha, Mandokoro-cha and Tsuchiyama-cha (Shiga Prefecture)
- だしは、山形県内陸部の郷土料理。
- Dashi is a local dish originated from the inland region of Yamagata Prefecture.
- 相模国鎌倉の出身で、俗姓は土屋氏。
- He was born in Kamakura in Sagami Province, and his secular surname was Tsuchiya.
- 浄土寺 (尾道市)(広島県尾道市)
- Jodo-ji Temple (Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture)
- ある意味で浄土に準ずるものである。
- In a certain sense, these places conform to Jodo.
- 極楽を詳説するのは「浄土三部経」。
- Gokuraku is explained in detail in 'Jodo Sanbu-kyo' (the three main sutras of the Pure Land sect).
- 本願寺(浄土真宗)の実質的な開祖。
- He was effectively the founder of Hongan-ji Temple (Jodo Shinshu).
- 1号壁・釈迦浄土図 - 東の大壁。
- Wall No. 1, Shaka Jodozu: On the eastern Taiheki.
- 浄土経には善立方便顕示三乗とあり。
- In the sutra Jodokyo, it is said 'Zenritsu Hoben Kenji Sanjo.'
- 毎年7月最終週の土・日曜日の2日間
- Two days from Saturday to Sunday of the last week of July every year
- 当初は、父の影響で浄土真宗を学んだ。
- Initially, he studied Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) due to the influence of his father.
- 6号壁・阿弥陀浄土図 - 西の大壁。
- Wall No. 6, Amida Jodozu: On the western Taiheki.
- 全体が白土によって厚く塗られている。
- Then, the whole parts were coved with thick coats of white clay.
- (『顕浄土真実教行証文類』)とある。
- (From 'A Collection of Passages that Reveal the True Lessons, Practice and Understanding of the Way to the Pure Land')
- 諱は光瑞、法名 (浄土真宗)は鏡如。
- His imina (personal name) was Kozui and his homyo (a name given to a person who enters the Buddhist priesthood) (Jodo Shinshu - the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) was Kyonyo.
- - 得度、浄土真宗本願寺派新門に就任
- He did tokudo (enter the Buddhist priesthood) and assumed the Shinmon of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect.
- - 浄土真宗本願寺派第24代門主就任
- Assumed the 24th Monshu of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect.
- まず阿弥陀如来の極楽浄土の荘厳を説く。
- First, it preaches the solemnity of Gokuraku Jodo (the Land of Perfect Bliss), where Amida-Nyorai resides.
- このような浄土について種々に説かれる。
- There are various traditions devoted to various Jodo.
- これは浄土に生れるための正定業である。
- This name invoking is a Shojo no go (a Rightly Established Practice) in order to be reborn in the Pure Land.
- 1518年(永正15年)、土佐に生る。
- 1518: Born in Tosa.
- 塑像(そぞう)は、粘土を素材とした像。
- The term earthen image means images of which the material is clay.
- 閻魔は地獄と浄土を往来できるとされる。
- Enma is believed to be able to travel back and forth between Hell and the Pure Land.
- 著書に「浄土依憑経論意疏目録」がある。
- He wrote 'Jodo Ehyo kyoron isho mokuroku' (Also known as Chosai-roku, Chosai's bibliographical record (of Jodo Sect)).
- 浄土宗西山派の祖証空に浄土教を学んだ。
- He studied the doctrine of the Jodo Sect under Shoku, the founder of the Nishiyama School of the Jodo Sect.
- 後柏原天皇宸翰後土御門後柏原両天皇詠草
- Gokashiwabara Tenno Shinkan Gotsuchimikado Gokashiwabara Ryo Tenno Eiso (Emperor Gokashiwabara's Letter, draft poem of both Emperor Gotsuchimikado and Gokashiwabara).
- 浄土側曰く 法華を捨つるとの経文あり。
- The Jodoshu sect says: There is a sentence in a sutra saying 'abandon Hokke.'
- 法名 (浄土真宗)は即如(そくにょ)。
- His homyo (name given to a person who enters the Buddhist priesthood) of Jodo Shinshu sect is Sokunyo.
- それを受け継ぎ仏壇の「壇」は土偏である。
- To inherit this origin, the Chinese character of 'dan' has a left-hand radical tsuchi-hen (the 'earth' radical.)
- 11月23日~28日…浄土真宗東本願寺派
- November 23 to 28: Jodo Shinshu sect Higashi Hongan-ji school
- 浄土真宗として教団の形になったのは没後。
- Jodo Shinshu Sect became a religious group after his death.
- 浄土真宗各派ではそれぞれに決まりがある。
- Each branch of Jodo Shinshu sect has its own regulation for the Buddhist altar case.
- 浄土側重ねて曰く 捨てるか、捨てざるか。
- The Jodoshu sect says: Do you abandon it or not?
- 土壁を用いないことについても同様である。
- Similarly, earthen walls are not used.
- - 枝豆の餡、宮城県と山形県の郷土料理。
- It is made from green soybeans and is a specialty of Miyagi Prefecture and Yamagata Prefecture.
- 『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈』(『浄土論』)
- Muryojukyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge (Verses on the Aspiration to Be Born in Pure Land) (also known as 'Jodoron' (A Treatise on the Pure Land Sutra))
- 浄土真宗の宗祖親鸞が定めた七高僧の第六祖。
- He was the sixth founder among the Seven Patriarchs which Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), determined.
- 浄土教・阿弥陀信仰の根本となる考えである。
- This idea provides the foundation of Jodo kyo (Pure Land teachings) with its belief in Amida.
- 浄土五祖の第一祖、浄土真宗七高僧の第三祖。
- He was the First Patriarch of the Five Patriarchs of Jodo sect, and the Third of the Seven Patriarchs of Jodo shin shu (True Pure Land Sect Buddhism).
- 土佐国高岡(高知県高岡郡津野町)の生まれ。
- He was born in Takaoka of Tosa Province (Tsuno-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi Prefecture).
- 浄土真宗の門徒は、お守りやお札を持たない。
- Monto of Jodo Shinshu Sect have neither omamori nor ofuda.
- 浄土真宗において仏壇は、金仏壇を奨励する。
- Kin butsudan (golden alter) is recommended in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 3 信心をとらしめて報土往生をとぐべき事。
- 3. Monto must devote themselves in faith in order to reincarnate in the Pure land.
- 現在では揚屋はほぼどの土地にも存在しない。
- Today, there are no ageya anywhere in Japan.
- 臨終の時に阿弥陀仏の本願や国土の楽を知る。
- At the time of death, they come to know a real hope of Amida Buddha and easy life in this world.
- 『転経行道願往生浄土法事讃』(『法事讃』)
- 'Tengyo gyodogan ojojodo hojisan' (also known as 'Hojisan') (Liturgy for the Rite of Desiring Birth in the Pure Land through Reciting Sutras and Circumambulation)
- 弥勒仏を中心に兜率天の様子を描いた浄土変相図
- Jodo henso-zu, describing the scenery of Tosotsuten (The fourth of six heavens in the world of desire) and Amida Nyorai in the center;
- したがって、極楽浄土に往生できるわけがない。
- However, Hozo Bosatsu denounces the Lotus Sutra, thus preventing himself from being reborn in the Pure Land.
- 一例として、浄土宗青年部が研修に訪れている。
- One example of the above is when a youth group of the Jodo sect visited for the purpose of study.
- 親鸞の『顕浄土真実教行証文類』を見てみよう。
- Let us look into Ken Jodo Shinjitsu Kyogyosho monrui (The True Teaching, Practice and Realization of the Pure Land Way) written by Shinran.
- 浄土宗五祖の第二祖、浄土真宗七高僧の第四祖。
- He was the second of the five founders of the Jodo sect and the fourth founder of the seven eminent monks of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 法名 (浄土真宗)は「彰如(しょうにょ)」。
- His homyo (a Buddhist name given to a person who has died or has entered the priesthood) was 'Shonyo.'
- 合理性を重んずる浄土真宗らしい習慣といえる。
- It can be said that this practice of nenko represents Jodo Shinshu Sect's reasonable way of thinking.
- 浄土真宗には、「永代供養」という概念はない。
- The notion of 'Eitai Kuyo' doesn't exist in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 他者が浄土真宗、ことに本願寺教団を指す呼称。
- A name used by others to indicate the Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), especially the Hongan-ji school.
- 9号壁・弥勒浄土図 - 北壁扉の西側の大壁。
- Wall No. 9, Miroku Jodozu: On the western Taiheki of the north wall door.
- 晩年は全国を遊行し、各地で土木事業を行った。
- In his later years, he traveled around the county and conducted public works at many regions.
- 法然の浄土宗成立の時期の問題も当然含まれる。
- Naturally there also arises the problem about the period of the establishment of the Jodo sect by Honen.
- 浄土真宗の仏壇の本尊の「脇掛」として掛ける。
- It is displayed as 'Wakigake' (Side Objects of Honor) of Honzon at a Buddhist alter of Jodo Shinshu.
- 釈迦如来を中心に霊鷲山の様子を描いた浄土変相図
- Jodo henso-zu, describing the scenery of Mt. Ryojusen and Shaka Nyorai in the center;
- 10月第1土曜日 霊宝館開館・国宝金堂特別内拝
- First Saturday of October: Autumn exhibition at Reihokan (the museum), including a special exhibition of the interior of Kon-do Hall (main hall of a Buddhist temple), which is a national treasure
- この第十二・十三願によって真仏土巻が説かれる。
- Vow 12 and Vow 13 explain Shinbutsudokan.
- それらの中でも阿弥陀仏の西方極楽浄土は有名だ。
- Amongst them, the Amida Buddha's 'Seiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land)' is a famous one.
- 出家(13歳時)の師は、浄土真宗の海雲である。
- When he entered the priesthood (at the age of 13 years old), his then-mentor was Kaiun, a priest of Jodo Shinshu.
- 浄土教系、禅宗系の寺院には秘仏は比較的少ない。
- At the temples of the Jodo Sect and Zen Sects, hibutsu are relatively few in number.
- 浄土真宗…阿弥陀如来(立像)一仏を本尊とする。
- Jodo Shinshu sect - Honson is one Buddha, Amidanyorai (standing image)
- 浄土真宗の礼拝の対象は、阿弥陀如来のみである。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, only Amida Nyorai is the object of worship.
- 後土御門天皇に重用され、詩などを進講している。
- Ranbakeishi was given an important post by Emperor Gotsuchimikado, and gave lectures on various subjects including poetry to the emperor.
- 10号壁・薬師浄土図 - 北壁扉の東側の大壁。
- Wall No. 10, Yakushi Jodozu: On the eastern Taiheki of the north wall door.
- 浄土側曰く それは念仏を捨てよというにあらず。
- The Jodoshu sect says: That does not mean to abandon 'Nenbutsu.'
- 最後に刃紋から棟までを鎬地用焼場土を厚く盛る。
- Lastly, a thicker coating of Yakiba-tsuchi soil (for quenching) is applied for the Shinogichi (ridge line) from the Hamon (blade pattern) to Mune (back).
- なお、例外としての浄土真宗については後述する。
- An exception of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) will be described later.
- つつしんで浄土真宗を案ずるに、二種の回向あり。
- By devoting our thinking about the true purpose of the way to the Pure Land, we can see that Amida's instructions of virtue to sentient beings have two aspects:
- さらに浄土に往生した聖なる者たちの徳を説かれる。
- He also preaches to them the virtue of the sacred who have passed away into (were born in) the Pure Land.
- 土佐坊昌俊は法名であり、本名は渋谷金王丸という。
- Shoshun TOSANOBO was his priest's name and his real name was Konnomaru SHIBUYA.
- 但し、浄土真宗においては、施餓鬼会は行われない。
- However, Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) does not hold Segaki-e.
- 4月第3日曜日:誕生寺 (浄土宗)(久米南町)※
- Third Sunday in April: Tanjo-ji Temple (Jodo Sect) (Kumenan-cho) *
- 他の浄土真宗宗派では見られない大谷派独特のもの。
- This is a unique characteristic of the Otani school, which is lacking in other schools of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhistm).
- 浄土真宗以外の宗派ではそうした決まりごとはない。
- The sects other than the Jodo Shinshu do not have regulations in particular.
- 浄土側曰く 弥陀は何処にあろうと、弥陀一体なり。
- The Jodoshu sect says: Wherever Amitabha is, Amitabha is the same.
- 浄土教の歴史の中で画期的な意義を持つ論文である。
- The treatise marked a breakthrough in the history of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 翌年に宗教法人格を取得し、浄土真宗親鸞会と改称。
- In the following year, the group became a religious corporation and changed its name to Jodo Shin Sect Shinrankai.
- 日本の浄土教諸宗においては、下記の漢訳経典をさす。
- In the various Japanese Jodo sects, it refers to the following three sutras, which were translated into Chinese characters:
- やがて風雨をしのぐ為に土壇の上に屋根が設けられた。
- Later, the earth mound was roofed in to avoid rain and wind.
- 浄土宗、浄土真宗の本尊像は基本的にこの印相である。
- The principal statue enshrined in a temple of the Jodo sect or the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) assumes in principle this inso.
- 大文第二 欣求浄土--極楽浄土に生れる十楽を説く。
- The second chapter (gongu-jodo) is about seeking rebirth in the Pure Land, explaining ten kinds of pleasure obtained in the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- 大文第四 正修念仏--浄土往生の道を明らかにする。
- The fourth chapter (Shoshu nenbutsu) encourages practicing correct Buddhist invocation and suggests the path leading to the jodo ojo (the pure land of Amitabha).
- 浄土宗では、本式念珠を用いるのが好ましいとされる。
- In the Jodo Sect, it is believed to be desirable to use formal Nenju.
- 浄土真宗における墓地は、遺骨を収める納骨所である。
- A graveyard is defined in Jodo Shinshu Sect as a place to house the remains of the dead.
- ところで、浄土真宗と一向宗は必ずしも同一ではない。
- Please note the Jodo Shinshu Sect and Ikko Sect are not exactly the same.
- 残りの12面を土壁とし、ここに壁画が描かれていた。
- In the remaining 12 hashirama, mud walls with murals were set.
- 一般には略して、『往生論註』、『浄土論註』という。
- In general, it is called 'Ojoronchu' (the Commentary on the Treatise on Rebirth in the Pure Land) or 'Jodoronchu' (the Commentary on Treatise on the Pure Land).
- このことで、「浄土真宗」を門徒宗と呼ぶこともある。
- Consequently, 'Jodo Shinshu' is sometimes called Montoshu.
- 観音菩薩を中心に補陀落の様子を描いた浄土変相図 など
- Jodo henso-zu, describing the scenery of Fudaraku and Kannon Bosatsu in the center, and so forth.
- しかし浄土経典は釈迦説法の中で方便権教の部類である。
- However, the Pure Land sutras are provisional teachings of Buddha, as shown in his own words in Muryogikyo (Sutra of Infinite Meaning).
- 現代では浄土宗、時宗、浄土真宗が法要に盛んに用いる。
- Today it is widely used in the services of the Pure Land Sect, Ji Sect and Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- また浄土真宗では、「此功徳」を阿弥陀仏の功徳とする。
- And the Jodo Shinshu sect take 'this merit' as the merit of Amida Buddha.
- 蓮華化生とは極楽浄土の蓮華の中に化生するという意味。
- Renge kesho means to be reincarnated surrounded by lotus (renge) flowers in the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- そこで、曇鸞は「仙経」を焼き捨てて、浄土教に入った。
- Therefore, Tan-luan burned 'Sengyo (Taoist bible),' and was converted to Jodo sect.
- したがって、浄土は成仏を目標とする菩薩の世界である。
- Hence, the Jodo is the world of Bosatsu attaining to become a Buddha.
- 見眞大師親鸞(1173年-1263年)浄土真宗開祖。
- Kenshin Daishi Shinran (1173 - 1263): Founder of Jodo Shinshu.
- 千葉・成田市出土鐘(国立歴史民俗博物館蔵) 774年
- Bell evacuated from Narita City in Chiba Prefecture (owned by the National Museum of Japanese History), 774
- この節では浄土真宗と他宗派との差異について記述する。
- In this section, we explain about the difference between Jodo Shinshu Sect and other sects.
- 浄土真宗においては、「死者の祟り」という概念は無い。
- The notion of 'Tatari of the dead' doesn't exist in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 1974年に浄土宗開宗800年を記念し、再興された。
- In 1974, it was revived to commemorate the 800th anniversary of founding of the Pure Land sect.
- 戦争中の1943年、一向派が離脱し浄土宗に帰属した。
- In 1943 which was during the war, the Ikko school separated from the Ji sect and belonged to the Jodo sect.
- 安土桃山時代には織田信長が大の鷹好きとして知られる。
- In Azuchi-Momoyama Period, Nobunaga ODA is known as a devotee of falconry.
- 日本全土に忍術は四十九流派も存在したと言われている。
- It is said that as many as 49 schools of Ninjutsu used to exist in Japan.
- 保存会は、浄土院 (京都市左京区)の檀家による世襲。
- The preservation society membership is transferred from one generation to the next by succession within the family of the supporters of Jodo-in Temple (Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City).
- こうしてブロンズ像と同じ大きさの粘土製の像ができる。
- Then a clay statue which was the same size of the bronze statue to be made was completed.
- こちらが浄土教における、還相回向の本来の概念である。
- This is the primary a concept of Genso-eko in the teachings of Jodo sect.
- 7月15日、守本尊を書写し土佐吉奈右京大夫に授与す。
- July 15: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Ukyo no Daibu of Yoshina, Tosa Province.
- 薬師如来を中心に東方浄瑠璃世界の様子を描いた浄土変相図
- Jodo henso-zu, describing the scenery of Toho joruri sekai (Eastern Pure Land) and Yakushi Nyorai in the center;
- 阿弥陀如来を中心に西方極楽浄土の様子を描いた浄土変相図
- Jodo henso-zu, describing the scenery of Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (the West Pure Land) and Amida Nyorai in the center;
- 明治に入り浄土宗(鎮西派)と合同したがその後分離独立。
- In the Meiji period, it was integrated with the Jodo Sect (Chinzei school), but spun off later.
- 天正7年(1580年)安土宗論に頂妙寺から日珖が臨む。
- In 1580 the monk Nichiko was sent by Chomyo-ji Temple to attend the Azuchi Religious Debate.
- 浄土教の人々は道綽の安楽集 の報土説を根本としている。
- People in the Jodo sect basically see Gokuraku as Hodo in Anrakushu (A Collection of Passages Concerning Birth in the Pure Land), by Doshaku.
- よって阿弥陀仏の本願の働きであると浄土教側は解釈する。
- So the priests of the Jodo kyo interpreted Tariki as the work of the Original Vow made by Amida Buddha.
- この意味で、浄土とは仏の自利利他の二利満足の場である。
- In this sense, the Jodo is a place for Buddha's satisfaction, and for the benefit of others - the satisfaction for both parties.
- 土地柄によっては戸幅が先で高さが後に表される所もある。
- Depending on local customs, dimensions of the door width are indicated before that of the height.
- そのために他宗では浄土真宗ほど仏壇に対して厳しくない。
- Accordingly, other sects than Jodo Shinshu became less strict with butsudan than the Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- それゆえ、浄土真宗では仏壇に対しての決まりごとが多い。
- Therefore, Jodo Shinshu Sect has set many standard operating rules on butsudan.
- 浄土真宗では、位牌に魂が宿っているとの考え方はしない。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, the concept that a soul resides in ihai doesn't exist.
- 浄土真宗には、「戒律」が無いので、「戒名」は用いない。
- Kaimyo' is not used in Jodo Shinshu Sect because there are no religious precepts in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 墓所は浄土宗西山禅林寺派専念寺(京都市右京区鳴滝本町)
- His grave is in Sennen-ji Temple of the Nishiyamazenrinji School of the Jodo Sect (Narutakihon-machi, Ukyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City).
- 1月9日~16日…浄土真宗本願寺派(お西)・真宗高田派
- January 9 to 16: the Jodo Shinshu Hongan-ji school (O-nishi) and Shinshu Takada sect
- 一般に浄土の楼閣を現すとされ、須弥壇の上に設置される。
- Kuden is placed on the pedestal called Shumidan for the statue as it is generally considered to represent a magnificent palace in the Pure Land.
- 鬼退治物(紅葉狩 (能)、羅生門、大江山、土蜘蛛など)
- Onitaiji-mono (literally 'tale of demon extermination') (such as 'Momijigari,' 'Rashomon,' 'Oe-yama Mountain,' 'Tsuchigumo')
- 「大文字」(左京区浄土寺・如意ヶ岳、20時00分点火)
- The letter 'dai (大, big)' on (Mt. Nyoigatake), Jodo-ji Temple, Sakyo Ward is ignited at 20:00.
- このように、日本の浄土思想形成に多大な影響を及ぼした。
- As seen above, the book greatly influenced the formation of Pure Land Buddhism in Japan.
- ほとんど平安中期の天台浄土教によって流布したものである
- Most of of them became popular with the Tendai Jodo sect in the middle of the Heian period.
- 「真言宗の善無畏は皮黒く、浄土教の善導は顛倒狂乱す。」
- Zenmui of the Shingon sect changed to black when he died, and Shandao of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect had the wrong view and became crazy when he died.
- 地蔵院(じぞういん)は、京都府宇治市にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Jizo-in Temple, located in Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a temple of the Jodo sect.
- 大善寺(だいぜんじ)は、京都市伏見区にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Daizen-ji Temple, located in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 善如(ぜんにょ)は、南北朝時代 (日本)の浄土真宗の僧。
- Zennyo was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 阿弥陀寺(あみだじ)は、京都市上京区にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Amida-ji Temple is the temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City.
- さらに基の『法苑義林章』では極楽を他受用報土としている。
- Further, in the original 'Hoen girin-sho' (a Buddhist book teaching the doctrine of Yuishiki sect), Gokuraku is regarded as Hodo of Tajuyo (Buddha who gives joy to people with the enlightenment he has earned).
- 日本の浄土教諸宗において、それぞれ重視する経典が異なる。
- Various Japanese Jodo sects emphasize different sutras.
- その後、浄土真宗の仏壇と区別するために禅宗様が生まれる。
- Later, butsudan of Zen sect style was created in order to discriminate it from that of Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 浄土真宗においては伝灯相承(でんとうそうしょう)と呼ぶ。
- It is called Dento-sosho (the light inheritance) in the Jodo Shinshu.
- 1525年(大永5年)8月4日、土佐大乗坊において説法。
- He preached at Dosa Daijobo on September 1, 1525.
- 岐阜県土岐市の八幡神社では、10月の例祭で行われている。
- Hachiman-jinja Shrine in Toki City, Gifu Prefecture performs yabusame for the annual festival in October.
- 火床は、木を組んで土台を造り、松明をその上に突き立てる。
- The fire beds consist of the base built by stacking trees with Taimatsu (torches) driven into the top of it.
- 「厭離穢土欣求浄土」は戦国時代、徳川家康が馬印に用いた。
- 'Onriedo-Gongujodo' was used by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA for his Uma-jirushi (commanders' flag) during the Sengoku Period (the Warring States period).
- 宿善(しゅくぜん)とは、浄土真宗の教義にある言葉の一つ。
- Shukuzen is one of the words used in the doctrine of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 明治後期から大正にかけての浄土真宗本願寺派第22世法主。
- He was the 22nd Hoshu (high priest) of the Jodo Shinshu Hongan-ji School, from the late Meiji period to the Taisho period.
- 倶会一処(くえいっしょ)とは、浄土教の往生の利益の一つ。
- Kueissho is one of the benefits in the Jodo sect, regarding one's passing into the Pure Land.
- 同僚との縁から浄土教学や易学、日蓮宗や法華経などを研鑚。
- He started to study the Jodo Sect, art of divination, Nichiren school of Buddhism, and Hokekyo (Lotus Sutra) with an influence of his colleague.
- 正法寺(しょうぼうじ)は、京都府八幡市にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Shobo-ji Temple is a temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, located in Yawata City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- 以上が浄土真宗の立場であり、それを示すのが続く引用である。
- What is mentioned above is the perspective of Jodo shinshu, and the latter quotation exemplifies it.
- 真宗興正派(しんしゅうこうしょうは)とは、浄土真宗の一派。
- Kosho School Jodo Shinshu Sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) is one of the religious schools of Jodo Shinshu.
- 浄土の様子を描いたもので、主に次のようなものがあげられる。
- The Jodo henso-zu, which describes the scenery of the Pure Land, has the following characteristics:
- 宇治平等院鳳凰堂は当時の貴族の浄土信仰の代表的遺構である。
- Hoo-do Hall (the Phoenix Pavillion) of Byodo-in Temple in Uji is a representative legacy of the Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) of the nobility.
- 父は関白九条経教、母は浄土真宗本願寺(後の大谷家)の出身。
- His father was Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) Tsunenori KUJO, and his mother was from Hongan-ji Temple of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) sect, from a family later known as the Otani family.
- 経塚(きょうづか)とは、経典が土中に埋納された遺跡である。
- Kyozuka (literally, 'scriptures tomb') are burial sites where Buddhist scriptures were buried.
- したがって、この浄土には一切の苦はなく、ただ楽のみがある。
- Consequently, in this Jodo there is no pain, but only joy exists.
- 極楽浄土への往生は、そこに生まれる業の力で化生すると言う。
- It is said that to be born in the Pure Land of Amitabha means to be reincarnated as the result of the karma that is generated in that land.
- 奈良の浄土宗寺院称名寺 (奈良市)に入れられ、僧となった。
- He became a Buddhist monk at Shomyo-ji Temple (Nara City), the temple of Jodo Sect.
- これに従った浄土真宗の寺院は以後「真宗」を公式名称とする。
- Thereafter, the Jodo Shinshu temples that obeyed the order used 'Shinshu' as their formal name.
- 時宗(じしゅう)は、鎌倉時代末期におこった浄土教の一宗派。
- The Ji sect is a sect of the Jodo sect which was established at the end of the Kamakura period.
- 貞安(浄土宗側)問う 法華八軸(8巻)の内に念仏はありや。
- Teian (Jodo sect) asks: Do the eight volumes of the sutra Hokkekyo contain a Buddhist invocation 'Nenbutsu'?
- 藁灰と粘土が加熱によって酸化され鋼の焼減りすることを防ぐ。
- The straw ash and clay prevents scaling loss of the steel during heating and oxidizing.
- 『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈註』(『浄土論註』、『往生論註』)
- 'Muryojukyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge Chu' (Commentary on Verses on the Aspiration to Be Born in Pure Land) (also known as 'Jodoron Chu' (Commentary on a Treatise on the Pure Land Sutra) or 'Ojoron Chu' (Commentary on a Treatise on Reborn))
- 綽如(しゃくにょ)は、南北朝時代 (日本)の浄土真宗の僧。
- Shakunyo was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- さらに親鸞は、『浄土文類聚鈔』において、下記の通り釈した。
- Shinran further explains in 'Passages on the Pure Land Way' as follows:
- そして、混乱にまぎれて寺院を破壊し、寺院の土地を接収した。
- Shrine priests destroyed temples and took over temples' land by taking advantage of the confusion.
- 大谷廟堂(おおたにびょうどう)は、浄土真宗の宗祖親鸞の墓。
- The Otani-byodo was the mausoleum of Shinran who was the founder of Jodo Shinshu sect
- 楊谷寺(ようこくじ)は京都府長岡京市にある西山浄土宗の寺院。
- Yokoku-ji Temple, located in Nagaokakyo City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a temple of the Seizan Jodo sect.
- 六時礼讃(ろくじらいさん)とは、浄土教における法要のひとつ。
- Rokuji-Raisan is a Pure Land Sect Buddhist memorial service.
- なお、花まつりの名称は、明治時代に浄土宗で採用された呼称で、
- The notation of Hanamatsuri was adopted by the Jodo Sect during the Meiji period.
- 称念は一派を形成し一心院流(現在の浄土宗捨世派)と称された。
- Shonen founded a new school called Isshin-in school, which is now the Shasei school of the Jodo sect.
- 真宗佛光寺派(しんしゅうぶっこうじは)とは、浄土真宗の一派。
- The Bukko-ji (佛光寺) School of Shin Sect is a school of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 父は越後国の土豪・一宮氏(源姓)、母は信濃国須田氏(藤姓)。
- His father was of the Ichinomiya clan (a descendant of the Minamoto family) and a local clan in Echigo Province, and his mother was from the Suda clan (a descendant of the Fujiwara family) in Shinano Province.
- 安土桃山時代の画家長谷川等伯の絵画や関係資料を所蔵している。
- The temple possesses the pictures painted by Tohaku HASEGAWA in the Azuchi-Momoyama period and their related materials.
- その意味で、浄土という語は一般名詞であり、固有名詞ではない。
- In that sense, the word 'jodo' (pure land) is a common noun rather than a proper noun.
- そして見つかった土地が、ジェータ太子の所有する森林であった。
- The land he chose for this was the tree-clad land belonging to Prince Jeta.
- これは神社の境内を聖域、浄土として表わしたものと考えられる。
- These works are considered to have depicted a shrine's holy precinct as sanctuary or jodo.
- 仏教徒としての名告りとしての「法名 (浄土真宗)」を用いる。
- Homyo' (Jodo Shinshu Sect) is used as a name of a Buddhist.
- オリジナルの壁画は土壁に白土下地を施した上に彩色されていた。
- The original murals were colored onto mud walls with white clay for undercoating.
- ところが廃仏毀釈の問題も相俟って浄土真宗側の猛反発を買った。
- However, the Meiji government ended up with both the anti-Buddhist movement and violent opposition from the Jodo Shinshu sect on its hands.
- それまでの浄土教の教学者の『観無量寿経』の注釈を一新した書。
- The book totally renewed the commentaries of 'Kanmuryo Jukyo' written by Joto-sect scholars.
- 柱の下に土台を持つものは流造・春日造に代表されるものである。
- The first type of structures with sills under posts is represented by nagare-zukuri and kasuga-zukuri architectural styles.
- 融通念仏宗、浄土宗、浄土真宗の声明は、天台声明の系統である。
- The Yuzunembutsu-shu sect, Jodo-shu sect and Jodo Shinshu sect represent the lineage of Tendai Shomyo.
- 浄土真宗における、信心獲得の因縁となるべき善業を宿善という。
- Shukuzen refers to good acts done to become, as a fate, a believer in Jodo Shinshu.
- 1709年(宝永6年)安芸宮島の浄土真宗光明院で出家した。.
- In 1709, he entered the priesthood at Komyo-in Temple of Jodo Shinshu in Miyajima in Aki Province.
- 元浄土真宗本願寺派僧侶である高森顕徹が設立(高森は現代表)。
- It was founded by Kentetsu TAKAMORI, a former monk of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu Sect (TAKAMORI is the incumbent President).
- 香偈(こうげ)とは浄土法事讃から採った偈文(げもん)である。
- Koge is a gemon taken from the Jodo Hojisan (Hymns of the Pure Land Ritual).
- 十念寺(じゅうねんじ)は、京都市上京区にある西山浄土宗の寺院。
- Junen-ji Temple, a temple of the Seizan Jodo sect, is located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City.
- 大雲院(だいうんいん)は、京都市東山区にある浄土宗系単立寺院。
- Daiun-in Temple, located in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, is an independent temple belonging to the Jodo sect.
- このような浄土門の立場に、聖道門と異なる宗教性をみるのである。
- The position of Jodo-mon like this shows religious thoughts that are different from Shodo-mon.
- 浄土教では、とくに阿弥陀仏の名号(南無阿弥陀仏)を称えること。
- In Jodo (Pure Land) sect, Shomyo particularly means invoking the name of Amida Buddha (Namu Amida butsu).
- 『顕浄土真実教行証文類(教行信証)』、「三帖和讃」などを撰述。
- Compiled and wrote 'Ken Jodo Shinjitsu-kyo Gyosho monrui' (Selected passages revealing the true teaching, practice and attainment of the Pure Land), 'Sanjo wasan' (three Buddhist verses), and others.
- 浄土宗・時宗用の数珠は、二つの数珠を交差させたような独特の形。
- Juzu for Jodo Sect and Ji Sect has a unique shape which looks like one that has mixed the two juzu.
- その後、京都一心院で専修念仏に努め、浄土宗捨世派の祖となった。
- He then pursued senju-nenbutsu (repeating the name of Buddha without conducting any other religious training) at Isshin-in Temple in Kyoto, and became the founder of the Shasei School of the Jodo Sect.
- この結果、浄土真宗においては、祟りという概念は否定されている。
- As a result, the concept of divine punishment is also denied in Jodo-shin Sect.
- 現在見られる建造物は、安土桃山時代以降に再建されたものである。
- The shrine buildings that still exist today were reconstructed after the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 世に知られる織田信長の安土宗論もその最たる例であるといわれる。
- The typical case was the well-known Azuchi religious dispute which was set by Nobunaga ODA.
- 関東において広く浄土教を布教し、時には日蓮と争うなどしている。
- He widely propagated Jodokyo Buddhism through Kanto area, occasionally competed against Nichiren.
- 二門章では、道綽によって仏教を「聖道門」と「浄土門」に分ける。
- Nimonsho divides Buddhism into the 'Shodo-mon' (Gateway of the Holy Path) and the 'Jodo-mon' (Gateway of the Pure Land) according to Tao-cho's theory.
- 康永2年(1343年)、『顕浄土真実教行証文類』に延書をする。
- In 1343, he annotated 'Ken jodo shinjitsu kyogyosho monrui' (Selected passages revealing the true teaching, practice and attainment of the Pure Land).
- またこの『浄土論』の言葉は、回向文として浄土真宗で用いられる。
- Also, these words (in 'Jodoron') are used as ekomon (a verse that transfers merit back to Buddhas, bodhisattvas and past teachers for their further empowerment to bring beings to the way of the Buddha) in Jodo Shinshu.
- 当初真言宗を学んだが、浄土真宗に改宗し、僧僕・僧鎔に師事した。
- At first he studied Shingon Sect, but he was converted to Jodo Shinshu and studied under Soboku and Soyo.
- 同会の会員数は公称10万人(小沢浩「新宗教の風土」)とされる。
- The officially announced membership is 100,000 ('Shinshukyo no fudo' (spiritual features of new religion) authored by Hiroshi OZAWA).
- ここでも土木技術や薬学をはじめ多分野を学び、経典等を収集した。
- Here as well, he learnt lots of things in many areas, including civil engineering technology and pharmacology, and collected Buddhist scriptures.
- 日本にも平安時代に伝来され、浄土教の流行とともに盛んになった。
- It was introduced into Japan in the Heian period, and became widespread along with popularization of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- また浄土真宗本願寺第三世覚如も、元は法然の教えてあるとしている。
- The third, Kakunyo of Jodoshinshu Honganji, also remarked that the idea was originally preached by Honen.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方佛土 諸菩薩衆 來生我國 究竟必至 一生補處
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the Buddha-lands of other quarters who visit my land should not ultimately and unfailingly reach the Stage of Becoming a Buddha after one more life, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- すなわち、国土の浄不浄はそこに住む人の心によって決定づけられる。
- Thus, the purity or impurity of the land is dictated by the spirit of the residents who live there.
- 仏の教化対象の世界も仏土であるから、凡夫の世界も仏国でありうる。
- The world for Buddha's edificatory purpose is also the land of Buddha, hence, the world of Bonpu (ordinary unenlightened person) could be the land of Buddha.
- 道綽(どうしゃく、Dao-chuo)は、唐代の中国浄土教の僧侶。
- Dao-chuo (Doshaku) was a Chinese monk Chinese Jodo (Pure Land) sect in the Tang.
- 浄土真宗各派でサイズは多少異なるが仏壇サイズは同じでつくられる。
- Though dimensions of each size differ to some degree depending on sect, the dimensions of butsudan size remain the same through all sects.
- 時宗は浄土真宗や曹洞宗の布教活動によって侵食されることになった。
- Then the influence of the Ji sect diminished as the believers were taken by the Jodo-shin sect and the Soto sect.
- 浄土教では阿弥陀如来(阿彌陀佛)への信仰がその教説の中心である。
- The faith of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) is the center of the Jodo sect's teaching.
- (ただし、浄土宗の成立は厳密に言えば、平安時代末期の事である。)
- (However, strictly saying, the Jodo sect was established at the end of the Heian period.)
- 名号本尊(みょうごうほんぞん)とは、浄土真宗の本尊の形態の1つ。
- Myogo Honzon is a form of honzon (the principal object of worship at a temple) in Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- また親鸞が、『顕浄土真実教行証文類』において、下記の通り釈した。
- Also Shinran explains in 'A Collection of Passages Revealing the True Teaching, the Practice and Realization of the Pure Land Way' as follows:
- 還相回向(げんそうえこう)は、浄土教の重要な教義のひとつである。
- Genso-eko (Virtue as instructed by Amida for retiring from the Pure Land to this world) is one of the important Jodo Sect doctrines (teachings of the Pure Land).
- 地蔵院(じぞういん)は、京都市北区 (京都市)にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Jizo-in Temple, located in Kita Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple of the Jodo sect.
- 浄土院(じょうどいん)は、京都市左京区銀閣寺町にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Jodo-in Temple, located in Ginkakuji-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 阿弥陀仏の浄土に往生することを欣求し、悟りは大きな目標とはしない。
- Dying a happy death is a keen aspiration of Amitabha Jodo Buddhism whereas, Satori is not a major aim.
- 一石経も地中へ埋納して封土で覆われ、供養碑が立てられる場合もある。
- Even an isseki kyo (one-stone scripture) was buried in the ground and covered with soil, and a monument was elected for it to pray for the dead.
- それは『大乗同性経』の「浄土中成仏悉是報身」という文によっている。
- That is based on the phrase, 'Jodo Chu Jobutsu shitsu kore hoshin' (浄土中成仏悉是報身, all the Buddha in Jodo are Hoshinbutsu), in 'Daijo doshokyo' (The Mahayana Sutra on the Equal Nature).
- また、天台宗では弥陀の浄土は凡聖同居土として劣応身の土とみている。
- Also in the Tendai sect, Jodo of Amitabha is regarded as a land where common people and saints both exist, and it's a land of Retsuojin (Buddha of an inferior manifested body).
- 浄土(じょうど)とは、仏教における概念で、清浄で清涼な世界を指す。
- Jodo (Pure Land) is a Buddhist concept which pointed to a world clean and pure.
- 浄土真宗系は黒塗り・紺系、他宗は朱塗り・朱色系のものが使用される。
- Butsugu used by Jodo Shinshu Sect and its lineage are black-lacquered in the blue range, while those used by other sects are vermillion-lacquered in the vermillion range.
- 一説によれば浄土真宗で初めて法印・大僧都に叙任されたと伝えられる。
- According to one theory, he was appointed to Hoin (the highest rank among Buddhist priests) and Daisozu (the upper Buddhist priests in the second highest position) for the first time in Jodo Shinshu.
- 一般には、『浄土論』と略称し、『往生論』 『無量寿経論』ともいう。
- In general, it is called 'Jodoron (the Treatise on the Pure Land)' for short, and also called 'Ojoron (the Treatise on Rebirth in the Pure Land)' and 'Muryoju-kyoron (the Treatise on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life)'.
- 所在地:京都市左京区浄土寺七廻り町(じょうどじ ななまわりちょう)
- Location: Nanamawari-cho, Jodo-ji Temple, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City
- 民話や郷土信仰に登場する悪い物、恐ろしい物、強い物を象徴する存在。
- In folk tales and local religions it symbolizes something bad, frightening or strong.
- 962年(応和2年)に摂津国箕面山に隠遁して浄土行の生活を送った。
- In 962, he secluded himself on Mt. Mino in the Settsu Province and trained in Jodo practices.
- 浄土真宗の要義大綱を七言60行120句の偈文にまとめたものである。
- It is fundamental doctrine and principles arranged into Gemon with 60 lines and 120 phrases.
- 隣接地に2,000畳の講堂を持つ正本堂 (浄土真宗親鸞会)を建設。
- Therefore, they built the Shohon-do hall (Jodo Shinshu Sect Shinrankai) with a 2,000-jo Kodo Hall (one-jo means a space of one Japanese tatami mat) on neighboring land.
- 1476年(文明8年)5月23日、土佐吉奈連陽房、日有聞書を録す。
- May 23, 1476: Renyobo of Yoshina, Tosa Province (Kochi Prefecture) produced a record of oral teachings given by Nichiu.
- 浄土真宗の講のオルガナイザーだった伝助という人物の首塚と伝えられる。
- It has been said to be the kubizuka of a person called Densuke, who had organized the Ko (monk and believer gathering) of the Jodo Shinshu sect.
- 浄土真宗は蓮如以来、「講」と呼ばれる組織のネットワークを持っていた。
- The Jodo Shinshu Sect had maintained a systematic network called 'Ko' since the time of Rennyo.
- そこで、諸仏は修行が容易であるように、人々を浄土に引接して化益する。
- That is why each Buddha leads one to Jodo and provides these Buddhist benefits in order to make it easier to do ascetic training.
- 法然に常随すること23年、浄土教の深義に達し、円頓菩薩戒を相伝した。
- After studying under Honen for 23 years, he attained the in-depth doctrine of Jodo-kyo and inherited Endon Bosatsu-kai Bodhisattva Precepts.
- 後鳥羽天皇・土御門天皇・順徳天皇と3代に渡り天皇の護持僧をつとめた。
- He served as the priest praying for the three Emperors: Emperor Gotoba, Emperor Tsuchimikado and Emperor Juntoku.
- また浄土真宗としては、他宗の作法・教義に対して、批判する意思はない。
- Further, Jodo Shinshu Sect has no intention to criticize other sects' manners and doctrines.
- 焼香の回数は、浄土真宗本願寺派では一回、真宗大谷派では二回とされる。
- Frequency of burning incense is once in the Hongan-ji school of Jodo Shinshu Sect and twice in the Otani school of Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 法華側答う 法華の弥陀(阿弥陀如来)と浄土の弥陀とは一体や、別体や。
- The Hokkeshu sect asks: Are Amitabha that the Hokkeshu sect worships and Amitabha the the Jodoshu sect worships the same or different?
- 床を高く張ることについては、土間を基本とする寺院建築と対照的である。
- A highly raised floor presents a sharp contrast to doma, or earthen floor, a basic element of Buddhist architecture.
- とくに善導による念仏は、日本に伝わり浄土教の根幹をなすこととなった。
- In particular is the nenbutsu by Shandao which was introduced to Japan and became as fundamental as the Jodo sect.
- その後唯円(河和田の唯円)により他力法門に接して浄土真宗に改宗した。
- After that, Yuizen received outside help from Yuien (Yuien of Kawada) and converted to Jodo Shinshu.
- 九品寺(くほんじ)は、京都市南区 (京都市)東九条にある浄土宗の寺院。
- Kuhon-ji Temple, located in Higashi Kujo, Minami Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 法性寺(ほっしょうじ)は、京都市東山区にある浄土宗西山禅林寺派の寺院。
- Hossho-ji Temple is part of the Seizanzenrin-ji School, Jodo Sect, in Higashiyama-ku Ward, Kyoto City.
- 凡夫の往生は仏願に乗托するから許されるというのが、浄土教の理由である。
- The reason for it in the Jodo sect is that since common people believe in the oath of Buddha they are allowed to make Ojo.
- その浄土へ往って仏に導かれて自分も悟りをうるとする浄土の考え方である。
- To go to that Jodo, and attain enlightenment through being led by Buddha, is the belief of Jodo.
- (『浄土真宗聖典 浄土三部経』本願寺出版、1996年、29頁より引用)
- (Excerpts from page 29 of 'Sacred Scriptures of Jodo Shinshu, the Jodo Sanbu-kyo,' published by Hongan-ji Temple in 1996)
- ことに阿弥陀仏の西方極楽浄土は、往生浄土を立場とする浄土教を形成する。
- Significantly, the Amida-Buddha's Seiho Gokuraku Jodo forms the Jodo sect which takes the position of the Ojo Jodo.
- 浄土真宗は、死を穢れととらえることはないので、物忌みをすることはない。
- As Jodo Shinshu Sect doesn't understand a death as uncleanness, monoimi is not conducted.
- 長野県にある善光寺では、血脈を浄土往生の認定証のように取り扱っている。
- Zenko-ji Temple in Nagano Prefecture regards the kechimyaku as a certification to be reborn in heaven.
- 浄土真宗の僧侶・門徒にとっては、年中行事の中でも最も重要な法要である。
- Hoon-ko is the most important service in the annual events to the priests and believers of Jodo Shinshu.
- 以後泉涌寺は律・密・禅・浄土の四宗兼学の道場として栄えることとなった。
- After that, Sennyu-ji prospered as a training hall for Yonshu kengaku (learning the four sects of the Ritsu, Mitsu, Zen and Pure Land).
- 浄土宗の法然が著した「選択本願念仏集」を読んで感激し、浄土教に傾いた。
- Deeply touched by 'Senchaku-hongan-nenbutsu-shu' (the holy writings of the Jodo Sect) written by Honen of the Jodo Sect, he devoted himself to the doctrine of the Jodo Sect.
- 一説には「浄土真宗」という呼称を嫌った浄土宗による呼称とする説もある。
- Another opinion states that it was used by the Jodoshu sect itself, who hated the name 'the Jodo Shinshu sect.'
- 幼い頃、浄土宗の寺院に預けられていたが、文明年間初め頃に加賀国に下る。
- When he was a child, he was placed with a temple of Jodoshu sect, but in about 1470, he moved to Kaga Province.
- このような人々の状況から、ひたすら来世の幸せを願う浄土信仰が流行した。
- This situation led to the popularity of Jodo-shinko (Pure Land Buddhism), which prayed for happiness in the after life.
- また各土地の屈指の金持ちであるから、まわりへの財力のアピールにもなる。
- Since danna-sama is one of the richest men in the respective area, it can also be a means to impress people around him with his wealth.
- 常に念仏者の規範である八誓十願の教えを広め、浄土教の信者集団を作った。
- He was always spreading the Hassei Jugan teachings, which were the standard for Nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) devotees, and formed Jodo-sect-believer groups.
- 自力による行・念仏によって浄土往生しようとした者は、選定されていない。
- The list excluded those who tried to reach the Buddhist paradise by implementing religious austerities and nenbutsu chanting that put an emphasis on self-salvation.
- 十方に浄土おおけれど西方を願(ねご)うは十悪五逆の衆生の生るる故なり。
- Although there are many pure lands, I wish for the western pure land because it saves me who is full of sins.
- 石泉学派(せきせんがくは)とは、浄土真宗本願寺派の学派のひとつである。
- Sekisen school is one of the schools under Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) Hongan-ji school.
- 三時知恩寺(さんじちおんじ)は、京都市上京区にある浄土宗の寺院(尼寺)。
- Sanji Chion-ji Temple, located in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City, is a temple (nunnery) of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- その後永禄年間(1558年~1570年)現在の浄土宗に改められたという。
- It was then converted to the Jodo sect of today during the Eiroku era (1558 - 1570).
- この寺は、かつて慈照寺(銀閣寺)の場所に浄土寺という天台宗寺院があった。
- Once there was a temple of the Tendai sect, called Jodo-ji Temple, but that site is now occupied by Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple).
- 日本の浄土教においては、善導の撰述した書を、観経の注釈書とするのが通例。
- The Jodo (Pure Land) sects in Japan commonly believe that the documents compiled by Shandao are the commentaries of Kangyo.
- 『称讃浄土仏摂受経』1巻 唐の玄奘三蔵(げんじょう)訳(650年訳出)。
- 'Shosan Jodo Butsu Shoju-kyo' (Sutra on Pure Land and expounding method through the Grace of Buddha): One volume, translated by Genjosanzo of Tang (in 650).
- 融通念仏宗(ゆうずうねんぶつしゅう・融通念佛宗)は、浄土教の宗派の一つ。
- Yuzu Nenbutsu sect is one of the sects of pure land teachings, Jodo-kyo.
- 浄土真宗では、念珠を繰りながら念仏を唱える事が無い為、珠の数は関係無い。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, there is no practice to telling the nenju while reciting Buddhist invocation and therefore, no rule exists concerning the number of beads.
- 大文第一 厭離穢土--地獄・餓鬼・畜生・阿修羅・人間・天人の六道を説く。
- The first chapter (onri-edo) describes the abhorrence of this impure world and preaches the Rokudo (six posthumous realms) of Hell, preta realm, animal realm, Asura realm, Human realm and blissful realm.
- 浄土宗・浄土真宗・日蓮宗と議論を行い、当時の仏教界に大きな刺激を与えた。
- He communicated with people from various Buddhist sects, including Jodo Sect, Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), and Nichiren Sect, and exerted a strong influence on Buddhist people at that time.
- そもそも関東の教団は、善鸞の事件もあり、異義が発生しやすい土壌であった。
- Originally, in the religious community in Kanto region, different thoughts often arose as the Incident of Zenran showed.
- (竹林派を除く) 安土桃山時代から江戸初期にかけて多くの分派に分かれた。
- (Except for the Chikurin school) It split into many groups from the Azuchi-Momoyama Period to the beginning of the Edo Period.
- 安土桃山時代頃の、古刀から新刀への過渡期をこう呼んで区別することがある。
- The transit period from Koto (Old Swords) to Shinto (New Swords) in the Azuchi Momoyama period can be designated and distinguished like this.
- また、このときに師匠・疎石の遺跡といわれる土佐国の吸江寺を再興している。
- At that time, he reconstructed Gyuko-ji Temple in Tosa Province, which was said to be the remain of the temple his mentor Soseki had established.
- 三宝礼(さんぼうらい)とは遵式浄土懺願儀から採った偈文(げもん)である。
- Sanborai is a gemon taken from Zunshi Jodosangangi.
- 浄土真宗本願寺派第21世門主大谷光尊(明如)の4男として京都市に生まれる。
- He was born in Kyoto City as the fourth son of Koson OTANI (Meinyo), the twenty-first chief priest of the Jodo Shinshu sect's Hongan-ji school.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 不即得至 不退轉者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not instantly reach the Stage of Non-retrogression, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- (正確には、『浄土論』自体が『無量寿経』の注釈書なので、再註釈にあたる。)
- (To be precise, 'Treatise on the Pure Land' itself was the commentary on 'Sutra of Immeasurable Life'; Tan-luan annotated the commentary again.)
- 信者の臨終に際して、阿弥陀如来が西方極楽浄土から迎えに来る時の印相である。
- This inso is assumed by Amida Nyorai coming to fetch a believer on his or her deathbed.
- (他宗の信者が浄土真宗の葬儀・法事に参列すると、違和感を感じる事が多い。)
- (When attending the funeral and Buddhist memorial service of Jodo Shinshu Sect, believers of other sects often have a feeling that something is wrong.)
- 御影堂の再建や学寮の開設、浄土真宗の祖親鸞の四百回忌法要などを行っている。
- He conducted several actions, including reestablishing Goei-do Hall (hall dedicated to the sect's founder), establishing Gakuryo (a dormitory), and performing the Buddhist memorial service of the four hundredth anniversary of the death of Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shinshu.
- 14歳の時、故郷陸奥国菊多郡の能満寺で出家し、名越檀林で浄土教学を学んだ。
- At the age of 14, he became a priest at Noman-ji Temple in Kikuta-no-kori, Mutsu Province, his homeland, and learned Jodo doctrine at Nagoe Danrin Buddhist School.
- 10月第3土曜日:妙蓮寺 (横浜市旭区)※(相鉄沿線、「曲題目」に要注目)
- Third Saturday in October: Myoren-ji Temple (Asahi Ward, Yokohama City)* (located along Sagami Railway and attention should be paid to 'kyoku-daimoku' (a traditional performing art that has been passed down at Myoren-ji Temple).
- 埋蔵文化財を包蔵する土地は遺跡地図等により周知が図られている(第95条)。
- As for the land that contains a buried cultural property, the public is to be notified by means of a site map, etc. (Article 95).
- 宝暦年間(1751年-1763年)、阿弥陀寺(浄土宗)帰白院の住職となる。
- During Horeki Era (1751 – 1763), he served as the chief priest of Kihaku-in at Amida-ji Temple (Pure Land Sect).
- このように解釈すると、浄土から帰ってきた霊魂のようなものを想定してしまう。
- Interpreted as that, one is inclined to conceptualize something like a spirit which has returned from the Pure Land to this world.
- 六時に分けて法要を勤める形式は、浄土教に限らず東大寺修二会などでも見られる。
- The practice of conducting Buddhist ceremonies according to the rokuji times of the day is not limited to the Pure Land Sect and can also be seen in the Shunie ceremony of Todai-ji Temple.
- ところが、浄土門の人々は事相の浄土 を立て、心外に仏を見るという立場に立つ。
- However, people in Jodo-mon (Gateway of the Pure Land) make Jodo of Jiso (phenomenon) and hold the position that they see Buddha outside their hearts.
- よって、往生の本義は、ただ極楽浄土に往く事にあるのでなく、仏になる事にある。
- Thus the primary meaning of ojo is to become a Buddha but not simply to go to the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- 融通念仏、浄土宗西山派、浄土真宗および時宗で説く、他力本願の教義を表す要語。
- It is a term that shows the doctrine of Tariki Hongan (salvation through the benevolence of Buddha), which Yuzu Nenbutsu (reciting the name of Amida Buddha), the Nishiyama school of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect, the Jodo Shinshu sect and the Jishu sect all preach.
- 鎌倉時代に入り、浄土教が流行し称名念仏が盛んになるとともに一般にも普及する。
- In the Kamakura period, when Jodo-kyo (pure land teachings) prevailed and Invocation of the Buddha's Name became popular, it spread widely among ordinary people.
- (物忌みに関しては下の「浄土真宗と他宗派との差異」の「物忌み」の項目を参照)
- (regarding monoimi, refer to the article of 'monoimi' included in the section of 'Difference between Jodo Shinshu Sect and other sects' described below)
- 転じて江戸時代、江戸幕府によって強制的に浄土真宗の公式名称とさせられたもの。
- It was developed into a formal name for the former Jodo Shinshu sect, which the Edo bakufu forcibly renamed during the Edo period.
- この図様は浄土三部経の1つ「無量寿経」所説の浄土を表すものと解釈されている。
- This design of the mural is interpreted as an expression of the Jodo (Pure Land) of 'Muryoju-kyo' (The Infinite Life Sutra), one of the Jodo Sanbu-kyo (the three main sutras of the Jodoshu sect).
- 能の流派は大和四座の系統の流派と、それ以外の日本各地の土着の能に分けられる。
- The sects in Noh can be divided according to the system of Yamoto-shiza, and local Noh sects in various places in Japan.
- 明治時代以降の日本の近代化に寄与してきた産業・交通・土木関連の建造物である。
- These are construction heritages related to industrial, traffic and civil engineering works attributed to the modernization of Japan since the Meiji period.
- 法然が、その思想に影響を受け、「浄土三部経」と並べて「三経一論」と重んじる。
- Influenced by the thought, Honen valued it as 'sangyo Ichiron' (the three sutras and one commentary) along with 'Jodo sanbu kyo' (the three Pure Land sutras).
- 漢の時代に中国へ伝わったとき、中国本土の建築様式と結合し中国の仏塔となった。
- When the stupa diffused to China under the Han Dynasty, it was combined with the local architectural style and became the Chinese pagoda.
- なお、遣迎院の院号は、浄土へ「遣」わす釈迦、浄土で「迎」える阿弥陀に由来する。
- Ingo (a title of a temple), 'Kengoin,' is derived from two Chinese characters '遣 (to send)' and '迎 (to receive),' meaning that Shaka sends people to Jodo (the Pure Land of Amida Buddha) and Amida welcomes people into the Pure Land.
- 本来、浄土信仰であるので、浄土系の宗派の図様であるが、全宗派的な広がりを持つ。
- Originally it had a picture in the Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) style, since it is of the Jodo-shinko school, but it has content related to all other religions.
- 浄土宗、浄土真宗などの浄土教日本系仏教諸宗では、特に「第十八願」を重要視する。
- Various Japanese lines of the Pure Land Buddhism sect, such as the Jodo sect and the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), consider the '18th Vow' to be particularly important.
- ここに、成仏に逢仏、見仏を必要とする理由がある、というのが浄土門の立場である。
- It is the standpoint of Jodo-mon (Gateway of the Pure Land) that this is the reason one needs to meet and see Buddha to attain Buddhahood.
- 次にその浄土に往生するために阿弥陀仏の名号を執持(しゅうじ)することを勧める。
- Next, it exhorts to embrace the name of Amida Buddha in order to leave this world and be born in the Pure Land.
- 一向宗(いっこうしゅう)とは、鎌倉時代の浄土宗の僧・一向俊聖が創めた仏教宗派。
- Ikkoshu is a Buddhist sect founded by Ikko Shunsho, a Jodoshu sect monk during the Kamakura period.
- 一方、壁画中の最高傑作といわれた6号壁の阿弥陀浄土図は甚大な被害を受けている。
- On the other hand, the wall No. 6, Amida Jodozu, which was considered as the master piece among the murals, has been severely damaged.
- 入江は大正時代に土田麦僊、村上華岳らが創設した国画創作協会のメンバーであった。
- Irie was a member of the Kokuga Sosaku Kyokai (National Creative Painting Association) founded by Bakusen TSUCHIDA and Kagaku MURAKAMI, and others in the Taisho period.
- 埋蔵文化財は、他の文化財とは異なり土地に埋蔵されている状態にある文化財である。
- Buried cultural properties, unlike other cultural properties, are cultural properties that exist in such a state that they're buried underground.
- この他に平城宮の跡地から製造中に未完成のまま遺棄された物が出土された例がある。
- In addition, there was an example of an abandoned and unfinished, possibly during production of a Hyakuman-to Tower, excavated from the site of the Heijo-kyu Palace.
- 『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈(浄土論)』(世親〈婆藪般豆〉撰述)に註解を加えた書。
- It was an commentary given to 'Muryoju-kyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge (the Verses on the Aspiration to Be Born in the Pure Land)', also known as Jodoron (the Treatise on the Pure Land Sutra), which was compiled by Seshin (Vasubandhu).
- さらに、陰陽思想や浄土思想と習合し、地獄における閻魔配下の獄卒であるとされた。
- Furthermore, it is integrated with the Yin-Yan and Pure Land philosophies, and it has been regarded as the Gokusotsu ogre working under the ogre Enma in hell.
- 信者は、御内法、御内証などと呼び、浄土真宗からは秘事法門、邪義などと呼ばれる。
- Kakushi nenbutsu is called 'Gonaiho' (the inward law) or 'Gonaisho'(the secret law) by its believers, and it is called 'Hijihomon' (the secret belief) or 'Jagi' (heresy) by Jodo Shinshu.
- 以上のように、凡夫が浄土に往生する相(すがた)を、教・行・信・証とで説明する。
- As can be seen from the above, how foolish beings attain birth in the Pure Land is explained through Teaching, Practice, Faith, and Enlightenment.
- 百万遍知恩寺(ひゃくまんべんちおんじ)は、京都市左京区にある浄土宗大本山の寺院。
- Hyakumanben Chion-ji Temple, located in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, is the Grand Head Temple of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
- 大本山 浄土寺 (尾道市)(広島県尾道市)、法楽寺 (大阪市)(大阪市東住吉区)
- Daihonzan (head temple), Jodo-ji Temple (Onomichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture), Horaku-ji Temple (Higashisumiyoshi Ward, Osaka City.)
- 湘南和尚の妙心寺時代の弟子(土佐吸江寺にも同行)に、後に還俗した山崎闇斎がいる。
- One of his disciples in Myoshin-ji Temple (who also accompanied him to Gyuko-ji Temple in Tosa) was Ansai YAMAZAKI, who later returned to secular life.
- 熊本県水俣市にある浄土真宗本願寺派源光寺には、薩摩部屋というものが残されている。
- There is Satsuma Beya (the room of Satsuma) left in Genko-ji Temple of Hongan-ji School, the Jodo Shinshu sect in Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture.
- なお、浄土真宗では、住職の妻のことを指し、敬称で“おくりさん”ということもある。
- In addition, in the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), it refers to a wife of the chief priest, and she is sometimes called 'Okuri-san' as an honorific title.
- 浄土三部経(じょうどさんぶきょう)は、浄土教日本諸宗の正依の三経典の総称のこと。
- The Jodo Sanbu-kyo is a collective name for the basic three sutras of the various Jodo sects in Japan.
- 浄土教系諸宗においては、浄土三部経を正依の経典としているため、後者が用いられる。
- Since the schools of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect have the Jodo Sanbu-kyo (the three main sutras of the Pure Land sect) as the main scripture, the latter is used.
- が、浄土教ことに浄土真宗では「自力」の対語は「他力本願」であり「他力」ではない。
- However, in the thoughts of the Jodo kyo, especially of the Jodo shin shu (True Pure Land sect Buddhism), the antonym of 'Jiriki' is 'Tariki Hongan,' but not 'Tariki.'
- これらの浄土は、ただちにこの世界ではなく、別の世界において設立されたものである。
- These Jodo are not in this world that we live in, but built in another world.
- その後、大和国針の荘において乱暴を働いたことから、土肥実平によって捕らえられた。
- Thereafter, he was captured by Sanehira DOI because he committed an outrage in Hari no sho Manor in Yamoto Province.
- その後大巌寺の住職となり、奈良霊巌院・山田霊巌寺など各地に浄土宗寺院を建立した。
- Later, he became a resident priest of Daigan-ji Temple, and built many Jodo sect temples in many places, including Reigan-in Temple in Nara and Yamada Reigan-ji Temple.
- 東大寺で三論教学、醍醐寺で因明(いんみょう)などを学び、浄土教にも学識があった。
- He learnt San-lun Teachings at Todai-ji Temple and Inmyo (logic of Buddhism) at Daigo-ji Temple and he also had knowledge of the Jodo sect of Buddhism.
- 覚如(かくにょ)は、鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Kakunyo was a Buddhist monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who was active from the end Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 当初極楽浄土への往生を願っていたが、没時には弥勒兜率天往生願生に改めたとされる。
- It is said that though he originally aspired to go to the Pure Land after death, he aspired to go to Tusita Heaven, a world where miroku (Maitreya) lives, when he died.
- ちなみに、この時代の布教者としては浄土真宗の蓮如や日蓮宗の日親などが有名である。
- In addition, Rennyo of the Jodo Shinshu sect and Nisshin of the Nichiren sect were famous propagandists of the time.
- また平安時代中期から浄土教の影響で西方浄土の極楽に見たてた浄土式庭園が流行した。
- And from the middle of the Heian period, the Jodo style garden that mimics the idea of Western Paradise under the doctrine of the Jodo thoughts of Buddhism (thoughts of going to heaven through praying to Amida Buddha) was prevailing.
- 存覚(ぞんかく)は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Zonkaku was a Buddhist priest of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who lived from the late Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
- 1204年(元久元年)出家して法然に師事して浄土教を学び、のちに親鸞に帰依した。
- After becoming a priest in 1204, he studied Jodo (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism under Honen (founder of Jodo sect) and later became a believer in Shinran's teachings.
- 徳川時代の川柳や笑話などにも、しばしば衆道を唐土から導入した人物として登場する。
- In senryu (satiric haiku) or comical stories in the Tokugawa period, Kukai often appears as a person who introduced homosexuality from China.
- 大谷本廟(おおたにほんびょう)は、京都府京都市東山区にある浄土真宗の宗祖親鸞の墓。
- Otani mausoleum is a graveyard in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture where the grave of Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) is located.
- 鎌倉時代には浄土宗の開祖法然が礼讃に節をつけ、念仏三昧行のひとつとして完成させた。
- In the Kamakura period, Pure Land Sect founder Honen put tunes to Buddhist worship to create one of the nenbutsu-zanmai (mental absorption in the nenbutsu) practices.
- その位牌を置くために位牌壇を作ったり、浄土真宗を真似て仏壇を使用するようになった。
- Those ihai tablets were then installed in ihai-dan (an altar for ihai tablets) or other altars made in imitation of butsudan of Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- また、浄土教等に見受けられる浄土なる世界は、六道輪廻確立より更に後代の思想である。
- Historically, the pure land philosophy that is held by Jodo-kyo etc. was established long after the establishment of Rokudo-rinne philosophy.
- この種の作品を中国では「浄土変相図」と称するのに対し、日本では曼荼羅と称している。
- While these works are called 'jodo henso-zu' (the picture describing Buddhist Heaven and Pure Land) in China, they are called mandala in Japan.
- 念仏の回数を問題にしない浄土真宗などの場合は、仏前での崇敬の念の表れとして用いる。
- In sects that do not care about the frequency of Buddhist invocation, such as Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), it is used as a symbol of reverence to Buddha.
- 浄土真宗の祖親鸞の弟子真仏に師事し、その後親鸞の直弟子となって顕智と改めたという。
- He studied under Shinbutsu, a disciple of Shinran who was a founder of Jodo Shinshu, and later became Shinran's direct disciple and changed his name to Kenchi.
- 日蓮宗が摂受も行うようになったのは、安土問答の法論で浄土宗に負けてからといわれる。
- The reason why Nichirenshu sect began to practice shoju also is said that it was defeated by Jodoshu sect in the dispute at the Azuchi Dialogue.
- ただ古代の神社建築においても一部の住吉造など、床を張らずに土間とする様式もあった。
- However, some ancient shrines, like sumiyoshi-zukuri structures, have earthen instead of timbered floors.
- 実業家出身で、浄土真宗木辺派の僧侶、刑務所の教誨師、篤志面接委員としても活躍した。
- A former businessman, Yoshimoto was also active as a priest of Jodo Shinshu Kibe school, Kyokaishi (teacher to reform a criminal) at a prison, and an interview committeeman of charity.
- 七高僧(しちこうそう)とは、浄土真宗の宗祖とされる親鸞が選定した7人の高僧のこと。
- The seven patriarchs are the seven high priests selected by Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 京都における浄土宗四ヶ寺本山のひとつであり、法然上人二十五霊跡第22番札所でもある。
- It's one of the four head temples of the Jodo sect in Kyoto and the twenty-second fudasho (temple in which amulets are collected) of Honen Shonin's 25 Sacred Sites with historic associations.
- 光明寺(こうみょうじ)は、京都府長岡京市粟生にある寺院で、西山浄土宗の総本山である。
- Komyo-ji, the Grand Head Temple of the Seizan Jodo sect, is located in Ao, Nagaokakyo City, Kyoto Prefecture.
- もうひとつの中国仏教の大きな支流は浄土経であるが、この宗派は時代背景を反映している。
- Another major stream of Chinese Buddhism is the Jodo (Pure Land) sect however, this sect is a reflection of the influences of the times.
- 浄土教の根本経典である『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』(康僧鎧訳)「正宗分」に説かれている。
- These were described in 'Shojubun' of the 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo Sutra' (Sutra of Infinite Life, translated by Kosogai), which is the Konpon kyoten (primal scripture) of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect.
- 様々な浄土への往生があるが、一般的には阿弥陀仏の浄土とされている極楽への往生を言う。
- There are various interpretations of pure lands for rebirth, but it generally means the Buddhist paradise that is considered to be the pure land of Amida Buddha.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 至于得佛 諸根闕陋 不具足者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should, at any time before ascending to Buddhahood, have physical disabilities, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 壽終之後 生尊貴家 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not be reborn into noble families after death, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- そこで、真実の浄土は仏の住居する処であり、成仏せんがために精進する菩薩の国土である。
- Hence, the legitimate Jodo is the place Buddha resides, and the land of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) who is devoted to becoming a Buddha.
- 末法無仏の時代には、他力の信心による浄土往生による成仏以外にないと説いたものである。
- He argued that in the days of mappo (the end of the Dharma) without a buddha, one could attain nirvana only through Birth in the Pure Land by believing in Tariki (Other Power).
- 1247年に完成させた主著『顕浄土真実教行証文類』では「横超断四流」を提唱している。
- He proposed 'Ocho Dan Shiru' in his main writing 'Ken Jodo Shinjitsu-kyo Gyosho Monrui (Selected passages revealing the true teaching, practice and attainment of the Pure Land), which he finished writing in 1274.
- 一方、浄土真宗側は本願寺の分裂などの影響があり具体的な対応が取られることがなかった。
- Meanwhile, influenced by the division of Hongan-ji Temple and other factors, the Jodo Shinshu sect did not take specific countermeasures against the naming.
- 正倉院に放鷹司関係文書が残っており、長屋王邸跡から鷹狩に関連する木簡が出土している。
- Documents related to hoyoshi remain at Shoso-in Treasure Repository and wood strips related to Taka-gari were excavated from the site of Nagayao's residence.
- だが、個人による騎射戦術が廃れた室町時代・安土桃山時代と、時を経るに従い一時廃れた。
- However, yabusame began to lose importance during the Muromachi and Azuchi-Momoyama periods and became unpopular for a while.
- この他に、因幡国、甲斐国、肥後国、土佐国、信濃国などで産した書院紙が市場で流通した。
- In addition to the above, shoingami produced in Inaba, Kai, Higo, Tosa, and Shinano Provinces, etc. was distributed on the market.
- なお一部に身調べが浄土真宗木辺派に伝わる修行法と紹介されているが、これは誤りである。
- Although some introduced Mishirabe as a traditional training method for priests of Jodo Shinshu Kibe school, it is not true.
- また僧侶のなかには神官や兵士となるものや寺院の土地や宝物を売り逃げていくものもいた。
- Some Buddhist priests became Shinto priests or soldiers and some sold off temples' land and/or treasures and ran away.
- 隠れ念仏の多くは、浄土真宗本願寺教団自体が認可しており、教団に属していたものである。
- Many of the kakure nenbutsu belonged to - and were authorized by - the very organization of the Hongan-ji school of Jodo Shinshu.
- 行空(ぎょうくう、生没年不詳)は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Gyoku (year of birth and death unknown) was a priest of the Jodo sect of Buddhism in the late Heian and the early Kamakura period.
- 現世利益的色彩の強い、陰陽道の色彩を濃厚に含んだ密教修法や法然の説く浄土宗なども発達。
- A method in Esoteric Buddhism, which included strong characteristics of the benefit gained in this world and Onmyodo (the way of Yin and Yang, and occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements) also developed, as did the Jodo sect founded by Honen.
- 浄土真宗門徒はこのような講の組織を背景に、山中の洞穴などで法座といわれる集会を開いた。
- The believers of the Jodo Shinshu Sect performed gatherings called Hoza in caves within the mountain with this kind of Ko organization.
- 浄土真宗禁制に乗り出したのは人吉藩の方が早く、弘治 (日本)元年(1555年)に遡る。
- The Jodo Shinshu Sect was first banned by the Hitoyoshi domain in or around 1555.
- この浄土について、古来、「唯心の弥陀、己心の浄土」、「己心の弥陀、唯心の浄土」と説く。
- About this Jodo, it has been preached since ancient times that 'yuishin no mida, koshin no Jodo' and 'koshin no mida, yuishin no Jodo.'
- その仏国土より優れた点を選び取り、発願(ほつがん)し、五劫の間思惟して行を選び取った。
- From Buddhist countries he selected the very best of aspects, prayed and, pondered for a long time over which course to take.
- したがって、人々はこの世界での命が終わってからゆくので、往生浄土という考えがみられる。
- People only go there when their life ends in this world, hence, the concept of Ojo Jodo (Birth in the Pure Land) exists.
- 古代インドでは、土を積み上げて「壇」を作り、そこを神聖な場所として「神」を祀っていた。
- In ancient India, people made 'a ceremonial mound' of earth where they enshrined 'Gods.'
- 末法思想は、中国では隋・唐代に盛んとなり、三階教や浄土教の成立に深いかかわりを持った。
- In China, Mappo shiso became prevalent during the era of the Sui and Tang Dynasties and it is closely related to the establishment of Sangai-kyo (Three Stages Sect) or Jodo-kyo (Jodo (Pure Land) sect).
- 1577年(天正5年)江戸増上寺で浄土宗白旗派の奥義を極め、故郷の成徳寺13世となる。
- In 1577, he dived into the esoteric points of the Shirahata Sect of the Jodo Sect at Zojo-ji Temple in Edo and became the 13th head priest at Jotoku-ji Temple in his homeland.
- 一向は筑後国草野氏の出身で初めは浄土宗鎮西派(西山派という異説もある)の僧侶であった。
- Ikko Shunsho, a descendant of the Kusano clan in Chikugo Province, was originally a monk of the Chinzei school of the Jodoshu sect; according to another opinion, he was a monk of the Nishiyama Jodoshu sect.
- 浄土宗側―霊誉玉念・聖誉定(貞)安(西光寺)・信誉洞庫(正福寺)・知恩院助念(記録者)
- Jodoshu sect: Reiyo Gyokunen, Seiyo Teian from Saiko-ji Temple, Shinyo Doko from Shofuku-ji Temple, and Chionin Jonen (a recorder)
- 園城寺(三井寺)・出雲国鰐淵寺に入り、浄土・天台宗・真言・法相宗法相の各教学を修めた。
- He entered Enjoji Temple (Mitsuidera Temple) and Gakuenji Temple in Izumo Province, and studied the doctrines of the Jodo sect, Tendai sect, Shingon sect, and Hosso sect.
- この中では、美濃国、甲斐、土佐の書院紙が、今日でも障子紙の産地として命脈を保っている。
- Mino, Kai and Tosa Provinces are still producing shoji paper.
- 『浄土論』は『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』に対する註釈であり、本書は再註釈ということになる。
- The 'Jodoron' is a commentary on the 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetu Muryoju-kyo' (the Sutra on the Buddha of immeasurable life), which means that this book is an additional commentary on it.
- 土置きした刀身を火床に深く入れ、先から元まで全体をむらなく800℃程度にまで加熱する。
- The blade coated with Tsuchioki is inserted deeply into the Hodo, and the whole blade from end to end is heated uniformly to about 800 degrees.
- 内観の前身は、浄土真宗系の信仰集団、諦観庵(たいかんあん)に伝わる「身調べ」であった。
- The antecedent of Naikanho is 'Mishirabe' (review of one's self) of Taikan an, a religious group in the line of Jodo Shinshu.
- また、快川紹喜は明智光秀と同じく美濃国の土岐氏出身であり、同族であったと見られている。
- It is also considered that Kaisen Joki and Mitsuhide AKECHI, who was also born in Mino Province, belonged to the same Toki clan.
- のちにたくさんの納税の領収書が入っていた大きな箱が伊藤家の土蔵の中から出てきたという。
- It is said that a large box containing receipts of those taxes was found later in the earthen storehouse (a storehouse with thick earth and mortar walls) of the Ito.
- 念仏宗(浄土宗や浄土真宗など)は、浄土三部経を所依とし、釈迦ではなく阿弥陀如来を立てる。
- Nenbutsu Buddhism (including Jodoshu (Pure Land Buddhism) and Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism)) is based on the Three Sutras of Pure Land (the Sutra of Immeasurable Life, the Meditation Sutra and the Amida Sutra) and worships Amida Buddha instead of Buddha himself.
- 1955年(昭和30年)現在の寺地へ移って一派を形成し、浄土真宗遣迎院派の本山となった。
- In 1955 it moved to the present location and formed a group as the Head Temple of the Kengoin school of Jodo Shin sect.
- 変相図(へんそうず)とは、仏教絵画のひとつで浄土や地獄の様子を絵画的に描いたものである。
- Henso-zu, as Buddhist painting, describes the scenery of the Pure Land and Hell.
- 「極楽」と申すはかの安楽浄土なり、よろづのたのしみつねにして、くるしみまじはらざるなり。
- Gokuraku' is that peaceful Pure Land, where joy is always around and pain does not come near.
- 別世界に浄土の建立を説くのではなく、この世界をそのまま浄土に変現するという考え方がある。
- There is another school of thought that, rather than teaching about the building of Jodo in another world, teaches that the world will shift to Jodo as is.
- 願が成就してから十劫が経っていて、阿弥陀仏の徳とその国土である「極楽」の様子が説かれる。
- Ten kalpa passed after the completion of his vows; the virtue of Amida Buddha and the Buddha Land, or 'the Pure Land,' are also described.
- 精神的物質的に何らの潤いを感ずることのない穢土に対して、浄土とは清浄で清涼な世界である。
- As opposed to Edo, where people can not feel any material and spiritual well being, Jodo (Pure Land) is a pure clean land.
- 『維摩経』仏国品では、「丘陵、坑坎、荊棘、沙礫、土石、諸山ありて、穢悪充満せり」という。
- The Bukkokuhon (the chapter of Buddha-land) 'Yuimagyo (Vimalakirti Sutra)' describes that 'there are hillside, mine-pit halls, thorns, a million stones, earth and sand, many mountains and all filled with impurities.'
- 證空の画像、いわゆる「思惟の像」はその浄土教学がきわめて哲学的であることを暗示している。
- Shoku's portrait, known as 'Image of the thinker,' suggests that his Jodo-kyo teaching was quite philosophical.
- この結果、日講は日向国佐土原に配流となったが、島津氏の帰依を受け、この地に布教している。
- In the wake of this incident, Nikko was banished to Sadowara in Hyuga Province but he was embraced by the Shimazu clan and conducted propagation there.
- 浄土宗には、この他、お十夜という重要な行事があり、日蓮宗のお会式とほぼ同時期に行われる。
- In Jodo-sect, another important event called Ojuya is held around the same time with Oeshiki of Nichiren Sect.
- その功徳により阿弥陀如来の浄土に生じることを願えば、1日もしくは7日で往生できるという。
- With accumulated good deeds and strong hope to go to jodo (the Pure Land) where Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) is, they can go to gokuraku jodo in one day or seven days.
- 周囲に藁灰を付けさらに粘土汁をかけて火床(ほど)に入れ表面の粘土が溶けるくらい加熱する。
- Straw ash is applied, and then coated with clay slurry, then it goes into the furnace (Hodo) to heat until the clay surface melts.
- 結局、1207年(承元元年)法然が土佐に流罪となった建永の法難では阿波国に流罪となった。
- As a result, in 1207, when Honen was forced into exile to Tosa in the Kenei no honan (Kenei Persecution), he became exiled to Awa Province.
- もう一方の「往相回向」と合わせ、「往還二回向」とよび、浄土真宗における、中心教義である。
- Including Oso-eko (Virtue as instructed by Amida for going to the Pure Land), the alternative of the two types, both Eko together are called 'O-Kan Ni-eko' forming the primary doctrine of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 百万遍念仏と極楽往生を結びつけた最初の人物は唐の迦才であると言われている(『浄土論』)。
- The first person who related Hyakumanben Nenbutsu and gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) is said to be Kasai of Tang (according to 'Jodo-ron' (the Pure Land Treatise written by Kasai)).
- 1592年(文禄元年)には豊臣秀吉の寺地替えにより土御門(寺町通り荒神口上ル)に移された。
- In 1592, it was moved to Tsuchimikado (Teramachi-dori Kojinguchi Agaru) as instructed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, in order to change the land of the temples.
- 偈文(「讃仏偈」)を作り師を讃嘆し、諸々の仏の国土の成り立ちを見せて欲しいと願いを述べた。
- He prepared Buddhist gaatha (verses) and made venerations and, expressed a desire to behold the building up of Buddhism in various countries.
- 親鸞は、「信心が浄土に生まれる正しい因であり、称名はその阿弥陀仏の恩に報いるため」とする。
- Shinran explained, 'Faith is the proper cause of the birth in the Pure Land, and one invokes Amida's name in order to repay the benevolence of Amida Buddha.'
- インドでは諸神を招く時、土壇上に円形または方形の魔方陣、マンダラを色砂で描いて秘術を行う。
- When inviting deities, people in ancient India painted round or square magic squares and mandala with colored sand on a dirt mound, and exercised secret arts.
- 浄土真宗本願寺派(お西)の女性門徒:女性も、本連の念珠を用いない事を勧められる場合が多い。
- Female believers of the Hongan-ji School of the Jodo Shinshu Sect (O-nishi (Nishi Hongan-ji Temple)): Female believers are often recommended not to use Honren Nenju.
- 江戸増上寺の周仰、下総国飯沼弘経寺の祖洞に師事して浄土教学を学び、江戸に天智庵を開創した。
- He studied the Jodo Sect under Shugyo of Zojo-ji Temple in Edo and Soto (祖洞) of Iinuma Gugyo-ji Temple in Shimosa Province, and later founded Tenji-an Temple in Edo.
- 1414年(応永21年)に京都相国寺の塔頭鹿苑院の塔主となったが、その後土佐国に隠遁した。
- In 1414, he became the tassu (a priest who takes care of a tacchu, sub-temple founded to commemorate the death of a high priest) for the Rokuon-in Temple, the tacchu (a minor temple) of the Shokoku-ji Temple in Kyoto, and he retired in Tosa Province.
- 仏教が伝来する以前、倭には土着の宗教(信仰)として原始神道(古神道)が存在したと思われる。
- It seems that before Buddhism was introduced to Wa, there existed primitive Shinto (the Ancient Shinto) as a local religion (faith).
- 東京都台東区では台東区主催により、4月の第三土曜日に隅田川河畔の特設馬場で行なわれている。
- Yabusame is performed on the third Saturday of April at a specially constructed riding course which is near the Sumida-gawa River under the auspices of Taito Ward, Tokyo.
- 浄土三部経の経文を引用し、それに対する善導の解釈を引き、さらに法然自身の考えを述べている。
- It includes sutras quoted from the Jodo Sanbu-kyo, their explanation by Shandao, and Honen's opinion on them.
- 近年、核家族化や若者の都市部への流出により、浄土真宗の教えについて伝承できなくなりつつある。
- In recent years, it is increasingly becoming difficult to pass down the teachings of Jodo Shinshu Sect due to the trend towards the nuclear family and the ever-increasing flow of young people to urban areas.
- 48歳のとき玄中寺の曇鸞の碑文を見て感じ、自力修行の道を捨て、浄土教に帰依し同寺に滞在する。
- When, at age 48, he saw Donran's inscription at Genchu-ji Temple and realized, then abandoned self-training, became a believer of the Jodo sect and stayed at the temple.
- しかしながら浄土真宗では、霊が宿るなど位牌に特別な意味がないので、そのような儀式は行わない。
- Such a ritual, however, is not held in Jodo Shinshu Sect because it does not place particular significance, such as the idea that a soul resides in it, on ihai.
- 浄土系仏教の教えのひとつであるが、宗派を超越した包括的な思想であるために民間信仰とも言える。
- It is one of the Jodo Buddhist teachings, but it is a comprehensive belief that transcends sects and could be considered as a folk religion.
- これに対してそれ以外の9つの浄土真宗系宗派はいずれも「真宗○○派」といった呼称を用いている。
- In contrast, the other nine schools of the Jodo Shinshu sect continue to use the name 'XXX school of the Shinshu.'
- このような郷土色の濃い野菜には、大阪のなにわ野菜、奈良の大和野菜、石川の加賀野菜などがある。
- Vegetable varieties locally produced are not limited to Kyo-yasai but include Naniwa-yasai, Yamato-yasai, and Kaga-yasai, which are cultivated in Osaka, Nara, and Ishikawa.
- 空華学派の学説との根本的な差異は、浄土真宗の重要な教義のひとつである「信」についてみられる。
- Fundamental differences with the theories of Kuge school concern the 'faith,' which is one of the significant creeds of Jodo Shinshu.
- 特に十方檀那の助成を蒙り、絲綸の旨に任せ、土木の功を終へ、仏像を修補し、堂宇を営作せんと請う状
- I hereby request that all believers in Buddhism provide support for our civil engineering project aimed at repairing the Buddhist statue and rebuilding Todai-ji Temple, in accordance with the Emperor's order.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 歡喜踊躍 修菩薩行 具足德本 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not rejoice so greatly as to dance and perform the Bodhisattva practices and should not acquire stores of merit, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- ここで、本願とは仏自身が立てた「願」であって、その願力によって衆生は浄土へ往生することができる
- Because of the power of Hongan made by Amida Buddha himself, mankind is able to be born in the Pure Land.
- 安国寺 恵瓊(あんこくじ えけい)は、戦国時代 (日本)から安土桃山時代にかけての禅僧・大名。
- Ekei, of Ankoku-ji Temple, was a Zen priest and a Japanese feudal lord from the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan) to the Azuchi Momoyama period.
- 元来は「門徒もの知らず、法華骨なし、禅宗銭なし、浄土情なし」という各宗派を揶揄する地口の一句。
- Originally it was a part of the pun that made fun of various sects saying 'Believers of Jodo Shinshu Sect don't know about the manners of Buddhism, those of Hokke Sect have no backbone, those of Zen Sect have no money and those of Jodo Sect have no mercy.'
- この様に具体的な実例をもって往生を説く方法は、庶民への浄土教普及にとっても非常に有効であった。
- Using specific actual examples to teach death was extremely effective in spreading the Jodo sect.
- これに対して既存の大乗仏教からは批判がなされたが、浄土教は念仏結社をつくるなど実践で対処した。
- The believers of conventional Mahayana Buddhism criticized these teachings, but the Jodo Sect rallied by forming Nenbutsu Kessha (groups for invocation of Buddha's name).
- 厭離穢土 (おんりえど、えんりえど)とは、浄土教の用語で、欣求浄土と対句で使われることが多い。
- 'Onriedo (also called Enriedo),' a term associated with the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, is often used to express an antithesis with Gongujodo (seeking rebirth in the Pure).
- 浄土真宗の第8世蓮如の6男として、蓮祐を母として産まれ、幼名を光徳といい、諱を兼誉と呼ばれる。
- He was the sixth son of the eighth Rennyo of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and Renyu, mother, and had the childhood name of Kotoku and the real personal name of Kanetaka.
- この宗論は日蓮宗が他宗と対立することを抑えようとして、浄土宗に有利な裁定を下したとされている。
- It is said that in this debate he handed down a judgment favorable to the Jodo sect because he was tired of the aimed Nichiren sect's conflicts with other sects.
- 比叡山黒谷の叡空に円頓菩薩戒を受け、その後兄弟子にあたる日本浄土宗の祖法然に浄土教学を学んだ。
- He received Endon bosatsukai (the bodhisattva precepts of the sudden and perfect teaching) from Eiku of Kurodani in Mt. Hiei, and later he learned about the Jodo sect under Honen, who was the founder of that sect in Japan; additionally, he served as his anideshi (senior apprentice).
- その後延暦寺東塔西谷の功徳院に住して、天台教学を講義し、日本浄土宗の祖法然もその教えを受けた。
- After that, he lived in Toto (eastern section) Nishidani of Enryaku-ji Temple and taught Tendai doctrine; Honen, the founder of the Nihon Jodo sect (Japanese Pure Land sect), studied there, too.
- 口伝鈔(くでんしょう)とは、浄土真宗本願寺第3代覚如の著作で1331年(元弘元年)に記された。
- 'Kudensho' is a book written in 1331 by Kakunyo, who was the third chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
- 拾は京都で修行を積み、湘南宗化和尚となり、同時に養父母から土佐国の吸江寺を与えられて住職となる。
- Hiroi practiced asceticism in Kyoto to become Soke SHONAN Osho, and at the same time became a chief priest of Gyuko-ji Temple in Tosa Province given by his parents-in-law.
- 浄土宗の法然が、7世紀の新羅の華厳宗の学者である元暁(がんぎょう)の『遊心安楽道』を引いている。
- Honen, the originator of Jodoshu, referred to 'Yushin Anrakudo (Way of Securing Relaxation and Peace'), which was written in the seventh century by Gangyo, a scholar of Kagen-shu, in Silla.
- なお、この金沢法難については郷土史家の向敏子の著による『金沢法難を尋ねて』に詳しく書かれている。
- There is a detailed description about Kanazawa Persecution in 'Search for religious persecution of Kanazawa' written by the historical writer, Toshiko MUKAI.
- 重源自らも中国で建築・土木技術を習得したといわれ、中国の技術者陳和卿の協力を得て職人を指導した。
- It is said that Chogen himself also studied architecture and civil engineering in China, and he guided the construction workers with the cooperation of Chinese engineer CHEN Heqing.
- 嘉禄3年(1227年)の嘉禄の法難に際して法然高弟の信空 (浄土宗)とともに流罪を免がれている。
- In the Karoku Persecution in 1227, he was exempted from exile along with Shinku (Jodo sect) who was also the leading disciple of Honen.
- 浄土曼荼羅とは、「観無量寿経」などの経典に説く阿弥陀浄土のイメージを具体的に表現したものである。
- Jodo Mandala is the one that concretely expresses the image of Amida jodo which is advocated in 'Kanmuryo Jukyo Sutra' (The Sutra of Visualization of the Buddha of Measureless Life) and other scriptures.
- 浄土真宗における礼拝の対象は、阿弥陀仏のみという教義の為、法名軸・過去帳を礼拝の対象とはしない。
- As the target of worship in Jodo Shinshu Sect is only Amida Buddha based on its doctrine, Homyo-jiku and Kakocho are not the target of worship.
- 尾張国名古屋の味噌商の家に生まれたが、浄土宗の僧となって江戸増上寺に住み、桜井雪館に画を学んだ。
- He was born in a merchant family manufacturing miso (bean paste) in Nagoya of Owari Province, but after he became a priest of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect, he resided at Zojo-ji Temple in Edo and studied painting under Sekkan SAKURAI.
- そして、戦後になって西本願寺を長とする真宗本願寺派は浄土真宗本願寺派と正式に名乗るようになった。
- After WWII, the Hongan-ji school of the Shinshu sect, whose head temple is Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, began to use 'the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect' as its formal name.
- 十王の審判に限らないが、浄土真宗では、信者はみな極楽浄土に往生するため、この種の追善供養はない。
- The believers of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) do not believe in the Juo's trials but believe that all the believers will go to Gokuraku Jodo (the Pure Land [of Amida Buddha]) after their deaths, so they do not have the memorial services mentioned above.
- なお、建造物とともに土地が重要文化財に指定されているケースは民家のほか、社寺や近代建築にもある。
- Regarding land and building designated as important cultural properties, besides this private house there are also cases such as temples or shrines, as well as some modern structures.
- 1982年(昭和57年)4月15日付けで縄文時代の深鉢形土器1件が重要文化財の指定を解除された。
- On April 15, 1982, a deep-pot type of pottery of the Jomon period had its designation as an important cultural property canceled.
- 芸妓が存在する土地には旦那様の存在があり、いわゆるパトロンやスポンサーといったような人物である。
- Where there was a geigi, there was a danna-sama who played a role of danna-sama or sponsor.
- 原型の土が十分乾燥してから、今度は中型全体を覆うような形で「外型」(雌型)をやはり粘土でつくる。
- After the original clay mold was dried enough, an 'outside mold' (also known as megata in Japanese), which covered the whole original mold, was to be made of clay as well.
- 本願寺聖人伝絵(ほんがんじしょうにんでんね)とは、浄土真宗の宗祖親鸞の生涯を絵詞で記した仏教書。
- Honganji Shonin Denne is a Buddhist scroll which illustrates the life of Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) with narration.
- 後に空也の影響を受けて浄土教へ傾倒し、民衆教化のための和讃としてはじめての阿弥陀和讃をつくった。
- Later on he was influenced by Kuya and devoted himself to the Jodo (Pure Land) sect and prepared the 'Praise of Amida' as the first Wasan (Japanese hymn) to educate the masses.
- この寺は浄土宗の僧良鎮が創建した往生院に平清盛の寵愛を受けた白拍子祇王・仏御前が入寺した寺という。
- The temple originated from Ojo-in Temple, which was founded by the Jodo sect priest Ryochin, where Hotoke-gozen, Gio, a dancing girl, who won TAIRA no Kiyomori's favor, entered as a priestess.
- その浄土寺の跡を引き継ぐにあたり享保年間(1716年~1736年)に建てられたのがこの寺とされる。
- In the wake of the abolished Jodo-ji Temple, the current Jodo-in Temple was built during the period from 1716 to 1736.
- 浄土教諸宗において「無量寿経」といえば、特に注意書が無い場合は、康僧鎧訳の『仏説無量寿経』を指す。
- In the Jodo sect group, 'Muryojukyo' refers to 'Bussetsu Muryojukyo,' as translated by Sogi Kosogai, if there is no advisory.
- 『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈註』…一般には、略して『浄土論註』、『往生論註』と呼び、『論註』とも呼ぶ。
- 'Muryoju-kyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge-chu' (Commentary on Upadeśa on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life) is usually abbreviated to 'Jodo ron chu' (Commentary on Treatise on the Pure Land), or 'Ojo ron chu' (往生論注), or more simply, 'Ron chu' (論註).
- 三門は空門・無相門・無願門の三境地を経て仏国土に至る門、三解脱門(さんげだつもん)を表すとされる。
- Sanmon is assumed to represent Sangedatsumon (Three Gates of Liberation), which consists of three gates symbolizing three mental states, that is, kumon (gate symbolizing emptiness), musomon (gate symbolizing formlessness) and muganmon (gate symbolizing desirelessness), to pass through before reaching the Buddhist paradise.
- 死後に極楽往生するには、一心に仏を想い念仏の行をあげる以外に方法はないと説き、浄土教の基礎を創る。
- He laid the foundation of the Jodo Sect by preaching that there is no other way but praying to Amitabha wholeheartedly to be granted the gokuraku ojo posthumously.
- (従って、他宗にとっては、浄土真宗は霊の宿る白木位牌をそのまま炊き上げてしまう、と映ることになる。
- (Therefore, other sects have an impression that Jodo Shinshu Sect burns plain wood ihai in which a soul resides.)
- 正しい信心を持つことで、いかなる者でも浄土往生が約束される正定聚の地位に着くことができると説いた。
- He taught that with proper religious belief, it is possible for any person so reach the position of those guaranteed to Jodo Ojo while still in this world.
- この時代の文人で、中級貴族でもあった慶滋保胤は念仏結社「勧学会」を興し、浄土教信仰の実践に入った。
- YOSHISHIGE no Yasutane, a literati of that time who was also a middle class aristocrat, started the Nenbutsu kessha 'Kangakukai' and started to practice Jodo Sect religion.
- 以後、浄土真宗はあくまでも「一向宗」の呼称を拒否して門徒宗(もんとしゅう)などの言い換えを行った。
- Thereafter, the Jodo Shinshu sect consistently rejected the name 'Ikkoshu,' replacing it with 'Montoshu' and other names.
- 法華側答う 左様ならば、何ゆえ浄土門は法華の弥陀を「捨閉閣抛(しゃへいかくほう)」として捨てるや。
- The Hokkeshu sect asks: If it is true, why does the Jodoshu sect deny Amitabha that the Hokkeshu sect worships by the word 'abandon it'--'Shaheikakuho.'
- なかでも浄土を観想する「観察門」が中心で、17種の国土荘厳・8種の仏荘厳・4種の菩薩荘厳よりなる。
- In particular, the Muryoju-kyo Ubataisha Ganshoge focuses on the 'kanzatsumon' which is to contemplate the pure land consisting of 17 kinds of kokudo shogon (the adornment of land), eight kinds of hotoke shogon (仏荘厳) (the adornment of the Buddhas) and four kinds of bosatsu shogon (the adornment of Bodhisattvas).
- 京菓子のひとつであり、岐阜県岐阜市、熊本県菊池市、山口県萩市などでは土産菓子としても売られている。
- It is one of the Kyoto Confectioneries, and is also sold as souvenir sweets in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, and Kikuchi City, Kumamoto Prefecture, and Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, among other places.
- かぶせる土はきめの荒いものから塗り始め、だんだん外側へ行くにしたがって粒子の細かい土を塗っていく。
- It was coated with rough soil then gradually minute one on the outer side.
- 多く、浄土教系寺院において行われるが、葬儀の際や村の行事など、多くの民俗行事と密接に関係している。
- The nenbutsu-ko, held mostly in temples of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect and its derivative, is closely related to many local events (funerals and other village events).
- しかしこの件に関しては、他にも浄土真宗の開祖である親鸞が息子の善鸞を破門したことも例に挙げている。
- Regarding this, he also gave another example that Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), excommunicated his son Zenran.
- 浄土真宗本願寺派の紅楳英顕が論文「現代における異義の研究 ─高森親鸞会の主張とその問題点」を発表。
- Eiken KOBAI of the Honganji school of the Jodo Shinshu Sect published his article titled 'Research on different doctrines in modern times - arguments and problems of TAKAMORI Shinrankai.'
- 婚姻や丁稚奉公などで土地を離れる際には寺請証文を起こし、移転先で新たな改帳へ記載することとされた。
- When leaving the domicile in the case of marriage, apprenticeship, etc., a person was required to have terauke shomon (certificate of the family Buddhist temple) and to be registered in new Shumon Ninbetsu Aratame Cho in new address.
- 天暦10年(956年)、15歳で『称讃浄土経』を講じ、村上天皇により法華八講の講師の一人に選ばれる。
- In 956 when he was fifteen years old, he lectured 'Shosan Jodokyo' (a Buddhist sutra) and was selected as one of the lecturers of Hokke hakko (ceremonial series of eight lectures on the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sutra) by the Emperor Murakami.
- 最も浄土として特色のあるのは、この世界とは別に、仏によって建立せられた浄土があるという考え方である。
- The predominant feature of Jodo is the concept that besides the existence of Jodo in this world, Jodo was built by Buddha.
- この考え方に立つのが、釈迦の霊山(りょうぜん)浄土、毘盧舎那仏(びるしゃなぶつ)の蓮華蔵世界である。
- This concept was taken by the Ryozen Jodo of Shaka (Shkyamuni) and the Lotus Matrix World of Birushana-butsu (Vairocana).
- 中世以降、弁才天信仰は神道と日本土着の水神である市杵島姫命(もしくは宗像三女神)や宇賀神(出自不明。
- In the middle ages, worship of Benzaiten syncretized with the Shinto and indigenous Japanese water god Ichikishimahime no Mikoto (or the Munataka Sanjojin (three goddess enshrined at Munakata-jinja Shrine) and Ugajin (unknown descent.
- 他宗においては掛軸より仏像が良いとされるが、浄土真宗では仏像よりも掛軸(絵像・名号)が良いとされる。
- While a Buddhist statue, rather than a hanging scroll, is recommended in other sects, a hanging scroll (a painting image or Myogo (name of Buddha)), rather than a Buddhist statue, is recommended in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 1175年 に 善導(中国浄土教)の観無量寿経疏により回心して「専修念仏」に進み、浄土宗を開宗した。
- In 1175, he converted and followed 'Senju Nenbutsu' (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) after studying Kanmuryoju-kyosho (Commentary on the Meditation Sutra) by Zendo (Chinese Jodo Sect) and established the Jodo Sect.
- この宗論は一般的に信長の策略により、浄土宗側の意味不明なその言葉・発言に嵌められたと解釈されている。
- It is generally considered that Nobunaga trapped the Hokkeshu sect into losing the debate by using the unclear wording of the Jodoshu sect.
- また浄土真宗では信心のみを重視し、信じるだけで往生は約束される、念仏は仏恩報謝の行である、と説いた。
- In addition, the Jodo-shin sect emphasized only faith and taught that if a person believed it, his Ojo would be promised and that nenbutsu was the practice of the gratitude for butsuon (the graces of Buddha).
- 浄土側問う 念仏の義あらば、何ゆえ法華は念仏無間(日蓮が説いた四箇格言の一つ)地獄に落ちると説くや。
- The Jodoshu sect asks: Although the Hokkeshu sect teaches 'Nenbutsu,' why does it preach against 'Nenbutsu' by saying that reciting of 'Nenbutsu' makes people fall into the Hell of No Respite 'Nenbutsu Muken?'--'Nenbutsu Muken' is one of the four dictums the founder Nichiren stated to denounce other sects.
- そしてこの噂が広まり、京都・安土内外の僧俗が安土に集まると騒ぎは大きくなり、信長も伝え聞く事になる。
- This rumor spread widely and monks and seculars gathered from inside and outside of Kyoto and Azuchi and made an uproar, which eventually became known to Nobunaga.
- 信長の命により、浄土宗の僧貞安・霊誉らと、日蓮僧日珖・日諦・日雄(後に日淵と改名)らの間で行われた。
- Under the command of Nobunaga, the debate took place between the Jodoshu sect monks Teian (also known as Joan), Reiyo, and others, and the Nichirenshu sect monks Nichiko, Nittai, and Nichiyu (later renamed Nichien).
- しかし日本においては、浄土宗の開祖法然は、「偏依善導」(偏に善導に依る)と師事し、この書を重用した。
- However, in Japan, it was highly regarded by Honen, who was the founder of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, and was supported because 'he relied solely on Shandao.'
- ことに浄土真宗の檀徒・信者を「門徒」と呼ぶことが一般的であり、他宗派の檀徒を門徒と呼ぶことは少ない。
- Especially in Jodo Shinshu, it is general to call danto and believers 'monto,' but it's rare that one would refer to the danto of other Buddhist sects by that name.
- 阿弥陀仏の極楽浄土に往生したものは、浄土の仏・菩薩たちと一処で出会うことができる、という意味である。
- The term means that those who pass into Amida Buddha's Pure Land can meet Buddha and many Bosatsus in the same place.
- 平安中期になると、天台宗の源信らにより死後の阿弥陀如来による救いを説く、浄土教が大きな力を持ってくる。
- In the mid-Heian period, the Jodo (Pure Land) sect became stronger, with Genshin of the Tendai sect preaching salvation after death at the hands of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata).
- 経典は紙に写経された紙本経である場合が多いが、粘土板や銅版、礫石、瓦、貝殻などが用いられることもある。
- Scriptures were mostly copied onto paper, but occasionally onto clay tablets, copper plates, small stones, root tiles, or shells.
- 極楽(ごくらく、サンスクリット語:sukhaavatii)とは、阿弥陀如来の浄土に名づけるものである。
- Gokuraku' and 'sukhaavatii' are Sanskrit words used to refer to the Jodo (Pure Land) that Amida Nyorai established.
- 古来より中国・日本において、浄土思想に言及する註釈書は非常に多いが、この三経典を中心に撰述されている。
- Many commentaries on the Pure Land philosophy that have been written in China and Japan since the ancient times have mainly been compiled according to these three sutras.
- なお、現在でも浄土真宗において、仏壇の本尊は掛軸であり、菩提寺を通して本山から取り寄せたものとされる。
- Even now in the Jodo Shinshu Sect, it is observed that honzon (principal Buddhist image) of a butsudan should be a hanging scroll acquired from its head temple through each family's ancestral temple.
- 秘仏を有する寺院は真言宗系、天台宗系に比較的多く、浄土教系、禅宗には比較的少ないことが指摘されている。
- It is said that the temples of the Shingon and Tendai Sects have relatively more hibutsu than those of Jodo (Pure Land) Sect and the Zen Sect.
- 仏が存在する世界が即ち浄土だと位置付ける事が可能で、六道の内のいずれか一つに限定されている訳ではない。
- The pure land can be defined as the world where Buddha resides and is not limited to one of the Rokudo.
- 阿弥陀聖(あみだひじり)、市聖(いちのひじり)、市上人と称され、民間における浄土教の祖とも評価される。
- He is called Amida-hijiri, Ichi-no-hijiri and Ichi-no-shonin, and is recognized as the founder of pure-land teachings (Jodo-kyo) among the people.
- 特に浄土真宗本願寺派や真宗大谷派などでは、門主(門首、法主)の座が親鸞の子孫に受け継がれることを指す。
- In the Hongan-ji School and Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu, the word particularly refers to the hand-over of the position of the chief of the school to a descendant of Shinran.
- 浄土真宗における「永代経」は、故人の祥月命日や、春・秋の彼岸会に行われる先祖に対する報恩の読経である。
- Eitai-kyo' in Jodo Shinshu Sect is sutra reciting which is conducted on shotsuki-meinichi (the anniversaries of one's death after the first anniversary) and at Higan-e in spring and autumn and its purpose is to thank the ancestors.
- しかしながら、浄土真宗においては、香盒から香をつまみ、そのまま香爐にくべるという動作を1回か2回行う。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, however, attendants pick up incense from an incense container, put it into an incense burner at once and conduct such actions once or twice.
- 藤原忠実・藤原頼長・藤原宗忠などの帰依を受け、晩年は浄土教に傾倒し、山城国光明寺 (綾部市)に移った。
- He accepted the conversion of FUJIWARA no Tadazane, FUJIWARA no Yorinaga, FUJIWARA no Munetada and in his later years he was inclined towards Jodo (Pure Land) sect and transferred to Komyo-ji Temple in Yamashiro Province (Ayabe City).
- 衆生が浄土に往生する因も果も如来の本願、つまり他力によることを明らかにし、のちの浄土教の基礎となった。
- It clarifies that the cause and effect of death of all living things are caused by the Original Vow of Tathagata (Buddha), that is, Other Power, and later formed the basis of the Pure Land sect.
- 大相撲 - 土俵上にある4つの色分けされた房は元来方屋の屋根を支えた4柱の名残であり四神を表している。
- Grand Sumo - The four tassels with different colors above the sumo ring were relics of four pillars that originally held up the roof of Kataya, indicating the Four Gods.
- 元亨4年(1324年)、了源の求めにより『浄土真要鈔』、『諸神本懐集』、『持名鈔』を著わし、付与する。
- In 1324, at Ryogen's request, he wrote 'Jodo shin yosho' (Notes on the True Essentials of Pure Land), 'Shojin hongaishu' (Collection on the Original Intent of the [Shinto] Kami), 'Jimyosho' (Notes on Holding Fast to the Name), and gave them to him.
- 往相回向(おうそうえこう)とは、浄土真宗の重要な教義で、還相回向(げんそうえこう)に対する言葉である。
- Oso-eko (Amida's instructions on virtue for entering the Pure Land) is one of Jodo Shinshu's (the True Pure Land Buddhist Sect) important doctrines and corresponding term to Genso-Eko (Amida's instructions on virtue for returning to this world).
- 六方の諸仏は、悦ばしき哉、我が証誠(しょうじょう)を信じて、不退の浄土に生ると悦び給(たも)うらんと。
- The saints should be happy to see my belief and should be happy that I shall be reborn in the pure land.
- 浄土真宗は「肉食妻帯」を肯定する在家仏教を唱導しているが、その中には法の道が枉(ま)げずに貫かれいる。
- Jodo Shinshu advocates Zaike Bukkyo that agrees with 'meat and matrimony (Buddhism),' in which the road to Buddhism is strictly pursued.
- 中国(宋)の寺院では、土地堂(つちどう/どじどう)に道教神を祀ったが、それが日本に伝えられたものである。
- In temples in China (Sung), the Taoism deities were enshrined in Dojido (hall of the guardian deity), and it was conveyed to Japan.
- 勿論、このように浄土門の人々は極楽を事相の浄土を立てるといっても、それ自身は無相法性の理に即するとする。
- Of course, even though people of Jodo-mon say that Gokuraku is Jodo of Jiso, they say it still matches the Buddhist thought of muso (without any shape).
- 心木に藁縄などを巻きつけ、粒子の荒い荒土から、細かい仕上げ土へと順次盛り上げ、箆(へら)や指で造型する。
- The producing process employed winding straw ropes around wooden mandrel, heaping up coarse-grained barren soil followed by fine-particle finishing soil and molding by a pallet or the fingers.
- 外陣の壁画12面のうち、1号、6号、9号、10号の4面の大壁には三尊仏を中心にした浄土図が表されている。
- Among the 12 murals of the gejin, four Taiheki walls, such as murals No. 1, No. 6, No. 9, and No. 10, have the Illustration of the Pure Land with Sansonbutsu (three Buddhist deities) in the center.
- 土佐藩(現、高知県)では江戸初期に家老の野中兼山によって葬儀のための積立金を集約する組織として機能した。
- In the early Edo period of the Tosa domain (the present-day Kochi Prefecture), nenbutsu-ko functioned under the chief retainer Kenzan NONAKA as an organization to collect reserve funds for funerals.
- たとえば、浄土宗や臨済宗などの鎌倉新仏教が新しく成立した時に、奈良や平安などの既存仏教から論難排撃された。
- For example, one must consider the fact that the new Buddhist sects that came into existence during the Kamakura period, such as the Pure Land sect and Rinzai sect, were severely criticized by the existing Buddhist schools, including those of Nara and Heian Buddhism.
- 南九州の旧薩摩藩や旧人吉藩では、三百年にわたり浄土真宗が弾圧されたため、これらの信仰形態の名残が見られる。
- The Jodo Shinshu Sect was suppressed in the former Satsuma and Hitoyoshi domains of southern Kyushu for over 300 years, but remnants of these religious practices can still be observed.
- 正式には旧暦8月15日 (旧暦)であるが、現在は体育の日を最終日とする3日間(土曜日~月曜日)に催される。
- Formally held on August 15 of the old calendar but is now held over three days ending with Health and Sports Day (from Saturday to Monday).
- 現在浄土宗とは別の宗派であると主張する親鸞の門徒が「浄土真宗」を採用するのは不当であると主張したのである。
- Therefore, the Jodoshu sect claimed that the believers of Shinran, who at the time stated that their teachings were different from the Jodoshu sect, were wrong to adopt 'Jodo Shinshu' as their name.
- 論拠は、唯円の名が作中に出ていることや、本文の流れからして東国門徒(関東の浄土真宗信者)であることによる。
- They based on the facts the name of Yuien appeared in the book, and the writer could be guessed to have been Togoku-monto (believer of the Jodo-shin sect in Kanto region) judging from the context.
- 地域における人々の生活または生業、および当該地域の風土により形成された景観地は文化的景観と定義されている。
- A cultural landscape is defined as being the local life and livelihood of a region, as well as the scenes formed by the customs of that region that reflect the local people's lives and livelihoods.
- なお池や庭園がやや整形的になっているのが多いのは、浄土曼荼羅の構図がもとになっているためと推測されている。
- The reason ponds and gardens were made in a fixed form is because their designs were based on the compositions of Jodo mandala.
- さらに『柳営秘鑑』によれば、「風此江戸城、天下の城の格に叶ひ、其土地は四神相応に相叶ゑり」と記されている。
- Moreover, 'Ryueihikan' mentions that 'Winds of the Edo Castle merit the position of the world's castle, and its land coincides with Shijin-so-o topography'.
- これらはその土地の気候・風土によって様々な形態があるが、調理用の常設の炉が世界各地に古くから存在している。
- Although the shape varies depending on the climate and natural weather of the region, permanent fireplaces for cooking have been in existence all over the world for a long time.
- 仏身を観念する「観想念仏」を行とする宗旨では、仏像などを重んじるが、浄土真宗では仏身を観念することはない。
- In Buddhist sects that practice the conception of Buddha, or 'Kanso Nenbutsu,' Buddhist statues are considered important, but in Jodo Shinshu the conception of Buddha isn't practiced.
- 春屋宗園(しゅんおくそうえん、1529年~1611年)は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初期にかけての臨済宗の僧。
- Shunoku Soen (1529 - 1611) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect who lived from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the beginning of the Edo period.
- (同じ京都市東山区内に、浄土真宗本願寺派(西本願寺)が宗祖親鸞の墓所としている大谷本廟(西大谷)があるため)
- (This is because there is also the Otani Honbyo Mausoleum (Nishi Otani) which the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) Hongan-ji school (Nishi Hongan-ji Temple) considers as the grave of Shinran, the founder of its sect, in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City.)
- その代わり、土地を捨てて集団で逃げる「逃散(ちょうさん)」あるいは「欠落(かけおち)」ということが行われた。
- Instead, they abandoned the land and escaped in groups as 'Chosan' or 'Kakeochi' (escape and disappear).
- 中国語訳のうち日本の浄土教諸宗において主に用いられるのは、康僧鎧が訳したとされる『仏説無量寿経』2巻である。
- Of the Chinese translations, the Jodo sect group mainly uses 'Bussetsu Muryojukyo, Vol. 2,' which is said to have been translated by Sogi Kosogai.
- 浄土は死後に行き着くと言う点では六道と共通するものの、六道輪廻の思想で説かれる世界観とは基本的に別物である。
- The pure land is common with Rokudo in the sense of a place where the dead are destined to go, but it is a completely different notion from the world-view under the philosophy of Rokudo-rinne.
- 女性用は八寸浄土(六万繰)と呼ばれ、片方の輪が主珠40珠、もう片方は、主珠27珠・副珠28珠からできている。
- Juzu for females is called Hassun jodo (literally, 24 cm of pure land, or Rokuman-guri (sixty thousands of telling)) of which one ring is composed of 40 beads of Omodama and the other is composed of 27 beads of Omodama and 28 beads of Fukudama.
- 他宗の解釈では、いわゆる験を担ぎ一般には友引には葬儀を行わないが、浄土真宗の考えでは葬儀を問題なく行いうる。
- While funerals are not held on the day of tomobiki under other sects' interpretation because of anxiety for pulling friends, there is no problem to hold funerals on the day of tomobiki in Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 日珖(にちこう、天文 (元号)元年(1532年) - 慶長3年(1598年))は、安土桃山時代の日蓮宗の僧。
- Nichiko (1532 - 1598) was a monk of Nichiren Sect in the Azuchi-momoyama period.
- その後日本浄土宗の祖法然の門にくだり、1204年(元久元年)3月には法然から「選択本願念仏集」を授けられた。
- After that, he became a pupil of Honen, the founder of Japan's Pure Land sect, and was given 'Senchaku Hongan Nenbutsu Shu' by Honen in March, 1204.
- その後に一宿を経て蓮華が開敷し、7日後に無上道を退かず、諸仏の国土へ赴き、1小劫を経て無生法忍を得るという。
- After staying one night, lotus flowers are in full bloom filling up the floor, and in seven days, they reach enlightenment, visit the land of each Amida or Bosatsu, and then after a long time, they gain mushobonin.
- このように、起源を上古に求めることができ、「柱の下に土台を持つもの」は神社建築の中でも古い形式と考えられる。
- As we have seen, the origin of these styles go back to ancient times, and the structure having sills under the posts are considered to be one of the oldest shrine architectural forms.
- この頃から浄土教に帰依して一万遍の念仏を日課とし、1062年(康平5年)山城国光明寺 (綾部市)に隠棲した。
- At that time, he devoted himself to Jodo (Pure Land) sect, made Ichimanben Nenbutsu (ten thousand practices of the Buddhist invocation) the daily routine, and retired to Komyo-ji Temple (Ayabe City) in Yamashiro Province in 1062.
- 蓮如(1415年-1499年)が書き記した浄土真宗の『御文章』では、信じれば無間地獄に沈むと警告されている。
- 'Gobunsho' (a collection of letters written by Jodo Shinshu high priest Rennyo [1415-1499] to his pupils) says the believers of kakushi nenbutsu would go to 'mugen jigoku' (the Avici hell, which is believed to be the most painful of the eight hells).
- 賦算(ふさん)とは浄土系仏教の一派時宗において「南無阿弥陀仏、決定往生六十万人」と記した札を配ることである。
- Fusan is the distribution of ofuda (paper charms) on which the words '南無阿弥陀仏、決定往生六十万人' are written, practiced in the Ji sect, a Pure Land sect of Buddhism.
- 往生とは極楽往生、浄土往生といわれるように、人間が死んで仏の国に生まれるから、一般的に死後の往生の意味である。
- Because when people die they are immediately reborn in the land of Buddha, ojo, as in 'gokuraku ojo' (go to paradise) and 'jodo ojo' (go to the Pure Land) generally means birth after death.
- しかし浄土真宗の教義としては、数多くの寺に詣でる事が大切では無いとの考えを持つ為、朱印をしない事になっている。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, however, placing goshuin is not recommended because its teachings don't place importance on visiting many temples.
- 仏壇のもととなった寺院の本堂は浄土を表したものあり、内陣も故人の写真を飾っておらず、仏壇もそれに倣い飾らない。
- The main hall of a temple, which was the origin of butsudan, represents Jodo (the Buddhist pure land) and, therefore, no picture of the dead is decorated inside its sanctum, and accordingly no picture is put into butsudan.
- また、この書物で説かれた厭離穢土、欣求浄土の精神は貴族・庶民らにも普及し、後の文学思想にも大きな影響を与えた。
- The spirits of onri-edo (abhorring this impure world) and gongu-jodo (seeking rebirth in the Pure Land) preached in this book also spread among the nobility and common people, having a big influence on literary thought later.
- 男性用は、三万浄土(三万繰)と呼ばれ、片方の輪の主珠が27珠、もう片方は、主珠20珠に副珠21珠が交互に入る。
- Juzu for males is called Sanman jodo (literally, thirty thousands of pure land, or Sanman-guri (thirty thousands of telling)) of which one ring is composed of 27 beads of Omodama and the other is composed of 20 beads of Omodama and 21 beads of Fukudama which are allocated alternately.
- 然空(ねんくう、生年不詳 - 永仁5年8月11日 (旧暦)(1297年8月30日))は、鎌倉時代の浄土宗の僧。
- Nenku (year of birth unknown - August 30, 1297) was a priest of the Jodo sect of the Kamakura period.
- 寛永寺の末寺である深大寺の寺領は土地が痩せ稲作に向かなかったため、小作人はかわりに蕎麦を栽培し寺に納めていた。
- As the land owned by Jindai-ji Temple, a branch temple of Kanei-ji Temple, was not suitable for rice farming because it was so infertile, kosakunin (tenant farmers) used to cultivate buckwheat and deliver it to the temple.
- 長野県茅野市にある尖石遺跡では、皮を張って太鼓として使用されていたのではないかと推定される土器も出土している。
- From the remains of Togariishi in Chino City in Nagano Prefecture, earthenware mounted with skin, presumed to be used as a drum, has been excavated.
- その2年後に顕如が豊臣秀吉の斡旋で京都七条通に西本願寺を再興すると、その南隣に土地を与えられ興正寺を再建した。
- Two years later, when his father Kennyo restored Nishi Hongan-ji Temple at Shichijo-dori Street, Kyoto, through mediation of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Kenson was given land next to the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, where he reconstructed Kosho-ji Temple.
- この極楽という仏土は広々としていて、辺際のない世界であり、地下や地上や虚空の荘厳は微をきわめ、妙をきわめている。
- This Buddha-land called Gokuraku is a very broad world without borders, and the glory in the undergrounds, grounds and the air is extremely exquisite.
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 不即得至 第一第二第三法忍 於諸佛法 不能即得 不退轉者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not instantly gain the first, second and third insights into the nature of Dharmas and firmly abide in the truths realized by all the Buddhas, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- そして兆戴永劫にわたり修行し、願が成就し、無量寿仏(阿弥陀仏)と成り、その仏国土の名が「極楽」であると説かれる。
- He preached that he had performed ascetic practices for a very long time, completed his vows, became Buddha of Immeasurable Life (Amida Buddha); the name of the Buddha Land was 'the Pure Land.'
- ちなみに、親鸞は「南無」を「なも」と発音しているから、浄土真宗本願寺派では「なもあみだぶつ」と呼び習わしている。
- Additionally, because Shinran pronounced '南無' as 'Namo,' the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land) sect customarily calls it 'Namo amidabutsu.'
- 同時に三百数十ヶ寺に及ぶ真宗大谷派からの独立寺院を率いて「浄土真宗東本願寺派」を結成し、東京本願寺を本山とした。
- At the same time, he formed 'Jodo Shinshu sect Higashi Hongan-ji school,' containing more than 300 temples separated from Shinshu sect Otani school, choosing Tokyo Hongan-ji Temple as the head temple.
- 門弟は、高野聖など中世以降に広まった民間浄土教行者「念仏聖」の先駆となり、鎌倉時代の一遍にも大きな影響を与えた。
- His disciples became pioneers of 'Nenbutsu-hijiri,' such as Koya-hijiri, who as practitioners of Jodo-kyo caused it to become widespread among the people after the medieval times, and this had a great influence on Ippen during the Kamakura period.
- 初め比叡山に登り天台教学を修学したが、その後浄土宗の僧良忠に師事して浄土教学を修めて仁和寺西谷法光明院に住した。
- He entered Hieizan Mt. Hiei and initially learnt the doctrine of the Tendai sect; however, he learnt from a priest of the Jodo sect, Ryochu, and learnt the doctrine of the Jodo sect and resided at Nishitani-hokomyo-in temple on the premises of Ninna-ji Temple.
- 阿弥陀信仰(あみだしんこう)とは、阿弥陀如来を礼拝することで極楽往生できると説く、他力本願を根本とする浄土思想。
- Amida (Amitabha) worship is the religious belief based on the Pure Land of Buddhism which believes in justification by belief and preaches that praying to Amida Nyorai would lead you to heaven.
- 浄土側曰く 釈尊が四十余年の修行をもって以前の経を捨つるなら、汝は方座第四の「妙」の一字を捨てるか、捨てざるか。
- The Jodoshu sect says: If Shakyamuni trained forty-odd years and abandoned the sutra he learned before, do you abandon a letter 'Myo' of the fourth Hoza?
- この人は勇猛精進をもち、臨終に阿弥陀や諸菩薩の来迎を観じ、金剛台に載り浄土へ往生し、即座に無生法忍を悟るという。
- They have bravery and unwavering pursuit of his faith and Amida and Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) come to meet them at their death, then they are sent to the Pure Land lying on a hard rack and immediately realize mushobonin (recognition that nothing really arises or perishes).
- このことによって、日本の国土を華厳経の「蓮華蔵世界」のような理想的世界にしようという意図があったものと思われる。
- It is thought that he aimed Japan to be an ideal world like 'the Lotus Matrix World' in this effort.
- その後、永徳は天正4 - 7年(1576 - 1579年)、織田信長が建立した安土城天守の障壁画制作に携わった。
- Subsequently, Eitoku became involved in the creation of the screen paintings in Azuchi Castle Tower, which Nobunaga ODA constructed during the period from 1576 to 1579.
- 1731年(享保16年)華厳宗の鳳潭との論争に対しては、「浄土折衝編」を著して鳳潭に反駁し、宗風を高揚している。
- In 1731, as for his argument with Hotan of the Kegon Sect, he wrote 'Jodo sessho hen' (the negotiations of Jodo (Pure Land) version) to refute Hotan and enhanced the style of a school.
- 1583年(天正13年)寺が2寺に分割され、その内の1寺はそのまま残され浄土宗西山禅林寺派の寺として現存している。
- In 1583 the temple was split into the two temples, one of which remains as a temple of the Seizan-Zenrinji school of Jodo sect.
- 浄土真宗と標榜しているものの、本尊に釈迦如来、阿弥陀如来の二尊を立てるなど、他の真宗教団とは教義的にも関連が薄い。
- Although it aims for the Jodo Shinshu sect, it doesn't have strong relations with other religious communities of Jodo Shinshu sects in terms of religious principles, as it has adopted the two honzon (principal image of Buddha) of Shaka Nyorai (Shakyamuni) and Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata).
- これを大きくまとめれば、浄土教系の人々は、極楽は報土であるとし、しかもこの報土へ凡夫も往生することができるとする。
- In summary, people in the Jodo sect see Gokuraku as Hodo; moreover, common people can also enter this Hodo.
- このように、称名の声を聞いた時に、浄土からこの我々に働きかけているすがたと感じて、それに応えて称名をする姿を言う。
- As such, this indicates the condition when one hear the sound of chants being intoned one sense that those in Paradise are working on our behalf which is why it is said we respond by chanting.
- 原文…設我得佛 國土清淨 皆悉照見 十方一切 無量無數 不可思議 諸佛世界 猶如明鏡 覩其面像 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, my land should not be resplendent, revealing in its light all the immeasurable, innumerable and inconceivable Buddha-lands, like images reflected in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 鎌倉時代に禅宗と共に位牌が持ち込まれると次第に浄土真宗以外の各宗派で用いられるようになり、江戸時代には一般化した。
- In the Kamakura period, the Zen sect had introduced ihai which became gradually adopted by the other sects except Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land sect) and became common in the Edo period.
- 応仁の乱(1467年-1477年)で荒廃した知恩院を再興し、後柏原天皇から浄土宗総本寺と公称することを勅許された。
- He reconstructed Chion-in Temple which had been devastated during the Onin War, and was permitted by the Emperor Gokashiwabara to call it the Grand Head Temple of the Jodo Sect.
- あえて対立するよりは他宗の仏事にはその教義に合わせ、自分の家の仏事には浄土真宗の教義通りに行うと考える門徒も多い。
- There exist many monto who comply with the respective doctrine of the sect in question when attending Buddhist services of other sects so that they can avoid needless confrontation, and follow the doctrine of Jodo Shinshu Sect only in the event of their families' Buddhist service.
- 相模国二伝寺で出家し、鎌倉の光明寺 (鎌倉市)で浄土教学を修め、武蔵国川越の蓮馨寺(れんけいじ)の存貞にも学んだ。
- He became a priest at Niden-ji Temple in Sagami Province, mastered the Jodo Sect at Komyo-ji Temple in Kamakura (Kamakura City), and also studied under Sontei of Renkei-ji Temple in Kawagoe, Musashi Province.
- 浄土信仰へ傾き1186年(文治2年)勝林院に法然・重源・貞慶・明遍・証真らの碩学を集めて大原問答を行ったとされる。
- It is said that Kenshin was influenced by Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith), and in 1186 conducted Ohara Mondo (Ohara Debate) with great scholars, including Honen, Chogen, Jokei, Myohen, and Shoshin.
- 確かに一向も一遍と同様に浄土宗の影響を受けて自己の教義を確立させたものであるが、全く別箇に教団を開いたものである。
- Both Ikko Shunsho and Ippen established their original doctrines under the influence of the Jodoshu sect, but their sects were completely independent from each other.
- 大半の寺院が時宗を離れ、一向の母体であった浄土宗に帰属するようになったのは昭和時代に入った1943年の事であった。
- It was in 1943, during the Showa period, that most temples were separated from the Jishu sect and returned to the Jodoshu sect, the parent organization of Ikko Shunsho.
- そして棟持柱を含めて、全ての柱が礎石を使わず地面に穴を掘って建てる掘立柱である(現在の出雲大社は土台の上に建つ)。
- All the posts, including munamochi-bashira, are hottate-bashira, which are erected by excavating a posthole to insert and secure the post without using any foundation stones. (Note: Today's Izumo-taisha Shrine is built on a sill.)
- 東南アジアにおいてはインドと不可分の歴史的経過を辿り、すなわちインド本土と同様にヒンドゥー教へと吸収されていった。
- The course it took in Southeast Asia was nondivisible with that of India, which is to say that it was absorbed into Hinduism, just as it was on the Indian mainland.
- 材質は鉄または土が本則とされ木製は禁じられているが、漆をかけたものは鉄製とみなすとして一般には黒塗りの漆器である。
- Principally, oryoki should be iron or earthen instead of wooden, but lacquered ware is deemed to be iron so generally black-lacquered ware is used.
- 織田政権による統一戦争から江戸幕府成立の過程で、浄土真宗をはじめとする寺社勢力は統一権力の前に自律性を失っていく。
- In the course of wars to unify Japan under the Oda government to the establishment of the Edo bakufu, the temples and shrines such as Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) started to lose their autonomy.
- 境内の御廟や、浄土真宗本願寺派門信徒による多くの墓碑が建ち並ぶ大谷墓地や無量寿堂(納骨所)には墓参の信徒が絶えない。
- Buddhist supporters continually visit the Mausoleum in the precinct, Otani Cemetery in which gravestones stand in rows for the followers of Jodo Shinshu Hongan-ji school, and Muryojudo (cinerarium).
- 第十一願の往生浄土する者を必ず成仏せしめるという誓いの後の第十二・十三願であるから、往生浄土したものに具わるべき徳。
- Vows 12 and 13 come after Vow 11, which vows to unfailingly have anyone who dies a peaceful death in the Pure Land become a Buddha, and thus it refers to the virtue they should possess.
- また、仏土のように慕われたものに弥勒菩薩の兜率天(とそつてん)の内院、観音菩薩の補陀落山(ほだらくせん)などがある。
- Places worshipped, like the Buddha-land, includes the inner temple of Tosotsuten (The fourth of six heavens in the world of desire) of Miroku Bosatsu (Buddha of the Future, Bodhisattva of the Present), and the Hodarakusen (Potalaka) of Kannon Bosatsu (Kannon Bodhisattva).
- すなわち、心浄なれば土も浄とする『維摩経』の趣旨によれば、この世界にありながらこの世界がそのまま清浄の土でありうる。
- More specifically, 'Yuimagyo' states that if the spirit is pure then even soil is pure, and even in this world there could be the soil of pureness.
- その後浄土院 (京都市左京区)(現在の京都慈照寺(銀閣寺)の近くにあった寺)に住したことから浄土寺の座主と称された。
- He later resided in Jodo-in Temple (Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City) (a temple which was located near the present Jisho-ji Temple (Ginkaku-ji Temple) in Kyoto), giving him a nickname of chief priest of Jodo-ji Temple.
- 寺社奉行松平忠順は困惑して、徳川将軍家の菩提寺である寛永寺(天台宗)と増上寺(浄土宗)に意見書に対する見解を求めた。
- Tadayori MATSUDAIRA, the commissioner of temples and shrines, was perplexed and asked Kanei-ji Temple (the Tandaishu sect) and Zojo-ji Temple (the Jodoshu sect), family temples belonging to the Tokugawa shogun's family, for their opinions about the proposal.
- 一遍は時衆を率いて遊行(ゆぎょう)を続け、民衆(下人や非人も含む)を賦算(ふさん)と踊り念仏とで極楽浄土へと導いた。
- Ippen continued his pilgrimage at the head of Jishu priests, leading people (including genin [low ranked people] and hinin [lowest rank people]) to gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amida Buddha) by fusan (distributing invocation charms) and Odori Nenbutsu.
- 浄土宗では信心の表われとして念仏を唱える努力を重視し、念仏を唱えれば唱えるほど極楽浄土への往生も可能になると説いた。
- The Jodo sect emphasized the effort to recite nenbutsu as an indication of faith and taught that reciting more nenbutsu made Ojo (birth in the Pure Land) more possible.
- なお、浄土真宗では『選択本願念仏集』(せんじゃくほんがんねんぶつしゅう)、『選択集』(せんじゃくしゅう)と呼称する。
- In Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), it is called 'Senchakuhongan nenbutsu shu' or 'Senchaku-shu.'
- このことにより、多くの門徒の子孫達が、(阿弥陀如来による)他力本願の意味や、浄土真宗独特の儀礼・作法が途絶えつつある。
- As a result, many of monto's descendants are not aware of the meaning of Tariki Hongan (by Amida Nyorai) and the unique rituals and manners of Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- 浄土寺 (小野市)(播磨別所)、新大仏寺(伊賀別所)、阿弥陀寺 (防府市) (周防別所)にも、重源上人坐像が現存する。
- Statues of Priest Chogen remain at Jodo-ji Temple (Ono City) (bessho of Harima Province), Shindaibutsu-ji Temple (bessho of Iga Province) and Amida-ji Temple (Hofu City) (Suo bessho).
- 安土桃山時代に関白豊臣秀吉が亡き母大政所の回向のための千僧供養に日蓮宗の僧侶も出仕を命じる事件が起きた(1595年)。
- In the Azuchi-momoyama Period, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who was then kanpaku (chief advisor to the Emperor), ordered Nichiren Sect Buddhist monks to attend senso-kuyo (a memorial service conducted by one thousand priests) to be held for the purpose of praying for the repose of his late mother Omandokoro (1595).
- 諸国を行脚した後京都に戻って念仏活動を行い、洛北の狸谷不動院や五条坂安祥院を開創したほか、橋や道路の土木工事を行った。
- After travelling to various provinces, he returned to Kyoto and there he practiced nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) activities, founded Tanukidani Fudo-in in Rakuhoku and Gojozaka Ansho-in Temple and was engaged in the civil engineering work of roads and bridges.
- 建長3年(1251年)13歳になると大宰府に移り、法然の孫弟子に当たる聖達の下で10年以上にわたり浄土宗西山義を学ぶ。
- In 1251, when he was 13 years old, he moved to Dazaifu and learned the teachings of Seizan school of Jodoshu sect under Shotatsu, who was a disciple of Honen's disciple, for more than 10 years.
- 14代将軍徳川家茂は京都行きが決まると妻和宮親子内親王に故郷の土産は何がよいかと訊ねたところ、和宮は西陣織をねだった。
- When the fourteenth shogun, Iemochi TOKUGAWA, planned to goto Kyoto, the origin of his wife Imperial Princess Kazunomiya Chikako, he asked her what she wanted as a souvenir, and she asked him to bring Nishijin ori.
- このため、鵜飼鮎は献上品として殊のほか珍重され、安土桃山時代以降は幕府および各地の大名によって鵜飼は保護されていった。
- Therefore, Ukai ayu were particularly-prized as special present so that Ukai had been preserved by the Shogunate and the daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) after the Azuchi-Momoyama Period.
- こうした周知の埋蔵文化財包蔵地において土木工事を行う場合も同様に文化庁長官へ届け出なければならない(第93条第1項)。
- Similarly, if one wants to carry out engineering work on such a well-known place containing a buried cultural property, it is necessary to report to the director-general of the Agency for Cultural Affairs (Article 93, Clause 1).
- また往生した後に1日1夜で華が開き、37日後に耳目が明らかになり、諸仏の国土へ赴き、3小劫の後に十地に往生するという。
- After arriving in the Pure Land, flowers are in full bloom in one day and one night, and after 37 days later, they can open their eyes and listen, visit the land of each Amida or Bosatsu and then, after a long time, they can go to gokuraku jodo with the rank of juji (41 to 50 grades of 50 ranks).
- そして浄土真宗の開祖とされる親鸞は、「善導独明仏正意」(善導、独り仏の正意を明かす)と、『正信念仏偈』の中で讃歎した。
- And Shinran, who is believed to be the founder of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), praised the book by stating that 'Zendodokumyobutsushoi (Shandao was the only one who clarified the message of Buddha)' in 'Shoshin Nembutsuge'.
- もちろん事実と異なる創作ではあるものの、浄土真宗の教義では加持祈祷を否定しており、作中の描写はそれに反するものである。
- Surely it is a fiction and different from the facts and in the creed of Jodo Shinshu, incantation and prayer are denied, the descriptions in the novel are contrary to this.
- すなわちヒンドゥー教での悪神が仏教に帰依した後に守護神・護法善神とされた風習が、日本の風土でも同じくされたものである。
- This means that the Hindu custom of setting evil deities as guardians and Goho zenjin (good deities protecting dharma) after such evil deities became believers of Buddhism was also conducted in the same manner in the Japanese environment.
- 行基は畿内を中心とした各地で布教活動を行っていたことから、近畿地方を中心として各地に縁の地とされる土地が存在している。
- Because Gyoki promulgated Buddhism in various places, mainly in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto), there are a lot of places associated with him in the Kinki region as well as other places.
- 巻子本の下段に経文を書写し、上段にそれを絵解きした絵画を描く形式は中国にその源流があり、敦煌出土品などに類似の例がある。
- The style, with the sutra transcribed in the lower half of the Kansubon together with illustrations depicting the sutra painted in the upper half, originated in China, and this has been proved by the archaeological finds of Dun Huang which show their similarity.
- 今も金王八幡神社の一隅には、土佐坊昌俊こと渋谷金王丸を祀る金王丸影堂があり、傍らに「渋谷城・砦の石」と伝わる石塊が残る。
- Even at present, Konnomaru-eido Hall, which enshrines Shoshin TOSANOBO, namely Konnomaru SHIBUYA, is located at the corner of Konno Hachiman-jinja Shrine and next to it, there exists a stone that has been handed down as 'the stone used for the fortress of Shibuya Castle.'
- 色砂で土壇上に描くため、古い物は残っていないが、チベット仏教などでは今でも修行の一環として儀式、祭礼を行う時に描かれる。
- Although old works do not exist because they were painted on dirt mounds with colored sand, this practice still remains in Tibet as part of ascetic training on the occasion of rites or festivals.
- この浄土教をルーツに、平安末期の良忍の融通念仏宗や、法然の浄土宗、親鸞の浄土真宗、一遍の時宗などの鎌倉新仏教が派生した。
- Various beliefs sprung from Jodo (Pure Land) sect to Kamakura New Buddhism, such as Yuzu Nenbutsu (reciting the name of Amitabha) by Ryonin in the late Heian period, Jodo Sect by Honen, Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) by Shinran, and Ji Sect by Ippen.
- これに対して浄土真宗各派は激しく抗議した為、その後審議のやり直しを決定したものの、実際には単なる先送りに他ならなかった。
- All the branches of the Jodo Shinshu sect opposed the decision and made fierce protests to the bakufu, so it plans were made to discuss the matter again, but in reality it was merely a delaying tactic.
- 当時最大の仏教勢力であった浄土真宗に対しては、お家争いにつけ込んで東西に分裂させ、結果的に勢力を弱体化させることもした。
- Taking advantage of a succession dispute within the Jodo Shinshu sect, which was the largest Buddhist sect at the time, he made it split into 'east' and 'west', which resulted in the weakening of the sect.
- 例えば安土桃山時代、朝鮮に出兵した武将・加藤清正の平紋柄の桔梗を小袖につけている肖像画が、京都府の勤持院に残されている。
- For example, there is a portrait of Kiyomasa KATO, a samurai who fought in Korea during the Azuchi-Momoyama period, who put s Chinese bell flower, of Hyo-mon design, on short-sleeved kimono, in Kinji-in Temple (勤持院) in Kyoto Prefecture.
- 鎌倉時代、武家の間には「おう飯」(※「おう」は「土」偏に「完」)という正月に御家人から将軍に料理を献上する儀式があった。
- During the Kamakura period, there was a ceremony in which samurai presented the dish 'Ohan' to his master shogun at the beginning of the New Year.
- 浄土真宗 真宗・一向宗とも 開祖は見真大師「親鸞」(親鸞聖人)、本山は龍谷山本願寺(西本願寺)・真宗本廟(東本願寺)ほか
- Jodo Shinshu sect: also called the Shinshu sect or the Ikko sect, founded by Kenshin Daishi 'Shinran' (Shinran Shonin), head temples include Hongan-ji Temple on Mt. Ryukoku (Nishi Hongan-ji Temple) and Shinshu Honbyo Mausoleum (Higashi Hongan-ji Temple).
- 浄土真宗では、本尊などに魂を込めるという概念が無いため、「御移徙(ご-いし、お-わたまし)」と呼ばれる慶事の法要を営む。
- Jodo Shinshu has no concept of investing honzon (principal image of Buddha) with soul; instead, they hold a Buddhist service for auspicious event called 'goishi' or 'owatamashi' (written as 御移徙).
- 「正信念仏偈(しょうしんねんぶつげ)〈正信念佛偈〉」は、親鸞の著書『顕浄土真実教行証文類』の「行巻」の末尾に所収の偈文。
- Shoshin Nenbutsuge' is a Gemon (poetic writing in Buddhism, usually honoring its principles and Buddha) included at the end of 'Gyo no maki' in 'Ken jodo shinjitsu kyogyosho monrui' (Selected passages revealing the true teaching, practice and attainment of the Pure Land), written by Shinran.
- 「たとえば、三千大千世界のあらゆる地種を、仮に人ありて磨(す)りて墨となし、東方の千の国土を過ぎて、乃ち一点を下さん。]
- 'Suppose, for example, that someone took all the earth particles in the thousand-million-fold world and ground them up to make ink powder, and as he passed through the thousand lands of the east, he dropped one grain of the ink powder.'
- 康和4年(1102年)正月、姉の麗子の出家に際し戒師を務めたが、同年3月28日咳病のため土御門第において58歳で入寂した。
- In January 1102 when his sister Reishi became a priestess, he was put in charge of kaishi (the priest who imparts the Buddhist commandments), but he entered nirvana because of a coughing disease at Tsuchimikado-dai residence at the age of fifty-eight on April 24 during the same year.
- 虚偽の世界、流転の世界、尺取虫が丸くなって丸いものを廻るように流転し、蚕の繭の如く自らを縛りつけ苦しむ世界が穢土だという。
- It means that Edo is the world of the fallacious, protean, where people circle around a ring like an inchworm does, and suffer by tying themselves up like a silkworm does within their cocoon.
- 一方、京都一条の清浄華院第4世の住持となり、浄土宗の布教に力を尽くし、然空の法流は一条流(西谷流)と称されるようになった。
- Meanwhile, he became the 4th chief priest of Shojoke-in Temple at Ichijo, Kyoto and made efforts in missionary work of the Jodo sect, and his doctrine was called Ichijo-ryu (Nishitani school.)
- 浄土真宗では、水は華瓶(けびょう)という仏具に樒の枝葉を挿して、本尊前の上卓(うわじょく)の上、浄水(香水)として供える。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, water should be served on uwajoku (a table situated in front of the principal image) as purified water (fragrant water) using Buddhist alter fittings called kebyo with branches and leaves of shikimi (Japanese star anise) put into it.
- ただし多くの斎場・火葬場は友引に休業する事が多いため、浄土真宗でも友引に葬式を行う例は少ない(実務上、告別式を行えない)。
- As many funeral halls and crematories are closed on the day of tomobiki, however, even the believers of Jodo Shinshu Sect rarely hold funerals on the day of tomobiki (practically, it is impossible to hold the final service for the dead).
- なお、浄土真宗の中陰中の法要は、近親者が亡くなる事によって、生死(しょうじ)の意味をより深く考え法にふれる為の法要である。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, the purpose of the Buddhist memorial service during the chuin period is to get attendants to deeply contemplate the meaning of life and death as well as the teachings of Buddha taking the opportunity of their close relative's death.
- 報恩講とは、浄土真宗の開祖である親鸞(1173~1262) の命日の前後に、宗祖に対する報恩謝徳の為に営まれる法要のこと。
- Hoon-ko refers to a memorial service which was held around the anniversary of the death of Shinran (1173 - 1262), the founder of Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) for the purpose of Hon shatoku (repayment for indebtedness) to the founder.
- 浄土教の深奥をきわめたと柳宗悦に高く評せられるが、当人は観念的な思惟よりも、ひたすら六字の念仏を称える実践に価値を置いた。
- While Muneyoshi YANAGI highly evaluated him as he mastered the depth of Jodo sect, Ippen himself valued the single-minded practice to chant invocation of six letters more than abstract thought.
- この配分は、『預修十王生七経』のみならず、『灌頂随願往生十方浄土経』(略して『灌頂経』)や『地蔵菩薩本願経』でも説かれる。
- This allocation is preached not only in 'Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra' but also 'Kanjo Zuigan Ojo Jippo Jodo-kyo Sutra' ('Kanjo-kyo Sutra' for short; Sutra on the washing of the top of the head) and 'Jizo bosatsu hongan-kyo Sutra' (The Sutra of Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha's Fundamental Vows).
- 安土桃山時代に若狭武田氏の縁戚であった細川幽斎(幽斎)に伝授され、江戸時代は細川流弓馬軍礼故実と称して熊本藩で保護された。
- It was taught to Yusai HOSOKAWA, who was a relative of the Wakasa-Takeda clan in the Azuchi-Momoyama Period and was preserved in the domain of Kumamoto in the Edo Period, called Hosokawa-ryu Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu (Hosokawa's ancient practices of customs about archery, troops and military etiquette).
- その画風は、同時代人の土佐光信の伝統的な大和絵風とは対照的に、水墨を基調とし、中国宋・元の画法を元にした「漢画」であった。
- His painting style was 'kanga,' with ink painting based on the brushwork of Sung and Yuan in China, in contrast to the traditional Yamatoe of his contemporary, Mitsunobu TOSA.
- 建武元年(1334年)11月13日、土佐国高岡郡津野(高知県高岡郡津野町)を支配していた豪族・津野氏の一族として生まれる。
- Chushin was born on November 13, 1334 into the Tsuno clan that was the local ruling family of Tsuno, Takaoka-gun, Tosa Province (Tsuno-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi Prefecture).
- 1902年~1904年に浄土真宗本願寺派の第22世門主大谷光瑞が組織した学術調査隊・大谷探検隊では実質的リーダーを努めた。
- He was a substantial leader in the Otani Expedition, which was an academic investigation team organized from 1902 to 1904 by Kozui OTANI, the twenty-second chief priest of the True Pure Land sect Hongan-ji school.
- また、神道と習合してカヤカベ教のような秘密宗教も派生したが、基本的には本願寺教団に属し、浄土真宗の主流の教えを守る者をいう。
- Additionally, there were secret religions such as Kayakabe-kyo Religion that syncretized with Shintoism, but this generally refers to the Hongan religious group and those who protected the main teachings of the Jodo Shinshu Sect.
- しかも、この国土は法性の理に応ずる無為涅槃界であり、一切の衆生を導き救うために仏によって構えられた世界であると説かれている。
- Moreover, this land is mui nehankai, which is a world corresponding to the logic of Buddhism, and it is explained that this is a world made by Buddha to lead and save all lives.
- 原文…設我得佛 國中菩薩 隨意欲見 十方無量 嚴淨佛土 應時如願 於寶樹中 皆悉照見 猶如明鏡 覩其面像 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in my land who wish to see the immeasurable glorious Buddha-lands of the 10 quarters should be unable to view all of them reflected in the jeweled trees, just as one sees the reflection of his face in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 浄土教日本の根本聖典の一つで、『仏説無量寿経』(康僧鎧訳)、『観無量寿経』(畺良耶舎訳)とともに「浄土三部経」と総称される。
- It is one of the fundamental sacred scriptures of the Japanese Jodo (Pure Land) sect; together with Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo (the Sutra of the Buddha of Immeasurable Life) (translated by Koso) and 'Bussetsu Kanmuryoju-kyo' (The Sutra of Contemplation on the Buddha of Immeasurable Life) (translated by Kyoryoyasha) they are collectively called 'The Jodo Sanbu-kyo' (the three main sutras of the Pure Land sect).
- 極楽浄土に生まれたいと願う者は皆、仏になることが約束され、阿弥陀仏の名号を聞信し喜び、心から念ずれば往生が定まると説かれる。
- It was preached and people earnestly felt that upon death everyone had a desire to be born in Sukhavati (Amitabha's Pure Land), committed to becoming a Buddha and, sincerely rejoiced on hearing the name Amitabha
- 建久8年(1197年)、播磨の別所に建造られた浄土寺 (小野市)浄土堂(兵庫県小野市)は現存しており、国宝に指定されている。
- The Jodo-do hall (Ono City, Hyogo Prefecture) at Jodo-ji Temple (Ono City) which was built at Harima bessho in 1197 remains standing today and has been designated a National Treasure.
- 専修念仏の先駆であり、より純粋な天台系の浄土教仏教を伝えており、その後の浄土宗や浄土真宗の先行的形態と内容を持つともいえる。
- It was the pioneering work of Senshu Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) and transmitted the purer Jodo-kyo Buddhism of the Tendai sect, so that it can be said to have the advanced form and content of the later Jodo and Jodo Shinshu sects.
- しかし、浄土真宗では、語呂合わせなどによる迷信を否定する為、三ヶ月に跨っても、七七日(なななのか)法要(四十九日)まで行う。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, however, Nanananoka Buddhist memorial service (Shijukunichi (49 days)) is held even when the chuin is over three months because it denies superstitions based on a pun, and so on.
- 語源は、源信 (公卿)の『往生要集』冒頭の章名に由来するが、その内容は欣求浄土とともに、浄土教思想の基本的特質を表している。
- Its origin derives from the name of the opening chapter of 'Ojoyoshu (Buddhism book)' by MINAMOTO no Makoto (a court noble), the content of which shows the basic characteristics of the thoughts of the Jodo sect as well as Gongujodo.
- 信長は時を移さず、安土から浄厳院へ出向き、法華宗・浄土宗の当事者を召し出して、霊誉と聖誉に扇と団扇を贈り、大いに褒め称えた。
- Nobunaga immediately left Azuchi and came to Jogon-in Temple where he summoned the participants from both sects to his presence, admired and gave Reiyo and Seiyo a folding fan and a round fan.
- また、当霊場は浄土宗の寺院を中心にした巡拝であるが、法然上人の御霊跡を巡る霊場であるので真言宗や天台宗の寺院も含まれている。
- The circuit pilgrimage is made mainly to Buddhist temples of the Pure Land sect, but those of the Shingon sect and the Tendai sect are also included because the pilgrimage is made to sacred grounds related to Honen Shonin.
- 貴族も阿弥陀仏にすがり、極楽浄土に迎えられることを願って来迎図などを盛んに描かせ、その究極として宇治の地に平等院を建立した。
- The nobles relied on Amida Buddha and, hoping to be welcomed to the Sukhavati paradise, had many 'raigo-zu' (images of the Amida Buddha's descent to welcome the dying) drawn and ultimately had Byodo-in Temple built at Uji.
- この口は地面と同じ高さになっている物も多く、主に土間に設置されていた日本の竈では、竈のすぐ下が土の露出した地面となっていた。
- Many kamado had this opening at ground level, and Japanese-style kamado were placed mainly on the bare ground.
- 隠し念仏は、藩からの宗教宗派弾圧のために隠れざるを得なかった薩摩藩や人吉藩の浄土真宗弾圧における隠れ念仏とは全く別物である。
- Kakushi nenbutsu is completely different from 'kakure nenbutsu,' which was a group of Jodo-shinshu believers in the Satsuma clan and the Hitoyoshi clan who could not help concealing their beliefs because of the suppression on Jodo Shinshu by the clans.
- 本来、日本は国土のほとんどを山に囲まれ、古来より山岳信仰が存在したため、こうした考えが受け入れやすい地盤があったと想定される。
- It can be assumed that because there are many mountains in Japan and a traditional mountain worship had existed, this kind of idea could easily have been accepted.
- 広如(こうにょ、寛政10年(1798年)-明治4年(1871年)8月19日は、幕末の浄土真宗の僧、西本願寺20世宗主、大僧正。
- Konyo (1798 - August 19, 1871) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the end of the Edo period, the 20th head priest of the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, and daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order).
- 文明13年(1481年)、順如は同じ浄土真宗の仏光寺派の内紛に関与して経豪(蓮教)ら同派幹部・門徒の本願寺受け入れを実現した。
- In 1481, after Junnyo was involved in the internal problems of the Bukko-ji School, who were in the same Jodo Shinshu, he was made the executive of the believers of the same religious school, such as Kyogo (later renamed Renkyo) in order to be accepted by Hongan-ji Temple.
- 「還相回向」とは「還来穢国の相状」の略で、浄土へ往生したものを、再びこの世で衆生を救うために還り来たらしめようとの願いを言う。
- Genso eko' is an abbreviation of 'genrai ekoku no sojo (a state of the dead to return to this defiled world),' and refers to a wish of the dead in the Pure Land to return to life again to save mankind.
- 親鸞は、他力本願とは阿弥陀仏の本願の働きであり、その働きは浄土への往生のためだけでなく、今この時にも働き続けていると解釈した。
- Shinran interpreted that Tariki Hongan was the power of the Original Vow made by Amida Buddha, and that the power worked not only for the people's Birth in the Pure Land, but also kept working for the present moment in the people's real lives as well.
- そして、京都に戻り常盤御前に義朝の死を知らせた後、義朝の菩提を弔うために出家し、興福寺西金堂の衆徒となり、土佐坊昌俊と号した。
- After returning to Kyoto, he informed Tokiwa Gozen of Yoshitomo's death and thereafter, he entered the priesthood as a priest of Saikon-do of Kofuku-ji Temple in order to pray for Yoshitomo and called himself Shoshun TOSANOBO.
- 1666年(寛文6年)に徳川幕府は土水供養令を発令し、野呂檀林(千葉県)日講は不受不施義を講ずるものとして、日講は流罪となる。
- In 1666, the Tokugawa shogunate issued Tsuchimizu Kuyo Rei (土水供養令, the act for kuyo (Buddhist memorial service) based on the thought that temple estates are regarded as kuyo of shogunate) and based on it, Nikko of Noro Danrin (Chiba Prefecture) was accused of teaching fujufusegi and was banished.
- In 1666, the Tokugawa shogunate issued Tsuchimizu Kuyo Rei (土水供養令, the act for kuyo (Buddhist memorial service) based on the thought that temple estates are regarded as kuyo of shogunate) and based on it, Nikko of Noro Danrin (Chiba Prefecture) was accused of teaching fujufuse-gi (teachings of fujufuse) and was banished.
- だが、中世において同じ念仏を唱える浄土教系宗派であった両派が混同され、更に時衆などとも一緒くたに考えられるようになっていった。
- However, during the middle ages, both of the sects which had branched from the Jodokyo and featured the chanting of the same Buddhist invocation were mixed up, and both were further confused with the Jishu sect.
- 信長公記などによると、5月中旬、関東の浄土宗の霊誉玉念(れいよぎょくねん)という長老が上方へ出てきて安土の町で説法をしていた。
- According to the chronicle of Nobunaga, Nobunaga Koki, an elder Jodoshu sect monk Reiyo Gyokunen came from the Kanto region, eastern Japan, up to the Kamigata region, the Kyoto-Osaka area, during the middle of May and preached Jodoshu sect Buddhism in the town of Azuchi.
- これ以後は、宮廷の絵所預(えどころあずかり)の職にあった大和絵系の土佐光信と、漢画系の狩野正信の両者が画壇の二大勢力となった。
- Subsequently, Mitsunobu TOSA, of the Yamatoe group (a style of Japanese painting) who was in the postion of Edokoro-azukari (a leader of painters who worked for the Imperial Court) of the Imperial Court, and Masanobu KANO of the Kanga (a Chinese style of painting) group, became two major forces in the art world.
- が、周辺に熱が熱放射などの形で逃げる他、煙が漂う・火が風で揺らぐなど効率が悪いため、土、石、セメントで作られる竈が発明された。
- However, as that was inefficient because of heat lost due to thermal radiation, smoke given off, and fire sputtering in the wind, and so on, kamado made from mud, stone or cement were invented.
- 唯善(ゆいぜん、建長5年(1253年)- 文保元年2月2日 (旧暦)(1317年3月15日))は、鎌倉時代後期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Yuizen (1253-March 23, 1317) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the late Kamakura period.
- 浄土真宗では、念仏の信仰に生きる人は、この世の命が終わるとただちに浄土に生れるとし、そこで墓碑に「倶会一処」と刻むことがある。
- According to the Jodo Shinshu sect, those who believe in invocation are considered to be reborn in the Pure Land soon after they pass away, and sometimes 'Kueissho' is carved on their tombstones.
- 大谷 光真(おおたに こうしん、1945年8月12日 -)は、浄土真宗本願寺派第24代門主であり、宗教法人本願寺住職を務める。
- Koshin OTANI (August 12, 1945 -) is the 24th Monshu (the chief priest) of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect and the head priest of the religious corporation Hongan-ji Temple.
- 一如(いちにょ 1649年(慶安2年)-1700年5月30日(元禄13年4月12日))は、浄土真宗の僧で、東本願寺第16代法主。
- Ichinyo (1649 - May 30, 1700) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and the 16th hoshu (head priest) of the Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- この浄土にある華池や宝楼、宝閣などの建物もまた浄土の宝樹も、みな金銀珠玉をちりばめ、七宝乃至は百千万の宝をもって厳飾されている。
- The ponds of flowers, jeweled castles and pavilions, and treasure trees in this Jodo are all enchased with gold, silver, and jewels, and are richly decorated with Shichiho (seven kinds of treasures in Buddhism), or a million treasures.
- 日本の浄土教の根本聖典の一つで、『仏説無量寿経』(康僧鎧訳)、『仏説阿弥陀経』(鳩摩羅什訳)とともに「浄土三部経」と総称される。
- It is one of the basic sacred sutras of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect in Japan and, together with 'Bussetsu Muryoju Kyo' (the Sutra of the Buddha of Immeasurable Life) and 'Bussetsu Amida Kyo Sutra' (The Sutra of Amida Buddha), they are generally called the 'Jodo Sanbu-kyo' (the three main sutras of the Pure Land sect).
- このような遠隔地に及ぶ托鉢は、やがて平安時代末期の空也などの聖(ひじり)と呼ばれる遊行者による浄土教の布教活動に繋がっていった。
- These takuhatsu in distant places led to propagation of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect by wanderers called hijiri, such as Kuya, at the end of Heian period.
- 室町時代、浄土真宗中興の祖である本願寺八世・蓮如が布教の際に「南無阿弥陀仏」と書いた掛軸を信徒に授け、仏壇に祀ることを奨励した。
- In the Muromachi period, Rennyo, the eighth head of Hongan-ji Temple and the originator of restoration of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land sect of Buddhism,) gave her followers the hanging scrolls with the script of 'Namu Amidabutsu' (a single, sincere call upon the name of Amida) and encouraged them to enshrine the scrolls at their own butsudan.
- 長西(ちょうさい、元暦元年(1184年) - 文永3年1月6日 (旧暦)(1266年2月12日))は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土宗の僧。
- Chosai (1184 - February 19, 1266) was a priest of the Jodo Sect in the middle of the Kamakura period.
- 源智(げんち、寿永2年(1183年) - 暦仁元年12月12日 (旧暦)(1239年1月18日))は、鎌倉時代前期の浄土宗の僧。
- Genchi (1183 - January 18, 1239) was a priest of the Jodo sect of the early Kamakura period.
- 浄土真宗の門徒は、家の墓に納骨するのとは別に、遺骨の一部を親鸞聖人の墓所である京都の西大谷や東大谷に、分骨して納めることがある。
- Some monto place a portion of the remains at Nishi Otani or Higashi Otani in Kyoto, the graveyard of the holy priest Shinran, separately from their own family graveyard.
- 特に浄土思想の普及や禅宗の伝来の影響によって新しく成立した仏教宗派のことを鎌倉新仏教(かまくらしんぶっきょう)と呼ぶ場合もある。
- Sometimes the Buddhist sects which were newly established by the influence of the spread of Jodo-shiso (Pure Land Buddhism) and the introduction of the Zen sect are especially called 'Kamakura Shin Bukkyo' (Kamakura New Buddhism').
- 1975年(昭和50年)の文化財保護法改正により、建造物とともにその所在する土地を重要文化財に指定することができるようになった。
- With the 1975 revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, a building and its land could be designated as an important cultural property.
- 例えば埼玉県の稲荷山古墳や島根県の古墳時代前期を代表する出雲の大型方墳である造山古墳 (島根県)からは鉄剣、大刀が出土している。
- For example, iron swords and Tachi were excavated from the Inariyama tumulus, Saitama Prefecture and the Tsukuriyama tumulus, Shimane Prefecture, which is a large square tumulus in Izumo representing the early Kofun period.
- 幸西(こうさい、長寛元年(1163年) - 宝治元年4月14日 (旧暦)(1247年5月20日))は、鎌倉時代前期の浄土宗の僧。
- Kosai (1163 - May 27, 1247) was a priest of the Jodo sect early in the Kamakura period.
- 浄土真宗の開祖とされる親鸞が、流罪により僧籍を剥奪された後に、自らを「愚禿釋親鸞」と名告り非僧非俗の立場で教化された事に基づく。
- It is based on enlightenment of Shinran, who is considered to be the founder of Jodoshin sect, in the position of hiso hizoku (non-priesthood, non-laity) by introducing himself to be 'Gutoku shaku Shinran' after being deprived of his priesthood due to banishment.
- 浄土真宗の信仰の証拠となる阿弥陀如来立像や、親鸞聖人の御影(肖像)、六字名号(南無阿弥陀仏)などは隠して守らなくてはならなかった。
- The wooden standing statue of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha), portrait of Saint Shinran, and the Six-Name Title (Namu Amidabutsu (a single, sincere call upon the name of Amida)), which were the evidence of the believer of Jodo Shinshu sect, were supposed to be protected while hidden.
- 常如(じょうにょ 1641年(寛永18年)-1694年6月14日(元禄7年5月22日))は、浄土真宗の僧で、東本願寺第15代法主。
- Jonyo (1641-June 14, 1694) was a priest in the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and the 15th Head Priest of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 埋納される場所は霊地や聖地と位置付けられている山頂や神社境内である場合が多く、土中や土上に石室が作られて安置され、封土が盛られる。
- Burial sites were often located on the top of mountains or within the precincts of Shinto shrines, which were considered sacred, and a rock chamber was built under or on the ground and covered with soil.
- さらに、唯識家の人々のごとく、仏身も仏土もすべて、別に外にあるのではなく、自心所変である から、己心を離れて別にあるわけではない。
- Further, people who have Yuishiki (consciousness-only, the basic doctrine of the Japanese Hosso school) thought say there is only a person's consciousness, and since Buddha and their land is inside the person's heart, they don't exist outside the person's consciousness.
- 「往相回向」とは、自分の善行功徳を他のものにめぐらして、他のものの功徳として、ともに浄土に往生しようとの願いをもととして説かれる。
- Oso eko' is preached based on a wish to go to the Pure Land together by turning the charity and merit one has pursued to others and taking them as others' merit.
- 鎌倉時代には、法然の浄土宗や親鸞の浄土真宗などは末法思想に立脚し、念仏により死後に西方極楽浄土の阿弥陀如来の御許への往生を唱えた。
- In the Kamakura period, Honen of the Jodo sect and Shinran of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) called for, based on Mappo shiso, repeating the name of Buddha in order to be able to go to Amidanyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) at Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) after death.
- 筑後国山本に善導寺を建立して九州における念仏の根本道場とし、肥後国白川に往生院 (熊本市)を開き浄土宗の主流である鎮西派を開いた。
- Bencho built the Zendo-ji Temple in Yamamoto in Chikugo Province as a main Dojo for training nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) in the Kyushu region, and opened the Ojoin Temple in Shirakawa in Higo Province (Kumamoto City) to found the Chinzei School which would form a mainstream of the Jodo Sect.
- 門徒物知らず(もんとものしらず)は、浄土真宗の信者(門徒)に対して他宗の信者が「仏教の作法を知らない」と批判する際に使われる言葉。
- Monto mono shirazu' is a phrase which believers of other sects use when they criticize monto (believers) of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) as 'they don't know about the manners of Buddhism.'
- 法然の提唱した「専修念仏」とは、浄土往生のための手段のひとつとして考えられていた観相念仏を否定し、称名念仏のみを認めたものである。
- Senju Nenbutsu was proposed by Honen only recognized Shomyo Nenbutsu and negated Kanso Nenbutsu, which was considered as a way of Jodo Ojo (Rebirth in the Pure Land).
- 智光曼荼羅(ちこうまんだら)とは、奈良市の元興寺に伝わる智光が感得したという曼荼羅の図像に基づいて作られた浄土曼荼羅の総称である。
- Chiko Mandala is the generic name for Jodo Mandalas made after the style of the Mandala which is said to have been envisioned by Chiko and has been preserved in Gango-ji Temple of Nara City
- 構成としては池を中心にして、土地の起伏を生かすか、築山を築いて、庭石や草木を配し、四季折々に鑑賞できる景色を造るのが一般的である。
- Construction of Nihon teien generally utilizes undulations of the ground or building a miniature mountain, locating a pond at the center of it, and arranging garden stones and plants so that viewers can appreciate the scenery in all seasons.
- 仏教(特に浄土教)では、衆生の機根の違いによって、同じ極楽浄土へ往生するにも、9つのパターンがあると『観無量寿経』に説かれている。
- Kanmuryojukyo' (one of Buddhist scriptures) described that there are nine patterns to go to gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land of Amitabha) according to an ability of all living things in Buddhism (especially, Jodo [Pure Land] sect).
- 後世、浄土教の念仏易行道(ねんぶついぎょうどう)を説く一章「易行品(いぎょうぼん)」がとくに注目され、この章についての研究は多い。
- The 'Easy Practice Chapter' (Igyo-bon) explaining the easy path via nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) in the Jodo (Pure Land) sect caught special attention in later ages, and many researches were conducted into the chapter.
- 狩野宗秀(そうしゅう、1551 - 1601)は元秀(もとひで)とも称し永徳の弟で、安土城障壁画制作などで永徳の助手として働いた。
- Soshu KANO (1551 - 1601) was a brother of Eitoku, also called Motohide, and worked as an assistant to Eitoku in the creation of the screen paintings in Azuchi Castle.
- 性信(しょうしん、文治3年(1187年) - 建治元年7月17日 (旧暦)(1275年8月9日))は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Shoshin (1187 - August 16, 1275) is a Buddhist priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who lived during the middle of the Kamakura period.
- 大谷 尊由(おおたに そんゆ、1886年(明治19年)8月19日 - 1939年(昭和14年)8月1日)は、浄土真宗の僧侶、政治家。
- Sonyu OTANI (August 19, 1886 - August 1, 1939) was a priest and statesman of Jodo shinshu (the True Pure Land sect of Buddhism).
- 善昭門下に石霜楚円、瑯琊慧覚が出、蘊聡門下からは楊岐派の楊岐方会、黄龍派の黄龍慧南が出て、その一門が中国全土を制覇することとなった。
- Sekiso Soen and Roya Ekaku (瑯琊慧覚) who were Zensho's disciples, and Yogi Hoe of the Yogi school and Oryu Enan of the Oryu school, who were Shonen's disciples, appeared and their group dominated all over China.
- 何故仏国土に往生する事が、成仏の方法となるかというと、成仏には、仏の導きと仏による成仏への保証(授記)がなければならないからである。
- In the context of Mahayana Buddhism, it was considered that because one must have juki (endorsement) by Buddhas to attain Buddhahood based on their guidance, the way to become a Buddha is to be born in Buddha lands.
- 日本の浄土曼荼羅には図柄、内容などから大きく分けて智光曼荼羅、当麻曼荼羅、清海曼荼羅の3種があり、これらを浄土三曼荼羅と称している。
- Based on patterns and contents, Jodo mandala works in Japan are categorized into 3 kinds, i.e. Chiko Mandala, Taima Mandala and Seikai Mandala, and these are collectively called Jodo Sanmandala (three Jodo mandala).
- 「南無阿弥陀仏」と数多く唱えることで、貴賎や男女の区別なく西方極楽浄土へ往生することができると説き、往生は臨終の際に決定するとした。
- He taught that by repeating 'Namu Amidabutsu' many times, all people regardless of whether they are rich or poor, male or female could attain Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) upon death and this was decided upon at the time of death.
- 開祖・一遍(1239年-1289年)は1251年に大宰府に赴き、法然の孫弟子である浄土宗の聖達(1203年-1279年)に師事した。
- The founder, Ippen (1239 – 1289) traveled to Dazaifu in 1251 and became a disciple of Honen's apprentice's apprentice, Shotatsu (1203 – 1279) of the Jodo Sect.
- 横超とは即時に往生が決まることで、四流とは即ち「生」「病」「老」「死」であり、この四流を断ち切ることで初めて浄土に往生できるとした。
- Ocho' means passing is determined instantaneously and 'shiryu' (four elements) is 'life,' 'disease,' 'ageing' and 'death' and he taught that by cutting away from these four elements, one could rebirth in the Pure Land.
- 従って、本来であれば浄土真宗の門徒から見て正しい呼称ではなく、また一向俊聖の「一向宗」と混同される事から望ましい呼び方でもなかった。
- Therefore, it was neither a correct designation from the viewpoint of the Jodo Shinshu sect, nor a desirable name, since it was confused with the 'Ikkoshu sect' founded by Ikko Shunsho.
- 「この度は霊誉長老の宿を引き受けたにもかかわらず、長老の応援もせず、人にそそのかされて問答を挑み、京都・安土内外に騒動を起こした。」
- At first, you provided lodging for the elder monk Reiyo, but did not support him; instead, you were tempted by someone to challenge Reiyo to a debate and made an uproar inside and outside of Kyoto and Azuchi.'
- 寂如(じゃくにょ、慶安4年(1651年) - 享保10年8月15日 (旧暦)(1725年8月15日))は、江戸時代前期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Jakunyo (1651 - September 21, 1725) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the early part of the Edo period.
- 願名…女人成仏の願・女人往生の願(法然・大経釈)・変成男子の願(親鸞『浄土和讃』)・転女成男の願、聞名転女の願(存覚『女人往生聞書』)
- Title: Nyoninjobutsu no gan, Nyoninojo no gan (Honen's Commentary on Daikyo), Henjonanshi no gan ('Jodo wasan,' by Shinran), Tennyojonan no gan and Monmyotennyo no gan ('Nyoninojo kikigaki,' by Zonkaku)
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 皆悉逮得 普等三昧 住是三昧 至于成佛 常見無量 不可思議 一切諸佛 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not all attain the samadhi called 'universal equality' and, while dwelling therein, should not always be able to see all the immeasurable and inconceivable Tathagatas until those Bodhisattvas too become Buddhas, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 浄土教日本の根本聖典の一つで、『観無量寿経』(畺良耶舎訳)、『阿弥陀経仏説阿弥陀経』(鳩摩羅什訳)とともに「浄土三部経」と総称される。
- It is among the basic scriptures of Japanese Jodo sect and is called 'the Jodo Sanbu-kyo,' along with 'Kammuryoju-kyo (Meditation Sutra),' translated by Ryuso Kyoryoyasha, and 'Amida-kyo Bussetsu Amida Sutra,' translated by Kumaraju.
- 浄土は何のためにあるのかといえば、仏自らが法楽を受用するためと共に、人々をその国に引接して化益をほどこし、さとりを開かせるためである。
- If you ask what Jodo exists for, it is for Buddha himself to obtain the Horaku (pleasure of a pious life) as well as to lead people to this land and provide the Buddhist benefits in order for them to be spiritually awakened.
- 鎌倉時代末期に書かれた『野守鏡』にはこの教団を一向宗と呼んで、後世の浄土真宗とは全く無関係の宗派として存在している事が記録されている。
- In the 'Nomori no Kagami,' which was written at the end of the Kamakura period, it is recorded that this sect was called Ikkoshu, and was a completely different sect from the later Jodo Shinshu sect.
- 今度(このたび)近江の浄厳院に於いて浄土宗と宗論をいたし、法花宗が負け申すに付いて、京都の坊主普伝、並びに塩屋伝介が仰せ付けられ候事。
- As we debated the Jodoshu sect at Jogon-in Temple in Omi and lost the debate, Fuden, a monk in Kyoto, and a salt-seller Densuke were sentenced to death.
- 法然上人二十五霊場(ほうねんしょうにんにじゅうごれいじょう)は、浄土宗の開祖である法然上人ゆかりの寺院二十五箇所を巡る霊場巡拝である。
- Honen Shonin Nijugo reijo (25 sacred ground of Honen Shonin) is circuit pilgrimage to 25 temples which are related to Honen Shonin, the founder of the Pure Land sect.
- 偈頌(韻文)と、それを解説した長行(じょうごう、散文)の部分からなり、特に後者においては、浄土往生の方法として「五念門」を説いている。
- It consists of gaathaa (verse) and chogo (prose), and the latter in particular expounds 'gonenmon' (Five Practice-Gates of Mindfulness) as a way of Jodo Ojo (Rebirth in the Pure Land).
- 浄土三曼荼羅(じょうどさんまんだら)とは、日本において伝統的な浄土曼荼羅(正しくは浄土変相図)のうち主要な三種の構図を指す言葉である。
- Jodo Sanmandala is a term representing the 3 leading types of compositions among the traditional Jodo Mandala (Pure Land Mandala) (or Jodo Henso-zu [Pictures of Amitabha's Paradise] to be precise) in Japan.
- この規定に基づく「土地」の重要文化財指定は1976年(昭和51年)に初めて行われ、民家の建物とともにその敷地が重要文化財に指定された。
- Based on this regulation, the first designation of such land as an important cultural property was done in 1976; together with the building of a private house, the site was designated as an important cultural property.
- 法霖(ほうりん、元禄6年(1693年)- 寛保元年10月17日 (旧暦)(1741年11月24日))は、江戸時代中期の浄土真宗の学僧。
- Horin (1693 - November 24, 1741) was a gakuso (scholar monk) of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the middle of the Edo period.
- 密教は、インドからチベット・ブータンへ、さらに中国・韓国・日本にも伝わって、土地の習俗を包含しながら、それぞれの変容を繰り返している。
- Esoteric Buddhism was transmitted from India to Tibet and Bhutan, to China, Korea, and Japan, taking in local folkways and being repeatedly modified in each region.
- 元弘元年(1331年)、後醍醐天皇の命を受けた善阿 (浄土宗)が7日間にわたって百万遍念仏を行って達成させ、疫病を鎮めたとされている。
- In 1331, a priest called Zena (Jodo sect) completed Hyakumanben Nenbutsu in seven days by command of Emperor Godaigo to control an epidemic and succeeded in ending it.
- 寺名の「遣迎」は、発遣(ほっけん)の釈迦と来迎の阿弥陀、つまり西方極楽浄土へ送り出す釈迦と迎え取る阿弥陀の両如来を本尊とすることによる。
- The temple name 'Kengo' comes from the fact that its honzon are both Hokken no Shakyamuni and Raigei no Amida, that is, the Shakyamuni who sends a person to Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land of Amida Buddha) and the Amida who receives him.
- 湘南 宗化(しょうなん そうけ 生年不明(1586年頃) - 寛永14年(1637年))は、安土桃山時代・江戸時代の臨済宗妙心寺の僧侶。
- Soke SHONAN (year of birth not known (around 1586) - 1637) was a priest of the Myoshin-ji Temple of the Rinzai sect in the Azuchi-Momoyama Period and the Edo Period.
- 覚恵(かくえ、暦仁2年・延応元年(1239年)頃 - 徳治2年4月12日 (旧暦)(1307年5月14日))は、鎌倉時代の浄土真宗の僧。
- Kakue (1239 - May 22, 1307) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu in the Kamakura period.
- 同親王は建久9年(1198年)に土御門天皇として即位し、能円は血縁上は天皇の外祖父となったが、それに相応しい厚遇を受けることはなかった。
- When he ascended the throne as Emperor Tsuchimikado in 1198, Noen became the maternal grandfather of an emperor by blood relationship, but he never received treatment befitting that fact.
- 存如(ぞんにょ 1396年(応永3年)-1457年7月9日(長禄元年6月18日 (旧暦)))は、室町時代の浄土真宗の僧で、本願寺第7世。
- Zonnyo (1396 to July 9, 1457) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the Muromachi period, and the 7th head priest of the Hongan-ji Temple.
- 本当の意味での「苦」の解決は、衆生が仏になることですべて解決されるから、往生浄土の上で仏となることが四十八願のもっとも重要な部分となる。
- In the true meaning, all their 'suffering' will be solved when sentient beings become Buddhas and, hence, to become a Buddha upon dying a peaceful death in the Pure Land is the most important part of the 48 Vows.
- 現在では、双方の意味とも辞書に掲載される一般的な用法であるが、浄土真宗各派から上記2の意味で使った事例に対して抗議が行われることがある。
- Although both groups of meanings are found in dictionaries and are used generally, various schools of the Jodo Shinshu sect often protest against the usage of Tariki Hongan in the second meaning mentioned above.
- 1608年(慶長13年)に徳川家康は妙満寺(京都府)日経と浄土宗の廓山を江戸城にて宗論(慶長宗論)させ、日経は耳と鼻を削がれ酷刑となる。
- In 1608, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ordered Nikkei of Myoman-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and Kakuzan of Jodo Sect to hold a doctrinal debate (Keicho shuron) at Edo-jo Castle and Nikkei was punished by having his ears and nose cut off.
- しかしスダッタが本当に金貨を敷き詰め始めたため、ジェータ太子は驚いて、そのまま土地を譲渡し更に自らも樹木を寄付して、寺院建設を援助した。
- On seeing Sudatta starting to spread gold coins, Prince Jeta was so surprised that he not only gave Sudatta the land, but also supported the construction of the temple by donating trees.
- 浄土真宗においては念仏を唱えることが信仰の表現であり、葬儀などの際の御布施は、仏法を聞く(聞法)の道場である寺を維持する為の財施である。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, chanting Nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) is deemed as the expression of faith and fuse to be paid on the occasion of funeral, and so on is a kind of donation for maintaining a temple, an exercise hall for listening to the teachings of Buddha (Monpo (listening to the teachings of Buddha)).
- 浄土真宗としての解釈は六曜はそもそも中国の習俗で、仏教とは一切関係の無い暦注である上に、日本に入ってから解釈が変わったものであるとする。
- According to Jodo Shinshu Sect's interpretation, Rokuyo (six days of the Buddhist calendar) is, in the first place, a Chinese divination which has nothing to do with Buddhism and its interpretation was altered after it was imported into Japan.
- これに対して新政府は明治5年(1872年)になって浄土宗の手前「浄土真宗」は認めないが、略称の「真宗」であれば認めるとする見解を出した。
- In response, in 1872, the Meiji government answered that, taking the Jodoshu sect into account, they would not allow the Jodo Shinshu sect to use the name 'Jodo Shinshu' but would allow them to use the abbreviation 'Shinshu.'
- 『宇野主水日記』によると、信長は1582年に安土の総見寺で徳川家康とともに梅若家の猿楽を鑑賞しており、自身も小鼓をたしなんだと言われる。
- According to 'Mondo UNO's Diary', in 1582, Nobunaga enjoyed watching UMEWAKA family's Sarugaku with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in Soken-ji Temple in Azuchi and he himself also liked playing the small hand drum.
- According to 'Uno Mondo Nikki,' Nobunaga, together with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, watched sarugaku performed by the Umewaka family at Soken-ji Temple in Azuchi in 1582 and it is said that he himself was fond of kotsuzumi (a Japanese traditional small hand drum).
- 遵西(じゅんさい、生年不詳 - 建永2年2月9日 (旧暦)(1207年3月9日))は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Junsai (year of birth unknown - March 16, 1207) was a priest of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism who lived from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period
- この書は、聖徳太子をはじめとして、皇族から僧・庶民にいたる計45人の極楽往生の伝記を載せ、保胤の浄土信仰に基づいて編纂されたものである。
- This document, a collection of memoirs of 45 persons who reached the celestial realm and became Buddha, including Prince Shotoku, Imperial family members, Buddhist monks, and laypersons, was compiled based on Yasutane's worship of the Pure Land.
- なお、日蓮宗不受不施派のように幕府から邪宗門として迫害された宗派や特定の藩において浄土真宗が禁じられた例(隠れ念仏を参照のこと)もある。
- There were examples in which sects like Nichiren shu Fujufuse ha (Nichiren sect's Not Receive and Not Give School) were persecuted as they were considered to be a heresy, or in which Jodo Shinshu was banned in certain domains (See Kakure Nenbutsu).
- この配分は、『預修十王生七経』のみならず、『灌頂随願往生十方浄土経』(略称として『灌頂経』)や『地蔵菩薩本願経』でも説かれるところである。
- These allocations are preached not only in 'Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra' but also in 'Kanjozuiganojojippo-jodo-kyo Sutra' (Also known as 'Kanjo-kyo Sutra' (sutra of Kanjo (a ceremony to be the successor)) for short) and 'Jizo bosatsu hongan-kyo Sutra' (The Sutra of Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha's Fundamental Vows).
- 顕智(けんち、嘉禄2年(1226年) - 延慶 (日本)3年7月4日 (旧暦)(1310年7月30日)?)は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Kenchi (1226 - July 30, 1310 ?) was a monk of the Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the mid Kamakura period.
- そして折り良く因果居士(いんがこじ)が安土に来ていたので、彼も審判に加えて、安土の町外れにある浄土宗の寺浄厳院の仏殿において宗論を行った。
- As a monk Ingakoji was staying in Azuchi at the time, Nobunaga added him as the judge and let them debate in the main hall of Jogon-in Temple, which was a Jodoshu sect temple located outside the town of Azuchi.
- 稲荷山古墳から出土した金錯銘鉄剣にはワカタケル(雄略天皇)に仕えた功績を記念して471年に作ったとの由来が115文字の漢字で刻まれている。
- The iron sword with a gold inscription excavated from Inariyama tumulus was made in 471 for commemorating the achievement working for Wakatakeru (Emperor Yuryaku) with 115 Chinese characters.
- 円如(えんにょ、延徳元年(1489年) - 永正18年8月20日_(旧暦)(1521年9月20日))は、戦国時代_(日本)の浄土真宗の僧侶。
- Ennyo (1489 - September 30, 1521) was a monk of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan).
- 娑婆世界に出世した釈迦仏は応身の仏とされ、浄土教の阿弥陀仏は、西方極楽浄土の法身から変えてこの娑婆世界に報身として衆生を迎えにきたとされる。
- The Shakyamuni Buddha who appeared in this corrupt world is regarded as Ojin Buddha and the Amida Buddha of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect is regarded as having changed himself from hojin in the Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) to hosshin (Dharma Body) to come to this corrupt world to welcome living things.
- 隠れ念仏(かくれねんぶつ)は、権力から禁止された浄土真宗(一向宗)の信仰を、権力の目から逃れて信仰すること、或いはそれを行う者や集団を指す。
- Kakure Nenbutsu (Hidden Buddhist Invocation) refers to the individuals or groups of people who secretly practiced or believed in the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) (Ikko Sect), which was banned by powerful rulers.
- これは極楽往生(ごくらくおうじょう)といわれ、往とは極楽浄土にゆく事、生とは、そこに化生(けしょう)する事で、浄土への化生は蓮華化生という。
- This is referred to as gokuraku ojo (peaceful death). whereby 'o' means to go to the Pure Land (of Amida Buddha), 'jo' means to kesho (be reborn) in that land and to be reincarnated in the Pure Land is referred to as Renge kesho.
- 24歳で浄土宗西山派の証空について浄土教学を修めるが得心せず、さらに26歳の時、大和国多武峯(とうのみね)に日本達磨宗の覚晏を訪ね禅を学ぶ。
- When he was 24 years old, he completed the study of teaching of Jodo Sect under the guidance of Shoku, a priest of the Seizan school of the Jodo Sect, but he was not persuaded and when he was 26 years old, he started to study Zen under the guidance of Kakuan, a priest of the Nihon Daruma Sect who resided at Tonomine in Yamato Province.
- やがて、全国を平定した江戸幕府即ち徳川将軍家は浄土宗を信仰しており、また三河一向一揆で苦しめられた経緯から一向宗を公式名称として用い続けた。
- The Edo bakufu (the family of the Tokugawa shogun, which controlled the country) were followers of the Jodoshu sect; the family had a hard time during the Ikko ikki uprising in Mikawa, and continued using 'the Ikkoshu sect' as the formal name.
- 一般に本殿よりも大きく建てられ、床を張るのが一般的であるが、建物の中央が吹き抜けの土間となっており、通り抜けることができる「割拝殿」もある。
- Haiden is typically built larger than honden and have raised floors of timber; in some cases, however, the center of the building has earthen floors with vaulted ceilings, a structure called wari-haiden, to allow people to pass through.
- 信空(しんくう、久安2年(1146年)- 安貞2年9月9日 (旧暦)(1228年10月8日))は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代前期の浄土宗の僧。
- Shinku (1146 - October 15, 1228) was a priest of the Jodo sect from the latter Heian period through the early Kamakura period.
- 当初は1198年(建久9年)法然が「選択本願念仏集」を著したとき、これを批判した「浄土決疑抄」を著したりしたが、後に念仏に帰依したとされる。
- In the earliest years, he wrote 'Jodo ketsugi-sho' (Deciding the Meaning of the Pure Land) in which he criticized Honen's 'Senchaku hongan nenbutsu shu' (Holy Writings of the Jodo Sect) which was written in 1198; but in later years, he is said to have devoted himself to nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation).
- 鳥羽殿の衰退とともに阿弥陀堂も衰えたが、浄土宗の僧長西(1184年~1228年)が復興し、1471年(文明 (日本)3年)現在の地に移された。
- Along with the aging Toba-dono Palace, Amida-do Hall also became decrepit, but it was restored by Chosai, a monk of the Jodo sect, during the years of 1184 through 1228, and was eventually moved to its present site in 1471.
- 彼は、浄土への往生を喜ぶだけでなく、将来は往生して浄土で仏となることが確約されている現在を現生正定聚(げんしょうしょうじょうじゅ)と説明した。
- For him, it was not just about the Jodo sects idea of dying a happy death but, it was explained that to die a future happy death in the Jodo sect was to confirm ones faith in Buddhism by achieving rebirth in the present (gensho).
- 更なる浄土教の発展を語る上で、良源(912年-985年)の弟子、源信(942年-1017年)が985年に著した『往生要集』は重要な意味を持つ。
- 'Ojoyoshu' (The Essentials of Salvation), written in 985 by Genshin (942 - 1017), a disciple of Ryogen (912 – 985) apprentice had an important part in the further development of the Jodo sect.
- そのような古い和讃に、良源作と伝えられる「本覚讃」、千観の作になる「極楽浄土弥陀和讃」、源信_(僧侶)の作「極楽六時讃」「来迎讃」などがある。
- Such old Wasan included 'Hongakusan' which is said to have been made by Ryogen, 'Gokurakujodo Mida wasan' made by Senkan (Dento Daihosshi), 'Gokuraku rokuji san' and 'Raigo san' made by Genshin (a monk).
- 日本では、この道宣と善導の臨終論を正面から受け止めて、浄土往生のための手引きにしようとしたのが、平安時代中期に登場した源信_(僧侶)であった。
- In Japan, Genshin (monk), who appeared during the mid-Heian period, took on the rinju theories proposed by Daoxuan and Shandaon squarely to use them as guides for attaining Jodo Ojo (Rebirth in the Pure Land).
- 他宗においては、線香は香炉の中に一本ないし三本立てるものであるが、浄土真宗においては香炉に収まるように適当な長さに折り、香炉の中に寝かせて置く。
- While one or three burning sticks are stood in koro (incense burner) in other sects, in Jodo Shinshu Sect, incense sticks are laid down in koro after being broken into a few pieces for which the length is suitable for the size of koro.
- また、智光が自らの僧房に、画工に描かせた浄土変相図(浄土曼荼羅)を掛けて極楽往生を念じた縁由により、元興寺 という呼称が用いられるようになった。
- Additionally, Chiko's own sobo (the priests' living quarters in a Buddhist temple) was called Gango-ji Temple, because he had hung Jodo Henso-zu (Jodo Mandala) which he had painters paint and prayed for the rebirth in Gokuraku-Jodo.
- しかし、浄土宗側ではどのような指示でも信長に従うと返答したが、法華宗側は勝つ見込みで奢っていたため承諾せず、ついに宗論をすることになってしまう。
- The Jodoshu sect answered that they would follow Nobunaga's command, but on the other hand, the Hokkeshu sect was arrogant enough to think that they would win the debate and did not accept Nobunaga's arbitration; therefore, the two sects were to engage in the debate.
- 末法においては称名念仏だけが相応の教えであり、聖道門を捨てて浄土門に帰すべきで、雑行を捨てて念仏の正行(しょうぎょう)に帰入すべきと説いている。
- The treatise states that, in the Age of the Final Dharma, invocation of the Buddha's name is the sole appropriate instruction, and that people should return to the jodo-mon (Gateway of the Pure Land) from the shodo-mon (Gateway of the Holy Path), throw away zogyo (miscellaneous practices), and devote themselves to shogyo (right practices) of Buddhist invocation.
- 浄土真宗本願寺派の紅楳英顕は「当流では他力の信心を獲るために、まず自力諸善を積まねばならないなどという説示はない」と親鸞会の主張に反論している。
- Eiken KOBAI of the Honganji school of the Jodo Shinshu Sect disagrees with Shinrankai's argument by saying that 'The school does not preach that people seek Jiriki Shozen in order to obtain the faith of other power'
- 浄土真宗においては、親鸞の「末法の衆生は、回向すべき善行を完遂(かんすい)しえない。」という自己反省によって、法を仰ぎ、法の力を受け取ろうとする。
- The Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land) sect follows Buddhism and tries to attain the power of Buddhism by self-questioning; 'mankind at the end of the world cannot accomplish good deeds for eko' preached by Shinran.
- 1968年には、当時の倉石忠雄農相が日本の軍備に触れ、「今の世界は他力本願では生きていけない」との意味の発言をして浄土真宗各派から抗議されている。
- In 1968, while Tadao KURAISHI, the Minster of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries at that time, was talking about Japanese armament, he said something like, 'In this modern world, we can not survive in the Tariki Hongan way,' and was subject to protests from various schools of the Jodo Shinshu sect of Buddhism.
- ただし、これらの宗派に秘仏が皆無というわけではなく、たとえば浄土宗大本山の増上寺(東京都港区)安国殿本尊の阿弥陀如来像(通称黒本尊)は秘仏である。
- But, this does not mean that no hibutsu are found within these temples: Zojo-ji Temple (Minato-ku Ward, Tokyo Prefecture), the main temple of the Jodo Sect, for example, treats the principal image of its Ankoku-den hall, the Amida Nyorai image (commonly known as Kuro-honzon) (literally, black principle image) as a hibutsu.
- 大谷光演(おおたに こうえん 1875年(明治8年)2月27日 - 1943年(昭和18年)2月6日)は、浄土真宗の僧で、真宗大谷派第23代法主。
- Koen OTANI (February 27, 1875 - February 6, 1943) was a Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) monk who was the 23rd Hossu (head priest) of the Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu.
- 阿弥陀如来の定印は密教では法界定印とされるが、浄土教などでの場合は同じように両手を重ねて親指と人差し指(または中指、薬指)で輪をつくるものもある。
- According to Esoteric Buddhism, Jo-in assumed by Amida Nyorai is supposed to be Hokkaijo-in; however, a variation formed by both hands placed together in the same manner and the thumbs and the forefingers (or otherwise, the middle or annular fingers) forming a circle may be assumed by Amida Nyorai of the Jodo Sect, and so on.
- 次に、曼荼羅の内容から区分すると、密教系では、根本となる両界曼荼羅の他に別尊曼荼羅があり、密教以外では浄土曼荼羅、垂迹曼荼羅、宮曼荼羅などがある。
- According to the classification of mandala works based on contents, there exist Besson mandala (mandala of individual deities) in Esoteric Buddhism besides Ryokai Mandala (mandala of the two realms) that are the basis, and there are Jodo Mandala, Suijaku Mandala and Miya Mandala (literally Shrine Mandala) in other sects than Esoteric Buddhism.
- 日重(にちじゅう、天文 (元号)18年(1549年) - 元和 (日本)9年(1623年))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
- Nichiju (1549 to 1623) was a Nichiren sect priest from the Azuchi-momoyama to the early the Edo period.
- 浄音(じょうおん、建仁元年(1201年) - 文永8年5月22日 (旧暦)(1271年6月30日))は、鎌倉時代前期から中期にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Joon (1201 - July 7, 1271) was a priest of the Jodo Sect from the early to the middle of the Kamakura period.
- 現代に連なる、体を成したものとしての阿弥陀信仰は、大乗仏教の菩薩思想と関連して易行としての称名念仏を説く浄土教が中国で成立してきたのが最初である。
- The first example of Amida worship that is traceable to modern times was when the Jodo Sect was established in China, which teaches Shomyo Nenbutsu (Invocation of the Buddha's Name) as easy progress associated with Bosatsu belief of Mahayana Buddhism.
- ところが時代が降るにつれて一向の教えが同じ踊り念仏の一遍の教えと混同され、更に親鸞の起こした浄土真宗とも混ざり合うという現象が見られるようになる。
- As time passed, however, the teachings of Ikko Shunsho became mixed up with the teachings of Odorinenbutsu which Ippen had established, and these teachings became further confused with the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran.
- 日真(にっしん、永禄8年(1565年)- 寛永3年4月22日 (旧暦)(1626年5月17日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
- Nisshin (1565 - May 17, 1626) was a monk of the Nichiren Sect of Buddhism from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the Edo period.
- 〔尚、上記 加筆に用いた資料として、研究者には客観性に乏しい教団サイドの出版物は一切無視し、郷土史誌、市・町史、公文書館等史料に基く補筆に努めた。〕
- (The materials being used to collect above information were not from publications of religious groups who didn't have objective materials for researchers, but instead the information came from the chronicle of a local history book, as the history of the city and town, being part of the materials of the library of official documents.)
- 阿弥陀堂は、「浄土三部経」の『仏説観無量寿経』や『仏説阿弥陀経』に書かれている荘厳華麗な極楽浄土を表現し、外観は極楽の阿弥陀如来の宮殿を模している。
- The Amitabha-do expresses the sublime and fancy Gokuraku Jodo written in 'Bussetsu Kan Muryoju-kyo Sutra' and 'Bussetsu Amida-kyo Sutra' of the 'Jodo Sanbu-kyo' (the three main sutras of the Jodo (Pure Land) Sect) and the exterior is said to emulate the heavenly palace of Amida Nyorai.
- 弥生時代時代に入ると狩猟生活から稲作へと人々の生活が変化、それに伴い土地や水源確保のため領地争いが盛んになり、戦いの場で弓矢も武器として使用される。
- In the Yayoi Period life changed from hunting and gathering to rice farming, which led to many problems on lands in order to getting field and water, so the bow and arrow developed into weapons on the battlefield.
- 世親が『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈』(『浄土論』・『往生論』)に、世尊我一心 帰命尽十方 無礙光如来 願生安楽国と著し、自己の信念を表したことに基づく。
- It is based on a writing in 'Muryojukyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge' (Verses on the Aspiration to Be Born in Pure Land) (also known as 'Jodoron' (A Treatise on the Pure Land Sutra), 'Ojoron' (A Treatise on Reborn)) by Seshin, that he had told Shaka he would devote himself, from bottom of his heart, to Amida Nyorai, so he wished to be in the Pure Land, showing his belief.
- 蒲庵 古渓(ほあん こけい、天文 (元号)元年(1532年) - 慶長2年1月17日 (旧暦)(1597年3月5日))は、安土桃山時代の臨済宗の僧。
- Kokei HOAN (1532 - March 5, 1597) was a Rinzai Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 木食応其(もくじきおうご、天文 (元号)5年(1536年)- 慶長13年10月1日 (旧暦)(1608年11月8日))は、安土桃山時代の真言宗の僧。
- Mokujiki Ogo (1536 - November 8, 1608) was a priest of the Shingon sect during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 還相とは、かの土に生じをはりて、奢摩他・毘婆舎那・方便力成就することを得て、生死の稠林に回入して、一切衆生を教化して、ともに仏道に向かへしむるなり。
- Instructions on virtue for returning to this world teaches that after being born in the pure land and completing the requirements for samatha and vipasyana, attaining the power of compassion, one can return and enter the deep forests of birth-and-death, teach and guide sentient beings, and bring together all who enter the Buddha-wayr.
- この寺は、1201年(正治3年)九条道家の開基、証空(西山浄土宗の祖)の開山により現在の京都市東山区本町十九丁目(東福寺近辺)に創建されたのに始まる。
- This temple was founded by Shoku (the founder of the Seizan Jodo sect) sponsored by Michiie KUJO in 1201 at present Honmachi 19-chome, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City (around the Tofuku-ji Temple).
- 原文…設我得佛 他方國土 諸菩薩衆 聞我名字 皆悉逮得 清淨解脱三昧 住是三昧 一發意頃 供養無量 不可思議 諸佛世尊 而不失定意 若不爾者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, the Bodhisattvas in the lands of the other quarters who hear my name should not attain the samadhi as referred to as 'pure emancipation' and, while dwelling therein, without losing concentration, should be unable to make offerings at once to immeasurable and inconceivable Buddhas, and the World Honored One, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 称念(しょうねん、永正10年(1513年) - 天文 (元号)23年7月19日 (旧暦)(1554年8月17日))は、戦国時代 (日本)の浄土宗の僧。
- Shonen (1513 - August 27, 1554) was a Buddhist monk of the Jodo Sect in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan).
- これは、この世で死者となった瞬間に仏として極楽浄土に生まれる(往生即成仏)とされているため、霊魂として現世でさまよう様なことはないと考えるためである。
- This is because according to the teachings of Jodo Shinshu Sect, the dead immediately reincarnate as Buddha in the Pure Land (going to heaven and immediately becoming a Buddha) and therefore, they never wander in this world as souls.
- しかしながら、浄土真宗において位牌を使用するのは、七七日法要(四十九日法要・満中陰法要)までの間に使用する白木の位牌のみであり、これに法名を記載する。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, however, plain wood ihai is used only up to a Buddhist memorial service of Nanananoka (Shijukunichi memorial service or memorial service of Manchuin (full chuin)) and homyo is written on it.
- 更に末法では現世における救済の可能性が否定されるので、死後の極楽浄土への往生を求める風潮が高まり、その救いを阿弥陀如来に求める浄土信仰が盛んとなった。
- In addition, Mappo negated the possibility of being saved in this life and the trend for wishing for attainment of heaven or Jodo upon death was growing and this led to the growth of the Jodo belief which worshipped the Amida Nyorai as its saviour.
- 鎬地の焼場土を厚くすることで、焼き入れでの急冷時に刃側はすばやく冷やされ十分に焼きが入り、棟の側は比較的緩慢に冷えるために焼きはそれほど入らなくなる。
- By using thicker concentration of Yakiba-tsuchi soil, for quenching, on the Shinogichi (ridge line), when cooling rapidly by Yaki-ire, the blade side is quickly cooled and quenched completely, and the Mune side is cooled relatively slowly and not fully quenched.
- 快川 紹喜(かいせん じょうき、生年不詳 - 天正10年4月3日 (旧暦)(1582年4月25日))は、戦国時代 (日本)、安土桃山時代の臨済宗の僧。
- Kaisen Joki (year of birth unknown - April 25, 1582) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect of Buddhism from the Warring States period and the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
- 浄土曼荼羅(当麻曼荼羅、智光曼荼羅など)のように曼荼羅と称されることもあるが、変相図は密教において教義に基づき整然と描かれた曼荼羅とは異なるものである。
- It is occasionally referred to as Mandara, such as Jodo Mandara (for example, Taima mandara and Chiko mandara), but it is actually different from the mandara that is systematically described based on the dogma in Esoteric Buddhism.
- これに反して聖道門の人々は、この浄土を報土とみる人々は凡夫の往生を認めないし、凡夫も往生できるとする人々は、これを報土と認めないで応化土と説くのである。
- Contrastingly, people in Shodo-mon (Gateway of the Holy Path) who see this Jodo as a Hodo do not accept the presence of common people in this land, and people in Shodo-mon who accept the entry of common people to this Jodo preach this land as Kedo.
- 浄土への往生(往相)も、阿弥陀仏の本願力によるのであって、阿弥陀仏がたてて完成した万徳具備の南無阿弥陀仏のはたらきによるとして、名号を回向されるという。
- Going to the Pure Land is also done by Amida Buddha's honganriki, and myogo (name of the Buddha) will have eko by the attainment of Namu Amidabutsu (a single, sincere call upon the name of Amida) fulfilling all the virtues, completed by Amida Buddha.
- 『釈日本紀』内の『備後国風土記』逸文には武塔天神の太子として登場し、牛頭天皇と表記され、八大竜王の一、沙竭羅竜王の女を妃として8人の王子を生んだという。
- According to the extant 'Bingonokuni Fudoki (ancient records of culture and geography of Bingo Province)' included in 'Shaku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japanese History),' he was a prince of Buto Tenjin, his name was written as Gozu Tenno, he married a daughter of Shakara Ryuo, one of the Hachidai Ryuo (Eight Dragons) and he had eight princes.
- 蓮教(れんきょう、宝徳3年(1451年) - 明応元年5月2日 (旧暦)(1492年5月27日))は、戦国時代 (日本)の浄土真宗(真宗興正寺派)の僧。
- Renkyo (1451 - July 5, 1492) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) (the Koshoji School of Jodo Shinshu Sect) in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan).
- 浄土真宗における先祖の供養は、日常は朝夕に阿弥陀如来に対し合掌礼拝・称名念仏し、教えを説いてくだっさた宗祖親鸞聖人・七高僧などへの報恩謝徳の勤行をする。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, devotional exercises every morning and evening, in which monto worship Amida Nyorai while putting the palms of the hands together, chanting nenbutsu and invocating the name of Buddha and thanking the holy priest Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu Sect, as well as Seven masters of Jodo Shinshu Sect for their efforts in preaching the teachings of Buddha, are deemed as memorial services for the ancestors.
- この質問に混乱した法華側が1~4のどの妙の話なのかと問い返したところ、浄土側は嘘に嘘を重ねて法華の妙だと回答したので、法華側が思考停止に陥ってしまった。
- When the confused Hokkeshu sect monks asked which of the first to the fourth Myo the Jodoshu sect monks were talking about, the Jodoshu sect monks further lied in their answer that they talked about the Myo of the Hokke, which brought the thoughts of the Hokkeshu sect monks to a standstill.
- また阿弥陀如来の前世である法蔵菩薩が立願した48願のうち、第18願の「いかなる罪人・悪人でも阿弥陀を念ずれば西方十万億土の極楽浄土へ往生することができる。
- Also, Dharmakara Bodhisattva (Hozo Bosatsu in Japanese), who is believed to be the incarnation of Amida Buddha, takes 48 oaths, and in his eighteenth oath he promises to lead any sinner or criminal to be reborn in the Pure Land, which is tens of millions of miles away from this world, if only the sinner sincerely believes in Amida Buddha.
- 親鸞はこれから「南無阿弥陀仏」は衆生が浄土に往生する因であるから、名号のいわれである「まかせなさい。必ず救うぞという仏の呼び声」を聞信すべきであるという。
- Accordingly, Shinran said that because 'Namu amidabutsu' is the cause for mankind to go to the Pure Land, they must listen to and believe the origin of the myogo, 'the calling of the Buddha, saying, trust it and it will save you.'
- 古くは富士門流・日興門流・大石寺派と称し、浄土真宗にみられるような強固な単一組織はつくらなかったが、人的交流、学問的交流を通じ、ゆるやかに結びついていた。
- In old days they called themselves Fujimon School, Nikkomon School, and Taiseki-ji School, and even though they did not form a strong unified organization like that seen in the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), they were connected loosely through personal and academic exchanges.
- 当麻曼荼羅が、観無量寿経に基づいて画面を4分割する複雑な画面構成をとるのに対して、智光曼荼羅は極めてシンプルな浄土図のみの図様をとっているのが特徴である。
- While the Taima Mandara has the complex composition formed of four sections based on Kanmuryoju-kyo (one of the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism), Chiko Mandala has the extremly simple design representing only Jodo (Pure Land).
- 浄土宗側は、黒染めの衣で、質素ないでたち、関東の霊誉と、安土田中の西光寺の聖誉・貞安(せいよていあん)、信誉洞庫、知恩院助念の4人が筆記用具を持って登場。
- From the Jodoshu sect, four monks in simple black robes, Reiyo from the Kanto region, Seiyo Teian from Saiko-ji Temple in Azuchitanaka, Shinyo Doko, and Chionin Jonen appeared with writing tools.
- 加熱した刀身を水などで急激に冷やす「焼き入れ」の準備として、平地用、刃紋用(刃文用)、鎬地用の3種類の焼場土(やきばつち)を刀身に盛る「土置き」を行なう。
- As preparation for 'Yaki-ire (quenching)' to rapidly cool the heated blade with water or other liquid, 'Tsuchioki (soil coating)' where three types of Yakiba-tsuchi soil (soil used for quenching) are applied to the Hirachi (blade), Hamon (blade pattern) and Shinogichi (ridge line) are done.
- 道隠(どういん、寛保元年(1741年) - 文化 (元号)10年6月4日 (旧暦)(1813年7月1日))は、江戸時代中期から後期にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Doin (1741 - July 1, 1813) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the middle to late Edo period.
- 『三教指帰』の序文には、空海が阿波国の大瀧岳や土佐国の室戸岬などで求聞持法を修ましたこと、明けの明星が来影するという形で行が成就したこと、が記されている。
- In the preface of 'Sango shiiki,' it is written that Kukai practiced Gumonji-ho in Mt. Dairyo-dake in Awa Province and at Muroto-misaki Cape in the Tosa Province, and that light from the morning bright star hit him showing that the practice was completed.
- 蓮乗(れんじょう、文安3年(1446年)-永正元年2月21日 (旧暦)(1504年3月7日))は、室町時代中期から戦国時代_(日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Renjo (1446 - March 17, 1504) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the middle of Muromachi period and up to the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan).
- 仏教経典を書写する写経は国家仏教中心の奈良時代には官営事業として行われていたが、平安時代には浄土思想が普及し、個人的な祈願成就を目的に行われるようになった。
- During the Nara period when Buddhist deities were believed to protect the nation, Buddhist scriptures were copied as a national project, but by the Heian period when Jodo-shiso (Pure Land Buddhism) prevailed, they were copied by individuals who wished for their prayers to be fulfilled.
- 土佐坊 昌俊(とさのぼう しょうしゅん、康治2年(1143年) - 文治元年10月26日 (旧暦)(1185年11月19日))は、平安時代末期の武将・僧侶。
- Shoshun TOSANOBO (1143 - November 26, 1185) was busho (Japanese military commander) as well as a Buddhist priest in the last Heian period.
- 隆寛(りゅうかん、久安4年(1148年) - 安貞元年12月13日 (旧暦)(1228年1月21日))は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代前期にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Ryukan (1148 - January 21, 1228) was a Jodo sect priest from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period.
- 日乾(にっけん、永禄3年(1560年) - 寛永12年10月27日 (旧暦)(1635年12月6日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
- Nikken (1560 - December 6, 1635) was a Buddhist monk of Nichiren Sect in the Azuchi-momoyama period to the early Edo period.
- 輪王寺宮は翌寛政元年(1789年)に「3万日」間寛永寺でこの問題を預かりその後に改めて議論するという仲裁案が出されて浄土真宗側もこれに従わざるを得なかった。
- The following year, 1789, Rinnojinomiya suggested that Kanei-ji Temple hold the matter for '30,000 days,' after which time they should discuss the matter again, and the Jodo Shinshu sect had to obey the mediation.
- 臨終の時に大乗十二部経の経題を聞いて、1000劫の極重悪業を除き、また阿弥陀の名号を唱えると50億劫の生死の罪業を滅除し、化仏の来迎を受けて浄土へ往生する。
- At the time of death, they listen to Kyodai (title of Buddhist scriptures) of Mahayana Buddhism Junibu-kyo (the Twelve Divisions of Scriptures) to expiate their 1000 heinous crimes and call upon myogo (name) of Amida to be granted pardon for their 500 million atrocious crimes, and then, meet Kebutsu (incarnation of Buddha) and go to the Pure Land.
- 1204年(元久元年)天台宗の浄土門に対する弾圧に関し、法然が示した「七箇条制戒」に執筆をつとめ、法然が流罪となっている間は京都における教団維持に尽力した。
- In 1204, resulting from the suppression of the Jodo sect by the Tendai sect, he endeavored to write 'Shichikajo Seikai' (The Seven Articles of Religious Commandments) as shown by Honen, and when Honen was banished he strived to maintain the Jodo sect in Kyoto.
- その後、浄土教を民間に布教するため、1072年(延久4年)に禅林寺に戻りそこに住し、人々に念仏を勧め、寺内に「薬王院」を設け、病人救済などの事業を行なった。
- Then, he returned to Zenrin-ji Temple in 1072 to promulgate Jodo sect and encouraged followers to practice the nenbutsu, and established 'Yakuo-in' on the grounds of the temple which performed public services caring for the ill and so on.
- 智洞(ちどう、元文元年(1736年)- 文化 (元号)2年10月22日 (旧暦)(1805年12月12日))は、江戸時代中期から後期にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Chido (1736-December 12, 1805) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) from the mid to the late Edo period.
- 順如(じゅんにょ、嘉吉2年(1442年) - 文明_(日本)15年5月29日 (旧暦)(1483年7月4日))は、室町時代中期から後期にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Junnyo (1442 - July 13, 1483) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the middle to late Muromachi period.
- この報土にどうして凡夫の往生が許されるかについては、善導は、凡夫の往生が許されるのは、凡夫も仏厳に乗托するからで、仏願に乗托して凡夫の往生が認められるという。
- As for the reason common people can make ojo (enter Gokuraku), Shandao said that since common people believe in the oath of Buddha, the ojo of the common people is accepted by that oath of Buddha.
- 准如(じゅんにょ、1577年8月3日(天正5年7月9日 (旧暦)) - 1631年1月2日(寛永8年11月30日 (旧暦)))は安土桃山時代、江戸時代の人物。
- Junnyo (August 3, 1577 - January 21, 1632) was an individual from the Azuchi-Momoyama period and Edo period.
- 各寺院所蔵の本尊のうち、枕経・通夜・葬儀の際に掲げられる「導師本尊」は、故人を霊山浄土へ導くとされる即身成仏のための本尊で、「即身成仏の御本尊」ともいわれる。
- The Honzon kept at each temple and displayed at Makura-kyo, wakes, and funerals are 'Doshi Honzon' and is a Honzon for guiding the deceased to Ryozen Jodo for sokushin-joubutsu, and is also called the 'Sokushin-Jobutsu no gohonzon.'
- しかし、これは当時、京都を中心に勢力を伸ばし他宗と衝突を繰り返していた日蓮宗を抑制するために、織田信長が仕掛けたとされ、信長は浄土宗側に加担したともいわれる。
- It is said that Nobunaga ODA engineered the debate to suppress the Nichirenshu sect, which started repeated conflicts with other sects, extending its influence centering around Kyoto in those days, and that Nobunaga supported the Jodoshu sect.
- 浄土宗 開祖は円光大師「法然」(源空・黒谷上人・吉水上人とも)、本山は華頂山知恩院・報国山光明寺 (長岡京市)(粟生光明寺)・聖衆来迎山禅林寺 (京都市)ほか
- Jodo sect: founded by Enko Daishi 'Honen' (also called Genku, Kurodani Shonin and Yoshimizu Shonin), head temples include Chionin Temple on Mt. Kacho, Komyo-ji Temple on Mt. Hokoku (Nagaokakyo City), also known as Awafu Komyo-ji Temple, and Zenrin-ji Temple on Mt. Shojuraigo (Kyoto City).
- 東北地方の「鷹使い」の起源は明らかでなく、幕末以前に遡る見方もあるが、用具とその名称に共通・類似するものがあることから、武士の鷹狩が土着化したものと見られる。
- The origin of 'hawker' in the Tohoku Region is not clear, although some people guess that it started before the Meiji Period, and it seems that Taka-gari practiced by warriors was indigenized because both have common or similar equipment and names.
- こちらはエンザロ・ジコのような石組みに土を塗る方式以外にも煉瓦を利用している地域もあるようで、従来からある煉瓦を流用した簡易炉を竈風に組み直す活動も見られる。
- In some areas, people use brick as well as spreading mud on a stone frame like in Enzaro Jiko, and there seems to be some examples of retrofitting existing simple fireplaces to use as kamado.
- 真仏(しんぶつ、承元3年2月10日 (旧暦)(1209年3月17日) - 正嘉2年3月8日 (旧暦)(1258年4月13日))は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Shinbutsu (March 17, 1209 - April 13, 1258) was a Pure Land Sect Buddhist priest in the mid-Kamakura period.
- 似雲(じうん、寛文13年1月2日 (旧暦)(1673年2月18日)- 宝暦3年7月8日 (旧暦)(1753年8月6日))は、江戸時代中期の浄土真宗の僧・歌人。
- Jiun (February 18, 1673 – August 6, 1753) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land sect of Buddhism) and a poet.
- しかし浄土真宗においては、阿弥陀如来に帰依して(他力本願)亡くなった者は速やかに極楽浄土(阿弥陀如来の仏国土)に往き仏として生まれる(往生即成仏)とされている。
- In Jodo Shinshu Sect, however, it is believed that a person who died while having faith in Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) (Tarikihongan (salvation through the benevolence of Buddha)) is able to go immediately to the Pure Land (land where Amida Nyorai resided) and reincarnate as a Buddha (Ojo soku Jobutsu (going to heaven and immediately becoming a Buddha)).
- 仏教が中国に渡り、当地の道教と習合していく過程で偽経の『閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経』(略して『預修十王生七経』)が作られ、晩唐の時期に十王信仰は成立した。
- After Buddhism was introduced into China, in the process of syncretization with Taoism, a gikyo (apocryphal scripture) was made called 'Enra-o Juki Shishu Gyakushu Sho Shichiojo Jodo-kyo Sutra' (閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経; for short, 'Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra' [Sutra of Jizo and the Ten Kings]), and Juo-shinko (10 Kings belief) was established in the late Tang period.
- 1232年(貞永元年)興正寺を源海に譲って下野国高田如来堂(のちの専修寺)を継ぎ、諸国をめぐって浄土教を広める一方、東北では当地で広まっていた異義を正している。
- In 1232, he gave Kosho-ji Temple to Genkai and became the chief priest of Nyorai-do Temple (latter-day Senju-ji Temple) in Takada, Shimotsuke Province; he also travelled around the country to preach Pure Land Buddhism while correcting the wrong teachings that had been spread throughout the Tohoku region.
- 見性院は夫一豊が慶長10年(1605年)秋に亡くなると、康豊に忠義を後見させて半年後には土佐を引き払い、拾のいる妙心寺近くに移り住んで余生をずっと京都で過ごした。
- When Kazutoyo died in the fall of 1605, Kenshoin made Yasutoyo the guardian of Tadayoshi, left Tosa in six months, resided near Myoshin-ji Temple where Hiroi lived, and spent the rest of her life in Kyoto.
- 主な引用先…善導:『観無量寿経疏』、源信 (僧侶)…『往生要集』、法然:『選択本願念仏集』、親鸞:『顕浄土真実教行証文類』、『愚禿鈔』、作者不詳:『安心決定鈔』。
- The above is quoted mainly from the following: 'Kammuryoju-kyosho (Kangyosho) (Commentary on the Meditation Sutra),' by Shandao; 'Ojoyoshu (Buddhism book),' by Genshin (a priest); 'Senchakuhongan nenbutsu shu,' by Honen; 'Kenjodo-shinjitsu-kyogyo shomonrui' and 'Gutoku-sho,' by Shinran, and 'Anjin Ketsujo Sho,' which is of unknown authorship.
- 『維摩経』には「その心浄きに随って、すなわち仏土浄し」といい、また『心地観経』には「心清浄なるが故に世界清浄なり、心雑穢(ぞうえ)なるが故に世界雑穢なり」とある。
- 'Yuimagyo' says 'following that spirit being pure, hence the land of Buddha is pure', and 'Shinjikan-gyo Sutra' also describes that 'Because the spirit is pure, the world becomes pure and because the spirit is impure, the world becomes impure.'
- 超然(ちょうねん、寛政4年12月23日 (旧暦)(1793年2月3日) - 慶応4年2月29日 (旧暦)(1868年3月22日))は、江戸時代後期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Chonen (February 3, 1793 - March 22, 1868) was a Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) priest in the late Edo period.
- 一向宗とは、親鸞の娘、覚信尼の孫である覚如(1270年-1351年)が礎を築き、8世の蓮如(1415年-1499年)が再興した浄土真宗系の本願寺教団の通名である。
- The Ikko Sect was the common name of the Hongan-ji Temple group of the Jodo Shinshu Sect and was started by Kakunyo (1270 - 1351), the grandchild of Shinran's daughter Kakushinni, and resurrected by the eighth chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple, Rennyo (1415 – 1499).
- 『往生要集』は、阿弥陀如来を観相する法と極楽浄土への往生の具体的な方法を論じた、念仏思想の基礎とも言える非常に実践的でわかりやすいでもので、広く庶民にも読まれた。
- 'Ojoyoshu' preached rules for seeing Amida Nyorai and specific methods for entering Jodo upon death, and was extremely easy to understand and practical and was considered the basis of nenbutsu thinking that was widely read by the ordinary public as well.
- 蓮綱(れんこう、宝徳2年(1450年)- 享禄4年10月18日 (旧暦)(1531年11月26日))は、室町時代中期から戦国時代_(日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Renko (1450 - December 6, 1531) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) from the mid Muromachi period to the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 良忠(りょうちゅう、正治元年7月27日 (旧暦)(1199年8月20日) - 弘安10年7月6日 (旧暦)(1287年8月16日))は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土宗の僧。
- Ryochu (August 20, 1199 - August 16, 1287) was a Jodo sect Buddhist monk during the middle of the Kamakura period.
- 五 地域における人々の生活又は生業及び当該地域の風土により形成された景観地で我が国民の生活又は生業の理解のため欠くことのできないもの(以下「文化的景観」という。)
- 5. The indispensables in order for our nationals to appreciate the life and livelihood of a local region (such as the scenes formed by the customs of the region that reflects the locals’ lives and livelihoods) (such indispensables being hereinafter referred to as cultural landscapes')
- のちには大名庭園においても一部用いられたが戦前には西洋から導入された抽象美学・芸術が日本の土着の抽象芸術を模索する姿勢をつくりだし、その視点から注目されていった。
- Later, this was partially used in gardens of feudal lords (daimyos), however, abstraction aesthetics and art introduced from the West during the prewar days produced a posture that gropes for the abstract native art of Japan, and attention was focused from this perspective.
- 浄土真宗の親鸞作の「三帖和讃」(浄土和讃・高僧和讃・正像末和讃)や、時宗の一遍作「別願讃」や他阿作「往生讃」などを含む「浄業(じょうごう)和讃」などが代表である。
- Famous Wasan were 'Sanjo wasan' (three Buddhist verses) (Jodo-wasan, Koso-wasan, Shozomatsu-wasan) made by Shinran, the founder of the Jodoshinshu sect (True Pure Land Sect Buddhism), 'Jogo Wasan' including 'Betsugan san' by Ippen of the Jishu sect and 'Ojo san' by Taa.
- 悪人正機(あくにんしょうき)は、浄土真宗の教義の中で重要な意味を持つ思想で、「悪人こそが阿弥陀如来の本願(他力本願)による救済の主正の根機である」という意味である。
- This thought is very meaningful in Jodoshinshu doctrine, meaning 'It is evil people who are the major object of salvation based on the Vow of Amida Nyorai (Primal Vow of Other Power).'
- 崇伝(すうでん、1569年(永禄12年) - 1633年2月28日(寛永10年1月20日 (旧暦)))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代の臨済宗の僧、幕府の政治家である。
- Suden (1569 - February 28, 1633) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect and a politician serving the Tokugawa shogunate from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the Edo period.
- 仏教が中国に渡り、当地の道教と習合していく過程で偽経の『閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経』(略称として『預修十王生七経』)が作られ、晩唐の時期に十王信仰は成立した。
- While Buddhism was fused with Chinese Taoism after being introduced to China, a pseudepigrapha 'Enra-o-juki Shishu Gyakushu Shoshichiojo Jodo-kyo Sutra' (Sutra of Jizo and the Ten Kings) (Also known as 'Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra' for short) was composed, with the result that the Juo-shinko was established at the end of the Tang period.
- 良如(りょうにょ、慶長17年12月7日 (旧暦)(1613年1月27日) - 寛文2年9月7日 (旧暦)(1662年10月18日))は、江戸時代前期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Ryonyo (January 27, 1613 - October 18, 1662) was a Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) priest in the early Edo period.
- また、この乱に関連して細川晴元によって山科本願寺を焼き討ちにされた際に孫である証如を置き去りにして、息子実恵 (浄土真宗)がいる願証寺に戻った事も非難の的になった。
- In connection with this war, Renjun was also condemned for having left his grandson Shonyo behind when Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple was burned down by Harumoto HOSOKAWA and having then returned to Gansho-ji Temple where his son Jichie (also known as Jitsue) (Jodo Shinshu sect) was.
- 農耕文化の発達(→農耕民族・農業)に伴う人の定住化とともに、次第に土と石を組み合わせるなどして炉も常設化・大型化していったが、その過程でこの竈になったと考えられる。
- The more people became permanently settled following the development of a culture based on agriculture (see the articles of Agricultural people or Farming) the larger and more permanent fireplaces became by combining mud and stones, and others, in the process of which the cooking furnace was formed.
- 島地黙雷(しまじ もくらい, 天保9年2月15日 (旧暦)(1838年3月10日) - 明治44年(1911年)2月3日)は、明治時代に活躍した浄土真宗本願寺派の僧。
- Mokurai SHIMAJI (March 10, 1838 - February 3, 1911) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) Hongan-ji school who actively worked in the Meiji period.
- 応仁の乱(1467年-1477年)の間は丹波国龍興寺に難を逃れたが、乱後は後土御門天皇の勅命を受け、細川勝元・細川政元の援助を受けて大徳寺・妙心寺・龍安寺を再興した。
- He escaped to Ryuko-ji Temple in Tanba Province during the Onin War (1467-1477), and received an Imperial order from the Emperor Gotsuchimikado after the war to revive Daitoku-ji Temple, Myoshin-ji Temple and Ryoan-ji Temple with support from Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Masamoto HOSOKAWA.
- 天海(てんかい、天文 (元号)5年(1536年)? - 寛永20年10月2日 (旧暦)(1643年11月13日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初期の天台宗の僧である。
- Tenkai (1536 to November 13, 1643) was a monk of Tendai Sect in the Azuchi-momoyama period to the early Edo period.
- 平安仏教が貴族仏教であったのにたいして、鎌倉新仏教はあらたに台頭してきた武士階級(特に臨済宗・曹洞宗)や一般庶民へと広がっていった(浄土宗・浄土真宗・時宗・日蓮宗)。
- Although Heian Bukkyo (Buddhism in the Heian period) had been for court nobles, Kamakura New Buddhism spread among newly rising samurai class (especially, the Rinzai sect and the Soto sect) and among the common people (especially, the Jodo sect, the Jodoshin sect, the Ji sect and the Nichiren sect).
- 日本の鵜飼いより100年ほど古い時代、5世紀ごろ行われたと思われる鵜飼いの様子を記した土器がペルーのチャンカイ谷より出土し、リマ市にある天野博物館に収蔵品されている。
- An earthenware with a description of Ukai, which was estimated to be around the 5th century, a hundred years earlier than the age of Ukai in Japan, was excavated from the Chancay Valley in Peru and housed in the Amano Museum in Lima City.
- 巧如(ぎょうにょ 1376年(天授 (日本)2年/永和 (日本)2年) - 1440年11月8日(永享12年10月14日 (旧暦)))は、浄土真宗の僧で、本願寺第6世。
- Gyonyo (1376 - November 8,1440) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and the sixth chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple.
- すなわち、極楽といい、それが西方十万億の仏土を過ぎて彼方にあるというが、衆生引接のためで、実は己心こそ浄土であり、阿弥陀仏とはいってもただ心に外ならないというのである。
- It is said to mean that Gokuraku exists in a billion Buddha-lands in the far west, but that is just a way to lead people, and actually the heart inside a person is the Jodo and Amida Buddha is the heart itself.
- 霊巌(れいがん、天文 (元号)23年4月8日 (旧暦)(1554年5月9日) - 寛永18年9月1日 (旧暦)(1641年10月15日))は、江戸時代前期の浄土宗の僧。
- Reigan (May 9, 1554 - October 15, 1641) was a priest of the Jodo sect of the early Edo period.
- 蓮悟(れんご、応仁2年(1468年)- 天文 (元号)12年7月16日 (旧暦)(1543年8月16日))は、室町時代中期から戦国時代 (日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Rengo (1468 - August 26, 1543) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) over the middle of the Muromachi period and the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 平安時代には最澄による天台宗、空海による真言宗の導入による密教の流行、末法思想・浄土信仰の隆盛などの契機を経験し、貴族層や都周辺の人々による仏教信仰は拡大しつつあった。
- In the Heian period, Esoteric Buddhism became popular in accordance with the introductions of the Tendai sect by Saicho and the Shingon sect by Kukai, and Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief) and Jodo-shinko (the Pure Land faith) were in full flourish, and as a result, more and more nobles and people around the capital came to believe in Buddhism.
- たとえば天平2年(730年)に建立された奈良・興福寺五重塔の初層には釈迦、阿弥陀、弥勒、薬師の浄土を表現した塑像群が安置されていたことが記録(興福寺流記)から知られる。
- For example, a record (the Kofukuji Ruki [Records of Kofuku-ji Temple]) shows that a group of sozo (a statue made from a wood core, coated with clay) that depicted the Pure Land of Shaka, Amida, Miroku and Yakushi were placed in the first layer of the five-storey pagoda of the Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara built in 730.
- また、一向宗とも呼ばれる(ただし、「一向宗」という言葉には浄土真宗と別宗派を指す用法もある)ように、彼らは信仰の下に団結していて、旧来の守護大名の勢力を逼迫していった。
- Moreover, under the name 'Ikko sect' (although 'Ikko sect' can also refer to sects other than the Jodo Shinshu sect) and united by faith, they reduced the power of the traditional shugo daimyo.
- 大含(だいがん、安永2年4月1日 (旧暦)(1773年5月21日)- 嘉永3年10月9日 (旧暦)(1850年11月12日))は、江戸時代後期の浄土真宗(大谷派)の僧。
- Daigan (May 21, 1773 - November 12, 1850) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) (Otani school) during the late Edo period.
- 大谷光尊(おおたにこうそん、嘉永3年2月4日 (旧暦)(1850年3月7日)-明治36年(1903年)1月18日は、幕末~明治時代前期の浄土真宗の僧、西本願寺21世法主。
- Koson OTANI (March 17, 1850 - January 18, 1903) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and the 21st hoshu (head priest) of the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple who lived from the end of the Edo period to the early part of the Meiji period.
- この莫大な費用からしてみてもだれでも旦那様になれるわけではなく必然的にその土地の財界人やトップクラスの企業の経営者などで多額の金銭をポケットマネーでまかなえる人物あった。
- Given these exorbitant costs, not everyone could become danna-sama and, as a necessity, a person who would become danna-sama has to be among the business leaders of the area or one of the top executives of major corporations who had a monetary means to be able to afford such large expenses.
- 「総讃」の2句に続く前半は、「依教段」と言われ『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』に依って明らかにされている、浄土往生の正因は信心であり、念仏は報恩行であることを説明し讃嘆している。
- The first half, which follows two phrases of 'Sosan,' is called 'Ekyodan' and states that the direct reason to be sent to the Pure Land is by people's faith; and that nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) is Hoongyo (act for repayment of kindness), which is defined based on 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo Sutra,' and praises it.
- 鎌倉時代には「騎射三物」と言われる、流鏑馬・犬追物・笠懸が武芸の一つとして、また行事ごとにおいて盛んに行われたが、室町時代・安土桃山時代と時代が進むにつれ一時的に衰退する。
- In the Kamakura Period 'Kisha-Mitsumono,' three archers riding horses, Inuou-mono, Kasagake, and Yabusame, were actively performed as one of the military arts or as a performance at events, but it declined temporarily in Azuchi-momoyama Period.
- 同法第2条第1項第1号には建造物らのものと「一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地その他の物件」が重要文化財指定の対象である「有形文化財」の概念に含まれることが明記された。
- In the first statement of Ordinance 2, Clause 1 of the same law, the concept that the building and 'the land or other construction that forms the value' is a 'tangible cultural property' that is eligible for designation as an important cultural property was included and clearly described.
- 誰でも構わず身を売ることは「不見転(みずてん)」として戒められたが、第二次世界大戦後までこうした不見転はほぼどこの土地でも見られ、置屋も積極的にこれを勧めることが多かった。
- Selling one's body indiscriminately to anyone was referred to as being 'loose' and was warned against but up until World War II, these 'loose' geisha were seen in everywhere and it was common for okiya to actively encourage this practice.
- たとえば、慧遠 (隋)の『大乗義章』では浄土を、事の浄土・相の浄土・真の浄土とわけ、『法華経』の安楽世界、『観無量寿経』の弥陀の浄土は劣なる事の浄土として、応土であるとする。
- For example, in 'Daijogisho' (The Principles of Mahayana), by Eon (Sui), Jodo is categorized into Koto no Jodo (Pure Land for cases), So no Jodo (Pure Land for phenomenon) and Shin no Jodo (Pure Land for faith), and it regards Anraku Sekai (world of Anraku) of 'Hokekyo' (Lotus Sutra) and Jodo of Amitabha in 'Kanmuryoju-kyo sutra' as lower Koto no Jodo, and also as Odo (response land).
- 主な引用先…親鸞:『教行信証』、『浄土文類聚鈔』、『愚禿鈔』、『浄土三経往生文類』、『一念多念文意』、『如来二種回向文』、『親鸞聖人御消息(善性本)』、蓮如:『正信偈大意』。
- The above is mainly quoted from 'Kyogyoshinsho,' 'Jodofumi ruishusho,' 'Gutoku-sho,' 'Passages (Concerning) Birth in the Pure Land in the Three Pure Land Sutras' (Jodo Sankyo Ojo Monrui),' 'Ichinentamen-moni,' 'Nyorai Nishu Eko-mon,' 'Shinran Shonin Onshosoku (Zensho book: Book of good nature)'by Shinran, and 'Shoshinge Taii (Shoshinge summary),' by Rennyo.
- 阿弥陀仏は、みずからの名号を称える者を浄土に往生せしめると本願に誓い、衆生の積むべき往生行の功徳のすべてを代って完成し、これを名号(南無阿弥陀仏)に収めて衆生に回向している。
- Amida Buddha made the Original Vow to lead those who honor its own myogo (name of the Buddha) to the Pure Land, and completed all the merits for going to the heaven, which mankind must pursue, on their behalf, as included in the myogo (Namu amidabutsu) for eko (Buddhist thoughts of outgoing and returning) for mankind.
- 「聖道門」を廃し、浄土宗の独立を宣言し、そのよりどころを三経一論(「浄土三部経」と『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈』)と定め、それが、曇鸞・道綽・善導などの師資相承によることを示す。
- It abolishes the 'Shodo-mon,' declares the independence of the Jodo Sect, designates three sutras and a thesis ('Jodo Sanbu-kyo' [The Three Pure Land Sutras] and 'Muryoju-kyo ubataisha ganshoge') as their basis, and demonstrates that these concepts were instructed generation-to-generation from master to disciple by Donran, Tao-cho, Shandao and other masters.
- さらに排他的秘密主義のために、その儀式は土俗化しており全貌はいまだに明らかではないが、五木寛之によると、最近では少しずつその秘密儀式の一部などを公開する動きも出ているという。
- In addition, the sects are exclusive and secretive, so the whole picture of the localized rituals is still covered in a veil, but Hiroyuki ITSUKI says that some of the secretive rituals and others have begun to be made public little by little in recent days.
- 伝承によれば、治承寿永の戦いに敗れた平氏一族が五家荘(八代市)に定着したので、鎌倉幕府は梶原氏や土肥氏など東国の武士を送って隣の五木村に住まわせ、平氏の動向を監視させたという。
- According to folklore, the Taira clan, which was defeated in Jisho-Juei no ran (Jisho-Juei War), settled in Gokanosho (Yatsushiro-City), and the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) sent samurai warriors such as Kajiwara clan and Dohi clan to the next village, Itsuki Mura, to live there as a means of keeping tabs on the activities of the Taira clan.
- 文英清韓(ぶんえいせいかん、永禄11年(1568年) - 元和 (日本)7年3月25日 (旧暦)(1621年5月16日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初期にかけての臨済宗の僧。
- Bunei-seikan (1568 - May 16, 1621) was a priest of the Rinzai sect from the Azuchi-momoyama to early Edo periods.
- 袋中(たいちゅう、天文 (元号)21年1月29日 (旧暦)(1552年2月23日) - 寛永16年1月21日 (旧暦)(1639年2月23日))は、江戸時代前期の浄土宗の学僧。
- Taichu (February 23, 1552 - February 23, 1639) was a Jodo sect priest in the early Edo period.
- これは『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』にある「一向専念無量寿仏」から、阿弥陀仏の名号を称えることと解釈され、そこから「一向宗」が他の宗派より親鸞を開祖とする浄土真宗を指す呼称となった。
- Since it was described 'Ikko Sennen Muryo Jubutsu' (一向専念無量寿仏) in the sutra 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo' (無量寿経仏説無量寿経), '一向' Ikko was understood as chanting of the Amitabha's name, from which '一向宗' became a designation used by other sects to refer to the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran.
- 「今度の宗論に勝ったら、一生不自由しないようにしてやろうと法華宗から堅い約束をされ、金品を受け取って、役所にも届を出さずに安土に来たことは、日ごろの言い分に反し、不届きである」
- Nobunaga said 'You came here under agreement with the sect that if you make the Hokkeshu sect win the debate, the sect would make you live in comfort, and in exchange for money in kind, you entered the town of Azuchi without notifying the public office; you did such an illegal thing in contrast with your daily claims.'
- 景轍玄蘇(けいてつげんそ、天文 (元号)6年(1537年)- 慶長16年10月22日 (旧暦)(1611年11月26日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初期にかけての臨済宗の僧。
- Keitetsu Genso (1537 - November 26, 1611) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period.
- 弁長(べんちょう、応保2年5月6日 (旧暦)(1162年6月20日) - 嘉禎4年2月29日 (旧暦)(1238年3月16日))は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Bencho (June 27, 1162 - March 23, 1238) was a Buddhist monk in the Jodo Sect from the late Heian period to the Kamakura period.
- 法然の浄土宗を批判した『摧邪輪(ざいじゃりん)』『四座講式』の著作や、40年にも及ぶ観行での夢想を記録した『夢記』などがあり、弟子の筆記による『却廃忘記』など数多くの著書がある。
- He left many writings including 'Zaijarin' (A Wheel for Pulverizing Heresy) and 'Shizakoshiki' (a chant composed of four formulas), both of which criticized Honen's Jodo Sect, 'Yumeki,' which recorded dreams which he had during his 40 years' kangyo, and 'Kyakuhaiboki,' which was taken in notes by his disciples.
- 日奥(にちおう、1565年7月5日(永禄8年6月8日 (旧暦)) - 1630年4月22日(寛永7年3月10日 (旧暦)))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
- Nichio (July 5, 1565 - April 22, 1630) was a Nichiren sect priest from the Azuchi-momoyama to the early Edo period.
- 「法隆寺金堂の壁画」といえば、金堂外陣(げじん)の土壁に描かれていた12面の壁画を指すことが多いが、これらの他に内陣小壁の飛天の壁画20面と、外陣小壁の山中羅漢図18面があった。
- The murals in the Kondo of Horyu-ji Temple' often refers to the 12 murals on the mud walls of the Kondo gejin (part of the main sanctuary outside the innermost sanctum of a shrine), however, there were additional murals as follows: 20 murals of Hiten (a flying Apsaras, a flying Buddhist angel playing music) on kokabe (the wall between the kamoi [a generic term for a head jamb, normally have tracks for sliding doors or partitions] and the ceiling) of the naijin (inner sanctuary of a shrine or temple), and 18 murals of Sanchu Rakan zu (painting of Arhat in mountain) on the kokabe of the gejin.
- 蹴鞠競技はその後、中国本土では次第に廃れていき、宋 (王朝)代にはチーム対抗の競技としての側面が薄れて一人または集団で地面に落とさないようにボールを蹴る技を披露する遊びとなった。
- Subsequently the kemari game in mainland China gradually became phased out, in the Song Dynasty, team competitions were few, and it became a one-man play or group play in which the ball was kicked to keep the ball from falling to the ground.
- しかし、全ての曼荼羅がそのような抽象的な空間を表わしているのではなく、浄土曼荼羅には三次元的な空間が表現されているし、神道系の曼荼羅には、現実の神社境内の風景を表現したものも多い。
- However, all mandala works are not necessarily works that express such abstract space since Jodo mandala works express three dimensional space and many of the Shinto Religion mandala works express real scenery from the shrines' holy precinct.
- この娑婆(しゃば)世界を穢(けが)れた国土(穢国)として、厭い離れるという意味であり、阿弥陀仏(あみだぶつ)の極楽世界は清浄な国土であるから、そこへの往生を切望するという意味である。
- It means to evade and leave this corrupt world as the unclean land (the defiled world), and to yearn to go to the paradise of Amida Buddha because it is the pure land.
- これは、他宗派においては、香を仏・法・僧の三者に供えると考えることに対し、浄土真宗では、仏の前に立つ者のマナーとして自分のにおいを清らかなものにするために香をたくと考えるためである。
- The background of the above difference is that while other sects consider that incense is offered to three of Butsu, Ho and So (Buddha, doctrine and monks), Jodo Shinshu Sect considers that the purpose of burning incense is to purify one's own smell as etiquette required for a person who stands in front of Buddha.
- 「後日、宗論に負けたとは多分言うまい」、そして「宗門を変更して浄土宗の弟子になるか、さもなくば、この度宗論に負けた以上は今後は他宗を誹謗しない、との誓約書を出すがよい」と申し渡した。
- You will never admit that the Hokkeshu sect lost the debate,' and Nobunaga commanded them 'Change your sect and become disciples of the Jodoshu sect, or, submit a written pledge that you will never slander the other sects, as you lost the debate.'
- 南浦文之(なんぽぶんし、弘治 (日本)元年(1555年) - 元和 (日本)6年9月30日 (旧暦)(1620年10月25日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての臨済宗の僧。
- Bunshi NANPO (1555 - October 25, 1620) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period.
- 世親は、「礼拝、讃歎、観察、作願、回向」と五念門を説き、往生浄土のための行の中、自ら修めた諸功徳をすべての衆生に回向して、ともに浄土に往生して仏となることを重要な項目としてあげている。
- Seshin preached Gonenmon (Five Practice-Gates of Mindfulness), which are 'raihai (pray), sandan (praise Buddha's virtues), kansatsu (observe), sagan (make a vow), and eko,' and cited going to the Pure Land to become Buddha together by having eko to all mankind with the various merits pursued as an important point.
- 証如(しょうにょ、1516年12月13日(永正13年11月20日 (旧暦)) - 1554年9月9日(天文 (元号)23年8月13日 (旧暦)))は、戦国時代_(日本)の浄土真宗の僧。
- Shonyo (December 23, 1516 - September 19, 1554) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 書名は、その内容が親鸞滅後の浄土真宗の教団内に湧き上がった異議異端を嘆いたものであり、序文冒頭に「歎異先師口傳之眞信」(先師の口伝の真信に異なることを歎き)とあることからこう呼ばれる。
- The title of this book originated from that the writer had written his grief about difficulties and division arose in the Jodo-shin sect after Shiran's death, and he had written also in the opening of the preface as 'grieving over the difference from the truth of his master's kuden (oral instruction).'
- 来迎(らいごう)とは、仏教中の浄土教において、彩雲に乗った阿弥陀如来が、臨終に際した往生者を極楽浄土に迎える為に、観音菩薩・勢至菩薩を脇侍に従え、諸菩薩や天人を引き連れてやってくること。
- In the Jodo (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism, Raigo means Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata), who is riding on the colorful clouds together with various bosatsu and tennin (heavenly beings), coming to see a person who is about to die in order to take him or her to the heavens, and who is served by Kannon Bosatsu (Kannon Buddhisattva) and Seishi Bosatsu on the side.
- 『華厳経』・『法華経』を正依とし、『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』・『観無量寿経』・『阿弥陀経』を傍依として、「1人の念仏が万人の念仏に通じる」という立場から、口称の念仏で浄土に生まれると説く。
- Its main sutras (正依) are 'Kegon-kyo Sutra'(Avatamska Sutra) and 'Hoke-kyo Sutra' (Lotus Sutra) and minor sutras (傍依) are 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo Sutra'(Sutra of Infinite Life) and 'Kanmuryoju-kyo Sutra' ('The Sutra of Visualization of the Buddha of Measureless Life,' meaning Amida) and 'Amida-kyo Sutra' (Amida Sutra), and it preaches that reciting Buddhist invocation makes people reincarnated in Jodo, pure land, from the viewpoint that 'Buddhist invocation by one person equals Buddhist invocation to all people.'
- 後に浄土真宗の蓮如が叡山などの妨害を乗り越えて再興し、作り上げた本願寺教団は、門徒と呼ばれる強大な信徒集団を獲得し、応仁の乱後守護大名に取って代わった戦国大名に匹敵するほどにまでなった。
- Later, the Honganji Kyodan organization, which was revived and established by Rennyo of the Jodo Shinshu sect after overcoming obstructions from Mt. Hiei amongst others, set up a powerful lay organization called Monto, which came to be equal to the sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) who replaced the shugo daimyo after the Onin War.
- 当時、61歳だった重源は勧進聖や勧進僧、土木建築や美術装飾に関わる技術者・職人を集めて組織して、勧進活動によって再興に必要な資金を集め、それを元手に技術者・職人が実際の再建事業に従事した。
- Chogen, who was then 61 years old, organized monks (kanjin-hijiri and kanjin-so) as well as engineers and craftsmen to handle the engineering and decoration works so that the monks could collect the funds needed for rebuilding the temple and the engineers and craftsmen could start rebuilding the temple with the funds they'd collected.
- 蓮如上人は『御文(御文章)』の第一帖の第九通に「つぎに、物忌(ぶっき)ということは、わが流には仏法についてものいまわぬといえることなり。」と言われ、浄土真宗が物忌みをしないことを示される。
- In chapter ninth of volume one in 'Ofumi' (Gobunsho), Rennyo Shonin stated that monoimi should not be conducted in Jodo Shinshu Sect saying 'next, regarding monoimi, our sect does not abstain from anything based on the doctrine of Buddhism.'
- 三要元佶(さんよう げんきつ, 天文 (元号)17年(1548年) - 慶長17年5月20日 (旧暦)(1612年6月19日))は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代初頭にかけて活躍した禅僧である。
- Genkitsu SANYO (1548 - June 19, 1612) was a Zen priest who was active during the period from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the early Edo period.
- 実如(じつにょ、長禄2年8月10日 (旧暦)(1458年9月17日) - 大永5年2月2日 (旧暦)(1525年2月23日))は、室町時代中期から戦国時代 (日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
- Jitsunyo (September 26, 1458 - March 5, 1525) was a Buddhist priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who lived from the mid-Muromachi period into the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
- うけがたき人身(にんじん)をうけて、あいがたき本願にあいて、おこしがたき道心(どうしん)を発(おこ)して、はなれがたき輪廻の里をはなれて、生まれがたき浄土に往生せん事、悦びの中の悦びなり。
- Happening to be a person, finding the purpose hard to be found, facing Buddha's precious teaching, leaving the reincarnation hard to leave, and residing in the pure land hard to reach, are the supreme bliss.
- 原文…設我得佛 自地已上 至于虚空 宮殿樓觀 池流華樹 國土所有 一切万物 皆以無量雜寶 百千種香 而共合成 嚴飾奇妙 超諸人天 其香普薫 十方世界 菩薩聞者 皆修佛行 若不如是者 不取正覺
- Original Text: If, when I become a Buddha, all the myriads of manifestations in my land, from the ground to the sky, such as palaces, pavilions, ponds, streams and trees, should not be composed of both countless treasures, which surpass in supreme excellence anything in the worlds of human and devas, and of a 1100 kinds of aromatic woods, whose fragrance pervades all the worlds of the 10 quarters, causing all Bodhisattvas who sense it to perform Buddhist practice, may I not attain perfect enlightenment.
- 翌年松平忠順が寺社奉行を辞任して太田資愛が後任となると、老中田沼意次と協議して増上寺をはじめとする浄土宗寺院の幕府への貢献が格別であるとして正式に「一向宗」を正式な宗派名とする事を決定した。
- When Tadayori MATSUDAIRA, the commissioner of temples and shrines, resigned and was succeeded by Sukeyoshi OTA, OTA met with senior councilor Okitsugu TANUMA and decided that, in light of the distinguished contributions Zojo-ji Temple and the other Jodoshu sect temples had made to the bakufu, 'the Ikkoshu' would be the formal name of the sect which Shinran had founded.
- この時代の刀剣の多くは朽損しているが、島根県安来市のかわらけ谷出土の金銅装環頭大刀は、奇跡的に優れた保存状態にあり、黄金色の柄をもち刀身さえも古代の輝きを今に伝える稀有な例として有名である。
- Although most swords of this period are corroded and damaged, Kanto Tachi with gold and bronze fittings excavated from Kawarake Valley in Yasugi City, Shimane Prefecture is miraculously in good preservation, and is famous as a rare case to pass the shine from the ancient days to the present with its golden Tsuka (handle) as well as the body of blade.
- 中国の曇鸞の主著『無量寿経優婆提舎願生偈註(往生論註)』のなかに、自分の行じた善行功徳をもって他の人に及ぼし、自分と他人と一緒に弥陀の浄土に往生できるようにと願うことが往相回向であるとする。
- T'an-luan (early Chinese Pure Land philosopher and popularizer) explains Oso-eko in his main literary work 'Muryoju-kyo Ubadaisha Ganshoge-chu' (also known as Ojoronchu) (Commentary on Vasubandhu's Upadesa on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life, also known as Ojoron-chu or Wangsheng lun zhu (Notes on the Treatise on Birth - in the Pure Land): Oso-eko means to give to all others one's virtues acquired through practicing good conduct and accumulating merits, and to aspire that everyone including oneself attains birth in Amida's Pure Land.
- 明応4年(1495年)頃、伏見宮貞常親王の息で後土御門天皇の猶子である大僧正慈運法親王が26世門主として入寺して以降、曼殊院は代々皇族が門主を務めることが慣例となり、宮門跡としての地位が確立した。
- In around 1495, after Cloistered Imperial Prince Jiun of Daisojo (high priest), who was the son of Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadatsune and an adopted child of Emperor Gotsuchimikado, became the twenty-sixth monshu and entered the temple, it became a custom for a member of the Imperial family to serve as a monshu in Manshuin Temple, and the position as miya-monzeki (temples headed by imperial princes) was established.
- 日本の阿弥陀浄土信仰の起源は、最後の遣唐使でもある天台宗の円仁(794年 - 864年)が唐から帰朝し、修行元の五台山で行われていた法照流の念仏を延暦寺に伝え、常行三昧堂を建てたのが最初といえる。
- The origins of Japanese Amitabha Jodo worship started when the last Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China, Ennin (794 – 864) of the Tendai Sect came back from Tang and brought Hosho school Nenbutsu of his training place, Mt. Wutai Shan, to Enryaku-ji Temple and built the Jogyo Zanmai-do Hall.
- 一 建造物、絵画、彫刻、工芸品、書跡、典籍、古文書その他の有形の文化的所産で我が国にとつて歴史上又は芸術上価値の高いもの(これらのものと一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地その他の物件を含む。)
- 1. Tangible items (such as buildings, paintings, sculptures, crafts, calligraphies, literatures, ancient documents and other tangible cultural products) that are highly valued in our nation, either historically or artistically (including all the auxiliary parts or land attached to such value)
- このようなメタファーを用いたのは、それが表現するものを不特定多数の人に伝える浄土式庭園や神仙などのような古来の思想を含んだ庭には表現すべきモデルとしての、人々が共有する景が必要であるからとされる。
- It is said the reason why they used these metaphors is that common scenery that people share was necessary for a Jodo style garden (a garden of the style of the Jodo sect of Buddhism) and Shinsen (the thought of immortality), gardens that relate thoughts from ancient times because these gardens need to communicate what they expressed as models, with a large number of the general public.
- 融通念仏の最大の特徴は、観想念仏から称名念仏の重要視に変えた事であり、融通念仏宗では、毎朝西方に向かって良忍の説いた十界一念・自他融通の浄土往生を期する念仏(融通念仏)を十唱することなどを日課とする。
- The greatest characteristic of Yuzu Nenbutsu is that it put higher value on Invocation of the Buddha's Name than Kanso Nenbustu (Buddha ideation through chanting and visualization), so that the Yuzu Nenbutsu sect makes reciting Buddhism invocation (Yuzu Nenbutsu), which was preached by Ryonin and expects Jikkai (ten spiritual realms) Ichinen (a single repetition of a prayer) and rebirth in Jodo of Jita Yuzu (自他融通, literally, Yuzu Nenbutsu for oneself and others), ten times toward the west every morning as a daily duty.
- 佐田 介石(さた かいせき、文政元年4月8日 (旧暦)(1818年5月12日)- 明治15年(1882年)12月9日)は、肥後国出身の幕末から明治初頭にかけての浄土真宗本願寺派(晩年は天台宗)の僧侶。
- Kaiseki SATA (May 12, 1818 to December 9, 1882) from Higo Province was a Jodo Shinshu sect monk of Hongan-ji school (In his later years, he was a Tendai sect monk) from the end of the Edo period to the beginning of Meiji period.
- 日光菩薩・月光菩薩は『薬師本願経』に、薬師如来の浄土である東方瑠璃光世界の主要な菩薩であるとして言及されるが、薬師如来の脇侍として造像される以外に、日光菩薩・月光菩薩単独での信仰や造像はないと言ってよい。
- Nikko Bosatsu and Gakko Bosatsu are described as the main Buddha in the Buddhist paradise of Yakushi-Nyorai, the realm known as Joruri or Pure Lapis Lazuli in the eastern quarter, Vaiduryanirbhasa in Sanskrit in 'Yakushi Hongan-kyo Sutra,' and it can be said that there is neither faith nor statues of Nikko Bosatsu and Gakko Bosatsu individually, other than the statues of the Kyoji of Yakushi-Nyorai.
- その後末法思想の流れを受け、阿弥陀如来に帰依することで極楽浄土への救済を求める阿弥陀浄土信仰とも言える念仏思想を伴うものに形を変え、平安時代中期に空也、源信_(僧侶)らの民間布教によって爆発的に流行した。
- Later, as part of the flow of Mappo-shiso (the 'end of the world' belief), it transitioned into Nenbutsu belief as Amida Jodo Shinko (Amida Buddha in the Pure Land worship) in which people wished to be saved and enter heaven by believing in Amitabha Nyorai
- 次に釈尊は弥勒菩薩に対して、煩悩のある世界(穢土)に生きる衆生の苦しみの理由を、三毒・五悪(殺生〈せつしよう〉・偸盗〈ちゆうとう〉・邪淫〈じやいん〉・妄語〈もうご〉・飲酒〈おんじゆ〉)によると示し、誡める。
- Next, Shakyamuni shows Maitreyathe the reasons for the pains of creatures who live in the world of earthly desires (Edo, this impure world) and preaches against them: three banes, five evils, such as killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and drinking.
- 浄土曼荼羅 - 浄土(清らかな国土)とは、それぞれの仏が住している聖域、理想的な国土のことで、弥勒仏の浄土、薬師如来の浄土などがあるが、単に「浄土」と言った場合は、阿弥陀如来の西方極楽浄土を指すことが多い。
- Jodo Mandala - Jodo (pure land) means the sanctuary or perfect land where each Buddha resides, such as jodo of Miroku Buddha (Maitreya) and jodo of Yakushi Nyorai (the Healing Buddha), but when simply referring to 'jodo,' it usually means Saiho Gokuraku Jodo of Amida Nyorai.
- 浄土宗では下の字に「誉」、浄土真宗では下の字に「如」(ただし本願寺などの法主に対しては綸旨の有無に関わらず上人号が用いられていた)、時宗では下の字に「阿」、日蓮宗では上の字に「日」を用いるのがそれに該当する。
- In the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, the Japanese character '誉' was used for the bottom character of the name, and in Jodo shin shu (the True Pure Land sect of Buddhism) the Japanese character '如' was used for the bottom character of the name (however, the Shonin title was used for the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple, whether he received rinji or not), while in the Ji sect the character '阿' was used for the bottom character of the name, and in the Nichiren sect the character '日' was used for the top part of the name.
- 幡随意(ばんずいい、天文 (元号)11年10月15日 (旧暦)(1542年11月21日) - 慶長20年1月5日 (旧暦)(1615年2月2日))は、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代初期にかけての浄土宗の学僧。
- Banzuii (December 1, 1542 - February 2, 1615) was a learned monk in the Jodo Sect from the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan) to the early in the Edo period.
- また日親は法華経によって、当時の乱れた世の中を救うべく(同時代は正長の土一揆や後南朝勢力の反乱などの動乱が続いた)、足利将軍家の日蓮宗への改宗を目論み「立正治国論」を著し、直訴を試みたが投獄された(1440)。
- To save the chaotic society by Hoke-kyo, Nisshin wrote 'Rissho jikoku ron' (the Treatise on Establishing the True Teaching and Governing the Country) in an attempt to convert the Ashikaga shogunate family to the Nichiren Sect (during this era, restless days continued as the peasants' uprising of the Shocho era and the rebellion of the Gonancho (Second Southern Court) force occurred) and was incarcerated for the attempted direct appeal (1440).
- 存牛(そんぎゅう、文明 (日本)元年6月5日 (旧暦)(1469年7月13日) - 天文 (元号)18年12月20日 (旧暦)(1550年1月7日))は、室町時代中期から戦国時代 (日本)にかけての浄土宗の僧。
- Songyu (July 22, 1469 - January 17, 1550) was a Jodo Sect priest who lived from the middle of the Muromachi period to the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan).
- 吉野から出土した、国宝の「鋳銅刻画蔵王権現像」(東京・西新井大師総持寺蔵)は、銅板に線刻で蔵王権現などの諸仏を表わしたもので、長保3年(1001)銘があり、この頃までには蔵王権現の図像も確立していたことがわかる。
- Bronze Plaque with Line-engraved Zao Gongen' (in Soji-ji Temple of Nishiarai-taishi Shrine, Tokyo Prefecture) (National Treasure) which was excavated at Yoshino, is a bronze plaque with line-engraved Buddhas including Zao Gongen and has an inscription of 1001, so that it is suggested that the iconography of Zao Gongen had been established before around this time.
- ところが、安永3年(1774年)、この事に危機感を持った東本願寺と西本願寺が一致して幕府に対して「浄土真宗」のみを公式名称とするように求める意見書を提出し、仏光寺派・高田派など非本願寺系真宗各派もこれに呼応した。
- However, in 1774, a sense of urgency over the matter grew in both Higashi (East) Hongan-ji and Nishi (West) Hongan-ji Temples, and they cooperated in the submission of a proposal to the bakufu stating that only 'the Jodo Shinshu sect' (written as 浄土真宗) should be used as their formal name; this was seconded by Jodo Shinshu schools other than the Hongan-ji school, such as the Bukko-ji and Takada schools.
- 中国料理に使用される黒クワイ(烏芋)はカヤツリグサ科のオオクログワイという日本のクワイとは別種の植物で、水煮の缶詰でも出回るが、日本でも古くから食用としていた形跡があり、青森県亀岡の縄文時代遺跡から出土している。
- The black arrowhead tuber (Kuro Kuwai or Karasu-imo) used in Chinese cooking is a big black arrowhead in the Cyperaceae family and is a different variety of plant from the Japanese arrowhead, and is available in cans as water-boiled arrowhead, however there is evidence that this has also been used as a food from ancient times in Japan and has been unearthed from Jomon Period remains in Kameoka, Aomori Prefecture.
- 還相回向というのは、阿弥陀如来の浄土に往生して、止観行を成就し教化する力を獲得し、生死の世界、つまりこの世に還り来たって、すべての衆生を教化して、一緒に仏道に向かわせようとする力を、阿弥陀如来から与えられること。
- Genso-eko means that one is endowed by Amida Tathagata with the ability to attain birth in the Pure Land of Amida Tathagata; to fulfill the practice of concentration and observation; to gain the power of enlightenment; to return to the world of birth-and-death, i.e. this world; to convert all sentient beings; and guide them to follow the way of Buddha together.
- 1999年(平成11年)、光紹が亡くなると、その長男である光見(聞如)が第26世法主を継承し、2001年(平成13年)4月26日には、本山である「東京本願寺」の名称を「浄土真宗東本願寺派本山東本願寺」へと変更した。
- After the death of Kosho in 1999, his eldest son Koken (also called Monnyo) succeeded as the 26th Hossu and changed the name of the head temple 'Tokyo Hongan-ji Temple' into 'Jodo Shinshu sect Higashi Hongan-ji school, Honzan Higashi, Hongan-ji Temple' on April 26, 2001.
- また、「刀があるとGHQが金属探知機で探しに来る」との流言も飛び交い、土中に隠匿して、その結果刀を朽ちさせ駄目にしたり、回収基準の長さ以下になるように折って小刀としたり、自主的に廃棄するなどした例は枚挙に遑がない。
- There was also a rumor that 'if you have a sword, the GHQ will come to search with a metal detector,' so some swords were hidden in the ground, which caused them to corrode and they were ruined, some were broken to make a short one which is shorter than the length of the those that were prized by collectors, and some people discarded swords on their own, and so on and so forth.
- また、中国で成立した浄土教は仏教を爆発的に民衆の間に広め、僧侶を介しての仏への信仰から個々の信者自身が直接仏へ信仰する形態が一般社会に定着し、数珠や仏画などの仏具を僧侶ではない普通の信者が家庭で使用するようになった。
- Further, as Jodo-kyo (Pure Land teachings), which had originated in China, helped the explosive diffusion of Buddhism among ordinary people, and ordinary lay believers began worshipping Buddha directly by themselves rather than through Buddhist monks and as a result, Buddhist altar fittings such as Juzu (beads) and Buddhist pictures were brought into use by lay believers at their home.
- (関西系芸妓は正式にはお歯黒を付けるが現代では通常は付けない/関東系はお歯黒を付けない(関東系遊女は付ける);どちらも引眉はしない)というのが一般的である(地方などは土地柄によって束髪に普通の化粧という場合もある)。
- (Formally speaking, in the Kansai region, they used to apply tooth blackening which they no longer practice today in general, whereas, in the Kanto region, they did not apply tooth blackening (while prostitutes in Kanto did) and neither drew eyebrows with charcoal or pencil and, depending on the location in some rural areas, they wore simply wore their hair up in a bun and regular makeup.)
- しかし一方でこの時代には鐔(つば)、小柄(こづか)、目貫(めぬき)、笄(こうがい)などの刀装具の装飾が発達し、これらの装剣金工の分野にも林又七、土屋安親、奈良利壽、横谷宗珉、濱野政随、後藤一乗ら多くの名工が生まれた。
- On the other hand, however, riggings of a sword such as Tsuba (handguard), Kozuka (accessory knife), Menuki (hilt ornaments), Kogai (hair pick accessory) were developed in this period, and also in such field of sword ornament goldsmiths, lots of famous swordsmiths including Matashichi HAYASHI, Yasuchika TSUCHIYA, Toshinaga NARA, Somin YOKOTANI, Shozui HAMANO and Ichijo GOTO appeared.
- そして幕府は、寺領を将軍の寺に対する供養とし、道を歩いて水を飲むのも国主の供養であるという「土水供養論」を展開し不受不施派に対し寺請(寺請制度参照)も認めない(不受不施派寺請禁止令)など、禁制宗派とした(1665年)。
- Bakufu then banned the Fujufuse School (in 1665), including a ban on terauke (to register with a temple in order to prove their Buddhist faith) (refer to the column on the terauke system) (the ban on terauke by the Fujufuse School), based on 'Tsuchimizu Kuyo-ron' (土水供養論) in which bakufu asserted that the temple's estate was the shogun's offering to a temple and drinking water while walking on a road was also the shogun's offering.
- 往生要集(おうじょうようしゅう)は、比叡山中、横川の恵心院僧都の源信_(僧侶)が、寛和元年(985年)に、浄土教の観点より、多くの仏教の経典や論書などから、極楽往生に関する重要な文章を集めた仏教書で、1部3巻からなる。
- Ojoyoshu is a Buddhism book in one part and three volumes compiled in 985 by Genshin (priest), a Sozu (the Prelate) in Eshinin Temple at Yokawa on Mt. Hiei, in which he collected important passages relating to gokuraku ojo (the Pure Land of Amitabha where the dead are allowed to live peacefully), extracting from many sources such as Buddhist scriptures and instructions in terms of the Jodo Sect.
- 浄土宗の宗祖である法然などは『選択本願念仏集』(せんちゃくしゅう)において、浄土三部経以外を雑修・雑行であるから「捨てよ、閉じよ、閣(さしお)け抛(なげう)て」(捨閉閣抛、しゃへいかくほう)と言って法華経を誹謗している。
- In his 'Senchaku Hongan Nenbutsushu' (Selection of Genuine Nenbutsu), Honen, the founding father of the Jodoshu Buddhism, even denounces sutras other than the Three Sutras of Pure Land, urging his disciples to throw away, close, ignore and discard unnecessary sutras, thereby denigrating the Lotus Sutra as well.
- 「門徒物知らず」とは、阿弥陀仏一仏に帰依をして、他の神仏を顧みないために、土地の神仏に関わる儀礼や風習にも関心を持たず、死者儀礼などに関わる習俗にも従わない真宗門徒の姿を、他宗の立場から「物知らず」と揶揄するものである。
- Monto mono shirazu' is a phrase that ridicules the believers of Jodo Shinshu Sect, from the standpoint of other sects, who believe solely in Amida Buddha without paying any respect to other deities and Buddha and as a result, neither pay attention to rituals and practices concerning local deities and Buddha nor follow even the customs concerning funerals of the dead.
- 建築物、美術工芸品(絵画、彫刻、伝統工芸品、書跡、典籍)、古文書その他の有形の文化的所産(これらと一体をなしてその価値を形成している土地、工作物などを含む場合がある)および考古資料、歴史資料は有形文化財と定義されている。
- Tangible cultural properties are defined as being such things as buildings, art crafts (paintings, sculptures, traditional crafts, calligraphies, literature), ancient documents and other tangible cultural outcomes or products (including all the auxiliary parts, tools or land attached to its value), as well as archeological or historical resources.
- 自身に厳格で寺院再建のノウハウを積んだ真言律宗の僧侶主導の勧進活動に対する評価の上昇はやがて他の律宗諸派再興の動きを促し、一時は真言律宗を含めた律宗は禅宗・浄土宗などと勢力を分けて日蓮より「律国賊」との非難を受けるほどであった。
- Activities for temple solicitation led by priests of the Shingon Risshu sect were well recognized because they were strict by themselves and had know-how of temple restoration, which soon promoted the movement of renaissance of other Risshu sects so much so that the Risshu sect, including the Shingon Risshu sect, was criticized by Nichiren as 'Ritsu traitor to the country,' having the same power of influence as the Zen sect and the Jodo sect.
- 実際に、日本三大怨霊とされる、菅原道真は、太宰府天満宮(福岡県太宰府市)や北野天満宮(京都市上京区)、平将門は、築土神社(東京都千代田区)や神田明神(東京都千代田区)、崇徳天皇は、白峯神宮(京都市上京区)にそれぞれ祀られている。
- In fact, the three greatest onryo and the places at which they are enshrined include: SUGAWARA no Michizane, at Dazaifu Tenmangu Shrine (Dazaifu City, Fukuoka Prefecture) and Kitano Tenmangu Shrine (Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto), TAIRA no Masakado at Tsukudo-jinja Shrine (Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo) and Kanda Myojin Shrine (Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo) and Emperor Sutoku at Shiramine-jingu Shrine (Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto).
- 1984年(昭和59年)に菩提心の復活と即身成仏の教え(「いのち」の平等と尊厳をさとり、大日如来の智慧をこの世に実現する)を広め、この世に生きた仏国土をつくり、心豊かな社会の実現を目指して、テーマとし、標語「生かせ いのち」を提唱した。
- In 1984, the Koyasan Shinto sect advocated the slogan 'Make the Most of Life', aiming at realizing a spiritually rich society by spreading the revival of aspiration for Buddhahood and the message of Sokushin-Jobutsu (to learn the equality and dignity of 'Life' and realize the wisdom of Dainichi Nyorai in this world), and creating the living Buddha Lands in this world.
- 「源平藤橘(げんぺいとうきつ)」と呼ばれる源氏、平氏、藤原氏、橘氏といった強力な氏族が最も名を馳せていた時代、地方に移り住んだ氏族の一部が他の同じ氏族の人間と区別をはかるため土地の名前などを自分の家名(屋号)とし、それが後の名字となった。
- In the age of 'Gen Pei To Kitsu,' when a strong Shizoku family like the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan, or the Fujiwara or Tachibana clans, were in their prime, a part of the Shizoku population that moved to local regions began to use other names, for example like a place name, for its Kamei (Yago, house name) to distinguish themselves from other people from the same clan, and this led to Myoji (family name) being used later.
- 1117年(永久 (元号)5年)阿弥陀仏の示現を受け、「1人の念仏が万人の念仏に通じる」という自他の念仏が相即融合しあうという立場から融通念仏を創始し、称名念仏で浄土に生まれると説き、結縁した人々の名を記入する名帳を携えて各地で勧進を行った。
- In 1117, he received the manifestation of Amida-Buddha and created Yuzu Nenbutsu based on the thought that Nenbutsu recited by oneself and others can be united with each other or 'Nenbutsu recited by a person can be nenbutsu for everybody,' and thereafter he advocated rebirth in Jodo (pure land) by means of Shomyo Nenbutsu (Invocation of the Buddha's Name) and made propagation at various places while carrying a meicho (name list) that was to be used for recording the names of people who made a connection with Buddha.
- その組織力や情報の得やすさなどから、室町時代には、一揆の中心にもなり、正長の土一揆や嘉吉の徳政一揆などが知られているが、後者では一揆の攻撃対象となった比叡山延暦寺の保護を受けていた近江国の馬借が一揆から離反して、馬借勢力そのものが分裂している。
- In the Muromachi Period because of its organizational power and the ease-of-getting information the Bashaku played the central role at the riots in which the Tsuchi-ikki in Shocho era and the Tokusei-ikki in Kakitsu era were famous for, and in the latter the Bashaku in Omi Province who were taken under Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple that was attacked by the riot seceded from the riot force so that the Bashaku power itself was split.
- 東大寺の再建については、周防国の税収を再建費用に当てることが許されたが、重源自らも勧進聖や勧進僧、土木建築や美術装飾に関わる技術者・職人を集めて組織して、勧進活動によって再興に必要な資金を集め、それを元手に技術者や職人が実際の再建事業に従事した。
- It was permitted that the taxes collected in Suo Province could be used to cover the reconstruction costs of Todai-ji Temple but Chogen personally assembled and organized fundraising monks, civil engineers and artists as well as soliciting donations to raise the funds required to rebuild the temple before proceeding with reconstruction work.
- 『報恩講私記』、『本願寺聖人伝絵』(『御伝鈔』・『親鸞伝絵』)、『執持鈔(しゅうじしょう)』、『口伝鈔』(くでんしょう)、『改邪鈔』(がいじゃしょう)など多数撰述し、法然の正統な後継者としての親鸞と浄土真宗内における本願寺教団の優位性を主張した。
- While writing many books, including, but not limited to 'Hoon-ko Shiki' (Buddhist sutra for Hoon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran)), 'Hongan-ji Shonin Dene' (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran), ('Godensho' (description of Honganji Shonin Denne (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran)), 'Shinran Dene'), 'Shuji Sho' ('On Embracing the Name'), 'Kuden Sho' ('What Shinran Taught') and 'Gaija Sho' ('Setting the Claims Straight'), he constantly asserted that Shinran was the legitimate successor of Honen and that the religious order of Hongan-ji should have a leading role in Jodo Shinshu.
- 浄土真宗本願寺8世の蓮如が延暦寺西塔の衆徒により本願寺が破却され、北陸地方に活動の場を求めた時に、布教の対象としたのはこうした一向や一遍の影響を受けて同じ浄土教の土壌を有した僧侶や信者であり、蓮如はこれを「一向衆」(「一向宗」ではない)と呼んだ。
- When Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed by warrior monks from the Saito area of Enryaku-ji Temple, and Rennyo, the eighth head of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect, sought to find his way into the Hokuriku region, Rennyo aimed his propagation at the monks and followers who were based in the Jodo teachings under the influence of Ikko Shunsho and Ippen, collectively calling them '一向衆' Ikkoshu, meaning 'the people of Ikkoshu sect', instead of '一向宗' Ikkoshu, the name for Ikko Shunsho's sect.
- 石室の造営や石棺の製作と古墳の葺石および居館周濠の貼石などに大量の石材の使用と、大きな石材を積み上げ固い石を加工するといった技術がみられ、墳丘の造成に版築と呼ばれる工法が使用されたり、池溝の開作や築堤など大規模な土木工事が行われるようになっていた。
- Large scale use of building stones, techniques used to place huge stone blocks on top of each other and processing hard stone were applied to construct stone foundations, production of a sarcophagus and fuki-ishi (a stone covering an old tomb) were discovered, and a construction method called hanchiku (hard soil made using wooden frames) to make a hill tomb was discovered, and a large scale civil engineering such as making ponds, ditches, and embankments were carried out at the time.
- 民家の重要文化財指定に際して「土地」を併せて指定するということには民家の母屋のみならず、門、塀、蔵、井戸、祠等の付属建物、石垣、水路、庭園、堀等の工作物、さらには宅地、山林などを併せて指定することによって、屋敷構え全体の保存を図ろうとする意図がある。
- In fact, the designation of a private house as an important cultural property together with the land implies the intent to preserve the entire residence for posterity, thus encompassing not only the private house main building but also the attached construction such as the gate, fence, warehouse, well, shrine, structures such as stone walls, the waterway, garden, and moat, housing lot, forest, etc.
- 一方、讃岐に配流中の日堯と備前倉敷の日指庵の日通を中心とするグループは、佐土原に流刑中の日講を引き合いに出し、「流罪とはいえ命を狙われる心配もなく安穏な生活をしている日講には、絶えずビクビクして信仰を守っている内信者の気持ちは分るまい」(除講記)を草して反論した。
- On the other hand, a group headed by Nichigyo, who was in exile in Sanuki, and Nitsu at Hisashi-an of Kurashiki in Bizen referred to Nikko who was in exile in Sadohara and refuted by saying 'Although he is in exile, Nikko is spending a peaceful life without worrying about assassination and he cannot understand the feelings of naishin people who are keeping faith while constantly worrying about their lives' (Jokoki (writings about removing Nikko)).
- 特に江戸時代は、浄土宗の関東十八檀林、日蓮宗の下総飯高檀林(千葉県匝瑳市の飯高寺)、上総宮谷檀林(千葉県大網白里町の本国寺 (千葉県大網白里町))、京都松ヶ崎檀林(本涌寺:現在の京都市左京区の涌泉寺)、鷹峰檀林(京都市北区 (京都市)の常照寺 (京都市))などがあった。
- Particularly during the Edo period, there were Kanto Juhachi Danrin of Jodo sect, and Shimousa Iidaka Danrin (Hankoji Temple in Sosa City, Chiba Prefecture), Kazusa Miyazaku Danrin (Honkokuji Temple in Ooamishirasatomachi, Chiba Prefecture), Kyoto Matsugasaki Danrin (Honyuji Temple, present Yusenji Temple in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City), and Takagamine Danrin (Joshoji Temple in Kita Ward, Kyoto City) of Nichiren sect.
- 建築から外部空間の問題は近代期の日本においては逆説的とされるが、これは日本の伝統的な建築的風土は外部空間を自明なものとして現前させてきているからで、近代建築のように様式という縛りがなくなり、すべての空間構成要素は等価となり、べつの空間構成言語として外部空間は意識される。
- Although the problem of connecting between a building and external space is thought to be paradoxical in modern day Japan, it is because external space is self-evident in the Japanese construction environment and has opened up before our eyes, and there are no ties of form in modern day construction and each component of space becomes equivalent, thus outer space is being conscious of as a different form of space composition language.
- すなわち、もしこの発言が従来より法華宗側が言っている「浄土宗側が卑怯な手を使った」のであれば、法華宗側はその場において「方座第四の『妙』」を意味不明・解釈不能であるという態度を徹底的に貫かねばならず、それをしなかった法華宗側は『造り名目』でないことを認めてしまったことになる。
- IZAWA states 'That is to say, if 'the Jodoshu sect misled the Hokkeshu sect by the word 'the fourth Myo in Hoza'' as the Hokkeshu sect claimed, the Hokkeshu sect should have insisted that the word made no sense so that they could not understand the question during the debate, but in reality, they did not do that, which meant they did not deny the word as 'sham term.'
- この4つを総称して爾前(法華経より前)の妙といい、法華の妙と対比すると説明し、五時八教の教相判釈五時八教説(天台)では、浄土三部経は方等部に位置づけられるから、方座「第三」の妙と言うべき所を、方座「第四」の妙と嘘をつき、捨てるか捨てないのかと質問した詐欺師だ、などと判じている。
- It was described that these four 'Myo' were collectively called 'the Myo before the Hokkeshu sect,' as opposed to 'the Myo of the Hokkeshu sect,' and as the three sutras in the Jodoshu sect are categorized in Hotobu according to the categorization called Gojihakkyosetsu, the Jodoshu sect should have said 'the third' Myo of Hoza in the debate but they intentionally used the wrong expression 'the fourth' Myo of Hoza in asking the Hokkeshu sect whether or not they would abandon the Myo.
- しかし、妙好人の庄松(しょうま)が、オラが喜んで捨てた「南無阿弥陀仏」を、拾うて喜ぶ者がおると端的に表現したように、還相回向を、念仏者の口から出てくる名号を聞いて、称名をする人間がいることを、阿弥陀如来のはたらきととらえ、自らが称えた名号を指して浄土から還ってきた相(すがた)と解する。
- However, as indicated in a very forthright statement made by Shoma, a well known myokonin (a religious person): Some have happily picked up Namu-amida-butsu which I have happily spit from my mouth,' Genso-eko can be interpreted as hearing someone chanting the Name of the Buddha (Namu-amida-butsu), the sentient beings grasp that the existence that someone chanting the Name is the works of Amida Tathagata, and that the Name they themselves chant is the very form of returning from the Pure Land.
- 越前一帯には浄土真宗やそれ以外の浄土教系の諸宗派の信者が多く住んでいるために蓮如の布教には最適である事、逆に経覚の立場からしてもその頃越前国の守護代であった朝倉氏と甲斐氏の争いの影響で両氏による荘園の横領が続いており、信頼のおける甥分である蓮如に河口庄の代官的な役割を期待していたとされる。
- It was supposed that Echizen Province would be an ideal place to encourage the spread of his religion as many believers of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) or other related religious sects lived in the area, and from Kyokaku's point of view, since there was conflict between the Asakura clan and the Kai clan, who were the Shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable) of Echizen Province at that time, and there was continuous embezzlement of the manors by them, Kyokaku expected Rennyo, who was his disciple and who he trusted, to act as local governor of Kawaguchi no Sho.
- 金王八幡神社(こんのうはちまんじんじゃ)が鎮座する東京都の渋谷は、土佐坊昌俊の祖父、桓武天皇の孫高望王の子孫と名乗る秩父党の河崎冠者基家(かわさきの・かじゃ・もといえ)が、1051年(永承6年)に、前九年の役での武功により与えられた武蔵国豊島郡谷盛庄(としまぐん・やもりのしょう)にあたる。
- Shibuya in Tokyo, where Konno Hachiman-jinja Shrine is located, coincides with Yamori no sho Manor of Toshima-gun in Musashi Province that was awarded in 1051 to KAWASAKi no Kaja Motoie of Chichibu Party, who was a grandfather of Shoshin TOSANOBO and insisted that he was a descendant of Prince Takamochi, a grandson of Emperor Kanmu, for his military exploits in Zen Kunen no Eki (Former Nine Years' Campaign).
- この五百塵点劫は、法華経の経文を読む限りでは、たとえ話として引用しているだけであるが、日蓮は釈迦御所領御書などで、「過去五百塵点劫より、このかた、この娑婆世界は釈迦菩薩の御進退の国土なり」などと、五百塵点劫の言葉に開近顕遠の意味を持たせたことから、釈尊が本当に覚った時と解釈されるようになった。
- It seems that the 'gohyaku jin-tengo' was quoted only as a metaphor in the Lotus Sutra; however, Nichiren (founder of the Nichiren sect) gave the meaning of kaigon-ken-non (discarding the assumption that Shakyamuni attained enlightenment for the first time in India and revealing that he originally gained enlightenment in the immensely distant past) to the word 'gohyaku jin-tengo' by saying things like 'for as long as gohyaku jin-tengo, this land has been ruled by Buddha;' thus it came to be interpreted as the time of actual enlightenment of Buddha.
- その出自の曖昧さもあり、小説等で出てくる説として、天海が足利将軍家12代足利義晴の子という説や、本能寺の変で織田信長を討ち、山崎の戦いの後土民の落ち武者狩りに遭い自刃したとされる明智光秀と同一人物という説がある(墓所である日光市に「明智平」という場所があることなどが根拠に挙げられることが多い)。
- Due to his ambiguities of his origin, there are theories written in novels, saying that Tenkai was a child of the 12th shogun, Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA, or that he was the same person as Mitsuhide AKECHI who killed Nobunaga ODA in the Honnoji Incident and committed suicide when he was attacked by natives who heisted lost samurai after the Battle of Yamasaki (it is usually based on a fact that there is a place named 'Akechidaira' in Nikko City where his graveyard exists).
- その後明治44年(1911年)になって、寺内の土蔵から本像の宝冠が新たに発見され、その宝冠の正面に阿弥陀如来の化仏(けぶつ、小型の仏像)が刻まれていることから、寺側でもこの像を「観音菩薩」と認めざるをえなくなった(菩薩像の頭上に阿弥陀如来の化仏があれば、その像は観音菩薩像であることを示している)。
- Later, in 1911, a crown of this statue was newly discovered from dozo (warehouse made of soil) in the temple; since Kebutsu (the Artificial Buddha, a small-sized statue of Buddha) of Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) was engraved at the front of the crown, the temple had to acknowledge that the statue was 'Kannon Bosatsu' (if there was Kebutsu of Amida Nyorai on the head of a statue of Bosatsu, then it meant that the statue was that of Kannon Bosatsu.)
- この内紛は岡山だけに止まらず不受不施派全体に及び、日向の佐土原に流刑中の日講と備前倉敷の津寺庵の日隆を中心とするグループは、生活基盤を確保して外見上平穏な生活をしている内信者と寺請してもらえず無宿者なっても浄い信仰を守っている不受不施信者をはっきり区別して、法立が導師をすることを認めないと主張した。
- While this internal conflict was spreading from Okayama to the entire Fujufuse School, a group headed by Nikko, who was in exile in Sadohara in Hyuga, and Nichiryu at Tsudera-an Temple of Kurashiki in Bizen insisted that naishin people who were spending a calm and stable life, and the believers of fujufuse who were keeping faith without terauke, even becoming homeless, should be clearly distinguished and horyu should not be allowed to act as doshi.
- 狩野派の代表的な絵師としては、室町幕府8代将軍足利義政に仕えた初代狩野正信とその嫡男・狩野元信、元信の孫で安土城や大坂城の障壁画を制作した狩野永徳、永徳の孫で京都から江戸に本拠を移し、江戸城、二条城などの障壁画制作を指揮した狩野探幽、京都にとどまって「京狩野」と称された一派を代表する狩野山楽などが挙げられる。
- Prominent painters of the Kanoha group include the founder Masanobu KANO, who worked for Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, the eighth Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi shogunate; his heir, Motonobu KANO, a grandson of Motonobu; Eitoku KANO, who created screen paintings of the Azuchi and Osaka castles; a grandson of Eitoku, Tanyu KANO, who moved from Kyoto to Edo and supervised the creation of screen paintings of Edo Castle and Nijo Castle; Sanraku KANO, who stayed in Kyoto, thus representing a group called 'Kyo Kano.'
- 善導の『観無量寿経疏』(『観経疏』)・法然の『選択本願念仏集』(『選択集』)に釈されたのを受けた親鸞は、『顕浄土真実教行証文類』(『教行信証』)の「行巻」に、正定の業とはすなはちこれ仏の名を称するなり。と、「南無阿弥陀仏」と称名する事こそが、正行の中で、阿弥陀仏の願に準じた一番重要(正定の業)であるとのべた。
- Following giving commentary in 'Kanmuryoju-kyosho' (also known as Kangyosho) (Commentary on the Meditation Sutra) by Shandao, and 'Senchaku Hongan Nenbutsu-shu' (also known as Senchaku-shu) (Passages on the Selection of the Nenbutsu in the Original Vow) by Honen, Shinran stated in 'Gyo no maki' (a theme of Practice) of 'Ken Jodo Shinjitsu Kyogyosho Monrui' (also known as 'Kyogyoshinsho') (Selected passages revealing the true teaching, practice and attainment of the Pure Land) that the righteous practice is to call the name of Buddha, regarding the calling of 'Namu Amida Butsu' as the most righteous and important practice (Shojo no gyo) next to wishes by Amida Buddha.
- 「曼荼羅」はもっとも狭義には密教曼荼羅を指すが、日本においては、阿弥陀如来のいる西方極楽浄土の様子を表わした「浄土曼荼羅」、神道系の「垂迹(すいじゃく)曼荼羅」など、密教以外にも「曼荼羅」と称される作品がきわめて多く、内容や表現形式も多岐にわたり、何をもって「曼荼羅」と見なすか、一言で定義することは困難である。
- Mandala' means Esoteric Buddhism mandala in the narrow sense, but in Japan, there are many works called 'mandala' other than those of Esoteric Buddhism, such as 'Jodo Mandala' which expresses Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (Western Pure Land) where Amida Nyorai (Buddha of Paradise) resides and 'Suijaku Mandala' of Shinto Religion, and their contents and styles of expression are also so diversified that it is difficult to define in a word what should be regarded as 'mandala.'
- 日蓮本門宗時代は管長は八本山からの輪番制となったが、大石寺本末・中末の独立が公許されこれより独立し、1900年(明治33年)に日蓮宗富士派と公称し、1912年(明治45年)に日蓮正宗と改称し現在に至るが、法華経正宗分の意味合いからであろうか少なくとも江戸時代中期には自宗派を正宗と呼ぶことがあったことが、金沢郷土史の文献(「正宗の題目」とある)から分かる。
- While the position of the chief abbot became in rotation from Hachihonzan in the period as Nichiren Honmon Sect, it broke away from the sect under the official allowance of the branch temples of Taiseki-ji Temple to be independent, and called themselves Fuji School of Nichiren Sect in 1900, then renamed Nichiren Shoshu Sect in 1912 up to the present, however, it was apparent that they called themselves Shoshu Sect, which supposably meant shoshubun (the main part) of Hoke-kyo (Lotus Sutra), until at least the middle of the Edo period, according to the book of Kanazawa local history (it has 'Shoshu no Daimoku' (Chant of Shoshu)).
- 四 貝づか、古墳、都城跡、城跡、旧宅その他の遺跡で我が国にとつて歴史上又は学術上価値の高いもの、庭園、橋梁、峡谷、海浜、山岳その他の名勝地で我が国にとつて芸術上又は観賞上価値の高いもの並びに動物(生息地、繁殖地及び渡来地を含む。)、植物(自生地を含む。)及び地質鉱物(特異な自然の現象の生じている土地を含む。)で我が国にとつて学術上価値の高いもの(以下「記念物」という。)
- 4. Buildings and structures (such as shell mounds, ancient tombs, citadel-type castle sites, castle sites and old residences) which are highly valued in our nation, either historically or academically; landscapes (such as gardens, bridges, canyons, coasts, mountains and other places of scenic beauty) that are highly valued in our nation for their artistic or visual merit; animals (including their habitats, their breeding areas, and their stopovers), plants (including their habitats), and geological minerals (including the landscapes produced by natural phenomena) that are highly valued academically in our nation (such natural features being hereinafter referred to as 'monuments')
- 『阿弥陀経』に、「舎利弗。衆生聞者。応当発願。願生彼国。所以者何。得与如是。諸上善人。倶会一処。舎利弗。不可以少善根。福徳因縁。得生彼国。」「舎利弗、衆生聞かんもの、まさに発願してかの国に生ぜんと願ふべし。ゆゑはいかん。かくのごときの諸上善人とともに一処に会することを得ればなり。舎利弗、少善根福徳の因縁をもつてかの国に生ずることを得べからず。」(『浄土真宗聖典註釈版』124ページ)とあるところから引かれた言葉。
- This term comes from the following citation of Amida-kyo Sutra; 'Sharihotsu, those who carefully listen to the teaching surely want to attain enlightenment and be reborn in the Pure Land; Sharihotsu, Shozenkon Fukutoku (good deeds and happiness) cannot enable them to be reborn in the Pure Land.'
- 著作としては、『如来秘蔵集』6巻・『小止観鈔』3巻・『龍華傳鈔』3巻・『本朝法華傳』3巻・『扶桑隠逸傳』3巻・『元々唱和集』2巻・『衣裏宝珠鈔』・『釈氏二十四孝』・『釈門孝傳』・『龍華歴代師承傳』・『身延山七面記』・『身延山紀行』・『溫泉遊草』・『称心病課』・『草山要路』・『草山和歌集』・『食医要編』・『以空上人方丈記首書』・『聖凡唱和』・『都土産』・『霞谷法語』・『江左垂示』・『唱題得意』・『題目和歌鈔』がある。
- His writings included six volumes of 'Treasury of Tathagata,' three volumes of 'Small Writings about Meditation,' three volumes of 'Commentary on the Legend of Ryuge Tree under which Bodhisattva Attains Nirvana,' three volumes of 'Commentary on Japanese Nichiren Sect,' three volumes of 'Writings about Japanese Hermits,' two volumes of 'Poetries exchanged between Nissei and Chen Yuan-Ping, '衣裏 Hoju sho,' 'Twenty-four Dutiful Children among Buddhists,' 'Writings about Dutiful Children among Buddhists,' 'Traditions of Generations of Teachings from Teachers to Disciples about Attaining Nirvana,' 'The Record of Shichimen, Mt. Minobu,' 'Travelogue of Mt. Minobu,' 'Onsen Yuso,' 'Sickly Life at Shoshin,' 'Important Teachings at Sozan,' 'Sozan Poetry,' 'Important Collections on Food and Medicine,' 'Annotations about Hojo ki by St. Iku,' 'Incantation in Unison by Priest and Believers,' 'Souvenir from Kyoto,' 'Teachings of Kakoku,' 'Teachings by Kosa,' '得意 Incantation of the Name of the Lotus Sutra,' and 'Small Writings about Poetries sung as Teachings of the Nichiren Sect.'
- 1630年(寛永7年)に徳川幕府は不受不施派の池上本門寺(東京都)日樹、法華経寺(千葉県)日賢、本土寺(千葉県)日弘、小西檀林(千葉県)日領、円融寺 (東京都目黒区)(東京都)日進、中村檀林(千葉県)日充と受不施派の久遠寺(山梨県)日乾、久遠寺(山梨県)日遠、久遠寺(山梨県)日暹、妙光寺(千葉県)日東、妙法華寺(静岡県)日遵、蓮永寺(静岡県)日長を江戸城にて対論(身池対論)させ、日樹、日賢、日弘、日領、日進、日充は流罪となる。
- In 1630, the Tokugawa shogunate ordered the holding of a debate at Edo-jo Castle (Miike tairon) between monks belonging to Fujufuse School, Nichiju of Ikegami Honmon-ji Temple (Tokyo), Nikken of Hokkekyo-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nikko of Hondo-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nichiryo of Konishi Danrin (a school annexed to a temple) (Chiba Prefecture), Nisshin of Enyu-ji Temple (Meguro-ku Ward, Tokyo) (Tokyo) and Nichiju of Nakamura Danrin (Chiba Prefecture), and those belonging to Jufuse School, Nikkan of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nichien of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nissen of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nitto of Myoko-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nichijun of Myohokke-ji Temple and Niccho of Renei-ji Temple (Shizuoka Prefecture), and Nichiju, Nikken, Nikko, Nichiryo, Nisshin and Nichiju were banished.
- In 1630, the Tokugawa shogunate ordered the holding of a debate at Edo-jo Cattle (Miike Tairon (Debate between Ikegami School and Minobu School)) between monks belonging to Fujufuse School, Nichiju of Ikegami Hinmon-ji Temple (Tokyo), Nikken of Hokkekyo-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nikko of Hondo-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nichiryo of Konishi Danrin (a school annexed to a temple) (Chiba Prefecture), Nisshin of Enyu-ji Temple (Meguro-ku Ward, Tokyo) (Tokyo) and Nichiju of Nakamura Danrin (Chiba Prefecture), and those belonging to Jufuse School, Nikkan of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nichien of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nissen of Kuon-ji Temple (Yamanashi Prefecture), Nitto of Myoko-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Nichijun of Myohokke-ji Temple (Shizuoka Prefecture) and Niccho of Renei-ji Temple (Shizuoka Prefecture), and Nichiju, Nikken, Nikko, Nichiryo, Nisshin and Nichiju were banished.
- したがって、信長が日蓮法華宗を不当に弾圧したという歴史学上の見解には疑義が提出されているが、一方では、信長の陰謀というより、かねてから法華宗をどう諌めようか想定していた所へ、折も折、法論を契機として、それを口実にして乗っかっただけ、という指摘や、その後浄土真宗の一向一揆に対して行ったような大規模な弾圧が行われていないことより、経済的に豊かであった日蓮法華宗寺院及び信者から矢銭を調達するための策略であったとする指摘もされている。
- Therefore, a doubt has been cast on the historical opinion that Nobunaga wrongfully oppressed the Nichiren Hokkeshu sect, but on the other hand, there are other opinions, including one that Nobunaga had thought he should have somehow remonstrate the the Hokkeshu sect and he found a timely opportunity in the debate and he decided to merely take advantage of that instead of laying a plot; and that as the Nichiren Hokkeshu sect and its followers were rich, Nobunaga plotted to raise his war funds from the sect and followers, which was why he did not seriously oppress the sect unlike his actions on the Ikko-ikki uprisings of the Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) that occurred later.