各地: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 各地
• every place
• various places

• 日本各地
• all over Japan

• 全国各地
• every region of the country
• all corners of the country
• nationwide

• 各地の伝承
• Legends in various regions

• 各地の遊郭
• Yukaku red-light districts around the country

• 各地の普請
• Fushin in various places

• 各地の外戚
• Maternal relatives in the world

• 各地の系統
• Lineage around the country

• 各地の遺例
• Places where Rinzo remain

• 各地の信仰
• Faith in various regions

• 各地の五山
• Five temples in various places

• 各地の宝塔
• Local Hoto pagodas:

• 各地の竹輪
• Chikuwa in Various Places

• 各地の慣習
• Local customs

• 各地域の極値
• Extreme value for each region

• 各地の放生会
• Hojoe Throughout Japan

• 各地の手締め
• Regional tejime variations

• 各地の天王祭
• Tenno-sai Festival in Various Locations

• 各地の唐揚げ
• Karaage in various places

• 各地の成人式
• Seijin-shiki ceremony in various regions

• 各地の名物そば
• Regional specialty soba around the country

• 各地の利休饅頭
• Rikyu manju at various places

• 各地の稲荷寿司
• Inarizushi of various areas

• 日本各地の大仏
• Large statues of Buddha in Japan

• 各地のういろう
• The Uiro in various places

• 日本各地の水引
• Mizuhiki production in various parts of Japan

• 各地の曲水の宴
• Kyokusui no En in Each Region

• 各地方での行事
• Regional Omisoka Events

• 各地の杜氏の流派
• Local Toji Schools

• 各地での販売促進
• Sales promotion in various places

• 世界各地のカレー
• Curry around the world

• 日本各地のお会式
• Oeshiki held at each region of Japan

• 全国各地の流鏑馬
• Yabusame demonstrations around the country

• 各地のカツサンド
• Local katsusando in different regions

• 各地の醤油だんご
• Soy sauce dumplings of various districts

• 各地の年越し蕎麦
• Toshikoshi-soba noodles in different regions

• 全国各地の本部教室
• Classrooms operated by headquarters throughout Japan

• 日本各地の祭と鳶職
• Festivals across Japan and tobishoku

• アジア各地への展開
• Expansion into Asia

• 世界各地の「正月」
• Shogatsu' in various areas in the world

• 各地域や各国の状況
• Situations in other areas and countries

• 日本各地での蕎麦文化
• Soba culture around the country

• 全国各地で見られる。
• It is seen all over the country.

• 中国各地を転戦する。
• He was transferred to one place after another in China.

• 各地の主な浄土式庭園
• Major Jodo style gardens at various places

• Xが各地で行われた。
• X was held in various regions.

• 山笠が登場する各地の祭
• Festivals with Yamakasa

• 各地方での調理法の違い
• Different ways of cooking sukiyaki by regions

• 日本各地のしゃぶしゃぶ
• Shabu-shabu around Japan

• 各地の日吉神社・日枝神社
• Hiyoshijinja Shrine and Hiejinja Shrine throughout Japan

• 各地に写しの茶席が残る。
• Tea houses modeled after Joan still remain in different places.

• 日本各地で多く見られる。
• Found in various areas in Japan

• 全国各地で踊られている。
• This song is used at Bon festival dances throughout Japan.

• 日本国外各地における寿司屋
• Sushi restaurants around the world outside of Japan.

• 日本各地でよく食べられる。
• It's popular throughout Japan.

• 西日本各地の風習「三社参り」
• A custom called 'Sanshamairi' at various places in western Japan

• 各地の有名な山が言及される。
• Famous mountains from various regions are mentioned.

• 各地に関所が設けられていた。
• The sekisho (checking station) were set up throughout Japan.

• 各地で発掘調査が続いている。
• The excavation continues in various districts.

• 各地方裁判所に執行官を置く。
• In each District Court, there shall be court enforcement officers.

• 各地が地域の資源を活用する。
• You use the existing resources in your own region.

• 各地に導入の動きが広がった。
• Movement to introduce it into different areas spread.

• どぶろく祭り（日本各地多数）
• Doburokumatsuri (doburoku festival) (various places in Japan)

• 歓喜天を祀る日本各地の主な寺院
• Major temples that enshrine Kangiten at various places in Japan

• 各地の神社で祭礼として行われる。
• It is conducted as a festival in shrines around the country.

• 全国各地の民謡にこの形式が多い。
• Many folk songs around the country adopt this structure.

• 四国、熊野など各地で修行をする。
• He also practiced in various places including Shikoku and Kumano.

• 各地の主な浄土式庭園を列記する。
• Major Jodo style gardens at various places are listed below:

• 詳しくは、各地のういろうを参照。
• For details, refer to the sections on The Uiro in various places.

• 中国の各地に孔子を祭る廟がある。
• Mausoleums enshrining Koshi exist all over China.

• 世界各地に様々な形態の屋台がある。
• Street stalls, take on numerous forms and utilitarian types throughout the world.

• 50歳半ば頃、関東地方各地を放浪。
• When he was in his mid-fifties, he wandered various places in the Kanto region.

• 龍門寺を中心として各地を巡歴した。
• From Ryumon-ji Temple, he went on pilgrimages to various districts.

• 鎌倉時代には忍性が各地に開設した。
• In the Kamakura period, Ninsho opened them at various places in the country.

• 各地で冬のイベントが行われました。
• Winter activities were held in various regions.

• 各地で夏のイベントが開催されます。
• Summer events will be held in various regions.

• 全国各地に初日の出スポットがある。
• There are the spots for hatsu hinode throughout the whole country.

• 世界各地で様々なスタイルで行われる。
• This festival is held in various styles around the world.

• インフルエンザが各地で猛威を振るう。
• Flu is prevalent in various regions.

• 同様の楽器が東アジア各地に見られる。
• Similar instruments can be seen in many places in Eastern Asia.

• 各地にさまざまな夜泣き石が存在する。
• There are various stones called as Yonaki Ishi in various regions.

• 世界各地域における日本的カレーライス
• Japanese-style curry and rice in each region of the world

• 日本各地に多種多様な「笛」が存在する。
• There are many types of fue (flute) in the various regions of Japan.

• 江戸時代から明治までの日本各地の鯨料理
• Whale-based dishes in various parts of Japan in the era from the Edo period to the Meiji period.

• 日本各地に愛宕山の名前をもつ山がある。
• There are many mountains named Atago-yama or Atago-san in various places in Japan.

• 時行は鎌倉を逃れた後も各地に潜伏した。
• Tokiyuki was in hiding at various places after he fled from Kamakura.

• 著者が各地で定期セミナーを開催します。
• The authors hold regular seminars in various regions.

• 各地に同名の仏堂および寺院が存在する。
• The Buddhist statue halls and temples that have the same name exist around the country.

• 各地で祇園豆腐の看板を掲出する店が出た。
• Many shops displayed a sign of Giondofu in various regions.

• 明は国内各地に宮廷直営の皇荘を設置した。
• The Ming dynasty put the imperial manors which were directly managed by the imperial court in different parts of the country.

• 日本各地には、堀之内地名が多く存在する。
• There are many places using the name of 'Horinouchi' nationwide.

• 各地にある若宮神社、若宮八幡宮などの略。
• It is the abbreviation of Wakamiya-jinja Shrine, Wakamiya-Hachiman-gu Shrine, etc. which are located in various places.

• 大江広元の後裔は各地方で武家として活躍。
• Descendants from OE no Hiromoto actively worked as members of the samurai family in various regions.

• 現在、各地で全国大会が開催されています。
• Now national conventions are held in various regions.

• 私たちが各地で連日連夜の運動を展開した。
• We conducted movements day and night in various regions.

• ライブパフォーマンスが各地で反響を呼ぶ。
• The live performances generate a reaction in every area.

• 日本太鼓講習会：毎年数回、全国各地で開催
• The Nippon Taiko Training Class: held several times at various places nationwide every year.

• 各地の山車からくりに受け継がれたとされる。
• This play is said to have descended to dashi karakuri in some local communities.

• 各地で、特定の桜を標準木として定めている。
• In each area a specified cherry tree is observed as the standard tree.

• 太閤検地によって、各地の石高が確定された。
• In accordance with Taiko-kenchi, Kokudaka (crop yield) for each province was defined.

• 平家は各地の反平家勢力との戦いで苦戦する。
• The Taira family struggled to fight against the opposition of the Taira Family forces.

• そのような趣旨の法話会を各地で行っている。
• This aim being the substance of Buddhist dialogue sessions held in various locations.

• 各地には定朝作と伝えられている仏像が残る。
• Buddhist statues ascribed to Jocho remain in existence around the country.

• １５８チームが県内各地で熱戦を繰り広げる。
• 158 teams play exciting games throughout the prefecture.

• そのため各地に多くの流派や分派がうまれた。
• As a result, many new schools and branch-schools were founded nationwide.

• これらの流れを汲んだ神楽が各地に存在する。
• Their descendant kagura can also be seen everywhere in Japan.

• また、その成分も各地によって好みが分かれる。
• The ingredients for soba-tsuyu and soba-jiru also vary depending on the location.

• 日本各地にその地方独特の寿司が根付いている。
• Each region in Japan has its own sushi.

• また各地の殉教者記念堂も巡礼の対象となった。
• Martyriums at various places were also destinations for pilgrimages.

• 村落社会の自立化が進み惣村が各地に成立した。
• Village communities became increasingly more independent, and soson (a communities consisting of peasants' self-governing associations) were established in various areas.

• 将軍は各地の大名に身を寄せ頼る存在となった。
• The shogun became an existence that stayed at with daimyo in various places.

• 黄砂による被害への対策は各地で行われている。
• Measures against damage due to kosa are taken in various areas.

• 各地域における弘教の拠点地に設置される場合。
• The case of establishment as the basis for the missionary work of each area

• 晩年は全国を遊行し、各地で土木事業を行った。
• In his later years, he traveled around the county and conducted public works at many regions.

• 近年娯楽スポーツとして各地に普及しつつある。
• Recently it has been spread as a leisure sport.

• 江戸時代に入ると各地で製造されるようになった。
• Production took place in various regions during the Edo period.

• その後各地に「地域おこし」の鉄砲隊が誕生した。
• After that, musket troops were established in various areas for the purpose of 'community development.'

• さらにウナギに的を絞った伝統漁法も各地にある。
• Furthermore, there are traditional fish-catching methods focusing on eels in various localities.

• 各地への波及はなく、京都を包囲する形をとった。
• The uprisings mainly enveloped Kyoto, but not the surrounding regions.

• 特に弘法水に関する伝説は日本各地に残っている。
• In particular, legends about Kobo-water remain throughout Japan.

• 正宗の作風は各地の刀工に絶大な影響をあたえた。
• The style of Masamune tremendously influenced sword craftsmenship in various regions.

• 全国各地で１４４試合の熱戦が繰り広げられます。
• 144 heated matches will take place across the country.

• 台風１４号が各地に多くの被害をもたらしました。
• The 14th typhoon of the season caused a lot of damage in many places.

• 茅葺は世界各地でもっとも原初的な屋根とされる。
• It is said that thatch is the most primitive roof in various areas of the world.

• 量産のため、全国各地には団扇産地が形成される。
• There were many Uchiwa fan-producing area scattered nationwide for mass production.

• 各地に伝わる話によってはその内容に変化が多い。
• Depending on the stories passed down in the localities the content varies greatly.

• 財団法人生弓会として各地の支部で活動している。
• The Seikyukai Foundation has active branch associations in various places.

• なお、「縁起熊手」を売る風習は、全国各地にある。
• The custom of selling 'engi-kumade' (gook luck rakes) is seen all over Japan.

• 現在でも日本各地の流鏑馬神事として行われている。
• Even to this day, Yabusame events are held temples in various parts of Japan.

• イセエビ類は古くから日本各地で食用とされている。
• Ise ebi have been eaten since ancient times all over Japan.

• また安德天皇とともに各地の水天宮で祀られている。
• She is enshrined in the Suitengu (the temple sacred to the guardian deity of mariners) with Emperor Antoku.

• その為、各地の大学で親鸞会の活動は問題視される。
• Therefore, activities conducted by Shinrankai at various universities across the nation are viewed as a problem.

• 区内各地で９件の乗り物盗難事件が発生しています。
• Nine vehicle thefts were reported in different parts of the region.

• その後、南朝はそれらに倣って各地に山城を築いた。
• The Southern Court later imitated these and constructed mountain castles in various locations.

• 家屋文と類似する家形埴輪が各地から出土している。
• House-shaped haniwa similar to Kaoku Monkyo pattern are excavated from different parts of Japan.

• 園沿いには、日本各地の野生菊を収集展示している。
• Wild chrysanthemums collected from various places in Japan are displayed near the red pine forest.

• やがて各地を巡り散楽を披露する集団も現れ始めた。
• Over time, groups performing Sangaku at various places began to appear.

• また下記については世界各地で類似するものがある。
• Moreover, there were similar arrows in various parts of the world.

• その他にも、各地の祝い事に用いられることがある。
• It is also used for celebrations in many places.

• 各地の人形については、記事郷土人形も参照のこと。
• For information on regional dolls, refer to the article on local dolls.

• 不定期：茨城の太鼓（茨城県内各地で持ち回り開催）
• Held irregularly: Ibaraki-no-Taiko (Japanese Drums of Ibaraki), various groups from Ibaraki Prefecture take turns performing on the stage

• 江戸時代後期には各地で様々な絣が織られ量産された。
• In the latter half of the Edo period, various Kasuri were manufactured in large volume in each area.

• 以下の例に示すように今では日本各地の駅に見られる。
• Today, kamameshi is seen everywhere in Japan as follows.

• 花見の習慣とともに、桜の名所も日本全国各地にある。
• Along with the custom of flower viewing, there are the sights of cherry blossoms all over the country.

• 源氏同士、平氏同士が争う現象は日本各地で見られた。
• The phenomenon of Minamoto clan members fighting each other or Taira clan members fighting each other was seen across the country.

• それらはインドの各地の言語によっていたと思われる。
• Apparently, they were written in each respective language of the various regions in India.

• また、各地の霊山を拠点とする国峰修験の流れもある。
• Furthermore, there exist groups related to Kokubu (literally, provincial mountain peaks) shugen in which sacred mountains in various areas are worshipped.

• 五穀豊穣を願い行われる日本各地にのこる神事や祭り。
• These are the Shinto rituals or festivals performed to wish for a good harvest.

• 明治から昭和30年代中頃まで日本各地で用いられた。
• This was used in various regions in Japan during the period from the Meiji period to around 1960.

• 中世以後各地の有力な神社では巫女舞が恒例となった。
• Mikomai dance became customary at every well-known shrine throughout Japan from the medieval period.

• そのほか、全国各地でいろいろな大会が開催されている。
• Various karuta tournaments are also held in all parts of the country.

• 日本国内各地に分かれ、いくつかの集団を形成していた。
• They formed some groups in regions around Japan.

• しかし、関東各地にある鷲神社との関係は明らかでない。
• However, it is not clear how it relates to Otori-jinja Shrines throughout the Kanto region.

• 藤まつり（ふじまつり）は日本各地で行われている祭り。
• Fuji Matsuri is a festival being held in various regions in Japan.

• 関西各地でも落語会を開き、新人の育成にも力を注いだ。
• They held rakugo shows across the Kansai region and devoted themselves to educating young storytellers.

• 後期に入ると各地で茶樹の栽培が行われるようになった。
• People began to cultivate tea trees in various regions in the late Kamakura period.

• 龍燈の灯るとされる松や杉の伝承は日本各地に存在する。
• The tradition of pine or Japanese cedar which is said to be lightened up by ryuto exists across Japan.

• これらは、藤ノ木古墳など各地の古墳から出土している。
• These have been discovered from tumuli in various places such as Fujinoki Tumulus.

• これはアイヌが築いたもので、北海道の各地に存在する。
• The chasi built by the Ainu tribe exist in various parts of Hokkaido.

• 「河童資料館」では河童の歴史と各地の伝承を紹介する。
• The 'Kappa Shiryokan' (museum) presents the history of kappa and the local kappa folk stories handed down in various regions.

• 日本では全国各地で鯉幟に因んだ行事が執り行なわれる。
• There are events associated with koi-nobori in many parts of Japan.

• 各地で独自の風味や味わいを持つ醤油が開発されてきた。
• Soy-sauce with a distinct flavor and rich tasting has been developed.

• 普段は、各地方ごとの組合で会議や研修等を行っている。
• Usually, it arranges conferences or training in the sub-association of each region.

• 幕末までには、薩摩や琉球などを除く全国各地に広まった。
• By the final years of the Tokugawa shogunate, Shingaku spread nationwide, except for some areas including Satsuma Domain and Ryukyu.

• 観光ガイドにも掲載され全国各地からファンが訪れている。
• It is in sightseeing guidebooks and fans visit the shop from every region of the country.

• 他所酒はのちに日本各地に開花する地酒の出発点でもある。
• Yosozake is the origin of jizake (local sake), which would blossom in various regions in Japan later.

• 宇和島市の職員や、各地区で牛鬼保存会がつくられている。
• Uwajima city officials and citizens in each section organize Ushioni preservation groups.

• 日本各地に分布し、土産菓子としても使われることが多い。
• Ankoromochi can be found in various places in Japan, and is often used as a sweet souvenir.

• また、各地で気象観測の一環として黄砂が観測されている。
• Kosa has been observed in various areas as part of weather observations.

• 各地の有力寺社が軍事力を保持する傾向はその後も続いた。
• After that, such trend of those dominant temples and shrines in various regions to hold military power continued.

• 弘法大師が発見したとされる温泉は、日本各地に存在する。
• The hot springs said to have been found by Kobo Daishi exist throughout Japan.

• 例えば、柚餅子は日本各地で郷土料理として点在している。
• For example, many places around Japan insist that yubeshi (a sweet citron-flavored steamed dumpling) is one of their unique local dishes.

• 日本各地の織物の伝統工芸品については、伝統工芸を参照。
• For traditional crafts of textile in various regions in Japan, refer to traditional industrial arts.

• そのほか、各地の民俗芸能や一部の宗教において演奏される。
• In addition, it is also played for folk entertainment in various areas, and in some religions.

• 「延喜式」には西日本各地の調として寿司があげられている。
• In 'the Engishiki' (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), sushi is listed as cho (tributes) in various areas in western Japan.

• 奈良県各地の木材の集散地であるため、製材業が盛んである。
• Since Sakurai is a distribution or trading center for wood from different areas in Nara Prefecture, lumbering is active.

• 1566年 三好三人衆と松永久秀が対立し、畿内各地で抗争
• In 1566, Miyoshi sanninshu and Hisahide MATSUNAGA had a conflict between them and quarrels in various places in Kinai.

• 南宋から明代にかけても各地で私版の大蔵経の作成が続いた。
• From the Southern Sung to the Ming dynasty, private editions of the Tripitaka had been published in various places.

• 1427年に上洛し、鎌倉や京都など各地で布教活動を行う。
• He went to the capital in 1427, and conducted missionary work in various places including Kamakura and Kyoto.

• 早い時期にチベットに伝わり、チベットから各地に広まった。
• It came to Tibet in early times and spread from Tibet to many areas.

• 蓮如は、遠く奥州まで各地の親鸞の遺跡を巡拝、門徒を教化。
• Rennyo scattered the remains of Shinran to far Oshu for worship, and civilized lay follower groups.

• 各地での地域社会問題が徐々に解決の方向に向かっています。
• Community issues in various regions gradually move towards solutions.

• 日本各地に様々な言い伝えや民話・昔話などが伝わっている。
• Various legends, folktales and old stories are passed down in various regions in Japan.

• この習慣が京都から全国各地へと広まったのが起源とされる。
• This custom spread throughout Japan from Kyoto, which is supposedly the origin of the Matsubayashi.

• 植治の流れは甥の岩城亘太郎ほか、各地に受け継がれていく。
• Ueji's techniques were taken over by his nephew Kotaro IWAKI and other local gardeners in Japan.

• 江戸、岡山藩、薩摩藩、遠州地方、福井藩など各地に広まる。
• His archery school became well-spread to various places such as Edo, Okayama Domain, Satsuma Domain, the Enshu region, and Fukui Domain.

• すき焼きは、日本国内各地方でその調理法に違いが見られる。
• The way sukiyaki is cooked differs by region of Japan.

• この他に、日本各地にさまざまなバリエーションが存在する。
• Apart from this, there are many variations of pork cutlet rice bowls all over Japan.

• アラバマ州内各地にコースが11カ所、468ホールあります。
• The trail is made up of 468 holes on 11 different sites across Alabama.

• 1930年代（昭和）に入り、全国各地でプールが開設された。
• Pools were opened throughout Japan in 1930s.

• その後、商人に信仰され、日本各地に普及していったのである。
• After that, they were worshiped by merchants, and spread to various places in Japan.

• 時代が下るにつれ江戸の各地で酉の市が開かれるようになった。
• Over time, Tori no ichi began to be held throughout Edo.

• - 五穀豊穣を願い行われる日本各地にのこる神事であり祭り。
• A Shinto ritual and festival conducted in the hope of obtaining huge harvest (of cereals), which remains in various regions of Japan.

• 仙台駅や盛岡駅など東北地方各地で駅弁としても売られている。
• It is also sold as ekiben (a box lunch sold on a train or at a station) in various places in the Tohoku region such as Sendai Station and Morioka Station.

• 平氏勢力や各地の勢力の間で5年に渡る内乱が繰り広げられた。
• Civil war continued for five years between the Taira and regional clans.

• 龍燈、龍灯、竜灯（りゅうとう）とは、日本各地に伝わる怪火。
• Dragon lantern (ryuto) refers to a fire of mysterious or suspicious origin, passed down across Japan.

• なぎ神社は日本各地にあり、下記のように表記するものがある。
• Nagi Shrine exists all over Japan, and it is described as below

• 町おこしの成功例として有名で、日本各地から視察が絶えない。
• As the place is famous for the successful example of town revitalization, there are always many visitors from everywhere in Japan.

• しかし、同名の古墳は各地にあるので大和をつけて命名された。
• There are, however, tumuli with this particular name in various regions, so it was named by putting Yamato at the beginning of the name.

• 漁に用いるウの数は各地の鵜飼漁の規模や漁法によって異なる。
• The number of cormorant used for fishing is different from the scale and fishing method of Ukai fishing in each area.

• ただし、発見地は北海道から熊本県まで全国各地に及んでいる。
• And, locations of the copper mines had spreaded everywhere in Japan, from Hokkaido to Kumamoto Prefecture.

• 明治初年、各地で製造され、家庭での張り物に用いられたという。
• It is considered that, at the biginning of the Meiji period, Hariitas were manufactured in many places and used in Harimono (a technique used to stretch out a washed, starched fabric on a board or with the use of Shinshis to dry) in individual households.

• 一方、大阪の日本万国博覧会を契機に各地で博覧会が開催された。
• Expositions were started to be held in many places after the Japan World Exposition was held in Osaka.

• しかしながら、1970年代前後は各地で変化にばらつきがある。
• However, the frequency in each area was considerably different in around 1970s.

• その後元に渡り福州大覚寺で古梅正友に参禅し、各地を巡拝した。
• After that he went to Yuan, and practiced Zen with Kobai Shoyu at Fuzhou Daikaku-ji Temple, then made a round of pilgrimages to various places.

• また後に台湾各地に創建された神社のほとんどで主祭神とされた。
• He was enshrined as shusaijin (main enshrined deities) in most of the shrines erected throughout Taiwan later.

• 各地を転戦して武功を挙げ、畿内や四国に大きな影響力を持った。
• Nagayuki moved from place to place to fight and achieved military exploits, coming to have great influence in Kinki region and Shikoku.

• その後、頼朝や後白河法皇の庇護を受けて各地の寺院を修復した。
• Thereafter, he restored temples in various places under the patronage of Yoritomo and the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa.

• 正義貫徹のため、顕本法華宗義布教所を各地に開設し東奔西走す。
• In order to realize justice, he established propagation facilities of the Kenpon Hokke Sect at many places and was constantly on the move.

• 各地方裁判所は、相応な員数の判事及び判事補でこれを構成する。
• Every District Court shall consist of a necessary number of judges and assistant judges.

• 今川焼きの名称は全国的なものではなく各地により呼び名が違う。
• The name, imagawa-yaki is not used nationwide and different names are used in various areas.

• 長崎市をはじめ、長崎県内各地でお盆に行われる伝統行事である。
• It is a traditional event held in various parts of Nagasaki Prefecture during the Obon festival.

• その他全国各地の素人歌舞伎（但しお歯黒を付けない場合もある）
• Amateur kabuki in various places in Japan (However, tooth black may not be used.)

• 「冨嶽」は富士山を指し、各地から望む富士山の景観を描いている。
• The word 'Fugaku' in the title means Mt. Fuji; it depicts various views of Mt. Fuji seen from different places.

• 各地域にあり、祭礼の際に地域住民の子供などによって披露される。
• Bo-no-te survives in various regions and is performed by local children at festivals.

• 今日でも歌舞伎や各地の祭りの催し物として再現されることがある。
• Nowadays an oiran dochu is sometimes re-enacted in kabuki plays or at local festival events.

• だるまを販売する市が、だるま市として毎年各地で開催されている。
• Daruma fairs, where Daruma dolls are sold, are held in various places every year.

• 伝統的では、ないものも含め世界各地で様々なスタイルで行われる。
• Including untraditional ones, festivals are held in various styles around the world.

• 那須与一の屋島の戦いにちなみ、栃木県内各地の射会で用いられる。
• A sen-teki (literally, 'folding fan target') is used in shooting ceremonies held all over Tochigi Prefecture according to NASU no Yoichi's story of the Battle of Yashima.

• 飾り方にも全国各地で色々あるが、多くはこの三種の飾り方である。
• There are various kinds of display styles throughout the country, but most of them are categorized into the three types described below.

• 蒲焼の専門店を「鰻屋」といい、名店といわれる鰻屋も各地にある。
• Restaurants that specialize in kabayaki are called 'unagiya,' highly reputed of which can be found in various localities.

• 京都では細川方の兵が宇治や淀など各地の橋を焼き、4門を固める。
• In Kyoto, samurai on the Hosokawa side burnt a number of bridges including those at Uji and Yodo, and solidified the defense of the four key gates.

• 応仁の乱が終結した後も各地で守護大名同士の小競り合いは続いた。
• Even after the Onin War, the shugo daimyo had continuous skirmishes with each other throughout regions.

• 一方で仏教への理解も厚く、各地の名刹に書や物品を下賜している。
• He had a deep understanding of Buddhism as well, and he granted documents and commodities to famous temples.

• 後に各地を遊行回国し、踊り念仏、天道念佛を修し、道場を設けた。
• He later made pilgrimages around Japan, during which he practiced a Buddhist invocation accompanied by 'Odorinenbutsu' and 'Tendonenbutsu' dances, and founded a seminary.

• 所属寺院が無い場合は、各地の真宗大谷派教区・別院一覧に訊ねる。
• If you are not associated with any temple, consult the list of branch temples of the regional parish of the Shinshu Otaniha.

• 各地の中華街に関羽などが祀られている廟（関帝廟を参照）がある。
• There are mausoleums sacred to the memory of Guan Yu, etc., in Chinatowns located in various parts of Japan. (Refer to the article on 関帝廟.)

• 最高裁判所、各高等裁判所及び各地方裁判所に裁判所調査官を置く。
• In the Supreme Court, each High Court and each District Court, there shall be research law clerks.

• ダイダラボッチは、日本の各地で伝承される巨人 (伝説の生物)。
• Daidarabocchi is a mythological giant which is handed down in many parts of Japan (a creature in legend).

• 鎌倉時代の諏訪大社が発祥とされ、日本各地の諏訪神社に広まった。
• It is said to be originated from the Suwa-taisha Shrine during the Kamakura period and spread to the Suwa-jinja Shrines in various parts of Japan.

• 産地は博多のみならず、福岡市内・福岡県内外各地に広がっている。
• Production areas are found in Fukuoka City and various regions in and out of Fukuoka Prefecture as well as Hakata.

• あるいは、豚カツの普及に伴い、各地で自然発生的に作られ始めた。
• Or as the pork cutlet became common, katsudon spontaneously began to be created in each region.

• 各地には多くの八景があり、全国の400カ所以上に八景が存在する。
• Eight Views exist in various places, and more concretely, in more than 400 places across Japan.

• さらに国産の人力車工場が各地に建てられ、全土に人力車が広まった。
• Additionally, factories to produce domestic jinrikisha were built in various locations throughout China, and jinrikisha became popular all over the country.

• 類似するものとして鯨墓、鯨碑、鯨供養塔などが日本各地に存在する。
• Similar whale-related mounds such as Kujira-baka (graves of whales), Kujira-hi (monuments for whales) and Kujira-kuyoto (pagodas erected in memory of whales) can be seen across Japan.

• 一方で、社会の安定化に伴い、耕地開発の大事業が各地で実施された。
• On the other hand, as the society became stable, big projects of developing new arable lands were carried out in various areas.

• すでに述べた通り、この時代は相州伝が各地に影響をおよぼしている。
• As already mentioned, in this period, Soshu den had influenced various regions.

• 囲炉裏は生活にかかせないものとして発展し各地方特有の形態を持つ。
• The Irori fireplace was developed as an essential part of everyday life, and each region has its own style.

• 寄棟造は、世界各地の住宅などで見られる一般的な屋根の造りである。
• Yosemune-zukuri is a general form of roof for houses and other buildings throughout the world.

• なお四角い土俵は各地の神社や南部相撲などに現存し使用されている。
• These square dohyo can be found even now at shrines in various regions and also in Nanbu-zumo, and they are still actively used.

• 此の各地の格子の幅のまちまちの伝統は、今日でも受け継がれている。
• These traditional coffer width varying by districts have been handed down up to the present.

• その他、お好み焼きを細長く作り割り箸を刺したもの等が各地にある。
• In addition, there are those that thread elongated okonomiyaki onto chopsticks around Japan.

• 日本各地に残る縄文時代の貝塚から、多数のフグの骨が発掘されている。
• A number of pufferfish bones have been excavated from shell mounds from the Jomon Period located across Japan.

• 実際に各地の戦国大名に雇われていたのは下忍達だったといわれている。
• It is said that the daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku period around the country actually hired Genin.

• 播磨国では赤松則村（円心）が挙兵し、その他の各地でも反乱が起きた。
• In Harima Province, Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin) raised an army, and revolts occurred in other areas.

• 原則として杜氏各地の杜氏の流派（または流派）ごとに形成されている。
• As a general rule, a toji union is organized for each local style or school at various places.

• 彼らは各地を遍歴しながら説法を行い、人々から銭や米の寄付を受けた。
• They would tour the countryside, preach sermons and collect contributions of money and rice from people.

• 日本では、地蔵菩薩の像を6体並べて祀った六地蔵像が各地で見られる。
• In Japan the statues of Rokujizo, which consist of six statues of Jizo Bosatsu, are enshrined in various places.

• 猫寺（ねこでら）は、日本各地に見られる、ネコに縁が深い寺院の通称。
• Neko-dera is the common name for temples deeply linked to cats that exist all over Japan.

• あくまで大名自身が居住する城にとどまり、各地の山城は健在であった。
• These remained the residential castles of the daimyo themselves, and the mountain castles throughout the country remained strong.

• 武田惣角は道場を持たず、講習会形式で各地の警察署などを廻っていた。
• Sokaku TAKEDA did not have a practice hall of his own, and went around conducting a workshop of his school at local police stations and others.

• 精霊流し（しょうろうながし）とは、長崎県の各地でお盆に行なわれる。
• Shoronagashi is an event held during the Obon festival (a Festival of the Dead or Buddhist All Soul's Day in mid-August) in different parts of Nagasaki Prefecture.

• 京野菜としての人気の高まりから、京都以外に各地でも栽培されている。
• Due to its growing popularity as a traditional vegetable of Kyoto, ebiimo is grown in various regions other than Kyoto.

• この頃には犬追物・流鏑馬と並んで「騎射三物」と称され各地で行われた。
• Along with 'Yabusame' and 'Inu oumono' forms of horseback archery around that time, they occurred under the collective title of 'three horseback archery forms' at various locations.

• 幕府権力は著しく低下し、全国各地に戦国大名と呼ばれる勢力が出現した。
• The power of the bakufu had been significantly weakened, and sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lords in the Sengoku Period) emerged in various places all over Japan.

• なお、「飯豊」という地名はこの飯豊山の他にも、東北地方の各地にある。
• And as for the place name of 'Iitoyo,' there are the ones across Tohoku region in addition to the Mt. Iidesan.

• 江戸時代初期から「巡礼講」が各地で組まれ団体の巡礼が盛んに行われた。
• In the early Edo period, the 'junrei-ko' (pilgrim groups) were organized in many parts of the country, and group pilgrimage became popular.

• 日蓮以降、日蓮法華宗はその教えに随い各地で辻説法を行い折伏に励んだ。
• Since Nichiren, his Hokkeshu sect followed the teaching, performing street preaching at various places, and strived for shakubuku.

• 奉曳車は各地域独自のものとなり、木遣り歌（きやりうた）なども異なる。
• The wheeled carriage and Kiyariuta (song) are unique to each section of the journey.

• 現在では、このほか、全国各地のさまざまな産物を用いた羊羹が存在する。
• In addition to them, various types of yokan using a variety of local products can be seen everywhere in Japan.

• そして都で散楽を見た地方出身者らによって、日本各地に広まっていった。
• As a result, it was spread throughout Japan by provincials who saw Sangaku in Kyoto.

• 現在は全国各地で作られ、土産や贈答品などとして販売される傾向にある。
• They are produced in many placed over the country, and tend to be sold as souvenirs and gifts.

• 風流系とは異なり、獅子頭を神体として各地を巡って祈祷やお払いを行う。
• Different from Furyu School of shishimai, this shishi-kagura is played by a dancer bearing a mask of lion head, which is regarded as goshintai (an object of worship housed in a Shinto shrine and believed to contain the spirit of god), to implement prayers and rituals at various local shrines where a band of kagura players go on a tour.

• 日本各地に、その地方の伝統や名物などを読み込んだいろはかるたがある。
• All over Japan, various karuta cards exist in which the traditions and the features of the local community are expressed.

• 各地にある樹は、全て人の手で接木（つぎき）などで増やしたものである。
• All the trees in many places are bred by people's hands through means of grafting and other techniques.

• 世界各地の伝統芸能(特に東アジア、東南アジア)でも厚化粧の傾向がある。
• In traditional performing arts all over the world (especially in East Asia and Southeast Asia) there is a tendency to wear atsugesho as well.

• 奈良県・大阪府・兵庫県東部を中心に関西地方の各地で、夏・秋に行われる。
• These festivals and rites take place in summer and fall in various regions mainly around Nara Prefecture, Osaka Prefecture and the eastern part of Hyogo Prefecture.

• 岩木山の登拝行事（1984年1月21日 津軽地方各地　お山参詣保存会）
• Mountain pilgrimage festival at Mt. Iwaki (January 21, 1984; different parts of the Tsugaru region; Oyama Sankei Hozonkai [Association for the Preservation of Processions to the Mountain])

• 以降、国産ワインの需要も少なく各地で細々とつくられているだけであった。
• Afterwards the demand for domestic wine decreased and only a few viticulturists remained to produce wine in various places.

• 利用は各地の待合・お茶屋も不況や観光資源化により初めてでも入店できる。
• As a measure to deal with economic downturn and to attract tourists, both machiai and chaya nationwide have become available to customers who visit there for the first time.

• 小規模ながらも各地に洋服の貸し出し店や洋服販売店ができるようになった。
• Even the scale was small, western clothes rental shops and shops dealing with western clothes were gradually opened across Japan.

• 刀工である「鍛冶戸」が朝廷によって各地におかれたのは8世紀以降である。
• 'Kajitsube', factories for to-ko (sword craftsman), were established at many places by the Imperial court in the 8th century.

• 日本各地に鉄砲隊と称しイベント時に火縄銃で空砲をうつ団体が多数できた。
• Many groups appeared in various parts of Japan, that shot blanks using a hinawaju in the event, calling themselves musket troops.

• 味噌の風味・色は各地方でそれぞれ特徴があり、地方色の強い食材でもある。
• Miso varies in flavor and color by region, making them a home-grown food.

• これにより、二流に分かれた将軍家を擁した抗争が各地で続くこととなった。
• This caused conflicts all over the country among supporters of the shogunal family that divided into two lines.

• このころになると、信長の動きに関連して各地方も統一への道を歩み始める。
• Around this time, in relation to Nobunaga's movements, each region started to move toward unification.

• 呼称の由来は不明ではあるが、全国各地に「しゃぎり」というお囃子がある。
• Although the name origin is not clear yet, there are types of ohayashi (festival music) called 'Shangiri' in many parts of the nation.

• また、中小規模の病院を加えると約75もの病院が市内各地に点在している。
• Also, when including small and medium sized hospitals, there are an estimated 75 hospitals scattered across the city.

• 山科本願寺は廃墟と化したが、今も高い土塁の跡が区内各地に残存している。
• Yamashina Hongwan-ji Temple fell into ruins with only a high earthwork remaining in the Ward today.

• また不受不施派の僧侶は「法中」と呼ばれ、それを各地の「法燈」が率いた。
• Buddhist monks of the Fujufuse school were called 'hocchu' and they were led by 'hoto' (the light of Buddhism) at each place.

• 熊野信仰を各地に広めた熊野比丘尼は六道図や熊野曼荼羅などを絵解きした。
• Kumano-bikuni, who propagated the Kumano faith in various places, lectured on Rokudo-zu (i.e., paintings of the six paths of existence) are also called the 'six realms' of reincarnation or Kumano Mandala (i.e., devotional paintings of the three shrines of Kumano).

• 寄棟造 竪穴式住居から発展したと考えられる形状で、日本各地で見られる。
• Yosemune-zukuri (a square or rectangular building, covered with a hipped roof): This style is found throughout Japan and is thought to have developed from prehistoric pit dwellings.

• 幕末の横浜市にルーツを持つと言われ、明治維新後に日本各地で建築された。
• It is said to have originated in Yokohama City at the end of the Edo period, and such buildings were constructed throughout Japan after the Meiji Restoration.

• さらに先述のように各地の獅子舞のルーツも伎楽にあるとみてさしつかえない。
• Further, it would be fair to say that shishimai performed nationwide could have been originated from gigaku.

• 各地の西洋料理店では日本人の口に合うように改変された洋食が生み出される。
• In restaurants for western-style dishes in various areas, so-called 'yo-shoku' (western-style dishes) with tastes tailored to Japanese were generated.

• この石帯に付けられていた石が、日本各地の官衙跡地の遺跡から出土している。
• The stone attached to the sekitai was found at the ruins of government offices around Japan.

• 各地の武将にも味噌作りは大事な経済政策の1つとして見られるようになった。
• Busho (Japanese military commander) around the country came to think of miso production as one of the important economic policies.

• 本来、巡禮とは日本における各地の神社、寺院を訪ね巡り礼拝することである。
• Originally, Junrei (pilgrimage) meant to travel and visit shrines and temples throughout Japan for the purpose of worship at each location.

• 神田は日本各地に存在したため、地名としての神田も日本全国に分布している。
• As Shinden was spread throughout Japan, the place-name Shinden is seen everywhere in Japan.

• そのため、各地は国府が管理する国衙領と私有地である荘園にほぼ二分される。
• As a result, all over Japan jurisdiction over land was split roughly in half, with half remaining under control of the various provincial governments as 'kokugaryo' (public territories) and half becoming shoen (private estates).

• 寺田は日本各地に存在したため、地名としての寺田も日本全国に分布している。
• Because jiden fields existed throughout Japan, Jiden or Terada as geographical names remain throughout Japan as well.

• それぞれの実力者同士の利害衝突に端を発する衝突が広く日本各地で行われた。
• Quarrels arising from conflicts of interest between powerful persons occurred in various places all over Japan.

• 奴隷狩りと略奪は各地で行われた記録が残り、海外へ売り払われた人々もいた。
• There are records of slave hunts and robbery in many places and certain people were sold to overseas countries.

• また薙の神事が日本各地にあり、内陸地方での嵐や大風を鎮める行為とされる。
• Also Shinto rituals of '薙' exist all over Japan, and it is considered a rite to calm down storms or strong winds in the inland areas.

• この頃松田一族は各地に分散し、備前松田氏は北朝方の室町幕府に属していた。
• At that time, the Matsuda family spread across various areas, and the Bizen Matsuda clan belonged to the Muromachi Shogunate in the Northern Court.

• 日本では、各地の地方気象台・気象庁が毎年梅雨入り・梅雨明けの発表をする。
• In Japan, the local meteorological observatory in each region and the Japan Meteorological Agency declare tsuyuiri and tsuyuake every year.

• 同時に、海上交通を通じて日本全国に散らばり、各地に渡辺氏の支族を残した。
• Furthermore, they were scattered all over Japan through the maritime traffic, producing the clan's branch families in various places.

• このような比丘尼は各地を遊行し、これを背景に八百比丘尼の伝説が生まれた。
• Such bikuni went around the country, which led to the creation of the Haooyaku-bikuni (Yao-bikuni) legend.

• 山車は風流として練りだされたものが増え、全国各地で様々なものが存在する。
• Everywhere in Japan, there exist many kinds of Dashi, while increasing number of Dashi have been elaborated in elegant taste.

• 市町村名に限らず、大字や小字として日本各地に「御厨」の地名が残っている。
• The term 'Mikuriya' remains as a geographic name in various parts of Japan, not only in the name of cities, towns, or villages, but also as the name of oaza (a larger section of a village) or koaza (a subsection of a village).

• 西日本では大阪締めが広く行われるほか、各地に独自の手締めが行われている。
• In addition to Osaka-jime which is widely performed in western Japan, different regions each have their own tejime variations.

• 市内中心街には老舗店が2店あるほか、市内各地に鍋焼きうどんを出す店がある。
• In addition to the two long-established restaurants located downtown, restaurants in various locations of the city serve nabeyaki-udon.

• 毎年春には全国各地で日本泳法研究会が、毎年夏には日本泳法大会が開催される。
• Meetings for Japanese swimming style are held every spring in various parts of the country, and Japanese Martial Arts Swimming Championship is held every summer.

• タコは手近なタンパク質の供給源として、世界各地の沿岸地方で食用されている。
• As a commonly available source of protein, octopus has been consumed as food in coastal areas worldwide.

• 一円知行された領国は地域国家へと発展し、日本各地に地域国家が多数並立した。
• The area over which a daimyo was allowed to control completely by himself developed into a regional nation, with many regional nations established in parallel throughout Japan.

• 奈良茶飯（ならちゃめし）は、炊き込みご飯の一種で、奈良県の各地の郷土料理。
• Nara chameshi is a kind of takikomi gohan (rice boiled with seasonal ingredients) and a local cuisine in various regions of Nara Prefecture.

• その中で嵐山の豪商角倉了以が徳川幕府と結びつき、各地の河川の開削を行った。
• One such merchant is Ryoi SUMINOKURA in Arashiyama, who had a close connection with the Tokugawa shogunate and built rivers or canals in various areas.

• そのため20世紀中ごろまで日本各地の山間部の農村に茅葺が数多く残っていた。
• Therefore, many thatched houses existed in villages in mountainous areas until around the middle of the 20th century in Japan.

• 東北や関東、四国、九州の戦国大名達は各地の実情にあわせた城郭を築いている。
• The daimyo in the Sengoku period in Tohoku, Kanto, Shikoku and Kyushu built their castles according to the circumstances of each region.

• また弓矢と吹き矢は、世界各地で現在も生活の糧を得るため狩猟で使われている。
• In addition, Yumiya and blowguns are used for hunting as a tool to get food in various parts of the world.

• やがて各地にそれぞれ地域的な特徴を持った杜氏の職人集団が生成されていった。
• Soon, various craftsmen groups of toji who had various local characteristics had been formed.

• 日本各地では、古くからその土地にあった建材を利用した住宅が建てられてきた。
• Housings have been built using local building materials in various regions in Japan from old times.

• 歩き巫女とは各地を回って芸や舞を見せ、時には男性に身を任せることもあった。
• Arukimiko toured many places in Japan and performed tricks and traditional Japanese dances, and occasionally provided sex for money.

• また各地に独特の地ソースが存在しており、その地域の味として親しまれている。
• And there are unique local sauces in various areas where local tastes are enjoyed.

• 上記の焼酎のほか、近年は日本各地で様々な原料を利用した焼酎が造られている。
• Except the shochu above, recently various shochu are produced from various ingredients throughout the country.

• しかし、鎌倉幕府が各地に配置した地頭は、在庁官人の支配範囲へ侵出していく。
• However, jito (management post of shoen or public domain) located in various regions by the Kamakura bakufu began to penetrate the dominion of zaichokanjin.

• またこの富士信仰から富士見という地名が富士山を望める日本各地に残されている。
• Furthermore, these beliefs about Mt. Fuji have left a place-name Fujimi in various places in Japan where you command a fine view of Mt. Fuji.

• 日本三景としての知名度の高さはあれ、各地域では宿泊客数の減少に苦しんでいる。
• Although Nihon Sankei has high awareness, each region has been suffering from decrease in the number of overnight guests.

• この前線付近では雨が降り続くが、長雨の期間は各地域で1か月～2か月にもなる。
• It rains continuously in the vicinity of this front and the period for continual rain lasts for one to two months in each district.

• 当時、各地に職業的な力士集団が生まれつつあり、勧進相撲に招かれては出場した。
• In those days, professional rikishi (sumo wrestlers) were emerging regionally and were invited to compete in Kanjin Zumo.

• 能の流派は大和四座の系統の流派と、それ以外の日本各地の土着の能に分けられる。
• The sects in Noh can be divided according to the system of Yamoto-shiza, and local Noh sects in various places in Japan.

• さらに、各地を行脚するうち、弘安2年（1279年）信濃国で踊り念仏を始めた。
• In addition, as they went on a walking pilgrimage, they started Odori Nenbutsu (dancing and invocations of Buddha's name) in Shinano Province in 1279.

• 鎌倉時代には流鏑馬・犬追物・笠懸は「騎射三物」と称され各地で盛んに行われた。
• During the Kamakura period, yabusame, inuoumono, and kasagake were called 'Kisha-Mitsumono' (the three archeries of riding a horse) and were very popular in various places.

• 「食」を生かしたまちづくりとして、全国各地で郷土料理が見直される動きがある。
• In other words, there is a nationwide trend to invent or reinvent local dishes in order to boost tourism and industry.

• このころは全国各地で、一般的に造り酒屋によって製造・卸の兼業が行われていた。
• Around this time, Tsukurizakaya generally brewed and sold wholesale in various parts of Japan.

• しかしまた、「三分の二」を取らない昔ながらの印西派も各地に数多く残っている。
• However, there are still examples of situations where the ancient Insai school doesn't employ 'Sambun-no-ni.'

• 今では全国各地に土地の名物の佃煮はあり、江戸前に限るということはなくなった。
• Today, Tsukudani appears as local delicacies throughout the country in various locations and can no longer be considered as something solely from the Tokyo area.

• 波野村、南阿蘇村を中心に阿蘇の各地でソバ生産とそば料理の提供に取り組んでいる。
• Noodle business is flourishing in various locations including Namino-son and Minami-Aso-mura in the Aso area where soba is being made and soba cuisine is being offered.

• 豊穣祈願などの祭や地域産品としてのどぶろくを製造する地域は日本各地に存在する。
• There are many regions where Doburoku is produced at a festival for agricultural fertility or as a regional specialty throughout the country.

• また、ファッションの流行を紹介するファッションショーが世界各地で行われている。
• Fashion shows which showcase fashion trends are held around the world.

• そのリズミカルな運動にあわせた、さまざまな歌が作られ、童歌として各地に伝わる。
• Many songs were made to accompany the rhythmical moves of temari, and they are known today as children's songs in various areas.

• 他の地域でも一般的な乾麺の一つで、中国各地の工場で生産が行われ販売されている。
• It is also one of the most popular dried noodles in other areas, which is produced in factories all over China and sold.

• 9世紀・10世紀頃になると、各地で富豪と呼ばれる有力農民が登場・成長していた。
• In the ninth or tenth century, powerful farmers called fugo appeared and continued to increase their strength in various areas of the country.

• これらの造営、作事には各地の受領に任ぜられた院の近臣達が分担してあたっている。
• Construction was assigned to close subjects of the retired emperor who were designated to Zuryo (the head of the provincial governors) of various regions.

• 日本各地で見られるが、特に広島県の厳島神社から見えたという龍燈がよく知られる。
• It is seen in various regions in Japan, but in particular the ryuto seen from Itsukushima-jinja Shrine in Hiroshima Prefecture is well-known.

• 後に、家康によって再建され、廃城後はその建造物及び部材が各地に移築されている。
• It was later rebuilt by Ieyasu; and after it was razed its structures and materials were moved to other locations.

• そして、6世紀後半になると、全国各地で前方後円墳が造られないようになっていく。
• In the latter part of the sixth century, construction of these tombs ceased throughout the country.

• 独自の寺院を持つ事はせず、各地につつましい念仏道場を設けて教化する形であった。
• He didn't possess his own temple, but constructed meeting places called Nenbutsu Dojo in various provinces to spread the teaching of Jodo Shinshu.

• 室町時代から安土桃山時代には、戦国大名により各地に地方色豊かな文化が生まれた。
• During the period from the Muromachi period to the Azuchi-Momoyama period, a localized culture was born in various regions by daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).

• 各地にキリスト教会があり、クリスマスなどの行事は多くの日本人に親しまれている。
• There are Christian churches in various regions in Japan, and events including Christmas are familiar to Japanese people.

• 以後、日本各地の高台にある花見の名所などで、酒席の座興として広まったとされる。
• The rumor is that this spread as entertainment at drinking parties at cherry blossom-viewing spots in high places all over Japan.

• 台湾では、「」と呼ばれる、各地の鉄道駅や列車の車内販売で販売される弁当がある。
• In Taiwan, there is a box lunch called '鐡路飯盒' which is sold at railway stations in various areas, as well as sold on the train.

• 世界各地の沿岸部で古くから鯨肉を食していたことは、考古学的研究から判明している。
• It has been known from archeological studies that whale meat was eaten from old times in coastal areas of the world.

• 羽衣伝説は日本（北海道から沖縄県まで）や朝鮮半島などの各地に伝説が伝わっている。
• The hagoromo legend is handed down in various places in Japan (from Hokkaido to Okinawa Prefecture) and the Korean Peninsula.

• その中で高師直が塩冶高貞を殺害する事件を起こし、各地の武士の間にも動揺が走った。
• Meanwhile, KO no Moronao killed Takasada ENYA, which shocked bushi nationwide.

• 各地で借金苦に苦しんだ農民たちが酒屋、土倉、寺院（祠堂銭）を襲い、私徳政を行う。
• Farmers who were troubled with debt attacked liquor stores, pawnbrokers and temples (lenders using donations to a temple) to cancel the debts by force.

• 天災による飢饉や疫病などが各地に広がり、盗賊や海賊が出没し、社会不安が広がった。
• The prevalent robbery and piracy that emerged as famine and disease caused by natural disasters spread throughout the country caused increased social unrest.

• 後世、神功皇后と共に八幡神に付会され、皇祖神や武神として各地の八幡宮に祭られる。
• In later years, together with Empress Jingu, he was related to Hachimanshin (God of War) and was enshrined as Imperial ancestor and bushin in Hachiman-gu Shrines in various places.

• 東北までに至る各地に長慶天皇潜幸伝説が残っており、南部煎餅の祖とする伝承もある。
• Across Japan, including Tohoku region, there are legends that say Emperor Chokei visited these areas secretly, and some say that he invented the Nanbu Senbei (Nanbu rice cracker).

• 各地から来た大海人皇子の軍勢は、和蹔に集結して高市皇子に掌握されたと考えられる。
• The troops of Prince Oama coming from various places are considered to have got together in Wazami and placed under the command of Prince Takechi.

• 室町時代以降、各地の大名が京都を真似た町づくりをし、それが小京都の起源となった。
• After the Muromachi period, the Japanese feudal lords in many regions created towns which imitated Kyoto, and was the beginning of the Little Kyoto.

• 雄略天皇の時代には秦酒公（さけのきみ）が各地の秦部、秦人の統率者となったという。
• In the reign of Emperor Yuryaku, HATA no Sakenokimi became the leader of Hatanobe and Hatahito (families and followers of the Hata clan).

• その後大巌寺の住職となり、奈良霊巌院・山田霊巌寺など各地に浄土宗寺院を建立した。
• Later, he became a resident priest of Daigan-ji Temple, and built many Jodo sect temples in many places, including Reigan-in Temple in Nara and Yamada Reigan-ji Temple.

• また日光東照宮などに見るように、元禄期の社寺建築技術の隆盛が各地に影響を与えた。
• These butsudan around the country were greatly influenced by such blooming technologies of construction of temples and shrines in the Genroku era as were seen in Nikko Tosho-gu Shrines.

• その他、各地の豪族がそれぞれ新たに創作した家紋が現代まで伝わっているものもある。
• In addition, some Kamon, created by Gozoku (a powerful family (clan)), have been handed down and are still in use.

• サーベル（世界各地）：刃渡り70cm～100cmの場合 600g～2400g程度
• Saber (around the world): In case of 70cm to 100cm long blade, about 600g to 2400g

• 現在、流鏑馬は神社の神事として日本の各地で盛んに行われ、観光の目玉となっている。
• Currently, yabusame is actively performed in many local areas in Japan as a Shinto ritual, and is a main tourist attraction.

• 豊臣、徳川政権は各地の大名に天下普請として自己の城郭建設を積極的に請け負わせた。
• The Toyotomi and Tokugawa governments let daimyo in various parts of Japan build castles positively as Tenkabushin (construction order by the Tokugawa shogunate).

• 的屋という職の減少が日本の各地の縁日の減少に多大な影響を与えている事は否めない。
• It cannot be denied that the decrease of the tekiya profession greatly contributed to the decrease in the number of fairs in local areas of Japan.

• やがて庶民の人気を得ていくうちに、座を組織して公演を催す集団も各地に現れ始めた。
• As their performances became more popular among ordinary people, groups of Sarugaku players were organized in many locations.

• 毎年一般公募で選ばれ、全国各地をまわり愛媛みかんをPRする活動を行っているもの。
• The Ambassadors are selected every year from the public and travel around the country engaging in public relations for Ehime mikan.

• 他にも兵庫県川西市の満願寺 (川西市)の墓、滋賀県長浜市など、各地に伝説がある。
• Other than those, there are legends associated with Kintaro in various locations such as at the grave in the Mangan-ji Temple (Kawanishi City), Kawanishi City, Hyogo Prefecture and Nagahama City in Shiga Prefecture.

• 各地の「七夕祭り」のうち、戦後に始まったものの多くは仙台七夕をモデルとしている。
• Many 'Tanabata Matsuri' that started after the Second World War at many places were organized following the pattern of Sendai Tanabata.

• 以後各地の焼酎メーカーで、米・麦との混和タイプも含めて広く作られるようになった。
• Since then, many shochu makers around the country have produced it including mixed types with rice and barley.

• 藩内各地において同様の装置を設置する構想も立てていたが、翌年の急逝で構想は流れた。
• Although he planned to install similar equipments across the domain, his plan was not materialized as he suddenly died in 1858.

• また、中国各地に書法協会が存在し、公教育から離れた立場で書道の発展に貢献している。
• Furthermore, calligraphy associations exist in various places of China and contribute to the development of Shodo outside of public education.

• 大内氏、若狭武田氏など各地の守護大名が上洛し、都を戦場にした争いが10年間続いた。
• Shugo daimyo of various places in Japan, such as the Ouchi clan and the Takeda clan from Wakasa, came to the capital, Kyoto, and the war for which the capital was the battle field, continued for ten years.

• 伝統野菜（でんとうやさい）とは、各地で古くから栽培・利用されてきた野菜の在来品種。
• Traditional vegetables are vegetables of native varieties that have been cultivated in various places since the ancient times.

• 弘安7年（1284年）上洛し、四条京極の釈迦堂入りし、都の各地で踊り念仏を行なう。
• In 1284, he went up to Kyoto, made a stay at Shaka-do hall (a hall in which a statue of the historical Buddha, Shakyamuni, is enshrined) in Shijo-Kyogoku, and practiced Odori Nenbutsu in places in Kyoto.

• 蒲生は、各地に残る「車塚」という名から、前方後円墳は宮車を模倣したものだと考えた。
• GAMO reasoned from the name 'kurumazuka,' which is found in various places, that keyhole-shaped tumuli were modeled after a kyusha.

• 各地域で最後に建造された前方後円墳はその時期にほとんど差がないことが判明している。
• It has been ascertained that there is little difference among the most recently constructed keyhole-shaped tumulus in each location in terms of date of their construction.

• 大阪府西部・滋賀県南部・三重県から愛知県西部・岡山県南部など各地の搬入土器が出土。
• Clay vessels carried in from various places such as western Osaka Prefecture, southern Shiga Prefecture, Mie Prefecture, western Aich Prefecture and southern Okayama Prefecture, were unearthed.

• 以前は、各地の標本木の蕾をとりそのつど重さを量る方法で各気象台独自で行われていた。
• Forecast used to be made by the respective observatories whereby they weighed buds collected from the sample trees at various locations for every forecast preparation.

• 概要で述べた旧藩による地域ごとの生活習慣によって各地で独特の食文化が発展してきた。
• As mentioned above, unique culinary cultures developed in accordance with the customs of people in each former regional clan.

• 米やワラビ、小麦粉などの粉に砂糖を加え蒸して作るが、主原料の粉は各地により異なる。
• It is made by adding sugar to the powders such as rice, warabi and flour and steaming it, and the kind of powder varies among regions.

• 6月から7月にかけて九州北部の各地で催される祇園祭には、山笠が出されるものが多い。
• Yamakasa are used in many Gion Festivals held from June to July in various regions in the northern part of Kyushu.

• 醤油メーカーの名称はキッコーマンに代表される「キッコー○○」の商標名が各地に多い。
• The names of many soy-sauce manufacturers begin with 'Kikko XX' such as Kikkoman Corporation.

• このような情報は厚生労働省や各地の保健所からインターネットを通じて広報されている。
• Such information is distributed from Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare or local healthcare centers through the Internet.

• 日本各地の酸化銅鉱山では深刻な資源の枯渇にさらされており、銅の価値は上がっていた。
• All copper oxide mines located around Japan had drastic fear of the depletion of resources, which caused a raise in the value of copper.

• この曲のヒットと共にたこ焼きの人気が上がり、ソウル特別市市内各地に屋台が広がった。
• Takoyaki became more popular with the success of this song, and food wagons dealing in takoyaki spread all over Seoul.

• この姿から、かつて日本各地で乳幼児に着用させた菱形の腹掛けもまた「金太郎」と呼ぶ。
• Based on this figure, rhombic bibs used for babies and toddlers all over Japan were also called 'Kintaro.'

• さらに全国各地で日頃の練習の成果を発表する場としてコンサートを積極的に開催している。
• Also, it has been holding concerts throughout Japan for providing opportunities for students to show the results of daily practice.

• - 芭蕉塚とは松尾芭蕉が詠んだ句や立ち寄った日本各地でそれらを記念して立てられた塚。
• -Basho Mounds are the mounds built in various locations in Japan to commemorate poems written by Basho MATSUO and places that he visited.

• 勝浦市内の各地において、ビッグひな祭り実行委員会によって約2週間にわたり開催される。
• It is held for about two weeks by the Big Doll Festival Execution Committee in various places in Katsuura City.

• お月見泥棒（おつきみどろぼう）は各地で行われている子供たちのお月見イベントのひとつ。
• Otsukimi Dorobo is one of the children's moon viewing events held in various regions.

• また荘園公領制の進展に伴って各地の荘園を集積するなど、経済的な支配力も強めていった。
• He also put shoen in many places under his control with the development of shoen koryo sei.

• 鳥羽院政期は全国に多くの荘園が形成され、各地で国務の遂行をめぐって紛争が起きていた。
• It was under the administration of Retired Emperor Toba that many of the shoen took shape throughout the country, and disputes quickly started to spring up all over the place concerning the carrying out of state business vis-à-vis the shoen.

• 戦国時代末期、織田信長などによって平定されるまでは各地に安定した豊かな町が築かれた。
• Until the last days of the Sengoku period, when the Ikko ikki were finally suppressed by Nobunaga ODA and others, Ikko ikki managed to set up and govern peaceful, prosperous neighborhoods all over the country.

• 秀吉は、各地を征服するごとに検地を行い、征服地を確実に把握して全国統一の基礎とした。
• Hideyoshi carried out the land surveys in each area he conquered to understand the extent of the land as a foundation to build a united country.

• 紀元節には、宮中皇霊殿で天皇親祭の祭儀が行われ、各地で神武天皇陵の遙拝式も行われた。
• On Empire Day rites were conducted by the emperor in the Ancestral Spirits Sanctuary of the Imperial Palace and ceremonies to remotely pray to the Imperial Mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu were also held across the country.

• 全国各地で発生した自然災害に対して、ともに悲しみ、被災者をいたわる姿勢を見せている。
• The Emperor Akihito has grieved over the damages caused by natural disasters broke out nationwide along with the nation, having consoled the victims.

• この画との関連性は不明だが、ヤマアラシという名の妖怪は日本各地の民間伝承に見られる。
• Although the connection with the painted Yama-arashi has not been verified, there is folklore on Yokai (specter) Yama-arashi in various places across Japan,

• 義清父子は八ヶ岳山麓の逸見荘へ進出し、子孫は甲府盆地の各地へ土着して諸氏が分出した。
• Yoshikiyo and his son occupied Hemi-sho located at the foot of Mt. Yatsugatake, and their descendants settled at various places in the Kofu basin and became branch families.

• 毎年夏休みなど長期休暇中に子どもたちを対象とした「子ども坐禅会」が各地で開催される。
• Every year, during a long vacation such as the summer vacation, 'kodomo zazenkai (zazen session for children)' for children is held in various places.

• 雲水たちは、各地を遊方し、多数の祖師に就いて修禅することによって、その啓発を受けた。
• Unsui (a postulant awaiting acceptance into a monastery of a novice monk who has undertaken Zen training) traveled to various places and studied Zen with many masters to receive enlightenment from them.

• 共有の性質を有する入会権については、各地方の慣習に従うほか、この節の規定を適用する。
• Rights of common that have the nature of co-ownership shall be governed by local custom and shall otherwise be subject to the application of the provisions of this Section.

• ミサンザイと呼ばれる古墳は他にも各地にあるため、区別するために字名を付けて呼称する。
• Many tumuli across the country are called 'misanzai' and are therefore distinguished by attaching the names of their locality.

• 登呂遺跡など、各地の弥生時代の遺跡からすでに「こと」と思われる残片が見つかっている。
• Broken pieces that are strongly believed to have belonged to 'koto' have been discovered in ruins of the Yayoi period in various districts, such as at the Toro Ruins.

• 台湾台北市の「冰館」（ピングァン、）という店から台湾各地に広がり、日本にも上陸した。
• It spread from a shop named 'Ping Guan' (冰館, Ice Monster) in Taipei City in Taiwan to various places in Taiwan and also landed in Japan.

• 11月中旬：東京の太鼓『撥の響演』（東京都内各地で持ち回り開催）/主催東京都太鼓連盟
• Mid November: Tokyo-no-Taiko (Japanese Drums in Tokyo) 'Bachi-no-Kyoen' (Resonance performance by drumsticks) (various groups in Tokyo take their turn to perform on stage)/sponsored by Tokyo Taiko Foundation

• 武徳会の解散にともない、愛好者によって各地で地方連盟の組織化が進み全国的に波及する。
• With the dissolution of the Butoku Kai, enthusiasts organized local federations in various regions, spreading them nationwide.

• 類似のものはアジア各地に見られるが、中でも日本のものが種類・技法ともに最高峰とされる。
• Similar dyeing cloths are made in various regions across Asia, but among them, Japanese dyeing cloths are said to be the best in kinds and techniques.

• 室町時代、日本にきた朝鮮使節は各地で日本式の抹茶のご馳走を賜りよろこんで記録している。
• There is a record of a Korean envoy who came to Japan in the Muromachi period and was delighted to be treated to Japanese style powdered green tea in various places.

• 塩蔵すれば魚類よりも長期間の保存・輸送に耐えることを活かして、少量は各地に輸送された。
• Salted whale meat lasted better during long-time transportation than salted fishes, and for this feature, small amounts of such meat were transported to various areas.

• その後世界各地に広がり、近年では日本人観光客がいない観光地を探すことの方が困難である。
• Later people's choice spread to various places around the world, and it is now difficult to find a tourist site where you cannot spot any Japanese.

• 西日本の各地の風習としての三社参りは、正月の初詣として、三つの神社を詣でることを指す。
• Sanshamairi which is a custom at various places in western Japan means visits to three Shinto shrines for hatsumode (new year's visit to a shrine) on New Year's Holidays.

• しかし現在でも「獅子舞」や、各地の寺院で行われる「お練供養」にその痕跡をとどめている。
• However, reminiscences of gigaku can be found in other performances of 'shishimai' (Lion dance) and 'Onerikuyo' (the Buddhist ceremonial parade, wearing the masks and costumes of various Bodhisattva) performed in temples around the country.

• 祭礼の形は世界各地で多様な形を示すが、原初の祭は一つの信仰に基づいていたと考えられる。
• Rites and festivals are held in various forms across the world, but, a primitive matsuri is considered to have been based on one belief.

• その後、全国の「一村一品運動」などに影響をあたえ、各地での生産を育む要因となっている。
• Thereafter, many region began to foster production, the main cause of which was the influence of the nationwide 'Isson Ippin Undo' (One Village, One Specialty Movement).

• 日本においては全国各地で作られているが、産業としては8割以上が茨城県で生産されている。
• While hoshi-imo is produced nationwide in Japan, more than 80 percent of hoshi-imo is industrially produced in Ibaraki Prefecture.

• 山形県内各地、青森県八戸市など東北地方、新潟県の中越地方から下越地方などで栽培される。
• They are grown in various areas in Tohoku region including Yamagata Prefecture and Hachinohe City, Aomori Prefecture, as well as in Chuetsu (middle) and Kaetsu (southern) regions of Niigata Prefecture.

• 鳥羽院政期になると荘園整理が全く実施されなくなったため、各地で荘園は爆発的に増加した。
• During the government by the Cloistered Emperor Toba, shoen organization was not conducted, leading to an explosion in the number of shoens around the nation.

• 3世紀中ごろに機内に出現した前方後円墳とそれに伴う墓制が急速に列島各地に広まっていた。
• Large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds appeared around the middle of third century and the use of this grave style spread rapidly throughout the islands of Japan.

• しかし建武政権は武家の支持を得られず、北条一族の残党などは各地で蜂起を繰り返していた。
• However, the Kenmu government failed to gain the support of samurai and the remnants of the Hojo clan repeatedly revolted against the government at various places.

• 5. 唐代から宋 (王朝)にかけて各地で軍事権と行政権を掌握した節度使が本拠とした地。
• 5. From the Tang to Song Dynasty, the military governor who controlled military and civil authorities in various locations was based in this area.

• 公宗は後醍醐暗殺に失敗し誅殺されたが、泰家は逃亡して各地の北条残党に挙兵を呼びかける。
• While Kinmune failed to assassinate the Emperor Godaigo and was killed, Yasuie escaped and called on the remnants of the Hojo clan in various locations to take up arms.

• なお、国の伝統工芸品に指定されている京仏具をはじめとして各地に仏壇、仏具の産地がある。
• Currently, there exist several centers for the production of family Buddhist altars and Buddhist altar fittings, including Kyo-butsugu (Buddhist altar fittings produced in Kyoto) which are designated as national traditional industrial arts.

• この間、日露戦争に際した従軍布教の陣頭指揮にあたり、自身も中国各地を度々慰問している。
• In the meantime, he led his men who were engaged in campaign and missionary work at the Russo-Japanese War, and he often expressed sympathy for the soldiers in locations throughout China.

• 日本各地の寺院にある「善光寺式阿弥陀三尊像」と呼ばれる三尊像も同様の形式のものである。
• Amida triad images of so-called 'Amida triad images of Zenko-ji temple-style,' which are seen in temples across Japan, are of the same style.

• 共有の性質を有しない入会権については、各地方の慣習に従うほか、この章の規定を準用する。
• Rights of common that do not have the nature of co-ownership shall be governed by local customs and shall otherwise be subject to the mutatis mutandis application of the provisions of this Section.

• 以降、現代に至るまで、大きな功徳を求めた願主によって各地に大きな仏像がつくられてきた。
• Since then, large statues of Buddha have been built in many places by people who pursue acts of great piety.

• 豊臣秀吉が天下統一を成し遂げた天正末期より、配下の武将達により各地で築城工事が始まる。
• From the end of the Tensho era when Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI dominated the whole country, subordinate busho (military commanders) started fortification across the nation.

• 他、山梨県増穂町や栃木県茂木町、最も古い産地の埼玉県毛呂山町等、全国各地に産地がある。
• There are also production regions throughout the nation, such as Masuho-cho in Yamanashi Prefecture, Motegi-machi in Tochigi Prefecture and the first production region, Moroyama-machi, in Saitama Prefecture.

• しかし、戦争末期には日本各地で連合国軍の空襲や艦砲射撃が苛烈を極め多くの弓道場が焼失。
• However, toward the end of the war, air raids and naval gunfire by the Allied Forces became fierce in various parts of Japan, and many Kyudo dojo burned down.

• それ以外にも、日本各地には土着の芸能として式三番を継承していった者たちが少なくなかった。
• There were also many others who inherited Shiki Sanban as an indigenous form of entertainment across Japan.

• 近年各地で「そば打ち名人の段位認定」が催されるなど、団塊世代を中心にブームとなっている。
• In recent years, events to certify the soba making skill levels have been organized at various locations and soba making has become a vogue mainly among the baby-boomers.

• 各地で食べられる寿司には様々な種類があり、何れの地域以外ではあまり見られないものも多い。
• Sushi eaten in various places has variety, and many are rarely seen in other regions.

• 鯨類は世界各地で鯨油など多様な利用がされてきたが、鯨肉もその中の重要な用途の一つである。
• Whales have been used by human beings in various ways throughout the world, including use of their oil, and use of whale meat is an important one of them.

• 江戸から発生し、商人などの全国的交流や、出版・教育の普及によって各地に伝えられていった。
• Kasei culture arose in Edo (old Tokyo) and spread to various places along with the nationwide communications among merchants and dissemination of publishing and education.

• その後しばらくは、小規模ながらも各地に洋服の貸し出し店や洋服販売店ができるようになった。
• For a while afterwards, rental shops or sales stores for western clothes appeared little by little across Japan.

• 酉の市（とりのいち）は、例年11月の酉に行われる、各地の鷲神社（おおとりじんじゃ）の祭。
• 'Tori no ichi' is an open-market fair held at Otori-jinja Shrines around the country on the Days of the Cock in November every year.

• この釧路の「炉ばた」のメニューを踏襲した形で、日本各地に炉端焼きの店が広がったとされる。
• It is said that robatayaki restaurants expanded to various places across the country by following the menus of 'Robata' in Kushiro City.

• 棒術はその特性上、身分、階層を問わず広く修練されており、日本各地に多くの流派が存在した。
• Bojutsu has been practiced widely without regard for status and class because of its character, and a lot of schools have appeared in various places of Japan.

• 1950年代、日本の高度成長が始まるにつれて、世界各地に日本食レストランが出来始めたが、
• With the rapid economic growth in Japan, Japanese restaurants were opened worldwide one after another in the 1950s.

• 日本に帰国した後は、教化のため各地を巡国し、遠江国方広寺 (浜松市)などを開創している。
• After he came back to Japan, he visited many places for edification, and he built places like the Hoko-ji Temple in Totomi Province (Hamamatsu City).

• 年貢の減免や村役人の交代などが訴えられたが、とくに幕末期には世直し一揆が各地で頻発した。
• They petitioned for reduction or exemption of nengu (annual tribute, land tax), and change of village officers, and yonaoshi ikki (reform riots) frequently broke out in various regions especially in the end of the Edo period.

• 3. 漢から明代までの中国で、各地に王として封建皇族が軍事と行政の拠点として開いた政庁。
• 3. Government offices which the feudal royal family opened in various areas, as a base of military and public administration within China, from the Han to Ming dynasty.

• これに伴い、日本各地から夫や親族の帰還を待ち望む多くの人々が、舞鶴港へと出迎えに訪れた。
• For this reason, many people who had anxiously longed for the return of their husbands, fathers, sons and relatives came to this port from all over Japan to welcome them.

• 各地方裁判所は、その地方裁判所の職員並びに管轄区域内の簡易裁判所及びその職員を監督する。
• Each District Court shall supervise its officials and Summary Courts within the district over which it has jurisdiction, and officials thereof.

• 京都御所の紫宸殿や平安神宮大極殿のほか各地の城郭建築でもその壮麗な姿を見ることができる。
• Its magnificent forms can be seen in castle buildings in various areas of Japan in addition to Shishin-den Hall (hall for state ceremonies) in Kyoto Imperial Place and Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) in Heian-jingu Shrine.

• 5月ごろから9月ごろまで、鴨川、貴船、高雄、鷹ヶ峯など京都市内各地で楽しむことができる。
• From around May to September, it is possible to enjoy this in various places in Kyoto city such as Kamogawa, Kibune, Takao, and Takagamine.

• 観光ボランティアガイドは、1990年代の前半に注目され始め、1995年以降各地で急増した。
• Tourism volunteer guides began to come to attention in the first half of 1990s and their numbers rapidly increased throughout the country from 1995.

• 祓い人形と同様に身の穢れを水に流して清める意味の民俗事例として、現在も各地で行われている。
• This ceremony is still held in various regions as a folk custom which represents the removal of participants' impurities by throwing them into a river, in the same way as harai-hitogata (purification with a paper doll).

• 味噌は各地の風土・気候を反映されていて、熟成方法などが異なり全国に多様な味噌をもたらした。
• Reflecting the natural features and climate of the region, a variety of miso matured in different ways was developed all over Japan.

• 公宗は後醍醐天皇の暗殺に失敗し誅殺されたが、泰家は逃れ、各地の北条残党に挙兵を呼びかける。
• Kinmune failed his attempted assassination of Emperor Godaigo and was subsequently executed, but Yasuie escaped and began calling together the remnants of the Hojo's military forces from all over the land.

• これらによって守護は、各地の荘園・国衙領の下地進止権（土地支配権）を主張し、獲得していく。
• Thereby, requesting the right to appropriate the land (called Shitaji-shinshi-ken or Tochi-shihai-ken [land ruling right]) of the shoen and the territories of kokuga nationwide, shugo gradually attained land.

• 建武の新政が崩壊した後、後醍醐天皇は各地に自分の皇子を派遣し、味方の勢力を築こうと考えた。
• After the Kenmu Restoration collapsed, Emperor Godaigo dispatched his princes to various regions to gain support forces.

• 嫡男満貞とともに各地を転戦、一時的に南朝 (日本)にも帰順した後、最終的に室町幕府に降る。
• Mitsuyoshi moved from place to place to fight with Mitusada who was his legitimate son, they also obeyed the Southern Court (Japan) for a while, then finally surrendered to the Muromachi bakufu.

• これら巡礼講や三十三度行者の満願を供養した石碑である「満願供養塔」は全国各地に残っている。
• There still remain the 'Mangan Kuyo-to' (memorial towers), which were built for the commemoration of the mangan (completion of the pilgrimage) achieved by these pilgrim groups and sanjusando gyoja.

• そのため中世から近代にかけて近江商人と呼ばれる近江出身の商人が全国各地で活躍するに至った。
• Therefore, merchants from Omi, who were called 'Omi shonin' (Omi merchants) played active roles in various parts of Japan.

• 天台宗が全国に広がる過程で、山王権現も各地に勧請され、多くは天台宗の寺院の鎮守神とされた。
• As the Tendai sect was propagated across Japan, Sanno Gongen was branched and constructed across Japan mostly to be the guardian deity of the Tendai sect temples.

• これによって、各地方の古刹が幕府の命によって、形式的に特定の宗派に編入されることとなった。
• This incorporated the ancient temples of each local community into the hierarchy of a certain sect.

• 現在でも各地の神社では「奉射（ぶしゃ）」・「御弓神事」などと称する弓射行事が行われている。
• Even today, shrines in various places perform Yumiire/Kyusha Gyoji (shooting events) called 'Busha (奉射),' 'Oyumi-Shinji ritual,' etc.

• 主に明治初期に各地で建造された（一部、大正頃のものにも擬洋風的な要素を持つ建造物もある）。
• Examples of this style could be found across the country mainly in the early Meiji period (also some buildings built in the Taisho period have elements of this style).

• しかし蹴鞠の文化が消失した中国とは異なり、現代でも伝統行事として各地で蹴鞠が行われている。
• However, different from China, where the culture of kemari has disappeared, Japan still has kemari games held as traditional events in various places even in the present day.

• このためか兵庫県では出石や篠山市など地元の蕎麦のほかに全国各地の蕎麦を出す店が多く存在する。
• While it is uncertain whether it is attributable to the background above, there are many restaurants that serve soba from every region of the country in addition to those produced in the local areas such as Izushi and Shinoyama City in Hyogo Prefecture.

• 1669年に「料理食道記」という料理書には、日本各地の鯨肉産地(詳細後述)が記載されている。
• In a cooking book titled 'Ryori shokudo-ki' written in 1669, whale meat production area in Japan (to be described later in details) are described.

• 江戸を含め日本各地で12月13日の煤払い（すすはらい）の後は「鯨汁」を食べる習慣が広まった。
• The habit of eating Kujira-jiru (whale or blubber soup) after the end-of-year house cleaning on December 13 spread to various parts of Japan, including Edo.

• 各地の老舗をはじめ鯨料理の専門店が存在するほか、メニューの一つとして取り入れている例もある。
• There are Restaurants specialized in whale-meat-based dishes in various areas including well-established restaurants and also there are some restaurants where whale-meat-based dishes are included in their menu items.

• 徳島県の大野海苔や広島県のかき醤油海苔など、各地で独自の味付けを施した海苔も販売されている。
• Nori originally seasoned in each area including Ono nori in Tokushima Prefecture or Oyster soy-sauce nori (laver) in Hiroshima Prefecture are sold.

• 
  場所の確保等の問題で年々少なくなりつつはあるものの、各地域ごとの神社で行われてきた。
• The number of festivals is decreasing year by year due to difficulty in finding the locations and so on, but still the festivals have been held in each shrine in each region.

• 政局の安定は西日本を中心に商品経済の拡がりをもたらし、各地に定期的な市場が立つようになった。
• The political stability brought expanded trade of commodities especially in western Japan, and markets available at regular intervals sprang up all over the country.

• 以仁王敗死の直後から、以仁王への同調者らによって令旨が各地に雌伏する河内源氏へと伝達された。
• Immediately after the death of Prince Mochihito, his sympathizers passed on his call to Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) members lying in wait across the country.

• また、本所が支配した土地を「本所」と称することもあり、日本各地の本所地名の由来となっている。
• Besides, some places governed by the honjo were also called 'Honjo,' and this is the reason why there are places named Honjo throughout Japan.

• 足利尊氏が建武の新政から離脱し反旗を翻すと、武重は後醍醐天皇の近くに仕え日本各地を転戦した。
• When Takauji ASHIKAGA stepped aside from the Kenmu Restoration and turned against the government, Takeshige, who closely served the Emperor Godaigo, fought numerous battles all over Japan.

• その後、仏教が各地へ広まると、仏教の盛んな地域にも卒塔婆が建てられ仏舎利を祀るようになった。
• Subsequently, Buddhism diffused to other countries, and in the areas of fervent belief stupas were built to honor the Busshari.

• 地域的偏頗はあるもののほぼ全国（海外3）に置かれ、各地における聞法・弘教の拠点となっている。
• Although there is a regional disproportion, it is placed nearly all over Japan (along with three overseas) and plays a role as a base of missionary work in each place.

• 天王洲アイルの「天王洲」など、各地にある「天王」のつく地名の多くは牛頭天王に因むものである。
• Many of the place names that include the word 'Tenno,' such as 'Tennoz Isle,' are derived from Gozu Tenno.

• 伝統的な生活文化を後世に残すため、民家を移築復元した民家園などが各地に作られるようになった。
• Minka parks where minka were transferred to and restored were constructed in many places in order to pass traditional Japanese culture down the generations.

• 全国各地の歴史的建造物・史跡などの観光地の周辺の土産物店で土産物として木刀が販売されている。
• Bokuto are sold as souvenirs throughout the country in souvenir shops at tourist spots, such as historic buildings and sites.

• 海外からの温泉旅行専門のツアーや日本の各地の温泉を紹介する英語版のウェブサイトも見られる.。
• Tours from abroad that specialize in Onsen as well as English web-sites introducing Onsen at various places in Japan are also seen recently.

• それ以外にも北海道弁かるたや津軽弁かるたなど、各地方でCD付きの方言かるたも発売されている。
• Moreover, dialect karuta (with a compact disc) is on sale all over Japan, for example in the Hokkaido dialect and in the Tsugaru dialect.

• すると、各地の素材や郷土料理を活かしたもの、観光地にまつわる物など、より多様なものとなった。
• With this increase, Ekiben became diversified by using local products, local dishes, or something related to a particular tourist spot.

• 別府温泉の別府地獄めぐりの各地獄では卵を温泉で蒸したり茹でたりした温泉卵が名物となっている。
• Each of the Jigoku spring areas on the Beppu Jigoku Meguri (Beppu Hell Tour) of Beppu hot springs has specialty onsen eggs which are steamed or boiled in the hot spring water.

• このように、後半生は京都を中心に各地で活躍、大和でも興福寺の薪猿楽をつとめるなどしていたが、
• Thereafter, he spent his life performing in different areas in and around Kyoto, and providing Takigi sarugaku (sarugaku performed in the light of bonfire) at Kofuku-ji temple in Yamato area.

• 実際、踊り以外でも、演奏にもかなりの違いあることは、各地車のホームページ等でも紹介されている。
• In fact, besides the dance, the fact that there is a great difference even in the music performance is also mentioned on each danjiri website.

• 室町時代に京都で最初に七福神信仰がおこり、それが次第に日本各地に拡がっていったといわれている。
• It is assumed that the first shichifukujin faith started in Kyoto during the Muromachi Period, and then it had gradually spread all over Japan.

• 農薬が普及するまで全国各地で見られたが、現在は火事の危険などから行われなくなったところが多い。
• It used to be seen throughout the nation until pesticide became widely used and today, most areas have stopped it because of the risk of fire.

• こうして、平安時代以降、各地の自衛農民団、もしくは自衛海運業者団としての武士団の発展を促した。
• Thus, many bushidan (samurai group) were organized in the Heian period as self-defense groups for farmers and shipping agents.

• 以上代表的なブランド的な味噌をあげたが、全国各地で味噌は作られているということを付記しておく。
• Although only some representative and famous kinds of miso are listed above, miso are produced all over the country.

• やがて、三人衆軍・筒井軍は退却したものの、以後も大和国内をはじめとする畿内各地で戦闘が続いた。
• Although the troops of the three men and Tsutsui retreated in the meantime, warfare continued in various places in the areas surrounding the capital, including Yamato Province.

• 名田の名称を、田堵本人の名前と同じとする場合が多く、人名のような名田の例は日本各地に見られる。
• Most myoden were named after a tato's name, and there were many myoden whose name sounded like a person's name across the country.

• 公宗らは後醍醐天皇の暗殺に失敗して誅殺されたが、泰家は逃れ、各地の北条残党に挙兵を呼びかけた。
• Although Kinmune and others were killed after they failed to assassinate Emperor Godaigo, Yasuie escaped and appealed to the remnants of the Hojo clan in various places to raise an army.

• 1873年（明治6年）1月29日、神武天皇即位日を祝って、神武天皇御陵遙拝式が各地で行われた。
• On January 29, 1873 the accession of Emperor Jinmu was celebrated across the country by people offering prayers remotely to the Imperial Mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu.

• これは、日本各地に遺された国家・官寺とは無関係な仏教遺跡の存在からも指摘することが可能である。
• This can be likewise indicated by the fact that there are Buddhist remains that had no bearing with the state or state-sponsored temples all over the country.

• 日本各地に仏像を残した遊行僧としては、木喰より1世紀ほど前の時代に活動した円空がよく知られる。
• Enku who worked actively about a century before Mokujiki's time is well-known as a 'yugyo-so' who also left Buddhist statues all over Japan.

• 熊野神は各地の神社に勧請されており、熊野神を祀る熊野神社・十二所神社は日本全国に約3千社ある。
• Kumano no Kami is called on to shrines around the country and there are about 3,000 shrines that enshrine Kumano no Kami, which are called Kumano-jinja Shrine or Junisho-jinja Shrine.

• 663年の白村江の戦いに敗れた倭国は唐・新羅に対する防衛のため、西日本各地に防衛施設を築いた。
• After losing the Battle of Hakusukinoe in 663, Wakoku (later Japan) built defense facilities in various western regions to secure the country against Tang (China) and Silla (Korea).

• また日本酒は、朱印船貿易により東南アジア各地に作られた日本人町やその国の王族などへ輸出された。
• In addition, sake was exported to Japanese quarters and royal families in various places in Southeastern Asia through the trading by shogunate-licensed trading ship.

• 日本全国各地の応神天皇を祀る神社や神功皇后を祀る八幡神社神社も同様に仲哀天皇が無視されている。
• Even at shrines that enshrine Emperor Ojin, and at Hachiman-jinja Shrines that enshrine Empress Jingu throughout Japan, Emperor Chuai is equally ignored.

• 空手は、大正時代にまず沖縄県から他の道府県に伝えられ、さらに第二次大戦後は世界各地に広まった。
• During the Taisho period, karate at first spread from Okinawa Prefecture to other prefectures and then to overseas countries after WWII.

• 水切りは簡単に誰にでも出来る遊びとして各地で行われており、水切りのイベントが行われることもある。
• As a game easy for everyone, mizukiri is played everywhere and mizukiri events are also held.

• 日本においては、岩手県、山梨県、富山県、兵庫県、和歌山県、山口県など各地の伝説や昔話に登場する。
• Shojo appears in folk tales in many parts of Japan, such as Iwate Prefecture, Yamanashi Prefecture, Toyama Prefecture, Hyogo Prefecture, Wakayama Prefecture, and Yamaguchi Prefecture.

• 戦国時代も後期になるにつれ、一種の専門職としての剣術者が認識され、各地を渡り歩くようにもなった。
• Expert swordsmen were recognized as professional personnel in the late Sengoku period, and they began to wander from place to place.

• 稲作を中心とする農耕社会が成立し、北部九州から本州最北端以北を除く日本列島各地へ急速に広まった。
• Agriculture-based society centered on rice cultivation was established and spread rapidly to various parts of the Japanese islands, from northern Kyushu to throughout Honshu, except for the northernmost part of the Honshu and the further northern territories.

• 近年、算額の価値を見直す動きが各地でみられ、一部では算額を神社仏閣に奉納する人びとも増えている。
• Recently, there are movements for reappraising the value of sangaku in various places of Japan and in some areas, the number of people who dedicate sangaku to shrines and temples is increasing.

• 宇都宮氏は下野国が本貫であったため、各地の庶家に対してしばしば下野宇都宮氏といわれることもある。
• Since the birthplace of the Utsunomiya clan was Shimotsuke Province, it is often called the Shimotsuke-Utsunomiya clan to distinguish it from its branch families in other provinces.

• また、天文法華の乱を教訓として、各地の一向一揆に対してもみだりに乱を起こさないように命じている。
• Having learnt his lesson with the Tenbun-hokke riot, he also ordered followers of the Ikko Ikki (League of the Single-Minded, established by members of Jodo-shinshu) school of Buddhism in various places not to riot without good reason.

• この祭場が磐境（いわさか）・磐座（いわくら）などと呼ばれるものであり、現在でも各地に残っている。
• These places are called iwasaka or iwakura, both of which refer to an area a deity sits, and are found all over Japan.

• そして次の垂仁天皇の時代、豊鍬入姫の姪にあたる皇女倭姫命が各地を巡行した後に伊勢国に辿りついた。
• During the reign of next Emperor Suinin, Imperial Princess Yamatohime no Mikoto, or the niece of Toyosukiirihime, reached Ise Province after making a round of visits to various places.

• 上記のような西洋館に刺激されて、次第に各地域でも地元の職人による西洋館が建てられるようになった。
• Stimulated by the seiyo-kan buildings described above, seiyo-kan buildings began to be built by local craftsmen in various regions.

• 桜前線（さくらぜんせん）とは、日本各地のサクラ（主にソメイヨシノ）の開花予想日を結んだ線のこと。
• Cherry Blossom Front is a line graph illustrating the forecasted blooming dates of cherry blossoms (primarily of Someiyoshino (Prunus yedoensis)) in various locations of Japan.

• 近年、焼き鳥に関連したイベントとして、焼き鳥一本の長さを競うイベントが全国各地で開催されている。
• Recently, yakitori-related events which compete for the longest single yakitori have been held across Japan.

• 上記は大まかな分類であり、また、各地の神楽にはこれらの幾つかの要素が入り混じっている場合がある。
• The classification mentioned above is very rough, and, in addition, there are some local kagura which possibly contain a number of mixed features of the various kagura.

• そして、歌舞伎舞踊や日本舞踊にも取入れられているほか、各地の郷土芸能・神事としても保存されている。
• It has not only been incorporated into Kabuki and Japanese dancing, but it has also been preserved as a folk entertainment and a Shinto ritual around the country.

• なお、各地の有名・老舗蕎麦店、立ち食い蕎麦屋、蕎麦チェーン店などについてはそれぞれ関連項目を参照。
• For soba restaurants including those well-known/long-established, stand-up-eating soba noodle shops and soba noodle chains around the country, see also the respective topic.

• また、円卓テーブル上で円環する樋に素麺を流して食べる形式の食事施設も鹿児島県内各地に複数存在する。
• There are several restaurants in many areas in Kagoshima Prefecture where you can eat somen flowing in a circular toi on a round table.

• 時行軍は女影原など各地で鎌倉将軍府の軍勢を撃破、鎌倉から出陣して時行軍を迎撃した足利直義をも破る。
• Tokiyuki's force defeated the army of the Kamakura shogunfu at various places including Onakagegahara, and defeated the army of Naoyoshi ASHIKAGA which came from Kamakura in order to intercept Tokiyuki's force.

• じゃんじゃん火（じゃんじゃんび）またはジャンジャン火（ジャンジャンび）は、奈良県各地に伝わる怪火。
• 'Janjanbi' is a fire of mysterious or suspicious origin which comes down in various regions of Nara Prefecture.

• ただし、天王神社など牛頭天王を祭神とする神社は今でも奈良県京都府新潟県など全国各地に点在している。
• However, in Nara, Kyoto and Niigata prefectures and others nationwide, there still are several shrines, including Tenno-jinja Shrine, that enshrine Gozu Tenno.

• ただ、新しく請来された大蔵経ということで盛んに書写されたため、その転写本が各地に幾らか残っている。
• However, since it was hand-copied eagerly as the newly arrived Tripitaka, copies remain in various places.

• また兄弟子である極楽寺 (鎌倉市)の忍性とともに各地の国分寺を再興して西大寺・極楽寺の末寺とした。
• He also restored provincial monasteries in various places together with his senior apprentice Ninsho from Gokuraku-ji Temple (Kamakura City) and made these monasteries branch temples of Saidai-ji Temple and Gokuraku-ji Temple.

• イカの漁獲がある日本各地で製造されているが、近年ではベトナムやタイ王国からの輸入品も増加している。
• Sureme is produced in various areas across Japan having the fisheries of squids, however, the import from countries such as Vietnam and Thailand has recently increased.

• そのために花月楼とよばれる八畳敷きに一間床の広間が好まれ、江戸をはじめ各地に写しの茶室が造られた。
• As a consequence, a larger room consisting of 8 tatami mats and a toko (a little alcove) that is 1.8 m referred to as Kagetsuro became popular which was reproduced in various locations including Edo.

• 1980年頃にはすっかり日本各地で普及するに至り、寿司は家族で訪れるような庶民性も取り戻していった。
• In around 1980, due to such sushi bars and shops completely became popular in various places in Japan and was visited by families, sushi regained the common touch.

• 祭囃子、神楽、獅子舞等、各地の祭礼に古来から用いられてきた篠笛を便宜的に「囃子用」「古典調」と呼ぶ。
• Shinobue which have been used since ancient times for the rites and festivals in various places such as matsuri-bayashi (Japanese music), kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrines), and shishimai (lion dance) are called 'hayashi-yo' (lit. for hayashi (musical accompaniment played on traditional Japanese instruments)) shinobue or 'koten-cho' (lit. classical style) shinobue.

• 明治時代に来日したイギリス人アトキンソンは、1881年に日本各地の酒屋でこの火入れの様子を観察した。
• An Englishman named Atkinson, who visited Japan in the Meiji period, watched this heating process at sake breweries in various parts of Japan in 1881.

• 正盛は主に、北面武士・検非違使・追討使といった国家権力の爪牙として活躍するが、各地の受領も歴任した。
• Masamori was mainly active as part of the military arm of the nation, such as Hokumen no bushi, Kebiishi (statutory office in the Heian and Kamakura periods), and Tsuitoshi, but also held positions as an officer at various provinces.

• この挙兵はすぐに鎮圧されたが、平家支配に潜在的な不満を抱いていた各地の武士・豪族層が次々に挙兵した。
• Although it was soon crushed, many warriors and powerful regionals who had been discontent with the Taira government rose in arms one after another.

• 修学者の多くが、各地の寺子屋教師となっていた足利学校のように、寺子屋の教師を養成する学校すらあった。
• Many students that finished their schooling went on to schools to train teachers for Terakoya such as the Ashikaga gakko, which trained Terakoya teachers who taught throughout Japan.

• その一方で農村部では各地に存在した荘園は戦国大名や国人領主による押領の対象となり、荘園制は解体する。
• On the other hand, in agricultural community areas, shoen (manor in medieval Japan) existed in various districts became objects of seizure by sengoku daimyo and kokujin ryoshu and the shoen system was broken down.

• 更に戦中、細川氏が山名氏領国を混乱させるため武将を送り込んだために争いの火種が各地でくすぶり続けた。
• In addition, as the Hosokawa clan sent during the Disturbance, busho (Japanese military commanders), into the territories of the Yamana clan to cause confusion in the territory, causes of conflict continued to exist in various places.

• これに対して旧南朝側では北朝側の皇統は断絶しており、傍流の継承は認めないとして各地で蜂起を起こした。
• The Southern Court was against it, and said they would not accept the Imperial succession of the Northern Court as their Imperial lineage had already discontinued, they raised revolts in many places.

• また、壁画が焼損した1月26日は文化財防火デーと定められ、日本各地の社寺等で消火訓練が行われている。
• Additionally, January 26, when the murals were damaged by fire, became Bunkazai Boka Day (Cultural Property Fire Prevention Day), and temples and shrines were to participate in fire-fighting exercises throughout Japan.

• この法律が制定された背景には、各地の城郭の荒廃や旧大名家の所蔵品の散逸などが懸念されたことがあった。
• This law was enacted to address concerns that castles in various places were deteriorating and that the items of the old territorial lord families were being scattered or lost.

• 建治2年（1276年）には九州各地を念仏勧進し、他阿らに会い、彼らを時衆として引き連れるようになる。
• In 1276, traveling around Kyushu for nenbutsu kanjin (temple solicitation through invocation), Ippen met Ta and others who later accompanied him as Jishu priests.

• 先述のとおり、地域おこし・地域活性化の手段・ツールとして郷土料理を活用する動きが日本各地でみられる。
• As is mentioned above, local dishes are being used throughout Japan as a way to boost the development or revitalization of local communities.

• 祭囃子は祭に付随する音楽を総称したもので、各地域にあるそれぞれの祭に密着して発展してきたものである。
• Matsuribayashi is a general term that refers to music associated with festivals and as such, its development is closely linked with festivals of various regions in Japan.

• 近年、関東でも関西風お好み焼き店が増えており、その客も関西出身に限らず関東や日本各地の出身者も多い。
• Nowadays, also in the Kanto region, Kansaifu-okonomiyaki shops have increased and the customers are not limited to people who come from Kansai and many are from Kanto or various other regions in Japan.

• 鎌倉時代以後、武士や庶民などを中心に広まり、各地に禅寺（ぜんでら、禅宗寺院）が建てられるようになった。
• After the Kamakura period, it had spread mainly among samurai and common people and Zen temples (temples belonging to the Zen sect) were built in various places.

• 隠元には、後水尾天皇を始めとする皇族、幕府要人を始めとする各地の大名、多くの商人たちが競って帰依した。
• Emperor Gomizunoo, the Imperial family members, senior officials of the bakufu, rural feudal lords, and many merchants became believers of the Obaku Sect of Ingen.

• 日本では各地に「○○大仏」と称する仏像があるが、何メートルから「大仏」と称するかという基準は特にない。
• In Japan there are statues of Buddha that are called '○○Daibutsu' in many places, but there is no standard as to how large one should be in order to be called 'Daibutsu.'

• 柳田国男は『ダイダラ坊の足跡』（4月中央公論社）で日本各地から集めたダイダラボッチ伝説を考察している。
• In the book titled 'Daidarabo no Ashiato' (the foot print of Daidarabocchi) (April issue, Chuo Koronsha), Kunio YANAGITA studied the legends of Daidarabocchi that he had gathered from many parts of Japan.

• 各地に広まった萬歳は、後に能や歌舞伎などの要素を取り入れたりしたことによって、さらに衣装が多様化した。
• The manzai spread across Japan became more diversified in its costume by incorporating the elements of 'noh' or 'kabuki' later.

• その中から心身ともに優れた美少女のみを集めて歩き巫女に仕立て、隠密として各地に放ったのがくノ一である。
• Among such children, only those who were sound in mind and body were selected, and they were made into arukimiko and sent to various places as onmitsu (spies).

• このほか、駒ヶ根市、前橋市、桐生市、福島県会津若松市などの各地で、地元の名物料理として親しまれている。
• Aside from Fukui, sauce katsudon are enjoyed as a local specialty in the Komagane City, Maebashi City, Kiryu City as well as Aizuwakamatsu City of Fukushima Prefecture.

• そのため、各地にご当地音頭も多く存在し、自治体や商工会など作成したオリジナルの地域的音頭も珍しくない。
• Accordingly, there are many local communities throughout Japan that have their own folk songs for a dance featuring their particular localities; it's not at all rare for a municipality, or a chamber of commerce and industry, to compose an original local folk song for the dance.

• 聖武天皇（在位724年 - 749年）は勅令をもって、全国各地の農村から相撲人をなかば強制的に募集した。
• Emperor Shomu (whose reign was from 724 to 749) issued an Imperial order in order to almost forcibly recruit sumo wrestlers from rural communities throughout the country.

• 原料の毛は中華人民共和国やカナダから輸入され、軸は国内各地の竹と中国や台湾からの輸入品が使用されている。
• The fur as material is imported from China and Canada, and the stem is made of bamboo from various areas in Japan and imports from China and Taiwan.

• 当初は大名などの玩具である数寄物であったが、次第に見世物として人気を呼ぶようになり、日本各地に普及した。
• At first, it was owned only by daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) and others as a toy of refined taste, but as it was shown to the public and gained popularity, it spread nationwide.

• この時代は、農業生産力が向上するとともに、地域国家内の流通が発達し、各地に都市が急速に形成されていった。
• During this period, the power to produce agricultural products increased, then these products became circulated more actively within each regional nation, and urban areas were rapidly formed in various parts of Japan.

• 南北朝時代 (日本)の全国的な動乱を経て、畿内に発生した村落という新たな結合形態は各地へ拡大していった。
• Through nationwide wars in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), a new style of connection called a village, which appeared in the Kinai region, spread to other regions.

• また、砂漠緑化や農業指導などは、日本など発生国以外の国も協力可能であり、実際に各地で活動が行われている。
• The nations where no kosa is produced, such as Japan, can also aid the activities to plant trees in deserts and to guide farming methods, and such activities have actually been done in various places.

• その後、禅宗の地方展開と共に各地に設立され、今日もなお、永平寺や建長寺等で修行道場として使用されている。
• So-to halls went on to be constructed throughout Japan following the geographical spread of Zen Buddhism, and they continue to be used as places of ascetic practice at temples including Eihei-ji Temple and Kencho-ji Temple.

• 日本では狩猟用の獲物として飼育していたキジやヤマドリを放すことが、日本各地の猟友会により続けられている。
• In Japan, ryoyukai (hunting associations) across Japan continue to release pheasants and copper pheasants which were reared as game for hunting.

• 町屋の原型を保ちつつ現代風に改装された飲食店や雑貨店、公共文化施設、社寺が町内各地に点在するようになる。
• Restaurants and general stores that were the refurbished machiya to offer modern features while maintaining their original form, public cultural facilities, temples and shrines began to dot various areas of the town.

• 城のほとんどが平山城・平城に移行するのは、一国一城令によって各地の山城を破却する江戸時代以降の事になる。
• It was after the Edo period when most castles became flatland castles or low mountain castles due to the Ikkoku Ichijo Rei (Law of One Castle per Province) that ordered to destroy mountain castles throughout the country.

• 先般城塞等ノ儀ニ付相達候次第モ有之候処、各地方旧城郭ノ内別紙陸軍省所轄ヲ除ノ外総テ当省ノ所轄ニ被仰付候。
• A notice has recently been issued regarding castles etc., and among castles in each region, all castles other than those to be managed by the Department of War as in Supplement have been directed to be managed by Okura-sho.

• 現代の世界各地ではスポーツや心身鍛錬として、洋弓によるアーチェリー競技や、和弓の弓道がよく行われている。
• Now in various parts of the world, archery games with Yokyu (Western-style archery) and Kyudo with the Japanese bow have been often performed as sports or a method of training the body and the mind.

• ギリシア神話のゼウス、ローマ神話のジュピター、北欧神話のトールなど、世界各地の神話に「雷の神」が現れる。
• God of lightning' appears in the world's mythologies such as Zeus of Greek mythology, Jupiter of Roman mythology, Thor of Norse mythology.

• 伊勢神宮や熱田神宮の神人が各地を巡って（回檀）、神札を配り、竃祓いや村の辻での悪魔祓いとして行った神楽。
• Dai-kagura is a kind of kagura performed by jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) of Ise-jingu Shrine and Atsuta-jingu Shrine, who travel around the country to visit various local shrines (kaidan (literally, circuit ritual services)) and distribute talismans, as kamado-harai (purification of cooking ovens) and akuma-barai (expulsion of devils) to be performed on the street of a village.

• 書院紙は、障子の格子幅に併せて漉かれたが、障子の格子の幅は各地域でまちまちで規格が統一されていなかつた。
• Shoingami was made and sized according to a coffer width, which varied by districts and was not standardized.

• 長い鎖国が解かれ、明治になると移民として南米へ、北米へと渡る者も多く、各地で日本人コミュニティが生まれた。
• When the long national isolation ended and the Meiji period started, many Japanese people emigrated to South America and North America as immigrants, and Japanese communities were established in various places.

• 現代に残るホンナレは、ほぼ滋賀県の「ふなずし」に限られるが、ナマナレは日本各地に郷土料理として残っている。
• Honnare mostly remains only as 'Funa-zushi' in Shiga Prefecture, but namanare remains as a local dish in various places in Japan.

• 各地には瓦屋（がおく）と呼ばれる瓦を生産、供給する役所が設けられ、決められた寺院や役所に瓦を納品していた。
• The governmental offices called Gaoku were located throughout the country for producing and supplying Kawara tiles, and they supplied Kawara tiles to predetermined temples and government offices.

• 関八州の各地で生まれた彼らは、それぞれに辛酸を嘗めながら、因縁に導かれて互いを知り、里見家の下に結集する。
• Born in different places within Kanhasshu (the Eight Provinces of Kanto region), they get to know each other guided by the fate while experiencing hardships, and gather together under the Satomi family.

• 「思潮」創刊、「主婦の友」創刊、「浅草オペラ」時代はじまる、各地の展覧会で裸体画の摘発、「中島飛行機」設立
• The first publication of 'Shicho' (thought of the times) and 'Shufu no tomo' (Friend of housewives), the beginning of the 'Asakusa Opera' times, the prosecution of nude portraits in various exhibitions, and the establishment of 'Nakajima airplane Co., Ltd.'

• 天皇制は昭和天皇の各地への行幸や明仁結婚などのイベントを通して大衆に浸透し、一定の支持を得るに至っている。
• People accepted the Tennosei through events such as the Emperor Showa's visits to various places and Akihito's wedding ceremony and the Tennosei is receiving reasonable support.

• これらはその土地の気候・風土によって様々な形態があるが、調理用の常設の炉が世界各地に古くから存在している。
• Although the shape varies depending on the climate and natural weather of the region, permanent fireplaces for cooking have been in existence all over the world for a long time.

• 淡々斎はまた各地の寺院・神社にて献茶・供茶を行ったり、海外への普及に取り組んだりと、茶道振興に功が大きい。
• Tantansai is also credited with promoting the tea ceremony through tea offerings at shrines and temples everywhere in Japan as well as engaging in its dissemination activities abroad.

• その後、飛鳥時代から奈良時代にかけて、唐や新羅の侵攻に備えて西日本各地に古代山城（朝鮮式山城）が築かれた。
• From the Asuka to the Nara periods, invasions from the Tang Dynasty China and the Korean Silla Kingdom led to the construction of ancient mountain castles (Korean style mountain castles) throughout Western Japan.

• 日本では、各地の仏教寺院や神社などに木造の三重塔や五重塔があり、地区のランドマークとなっているものも多い。
• Local Buddhist temples and shrines have wooden Gojunoto and Sanjunoto in Japan, many of which are landmarks of their regions.

• 日本では、各地の仏教寺院や神社などに木造の五重塔や三重塔があり、地区のランドマークとなっているものも多い。
• Local Buddhist temples and shrines have wooden Gojunoto and Sanjunoto (three-storey pagoda) in Japan, many of which are landmarks of their regions.

• 「腐竹」は河南省の長葛腐竹、湖南省の永興腐竹、広西チワン族自治区の桂林腐竹など、各地に産地が点在している。
• Fuchu' is produced in various locations in China including Kanan Province where it is known as Changge fuzhu (the yuba of Changge City), Hunan Province where it is known as Yongxing fuzhu (the yuba of Yongxing Prefecture) and the Municipality of Guangxi Zhuangzu where it is known as Guilin fuzhu (the yuba of Guilin City).

• そして世界各地には自然と共生をはかり、慎ましやかに暮らしている狩猟民族が、今日も日々の糧を弓矢で得ている。
• In addition, hunters who try to live together with nature and live humbly get food for living by Yumiya even today.

• その後徳島藩でもサトウキビが育てられるようになり、その品種改良に力を注ぎ、領内各地で栽培できるまでなった。
• After that Tokushima Domain also started to grow sugarcane and poured energy to breed, consequently made it possible to grow various places in the domain.

• が、昭和に入り煎茶道を復興しようとする動きが各地で盛んとなり、1956年には全日本煎茶道連盟が設立される。
• However, during the Showa era, a new movement to revive sencha-do grew everywhere in the country, and in 1956, Zen nihon senchado renmei was founded.

• 11月23日（祝）：東京多摩太鼓祭り（東京都多摩地区内各地で持ち回り開催）/主催東京多摩太鼓祭り運営理事会
• November 23 (national holiday): Tokyo Tama Taiko-matsuri Festival (various groups in Tokyo take their turn to perform on stage)/sponsored by the steering board of directors for Tokyo Tama Taiko-matsuri Festival

• 平成15年度の全日本弓道連盟による調査では、全国各地区の弓道連盟（地連）の登録人数は約12万6千人である。
• According to a study by the All Nippon Kyudo Federation in 2003, the number of registered Kyudo federations (local federations) nationwide was around 126,000.

• 絣は現在でも日本各地で織られており、洋服・ネクタイ・鞄・壁掛けなどの装飾やその他小物などにも利用されている。
• Kasuri is still weaved in many parts of Japan even today, and it is used for clothes, ties, bags, ornaments such as wall hangings, and for small items.

• 各地侍が勢力を保つため情報収集戦とゲリラ戦が日夜行われ、「忍術」が自然発生したのではないかと考えられている。
• It is considered that 'Ninjutsu' arose spontaneously in the condition that each jizamurai always fought an information war and a guerrilla war to maintain power.

• また、紀和国境の果無峠は、前述の通り、龍神・熊野・高野および大峯の各地を結ぶ交通路として利用され続けていた。
• As explained above, Hatenashi Pass at the boundary of Kiwa continued to be used as a community road connecting Ryujin, Kumano, Koya and Omine.

• 律令に基づいて各地に軍団 (古代日本)が設置されると、物部・大伴両氏に代わって軍団が軍事を担うこととなった。
• When cohorts (in ancient Japan) were formed under the ritsuryo codes, these cohorts took charge of military affairs instead of the Mononobe and the Otomo clans.

• 1926年（大正15年）からは青年団や在郷軍人会などを中心とした建国祭の式典が各地で開催されるようになった。
• From 1926 National Foundation Festivals were held across the country, centered around young men's associations and veterans' associations at the core.

• 大韓民国気象庁は、各地域の梅雨入りや梅雨明けの発表を行っており、事前に梅雨入りや梅雨明けの予想も行っている。
• Korea Meteorological Administration announces tsuyuiri and tsuyuake of each region and carries out also forecast of tsuyuiri and tsuyuake in advance.

• 小京都（しょうきょうと）とは、古い町並みや風情が京都市に似ていることから、各地に名づけられた街の愛称である。
• Little Kyoto is a nickname given to towns and cities around Japan that resemble Kyoto City in their old streets and atmosphere.

• 奈良時代に各地から上納された米穀や物品などを保管するため、大蔵省をはじめとする役所に設けられたものであった。
• They were built in administrative offices (including the Treasury Ministry, or 'Okurasho' in Japanese) to keep rice and other articles from different regions, which were paid as a tax during the Nara period.

• ヤマト王権最初の大王墓であり各地にも纒向型前方後円墳が築造され、政治的関係で結ばれていたとも考えられている。
• That was the first tomb of a great king in the Yamato Sovereignty, and the Makimuku style tumuluses were built in other regions, which suggest the establishment of political alliances throughout Japan.

• また各流派には宗家以外にも江戸期に各地の大名家に仕えて能楽の技術指導を行ってきた由緒ある家柄が存在している。
• Besides Soke, there are families that traditionally provided technical instructions of Nohgaku to Daimyo families (feudal lord families) in each school during the Edo period.

• 日本の武術流派では、明治以前には宗家と言う言葉は使用されておらず、各地の門弟を統率するような存在は無かった。
• In Japanese martial arts schools, the term Soke was not used before the Meiji period, and there were no Soke-like positions, which govern disciples nationwide.

• 各地では反乱の火の手が燃え盛り、後白河も院政停止・幽閉を経たことで平氏に不満を通り越して憎しみを抱いていた。
• In various places, rebellions were becoming more and more intense and, after experiencing suspension of cloister government and confinement, Goshirakawa had not only dissatisfaction against the Taira clan but even hatred.

• 室町時代、会津・元現寺を開いた玄翁和尚が、殺生石を破壊し、破壊された殺生石は各地へと飛散したと伝われている。
• It is said that in the Muromachi period, Genno osho who opened Gengen-ji Temple in the Aizu district destroyed Sesshoseki, and pieces of the destroyed Sesshoseki flew to various parts of Japan.

• 各地でボランティアガイドの養成講座が行われており、一定の課程を修了すると認定書等がもらえる仕組みになっている。
• A system exists in which volunteer guide courses are conducted throughout the country and a certificate is awarded to those who complete a certain curriculum.

• 『今昔物語集』などの当時の説話には、相撲節会におもむく全国各地の力士たちにまつわるエピソードが紹介されている。
• Literature from those days such as 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu' (The Tale of Times Now Past) includes some episodes about sumo wrestlers who went to the Imperial Court to attend Sumai no Sachie from various regions throughout Japan.

• また、日本各地にも同系統の民話が伝えられており、『日本昔話事典』では、これらを「飴は毒」型として分類している。
• Among similar folk stories in various regions in Japan, it is classified as 'candy is poison' in 'Nihon Mukashibanashi Jiten' (dictionary of tales of old Japan).

• - 古い時代の遺跡としても有名で世界各地の海浜部でみられ文字通り、貝を中心とした食物残滓が堆積したものである。
• - Being well known as the remains of ancient times, shell mounds literally are piles of food waste consisting chiefly of shells, which are seen in coastal areas throughout the world.

• とくに江戸時代末期に開発されたソメイヨシノ（染井吉野）は、明治以降、全国各地に広まり、サクラの代名詞となった。
• Especially Someiyoshino, which was developed in the late Edo period, has spread widely throughout the country since the Meiji period and been a typical cherry tree in Japan.

• 愛媛県を代表する祭りとして、新居浜市の太鼓台、西条市のだんじりとともに、各地のイベント等に出場することがある。
• Ushioni sometimes appears in events held across the country as a typical example of the festivals held in Ehime Prefecture, along with Taikodai (a large float used to carry taiko [drums]) of Niihama City and Danjiri (a float with a decorative portable shrine) of Saijo City.

• 清盛の死後、跡を継いだ宗盛は後白河との融和路線を採り、各地の叛乱も平氏の反撃と養和の大飢饉で小康状態となった。
• After Kiyomori's death, Munemori became the clan head and took a reconciliatory stance with Goshirakawa, and there were less rebellions because of the counterattack by the Taira clan and the great famine of Youwa.

• 廃刀令以降、1877年の薩摩士族の反乱である西南戦争まで、各地で新政府の政策に不平を唱える士族反乱が起こった。
• Shizoku no hanran (a revolt by families or persons with samurai ancestors) was instigated by families or persons who were the ancestors of samurai and complained about the new government's policies in various parts of the country after the issue of a decree banning the wearing of swords, until 1877 when Seinan War, a revolt by families or persons with samurai ancestors in Satsuma, occurred.

• 更には太閤検地、刀狩、身分統制令、貨幣統一を達成して、これまで各地ばらばらであった日本の全てを一つにまとめた。
• In addition, he achieved taiko kenchi (the cadastral surveys conducted by Hideyoshi), katanagari (disarmament of farmers), social status regulation edict, unification of currency, unifying everything in Japan which were different region by region.

• 宮内省（当時）が近畿各地の寺社旧家や、有力な伝説地などの調査を行なったが陵墓に関わる資料は発見に至らなかった。
• Although the Imperial Household Ministry (now the Imperial Household Agency) investigated temples, old houses and places appearing in legends in Kinki region, no materials were found that convey information on his mausoleum.

• もちろん、各地の温浴施設の繁盛、部屋数10～20と決して大規模ではないが人気で予約をとりにくい温泉旅館もある。
• All that said, in reality, these warm bath facilities are very popular across the country, and there are some relatively small onsen-ryokan with ten to twenty rooms that are so popular that you will have a hard time to make reservations.

• 各高等裁判所、各地方裁判所及び各家庭裁判所に事務局長を置き、裁判所事務官の中から、最高裁判所が、これを補する。
• In each High Court, District Court and Family Court, there shall be a Chief of Secretariat, who shall be assigned to the position by the Supreme Court from among court administrative officials.

• 世界各地の国家覇権による軍事史においては、様々な軍事兵法として用いられその効果は兵法書や絵画などで伝承される。
• In the history of militaries in various parts of the world it had been used by nations in various strategies, and the effects had been transmitted through books on strategy, pictures and so on.

• また、新聞、雑誌などのメディアや鉄道など交通機関の発達は各地に新しい文化を広め、庶民生活に大きな影響を与えた。
• In addition, the development of media such as newspapers and magazines, and transportation facilities such as railroad spread a new culture across the country, and this new culture had a great influence on the common people's lives.

• 陽明学派としては、中江藤樹が一家を構え、その弟子である熊沢蕃山が岡山藩において執政するなど各地に影響を残した。
• In the Yomei school, Toju NAKAE gained authority and influenced various parts of the country, including his disciple, Banzan KUMAZAWA, who became an administrator in Okayama Domain.

• したがって、鯨油を灯油や防虫資材として各地へ供給する一方、肉は主として地元で消費するといった形になったとされる。
• Therefore, it is said that whale meat was mostly consumed in the area where the meat was produced, while whale oil was supplied to various parts of Japan as lamp oil or insect-resistant materials.

• とくに杜氏は人的需要が間に合わず、出張というかたちで各地の酒蔵を転々とし、現地の人材を指導して回ったりしていた。
• In particular, the supply of toji personnel could not catch up with its demand, so toji people had business trips to visit one brewer after another in many locations and gave instruction to local people.

• 商業的に売り上げの落ちる1月後半～2月初旬の販売イベントとして、主にコンビニエンスストアを中心として各地で展開。
• As a sales event from late January until early February, which is commercially a period of depressed sales, sale of ehomaki expanded with a central focus on mostly convenience stores.

• 10世紀前期に従来の租税収取体系が変質したことに伴い、権門層（有力貴族・寺社）は各地に私領（私営田）を形成した。
• With the change in the tax collecting system in the 10th century, influential classes (influential aristocracy, temples and shrines) took over private land (shieiden: lands directly governed by such powers) in many places.

• 平氏政権は、貴族社会の中で成立したが、各地に地頭や国守護人を設置するなど最初の武家政権としての性格を持っていた。
• Although the Taira clan government was established under an aristocratic society, it had some similarities to the first military government, such as the setting up of jito (manager and lord of manor) and provincial officers in many places.

• やがて室町時代以降は堺市、天王寺、京都など近畿各地に、それぞれの地名を冠した『○○諸白』なる酒銘が多数誕生する。
• From the Muromachi period, it became that many sake brands with names consisting of the production district and the term 'moro-haku' were produced throughout the Kinki region in places such as Sakai, Tennoji and Kyoto.

• 各地に残る味噌には、戦国武将の考案によるものとされるものがある（上杉謙信の越後国味噌、伊達政宗の仙台味噌など）。
• Some of the miso remained in various areas supposed to be created by the busho (Japanese military commanders) during the Sengoku period (including Echigo miso of Kenshin UESUGI, Sendai miso of Masamune DATE etc.).

• 各地域での桜の開花予想日は毎年3月に気象庁から発表され、同じ日に開花予想された地域を結んだ線は桜前線と呼ばれる。
• In every March, the Japan Meteorological Agency announces the timetable for the blooming of cherry blossoms all over Japan, and the line connecting the areas where the blossoms will bloom on the same date is called the cherry blossom front.

• 内裏や貴族の邸宅も徐々に整備されて遷都も軌道に乗るかと思われたが、8月になってから全国各地で反乱が頻発していた。
• As the imperial palace and residences of nobles were gradually prepared and improved, the transfer of the capital seemed to have started along the right lines, but, in August, rebellions occurred frequently in various places in the country.

• 事態打開のため、各地に摂関家領荘園を形成して経済基盤の建て直しを図るが、法皇の警戒を招き荘園の拡大は抑制される。
• To resolve the situation, the family of Regents formed ryo-shoen (private estates) in various regions and planned to restructure the basis of the economy, but this drew the attention of the Cloistered Emperor, who curtailed expansion of the estates.

• 蜂楽饅頭の本社は熊本市であるが、子会社が福岡県・鹿児島県・宮崎県など九州各地に存在し同じブランド名で販売している。
• The headquarters of the Horaku manju maker is in Kumamoto City, but its subsidiaries are in various places in the Kyusyu region, such as Fukuoka, Kagoshima and Miyazaki and sell the manju under the same brand name.

• 草加宿が日光街道の宿場町として発展したことに伴い、この塩味の煎餅が旅人向けの商品として売り出され、各地に広まった。
• As Soka-juku developed as a relay station on the Nikko-kaido Road, this salty senbei was sold more to travelers and became widely known everywhere.

• 北辰一刀流剣術・神道無念流剣術・心形刀流・鏡心明智流・天然理心流剣術等、新興の試合稽古重視の流派が各地に誕生した。
• Schools which placed emphasis on training matches, such as Hokushin Itto-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinto Munen-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinkageto-ryu School, Kyoshin Meichi-ryu School and Tennen Rishin-ryu Kenjutsu, were established in various places.

• 更に各地で米以外の特産物も盛んに生産されるようになり、山城国・大和国の茶や紀伊国の蜜柑などが知られるようになった。
• Also, in various places, production of indigenous products other than rice began and tea from the Yamashiro and Yamato Province and mandarin oranges of the Kii Province were well-known.

• 義貞の戦死後、三男新田義宗が家督を継ぎ、異母兄の新田義興と共に足利家の内乱である観応の擾乱に乗じて各地を転戦する。
• After the death of Yoshisada in the battle, his third son, Yoshimune NITTA succeeded to the family estate, and fought battles in various places jointly with his older paternal half-brother, Yoshioki NITTA under cover of the Kanno Disturbance, a domestic conflict of the Ashikaga clan.

• 空海とともに平安時代初期の仏教界で活動した最澄は法華経千部を安置する塔を日本各地の6か所に建立することを計画した。
• Saicho, who is considered to have been one of the most active Buddhist priests in the early Heian period along with Kukai, also planned to build six pagodas in various parts of Japan in order to house 1000 copies of the Lotus Sutra.

• 弘法大師に関する伝説は、北海道を除く日本各地に5,000以上あるといわれ、歴史上の空海の足跡をはるかに越えている。
• It is said that more than 5,000 legends about Kobo Daishi exist throughout Japan, by far exceeding the number of sites where Kukai actually visited.

• また、これに呼応して各地の門徒も蜂起し、伊勢国長島願証寺の一揆（長島一向一揆）は尾張の小木江城を攻め滅ぼしている。
• Responding to this, Monto rose in revolt around the nation, and the uprising by Gansho-ji Temple in Nagashima in Ise Province (Nagashima Ikko-Ikki) brought down Kokie Castle in Owari Province.

• それぞれの段階で他地域に伝播された結果、また各地域で工夫をこらした結果、現在のように多様な姿の山笠が存在している。
• At present, there is a diversity in the styles of yamakasa after it was spread to other regions in each phase of development and it was further developed individually in each region.

• 3世清水道竿門下の斎藤頼母（1670年～1716年）は5000石の旗本で、現在各地の清水派に連なる要の人物である。
• Tanomo SAITO (1670 - 1716), who was a hatamoto with 5000 koku and a student of Dokan SHIMIZU the third, is a key person for the Shimizu-ha branch in various regions around the country.

• 元来、単純な発想の料理であるためか「誕生のきっかけ」とされるエピソードが各地に複数語り継がれているのも確かである。
• It is true that many stories about 'how the recipe came about' have been told in many places perhaps because it basically derives from a simple idea.

• このため、古代には赤米を蒸したものを神に供える風習があったようである（現在でもこの風習は各地の神社に残っている）。
• Accordingly, in ancient times people were reportedly accustomed to offering steamed red-kernelled rice to the deity, and even today this custom is practiced by shrines in various regions.

• しかし以仁王の令旨が全国各地に飛び火して、8月には伊豆に流されていた源頼朝、それとほぼ同時期に甲斐源氏が挙兵する。
• Meanwhile, however, a written order issued by Prince Mochihito was communicated across the country, and in August, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who had been deported to Izu, and Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan) raised an army around the same time.

• 栃の実の灰汁抜きは手間と時間が掛かり、また各地方・家庭で受け継がれているコツなどもあるため、未経験者にはやや難しい。
• Since it requires time and effort and also each district and home has its skills inherited, removal of harshness from conkers is a little difficult for inexperienced persons.

• 10世紀に北宋で選ばれた瀟湘八景がモデルとなり、影響を受けた台湾、朝鮮、日本など東アジア各地で八景が選定されてきた。
• On the model of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang which were selected in Baisong in the 10th century, Eight Views have been selected under its influence in various places of East Asia, including Taiwan, Korea, Japan and so on.

• バブル期は総合保養地域整備法（通称リゾート法）の制定もあり、各地にゴルフ場、リゾートホテル、マリーナ等が計画された。
• During the bubble economy, the Law for Development of Comprehensive Resort Areas (Resort Law) was enacted, and people planned to build golf courses, resort hotels and marinas in many places.

• その後、東京ディズニーランド（TDL）の盛況にならって、各地に外国や童話等をテーマとしたテーマパーク建設が相次いだ。
• Following the successful Tokyo Disney Land (TDL), theme parks of foreign countries or fairy tales were built in many places.

• 「祭」は様々な種類のものが各地で行われているため、ある地域で祭と言っても、どこのどの祭を指しているのか判断しにくい。
• Since various kinds of 'matsuri' are held in various regions, it is difficult to tell that a matsuri in some region indicates which one in which region.

• 最近では日本各地のおでんや、韓国、台湾などのおでん等も紹介している等、イベントで楽しめるおでんの幅が広がりつつある。
• Recently, the varieties of Oden that can be enjoyed in events have been widening thanks to, for example, the introduction of Oden from various regions in Japan and from foreign countries such as South Korea and Taiwan.

• 須坂市内の各地において、「須坂の町の雛祭り実行委員会」によって約1カ月（3月3日から4月3日）にわたり、開催される。
• The festival is held for approximately one month (from March 3 until April 3) in various places in Suzaka City by the 'Execution Committee for Doll Festival in Suzuka Town.'

• また、讃岐うどん風のうどんを供するチェーン店が2002年に首都圏に開店したのを皮切りに日本各地で次々とオープンした。
• Moreover, branch shops serving Sanuki Udon-styled Udon noodles successively started business after the first opening in the national capital region in 2002.

• 一方、国内は天下統一による平和がもたらされたことなどから、諸大名は領国の経営に力を注ぎ、各地で都市が興隆していった。
• On the other hand, peace came to Japan as the result of unification; various daimyos endeavored to manage their countries, and cities in various parts of Japan prospered.

• 奉安殿（ほうあんでん）とは、戦前戦中にかけて各地の学校で、天皇皇后の写真（御真影）と教育勅語を納めていた建物のこと。
• Hoan-den was the premises where portraits of the emperor and empress (called 'goshin-ei portrait') and the Imperial Rescript on Education were housed before and during the war.

• のちに安徳天皇は、水天宮（福岡県久留米市）の祭神とされて、水の神、安産の神として各地の水天宮に祀られるようになった。
• Later, Emperor Antoku was respected as an enshrined deity of Suiten-gu Shrine (Kurume City, Fukuoka Prefecture) (a temple sacred to the guardian deity of mariners); he was also respected as a god of water and a god who ensured the easy delivery of healthy babies.

• 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に建武の新政が開始された後も、北条氏の残党は津軽地方や日向国、伊予国など各地で散発的に反乱を起こした。
• Even after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu was followed by the Kenmu restoration, the remnants of the Hojo clan occasionally revolted in places such as the Tsugaru region, Hyuga Province and Iyo Province.

• また、1663年に萬福寺に設けられた戒壇をはじめ、各地で授戒会を開いたことで、江戸時代の戒律復興運動に影響を与えた。
• In addition, it not only placed Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) at the Manpuku-ji Temple in 1663 but also held the meetings of Jukai (handing down the precepts) in various places, which had an impact on the revival movement of commandments in the Edo period.

• 時代が下るとさらに城壁の強度が求められ、現在中国各地に遺構として残る明以後の城壁はその多くが堅牢なレンガ造りである。
• The strength of castle walls came to be more important later in the period, and most castle walls after the Ming dynasty which remain as ruins in various parts of China were made of solid bricks.

• この商品が評判になったため、今川焼きという商品名が一般名詞化し、各地に広がった（戦国大名の今川氏とは無関係である）。
• Since these cakes became very popular, the product name, imagawa-yaki was adopted around the country (it is not related to the Imagawa clan, a sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period).

• 専門の演者による公演の他、地域住民が祭礼の奉納行事などとして江戸時代以来の伝統に則った芝居を日本各地で上演している。
• In addition to the plays by the expert performers, local residents all over Japan perform plays in the name of, for example, the festival ritual dedicated to a god, following the tradition from the Edo period.

• 定期的に各地が担当になり、全国大会が行われ、全国から組合員が集結し、意見交換や親睦会など研修・勉強会が行われている。
• Training or seminars such as opinion exchange, reunions, national competitions for the union members are held regularly in various places nationwide.

• 釧路市を含めて北海道各地には戦後、中国、満州からの引揚者が多く移り住んだことと関係があるのではないかとする説もある。
• Some people assert the reason behind its name might be related to the large number of people who, after the war, returned from China and Manchuria and settled in Hokkaido, including Kushiro City.

• ロサンゼルスで火のついた寿司ブームは、その後日本の経済的進出も相まって、アメリカを中心とする世界各地に急速に広まった。
• Due to synergic effect of subsequent Japanese economic foray, a sushi boom ignited in Los Angeles rapidly spread to various places in the world, mainly in the United States of America.

• 天台仏教・山岳仏教が日本各地へ広がり、豊後国東半島（豊貴寺大堂など）や北陸地方（平泉寺など）などで動きが顕著であった。
• Tendai Buddhism and Mountain Buddhism spread all over Japan and the regions where this was prominent included Kunisaki peninsula in the Bungo Province (including Main Hall in Fuki-ji Temple) and Hokuriku Region (including Heisen-ji Temple).

• 8世紀初頭に本格運用され始めた律令制においては、国家の軍事組織として全国各地に軍団 (古代日本)を置くこととしていた。
• Cohorts were deployed throughout the country as the national military organization under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo codes), which began to take full effect at the beginning of the eighth century.

• 全国各地には古くより栗饅頭を作っている製造元も多く、その中にはその地域の名物菓子、土産菓子にまでなっているものもある。
• There are many manufactures all over Japan which have made Kurimanju for a long time; some of which have turned out to be the local specialties or souvenirs of the regions.

• この時期、後醍醐天皇の皇子護良親王、河内国の楠木正成、播磨国の赤松則村（円心）ら反幕勢力（悪党）が各地で活動していた。
• During this period, anti-Bakufu insurgents (Akuto), such as Prince Moriyoshi (a son of the Emperor Go-Daigo), Masashige KUSUNOKI of Kawachi Province, and Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin), were active in their sphere of influence.

• 一遍は、肉親ともいわれる弟子聖戒を後継者とみなしていた節があり、しかも入寂に際して時衆は各地に散って自然消滅している。
• Ippen named Jokai, who is also said to have been a blood relative, as his successor but after he passed away, the Ji Sect disappeared throughout Japan.

• 関ヶ原の戦い後、各地に移封され、大幅に加封された外様大名達によって次々に城が建設され、既存の城も多くで改築を施された。
• After the Battle of Sekigahara, tozama daimyos (non-hereditary feudal lords), who were transferred to other domains with substantial additional properties, built one castle after another and also reconstructed many preexisting castles.

• 琴古流本曲は、琴古流の始祖である初代黒沢琴古が日本各地の虚無僧寺に伝わる楽曲をまとめ、本曲として制定した36曲である。
• The Kinko school honkyoku consists of a repertoire of 36 pieces that the founder of the lineage, Kinko KUROSAWA the first, gathered in his travels to komuso temples throughout the country.

• 北海道では丸餅と角餅が混在しているが、これは明治以降に移り住んだ人たちによって全国各地の雑煮が持ち込まれたためである。
• In Hokkaido, some people eat round mochi and others eat square ones, because people migrated to Hokkaido from all over the country and brought various types of zoni there since the Meiji period.

• その為、世界各地の文化文明や神々や宗教と繋がり、美術や彫刻、歴史的な物語や故事などにもよく登場する普遍的な物でもある。
• Therefore, it has been related to culture, civilization, gods and religions in various parts of the world, and often represented in art, sculpture, historical stories and tradition universally.

• 主に本州の各地で銘菓として作られており、京都や岐阜などでは求肥のみを入れるが、関東では求肥と餡が入っていることが多い。
• It is mainly made as a famous kind of cake all over Honshu, and while in places like Kyoto and Gifu Prefectures only gyuhi is wrapped inside, sweet bean paste is added in the Kanto region.

• 鹿鳴館時代に来日したイギリス人アトキンソンは、明治14年（1881年）に日本各地の酒屋で日本酒火入れの様子を観察した。
• Atkinson, an English man who came to Japan in the period of Rokumeikan (Deer-cry Hall), watched the method of pasteurization at sake breweries in various parts of Japan in 1881.

• この皮種で餡を挟んだ最中が、やがて全国的に広められていき、現在では各地で色々な種類の最中が銘菓として売り出されている。
• Monaka made of bean jam sandwiched by the thin crisp wafers became popular over the country, and now various types of monaka are sold in various places as famous confections.

• 御伽草子の一寸法師が有名になったことで、各地に伝わる小さな人が出てくる民話や伝承も「一寸法師」と呼ばれるようになった。
• Because Issunboshi from Otogi Zoshi became famous, local folklores and stories involving little people also came to be called 'Issunboshi.'

• このため、鵜飼鮎は献上品として殊のほか珍重され、安土桃山時代以降は幕府および各地の大名によって鵜飼は保護されていった。
• Therefore, Ukai ayu were particularly-prized as special present so that Ukai had been preserved by the Shogunate and the daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) after the Azuchi-Momoyama Period.

• 蘇民将来（そみんしょうらい　蘇民將來）とは近畿地方を中心に日本各地に伝わる説話、およびそれを起源とする民間信仰である。
• Somin shorai refers to a folk tale that has been told as a legend in Japan in mainly the Kinki region, referring to folk beliefs that originated in the folk tale.

• ここに中央政府の地方への求心力が失墜し、各地豪族は自ら力を蓄え、或いは力ある存在に身を寄せる法なき時代に入ったのである。
• Here, the force of the central government to provinces declined and the lawless era, in which gozoku (local ruling families) in various provinces developed power or relied on others who had power, commenced.

• 間口が狭いのは、間口の大きさに応じて税金をかけていた名残だといい、道路に面して短冊形に敷地を取るタイプが各地に見られる。
• A reason for its small width is said to have come from the days when tax was imposed in accordance with the width of the entrance, and strip-shaped premises with the short side on the street are commonly seen in many regions.

• 家々が明かりを落としているあいだ、各地から集まりきた多くの男女は狭い旅舎、民家に雑然と混臥し、相知らぬ男女が相接触した。
• While the houses turned off the lights, many men and women from around the country slept bundled together in small inns and private houses, where unknown men and women contacted each other.

• 各地区や都道府県単位の発表会から全国大会まで、大正琴の美しい音色（アンサンブル）を聴ける場を多くの人に幅広く提供している。
• It has been providing a large number of people a place to hear the beautiful sound of taishogoto (music ensemble) from local school performances to prefecture and nationwide assemblies.

• この目的で建立されるのが茶筅塚で、現在では全国各地に見られるが、これは大正から昭和にかけて広まった比較的新しい習慣らしい。
• Although the mound for used chasen, built for this service, is found throughout the country today, making the mound is thought to be a relatively new custom that became widespread from the Taisho to Showa periods.

• 現在、各地の神社仏閣（平安神宮、増上寺、神田明神、生国魂神社など）や庭園（大阪城西の丸庭園、新宿御苑など）で催されている。
• Currently, Takigi-noh is performed in shrines and temples (Heian-jingu Shrine, Zojo-ji Temple, Kanda Myojin, Ikukunitama-jinja Shrine, etc.) and gardens (Osaka-jo Castle Nishinomaru garden, the Shinjuku Imperial Gardens, etc.) in various places.

• 後白河天皇の皇子である以仁王による挙兵を契機に各地で平清盛を中心とする六波羅政権ともよばれる平氏政権に対する反乱が起こる。
• Starting with the raising of forces by Emperor Goshirakawa's son, Prince Mochihito, a country-wide rebellion against the Taira clan government occurred, also known as the Rokuhara government, which was led by TAIRA no Kiyomori.

• 豊臣秀吉により大坂城・伏見城と相次いで豪華な天守が造営されると、それを手本に各地の大名が自身の城に高層の天守を造営させた。
• After the gorgeous Tenshu of Osaka-jo Castle and Fushimi-jo Castle were constructed in succession by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Daimyo (feudal lord) in various places imitated this and built high-rise Tenshu in their own castles.

• ところで、江戸時代に存在した陣屋と呼ばれる施設や、幕末に外国船への対策として日本各地に築かれた台場や砲台も城の一種である。
• The facilities called jinya (regional government office) in the Edo period and forts and gun batteries built in various parts of Japan as a countermeasure against foreign ships were also kinds of castles.

• 第2次世界大戦後の復興時には、生活困窮者の生活の糧として日本各地で日常的に見られたが、近年ではほとんど見られることは無い。
• During the economic restoration which followed World War II, it was regularly seen all over Japan as a way the poor earned their bread and butter, but they have become a rare sight in recent years.

• 各地の神農会を構成、運営していた「庭主」（世話役のこと）も、諸事情により その円滑な運営をなしえない状態にあるものもある。
• There were cases where, for various reasons, the 'niwanushi' (literally 'head of the niwaba,' they were kind of stewards), who organized and managed the Shinno Association of each district, was unable to ensure smooth operations.

• 花見の風習が広く庶民に広まっていったのは江戸時代、徳川吉宗が江戸の各地に桜を植えさせ、花見を奨励してからだといわれている。
• It is believed that the custom of hanami was widespread among ordinary people in the Edo period since Yoshimune TOKUGAWA had cherry trees planted in many spots in Edo and encouraged people to view the cherry blossoms.

• 組み紐の専門家は伝統工芸士を中心に構成されているが、その人数は年々減少しており、最近は日本各地で後継者不足に悩まされている。
• Experts of braided cords consist primarily of traditional craftsmen, but the number continues to decrease every year; recently, the shortage of successors has become a problem in various regions of Japan.

• 西日本各地では、屋外で急な病気や発熱に遭うことを「風にあう」といい、風を自然現象ではなく霊的なものとする民間信仰がみられる。
• All over western Japan, meeting a sudden illness or fever outdoors is described as 'suffering from the wind,' and there exists the folklore that the wind is not a natural phenomenon but a spiritual one.

• この法令により、守護は荘園・公領の半分の支配権を主張することとなり、各地で荘園・公領が分割され、守護の権益が拡大していった。
• This law strengthened the provincial constables' claim of the right to rule half of the manors and lands under the control of the feudal government, and manors and lands under the control of the feudal government became divided in various regions, and accordingly the interests of provincial constables expanded gradually.

• 木地師たちの本拠地である小椋村では木地師の免状や鑑札を発行するとともに、各地の木地師のもとに奉納金を集める使者を送り出した。
• Such kiji-shi's base, Ogura Village issued kiji-shi's licenses (called 'menjo' or 'kansatsu') and sent runners to collect shares from kiji-shi who were doing their business in various parts of the country.

• そうしている間に、幕府軍が千早城に大軍を貼り付けにしながら落とせずにいるとの報に触発され、各地に倒幕の機運が広がっていった。
• Meanwhile, on receiving the news that, despite having been engaged in fighting to take Chihaya-jo Castle for such a long time, the bakufu army had yet to take control of it, the feeling that the time was ripe to overthrow the bakufu spread throughout the provinces of Japan.

• また、各地の先学に教えを乞い、禅籍以外の仏典、漢籍、暦書、中国・日本の小説の類や古籍などの種々の分野にわたる諸本を渉猟した。
• He learned from masters in various places and read books extensively including Buddhist scriptures other than Zen, Chinese classic books, Rekisho (Expository books about the calendar), and antiquarian books in China and Japan.

• この「7つの俳諧」は、メシアンが1962年に来日し奈良をはじめとする日本各地を訪れた折の印象を作品としてまとめたものである。
• When MESSIAEN came to Japan in 1962, he visited various places in the country including Kyoto, and composed this 'Seven Haikai' by combining the impressions of those trips into one work.

• 近世の1615年に一国一城令が発布されるまでは、城は各地に多数存在し、砦のような小さなものも含めると数万城あったといわれる。
• It is said that there were a lot of castles in various parts of Japan and there were several hundred thousand castles including small forts until Ikkoku Ichijo Rei (Law of One Castle per Province) was issued in 1615.

• アミの塩辛は、日本の有明海沿岸、中華人民共和国、香港の長洲島、マカオ、韓国など東アジア各地で作られ、調味料として使用される。
• The salted mysid shrimp is produced and used as seasonong in many areas in East Asia such as the Sea of Ariake Coasts (Japan), People's Republic of China, Cheung Chan Island (Hong Kong), Macau and South Korea.

• 全料連と同様、普段は各地でそれぞれ集まり、研修等を行っており、定期的に全国大会を開催し、研修や意見交換、親睦の場としている。
• Similar to the Traditional Japanese Cuisine Restaurant Association, training or seminars such as opinion exchanging, reunions, national competitions for the union members are held regularly in various places nationwide.

• 実在したとはいえ生涯に謎の多い人物であるため、各地に様々な伝説が残されているが、いわゆる平家の落人として扱われる事は少ない。
• Although he existed, he was such a mysterious person that many of his legends are found in various places, however, he was not treated as a so-called Heike no Ochiudo (fugitives from Genpei War).

• 各地の大名を弟子に持ち、金春流では長らく途絶していた秘曲「関寺小町」を復活させ、「童舞抄」などの伝書を記すなどの活躍を見せた。
• He took some local daimyo (feudal lord) as his pupils, and as a performer in the Konparu school, he revived an old classic, 'Seki-dera Komachi (Komachi at Seki-dera),' which had ceased to be performed for a long time, and left 'Dobusho' (Comments on Noh Plays).

• そのトレンドはたちまちニューヨークに飛び火し、1980年代初めには全米各地に広まって、マスコミが盛んに取り上げるようになった。
• Leapfrogging to New York all at once, the trend finally spread all over the U.S. in the beginning of the 1980s, when the mass media started to deal with the phenomenon eagerly.

• その中でも胴に長い棹を差し込んだ形状をしており、このような楽器は世界各地に見られ、ギターやシタールも同じ仲間と見なされている。
• Among others in the family, shamisen is shaped by inserting the neck into the body; instruments of this kind are seen all over the world, and a guitar and a sitar are deemed to be the same type.

• この時代に田柴料を基本とした土地・租税制度は崩壊に向かい、宗親・両班・寺院・武人らが各地で大規模な土地兼併を行うようになった。
• During this period the land and tax system based on Jeonshigwa (the Stipend Land Law) began to collapse and Soshin (the Imperial Family of the Yi Dynasty), Yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea during the Joseon Dynasty), temples and warriors began the large scaled tochikenpei (land unity) in various regions.

• これらのことに、地方の酒蔵はおおいに驚くとともに鼓舞され、各地で自分たちの水と米に適合した酒造りが研究・発展されることになる。
• The sake breweries in local districts were very surprised at these and inspired, and began to research and develop their sake brewing methods which were suitable for their own water and rice in various places.

• 秘仏とされる仏像は日本各地に多く、本項でそのすべてを網羅することは不可能であるので、国宝指定物件をはじめ、著名なものに限った。
• As there are too many hibutsu in Japan, it is impossible to list them all here; we limit them to those that are well-known, including the ones designated as national treasures.

• 弁天信仰の広がりとともに各地に弁才天を祀る社が建てられたが、神道色の強かった弁天社は、明治の神仏分離の際に多くは神社となった。
• Sites enshrining Benzaiten were built throughout Japan as the worship of Benzaiten spread, but many of these strongly Shinto Benten-sha halls became Shinto shrines as a result of the separation of Buddhism and Shinto during the Meiji period.

• 後に明治の大日本武徳会の武術（日本武術）・武道の本部及び全国各地（外地含む）の道場、についても上記にちなんで武徳殿と称された。
• The headquarters of Dai Nippon Butoku Kai (a martial arts organization) for Japanese martial arts, and other martial arts training halls across the country, especially those founded in the Meiji period (including ones overseas) were also called Butokuden after the one in the Daidairi.

• 市民主体のまちづくりシンクタンク社団法人の設立は全国でも初めてのことで、各地のまちづくり運動の先鞭をつけた画期的な事例である。
• The Urban Development Think Tank consisting mainly of the area residents was the first of its kind in Japan, being the groundbreaking case to set a precedent for the subsequent urban development movement in various regions.

• 庭内には鴨川 (淀川水系)から水を引き、各地の守護大名から献上された四季折々の花木を配置したと伝わり、「花の御所」とよばれた。
• It is said that in the garden, water was drawn in from the Kamo-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River system) and flowers and trees of every season offered by shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese territorial lord) were planted, resulting in the name 'Hana no gosho' (literally, the flower palace).

• こちらの原材料はまぎれもなくイカであり、北海道の名産品として売られていることが多いが、実際には各地で生産されているようである。
• This type of 'noshiika' is unquestionably made from squid and is often sold as a Hokkaido specialty, but in reality appears to be produced in various parts of Japan.

• 各地の銭湯の建築様式は様々であるが、コミュニケーションの場として日常生活に彩りを与える工夫がなされている所に共通点がみられる。
• The architectural style of the sento differs from one region to another, but it's common that many ideas are given to sento so as to add variety to daily life as a place for communication.

• 中学生は地域により大きなばらつきがあり、栃木、愛知、鹿児島各地連の登録者が2千人近くに対し、登録者なしから数十人の地連も多い。
• Junior high school students varied widely depending on the region, with local federation registrants of Tochigi, Aichi and Kagoshima numbering close to 2,000, while many local federations had figures ranging from none up to a few dozen.

• 世界各地の農業社会では、その初期の頃から、播種期に種子を貸与し、収穫期に利子を付けて返済させる慣行が生まれたと考えられている。
• In the agrarian society worldwide, it is thought that a system, in which seeds were loaned to peasants in the planting season to make them pay back the loaned seeds and the born interest in the harvesting season, was launched in the early days.

• その一方で観世流は徳川家康が、喜多流は徳川秀忠が、宝生流は徳川綱吉が愛好し、その影響によって各地の大名のあいだで流行していった。
• On the other hand, the Kanze school found favor with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the Kita school with Hidetada TOKUGAWA, and the Hosho school with Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, and each became popular among local daimyo due to such influence.

• 世界各地の寿司屋には中国人や韓国人など日本人以外の経営・調理によるものが増加し、日本人による寿司店の割合は相対的に減少している。
• Sushi restaurants around the world operated by and serve sushi prepared by non-Japanese people such as Chinese or Korean people have increased, and a percentage of sushi restaurants which are operated by and serve sushi prepared by Japanese people have decreased relatively.

• これらの思いが、江戸時代まで続き昇華した結果として、捕鯨によるクジラの資源としての徹底利用や、鯨塚が日本各地にある理由でもある。
• Such ways of thinking had been retained through the Edo period and sublimated into an idea, which resulted in the practice of utilizing every inch of captured whales as a resource and a number of mounds for whales erected in various locations throughout Japan.

• 後宇多天皇・談天門院五辻忠子に具足戒を授けた他、徳治元年（1306年）讃岐国鷲峰山において、梵網布薩を行うなど各地で布教を行う。
• He imparted Gusokukai, the full precepts, to Emperor Gouda and Dantenmonin ITSUTSUJI no Chushi and also conducted propagation in various places, including Bonmo fusatsu (self-reflection and penitence according to the Brahmajala Sutra) in Mt. Jubu in Sanuki Province in 1306.

• 彼らの大部分は、後世の仮託であり、正宗とは実際の師弟関係がないにも関わらず、正宗の相州伝が各地に影響を及ぼしたことがよくわかる。
• Although most of them were stretches in the later days and had no actual relationship between master and disciple, this shows the influence of Masamune's Soshu den in various regions.

• 幼名は不明だが、彼の生涯については自身の残した宿帳や奉経帳記録や、各地に残した仏像背銘などから、かなり詳細にたどることができる。
• Although his childhood name is unknown, his life can be traced back in detail in visitor's books, records of copies of sutras at temples, and inscriptions on the back of the statues he left.

• 平成4年（1992年）に全国的な普及キャンペーンを行い、現在では各地の城でも天守の無料開放などの行事を行うことが多くなっている。
• It conducted a nationwide campaign in 1992, and now has much to do, such as holding free admission to events around the towers in the castle.

• 一方、鎮西派を開いた弁長の弟子であった良忠も鎌倉の悟真寺（現在の光明寺_(鎌倉市)）を中心とした関東各地に勢力を伸ばしていった。
• Moreover, Ryochu, who was a disciple of Bencho, founder of Chinzei-ha, had established his influence in Kanto area based on Goshin-ji Temple (present Komyo-ji Temple in Kamakura city).

• かたわらでは、鴻池善右衛門や奈良流など各地の造り酒屋や杜氏の流派が、僧坊酒の技術に改良を加えながらこれを承継していくことになる。
• On the other hand, the sake breweries and schools of toji such as Zenemon KONOIKE and the Nara school succeeded this by improving the techniques of Soboshu.

• 商業が盛んになり、貨幣経済が各地へゆきわたったことを背景として、酒は、米と同等の経済価値を持った商品として流通するようになった。
• The flourishing of commerce and the spread of the monetary economy in various places led to the distribution of sake as a product which had the same economic value as rice.

• 広い敷地に水道を引き多くの屋台を集めた「屋台村」と呼ばれる常設の施設が各地で見られたこともあったが、昨今はあまり見られなくなった。
• A collection of permanent street stall settings called 'Yatai Mura' (villages of food stalls), in which the vendors pooled water supplies at a large site, used to be very popular in many places; but Yatai Mura are no longer common today.

• 世界各地に棒状の武器を使用する戦闘技法が過去に存在または伝来しており、それを日本では日本武術の棒術と類似するため棒術の語をあてる。
• Martial techniques using a stick-shaped weapon existed or were introduced in various places across the world, which are called Bojutsu in Japanese because of the similarity to Bojutsu in Japanese martial arts.

• 鎌倉時代中期から酒屋が全国各地に広まるが、鎌倉幕府は酒が社会に害悪をもたらすとしてこれを禁じる沽酒の禁を出して厳しく取り締まった。
• Sakaya had been spread in many parts of the country since the middle of the Kamakura Period; however, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) imposed strict controls upon Sakaya by putting 'koshu no kin' (the ban on sale and purchase of sake) in force as the government believed that sake has a harmful influence on the community.

• その後南北朝時代 (日本)には安芸守護であった武田信武が足利尊氏に属して各地で戦功をあげ、石和系武田氏に代わり甲斐国守護となった。
• During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), Nobutake Takeda, then the shugo of Aki Province, followed Takauji ASHIKAGA, achieved distinguished war service at various battle fields and became the shugo of Kai Province in place of the Takeda clan of Isawa lineage.

• 明治時代に、さらに多くの地域に分かれて各地の名前を冠する萬歳が登場するようになったが、その多くは三河萬歳と尾張萬歳の系統であった。
• During the Meiji period, even more manzai which have the names of the place, appeared separately in many regions, but many of them originated from Mikawa-manzai and Owari-manzai.

• 各地でめいめいに呼ばれていたため、1933年（昭和8年）吉徳十世山田徳兵衛が中心となり、総じて「やまと人形」の呼称が考えだされた。
• As the dolls were called different names in different regions around Japan, in 1933 Tokubei YAMADA (Yoshitoku X) originated the general term 'Yamato Ningyo'.

• 各地の大名は、伝来当初こそこの新兵器の実力を疑問視したが、合戦でその効果が証明されるとこぞって買い求め、自国での量産化に奔走した。
• At first, every daimyo doubted the real power of this new weapon, but as the effectiveness was confirmed through battles, they bought them and made every effort to mass-produce them in their respective territories.

• この後子供たちは樽と俵を手に持ち、赤い半被を着て「出口大明神」の札が書かれた提灯を持つ船頭に付き添われ、各地区に分かれて家々を回る。
• After that, children who hold barrels and bales break up into groups and go door-to-door in respective area, accompanied by Nanori-sendo boatmen wearing a red livery coat with a chochin (Japanese paper lantern) labeled as 'Deguchi-daimyojin.'

• 同じ天台宗でありながら園城寺と激しく対立する延暦寺では不満が渦巻き、各地では延暦寺傘下の神人と院近臣の国司の間で抗争が絶えなかった。
• This was cause for strong frustration within Enryaku-ji Temple which although still had the same background as the Tendai sect of Buddhism, but fiercely opposed Onjo-ji Temple, there were many fights that broke out between the Shinto priests who were under the umbrella of Enryaku-ji Temple and the Kokushi (Kunitsukasa) (the head of the local government) of Goshirakawa's aides.

• それ以後は、30年余り親政を行い、この間、各地で土一揆が起こり、永享の乱や嘉吉の乱などでは、治罰綸旨を発するなど政治的役割も行った。
• Since then, the Emperor ruled the direct government for about thirty years, during his reign when there were peasant uprisings in many places, he acted in a political role by issuing Jibatsu Rinji (an official document of punishment issued by the Emperor) to regulate the Eikyo and Kakitsu Disturbances.

• 江戸時代に入ると江戸、大坂をはじめ各地に鍛冶が繁栄し、長曾祢虎徹（ながそねこてつ）、堀川国広、井上真改、津田助広などの名工が現れた。
• In the Edo period, swordsmithery flourished in Edo, Osaka and other regions, and famous swordsmiths including Kotetsu NAGASONE, Kunihiro HORIKAWA, Shinkai INOUE, and Sukehiro TSUDA appeared.

• 裁判官以外の裁判所の職員の任免は、最高裁判所の定めるところにより最高裁判所、各高等裁判所、各地方裁判所又は各家庭裁判所がこれを行う。
• The appointment and dismissal of court officials other than judges shall be made by the Supreme Court, a High Court, a District Court or a Family Court as determined by the Supreme Court.

• 戦国大名が支配権を確立するにつれ、各地に割拠していた国人領主などを完全に家臣として組み込むにあたり、城下町に集住させるようになった。
• As Sengoku Daimyo (feudal lords) established their sovereignty, they made their Kokujin Ryoshu (local samurai lords) in various provinces live within the castle towns in order to ensure that the latter was completely obedient to the former.

• そのため、この後に加賀の例で記述するような大名に対する反乱が各地で頻発し、徳川家康・上杉謙信など多数の大名が一向宗の禁教令を出した。
• This led to frequent rebellions against Daimyo throughout the nation, such as the one in Kaga described below, and numbers of Daimyo, including Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Kenshin UESUGI, issued the anti-Ikkoshu edicts (Kinkyorei).

• 薩摩出身者が力を持っていた明治時代には富国強兵政策とも相まって各地に広まり、吉村岳城、辻靖剛、西幸吉、吉水錦翁などの名手が輩出した。
• They spread across the country combined with the policy of increasing wealth and military power in the Meiji period when people from Satsuma possessed power, and many super players appeared one after another such as Gakujo YOSHIMURA, Seigo TSUJI, Kokichi NISHI, and Kino YOSHIMIZU.

• 観劇や噺などの日常娯楽に浸る事に併せ酒を呑むという、娯楽が食文化を発展させ、また食文化が娯楽を発展させてきた歴史は世界各地に存在する
• In many parts of the world, history shows that enjoyment of drinking along with usual enjoyments such as going to plays and comic stories has helped food culture develop while food culture has helped enjoyments grow.

• 相撲は日本固有の宗教である神道に基づいた神事であり、日本国内各地で「祭り」として「奉納相撲」がその地域住民により、現在も行われている。
• Sumo is originally a ritual ceremony based on Shinto, which is the Japanese traditional religion, and local communities still have 'honozumo' (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) as a festival in various regions throughout Japan.

• 平成2年（1990年）3月、桜並木は財団法人日本さくらの会から「日本さくら名所100選」に選ばれ、日本各地から注目されるに至っている。
• In March 1990, the sakura-namiki was chosen as one of '100 best sakura viewing points in Japan' by Nihon Sakura no Kai Foundation (literally, association for cherry blossoms in Japan) and it arouse attention from various places in Japan.

• 逃散は各地で単に生活苦から逃れるためにも行われたが、薩摩では念仏信仰を守るために念仏信仰が許されている隣接諸藩に逃亡する目的であった。
• Chosan occurred in various areas just to escape the difficulties of life, but in Satsuma it had the purpose of saving the Nenbutsu belief by escaping to the neighboring domain, which permitted the Nenbutsu worship.

• また、孔子を祀る廟や関羽を祀る廟が各地に多数存在するように、祖先の霊だけではなく、民衆が敬愛する対象の廟を建立して祭っている事もある。
• Also, there are cases where mausoleums were erected not only to perform memorial rites in honor of ancestors but also to the spirit of someone people admired, as seen in numerous mausoleums sacred to the memory of Confucius or Guan Yu around the country.

• 有岡は江戸期に描かれた各地の名所図会に登場する山の大半が、局所的に松が茂る禿げ山として描写されていることを、この傍証として挙げている。
• To prove this fact, Arioka used the drawings depicting various scenic spots of the Edo Period, in which most of the lands were painted as treeless hills and mountains locally dotted with pine trees.

• 古典文学として上記のようなストーリーとなった七夕説話であるが、長い歴史の中で中国各地の民話として様々なバリエーションを生じるに至った。
• Though the above is the classical story of the tanabata anecdote, various folk stories based on this anecdote were created at many places in China over a long period of history.

• そして明治開拓以降の北海道の日本海側各地で正月料理として鯨汁が食されるのは、秋田藩を中心とした東北の人々が移り住んだ名残といわれている。
• In various areas on the Japan Sea side of Hokkaido, Kujira-jiru has been eaten as New Year's dishes since the era when Hokkaido started being developed in the Meiji period, and it is said that this habit originated in the people who moved there from the Tohoku region, centered on the Akita domain.

• - 晴明塚とは嵯峨_(京都市)嵐山の晴明神社などにあり、安倍晴明の時代の後世に祈祷師達が安倍晴明を祖師として祈念し、日本各地に建てた塚。
• - Seimei Mounds were built at various locations in Japan including Seimei-jinja Shrine in Saga Arashiyama (Kyoto City) to offer prayers to their founder ABE no Seimei by shamans of the post-Seimei era.

• - 民芸品や郷土玩具として、日本各地で古くからその地方独自の、様々な仕掛けを持つ玩具があり、現在でもみやげ物として、販売される物も多い。
• From many years ago, local communities all over Japan have produced various toys of their own as a folkcraft, or as a folk toy, equipped with various devices, and even today, many of these toys are sold as souvenirs.

• 武士の、つまり全国各地の騒乱のほぼ全ての原因が土地支配に関するものであり、頼朝の新統治理論はこの後永く幕藩体制の根幹を成すものになった。
• Questions over land ownership contributed to virtually all fighting and conflict among warriors--and thus, almost all disturbances throughout the country--and Yoritomo's new theory of governance (as expressed by the Hyojosho) was to serve as the foundation of the bakufu-dominal system for many years thereafter.

• 当初、受領たちは東北制圧戦争に伴って各地に捕囚として抑留された蝦夷集団、すなわち俘囚を騎馬襲撃戦を得意とする私兵として鎮圧に当たらせた。
• The Ezo (northerners) group, that is, barbarians, who were in custody as prisoners in each region after the war for conquest of the north-east region, were first made by zuryos to be the private armies who were in charge of suppression and good at cavalry attack.

• これらの代官は諸々の勧農を積極的に遂行していき、各地で領民から名代官として顕彰され、現代まで顕彰碑や代官を祀る神社が大切に残されている。
• These daikans actively performed several kannos and were honored as excellent daikans by the local people in various regions and the shrines which enshrine their honorable monuments or the daikans themselves have been carefully preserved until now.

• アメリカ各地にはこの国ならではのカジュアルな食事だけでなく、味にこだわる本格派グルメの舌も満足させる世界一流のレストランが多数あります。
• In addition to the casual dining experiences that America is famous for, there are also numerous world-class restaurants throughout the country that will please the palates of even the most finicky gourmets.

• だが、現実には全国各地にあった膨大な彼女の荘園には「以仁王の令旨」が回されて現地の武士団による治承・寿永の内乱が促されていったのである。
• However her enormous manors all over Japan practically divulged 'Prince Mochihito's address,' and it caused civil wars like the Jisho and Juei Wars started by the local Samurai groups.

• なお、大谷派では、国内各教区の広域的な連携をはかり、各地域における聞法・弘教活動を一層推進することを目的として、連区制が定められている。
• Additionally, Otani-ha established a regional parish system (連区制), aiming to establish partnership with each parish on a regional scale in Japan and to promote missionary work more in each area.

• 昭和30年代には教誨師となり、刑務所や少年院での内観普及に尽力し、昭和35年ころには有力な矯正手法として全国各地の矯正施設で採用される。
• From 1955 to 1964, he was a Kyokaishi to spread Naikan therapy at prisons and juvenile reformatories; by 1960, Naikan was introduced as an effective method to correctional institutions across the country.

• 文永11年（1274年）には四天王寺（摂津国）、高野山（紀伊国）など各地を転々としながら修行に励み、六字名号を記した念仏札を配り始める。
• In 1274, he practiced asceticism moving from place to place, including Shitenno-ji Temple (Settsu Province) and Mt. Koya (Ki Province), and started to distribute Buddhist invocation charms on which rokuji myogo (six-character name) was written.

• 白骨温泉をきっかけとした温泉偽装問題、各地の公営温浴施設におけるレジオネラ菌の問題をきっかけとして、利用客は泉質に厳しい眼を注いでいる。
• Triggered by the hot-spring water deception issue following the case at Shirahone Spa, and those cases of contamination with Legionella bacteria at a number of public bathing facilities, users are worried about the quality of onsen water.

• こうした用法から、世界各地で弓は弦楽器の起源の１つとなったと考えられ、儀式に用いる弓矢ではなく、本来の弓を楽器として用いる場合もあった。
• Judging from this practice, a bow can be thought as one of the origins of string instruments in various parts of the world and the original bow was sometimes used as a string instrument instead of the Yumiya used for ceremonies.

• したがって利用客は、主に各地の政治家、強大な企業の経営者、名の通った財界人らごく一部に限られ、それらの面々が各種接待や会合を行ってきた。
• Therefore, the customers were limited mainly to the very few VIP such as politicians in various places, managers of powerful enterprise, famous financiers; various receptions and gatherings were held for such VIPs.

• そのため成功例の仙台七夕を模範に、戦後の復興期以降、商店街イベントとしての「七夕祭り」が東日本を中心に日本各地で開催されるようになった。
• Since the restoration period after the war, many shopping avenues throughout the nation, especially those in eastern Japan, have organized 'Tanabata Matsuri' following the success in Sendai.

• 長谷幸輝、富崎春昇、米川親敏、川瀬里子、福田栄香、金子花敏、中塩幸裕など九州、大阪をはじめ西日本各地から東京に進出する演奏家も多かった。
• There were many performers such as Yukiteru NAGATANI, Shunsho TOMIZAKI, Chikatoshi YONEKAWA, Satoko KAWASE, Eika FUKUDA, Hanatoshi KANEKO and Yukihiro NAKASHIO, who had moved to Tokyo from Kyushu, Osaka and various parts of western Japan.

• これらの断簡は本願寺の旧所在地にちなんで「石山切」（いしやまぎれ）と名付けられ、掛軸などに改装されて各地の美術館や収集家に分蔵されている。
• These dankan were named 'Ishiyamagire' after the name of place where Hongan-ji Temple was located previously, and they are being possessed by museums and collectors across the nation in the form of hanging scroll etc.

• 鯨祭りといわれる祭りが、日本各地の津々浦々で行われているが、それらは、鯨突き（捕鯨）によって命を落としたクジラを慰霊するための祭りである。
• Matsuri called whaling festival are held all over Japan in order to comfort whales dying by whale piking (whaling).

• 最初の日本列島の住人である縄文人は、狩りや漁撈を生活の中心に据えた狩猟民であったが、のちに集団農業を行い、日本各地に大小の集落を形成した。
• Jomon men, the first people in the Japan islands, were hunting people who mainly hunted and fished for their life, and later, they did collective farming, forming large and small communities.

• また、各地で独自に宣明暦に基づいた暦（民間暦）が発行され、それらの中には日付にずれが生じているものもあり、暦の全国統一をする必要があった。
• Additionally, private calendars based on the Senmyoreki were independently published in various parts of the country and some of these calendars indicated different dates; in result, Japan needed to unify these prevalent calendars all over the country and to make a calendrical reform.

• 当時朝鮮貿易に大きな利権を持っていた対馬の早田左衛門太郎は1426年、慶尚左右道各地で任意に交易できるようにして欲しいと朝鮮政府に訴えた。
• In 1426, Saemontaro SODA from Tsushima, who had great interests in the foreign trade of Korea at that time, pleaded to the Korean Government for free trade at any place in left and right sided provinces of Gyeongsang.

• このような火起請が行われた場所は、古くから神域とされてきたところも多く、紛争の鎮魂の理由により、日本各地に鉄火塚や鉄火の道祖神が存在する。
• Since ancient times, many places where higisho occurred have been considered sacred areas, and therefore, tekka zuka and tekka no doso-jin (traveler's guardian deities) exist in various places in Japan in order to comfort the spirits of the victims of conflicts.

• なお、立小便は現在でも行われているが、これは日本に限った話ではなく、ベルギーの小便小僧に見られるように、世界各地で行われていることである。
• Even now they urinate standing, but it is not limited to Japan, and as seen in the Manikin Pis statue in Belgium they urinate standing across the world.

• 1990年代の後半ごろから、全国各地の特産品や名産物を具にしたレトルトカレーが次々に登場し、ご当地カレーというべきジャンルを形成している。
• From around the late 1990s, retort curry products that use as ingredients indigenous products or special products from each region of Japan started to appear one after another, forming a genre called 'gotochi curry' (local curry).

• 古くから日本各地では相互扶助の単位として町あるいは町場という共同体があり、江戸時代までは都市部の公的な自治単位として多くの権限を有していた。
• There have been the communities such as machi (town) or machiba as a unit of mutual aid across Japan since ancient times, and such communities had a variety of authority as a public unit of self-government in the cities until the Edo period.

• 国民皆泳が叫ばれ水泳が学校の教科として取り上げられたことで、幼児～小学生用の水着として全国に普及し、昭和30年代頃まで各地で散見されていた。
• Since swimming practice was widely encouraged as anuniversal movement throughout the nation and swimming lessons were included in the official curriculum of primary schools, this kuroneko fundoshi loincloth became popular across the country as swimming pants for children covering from infants to students of elementary schools and it could be found here and there in Japan until around 1955.

• ヨーロッパウナギやアメリカウナギなどの他のウナギもイタリア、スペイン、フランスなど南欧を中心に、主に煮凝り料理として各地で食用にされている。
• Other eels such as European eels and American eels are also eaten mainly as aspic dishes in various regions, mostly in southern Europe such as Italy, Spain and France.

• 間接的には一部の火起し器の起源であり、またはハーブ（竪琴）の起源であり、世界各地にある弦楽器の発祥とも関連がある場合が多いと考えられている。
• It has an indirect origin as a part a fire making tool or harp, and it is thought to be often related as the origin of stringed instruments in various places of the world.

• 一方、勧進相撲として発達した大相撲は、その歴史的背景から各地の寺社の境内で不定期に興行されるのが常態で、長らくの専用の競技場を持たなかった。
• As the grand sumo tournament has a historical background of having been developed from kanjin zumo (fund-raising sumo held in aid of a temple or a shrine), it used to be performed irregularly in the precincts of temples and shrines, and lacked its own stadium for a long period.

• 各地の初詣の模様は、12月31日より1月1日早朝にかけて日本放送協会NHK総合テレビジョンの長寿番組「ゆく年くる年」などで毎年中継されている。
• Hatsumode in various areas are broadcast every year from December 31 until the early morning of January 1 in the programs such as a long-running program called 'Yukutoshi -Kurutoshi' (the old year and the new year) by Nippon Hoso Kyokai (Japan Broadcasting Corporation).

• 各地で、大量に雛人形飾りを公開したり、特色ある飾りを飾ったり、少年少女、又は成人の男女が雛人形に扮したりする祭り等が、この期間中に開催される。
• Throughout the country, festivals displaying numerous Hina-matsuri dolls, displaying distinctive decorations, and festivals in which boys and girls or adults dress up as the Hina-matsuri dolls are held during the time of the festival.

• 今日各地方の特産物と呼ばれるものは室町時代が起源であるものも多く、京都の西陣では明から輸入した生糸を利用して高級織物である西陣織がつくられた。
• Many of the products considered specialties of specific prefectures today have their origins in the Muromachi period, including Nishijin silks, luxury items that were made in the Nishijin district of Kyoto from raw silk imported from Ming China.

• 各地域の実情に合わせて、各名田ごとに異なる税率・税目などが設定されることがあり、これは「先例」として各国司と田堵負名の間で固定化しつつあった。
• There were instances in which the different tax rate and tax items were decided for each myoden depending on the local conditions; such cases came to be accepted as 'precedents' between the kokushi and the tato fumyo (cultivator/tax manager).

• この他にも後醍醐天皇には皇子が大勢おり、建武の新政に関った人々の中に菊池一族も名前を連ねている事から皇子に伴って全国各地に散らばったとされる。
• In addition to the imperial princes above mentioned, the Emperor Godaigo had many imperial princes, and as many of the members of the Kikuchi clan were also registered as the pepole involved in the Kenmu Restoration, it is assumed that they spread themselves all over the country by accompanying those imperial princes.

• 以後、彼の足跡は、弟子の木食白道とともに北は北海道の有珠山の麓から、南は鹿児島県まで、文字通り日本全国にわたっており、各地に仏像を残している。
• His tracks with his disciple Mokujiki Byakudo extended literally country-wide from the foot of Mt. Usu in Hokkaido at the northern end and to Kagoshima Prefecture at the south end, and he left Buddhist statues at many places along the way.

• また、政府も地球温暖化対策キャンペーンの一環として打ち水を奨励しているほか、全国各地のNPOや市町村などもこぞって打ち水を計画・実行している。
• The Japanese Government also recommends Uchimizu as a part of its campaign against global warming and municipal governments as well as NPOs around the nation are also planning or implementing Uchimizu.

• ところが、多聞山城は強固でしかも松永軍の士気も高かったために2年にわたる睨み合いを続け、あるいは畿内の各地で衝突を続け、次第に小康状態に陥った。
• However, as Tamonyama-jo Castle was a solid fortress and the troops of Matsunaga were high in morale, the battle fell into a two-year stalemate, accompanied by minor collisions here and there in the areas surrounding the capital and followed by a gradual calming-off process.

• 承元の法難（じょうげんのほうなん）とは、法然が率いる専修念仏の衆徒が弾圧され、法然以下、親鸞ら中心的な僧徒が各地に流罪となった事件のことである。
• Jogen no Honan was an incident where monks following Senju-Nenbutsu (intently praying to Buddha) led by Honen were suppressed and Honen, Shinran and other monks with central roles were exiled throughout the country.

• 正慶2年（1333年）には後醍醐が隠岐を脱出して伯耆に滞在し、自ら叛乱に参加する態度を示すとともに、広く各地の武士団に叛乱への参加を呼びかけた。
• In 1333, Godaigo escaped Oki and stayed at Hoki, indicating his wishes to directly participation the insurrection and widely made a call for participation among the armed groups around the country.

• これは、辺境地帯でなく内地において、荒廃した田畑を一般の人民にあてがって耕作させるもの（民屯）で、当初は許都の周辺で行われ、のち各地に広まった。
• This was not in the outlying areas but inland and had ordinary citizens farm land that had not been used (Minton) and was originally started around Xuchang and then spread to other regions.

• 極楽橋（大坂城の山里丸・二の丸を隔てる内堀に架かる橋、南海電気鉄道南海高野線極楽橋駅の名の由来の橋、金沢城の橋、等同名の橋は各地に数多存在する）
• Gokuraku-bashi Bridge (many bridges with the same name exist, such as a bridge over the inner moat of Osaka-jo Castle, which separates Yamazato-maru and Nino-maru, a bridge that is the origin of the name of Gokurakubashi Station on the Nankai-Koya Line of Nankai Electric Railway, and a bridge in Kanazawa-jo Castle).

• その後、社会の安定とともに里山の植生は一定の回復を見たものの、太平洋戦争が始まり物資が欠乏すると再び過度の伐採が行われ、各地に禿げ山が出現した。
• Afterwards, the vegetation of Satoyama recovered as the society stabilized, but when the Pacific War (World War II) broke out, Satoyama again underwent excessive logging due to the lack of materials, and many of the hills and mountains were left treeless around the country.

• しかし、浴衣メーカーや履物屋が痛くないように下駄を改良したり、足にあわせて鼻緒を調整する職人が各地で紹介された結果、歩きやすいものが増えている。
• However, as a result of improvement of Geta by yukata manufacturers and footwear companies so as not to cause pain, and of by introducing workmen who adjust Hanao to fit the toes in many places, easy-to-walk Geta are increasing.

• 灰持酒は製法に改良が加えられて西日本を中心に各地で醸造され続け、戦時統制により原料の供給を絶たれたため一時途絶えてしまったが、後に復活している。
• Improvements have been made to the method of brewing akumochizake and it continues to be brewed particularly in western Japan, and while brewing was interuppted for a while due to restrictions on the supply of raw materials during wartime, brewing was subsequently revived.

• ヨーロッパではイタリア北部・中部の各地で、肉料理に野菜、パスタ、パンかサンドウィッチ、小瓶のワインを合わせた食事セットが販売される鉄道駅がある。
• In Europe, some railway stations in northern and middle Italy sell a set of meal consists of meat dish, vegetable, pasta, bread or sandwich, and a small bottle of wine.

• しかしその水準の高い技法や知識は、各地の造り酒屋や杜氏の流派へ受け継がれていき、江戸時代初期には『童蒙酒造記』のように秘伝書に記述されたりもした。
• However, the high-level technique and knowledge concerning soboshu were passed on to breweries and schools of toji (sake brewing experts) in various areas, and even documented in a hidensho (book of secrets) such as 'Domoshuzoki (a technical book on sake brewing)' in the early Edo period.

• それによると、この条約により各地の港が開かれ、役人や通訳などの直接外国人と交渉をする立場の人間を中心として、服装の西洋化が広まっていくことになる。
• According to this theory, westernized clothing style became widespread mainly among officers or interpreters who had negotiations with foreigners in person after ports throughout Japan were opened due to the treaty.

• 院政期になり北面武士・追捕使・押領使・各地の地方武士団が成立すると、質を重視する院は次第に防人軍団の規模を縮小し、大宰府消滅とともに消えていった。
• When Hokumen no Bushi (Northern Guard), Tsuibushi (Pursuit and Apprehension Agents), Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) and regional samurai groups formed during Japan's period of cloistered imperial rule, the cloistered emperors who emphasized the quality of troops gradually reduced the sizes of sakimori legions, and the system eventually vanished along with the Dazaifu.

• 中唐以後均田制が崩壊すると、宮廷や貴族、武人、地方の豪族などが個人で田畠を財産として私有する風潮が強まり、各地で荘田・荘園が形成されるようになる。
• After the middle of Tang dynasty the equal-field system collapsed and the imperial court, aristocrats, warriors, local ruling families and so on increasingly tended to own the fields (of rice and other crops) as their asset and in various regions shoden (field within a manor) and shoen came to be formed.

• 京都市に隣接している立地条件から時代劇を中心としたロケーション撮影が市内各地で行われており、映画との関わりが深い街であるが、市内には映画館がない。
• Since Kameoka City is located near Kyoto City, shooting on location is conducted mainly for period dramas in many parts of the city, giving the city a close bond to cinema; however, there are no movie theaters in the city.

• 会日が縁日に変化し、庶民の生活習慣に深く根ざすようになった事や、各地域での経済の発展と市（定期市）の発生が、的屋を中心とする露天商の発展を促した。
• The transformation of 'kaijitsu' (gatherings) into fairs, becoming an integral part of people's lifestyle, together with the growth of local economies and the emergence of markets, prompted the growth of stalls centered around tekiya.

• 世界各地に残る原始宗教において弓矢や吹き矢は狩りの道具であるとともに酋長などが兼任する、祈祷師（シャーマン）の祈祷や占い、呪術などの道具でもある。
• In the existing primitive religions in various parts of the world, Yumiya and blowguns were not only a tool for hunting, but also a tool for praying, fortune-telling, magic and so on performed by a shaman who was the same as a chief.

• また世界各地の多神教文明において弓矢は霊力や呪詛が宿る道具として考えられており、古代ギリシアやヒンドゥー教や日本の神道などの神話に記述されている。
• In addition, in polytheistic civilizations in various parts of the world, Yumiya is considered to be a tool with spiritual power and a curse and is described in the mythologies on ancient Greece, Hinduism, Japanese Shinto, and so on.

• 棘のない実山椒（雌木）として兵庫県養父市八鹿町朝倉（市町村合併前は八鹿町朝倉）地方原産の朝倉山椒が有名だが日本各地に棘のない山椒の栽培が見られる。
• As for the mizansho (female tree) without spines, Asakura sansho, which is native to Asakura Yoka-cho, Yabu City, Hyogo Prefecture, is famous, but sansho without spines are cultivated throughout the country.

• 中国では、七福神と似た八仙（八福神）と呼ばれるものがあり、全てが実在の人物（仙人）であったといわれ、各地でその姿を描いた絵が信仰の対象になっている。
• In China, there exist Hassen (eight deities of good luck) similar to Shichifukujin, each of which is said to have been an actual person (hermit), and the picture of them is an object to believe in across the nation.

• 天照大神を豊鍬入姫命に託し、笠縫邑（現在の檜原神社）に祀らせ、その後各地を移動したが、垂仁天皇25年（紀元前5年）に現在の伊勢神宮内宮に御鎮座した。
• Princess Toyosuki Iribime no Mikoto was charged with venerating Amaterasu Omikami at Kasanui Village (in what is now Hibara-jinja Shrine); Amaterasu Omikami was subsequently moved throughout the country before being enshrined in the naiku (inner shrine) of Ise-jingu Shrine in 5 B.C.

• 江戸時代になると、お伊勢参りや善光寺見物が大衆化し、各地の大寺社には宿坊が整備され、特定の地域と特定の宿坊が結びつくなど、一種の観光事業を形成した。
• With the emergence of the Edo period, Oise Mairi (a group pilgrimage to Ise-jingu Shrine) and Zenko-ji Temple tours became popular, forming a kind of tourist industry by preparing shukubo at large temples in various places, forming connections between certain regions with certain shukubo, etc.

• 平安時代前期から後期に移行すると、各地に多くの磨崖仏が盛んに造立されるようになり、分布は九州地方、近畿地方、関東地方、北陸地方、東北地方に広がった。
• From the early part to the latter part of the Heian period, many Magaibutsu had been actively produced in various places, ranging from Kyusyu, Kinki, Kanto, Hokuriku districts to Tohoku district.

• その後、1960年代後半から大分県で生産されている麦麹に麦を掛け合わせる麦焼酎が日本各地で注目を浴び、現在では大分県も麦焼酎の一大産地となっている。
• After that, since the late 1960's, barley shochu in which barley was mixed into malted barley produced in Oita prefecture, has been getting attention throughout the country and now Oita Prefecture is also one of the major production areas of barley shochu.

• 各地に散らばって隠れ住んだ平家の落人の子孫を自称する武家は大変多く、代表的なものとして薩摩国の種子島氏、対馬国の宗氏、尾張国の織田氏などが挙げられる。
• Heike no Ochiudo (Heike fugitives from the Genpei War) scattered across the country to live their lives in secrecy, and many samurai families that identified themselves as descendants of the Ochiudo included the Tanegashima clan in Satsuma Province, the So clan in Tsushima Province, and the Oda clan in Owari Province.

• 1744年(延享元年)、河内の長栄寺（東大阪市）を再興して住職となり、初めて戒律の講義を行なったのを皮切りに、高野山や近畿の各地で修行と講演を続ける。
• In 1744, he restored Choei-ji Temple (Higashiosaka City) in Kawachi, assumed the position of the chief priest and conducted his first lecture on Buddhist precepts, and thereafter he continued ascetic training and lectures on Mt. Koya and other places in the Kinki region.

• 今日、三千家が茶道の代表格として語られるのは、流祖である千利休の高名だけでなく、この時期に広く各地の町人富裕層に普及したことも大きな要因となっている。
• Today, the three Senke schools are widely referred to as the representatives of tea ceremony, the main reasons are not only the fame of their originator, Sen no Rikyu, but also the fact that Sansenke's methods were commonly accepted among the rich class town people every where in Japan during that time.

• フランク王国が分裂して中央の支配力が緩みだし、ノルマン人やマジャール人の侵入が激しくなると、各地の領主は半ば自立して領地や居舘の防備を強化しはじめた。
• When the Frankish kingdom split and loosened its grip and the invasion by Normans and Magyars intensified, local lords became independent and reinforced the defense of their territories and residences.

• 「国樔」は「国主」「国栖」とも書き、奈良時代以前の日本各地に散在していた非農耕民で、その特異な習俗のため大和朝廷からは異種族扱いされていた人々である。
• The term 'Kuzu' (国樔) is also written as '国主' or '国栖' which meant nonagricultural people who spread to various places of Japan before the Nara period and were regarded as a different race by Yamato Dynasty because of their particular culture.

• 自社の焙煎工場とケーキ工場を有し、特にコーヒー豆や挽いた粉については店頭だけでなく全国各地の百貨店、スーパーマーケット、茶葉店などでも販売されている。
• The company has its own roasting plant and cake manufacturing plant, as well as coffee beans and ground powder which are sold not only in shops, but also in department stores, supermarkets and tea shops in various places in Japan.

• 紙屋（かんや）院の技術指導によって、各地で紙漉きが盛んになり、律令制度の統制力の弱体化とも相まって、紙屋（かんや）院は原料の調達が思わしくなくなった。
• With technical instruction from kanyain, paper making became popular in various places and kanyain began to experience the lack of materials together with the weakening of the administration's controlling power.

• 材料は日本各地にある、ホオ、ニガキ、サクラ、ミズキ、タモなどの雑木、倒木して土に埋まり数百年かかって掘り出された桂などの神代（ジンダイ）などを使用する。
• The materials used are brush wood pieces such as Japanese bigleaf magnolia, bitterwood, cherry, cornel and tamo (Fraxinus mandshurica or Fraxinus sieboldiana, a type of ash) that are found throughout Japan, as well as jindai (something that was buried underground or submerged in water for many years) such as katsura (Japanese Judas tree) that fell, buried in soil and then dug out several hundred years later.

• 彼らのほとんどにとっては一生に一度の旅であり、大阪・京都・奈良などを訪ねて各地の名所旧蹟を巡るため、しばしば小辺路を北上して旅程の短縮を図ったのである。
• Since for the most of them it was only a one-time trip in their lives, they traveled north along Kohechi to shorten the traveling route to visit historical sites in Osaka, Kyoto and Nara.

• 関西地区各地からは出発地によってJR・私鉄各線を使い分けるが、京都駅周辺はJR・近鉄、四条河原町周辺は阪急・京阪のターミナルと主に二箇所に分散している。
• Although access from places in the Kansai area is via JR lines or private railroads, depending on the city of departure, these lines cluster into two areas: around Kyoto Station for the JR and Kintetsu lines, and around Shijo-Kawaramachi for the Hankyu and Keihan lines.

• 各地の温泉旅館の再生事例にもあるように、状況を打破するためには、もちろん経営者の経営責任追及は不可欠であるが、ある程度の債権放棄も考慮する必要があろう。
• Aside from underlining the responsibility of the management, which is inevitable, as seen in some examples of the regeneration of onsen-ryokan around the country, lenders might have to consider waiving debts to a certain extent in order to take a step forward for the future of the industry.

• 会社の社債権者は会社の財産について、各地域会社の社債権者は当該地域会社の財産について、それぞれ他の債権者に先立つて自己の債権の弁済を受ける権利を有する。
• A bond holder of the Company shall, with respect to the property of the Company, have the right to have his or her claim satisfied, in preference to other creditors. A bond holder of each Regional Company shall, with respect to the property of the Regional Company, have the right to have his or her claim satisfied, in preference to other creditors.

• 墳丘の全長約280m、後円部の高さ約30mで自然にできた小山と錯覚するほどの規模、全国各地に墳丘の設計図を共有していると考えられる古墳が点在している点。
• The country is dotted with kofun that are considered to share the blueprint of the burial mound, which is so big as to be mistaken as a naturally formed knoll, having a total length of about 280 meters and a height of approximately 30 meters at the rounded rear.

• 江戸時代には江戸幕府により三つ葉葵とは対照的に使用は自由にされ一般庶民にも浸透しこの紋の図案を用いた和菓子や仏具等の飾り金具が作られる等各地に広まった。
• During the Edo period, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) permitted free use of the design in contrast to Mitsuba-aoi (Hollyhock with three leaves), and it spread amongst the general populace; Japanese confectionery and kazari-kanagu (decorative metal fixtures) of Buddhist alter articles with this design were made and spread throughout Japan.

• さらにここの見学者は希望により大正琴の演奏を体験でき、これをきっかけに本格的に大正琴を習い始めたい場合はスタッフが全国各地の琴伝流講師陣を紹介してくれる。
• Visitors to this place, if they wish, will have an opportunity to perform taishogoto, and if visitors want to start learning taishogoto, the staff will introduce instructors of Kinden school from various places nationwide.

• 昭和初期までは一般的に存在した庶民的な車両であるため、交通博物館（2006年5月14日に移転の為閉鎖）をはじめ、各地の博物館や資料館などで保存されている。
• Because jinrikisha were a common and popular form of transport until the early Showa period, they were stored in Tokyo's Transportation Museum (which closed down on 14 May, 2006 due to relocation), and are kept in museums and resource centers around the country.

• 王の舞と同じように、これら一連の芸能を構成する一つの芸能として平安後期の畿内の祭礼・法会でヒトツモノは成立し、中世に各地に伝播していったと考えられている。
• In the late Heian period, like the king dance, as one of such a series of performance arts, Hitotsumono was established in the festivals or Buddhism gatherings in the countries near Kyoto, and in the Medieval Period, it spread to various regions.

• 第二次大戦後、各地の社寺において鉄筋コンクリートの宝物館・収蔵庫の新設が相次ぎ、博物館に寄託されていた仏像等は元の寺院に返還されるケースが多くなっている。
• After World War II, reinforced concrete treasure houses and depositories were newly established one after another in Shinto shrines and temples in each region, and there have been an increasing number of cases where the Buddha statues, etc. which had been deposited in the museum would be returned to the original temples.

• 中国大陸とは違い、日本の水は各地によって小差はあるもののほとんどが中硬水であり、香味を損ねる鉄分やマンガンの含有量が少ないので、醸造に適していると言える。
• Different from the Chinese continent, water in almost all districts in Japan is medium-hard water, although there is a slight difference depending on the district, and, since the content of iron and manganese that spoils the taste is small, it is suitable for brewing.

• しかしながら、解体を免れた奉安殿は現在でも全国各地に少数ながら残っており、倉庫として使われていたり、荘厳な外観を生かして神社や納骨堂に転用されていたりする。
• Hoan-den that escaped being dismantled still remain even now although the number is small, used as a warehouse or converted to a Shinto shrine or an ossuary, taking advantage of its solemn external appearance.

• 寄進地系荘園は、延久の荘園整理令が発せられた11世紀後半から全国各地へ本格的に広まってゆき、平安時代末期にあたる12世紀中葉から後期にかけて最盛期を迎えた。
• The donated-type of shoen (manor) began to spread nationwide after the late eleventh century when Enkyu Manor Regulation Acts was promulgated and culminated from the middle of twelfth century, the late Heian period, to the late of twelfth century.

• なお、乙麻呂の系統で平安中期に武人として頭角を顕した藤原為憲の子孫は各地に広がり、伊東氏、工藤氏、二階堂氏、相良氏、吉川氏、天野氏といった各氏の祖となった。
• Incidentally, the descendant of FUJIWARA no Tamenori, who was descended from Otomaro and had distinguished himself as a samurai in the middle Heian era, expanded across the country and became the originators of the Ito, Kudo, Nikaido, Sagara, Kikkawa and Amano clans, etc.

• 鎌倉時代には陸奥国・下野国・常陸国の他にも出雲国、但馬国、伊勢国、駿河国、備中国、上野国、出羽国、越後国などでも地頭職を得ており、各地に分流が派生している。
• During the Kamakura Period, the Date clan was appointed as jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) not only in Mutsu Province, Shimotsuke Province and Hitachi Province, but also in other provinces including Izumo Province, Tajima Province, Ise Province, Suruga Province, Bicchu Province, Kozuke Province, Dewa Province and Echigo Province, which helped its branch families spread in those areas.

• 戦国時代 (日本)になると各地の所領を武家に横領されたため、経済基盤を確保するために柳原資綱・柳原量光・柳原資定の3代に渡って、所領のある因幡国に下向した。
• During Japan's Sengoku (Warring States) period, some of the family's territories in various locations were confiscated by samurai families; in order to maintain a financial base, therefore, the family moved to Inaba Province, where it had held territory over three generations, from Suketsuna YANAGIWARA to Kazumitsu YANAGIWARA and Sukesada YANAGIWARA.

• 仏教はインドに起源を持ち、アジア各地に広まった宗教であるが、梵鐘に関してはその祖形をインドに求めることは困難であり、中国古代の青銅器にその源流が求められる。
• Although Buddhism is a religion that originated in India and has expanded throughout Asia, the origins of Bonsho are hardly found in India but in ancient Chinese bronze ware.

• このような行いは、漁師や猟師だけに限らず、その他の農林水産に係わる生業（なりわい）から、現在の醸造や酒造など職業としての神事や、各地域の「おまつり」にもある。
• Not only fishermen and hunters, but also those who make a living from agriculture, forestry, or fishery, as well as those engaged in present-day 'sacred callings' such as the brewing of sake or soy products such as soy sauce return part of their 'catch' at the 'Omatsuri' (festivals) held in each of Japan's regions.

• さらに、鎌倉時代以降は朝廷の力が弱まり、京で作られた暦が地方へ伝達しにくくなったことから、各地で独自に宣明暦の暦法によった暦（民間暦）が作られるようになった。
• In addition, because the imperial court started to lose power after the Kamakura period, and it became difficult to distribute calendars produced in Kyoto to regional areas, calendars (private calendars) based on a method of making calendars of the Senmyo Calendar began to be produced independently in various parts of the country.

• またこのジャンルの発展に決定的な役割を果たした古賀政男は、少年時代を過ごした朝鮮をはじめロマなど世界各地の民族音楽や西洋音楽からの影響も作品に盛り込んでいる。
• Masao KOGA who played a critical role in the development of this genre produced works reflecting the influence of ethnic music around the world, including music in Korea where he spent his boyhood, Roma music and western music.

• この時代は、守護大名や守護代、国人などを出自とする戦国大名が登場し、それら戦国大名勢力は中世的な支配体系を徐々に崩し、分国法を定めるなど各地で自立化を強めた。
• During this period, Sengoku daimyo (the daimyo, that is Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) who came from the Shugo daimyo, Shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable), or from Kokujin (local samurai) appeared, and the power of the Sengoku daimyo destroyed the medieval control system, raising their levels of independency, for example, by establishing bunkokuho (a law that individual sengoku-daimyo enforced within their own domains).

• 金春安照（六十二世宗家）に秀吉が師事したために、金春流は公的な催能の際には中心的な役割を果たし、政権公認の流儀として各地の武将たちにもてはやされることとなった。
• Because Hideyoshi studied Noh under Yasuteru KONPARU (the sixty-second head), the Konparu school had played a pivotal role in official Noh performances, and it was sought after by local warriors as a method with official approval by the government.

• 学費1,000ドルでそのコースを修了した韓国系・中国系など大勢の生徒は、アメリカ各地で寿司屋や日本料理店のシェフになるという（後述の項目「世界のスシへ」参照）。
• The New York Times said that many Korean and Chinese students who finished the course with a tuition at 1,000 dollars would be employed as chefs of sushi restaurants and Japanese restaurants across America (refer to the article below, 'The world's sushi').

• 後に江戸においても儒学・武家を中軸とした文化が形成され、東西に2焦点の楕円形の文化構造が互いに交錯しながら各地に広がり、金沢市などの地方都市を巻き込んでいった。
• Later, culture based on Confucianism and samurai class was created in Edo, and such cultural structure that has two centers in Edo and Kyoto spread to local cities including Kanazawa City.

• 一方、各地方では国司・郡司・有力百姓などを出自とする「富豪の輩」と呼ばれる階層が登場しており、国衙から名田の経営と租税徴収を請け負って、経済力をつけ始めていた。
• On the other hand, the class called 'fugo-no-yakara' (rich guy) originated from kokushi, gunshi (local government administrator sent from the central government, working under kokushi), leading people, appeared, managed myoden (rice fields as the basic unit for levying taxes) and the duty of tax collection from kokuga and began to be economically stronger.

• 近代以前は、東は日本、西はアイルランド、モロッコ、北はモンゴル、スカンディナヴィア、南はインドに至るユーラシア/北アフリカ全域で各地方独特の鷹狩文化が開花した。
• Before modern times, original Taka-gari cultures flowered all over Eurasia and North Africa from Japan in the east to Ireland and Morocco in the west, and Mongolia and Scandinavia in the north and India in the south.

• また、墓標・供養塔としての五輪塔は全国各地に存在し、集落の裏山の森林内に、中世のばらばらになった五輪塔が累々と転がっていたり埋もれていたりすることも稀ではない。
• Many Gorinto serving as tombstones or memorial towers exist all over the country, and Gorinto from the medieval era are often found in pieces or buried in the woods close to villages.

• なぜなら東京で発表され、早稲田周辺などで広まった新しい料理・カツ丼が、当時の食堂店主らの手で地方の各地域に持ち帰られ、(その地域での)「元祖」を名乗ったからだ。
• For the new dish 'katsudon' publicized in Tokyo and spread around the Waseda area was brought back by restaurant owners to their hometowns and became the 'original' (in the regions).

• またそれらを、鎮めるため（和御魂・荒御魂という神霊の2つの様相の変化）に建立した碑や塚や供養塔も日本各地に多数存在し、例としては包丁塚や人形塚や道具塚などがある。
• Also, many monuments, mounds and memorial towers, such as hocho-zuka (mound of kitchen knives), ningyo-zuka (mound of dolls) and dogu-zuka (mound of tools), were constructed at various places in Japan in order to assuage the anger of Tsukumogami.

• 各地のイエズス会の施設が破壊され、まず加津佐のコレジオにおかれた印刷機は、日本語及びラテン語の書物の印刷に早速使われ、日本文典や辞書などが印刷のために準備された。
• Facilities of the Society of Jesus in various places were destroyed, and firstly the printing machine installed at collegio in Kazusa was immediately used to print books in Japanese and Latin, and grammar books of Japanese language, dictionaries and so on were prepared for printing.

• 延宝8年（1681年）の村瀬義益『算学淵底記』によれば、17世紀中頃には江戸の各地に算額があったことが記されており、ここでは目黒不動の算額の問題が紹介されている。
• According to 'Sangaku Enteiki '(detail of sangaku) written by Yoshimasu MURASE in 1681, there were sangaku at various parts of Edo in the middle of the 17th century, and examples dedicated to the Meguro Fudo temple are described in the book.

• 梅雨前線の活動が太平洋高気圧の勢力拡大によって弱まるか、各地域の北側に押し上げられ、今後前線の影響による雨が降らない状況になったとき、梅雨が終わったとみなされる。
• Baiu is deemed to have ended when activities of the baiu front are weakened by expansion of strength of the Pacific anticyclone or the baiu front has been forced to move the north of each area and no rain is expected because of the influence of the front.

• また、弓矢は邪を祓う力があるとされ、霊器・神器として、精神性の高いものとして扱われていた（現在でも破魔弓として信仰の名残や各地で弓道、流鏑馬神事が行われている)。
• In addition, bow and arrows were considered to have the power to drive off evil and were treated as highly spiritual goods or sacred equipment (even today Hamayumi (ceremonial bow is used to drive off evil) keeps a trace of faith and Kyudo and the Yabusame-shinji ritual are performed in various places).

• 東南アジア各地には、煮た穀物を口で唾液と共に噛みつぶし、空気中から野生酵母を取り込んで発酵させて酒を造る、いわゆる日本酒口噛み酒という原始的な醸造法が広く存在した。
• In various regions of Southeast Asia, there was a widespread primitive alcohol brewing method called 'kuchikami no sake' (which literally means 'chewed alcohol'), in which people made alcohol by chewing boiled grains with saliva in their mouths in order to take in wild yeast from the air to ferment the grains and make alcohol.

• 正平一統が成立し、南朝の後村上天皇が帰京する噂が立つと、各地で南朝方の活動が活発化し、本拠を賀名生から河内国東条（河南町）、摂津国住吉（大阪市住吉区）まで移転する。
• The Shohei Itto was established and when rumors arose that Emperor Gomurakami was to return to Kyoto, Southern Court supporters in various regions grew active and transferred the main headquarters from Ano to Tojo (Kanancho) Kawachi Province to Sumiyoshi Settsu Province (Sumiyoshi Ward, Osaka City).

• こうした呼称の違いは、各地域と高野・熊野との結びつきや巡礼等の目的地の違いに依存すると考えられ、「小辺路」は参詣道全体を鳥瞰するような場合に用いられる名なのである。
• It is considered that this difference of names depends on the connection between each region and Koya or Kumano and on the destination of each pilgrim, and the name 'Kohechi' was used only when the whole pilgrimage road had to be explained.

• 甲斐源氏の嫡流となった武田氏に対し、加賀美氏流の小笠原氏は庶家にあたるものの、格式や勢力の上では決して武田氏に劣ることなく、全国各地に所領や一族を有する大族である。
• While the Takeda clan was the main branch of Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan), the Ogasawara clan of the Kagami clan line was a branch family, however it was never inferior to the Takeda clan considering the social status and influence and still a major clan having territories and family throughout the country.

• 鎌倉幕府滅亡から建武の新政を経る頃には、国氏の孫である今川範国が子達を率いて足利尊氏の北朝に属し、各地で戦功を挙げた事により駿河国・遠江国2ヶ国の守護に任ぜられた。
• When the Kenmu Restoration occurred after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, Norikuni IMAGAWA, a grandson of Kuniuji, and his sons sided with the Northern Court of Takauji ASHIKAGA and distinguished themselves on the fields of battles and were appointed to shugo (military governors) of two provinces: Suruga and Totomi.

• 明治時代に入ると、各地の城郭は、1873年（明治6年）に布告された廃城令による破却や管理放棄に伴う焼失、更には大日本帝国陸軍による資材の接収による崩壊などが進んだ。
• In the Meiji period, the citadels in each region were destroyed according to haijorei (an order to abandon castles) in 1873 or burnt due to being abandoned by management or collapsed after materials were seized by the Imperial Japanese Army.

• 塀や長屋で囲った敷地内または外に、長屋または小屋など、各地で呼び名は異なるところはあるが部下が住まう屋敷と中央となる役所と奥向きである本陣が造られることが多かった。
• Within or outside the area enclosed by walls or nagaya (row houses) were residences called nagaya or koya (small houses) depending on the region, in which followers lived, a central office, and an inner part called the honjin.

• 日本各地で、「ご当地～～」と呼ばれる土産品があるが、それらの日用品は、地域の自然や歴史、産業、伝統などに見合った製品を作ろうとしてきた地域の人々の工夫の賜物である。
• Each region in Japan has souvenirs called 'specialty of the region,' and such daily necessities are the result of efforts made by local people who tried to make products in line with local nature, history, industry and tradition.

• 明治初期の『諸国紙名録』には多くの紙に障子用として注記しているので、このころでも全国の各地でさまざまな地域の建具寸法に合わせた書院紙が漉かれ続けていたことが分かる。
• 'Shokoku Shimeiroku' (a directory of paper produced in areas all around Japan) compiled in the early Meiji period notes that paper produced in many areas were for use in shoji, which means that production of shoingami according to different, locally applied dimensions of shoji survived in those days around Japan.

• 石山本願寺・・・独自の僧兵集団ではなく、各地の門徒（多くは国人や庶民）を動員した一向一揆を通じて絶大な影響力・軍事力を誇ったが、石山合戦に敗れ壊滅、軍事力を喪失した。
• Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple; it boasted overwhelming influential power as well as military power through Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers) which was fought by, instead of its own Sohei group, believers called up from every region of the country (many of them were indigenous persons and ordinary people), but eventually it suffered devastating defeat in the Ishiyama War and lost its military power.

• 一般的な豆腐の製法と異なり、濃度の濃い豆乳を使ったり、にがりの代わりに海水を使うなど、さまざまな方法を用いて保存できるようにした、いわゆる堅豆腐が各地で作られている。
• As opposed to the general tofu production process, so-called Kata-dofu is made in many places by various methods such as using high concentrations of soy milk, using sea water instead of bittern, etc., so as to be conservable.

• また、1つの演目で各地を巡業した場合、最後の公演地で行われる千秋楽の公演を、特に「大千秋楽」（おおせんしゅうらく、略して「大楽」（おおらく）とも）と呼ばれることがある。
• Additionally, when a play on the same program is performed in various places on a tour, the play that is performed at the site visited last is sometimes called osenshuraku or oraku in particular.

• 御師は数名ずつのグループに分かれて各地に散らばり、農村部でカレンダーを配ったり、豊作祈願を行ったりして、その年に収穫された米を初穂料として受け取る事で生計を立てていた。
• Onshi were divided into groups of several people, were scattered around the country, and made a living by receiving rice harvested in the year as hatsuho ryo (ceremony fee) in return for distributing calendars and praying for a good harvest in rural areas.

• 流派の数は幕末までに数百（あるいは千）を越えたと思われ、１９世紀になると全国で武者修行や他流試合、武術留学が流行し始め、各地の師範名をまとめた書物が発刊されるなどした。
• The number of the schools is thought to have exceeded several hundred (or a thousand) by the end of the Edo period, and in the nineteenth century, mushashugyo (a samurai warrior's quest), taryujiai (a contest between different schools), and bujutsuryugaku (practicing martial arts in another domain) began to be popular all over the country, and the books which listed the names of shihan (grand masters) in various places were published.

• その中で、神社神道の体系に組み込まれなかった各地に残る天狗神社・河童神社・白蛇神社や貧乏神・宝船（七福神）などは、古神道（日本の民間信仰）の神々が起源であるともいえる。
• Among them, Tengu-jinja shrines, Kappa-jinja shrines, Shirohebi-jinja shrines (white snake shrines), Binbogami (deity that brings poverty) and Takarabune (treasure boat) (Shichifukujin) (Seven Deities of Good Fortune) that were not organized into Shrine Shintoism can be said to have their origins in the deities of ancient Shintoism (Japanese folk religion).

• 流行の風流であった馬長をヒトツモノと呼んだが、それそのものがヒトツモノと呼ばれるようになり、後に各地で民俗変容が起き、依坐であると認識されるようになったと説明している。
• In this explanation, Umaosa, which was a popular furyu, was initially called Hitostumono and furyu itself came to be called Hitotsumono, which was latterly recognized as yorishiro due to the transformation of folklore in various regions.

• 当初、半済は戦乱の激しい3国（近江国・美濃国・尾張国）に限定して認められていたが、守護たちは半済の実施を幕府へ競って要望し、半済は次第に恒久化され、各地に拡がっていく。
• Initially, the hanzei was granted only in the three provinces where fierce battles had raged (Omi Province, Mino Province, and Owari Provice), but the shugo competed to demand the granting of hanzei, and the right was gradually perpetuated, spreading throughout the land.

• 興良親王は『新葉和歌集』でその夭折が詠まれたが､尹良親王は南朝方として父の後を継いで各地を転戦、源氏姓を賜る(後醍醐源氏の祖)と共に征夷大将軍に任じられたと伝えられる。
• Imperial Prince Okiyoshi/Okinaga's premature death was written about in a poem in 'Shinyo Wakashu,' and it is said that Imperial Prince Tadayoshi/Tadanaga succeeded to his father's position in the Northern Court and moved from one battle field to another; after that; he was given the surname 'GENJI' (founder of the Minamoto clan, he was a descendent of the Emperor Godaigo) and appointed as Seii Taishogun.

• この頃までの代々の天皇の出自や系統については、記紀の記述通りの「万世一系」ではなく、倭国内各地の有力豪族の間での、複雑な権力移動が裏にあったのではないかという説もある。
• As for the origin and lineage of Emperors around this period, there is also a theory stating that it was not 'bansei ikkei' (an unbroken line) like described in the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), but had complex movement of powers in behind and between the powerful local ruling families in various places inside Wakoku.

• 同教室では、1日4時間・6週間を全課程として寿司職人を養成し、学費1,000ドルでそのコースを修了した大勢の生徒はアメリカ各地の寿司屋や日本料理店のシェフになるという。
• In those lessons sushi chefs are trained with the entire course of four hours per day and six weeks, and many of the students who finished the course with the tuition 1,000 dollars become chefs in sushi restaurants or Japanese food restaurants across America.

• 日本では古墳時代に古墳の副葬品として馬具が見られることからこの頃に乗馬文化が導入され、軍事的利用される馬の育成は日本列島の各地へ広まり、特に東国において分布が拡大する。
• From seeing the harness as burial goods of the old tomb it proved that a cavalry horse culture started at the tumulus period in Japan, and then raising horses for military use spreaded to various places in the Japanese Islands, especially the distribution expanded in the eastern country.

• 地蔵菩薩は弥勒菩薩がこの世に現れるまでの無仏の間、六道（地獄・餓鬼・畜生・修羅・人間・天）へ救いの手を差し伸べるとされ、各道に各地蔵が派遣されているという考えに基づく。
• Jizo Bosatsu is considered to relieve people of Rokudo (the six posthumous worlds of Jigoku-do (paths to hell), Gaki-do (path of hungry ghosts), Chikusho-do (path of animals), Shura-do (path of bellicose demons), Ningen-do (path of humans) and Ten-do (path of heavenly beings) during the period before Miroko Bosatsu (Buddha of the Future, Bodhisattva of the Present) appears in this world, and it is believed that each Jizo Bosatsu is dispatched to each world.

• 同文書では「葬儀はキリスト信者の死の過ぎ越しの性格をより明らかに表現し、典礼色も含めて各地方の状況と伝統によりよく適応したものでなければならない」（81条）としている。
• The document stipulates 'Funeral rites should express more clearly the paschal character of Christian death, and should correspond more closely to the circumstances and traditions found in various regions. This also applies to the liturgical color to be used' (Article 81).

• また、アングロ・サクソン人アングロ・サクソン諸国のハロウィーンなどのように、世界宗教以前の信仰に基づくものや、世界宗教が伝来した各地で習合した形で伝わっている事例もある。
• In addition, like Halloween held by Anglo-Saxons in Anglo-Saxon countries, there are some festivals which are based on a belief before the world religion, or which are passed down in the form of syncretization in each place where the world religion was introduced.

• それらは主に各地域の伝統的な料理に香辛料やエスニック要素を加えることでカレーらしくなったものだが、多くのレストランや料理人らが伝播と啓蒙につとめた功績も皆無とはいえない。
• While these are dishes which took a curry-like form by adding spices and a South Asian or Southeast Asian taste to traditional dishes of the regions, we should not overlook the fact that many restaurants as well as cooks made an effort to teach and spread these dishes.

• 以仁王と頼政の挙兵は短期間で失敗したが、その影響は大きく、以仁王の令旨を奉じた源頼朝や源義仲、甲斐源氏、近江源氏などが各地で蜂起し、治承・寿永の乱の幕を開けることになる。
• Prince Mochihito and Yorimasa's uprising was brief and ended in failure, but it had profound effects, with Mochihito's princely command used as justification and rallying cry for local insurrections launched by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka, the Kai Genji, and the Omi Genji among others, marking the true beginning of the Genpei War (the Jisho-Juei war between the Minamoto and the Taira).

• 松尾芭蕉の門人である河合曾良は元禄4年（1691年）の3月から7月下旬まで4ヶ月近くにわたって近畿各地を巡遊した際に、小辺路を通行して高野山から本宮へ参詣を果たしている。
• Sora KAWAI, a pupil of Basho MATSUO, traveled various parts of Kinki region for about four months from March to the end of July of 1691, and during the travel, he walked Kohechi from Mt. Koya to visit Hongu-taisha Shrine.

• 島根県の野焼きちくわ、鳥取県の豆腐ちくわ、広島県、岡山県の豆ちくわ、山陰の手握りちくわ、熊本県の日奈久ちくわ、愛知県の豊橋竹輪、徳島県の竹輪など、日本では各地で作られる。
• There are many Chikuwa made in Japan such as noyaki chikuwa (chikuwa grilled in the field, made from flying fish) in Shimane Prefecture, tofu chikuwa of Tottori Prefecture, bean chikuwa of Hiroshima and Okayama Prefectures, tenigiri chikuwa (chikuwa shaped by hand) of Sanin region, Hinagu chikuwa (chikuwa made in Hinagu region of Kumamoto) of Kumamoto Prefecture, Toyohashi Chikuwa of Aichi Prefecture, Chikuwa in Tokushima Prefecture and so on.

• ただし胡弓入りの三曲合奏がなくなったわけではなく、現在でも各地で行なわれ、特に名古屋では比較的盛んであるし、また山田流箏曲に藤植流の胡弓が加わり三曲合奏されることもある。
• However, kokyu's participation in sankyoku gasso is still seen nationwide, such as the relatively active one in Nagoya, and sometimes the participation of the Fujiue school's kokyu music in the Yamada school's koto music is seen.

• 宇陀紙は、吉野ので漉かれた杉原紙（中世の武士社会に最も流通した中葉の楮紙で、本家播磨の杉原紙を各地で模造した）を源としており、江戸でも多く流通し江戸からかみに用いられた。
• Uda-gami originates from the Sugihara-gami (Sugihara paper) (a moderately thin kozo paper which was distributed mostly in the samurai society in medieval times and imitated the Sugihara-gami of the originator in the Harima Province), and was distributed greatly in Edo and used for Edo karakami.

• 江戸時代には、全国各地でその地名を冠した尾張萬歳、三河萬歳、その後、大和万歳などが興り、歌舞のみでなく言葉の掛け合い噺や謎かけ問答を芸に加えて滑稽味を増し発展していった。
• In the Edo period, manzai named after its originating location including Owari Manzai, Mikawa Manzai and Yamato Manzai became popular in many places throughout the country, which developed into something much funnier by adding more wisecracks and riddle dialogues to utamai (a performance of singing and dancing).

• 昭和天皇は人間宣言をした後、日本全国各地への巡幸をはじめたが、多大な犠牲者を出した沖縄戦が行われ当時日本と切り離され連合軍の直接統治下におかれた沖縄は、対象とされなかった。
• Emperor Showa, after declaring himself as a human, started Junko (visit by the Emperor) to various places in Japan, but Okinawa, where the Battle of Okinawa took place causing great casualties, and was placed under direct control of the Allied Forces, apart from Japan at that time, was not included.

• 各地の勢力が独立した状況において、既に戦火で荒廃した京都の支配に実質的な意味はなかったが、将軍の御所はいまだ京都にあり、将軍を保護することは自らの力を示す最高の機会だった。
• In the situation that the powers of each place were independent, there was no substantial meaning to rule Kyoto which was already devastated by the fires of war, but the Palace of shogun was still in Kyoto, so that the guard of shogun was the best opportunity to show their powers.

• 各地で食べられているうどんには小麦の生産される土壌、気候、醤油などの醸造業や漁業などの地場産業、流通を担う商人などの存在により、その地域独特の郷土料理となっているものがある。
• Each region has their own Udon noodles regarded as a special dish cherished because of the suitable soil and climate for growing wheat by local industries such as brewing industries of soy sauce and fisheries, as well as by merchants and others involved in distribution.

• 当時の島津氏は上方の情勢に疎かったがために西軍に付かざるを得ない状況となり、この反省から、以後薩摩藩は独立王国の様相を呈し始め、各地に密偵を配置し、情報収集力の増強に努めた。
• The Shimazu clan at that time lacked sufficient knowledge regarding the situation in the Kyoto-Osaka district, so it had no choice but to join the Western Army; it was their regret over this decision that resulted in the Satsuma clan starting to show signs of becoming an independent realm, placing spies in various regions and trying to strengthen its ability to collect information.

• それに対して室町将軍も、守護大名の頭越しに各地の武士と主従関係を結び、上記の「奉公衆」を編成し、将軍直轄の軍事力を強化するのみならず、守護大名の領国支配に楔を入れたのである。
• Against such circumstances, Shogun Muromachi hired samurais of various regions over the Shugo daimyos' heads, and formed 'Hoko-shu' as mentioned above, which not only strengthened the direct military power of the shogun but also deterred the control of Shugo daimyos over their lands.

• 金剛山は修験道の開祖、今から約1,300年前、16歳の時から、この山で修行し、全国各地の霊山へ駆け巡ったと伝えられる役行者（えんのぎょうじゃ）が修行した山として知られている。
• Mt. Kongo is known as a mountain where EN no Gyoja, the founder of mountain asceticism, who started practicing at the age of 16 when it was 1,300 years ago, and visited sacred mountains across the country, practiced mountain asceticism.

• しかし、他にも「長慶天皇墓」と称する陵墓も全国各地に点在しており、青森県、川上村 (奈良県)（奈良県）、太田市（群馬県）、二戸市（岩手県）など20ヶ所に及ぶとも言われている。
• However, there are as many as twenty places in Japan that are supposed to be the mausoleum of the Emperor Chokei, such as Aomori Prefecture, Kawakami Village (Nara Prefecture), Ota City (Gunma Prefecture) and Ninohe City (Iwate Prefecture).

• 特に、鳥のように自由に空を飛び回る天狗が住んでいたり、腰掛けたりすると言われている天狗松（あるいは杉）の伝承は日本各地にあり、山伏の山岳信仰と天狗の相関関係を示す好例である。
• Particularly, there is folklore with Tengu flying through the sky like a bird, or that the Tengu pine (or cedar), on which they say the Tengu sits, exists all over Japan, thus providing a good example to show the correlation between the mountain worship of the Yamabushi monks and the tengu.

• その後は代々一色氏の居城としてつづいたが、1579年（天正7）に織田信長の命を受けた細川幽斎が丹後を攻撃、各地で敗れた一色軍は建部山城に篭城するが細川軍の猛攻の前に崩壊する。
• After that, the Isshiki clan held Takebeyama-jo Castle for several generations until 1579 when Yusai HOSOKAWA attacked Tango under the orders of Nobunaga ODA, and the Isshiki army barricaded themselves in the castle after losing each battle fought, but eventually fell under the Hosokawa army's fierce attack.

• 江戸時代の古書によれば、お化けを意味する児童語のガゴゼやガゴジはこの元興寺が由来とされ、実際にガゴゼ、ガゴジ、ガンゴジなど、妖怪の総称を意味する児童語が日本各地に分布している。
• According to an old book written during the Edo period, Gagoze/Gagoji, which is a children's term for ghosts, originated in this Gango-ji Temple; in fact, children's terms for specters, such as Gagoze/Gagoji/Gangoji can be found in various places in Japan.

• このため、各地に古くから伝わる伝統的な番茶には様々な製法で作られたものがあり、茶の木から葉を摘み取って自然乾燥させただけの薬草茶の様なものから中国茶のような発酵茶まで存在する。
• Because of this, traditional bancha of various regions have differing manufacturing methods, ranging from those like herbal teas which consist only of leaves which have been dried naturally, to fermented teas like those from China.

• 祭神の性格から、その多くは7月から8月にかけて、疫病退散、厄除けを祈願して行われる夏祭りであり、総本社である京都の八坂神社（祇園社）のものを始めとして、日本各地で行われている。
• Most of the Gion Matsuri Festivals are held in summer, from July through August, praying for protection from plague and evil to the enshrined deity; the festivals are held around Japan, including the one held by the Yasaka-jinja Shrine (Gionsha) of Kyoto, sohonsha (main shrine).

• 後醍醐天皇は六波羅探題南方の北条維貞（北条得宗一族）が鎌倉へ赴いている最中に鎌倉幕府討幕を企て、側近の日野資朝、日野俊基らは諸国を巡って各地の武士や有力者に討幕を呼びかけていた。
• Emperor Godaigo planned to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu while the Rokuhara Tandai Minamikata, Koresada HOJO (the Hojo-Tokuso family) was heading for Kamakura, and Suketomo HINO, Toshimoto HINO and others traveled around the country trying to convince samurai and other influential people to help overthrow the bakufu.

• 平安時代以降、平安京の都市生活者向けの商工業が発達し、特に国内流通が活発化した江戸時代には、全国に製品を出荷する工業都市となる一方、数々の技術者を各地の藩の要請に従って派遣した。
• Beginning in the Heian period, commerce and industry for urban dwellers in Heian-kyo developed; particularly in the Edo period when domestic distribution became prevalent, Kyoto City became an industrial city, shipping goods nationwide and providing technicians to local clans upon request.

• 関西ではお好み焼きはコテでさいの目状に切って箸を使わずに食べるが、関東をはじめとする日本各地の出身の人たちは、ピザと同じようにお好み焼きの中心から放射状に切って食べることが多い。
• Kansai people eat okonomiyaki with a spatula by cutting it in sainome (diced) without using chopsticks, but many people from various regions as well as Kanto eat it by cutting it radially from the center like pizzas.

• 中世末の複雑な支配権の並存する体制に不満を持つ村々に国人・土豪が真宗に改宗することで加わり、「一向一揆」と呼ばれる一郡や一国の一向宗徒が一つに団結した一揆が各地で起こるようになる。
• Kokujin (village heads) and Dogo (powerful families) converted to Shinshu and joined the village people who were discontent with the system with complicated and multiple lordship in the end of the middle ages, and uprising called 'Ikko-Ikki' were staged throughout the nation by united Ikko Shu followers from the whole county or province.

• 一方、了翁道覚禅師は錦袋円という漢方薬の販売により、収益金で鉄眼の一切経の開刻事業を援助する一方、完成本を誰もが見られるようにする勧学院を各地に建て、日本の図書館の先駆けとなった。
• On the other hand, Zen Master Ryoo Dokaku helped Tetsugen to carve Issaikyo wood blocks with revenue from the sales of the Chinese herb 'kintaien,' and he built Kangakuin in many places in order that everyone could read it, thus setting a precedent for the library system in Japan.

• なお、一般的な蕎麦ではないが、長野県松本市奈川地方にしゃぶしゃぶのような「長野県」（後述、各地の名物そば長野県を参照）という温かい鍋に蕎麦をつけてから食す変わった食べ方の蕎麦もある。
• It is not a common soba dish but, in the Nagawa area of Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture, there is an unusual way of eating soba known as 'Nagano-ken' (Nagano Prefecture) (see Nagano Prefecture under Regional specialty soba around the country discussed later), a shabu-shabu like hot pot in which soba is dipped to eat.

• その伊勢神宮を建て直すため、神宮で祭司を執り行っていた御師は外宮に祀られている豊受大神に目をつけ、農民に伊勢神宮へ参拝してもらうようにカレンダーを配るなど各地へ布教するようになった。
• In order to rebuild the Ise-jingu Shrine, onshi who performed rituals of the shrine focused on Toyouke no Okami (Grand Divine Toyouke) enshrined in the geku (the outer shrine) and performed missionary work in various areas, such as distributing calendars, to encourage peasants to visit the Ise-jingu Shrine.

• 歌舞伎 - 歌舞伎の創始者とされているのは女性であるが、各地で歌舞伎劇と売春を兼ねる集団が出現するなど風紀上の問題から、女人禁制となり、現在に連なる男性のみの「野郎歌舞伎」となった。
• Kabuki: Although the founder of kabuki was regarded as a woman, nyonin kinsei has been implemented because of the problems of morality such as the appearance of groups which played kabuki and provided prostitution, giving rise to 'Yaro Kabuki,' which persists in the present day.

• 建物の絵を描いた土器は西日本の各地で46例見つかっており、そのうち15例がこの遺跡から出土した土器で、屋根飾りを付けた建物の絵はこの遺跡で6例、隣村の清水風（天理市）で1例あるのみ。
• Forty-six earthen vessels on which pictures of buildings are drawn have been founded in various places in Western Japan; of them fifteen came out from these ruins and six vessels on which pictures of buildings with roof decorations are drawn were found in these ruins and only one in the neighboring village, Kiyomizukaze (Tenri City).

• 洋式便器と男性用小便器は20世紀になってから日本に登場し、イギリス軍やアメリカ軍などの欧米諸国を中心とした連合国軍最高司令官総司令部が日本を占領していた頃に劇的に日本各地に広まった。
• Yoshiki (Western style) lavatory basin and the urinal for male appeared in Japan in the twentieth century and during the period when the General Headquarters (GHQ), which centered on Western nations such as the British army or American army and so on, occupied Japan, they dramatically spread across Japan.

• 地中海沿岸からヨーロッパ各地に諸聖人の遺骨（聖遺物または不朽体）またはキリストの磔刑、ノアの箱舟の跡などの遺物を祭ったとされる教会、聖堂などが多数あり、そのような地への巡礼が行われた。
• Pilgrims traveled to numerous churches and cathedrals throughout the Mediterranean region and Europe that venerate the remains of saints (sacred relics or immortal body) or relics of the crucifixion of Christ or remains of Noah's Ark.

• 武家方の目を眩ます陽動作戦のため、吉野朝の後村上天皇（義良）が身代わりの天皇として表に立ったため、興国天皇（守永）は、 内伝の天皇として身分を隠し、守永親王として東日本各地を転戦した。
• Because Emperor Gomurakami (Noriyoshi) of the Yoshino Court stood up in front to distract samurai families, Emperor Kokoku (Morinaga) hid his position as the Emperor and fought in various places in the eastern side of Japan as Imperial Prince Morinaga.

• その遂行のために蓮淳の娘婿で加賀の末寺の一つ超勝寺（元は越前にあり前述の本泉寺とともに追放されていた）の住持であった実顕が代官に任じられて「両御山」体制を否認する命令を加賀各地に出す。
• In order to carry out the policy, Jikken, who was Renjun's adopted son-in-law and the chief priest of Chosho-ji Temple, one of branch temples in Kaga Province (originally it has been in Echizen Province, but it was banished as with Honsen-ji Temple mentioned previously) was appointed as deputy and issued an order to deny 'Two Temples' system throughout Kaga Province.

• なお、奈良時代、聖武天皇の命で各地に建立された国分寺の伽藍配置を見ると、1塔1金堂形式が基本で、塔は伽藍の中軸線上には建たず、回廊の内側または外側の東または西に寄った位置に建っている。
• The garan layout of Kokubun-ji temples, being provincial temples established in each province of Japan by the Emperor Shomu in the Nara period, have one pagoda and one main hall in general; in this layout the pagoda was not built on the central pivot line of the garan but was built inside the corridors, or outside the corridors either on the east or the west side.

• 大和国（奈良県）の萬歳が千秋萬歳として京都で行われ、後に尾張萬歳、三河萬歳へと伝わり、さらに全国各地に広まったものと思われるが、尾張萬歳、三河萬歳とも、伝承由来はこの通りとしていない。
• It seems that the manzai in Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture) was performed as senzumanzai in Kyoto and later introduced to Owari-manzai and Mikawa-manzai and furthermore across Japan, however, both Owari-manzai and Mikawa-manzai does not accept the origin of tradition.

• たとえば『水滸伝』では百八の魔星が飛び散り、のちに豪傑英雄として各地に現われるが、『八犬伝』では八つの数珠玉が飛び散り、のちに八犬士として世に現われる、というように発端と構成が共通する。
• For example, both stories have a similar beginning and structure, as can be seen from the fact that in 'Suikoden' 108 magic stars fly in all directions and later appear as heroes and heroines in various locations while in 'Hakkenden' eight beards fly in all directions and later appear as the eight dog warriors.

• 銘醸地の聞こえ高い灘五郷も、もともとは農業だけでは生活できない貧しい村々であったが、寛政あたりから灘酒の評判はつとに高まり、彼ら農民は高給を以って酒師として各地へ招聘されるようになった。
• Nada Go-go, which was well known as a great sake-brewing district, had been originally a group of poor villages where farming could not produce enough money to live, but Nada sake rapidly became popular in about the Kansei era and peasants in this district began to be invited to various regions as sakashi at high salaries.

• 各地で半旗が掲揚された他、全国のテレビ・ラジオ放送（NHK教育テレビ・NHKラジオ第二を除く）も終夜報道特別番組が編成され、テレビコマーシャルが自粛、公共広告機構のCMに差し替えられた。
• People flew a flag at half-mast throughout the country, and national TV and radio broadcasting stations (except NHK Educational Television and NHK Radio 2) organized special program schedules for the whole day with the voluntary replacement of TV commercials with advertisements of the Japan Ad Council.

• 明治維新の際、北桑田郡山国郷（現在の京都市右京区京北）で勤皇を標榜する山国隊が、南桑田郡馬路村（現在の亀岡市馬路町）では弓箭隊が結成され、山陰道鎮撫総督西園寺公望に従って各地を転戦した。
• During the Meiji Restoration, partisans of the Emperor formed the Yamaguni-tai in Yamagunigou, Kitakuwada District (the present Keihoku, Ukyo-ward, Kyoto city) and the Yumiya-tai in Umajimura, Minamikuwada District, following San'indo Chinbu Sotoku Kinmochi SAIONJI from one place to another to fight.

• なお、一色氏の一族は各地に点在しており、関東には鎌倉公方の御一家として幸手城主一色氏（一色直氏の孫の一色長兼の一族）がおり、古河公方の終焉まで仕え、江戸時代には旗本や水戸藩として続いた。
• Incidentally, the Isshiki clan families were scattered around the country, and in Kanto there existed the Satte Castellan Isshiki clan (a family of Osakane ISSHIKI, who was a grandchild of Naouji ISSHIKI) as a family of the Kamakura Kubo, and they served Koga Kubo till the end; moreover, the clan continued as the hatamoto (direct retainer of the shogun) and the domain of Mito during the Edo period.

• - 屋台とは商売の方法ではなく、簡易の屋根と売り台を持って商売をする形態であり、的屋などもこの形態を用いる者もあるが、一般的には日本各地に見られる屋台街といわれる屋台の飲食店などを指す。
• Yatai is not a method of business, but the use of a simple roof and counter, and while some tekiya conduct business in this way the word generally refers to yatai restaurants called yatai-gai seen all over Japan.

• この逸話を基に岩手県内を始め各地に伝わる蘇民祭を始め、京都の八坂神社や伊勢・志摩地方の年中行事で厄除け祈願として、茅の輪潜りや蘇民将来護符の頒布、注連飾りなどの祭祀が盛んに行われている。
• Based on this episode, rituals such as Chinowa kuguri; going through a ring of Chigaya, distribution of talisman of Somin shorai, and shimekazari (sacred Shinto rope with festoons), are actively performed as a prayer for protection from evil in Somin-sai Festival that takes place in various places including within Iwate prefecture in the Yasaka-jinja Shrine in Kyoto and in Ise and Shima regions as an annual event.

• なお、全日本学生弓道連盟（全学連）は全日本弓道連盟の傘下には属さない独立の組織であり、全学連および傘下の各地区連盟による各種試合は以下とは異なる点もある（詳細は全日本学生弓道連盟参照）。
• Meanwhile, the Kyudo Federation of Students Association (Zengakuren) is an independent organization that is not affiliated with the All Nippon Kyudo Federation, and the matches arranged by Zengakuren and their affiliated local federations may be different from the below (refer to the Kyudo Federation of Students Association for details).

• 楽市・楽座（らくいち・らくざ）は、日本の近世（16世紀から18世紀ごろまで）において織田信長、豊臣秀吉の織豊政権や各地の戦国大名などにより城下町などの支配地の市場で行われた経済政策である。
• Rakuichi-rakuza (free markets and open guilds) was an economic policy implemented in the markets of government controlled areas such as castle towns by the Shokuho government (the government of Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI) and the Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) during the early modern period (16th century to 18th century) in Japan.

• いっぽう幕末になると名古屋の吉沢検校の『花の縁』、『夏衣』などをはじめ九州の『尾上の松』、『海女小舟』、広島の『花形見』など、各地でも京流手事物の形式にのっとった曲が作られるようになった。
• On the other hand, across Japan in the end of Edo period, the works which applied the form of Kyoto-style tegotomono were composed, such as 'Hana no enishi,' 'Natsugoromo' and so on by kengyo YOSHIZAWA in Nagoya, 'Onoe no Matsu' (Pine Tree On Mountain) and 'Ama obune' in Kyushu and 'Hanagatami' in Hiroshima and so on.

• その形式は楕円形の馬場と3頭以上の馬を用いてレースを行うというものであり、まもなく日本人によって日本各地で近代競馬が模倣されるようになったが、そのための場として祭典競馬が盛んに利用された。
• It was a race by three or more horses on an oval track and the form of the modern horse racing was taken over by Japanese and this form of race gradually spread everywhere in Japan, however, the traditional saiten keiba were used as the venue.

• 15世紀後半の応仁の乱ないし明応の政変以降は戦国時代 (日本)とも呼ばれ、それまでの「幕府 - 守護体制」が崩壊するとともに、各地に地域国家が並立するようになり、また、荘園公領制が崩壊した。
• Starting in the latter half of the fifteenth century, with the Onin War and the Meio Coup, a roughly hundred-year era known as the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) began; during this period, the bakufu-daimyo system in place up until this point collapsed, and all the various provinces essentially became independent states unto themselves, while the shoen-koryo (private estates and public territory) system of land ownership disintegrated.

• 後醍醐天皇は京都を脱出して吉野へ逃れ、「北朝に渡した神器は贋物であり光明天皇の皇位は正統ではない」と主張して吉野に南朝（吉野朝廷）を開き、北陸や九州など各地へ自らの皇子を奉じさせて派遣する。
• Emperor Godaigo, on the other hand, escaped from Kyoto, fleeing to Yoshino and insisting that 'The Imperial Regalia I handed over to the Northern Court are fake; Emperor Komyo's throne is not the true Imperial throne' before establishing his own Court at Yoshino (the Southern Court), sending his own sons in obedience to his wishes to various areas, including Hokuriku and Kyushu.

• ドイツの作曲家シュトックハウゼンの電子音楽「テレムジーク」は、作曲者によって採集された世界各地の音を電子音と融合させた作品であるが、日本を代表する音として雅楽とお水取りの声明が選ばれている。
• The electronic music 'Telemusik' by German composer Stockhauzen is the work in which the sounds collected by the composer himself around the world are blended with the electronic sounds and as a symbolic sound of Japan the sound of gagaku and Shomyo of Omizutori are chosen.

• 太平洋戦争などで焼失した国宝の天守をコンクリート造りなどによって外観復元する事業が戦後活発に行われ、現在でも各地で、天守などを当時の工法によって城跡を旧状に復興・復元しようとする運動がある。
• Projects were actively going on after the War to externally restore, by concrete, Tenshu designated as national treasures which had burned down in the Pacific War and, even today, there are movements to restore the ruins of castles including Tenshu by the building methods of those days.

• だが、日本では古来より、収穫された米を神道に捧げる際に、このどぶろくを作って供える事で、来期の豊穣を祈願する伝統を残す地域があり、この風習は現代でも日本各地のどぶろく祭等により伝えられている。
• However, in Japan, some regions still have an ancient tradition of making and offering Doburoku together with harvested rice to the Shinto gods, praying for good harvests in the next year, and even today, this custom is practiced at Doburoku Festivals held in various regions in Japan.

• 最も一般的な形式は池泉回遊式庭園（ちせんかいゆうしきていえん）と呼ばれるもので、大きな池を中心に配し、その周囲に園路を巡らして、築山、池中に設けた小島、橋、名石などで各地の景勝などを再現した。
• The most typical such gardens are called Chisen Kaiyu style gardens, in which a big pond is placed at the center, walking paths are provided around the pond, and the landscape, for example, of a scenic spot was reproduced with tsukiyama (artificial miniature hills), small islands in the pond, bridges and beautiful stones.

• 柔術の流れを汲む柔道の試合に当身技がなく、幕末あたりから各地で行われた他流試合や乱捕稽古も当身技を禁じていた場合が多いこと（現代柔道では多くの形が演武用、セレモニー用となっている傾向がある。)
• Firstly, the jujutsu descendant judo has no atemi-waza in its match, and jujutsu itself often forbade atemi-waza in 'taryu jiai' (a contest between representatives of different schools) and in randori, which both began to be held in many places from around the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate; in today's judo's atemi-waza, many 'kata' tend to become an art for a show or for a ceremonial performance.

• 摂関家は保元の乱によって藤原忠実の知行国・頼長の所領が没収された上に、家人として荘園管理の武力を担っていた源為義が処刑されたことで各地の荘園で紛争が激化するなど、その勢力を大きく後退させていた。
• This branch of regents and advisors had suffered the confiscation of FUJIWARA no Tadazane's chigyo-koku (provincial fiefdom) as well as Yorinaga's territories due to the Hogen Rebellion, and worse yet the execution of MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi, a retainer on whose military strength they had increasingly come to rely to manage their shoen properties; as a result, their power had greatly waned, as evidenced by the disputes over ownership of their lands escalating all over the country.

• 討幕計画に参加した上皇方の「合戦張本公卿」と名指しされた一条信能、葉室光親、源有雅、葉室宗行、高倉範茂ら公卿は鎌倉に送られる途上で処刑され、その他の院近臣も各地に流罪になったり謹慎処分となった。
• Court nobles such as Nobuyoshi ICHIJO, Mitsuchika HAMARU, Arimasa MINAMOTO, Muneyuki HAMARU, and Norishige TAKAKURA who had joined the Retired Emperor Gotoba in his plan to raise an army against the shogunate (who later became known as the 'kasen-chohon-kugyo,' meaning 'the court nobles behind the attempt to overthrow the shogunate') were sent to Kamakura but executed en route, and the various other ministers close to the retired emperor were banished and dispersed throughout the country or kept under house arrest.

• ただし、中国に渡り玄奘から法相宗の教理を学び日本に伝えた道昭は、このような国家体制の仏教活動に飽きたらず、各地へ赴き井戸を掘ったり橋を架けるなどをして、民衆に仏教を教下する活動を行ったとされる。
• However, it is said that Dosho, who went to China, learned the dogma of the Hosso sect from Genjo and introduced it to Japan, was not satisfied with such activities under the national control as a Buddhist, so he was engaged in an independent mission among the common people though digging wells and building bridges in various regions.

• 弓矢の構造や効果（飛翔性）は、力学や放物線（微分・積分）という概念がない頃から世界各地おいて、それらについて試行錯誤されてきた道具であり、初期の機械工学の発展の要因（機械弓、カタパルト）である。
• The structure and effect (flying capability) of Yumiya has been developed by trial and error in various parts of the world since the period when the idea of dynamics and parabola (differential and integral calculus) were not created, which led to the development of early machine engineering by producing the machine bow and the catapult.

• 鎌倉幕府の滅亡後も、旧北条氏の守護国を中心に各地で反乱が起こっており、7月 (旧暦)には信濃国で高時の遺児である北条時行と、その叔父北条泰家が挙兵して鎌倉を占領し直義らが追われる中先代の乱が起こる。
• Even after the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu, several provinces, especially those for which the Hojo clan formerly held the governorships, arose in counter-rebellion, and in the seventh (lunar) month, in Shinano Province (modern-day Nagano Pref.), Tokiyuki HOJO, the orphan of Takatoki HOJO, and his uncle Yasuie HOJO raised an army and captured Kamakura; Tadayoshi and the others were driven out, and the Nakasendai rebellion (so named because it took place between the old regime, the Hojo, and the new, the Ashikaga) began.

• その後、大和のみならず、山背国葛野郡（現在の京都市右京区太秦）、同紀伊郡（現在の京都市伏見区深草）や、河内国讃良郡（現在の寝屋川市太秦)など各地に土着し、土木や養蚕、機織などの技術を発揮して栄えた。
• The families then settled not only in Yamato Province but in various regions, including Kadono County in Yamashiro Province (present-day Uzumasa, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City), Kii County in the same Province (present-day Fukakusa, Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City), and Sasara County in Kawachi Province (present-day Uzumasa, Neyagawa City); and flourished by putting to work their technical skills in civil engineering, silk worm cultivation, and weaving.

• 現在では、花園神社（東京都新宿区）、大國魂神社 (府中市)（東京都府中市 (東京都)）、鴻神社（埼玉県鴻巣市）、寂光院（群馬県桐生市）など、関東地方各地の社寺で大鳥神社を勧請し、酉の市が行われている。
• Now, shrines and temples all over the Kanto region, including Hanazono-jinja Shrine (in Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo), Okunitama-jinja Shrine (in Fuchu City, Tokyo), Ko-jinja Shrine (in Konosu City, Saitama Prefecture), and Jakko-in Temple (in Kiryu City, Gunma Prefecture), enshrine the divided spirit of the enshrined deity of the Otori-jinja Shrine and hold Tori no ichi.

• 後醍醐天皇は、尊良親王や恒良親王らを新田義貞に奉じさせて北陸へ向かわせ、懐良親王を征西将軍に任じて九州へ、宗良親王を東国へ、後村上天皇を陸奥国へと、各地に自分の皇子を送って北朝方に対抗させようとした。
• Emperor Go-Daigo dispatched his sons to strategically important places to oppose the Northern Court, Princes Takayoshi and Tsuneyoshi to Hokuriku accompanied by Yoshisada NITTA, Prince Kaneyoshi to Kyushu as Seiseishogun (general in charge of the western conquest), Prince Muneyoshi to the East and Emperor Go-Murakami to Mutsu Province, respectively.

• 日蓮の命日の前夜（10月12日）は、お逮夜（おたいや）と呼ばれ、各地から集まった信徒団体の集まり（講中）が、行列し万灯や提灯を掲げ、纏を振り、団扇太鼓や鉦を叩き、題目を唱えながら境内を練り歩くのである。
• On the eve of Nichiren's anniversary (October 12) called Otaiya, groups of believers (kochu) gathered from around the nation parade inside the precincts hoisting mando candles (candles for Buddhist service) and chochin (a lantern), waving matoi (firemen's flag), beating uchiwa-daiko (a round fan drum) and shoko drums and chanting daimoku (Nichiren chant).

• 千利休自刃後利休の一族は各地に四散していたが、徳川家康や前田利家らの嘆願で豊臣秀吉に許され、逃亡していた（逃亡先は飛騨国高山市の金森可重説と阿波国説がある）利休の嫡男千道安が堺市へ帰郷し、家督を相続した。
• Though the Rikyu family had scattered in all directions after SEN no Rikyu killed himself by the sword, they were pardoned by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI with the entreaty by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Toshiie MAEDA, and others, and thereby Doan SEN, the fugitive legitimate son of Rikyu, returned to Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture, and inherited the family estate (It is said that he was in hiding at the place of Arishige KANAMORI in Takayama City of Hida Province, or Awa Province.)

• 国衙の目代と現地の寺社が、寺領荘園の所務を巡り紛争を起こすことは各地で頻発していたが、この事件では白山が山門の末寺で、国司が院近臣・西光の子であることから、中央に波及して山門と院勢力の全面衝突に発展した。
• It was common for the Mokudai of the governor's office and temples/shrines at the province to fight over various aspects regarding shoen (private estates) owned by temples, but this incident sent ripples into the central government and caused a full confrontation between the Sanmon and the cloistered government group because Hakusan was a branch temple of the Sanmon and the governor was a child of Saiko, a close aide of the cloistered government.

• どの戦国大名も従来の大名に替わって室町幕府に「郡検断」「軍勢催促」「段銭徴収」等の諸権力を公認されることで各地域の中心勢力を形成し、そして新しい中央政権たる豊臣秀吉の奥州仕置によって既得権益を追認された。
• Each sengoku daimyo formed the central power of influence in each region by being authorized to execute various powers such as 'jurisdiction,' 'demand for military assistance,' and 'collection of Tansen (tax on rice fields)' by the Muromachi bakufu in place of the existing daimyo and then had their vested interests confirmed by Oshu-shioki (repression of the Oshu region) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as the new central government.

• 勿論、そのような時代になっても全国各地を回って勧進に尽力する勧進聖らも少なくなかったが、反面勧進聖を名乗って実態は物乞いなどの行為を行う者も現れる（前述の勧進比丘尼の遊女化もその1つである）ようになった。
• It is true that, even with the change in circumstances, many monks worked hard traveling the countryside for the sake of their kanjin activities, but there were those who disguised themselves as monks but in effect begged for money (or some kanjin bikuni who prostituted themselves, as mentioned above).

• 柳は小宮山から地蔵菩薩像を贈られるとそれから半年の間に懸案であった朝鮮民族美術館の開館などを済ませると、小宮山らの協力を得て木喰仏の調査研究のため木喰の故郷である丸畑をはじめ日本各地を奔走することになる。
• Although Yanagi was given the statue of Jizo Bosatsu by Komiyama, he was obliged to work on pending tasks for half a year such as opening the Korean Folklore Art Museum etc., but after he opened the museum, he started researching mokujiki-butsu and was throughly engaged in visiting many places in the country such as Mokujiki's birthplace, Maruhata, with the cooperation of Komiyama.

• しかし、この変革は各地の酒蔵に勇気を与え、石川県「加賀鳶」（かがとび）、「黒帯」の福光屋、兵庫県「富久錦」（ふくにしき）の富久錦酒造、茨城県「郷乃誉」（さとのほまれ）の須藤本家などが同様の選択をおこなった。
• However, this change encouraged other sake breweries in various places, so that Fukumitsuya in Ishikawa Prefecture which brewed 'Kagatobi' (literally, black kite in Kaga) and 'Kuroobi' (literally, black sash), Fukunishiki shuzo in Hyogo Prefecture which brewed 'Fukunishiki,' Sudo Honke in Ibaragi Prefecture which brewed 'Sato no homare' made the same decisions.

• 各地の大名によって城下町等に布告されたが、なかでも織田信長は、自分自身が美濃国・加納、近江国・安土町、近江国・金森 (守山市)に楽市・楽座令を布いただけでなく支配下の諸大名に伝達され、各城下町で実施された。
• Rakuichi-rakuza were proclaimed by daimyo throughout Japan, and these included not only those proclaimed by Nobunaga ODA himself in Kano, Mino Province; Azuchi-cho, Omi Province; and Kanamori, Omi Province (Moriyama City); but the practice was also conveyed to all daimyo under his control and rakuichi-rakuza came to be established in various castle towns.

• 実用雑誌らしく「作務衣の選び方」「檀家に喜ばれる和菓子」などの記事や、各地で善行を積んでいる住職のリポートもあるが、「墓地を巡る檀家と住職の泥沼裁判」「住職殺害事件」など、スキャンダラスな記事も多く載せる。
• Like other practical magazines, it has articles such as 'How to choose Samue(Japanese Indigo Working Kimono),' 'Japanese-style confections beloved by parishioners' and reports from chief priests who are piling up beneficence in various places, and also a lot of scandalous articles such as 'The bogging traial for a graveyard between a parishioner and a chief priest' and 'A murder case of a chief priest.'

• 「探幽縮図」と称される探幽筆の古画模写は多数現存しており、各地の美術館や収集家が所蔵しているが、これらには今日では原画が失われてしまった古画の模写も多数含まれており、日本絵画史研究上、貴重な資料となっている。
• Many of Tanyu's copies of ancient paintings (called 'Tanyu Reduction') are existent, which are now part of museums and collections around the nation, and they include many copies of ancient paintings whose originals are now lost, so they are valuable as data for the study of Japanese art history.

• 一方で弓は武器として狩猟、戦場で用いられた事は勿論だが、人々の間で弓矢には霊妙な力があると信じられており、奈良時代には弓矢の奉納、弓射神事が行われ、またそれらを起源とした祭りや神事が現在でも各地に残っている。
• On the other hand, not only was a bow used as a weapon for hunting and for battle, but also Yumiya/Kyushi (bow and arrow) were believed to have spiritual power, so that in Nara Period dedications of Yumiya and Yumiire shrine rituals were performed, which became the origin of present festivals and shrine rituals in various places.

• ただし、現在「醤油だんご」として各地に残るものは商品化しているため、蒸したままの柔らかい団子に生醤油をつけたものや、焼きながら醤油をつけたもの、あるいは、磯辺餅に似たものなど、既に古い製法からの変化が見られる。
• However, since 'soy sauce dumplings' that have remained in various districts are merchandised nowadays, there are variety of recipes that have changed from the old recipe, such as, dipping hot steamed dumplings into raw soy sauce, roasting and dipping dumplings into soy sauce, and something similar to Isobe rice cake.

• 各地の藩造酒は、幕府の酒造統制に翻弄され、それぞれ時代とともに衰滅や復活など多様な経緯をたどりながら日本酒の歴史江戸時代後期まで続いていくが、最終的にほとんどの藩造酒は藩の財政逼迫を救うほどには成功はしなかった。
• Hanzoshu in each region had been greatly affected by brewing policies of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and had eventually survived until the end of the Edo period led by various events reflecting ups and downs in each era, but most hanzoshu was not so successful that it could not help the difficult financial conditions of clans.

• 統計的に見て、赤道付近の太平洋中部～東部にかけて海水温が上昇・西部で低下するエルニーニョ現象が発生したときは、日本各地で梅雨入り・梅雨明け共に遅くなる傾向にあり、降水量は平年並み、日照時間は多めとなる傾向にある。
• From a statistical point of view, if El Nino in which the temperature of sea water increases in the middle and east Pacific Ocean and decreases in the west Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of the equator occurs, there is a tendency tsuyuiri and tsuyuake in Japan delay and the amount of rainfall stays as usual and the hours of sunlight increases.

• こうした重税化の動きに対し酒蔵側は、明治14年（1881年）に高知県の酒造業者が、同県出身の自由民権運動の指導者植木枝盛の助力を得て、酒造税引き下げの嘆願書を政府に提出したのを皮切りに、各地で抵抗に立ち上がった。
• Against this tendency for heavier taxes, the sake breweries protested in various places, triggered by the submission of petitions for a reduction of liquor tax by a sake brewery in the Kochi Prefecture in 1881 supported by Emori UEKI, a leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement from Kochi Prefecture.

• 松囃子では、唱門師や散所などの芸能専業者のみならず村民や町人など各階層の人間が着飾り仮装し、京都においては花の御所へ、地方においては守護など各地の権力者の邸宅へ参向し、日本舞踊や囃子が披露され、祝辞が述べられる。
• In Matsubayashi, not only full-time performers, including Shomonji (lower-ranked diviner) and sanjo (manor's area where people of the sanjo provided special skills to the imperial authority instead of rice tax), but also citizens in every class, including villagers and merchants, put on costumes todress up and visited Hana no gosho (residence of Shogun in Kyoto) or the lords called Shugo in each region; they performed the Classical Japanese dance and musical accompaniment and a congratulatory address was given.

• また、近江商人が日本各地に分散して上方を日本の物資の集散地および金融の中心地へと変えた（江戸幕府は、上方を直轄地とし、さらに御三家の内、東廻り航路の友ヶ島水道に紀州徳川家、東海道・中山道合流地に尾張徳川家を置いた）。
• And the Omi merchants dispersed in various areas in Japan, changing Kamigata area to a collection and distribution center and financial center of Japan (the Edo shogunate directly controlled Kamigata area, and moreover, among three privileged branches of Tokugawa family, placed the Kishu Tokugawa family on the Tomogashima Channel in the eastward sea route, and the Owari Tokugawa family on the junction of Tokai-do Road and Nakasen-do Road).

• 各地の測量には幕府の許可を要したが、幕府も西洋列強の艦船が頻繁に日本近海に現れるようになったため国防上、全国沿岸地図の必要を痛感しており、伊能の事業を有益だと判断したため、測量許可のみならず、全国各藩にも協力させた。
• Though he had to ask the Bakufu for permission to survey various areas, the Bakufu not only granted him permission but also ordered domains throughout the country to cooperate with him because it determined that his operations were beneficial, perceiving a pressing need for a national coastal map in terms of national defense, with warships of the Western posers frequently witnessed in the sea of Japan.

• 当時の王権基盤は未熟な段階にあり、大王の地位が各地域の首長から構成される連合政権の盟主に過ぎなかったことを考慮すれば、直木孝次郎の説くように、5世紀のヤマト政権はまさに「大王と葛城氏の両頭政権」であったと表現出来る。
• The foundation of sovereignty was still underdeveloped during those days, and the position of the Okimi was nothing more than that of a leader of chiefs, assigned to each region of the coalition government; the Yamato regime during the 5th century can be described as the 'diarchy of Okimi and Katsuraki clan' as the historian Kojiro Naoki has decribed.

• 入山権や山の帰属や村境や町境をめぐって紛争があり、人々の無念の思いや被害があったことや、その場所がいわゆる神域などの神聖な場所であったことから、そこに宿る神や紛争で命を落としたものに対して、祭った塚が日本各地に存在する。
• There were conflicts in various locations in Japan over the claim on or ownership of a mountain, or boundaries of villages or towns, and those conflicts consequently left the people involved with bitter disappointment or damage, and in addition those locations were sacred places such as the Shinto shrine precincts; then mounds were erected to shrine the god residing there and the people who died in the conflicts.

• 後醍醐天皇が全国の南朝勢力を結集するため各地に自分の皇子を派遣する中、義良も1338年（延元3年 / 建武5年）に宗良親王や北畠親房らとともに伊勢国大湊から奥州へ向かうが、途中で暴風に遭い一行は離散し、義良は吉野に戻る。
• While Emperor Godaigo dispatched his princes to various places to rally the forces of the Southern Court throughout Japan, Yoshinori, along with Imperial Prince Muneyoshi, Chikafusa KITABATAKE and others, left for Oshu from Ominato in Ise province, but on the way, they were overtaken by a storm and broken up, and then Yoshinori returned to Yoshino.

• ミツガシワやホロムイソウのような寒冷地に分布する植物や、ジュンサイのような各地に自生するような植物、タヌキモやモウセンゴケのような食虫植物、ヌマガヤやイヌノハナゴケといった高層湿原の構成種など、様々な植物が共存している。
• Various plants including those normally found in cold climates such as buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) and rannoch-rush (Scheuchzeria palustris), those that are grown wild in various regions such as water shields, carnivorous plants such as Utricularia japonica and roundleaf sundew (Drosera rotundifolia), and constituents of high moors such as Moliniopsis japonica (Hack.) Hayata and イヌノハナゴケ are coexisting in Midoroga-ike Pond.

• なお、茎ほうじ茶はお茶の生産地であれば日本各地で生産されているが、特に過去石川県のある製茶場が「献上加賀棒茶」という製品を製品化し昭和天皇に献上したという経緯があったため、加賀棒茶がより一般に名前が知られるようになった。
• Although kuki-hojicha leaves are produced across Japan, kaga-bocha has been the most widely known kind because a tea manufacturing plant in Ishikawa Prefecture manufactured a product called 'kenjo kaga-bocha' and offered it to the Emperor Showa.

• 1883年（明治16年）に東京の上野公園で「第一回水産博覧会」が、1908年（明治41年）に「大日本水産会第一回鰹節即売品評会」が開催されるなど、各地で鰹節の品評が行なわれ、東の焼津節・西の土佐節の品質が高く評価された。
• Katsuobushi fairs were held nationwide, such as 'the First Fisheries Exhibition' in Ueno Park, Tokyo, in 1883, and 'Japan Fisheries Association's First Katsuobushi Fair and Spot Sale' in 1908, and at those fairs Yaizu-bushi (of eastern Japan) and Tosa-bushi (of western Japan) were highly evaluated for their quality.

• その後も義昭は征夷大将軍職を解任されていない事を盾に各地で幕府再建運動を行うが、信長、そして豊臣秀吉による新秩序形成の勢いを前には全くの無力であり、義昭の京都追放の時点をもって室町幕府および室町時代の終期と看做されている。
• Thereafter, using the fact that Yoshiaki had never officially been dismissed from the post of Seii taishogun as a pretext, movements did arise in various provinces to restore the bakufu to power, but against the momentum of the new governmental structure created by Nobunaga and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, such efforts were entirely fruitless, and so the Muromachi bakufu--and the Muromachi period itself--is considered to have ended at the point Yoshiaki was driven from Kyoto.

• 室町・戦国時代 (日本)の混乱時代、農業生産高は爆発的に増加したが、各地にモザイクのように存在する割拠勢力はそれぞれ消長を繰り返し、また支配下にも多くの自立領主がいるため、自領の実質総農業生産高を把握するのも困難であった。
• In the tumultuous years of the Muromachi period and the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), there was a tremendous increase in agricultural production, but because all Japan had become a jigsaw puzzle made up of nodes of local authority who went through an endless cycle of prosperity and decline, and because the period also saw many feudal lords begin to declare their independence, it became extremely difficult to keep track of the true total agricultural productivity even on the land within one's own jurisdiction.

• 近親者を殺されてその復讐をする例は、南イタリアを始めとして、世界各地で見られるが、江戸時代の敵討は、喧嘩両成敗を補完する方法として法制化されていたことと、主眼は復讐ではなく武士の意地・面目であるとされていた点に特徴がある。
• Cases of revenge after the killing of a close relative are found in various parts of the world, including southern Italy; however, the characteristic of Katakiuchi in the Edo period is that it was legitimized as a method to supplement Kenka Ryoseibai (in a quarrel both parties are to blame) and that the aim was not the revenge but the pride or honor of a samurai.

• これを、南部氏が政季を傀儡とし北方海域の各地に広く分布していた安藤氏の同族を掌握したため、北方海域の安定化と幕府権威の浸透につながったとし、このとき下国家は断絶し潮潟安藤政季から新たに檜山安東氏が始まるとしている説がある。
• According to one theory, the Nanbu clan used Masasue as a puppet player, to control the Ando line families settled in a wide range of the northern maritime area, and this policy contributed to the stabilization of the northern maritime area and the penetration of the bakufu's influence into this area, and from this point, the Shimonokuni family was discontinued and the Hiyama Ando clan emerged from Masasue ANDO of Shiokata, in return.

• 支城網（しじょうもう）とは日本の主に戦国時代 (日本)に発達した、各地域の拠点や本拠となる本城と、それを守るように周囲に補助的役割の支城・枝城・端城などと呼ばれる城・砦・陣屋群を張り巡らせた防衛及び統治ネットワークを指す。
• Shijo-mo (branch castle network) refers to a defense or governing network of castles, forts and fortifications called branch castles (shijo, edajiro, hajiro) performing a support function and scattered around a main castle which is the stronghold or base in each region developed mainly in the Sengoku Period (Japan).

• 藤原山蔭が鯉をさばいて以来の伝統と言われる技法を烏帽子・直垂をまとった姿で再現し、庖丁と真魚箸（まなばし）のみを用いて、鯉・鯛・鰹などの素材に一切手を触れることなくさばいていくもので、各地の神事などで奉納されることがある。
• The technique which is described as a tradition harking back to a time when FUJIWARA no Yamakage cleaned carp is revived by a performer in a lacquered hat and hitatare (samurai's large square-cut coat with cord laced sleeve edges) cutting and trimming such material as carp, sea bream, and bonito without touching the fish by using only a kitchen-knife and manabashi (type of long chopsticks used in the preparation of fish), which is sometimes dedicated on ritual occasions throughout Japan.

• 翌昭和17年（1942年）、既存の武徳会は改組され会長に東條英機内閣総理大臣、副会長に厚生省・文部省・陸軍省・海軍省・内務省 (日本)の各大臣と学識経験者1名をそれぞれ招き、理事長に民間人、各支部長には各地の知事をあてた。
• In 1942, the existing Butoku Kai was reorganized with Prime Minister Hideki TOJO as its chairman, the ministers of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Education, Ministry of the Army, Ministry of the Navy, Ministry of the Interior and an academic expert as vice-chairmen, a private citizen as administrative director, and governors of the region as the heads of the branches.

• 「凱風快晴」や「山下白雨」のように、富士山を画面いっぱいに描いた作品から、「神奈川沖浪裏」や「甲州伊沢暁」のように遠景に配したものまであり、四季や地域ごとに多彩な富士山のみならず、各地での人々の営みも生き生きと描写している。
• Some of these prints have Mt. Fuji filling the whole picture space as in 'Gaifu kaisei' (South Wind, Clear Sky [also known as Red Fuji]) or 'Sanka hakuu' (Rainstorm Beneath the Summit); others have distant views of Mt. Fuji as in 'Kanagawa oki namiura' (The Great Wave off Kanagawa) or 'Koshu Isawa no Akatsuki' (Dawn at Isawa in Kai Province); in this way, this series vividly portrays not only various scenery of Mt. Fuji in the four seasons and in different places but also daily lives of local people.

• 他に群馬県甘楽郡の2町1村・滋賀県彦根市・兵庫県尼崎市・島根県松江市・高知県幡多郡の2町1村・福岡県嘉麻市・長崎県五島列島の福江島など日本各地において類似の話が残っており、それらが相互に影響しあいながら成立したものであろう。
• Similar stories also remain all over Japan: In two towns and one village of Kanra-gun, Gunma Prefecture; Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture; Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture; Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture; two towns and one village of Hata County, Kochi Prefecture; Kama City, Fukuoka Prefecture; the Island of Fukue, Goto-retto Island, Nagasaki Prefecture: and it is assumed that those stories were made with a mutual influence on each other.

• 「川端画学校」は明治42年に東京小石川に設立された私立の画塾ではあるが、大正2年に創設者の川端玉章が逝去したのちも、芸術にあこがれる若者を各地から集めて、大東亜戦争さなかの廃校に至るまで、画家のみならず多くの才能を輩出した。
• The Kawabata Art School (Kawabata ga gakko), a private art school established in Koishikawa, Tokyo in 1909, gathered young people who admired art from all over Japan even after the death of the founder Gyokusho KAWABATA in 1913, and turned out many talented people as well as painters until its abolishment during the Greater East Asia War.

• また、寒造りが主流となったことによって、酒造りは冬に限られた仕事となったので、農民が出稼ぎとして冬場だけ杜氏を請け負うようになり、やがて各地にそれぞれ地域的な特徴を持った杜氏の職人集団が生成されていったという側面もうまれた。
• As kanzukuri became the main method, sake brewing became restricted to winter and farmers became sake brewers as an extra job only during the winter, and toji worker groups began to form in each district.

• 披講所役による朗詠そのものの持つ「質的な魅力」に加え、各地の国民の詠進歌が披露されるという全国大会のような興味、また、御製・皇后宮御歌・皇族の詠進歌には詠者の心情・近況が示唆されることもあり、注目を浴びる宮中行事の一つである。
• Utakai Hajime is one of the attention-grabbing court functions because of the fact that Hikojoyaku's recitation is attractive in its quality, that people are interested in such a national contest at which poems of people throughout Japan are presented, and that sometimes ohomi uta, ohokisai no miyano miuta and poems of other Imperial Family members suggest feelings and recent situations of the writers.

• 元祖を名乗る店は、東京都新宿区住吉町 (新宿区)(大角玉屋「いちご豆大福」)、群馬県前橋市（金内屋）、三重県津市（とらや本家）、三重県伊賀市（欣榮堂）、滋賀県大津市（松田常盤堂）、岡山県倉敷市（甘月堂）など全国各地に点在する。
• These shops are dotted all over the country and include Osumi Tama-ya in Sumiyoshi-cho, Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo that sells 'Ichigo Mame-daifuku' (a kind of ichigo daifuku where the rice cake contains beans); Kaneuchi-ya in Maebashi City, Gunma Prefecture; Tora-ya Honke in Tsu City, Mie Prefecture; Kinei-do in Iga City, Mie Prefecture; Matsuda Tokiwa-do in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture; and Kangetsu-do in Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture.

• 杜氏の発生の前提として、まず日本酒の産業革命ともいうべき、鴻池善右衛門による大量仕込み樽の技法が慶長5年（1600年）に開発されたこと、さらに、幕藩体制が敷かれ、各地方において農民と領主の関係が固定したことの二つが挙げられる。
• There were two facts which triggered toji; firstly Zen-emon KONOIKE developed a technique of large-sized preparation barrels in 1600, which can be said to be the industrial revolution of Japanese sake, and secondly the shogunate and domain system was established and it settled a relation between peasants and their lord in each region.

• 室町時代になると、各地で味噌が発達し、調味料というよりは保存食として用いられるようになった（現代では、味噌というとペースト状のものが想起されるが、元々の味噌は米や麦の粒がそのままにぽろぽろした状態であり、つまんで食べられる）。
• In the Muromachi period, miso was developed everywhere and used as preserved food rather than as seasoning (today, when miso is mentioned, the past comes to mind, but the original miso was retained the grains of rice or barley, and was eaten with the fingers).

• （なお、20世紀以降の近代建築物の中には、アメリカ海軍が1942年から1943年にかけて全米各地に建造した飛行船のハンガー (航空)（うち9棟が現存）や秋田県に所在する大館樹海ドームなど、大仏殿を上回る規模のものが存在する。）
• (Incidentally, as modern constructions in and after 20th century, the hangars [aviation term] of airships which U.S. Navy built across the United States from 1942 to 1943 [nine of them exist today], the Odate Jukai Dome in the Akita Prefecture, and so on, are larger scale than the Daibutsu-den.)

• 即位した大王が祭られている可能性を指摘する学者もあるが、奈良県だけではなく東京都多摩市の稲荷塚古墳をはじめ東日本など各地で少数ではあるが確認されていることから即位した大王だけを祭る為に造られている可能性に疑いを持つ学者も多い。
• Although some archaeologists indicate that they were possibly dedicated to enthroned kings, many doubt that they were only for enthroning kings, because similar tumuli, if in a small number, were discovered not only in Nara Prefecture, but also in the eastern part of Japan, such as at Inarizuka-kofun Tumulus in Tama City, Tokyo Prefecture.

• また旅回りの的屋の世話役や、庭場の場所決めの割り振りや場所代の取り決めや徴収をする顔役をさし、この顔役を中心に組織化したものが、神農商業協同組合などであり、相互扶助を目的とした露天商の連絡親睦団体として全国の各地域に存在する。
• The Shinno Commercial Cooperative Association and so on, organized around the boss who manage the traveling tekiya, set the niwaba and rents, and collect the rents, is located in various places around Japan and acts as a mutual assistance and communication network for stallholders.

• もともと豆漿は華北を中心に飲まれていたが、1955年に台湾台北県永和市で開店した豆漿店、「世界豆漿大王」（現、新世界豆漿大王）が人気を集め、各地でチェーン展開した事によって、中華文化圏を代表する軽食として知られるようになった。
• Originally, people in northern China used to drink Tochan, but when a tochan shop called 'World Tochan King' (presently New World Tochan King), opened in Eiwa City, Taipei Prefecture, Taiwan, in 1955, the shop became popular and opened chain stores in various locations, so it became known as a snack representing the Chinese cultural area.

• 各地方のインフラ整備や都市の過密化が急激に進められ、四大公害病等の高度経済成長の影の面が顕在化してきていた当時、憩いの場としての自然を見直そうというこの構想は、国民から絶大な支持を得、以後、これを習って数々の自然歩道が整備された。
• At that time, induced by the drastic infrastructure development and urban congestion, negative impacts of the rapid economic growth, including four major pollution diseases, anticipated to become more serious, and therefore, when this project proposed the reevaluation of the nature as a space of relaxation, it gained the public overwhelming support, and since then, following this example, many nature trails has been constructed.

• 平安時代初期までは、朝廷が造酒司（みきのつかさ）などの部署を持ち、内部で酒造を行っていたが、やがて官衙の衰退により技術や人員が外部に流出するようになり、民間の酒造りの中心となったのが大和国や河内国をはじめとする各地の大寺院であった。
• Until the early Heian period the Imperial Court had a department called Mikinotsukasa (Sake brewing) and brewed sake inside the court, but with the declination of kanga (government office), the technique and staff for sake brewing ran out of the court until major temples in many provinces including the Provinces of Yamato and Kawachi began to play a major part in commercial sake brewing.

• 一方関東地方や東北、九州南部などの地域においては、既に中央の統制下から離れた状態のまま、各地域内部において有力武家間の大規模な紛争が発生しており、この戦いとは全く無関係に戦乱状態に突入していた（関東については享徳の乱を参照のこと）。
• On the other hand, in some regions including Kanto, Tohoku and Southern Kyushu, large-scale conflicts had already begun among influential samurai families within individual territories already out of central control, and these areas were already in a state of war irrespective of the battle in and around the capital region (for further information on Kanto, see the article on Kyotoku Incident).

• 1570年から十年にわたって続いた本願寺と織田氏の抗争、いわゆる石山戦争は、要塞化された石山本願寺に立て篭もる顕如らと、各地で織田氏への抵抗運動を繰り広げる本願寺門徒との連携によって本願寺が優勢に立ち、信長を大いに苦しめることとなる。
• The conflict between Hongan-ji Temple and the Oda clan, which began in 1570 and lasted over ten years as the so-called Ishiyama War, burdened Nobunaga heavily, since Hongan-ji Temple had gained the upper hand through the coalition between Kennyo and others who had entrenched themselves in the fortified Ishiyama Honganji Temple, and Hongan-ji Temple followers who carried on a resistance movement against the Oda clan in various regions.

• 遠州の通り名は慶長13年（1608年）駿府城修築の功績によって遠江守に任ぜられたことによるが、これ以外に後陽成天皇御所造営、名古屋城天守閣の修築、松山城 (備中国)の再建など、各地で建物の新造・修繕を務め建築家・造園家として名を馳せた。
• Masakazu's style came to be called Enshu because he was appointed Totomi no kami (the Governor of Totomi (Enshu) Province) due to his achievement in rebuilding Sunpu Castle in 1608; however, he also gained renown as an architect of buildings and gardens, in which capacity he built and restored buildings around Japan, including the building of the Imperial Palace for Emperor Goyozei, the restoration of Tenshukaku Tower at Nagoya Castle and the reconstruction of Matsuyama Castle in Bicchu Province.

• 如乗はかつては本願寺の本寺である青蓮院の僧であったが、門主の義円と張り合っていたため、義円が還俗して室町幕府第6代征夷大将軍足利義教となると、追われる身となって各地を流浪した末に越中国 瑞泉寺 (南砺市)を経て加賀に落ち着いたのであった。
• Although Nyojo was a monk of Shorei-in Temple, which was the main temple of Hongan-ji Temple, he had a conflict with the chief priest, Gien, after Gien returned to secular life and became Yoshimichi ASHIKAGA, the sixth seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Nyojo was chased by the opposition and wandered from place to place, but finally he went to Zuisen-ji Temple (Nanto City) of Etchu Province and then settled into Kaga Province.

• それでも、今日までに各地で微妙に造りと味が異なる流派が形成された事実を鑑みるに、会津藩から会津杜氏、秋田藩から山内杜氏、南部藩から南部杜氏が出たように、当時の藩のバックアップが結果的に二百年近くの歳月を隔てて現代に実を結んでいることになる。
• However, considering the fact that each region has been forming its unique school with its own delicately different method and taste until today, it can be said that support from the clans in those days consequently produces the fruits at present after almost a 200-year long period; for example the Aizu domain produced Aizu Toji, the Akita domain produced Sannai Toji, and the Nanbu domain produced Nanbu Toji.

• 1117年（永久 (元号)5年）阿弥陀仏の示現を受け、「1人の念仏が万人の念仏に通じる」という自他の念仏が相即融合しあうという立場から融通念仏を創始し、称名念仏で浄土に生まれると説き、結縁した人々の名を記入する名帳を携えて各地で勧進を行った。
• In 1117, he received the manifestation of Amida-Buddha and created Yuzu Nenbutsu based on the thought that Nenbutsu recited by oneself and others can be united with each other or 'Nenbutsu recited by a person can be nenbutsu for everybody,' and thereafter he advocated rebirth in Jodo (pure land) by means of Shomyo Nenbutsu (Invocation of the Buddha's Name) and made propagation at various places while carrying a meicho (name list) that was to be used for recording the names of people who made a connection with Buddha.

• 都心では屋台街が古くから存在している地域が日本各地に見られたが、既得権と道路使用や道路占有の問題や食品衛生法や電力、給排水の供給や路上を汚すといった問題などから、万博や世界選手権大会などが開催される地域で、それを契機に排除してきた事実がある。
• In inner-cities, there were various areas in Japan where yatai-gai existed for hundreds of years, but because of vested rights, road-use, and road-occupancy issues, as well as issues regarding the Food Sanitation Act, electricity supply, the supply and drainage of water and street pollution, they were in fact eliminated in areas where expositions and world championships were held, using them as an impetus to have them removed.

• 望まれて抜擢されるという意味の「白羽の矢が立つ」とは、元は「神や物の怪の生け贄となる娘の選択の明示として、その娘の家の屋根に矢が立つ（刺さる）」という、日本各地で伝承される話から来ており、本来は良い意味ではなく、心霊現象としての弓矢を現してる。
• The phrase 'shiraha no ya ga tatsu' which means to be selected among people originates from the tale which has been transmitted in various parts of Japan, that is, 'an arrow is shot as a sign on the roof of the house of which daughter becomes a victim of god or a monster,' so that it does not have a good meaning originally and shows the spiritual aspect of Yumiya.

• 戦国時代 (日本)の群雄割拠が諸国に文化的な独自性を持たせたことも追い風となって、それぞれの土地の一般庶民の食文化との相互補完をベースとしながら、各地に数々の新しいローカルブランドが誕生し、味、酒質、製造量などの点において多様化が進んでいった。
• Promoted by the cultural independencies of various provinces in the rivalry of powerful leaders of the Sengoku period (period of warring states), many new local brands were produced in various places, integrated with the food culture of common people in each places, and they became diversified in the points of taste, quality, amount of production, and so on.

• 参謀の西郷隆盛に補佐され官軍は東海道を下って行くが、この東征の旅路も実はのどかなものであり、親王は常に輿に乗って移動し、途中の宿場で馬の遠乗りをしたり、各地の名産品に舌鼓を打ったり、花見や和歌に興じたりする様子が親王自身の日記に書き残されている。
• The Prince was supported by a staff officer, Takamori SAIGO and as the government army was advancing down the Tokaido, it was recorded in Imperial Taruhito's diary that it was a quiet country road to the east, the Prince was on the palanquin, he went on horseback, riding to far places along the way, ate many nice foods which were popular in various places, and enjoyed looking at Cherry blossoms and writing poetry.

• しかし昨今のアメリカにおける経済発展が、シリコンバレーに代表されるICTを中心としたイノベーションであることがはっきりし、日本も同様のモデルによる経済発展が求められている中、研究開発機能と新産業創出機能を集積した施設が各地で建設されるようになった。
• However, inspired by the fact that the driving force for recent economic development in the US was technological innovation as typified by the information and communication technology (ICT) in Silicon Valley, calls for similar economic development in Japan have grown, so new facilities combining the functions of R&D and the creation of new industries are being built throughout the country.

• この「巡幸」は各地で歓迎をもって迎えられたが、1947年にはその歓迎の盛り上がりぶりに、天皇の政治権力復活を危惧したGHQによって巡幸の1年間中止が決定されるなどの動きもあった（国旗の掲揚はGHQにより禁じられていたが、多数の民衆が掲揚していたため）。
• This 'Junko' was welcomed in each place, but in 1947, because welcoming the Emperor had awoken apprehension about the revival of the Emperor's political powers, movements were made by GHQ to stop Junko for a year (there were many people hoisting national flags even though it was prohibited by GHQ).

• 各居住区の内部は未調査であるが、村の西南部に河内や近江、紀伊など各地の搬入土器が多く出土する市的な場所、また、南部では木器の未成品や青銅器鋳造関連遺物や炉跡、北部ではサヌカイトの原石や剥片が纏まって出土する所などがあり、各種工人の居住の場所と推定される。
• The inside of each resident area remains uninvestigated, but these regions are presumed to have been living spaces for various craftworkers from the fact that in the southwest of the village there is a market-like place where earthen vessels carried in from Kawach, Omi, Ki and so on were found, in the south a place where unfinished wooden cups, remains related to bronze ware casting and remains of furnaces were found and in the north a place where raw stones of sanukite and their fragments were found in clusters.

• 明治時代前期に来日したイギリス人アトキンソンは、1881年に各地の酒屋を視察、「酒の表面に“の”の字がやっと書ける」程度が適温（約130°華氏（55℃））であるとして、温度計のない環境で寸分違わぬ温度管理を行っている様子を観察し、驚きをもって記している。
• Atkinson, who was a British and came to Japan in the early part of the Meiji period, visited sake breweries in various places in 1881 and observed the practice in which temperature control was conducted very accurately without using thermometer telling that the condition in which 'the character 'の' can just be written on the surface of sake' shows the appropriate temperature (approximately 130 degrees Centigrade or 55 degrees Fahrenheit) and he recorded this fact showing his astonishment.

• 拠点となった大河原は伊那谷に属し、南に下れば井伊谷（井伊氏）、北上すると長谷（後述する終焉の地の一つ）を経由して諏訪（諏訪氏）に通じる位置にあり、劣勢が続く南朝方にとっては最重要拠点となり、各地で破れた南朝方の武士達（新田一門など）が逃げ込む事も多かった。
• Okawara was based at Inadani, so going north would bring you, via Hase (one of the death sites mentioned later), to Suwa (home of the Suwa clan), while going south would bring you to Iinoya (home of the Ii clan); given the unfavorable situation they were in, it was an ideal place for the Southern Court, and it was common for samurai of the Southern Court, such as those in the Nitta clan, to escape to this place after losing a battle.

• 元中3年（1386年）南朝より源朝臣を賜姓（後醍醐源氏）され、征夷大将軍右近衛大将となって各地を転戦するが、応永31年（1424年）上野国から三河国に向かう途中、信濃国浪合村（長野県下伊那郡阿智村）の山麓で敵軍（北朝側の土豪・地侍）に囲まれ、自害したという。
• In 1386, the name of Minamoto no Ason (Godaigo Genji, or Minamoto clan in Emperor Godaigo lineage) was bestowed upon him by the Southern Court, and he fought in battles in many places as Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), but in 1424, when he was heading from Kozuke Province to Mikawa Province, he was surrounded by enemies (local clans and samurai who sided with the Northern Court) at Namiai-mura, Shinano Province (present-day Achi-mura, Shimoina-gun, Nagano Prefecture), and committed suicide.

• また、1870年代半ばより中国を中心として東南アジアやインドに至るアジア各地への輸出が始まり、特に東京銀座に秋葉商店を構えた秋葉大助はほろや泥除けのある現在見るような人力車を考案し、性能を高め贅を凝らした装飾的な人力車を制作し、その多くを輸出して大きな富を得た。
• In addition, from the mid-1870s, jinrikisha began to be exported to various Asian countries, ranging from Southeast Asia, centered on China, to India; in particular, Daisuke AKIBA, who opened a shop called Akiba Store in Ginza, Tokyo, invented the current version of the jinrikisha with a covered top and mud flaps, producing decorative jinrikisha with high performance and a sumptuous appearance and making huge profits by exporting most of them.

• 石橋の名を地名に由来するのもだとすると、『姓氏家系大辞典』等では、下野国石橋が和義の名字のもととなったと想定しているが、鎌倉期の足利家領三河国設楽郡内にも石橋の地名があるし、京都市中にも石橋の地名があり、全国各地に石の橋に因んで存在し、未だに由来が判然としない。
• Assuming that the name Ishibashi is derived from the name of a place, some writings including 'Seishi Kakei Daijiten' (a large dictionary of Japanese surnames) state that Kazuyoshi (or Masayoshi) Ishibashi adopted his surname from a place called Ishibashi, Shimotsuke Province, but the origin of the name Ishibashi is unclear because there are many places called Ishibashi; in addition to Ishibashi in Shitara County in Mikawa Province, the Ashikaga clan's territory in the Kamakura period, or another Ishibashi in Kyoto, there are the places which were named after a stone bridge (Ishibashi literally means 'Stone Bridge') throughout Japan.

• 裁判所調査官、裁判所事務官（事務局長たるものを除く。）、裁判所書記官、裁判所速記官、家庭裁判所調査官、家庭裁判所調査官補、執行官及び裁判所技官の勤務する裁判所は、最高裁判所の定めるところにより最高裁判所、各高等裁判所、各地方裁判所又は各家庭裁判所がこれを定める。
• The Court where research law clerks, court administrative officials (except Chief of Secretariat), court clerks, court stenographers, family court research clerks, assistant family court research law clerks, court enforcement officers, and technical officials of the court are to work, shall be designated by the Supreme Court, a High Court, a District Court, or a Family Court as determined by the Supreme Court.

• 清盛の死後、嫡男の重盛はすでに病死し、次男の基盛も早世していたため、平氏の棟梁の座は三男の宗盛が継いだが、凡庸な宗盛は清盛のような器量もなく、全国各地で相次ぐ反乱に対処できず、後白河の奇謀に翻弄され院政勢力も勢力を盛り返すなど、平氏は次第に追いつめられていった。
• Since Kiyomori's legitimate first son, Shigemori, had already died of illness and his second son, Motomori, had also died young, after Kiyomori's death, Kiyomori's third son, Munemori, became the head of the Taira clan; however, he was an ordinary person and was not as capable as Kiyomori, and he therefore could not control rebellions that occurred across the country and was always swayed by eccentric ideas of Goshirakawa, allowing the cloister government to regain power, and as a result, the Taira clan was gradually driven into a corner.

• 蓮の葉商い（蓮の葉商ひ、蓮葉商い）とは、古くから日本各地の朝市や縁日などで、その時々に自生する銀杏、アケビ、椎（しい）などの木の実や五節句、二十四節気の年中行事に必要な季節物をその期日の前に商いしていた者をさす（近年、近代から八百屋や花屋や街商も季節物を売っていた）。
• The term 'trade in lotus leaves' refers to persons who have dealt with ginkgo nuts, akebi or nuts of any beech tree of the genus Castanopsis growing naturally at different times, or with seasonal goods necessary for annual events including the five seasonal festivals and 24 divisions of the old calendar, before the days of such events at morning markets and fairs in various regions of Japan, from the old times (in the later years of the modern period, vegetable shops, flower shops and gaisho (stallholders) sold seasonal goods).

• またその伝承も各地に伝わっており、変わったものとして、紀州に伝わる、山伏に似た白衣を着、自由自在に空を飛ぶ「空神」、岩手県南部では「スネカ」、北部では「ナゴミ」「ナゴミタクリ」という、小正月に怠け者のすねにできるという火まだらをはぎとりに現われる天狗などが伝えられる。
• Its folklore has been handed down in many regions, but among the more rare are 'Kujin (flying god),' which wears white clothing like a Yamabushi monk and flies freely in the sky, as described in Kishu; and 'Suneka' in southern Iwate Prefecture, 'Nagomi' or 'Nagomitakuri' in northern Iwate Prefecture, which appears in order to rip a spot that is believed to appear on a lazy person's shin on the fifteenth day of the new year.

• ただし、天守のような象徴的な建物は安土城以前に全くなかったわけではなく、1469年前後の江戸城にあった太田道灌の静勝軒、摂津国伊丹城（兵庫県伊丹市）、また松永久秀が永禄年間（1558年 - 1569年）に築いた大和国多聞山城や信貴山城の四階櫓などが各地に造られていた。
• However, symbolic structures like Tenshu were not absolutely nonexistent before Azuchi-jo Castle was built; examples from various places include Seishoken of Dokan OTA which had been in Edo-jo Castle around 1469, Settsu Province Itami-jo Castle (Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture), Yamato Province, Tamonyama-jo Castle built by Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Eiroku era (1558-1569), and the Yonkai Yagura (four-story turret) in Shigisan-jo Castle.

• 長大な物語の内容は、南総里見家の勃興と伏姫・八房の因縁を説く発端部（伏姫物語）、関八州各地に生まれた八犬士たちの流転と集結の物語（犬士列伝）、里見家に仕えた八犬士が関東管領・滸我（古河）公方連合軍との戦争（関東大戦、対管領戦）を戦い大団円へ向かう部分に大きく分けられる。
• The long plot of this novel can be roughly divided into three parts; the beginning part telling the sudden rise of the Satomi family in the Nanso region and the fateful connection between Princess Fuse and Yatsufusa (Story of Princess Fusa), the story of eight dog warriors who, born in different places within Kanhasshu, wander and band together (Lives of Dog Warriors) and the part leading to the denouement in which the eight dog warriors, serving the Satomi family, fight the kubo (shogunal representative) allied forces led by Koga, Kanto Kanrei (A shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) (the great battle of Kanto or the war against Kanrei).

• しかし各地の防備の状況が倭寇に漏れるのを恐れ、交易統制のためもあり、1407年、朝鮮王朝は興利倭船（米、魚、塩など日常品の交易をする船）の入港場を釜山浦・薺浦（乃而浦とも、慶尚南道の鎮海市）に制限し、1410年には使送船（使節による通交船）についても同様の措置が取られる。
• However, since the Korean Dynasty was afraid that the information about their defensive preparation along the territory might be leaked to the wako pirates, they limited the entry of koriwasen (ships used to deliver daily necessities such as rice, fish and salt) in 1407, so that these ships were allowed to use only the Pusanpo (port of Busan) and the Seiho (port of Sei, and this port was also called Naijiho), which both were located in Jinhae City, South Gyeongsang Province. The Dynasty also applied the same policy to shisosen (ships used to dispatch envoys) in 1410.

• 現在ある、各地の萬歳には継承者を捜し出して復興させたものが多いが、成立時期が古いとされる三河萬歳（愛知県安城市・西尾市など）と越前萬歳（福井県越前市）が1995年（平成7年）に、尾張萬歳（愛知県知多市）が1996年（平成8年）にそれぞれ国の重要無形民俗文化財に指定された。
• Many of the existing manzai in each place across Japan have found successors and been revived, but Mikawa-manzai (Anjo City, Nishio City and so on in Aichi Prefecture) and Echizen-manzai (Echizen city in Fukui Prefecture), whose time of formation is said to have been old, were designated as the nation's significant intangible folklore cultural assets in 1995, and so was Owari-manzai (Chita City in Aichi Prefecture) in 1996.

• 現代社会の例としては、全国各地の第三セクターにある放棄され廃墟と化している無人遊園地では、深夜になると無人のジェットコースターがひとりでに走り、白馬のメリーゴーランドが生身の白馬に変化し苦しみもがき、迷子の子供がマンホールから次々と這い出てくる不思議な目撃話が語られている。
• At some amusement parks of joint public-private ventures that had fallen into ruin, according to eyewitnesses, roller coasters with no staff would start to run, the white horses of merry-go-rounds would become living white horses and be tormented, and lost children would crawl out from manholes in the middle of the night.

• しかし、1574年には伊勢国長島町 (三重県)の願證寺が織田氏によって滅ぼされ、1575年に越前を織田氏から奪還した一向一揆が覆滅されるなど各地の抵抗がそがれ、1578年には木津川の合戦で本願寺と同盟する毛利氏の水軍が織田水軍に敗れるなど、本願寺の外では敗北を重ねていった。
• However, in 1574 Gansho-ji Temple in Nagashima-cho, Ise-no-kuni (Mie Prefecture) was destroyed by the Oda clan and the resistance movements in various regions settled as Ikko-ikki, which recovered Echizen from the Oda clan, were destroyed in 1575; and the navy of the Mori clan, which was allied with Hongan-ji Temple in Kizugawa-no kassen, was defeated by the navy of the Oda clan in 1578, assuming the defeat of Hongan-ji Temple in various places other than the premises of Hongan-ji Temple.

• 「条」とは、郡・郷よりさらに小さい規模の領域を示す単位であり、郡規模あるいはそれ以上の範囲に領域支配を展開する他の東国有力武士団である三浦氏・千葉氏・小山氏・秩父氏などは、どれも何代か前から多くの有力な一族を各地に分派させているが、北条氏にはそうした一族が少しもみられない。
• A 'jo' is a unit of area smaller than a 'gun' (county) or 'go' (village), and unlike other major armed groups in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) who ruled territories of 'gun' or larger area (e.g. the Miura, Chiba, Koyama and Chichibu clans) and had been scattering their powerful branch families across Togoku since generations before, the Hojo clan did not have any such branch families.

• 広域地方計画及びその実施に関し必要な事項について協議するため、広域地方計画区域ごとに、政令で定めるところにより、国の関係各地方行政機関、関係都府県及び関係指定都市（以下この条において「国の地方行政機関等」という。）により、広域地方計画協議会（以下「協議会」という。）を組織する。
• In order to confer on matters necessary for the Regional Plan and its implementation, for each Regional Plan District, pursuant to the provision of a Cabinet Order, the relevant national administrative organs in the region, relevant Prefectures and relevant designated cities (hereinafter referred to as 'national regional administrative organs, etc.' in this Article) shall organize a Regional Plan Council (hereinafter referred to as 'Council').

• 16世紀に入ると、戦国の動乱の中で、本願寺教団は零細な農民から地侍、土豪などの武士階層に至るその組織力を武器に日本各地で活動を活発化させるが、山科本願寺は天文法華の乱により1532年に戦災にあい、第10代証如は摂津国西成郡（現在の大阪市）に蓮如が開いた石山御坊へと移り、石山本願寺とする。
• Following the dawn of the sixteenth century, amid the turmoil of Sengoku, the Honganji Buddhist sect engaged its activities in various regions in Japan using its power of organization, which was constituted by petty peasants up to samurai hierarchy such as the local samurai, the local ruling families and so on; however, in 1532 Yamashina Honganji Temple suffered damage due to the Tenbun-hokke-no-ran War, and therefore the tenth generation (Shonyo) moved to Ishiyama Gobo, which was opened in Nishinari-gun, Settsu-no-kuni (currently Osaka City) by Rennyo, which became Ishiyama Honganji Temple.

• 吉野の山中にて南朝を開き、京都朝廷(北朝 (日本))と吉野朝廷（南朝）が並立する南北朝時代に後醍醐天皇は、尊良親王や恒良親王らを新田義貞に命じて北陸へ向かわせたほか、懐良親王を征西将軍に任じて九州へ、宗良親王を東国へ、義良親王を陸奥国へと、各地に自分の皇子を送って北朝方に対抗させようとした。
• In the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts, in which the Kyoto Court (Northern Court [Japan]) and Yoshino Court (Southern Court) both stood, the Emperor Godaigo, who set up the Southern Court in the middle of Mt. Yoshino, not only ordered Yoshisada NITTA to dispatch the Imperial Prince Kanenaga and the Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi to Hokuriku region and appointed the Imperial Prince Korenaga Seisei shogun to dispatch him to Kyushu region, but also dispatched other imperial princes of his own to various places such as the Imperial Prince Muneyoshi to the eastern Japan, and the Imperial Prince Norinaga to Mutsu Province, in order to oppose the Northern Court.

• 建物が数個の地方裁判所の管轄区域にまたがつて存在する場合には、その建物に対する強制執行については建物の存する土地の所在地を管轄する各地方裁判所が、その土地に対する強制執行については土地の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所又は建物に対する強制執行の申立てを受けた地方裁判所が、執行裁判所として管轄する。
• In cases where a building exists over multiple jurisdictional districts of district courts, either or any of the district courts having jurisdiction over the location of the land on which such building exists shall have jurisdiction over compulsory execution against such building as the execution court, and the district court having jurisdiction over the location of the relevant land or the district court that has received a petition for compulsory execution against the building shall have jurisdiction over compulsory execution against the land on which such building exists as the execution court.

• ところが、本願寺の法主が証如の代に入ると証如とその後見である蓮淳（蓮如の6男で証如の外祖父）は法主による一門統制を強める政策を採り、その遂行のために蓮淳の娘婿で朝倉氏によって越前から追放されていた末寺の一つ超勝寺の住持であった実顕が代官に任じられて「両御山」体制を否認する命令を加賀各地に出す。
• However, when Shonyo became the lord of Hongan-ji Temple and his guardian Renjun (the sixth son of Rennyo and maternal grandfather of Shonyo) took a policy of keeping the family under control by the lord, they pursued their policy by appointing Saneaki, Renjun's adopted son-in-law and a chief priest in Chosho-ji Temple, one of Hogan-ji Temple's branch temples, who had been expelled from Echizen by the Asakura clan, as local governor to issue an order to reject the 'Two Temples' system throughout Kaga.

• 国土交通大臣は、航空輸送事業者（本邦内の各地間において発着する貨物又は旅客の輸送を、業として、航空機を使用して行う者をいう。以下同じ。）であつて、政令で定める輸送能力が政令で定める基準以上であるものを貨物又は旅客の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化を特に推進する必要がある者として指定するものとする。
• The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall designate air carriers (which means business operators that transport, by aircraft, freight or passengers departing from or arriving at places in Japan; the same shall apply hereinafter), whose transportation capacity specified by a Cabinet Order is beyond the level specified by a Cabinet Order, as air carriers especially required to promote the rational use of energy in freight or passenger transportation.

• 当時の主な銭湯の利用客である市井の人々には「お伊勢参り」や「金毘羅山参り」、「日光東照宮参り」 など日本各地の神社仏閣への「お参り」旅行は参詣本来の目的に加えてイベントであり娯楽であったことも鑑み、人々の平凡な日常にとって宮型造りの銭湯に足を運ぶことはいつかの「お参り」にいざなう魅力的な装置としても機能した。
• Given the fact that for ordinary people, who were main users of sento at that time, taking a trip to 'visit' temples and shrines in various regions in Japan such as 'a pilgrimage to Ise,' 'pilgrimage to Konpirasan,' 'pilgrimage to Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine,' etc., was the original purpose of visiting temples and was also an event or entertainment, shrine-shaped sento also functioned as attractions, thus leading to the eventual tradition of 'temple visiting' in later, less eventful days.

• その後、後村上天皇が摂津国の住吉大社宮司の津守氏の正印殿を約10年間、行宮（住吉行宮）とし、住吉大神を奉じる瀬戸内海の水軍を傘下にして、四国、九州との連絡網を確立し、南朝は各地で活動するが、1363年には山名氏や大内氏の北朝への帰順、楠木正儀の投降などで衰退し、拉致した三上皇を返還するなど講和的態度も示している。
• Afterwards, Emperor Gomurakami made the Shoinden (main shrine building) of the Tsumori clan, who were hereditary chief priests of the Sumiyoshi-taisha Grand Shrine in Settsu Province, his Angu (Sumiyoshi Angu), or temporary lodging especially for an Imperial visit, for about ten years and established a contact route with Shikokua and Kyushu because he held control of the naval forces in the Seto Inland Sea, who worshiped the Sumiyoshi Gods, leading to activities of the Southern Court in various places, but the betrayal of the Yamana clan and Ouchi clan to the Northern Court and the surrender of Masanori KUSUNOKI in 1363 led to its decline and it started to show a shift towards a peaceful stance by returning the three retired emperors.

• 東京、横浜、大阪、神戸の四都市に本社をおく財閥を中央財閥、その他を地方財閥と定義されるが、西宮に本社を持つ辰馬財閥のようにその規模や活動範囲からみても中央財閥としての風格を持つものもあるため、全国的規模の企業活動を行っていた財閥を中央財閥、各地域に限定された企業活動を行っていた財閥を地方財閥と分類することができる。
• A central zaibatsu is generally defined as a zaibatsu whose headquarters are located in Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka or Kobe, while local zaibatsu are the other zaibatsu; however, there are some zaibatsu whose size and range of activities are as great as those of the central zaibatsu - such as Tatsuuma Zaibatsu - and thus central zaibatsu can also be defined as a zaibatsu that has developed nationwide corporate activities; contrastingly, a zaibatsu that has developed activities limited to a specific area can be defined as a local zaibatsu.

• その他にも渡世人として各地方を渡り歩く的屋家業の者が、顔役に世話になる時の「仁義を切る」ときの口上が、やくざと違い「軒先三寸借り受けまして、、、」と始まる事、舌先三寸（口車）で商売するや胸三寸（心意気）で商売するなど、または、屋台の骨組みが木材商で販売されている一番小さい構造材の三寸角であったことなどが挙げられる。
• Other theories are that some tekiya traveled around as toseinin (yakuza-like gamblers) who, unlike yakuza, when paying their respects for the local boss, used to open their speeches with the phrase 'if I may borrow three sun (around 9 cm) of your roof...' and who conducted business with flattery (known in Japanese as 'three sun of tongue') and determination ('three sun of heart') or that their stalls were made from the smallest pieces of wood available, which was three sun square.

• 江戸時代、大石寺は江戸城では独礼席を許され、また第25世の日宥は後水尾天皇の皇孫であり第6代将軍徳川家宣正室の近衛熙子の猶子（養子）に迎えられている他、皇室や公家・将軍家や大名家などの崇敬を得たが、他の宗派と同様に布教活動は江戸幕府の厳しい統制を受け続け、加賀藩・仙台藩・伊那・尾張藩・八戸藩などの各地では法難が続発した。
• In the Edo period, Taiseki-ji Temple was allowed to have dokureiseki (privilege to meet shogun face to face) at Edo-jo Castle, and Hiyori the twenty fifth, a grandchild of Emperor Gomizunoo, was adopted as the son of Hiroko KONOE, the lawful wife of the sixth Shogun Ienobu TOKUGAWA, and he was respected by the Imperial family, court nobles, the shogunate families and daimyo family (feudal lord family); however, there was strict control over missionary work by Edo bakufu, the same as for other religious schools, and there was continuous religious persecution in many places such as Kaga clan, Sendai clan, Ii and Owari clan, and Hachinohe clan, and so on.

• 現在、総領家三十二世の姪、小笠原敬承斎なる宗家と称する者が小笠原伯爵邸を教場として教授しているが、（1）歴史的に小笠原弓馬術礼法の三法をもって小笠原流とする本流に反すること、（2）全国各地の神社での神事を行っていないこと、（3）弓馬術は武家作法で、歴史的に男系一子相伝、という3点の事実から、敬承斎は「自称宗家」と見るほうが適切。
• Nowadays, Keishosai OGASAWARA, a niece of the 32nd head of the main family, calls herself Soke and teaches classes at Lord Ogasawara's Residence, but she should be considered a 'self-appointed Soke' due to the following three facts: (1) her school goes against the main idea that the Ogasawara school has historically consisted of the three arts of archery, horsemanship and courtesy; (2) her school has not performed shinji (ritual ceremonies) in temples and shrines throughout Japan; and (3) archery and horsemanship are samurai skills and have historically have been handed down to one son only.

• 各地の戦国大名に対抗して教団の統率力を高めた事は評価されるものの、後に驕りから顕証寺と布教地域が重複していた教団内の有力寺院である堅田本福寺_(大津市)に3度（1518年・1527年・1532年）も無実の罪を着せて破門するなどの専横を見せるようになった（破門は本来法主にしか許されていなかったが、蓮淳は証如の後見人としての職務代行を利用して破門を行った）。
• While his efforts in enhancing the religious community's leadership against Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in various places were appreciated, Renjun later turned tyrannical out of arrogance, falsely charging and excommunicating three times (in 1518, 1527 and 1532) Katada Honpuku-ji Temple (Otsu City), which was an influential temple within the religious community and had fields of propagation overlapping those of Kensho-ji Temple (originally only the head of the sect was allowed to pronounce excommunication, but Renjun took advantage of the vicarious execution of duties as the guardian of Shonyo and thus pronounced excommunication).

• 武家源氏として名を馳せた清和源氏においては畿内に始まり各地に土着しており、源満仲の子から摂津源氏、大和源氏、河内源氏とに分かれ、河内国を本拠地とした河内源氏の源義家（八幡太郎義家）はその主流で、その子孫は鎌倉幕府を開いた源頼朝に代表される武士として栄え、さらに河内源氏からは石川源氏、甲斐源氏、常陸源氏、下野源氏（足利氏）、上野源氏（新田氏）などが分派している。
• Seiwa-Genji, who enjoyed its fame as military Genji, originated in Kinai, or current Kansai region, spread to various regions, and then split up into Settu-Genji, Yamato-Genji and Kawachi-Genji after MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka, and MINAMOTO no Yoshiie (Taro Yoshiie HACHIMAN) of the Kawachi-Genji, who were based in Kawachi Province, was the mainstream of them, whose descendants flourished as samurai represented by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who established the Kamakura bakufu, and other clans such as Ishikawa-Genji, Kai-Genji, Hitachi-Genji, Shimotsuke-Genji (Ashikaga clan) and Kozuke-Genji (Nitta clan) were descended from Kawachi-Genji as well.

• 国は、東日本電信電話株式会社及び西日本電信電話株式会社（以下「地域会 社」という。）を設立し、それぞれ、日本電信電話株式会社（以下「会社」という。）が営んでいる国内電気通信業務のうちこの法律による改正後の日本電信電 話株式会社等に関する法律（以下「新法」という。）第二条第三項第一号に規定する地域電気通信業務に該当する業務を、各地域会社に引き継がせるものとす る。
• The Government shall incorporate East Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation and West Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (hereinafter referred to as 'the Regional Companies'), thereby the business which falls under the regional telecommunications business stipulated in Article 2 paragraph (3) item (i) of the Act on Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, etc. as amended by this Act (hereinafter referred to as 'the New Act') among domestic telecommunications businesses operated by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (hereinafter referred to as 'the Company') shall be succeeded to by the Regional Companies respectively.

• 20年余の時を経て、以仁王の令旨を奉じた摂津源氏の源頼政、熊野に潜んでいた河内源氏庶流の源行家らの檄を受け、河内源氏の源義朝の子である源頼朝、源希義、源範頼、源義円、源義経ら兄弟や、源義朝の弟の源義賢の子であり、頼朝の従兄弟にあたる源義仲（木曾次郎義仲）、八幡太郎義家の弟の源義光（新羅三郎義光）の子孫の甲斐源氏武田氏の武田信義らが各地で挙兵し、俗に源平合戦と呼ばれる治承・寿永の乱が発生する。
• After over 20 years, with exhortations by Settsu-Genji MINAMOTO no Yorimasa, who obeyed Prince Mochihito's order and MINAMOTO no Yukiie, a Kawachi-Genji branch who had been hiding in Kumano, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, MINAMOTO no Mareyoshi, MINAMOTO no Noriyori, MINAMOTO no Gien, and MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune (the sons of Kawachi-Genji MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo); MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka (Jiro Yoshinaka KISO), the son of MINAMOTO no Yoshikata (a brother of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo) and a cousin of Yoritomo; Nobuyoshi TAKEDA from Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan) Takeda clan, a descendant of MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu (Shinra-Saburo Yoshimitsu) (a brother of Yoshiie HACHIMAN TARO); and so on raised armies across the country to begin the Jisho-Juei War, the so-called Genpei War.

• 経済産業大臣及び国土交通大臣は、旅客の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の適切かつ有効な実施を図るため、次に掲げる事項並びに旅客の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の目標及び当該目標を達成するために計画的に取り組むべき措置に関し、旅客輸送事業者（本邦内の各地間において発着する旅客の輸送を、業として、エネルギーを使用して行う者をいう。以下同じ。）の判断の基準となるべき事項を定め、これを公表するものとする。
• For the purpose of ensuring the appropriate and effective implementation of the rational use of energy in passenger transportation, the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall establish and publicize standards of judgment for passenger carriers (which means business operators that transport, with the use of energy, passengers departing from or arriving at places in Japan; the same shall apply hereinafter), with regard to the following matters as well as the targets for the rational use of energy in passenger transportation and the measures to be taken systematically to achieve such targets:

• 経済産業大臣及び国土交通大臣は、貨物の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の適切かつ有効な実施を図るため、次に掲げる事項並びに貨物の輸送に係るエネルギーの使用の合理化の目標及び当該目標を達成するために計画的に取り組むべき措置に関し、貨物輸送事業者（本邦内の各地間において発着する他人又は自らの貨物の輸送を、業として、エネルギーを使用して行う者をいう。以下同じ。）の判断の基準となるべき事項を定め、これを公表するものとする。
• For the purpose of ensuring the appropriate and effective implementation of the rational use of energy in freight transportation, the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shall establish and publicize standards of judgment for freight carriers (which means business operators that transport, with the use of energy, their own freight or others' freight departing from or arriving at places in Japan; the same shall apply hereinafter), with regard to the following matters as well as the targets for the rational use of energy in freight transportation and the measures to be taken systematically to achieve such targets:

• 本来、行商人や旅人（たびにん）の場所の確保や世話をする世話人が集まって組織となり神農会と呼ばれる庭主（組合）が起こったが、現在では、そのほとんどが各地の暴力団の傘下組織となり、一部には本来一番肝心な世話することを怠って何もしない「庭主」が「○○会○代目」、「○○組分家」、「○○会○○一家」と名乗り、競合する出店を脅迫し排除したり、挨拶に来るよう呼びつけ行商人などから着到（その地区の世話人に世話になる場合、到着した際に挨拶として持っていく手土産）名目で金品をたかる組織も存在する。
• Originally, unions of niwanushi, known as Shinno Associations, were formed by groups of mediators who secured spots for and looked after peddlers and travelers, but these days, most are affiliated with criminal gangs, with some 'niwanushi' completely ignoring the 'taking care of' part, which was originally the most important, and while claiming to be the 'n-th niwanushi of such-and-such society' or from 'a branch of so-and-so kumi' or 'the such-and-such family of so-and-so society,' they threaten and exclude rivals and demand gifts and money in the name of chakuto (gifts for caretakers of the area when merchants arrived, in a sign of greeting) from newly-arrived merchants seeking their services.