固: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 固形寒天
- Kokei-kanten (solid agar):
- ほぞを固める
- to make up one's mind (to do something)
- to resolve firmly (to do something)
- 固相合成技術
- solid-phase synthesis technique
- 法名は固禅。
- His homyo (a Buddhist name given to a person who has died or has entered the priesthood) was Kozen.
- - 固定桟橋に接続。
- It is connected to the fixed pier.
- 五、固く奢侈を禁ず。
- 5, Indulging in luxury is strictly prohibited.
- アルゴンプラズマ凝固
- argon plasma coagulation
- 東宮は白小葵文固地綾。
- The Crown Prince's Noshi was shiro koaoimon kataji aya (white firm silk cloth with pattern).
- 祭りの固有名称のあり方
- Desired form of specific name of matsuri
- 実頼は持説に固執した。
- Saneyori would not alter his opinion.
- 6月1日西八条亭に禁固
- June 1 - imprisoned at Nishi Hachijo Tei
- 義に過ぐれば固くなる。
- If you go too far into 'gi' (the terms of Confucianism referring to righteousness among others), you will become inflexible.
- 冬は白浮線綾丸文固地綾。
- White fusenryo marumon kataji aya in winter
- 天皇は冬は白小葵文固地綾。
- The Emperor wore shiro koaoimon kataji aya (white firm silk cloth with a pattern).
- 2001年育成、品種固定。
- In 2001, it was developed and the variety was fixed.
- その後禁固謹慎の身となる。
- After that, he was imprisoned without work, then put under house arrest.
- 沖守固 男爵・勲一等瑞宝章
- Morikata OKI: Baron, Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
- その後の平氏の基盤を固める。
- He established the basis for the Taira clan for coming generations.
- 一級は紫の固織物に藤丸文様。
- Purple kataorimono patterned with fujimarumonyo for ikkyu.
- また、立役も演じ脇を固めた。
- He also acted a tachiyaku (leading male-role actor), and supported kabuki plays.
- この頃北海道開拓の志を固める。
- Around this time, he made sure of his ambition for developing Hokkaido.
- 現在では日本固有のものと言える。
- It can be said that Sassei is currently peculiar to Japan.
- 墨が固形の場合、水も必要となる。
- Water is also required if Sumi is solid.
- 固有亜種(魚):ビワマス(サケ科)
- Endemic subspecies (fish): Biwa salmon (Salmonidae)
- 寒天の凝固作用は多糖類に由来する。
- The coagulation of kanten is caused by polysaccharide.
- 東福寺修正看経榜 固山一鞏筆 2巻
- 2 Tofuku-ji Temple amended sutra boards written by Kozan Ikkyo
- 二級上は紫の固織物に藤丸文様共緯。
- Purple kataorimono patterned with fujimarumonyo tomoyoko (woven from the same thickness of the warp and woof) for nikyu-jo.
- 同時に皇后の定員も1名に固定された。
- At the same time, the number of empress to be authorized at a time was fixed to one.
- 決意を固めた武時は、国春を槍で刺す。
- Taketoki, who made his decision, pierced Kuniharu with a spear.
- その時の脚本が固定されて現在に至る。
- The scenario at that time was fixed, and it has been used up to now.
- 固有の香味及び色沢が特に良好なもの。
- Unique flavor and color must be especially favorable.
- 固形墨には防腐剤の成分が含まれない。
- Solid sumi does not contain preservatives.
- 重し…紙を固定するための重りである。
- Omoshi: Weight of paper used
- しかし念仏信仰が固い事は確かである。
- It is certain, however, that he had strong faith in 'nenbutsu' (Buddhist invocation).
- 三・四級は有紋の固地綾(夏は文紗)。
- Patterned katajiaya (a thick and hard twilled fabric with a clear pattern) (monsha (patterned gauze) in summer) for sankyu (the fifth level of status) and yonkyu (the sixth level of status).
- 藩主父子は江戸にて永禁固(のち解除)。
- His father and son were sentenced to life imprisonment in Edo (later pardoned).
- 石川県白峰村の石豆腐(堅豆腐・固豆腐)
- Ishi-dofu (hard tofu) in Shiramine-mura, Ishikawa Prefecture
- 固く緻密で比重の高い木が良いとされる。
- Wood suitable for making sao is hard, fine-grained, and of a high specific gravity.
- 犬釘が軌条を固定できないためであった。
- The reason for the above was that spikes couldn't fix the track.
- 「石」は船が堅固であることの意である。
- 石' (pronounced iwa, meaning stone) meant the ship was solid.
- イランでスパイ容疑で禁固8年になった。
- She was sentenced to an eight-year prison term for the charge of espionage.
- 執行猶予付の禁固刑という有罪判決が出た。
- The chef was sentenced to imprisonment with parole.
- 同時に備えとして近国の関所を固めさせた。
- He simultaneously prepared for conflict by fortifying the barriers and checkpoints in the neighboring provinces.
- また、鏡餅を食すことを「歯固め」という。
- Eating a kagamimochi is also expressed as 'hagatame (strengthening of the teeth).'
- 雅楽が平安時代に日本化して固定した音階。
- The scale was fixed when gagaku (traditional Japanese music) was Japanized in Heian period.
- 面を装着する際、面紐により面を固定する。
- When wearing the Men, players fix it with a men himo string.
- しかし、この申し出を断固として拒否した。
- However, he refused the offer outright.
- 後妻 山川捨松(会津藩武士山川重固の娘)
- His second wife: Sutematsu YAMAKAWA (a daughter of Shigekata YAMAKAWA, a warrior of the Aizu clan)
- しかし、月山富田城の堅固さに阻まれ、断念。
- However, Gassan Toda-jo Castle was so strongly fortified that they abandoned their attempt.
- ニカワを固着材として用いたものに墨がある。
- Sumi (cake ink) is made from smoke black solidified with glue.
- 溶存物質総量および凝固点(氷点)による分類
- Categorization based the mass of dissolved ingredients and congealing point (freezing point)
- 火薬と弾丸はさく杖で銃身の奥へ押し固める。
- With a ramrod, push down and fix the gunpowder and the bullet at the bottom of the barrel.
- 液体が「生醤油」、固体が「醤油粕」である。
- The liquid is 'non-heat-treated soy-sauce' and the solid is 'soy-sauce cake.'
- 守屋は一族を集めて稲城を築き守りを固めた。
- Moriya gathered members from the same clan and built Inagi to strengthen their defenses.
- その後近藤隊に属し、池田屋の周囲を固めた。
- He then belonged to Kondo's squad and guarded the perimeter of Ikedaya.
- のちに両者は固い盟約関係を結ぶこととなる。
- Later they formed a strong alliance.
- 飴を煮立てて泡立て、その気泡ごと固める技術。
- The technique of boiling and foaming candy and solidifying the air bubbles.
- 三日目の演出で完全に固定しなければならない。
- He must fix his directions on the third day.
- また、各大名で使える模様が固定化していった。
- On the other hand, a pattern that could be used by each feudal lord was determined.
- 製造後間もない固形墨は、水分の含有量が多い。
- Fresh solid sumi contains a substantial amount of water.
- 粉末のコンニャクに果汁等を混ぜて固めたもの。
- Konnyaku jelly is fruit jelly solidified by mixing konnyaku powder and fruit juice.
- 切袴:短めの袴で特級は白い固織物に藤丸文様。
- Kiribakama: Short hakama; white kataorimono (a fabric woven tightly) patterned with fujimarumonyo (wisteria medallions) for tokkyu.
- 中大兄皇子は直ちに飛鳥寺へ入り戦備を固めた。
- Prince Naka no Oe immediately returned to Asuka-dera Temple and prepared for war.
- 天誅組の進発を察知した高取藩は防備を固める。
- The Takatori Domain, that sensed departure of Tenchu-gumi, strengthened the defense.
- 半固定型のユニット厨房や牽引式厨房車両もある。
- Currently, there are new two versions of the Mobile Food Vendor Vehicles; one, a vehicle outfit with a semi-permanent kitchen fixture unit; two, a kitchen enclosed in a trailer for towing.
- 規則に固執する役人根性 <> 「いき」な計らい
- A bureaucratic nature that sticks too closely to regulations, which is opposite to 'iki' na hakarai (good flexible arrangement)
- 体勢の崩れた相手に対し投げ技や固め技を掛ける。
- Throwing techniques or grappling can be performed against the opponent whose posture has lost balance.
- 干すことで表面に固い膜を作り、保存性が高まる。
- Drying makes the surface of seafood become hard, which ensures a better shelf life.
- なお、固形分がいわゆる酒粕(さけかす)になる。
- The solids are transformed into sakekasu (sake lees).
- 水分を飛ばして粉末や固形に加工した出汁である。
- In this type, the ingredients are processed into powder or solid form by draining the water from the raw materials.
- すね打撃が有効となるなぎなた競技に固有の防具。
- It is a protective gear specific to the naginata where the attack on shin is a valid-strike (yuko).
- 控え付きはここに牛革が入れられ固められている。
- For the yugake with hikae, a piece of cowhide is inserted to reinforce in this part.
- 価格が安くボリュームがあるので、固定客は多い。
- Chinyu has many regular customers thanks to its low price and large volume.
- また、安芸武田氏傘下の川内警固衆を組織化した。
- Motonari organized the Kawachi Keigoshu (a pirate organization) owned by the Aki-Takeda clan.
- さまざまな部族が個々に固有の神を信仰していた。
- Each of the various tribes worshiped its individual unique kami.
- 主に琵琶湖の固有種であるニゴロブナが使用される。
- Nigoro buna (Carassius auratus grandoculis) which is an indigenous species of Lake Biwa is mainly used.
- 大きく分けて2種類あり、液体、固体に分けられる。
- They are roughly divided into two types: a liquid one and a solid one.
- インド固有の言語には「カレー」という言葉はない。
- The word 'curry' does not exist in India's native languages.
- 長い年月を経て膠の枯れた固形墨を「古墨」という。
- Solid sumi where the animal glue has withered with time is called 'koboku.'
- また、即席の固形ルー (食品)が市販されている。
- Also, instant roux blocks are available.
- 親指全周を固めないため、親指の太さに合わせ易い。
- It does not reinforce around the thumb and is easy to adjust for the size of thumb.
- 寺内内閣においても内相就任を要請されるが、固辞。
- He was again requested to become the Minister of Home Affairs when the Terauchi administration started, but he again declined the request.
- 以降、上総介は大曾禰氏一流の官職として固定した。
- Since then, Kazusa no suke became a fixed post for the line of Osone clan.
- 将来の禍根を絶ち、当主の座を確固たるものとした。
- Eliminating the root of the future evil, he secured his position as the head of the family.
- 翌年には異国警固番役を任じられて播磨国に赴いた。
- The following year, he was appointed to be Ikoku keigoban yaku (military service imposed to gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) in the Kyushu region by bakufu in order to provide against the invasion of Yuan dynasty) and went to Harima Province.
- 大臣家の一つとして鎌倉時代初期にその家格を固めた。
- The family made its kakaku as one of daijinke firmly established at the beginning of the Kamakura Period.
- 固形の墨があらわれたのは中国漢に入ってからである。
- It was in Han Dynasty in China that the solid stick type appeared.
- 現在の日本猫の形は江戸時代に固定されたものである。
- The present shape of the Japanese cats is one established in the Edo period.
- この西国の警固使は東国の押領使・追捕使に該当する。
- The Keigoshi placed in the western region corresponded to Oryoshi and Tsuibushi in the eastern region.
- 蹴り技・足を使った固め技などは基本的には行わない。
- Kicking techniques and grappling with the legs are basically not used, either.
- 煉羊羹は寒天に餡を加え、さお状に固めたものである。
- Neri-yokan was made by adding bean paste into agar to set in the shape of a pole.
- 大豆固形分濃度は推定7〜8%であったと考えられる。
- The concentration of solid soybean was considered to be approximately seven to eight percent.
- 清水定固に和歌を学び、上京して徳大寺家に出仕した。
- He learned waka from Joko (定固) SHIMIZU and served the Tokudaiji family after he went up to Kyoto.
- 1238年(嘉禎4)4月24日、准三宮宣下を固辞。
- June 15, 1238: He firmly declined to declare by imperial proclamation as Jusangu (highest court rank similar to the Imperial family).
- 毎月の給与は固定給と歩合給が両方存在する形が多い。
- Most taxi companies have a system in which both straight salary and percentage pay exist for monthly salary payment.
- その後各地に広がる高望王流桓武平氏の基盤を固めた。
- The foundation of the Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) of the Prince Takamochi line was strengthened and its power expanded to other regions accordingly.
- また、勝負の日は、島に近づくことは固く禁じられた。
- They also decided to forbid people to go near the island on the appointed day.
- 顔料を練りこむか、固まった後で、塗布して色を付ける。
- The methods to give colors to the tiles are to knead pigments or to apply coating after dried out.
- フグ皮のコラーゲンがゼラチン化してゼリー状に固まる。
- Collagen in pufferfish skin jellifies the dish, setting it into a gelatin-like state.
- 医殳字は秦固有の字のため、宣王説打破の根拠となった。
- 医殳 characters were the characters specific to Qin and, therefore, this became the ground to overcome the opinion concerning the King XUAN.
- 豆乳ににがりなどの凝固剤を加えて固めると豆腐となる。
- Soymilk becomes tofu when a coagulant such as bittern is added.
- 夏も紗を用いず、冬と同様の固織物とし、単に仕立てた。
- Even in the summer, sha (silk gauze) was not used and simply tailored similarly to the Kataorimono worn in the winter.
- 手首(控え)部分に固めの為の硬い牛革等が入っている。
- The wrist (hikae) part has a hard cowhide and so on for reinforcement.
- 浄土宗檀林(浄土宗僧侶の養成所)の基礎固めを行った。
- Donryu solidified the foundation of this venue which became established among the danrin temples as a seminary for Jodo sect trainee priests.
- また、臈次制が弱体化して家格による固定化が進行した。
- As the Roji system weakened, the group's hierarchy was permanently determined by family status.
- 明治6年(1873年)に府県の再編成の方針が固まる。
- In 1873, the Meiji Government established the policy to reorganize prefectures.
- 福岡の屋台は移動販売ではなく、場所を固定して営業する。
- The street stall businesses of Fukuoka operate from a fixed place and are not mobile.
- 一説に、強飯を握り固めて鶏卵形にしたものであるという。
- According to one theory, it was egg-shaped steamed glutinous rice.
- 槨内の隙間には石灰を、石蓋をしてコンクリートで固めた。
- The empty spaces of the wooden box were filled with lime, and a stone cover placed, finally being shored up with concrete.
- うわずみを容器に移し、放冷し、トコロテンに凝固させる。
- Transfer the supernatant fluid into a container, and let it stand to cool and coagulate, thus making tokoroten (gelidium jelly).
- 以後、インスタントカレールウの主流は固形タイプになる。
- Since then, the solid type became the mainstream of instant curry roux products.
- 先述のバッテラとは異なり、型に入れて固める作業はない。
- Different from Battera stated above, the process of forming in the mold is not done.
- 手絡を固定するため鹿の子留めと呼ばれる特殊な簪を使う。
- To fix the Tegara a special hair stick called Kanokodome is used.
- まずは外側を軽く固める程度に握り、中央に具材を埋める。
- First press it lightly just solidifying outside and put fillings in the center.
- やつし事、濡れ事、口説事などの役によって地位を固めた。
- He succeeded by playing 'Yatsushigoto' (a scene with a scion falling), 'Nuregoto' (a love scene) and 'Kudokigoto' (a scene with a man making a pass at a woman).
- 江戸時代には身分や居住地域・従事職能等が固定化された。
- In the Edo period, the social status, the residential areas and the occupational functions were fixed.
- その際、日本は「朝鮮は自主の邦」という文言に固執した。
- On that occasion, Japan held by the expression, 'Korea was an independent country.'
- このように元来は多種多様であった石帯も次第に固定化する。
- In this way we can see that there were initially various kinds of sekitai, but they became gradually restricted.
- このタイプは台座に固定された立像で、着せ替えができない。
- The doll of this type is a standing statue fixed onto a pedestal and its outfit cannot be changed.
- このときは朱塗りの御用船をだして警固にあたらせたという。
- It is said red lacquered vessels chartered by the Edo bakufu guarded the area.
- 院政期にはヲコト点をはじめ訓法が流派ごとに固定してくる。
- In the Insei period, rules of kundoku regarding for Wo, Ko, To, dot, were defined according to groups.
- 固有種(プランクトン):ビワクンショウモ、ビワツボカムリ
- Endemic species (plankton): Biwakunshomo, Biwatsubokamuri
- 温度が高すぎると周りだけ固くなって、中まで火が通らない。
- If the temperature is too high, only the coating will harden and the meat will remain undercooked.
- 逆に高品質な墨液は、固形墨を磨ったものにも見劣りしない。
- On the other hand, high-quality liquid sumi stands up to those made by grinding solid sumi.
- 剣道用の市販品については竹刀と同様長さが固定されている。
- The commercial bokuto used in kendo, like the shinai (bamboo swords), are of fixed length.
- しかし天然の要塞となっていた鎌倉の切通しの守りは固かった。
- The natural fortress of the kiridoshi in Kamakura offered strong defenses.
- スギ花粉症については日本固有の疾患であると考えられていた。
- Japanese cedar pollinosis was thought to be a condition particular to Japan.
- 固形製品は、1954年に、エスビー食品がはじめて発売した。
- The first solid curry roux product was put on sale by S&B Foods, Inc. in 1954.
- 平安時代の新年行事「歯固めの儀式」を簡略化したものである。
- In the Heian period, the confection graced tables at simplified 'New Year Feast' (lit. 'teeth hardening ritual') functions marking the new year.
- 一度凝固させたこんにゃくは水溶性を持たず、強い弾力を示す。
- Once coagulated, konnyaku is insoluble in water and highly elastic.
- 芯の部分は固いため、湯通しの前後に取り除かれる場合もある。
- The rib may be removed either before or after mekabu seaweed is blanched as it is tough.
- 万延元年(1860年)に父・重固が死去したため家督を継ぐ。
- In 1860, he took over as head of the family due to his father, Shigekata's death.
- 子は阿部正表(長男)、阿部正固(次男)、阿部正倫(三男)。
- Children - 正表 ABE (oldest son), Masakata ABE (second son), Masatomo ABE (third son).
- 密かに蘇我氏体制打倒の意志を固め、擁立すべき皇子を探した。
- He secretly strengthened his intention to bring down the Soga clan's powers and searched for an imperial prince to enthrone for this purpose.
- これは、後の追捕使・押領使・警固使の祖形であるとされている。
- It is said that these persons were the predecessors of Tsuibushi (envoys to purse and capture), Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent), and Keigoshi (envoys to protect).
- ただし、堅固な土倉の出現は鎌倉時代後期とする説が有力である。
- However, the theory that strong doso (warehouse) appeared during the late Kamakura period has been widely accepted.
- 舞鶴湾口を東西から博奕岬と金ヶ岬が固めた、天然の良港である。
- The entrance to the bay is protected by the Bakuchi Misaki and Kanagamisaki Cape from east and west, which form a safe natural harbor.
- 固有種:サンネンモ(ヒルムシロ科)、ネジレモ(トチカガミ科)
- Endemic species: Sannenmo (Potamogetonaceae), Negiremo (Hydrocharitaceae)
- こうした戦国大名による強固な領国支配体制を大名領国制という。
- Such strong control by sengoku daimyo over their own territory is called a daimyo-ryogoku system (the system in which daimyos control feudal domains).
- これは各戦国大名固有の戦術ドクトリンとも密接に関連している。
- This is also closely related to tactical doctrine of individual sengoku daimyo.
- しかし、院政の出現により、貴族の家格というものが固定される。
- However, the social structure of the aristocracy became fixed with the appearance of cloistered government.
- すると中のまだ固まっていない溶き粉が鉄板側に流れ球形になる。
- Then, the dough inside the skin, which is still soft and creamy, will flow into the dent and form a ball.
- 音程は簧の固有振動によって決定し、竹管で共鳴させて発音する。
- The key is determined by the natural oscillation of the shita, and the sound is created by resonating in the bamboo tubes.
- 現在、固有種・交配種を含め600種以上の品種が自生している。
- Presently more than 600 kinds, including both endemic species and hybrids, grow wild.
- 『控え付き』に対して、手首(控え)部分に固めが入っていない。
- Contrary to 'hikaetsuki,' the wrist (hikae) part is not reinforced.
- 汝等相協戮輯睦(きょうりくしゅうぼく)して家運の鞏固を図れ。
- You must get along and cooperate with each other to make the luck of the family firm.
- 日本神話には見られない神であり、諏訪固有の神とも考えられる。
- Since Yasakatome no kami does not appear in Japanese Mythology, she is thought to be a goddess indigenous and unique to Suwa region, Nagano Prefecture.
- 日本固有の葬儀は、仏教伝来以降、急速に仏式のものが普及した。
- Since the introduction of Buddhism to Japan, Buddhist funerals spread rapidly as Japan's funeral rites.
- 康保4年(967年)、村上天皇の死去の際、伊勢固関史を任務。
- In 967, he served as Ise kogenshi (guard of the three checking stations of Osaka, Suzuka, and Fuwa surrounding the capital) upon the Emperor Murakami's death.
- 日本固有の情緒「もののあはれ」が文学の本質であると提唱した。
- He advocated that the substance of literature should be the Japanese inherent feelings of 'Mono no Aware', sensitivity to things.
- 3線もありながら発車番線は全時間帯に渡って固定されていない。
- Even though there are three platforms, the departure platform for each train is not fixed throughout the day.
- 型にとらわれない、鷹揚で自由奔放な芸風で、固定ファンも多い。
- His acting style is not fixed but easygoing and freewheeling and has a really solid base audience.
- 2審判決は、1名を重禁固15日、2名を罰金とするものだった。
- The court sentenced one person to 15 days in prison and two persons to fines.
- 平家の追討に成功した頼朝は奥州藤原氏を討ち、勢力基盤を固めた。
- Yoritomo, who succeeded in defeating the Taira family, attacked Oshu-Fujiwara clan to solidify his power base.
- 固くなった饅頭を再びおいしく食べるために家庭で揚げる事もある。
- Dried manju is sometimes deep-fried at home to make it tasty again to eat.
- もどってきた強力は「ものものしく関を固めています」と報告する。
- The Goriki returns and says, 'They are guarding the barrier in great state.'
- 「貞丈雑記」によれば、強飯を握り固めて鶏卵形にしたものである。
- According to 'Teijo-zakki' (Teijo's memorandums), it was egg-shaped steamed glutinous rice.
- 京都では細川方の兵が宇治や淀など各地の橋を焼き、4門を固める。
- In Kyoto, samurai on the Hosokawa side burnt a number of bridges including those at Uji and Yodo, and solidified the defense of the four key gates.
- 植物の組織培養や微生物培養の際、培地の固形化に用いられている。
- Kanten is used to make solid media for culturing plant tissues and microorganisms.
- こうして日本固有の文化の上に外来の文化が取り入れられていった。
- In this way, foreign cultures were added to and incorporated in the culture endemic to Japan.
- このとき蒸し時間が長いと、卵が凝固し過ぎて隙間(鬆)ができる。
- When it is steamed for too long, it gets bubbles in it as egg becomes too hard.
- ほとんど小笠原固有種なので漁期が年間二週間に限定し保護している
- The fishing season is limited to two weeks to conserve the species because it is almost a species endemic to the Ogasawara Islands.
- 日本では固有種・交配種を含め600種以上の品種が自生している。
- In Japan more than 600 kinds of both endemic species and hybrids grow wild.
- 固結びは、風呂敷の二つの角を二度絡めて結び目を作ることである。
- A Tight knot is made with two knots with two corners of the Furoshiki.
- 左右の辺を挟んだ後、上下の辺を糸で縫い止めて、布地を固定する。
- The cloth is stretched out evenly on its left and right sides, and then threads are attached to its top and bottom to fix it in place.
- 幼少の親王を将軍につけることで時宗の権力を固める意図であった。
- They intended to reinforce the power of Tokimune by making the young prince the shogun.
- 敗戦後は淡路と小豆島の守りを固め、瀬戸内の制海権維持に務めた。
- He strengthened the defenses of Awaji and Shodo-shima Island to maintain control Setouchi sea.
- 彼は熊本で住むように申し付けたが、忠隆は固辞して京都に帰った。
- He told Tadataka to live in Kumamoto, but Tadataka refused, and went back to Kyoto.
- だから、後に見るほど確固とした国衙が成立したわけではなかった。
- Therefore, Kokuga had not been established firmly as it can be seen later.
- また、隆季は城下町の建設や検地などを行なって藩政の基礎を固めた。
- Takasue also created a castle town and implemented a land survey to strengthen the administrative base of the domain.
- 老懸には紐がついており、冠が落ちないように固定する役目もあった。
- An oikake had a string and it helped a Court cap to be fixed in order not to fall from the head.
- 同県農業試験場にて純米吟醸酒に合う酒米として交配開始、選抜固定。
- Cross-fertilization was conducted by the Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station as sakamai suitable for ginjo sake with no added alcohol, and selection and fixation were conducted.
- 柔らかすぎると崩れるが、固く握りすぎると食感が悪くなるので注意。
- Note that making too soft collapses the shape and too solid ruins the texture.
- 堅帽子は牛革が二枚程度重ねられたものが入れられ、固められている。
- Kataboshi is reinforced by inserting about two sheets of cowhide.
- 官軍は授刀衛物部広成を愛発関に配して固めさせ、仲麻呂を迎え撃つ。
- The Imperial army made Jutoei (Division of Inner Palace Guards) MONONOBE no Hironari guard Arachi no-seki checking station and intercept Nakamaro.
- 代わって、播磨国姫路藩酒井家から藤井松平忠固が養子に迎えられた。
- Instead of him, Tadakata FUJII-MATSUDAIRA from the Sakai family in Himeji Domain, Harima Province, was adopted into the family.
- 長州藩は恭順派(俗論派)の牛耳るところとなり、半蔵も禁固される。
- The allegiance faction (the conventional party) won control of the Choshu clan and consequently Hanzo was confined.
- しかし、政治の粛正を図りたい仲麻呂は断固として手を緩めなかった。
- However, Nakamaro who wanted to clean up the government did not back off at all.
- 樹高が低いのは、この地の岩盤が固く、深く根を張れないためという。
- They say that the trees are so short because the bedrock there is hard, and they cannot put down deep roots.
- だが、リベラルな合議制を重んじる木戸は、これを堅く固持し続ける。
- Respecting a more liberal collegial system, he firmly rejected the request.
- 金本位制というのは、固定相場制の一種としてとらえることができる。
- Gold standard system is apprehended as one of the fixed exchange rate system.
- 彼らは強固な組合をもち、江戸酒問屋や江戸十組問屋を組織していった。
- They were associated with each other strongly, and organized the wholesale sale of sake in Edo and Edo tokumidonya (a guild of wholesale merchants of ten products in Edo).
- このため、土壌が地面に固定されるようになって次第に黄砂の量は減る。
- Therefore, the soil become more fixed on the surface of the land and consequently the amount of kosa decreases gradually.
- 豆腐の凝固は豆乳のたんぱく質が凝固剤によりゲル化することで起こる。
- The coagulation of tofu is caused by the gelatinization of soy milk protein by a coagulant.
- 固形墨は主な原料である煤の違いによって、松煙墨と油煙墨に分かれる。
- Depending on the soot, which is the main ingredient, solid sumi is divided into burnt pine ink and lamp soot ink.
- 一般的な羊羹と同様に砂糖と餡を寒天で固めるのが典型的な製法である。
- The typical way of making mizu-yokan is similar to that of regular yokan, which is to mix sugar and bean jam together and make it hard by cooking with agar.
- その後、冷まして煮汁の表面に固まったラードを取り除いた上で煮返す。
- Then let them cool, remove lard solidified on the surface of broth, and boil them again.
- 父は会津藩国家老・山川重固、母は会津藩家臣・西郷近登之の娘・えん。
- His father was Shigekata YAMAKAWA, a kunigaro (the chief retainer in charge of the fief in the absence of the lord) of the Aizu Domain, his mother was En, a daughter of Chikatoshi SAIGO, a vassal of the Aizu Domain.
- 中央進出のための地固めとして、播磨国内の各地を転戦、勝利を重ねた。
- In order to lay the groundwork to advance to the capital, they fought battles in various places in Harima Province and won victories.
- 6月2日 (旧暦)(7月10日)、従二位権大納言に昇叙転任も固辞。
- On June 2 (New calendar: July 10), he was ordered to be promoted and transferred to Junii (Junior Second Rank) Gon Dainagon (a provisional chief councilor of state), but refused it firmly.
- 神葬祭(しんそうさい)とは、日本固有の宗教である神道の葬儀である。
- Shinsosai refers to funeral rites performed by Shinto, Japan's original religion.
- 皇后宮と中宮との使い分けについても固定した明確なルールは存在しない。
- There are no clear rules about usage of Kisai no miya and chugu.
- しかし、あまりに堅固過ぎたため、主君より謀叛の疑念を買い謀殺された。
- However, he was suspected of rebellion by his master since the renovated castle was fortified, and he was eventually assassinated.
- 天狗となってもなお僧の位階に固執するかのように僧衣を身に纏い続けた。
- Although he became a tengu, he still wore the priest's robe as if he persisted in the dignity as a priest.
- やや固めに炊き上げた飯を熱々のうちに飯切りに移し、すし酢をあわせる。
- Transfer the firm rice to a hangiri (wooden tub for cooling cooked sushi rice) while still being hot and mix it with sushi vinegar.
- これは国衙が、田堵負名と特定の名田が固着化するのを避けたためである。
- This was because kokuga tried to prevent tato fumyo from having a firm relationship with specific myoden.
- 室町時代に至ると、武家の主従関係はそれ以前よりは強固とな関係となる。
- As it became the Muromachi period, the relationship between master and vassal among samurai became comparably stronger to earlier times.
- 南側を固めていた杉豊後守は義弘の死を知らされて敵陣に切り込んで討死。
- When Bungo no kami SUGI, who was reinforcing the south side of the city, was told of Yoshihiro's death, he cut his way into the enemy's formation and died in battle.
- これはテングサが高価であり、またテングサのみでは固すぎるためである。
- This is because tengusa seaweed is expensive and because pure tengusa consolidates too hard.
- いずれも豆乳を凝固させただけの状態で、水分をしぼる前なので柔らかい。
- Each of the above is soft because it's in the state of only curdling soy milk and water is not squeezed out.
- 足袋(たび)とは日本固有の伝統的な衣類で、足に履く一種の下着である。
- A pair of tabi is a Japan-specific traditional item of clothing, and a kind of underwear worn on the feet.
- 40cm程の長さで、七つの音孔を持ち、穴の周囲は漆で固められている。
- It's 40cm long, and has seven tone holes which circumferences are hardened with lacquer.
- ただし、UCCの缶コーヒーは、乳固形分の比率が高く乳飲料に該当する。
- However, UCC canned coffee is categorized as a milk beverage due to its high ratio of milk solids.
- 春宮大夫には実資が推薦されたが、実資は老衰の身であるとして固辞した。
- Although recommended as Shungu no daibu (Chief Officer of the Crown Prince's palace), Sanesuke declined the offer for the reason that he was getting too old for the job.
- 神道は太古の日本から信仰されてきた固有の文化に起源を持つ宗教である。
- Shinto is a religion originating in particular cultural traditions that have been believed since ancient Japan.
- その間に学制の基礎固め・四民平等・警察制度整備など近代化政策を推進。
- It was during this time that he implemented modernization policies including laying the foundations of the education system, advocating equality for all, and organizing the police system
- ところが、断固としてこれを許すまいとしたのが株持ち酒屋たちであった。
- Kabumochi breweries, however, rose up against this situation in a determined manner.
- だから何時迄も従来の篆隷楷行草に固執する必要はないと云ふことになる」。
- Therefore, it is unnecessary to firmly stick to traditional ten-sho, rei-sho, kai-sho, gyo-sho or so-sho cerographic styles.'
- 上記の関東御分国や東大寺知行国の周防などは知行国固定化の典型例である。
- The provincial territories belonging to the Kamakura bakufu and Suo, a chigyo-koku province of Todai-ji Temple were typical examples.
- 以仁王と頼政が反平氏を唱えた挙兵の意思を固めた経緯と動機には諸説ある。
- Theories abound as to the beginnings of and motives behind the stiffening of the resolve of prince Mochihito and Yorimasa to raise an army against the Taira clan.
- 形状としては大型の洋弓銃に盾と脚立を備え固定式にしたものとなっている。
- It had a fixed style with a big bow gun, a shield and stepladder.
- これを搾って、白米・米麹などの固形分と、生酒となる液体分とに分離する。
- Such moromi is squeezed to separate the solids such as polished rice and malted rice, and liquid which becomes namazake.
- 餅が柔らかいうちはそのまま、固くなった場合は焼いたり油で揚げて食べる。
- Daifuku is eaten as is while it is warm and, when it is cooled and becomes hard, it is eaten toasted or fried in oil to be eaten.
- この時の米の状態は祝いごとの時に食べる赤飯と同じか若干固い程度である。
- The state of the rice in this stage is that the rice has a hardness equal to that of festive red rice or a little harder.
- 襲も同様で、色の重ね方に決まりがあり、それぞれに固有の呼び名があった。
- There were also rules and specific names for the color combinations of Kasane (adding colors) as well.
- しかしその状態になるには、墨液よりも、摩った固形墨の方が良いと言える。
- However, it can be said that ground Chinese ink stick is better than liquid Chinese ink in reaching this state.
- 頑固で芸に厳しい性格であった壽輔は、芸のためには努力を惜しまなかった。
- Jusuke, who was unyielding and strict about his accomplishments, spared no effort in realizing them.
- 慶長6年(1601年)、高崎藩13万石への加増を打診されるが固辞した。
- In 1601, he got a proposal to change his territory to the Takasaki Domain and an increase of his yield to 130,000 koku but he tuned down this offer.
- :予備役に編入(元帥 (日本)位へ推薦の話もあったが本人が固辞した)。
- He transferred to the reserve as an officer (he was recommended to the general of the army; however, he declined).
- 大ヒットしベストテン1位も獲得、シナリオライターとしての地位を固めた。
- It was a major hit and was ranked number one in the top 10 ranking; reinforcing his position as a screenwriter.
- 百姓が刀や脇差、弓 (武器)、槍、銃などの武器を持つことを固く禁じる。
- Strictly prohibit the peasants from possessing weapons including katana (sword), wakizashi (sword shorter than katana), bow (weapon), yari (spear), and muskets.
- 八丈島への終身流刑は27人、81人が禁固、謹慎など多数に至るに及んだ。
- A lot of people were punished; 27 people were sentenced to life deportation to Hachijo-jima Island, 81 people were sentenced to imprisonment and house arrest and so on.
- しかし、平氏は壕をめぐらし、逆茂木を重ねて陣を固めて待ちかまえていた。
- However, the Taira clan army had firmed up their battle formation by digging trenches around them and constructed several layers of Sakamogi (fence made of thorny or steeple branches to prevent the entry of an enemy) fences, and commenced to wait.
- 山県は西園寺公望に組閣を命じたが西園寺はこれを固辞し、原敬を推薦した。
- YAMAGATA ordered Kinmochi SAIONJI to form a government but SAIONJI refused it firmly and recommended Takashi HARA.
- しかしその直後息子天皇が病に倒れ、譲位を固辞していた所崩御してしまった。
- However, immediately after that, Emperor Monmu (her son) was taken with illness and died in bed, firmly refusing to admit abdication of the emperorship.
- 小弓公方の滅亡により、北条氏の南関東における覇権確立の基礎が固められた。
- The end of Oyumi-kubo enabled the Hojo clan to strengthen its base and establish its supremacy in southern Kanto region.
- この時点では巾子と本体は別のものであり、纓は本体を固定する紐に過ぎない。
- A koji and the main part of a Court cap were separated at that time, and ei strings were used only to fix the main part.
- その書法は江戸の門人細井広沢に伝えられ、唐様の流行を確固たるものにした。
- This calligraphic style was transferred to Kotaku HOSOI, his follower in Edo, establishing the popularity of the Chinese calligraphic style.
- また、曲がった形を固定したり、紙を伸ばして(歪ませて)折ることもできる。
- It allows curved shape to be fixed and paper to be folded with it stretched (or distorted).
- 具が餡のように固い場合はひねるように入れるのが低く平らに焼くコツである。
- If the filling is hard and stiff like bean paste, the filling can be filled evenly if it is twisted as is put into the cake mold.
- 切ったダイコンとニンジンに塩をふり、しんなりしたら固く絞って水気をとる。
- Salt the shredded daikon and carrot and when they are tender, wring them dry.
- 開化党(革新派)と頑固党(保守派)が激しく対立して、士族階層は動揺した。
- The Civilization Party (reformists) and the Resolute Party (conservatives) cut each other's throats, shaking the foundation of the warrior class.
- 根状の部分で岩などに固着し、葉状部を水中に伸ばし、長さは2mにも達する。
- The root-shaped part adheres to rocks while the phylloid part extends into the water, and its length reaches two meters.
- しかし、書籍の出版によって、それが現在のいわゆる河童に固定されていった。
- However, because books were published, the current form of the so-called kappa became established.
- 固形墨においても墨液においても、年月が経てば膠の成分が変質して弱くなる。
- Whether it's solid sumi or liquid sumi, the components of animal glue deteriorate over time.
- また、古くから日本固有の俗信として、鰻と梅干は食いあわせが悪いとされる。
- Furthermore, as an ancient superstition unique to Japan, eating eels and pickled plums is considered a bad combination.
- 次には二度煮をおこない、前回の煮熟の不足を補い、かつ、形状を固定させる。
- Next, the meat is stewed again in order to make up for the short time of the first stewing and to fix the form.
- 坂東平氏の勢力を拡大、その後各地に広がる高望王流桓武平氏の基盤を固めた。
- He had extended the power of Bando-Heishi (Taira clan) and then strengthened the foundation of Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), the line of Prince Takamochi, being expanded many parts of the country.
- 学識を評価され、藤田東湖らに水戸藩への出仕を勧められたが固辞したという。
- Since his scholarly acquisition was highly evaluated, he was encouraged to serve in the Mito Domain but he declined to do so.
- またレールが固定されないため線路間隔がずれて列車が脱線することもあった。
- Further, the gauge became uneven because the track was not fixed, and trains sometimes went off the track.
- 兄・海幸彦は、弟・山幸彦との戦いに敗れて、代々、宮城の警固に任じられた。
- After Umisachihiko was defeated in battle against his younger brother, Yamasachihiko, he became guard of Miyagi Prefecture for generations.
- これらの紐は6本を並べて先を下に折って、綴じ糸で強く巻き、結んで固定する。
- These six ropes are lined up, folded downward, binding strings are tied round the ropes tightly in a knot to fix the ropes.
- これは定番で、山科流では松のおおよその枝ぶり、ツルの向きまで固定していた。
- This is the standard design, and Yamashina school fixed shape of branches of the pine tree and the direction of cranes.
- また、国司の恣意を廃して、諸国の官物税率を固定化する公田官物率法を定めた。
- The central government also eliminated arbitrariness of kokushi and enforced Koden kanmotsu rippo (the law fixing the tax rate of kanmotsu, tribute) to fix the tax rate of kanmotsu in every province.
- 通常は、紙を屏風折にして両側に固い表紙をつけた「御朱印帳」に押してもらう。
- Goshuin is usually stamped on a 'goshuin-cho' (goshuin note) created by folding paper in multiple panels and attaching hard cover pages.
- 出羽守・源光国、丹後守・平正盛、左衛門尉・源為義が院御所・内裏を警固した。
- The governor of Dewa Province, MINAMOTO no Mitsukuni, the governor of Tango Province, TAIRA no Masamori, and Saemon no jo (third-ranked officer of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi guarded the dairi (Imperial Palace) and In-Gosho.
- しかし淀藩は新政府と戦う意思がなく、城門を固く閉じ旧幕府軍の入城を拒んだ。
- The Yodo domain, however, did not want to fight the new government's forces, and secured the castle gate, refusing the former Shogunate forces entry to the castle.
- 羊羹(ようかん)は、一般には小豆を主体とした餡を寒天で固めた和菓子である。
- Yokan, in general, is a Japanese confection which is made by jellifying bean jam, mainly made from adzuki beans, with Japan agar.
- 同県農業試験場にて秋系酒251/秋系酒306を交配し、選抜・固定を進めた。
- The agricultural experiment station of Akita Prefecture cross-fertilized Aki-kei sake 251/Aki-kei sake 306, and carried out selection and fixation.
- 東北電力の子会社である加工米育種研究所にて育成固定、2001年に品種登録。
- Kakomai Ikushu Kenkyusho, a subsidiary of Tohoku-Electric Power Co., Inc., developed and fixed the variety, and in 2001 the variety was registered.
- 太平洋戦争をまたいで長い時間がかかったが、1952年に育成固定、品種登録。
- Although it took a long time, spanning the War of the Pacific, the variety was fixed and registered in 1952.
- ソーミンチャンプルー:沖縄県の、固くゆでた素麺を焼きうどん風に炒めたもの。
- Somin chanpuru: Hard-boiled somen stir-fried like yaki udon noodles (stir-fried udon noodles) in Okinawa Prefecture.
- この基本となる結びは「一つ結び」と「固結び(真結び・かなむすび)」である。
- These basic Musubi are 'Simple knot' and 'Tight knot (reef knot/Kanamusubi).'
- 三条天皇の譲位に伴う固関・警固の儀式が行われ、顕光は自らこれを買って出た。
- Akimitsu volunteered to organize ceremony for strengthening of the guard at checkpoints related to the enthronement ceremony of Emperor Sanjo.
- 吉川元春と小早川隆景による毛利両川体制を確固たるものとしていったのである。
- He thus solidified the Mori-Ryosen system that combined the leadership of Motoharu KIKKAWA and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA.
- このため斉昭は阿部に迫り、老中の松平乗全、松平忠固の2名の更迭を要求する。
- Nariaki pressured Abe and demanded the replacement of two Roju members: Noriyasu MATSUDAIRA and Tadakata MATSUDAIRA.
- だが「余命幾ばくもない自分には有り難いが不要」と固辞したと伝えられている。
- However, it is said that he firmly refused saying 'thank you, but I don't have much time to live, so I don't need it.'
- 曾孫の緒方富雄は東京大学で血清学の研究を行い、日本の血清学の基礎を固めた。
- Koan's great-grandson, Tomio OGATA, studied serology at the University of Tokyo and solidified the foundation of serology in Japan.
- 戦国時代 (日本)末期には城郭に匹敵する堅固な石垣をめぐらして要塞化した。
- In the late Sengoku (Warring States) period, Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple was fortified with stone walls which were as strong as castle walls.
- 別天津神より「国を固めよ」との命令を受けてから「命」に神号が変わっている。
- Upon receiving an order from Kotoamatsukami to 'Solidify a country', their shingo changed to 'mikoto'.
- 両者は永禄5年(1562年)、同盟を結んで互いに背後を固めた(清洲同盟)。
- They made an alliance in 1562 and reinforced their rear (Kiyosu alliance).
- またこの頃、娘を二本松城主畠山義継の子・二本松義綱に嫁がせて足場を固めた。
- Also around the same time, Sadatsuna had his daughter marry Yoshitsuna NIHONMATSU, the son of Yoshitsugu HATAKEYAMA, the castellan of the Nihonmatsu-jo Castle, to consolidate a foothold.
- 江戸初期の書物「寧固斎談叢」では前田利常との恋愛関係が取りざたされている。
- Neikosai Danso' (the collection of commentaries by Neikosai) which was written in the early Edo period refers to a romantic relationship between Tadaharu HORIO and Toshitsune MAEDA.
- これは家業の成立によって、特定の家柄が固定されるようになったためでもある。
- Also, this is because specific family lineage became fixed from the formation of family business.
- 第二次世界大戦後、憲法改正の気運が高まる中、美濃部は憲法改正に断固反対した。
- After the World War II, Minobe violently disagreed on a constitutional amendment while a trend toward constitutional amendment was growing.
- このほかにもいろいろなバリエーションがあり、山科流の固定性とは対照的である。
- There are a variety of other approaches in contrast to the fixed form of Yamashina school.
- 後白河も自らの力の弱さを自覚していたからこそ、成親擁護に固執したと見られる。
- It is thought that Goshirakawa persisted to protect Narichika because he was also aware of his own weakness.
- 嫡流は「イエ」の財産が領地として固定化され、それを継承するところから始まる。
- The main family line started as the inheritance of a 'house' became fixed to an estate and was passed down generations.
- 賀茂大橋から四条大橋までの一直線の河道はこの時に固定されたと考えられている。
- The straight waterway between the Kamo Ohashi and Shijo Ohashi Bridges was believed to have been secured at this period.
- 方形の墓坑を掘って内壁をコンクリートで固め、その中に棺を入れた木槨を納めた。
- When the mausoleum was constructed, a square pit was dug at first, and then the inner wall was shored up with concrete, and thirdly the wooden box keeping the coffin in was laid down.
- この旧道は2009年現在ゲートによって固く閉ざされており、廃道となっている。
- As of 2009 this old road was closed with a gate and abandoned.
- 義朝は宮中の軍馬を管理する左馬頭であり、両者の同盟関係はさらに強固となった。
- At that point Yoshitomo was Commander of the Imperial Stables of the Left, in charge of all the horses at the imperial palace, and the two of them only grew closer through their similar appointments.
- 寒天で固めた培地は寒天培地と呼ばれ、ほとんど培地の代名詞のような存在である。
- Any medium solidified by kanten is called 'agar medium,' and this term has become a synonym for all culture media.
- また、6本の弦と固定フレットを持ち棒(匙)で弾奏する玄琴(コムンゴ)がある。
- There also exists six-stringed instrument with fixed fret called komungo, and people play it using a stick (spoon).
- 水分が浮かび固形分の体積が減じた臭気を放つ桶の中からフナの身は取り出される。
- When the brine that forms has risen to above the fish as a result of the volume of the solid part of the fish having been reduced, which causes an unpleasant odor to be emitted, the funa is removed from the barrel.
- 灰の上に火のついていない炭をのせ、固形燃料などを使って火をつける方法もある。
- It is also possible to light the charcoal directly on the ash using briquettes.
- 武官の朝服には、ウエストを固定するための革のベルトがあったと考えられている。
- It is considered that Chofuku for military officers were secured by leather belts.
- 両足を袴のなかに入れた後、前布、後布の順番で紐を腰に結びつけ、袴を固定する。
- Put your legs into the hakama, tie the straps around your waist from the front cloth to the back cloth and fix the hakama.
- 焼くときは崩れにくいように、木綿豆腐などの固めの豆腐を更に水切りして用いる。
- Firmer types of tofu such as momendofu are used after further draining to cook baked dishes to avoid crumbling.
- この後、“吉川”と名前が固まるのは鬼吉川と呼ばれた名将・吉川経基の頃である。
- The name of 'Kikkawa' subsequently became established during the times of Tsunemoto KIKKAWA, the great commander who was referred to as Oni Kikkawa (literally, Kikkawa, the devil) (the nickname of Tsunemoto KIKKAWA).
- 内室藤原百能(ももよ)は豊成の死後、十二女司で絶大な地位を固めることになる。
- FUJIWARA no Momoyo, Toyonari's wife solidified her position in Junimeno tsukasa (the twelve women's offices in the palace) after his death.
- このように、外来の宗教である仏教と対になる日本固有の信仰を指したものだった。
- Accordingly, Shinto represented a Japanese peculiar belief which was opposed to Buddhism as a foreign religion.
- 愛発の後任の大納言には良房が就任し、これを契機にその権力基盤を固めていった。
- Yoshifusa was assigned to Dainagon after Chikanari, and began to take this opportunity to solidify the foundation of his power.
- いずれも高い評価と手堅い成績を収め、山田の映画作家としての地位を固めていく。
- These were highly acclaimed and achieved good results, solidifying Yamada's position as a filmmaker.
- 一方で頑固な面もあり、一度言い出すとテコでも動かないところがあったともいう。
- On the other hand, he was very stubborn, and he would never go back on his word.
- 近年では、継体以前には大王の地位は特定の血縁に固定されなかったとする説も強い。
- Recently, another prevailing opinion says that the position of great king had not been occupied by a specific blood relationship before Keitai.
- 上皇は特別華麗な生地の直衣も用いたが、一般には貴族と同じく白浮線綾丸文固地綾。
- The retired emperor sometimes wore Noshi made with a special elegant fabric, but generally it was same as court noble's Noshi, such as shiro fusenryo marumon kataji aya.
- 日本髪(にほんがみ)は、広義では古墳時代から昭和戦前までの日本固有の髪形の事。
- The Japanese coiffure by a broad definition refers to the coiffure unique to Japan from the Tumulus Period to the pre-war Showa Period.
- 食材は相互に、また容器に接しないようにその間に十分に酒粕を詰めて固く漬け込む。
- When puttting the foodstuff, fill sake lees to capacity so as to keep the foodstuff from sticking each other or to the container.
- 代々の支配者たちは、社会構造を固定することにより帝国経済の維持を図っていった。
- Successive rulers tried to maintain the imperial economy by fixing the social structure.
- 合気道の技は相手の攻撃に対して投げ技・もしくは固め技にて応じるのが基本である。
- The fundamental principle of aikido technique is to respond to the opponent's attack with throws or by grappling.
- 卵焼き、玉子焼き(たまごやき)は、卵を溶きほぐしたものを焼き固める料理の総称。
- Tamagoyaki is a general term for Japanese egg dishes in which eggs are beaten and cooked in a pan.
- 和服は、腰の位置で帯(おび)を結ぶことによって長着(ながぎ)を体に固定させる。
- When you wear Wafuku, an ankle-length Kimono called 'Nagagi' is secured with Obi tied at the waist.
- 正月の間は食べず鏡開きのときに固くなったものを包丁を用いず、木槌等で砕き割る。
- This mochi is not eaten during the new year period and, after this mochi becomes hard, is crushed with a wooden hammer, etc., without using any knife in kagami-biraki (a ceremony held on January 11).
- 油や石油、マツなどのススをゼラチンで固め、保存性を高めたものが市販されている。
- Solidified soot of grease, oil, pine, and others and with increased preserving properties are available on the market.
- また、殻付きでは低温殺菌して白身が半ば固まった卵がパック入りで販売されている。
- As for eggs in shell, those with the whites half set from pasteurization are sold in a package.
- 帽子(親指)に固めの為の角が入っておらず、皮革が2枚以上重ねてあるのみである。
- The boshi (thumb) has no tsuno inside to be reinforced, and there is just more than two sheets of leather on it.
- 父頼胤の死後、元寇による異国警固番役で九州に下向し、大隅国守護職を与えられた。
- After the death of his father, Yoritane, he went down to Kyushu as a guard against the Mongol invasion of Japan, and was awarded the post of Osumi shugoshiki (provincial constables of Osumi Province).
- 中国大陸進出を主張し、「一代で巨万の富を築いた自分は超人である」と固く信じた。
- He insisted on advancing to the Chinese Continent and strongly believed 'I am a superman who established millions of wealth on my own..'
- この訴えを受けた容保のとりなしで近藤は身を改め、新選組は固い結束を取り戻した。
- Katamori MATSUDAIRA, who had received the report, guided Isami KONDO into mending his ways and the Shinsengumi recovered its strong unity.
- (2両固定編成のデオ800系、デオ900形では連結面側は少し内側に寄っている)
- As for the Deo Series 800 and Deo Type 900 (which comprise two fixed cars), a door on the connection side is placed inward.
- 日本の固有の伝承は元来干支記事などもなく、史実の核は非常に乏しいと考えられる。
- Originally, a tradision native to Japan has no recorded articles about the Oriental zodiac; so, scholars believed in the extreme scarcity of an identifiable foundation for these historical facts.
- 近代化を急ぐあまり、固有の慣習から乖離した、地方の実情に合わない制度であった。
- The system did not fit into the reality of regions and disregarded customs unique to them, as the government was in a hurry for modernizing the nation.
- 金本位制はほかのドルペッグ制などとは違った固定相場制としての特質を持っている。
- Gold standard system has a characteristic of fixed exchange rate system, which is different from dollar peg system, etc.
- 皇族がヨーロッパの王室に倣って軍人になる中、親王は固辞し文官であることを通した。
- While other members of the Imperial family became military men in accordance with customary practice of royal families in Europe, the Imperial Prince refused and remained a civil officer.
- このころに「水辺の風景を表す」という現代の茶屋辻を意味づける特徴も固定化された。
- At that time the 'depiction of water scenery' that features the present-day Chayatsuji was also fixed.
- 長い期間自立したためその中には琵琶湖にのみ生息する固有種も数多く確認されている。
- Among them, there are many species indigenous to Lake Biwa because the area has been independent for such a long time.
- 固関使が派遣され関所が固められ、さながら承平・天慶の乱の時のようであったという。
- Guards were dispatched to man the checking stations, and the situation seemed to be identical to that the war of Johei-Tengyo erupted.
- 糸の構造は他の多くの和楽器糸と同じく、単糸を更に四本撚り合わせ、糊で固めたもの。
- As with ito of other traditional Japanese musical instruments, ito is produced by twisting four threads and pasting them together.
- 1936年、山田錦/愛知三河錦4号を交配、太平洋戦争を経て1958年に育成固定。
- In 1936, Yamada nishiki/Aichi mikawa nishiki No.4 were cross-fertilized, and in 1958, after the Pacific War, breeding was fixed.
- これによってパートが固定され緊密化され、合奏音楽としての完成度が高くなっている。
- Thus the parts became fixed but closely coupled, and the music reached a high degree of perfection as an ensemble form.
- しかしインド料理にはそれぞれ固有の名称があり、○○カレーといった呼び方はしない。
- However, since each Indian dish has its own name, they are not called curry.
- 重ねの色目には裏と表の取り合わせで固有の呼び名があり、春夏秋冬に分類されていた。
- The combinations of outer materials and linings of Kasane (layer) had specific names for each, which were categorized by season.
- 侯串(こうぐし・ごうぐし)と呼ばれる、さすまた状の串を支えとして安土に固定する。
- The mato is settled on the azuchi supported by a kogushi (also known as gogushi), a stick in a sasumata (weapon with a U-shaped metal prong attached to the end of a wooden stick) shape.
- 辛加知には変事に備え愛発関(近江国と越前の国境の関所)を固めることが求められた。
- Shikachi was asked to guard Arachi no-seki checking station (a checking station between Omi Province and Echizen Province) in preparation for coups.
- 慶応4年(1868年)1月2日、新選組も竹中重固に属して大阪を出撃、伏見に布陣。
- On January 26, 1868, Shinsengumi also joined up with Shigekata TAKENAKA and attacked Osaka and made a formation in Fushimi.
- だが、後に養父・経則に阿固丸(後の穂波経治)・稲丸(後の勧修寺経理)が誕生する。
- However, after the adoption, Tsunetoki, Akiteru's foster father, had his biological sons, Akomaru (later Tsuneharu HONAMI) and Inamaru (later Tsuneosa KASHUJI).
- これは乗全、忠固の罷免に対して、直弼を筆頭とする溜間諸侯が一矢報いた形といえる。
- It is said that the lords of the Tamarinoma, led by Naosuke, retaliated against the dismissal of Tadakata and Noriyasu to some extent.
- 僧侶が町家に居住することが固く禁じられたため、実家に迷惑がかからないためだった。
- It was strictly banned for a Buddhist monk to live in a merchant house, so he intended not to trouble family members of his parents' home.
- 十年計画の満期が近くなった1881年(明治14年)に開拓使の廃止方針が固まった。
- In 1881 when the expiration date of the ten-year project was close, the policy to abolish the Hokkaido Development Agency was settled.
- 清朝から西欧列強の情報を得ていた大院君は、断固として鎖国を維持する姿勢を貫いた。
- Daewongun had already received information on the powerful countries of Western Europe from the Qing dynasty, so he firmly maintained the policy of national isolation.
- 錦織は、家宅侵入罪に問われ禁固処分を受けるとともに、偏執的な行動が批判を受ける。
- NISHIGORI was accused of unlawful entry and was punished by imprisonment, and the public criticized his actions as paranoia.
- 尊の「吾妻はや」という言葉とあわせると、ふたりは固い絆で結ばれていたことがわかる。
- Considering together with Yamatotakeru's word, 'Ah, my wife,' we can know how strong the bond between them was.
- ただし、頼朝より願い出された征夷大将軍への就任と九条兼実の関白就任は断固拒否する。
- However the Emperor firmly refused Yoritomo's application to become a seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and for Kanezane KUJO to become the Chief Adviser to the Emperor.
- 京都市の財政難から2009年3月8日の第16回大会を最後に中止の方針を固めている。
- Due to financial difficulties, Kyoto City decided to discontinue the tradition after the 16th event on March 8, 2009.
- 海賊鎮圧の過程で、純友を含め、瀬戸内海諸国には海賊対応のための警固使が設置された。
- In the process of suppressing the activities of the pirates, Keigoshi, including Sumitomo, were placed in provinces along the Seto Inland Sea.
- それぞれ固有の主題と新しい傾向をみせているとの評価もあり、近年見直しが進んでいる。
- On the other hand, there is a different opinion that each story has its own subject and a new tendency; their reputation has been reviewed in recent years.
- こうした流れの中で、兵の家の中から軍事を専門として従事する家系が固定化していった。
- Meanwhile, some families from tsuwamono-no-ie established themselves as being specialized in military affairs.
- 容器に移し替えた後、3時間程度、自然に放熱させ、固める(冷蔵庫では失敗しやすい)。
- Once moved into a container, the tengusa is then left for about three hours to lose heat naturally, until set (it tends to fail that the tengusa is cooled in a refrigerator).
- 柄頭側から柄に通し、滑りにくいゴム等で出来ている鍔止めを同様に柄に通して固定する。
- The tsuba is slid from the tsuka-gashira (pommel) to the tsuka and is held in place with a tsubadome, made of non-slip rubber, which is also put on from the tsuka.
- この固体選抜の規模は突然変異育種としては過去50年間のなかで国内最大規模であった。
- The scale of this individual selection was one of the biggest in the breeding of mutants in Japan in the past 50 years.
- 普段は筒に収められており、この筒に「銘」(その茶杓に付けられた固有の名前)を記す。
- Usually, Chashaku is kept in a storage tube, on which a 'poetic name' (a unique name given to the storage tube) is inscribed.
- 「騎射」の名の通り流鏑馬で使われ、手綱を取る為に親指、手首共に固めが入っていない。
- As the name 'kisha' (to shoot an arrow with riding a horse) suggests, it is used in yabusame (horseback archery) and a thumb and a wrist are not reinforced because of holding the reins.
- 10月に朝野新聞に移り編集長となるが政府批判問題で再び、禁固・罰金刑を科せられる。
- Although he moved to the Asano Shinbun (Asano Newspaper) to become the chief editor in October, he was again sentenced to imprisonment and fine for criticizing the government.
- なお、宝亀11年(780年)に、宇合の時の警固式を用いるようにとの命令が出ている。
- Moreover, in 780, he gave out the command to use the Umakai styled guard.
- 大地が完全に凝固した時を神格化したもので、「ヂ」は男性、「ベ」は女性の意味である。
- Otonoji and Otonobe are the deification of the earth when it was completely coagulated; 'ji' in the name of Otonoji means man and 'be' in that of Otonobe means woman.
- これは、古代においては神社の祭神というものがその神社固有のものであったためである。
- This is because in ancient times, enshrined deities were unique to shrines.
- 文面がほぼ同じ形で固定したのは、このような文例に従って詔が作られたためと考えられる。
- A certain conformity found in the writing pattern of the edicts might be due to the fact that the edicts were written following such model phrases.
- 初代藩主・吉親は園部城築城や検地、城下町の建設や治水事業に励んで藩政の基礎を固めた。
- Yoshichika, the first lord of the domain, strengthened the foundations of the administration through construction of Sonobe-jo Castle, implementing a land survey, building the castle town, and implementing flood control measures.
- ただしこれはあくまで焼き固められた砂糖菓子であり、飴状のものを加工したものではない。
- However, it was a sugar confectionery baked and solidified, not a processed product of sugar-paste.
- 朝廷は対応を幕府へ一任し、幕府は回答しないことを決定、西国の防御を固めることとした。
- The Imperial Court entrusted the matter to the bakufu which decided not to respond but instead strengthened the defense of Saigoku.
- 7日、13日には大衆の再入洛の噂が流れ、後白河は検非違使に命じて西坂本を警固させる。
- On the February 1 and 7, there was a rumor that daishu may go into Kyoto again, and Goshirakawa ordered kebiishi to guard Nishisakamoto.
- 表面は少し固く、中は完全に固まらずクリーム状にとろみのある状態が上手い焼き方である。
- It is most delicious when the surface is a little solid and the center is creamy, not completely solidified.
- 現在の日本では硫酸カルシウムやグルコノデルタラクトンなどが凝固剤として多く使われる。
- Calcium sulfate, glucono-delta-lactone and so forth are often used as coagulants in modern-day Japan.
- 針金で芯となるボール(できあがりの半分ぐらいの大きさ)を造り、杉の葉を固定していく。
- A ball of wires is made as the core (half the size of finished work) to insert fir leaves.
- このとき荒田尾赤麻呂は、「古京は本営のある場所で、固く守るべきだ」と吹負に進言した。
- Then, ARATAO no Akamaro told OTOMO no Fusui that Kokyo should be firmly guarded because their headquaters was located..
- 景時が尋問役となったが重忠は身の潔白を断固として反駁し、頼朝もようやく疑いを解いた。
- Kagetoki became the inspector: Shigetada refuted Kagetoki's interrogation insisting his innocence repeatedly; Yoritomo eventually dropped his suspicion.
- なお、遺体は死後硬直やそうでなくても最近はドライアイスなどで固まっている場合がある。
- Incidentally, rigor mortis sometimes has already set in, or even if it has not, there are cases these days in which the body has already become stiff because of dry ice, and so on.
- その面積がおおむね360歩であったことから、1反は360歩に固定されるようになった。
- The area was equal to approximately 360 bu; therefore 1 tan was set to be 360 bu (1,191.6 square meters).
- 第59代宇多天皇女御、第60代醍醐天皇・敦慶親王・敦固親王・柔子内親王・敦実親王生母。
- She was Nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court (a consort of an emperor)) of the 59th Emperor Uda and the real mother of the 60th Emperor Daigo, Imperial Prince Atsuyoshi, Imperial Prince Atsukata, Imperial Princess Jushi and Imperial Prince Atsumi.
- 以後、簪は単なる飾りの管となって懸緒(かけお)と呼ばれる紐で冠を固定するようになった。
- Consequently, kanzashi became merely a decoration bar and strings called kakeo began to be used to fix a Court cap.
- 『碁盤太平記』あたりから世界が「太平記物」となり、それぞれの役の振分けも固定してくる。
- Theme of the plays since 'Goban Taiheiki,' however, became 'Taiheiki'-based, and the character roles also became fixed.
- こうして恩賞を差配する地位につくことでその権力を強固なものとし、諸国の武士を支配した。
- They thus strengthened their power and ruled over the samurai in the provinces.
- これに勝利した徳川家康は政権の基盤を固め慶長8年(1603年)征夷大将軍に任じられる。
- Ieyasu, who won the war, strengthened the base of his government and was appointed by the Emperor as Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') in 1603.
- 堆積岩、水成岩である砂岩や礫岩などは、砂の粒子が大きな岩体に固結する仕組みとも言える。
- We can say sandstone, conglomerates, etc. which are sedimentary rocks and aqueous rock are examples of the mechanism in which grains of sand are consolidated into a large rock.
- また、固まった豆乳を崩しながら、内側に布を敷いた型に入れ、水分を抜くと木綿豆腐となる。
- The curdled soy milk that's put into a mold lined with a cloth while it breaks down and is drained then turns into momendofu (firm tofu).
- 「手」とは主に琉球固有の拳法を指し、唐手とは中国から伝来した拳法を指していたとされる。
- It is said that the word 'te' referred to 'kenpo' (martial art) peculiar to Okinawa, whereas the word 'toude' referred to kenpo, which had come from China.
- 同県農業総合センター酒米試験地にて兵系25号/東近系1011 を交配、1977年固定。
- Sakamai Experiment Station of Hyogo Agriculture Institute cross-fertilized Hei-kei No.25/Tokin-kei 1011, and breeding was fixed in 1977.
- 同じ理由で、筆の穂先を固めるためのノリ成分を、水に長時間さらして落とすのは適当でない。
- For the same reason, it is improper to remove the glue used to firm the brush tip by placing it in the water for a long time.
- 武塔は固有名詞ではなく、朝鮮の武塔(ムータン)の台形状の聖所にある神の意味と言われる。
- It is considered that 'muto' is not a pronoun but refers to a deity enshrined in a sanctum of trapezoidal shape called 'mutan' in Korea.
- 「若年にて警固の心得丈夫なるを称して、背中をほとほと打ければ、著込みを著用して居たり。
- When I patted Tadamasa on the back, saying 'You are young, but have good understanding of guarding', I noticed that he was wearing a protective vest.
- 天智天皇10年(671年) 重病の天智天皇に後事を託されるも固辞し、出家して吉野に移る。
- 671: Although the Emperor Tenchi, who was severely ill, he asked the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) to look after his affairs when he was gone, the Prince Oama (the Emperor Tenmu) refused firmly and became a priest, moving to Yoshino.
- 要を木釘で固定した後、鋲で要に刺してあることが多く、比較的簡単に抜けてしまうこともある。
- After the pivot is fixed with a wooden peg, metal fittings are pierced into the pivot with a rivet, so these fittings can fall out relatively easily.
- また、周防国に残した母に形見と遺言を送り、弟の大内盛見には分国を固く守るよう申し送った。
- He also sent both his will and a remembrance of himself to his mother, whom he had left at home in Suo Province, and sent a message to his younger brother Morimi OUCHI to guard the provinces under their control well and fiercely.
- また、国際的な温泉地の固定名称にもなったベルギーのスパは療養向けに発展した温泉地である。
- Spas in Belgium, which have became the common name for international hot spring resorts, have developed as hot springs for recuperation.
- 墨などで固まった穂先を陸にこすりつけて、柔らかくしようとすることは絶対にしてはならない。
- The top of the brush that has been firmed by Chinese ink should not be rubbed against riku in order to make the hardened top softer.
- 本曲 (ほんきょく)は、三曲の音楽において、それぞれの楽器固有の曲として作曲されたもの。
- Honkyoku (traditional Japanese music) is a musical piece composed for each instrument in sankyoku music.
- 普通は土台に板かけをし、外側には、縁束を立て、縁かまちをわたして縁板が張られ固定される。
- Normally, Enzuka (short posts) are first disposed outside the building to stand up in a row, Engamachi (horizontal member) is then disposed to extend on the Enzuka, and En-ita (boards used to make the floor) are finally provided to extend between the edge of the house building and the Engamachi.
- また、北金目塚越遺蹟(神奈川県平塚市)からもおにぎり状に固まった炭化米が発見されている。
- Furthermore, carbonized rice which solidified like onigiri is also found in the Kitakaname Tsukakoshi remains (Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture).
- 特に今回の事件は、外敵が警固所に肉薄し、各島人が一千人余りも誘拐され、数百人が殺された。
- As he pointed out in his argument, during the attack, pirates came close to the guard station, abducting more than 1,000 residents of the island and killing several hundred of them.
- また、学校教職員の勤務評定の実施も「政府権力からの府教育への干渉」だとして断固拒否した。
- Besides, he firmly refused to carry out the Teacher Evaluation System for the reason that 'the system was intervention of government power in education in the prefecture.'
- それにより、大蔵経蔵建立と内外の図書聚集の大願成就の決心をいよいよ固くしたとされている。
- Thus, Ryoo confirmed his firm decision to built a Daizo-kyo Sutra zo (a depository of Complete Collection of Scriptures) and the collection of both domestic and foreign books.
- 日本固有種、アオガエル科 地域によっては生息地が天然記念物に指定され、保護されている。
- The forest green tree frog is an endemic species to Japan in the Rhacophoridae family; in specific areas its habitats are designated as a natural monument and protected.
- 現在は1,067mmにボルトで固定してあるが、北海道新幹線の建設後は三線軌条となる予定。
- The rails are now fixed with bolts to make the gauge 1.067 mm, but a three-rail system will be introduced when the Hokkaido Shinkansen is constructed.
- 天皇は敏捷な兵士を差し向けて息子を渡しに来た姫を奪還させようとするが、姫の決意は固かった。
- The Emperor sent agile soldiers to recapture the Empress who came out to hand over his son to the soldiers, however, her resolution was firm.
- 絵も山科流のような極端な固定は近世以後だが、古くから祝い物が用いられたから、松や鶴は古い。
- Pictures on the fan were strictly fixed as in Yamashina school after the early-modern times, but the motif of pine and cranes had been used for centuries because these were considered as bringers of good luck.
- 文様は冠親である五摂家いずれか固有のものを使うが、大正天皇以降は菊花紋章に固定されている。
- Unique pattern of one of Gosekke which served as a kanmuri-oya was used, but the 16-petal chrysanthemum crest has been always used since the reign of Emperor Taisho.
- すなわち、サツマイモを蒸して熱いうちに砂糖を練り混ぜ、四角形の型に押し詰め、冷やし固める。
- That is, a sweet potato is steamed and then is kneaded and mixed with sugar while being hot, and subsequently it is pushed into a box and then cooled to harden.
- ここでの「油」はこってりしたラーメンとしてよくイメージされる固形の背脂(ラード)ではない。
- This 'oil' is not the lard that is often associated with thick soup.
- 生前、宇多野(うたの)に葬って欲しいと固執していたが、占等の理由で、伏見の柏原陵になった。
- Emperor Kammu expressed a strong desire to be buried in Utano when he died; however, on the advice of a fortune teller, he was buried in Kashiwabara no Misasagi, which is located in Fushimi.
- 堅固で美しく、しかも異様な雰囲気を醸し出したのですぐに広まり、室町時代の中頃には普及した。
- The solid, beautiful and unusual style caught on rapidly, and was prevalent by the mid Muromachi period.
- それとともに、知行国主が特定の知行国を代々継承していく知行国の固定化が見られるようになる。
- At the same time, chigyo-kokushu came to mean handing over their chigyo-koku provinces to their heirs, and fixing the relationship of chigyo-kokushu with specific provinces.
- 国内航路に関しては、往路は筑前国守護代、復路は薩摩国守護代にそれぞれ警固が命じられている。
- The orders to guard the domestic (sea) route were given to Chikuzen Province in the outward journey and the Satsuma Province for the return trip.
- 当時はまだ家業の継承・固定化が成立しておらず、兵の家としての認知はいまだ流動的でもあった。
- At that time, there were no institutionalized family business takeover and establishment systems, and therefore, recognition of tsuwamono-no-ie was not stable.
- 下駄(げた)は、日本の伝統的な履物で、木製の板に足をのせ、緒(鼻緒)で固定するものである。
- Geta (Japanese wooden sandals) is Japanese traditional footwear, and is put on by putting feet on wooden boards and fixing toes with a strap which is called O (or Hanao).
- 同県農業技術センターにて山田錦/ヒノヒカリを交配、1998年選抜固定、2002年品種登録。
- Kochi Agricultural Research Center cross-fertilized Yamada nishiki/Hinohikari and its selection was fixed in 1998; in 2002 the variety was registered.
- 神戸・明石周辺では、焼きそばを生地をつなぎとして固めたものが「モダン焼き」と言われている。
- Around Kobe or Akashi City, yakisoba is thickened with the dough and is called 'modanyaki' and usual or optional ingredients are prepared.
- 欧文活字は天地幅を一定にするが、日本語活字に応用するときにそれを回転し、左右幅を固定した。
- A vertical size is fixed for the western types, but when applying those to Japanese types, they were turned around to fix the horizontal size.
- 喉を保護する部分は突き垂と呼ばれ、突きを受ける部分であることから、特に強固に作られている。
- The part to protect the throat is called Tsukidare (a throat cover of men-mask of kendo swordmanship) and made especially robust as it is where a tsuki (thrust) is received.
- 練香とは粉末状の香木やスパイス、ハーブなどを蜂蜜やアラビアゴム等で練って固形状にしたもの。
- Neriko (a pastille) is a solid matter in which powdered fragrant wood, spices, or herbes are mixed together with honey or gum arabic.
- (正則自身は病と称して会見に同席せず、枚方から京の街道筋を1万の軍勢で固めて変事に備えた)
- (Although Masanori did not go to the meeting on the plea that he was sick, he placed 10,000 soldiers alongside the highway from Maikata to Kyoto in case of an event.)
- 加賀から来襲した一揆軍と交戦しつつ、義景は山崎吉家・魚住景固に命じ堀江家に攻撃をしかける。
- While fighting with the uprising army invading from Kaga Province, Yoshikage ordered Yoshiie YAMAZAKI and Kagekata UOZUMI to attack the Horie family.
- しかしこの申し出を「自分の勲功ではない」と固辞したため結局忠佐の死後、改易となってしまう。
- Nevertheless, Tadataka firmly refused this offer, saying 'this is not a merit of me'; at the end, the family of Tadasuke was slapped with kaieki sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties) after his death.
- つまり、「佛教(ぶっきょう)」という言葉を一般名詞としてではなく固有名詞として使っている。
- Therefore, the word 'Bukkyo' is not a common noun but a proper noun.
- 大老井伊直弼は、堀田正睦、松平忠固を罷免する代わりに太田ら老中経験者3人を老中に起用した。
- Tairo (chief minister) Naosuke II dismissed Masayoshi HOTTA and Tadakata MATSUDAIRA, and in place of them, appointed three of those who had been roju, including OTA, as roju.
- 平安末期から鎌倉時代にかけて公家の家格が固定化され、家柄によって昇進できる官職が限定された。
- Between the late Heian period and the Kamakura period, kakaku of the kuge was fixed and the government posts one could attain were restricted depending on one's lineage and pedigree.
- 上総国ばかりでなく常陸国や下総国にも勢力を拡大、坂東に武士団を形成し武家平氏の基盤を固めた。
- They expanded their power from Kazusa Province into Hitachi Province and Shimousa Province, forming armed groups in the Bando (old Kanto) region, which became the foundation of the Taira clan as samurai.
- ただし、ここに登場する「煎餅」は現在のものと違い、小麦粉を油で固めたいりもち(煎餅)である。
- In this case, however, '煎餅', which can be pronounced senbei, is actually read as 'irimochi' meaning a snack made by caking wheat flour with oil, which is different from the present-day senbei.
- 酒粕(さけかす、酒糟)とは、日本酒などのもろみを、圧搾した後に残る白色の固形物のことである。
- Sakekasu (sake lees) is the solid white substance that remains after pressing the main fermenting mash used to make Japanese sake (rice wine)
- これらを参照して大正以降即位礼の皇后の料は白唐衣に緑系統の表着という組み合わせに固定化した。
- Based on this, the fabric for the empress's clothing worn during the enthronement ceremony have been fixed as a combination of white karaginu and omotegi in greenish color since the Taisho Period.
- 歌垣での歌謡は、多くの場合、固定的な旋律と定型的な歌詞を持ち、三・五・七などの音数律に従う。
- Songs and ballads exchanged in an utagaki gathering are, in many cases, with fixed melodies and stylized lyrics, following a syllabic meter of three, five, or seven syllables per line.
- 座布団は来客に対するもてなしとして用いられる訳だが、これを固辞することも礼を逸するとされる。
- Zabuton are used as part of the hospitality towards a guest and declining this is a lack of courtesy.
- 近年では、小さいものであればフランス刺繍等に用いる木枠をテーブルに固定して行なうこともある。
- Recently, a wooden square frame fixed to a table (for French embroidery and others), has sometimes been used for small motifs.
- だし巻き卵(だしまきたまご)は、卵焼きの一種で、溶き卵にだし汁を混ぜて焼き固める料理である。
- Dashi-maki Tamago is a kind of an omelet (a Japanese style omelet) and a dish of fried beaten eggs mixed with dashi broth soup.
- 帽子から控えまで固めた「堅帽子・控え付き」が現在最も一般的な作りで、「本ガケ」とも呼ばれる。
- Kataboshi with hikae' which reinforces the parts from a boshi to a hikae is now the most common structure and called 'hongake' (an ordinary yugake shooting glove).
- 781年(天応 (日本)元年)光仁天皇が病気になったとき美濃国固関使(こげんし)をつとめた。
- In 781, he served as Kogenshi (Barrier Closer Dispatched on Emergencies) of Mino Province when Emperor Konin became sick.
- 嗣聖2年1月22日 (旧暦)(685年3月2日)文昌左相同固閣鸞台三品として在職中に没した。
- On March 2, 685, he passed away during his tenure as 文昌左相同固閣鸞台三品.
- しかし、議長を不信任となったにも関わらず議長席への着席に固執したため、衆議院から除名された。
- However, since HOSHI refused to give up his position as chairman even after the non-confidence motion was passed, he was expelled from the House of Representatives.
- これらの政策により、入鹿は実質最高権力者としての地位を固め、その治世には人々は大いに畏敬し。
- By these policies, Iruka strengthened his position substantially as the most powerful man and people revered him very much under his reign.
- 頼朝は関東の固めに入り、11月に常陸国の佐竹氏を討ち、義盛と広常は佐竹秀義を生け捕りにした。
- Yoritomo decided to pave his way in the Kanto region and destroyed the Satake clan in the Hitachi Province in December, and Yoshimori and Hirotsune captured Hideyoshi SATAKE alive.
- 2005年9月初旬、国土交通省はルートを平城宮跡の約1km東側にずらすという最終案を固めた。
- Early in September 2005, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism changed course and decided to develop the final plan to move the route approximately a kilometer east of the Heijokyo ruins.
- 平城上皇に従い捕縛され左衛士府に禁固されるが、坂上田村麻呂の助命嘆願により一命を助けられる。
- Watamaro followed the Retired Emperor Heijo, was captured, and confined in Saejifu (Left Division of the Palace Guards), however, he was saved by the appeal of SAKANOUE no Tamuramaro for saving his life.
- 一方で、公現入道親王のもう一つの目的であった東征中止については、熾仁親王はこれを断固拒否した。
- But, monk-Prince Kogen's request to stop the attack on the east was strongly rejected by Prince Taruhito.
- 「宗旦」の名の通り、千家茶道の基礎を固めた人物・千宗旦に化けてしばしば茶席に現れたといわれる。
- As the name 'Sotan' suggests, it disguised itself as SEN no Sotan, who strengthened the foundation of Sen-ke family tea ceremony school, to occasionally appear in tea parties.
- 昨日とは違う颯爽とした討ち入り装束に身を固め、「宝船」の句の意味を理解してくれたことを喜んだ。
- He was in costumes for a raid and appeared differently from yesterday, and he was pleased to learn `takara bune,' which he recited, was understood.
- 9月10日 (旧暦)、嵯峨天皇は使節を発して、伊勢国、近江国、美濃国の国府と故関を固めさせる。
- On September 10 (according to the old calendar), Emperor Saga dispatched envoys, and tightened the local government offices and crossing points in Ise, Omi and Mino provinces.
- そのほか、牛乳に粉末寒天を添加し、固形にした加工食品(食品)は牛乳寒あるいは牛乳羹と呼ばれる。
- Moreover, a solid processed food, called gyunyu-kan (a sweet milk jelly) is made by adding funmatsu-kanten (powdered agar) into milk and allowing it to solidify.
- 中国のもので、矢の他に砲弾や石も発射できる床弩のことであるが、特に城壁に固定してある物を指す。
- This is the Shodo made in China which can shoot cannonballs and stones as well as arrows, and especially refers to one fixed on a castle wall.
- 一般に固形分である滓下げ(おり)が多く、アルコール度は比較的に低めで、香りも高く切れ味が良い。
- Generally speaking, arabashiri contains much solid content, ori (lees), and the alcohol concentration is rather low, it is very fragrant and has a crisp taste.
- 切り返し 種切りから8 - 9時間経つと、黄麹菌の繁殖熱により水分が蒸発し米が固くなっている。
- 'Kirikaeshi' - After eight to nine hours has elapsed from 'Tanekiri,' the rice has become hard because moisture has evaporated from heat generated by the breeding yellow aspergillus.
- 温泉卵(おんせんたまご)は、半熟卵の一種で、卵黄部分は半熟、卵白部分は半凝固状態に茹でた鶏卵。
- Onsen tamago (onsen eggs) are a type of soft boiled egg, or chicken eggs with the yoke soft and the white only half done.
- 同県立明石農業改良実験所にて愛知三河錦/船木雄町を交配、太平洋戦争を経て1951年に育成固定。
- Akashi Agricultural Improvement Experiment Station of Hyogo Prefecture cross-fertilized Aichi mikawa nishiki/Funaki omachi, and in 1951, after the Pacific War, breeding was fixed.
- 同県立明石農業改良実験所にて愛船117/山雄67を交配、太平洋戦争を経て1949年に育成固定。
- Akashi Agricultural Improvement Experiment Station of Hyogo Prefecture cross-fertilized Aifune 117/Sanyu 67, and in 1949, after the Pacific War, breeding was fixed.
- 全てのタイプの国民服は筒袖であり、ボタンで布を固定させるので、国民服令の国民服は和服ではない。
- Both types had straight sleeves and buttons to secure the front, which means that the national uniform prescribed in the National Uniform Edict was not Wafuku.
- 帯締め(おびじめ)は、着物の着付けをするために必要な小道具の一つで、帯を固定するのに用いる紐。
- The obijime is one of the essential items when one wears kimono; it's a string used to hold a kimono sash in place.
- 圧搾工程 ナイロン等丈夫な素材で作られた「圧搾布」に諸味を包んで加重し、固体と液体を分離する。
- Compression process: Moromi is wrapped in 'straining cloth' made of strong materials such as nylon, and is weighted to separate liquid from solid.
- 進軍の途中、7月3日に、荒田尾赤麻呂が吹負に本営の古京(倭京)の守りを固めるべきだと進言した。
- In the middle of the march on July 3rd, ARATO no Akamaro advised Hukei to strengthen the defensive lines of the Old City (Wakyo), which is where the headquarter was located.
- 十世紀末から十一世紀にかけて、同族平致頼との軍事抗争に勝ち抜き、軍事貴族としての地位を固める。
- From the end of the 10th century to the 11th century, military disputes were fought out by family member TAIRA no Munemori, which cemented their position as military aristocrats.
- この後公式に氏綱から上野・越後の守護職を剥奪して憲顕に与え、関東における足利家の勢力を固める。
- After that, he deprived Kozuke and Echigo shugoshiki from Ujitsuna and officially appointed Noriaki to the posts, consolidating power of Ashikaga family in Kanto region.
- 頑固な一面があり、そのことから号の「一鉄」にかけられて、頑固一徹の言葉が生まれたとされている。
- An aspect to his character was being stubborn, therefore the word Ganko Ittetsu (written: 頑固一徹 and meaning adamant) was said to be born from his name 'Ittetsu.'
- 津山藩医箕作貞固(三代丈庵)の第三子として美作国西新町(現在の岡山県津山市西新町)に生まれる。
- Genpo was born the third son to Teiko MITSUKURI (Joan the third, a doctor of the Tsuyama Domain) in Nishishinmachi, Mimasaka Province (present-day, Nishishin Cho, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture).
- 構造的には、貫 (建築)といわれる水平方向の材を使い、柱と強固に組み合わせて構造を強化している
- Architecturally it utilizes horizontal wooden beams known as penetrating tie beams which are combined with pillars to reinforce the structure.
- 今井自身は出来に満足はしなかったものの、本作は大ヒットを記録して、東映の基礎固めに一躍買った。
- Although Imai himself was not satisfied with the quality of it, the film became a big hit and helped Toei lay its foundation.
- この時林羅山は地動説と地球が球体である事を断固として受け入れず、地球方形説と天動説を主張した。
- Razan HAYASHI refused to accept that the earth was round and revolves around the Sun, advocating instead the theory that the earth was rectangular and sat at the center of the universe.
- 鎌倉攻撃の際に、大仏貞直の守る極楽寺切通しの守りが固く、さらに海岸は北条方の船団が固めていた。
- When Yoshisada attacked Kamakura, Sadanao Osaragi strictly guarded Gokuraku-ji Temple kiridoshi and a fleet from the Hojo side guarded the seashore.
- 尚政は家臣団の編成や城下町の開発、洪水対策に備えての木津川工事などに尽力し、藩政の基盤を固めた。
- Naomasa strengthened the foundations of the domain's administration by improving the organization of its vassalage, developing the castle town, and carrying out protection work of the Kizu-gawa River for flood prevention.
- 太平洋より種族数が少なく固有種も乏しいことから、日本海の形成時代はあまり古くないといわれている。
- Due to the fact that there are smaller numbers of breeds and fewer indigenous species comparing to that found in the Pacific Ocean, it is said that the formation of the Sea of Japan occurred not too long ago.
- 昼は月極駐車場においてあり、夕方に「引き屋」と呼ばれる人が引いて決まった場所へ移動し、固定する。
- During the day time, these mobile street stall vendors sit within a parking lot, contracting on a monthly-fixed amount; they are moved in and out by a person called 'Hikiya' (the person who sets up the street stalls); out in the evening, and returned to the same stall location the next day.
- 歌物語の性格上登場人物は実名・官名・女房名で登場し具体的にある固定の人物を指していることが多い。
- From its property as an uta-monogatari, the characters in the story were often written by using their real name, official position or title or nyobo-na (name as a court lady), referring to certain existing people specifically.
- これらでは、冷えて固くなった飯を急いで食べるために、飯だけを詰めた弁当に茶を掛ける人も見られる。
- Some people carry a lunch box full of only rice and pour hot tea over it in order to finish eating the cool and crisp rice in a hurry.
- そこで同じように凝固反応を起こし、入手の容易な硫酸カルシウム(すましこ)への転換が進んでいった。
- Subsequently, there was an accelerated shift to calcium sulfate--which caused a coagulation reaction in a similar manner and was easy to obtain.
- そのため、戦後も機械化が進むにつれ、凝固材として使いやすい硫酸カルシウムへの転換が進んでいった。
- Therefore, along with the trend in mechanization, a shift to calcium sulfate, which was easy to use as a coagulant, was implemented after the war.
- 墨(すみ)は、ランプブラックや松煙などから採取したススをゼラチンで練り固めたもの(固形墨)いう。
- Sumi refers to soot derived from substances such as lampblack or burnt pine, solidified by mixing with gelatin (solid sumi).
- サイズは個々の卵のおよその直径で1ミリメートル前後、皮が固く、噛むと粒がはじける感触を楽しめる。
- The size of each egg is 1 mm or so in diameter and the peel is so solid that chewing and bursting feelings are enjoyable.
- 湖や川に向かって射る場合はブリキ製の大きめのものを竿に固定し、ボート上に高く立てて上向きに狙う。
- A little bigger mato made of tinplate is settled on a pole and it is held up high on a boat when players shoot arrows toward a lake or a river, and so they should aim upward.
- 和泉国岸和田藩の岡部候など多くの諸侯が北海の評判を知り、藩儒として招聘するがすべて固辞している。
- On learning about Hokkai's reputation, there were many lords such as lord OKABE of Kishiwada Domain in Izumi Province who invited him as Hanju (a Confucian scholar who work for a domain), but Hokkai firmly declined them all.
- ここから、これ以上版図を拡大するよりも現在の版図を固めるべきという現実的判断であったと思われる。
- It seems therefore that he judged that preserving the territory as it existed was more practical than extending it further.
- 泥土が段々固まってきたことにより、生物が発成し育つことができるようになったことを示す神名である。
- These are names that imply that mud had become hard and plants came to be able to sprout and grow.
- TBSに『木下惠介劇場』『木下惠介アワー』などの固定枠を提供されて多くのテレビドラマを制作した。
- TBS (a Japanese broadcasting company) gave him a fixed slot and he produced many television dramas such as the 'Kinoshita Keisuke Theater' and the 'Kinoshita Keisuke Hour.'
- このことは日本における「天下」概念をますます固有の地理概念である日本列島に近づけたと考えられる。
- This made the notion of 'Tenka' in Japan more closer to the geographical notion, namely the Japanese archipelago.
- しかし、15世紀末から社会体制の流動化が顕著になると、より強固な支配体制を領国に布く必要が生じた。
- With the social system becoming remarkably unstable in the end of the 15th century, it became necessary to apply stricter control system to territories.
- また、中世は身分の流動性が非常に高く、五色の賤や近世部落のような固定化された世襲階級ではなかった。
- Furthermore, during the medieval period, social status was highly mobile, and these people were not confined within fixed hereditary classes, such as the five lowly castes of the ritsuryo system and buraku (communities of discriminated people) in the early-modern times.
- 線香は、香の中でも練り合わせて固め棒状としたものであり、「線のように細い」ものが線香と呼ばれうる。
- Among Ko products, a product which is produced through the process of kneading materials and molding them into a stick and is 'slender like a line' is specifically called Senko.
- また、従来型の(チェーンコンベアを使わない)寿司店を、俗に「固定寿司」や「回らない寿司屋」という。
- Also the traditional type of sushi restaurants without conveyer belts are called 'fixed sushi' or 'stationary sushi' in common speech.
- 純友は子息の重太丸と伊予国へ逃れたが、同年6月に伊予国警固使橘遠保により捕らえられ、獄中で没した。
- Although Sumitomo and his son Shigetamaro took refuge in Iyo Province, they died in prison after being captured by the Keigoshi (envoys to protect) of Iyo Province TACHIBANA no Toyasu in June of the same year.
- 「私利を追わず公益を図る」との考えを、生涯に亘って貫き通し、後継者の渋沢敬三にもこれを固く戒めた。
- He stuck to his belief that 'Do not pursue one's own interest but serve for the public interest' during his whole life and he strictly warned his successor Keizo SHIBUSAWA about it.
- 最初に投入されたのはF1編成と呼ばれる量産先行車7両固定編成で、量産車は同年12月から投入された。
- Mass produced foregoing cars which are seven-car trains, called F1 trains, were first used and mass produced cars ran in December 1991.
- 神道(しんとう、かんながらのみち)とは日本の民俗的な信仰体系であり、日本固有の多神教の宗教である。
- Shinto (or Kannagara no michi) is an ethnical religious framework in Japan and a polytheistic religion that is unique to Japan.
- したがって、地上権を固定額で契約したことも含めて後々村側に不利になった側面があったことは否めない。
- Therefore, it cannot be denied that this renewal, concluding the contract that included the clause of 'paying a fixed amount of money for the right of using the land,' later proved to be a disadvantage for the village side.
- 現地の住民との大小の衝突、時には反乱を起こされながらも、着実に支配を固め、社会基盤を築いていった。
- Japan built the bases of a society, steadily cementing its grip while dealing with various levels of conflicts with local residents or sometimes being rebelled against.
- 薙刀術(なぎなたじゅつ)は日本固有の長柄武器である平安時代から伝わる薙刀を使用する日本武術である。
- The naginata jutsu is a Japanese martial art using a long-handled sword called naginata which originated in Heian period.
- 深層には太平洋とは全く性質を異にする日本海固有水と呼ばれる、寒冷で溶存酸素量に富んだ海水が分布する。
- In the deep layer, there is the cold and dissolved oxygen-rich sea water called the Proper Water in the Japan Sea which has totally different properties from that of the Pacific Ocean.
- 11世紀中期には官物の税率が公田官物率法により「段別三斗」に固定化され土地税としての性質が強まった。
- The Koden kanmotsu rippo (the law fixing the tax rate of Kanmotsu) fixed the tax rate of the Kanmotsu at 'Danbetsu santo' (54 lit. of rice per 10a) in the mid 11th century, by which Kanmotsu increasingly assumed the characteristics of land tax.
- しかし通常は絞ったあとの固形物を醤油粕として処理してしまうため、有効に利用する方法が模索されている。
- However, the solidified product which remains after wringing is usually processed as 'shoyukasu' (soy sauce lees) and they are looking for a way of effectively utilizing it.
- これは羊の肉を煮たスープの類だが、冷めることで肉のゼラチンによって固まり、自然に煮凝りの状態となる。
- The broth made by boiling mutton becomes jellied due to gelatin of the meat as it gets cold.
- 次に、ぶれの出ないように、柄を半固定した鉋の様な刃物を当てて、切る (調理)のように帯状に長く剥く。
- Next, tear the fruits, in similar fashion with cutting (cooking), into the shape of long belts by the use of a plane-like edged tool whose handle is half-fixed in order to prevent shaking.
- 煮る内に、表面にゆばができたり、半分凝固したおぼろ豆腐のようなものができ、これらも食べる事ができる。
- While such ingredients are cooked in the pot, yuba appears on the surface and a kind of oboro tofu (half-curdled tofu produced in the making of tofu) is formed, and these can also be eaten.
- 家風(かふう)は、個々の特定の家において世代を越えて踏襲される固有の慣習・流儀などの行動様式である。
- Kafu (family tradition) is a style of behavior, including custom and procedure, which has been specifically inherited down the generations within certain individual families.
- 家平の頃になると東郷氏は伯耆国河村郡一帯において多くの権益を有すようになり確固たる地位を築き挙げた。
- When Iehira was the family head, the Togo clan came to have many rights and interests in the whole area of the Kawamura county, Hoki Province and established a firm position.
- 文久2年(1862年)藩論が尊皇攘夷に傾くと、長野らとともに彦根に捕えられて禁固、同年に処刑された。
- When the emphasis of opinion of a domain people was placed on Sonno Joi (slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) in 1862, he was captured and imprisoned in Hikone, together with NAGANO and others, and was executed in the same year.
- 近藤の死に関して周囲の者は固く口止めされていたため、沖田は近藤の死を知らずにこの世を去ったのである。
- Because people close to him were prohibited from telling him about Kondo's death, he passed away without learning of it.
- 廃嫡後の忠隆の京都での生活は、6000石の固有所領を持ち京都に隠居在住していた祖父細川幽斎が支えた。
- Tadataka's livelihood in Kyoto after the disinheritance was supported by his grandfather, Yusai HOSOKAWA who had retired and lived in Kyoto with 6000 koku of his own shoryo (territory).
- 非欧米圏で初めて近代化に成功し、列強としての地位を固めつつあった日本の文化は、欧米でも注目を浴びた。
- Japanese culture succeeded in modernizing first among the nations not included in the European and American bloc (the Western bloc), solidifying its status as a powerful country and attracting the attention of Europe and America.
- これが秦代に実際の官職となり、丞相・御史大夫・太尉の三公及び、その下の実務機関である九卿が固まった。
- This came to show the actual government posts in the Qin Dynasty, and Sanko of Josho (Chancellor), Gyoshi taifu (a chief of controlling the officials) and Taii (Minister of military affairs), and Kyukei which was the institution for practical works under Sanko were fixed.
- 天皇家は足利氏、織田信長、豊臣秀吉の例に倣い桐紋を徳川家にも与えようとしたが、徳川家はこれを固辞した。
- The Imperial Family tried to give Kiri-mon (paulownia patterns) to the Tokugawa family in order to follow the precedent of the Ashikaga clan, Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but the Tokugawa family refused to receive it.
- やがて、菅原・大江氏の分掌支配が確立するにつれて、氏族ごとに所属する曹が固定されるようになっていった。
- As the division of duties was established between the Sugawara clan and the Oe clan, the so to belong was fixed for each clan.
- 一方、関東地方では搗いた後の餅をいったん板状に成形し、固まったところで切り分ける「角餅」が主流である。
- On the other hand, in the Kanto Region, 'kaku-mochi' (square mochi) is mainstream, produced by first shaping mochi into boards after pounding it and cutting it into square pieces later on when it has cooled.
- これ以降、文様は黄櫨染御袍とまったく同形同大の、経(縦糸)緑緯(ぬき糸)黄の先染めの固織物を使用した。
- After that, yarn-dyed Kataorimono (hard woven) with green warp and yellow weft and the pattern, which was just the same shape and size as the Korozen no goho was used.
- 蒸しすぎると卵が凝固しすぎてしまい隙間(鬆)ができるため、蒸し器のふたはずらしてふきんをはさむとよい。
- Since steaming too long causes the eggs to coagulate too much, which results in holes forming in the tamago dofu, it is advisable to place a cloth over the steamer pot and place the pot lid on the cloth so as not to cover the pot tightly.
- 日本民族固有(のものと考えられていた)勇敢で、潔く、特に主君・天皇に対して忠義な気性・精神性・心ばえ。
- The brave, heroic, and loyal nature, spirit, and disposition, especially with regard to lords and the Emperor, (which were considered) unique to the Japanese race.
- また、静慧法親王以後、代々法親王が入寺する宮門跡寺院としての地位を固め、天台宗内で重要な地位を占めた。
- Following Cloistered Imperial Prince Joe, successive Cloistered Imperial Princes served at the temple which became established as a Miya Monzeki-ji (Imperial Priest Temple) and came to occupy an important position within the Tendai Sect.
- その結果、海鶴の門下である鈴木翠軒が国定の習字教科書の執筆をするに至り、この基準は確固たるものとなった。
- As a result, Suiken SUZUKI, a disciple of Kaikaku, became an author of national school textbooks for calligraphy, making the standards even more solid.
- 醸造されたのは元禄2年(1689年)前後で、固形分の混ざった日本酒醪造りをそのまま貯蔵したものであった。
- It was brewed around 1689 and its Nihonshu moromi-zukuri was stored including solid contents without filtration.
- 守護領国制における人民支配は必ずしも強固なものではなかったが、時代を追うごとに人民支配は深化していった。
- The control over people was not always strict in the shugo-ryogoku system, but it became stricter with the times.
- それは、根本私領だけでなく、郡司としての自分の支配、取り分を固定化しようとする行為と考えると解しやすい。
- This is easy to understand if considered as an action to stabilize not only their original private land but also their domination and share as gunji.
- 田舎の武術的要素をもった琉球舞踊から、沖縄固有の武術「手(ティー)」が生まれ、空手へと発展したとする説。
- This theory asserts that a country-style Ryukyu dance having an element of a martial art developed into 'tee,' a martial art peculiar to Okinawa, which in turn developed into karate.
- 平成6年(1994年)農業総合研究所作物研究センターにて五百万石/豊盃の人工交配によって育成、品種固定。
- It was developed through the artificial cross-fertilization of Gohyakumangoku/Toyosakazuki in 1994 by the Agricultural Products Research Center of the Niigata Agricultural Research Institute, and the variety was fixed.
- “弓道射法八節”に於いて控えの固めがバネのように働き、親指の跳ね上げが促され弦の運行を妨げないとされる。
- In 'Kyudo-shaho hassetsu' the reinfarcement by hikae works like a spring and promotes the flip-up of a thumb and do not prevent the movement of a string.
- 高僧でありながら、諸職を固辞していた淳祐がこの内供を称され、「石山内供」「普賢院内供」とも呼ばれている。
- While being a high priest, Shunyu had firmly declined offers for the various positions but was known as Naiku and was also referred to as Ishiyama Naiku or Fugen-in Naiku.
- この頃から日本固有の古典学に身を入れるようになり、荻生徂徠や契沖に影響を受け、国学の道に入ることを志す。
- Around this period, he began to devote himself to the study of the classics of Japanese indigenous culture and literature; moreover, influenced by Sorai OGYU and Keichu, he decided that he would become a scholar of Japanese ancient culture and literature.
- 藩政においても、城下町の整備や拡大、治水工事を務めて実高6000石を増加させるなど、藩政の基礎を固めた。
- In his own territory, he worked on the maintenance and expansion of the castle town, increased the actual harvest by 6,000 koku through the flood prevention work and so on, established the basis of domain duties.
- 主君と家臣団は相互に依存・協力しあう運命共同体であり、その間に離合集散も多く固定化した関係ではなかった。
- A lord and his vassals were mutually dependant and cooperated with each other to form a community, and they often changed their partners and those relations were not fixed.
- これは、祭典の執行日を新暦で固定し、毎年旧暦の月日から新暦の月日に換算する煩雑さを避けるための規定である。
- This rule was implemented in order to fix the festival dates on the new calendar, so that the complexity of converting the dates of the old lunar calendar to the new calendar each year could be avoided.
- 時頼は前将軍藤原頼経を鎌倉から追放、与同する有力御家人を排除し、執権として確固とした権威を築く(宮騒動)。
- Tokiyori expelled former shogun Yoritsune FUJIWARA from Kamakura and excluded the powerful gokenin on Yoritsune's side, thus establishing the absolute authority of the position of regent (these events are known as the Miya-sodo, which literally means 'palace disturbance').
- また経清は陸奥奥六郡を牛耳る豪族・安倍頼時の娘を娶って縁戚関係を結び、安倍氏一門の南方の固めとなっていた。
- Additionally, Tsunekiyo married a daughter of ABE no Yoritoki, a member of the local ruling family who controlled Okuroku-gun (six counties in the middle of Mutsu Province) in Mutsu Province, to form a relative alliance with them and took charge of the south side defense of the Abe clan's family territory.
- 一方、日本では、薄くて、パリッとしたおり、力を加えると割れるような固い菓子の一部を指して煎餅と呼んでいる。
- Japanese senbei are a type of snack which are thin, crispy and are breakable when force is applied to them.
- 平安時代中期の貴族社会において、官職や職能が特定の家系に固定化していく「家業の継承」が急速に進展していた。
- In the society of the nobility of the middle Heian period, the trend of the 'succession of family business' rapidly became popular, and only specific families began to occupy certain government official posts or occupations.
- その後も義満は応永6年(1399年)大内義弘を挑発して挙兵させて滅ぼし(応永の乱)、将軍権力を固めていく。
- After that, Yoshimitsu solidified his power as a shogun by provoking Yoshihiro OUCHI, making him raise an army, and by destroying him in 1399 (the Oei War).
- また一部豆腐製造業者の間では、凝固剤の総称として「にがり」の呼称を使っている場合もあり、注意が必要である。
- Because some tofu makers use the word 'bittern' as a generic term for coagulant, one must use the word with care.
- 精米歩合60%以下の白米、米麹および水を原料とし、吟味して製造した清酒で、固有の香味及び色沢が良好なもの。
- They are a seishu which is produced with rice with a polishing ratio of sixty percent or lower, malted rice and water and produced with special care and it has a unique flavor and the color is favorable.
- 貝殻の殻頂を4-5センチ削り、口金を石膏で固定して加工した楽器が、日本、東南アジア、オセアニアで見られる。
- Musical instruments made by chipping the apex of shell by 4 to 5 centimeters, with its mouth fixed in plaster, are found in Japan, Southeast Asia and Oceania.
- 日本マンガ学会は2001年に設立され、現在データベースの整備など、評論の土台を固める作業に取り組んでいる。
- Japan Society for Studies in Cartoon and Comics was established in 2001 and it is working to build a foundation of criticism including the improvement of database.
- 乗全、忠固はともに開国・通商派であり、また乗全と直弼は個人的に書簡をやり取りするほど親しかったからである。
- This decision was based on Noriyasu and Tadakata both being 'open country and commerce wing,' as well as the fact that Noriyasu and Naosuke were on good terms with each other and exchanged personal letters.
- 異国警固番役などを新たに設置して国防を強化し、この文永の役を教訓として博多湾岸に今でも残る石塁を構築した。
- He strengthened the country's defense by creating new positions for defense such as the Ikoku Keigo Banyaku (Foreign Enemy Defense) and built stone mounds, which remain still the present day, along the coast of Hakata Bay having learned from the Bunei War.
- その後、『戦場の固き約束』などが、興行上の採算性に対する疑義で松竹側からお蔵入りにされるなどの不遇に遭う。
- After that, he was unlucky because works such as 'Senjo no kataki yakusoku' (literally, Firm Pledge at the Battlefield) were put on hold due to the question of profitability raised by Shochiku.
- 歴史学などの分野では日本固有の存在としての天皇を強調する意味でTennoやMikadoと呼ぶこともままある。
- In fields of history and others, there are some cases of mentioning Tenno or Mikado, to express Tenno as the being peculiar to Japan.
- 黒い羅を漆で固めて作ったものが一般的だが、即位の礼や朝賀の儀の際に着用した礼冠と呼ばれる金属製の冠もあった。
- Court caps were generally made from black ra (thin silk) covered with lacquer, but there were also metal caps called reikan which were worn at the Sokui no Rei (Ceremony of the Enthronement) and the Choga no Gi (ceremony held on the New Year's Day).
- 纓は羅を燕尾の形に垂らす飾り物に代わっていたため、簪というピンを巾子の根元から差し込んで髻を貫いて固定した。
- As ei was replaced by a decoration of swallow-tailed ra, a kanzashi (ornamental hairpin) was inserted into the bottom of koji so that it went through a topknot to fix it.
- また冬の生地は、未成年の闕腋であっても浮織にはせずに、三枚綾地に六枚綾で紋をあらわしたいわゆる固地綾である。
- A kataji-aya fabric, a sanmai-aya fabric on which crests are arranged by a rokumai-aya fabric, was used as the material of ketteki for winter-use.
- だが、寒いと油が固まりやすいことを考慮し、底の部分に炭火を入れることのできる仕掛けを持つ金属性のものもある。
- Some are, however, made of metals with a device to put charcoal in the bottom which can warm up the solidified oil during winter.
- 崇光天皇系への皇統移行が現実となった今、自らの正統性を諡号によって示そうとした後小松の固い意志が感じ取れる。
- Although the family line of imperial succession changed to Emperor Suko's line, Emperor Gokomatsu showed his considerable will to justify his own imperial line by having this posthumous name.
- 古代以来、構造は中心に柄と一体である「棒」を通し、扇部分の縁を「枠」によって素材を固定する例が多数を占める。
- Since ancient times, most Uchiwa fan have had a structure of one main center 'rod,' which also becomes a handle part, and a 'frame' for fixing the material, which shapes the outline of the fan part.
- 西洋音楽で言えば弦楽四重奏の各パートは緊密な重層的構造を成していて、絶対的に固定され一パートでも欠かせない。
- In the case of Western music, each part of a string quartet is linked tightly with another one in a polyphonic melody, so no single part is ever movable or dispensable.
- 特にこの地域では伝統的に、味噌汁の中身の固形物のことを「具」とは呼ばず「実」と呼ぶ(「おつけの実」、など)。
- Especially in the loca area, the solid ingredients in miso soup have been called 'mi' instead of 'gu' traditionally like mi of otsuke.
- つまり、尻に食い込み陰部を固定させる事により気持ちが引き締まり、締め付けることで下腹部に力を入れやすくする。
- It indicates that one's nerves become braced by having a rokushaku fundoshi clenched between the buttocks and fixing the genitals, and that the fastening of the garment makes it easy to put strength in the lower abdomen.
- こうした厳しい局面を迎えて、広瀬は自ら退身する決意を固め辞表を提出されて1894年11月、総理人を辞任した。
- Facing such severe environment, HIROSE determined to resign, turned in resignation and finally resigned the administrative director in November 1894.
- 756年(天平勝宝8歳)5月、朝廷を誹謗したとして大伴古慈斐(おおとものこしび)とともに衛士府に禁固された。
- In May 756, he was put into prison with OTOMO no Koshibi for defaming the Imperial Court by the Imperial Guards.
- これにより、加賀藩からの招聘を受けたがこれを固辞、代わりに推薦されたのが風雲堂の高弟藤井方亭と長淑であった。
- Genshin firmly refused the invitation from the Kaga domain due to this result, and then Hotei FUJII, the high-caliber disciple of Fuundo and Chosyuku were recommended instead of Genshin.
- 不比等とその息子の藤原四兄弟によって、藤原氏の繁栄の基礎が固められるとともに最初の黄金時代が作り上げられた。
- Fuhito and his sons (Fujiwara four brothers) built a strong foundation for the future prosperity, initiating the first golden age of the FUJIWARA clan.
- 天正6年(1578年)、謙信が死去すると織田信長と手を結び、本拠を飛騨松倉城に移して飛騨の支配体制を固める。
- In 1578, when Kenshin died, Yoritsuna joined with Nobunaga ODA and moved his headquarters to Matsukura-jo Castle in Hida.
- 「七シコブチ」とは、京都府と滋賀県を流れる安曇川流域固有の信仰神である「しこぶち神」を祀る主要な7社を指す。
- Seven Shikobuchi' means major seven shrines which enshrine 'Shikobuchi gods,' which are the gods of belief native to Ado-gawa River basin, runs Kyoto Prefecture and Shiga Prefecture.
- 日野資枝の実弟で宝暦事件で逼塞していた裏松固禅と意気投合してその家臣となり、『大内裏図考証』の執筆を助けた。
- He found a kindred spirit in Kozen URAMATSU, who was a biological younger brother of Sukeki HINO that had fallen into obscurity due to the Horeki Incident, and became his vassal, and then he helped Kozen write 'Daidairizu Kosho' (The Evidential Research of the Outer Palace Precincts).
- 1545年、久松山城(後の鳥取城)を改築したが、あまりに堅固過ぎたため、主君より謀叛の疑念を買い謀殺された。
- In 1545, he refurbished Kyushozan-jo Castle (later Tottori-jo Castle), but this substantial fortress triggered the master's fear of treachery, thus resulting in the premeditated murder of Kuninobu.
- 後三条は、皇統統一をより強固なものとするため、生前に直系男子へ譲位し上皇として政務に当たることを目論んでいた。
- Emperor Gosanjo had planned to pass the throne to a male successor of his direct line before he retired, and he tried to rule politics as an retired Emperor in order to establish a strong basis for unifying the Imperial line.
- 八景は瀟湘八景のように対象が固定されているものも多いが、台湾八景のように時代とともに内容が変遷するものもある。
- In many cases Eight Views, like the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, consist of fixed subjects, but there are also the ones whose targets vary across the ages, like Eight Views of Taiwan.
- また、黄砂は乾いていても簡単には落ちないうえ、泥のように固まりやすく、自動車の塗装やウィンドーを汚してしまう。
- It is difficult to remove kosa, even if it is dry, and in addition, kosa is likely to be solidified like mud, making the coating and windows of vehicles dirty.
- 但し、室町時代以前の守護大名や守護代、国人領主と戦国大名の大きな違いは強固な家臣団を形成し得たかどうかにある。
- The big difference between the Sengoku daimyo and the Shugo daimyo (military governors), Shugodai and Kokujin ryoshu from the Muromachi period, however, was in whether or not they could organize strong Kashindan.
- 固定電話の市外局番が八幡市、宇治市のごく一部、久御山町の半分、相楽郡笠置町、南山城村を除き0774であること。
- The area core for fixed-line telephones is 0774 except for small areas of Yawata City and Uji City, half of Kumiyama-cho, Kasagi-cho of Soraku-gun and Minami-yamashiro-mura.
- 東側を固めていた弘茂は今川勢、一色勢を相手に戦っていたが、手勢も討ち減らされ、最早これまでと自害しようとした。
- Hiroshige, who was reinforcing the east side of the city and fighting against the armies of the Imagawa and Isshiki clans, also found his own soldiers' numbers dwindling, and deciding that he had fought as long as he could, he tried to kill himself.
- 後者としては、文徳天皇に娘を嫁がせ、その結果清和天皇が誕生し、天皇の外祖父として確固たる政治基盤を築いている。
- As an example of the second method, he married his daughter to Emperor Montoku, and as a result Emperor Seiwa was born, and he built a solid political foundation as the emperor's maternal grandfather.
- さらに下って宮城道雄の作品においては、各パートは完全に固定され、西洋音楽のポリフォニーの概念も導入されている。
- As the modern age approached, Michio MIYAGI completely fixed all the parts in his tunes, and into them he introduced the Western concept of polyphony.
- 水を加えた寒天を火にかけて溶かし、砂糖を加えてしばらく煮詰めたものに、メレンゲ (菓子)をあわせて固めた菓子。
- It is the confectionery made by melting Japan agar after adding water, and then boiling it down with sugar, and molding it after mixing with meringue (confectionery).
- 但しどの程度水で溶くかは重要で、固いともっさりとした食感になり、柔らかいと焼く時に生地が外に流れ出してしまう。
- However, the amount of water with which the dough is mixed is important and if the dough is hard the texture becomes heavy and if soft the dough flows out when grilling.
- 駅構内等で販売され販売駅等に限定とされる弁当を、「駅弁」と定義する文化・意識は、ほとんど日本固有のものである。
- The culture and sense defining the box lunch sold within station precincts, etc. and limited to the station as 'Ekiben' is peculiar to Japan.
- 宮中では菖蒲を髪飾りにした人々が武徳殿に集い天皇から薬玉(くすだま薬草を丸く固めて飾りを付けたもの)を賜った。
- In the Imperial Palace, people wearing a Japanese iris in their hair got together at the Butokuden (a palace building) and were granted a Kusudama (literally, ball of medicine made of conglobed herbs and a decoration was added) by the emperor.
- また最近は、生卵ではなく、白身が凝固した半熟卵や、黄身がやや固まり白身はやわらかい温泉卵が供される傾向もある。
- It is a new tendency that a half-boiled egg with clotted white or a hot-spa egg slow-boiled so that the yolk is slightly hard but the white is still soft is served instead of a raw egg.
- 盤領(あげくび・ばんりょう・まるえり)首の周りが丸い円周の形をした襟で、左の襟を右の肩の近くに固定させて着る。
- Agekubi, or also pronounced as Banryo and Marueri: Collar shaped circumference around the neck, with the left side collar fixed near to the right shoulder.
- 残った身の部分はかなり固くなるが、栄養的には脂質は抜けきってコラーゲンが豊富で、煮込むと非常にやわらかくなる。
- Although the resultant meat residues are rather hard, they are nutritionally rich in collagen completely without fats, and when stewed, they become very soft.
- 江戸時代中期以降、地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽はそれぞれ固有の曲も残しつつ、合奏のため同じ曲を共有する比率が高くなった。
- Since the mid Edo period, more and more, jiuta, so-kyoku, and kokyu-gaku tended to share the same songs for ensemble while each maintaining their own songs.
- はじめは甘楽郡福島村に陣屋を構え、後に小幡村に移転し、城下町や灌漑用水設備の整備など、藩政の基礎固めに努めた。
- Nobuyoshi first established the Jin-ya (regional government office) in Fukushima village of Kanra district, and later moved to Obata village where he made efforts to solidify the foundation for domain duties such as the improvement of the castle town and the irrigation system.
- これに対し一豊は重要なポストを外部からの人材で固め、種崎浜での討伐などあくまで武断措置を取ってこれに対応した。
- In response, Katsutoyo used people from other places for important positions and dared to use military force such as the attack at Tanezaki Beach.
- 定冠詞(the)を付ける場合もあるが、その場合でも大文字の E という原則は崩れない(固有名詞扱いであるため)。
- In some cases, the definite article (the) is used, but the principle of using capital E can't be broken (for it is treated as a proper noun).
- 20数名の尊攘過激派に対し、当初踏み込んだのは近藤勇・沖田総司・永倉新八・藤堂平助の4名で、残りは屋外を固めた。
- Four of the members - Isami KONDO, Soji OKITA, Shinpachi NAGAKURA, and Heisuke TODO - first attacked the 20-some radical nationalists while the rest shored up the perimeter.
- 近世初頭、豊臣秀吉、徳川政権によって固定的な被差別身分が編成された際に、河原者はその中に組み込まれたと言われる。
- It is said that the Kawaramono were included in a fixed discriminated position when the position was organized by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and the Tokugawa government in the early modern period.
- ただし、ここでいう「春分」は暦の上での3月21日に固定されており、天文学上の春分を含む日とは必ずしも一致しない。
- That said, while the calendar 'vernal equinox' date is fixed as March 21, the dates of astronomical vernal equinox days do not always coincide.
- 古くには「ホシをつける=容疑者を推定する。ホシがつく=容疑が固まる」などの用法もあった(隠語辞典・東京堂出版)。
- Formerly, usage such as 'hoshi wo tsukeru = to presume a crime suspect, hoshi ga tsuku = to substantiate a charge' and so on existed (Cant Dictionary, Tokyodo Publishing Co., Ltd).
- 長方形に固めた酢飯の上に塩鯖の半身をのせ、出汁コンブで全体をくるみ、すだれで形を整えた後、竹皮で包んだ物である。
- Saba-zushi is made through processes of placing one side of a salted mackerel over the rectangular-shaped vinegared rice, wrapping it with tangle used for stock, forming it with bamboo screen, and wrapping it with peeled bamboo.
- 本来は髷の根を固定する実用的な道具であったが、江戸後期の複雑な結髪になると用途は後退し、ほぼ装飾品と同じとなる。
- Originally, Kogai hairpins were a practical item used to secure the topknot of a hairdo however, with the onset of more complex hairstyles in the late Edo period their usefulness diminished and, became much like an ornamental accessory.
- 維衡、正度らの活動によって確固たる勢力を築いた伊勢平氏は、やがて後世において平清盛が出て一大権門に発展していく。
- By the activities of Korehira and Masanori, Ise-Heishi (the Taira clan) established strong power and Kiyomori appearing in the later generations, the Taira clan developed into one of the most powerful families in the country.
- 禅譲を持ちかけられた義尋は、まだ若い義政に後継男子誕生の可能性があることを考慮して将軍職就任の要請を固辞し続けた。
- Hearing about the offer of the position, Yoshihiro, considering the young enough age of Yoshimasa to have an inheriting son, firmly declined the proposal for voluntary transfer of the Shogunate.
- ただし、当時すでに強固な主従関係が見られたわけではなく、流動的な側面を持つ主従関係だったことに注意する必要がある。
- Note, however, these subordinate-superior relationships were not necessarily rigidly established at that time; they seemed to also have flexible aspects.
- マイタケを生のまま入れるとプロテアーゼ(タンパク質分解酵素)の作用で卵が凝固しなくなるので、火を通してから入れる。
- When raw maitake mushroom (fan-shaped mushroom with multiple layers) is used as an ingredient, it prevents egg from setting by the effect of protease (proteolytic enzyme), so put it after it is boiled.
- この豆乳がまだ熱いうちににがり(凝固剤)を加えると蛋白分子が後述するように網目状に繋がり、豆乳はプリン状に固まる。
- When bittern (coagulant) is added to the warm soy milk, protein molecules spread in the form of a net as described below, and the soy milk curdles into a pudding-like consistency.
- 手水が多いと餅を搗いている最中は柔らかいが、後で延ばしたり成形するときに固くなりやすく、先々カビが生えやすくなる。
- When temizu is too much, the mochi is soft during the pounding, however, mochi tends to become hard for stretching and shaping conducted later and also tends to become moldy later on.
- 清澄・濾過工程 沈殿除去、珪藻土濾過や精密濾過などを用い、醤油に含まれる変性タンパク質など不溶性固形分を除去する。
- Clarifying and filtering process: Remove the precipitate, and use diatomite filtration and precise filtration to remove insoluble solids such as a denatured protein contained in soy-sauce.
- 柔帽子、堅帽子の別なく見られる造りの一種で、控えを固める事によって手首〜親指根の自由が無くなり手首が安定しやすい。
- The structure is the one seen irrespective of yawarakaboshi or kataboshi and by reinforcing hikae, the part from wrist to thumb cannot move freely and is likely to stabilize.
- しかも、将軍就任に向けて無駄に歳月を浪費した事態は、新体制を固めきれない三好政権には好ましくない結果をもたらした。
- Furthermore, having wasted time for assumption to Shogun brought undesirable result for the Miyoshi government which couldn't fix new system.
- 元々は祭祀に用いる鏡を表す一般名詞であったものが、後に三種の神器の一つである鏡を指す固有名詞になったと考えられる。
- Yata no Kagami is thought to have originally been a common noun signifying a mirror used in Shinto rituals, then later becoming a proper noun to specify the mirror of the Three Imperial Regalia.
- すでに前年には官位は正二位に昇っていたが、官職は寛正6年(1465年)に権中納言を辞して以来、就任を固辞している。
- In the year before, his rank became as high as Shonii (Senior Second Rank), but later he resigned from Gon Chunagon in 1465, he firmly refused to assume the new title.
- また江戸時代から素謡教授として強固な基盤を持っていた伊予松山藩出身の知識人たち(池内信嘉・高浜虚子)の後援があった。
- Also the school had support from an intellectuals from the Iyo-Matsuyama Domain (such as Nobuyoshi IKENOUCHI and Kyoshi TAKAHAMA), who had strong foundation as Su-utai (Noh lyrics without music) instructor since the Edo period.
- これに塩、砂糖、酒などをくわえてゆるめ、容器に固く詰め込み、蓋をして目張りをして、冷所に置き、よく熟れた粕に漬ける。
- Mix sake lees with salt, sugar, or sake to a pleasing consistency, stuff it into a container, seal it up with the lid, and keep it in a cool place to make it ripen.
- 白河法皇に疎んじられていた藤原忠実を呼び戻して娘の藤原泰子(高陽院)を入内させるなど、院の要職を自己の側近で固める。
- The Emperor called back FUJIWARA no Tadazane, who was disfavored by the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa, and he then arranged his daughter, FUJIWARA no Taishi (Kaya no in) an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into the court, and filled all the significant posts with his close aides.
- (その他の主な技:四教、五教、六教(肘固め)、天地投げ、腰投げ、十字絡み、隅落し、呼吸投げ、合気投げ、合気落し 等)
- (Other major techniques: Yonkyo (aikido's fourth basic technique, gokyo (aikido's fifth basic technique), rokkyo (the aikido's sixth basic technique) (hijigatame (elbow lock)), tenchinage throw, koshinage throw, juji garami (cross-entangling method), sumiotoshi drop (corner drop), kokyunage throw, aikinage throw, aikiotoshi drop (aiki drop), etc.)
- 正月に餅料理を食する慣習は古代より「歯固」の儀式と結びついた形で存在しており、それと関連して発生したと見られている。
- The custom of eating mochi dishes in the New Year has been associated with the ceremony of 'Hagatame' (strengthening teeth) since ancient times, and this is considered to have given rise to zoni.
- また、この時期には金玉かん、淡雪(メレンゲ (菓子)を寒天で固めたもの)、みぞれかんといったあらたな羊羹も登場した。
- Other new types of yokan such as Kingyoku-kan (transparent jelly containing agar and sugar), Awayuki (confection of meringue jellified with agar), and Mizore-kan (jelly containing agar, sugar and glutinous rice flour) also appeared in this period.
- 加えて高熱で焼き固める事から保存性が良く、湿気さえ気を付ければ20–30年経っても味が変わらないとさえいわれている。
- Further, because kompeito is made by going through the lengthy heating process at high temperatures, it has an exceptional shelf life whereby it is said that, in a dry condition, it will retain its original flavor for 20 to 30 years.
- 血液凝固因子を作るのに不可欠なビタミンKや大豆由来のタンパク質も豊富であり、現在でも重要なタンパク質源となっている。
- As natto is rich in vitamin K which is vital for producing blood coagulation factors and the protein derived from soybeans, the food is still considered as an important source of protein.
- 控えが固められていない為、“弓道射法八節”に於ける帽子の働きを助ける為に「小紐」を一回り親指に絡めてカケ紐を締める。
- Since hikae is not reinforced, 'kohimo' is twined around thumb once and tighten kake himo (a leather strap for securing a yugake) to assist the movement of boshi in 'Kyudo-shaho hassetsu.'
- 公家諸法度、武家諸法度などの法を整備、定着させ、徳川幕府の基礎を固めた為政者としての手腕を、高く評価する意見もある。
- There are some opinions which highly rate his competence as statesman who solidified the foundation of the Tokugawa Shogunate by preparing and establishing such relevant laws as Kuge Shohatto and Buke Shohatto.
- 職業としての神事があり、神棚や装束を備え纏い、行程の節目に固有の儀式を行い、現在も引き継いでいる職業は多く存在する。
- There were divine services in each occupation, where a household Shinto altar was set, a costume was worn, and unique rites were performed at milestones in the process, and many occupations still continue the services in the present day.
- 平氏は福原に陣営を置いて、その外周(東の生田口、西の一ノ谷口、山の手の夢野口)に強固な防御陣を築いて待ち構えていた。
- The Taira clan set their military camp in the Fukuwara region and built a strong defensive army in the surrounding areas (the Ikuta fortress entrance for protection of the East; the Ichinotani fortress entrance would protect the West, and the Yumeno fortress entrance would protect the hilly section of the city), and they waited for the arrival of the Kamakura (Minamoto) army.
- そして、北条氏の第2代執権には義時が就任し、義時のもとで北条氏は幕府内における地位を確固たるものとしていくのである。
- Then, Yoshitoki assumed the office of the second regency from the Hojo clan, and under Yoshitoki's control, the Hojo clan secured its place in the bakufu.
- 伝統工芸士は、その産地固有の伝統工芸の保存、技術・技法の研鑽に努力し、その技を後世の代に伝えるという責務を負っている。
- The duty of traditional craftsmen is to make efforts for the preservation of endemic traditional crafts, the improvement of their skills and techniques, and the transmission of traditions to posterity.
- 役名が現在のものに固定するのは明治28年に九代目團十郎によって『暫』が独立した一幕物として上演されて以後のことである。
- The names became fixed when Danjuro (the ninth) performed 'Shibaraku' as an independent play in 1895.
- 信憑性に欠けるこの説明から確実にわかるのは、都加留(津軽)が固有名をあげられるほどの有力集団として存在したことである。
- What can be said for sure from this description, which has no credibility, is that Tsugaru was a dominant group of the Emishi because its proper name was mentioned in the record.
- 葛切り(くずきり)は、葛粉を水で溶かしてから加熱し、冷却して板状に固めたものをうどんのように細長く切った麺状の食べ物。
- Kudzukiri, a noodle for eating, is made with heated kudzu flour that has been dissolved in water and then set into a board shape by cooling, after which it is cut into long, thin forms udon (Japanese wheat noodles).
- 歯固めの儀式では長寿を願い、餅の上に赤い菱餅を敷き、その上に猪肉やダイコン、アユの塩漬け、ウリなどをのせて食べていた。
- At New Year Feasts, participants prayed for longevity, covered sticky rice cakes with red colored water chestnut rice cakes and placed on top of this boar meat, giant white radish (daikon), salted sweetfish (ayu) and gourd which were then consumed.
- そのため、ボケとツッコミは厳密には、固定化された役割とは限らず、やり取りの様を概念化したものだと考えるのが妥当である。
- Therefore, it is a good guess that boke and tsukkomi are not fixed roles in a precise sense, and the exchange of conversation between the two roles is just conceptualized.
- 天かすを大量に作り余熱を持ったまま一ヶ所に固めてゴミ箱などに放置した場合、一時間以上後に突如出火してしまう場合がある。
- A mass of deep-fried tenkasu with the remaining heat left in the dumpster can be the cause of sudden fire in one or more hours.
- しかし、これも炊きあがり直前に生卵を載せるものの、食べる際には半熟以上に固まっているため、生卵を食べるとは言いがたい。
- However, though a raw egg is added immediately before completion of the food, the egg is boiled more than half when it is eaten, and therefore it is also hard to say they eat a raw egg.
- また、口に含むと素早く溶け風味のよい甘さから、和三盆そのものを固めただけの菓子が存在し干菓子の代表格となるほどである。
- There is a sweet cake which is simply made by solidifying Wasanbon itself; it melts quickly in the mouth with such a flavorful sweetness that it has become a typical dry confectionery.
- 別離からまだ日も浅く、気が塞いでるので舞う気にならないとその場になっても固辞するのを、再三の命によって舞う事になった。
- She refused to obey the order, saying that not many days had passed since she departed from Yoshitsune and she still felt depressed and did not feel ready to dance, but she had to accept the order to dance because of repeated orders.
- それを作文の上で参考にするのは問題ないが、頼りすぎて表現が固定化され本来の祝詞の意義からは外れているという指摘もある。
- It is all right to use samples as a reference when creating Norito, but some critics point out that too much dependence on samples and templates can lead to fixed expressions of Norito, which misses the original objectives of Norito.
- この発想で追求された“日本人固有”の行き着くところは天皇になり、外圧の高まりとともに尊皇攘夷も高ぶっていくことになった。
- The 'originality of Japanese people,' which was pursued by this idea, eventually led to the Emperor, and with increasing pressure from foreign countries the feeling for Sonno joi also intensified.
- 江戸時代後期ごろ、日本の古典を研究する学問国学のなかから、“外来宗教伝来以前の日本人固有の考え方”という発想が起こった。
- During the latter half of the Edo period, the idea of 'original way of thinking by Japanese people prior to the introduction of foreign religions' arose in the studies of Japanese literature and culture, which emphasized Japanese classical literature.
- また生物は、主な構成物質が蛋白質であるために、その大半は蛋白質の凝固温度の手前である35℃前後が活動に適した温度である。
- On the other hand, since the main components of an organism are protein, a temperature around thirty-five degrees centigrade, which is below the coagulation temperature of protein, is suitable for most activities.
- また反応熱は固まりの内部からは逃げにくいため、こもった熱によりさらに反応が加速され、温度が油の発火点を超えると発火する。
- Also, since the reaction heat hardly escapes from the piece, the trapped heat accelerates the reaction and takes fire when exceeding the fire point of the oil.
- 福原を本営に強固な防御陣を築いて待ち受ける平氏に対し、範頼軍は東側から正面攻撃を行い、生田の森において激戦が展開された。
- Against the Taira clan, who put their headquarters and set up strong defensive positions at Fukuhara, the Noriyori army conducted a frontal attack from the east side and heavy fighting took place at Ikuta no-mori Forest.
- 「クモ」「クミ」「クニ」などは「籠る」「組む」の意味で、浮脂のように漂っていたものが次第に固まる様子を表したものという説
- One theory is that 'Kumo,' 'Kumi,' or 'Kuni' used in his name means 'seclude,' or 'assemble,' symbolizing the way something drifting like floating grease gradually sticks together.
- 古典『太平記』では、東光寺の土で壁を固めた牢に閉じ込められたことになっている(土牢は鎌倉宮敷地内に復元されたものが現存)。
- According to one of the Japanese classics, 'Taiheiki,' Morinaga was confined in prison with mud walls in Toko-ji Temple (the prison with mud walls were restored and still exists on the site of Kamakura palace).
- 中庸の位で、特に固有の性格というものも持たず、囃子の構成(大小中之舞・太鼓中之舞)や曲趣、役柄によってそれぞれに仕分ける。
- With a moderate tempo and without any particular characteristics, the mai is classified depending on the configuration of hayashi (Chu no mai accompanied on dai-sho (big and small) hand drums or Chu no mai accompanied on drums), on the characteristics of the music or on the performers' character in the Noh play.
- 応保2年(1162年)には叔父の経宗を召還する一方、自らを呪詛した時忠・源資賢を配流するなど着々と政治基盤を固めていった。
- In 1162 the Emperor recalled his uncle, Tsunemune, while on the other hand Tokitada and MINAMOTO no Sukekata who had made a curse toward the Emperor, were sentenced to deportation in order to gradually establish the basis of his government.
- 三婦女房おつぎは、ごく普通の市井の一女房だが、反面、老侠客の連れ合いの味を出すことも求められ、脇を固める重要な役柄である。
- Sabu's wife Otsugi is ordinary, but at the same time she needs to be saporific as a companion of the old kyokaku, and thereby it is important as the supporting role.
- 技の呼称は「技開始時の受け手・捕り手の位置的関係」または「技開始時の受け手の攻撃形態」に「上記の固有技名」を組み合わせる。
- The names of techniques are a combination of 'the positional relationship of the defender and attacker at the beginning of the technique' or 'the form of attack of the defender at the beginning of the technique' and 'the specific names of techniques described above.'
- ところてん(心太または心天、瓊脂)は、テングサやオゴノリなどの海藻類をゆでて煮溶かし、発生した寒天質を冷まして固めた食品。
- Tokoroten, written in Japanese as ところてん, 心太, 心天, or 瓊脂, is food made by boiling seaweed such as tengusa (Gelidiaceae) and ogonori (Chinese moss) until they melt and produce agar, which is then cooled down until set.
- 寒天を用いて粒餡を四角く固めたものの各面に、小麦粉を水でゆるく溶いた生地を付けながら、熱した銅板上で一面ずつ焼いてつくる。
- To make kakukintsuba, first, make rectangular solid gel cakes with tsubuan and agar solution, coat one side of the tsubuan cake with thin batter made of flour and water at a time, sear the coated side on the hot copper griddle immediately and repeat the coating and searing process until all sides have been done.
- そしてそれらの書籍を扱う「貸本屋」の普及や利用により、庶民の中で各々の妖怪の様相が固定し、それが日本全国に広がっていった。
- By the spread and use of 'rental bookstores' that dealt with such books, the appearance of each yokai became established among the general public, and that spread throughout Japan.
- 宝字8年(764年)に藤原仲麻呂が反乱を起こすと、朝廷側は仲麻呂の募兵と脱出を阻止するために美濃国に固関の使者を遣わした。
- When FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's Revolt broke out in 764, the loyalist court faction dispatched envoys to close the barrier checkpoints in and out of Mino Province in an effort to prevent Nakamaro from raising more troops and to prevent his escape.
- しかし、軌道が固まっていなかったことや米国製パンタグラフの不調もあって、運行開始当日から電車が立ち往生するトラブルが発生。
- However, from the first day of the operation, troubles occurred and the trains were stuck because the track had not hardened enough and the pantographs made in America did not work rightly.
- 藩主としては有能で、藩政においては文武を奨励し、民政においても善政を第一とすることに尽力したため、藩政の基礎が固められた。
- He was very capable as the lord of the domain and managed to consolidate the foundation of the domain duties by encouraging literary and military arts, and by prioritizing good government in civil administration.
- 1970年(昭和45年)7月 - 80形電車81~93を順次2両連結編成に改造(1972年1月までに2両固定編成化完了)。
- July, 1970: Model 80 electric cars of 81- 93 were altered one by one in order to use them for two-car train operation (the conversion to two-car train operation was completed in January 1972).
- 源義忠の後を継いだ源為義が効果的な施策を打ち出せずにいた一方、白河院の寵愛を受けた伊勢平氏傍流の平正盛が地位を固めていった。
- While MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, who succeeded MINAMOTO no Yoshitada, was unable to implement effective measures, TAIRA no Masamori, a branch of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) who won the favor of Retired Emperor Shirakawa, solidified his position.
- 男系継承を固守するよりも女系を容認した方がはるかに容易な場合もあったのに、時の朝廷や幕府は常に男系継承の維持を選択してきた。
- Sometimes, accepting female-line, rather than sticking to male-line succession, was much easier; the imperial court or Bakufu (Japanese feudal government) chose to maintain male-line succession.
- 武田信賢は若狭国内の一色氏残党や一揆を次々に鎮圧して国内を固める一方、応仁の乱では東軍に属して丹後国に侵攻するなど活躍した。
- Nobutaka TAKEDA suppressed the remnants of the Isshiki clan as well as uprisings in Wakasa Province, and when the Onin War occurred, he sided with the east forces and invaded Tango Province.
- 平安時代末期の院政期には、漆を厚く塗って形が崩れない冠となり、纓が本体から分離して纓壺に纓を差し込んで固定するようになった。
- During the regime of cloistered government in the end of the Heian period, Court caps were thickly lacquered so they would not lose their shapes, and ei was separated from the main part and it was put in etsubo (a pocket for ei attached to the back of the main part) to be fixed.
- また、琵琶湖産の稚アユは日本各地へ放流され、そのために琵琶湖固有種が各地で繁殖するという、移入種を生み出す元ともなっている。
- At the same time, the larvae of ayu hatched in Lake Biwa are released into the local rivers in Japan, and therefore Lake Biwa can be a source of introduced species.
- そして、国司苛政上訴が功を奏し、太政官の政策に影響を与え、国内の税率を固定化する「公田官物率法」が1040年代に制定された。
- Kokushi kasei joso was effective in having an effect on Daijokan's policies, resulting in the enactment of 'Koden kanmotsu rippo' (fixing a limit of 3 to of rice per tan of land) in 1040 for fixing the tax rates in Japan.
- しかし、14世紀末ごろになると、一定の氏族がその国の守護職を相伝(世襲)するという守護職の固定化が見られるようになっていた。
- However, in around the end of the 14th century, the shugo-shiki was exclusively possessed by a certain clan that inherited the post of its province, which was called 'monopolization of the shugo-shiki.'
- これは「己の名誉と贖罪の為、死を以って償う」という切腹の理念が「日本人の伝統」として固定化されたためであるという意見もある。
- There is the opinion that this is due to the seppuku principle of 'redeeming one's own honor and atonement through death' becoming established as 'the culture of the Japanese people.'
- 漢語における豆腐の「腐」は腐る意味ではなく、チーズのように凝固した食品(英語のカード (食品) curd にあたる)を指す。
- The character '腐' in Chinese word tofu doesn't mean 'to go bad'; instead, it refers to curdled food such as cheese (corresponding to 'curd' in English).
- またその役割分担も必ずしも固定的ではなく、達者とされるコンビほど、流れによって自然にボケとツッコミが入れ替わる展開を用いる。
- Roles of boke and tsukkomi can be switched around; versatile entertainers can switch their roles naturally depending on the situation.
- その後一時、現在の大阪府池田市に滞在するものの、京都へ戻り円山応挙の門をたたくが、応挙は固辞して受けず、親友として待遇した。
- After that, he stayed in Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture at one time and then went back to Kyoto to be a pupil of Okyo MARUYAMA, but Okyo refused the request and treat him as his best friend.
- 甥の義兼が逸早く頼朝の下に駆けつけて活躍し以後代々北条氏と姻戚関係にあって強固に結びつくことによって幕府内での地位を保った。
- After his nephew Yoshikane ran to Yoritomo soon to play an active part, he could keep up his position at the Government by a storong connection with the Hojo clan related by marriage for generations.
- 「境内地」とは、第2号から第7号までに掲げるような宗教法人の同条に規定する目的のために必要な当該宗教法人に固有の土地をいう。
- Keidaichi' is defined as the fixed land that is necessary for a religious corporation, as described from item 2 to item 7, to conduct activities stipulated in those same articles.
- そのため、国鉄部内でも動力集中式に固執する者が多かったが、島秀雄は例外的に戦前から動力分散方式の特性を理解し、研究していた。
- Therefore, there were also many in JNR who stuck to the concentrated traction system, but Hideo SHIMA was an exception who understood and contributed to investigating the characteristics of the distributed traction system from the pre-war era.
- 2本の柱の上に笠木(かさぎ)および島木(しまぎ)を渡し、その下に貫(ぬき)を入れて柱を固定したのが一般的な鳥居の構造である。
- The torii's basic structure has two columns topped with horizontal rails respectively called the kasagi and shimagi, and below the top two rails is another horizontal rail called the nuki, which connects the two columns.
- さらに、前九年の役の源頼義の先例を随時持ち出すことによって、坂東の武士達と頼朝との主従関係をさらに強固にする役割も果たした。
- Moreover, the battle reinforced a relationship between lord and vassal of Yoritomo and Bando samurai by frequently bringing up precedents of MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi at Zen Kunen no Eki.
- 大御所徳川家康の薨後、甥である将軍・徳川秀忠から篤く敬われ、同9年(1623年)7月、将軍秀忠より侍従職を進められるも固辞。
- After the death of influential Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Sadakatsu was well-respected by Ieyasu's nephew, Shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA, but he firmly refused his offer to be a chamberlain in July, 1623.
- このため各国はアメリカの通貨アメリカ合衆国ドルとの固定為替相場制を介し、間接的に金と結びつく形での金本位制となったのである。
- This made each country adopt gold and dollar standard system in which its currency was indirectly linked to the gold through the fixed exchange rate system with US dollar, the currency of the United State of America convertible into gold.
- 特に京は寛永文化、大坂は元禄文化、江戸は化政文化の中心地として、それぞれの時代や環境に合わせた固有の文化を繁栄させていった。
- In particular, Kyo as the center of Kanei culture, Osaka as the center of Genroku culture, and Edo as the center of Kasei culture, the three cities gave birth to distinctive cultures in reflection of different times and conditions.
- 1266年(文永3年)にもたらされた蒙古(元 (王朝))国書に対する返書や、異国警固を巡り紛糾する最中に起こった事件である。
- It was the incident that took place in the midst of confusions over the reply to the Mongol (Yuan [Dynasty]) letter that was delivered in 1266, and the guard against foreign countries.
- 長じて摂関家の嫡男藤原忠通との縁談が持ち上がったが、璋子の素行に噂があったため忠通の父藤原忠実は固辞し、白河院の不興を買った。
- There was a marriage proposal for the eldest son of the family eligible for regents and chancellor, FUJIWARA no Tadamichi, however, a rumor went around about Shoshi's behavior, Tadamichi's father, FUJIWARA no Tadazane, did not give approval to the proposal and it left a bad impression on Shirakawa in.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に入ると、戦国大名による強固な領国支配(大名領国制)が布かれるようになり、一層、名主の権限は薄まっていった。
- During the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), daimyo (Japanese territorial lords) established absolute control over their regions (known as daimyo ryogoku system), causing a further weakening of the authority of myoshu.
- 荘園公領制成立以前の武士は封建領主としての確固たる領地を持たず、一般の田堵負名と同様に名田の経営権を国衙との契約で付与された。
- Samurai didn't have their settled territories where they could rule as a feudal load before the shoen-koryo system was established, and kokuga gave management rights of myoden to them as well as ordinary tato and fumyo (local tax managers) by contract.
- 室町時代後期になると麻の紐の代わりに紙縒に糊水を引いて乾かして固め、紅白あるいは金銀に染め分けた紙糸が使用されるようになった。
- Long twisted red and white or gold and silver strips of paper hardened with glue came into use instead of the hemp strings in the latter half of the Muromachi period.
- さらに、工業的な製法として、豆乳を一旦冷やし、凝固剤といっしょにプラスチック容器に流し込んでから加熱して固める充填豆腐もある。
- Furthermore, as an industrial production process, juten dofu (filled tofu) is made through the processes of chilling soy milk, putting the chilled soy milk into a plastic container with a coagulant, and curding it by heating.
- なお、なぜ「かたしお」(片塩:大和高田市にある安寧天皇の宮があった古地名、あるいは固めた塩)でなく、「きたし」と読むかは不明。
- It is unknown as to why her name is read as 'Kitashi' as opposed to 'Katashio' (Katashio: the name of an old region in Takada-shi, Yamato, where the Imperial House of Emperor Annei was, or as hardened salt).
- 本来危険分子の隔離が目的であったが、当時政府はロシアの南下に備える為に北海道の開拓を推し進め北の守りを固める方針をとっていた。
- The original purpose was to isolate such dangerous elements, but the government of the time had a policy to protect the north by encouraging reclamation of Hokkaido, in order to be ready for Russia's advancing southward.
- しかし学友や帝大総長の励ましに後押しされ、卒業試験延期をも決して、五輪出場の意を固めた(卒業式は大会期間中に予定されていた)。
- Nevertheless, he decided to postpone his graduation exam of the university and participate in the Olympics, encouraged by the support of schoolmates and chancellor of Imperial University (graduation ceremony was scheduled during the Olympics).
- 元寇がおきると異国警固番役のために出陣し、元 (王朝)軍と戦ったが、傷を負い、建治元年(1275年)8月16日に37歳で死去。
- When the Mongol invasion of Japan occurred, he went to the front as the Ikokukeigobanyaku (military service imposed to gokenin [immediate vassals of the shogunate] in the Kyushu area by bakufu in order to provide against the invasion of Yuan dynasty), and fought against Yuan (Dynasty) army, however, he got injured and died at the age of 37 on August 16, 1275.
- 松平忠固や水野忠央(紀州藩付家老)ら南紀派の政治工作により 安政5年(1858年)4月23日、直弼は江戸幕府の大老に就任した。
- On April 23, 1858, Naosuke was appointed to Tairo (chief minister) of the Edo bakufu through the political maneuvering of certain members of the Nanki Group (a group supporting Yoshitomi from the Kishu-Tokugawa family), such as Tadakata MATSUDAIRA and Tadanaka MIZUNO.
- 赤穂藩主となった浅野長直は赤穂城築城、城下の上水道の設備、赤穂塩開発などをおこない、赤穂藩の基礎を固めた名君として名を馳せた。
- Naganao ASANO, who had become the lord of Ako Domain, was renowned as a wise ruler who had built the foundation of Ako Domain, establishing water supply system and Ako salt development.
- 1927年3月には『映画時代』三月号の「監督人気投票」で第一位(第二位は牛原虚彦)に選出され、監督としての確固たる地位を築く。
- In March 1927, he was elected for the first rank in the 'Director popularity poll' in the magazine called 'Eiga Jidai' (literally meaning movie era) March issue (Kiyohiko USHIHARA for the second rank) and established himself as a movie director.
- 7月13日、人吉が陥落した後、干城隊指揮長阿多荘五郎は米良口の指揮を執ることとなり、諸隊を編成して米良方面の守りを固めていた。
- On July 13, after Hitoyoshi was seized, Sogoro ATA, Commander of the Kanjo-tai troop, was ordered to take command of Meraguchi, and reinforced defense in the Mera area by organizing the troops.
- 大内政弘の後を継いだ大内義興は、少弐氏を一時滅亡に追いやるなど北九州・中国地方の覇権を確立し、その勢力基盤を確固たるものとした。
- Yoshioki OUCHI, who succeeded to Masahiro OUCHI, established a hegemony in northern Kyushu and Chugoku regions, as well as driving the Shoni clan to a temporary fall, and consolidated the base of his power.
- 1800名程度の将兵にも関わらず籠城軍の士気は高く、西軍は4万の大軍で攻めるが豊臣秀吉の築城した名城である伏見城は堅固であった。
- Despite only having a total of 1,800 officers and soldiers, the morale the besieged garrison was high, and the great Fushimi-jo Castle built by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI allowed them to resist the army of the West, which numbered some 40,000 men, for some time. After some desperate fighting from Mototada, the castle eventually succumbed, but the garrison's efforts dramatically affected the strategies of the subsequent battle.
- 屋台で廉価なすしを売る「屋台店」が市中にあふれる一方で、「内店」とよばれる固定店をかまえるすし屋では、比較的高価なすしを売った。
- While 'yatai-mise' (stall) selling sushi at a reasonable price became ubiquitous in Edo City, sushi shops called 'uchi-mise' (operating at a fixed place) offered relatively high-priced sushi.
- 日本固有の大和言葉では、 '天皇が慈しむべき天下の大いなる宝である万民' を意味する、 'おおみたから' の和訓がふられている。
- In yamato-kotoba, words of Japanese origin, the Japanese reading 'omitakara,' which indicates 'people who are great treasures of the country and should be cared for by an emperor,' is given.
- その後、次第に「京の都」(きょうのみやこ)、「京」(きょう)、「京都」(きょうと)が都市の固有名詞のようになり、定着していった。
- Kyo-no-Miyako,' 'Kyo' and 'Kyoto' later gradually became the proper nouns used to refer to the capital and their usage was established.
- このため、パイナップルやキウイフルーツなどの果物に含まれるプロテアーゼ(タンパク質分解酵素)によって凝固が阻害されることがない。
- Accordingly, the process of coagulation can't be blocked by the protease (proteolytic enzyme) contained in such fruits as pineapple and kiwi.
- もろみ(醪・諸味とも書く)とは、醤油・酒などを作るために醸造した液体の中に入っている、原料が発酵した柔らかい固形物のことである。
- 'もろみ (moromi) also spelled as醪・諸味' refers to the softly solidified product where the ingredients in the brewed liquid for making soy sauce, sake and so on fermented.
- 次に後布の腰板を背中に密着するように按配しながら、帯の結び目の上に置く(腰板にヘラがついていれば帯のなかに差込んで固定させる)。
- Then make adjustments so that the back plate of the back cloth is brought into close contact with your back, and place it on the knot of the obi (if the waist plate has a spatula, insert it into the obi to fix it.).
- 他の防具と異なり直接打撃を受けないことから、強固な材質は使われず、全体が刺し子及び布地である(装飾部材としては皮革も含まれる)。
- This protective gear, different form other gear, does not receive direct strokes so the entire portion is made of sashiko and cloth knit from strong materials (leather is also used for decoration materials).
- 1878年(明治11年)、政府転覆運動に荷担した疑いで夫の宗光が禁固5年の刑に処せられ、山形監獄(のちに宮城監獄)に収監された。
- In 1878, her husband Munemitsu received a sentence of five years' imprisonment for suspicion of taking part in the movement to overthrow the government, and he was imprisoned in the Yamagata prison (later moved to the Miyagi prison).
- それと共に、それを背景として熊野の修験組織をまとめ上げ、熊野三山検校として修験道の重要寺院としての位置づけを確固たるものとした。
- In line with this role, the temple also consolidated the organization of Kumano's Shugendo and served an important role as Kumano Sanzan Kengyo.
- しかし冠着という元服式のときのみ「放巾子(はなちこじ)」と言われる本体と巾子を別に作り、装着後に紐で結んで固定するものが使われた。
- But only at coming-of-age ceremony called Kamurigi, 'hanachi-koji,' a headgear which consisted of separate body and koji and be fixed with strings in wearing, were used.
- こうして、田堵負名層は特定の名田に対する諸権利を固定化しうるようになり、田堵負名から名主(みょうしゅ)へと成長していったのである。
- In this way, the tato fumyo class became capable of fixing their rights to specific myoden, and it helped tato fumyo to develop into myoshu (owner of rice fields).
- 紀元前から大陸や南方から渡ってきた人々が文化をもたらすことはあったと考えられるが、話す言葉や生活などは日本固有の文化が育ってきた。
- It is considered that people coming from the Continent or the south brought a culture before Christ, but, with respect to spoken language and life, a culture endemic to Japan grew.
- さらに親指根〜手首部分が固めてあり、ユガケを挿しカケ紐で手首を適度に巻き締めることにより、手首〜親指は動きの自由度が殆ど無くなる。
- Furthermore, as the part from the base of the thumb to the wrist is reinforced, the part has little degree of freedom for movement by twining kake himo (a leather strap for securing a yugake) and tightening the wrist when wearing a yugake.
- この時算節は「予に敗兆ありとせば断固死を決して打ち継ぐべし」と述べたが、因淑は「勝敗未だ判じ難き」と答えて、打ち掛けとしたという。
- At that time, Sansetsu said 'when there is a hint of loss of the game, I have to continue playing this game even though I have to die afterward,' but Inshuku replied 'it is difficult to judge who is winning,' and so the game was left unfinished.
- 後に主流となった頼信の嫡流が東国の武士団を支配下に置いて武家の棟梁としての地位を固め、源頼朝の代に鎌倉幕府を開き武家政権を確立した。
- The direct descendants of Yorinobu, who later became the mainstream, solidified their position as the head of the samurai family with the eastern samurai groups under their control, and in the era of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, they founded the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and established the samurai government.
- このような音楽の場合、「○○相方」などのように一般的に呼ばれるものの他に「対面三重」や「清仰」といった固有名詞を持つ合方も存在する。
- This kind of music includes those generally called 'XX Aikata' as well as those having proper names such as 'Taimen Sanju' and 'Seigyo.'
- 検注によって在家が確定され、均等賦課を原則としていたが、検注帳に固定された在家を本在家、新たに在家したものを脇在家・新在家と称した。
- Zaike were confirmed through kenchu (land survey) and taxes were equally assessed in principle; zaike which were fixed to the kenchucho (land survey ledger) were called honzaike (main zaike), and newly added zaike were called waki zaike (branch zaike) or shin zaike (new zaike).
- 基本的に相手の手首・肘・肩関節を制する幾つかの形から始まり、稽古を重ねる中で多様な応用技・変化技(投げ技・固め技など)を学んで行く。
- It basically starts with several kata for controlling the opponent's wrist, elbow and shoulder joints, then various application techniques and henkawaza (changing from one technique to another) (throwing techniques, grappling, etc.) are acquired through repeated training.
- インスタントうどん、あるいは安価な立ち食いでは、コストなどの関係から、揚げ玉を寄せ集めて成形し、固めただけのものを用いることが多い。
- In instant Udon noodles or Udon noodles served in cheap stand-up-eating shops, simple Tempura-like food is often used to save costs and for other reasons, which is merely molded and hardened Tenkasu (crunchy bits of deep-fried dough produced as a byproduct of cooking tempura) gathered from the surface of the oil.
- JAS(日本農林規格)では、醤油の品質基準に、含有する窒素分、無塩可溶性固形分(エキス分)、アルコールの量に従って格付けされている。
- JAS (Japan Agricultural Standards) rates soy-sauce according to the amount of contained nitrogen, unsalted soluble solid contents (extract), and alcohol as quality standards.
- 英語では、日本の新幹線はenshinkansenと表記される様に、新幹線とは日本の高速鉄道システムの固有の名称として取り扱っている。
- In English, Shinkansen in Japan is expressed as Shinkansen, handled as a proper noun indicating High-speed railway line systems in Japan.
- このため、嫡男・信忠と信玄の六女・信松尼との婚姻関係を模索し、友好関係を保つ姿勢をとるなど、周囲の勢力と同盟を結んで国内外を固めた。
- For this reason, Nobunaga reinforced the relationship with neighboring powers through alliances such as aiming to marry his legitimate son Nobutada with Shingen's sixth daughter Shinshoni and taking a stance to keep friendship.
- 「喜八一家」は助監督も固定されがちであったこともあり、門下生監督はそれぞれ十数本をサポートした竹林進、山本迪夫の二人にほぼ絞られる。
- Among the students of the 'Kihachi family,' which used very limited, almost only two, fixed assistant directors, those who became film directors are limited to almost only two, Susumu TAKEBAYASHI and Michio YAMAMOTO, and they supported Okamoto in more than a dozen films, respectively.
- 子に稲葉正備(次男)、稲葉正選(三男)、稲葉正守(七男)、娘(広幡前秀室)、娘(内藤頼以正室のち稲葉正芳正室)、娘(大岡忠固正室)。
- His children were: Masanari INABA (the second son), Masasugu INABA (the third son), Masamori INABA (the seventh son), and daughter (the lawful wife of Sakihide HIROHATA), daughter (the lawful wife of Yorimochi NAITO and later the lawful wife of Masayohi INABA) and daughter (the lawful wife of Tadataka OOKA).
- 二重の堀で囲われさらに巨大な惣堀、防御設備で固められた大坂城に立て籠もり、徳川軍を疲弊させて有利な講和を引き出そうという方針である。
- Their policy was staying in Osaka-jo Castle surrounded by double moats plus huge sobori (moats around a castle town) and fortified firmly, exhausting the Tokugawa army and gaining favorable pacification.
- これは当時の貧しい食糧事情を思っての事であったが、ブルーギルは水生昆虫や魚卵・仔稚魚を捕食して日本固有の生態系を破壊するものであった。
- He introduced the bluegill into Japan considering the serious food situation in those days, but the bluegill was later revealed to be a fish that damages the ecosystem indigenous to Japan by preying aquatic insects, roe, and small and young fishes.
- 相撲は日本固有の宗教である神道に基づいた神事であり、日本国内各地で「祭り」として「奉納相撲」がその地域住民により、現在も行われている。
- Sumo is originally a ritual ceremony based on Shinto, which is the Japanese traditional religion, and local communities still have 'honozumo' (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) as a festival in various regions throughout Japan.
- 呂中干ノ地以外の笛の譜による舞事としては楽、神楽、鞨鼓、乱、獅子、乱拍子があり、これらはそれぞれ異なった固有の笛の譜によって舞われる。
- The score of fue accompanied mai-goto other than Ryochukan no ji mono include Raku (literally, ease dance), Kagura ((sacred music and dancing performed at shrines), Kakko (double-headed barrel drum played with two sticks), Midare (literally, chaos dance), Shishi (lion dance) and Ranbyoshi (mad rhythm), each of which is danced in accompaniment to a different specific fue score.
- 新田勢は関口を本拠に、小袋坂(巨福呂、こぶくろざか)、化粧坂(けわいざか)、極楽寺坂の三方から攻撃し、義貞はそれぞれ将を一族で固めた。
- Filling his army captains with his own relatives, Yoshisada put his army base at Sekiguchi and attacked the Kamakura forces from three directions: Kobukuro-zaka, Kewai-zaka, and Gokurakuji-zaka Slopes.
- また日本側においても、鎌倉幕府は3度目の襲来に備えて、西国御家人への異国警固番役を解くこともなく、鎮西探題を設置するなど警戒を続けた。
- In the Japan side, on the other hand, Kamakura bakufu kept alert against the third invasion by establishing Chinzei tandai (the office of the military governor of Kyushu) without releasing Saigoku-gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate of the western part of Japan, esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki) who had engaged in Ikoku keiko banyaku (military service imposed by bakufu in order to prepare against the invasion of Yuan Dynasty).
- 追捕官符によって兵力動員権を得た受領のもと、警固使に任じられた者は国内の郡司・富豪層を軍事的に編成し、有事に際しては指揮権を行使した。
- The person appointed Keigoshi by the zuryo, who obtained the right to mobilize soldiers based on tsuibu kanpu, organized gunji and persons in the rich and powerful class in the province into a military system and exercised the right to command in the event of an emergency.
- 王家の分裂を固定化する意図によるものとする説と、皇位継承を王家の自律に任せ直接的な関与を避ける意図によるものとする説とが対立している。
- There are two opposing theories, one that this was done to establish a division in the Imperial family, and the other is that it was done to avoid direct intervention and leave the Imperial succession to the autonomy of the Imperial family.
- 大東流では多く伝わる逆関節技や、足による踏み技・固め技など、荒々しい技の殆どが合気道で省かれているのも、この思想性によると考えられる。
- It is believed that most of the many rough techniques taught in Daito school, such as reverse joint techniques, stamping techniques and grappling using the feet, are omitted from Aikido due to this ideology.
- 合理的な体の運用により体格体力に関わらず「小よく大を制する」、また投げ技・固め技により、相手を傷つけずに制することが可能とされている。
- Through the rational use of the body, it is believed that 'small can beat big' regardless of body build or strength, and that with throwing techniques and grappling one's opponent can be controlled without being hurt.
- 現在の日本の家庭では、カレー粉・油脂・小麦粉・旨味成分などを固形化した「ルー (食品)」を使ってカレーソースを作る調理法が主流である。
- In current Japanese households, the major method for making a curry sauce is to use 'roux,' which is a solidified mixture of ingredients such as curry powder, fat and oil, flour, and umami ingredients.
- また張載は「太虚即気」説を唱え、世界の存在を気が離散して流動性の高いあり方を「太虚」、気が凝固停滞してできているものを「万物」とした。
- Additionally, Cho Sai (Zhang Zai) preached 'the great vein is just a concrete objects' theory, defining the existences in the world as 'taikyo' when Qi is dispersed and high in mobility, and 'banbutsu' when Qi is congealed and at a standstill.
- 公家達の側でも壺井に触発されるかのように、野宮定基・滋野井公麗・裏松光世(裏松固禅)らによってその学問的水準が高められるようになった。
- Within the field of kuge kojitsu research, academic standards were raised by Sadamoto NONOMIYA, Kinkazu SHIGENOI, Mitsuyo URAMATSU (Kozen URAMATSU) and others as if they were inspired by Tsuboi.
- こうした用法はながらく続いていたが、江戸時代中期に現れた本居宣長によって、大和魂は「日本固有の心」という意味が付与されるようになった。
- These usages continued for a long time, but Norinaga MOTOORI, who appeared in the middle of the Edo period, gave the meaning of 'a unique Japanese spirit' to the term.
- 仲麻呂一族は八男の藤原辛加知が国司の越前国を目指すが、官軍が越前国衙へ急行して、まだ事変を知らぬ辛加知を斬り、国境の関を固めてしまう。
- The Nakamaro family moved toward Echizen Province, where his 8th son, FUJIWARA no Sakachi served as Kokushi, but the Imperial army rushed to Echizen Kokuga and killed Sakachi, who still hadn't known about the incident, and deployed forces on the barrier of the border.
- 父とともに建部山城(舞鶴市)を築城し、丹後国を地盤とすると、応永の乱では、大内弘茂を打ち滅ぼし、幕府中枢の地位をも確固たるものとした。
- He and his father built Takebeyama-jo Castle (Maizuru City); they made Tango Province their foodhold, and in Oei War, they defeated Hiroshige OUCHI and firmly established their position as the nucleus of bakufu.
- 万延元年(1860年)より2年ほど老中を務めたが、元治元年(1864年)に再任の台命が下ったときは一旦は固辞しているが、結局就任した。
- He served as a Roju for two years from 1860, and in 1864, he received an order of reappointment to the post; he firmly refused at first but finally reassumed the office.
- 現在、陝西省西安市にある興慶宮公園の記念碑と、江蘇省鎮江にある北固山の歌碑には、この歌を漢詩の五言絶句の形で詠ったものが刻まれている。
- Presently, this poem is inscribed in the form of gogonzekku on the monument in the Xingquig Palace Park in Xian City, Shan Xi Province and on another poetry monument in Beigushan hill, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province.
- 父の死の前年に産まれた異母妹(覚山尼)を猶子として養育し、弘長元年(1261年)に時宗に嫁がせて北条得宗家との関係を強固なものとした。
- Raising his younger paternal half-sister (Kakusan-ni), who was born a year before his father died, as his adopted daughter, he gave her in marriage to Tokimune in 1261, whereby reinforcing his relationship with the Tokuso family of the Hojo clan.
- 彼の思想は江戸時代後期の尊皇攘夷思想にも影響し、日本固有の文化を求めるため、日本の優越性を主張する国粋主義や皇国史観にも影響を与えた。
- Atsutane's ideas influenced both the development of the Sonno joi (revere the Emperor, expel the barbarians) ideology at the end of the Edo period as well as the principle of Kokujun (keeping Japan's culture pure) and Kokokukan (the theory that Japanese history is centered around Japan's Emperors), both of which stressed the preeminence of Japan.
- 中後期の例では、尾張藩・紀州藩・水戸藩・加賀藩、老中などの要職在任中の藩、伺候席の大名、長崎警固を担う佐賀藩・福岡藩は免除されていた。
- For example, following domains were exempted from Tetsudai Fushin in the middle and later period: Owari, Kishu, Mito, and Kaga; the domains with their lords filling such important posts as Roju; the domains with their lords filling the posts of shikoseki (anteroom seats for feudal lords and direct retainer of the shogun at the Edo-jo castle); and the domains in charge of the guard of Nagasaki, namely Saga and Fukuoka.
- これらは細く長く明治以降もそのまま引き継がれ、けっして大規模ではないが確固としたシステムを基盤として今日の地方蔵にも残っているのである。
- This style has been handed down for a long period of time even after the Meiji period, although the business has not grown much, and still remains in local sake-factories, with the not-large-scaled but established system as its basis.
- 固有種(魚)ビワコオオナマズ(ナマズ科)、イワトコナマズ(ナマズ科)、ホンモロコ(コイ科)、ビワヒガイ(コイ科)、アブラヒガイ(コイ科)
- Endemic species (fish): Lake Biwa catfish (Siluridae), Biwa rock catfish (Siluridae), willow shiner (Cyprinidae), Biwa oily gudgeon (Cyprinidae), minnow (Cyprinidae)
- 義弘は材木を集め、井楼48と矢倉1000余を建てて堺に方18町の強固な城を築き、「たとえ百万騎の軍勢でも破ることはできない」と豪語した。
- Yoshihiro collected lumber and erected 48 major towers and more than 1000 watchtowers, creating a castle of approx. 1.96 square meters to serve as strong points around Sakai, and began boasting that 'the enemy could not defeat us here even if they brought one million men against us.'
- そのうち市町村民税等の自主財源は2004年に関西電力の火力発電所稼動にともない固定資産税が大幅に増加したことから54.1%まで上昇した。
- Within the budget, independent revenue sources such as the municipal inhabitant's tax increased to 54.1%, due to significant increases in fixed property taxes resulting from the start of operations of Kansai Electric Power thermal power plants in 2004.
- 投げ、固めの技法から、当身技や武器術も含む技法を網羅した武道を目指したものが柔道であった (前期柔道として現代柔道と区別する者もいる)。
- Originally, judo aimed to be the martial art covering the techniques from throwing, grappling, body-striking, to weapon-handling; some call this the pre-modern judo to distinguish it from the modern judo.
- 原料となる米・ムギなど穀物の粉に水を加えて練り固めたものに、自然界に存在するクモノスカビ・ケカビの胞子が付着・繁殖してできるものである。
- It is produced by adding water to raw materials, grain powder such as rice and wheat, and stiffening them by kneading and spores of rhizopus or mucon existing naturally adhere to and grow on it.
- 将軍の一字(偏諱)を拝領する家柄は固定していたので、元来「定」の字を使用していた大名が遠慮して改名するという現象を生じた(例:久松氏)。
- The families who would be able to receive one character (Henki [a portion of the name of a person in high rank, which is given to a retainer to show their subordination]) of a Shogun's name was predetermined by the social standing of a family.
- 無勅許調印の責任を、自派のはずの堀田正睦、松平忠固に着せ、両名を閣外に逐い、かわりに太田資始、間部詮勝、松平乗全の3名を老中に起用した。
- He placed the responsibility for signing without Imperial sanction on Masayoshi HOTTA and Tadakata MATSUDAIRA, who were supposed to be a part of his own faction, and dismissed them from the Roju, and in their place, Naosuke appointed three new members: Sukemoto OTA, Akikatsu MANABE and Noriyasu MATSUDAIRA.
- 信忠の側近は美濃衆で固められていたが、これは養母濃姫との関係のみではなく、久庵慶珠が美濃衆の誰かの息女であったからではないかと思われる。
- All of the close advisers of Nobutada were Mino-shu, which was not only due to their relationship with his adopted mother Nohime, but also because Keiju KYUAN was the daughter of someone who was Mino-shu.
- 律儀に父の路線を守り、出来て間もない江戸幕府の基盤を強固にすることを期待されたのであり、結果として秀忠もそれによく応えたと言えるだろう。
- He was expected to solidify the foundations of the newly established Edo Bakufu strictly in line with his father's policy and it may be said that Hidetada consequently came up to the expectations well.
- また、シートはさすがに戦前同様固定クロスとロングのセミクロスシートであったものの、モケット地もエンジ色(当時の普通二等車は青色)とした。
- Also, deep red moquette was used for seats (blue moquette was used for ordinary second-class cars at the time), though the seats themselves were same as those used during the prewar era; namely fixed cross-seats and long-seats.
- 『日本書紀』によると644年(皇極天皇3年)に中臣氏の家業であった祭官につくことを求められたが、鎌足は固辞して摂津国三島の別邸に退いた。
- According to 'Nihonshoki', in 644 he was sought to take on the post of an official who arranges festivals and rites, which was the family business of Nakatomi clan, but he refused flatly and retired to his second residence in Mishima, Settsu Province.
- 東西の築墻はそれぞれ39間で、その両端に春華門および修明門があり、門外の東西に杖舎を設け、舎前に炬火を焼き、左右の兵衛府がこれを警固した。
- The walls are stretched 39 ken (about 70 m) both east and west, and the Shunka-mon gate and the Shumei-mon gate are placed at the ends with guardhouses on both east and west sides of the gates, and the guards of Hyoefu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards) kept guarding them using torchlight.
- また、交通・軍事の要所であったことから承和の変や保元の乱などの時には老の坂を軍勢で固めて不審者の京からの出入りを防いだ事が記録されている。
- Due to its strategic location from a transportation and military perspective, it was recorded that, in Jowa-no-hen (Jowa Incident) and in Hogen-no-ran (Hogen Disturbance), many were stationed to prevent suspicious persons from entering or exiting the capital.
- 平城上皇と薬子の一行は大和国添上郡田村まで来たところで、兵士が守りを固めていることを知り、とても勝機がないと悟ってやむなく平城京へ戻った。
- When the party of the Retired Emperor Heizei and Kusuko proceeded up to Tamura, in Soekami County, Yamato Province, they realized that their opponent's military defense was so strong, that there was no chance for them to win and they could do nothing but go back return to the Heijo-kyo.
- 多用な新種の開発にともなって同年、食糧庁検査課長による通達により「品種固有の特性をふまえ、形質全体で判断する」という内容へ規制緩和された。
- In keeping with the development of various new varieties, the regulation was loosened in 1998 through a notification by the Manager, Inspection Department of the Food Agency, to state that 'it should be determined by taking all characters into consideration based on the properties proper to the variety.'
- ただし、おぼろ昆布(薄く削ったコンブ)、おぼろ豆腐(固まりかけの豆腐)、おぼろ饅頭(皮を剥いた饅頭)のおぼろは、この意味のおぼろではない。
- However, oboro that reads in oboro kombu (shredded tangle), oboro tofu (half curdled tofu that is being produced in the making of tofu), and oboro manju (a regular round manju, bun stuffed with azuki-bean paste except that its very thin covering is peeled off after it is steamed) is not the oboro in the aforesaid meanings.
- ユガケの親指には指筒状に刳り貫かれた木、或は水牛等の角(総称して「角」と呼ばれる)が入り、控え(手首部分)には牛革が固めの為に入っている。
- Inside of yugake's thumb, there is a hollowed out thimble-like wood or horn of water buffalo (generally called 'tsuno') and so on, and there is a cowhide in the hikae (wrist part) for reinforcement.
- 新羅で唐と渤海の開戦が近いことを知った日本は参戦の決意を固め、その前に前回の遣唐使が残した留学生や留学僧を帰国させようとしたと考えられる。
- It was considered that when the Japanese government found out about the upcoming war in Silla between Tang China and Bokkai, it decided to participate in the war, but before that it managed to evacuate Japanese students and monks, who were left behind in Tang China after the previous envoys came back to Japan.
- 木津~同志社前間のホーム延伸工事完成後は行先ごとにホームが固定される可能性があるが、今のところ不明(2番のりばが一線スルーとなっている)。
- It is possible that the platform usage will be fixed in terms of direction after the completion of the platform extension work between Kizu and Doshishamae, but as of now the details aren't clear (however, Platform 2 will be used for passing through).
- 17歳であった忠昌は江戸城の勤番として城内に詰めていたが、門を通さず、非常の固めであれば、お通しし難く、老中に掛け合って頂きたいと述べた。
- Seventeen-year-old Tadamasa, staying at Edo-jo Castle on duty, did not let Yorinobu in the gate and told him 'Security is tight due to an emergency, therefore I can not let you in. Please talk with the shogun's council of elders.'
- しかしその反面、この時代に外戚政治の土台が一段と固められ、吏治にも公正さが失われる一方、天徳4年の内裏焼亡をはじめとする数々の災難があった。
- On the other hand, the political basis controlled by the Emperor's maternal family became more established during this reign and there was no fairness in politics; moreover, there were disasters such as when the Imperial Palace burned down in Tentoku 4, and so on.
- 官符によって正当な軍事動員権を獲得した受領は、国衙における軍事指揮者である追捕使・押領使・警固使に凶党捜索や犯罪捜査などの追捕活動を命じた。
- Receiving the kanpu and provided with the right to mobilize soldiers for military purposes, zuryo ordered Tsuibushi, Oryoshi, or Keigoshi, who was the leader of military affairs in the kokuga, to take the actions of searching for and capturing gangsters.
- 水引とは、贈り物の包み紙などにかける和紙でできたヒモのようなもので、 こより(細く切った紙をよったもの)に糊をひき、乾かして固めたものである
- Mizuhiki is a string used to decorate wrapped gifts and made of long twisted strips of Washi (Japanese paper) which have been hardened with glue.
- 現代の着物の着付けでは、ほとんどの場合あらかじめ腰部分を紐やコーリンベルトで縛って固定した上から帯を巻くため、帯の目的はもっぱら装飾である。
- Upon wearing contemporary kimono, the waist part is secured at first with a string or a Korin belt (elastic with plastic clips on both ends) and the obi is bound over that; so the object for wearing obi is mainly decorative.
- 帽子に固めの角が入っておらず、控えが無いものを「柔帽子」或は「和帽子」、帽子の背の部分を刳り抜いてあるものを「節抜き」と呼び、区別している。
- Boshi has no tsuno inside to be reinforced, and the one without hikae is called 'yawarakaboshi' or 'waboshi', and the one where the back of the boshi is hollowed out is called 'fushinuki' to distinguish.
- 憲房後室と信虎の婚姻、さらに三年後の朝興娘と信虎嫡子武田信玄との婚姻により、扇谷上杉氏と武田氏は姻戚関係となり同盟はより強固なものとなった。
- Marriage between Norifusa's dowager and Nobutora, and that between Tomooki's daughter and Shingen TAKEDA, Nobutora's legitimate son, three years later, promoted a matrimonial relation between the Ogigayatsu Uesugi clan and the Takeda clan, which solidified their alliance.
- 山名宗全は義忠を西軍を引き入れようとするが、将軍警固のために上洛したことを理由に花の御所(東軍が占拠している)へ入り、そのまま東軍へ属した。
- Sozen YAMANA tried to bring Yoshitada into the western camp, but Yoshitada, saying that he intended to guard the Shogun, went to Hana no gosho (residence of Shogun in Kyoto) which was seized by the eastern camp, to be a member of the eastern camp.
- 義満は、禅の師であった天龍寺の春屋妙葩(しゅんおくみょうは、1311-1388)に開山(初代住職)となることを要請したが、春屋はこれを固辞。
- Yoshimitsu requested that Tenryu-ji Temple Zen master Shunoku Myoha (1311-1388) serve as kaisan (founding priest) but Shunoku Myoha declined.
- そのため、北部九州から瀬戸内海沿岸にかけて多数の山城や連絡施設を築くとともに、最前線の大宰府には水城という防衛施設を設置して、防備を固めた。
- Because of that, the administration built a large number of yamajiro (castle in a mountain) and facilities for communication from the northern part of Kyushu to the coast of the Seto Inland Sea, and set up a defense facility called mizuki (water fortress) in the front line Dazaifu (local government office in Kyushu region) so that it could reinforce their defenses.
- 日本國政府及韓國政府ハ兩帝國ヲ結合スル利害共通ノ主義ヲ鞏固ナラシメムコトヲ欲シ韓國ノ富強ノ實ヲ認ムル時ニ至ル迄此目的ヲ以テ左ノ條款ヲ約定セリ
- The Governments of Japan and Corea, desiring to strengthen the principle of solidarity which unites the two Empires, have with that object in view agreed upon and concluded the following stipulations to serve until the moment arrives when it is recognized that Corea has attained national strength: -
- 各地域の実情に合わせて、各名田ごとに異なる税率・税目などが設定されることがあり、これは「先例」として各国司と田堵負名の間で固定化しつつあった。
- There were instances in which the different tax rate and tax items were decided for each myoden depending on the local conditions; such cases came to be accepted as 'precedents' between the kokushi and the tato fumyo (cultivator/tax manager).
- 鎌倉時代後期には、異国警固などの出費が増大しただけでなく、貨幣経済の浸透や分割相続制によって幕府を支える中小御家人の零細化・疲弊が進んでいた。
- In the late Kamakura period, middle and small classes of gokenin who supported the Shogunate not only had to increase their expenditures for military service in the Kyushu area to provide against the invasion of the Yuan Dynasty, but also became gradually insignificant and impoverished due to the penetration of the money economy and divided succession.
- もっとも、律令制以前及び初期の世習では継承者の能力についても問われたが、世襲が固定化されると能力と継承資格との関係は次第に希薄となっていった。
- And yet, before the Ritsuryo system and in early Seshu the competence of successors also mattered, but as hereditary was established, the competence became less related to qualification of the successors.
- また、免田も当初は特定の耕地を指定せず一定の地域(郡・郷・荘)の中に一定の面積が指定されるだけで、下地が固定していない浮免(うきめん)だった。
- In addition, Menden originally did not specify a certain field but was a designation of a certain surface area within a certain region (gun, go, sho) and was an Ukimen (floating concession) without a base.
- そこで「延久の荘園整理令」では従来の荘園整理令よりも強固に実行するためにそれまで地方諸国の国司達に依存していた職務を全て中央で行うようにした。
- Therefore, in the 'Enkyu-no Shoen Seiri-rei,' for a more solid execution compared to traditional Shoen Seiri-rei, all duties that depended upon the kokushi in provinces were performed centrally.
- 前者には凝固剤として硫酸カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウム等が使用され、後者はグルコノデルタラクトンが使用される。
- In the former, calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate, etc., is used as a coagulant, and in the latter glucono-delta-lactone is used as a coagulant.
- インドや中華人民共和国、台湾などでは、細い竹ひごに線香の生地を練りつけて固めた竹芯香、(竹ひご線香、中国語 竹枝香)が古くから用いられている。
- In India, People's Republic of China and Taiwan, bamboo stick Senko (竹枝香 in Chinese), which is produced by attaching wet Senko around shaved bamboo, has been used from long ago.
- 禁門の変においては、長州藩に対する朝廷の決意を固めるため、土佐藩士・乾市郎平正厚、久留米藩士・大塚敬介らと合議して意見書を朝廷に建白している。
- At the time of Kinmon no hen Incident, Tomozane met with Ichirobei-masahiro INUI, a retainer of Tosa Domain, Keisuke OTSUKA, a retainer of Kurume Domain and others submitted a written opinion to the Imperial Court in order to strengthen determination of the Imperial Court against the Choshu Clan.
- これによって大宰府は、刀伊の賊の正体と捕虜の消息を知る事が出来たのだが、渡海の禁を破って密出国した諸近は、罪人として禁固刑に処されてしまった。
- The reports enabled the officials at Dazai-fu to learn who Toi was and the whereabouts of the Japanese captives, but Morochika, who had broken the prohibition against overseas travel, was imprisoned as a criminal.
- 安政4年(1857年)、阿部正弘が死去すると堀田正睦は直ちに松平忠固を老中に再任し、幕政は溜間の意向を反映した堀田・松平の連立幕閣を形成した。
- In 1857, soon after Masahiro ABE passed away, Masayoshi HOTTA reappointed Tadakata MATSUDAIRA to the Roju, and then the shogunate shifted to the coalition cabinet of Hotta-Matsudaira, reflecting the intentions of the Tamarinoma.
- また日本研究家レオン・パジェスの著書『日本切支丹宗門史』の中で「秀頼が失敗したのは彼の頑固な迷信のためで遺憾とするに当たらない」と評している。
- It was commented in 'Histoire de la religion cherétienne au Japon depuis 1598 jusqu'à 1651' by Leon PAGÉS, who was a Japanologist, as 'The cause of Hideyori's failure was his stubborn superstition and there is no reason to feel pity for him.'
- この永倉の一連の働きがその時までの「新選組は悪の人斬り集団、悪の使者」という人々の固定観念を突き崩し、現在に続く新選組再考のきっかけとなった。
- NAGAKURA's series of works broke the stereotyped idea of considering Shinsengumi as 'a group of wicked murderers or evil envoy' and triggered a reconsideration of the Shinsengumi that is still ongoing to this day.
- 京都方面への列車が1・2番のりばに固定されている点と、5番のりばが福知山線の快速・普通列車専用となっている点以外は、発着ホームの変動が大きい。
- Trains for Kyoto always arrive at and depart from Platform 1 or 2 and Rapid and Local trains that run on the Fukuchiyama Line always arrive at and start from Platform 5; however, the platforms for other trains are not really determined.
- だが、政権基盤が固まる前に天武天皇が急逝してしまったために天武の皇后は草壁皇子が大友皇子の二の舞にならないように拙速な皇位継承を避けようとした。
- However Emperor Tenmu died suddenly before the establishing a political base, Emperor Tenmu's Empress tried to avoid the sudden solution in terms of Imperial succession, as she was concerned that Prince Kusakabe would have the same experience as Prince Otomo.
- 助太刀じゃと火事装束に身を固めた侯は馬に乗り、六尺棒をかかえた其角を連れて表に打ち出そうとするのを家臣たちにご短慮遊ばしますなと止められている。
- 候, who put fire to costumes to support them, and rode on a horse, was about to depart with Kikaku who carried Rokushaku-bo (quarterstaff), but his vassals stopped him by saying that it was a rash act.
- 給主側では、散在している免田を一箇所に集め、浮免を固定して定免田(じょうめんでん)化することで、土地と耕作権者の一体的な把握を目指すようになる。
- The Kyunushi side collected the scattered Menden in one place and fixed the Ukimen to become Jyomenden (stationary concession) and aimed for a unified control of the land and person who had the cultivation rights.
- ところが、多聞山城は強固でしかも松永軍の士気も高かったために2年にわたる睨み合いを続け、あるいは畿内の各地で衝突を続け、次第に小康状態に陥った。
- However, as Tamonyama-jo Castle was a solid fortress and the troops of Matsunaga were high in morale, the battle fell into a two-year stalemate, accompanied by minor collisions here and there in the areas surrounding the capital and followed by a gradual calming-off process.
- 豆乳の濃度、温度、にがりの量、そして適度な「寄せ」がそろうと、豆乳は水と分離することなく固まり始め、やがておぼろ状、またはプリン状の豆腐となる。
- When the concentration and temperature of the soy milk, the amount of bittern and a moderate degree of 'yose' harmonize, the soy milk starts curdling without separation from the water, whereupon it soon transforms into half-curdled or pudding-like tofu.
- この差異に関して「上方では浄瑠璃(文楽)が確固たる地位を築いていたので、落語が人情噺を受け持つ必然性が薄かったからだろう」と桂米朝は述べている。
- Beicho KATSURA said of this difference, 'Kamigata rakugo had little or no reason to tell sentimental stories which were dealt with by the puppet theater that was firmly established in Kamigata.'
- 基本的な使い方は、帯を結んだ「お太鼓結び」の背中の部分(お太鼓の垂れで作った輪の下)に通して前へ渡し、帯正面に「駒結び」などの結び方で固く結ぶ。
- The basic method of use is to pass it from the back of a puffed-out bow in the kimono sash (beneath the ring made with the lappet of the bow) toward the front, and then firmly tie a 'komamusubi' knot (a tight knot) or the like at the front.
- 父の為義は上皇方に大将として招かれ、老齢であると固辞したものの遂に承諾させられ、頼賢、為朝ら6人の子を引連れて崇徳上皇の御所白川北殿に参上した。
- Tameyoshi, Tametomo's father, was invited to serve as Taisho (general) by the Retired Emperor Sutoku, and although he initially tried to refuse, citing his advanced age, he was forced to accept the invitation and presented himself with six of his sons, including Yorikata and Tametomo, at Retired Emperor Sutoku's Shirakawakita-dono Palace.
- 永禄12年(1569年) - 義昭が三好三人衆の攻撃を受け(本國寺の変)、防衛上より堅固な二条御所(二条城)を信長が普請し、義昭をそちらに移す。
- 1569: Yoshiaki attacked by the Miyoshi Sanninshu (Miyoshi Triumvirate) (Honkoku-ji Temple Rebellion) and Nobunaga ODA constructs the more defensive Nijo Palace (Nijo-jo Castle) into which Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA moves.
- 海外より輸入される機関車のコピー生産を民間各社に発注し技術力を磨かせるとともに、技官を海外へ留学させ自主設計の学術的、技術的な地盤を固めてゆく。
- The government gave orders for copied products of imported locomotives to each private company so that they could develop their technology, sent engineering officials abroad for study, and strengthened its academic and technological foundation.
- これに基づいて省内に設置した京都帝国大学「創立準備委員」が1897年「京都帝国大学ニ関スル件」(大学設置令)を公布し、京大創設の流れが固まった。
- Accordingly, Kyoto Imperial University's 'arrangements committee of establishment,' which was located within the ministry, promulgated 'Regarding Kyoto Imperial University' (University Establishment Ordinance) in 1897, which provided the opportunity to establish Kyoto University.
- またこの年の春より施行された交通バリアフリー法基準にも適合されており、車椅子での乗降を可能とし、固定スペースを確保した仕様などを盛り込んでいる。
- They also conformed to the standard stipulated in the Barrier-Free Transportation Act, which came into force in the spring of that year, and they include various devices intended to facilitate wheelchair access and obtain the space to secure them.
- 強盗返は横から見ると床と壁が一体化したアルファベットの大文字の「L」の形をしており、床面に置かれた什器備品等の多くは底面である床に固定されている。
- The side view of gando gaeshi looks like the letter L as the the floor and wall planes are connected into one unit and many of floor fixtures and fittings are bonded to the floor plane which is the bottom of the unit.
- 一方で御家人層では、元寇後も続けられた異国警固番役の負担、元寇の恩賞や訴訟の停滞、貨幣経済の普及、所領分割などによって没落する者も増加していった。
- Contrastingly, an increasing number of those in the gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) stratum were ruined because of the burden imposed on them by ikoku-keigoban-yaku (a kind of military service imposed on the gokenin in which they had to guard areas other than those they usually guarded), which continued even after the Mongolian expeditions against Japan; delays to the provision of rewards and settlement of lawsuits following the Mongolian expeditions; the gradual emergence of a monetary economy; and the division of their territory.
- 一方でそれら守護や国人の支配権は無条件に強固になったわけではなく、被官が他の守護に寝返ったり、他の国人と一揆を結んで守護の干渉を防ぐこともあった。
- On the other hand, strengthening the ruling power of a Shugo or Kokujin was not necessarily accomplished smoothly, due to vassals often changing loyalty to other Shugo or rebelled against a Shugo in an alliance with another Kokujin.
- 『承久記』によると、敗走した京方の藤原秀康、三浦胤義、山田重忠は最後の一戦をせんと御所に駆けつけるが、上皇は門を固く閉じて彼らを追い返してしまう。
- According to the 'Jokyu ki' (Chronicle of the Jokyu Era), the routed generals of the capital faction, Hideyasu FUJIWARA, Taneyoshi MIURA, and Shigetada YAMADA, intended to fight to the last and rushed to the imperial palace to make their stand, but the retired Emperor Gotoba had ordered the gates firmly shut and turned them away.
- 江戸時代になると、応仁の乱以後の服飾習慣が固定化してしまい、公家社会でも高位の女官や大きな行事でもない限り、袿が着られることはなくなってしまった。
- By the Edo period, post Onin War customs had become fixed, and even in the court noble society, uchiki was worn only at a large event or by high-ranking court ladies.
- 純粋なコンニャクは白灰色をしているため、彩りのために細かく砕いたひじきなどの海藻を固める際に入れて黒くしたものがもっとも一般的なコンニャクである。
- Pure konnyaku, which is whitish-gray, is produced as a result, but the most typical konnyaku is another one that finely ground sea weed such as hijiki is added to pure konnyaku for the characteristic dark color before molding konnyaku.
- 時宗は政村や北条実時・安達泰盛・平頼綱らに補佐され、モンゴルの国書に対する返牒など対外問題を協議し、異国警固体制の強化や、降伏の祈祷など行わせる。
- Tokimune, advised by Masamura, Sanetoki HOJO, Yasumori ADACHI and Yoritsuna TAIRA, discussed foreign diplomacy issues such as how to reply to the official letter from the Mongolian Empire, while they strengthened their defense system against a foreign invasion, and held a prayer service for victory.
- また、「黄金の巻」第五十九帖(書記日、昭和24年昭和24年)では「金で世を治めて、金で潰して、地固めしてみろくの世と致すのぢゃ。」と語られている。
- Also in chapter 59 of volume 'Ogon' written in 1949, he says 'This world will be ruled and collapsed by money and then will pave the way to Miroku no yo (heaven on earth).'
- 時代が下ると、神使とされる動物は、その神の神話における記述や神社の縁起に基づいて固定化されるようになり、その神社の境内で飼育されるようにもなった。
- With time, animal familiars took on fixed identities in episodes of mythology of relevant gods or in shrine lore, and it became customary to feed those animals in the shrine's precincts.
- 土師器までの土器が日本列島固有の特徴(紐状の粘土を積み上げる)を色濃く残しているのに対し、須恵器は全く異なる技術(ろくろ技術)を用いて製作された。
- Whereas the ancient pottery including Haji pottery was made with clear characteristics of stacking up ring-shaped clays which was unique to Japanese archipelago, Sueki was made using the potter's wheel which was a completely different technique.
- 「徴兵告諭」の一節:「人たるもの固(もと)より心力を尽し国に報ひざるべからず。西人(西洋人)之を称して血税と云ふ。其生血を以て国に報するの謂なり」
- One passage of 'Proclamation of Conscription': 'A man should devote himself to the nation mentally and physically. The Westerners call it blood tax. This means a man should devote himself to his country with his own blood.'
- 彼らは京都において、長州藩藩士桂小五郎、久坂玄瑞、その他京都に集う志士達と交流を重ねるうちに尊皇攘夷の志をますます堅固なものとして行ったのである。
- In Kyoto, they came to have a firmer conviction of Sonno Joi as they exchanged opinions with other patriots such as feudal retainer of Choshu Domain Kogoro KATSURA and Genzui KUSAKA.
- 蝋燭立ては筐体内で倒れないように常に自立可能なジャイロスコープと同様の仕組みをもつ自在に回転する留め金で固定されており、光が単一方向にのみ照射する。
- The candle holder does not fall in the chassis as it is fixed to one of two freely rotatable rings perpendicular to each other, which is a mechanism similar to that of a gyroscope which can always keep the direction of the axis of spin unchanged, so that the light comes out only in a single direction.
- 当時は摂関家が政治の上層を独占する摂関政治が展開し、中流・下流貴族は特定の官職を世襲してそれ以上の昇進が望めない、といった家職の固定化が進んでいた。
- At that time, the regency government that Sekkan-ke (the families which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor) monopolized the highest level of political power was developed and the forming social standing and fixing family business and trade were undergoing so the nobility in the middle lower class only inherited a specific government post and could not ask any more promotion.
- 敵の侵攻を妨ぐために、川など地形を巧みに利用するとともに、堀を掘り、土塁や石垣を築き、要所には時として桝形門のような強固な城門を設けることもあった。
- To prevent the invasion of enemies, they cleverly used geographical features such as rivers and dug moats, built dirt mounds and rock walls and in important places, there were strong castle gates such as Masugata-mon style gate.
- 大陸中国では石膏(硫酸カルシウム)を粉末とし水に溶いたものを凝固剤とするが、古来の日本の伝統的な製法では製塩の過程で生じるにがりが主に使われていた。
- In mainland China, gypsum (calcium sulfate) powered and dissolved in the water is used as a coagulant; however, in the Japanese traditional process used since ancient times, bittern resulting from the process of salt production was mainly used.
- 実はそれまでの本草学は中華人民共和国から伝わった李時珍の著書『本草綱目』を元に作られたもので日本固有の動植物、鉱物などに適した形をもっていなかった。
- The problem was that until then herbalism in Japan had been based on a book called 'Compendium of Materia Medica' written by Shizhen LI, which was introduced from China, and the theory was inapplicable to some animals, plants and minerals indigenous to Japan.
- 慶長4年(1599年)閏3月、岐阜の家臣瀧川主膳に対し、石田三成の年寄職引退、佐和山城蟄居を受けて稲葉山、町口の防備を固めるよう書面で指示している。
- In intercalary April 1599, he gave a written instruction to Shuzen TAKIGAWA, his vassal in Gifu to build up the defenses in Inabayama and Machiguchi due to Mitsunari ISHIDA's resignation from the position of Toshiyori (Chief Senior Councilor) and house arrest in Sawayama-jo Castle.
- 第三条 この法律において「境内建物」とは、第1号に掲げるような宗教法人の前条に規定する目的のために必要な当該宗教法人に固有の建物及び工作物をいう。
- Article 3:This law defines 'keidai kenbutsu' as fixed buildings and structures belonging to a religious corporation as described in item 1 that are necessary for said religious corporation to conduct activities as stipulated in the previous article.
- 我輩は千里遠隔の隣国に居り、固より其国事に縁なき者なれども、此事情を聞いて唯悲哀に堪えず、今この文を草するにも涙落ちて原稿紙を潤おすを覚えざるなり。
- Although I am living in a neighboring country, far-away from theirs and I am only an individual with no link to their politics, I feel very sorry to hear this; while writing this sentence, tears come to my eyes and wet the paper.
- 大きくわけて木彫と乾漆(型にうるしを塗り固め素地をつくったもの)があり、木彫は飛鳥時代のものがおおむねクスノキ、奈良時代がキリをつかって作られている。
- Broadly-speaking, there are various types of wood carving and dry lacquer (technique involving laying lacquer onto a mold and drying it to make the base), while the wood-carved masks in the Asuka period were basically made from camphor, and the ones in the Nara period from paulownia.
- 炊けた状態は蟹の穴と呼ばれる孔が表面に見えるか、箸を挿してもち米が付着しなければ良いとされるが、米の芯が残っていない赤飯程度の固さに炊けていれば良い。
- It is said that, when the rice is completely steamed, the preferred state of the rice is that holes called crab holes are observed on the surface of the rice or, when a chopstick is inserted into the rice, no rice sticks to the chopstick, however, after the rice is steamed, there is no problem when the rice has no hard core and the rice is steamed to have the hardness which is almost equal to that of festive red rice.
- また、娘を探幽の養子であり、探幽に実子が生まれてからは疎んじられた狩野益信や甥の狩野常信に嫁がせ、探幽に対抗しつつ狩野家の結束を固める策をとっている。
- Additionally, he married off his daughters to Masunobu KANO, Tanyu's adopted son who was alienated from him after Tanyu had a biological child, and Tsunenobu KANO, Tanyu's nephew, thus trying to unite the Kano family while competing against Tanyu.
- この時から、作家として生きていくことを熱望し始め、その後「倫敦塔 (小説)」「坊つちやん」と立て続けに作品を発表し、人気作家としての地位を固めていく。
- From this period, he desired to live as a professional writer and successively published works including 'Rondonto' and 'Bocchan' and built up a presence as a popular novelist.
- 特に長英は投獄後に脱獄し、逃亡の果てに捕り方によって殺害され、三英は逮捕をおそれて自殺、崋山は禁固(蟄居)後に自ら切腹するという悲劇的な最期を遂げる。
- Especially, Choei broke out of prison after he was imprisoned and then was killed after escaping by the capturers, Sanei committed suicide for fear of being arrested, and Kazan met his tragic end by committing suicide by disembowelment after he was sentenced to imprisonment (being confined to his house).
- その後、東宮大夫から玉音放送についての説明を受けるとすぐに悲しみから立ち直り、敗戦からの復興と国家の再建を率いる皇太子、将来の天皇としての決意を固めた。
- Soon after the Togu-daifu's detailed explanation of the Emperor's announcement, he got over the grief, making a resolve to be the Crown Prince and the future Emperor undertaking the tasks aimed at Japan's revival from the defeat and nation's restoration.
- 非公式に発足した関東軍事政権(後の鎌倉幕府)にとって、これらの訴訟を迅速・円滑に処理していくことが、確固たる政権として認められる条件の一つとなっていた。
- The smooth and swift handling of lawsuits was one of the requirements for the unofficially established military government (later Kamakura bakufu) to be recognized as a stable government.
- その時代には、「一揆は強者たる武士からの抑圧に対する、弱者たる民衆の決死の反抗であり、平等意識のもとで強固な団結力を持っていた」とみなす一揆観があった。
- A view of ikki in that period asserts that ikki was a do-or-die rebellion among the commoners, or the weak, against suppression by samurai warriors (the strong), and the ikki had strong solidarity under the consciousness of equality.
- 12世紀に実務官僚の家が勧修寺流・日野家・高棟流平氏に固定化したことに伴い、三事兼帯も自然とこの三家に限定された(例外は信西の子、藤原俊憲・貞憲のみ)。
- After the families of officials in charge of practical business became restricted to Kajuji-ryu (the Kanjuji line), the Hino family and Takamune-ryu Heishi (Taira clan of Takamune group) in the twelfth century, persons who became Sanji kentai holder also came to be limited to those who were the members of these three families (exceptions were FUJIWARA no Toshinori/Sadanori, sons of Shinzei).
- これにより織田政権内での主導権を掌握した秀吉は清洲会議や賤ヶ岳の戦いを経て信長の後継者として地位を固め、天正11年1583年には大坂城の築城を開始する。
- Consequently, Hideyoshi seized leadership within the Oda government and strengthened his position as Nobunaga's successor through the Kiyosu Meeting and the Battle of Shizugatake; then, in 1583, he started the construction of Osaka-jo Castle.
- 実際に香りにこだわる場合は、削った物よりも節を購入するのだが、近年では既に削られた密封パック製品が増え、そもそも固形状態の鰹節を見たことが無い者も多い。
- When one is really particular about the savory quality of katsuobushi, he or she will purchase a large chunk of katsuobushi instead of shaved pieces, but nowadays the katsuobushi shaved beforehand and wrapped in a small, airtight bag is so popular that many people have never seen the solid katsuobushi.
- そして、「日本古来から伝統的に伝わる固有の精神」「万邦無比の優れた日本の精神性」「日本国家のために尽くす清い心」といった誤用がむしろ主流となっていった。
- The misuse of the term to mean 'the unique spirit traditionally going back to Japanese ancient times,' 'superior Japanese spirituality unequaled in any other country,' and 'a pure mind to render good service to the Japanese nation' became rather mainstream
- 累進歩合制給与とは、売上高に応じて累進的に給与が加算される能力給制給与の一種であるが、ベースとなる固定給が極めて低いのがタクシー業界の一般的特徴である。
- The graduated commission system is a type of pay-for-performance wage system in which salary is progressively increased according to sales, but the base fixed wage is very low in general characteristics of taxi companies.
- (どれだけ城を堅固にしても、人の心が離れてしまったら世を治めることはできない。情けは人をつなぎとめ、結果として国を栄えさせるが、仇を増やせば国は滅びる)
- (Even if a castle is securely defended, it would be impossible to keep governing the country when people lose their patriotism for the country. A merciful act enables to keep people's minds on your side, resulting in the country to proper, while more revenge will cause the country to be destroyed.)
- 幕府軍が都へ乱入する中で、重忠は藤原秀康、三浦胤義らと最後の一戦をすべく御所へ駆けつけるが、御所の門は固く閉じられ、上皇は彼らを文字どおり門前払いした。
- When the army of bakufu invaded in Kyoto, Shigetada hurried to the Imperial Palace along with FUJIWARA no Hideyasu and Taneyoshi MIURA and others for the last battle, but the gate of the Imperial Palace was firmly closed and the Retired Emperor Gotoba literally turned them away at the door.
- しかしこのとき旧豊津藩士族は決起しない方針を固め、杉生らは監禁されており、談判中、豊津側の連絡を受けて到着した乃木希典率いる北九州市鎮台が秋月党を攻撃。
- However, as the warrior class of the former Toyotsu Domain decided not to rally at that time and Sugio and others were incarcerated, the Kitakyushu City Chindai Army, led by Maresuke NOGI, who had arrived on receiving the correspondence from the Toyotsu side, attacked the Akizuki-to party during the negotiation.
- 道長は翻意するよう(形式的に)説得するが敦明親王の意思は固く、結果として後一条天皇の皇太弟である敦良親王(のちの後朱雀天皇)が新たに東宮として立てられる。
- Although Michinaga persuaded Imperial Prince Atsuakira to change his mind (in form), his intention was resolute, and as a result, Imperial Prince Atsunaga (later Emperor Gosuzaku), younger brother of Emperor Goichijo, was named as the new Crown Prince.
- 雑役免型荘園は、雑役免田を集積したもので散在的であり、一定の地域(郡・郷・荘)に一定の面積が指定されるだけで下地の固定されていない浮免(うきめん)だった。
- The shoen manors exempted from the miscellaneous labor tax accumulated zatsueki menden and were scattered and just a given area was appointed in a certain region (gun, go, sho) without shitaji (land) fixed and were exempt from taxation.
- そのために剪定を施したり、自然の景観に似せるために枝を針金で固定し時に屈曲させあるいは岩石の上に根を這わせたりと様々な技巧を競うのも楽しみの一つとされる。
- Therefore the branches are pruned and fixed with wire to imitate the aesthetic of nature and sometimes the roots are bent or made to creep over rocks and taking up the challenge of using a variety of techniques is part of the fun.
- (『信長公記』では「関東八州の御警固」「東国の儀御取次」、『伊達治家記録』では「東国奉行」、『甫庵信長記』と『武家事記』では「関東管領」と呼称されている。
- (In 'Shinchoko-ki' (Biography of Nobunaga ODA), the post was called 'Kanto-hasshu no gokeigo' (post guarding eight provinces in the Kanto region), or 'Togoku-no-gi otoritsugi' (agency post concerning matters related to the eastern part of Japan, particular Kanto region), in 'Date jika kiroku' (historical record of the Sendai clan), the post was called 'Togoku bugyo' (magistrate in the eastern part of Japan), and in 'Hoan Nobunaga-ki'(Biography of Nobunaga ODA written by Hoan OZE) and 'Buke-jiki' (record about samurai family), the post was called 'Kanto Kanrei.'
- 経宗は以後、院御所議定に精力的に出席して後白河上皇の諮問に答え、政務に不慣れな平氏一門に助言を与えることで、双方から確固たる信頼を獲得することに成功する。
- Since then, Tsunemune actively attended the conference in the In no Gosho (retired emperor's palace) and acquired trust from the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa and the Taira clan by providing advice and suggestions to the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa's inquiries and offering advice to the Taira clan which was not accustomed to political affairs of state.
- またその奇人・奇行ぶりは、三高での教え子だった青山光二の、『われらが風狂の師』に、土岐数馬として、しかし、家族の名前以外の固有名はそのままに描かれている。
- His unconventional character an eccentricities were described in 'Warera ga fukyo no shi' (Our Wacky Teacher), by Koji AOYAMA, one of Doi's former students at the Third High School; in it, Doi was described under the pseudonym 'Kazuma TOKI,' but all other proper names used, except for the names of his family members, were real names.
- 父である源頼朝は自分の娘を後鳥羽天皇(当時)の妃にしようとするなど幕府を固めるために朝廷の利用を考えていた面があり、上皇との接近はその継承とも解釈できる。
- His father MINAMOTO no Yoritomo tried to make his daughter an empress of Emperor Gotoba (at that time) to reinforce the government by making use of the Imperial Court, and Sanetomo may have succeeded in his approach to the Retired Emperor.
- 将軍が諸大名に対して強大な権力を誇示したように、藩内においては藩主自らを頂点とした体制を固めさせられることになったのである(「藩体制の成立」と呼ばれる)。
- Just as the Shogun had enourmous authority over the territorial lords, the lords of the domains were required to establish the system with themselves ruling at the top (called 'the establishment of the Domain System').
- ただし、内裏の火事などの緊急時のみ文武官でも柏挟(かしわばさみ)と称して檜扇を裂いた白木の木片などで纓を固定する(こちらは外巻きとも畳み込むだけとも言う)。
- However, in case of emergency such as a fire at the Imperial Palace, both military officers and civil officers fixed ei with a piece of plain wood which was made by tearing off a fan of cypress, and they called this kashiwabasami (it is said they rolled up ei outward or they just folded the ei).
- また、アメリカやヨーロッパでは、尾の短い日本猫を原種としてアメリカで改良・固定されたジャパニーズボブテイルという品種が、愛猫家の間で密かな流行を呼んでいる。
- And in America and Europe, a breed of the Japanese bob-tailed cat which was improved and established in America as a pure strain from the bob-tailed Japanese cat is gaining quiet popularity among cat lovers.
- 11世紀40年代ごろから太政官によって制定され始めた公田官物率法は、一国内の税率を固定化する内容を持っており国司に付与された租税収取権に大きな制限を加えた。
- Koden kanmotsu rippo, which was established by Dajokan around 1140, restricted kokushi's right to collect tax since it included the provision which fixed the tax rate in a province.
- 実際、幕府が国内沿岸を運行する唐船の警固を西国の御家人に命じた例がいくつか見られるものの、外洋に出た後の航海は護衛せず、基本的には商人たちに放任されていた。
- Although there were, in fact, several cases where the bakufu ordered Saigoku-gokenin to guard Tosen running along domestic coasts, the government did not guard the ships after they ran out into the open sea and basically left the guard to the merchants..
- 弓は木(イヌガヤ科)から削り出した単一素材で、補強の為に樹皮や麻を巻き締め漆で固めた弓も屢々見られる(考古学的にはこの時代の弓も「丸木弓」と呼称している)。
- The bow was carved out from a single wood (Cephalotaxaceae) and we can often see the bow that was bound with wood barks or hemp and fixed with lacquer for itsreinforcement (the bow of this period is referred to in archeology as 'Marukiyumi' (bow made from a small sapling or tree limb (often catalpa wood) and had a centered grip)).
- この豆乳が冷えないうちに凝固剤としてにがりを適度に加え、櫂と呼ばれる木の板で撹拌する(にがりを打った以降の一連の作業を寄せと呼び、職人の技の見せ所である)。
- A moderate amount of bittern is added to the warm soy milk as a coagulant, and it's stirred with a wooden board called a kai (paddle) (the series of task after the addition of bittern is called 'yose,' and it's a high point where the workman shows his technique).
- 古くは主にコムギを穀粉にして平たく固めてから加熱した粉食のことを指していたが、大麦、アワ、トウモロコシなど他の食材を用いた粉食のことをも含めるようになった。
- In ancient times, neri-mochi referred to powdered food which is produced by processing wheat into farina, spreading it into a flat sheet, hardening it, and heating it, however, later on, neri-mochi referred to such kinds of powder food as those made from other food materials such as barley, millet, corn, etc.
- また、草履に似た形状で布や藁を素材とし、後部に足首に固定するための結び紐を付けた履物は草鞋(わらじ)と呼び、古くは労働などの日常作業用の履物として普及した。
- Also, footwear similar to zori and made of cloth or straw, with a strap on the heel to fix it to the ankle was called waraji, and was commonly worn in day to day work.
- 頼朝はかつて後白河天皇の死去の直前、院近臣の通親や丹後局が勝手に国衙領を院の荘園として分捕ろうとした莫大な荘園を、兼実とともに断固たる処置で国衙領に戻した。
- Michichika and Tango no tsubone, who were In no Kinshin (the retired Emperor's courtiers), tried to deprive kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) without permission to be used for the retired Emperor's shoen (manor in medieval Japan) just before the death of Emperor Goshirakawa; however, Yoritomo took back the vast shoen with stern measures together with Kanezane and returned it to kokugaryo.
- その他に利家自身が傾奇者であったと事や、傾きの風潮を好んでいたという史実も無視されて、むしろ傾奇者の慶次に対し、無理解で頑固な利家という風に描写されている。
- Furthermore, the historical fact that Toshiie himself was a kabukimono and preferred the tendency of kabuki is ignored, or rather Toshiie is described as if he were a stubborn man who was unsympathetic toward kabukimono Keiji.
- 明治十四年の政変によって、自由民権運動に好意的と見られてきた大隈をはじめとする政府内の急進派が一掃され、政府は伊藤博文を中心とする体制を固める事に成功した。
- The 1881 Political Crisis drove off the radicals, which supported the freedom and popular rights movement, including Okuma, and helped the government establish a firm regime that had Hirobumi ITO as the central figure.
- カレーソースを指して「カレールウ」「ルウ」と呼ぶ人もいるが、正確な表現ではなく、本来のルウ(小麦粉を油で炒めたもの)や固形の即席カレールウとの区別もしにくい。
- Although some people call a curry sauce 'curry roux' or 'roux,' these are not correct names and this makes it difficult to differentiate the sauce from roux in a real sense (fried flour) and solid instant curry roux as well.
- 日本酒のもろみ(醪)については酒税法第3条14項に定義されており、もろみから液体である酒を搾り出して残った固形物が酒粕となり、漬物・甘酒・酢の原料に使われる。
- Concerning the moromi of Japanese sake, as defined in the fourteenth section in the third article of the Liquor Tax Act, the softly solidified product which remains after wringing the liquid sake out of the moromi is regarded as 'sakekasu' (sake lees) and is used for the material for 'tsukemono' (Japanese pickled vegetables), 'amazake' (sweet mild sale) and vinegar.
- 医者として名声を極めた人物であり、正治元年(1199年)に源頼朝の次女・三幡が病に倒れると、鎌倉幕府より治療のために鎌倉に下向するように求められるが固辞した。
- He achieved the very zenith of his fame as a doctor, and firmly refused to travel down to Kamakura when requested by the Kamakura bakufu to treat Sanman, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo's second daughter, who became ill in 1199.
- 1868年(明治元年)に祖父の業をついで商売をはじめ、やがて大阪だけではなく近畿一円にわたる広汎なる地域にまで肥料を販売するようになり、強固なる地盤を築いた。
- In 1868, he succeeded his grandfather's business and broadened the market of his manure sales from Osaka to the whole Kinki region, so that he could establish the solid footing.
- 基本的な規定として「白い小袖に朱の切袴(くるぶしまでの短い袴)、単衣の上に規定に従った袿を着用し、外出の際は腰でたくし上げて帯で固定し着用する」という物である。
- The basic regulation was 'to wear white kosode and vermilion kiri-bakama (short ankle-length hakama) and hitoe under regulation uchiki, which is to be rolled to the waist and tucked into the obi when going out'.
- 当初はその該当地は定まっていない浮免(うきめん)と呼ばれる存在であったが、後に一定の区画が雑役免田として固定化される定免(じょうめん)と呼ばれる仕組が成立した。
- Though the object lands were not fixed initially and called 'Ukimen,' the system called Jomen under which some land was fixed as Zoyakumenden established later.
- 醤油のもろみ(諸味)から液体を絞り出す前の固形物は、「しょうゆの実」と称され、山形県、新潟県、長野県、熊本県、等では、そのまま食べたり調味料代わりに使用される。
- The solidified product before wringing the liquid out of the moromi (諸味) of soy sauce is called 'the fruit of soy sauce,' and in Yamagata prefecture, Nigata prefecture, Nagano prefecture, Kumamoto prefecture and so on, it is eaten directly or used as a condiment.
- 戦前までは、このにがりを凝固剤に使用するのが主流であったが(一部では硫酸カルシウム(すましこ)も使われていた)、やがて統制品に指定されたため入手が困難となった。
- Although it was a mainstream practice to use this bittern as a coagulant before the war (calcium sulfate (sumashiko) was used by some makers), it soon became difficult to obtain the bittern because it was designated as controlled goods.
- この佐久川が沖縄本島に持ち帰った中国武術に、以前からあった沖縄固有の武術「手(ティー)」が融合してできたものが、今日の空手の源流である唐手であったと考えられる。
- It is considered that toudee, the root of today's karate, was the amalgamation of Chinese martial arts, which Sakukawa brought back to Okinawa's main island, into the traditional Okinawan martial art 'tee.'
- マヨネーズに、みじん切りにしたタマネギ、キュウリのピクルス、ケッパー、パセリ、チャイブなどの野菜、同じくみじん切りした固ゆで卵などを混ぜ込んだ白い濃厚なソース。
- It is a thick white sauce, in which finely chopped vegetables such as onions, pickled cucumber, capers, parsley and chive, and also finely chopped hard-boiled eggs are blended into mayonnaise.
- この性質に着目して、着火した蚊取り線香をガラス繊維の網で両端から挟み込み固定することで、傾斜や振動に対応し、蚊取り線香を容易に持ち運び可能にしたものも存在する。
- To take advantage of this property, a portable kayariki that can be used on a slope or in a place with vibrations is available; clipping an ignited repellent stick by glass fiber nets on both sides.
- 壬申の乱を起こした天武天皇は、挙兵の決断と同時に吉野宮から東に逃れ、美濃国と伊勢国を固めてから、東山(東山道)と東海(東海道)に兵力動員を命じる使者を派遣した。
- At the same time of raising the army (at the beginning of the Jinshin War), Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war) who set off the Jinshin War left Yoshino no Miya (Yoshino Palace) to the east and first controlled Mino Province and Ise Province, then he sent messengers to gather soldiers in Yamanomichi (Tosan-do Road) and in Umitsuji (Tokai-do Road).
- その結果、葛飾郡東部一帯を支配下に置き、天文_(元号)17年(1548年)に中山法華経寺に対しても「守護不入」の証文を発給するなど地元領主としての基盤を固めた。
- As a result, he had the eastern part of the Katsushika district under his control, and in 1548, he issued a deed to 'prohibit Shugo (governors) to enter (his) territory' to Nakayama Hokekyo-ji Temple to strengthen his foundation as the local feudal lord.
- 父・輝宗は41歳の働き盛りでもあり、政宗は当初、年少を理由に辞退を申し出たが、政宗の武将としての素質を見抜いていた輝宗の決意は固く、家督を相続することとなった。
- At that time, his father Terumune was 41 years old and still in his prime, thus Masamune first declined to succeed family headship insisting on his immaturity; however, the determination of Terumune was strong as he saw through the talent of Masamune as a military commander; eventually Masamune accepted the succession of family headship.
- 勝敗の機を見極め一戦を遂げれば、信長にとっても佐久間親子にとっても本意なことであったのに、一方的な思慮で持久戦に固辞し続けたことは分別もなく浅はかなことである。
- Fighting a battle after finding an opportunity to win would have been the intention of both Nobunaga's and the Sakuma's, but continuing to adhere to any protracted battle based on your own arbitrary ideas was frivolous and in poor judgment.
- 日本書紀の神産みの第六の一書では、、伊弉諾尊が軻遇突智を斬ったとき、十束剣から滴る血が固まって天の安河のほとりの岩群となり、これが経津主神の祖であるとしている。
- The sixth addendum to the chapter on the birth of the gods in the 'Nihon Shoki' states that when Izanagi cut up Kagutsuchi (the deity of fire), the drops of blood from his sword, Totsuka no Tsurugi, congealed to form the rocks by the Ame no Yasu-kawa River from which Futsunushi no kami was produced.
- 考古学上の成果によると、一般的な城柵は小高い丘上に官衙が設置され、その周辺に鎮兵の住居を配置し、周囲を土塁、材木列塀などを巡らし、望楼を設けて防御を固めている。
- According to archaeological findings, a general josaku was consisted of an office mounted on an elevated hill, around which the residents of soldiers were located, with earthen walls and fences made of lumber around them, as wells as watchtowers to reinforce defenses.
- 1月15日が成人の日として固定されていた時代、1983年・1984年には大学共通一次試験、及び1994年・1995年は大学入試センター試験がそれぞれ行われていた。
- During the period when Coming-of-Age Day was fixed on 15 January, the preliminary standard university entrance examinations in 1983 and 1984 and the University Testing Center Examination in 1994 and 1995 were carried out on this holiday.
- 製品に乳固形分を3%以上を含むものは『乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令』に基づき「乳飲料」となる(『カフェ・オ・レ』『カフェ・ラッテ』『コーヒー牛乳』など)。
- Any product containing three percent or more of milk solids is to be categorized as 'milk beverages' according to 'Ordinance regarding standard of element, etc. of milk and dairy products' ('Café au lait' 'Caffè Latte' 'Coffee milk' and so on).
- 後継者の宗盛は院政再開を認めて後白河に恭順する姿勢を見せる一方で、平氏の存立基盤である軍事・警察権は断固として手放さず、後白河の宥和策を退けて東国追討を続行した。
- Kiyomori's successor, Munemori, showed his stance to obey Goshirakawa by agreeing to reopening of the cloister government, but, on the other hand, he did not give up definite military and police authority, which was the basis of existence of the Taira clan, and continued subjugation of the eastern Provinces, refusing Goshirakawa's appeasement policy.
- その「兵の家」が定着していくのは、ちょうど藤原道長の時代からであり、「武」に限らず、貴族社会全般に「家格」と「家業」が固定化の方向へ向かう流れの中での出来事である。
- The time when that 'house of tsuwamono' concept began to settle in society was from the period of FUJIWARA no Michinaga, and 'family blood' and 'family business' started to be fixed in among all aristocratic without being limited by 'mu.'
- また、戦国時代 (日本)以降、素材に漆塗りの網代団扇や漆塗りの皮、あるいは板や薄い鉄板などを用い堅固につくられた軍配団扇(略称:軍配)が武家の戦いの中で使用された。
- Moreover, Ajiro Uchiwa fan, which was made by painting urushi Japanese lacquer on materials, and the military leader's Uchiwa fan (called Gunbai in Japanese in short), which had a firm structure by adopting various materials such as lacquered skin, board and thin iron plate, had been used in samurai's war since the Sengoku period
- 元和 (日本)2年(1616年)に家康が死去したのちは、将軍親政を開始し酒井忠世、土井利勝らを老中として幕府の中枢を自身の側近で固め、自らリーダーシップを発揮する。
- After Ieyasu died in 1616, Hidetada started the direct Shogun's rule filling the key Bakufu positions with his own close aides including Tadayo SAKAI and Toshikatsu DOI appointed as Roju (senior councilor of the Tokugawa Shogunate) and displayed his own leadership.
- 幕藩体制維持のため各藩の拠点は一箇所の城下町に固定化され、更に領外への経済圏の自由な拡大が制約されたため、全国的な拠点とされた三都との間に格差が生じたと考えられる。
- Such a difference between the three major cities positioned as national centers and the rest of the cities is believed to have been deliberately brought about by the bakufu's policy to secure the shogunate system, by concentrating the center of each domain into a single castle town, and by restricting the free economic expansion of the city beyond the sphere of the domain.
- 平安時代末期ごろから貴族社会において公卿に昇る家柄が限定されるようになり、藤原北家による摂家の確立に伴って家格が固定化し、鎌倉時代前期ごろまでに公家社会が形成された。
- In the aristocratic society family lineage which allowed one to ascend to Kugyo (the top court officials) began to be limited since the late Heian period, and as kakaku (family status) was fixed when Sekke (line of regents and advisers) was established by the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, a hierarchical kuge society was formed by the early Kamakura period.
- 他の舞事・働事とちがって、固定した型があるのではなく、曲ごとに異なった型がついており、事実上、働事の分類のうえでほかの項目に入らないものをまとめて立廻りといっている。
- Unlike other mai-goto and hataraki-goto, there is no fixed pattern of movement but each music has its different movement and, virtually, for classification of hataraki-goto, those that do not fall other categories are gathered together and called collectively tachimawari.
- 役割分担は固定的ではない漫才師には、中田ダイマル・ラケット、横山やすし・西川きよし、中田カウス・ボタン、オール阪神・巨人、トミーズ、おかけんた・ゆうたなどが該当する。
- Examples of manzai duos where roles of boke and tsukkomi are not fixed include Daimaru and Raketto NAKATA, Yasushi YOKOYAMA and Kiyoshi NISHIKAWA, Kausu and Botan NAKATA, All Hanshin and Kyojin, Tomiizu, and Kenta and Yuta OKA.
- 缶に「ミルク入り」などと表示する場合は、乳脂肪分3%以上、無脂乳固形分8%以上の成分を有する乳製品がコーヒー飲料の内容重量に対し5%以上使用されていなければならない。
- A label showing 'Milk-containing' and so on cannot be put on cans unless a coffee beverage contains five percent or more by weight of a dairy product containing three percent or more of milk fat and eight percent or more of nonfat milk solids.
- 刺し子で作られた小手布団(腕を保護)と、シカ皮革または合成皮革などで作られた小手頭(拳部分を保護)とを主部とし、その両者を筒と呼ばれる強固な部分でつないだ構造を持つ。
- It has a structure that consists of a main part of a kotebuton (an arm cover of glove for kendo swordmanship) made of sashiko and a kotegashira (a fist cover of glove for kendo swordsmanship) made of moccasin or artificial leather and a strong connecting portion called Tsutsu (a wrist cover of glove used for kendo swordsmanship).
- 明治14年(1881年)に開拓使の廃止方針が固まると、黒田は開拓使の官営事業の継続のため、官吏を退職させて企業を起こし、これに官営事業の設備を払い下げる計画を立てた。
- In 1881, the abolishment of the Hokkaido Development Commission was decided, and Kuroda, in order to continue the commission's project, planned to make its officials resign, set up a business with them, and sell the commission's properties to the business.
- 父貞固の代になり天明2年10月24日 (旧暦)(1782年11月28日)津山藩主越前松平家の「御医師並」に召し出されて十人扶持をもって町医者から藩医に取り立てられた。
- In November 28, 1728, Genpo's father, Teiko, was promoted to 'Oishinami' (domain doctor) of the Echizen Matsudaira family, the lord of the Tsuyama Domain, with a salary of Junin fuchi (the equivalent of an annual ten-man rice stipend) from a town doctor.
- しかし、同氏は元来開明的だった事もあり、唐や百済等当時の国際状況に対応する為だったとの意見、また、古人大兄皇子への皇位継承の準備固めの意味合いだったという意見もある。
- Some people believe that he was by nature open to adopting new ideas and practices, and that his actions were taken in response to the international circumstance of that time (i.e. during the Tang Dynasty in China and the Paekche Dynasty in Korea); others, however, believe that he was preparing the way for the succession to the Imperial Throne of Prince Furuhito no Oe no Miko.
- 大仏様の特色は、貫 (建築)と呼ばれる、柱を貫通する水平材を多用して構造を堅固にしていること、天井を張らずに構造材をそのまま見せて装飾としていることなどが挙げられる。
- The characteristics of the Daubitsu-yo style are, for example, the use of many horizontal braces through vertical posts called Nuki to make the structure solid, and showing of construction material as decoration without covering with a ceiling, etc.
- 勝頼は、近い将来攻め込んでくるであろう織田・徳川連合軍への備えのため、躑躅ヶ崎館より強固な韮崎の地に新府城を築城して防備を固めるとともに、武田軍団の再編成を目指した。
- To prepare for the Oda and Tokugawa allied forces that would carry out an attack in the near future, Katsuyori built Shinpujo-Castle in Nirasaki which was stronger than Tsutsujigasaki-yakata (Tsutsujigasaki Mansion) for the purpose of solidifying the defense and reorganizing Takeda's army.
- すでにこの頃には『古道大意』『漢学大意』『医道大意』『俗神道大意』『仏道大意』『歌道大意』などの講本を多く執筆し、平田学の思想の根幹は堅固で揺ぎ無いものとなっていた。
- By that time, Atsutane already had written many texts such as 'Kodo Taii' (Lectures of Atsutane HIRATA), 'Kangaku Taii' (The Meaning of Chinese Classics), 'Ido Taii' (Synopsis of Medicine), 'Zokushinto Taii' (The Outline of Vulgar Shinto), 'Butsudo Taii' (The General Idea of Buddhist Way) and 'Kado Taii' (The Essentials of Poetry), and basic thought of Hirata school had became strong and solid.
- その一方、基本的に日本人を「倭人」として見下しながらも古く室町には平仮名、片仮名と言った固有文字の存在に、江戸時代には京都、大阪、江戸といった都市の絢爛豪華さに驚いた。
- On the other hand, while fundamentally disparaging Japanese as 'Wajin' (an older name for Japanese), Koreans were astonished in the Muromochi period by the existence of Japan-original characters of Hiragana and Katakana and by the splendor of cities, such as Kyoto, Osaka and Edo, in the Edo period.
- 小さな砂粒が大きな石になる例には、細石やストロマトライトなどが知られており、またチャート(SiO2)や石灰質岩により他の岩石破砕物を固結する例もよく見られることである。
- Examples of small grains of sand becoming a large stone, consisting of pebbles and stromatolite are well-known and it is often seen that homstone (SiO2) and calcareous rock consolidates broken pieces of other rocks.
- 弓騎兵は『カルラエの戦い(紀元前53年)』、『ワールシュタットの戦い(13世紀)』で中心的役割を果たし、両戦とも敵兵が弓騎兵に対して直接戦闘に固執した為に勝利を収めた。
- The archery cavalry played an important role in the Battle of Karurae of 53 B.C. and the Battle of Warushutatto (the 13th century), since as the enemies in both battles tried to fight directly with the archery cavalry, they were able to win.
- 代表的なものとしては落雁と似た製法による打ちもの、半球状に押し固めた二つ一組を和紙に包んでひねり羽根つきの羽根に似せたもの、懐紙に包んで懐に入れて持ち歩けるものがある。
- Typical examples of Wasanbon sweet cakes include the following: one called 'Uchimono,' which is made with a similar recipe to that of Rakugan (a hard, dainty sweet made of soybeans and rice flour mixed with sugar); one made by wrapping a pair of hemispherical Wasanbon sweet cakes in Japanese paper and giving it a twist so that it looks like a shuttlecock used in a Japanese game called Hanetsuki (similar to battledore and shuttlecock); and one that can be carried around in your pocket once it has been wrapped in pocket paper.
- 柔帽子、堅帽子の別なく見られる造りの一種で、堅帽子では手首の固めが無い事から親指の動きが比較的自由になる為、“弓道射法八節”に於いて弦の運行を親指が邪魔し難いとされる。
- The structure is a kind which is seen irrespective of yawarakaboshi or kataboshi, and kataboshi has no wrist reinforcment, which makes the movement of a thumb relatively free, and the thumb unlikely interfere with the movement of a string in 'Kyudo-shaho hassetsu.'
- しかし、北海道開拓は遅々として進まないことから内務卿の伊藤博文は囚人を安価で使える労働者とみたて囚人に開拓にあたらせることを発案し、監獄を北海道に建設する方針を固める。
- However, as reclamation of Hokkaido was progressing so slowly, Hirobumi ITO, Secretary of Interior, proposed to use prisoners as labors at a low cost for the reclamation, and determined the policy for constructing prisons in Hokkaido.
- 彼は司祭を志して有馬のセミナリヨに学んでいたが、当時のセミナリヨは信仰堅固である程度の家柄の子弟しか入学させなかったので、それなりの身分の家の出身であったと考えられる。
- He intended to become a priest and studied at a Seminario (Seminary) in Arima, but Seminario at the time only allowed sons that had strong religious belief who were from a certain level of family lineage, and Juliao may have been from a family befitting to that certain social status.
- その天下概念は当初陳朝にいたるヴェトナム王朝を南越国の後継と位置づけ、その領域であった中国の嶺南地方からヴェトナム北部に至る地域に固有の天下概念を設定するものであった。
- The above notion of Tenka defined the Vietnam dynasty, which started from the Tran dynasty, as the successor of Nanetsukoku (南越国) (the Kingdom of Nanyue) and deemed its original territory from the Lingnan area of China to the northern part of Vietnam as its own Tenka.
- 義満は奉公衆と呼ばれる軍事力を整え、有力守護大名の山名氏や大内氏を挑発してそれぞれ明徳の乱、応永の乱で追討し、将軍権力を固めて、南北朝合一を行い天皇に迫る権力を確立する。
- Yoshimitsu also formed an auxiliary military force, called the Hokoshu, and worked to provoke two influential shugo daimyo families, the Yamana clan in the Meitoku Rebellion and the Ouchi clan in the Oei Rebellion, successfully suppressing both, and thereby strengthened the power of the bakufu, managing to unify the Northern and Southern Courts and eventually superceding the emperor's authority.
- 元々は琉球固有の植物や中国風の模様が主流だったが、本土向けの輸出が進むにつれて友禅染の文様を取り入れた紅型が増えていき、友禅も紅型に使われる鮮やかな色彩を取り入れていく。
- Originally, patterns of Ryukyuan native plants and Chinese patterns were mainly used, but bingata taking in the yuzen patterns increased as the export to the mainland increased, and yuzen also took in the vivid colors used in bingata.
- 鰻を食べるのが主流となったのは確固とした由緒由来が有るわけではなく、バレンタインデーのチョコレートや節分の恵方巻きなどと同様、現代でいうコマーシャリズムの産物といえよう。
- The custom became popular, but it has no certain history or origin and could be called the product of what we now call commercialism; like chocolate on St. Valentine's Day, or 'eho-maki' (rolled sushi that is said to bring luck when eaten in 'eho' [the lucky direction]) on 'Setsubun' (February 3).
- 主に挽肉とみじん切りにした野菜にパン粉を混ぜ、塩を加えて肉の粘性を出し、卵を繋ぎとして焼き固めた物であるが、味の濃いスープで煮込んだ「煮込みハンバーグ」という料理もある。
- It is made by mixing mainly ground meat and minced vegetables with bread crumbs, adding salt, which lends the meat mixture some cohesion, and eggs as a binder, and is broiled, and another type is 'nikomi hanbagu' (stewed hamburger) stewed in richly flavored soups.
- 前布、後布には、それぞれ最上部(後布の場合には腰板の底辺)の辺の左右から一本ずつ、合計四本の紐(実際には幅七分程度の細長い布状のもの)が出ており、これで袴を腰に固定する。
- A total of four straps (in fact, thin pieces of cloth approximately 21.21-millimeter wide), one from the right and the other from the left sides of the top (or the bottom of the back pleat in case of the back cloth) are attached to the front and back cloths and are used to fix the hakama around the waist.
- 留学生は薩長土肥の高官や明治維新の功績者の子弟が中心であり、特権的な留学による身分の固定化への危惧や優秀な学生の機会獲得のため、九鬼は文部省の方針に積極的に賛同していた。
- Since people studying abroad were mostly the children of high officers from Satsuma, Choshu, Tosa and Hizen, or the children of people who made a great contribution to the Meiji Restoration, Kuki strongly agreed to the government policy in order to prevent the social classes from cementing due to privileged overseas education as well as to provide opportunities to all gifted students.
- この450万円という額は明治43年度から昭和22年度まで完全に固定され、その後の財政規模の拡大にともなう差額は山林・有価証券・農地などの皇室独自の財源からまかなわれていた。
- This amount, four million five hundred thousand, was set for expenditures from 1910 to 1947, the difference due to the expansion of the financial scale afterwards was managed out of individual Imperial financial assets such as Mountains and forests, securities, and agricultural land.
- のちに徳川氏の覇権が確固たるものになっていく過程の中で、豊臣朝臣や羽柴氏を名乗ることを許されていた大名たちは、豊臣朝臣の本姓を捨てて「羽柴」を公称しないようになっていった。
- Later, in the process of the hegemony of the Tokugawa clan becoming secured, those daimyos who were once allowed to use the denomination of TOYOTOMI no Ason and/or the Hashiba clan gradually abandoned this honsei (original name) 'TOYOTOMI no Ason,' and stopped using the myoji 'Hashiba' in public.
- 朝廷と幕府の緊張はしだいに高まり、後鳥羽上皇は討幕の意志を固めたが、土御門天皇はこれに反対し、摂政近衛家実やその父近衛基通をはじめ多くの公卿達も反対、または消極的であった。
- Tension between the Court and the shogunate gradually escalated, and the retired Emperor Gotoba's intention to strike down the shogunate hardened, but Emperor Tsuchimikado opposed this plan, as did many of the Court nobles, including the regent Iezane KONOE and his father, Motomichi KONOE, and many nobles opposed the plan or supported it only halfheartedly.
- 硯は固形墨を磨(す)るためのヤスリであり、墨液が潤滑の働きをするとは言え、そのヤスリにこすりつけることは穂先を硯で磨ることと同じであり、穂先をひどく傷めてしまうからである。
- This is because an ink slab is a file used to grind an ink stick, therefore rubbing a brush top against the file is the same as grinding it on an ink slab, which can severely damage it.
- だが、家を保持継承するためには稽古を積み重ねて各分野における固有の「型」を習得する必要があり、その上で1代に1人もしくは少数にしか伝えられない口伝を伝授される必要があった。
- But to maintain and inherit such a family it was necessary to practice hard and master the specific 'Kata (form)' in the field and the 'Kata' was taught orally to one person or only a few people of a generation.
- 興福寺、延暦寺をはじめとする僧兵の跳梁は、院政期以来朝廷が対策に苦しんだところであったが、幕府が全面に乗り出して僧兵の不当な要求には断固武力で鎮圧するという方針がとられた。
- The prevalence of monk soldiers, including those of the Kofuku-ji and Enryaku-ji temples, was a problem by which the Imperial Court had, since the period of rule by retired emperors, experienced difficulty in taking measures against them; however, a policy was employed by which the Bakufu could fully undertake the matter and firmly suppress the unreasonable demands of the monk soldiers through use of force.
- この後幕府は、17世紀中葉までに、武家諸法度の発布や参勤交代の義務化、有力大名の改易などを通して、諸大名との主従制を確固たるものとし、朝廷統制を強め、幕府官僚機構を整備した。
- After this, the bakufu solidified the master-servant relationship with each daimyo by around the middle of 17th century, through enacting Buke shohatto (laws for the military households), making Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) obligatory, and conducting Kaieki operations (forfeiting the rank of samurai and properties) for powerful daimyo, strengthened control of the Imperial Court, and established its government officer system.
- その後、この作業が手間がかかると言うことで「板引き」(生地に硬めに糊をして漆を塗った厚板に貼り付け、板のように固まったところではがす加工)をした生地から作られるようになった。
- Later that process was considered very troublesome, so the technique of 'itahiki' was introduced (craftsmen put a lot of paste on the material, stick it to a lacquered board to dry it, and when it hardened like a board, peel it off; after the whole process finished, craftsmen cut the material to make clothes).
- その上、中国地方には長年の間、基盤を固めていた大内氏の存在は大きく、やはり最終的には大内氏の侵攻に苦慮しているし、興久の乱により家中が泥沼状態に向かったというのも事実である。
- In addition, it is true that a prominent presence of the Ouchi clan in the Chugoku region, the base of the clan, eventually caused a struggle among the Amago clan in destroying the Ouchi clan, and also the Rebellion of Okihisa pushed the Amago family into a quagmire.
- 一方、既にプロシア式の憲法導入に積極的であった岩倉や井上毅と違い、政変後の伊藤個人は立憲体制導入の決意は固めていたものの、どの形態を採るかについてはまだ確信は得ていなかった。
- On the other hand, unlike Iwakura and Inoue, who advocated introduction of Prussia style constitution, even Ito had decided on introduction of constitutional government system, but he was still thinking about the style of the system even after the Meiji juyonen no seihen.
- 以上のように、守護職の固定化および権能の大幅な拡大を背景として、室町期守護は、領国内の在地領主(国人)、土地、人民(百姓など)に対する一円支配(一元的な支配)を強化していった。
- Thus, taking advantage of the monopolization of the shugo-shiki as well as the drastically expanded authority, the shugo in the Muromachi period strengthened the comprehensive (unified) control over the resident landholders (called 'kokujin' [local lord]), lands, people (including peasants) and so on.
- 同時に対外的な武力侵攻に対しては貴い血筋と武名、朝廷や権門との親密さを背景に地方に強固な勢力を持つ武門の棟梁に臣従して本領安堵を請い、その保護下に入ることで難を逃れたのである。
- At the same time, they rendered homage and service to a Bumon no toryo, who held great provincial power due to their noble bloodline and close relationship with the Imperial Court and powerful nobilities; they did so in return for honryo-ando (acknowledgement of inherited territories) so that they could get out of trouble under the protection of the Bumon no toryo in the event of military attack.
- 後半の「さざれ石の巌となりて」は、砂や石が固まって岩が生じるという考え方と、それを裏付けるかのような細石の存在が知られるようになった『古今和歌集』編纂当時の知識を反映している。
- 'Pebbles gather to form a rock' in the latter half reflects knowledge of the period when the Kokin-Wakashu was compiled and the idea that sand and pebbles gather together to form a rock and existence of pebbles were thought as evidence of this idea.
- 元寇防衛に働いた九州御家人の恩賞・訴訟を判定するため、安達泰盛は九州に合議制の奉行(鎮西談議所)を置いていたが、頼綱はそれに代えて、得宗派で固めた新機関(鎮西探題)を設置した。
- Yasumori ADACHI established the magistrate's office of council system (Chinzeidangisho (magistrate's office of Kyushu region)) in Kyushu to judge Onsho (reward grants) and lawsuits for Kyushu gokenin who had worked for the defense of Japan against Mongol invasion attempts, but Yoritsuna, instead of this, founded a new institution (Chinzei tandai (office of the military governor of Kyushu)) which was managed only by the Tokuso party.
- 翌永仁2年(1294年)3月、兼時は「異国用心」のため、筑前国と肥前国で九州の御家人達と、とぶひ(狼煙)の訓練を行い、軍勢の注進、兵船の調達などを行って異国警固体制を強化した。
- In April, 1294, the following year, for 'a precaution against foreign countries,' Kanetoki conducted signal fire training with gokenin of Kyushu in the Provinces of Chikuzen and Hizen, and made a report of the force and increased procurement, strengthening the security guard against foreign countries.
- そののち系統育種で選抜固定を行ない、1976年に「信放酒1号」という系統名を与えてさらに検討を加えた結果、1978年に第7世代で長野県の奨励品種に採用され「美山錦」と命名された。
- Fixation by selection was then carried out through line breeding and, in 1976, the line name 'Shin-ho sake No. 1' was given to it; subsequently, after further review, the seventh generation was adopted to the recommended variety of Nagano Prefecture in 1978 and called 'Miyama nishiki.'
- 例えば近代以降のクラシック音楽ならば「個人的な解釈の違い」となるべきところを、集団で、伝統としてある程度、固定化して引継いでゆくところに流儀というものの特異性があるといっていい。
- Ryugi is unique in that the differences from other schools are fixed to some degree and handed down as traditions within the group, while, for example, in western classical music of modern age and thereafter, differences in interpretation of music are considered to be only 'personal'.
- 自説に固執し、当時海軍で採用していた脚気対策の治療法として行われていた麦飯を禁止する通達を出し、さらに日露戦争でも兵士に麦飯を支給するのを拒んだ(自ら短編「妄想」で触れている)。
- He was so convinced of his theory that he issued an announcement to forbid eating barley rice which was taken as a diet supplement for beriberi in the Navy of the times, and in the Russo-Japanese War also, he refused to supply barley rice to soldiers (as he mentioned in his short story 'Moso' (Delusion).
- 堂内には多数の仏像を安置し、うち本尊の不空羂索観音立像をはじめ9体の乾漆像(麻布を漆で貼り固めた張り子状の像)と、執金剛神像を含む5体の塑像(粘土製の像)が奈良時代のものである。
- There are many statues enshrined inside the hall; among those, nine of the dry-lacquer statues (papier-mâché statues made of hemp cloth and lacquer) including the principal image, the standing statue of Amoghapasa (manifestation of Amalokitesvara), and five earthen images (clay statues) including the Shukongoshin-zo statue, were created in the Nara Period.
- 『平家物語』は多子の入内を二条の独断とするが、後見の美福門院や側近の経宗・惟方がこのような重大問題に関与しなかったとは考えにくく、二条の立場を固めるための政略的な婚姻と推測される。
- It is said in 'The Tale of the Heike,' Tashi was allowed to make her bridal entry to the court as the Emperor's court lady due to the Emperor's own authority; however, it is hard to think his guardian, Bifuku mon in, and his close aides Tsunemune and Korekata did not get involved in making decisions on such an important issue, so it is presumed that this was an arranged engagement for the Emperor to be in a better political position.
- 但し、この事件以降平城天皇と仲成・薬子との結びつきはさらに強固なものとなったらしく、尚侍であった薬子の昇進を考慮して、事件の直後に尚侍の官位相当が従五位から従三位に引き上げられた。
- However, it seems that the relationship between Emperor Heijo and Nakanari/Kusuko became stronger and the court rank of Naishi no Kami (Principal Handmaid) was upgraded from Jugoi (Junior Fifth Grade) to Jusanmi (Junior Third Grade) soon after this incident taking into account the promotion of Kusuko, who was then Naishi no Kami.
- 皇太子の後見人・東宮傅(とうぐうのふ)は左大臣・藤原経宗が任じられ、春宮坊の職員には、春宮大夫・平宗盛、権大夫・花山院兼雅、亮・平重衡、権亮・平維盛と一門と親平氏公卿で固められた。
- The position of guardian and togu-no-fu (an official in charge of education of the Crown Prince) was assigned to FUJIWARA no Tsunemune, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), and as the staff of Togubo (Crown Prince's Quarters) was assigned to TAIRA no Munamori, Togu no Daibu (a chief officer of Togubo), Kanemasa KASANNOIN, Gonno Taifu (vice chief officer), TAIRA no Shigehira, suke (an assistant secretary of an office), TAIRA no Koremori, gon no suke (provisional assistant master), who were the Taira family and the court nobles close to the Taira clan.
- そのため美麗な絵を描く漫画家やアニメ・ゲームの原画家は「画家」としての固有のファンも獲得するようになり、彼らの描く1点もののイラストやイラスト集の書籍が大量に流通するようになった。
- Therefore cartoonists and lead animators for animated cartoons and video games who can paint or draw beautiful pictures have gradually gained steady fans who regard them as artists, and their one-of-a-kind illustrations and illustration collection books are now distributed in large quantities.
- 「三増酒」という言葉すら知らずに「日本酒とはああいうものだ」という固定観念を極めて深いところに持ってしまっている世代は、なかなか真の日本酒に目を向けようとしないのが現状といえよう。
- At present, it seems that the generations who have a deeply rooted thinking of 'Sake tastes like that' even without knowing the term 'sanzoshu' can not pay attention to true sake.
- 1256年7月2日(建長8年6月2日 (旧暦))- 鎌倉街道中道にて夜討盗賊が蜂起し、往来する旅人を煩わしていることから、沿線の地頭等にこれを警固するようにとの御教書が沙汰される。
- Since there were burglars around the Nakatsumichi Kamakura-kaido Road (one of the three Kamakura-kaido Roads) who robbed travelers coming and going from the area, a document for informing people of decisions was issued on July 2, 1256, to the Military Land Steward around the area to protect people from such acts.
- しかし、たこ焼きの生地はお好み焼きに比べると非常に(小麦粉の濃度が)薄く、キャベツを入れるとかなり固めに焼かなければ固まらなくなるため、大阪で好まれるとろみのある食感は出せなくなる。
- However, the dough of takoyaki is diluted with more water than that of okonomiyaki and resists caking, with cabbage added to it, until it is baked thoroughly, and so the creamy texture which is loved in Osaka is lost.
- ここに至り、かねてより敵対していた藤姓足利氏・秩父氏らと本格的に武力衝突し、渡良瀬川の強行渡河作戦によってこれを撃破し(秩父足利合戦)、さらに北関東における地盤を確固たるものにした。
- At this point, when he had a full-scale armed conflict with the Ashikaga clan of the To family and the Chichibu clan who always antagonized, he defeated by the operation to force crossing the Watarase-gawa River (the Chichibu Ashikaga battle) and then he firmed the foundation of his success in Northern Kanto region.
- 開業時は発着ホームを東海道線に間借りしていたが、京都駅構内の改良工事により、湖西線列車の発車はほぼ3番ホームと固定され、多くの列車は3番線着発の折り返し運転となり現在まで続いている。
- The Kosei Line would use the platforms of the Tokaido Line when the Kosei Line was opened, but Platform 3 was given to the Kosei Line after the improvement work within Kyoto Station; many trains currently arrive at and depart from Platform 3.
- 本拠地の播磨国坂本城 (播磨国)に帰った満祐は、足利直冬(足利尊氏の庶子、足利直義の養子)の孫の足利義尊を探し出して擁立し、大義名分を立てて領国の守りを固め、幕府に対抗しようとした。
- Mitsusuke who went back to his home base of Sakamoto-jo Castle in Harima Province found out Yoshitaka ASHIKAGA, a grandchild of Tadafuyu ASHIKAGA (illegitimate child of Takauji ASHIKAGA, adopted child of Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA) and backed him up, and strengthened his own territory's defense under the legitimate reason and tried to fight back to bakufu.
- このことはヴェトナムの「天下」概念において、皇帝はヴェトナム土着の神々より上位に位置していることとともに、民族固有の信仰がこのような「天下」概念を側面から支えていたことを示している。
- The above shows that under the Vietnamese notion of 'Tenka,' the emperor was placed higher than native Vietnamese deities and the ethnic belief indirectly supported such notion of 'Tenka.'
- 京都地裁による1927年5月の第1審判決では出版法違反および不敬罪については特赦となったが、治安維持法違反については是枝恭二(東大文学部)ら4名の禁固1年を筆頭に37名が有罪となった。
- At the first trial in May 1927, the Kyoto District Court sentenced amnesty for the violation of publishing law and lese majesty, while as for the violation of the Maintenance of Public Order Law, Kyoji KOREEDA who was in the Faculty of Letters at the University of Tokyo and three other people were sentenced to imprisonment for one year and 37 people were judged guilty.
- 平安最末期に関東武士全体を代表する鎌倉殿という地位が登場すると、御恩と奉公に基づく主従関係は、次第に排他的(鎌倉殿以外の主人を持たない)かつ永続的なものとなり、一層強固になっていった。
- Towards the end of the Heian period when the position heading all samurai in the Kanto region, called Kamakura-dono, was introduced, the master-servant relationship based on goon and hoko gradually became exclusive (not allowed to have any master other than the kamakura-dono) and permanent, making the relationship stronger.
- 両藩への同情や日和見的に雰囲気から参加した藩だけでなく、大藩の圧力や旧幕府軍の恫喝を受けて参加した藩もあり、結束が固いとは言い難く、戦況が劣勢になるにつれ次々と同盟から脱落していった。
- Because some domains joined the alliance out of sympathy or for opportunity, and others joined it because of pressure from large domains or from coercion by the former Shogunate forces, they were not closely united; accordingly, one domain after another defected from the alliance as the situation worsened.
- 本戦において崇徳天皇方が総崩れになると、宇治路を固めて南都軍の備えに当たり、また藤原教長・源成雅の逮捕や、斬首された源為義の首実検、捕虜となった源為朝の護送といった戦後処理を担当した。
- When the side of Emperor Sutoku started to be defeated, he tightened the security on Ujiji, supplied the Nanto Army (Southern Capital Army), and did the after battle clean up duties of arresting FUJIWARA no Norinaga and MINAMOTO no Narimasa, identified a severed head of beheaded MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, and transferred hostage MINAMOTO no Tametomo.
- 祖母(溶姫の母で家斉の側室)の専行院は大奥の権勢を固めようと、慶寧の伯父である征夷大将軍徳川家慶の世子徳川家定が病弱であるため、自分の孫に当たる慶寧を継嗣にしようとしたといわれている。
- In an attempt to strengthen power of O-oku (the inner halls of Edo Castle where the wife of the Shogun and her servants reside), his grandmother Senkoin (Yohime's mother and Ienari's second wife) supposedly intended to make his grandson Yoshiyasu the heir because Iesada TOKUGAWA, the heir to Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA, who was seii taishogun and Yoshiyasu's uncle, was in poor health.
- 文明_(日本)15年(1483年)頃には備前国西部に確固とした力を築いていたためか、守護の赤松氏から警戒され、赤松政則の追討の命を受けた浦上則宗の一族の浦上則国に攻め込まれることとなる。
- Because of the Matsuda clan's having built the unchallenged power in the western Bizen Province in around 1483, the Akamatsu clan, the Shugo, was wary of them, and Norikuni URAGAMI, a family member of Norimune URAGAMI, who was ordered to hunt down and kill them by Masanori AKAMATSU, attacked them.
- 翌12月、園城寺・興福寺などが反平氏の挙兵を行ったため、清盛は断固とした態度で臨み、平知盛率いる軍は園城寺を焼き払い近江源氏を撃破、平重衡率いる軍も南都の諸寺を焼き払って荘園を没収した。
- The following December, Kiyomori took decisive action against anti-Taira forces raised by the Onjyo-ji Temple and the Kofuku-ji Temple, with TAIRA no Tomomori burning down the Onjyo-ji Temple and destroying the Omi-Genji, and TAIRA no Shigehira's troop burned down various temples in the southern capital and confiscated their shoens.
- 毛の根元の墨を口で吸ったりして吸い出すことがよく行われているが、品質の良い固形墨・墨液では構わないが、品質について信用できない墨汁などを口に入れることは体に悪い可能性があるので注意する。
- Some people often suck the Chinese ink out from the root of the brush, but caution must be exercised since ink of low quality may adversely affect ones health; this does not apply if ink of high quality is used.
- このため多くの蚊遣器は線香に十分な酸素を供給できる構造になっている他に、線香がその中に設置される際、線香の一端のみを固定し、その他の線香の部位が蚊遣器本体に接触しないように保持している。
- For that reason, many kayariki are with a structure enabling provision of sufficient oxygen, and kayariki fix only the end of a repellent stick in kayariki to keep the other part of the repellent stick from contacting with the main unit of kayariki.
- 今日使われているユガケは日本に武士が使用していたユガケとは基本的な作りから異なり、一般的には三ツガケ、或は四ツガケと呼ばれる親指(帽子)と手首(控え)が固めてあるものが使用されるている。
- The yugake which is used today is different from the one used by samurais in Japan in the basic structure, and in general, the one which is called mitsugake (three-fingered shooting glove) or yotsugake (four-fingered shooting glove), the thumb (boshi, a part of a yugake glove covering a thumb) and the wrist (hikae) are reinforced are used.
- 所領に関しては和田合戦で和田義盛の所領であった武蔵国長井荘を拝領し、平安時代末期から武蔵方面に縁族を有していた安達氏は、秋田城介任官の頃から武蔵・上野国・出羽国方面に強固な基盤を築いた。
- As to shoryo (territory), Nagainosho in Musashi Province which had been shoryo of Yoshimori WADA was granted to Kagemori at the Battle of WADA, and the Adachi clan whose relatives had lived in the Musashi district since the end of the Heian period formed the firm basis in the districts of Musashi, Kozuke and Dewa Provinces after around the time of Kagemori's appointment to Akitajo no suke.
- この道中で、熾仁親王は恭順を条件に慶喜を助命する方針を固めており、江戸から東征中止の要請と慶喜の助命嘆願のために訪れた北白川宮能久親王と駿府で会見し、法親王に慶喜の恭順の意思を問うている。
- On the way east, the Prince made up his mind up to spare Yoshinobu's life by having him swear allegiance, in Sunpu, he met with Kitashirakawa no Miya Prince Yoshihisa from Edo, who came to ask him to break off the attack east and to spare Yoshinobu's life, he asked the Hosshinno's (the Prince who went into the priesthood and received a title to become the Prince by the Emperor) opinion about sparing Yoshinobu's life.
- ハンバーグの起源は、ドイツのハンブルクで労働者向けの食事として流行したタルタルステーキを焼き固め、ソースをかけて味付けした料理からだと言われている(「ハンバーグ」は、を英語読みしたもの)。
- The origin of 'hamburger' is said to derive from a steak tartar broiled and seasoned with sauces, which became popular as a common food for laborers in the German city of Hamburg (the term 'hanbagu' comes from an English pronunciation of 'Hamburg').
- 子に娘(西尾忠固正室)、娘(松平忠栄 (尼崎藩主)継室)、娘(青山幸礼正室)、娘(松平信宝 (上山藩主)継室)、娘(安藤信正正室)、娘(安部信任正室)、娘(久野純固室)、娘(中西元良室)。
- His children were daughters (the lawful wife of Tadakata NISHIO, the second wife of Tadanaga MATSUDAIRA who was the lord of the Amagasaki Domain, the lawful wife of Yukinori AOYAMA, the second wife of Nobumichi MATSUDAIRA who was the lord of the Kaminoyama Domain, the lawful wife of Nobumasa ANDO, the lawful wife of Nobuyori ABE, the lawful wife of Sumikata KUNO, and the lawful wife of Motora NAKANISHI).
- だがこうした配慮にもかかわらず、あるいはその有能さゆえか、嵯峨天皇が宮廷内の権力を固めてゆく中で嫡流の地位を失ったとは言え、桓武天皇の嫡系の孫である阿保親王の動向は注目の対象であったらしい。
- Despite such a consideration, or because of Imperial Prince Abo's talent who was Emperor Kanmu's grandchild, he was the center of attention from others although he was not in the direct line of descendants, while Emperor Saga gradually establish his political base inside the Imperial Palace.
- 義満はこの後には将軍直轄の軍事力である奉公衆を整備し、1391年の明徳の乱においては山名氏を、1397年の応永の乱においては大内氏を追討して有力守護を弱体化させ、幕府の支配体制を固めていく。
- After the coup, Yoshimitsu established the Hokoshu, a Shogunal army directly loyal to him, and succeeded in using it to weaken the two most powerful shugo families, the Yamana clan in 1391 during the Meitoku Rebellion and the Ouchi clan in 1397 by means of the Oei Rebellion, thereby solidifying the shogunate's control over the country.
- 特に東国では武士身分の下級貴族が多数、開発領主として土着化し、所領の争いを武力により解決することも少なくなかったが、次第に武士団を形成して結束を固めていき、鎌倉幕府樹立の土台を築いていった。
- Especially in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan), many lower-ranking nobles from the samurai class were indigenized as kaihatsu-ryoshus and they often solved land disputes by force, but they gradually became closely united by forming groups of samurai and laid down the foundation for the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 硫酸カルシウムはにがりの主成分である塩化マグネシウムと比べ適正な凝固反応が起こるいわゆる凝固のストライクゾーンが広いため、保水性が高く肌理の細かい高品質な豆腐が、比較的容易に作りやすかった。
- When compared with magnesium chloride, a main ingredient in bittern, calcium sulfate had a wider zone in which the proper coagulation reaction occurred (being referred to as the strike zone of coagulation) and made it comparatively easy to make high-quality tofu, which was water-retentive and fine.
- なお、岸和田市などの大阪府泉南では、かき氷屋さんが「かき氷にする?フラッペにする?」と聞いてくることがあり、その際、フラッペを選択すると、かき氷を手でぐっと押し固めたものにシロップをかける。
- In Sennan district in Osaka Prefecture, such as Kishiwada City, you might be asked in the shop whether you want shaved ice 'Kakigori or frappe' and if you choose frappe, the shaved ice will be pressed together before pouring on the syrup.
- 幕府は朝廷と一体になって、国家鎮護に当たることとし、西国の警固を再強化するとともに、それまで幕府の支配の及ばなかった朝廷側の支配地、本所一円地からの人員・兵粮の調達が認められるようになった。
- The bakufu collaborated with Imperial Court for the defense of the nation and, in addition to refortifying the Saigoku's defenses, it also received permission to procure personnel and military supplies from the Imperial Court's territories which had previously been outside of the bakufu's control.
- 明治10年(1877年)の西南戦争に呼応して、東北地方での士族挙兵の計画に参画するが未然に検挙され(首謀者の神職の名から「真田太古事件」と呼ばれる)、他の参加者らとともに禁固刑に処せられた。
- Following the Seinan War in 1877, he joined the group planning raising a samurai army in Tohoku region, however, before the action, he was arrested and imprisoned as well as the other followers (the incident has been called 'Sanada Taiko Jiken' after the name of the ringleader who was a Shinto priest).
- しかし、11世紀に荘園公領制が成立すると、多くの武士は荘司、郡司、郷司、保司に任命され、荘園、または公領の郡、郷、保を確固たる所領とするようになっていき、田堵負名を自らの支配下に置いていった。
- Once the shoen-koryo system was established in the 11th century, however, many samurai were appointed shoji (also known as shokan), gunji, goji, or hoji, and they began to own some manors or the Imperial demesnes such as gun, go, and ho as their settled territories and to have tato and fumyo under their control.
- 通常、大筆(太筆)は穂を全ておろす(ノリを落とす)が(根元に短い毛を意図的に残し、筆の弾力を高めているものに関しては根元を固めたままにすることが多い)、小筆(細筆)は穂先だけをおろすのが良い。
- Usually, while all of a big brush (thick brush) are used (dissolving and removing all glue) (in the case of the fude with short coat intentionally left on the root in order to strengthen the elasticity, glue is often left at the root of the fude), only the top of a small brush (thin brush) is good to be used.
- ビジネスやレジャーの新しい需要を喚起し、東海道新幹線においては当初の12両編成が、1970年の日本万国博覧会の開幕を機に16両編成まで拡大され、高速大量輸送機関としての確固たる地位を確立した。
- With demands for business and leisure being generated, the initial 12-train-car organization of the Tokaido Shinkansen line was expanded to a 16-train-car organization at the opportunity when the Japan World Exposition '70 started in 1970, establishing a firm position as a high-speed and volume transportation system.
- 初代将軍徳川家康、2代徳川秀忠、3代徳川家光の時代は、江戸幕府体制の確立期にあたり、この期間における諸改革は「改革」というよりもむしろ「体制固め」というべきであるため、幕政改革には含まれない。
- The reigns of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (the first Shogun), Hidetada TOKUGAWA (the second Shogun), and Iemitsu TOKUGAWA (the third Shogun) fell under the period of establishment of the Edo bakufu, so various policies during this period were done for setting up the regime rather than implementing reforms, so these policies are not included in the reforms of the shogunate government.
- 円心の子・赤松則祐は第2代将軍・足利義詮や管領の細川頼之を補佐し、京都が南朝 (日本)方に一時占拠された際には、幼い足利義満を自身の居城に避難させて保護するなど、室町幕府の基礎固めにも貢献する。
- Enshin's son, Norisuke AKAMATSU contributed to consolidating the Muromachi bakufu by such ways as assisting the second Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA and Kanrei (a shogunal deputy) Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, and rescuing and protecting infant Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA at his home base castle when Kyoto was temporally occupied by the Southern Court side.
- その何十年かの間に、畿内の領主の一般像が、武装せぬ存在から、武士と武具を常備し、屋敷の守りも固める鎌倉時代の御家人・地頭にも似た、あるいはその御家人の姿に変貌していったことを如実に物語っている。
- It truly depicted a common image of lords of the Kinai region transforming from the unarmed existence to the those armed with samurai and military tools within a span of several decades, and became a servant that was similar to gokenin and jito (land steward appointed by the central military government to each of the manors into which the countryside was divided) that protected residences during Kamakura period.
- こうして彼らにより三味線音楽や箏曲が興隆する一方で、本来彼らの表芸であるはずの平曲は完全に停滞、固定化して、ただ伝承されるだけの存在となり、新作もなく、平曲を演奏出来る人は次第に減少して行った。
- While they contributed to the flourishing of shamisen music and koto music, heikyoku, which should have been their original profession, came to a complete standstill, being handed down with no new work, and gradually the number of musicians who could play heikyoku decreased.
- しかし和議が整うと孝胤は千葉氏当主を自称できなくなり、山内上杉家に終生復讐を繰り返した長尾景春とともに、和議に反対し名目上は足利成氏を主君としながらもその古河御所への帰城は阻止する方針を固めた。
- Once the peace was established, however, Noritane was no longer able to declare himself the head of the Chiba clan, so he was against this peace negotiation together with Kageharu NAGAO, who repeatedly attempted to exact revenge on the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family throughout his life, and his nominal lord was still Shigeuji ASHIKAGA but he decided firmly to prevent Shigeuji from returning to the Koga Imperial Palace.
- なお、この時期に同地域の支配を確固たるものにするために江戸城を隠居城として政務を執る構想があったとも言われているが、実際には氏政は以後も小田原に居住しており、具体化には至らなかったとされている。
- Also, it is said that the clan had an idea to use the Edo-jo Castle as a 'castle in retirement' to administer the political affairs there to ensure the rule over the region, but considering Ujimasa continued residing in Odawara, the plan seemed to have failed.
- 戦後改革により皇室が自らこの差額を調達することは不可能となり、長年固定されていた皇室費を一挙に数倍に増額することは、敗戦直後の極度に逼迫した財政のもとではとうてい合理的な説明がつかなかったのである。
- After the postwar reform, it became impossible for the Imperial Family to manage their finances, increasing expenses several times could not have been practically accepted, especially under the tight financial situation just after the War.
- 平安時代中期に昇殿の制が始まったことと、公卿となることが出来る家柄が院政期から固定されるようになったことに伴い、公家の中で昇殿を許される家柄である堂上家と許されない地下家(じげけ)の区分が成立した。
- As, in the middle of the Heian Period, the system of shoden (to enter the court) commenced and the family lineage that can become kugyo (court nobility) were fixed since the insei period (during the period of the government by a retired Emperor), discrimination among kuge (court nobles) between toshoke for which shoden was allowed and jigeke for which shoden was not allowed was established.
- 甲賀郡のある村に、炎に包まれた片輪の車が女を乗せて毎晩のように徘徊しており、それを見た者は祟りがあり、そればかりか噂話をしただけでも祟られるとされ、人々は夜には外出を控えて家の戸を固く閉ざしていた。
- In a certain village of Koga-gun (Koga County), Omi Province, an oxcart on one wheel engulfed in flames, with a woman on itself, was on the prowl almost every night, and those who saw it, or even those who just rumored about it, were said to be cursed, so people refrained from going out at night and tightly shut the doors of their houses.
- 以後、日本画壇の重鎮として確固たる地位を築き、1934年朝日文化賞受賞、昭和10年(1935年)には帝国美術院会員となり、昭和12年(1937年)にはこの年制定された第一回文化勲章の受章者となった。
- After that, he built a solid position as a leading figure in the Japanese art world, received the Asahi Shinbun Cultural Award in 1934, became a member of the Imperial Fine Arts Academy in 1935, and in 1937 received the first Bunka Kunsho (Order of Culture), which was enacted that year.
- せっかく苦労して築いてきた堺幕府の放棄にも等しい六郎(のちの晴元)の決断には、河内の畠山義堯(六郎の義兄弟)と共に断固反対したが、聞き容れてもらえなかったばかりか、かえって大きな溝をつくってしまう。
- Together with Yoshitaka HATAKEYAMA (a brother-in-law of Rokuro) in Kawachi, Motonaga solidly opposed the decision of Rokuro (Harumoto) that equaled the abandonment of the Sakaikubo government they had spent a great deal of efforts to build, but instead of being accepted, Motonaga's opinion resulted in making a big gulf between him and Rokuro.
- 数々の武功を立てた土岐頼遠が、光厳上皇に狼藉を働いて捕らえられた際、頼遠の軍才や数々の武功を惜しんで助命を嘆願する声が上がり続けても、朝廷の権威を重んじる直義は断固として耳を貸さず、頼遠を斬首した。
- When Yoritoo TOKI, a man who distinguished himself in numerous battles, was captured after treating Emperor Kogon violently, Tadayoshi, who respected the authority of the Imperial Court resolutely carried out his beheading even in the face of continued pleads for his life to be spared for his military genius and many meritous deeds.
- 台湾統治に当っては、当時の政府の見解としては、前述のとおり日本の領土であるため憲法の効力が及び、台湾における立法についても憲法5条により帝国議会の協賛を要するという見解を基本として統治方針を固めた。
- As for governing Taiwan, the government of that time settled on the governing policy based on the above viewpoint that the Constitution should be in force in Taiwan as it was Japan's territory and the legislation in Taiwan required the consent of the Imperial Diet in accordance with Article 5 of the Constitution.
- しかしこのクーデター的家督移譲には不明瞭なところが多く、久政は隠居してもなおも発言力を持ちつづけ、父以来の朝倉氏との友好関係に固執し、新興勢力の織田氏との同盟関係の構築には終始反対しつづけたとされる。
- However, this coup-like transfer of power has some ambiguous aspects: it is said that Hisamasa maintained a big voice even after his retirement and continued to oppose the establishment of an alliance with an emerging force, the Oda clan, sticking to the amicable relationship with the Asakura clan, which had been maintained since his father was in power.
- 強ち柿本人麻呂・山部赤人の余唾を舐るでもなく、固より紀貫之・藤原定家の糟粕をしやぶるでもなく、自己の本領屹然として山岳と高きを争ひ日月と光を競ふ処、実に畏るべく尊むべく、覚えず膝を屈するの思ひ有之候。
- He did not try to follow the styles of KAKINOMOTO no Hitomaro or YAMABE no Akahito or imitate the styles of KI no Tsurayuki or FUJIWARA no Teika at all, his style was established as highly as mountains and as bright as the light of the sun and moon, and it was to be really respected and I felt brought to my knees unawares.
- 鳥羽_(洛外)では総指揮官の竹中重固の不在や滝川具挙の逃亡などで混乱し、伏見では奉行所付近で佐久間信久や窪田鎮章ら幕将の率いる幕府歩兵隊、会津藩兵、土方歳三率いる新選組の兵が新政府軍の小銃火力に敗れた。
- In Toba (the suburbs of Kyoto), the absence of the supreme commander Shigekata TAKENAKA and the escape of Tomoaki TAKIGAWA threw the former Shogunate forces into disarray, and near the magistrate's office in Fushimi, the former Shogunate infantry led by the commanding officers, Nobuhisa SAKUMA and Shigeaki KUBOTA, the soldiers of the Aizu domain, and the Shinsengumi led by Toshizo HIJIKATA, were defeated by the firepower of the rifles in the new government's forces.
- なお、日本語では「和」からしと日本固有の食材であるかのように呼称するが、カラシナはもともと中央アジア原産の植物であり、香辛料としてのからしもインドや中国を経由して日本に伝わったものであると言われている。
- The name 'Japanese mustard' may imply that it originated in Japan, but in reality mustard is a spice from central Asia that was brought into Japan via India and China.
- なお、座席転換作業の必要がない車両(固定クロスシートの京阪9000系電車やロングシートの京阪6000系電車・京阪7200系電車を使用する列車)であっても、乗降客分離のための停車位置変更は必ず行っている。
- Incidentally, the operation to stop trains twice at different positions is always executed even for trains comprising cars for which seat rotation is not required (Keihan Electric Railway Series 9000 with fixed cross seats, and Keihan Electric Railway Series 6000 and Keihan Electric Railway Series 7200 with long seats) for the purpose of separating the boarding and exiting passengers.
- ところが、ヨーロッパの書籍から直接知識を得ようとする洋学(蘭学)が出現するようになると、従来の学問(日本固有の学術及び中国伝来の学術)はこれと区別する意味で「皇漢学(こうかんがく)」と称されるようになる。
- However, when form of studies referred to as western studies (Dutch studies) which sought to directly obtain knowledge through books from Europe started, the traditional way of studies (studies typical of Japan as well as studies introduced from China) had come to be referred to as 'koukangaku' to distinguish from western studies.
- また、この直後に裏松固禅によって『大内裏図考證』が完成され、その研究に基づいて、古式に則った御所が再建されることになるが、同時に朝廷の動向が世間の注目を集めるようになり、尊号一件などの紛争の遠因となった。
- 'Daidairizukosho' (a historical investigation imperial palace images) was completed by Kozen URAMATSU soon after the incident and it was intended to rebuild the Imperial Palace according to its original appearance based on the study of this document but the drawing of public activity to the activity of the Imperial Court at this time became the underlying cause of disputes such as the Songo Incident.
- 将軍義輝の排除はもともと三好・松永の発案ですらなく、古くは阿波国守護細川持隆が最初に策した事であり、この事も示すように当初より実権と将軍専制に固執した義輝の存在は多くの幕府吏僚にとって煙たい存在であった。
- Ousting of Shogun Yoshiteru, not even proposed by Miyoshi and Matsunaga initially, but was first masterminded by Mochitaka HOSOKAWA, governor of Awa Province, in a rather early year and, as this fact reveals, Yoshiteru who had insisted on real power and despotism by the Shogun, had been shunned by Bakufu bureaucrats since the beginning.
- 大別するとマグネシウムイオンあるいはカルシウムイオンがたんぱく質側鎖のカルボキシル基を架橋してゲルを形成する場合と、酸がたんぱく質の高次構造を変える(変性)ことによりゲルを形成する場合(酸凝固)とがある。
- Generally, there is a case in which a gel is formed through cross-linking between an ion of magnesium or calcium and a chain carboxyl group on the side of protein, and a case in which a gel is formed through the change (denaturalization) of the high-order structure of protein by an acid (acid coagulation).
- ソメイヨシノは韓国の王桜を期限とする説もあったが、2007年米国農務省による遺伝子調査によって、韓国の王桜は韓国固有であり日本のソメイヨシノとは別種であることが確認されたため、本説は完全に否定されている。
- There was a theory regarding the Osakura (王桜), of Korea, as the origin of Someiyoshino, but in 2007 it was confirmed through genetic research by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that the Osakura of Korea is peculiar to Korea and is a different species from the Someiyoshino of Japan, and consequently this theory has been thoroughly refuted.
- 元仁元年(1224年)に壬生官務家の小槻国宗(隆職の子)が没すると官務の地位に就くと、九条道家と結んで壬生官務家に押されがちであった大宮官務家の基礎を固め、以後死去まで21年間にわたってその地位を保った。
- In 1225, when Suetsugu took the position of kanmu after OZUKI no Kunimune (a child of Takamoto) of the Mibu Kanmu family died, he formed the relationships with Michiie KUJO to build a solid foundation of the Omiya Kanmu family who had been liable to be almost overwhelmed by the Mibu Kanmu family, and after that he kept the position for 21 years until he died.
- 茂山家は江戸時代以来京都で狂言師として活動してきた家であったが、大蔵流の名門としての地位が確固たるものになったのは、江戸後期に9世茂山千五郎正虎(初世千作。1810年生~1886年没)が登場して以降である。
- Although the Shigeyama family had worked as Kyogen performers in Kyoto since the early years of the Edo period, they only succeeded in firmly establishing themselves as a famous Okura-ryu school Kyogen family after Masatora, the 9th Sengoro SHIGEYAMA (the 1st Sensaku, born in 1810 and died in 1886), began performing in the late Edo period.
- 守護大名や守護代、国人領主が戦国大名になるためには、それは室町時代以前からの庶家や傘下の土豪とのゆるやかな同盟関係のしがらみを絶ち、強固な主従関係により結ばれた家臣団の獲得こそが大きな条件であったといえる。
- In order for shugo daimyo, shugodai, and kokujinryoshu to become a sengoku daimyo, it was necessary to abolish the ties of their loose alliances with shoke and local clans under them that began before the Muromachi period and then to obtain vassal groups with which they were tied based upon a strong relationship of master and vassal.
- それは、庶家も主家同様、領土と居城、家臣を養い、主家から一定の独立を保った者も少なくなく、主君と家臣という強固な主従関係というよりは、事実上、宗家を盟主とする同盟関係という性格が強いものであったことによる。
- This was because many shoke, similarly to the employer's household, maintained their territories, their castles as residences, and their vassals and kept their independence from their employer's household to some extent, and this relationship was not a strong one between master and vassals, but, in fact, tended to be more of an alliance with the head of the family as the alliance leader.
- 1864年3月26日(文久3年2月19日 (旧暦))に朝廷が出した横浜港の鎖港と海防軍備に関する勅愉に対しても幕府は無策を続けるつもりだと判断した藤田小四郎は自ら攘夷実行の先駆けとなるため挙兵の意を固めた。
- Koshiro FUJITA and others who thought that bakufu would do nothing regarding the order to close the Yokohama port and order regarding the defense navy issued by the Imperial Court on March 26, 1864, and they decided to raise an army themselves to lead an attack to execute the expulsion of foreigners.
- その一方で、オオクチバスやブルーギルをはじめとする外来種の侵入や1992年の琵琶湖水位操作規則の改訂、内湖の消失、水田とのネットワークの分断等によって固有の生物相が大きく攪乱を受け、漁獲高が激減した種も多い。
- On the other hand, the catches of many species have been significantly reduced by the disturbance of native species, caused by the invasion of introduced fish such as the largemouth bass and bluegill, the amendment of the Ordinance on Control of Water Level (琵琶湖水位操作規則の改訂) in 1992, the loss of lagoons and the disconnection of the lake from the network of paddy fields.
- 皇太子保明親王を出産するも親王は早世、孫の慶頼王も僅か5歳で没したが、保明親王の死と同年に立后、さらに寛明親王(朱雀天皇)と成明親王(村上天皇)を相次いで出産して2代の国母となり、摂関政治全盛への基盤を固める。
- Although she gave birth to the Imperial Prince Yasuakira, he died very young and her grandson, Prince Yoshiyori also died at the age of 5, however, she officially became the second consort in the same year when Imperial Prince Yasuakira died, then she gave birth to Imperial Prince Yutaakira/Hiroakira (Emperor Suzaku) and Imperial Prince Nariakira (Emperor Murakami) in succession and became a mother of the Emperor for 2 generations, which strengthen the foundation of a blooming regency government.
- もっと個人主義的な次の世代となると、上の世代からそのような話を聞かされているので、「酒とは恐ろしいものだ。関わってなるものか」というある種の固定観念を深いところで持ち、若者のアルコール離れが進んでいくのである。
- Since the next more individualistic generations were told such stories by older generations, they had a strong fixed thinking that 'liquor was dangerous. I never drink it,' and as a result, young people avoided alcohol.
- 鍵吉は、打刀代わりの「倭杖」(やまとづえ)と称する、帯に掛けるための鍵が付いた木刀(政府に遠慮して杖(つえ、杖術で使用する「じょう」ではない)と称していた)と、脇差代わりの「頑固扇」と称する木製の扇を考案した。
- Kenkichi invented 'Yamatozue, ' a wooden sword with a lock with which to hang it from one's belt (and which he called 'tsue' (stick), though different from 'jo' used in jujutsu, out of consideration for the government) to replace 'Uchigatana' (a Japanese sword) as well as 'Ganko Ogi,' a wooden fan which was a substitute 'Wakizashi' (short sword).
- これに対して義景も朝倉全軍を率いて出陣しようとするが、数々の失態を犯し重ねてきた義景はすでに家臣の信頼を失いつつあり、「疲労で出陣できない」として朝倉家の重臣である朝倉景鏡、魚住景固らが義景の出陣命令を拒否する。
- Yoshikage also tried to depart for the front leading the whole Asakura army in response to this, however, Yoshikage who had been repeating various blunders was already losing trust from vassals, so senior vassals of the Asakura family such as Kageakira ASAKURA and Kagekata UOZUMI refused the order to depart for the front from Yoshikage, saying 'they can't depart for the front because of fatigue.'
- 里山やそれらに伴う文化の一部として貴重であり、実際にこのような場所から新薬の開発のきっかけとしてのその土地固有の土壌細菌が発見されていて、また世界中の自然環境学の研究者などが、研究のため訪れる場所ともなっている。
- Kannabi is valuable as Satoyama (farming landscape near the hills and mountains in Japan) or part of satoyama bunka (traditional village culture); in fact, soil bacteria that are unique to such places have been found and used for development of new drugs, and environmental researchers from all over the world visit these places for their studies.
- 天仁元年(1108年)頃、八歳年下の幼帝・鳥羽天皇に入内するよう時の治天白河天皇に命ぜられ、父忠実は院の要請を固辞したが、永久の頃(1113年以後)、鳥羽天皇自身が泰子入内を勧めると、あろうことか積極的に応対した。
- Around 1108, she was ordered by the Chiten (person in power) at that time, Emperor Shirakawa to make bridal entry in to the Imperial Palace to the young Emperor Toba, who was eight years younger than her, although her father, Tadazane kept rejecting the order from the In, he accepted it positively after Emperor Toba himself recommended Taishi enter into the Imperial Palace after 1113.
- しかし、17日夜に八条院、18日に上西門院・亮子内親王が法住寺殿を去り、北陸宮も逐電、入れ替わるように後鳥羽天皇、守覚法親王、円恵法親王、天台座主・明雲が御所に入っており、義仲への武力攻撃の決意を固めたと思われる。
- However, on the night of January 8, Hachijoin left Hojuji-dono Palace, on January 9, Josaimonin and the Imperial Princess Ryoshi left, Hokuroku no miya ran away, and, as if to replace them, Emperor Gotoba, Cloistered Imperial Prince Shukaku, Cloistered Imperial Prince Ene, and Myoun of Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) entered the Imperial Palace, and judging from the move, it is considered that Goshirakawa had made up his mind to attack Yoshinaka.
- 『満佐須計装束抄』では「長さ広さ四方3尺ほどで、赤地の錦の縁の広さ4~5寸ほどのものを四方にさしまわし、中に唐綾または固織物などを縁のうちざまに付けて、そのなかにたてざまに縫い目があり、綿を中に入れた」としている。
- Masasuke costume selection describes a shitone as follows: 'Its side or width is 0.90 m long; the four edges are bordered with a red Nishiki with a hem of a width of 12.12 to 15.15 cm; Chinese brocade, Kataorimono (hard woven), etc. are sewed to the inside of the four edges; there are stitches in a longitudinal direction inside; floss silk is stuffed into it.'
- だが、義昭政権の後ろ盾であった信長軍は三好氏が単体で退けるには強固であった点に加え、その後も没落していった三好氏との結びつきが余りにも強すぎた点を懸念されてか、平島公方は、その存在価値を次第に失っていったのである。
- However, Hirashima Kubo gradually lost the meaning of existence because not only was Nobunaga and his army, which was the supporter of the government led by Shogun Yoshiaki, too strong for the Miyoshi clan to stand down by themselves, but also there was the fear of the close-knit relationship between Hirashima Kubo and the Miyoshi clan, who went to rack after that.
- 関ヶ原の戦いにおいては、近江の地盤固め策としてか、石田三成より「北国表の大将として参陣すれば、六角家の再興を叶えて本領を安堵する」との条件、後には近江一国の軍勢をすべてつけるという条件で誘われたが、これを拒絶する。
- At the time of the Battle of Sekigahara, he was asked to join an army by Mitsunari ISHIDA on the condition that 'if you join an army as a general of the front side of the north provinces, I will make realize the revival of the Rokkaku family and approve it as a main domain' as well as to later give him all troops in the Omi Province, but he refused.
- しかし、1170年以降、マネーサプライの増大とそれがもたらしたインフレーションの結果、貴族たちは、賃貸していた土地や財産を取り戻すとともに、文字どおり減退してしまった現金支払の固定価値と同等の労役を再び課していった。
- However, after 1170, money supply increased and thus inflation happened and as a result, the aristocrats came to impose the same labor service as the fixed value of paying cash which was literally diminished as well as regaining the leased lands and assets.
- 続いて前総理・松方正義と進歩党 (日本)党首の大隈重信の入閣を計画するが、これに大隈にライバル意識を抱く板垣と超然主義を固守する山縣が反発、これを見た伊藤はこれ以上の政権維持は困難であるとみて辞表を提出したのである。
- Subsequently, ITO schemed to take the previous prime minister Masayoshi MATSUKATA and the leader of the Progressive Party (Japan), Shigenobu OKUMA into the Cabinet, but ITAGAKII who had a strong rivalry against OKUMA and YAMAGATA who persisted in the doctrine of superiority rebelled against this, and as a result, ITO considered that it was difficult to keep administration anymore and submitted the letter of resignation.
- 後述する数々の創作物の影響もあり、幕末、京都の治安維持の主力を担っていたのは新選組であるとの認識も一般には強いが、実際は重要な御所近辺は会津直轄隊の精鋭2000人、その周りは幕臣で構成される見廻組500人が固めていた。
- Due to the impact of many works which will be described later, there is a strong general understanding that Shinsen-gumi took a leading part in maintenance of public order in Kyoto during the last days of the shogunate, but actually, the important area around the Imperial Palace was guarded by 2,000 elite troops under direct control of the Aizu Clan, and around that were another 500 men of Kyoto Mimawarigumi, composed of vassals of the shogunate.
- 本膳料理の膳立ては、飯と汁・香の物のほかに膾(なます)・平皿・焼物の3菜を添えたものを「一汁三菜」と表現して、主食に味噌汁のような汁物と、「菜(さい)」、「おかず」と称される固形の副食を組み合わせるのが理想的とされた。
- In the honzen ryori (a basic style of traditional Japanese cooking) serving style the ideal combination is thought to be 'one soup and three types of side dishes' consisting of a staple food, a soup like miso soup, solid side dishes called 'sai' or 'okazu' including rice, soup, pickles and three side dishes of namasu (a dish of raw fish and vegetables seasoned in vinegar), hirazara (a dish on a flat plate), yakimono (a dish of broiled fish or meat).
- 50年以上わたる南北朝の争いは、途中南朝が優勢に立って北朝を一時解体に追い込んだ事(正平一統)もあったものの、次第に北朝を擁立した足利尊氏が開いた室町幕府が全国の武士を掌握するにつれて北朝側優位の流れが固まりつつあった。
- The conflict that continued for more than fifty years between the Northern and the Southern Court was gradually ended with the dominant position favoring the Northern Court, as Takauji ASHIKAGA gradually established the Northern Court and opened the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) and controlled the Samurai all over Japan, although the Southern Court once was in the dominant position and nearly took the political power from the Northern Court (Shohei Itto).
- 製法は明時代の中国における軟落甘(小麦粉・米粉を水飴や脂肪で練り固めて乾燥させた菓子。西~中央アジアに由来するといわれ、元 (王朝)時代に中国に伝来した)に基づき、室町時代に日明貿易で伝わり、茶道の勃興によって広まった。
- The recipe is based on that for nanrakukan (a sweet made by drying the kneaded mixture of wheat flour or rice flour and starch syrup and fat, which is said to have originated from the western and central Asia and to have subsequently been introduced to China in the Yuan Dynasty era) produced in the Ming Dynasty era in China; the nanrakukan was introduced to Japan in the Muromachi period through the Japan-Ming trade (the trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China) and became popular along with the rise of the tea ceremony.
- 走るワゴン車のボディ後方右に張り出しで取り付けられた固定されたカメラからのショットかと思いきや、意表を突いて横・左方向にスライドしてカメラが車内に入るような形となり、そこに「監督 中平康」のクレジットが出るショットなど。
- The shot which seemed as if being taken from a fixed camera that was pendent from the right rear of the running wagon's body, but unpredictably slides to the left and enters inside the car, and showed the credits of 'Director Ko NAKAHIRA,' and so on.
- 鎌倉時代に入ると、従来から存在した王朝(朝廷・公家)の法令(公家法・本所法など)以外にも新たに登場した鎌倉幕府によって、右大将家(源頼朝)以来の判例の蓄積や御成敗式目の成立など、武家固有の法令(武家法)が構築されていった。
- As the Kamakura period began, in addition to the currently existing laws and ordinances of the dynasty (the Imperial court and Court nobles), such as court noble law and honjo law (a law to govern manor in the medieval Japan), the newly established Kamakura bakufu instituted Samurai laws which was unique to samurai families by collecting legal precedents after the inauguration of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, the udaisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards) family, and formulating Goseibai-shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai).
- 固有種(貝)ビワコミズシタダミ(ミズシタダミ科)、セタシジミ(シジミ科)、ビワカワニナ類(カワニナ科ビワカワニナ属)、オウミガイ(モノアラガイ科)、カドヒラマキガイ(ヒラマキガイ科)、ヒロクチヒラマキガイ(ヒラマキガイ科)
- Endemic species (Shellfish): Gastropod, Seta clam (Corbiculidae), Biwamelania (Biwamelania, Pleuroceridae), Ohmigai (Lymnaeidae), Kadohiramakigai (Planorbidae), Hirokuchimakigai (Planorbidae)
- 第二次世界大戦後には、ウォルト・ディズニーやフライシャー・スタジオの影響を受けた手塚治虫が映画的な構図と漫画固有の記号性を合わせ持った表現技法を「新宝島」で定着させ、手塚の手法は日本漫画のデファクト・スタンダードとなった。
- After World War II, Osamu TEZUKA who was inspired by Walt Disney and Fleischer Studios, Inc. established the expression technique in 'Shin Takarazima' combining cinematic composition with symbolism specific to the comic, and his technique became the de facto standard of Japanese comics.
- 主要都市の公共事業としては幕府が行った海運荷役や人口増加の為の埋め立てや治水や河川荷役の為の護岸工事を始めとし、埋立地や護岸の締め固めを目的とした桜の植樹や花火の打ち上げの奨励や遊郭の設置なども広義では普請と言えるだろう。
- In a broader sense, fushin may include establishing public utilities in major towns such as oceanic cargo shipping executed by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), reclaiming land for population growth, constructing levees and dikes to improve river embankments for unloading cargo; it may also include such projects as promoting planting cherry trees to help maintain reclaimed land and embankments, encouraging fireworks display, establishing yukaku (red-light district), and so on.
- 逆に日本猫が持ち出された例として、ネコの存在しなかった沖縄や奄美大島などに人々が本土から移住した際に、一緒に猫を連れて行ったため、この地でノネコとなったものが、ヤンバルクイナなど固有の希少動物を食い荒らし、問題となっている。
- On the contrary, an example of Japanese cats being brought out includes that, when people moved from the main land to Okinawa or Amami-oshima island where cats had not existed, they took cats with them, and as a result, some of them became alley cats there and spoilt rare native wildlife including Okinawa rails by eating them, which has been at issue.
- 一方、単価の高い小ロット品の生産を得意とする京漆器では米糊などを添加しないため、下地材全体に対する漆の割合が50重量%程度(wet重量、固形分では60重量%程度)と、樹脂分の高い下地を施すためコストはかかるが堅牢な器ができる。
- On the other hand, in the case of Kyo-shikki good at production of small lots with a high unit price, percentage of lacquer in the whole foundation is about 50 percent by weight (wet)/60 percent by weight (dry) because rice glue is not added, so the artifacts are costly but durable thanks to foundation which contains much resin.
- 杜氏の発生の前提として、まず日本酒の産業革命ともいうべき、鴻池善右衛門による大量仕込み樽の技法が慶長5年(1600年)に開発されたこと、さらに、幕藩体制が敷かれ、各地方において農民と領主の関係が固定したことの二つが挙げられる。
- There were two facts which triggered toji; firstly Zen-emon KONOIKE developed a technique of large-sized preparation barrels in 1600, which can be said to be the industrial revolution of Japanese sake, and secondly the shogunate and domain system was established and it settled a relation between peasants and their lord in each region.
- 通常コンニャクと呼ばれる食品は、コンニャクイモに含まれるグルコマンナンという多糖をデンプン糊化しアルカリ(通常水酸化カルシウム水溶液が用いられるが、かつては灰を水で溶いた汁を使った)を用いて凝固させたもので、独特の食感を示す。
- A food usually called konnyaku is the one made from glucomannan in konnyaku imo, a polysaccharide which is transformed into starch and then coagulated by adding alkali (calcium hydroxide is in common use or ash water was added), creating its unique texture.
- 後藤基次・毛利勝永も真田案を元に伊賀国と大津市北西にも兵を送り、敵を足止めすべしと主張して対立したが、結局、大野治長ら豊臣家臣の案である、周辺に砦を築きつつ(警戒・連絡線を確保する為)、堅固な大坂城に籠城する作戦が採用された。
- Mototsugu GOTO/Katsunaga MORI, basing their strategy on Sanada's, also insisted that they should send troops to Iga Province and the north-west region of Otsu City to stop the enemies from advancing; however, after all, the strategy of Harunaga ONO and other Toyotomi retainers was adopted, that they should build strongholds around the castle (in order to secure a guard/communication line), stay in the impregnable Osaka Castle.
- 明治以降、序文に書かれた本書成立に関する記述に関してはともかく、本文内容に関しては偽書ではないとする学者もあったが、近年の研究では、内容そのものの整合性や、他の文献との整合性から、全体的には偽書であるとする評価が固まりつつある。
- During the Meiji period and thereafter, some scholars theorized that, putting aside the description in the prologue about how the document came about, the main contents are not forged; however, in recent studies, with the consistency of the contents of the document itself, as well as the consistency of the contents with other documents, the public is leaning to the opinion that the entire document was forged.
- 集落内の親族関係が密接で本家分家体制が強固なところでは、一族がそろって本家に集まり祭祀をする「一門屋敷神」であるが、親族同士の関係が弱まり、希薄になると、本家に一族がそろって祭祀を行なうことはなくなり、「本家屋敷神」の状態となる。
- In places in which relationships by blood and marriage are close and the main and branch family system is firmly rooted in the community, the entire family gathers in the main house to worship the 'clan yashiki-gami', but as family relationships weaken and members grow apart, the practice of gathering in the main house to worship becomes replaced by worshipping a 'main family yashik-gami'.
- 当初はともに3往復で運行していた高速バス路線であったが、現在は大阪なんば線が5往復、神戸三宮線が6往復にまで成長、従来の大阪梅田線を含めると計13復にまで充実させてきており、更に増発を検討中とのことで、確固たる地位を確立しつつある。
- At the outset these were express bus routes with three round trips each, but they've subsequently enhanced their services to five round trips in the case of the Osaka Namba Route, six round trips in the Kobe Sannomiya Route, and a total of 13 round trips including the Osaka Umeda Route, with a plan for further increased frequency; thus they're consolidating their strong position.
- 鎌倉幕府倒幕時の鎌倉攻めの総大将新田義貞、室町幕府を開いた足利尊氏や桶狭間の戦いで織田信長に討たれた今川義元、室町前期に室町幕府の基礎を固めた斯波義将、畠山満家、応仁の乱の西軍、東軍の大将であった細川勝元、山名宗全らも彼の末裔である。
- Yoshisada NITTA who was the supreme commander in the capture of Kamakura at the overthrowing of Kamakura bakufu, Takauji ASHIKAGA who started Muromachi bakufu, Yoshimoto IMAGAWA who were killed by Nobunaga ODA in the Battle of Okehazama, Yoshimasa SHIBA and Mitsuie HATAKEYAMA who formed the foundation of Muromachi bakufu in the early Muromachi period, Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Sozen YAMANA who were the taishoes (general) of the West squad and the East squad in the Onin War, respectively, and the like were Yoshikuni's descendants.
- 梓弓という固定された様式が有るわけではなく、伏見稲荷大社の奉射祭ではアズサの木の枝にそのまま弦を張っただけの弓が使用され、また式年遷宮に奉納される弓は京弓師柴田勘十郎に代々伝わる製法で作られるなど、使われる場ごとにその様相を異にする。
- Azusayumi does not have a fixed shape and how it is shaped depends on where it is used; the bow used in Hosha-sai Festival (an archery ceremony that drives evil away) of Fushimi Inari-taisha Shrine is simply a branch of cherry birch with a bowstring; the bow used in the transfer of a deity to a new shrine building once in a prescribed number of years was made by kyo-yumi bow maker Kanjuro SHIBATA using a technique handed down from previous generations.
- 代表作に挙げられる『真昼の暗黒』、『張込み』、『ゼロの焦点』、『切腹』、『霧の旗』、『上意討ち』、『白い巨塔 (映画)』、『日本のいちばん長い日』、『日本沈没』などの大作の脚本を次々と手がけ、論理的で確固とした構成力が高い評価を得る。
- He successively worked on screenplays for major projects including 'Mahiru no Ankoku' (Darkness at Noon), 'Harikomi' (Stakeout), 'Zero no Shoten' (Zero Focus), 'Seppuku' (Harakiri), 'Kiri no Hata' (Flag in the Mist), 'Joi-Uchi' (Samurai Rebellion), 'Shiroi Kyoto' (The White Tower), 'Nihon no Ichiban Nagai Hi' (Japan's Longest Day), and 'Nihon Chinbotsu' (Japan Sinks); and was highly praised for his ability to write logical and solid pieces.
- 太陽暦(グレゴリオ暦)が1月1日 から暦として採用されたが、それに先立って、紀元節が旧暦である天保暦の正月(旧正月)とはならないようにするため、神武天皇即位の日をグレゴリオ暦の遡り暦に換算して、紀元節を特定の日付に固定する必要が生まれた。
- Before the Solar calendar (the Gregorian calendar) was adopted as a calendar starting from January 1st, in order to prevent Kigensetsu (the National Foundation Day, the day commemorating the ascension to the throne of the first emperor Jimmu) from falling on New Year's Day of Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar) in the lunar calendar, they had to fix a specific date for Kigensets by converting the date of enthronement of Emperor Jimmu into 遡り暦 of the Gregorian calendar.
- その一方で、上皇が要求した地頭解任要求(備後国太田荘)を「故源頼朝が決めた地頭は問題がない限り解任する理由はない」と幕府の根幹を揺るがしかねないとして固辞しており、西園寺公経が右近衛大将を解任された折には上皇の非を指摘してこれを諌めている。
- Meanwhile, he firmly rejected the Retired Emperor's jito (land steward) dismissal request (Ota no sho manor in the Bingo Province) on the ground that it would crush the basis of bakufu if he allowed it, saying 'I have no reason to dismiss jito who the late MINAMOTO no Yoritomo assigned as far as they're not problematic,' and when Kintsune SAIONJI was dismissed from Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), Sanetomo pointed out the Retired Emperor's mistake and remonstrated with him.
- また、西国で京方の公家、武家の多くの没収地を得、これを戦功があった御家人に大量に給付したため、執権北条氏と御家人との信頼関係が強固になり、鎌倉幕府の開府期に続いて多くの御家人が西国に移り住むこととなり、幕府の支配が畿内にも強く及ぶようになる。
- Moreover, having obtained quite a number of estates in the west of Japan confiscated from nobles and samurai of the capital faction, Yoshitoki HOJO awarded a great many of them to those gokenin who had distinguished themselves during the war, and consequently strengthened the relationship of trust between the Hojo clan and the gokenin; continuing on from the opening days of the Kamakura bakufu, many such gokenin moved out to the western provinces to oversee their new lands, meaning the shogunate's control even over the kinai region (the five provinces adjacent to Kyoto) was strengthened.
- 元亀2年(1571年)、延暦寺の僧兵四千人が強大な武力と権力を持つ僧による仏教政治腐敗で戦国統一の障害になるとみた信長は、延暦寺に武装解除するよう再三通達をし、これを断固拒否されたのを受けて9月12日 (旧暦)、延暦寺を取り囲み焼き討ちした。
- In 1571, ascertaining that the corruption of Buddhist politics due to the military and political might of Enryaku-ji Temple's 4000 monk warriors was an obstacle to unification of the warring states, Nobunaga repeatedly demanded that Enryaku-ji Temple disarm, and in response to their resolute refusal surrounded Enryaku-ji Temple on September 12 and burned it down.
- 1961年5月1日に国鉄はこのプロジェクトに対し、世界銀行から8,000万アメリカ合衆国ドル(当時は1ドル360円の固定相場制)の融資を受けたが、1964年までに完成させるという厳しい条件が付けられた(この融資は1981年に返済が完了した)。
- On May 1, 1961, JNR obtained a loan of US$80 million (at a fixed rate of US$1 = \360 at the time) for this project from the World Bank, with the severe condition that the project should be completed by 1964 (this loan was completely paid back in 1981).
- 1334年正月に定められた「建武」の年号は、中国の後漢王朝の25年に劉秀(光武帝)が王莽を滅ぼし漢王朝を復興した際に定めた元号であり、先例に反し、辛酉革命説により「武」の一字が不吉であると断固反対した公家衆の反対を押し切って定めたものであった。
- The 'Kenmu' era name, established in the first month of 1334, was the era name chosen in China in the twenty-fifth year of the later Han dynasty, when Liu Xiu (Emperor Guangwu) destroyed Wang Mang and restored the Han dynasty to power; he went against precedent, and despite the fact that it was the fifty-eighth year of the sixty-year cycle and it was taboo to use the character 'mu' (samurai) in that year, he overcame the resolute opposition of the nobility and selected 'Kenmu' as the era name anyway.
- この期間、国内税率を一律固定化する公田官物率法が導入されたり、小規模な名田に並行して広く領域的な別名が公認されるようになったり、大規模事業の財源として一国単位で一律に課税する一国平均役が成立するなど、社会構造に変革を及ぼすような政策がとられた。
- During this period, some policies, which affected the social structure, were developed: the Koden kanmotsu rippo, which fixed the domestic tax rate, was introduced; bechimyo (large territories including mountains and forests) was authorized alongside small-sized Myoden; Ikkoku heikinyaku (taxes and labor uniformly imposed on every private estate in one province) in order to get financial resources for large-scale projects.
- 建物は小さくても、そこには、「学生の多数を望まず、校舎の壮大なるを望まず」、「一人の教師が一人の生徒と信頼をもって相対」するという確固たる教育精神があり、キリスト教に基づいた人格主義教育をめざし、「偉い人」でなく「善い人」になることが説かれた。
- Although the building was small, the school had firm educational spirits, 'Do not desire a lot of students and a bigger building' and 'One teacher faces one student with trust'; and the school aimed for the Personalism education based on Christianity and taught the students to be a 'good person' not a 'big man.'
- もと奈良時代ごろに庶民の衣服として登場したが、平安時代に入って貴族階級に取り入れられ、素材もそれまでの麻から絹物に代わり、平絹(へいけん)・綾(あや)・固織物(かたおりもの)・浮織物(うきおりもの)などでより大きく長々と仕立てられるようになった。
- Kukurio no hakama originally emerged as clothing worn by commoners during the Nara period, but became adopted by the noble class in the Heian period with the traditional hemp fabric being replaced by silk and tailored into longer styles using fabrics such as plain silk, twill fabric, kata-ori and brocade.
- その後、摂関家の分立に伴ってこうした家領は渡領(殿下渡領)として摂関・藤氏長者の地位とともに移動し、院政期以後に摂関家の財産となった所領・荘園は近衛家・九条家などに分割され、後に5つに分立したそれぞれの摂関家固有の家領として確立されることになった。
- Thereafter, as the Sekkan-ke were divided, the aforementioned keryo were transferred as watariryo (land transferred from lord to lord) (also known as denka watariryo), with the rank of sekkan and the chieftain of the Fujiwara clan; the shoryo and shoen which were added to the estate of the Sekkan-ke after the insei (period of rule by a cloistered emperor) was divided among the Konoe family, the Kujo family, and the like; and later, they were established as the keryo inherent to respective five branched Sekkan-ke.
- 「国の知りて奏せざることなし(常に国と民を思い、政治的な問題は必ず議題とした)」といわれた賢明で良心的な政治家であったが、その反面頑固一徹なところがあり、そのために政治的には孤立してしまう側面があり、冬嗣親子に苦汁をなめさせられる事が多かったと言う
- Otsugu was a wise and conscientious politician who was adored and it was said 'Otsugu always thinks of the country and its people and always discussed all the political problems,' however, on the other hand, Otsugu was sometimes stubborn and therefore was politically lonely and was often deeply troubled by Fuyutsugu and his sons.
- ところが、時代が下ると、名田を経営する百姓身分に属する一般の田堵負名の中からも、自らが経営請負をする名田の属する荘園公領を所領とする武士に、軍役を申し出て武士身分の一角に食い込み、名田の支配権を確固としたものにして所領としていこうとする動きが生じた。
- However, in later periods, some ordinary farmers called tato and fumyo who managed myoden began to attempt to make inroads into the samurai class by offering military service for samurai who governed manors or Imperial demesnes containing the myoden managed by the tato or fumyo, so that they could consolidate their hold over their myoden to own it as their territories.
- こうした動きは、院と深く連携して院政の軍事警察部門を担当することを平氏政権の基盤に置くものであり、その中心には重盛がいたが、その一方で清盛は、西国に築いた強固な経済・軍事・交通基盤によって院政とは独自の路線を志向するようになっていたと考えられている。
- Such actions required a close relationship with the Retired Emperor and left the Taira clan administration, with Shigemori at its center, in charge of the military guard division of the cloister government, while on the other hand, Kiyomori is thought to have pursued a route independent of the Retired Emperor and established strong financial, military and transportation foundations in the west.
- 院政を布いた上皇(院)は、多くの貴族たちと私的に主従関係を結び、治天の君(事実上の国王)として君臨したが、それは父としての親権と貴族たちの主人としての立場に基づくもので、天皇の外祖父ゆえに後見人としてふるまった摂関政治よりもいっそう強固なものであった。
- Joko (In), after establishing Insei, privately formed relationships between lord and vassals with many nobilities and reigned as 'Chiten no Kimi' (actual ruler of the country), and since it was based on the parental authority as father and the position as the lord of nobilities, his position was more firm than that of Sekkanseiji, which was a conservator as maternal grandfather of the Emperor.
- この時こそ清盛の平氏政権が最も強固な体制を築いた絶頂期であったが、しかし、平氏政権は後白河との良好な関係の上に形成されてきたのであり、前年のクーデターによって後白河との関係は解消されてしまっており、平氏政権の絶頂は極めて脆弱な基盤に載っていたといえる。
- This period was the peak, when the Taira clan administration built its strongest organization, but this was based on good relations with Goshirakawa, and since the relationship with Goshirakawa had soured with the coup d'etat the previous year, the peak of the Taira clan administration was on an extremely weak foundation.
- そこで大名、旗本には十里四方に該当する領地を幕府に返上させ、かわりに、大名・旗本の本領の付近で替え地を幕府から支給するという命令を出し、江戸・大坂十里四方を幕府が一元的に管理する方針を固め1843年(天保14年)6月1日 (旧暦)、上知令が発布された。
- Thus it was decided that the bakufu should control the whole areas of ju-ri square of Edo and Osaka by issuing an order to make daimyo and hatamoto return their territories to the bakufu which were within the said ju-ri areas and to supply them with substitute lands near their honryo (main domain), and as a result, Agechi-rei was issued on June 1 (in the old calendar), 1843.
- 球茎を粉状(実際には単に球茎を粉砕した荒粉とマンナンを精製した精粉に分かれ、コンニャク製造の際は双方を混合して用いる)にして水とともにこねたあと石灰乳(石灰(ここでは消石灰のもの)を少量の水で懸濁したもの。水酸化カルシウム水溶液)を混ぜて煮沸して固める。
- Konnyaku can be made by grinding corms into powder (in fact, two types of powder, roughly ground konnyaku corm powder and refined mannan powder, are mixed together in producing konnyaku), kneading the two types of powder with a little water to make konnyaku paste, adding milk of lime (a suspension of lime (here slaked lime) in a little water: an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide) to the paste, boiling and solidifying it.
- だがそれに加えて、鉄道省で1920年代から1930年代にかけて動力車設計を主導した朝倉希一や島秀雄ら主流派技術陣は、根本的な技術面での冒険を過度に恐れ、ドイツ系の技術、それも大径動輪をゆっくり駆動する、プロイセン流のやや旧式化した手法に専ら固執し続けた。
- However, in addition, the mainstream engineering staff including Kiich ASAKURA and Hideo SHIMA, who played leading roles in designing motor vehicles from the 1920s to the1930s, were extremely afraid of taking risks on a fundamental technical level and stuck fast to German technology, in particular to a rather old-fashioned Prussian approach of driving slow, large-diameter drive wheels.
- 『愛のコリーダ』により国際的な評価を確固たるものにしてからは、『愛の亡霊』(1978年)、『戦場のメリークリスマス』(1983年)、『マックス、モン・アムール』(1986年)など外国資本もしくは海外で公開されることを前提とされる作品が中心となっていった。
- After establishing an international reputation with 'In the Realm of the Senses,' he mainly produced works with foreign funds or when he planned to have the films released abroad, such as 'Empire of Passion' (1978), 'Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence' (1983) and 'Max Mon Amour' (1986).
- 外国人にはこうした日本固有の芸道観念が興味深くうつるらしく、ドイツ人の哲学者オイゲン・ヘリゲルが、東北大学に在任中、洋弓(アーチェリー)とは違った日本の弓道の修業の仕方に感銘を受けて『弓と禅』をあらわしたのを嚆矢として、欧米世界にさまざまに紹介されている。
- This idea of Geido, which is peculiar to Japan, seems to interest foreigners, such that when German philosopher Eugen Herrigel was at Tohoku University, for example, he was so impressed by how different the practice of Kyudo (Japanese archery) was from that of western-style archery that he wrote 'Zen in the Art of Archery,' a book that has been introduced to the Western World through various means.
- この際、続きものの記事であったことから多少脚色を加えて掲載していたところ、当時の同新聞編集長が退職後、京都へ戻った折に同地の「近畿評論」なる雑誌へそのまま寄稿、これが”新選組犯人説”を強固に主張する谷干城の目に止まり、今井に対して厳しい非難が浴びせられた。
- Since it was a continuous article, they dramatize the story a little and serialized, and the senior editor of the same newspaper submitted to 'Kinki Hyoron' (The Review of Kinki region) of Kyoto when he retired there that this was noticed by the eyes of Tateki TANI who stressed on 'the Suspect theory of Shinsengumi' and IMAI received severe criticisms.
- 日中の場合、かつては木津方面へ発着する快速列車(上下線双方)を1番線、当駅折り返しの各駅停車を2番線に発着させるダイヤであったが、現在は当駅で木津方面発着列車同士の行き違いを行うようになったため、昼間時は事実上行き先がホームごとに固定された形になっている。
- In the daytime, the rapid trains going to/coming from the direction of Kizu Station (both inbound trains and outbound trains) formerly used Platform 1, with local trains returning from this station using Platform 2, but because trains going to/coming from the direction of Kizu Station have come to meet here, each platform is fixed, in the daytime, to the use of the trains running in only one direction.
- 後白河天皇、後鳥羽天皇院政が強力であった承久の乱以前の幕府は御家人の権益を擁護して旧勢力と対抗する立場あったが、院政の実質的機能が失われた乱以降は、幕府は貴族・寺社等の旧勢力と、地頭・御家人勢力との均衡の上に立って、両者の対立を調停する権力として固定した。
- The ruling of the retired emperors Goshirakawa and Gotoba had been influential over the bakufu before the Jokyu War, and the bakufu then took the position of supporting the interests of the gokenin and opposing the old power; however, after the war the actual function of the ruling of the retired emperors was lost, and the bakufu was established as the authority to mediate the confrontation between the old power of the court nobles, temples, and shrines, and the power of stewards in charge of lords' manors and gokenin, being based on the balance of the two sides.
- 8月初旬の漢城会議で明の援軍を警戒して戦線を縮小して主要街道を固めることとなり、黒田長政は李廷馣の守る延安城を攻撃を行ったが攻略することが出来ず、以後黄海道の広範な制圧から転換して北方からの攻勢に対応するために主要街道沿いにある白川城・江陰城を守ることとなった。
- At the Hancheng (Seoul) meeting of early September, the decision was made to reduce the battle line and secure the main roads in order to look out for reinforcements by Ming Dynasty; Nagamasa KURODA attacked Enan-jo Castle, which was guarded by Ri Teian, but he failed to conquer it, whereupon he guarded the Shirakawa-jo and Koin-jo castles along the main roads in order to respond to attacks from the north instead of conquering the vast area of Hwanghae Province.
- だが、結局大阪市が4号線を第三軌条式で建設してしまったため京阪は新線建設をあきらめ、残る近鉄が自社線内を架線式として架線式・第三軌条式両方に対応する車両を開発した上で4号線と相互直通する方針を固めたものの、大阪市が難色を示したため、近鉄も新線建設をあきらめるようになった。
- However, eventually Osaka City constructed the fourth line using the third-rail system, whereupon Keihan abandoned the plan of constructing the new line and the remaining Kintetsu decided on a policy of introducing through-service between the new line by Kintetsu and the fourth line by developing train cars that use trolley lines on Kintetsu's line and also support the third-rail system; however, because Osaka City was reluctant to accept the plan, Kintetsu also abandoned the plan to construct the new line.
- また、諸家がそれぞれ持っているとされる『旧辞』のような一定の条件を満たす複数の書物ないしは文書の総称であると考えられる「普通名詞」と、『先代の旧辞』や『勅語の旧辞』といった特定の時点で編纂された特定の書物を示すと見られる「固有名詞」とは明確に区別するべきであるとする見解もある。
- There is another opinion that the 'common name' which is regarded as a generic name of more than one book or document meeting certain requirements such as 'Kyuji' each family owns should be clearly differentiated from the 'proper name' which is regarded to refer to the certain books edited at the certain point such as 'Sendai no kuji' and 'Chokugo no kuji' (Records of ordinances).
- 文様は、(近世以降天皇は指貫を穿かなくなった)上皇や親王は「八葉菊」「竜胆唐草」「雲立涌」(雲立涌はかつて摂政や太閤も使ったが、現代の親王は雲立涌のみ)、公卿に多かったのは「八藤丸」で、少年は「亀甲地紋に臥蝶丸」若年者は「鳥襷」なども使った他、一族で固有の文様を使う場合もあった。
- The designs worn by retired emperors and imperial princes were 'hachiyogiku' (eight leaved chrysanthemum), 'rindo karakusa' (gentian floral pattern), 'kumo tatewaku' (vertical seething clouds, this design was previously also used by regents and the father of the imperial advisor but now only worn by imperial princes), and many kuge wore 'yato maru' (eight wisteria circle), young men wore 'fusecho no maru' (prostrated butterfly circle) on a tortoise shell patterned fabric, boys wore designs including 'toridasuki' (interlocking circular units comprising eight stylized birds around a central floral diamond) while there were also cases in which a family would use a particular design.
- ただし現在でも、一部のコンピュータシステム等の問題(旧字体を使用できない、システム変更に費用がかかる)から「五条」としか表記出来ないもの(例:銀行・郵便の貯金部門)や、固有名詞であるもの(例:「五条」を冠した会社名、駅名である「五条駅」)など、僅かながらも「五条」の表記が残っている。
- However, even now, there are still a few descriptions of '五条' in the cases where only '五条' can be described (examples: banks and the savings department of post offices); this is because of problems related to how computers handle old Chinese characters, and the costs for modifying the system; for proper nouns like a company name that includes '五条,' or station names like '五条 Station' this is still an issue.
- 改札口には、いわゆる反転フラップ式案内表示機があり、その駅名には往年の山陰線長距離列車の名残を垣間見ることもできた(京都方面の行き先の表示は、京都方面の当駅に停車する営業列車が京都行きしかないため、パタパタ式ではなく「京都」に固定されていた)が、2008年2月頃に電光掲示板に代わった。
- Formerly, a flipping/flapping type of train information display board was provided at the ticket gates and one would be able to find, in the station names on the board, slight vestiges concerning former long-distance trains on the Sanin line (because all trains in the direction of Kyoto that stopped at this station were bound for Kyoto, the display was fixed to 'Kyoto' without being flapped), but the board was replaced with an electronic bulletin board in or around February 2008.
- 板額は離縁されたのち「・・・去られた女房は三界に家なし、家が無ければ主もなし。誰に憚り遠慮せん。」の台詞と「たとえこの門磐石にて固めるとも、夫思いの我が念力、やわか通さでおくべきかと」という浄瑠璃の詞に乗り、夫に会釈ののちもみ手をして門前に行き、懐紙で門にあてて押すという演じ方が伝わっている。
- It is perceived by the audience that, after being divorced, uttering the lines of '…the abandoned woman has no home of her own in the three worlds, and, if no home, then no master. There is nobody to show a reserved attitude.' and the joruri expression of 'Even if this gate is fortified with large stones, the force of my will arising from my devotion to my husband shall force through the gate.', Hangaku gives a nod to her husband, rubs her hands together, gets to the front of the gate, and then touches the gate with the kaishi (paper folded and tucked inside the front of kimono) to push it.
- 三船敏郎、仲代達矢、佐藤允、小林桂樹らスター俳優に加え、中谷一郎、田中邦衛、伊藤雄之助、天本英世、岸田森、中丸忠雄、平田昭彦、寺田農、砂塚秀夫、草野大悟、高橋悦史、本田博太郎、神山繁、今福将雄、二瓶正也、岸部一徳ら、脇を固める個性派男優を再三起用し、彼らは「喜八一家」、「喜八ファミリー」と呼ばれた。
- In addition to casting leading actors such as Toshiro MIFUNE, Tatsuya NAKADAI, Mitsuru SATO, and Keiju KOBAYASHI, for supporting roles he repeatedly picked up such male actors with colorful characters like Ichiro NAKATANI, Kunie TANAKA, Yunosuke ITO, Hideyo AMAMOTO, Shin KISHIDA, Tadao NAKAMARU, Akihiko HIRATA, Minori TERADA, Hideo SUNADUKA, Daigo KUSANO, Etsushi TAKAHASHI, Hirotaro HONDA, Shigeru KAMIYAMA, Masao IMAFUKU, Masanari NIHEI, and Ittoku KISHIDA, and they are called 'Kihachi Ikka' or 'Kihachi Family.'
- 伊藤がプロシア式の憲法導入の決意を固めたのは、現地で指導を受けたロレンツ・フォン・シュタインの助言(シュタイン自身はドイツの立憲体制を批判してドイツを追われた学者であったが、日本の国情を研究した上でむしろ日本の方がドイツ本国以上にプロシア式の条件に符合していると説いた)によるものであるとされている。
- Ito decided on introduction of Prussia style constitution because of advice by Lorenz von Stein, who lectured Ito in Germany (Stein was opposed to the constitutional government system in Germany and was exiled from Germany, but after he studied about Japan, he realized that the Prussia style constitutional government system would be more appropriate for Japan than for Germany).
- ここでの「悪友」とは、福澤諭吉らの「平等」や「義」や「独立心」を重んずる思想と違って、福澤らから見れば、閨閥、門閥政治、小中華思想(日本蔑視思想)などの旧弊に固執し血なまぐさい権力闘争を繰り返し、事大主義で外交において信義がなく、外交方針がころころ変わる清国や李氏朝鮮という認識で用いられた言葉である。
- Unlike the thought which put a high value on 'Equality,' 'Righteousness' and 'Independence' by Yukichi FUKUZAWA and others, 'Bad friends' in the 'Datsu-A Ron' was the word used meaning the Qing and Joseon Dynasty Korea where, adhering to their old customs of Keibatsu (network by blood connection), lineage government and petit Sinocentrism (idea of disrespect for Japan), bloody strifes over authority were repeated, being Sadaejuui (Loving and admiring the great and powerful) and faithless in diplomacy and diplomatic policies changed so often.
- また、諸家がそれぞれ持っているとされる『帝紀』や内容の異なるものが存在するとされる『帝王本紀』のような一定の条件を満たす複数の書物ないしは文書の総称であると考えられる「普通名詞」と、『帝王の日嗣』といった特定の時点で編纂された特定の書物を示すと見られる「固有名詞」とは明確に区別するべきであるとする見解もある。
- Further, there are opinions that the 'common noun' which is thought to be the generic term for several books or documents that satisfy fixed conditions, such as the 'Teiki,' which every family was thought to have, and the 'Teio Honki' (Chronicle of Emperors) which existing contents were supposed to be different, and the 'proper noun' which is thought to describe specific books that are complied at a specific point of time called 'Teiki no Hitsugi' should be clearly distinguished.
- 国家権限の委譲とこれによる中央集権の過大な負担の軽減により、中央政界では政治が安定し、官職が特定の家業を担う家系に世襲される家職化が進み、貴族の最上位では摂関家が確立し、中流貴族に固定した階層は中央においては家業の専門技能によって公務を担う技能官人として行政実務を、地方においては受領となって地方行政を担った(平安貴族)。
- The transmission of governmental power and authority reduced the burden of the government, which enabled political stabilization of the central government, and facilitated the transfer of government posts according to heredity: among the aristocracy, the highest became Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), the middle-class carried out administrative affairs based on the specialized skills related with their family businesses in the central government and carried out administration as Zuryo in the local regions (Nobles in the Heian period).
- また、これに関係して、合気道が力を必要としないのは、「稽古では相手が抵抗しない型稽古しか行わないから、普段の稽古では力を必要としない、力で劣る人もできる」という意味であり、「護身術・武術として考えたときに合気道のテクニックが優れており、力を使わずとも相手を投げる・固める・制することが出来る」という意味ではない、という意見もある。
- Additionally, with regard to this some say that aikido doesn't require force because 'in training, only kata training where the opponent doesn't resist is performed, so daily training doesn't require force and people who aren't strong can perform as well,' but not because 'aikido's techniques are superior as an art of self-defense or a martial art, allowing one to throw, grapple and control the opponent without force.'
- 1973年に東海道新幹線の大阪運転所(鳥飼基地)からの回送列車が脱線した事故、1991年9月30日のひかり291号(100系X編成)が、車輪が固着したまま三島駅までATC頭打ち速度(225km/h)で走行した事例、そして1999年に山陽新幹線福岡トンネルで通過中の列車に福岡トンネルコンクリート塊落下事故等は、安全確保に悪影響を及ぼす事例と考えられ、重大視された。
- In 1973, a deadhead from the Osaka operation station (Torigai railway yard) was derailed; On September 30, 1991, the Hikari 291 train (100 series Shinkansen electric train-cars, a x train-car organization) ran up to Mishima Station with the wheels locked (or not rolling), at the speed of 225 km/h, the maximum speed for which ATC was enabled; In 1991, a lump of concrete dropped on a train passing through the Fukuoka tunnel of the Sanyo Shinkansen line in 1999; All of these were considered serious examples badly affecting safety.
- 家臣の三輪文屋君は、「乘馬詣東國 以乳部爲本 興師還戰 其勝必矣」(東国に難を避け、そこで再起を期し、入鹿を討つべし)と進言するが、山背大兄王は戦闘を望まず「如卿所 其勝必然 但吾情冀 十年不役百姓 以一身之故 豈煩勞萬民 又於後世 不欲民言由吾之故 喪己父母 豈其戰勝之後 方言丈夫哉 夫損身固國 不亦丈夫者歟」(われ、兵を起して入鹿を伐たば、その勝たんこと定し。
- Vassal MIWA no Fumiya no Kimi advised the prince '乘馬詣東國 以乳部爲本 興師還戰 其勝必矣 (Escape to the East and prepare to fight back against Iruka), but the prince didn't want to fight and said '如卿所 其勝必然 但吾情冀 十年不役百姓 以一身之故 豈煩勞萬民 又於後世 不欲民言由吾之故 喪己父母 豈其戰勝之後 方言丈夫哉 夫損身固國 不亦丈夫者歟' (if we take up arms and fight against Iruka, surely we will win.
- 五十二年秋九月丁卯朔丙子 久氐等從千熊長彥詣之 則獻七枝刀一口 七子鏡一面及種種重寶 仍啟曰 臣國以西有水 源出自谷那鐵山 其邈七日行之不及 當飲是水 便取是山鐵以永奉聖朝 乃謂孫枕流王曰 今我所通東海貴國 是天所啟 是以垂天恩 割海西而賜我 由是國基永固 汝當善脩和好 聚斂土物 奉貢不絕 雖死何恨 自是後 每年相續朝貢焉(『日本書紀』神功皇后摂政五十二年九月の条)
- In September 252, the king of Paekche, met Nagahiko CHIKUMA, an envoy from Japan, and gave him one seven-pronged sword, one nanatsuko no kagami (a mirror with seven small decoration mirrors), and various other treasures, hoping to form a friendship ('Nihonshoki,' from the article dated September 252 during the reign of Empress Jingu).
- この頃は天皇の権威の低下が著しく、室町幕府三代将軍足利義満は、自分の子足利義嗣を皇位継承者とする皇位簒奪計画を持ったと言われるが、義満の死後、朝廷が義満に太上(だいじょう)天皇の尊号を贈ろうとした際には、室町幕府四代将軍足利義持がこれを固辞している(義満が自分より義嗣をかわいがっていたため、父を快く思わなかったためといわれている)ので、その真相については未だ定かではない。
- Around this period, the Emperor's loss of power was remarkable, and the 3rd Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, is said have planned to take over the Imperial throne by making his son, Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA, heir, but since the death of Yoshimitsu, when the Imperial Court tried to give the honorable title Daijo Tenno to Yoshimitsu, the 4th Shogun of Muromachi Bakufu, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, strongly refused to accept this (it is said that it was because he didn't like his father since Yoshimitsu cared more about Yoshitsugu than himself), the truth is not yet certain.
- 光秀がいつ頃から謀反を決意していたかは明らかではないが、亀山城出陣を前にして、愛宕権現での連歌の会で光秀が詠んだ発句、「時は今 天が下知る 五月哉」は、「時(とき)」は源氏の流れをくむ土岐氏の一族である光秀自身を示し、「天が下知る」は、「天(あめ)が下(した)治る(しる)」、すなわち天下を治めることを暗示していると解し、この時点で謀反の決意を固めていたのだとする説もある。
- Although it is not clear since when Mitsuhide made his mind to rebel, there is a view that he made his mind to rebel at the time of the party for renga (linked-verse) in the Atago-gongen Shrine before going to battle from the Kameyama-jo Castle by understanding the first line made by Mitsuhide, 'Tokihaima amegashitashiru satsukikana' (The time is now in May which everybody knows), as 'toki' means Mitsuhide himself, who belonged to the Toki clan which descended from the Minamoto clan and 'amegashitashiru' as 'to govern the area under the heaven,' namely governing the whole country.
- 以蔵が晩年、武市らから冷遇されていた理由について諸書の記述によれば、他の同志より身分が低く教養が無いことによる差別的感情、彼が手がけた数々の暗殺が露見することにより他の同志に累が及ぶ危機感、彼が自刃してしまえばその露見が防げるにも拘らず彼自身がそれを行わなかったことに対する焦燥感や怒り、さらに“尊王攘夷・倒幕”を旨とする土佐勤王党に属しながら“開国派・幕臣”の勝海舟らの護衛を行うなどした(後述)ことにより“剣術こそ強いが確固たる思想・信念を持たぬ者”として軽蔑されたこと、などが原因ではないかと考えられている。
- According to some books, the reason why TAKECHI treated Izo coldly in his later years was, for example, from the discriminative feeling for Izo who had low social standing and no education compared with the other comrades, a sense of danger that exposure of many of the assassinations that Izo took part in may have unfavorable effects to his fellow comrades, and resentment and anxiety toward Izo for not taking his own life although those exposures could be prevented if he had committed suicide; furthermore, even if he had been a member of the Tosa kinnoto that aimed for 'Sonno Joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) and overthrowing the Shogunate', he became a bodyguard to Kaishu KATSU (to be explained later) who was 'a member of the open country wing and a vassal of the shogun'; Izo was disdained, for 'although skillful in swordplay, he was a man with no resolute ideas and beliefs.'