句: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 句
- section (i.e. of text)
- sentence
- passage
- paragraph
- phrase
- verse (of 5 or 7 mora in Japanese poetry; of 4, 5, or 7 characters in Chinese poetry)
- haiku
- first 17 morae of a renga, etc.
- maxim
- saying
- idiom
- expression
- clause
- counter for haiku
- 脇句
- second verse (in a linked series of poems)
- 連句
- linked verse
- couplet
- Renku
- 文句
- phrase
- complaint
- sentiment
- 俳句
- haiku
- 17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 morae
- Haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem)
- Haiku (a Japanese poem in seventeen syllables having a 5-7-5 syllabic form and traditionally containing a reference to the seasons)
- 発句
- hokku (haiku)
- first line (of a tanka), first verse (of a renga)
- Bokku
- 揚句
- in the end (after a long process)
- finally
- after all
- at last
- 名句
- famous saying
- noted haiku
- 句心
- poetic instinct
- taste for haiku
- 句集
- collection of haiku poems
- The Haiku Collection
- 句形
- poetry form (esp. haiku)
- grammatical structure in kanbun
- 句会
- gathering of haiku poets
- 警句
- aphorism
- apothegm
- epigram
- mot
- 結句
- last line of a poem
- finally
- 句法
- conventions to be followed in composing Japanese poetry
- phraseology
- diction
- rules of grammar and syntax when reading kanbun in Japanese
- 句碑
- slab with a haiku cut on it
- 下句
- the last part of a poem or Bible verse
- 一句
- phrase (verse, line)
- one haiku-poem
- Ikku
- 挙句
- in the end (after a long process)
- finally
- after all
- at last
- 狂句
- type of comic haiku
- Kyoku (a kind of humorous haikai without haikai conventions)
- 禁句
- taboo word
- four-letter word
- dirty words
- 佳句
- beautiful passage of literature
- 起句
- opening line
- opening line of a (Chinese) poem
- 原句
- original passage (in document)
- 節句
- seasonal festival
- Sekku (five seasonal festivals)
- Sekku (Seasonal Festival Days)
- 絶句
- being lost for words
- becoming speechless
- jueju (Chinese quatrain with lines of either five or seven syllables)
- 拙句
- unskilled haiku poem
- clumsy haiku
- 甚句
- lively song
- lively dance
- Jinku
- 聖句
- scripture
- passage from scripture
- 成句
- set phrase
- idiomatic phrase
- 投句
- submitting a haiku (for publication)
- 転句
- turning or twisting part of a text
- 倒句
- reading Chinese in the Japanese order
- 中句
- middle part of the verse
- 対句
- couplet
- antithesis
- Tsuiku (couplet)
- 古句
- ancient expression
- old poem
- 字句
- wording
- words and phrases
- way of expression
- token
- lexical unit
- 上句
- the first part of a poem or verse
- 承句
- development of a text
- the second line in a four-line Chinese poem
- 章句
- chapter and verse
- paragraph
- passage
- 初句
- first five syllables (of a tanka)
- first line (of a poem)
- 秀句
- splendid haiku
- well-turned phrase
- 惹句
- catchphrase (esp. in advertising)
- 副詞句
- adverbial (adverb) phrase
- 名文句
- witty (happy, apt) remark
- well-worded saying
- epigram
- aphorism
- bon mot
- 揚げ句
- in the end (after a long process)
- finally
- after all
- at last
- 名詞句
- noun phrase
- NP
- nominal phrase
- noun phrase
- 句切り
- punctuation
- pause
- juncture
- end
- stop
- 句切る
- to demarcate
- to delimit
- to divide (an area)
- to mark off
- to cut off
- to punctuate
- to put an end to (e.g. a sentence)
- to insert pauses or breaks (e.g. when reading aloud)
- 形容句
- phrase used as an adjective
- 句読点
- punctuation mark
- punctuation marks
- comma and period
- 引用句
- quotation
- quotational phrase
- 下の句
- the last part of a poem or Bible verse
- 挙げ句
- in the end (after a long process)
- finally
- after all
- at last
- afterall
- 慣用句
- idiomatic usage
- common usage
- idiomatic phrase
- Idiomatic phrases
- Idioms
- Proverbs
- 凄文句
- intimidating language
- 挿入句
- parenthetical expression
- 動詞句
- verb phrase
- verbal phrase
- VP
- 常套句
- cliche
- frequently used musical (guitar) phrase
- cliché
- 高句麗
- Goguryeo (ancient Korean kingdom)
- Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea; ?-668 CE)
- 語り句
- story
- tale
- unaccompanied part of the Heike Monogatari chanting
- 五節句
- the five festivals (Jan 7th, March 3rd, May 5th, July 7th and Sep 9th)
- The Five Main Seasonal Festivals' Days
- Gosekku (five seasonal festivals)
- 初節句
- baby's first annual festival
- 上の句
- the first part of a poem or verse
- 雷句誠
- Raiku Makoto
- Makoto Raiku
- 前提句
- presuppositional phrase
- 結びの句
- Basho composed the concluding haiku of this travelogue.
- 謳い文句
- catchphrase
- promotional line
- catch phrase
- 文句なし
- undisputed
- entirely
- perfect
- 文句なく
- undisputedly
- perfectly
- 文句無し
- undisputed
- entirely
- perfect
- 美辞麗句
- flowery words
- rhetorical flourishes
- euphuism
- 片言隻句
- few words
- single phrase
- every word one uses
- 句を切る
- to punctuate a sentence
- 決り文句
- cliche
- platitude
- formula
- set phrase
- 形容詞句
- adjective phrase
- adjectival phrase
- adjective phrase
- 句読文字
- punctuation character
- 句を作る
- to compose a haiku poem
- 言々句々
- every single word and phrase
- each and every word
- 一字一句
- word for word
- verbatim
- a single word and a single phrase
- 一瞬絶句
- breaking off short (in one's speech)
- rendered speechless for a moment
- 一字半句
- a single word
- a word
- a syllable
- 一言半句
- a single word
- a word
- a syllable
- 一語一句
- every single word and phrase
- each and every word
- 一言隻句
- every single word and phrase
- each and every word
- 異句同音
- in concert
- with one voice
- unanimously
- 一言一句
- every single word and phrase
- word by word
- 一句詠む
- to make up a haiku poem
- 金言名句
- golden (wise) saying
- aphorism
- maxim
- 菊の節句
- Chrysanthemum Festival (the 9th day of the 9th lunar month) (one of the five annual festivals)
- 慣用語句
- idiom
- idiomatic phrase
- 言言句句
- every single word and phrase
- each and every word
- 節句働き
- working on a day off (to make up for lost time, or to make an impression)
- 宣伝文句
- sales message
- sales copy
- advertising claim
- buzzword
- 相当語句
- equivalent (in linguistics)
- 相撲甚句
- sumo-themed song
- song sung at sumo events
- 常とう句
- cliche
- frequently used musical (guitar) phrase
- 桃の節句
- dolls festival (March 3rd)
- peach festival
- Doll’s Festival
- 男の節句
- Boy's Day celebration (May 5)
- 殺し文句
- killing (i.e. loving) words
- clincher
- punch line
- 四字成句
- Chinese four-character phrase or idiomatic expression
- 五言絶句
- poem of four lines, each of five (Chinese) characters
- 字句単位
- lexical unit
- lexical token
- 女の節句
- Girl's Festival (March 3)
- 七言絶句
- poem of four lines, each of seven (Chinese) characters
- 修飾語句
- modifier
- qualifier
- adjunct
- 前置詞句
- prepositional phrase
- きまり文句
- cliche
- platitude
- formula
- set phrase
- 語彙と語句
- Vocabularies and phrases
- 節句・節気
- Sekku (seasonal festival) and sekki (24 divisions of the solar year)
- 下駄の俳句
- Haiku including the term 'Geta'
- 揚句の果て
- finally
- in the end
- on top of all that
- 句構造規則
- phrase structure rule
- 句構造文法
- phrase structure grammar
- PSG
- 決まり文句
- cliche
- platitude
- formula
- set phrase
- buzzword
- stereotype
- stock expression
- stock phrase
- tag
- 警句を吐く
- to make a witty remark
- to come out with a bon mot
- 挙句の果て
- finally
- in the end
- on top of all that
- 動詞句否定
- verb-phrase negation
- 端午の節句
- Boy's Day celebration (May 5th)
- 三月の節句
- Girls' Festival (March 3rd)
- Dolls' Festival
- 口説き文句
- chatup line
- pick-up line
- words
- 七草の節句
- Feast of the Seven Herbs of Health (7th of January)
- one of the 5 seasonal festivals
- 七種の節句
- Feast of the Seven Herbs of Health (7th of January)
- one of the 5 seasonal festivals
- 十七清浄句
- Seventeen Pure Phrases
- 十句観音経
- Jikku Kannongyo (one of the Buddhist scriptures)
- 章句了解度
- discrete sentence intelligibility
- 語句連想法
- word association test
- 文句なしに
- perfectly
- satisfactorily
- 主格名詞句
- nominative noun phrase
- 並列名詞句
- parallel noun phrase
- 慣用句として
- As an idiomatic phrase
- 文句を付ける
- to complain
- to lodge a complaint
- 揚げ句の果て
- finally
- in the end
- on top of all that
- 名詞相当語句
- noun equivalent (noun, pronoun, gerund, etc.)
- substantive
- 奥武蔵俳句寺
- Okumusashihaikudera
- 下の句かるた
- variation of uta-garuta played in Hokkaido
- 挙げ句の果て
- finally
- in the end
- on top of all that
- 固有選択字句
- inherently optional token
- 挙句の果てに
- in the end, end up ....
- 甚句(都々逸)
- Jinku poetry (Dodoitsu)
- 五七七の三句。
- Tercets of five, seven and seven syllables
- 丸都(高句麗)
- Hwando (Goguryeo)
- 形容詞相当語句
- adjectival equivalent
- 仮定法相当語句
- subjunctive equivalent
- 複合名詞句制約
- complex NP constraint
- 前置詞が導く句
- prepositional phrase
- 詞句印ともいう。
- It is also called gokuin (another name of yuin, seal carved favorite words or phrases).
- 語彙・語句と分類
- Terminology and classification
- 連句の様式、式目
- The style of renku and shikimoku (renga rules)
- 美辞麗句を連ねる
- to declaim
- to string together all sorts of flowery words
- 文脈上の必す字句
- contextually required token
- 文脈上の選択字句
- contextually optional token
- 二の句がつげない
- at a loss for words
- dumbfounded
- struck dumb
- 国際俳句交流協会
- Haiku international association
- 二の句が継げない
- at a loss for words
- dumbfounded
- struck dumb
- be dumbfounded
- 同族目的語動詞句
- cognate object verb phrase
- ことわざ・慣用句
- Proverbs and idiomatic expressions
- Proverbs and common expressions
- – 『法華文句』
- (From the 'Hokke Mongu')
- 愛淸淨句是菩薩位
- Love between man and woman is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 色淸淨句是菩薩位
- Color to see with our own eyes is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 慢淸淨句是菩薩位
- Being proud of himself/herself is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 香淸淨句是菩薩位
- Scent in this world is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 觸淸淨句是菩薩位
- The physical contact between man and woman is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 見淸淨句是菩薩位
- Looking at the other sex with desire is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 聲淸淨句是菩薩位
- Sound to hear with our own ears is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 味淸淨句是菩薩位
- Taste to savor with our own mouth is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 『法華秀句』5巻
- 'Hokke-shuku' (The Outstanding Principles of the Lotus Sutra) 5 volumes
- 怠け者の節句働き
- A lazy person ends up working on holidays.
- 発話行為の慣用句
- speech act idioms
- 句の主要な構成素
- head constituent of a phrase
- 松尾芭蕉の二俳句:
- Two haiku poems of Basho MATSUO
- 節句の神饌の一つ。
- Tokobushi has traditionally been offered to gods at seasonal festivals.
- 豆腐に関する慣用句
- Common expressions related to tofu
- 9月9日、菊の節句
- This falls on September 9 (by the solar calendar), and the festival is called 'the Chrysanthemum Festival.'
- 節句、雑節、月齢、
- Sekku (seasonal festival), Zassetsu (specific days for seasons other than the twenty-four divisions of a year), and Getsurei (age of the moon)
- 主辞駆動句構造文法
- head-driven phrase structure grammar
- HPSG
- 大原野千句連歌懐紙
- Oharanosenku Renga Kaishi (writing sheets of renga (early Japanese poetry form) in Oharano Senku gathering of linked verse)
- 莊嚴淸淨句是菩薩位
- Taking pleasure in decoration is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 光明淸淨句是菩薩位
- Being satisfied and the mind lit up with joy is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 身樂淸淨句是菩薩位
- Physical comfort is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 適悅淸淨句是菩薩位
- Man and woman making love and feeling great pleasure is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 慾箭淸淨句是菩薩位
- Desire moving quickly and violently like arrow is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 愛縛淸淨句是菩薩位
- Loving the other sex and embracing each other tightly is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 妙適淸淨句是菩薩位
- The exquisite rapture in sexual intercourse is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 禁止語句監督ポリシー
- bad word supervision policy
- 菖蒲の節句ともいう。
- The day is also called Shobu (Japanese iris in Japan) no sekku.
- 5月5日、菖蒲の節句
- This falls on May 5 (by the solar calendar), and the festival is called 'the Iris Festival.'
- 桃の節句(3月3日)
- Puppet festival (March 3)
- 「正信偈」草四句目下
- Shoshinge' with soshikumesage
- 意滋澤淸淨句是菩薩位
- Being pleased that things go as he/she wishes is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 美辞麗句を並べ立てる
- utter strings of flattering compliments
- すったもんだの挙げ句
- after much fussing
- after much quarreling (and ado)
- after much quarreling [or fussing]
- その挙句に勘当される。
- Because of this he is eventually cut off.
- 端午の節句(5月5日)
- Tango no Sekku (Boys' Day on May 5)
- 罪障懺悔の唱句はない。
- There is no verse of the confession of sins.
- 俳句では夏の季語である。
- In haiku, or Japanese seventeen-syllable poetry, the Bon festival dance is used as kigo (a seasonal word) of summer.
- 'Umeboshi' is a summer kigo (a seasonal term) in haiku (a Japanese poem of seventeen syllables in the sequential form of five, seven and five syllables).
- 3月 三月三日の桃の節句
- March: The Puppet Festival on March 3
- 一切自在主淸淨句是菩薩位
- Man and woman embracing each other satisfied, being free from everything and the master of everything, and being exalted is a clean mental state of Bosatsu.
- 複合名詞句の移動(規則)
- Complex NP Shift
- (じんじつ)五節句の一つ。
- Jinjitsu is a Japanese term used to refer to one of the 5 sekku which are days marking changes in the seasons.
- 詩の解読は7句にとどまる。
- The interpreted poems are only seven of them.
- 俳句の季語では冬にあたる。
- It is used as kigo (a season word) of haiku (Japanese seventeen syllable poems) to represent the winter season.
- (節句の項目を参照のこと)
- (Refer to the item Sekku)
- 3月3日、桃の節句、雛祭り
- This falls on March 3, and this date is called 'Girls' Day,' or 'Dolls Day.'
- 節句の一つにも数えられる。
- It is also counted among sekku (seasonal festivals).
- 5月 五月五日の端午の節句
- May: Tango no Sekku (Boys' Day) on May 5
- 光秀は短冊に辞世の句を詠む。
- Then Mitsuhide writes his dying poetry on an oblong card.
- 別火(わかれび) 桃の節句。
- Wakarebi (parting from fire), momo no sekku (literally, a festival of the peach)
- 菊酒(きくざけ) 菊の節句。
- Kikuzake, kikunosekku (festival or chrysanthemum)
- 和歌、俳句、短歌、川柳、狂歌
- Waka, Haiku, Tanka, Senryu (comic haiku), and Kyoka (comic (satirical) tanka)
- 各段は更に8句に分けられる。
- Each section is further divided into eight phrases.
- そして、証道歌二句を授けた。
- And he gives the abbot two shodoka (Chinese long poetry).
- そして、八字の句をうたった。
- And he intones an eight-character verse.
- 巻の中の語句を転用したもの。
- The one that is changed from a phrase in the chapter
- 北魏様式…高句麗経由で伝播。
- Northern Wei style... Introduced via Goguryeo
- - 端午(たんご)、端午の節句
- Tango (May 5 of lunar calendar), Tango no Sekku (Boy's day)
- 詠嘆表現や対句表現を多用する。
- Exclamatory expressions and couplets were frequently used.
- - 重陽(ちょうよう)、菊の節句
- Choyo (September 9 of lunar calendar), Kiku no Sekku (the chrysanthemum festival)
- 和歌、短歌、俳句、川柳、連歌、詩
- Waka, Tanka, Haiku, Senryu, Renga (linked verse), and poem
- 俳句の季語・季題をまとめたもの。
- They collect kigo (season words) and kidai (seasonal topics) for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem).
- 巻の主題とおぼしき語句を用いたもの
- The one that uses the word of a probable chapter theme
- 蕉門の最高峰の句集であるとされる。
- It is considered the best collection of poems by Shomon.
- 人日(じんじつ)とは、五節句の一つ。
- Jinjitsu is one of the 5 sekku that mark changes in the seasons.
- このことから、田の実の節句ともいう。
- For this reason, the custom is called Tanomi no Sekku (a festival for crops of the rice field.)
- 小姓の山田三十郎がこれに付け句した。
- A pageboy Sanjuro YAMADA adds a linking stanza to the poem.
- - 高句麗と新羅の使が調賦を貢いだ。
- - Envoys from Goguryeo and Silla brought tributes.
- 「百練」以外の常套句・吉祥句がない。
- There is no conventional phrase or auspicious phrase except 'hyakuren.'
- 27歳の時、『勝宗十句義論』を講義。
- At the age of 27, he delivered lectures on 'Shoshujukogiron' (Dasapadarthi).
- 二の句を継げない(にのくをつげない)
- Ninoku-wo-tsugenai (to be dumbstruck)
- 「宝船」の句は討ち入りの予告であった。
- `Takara bune' is a notice of launching a raid.
- この日も其角を招いて句会を催していた。
- On that day too, he invited Kikaku and held a kukai (a haiku gathering).
- すなわち、端午は元々女性の節句だった。
- It means that tango was originally a sekku for women.
- 俳句においては夏の季語のひとつである。
- 'Tokoroten' is one of the kigo (season words) for summer in haiku.
- その巻に中の和歌の文句に由来するもの。
- The one derived from the waka poem appearing in the chapter
- 7月4日 出雲崎(いずもざき)での句。
- August 18, 1689, composed in Izumozaki
- 秀句(秀でた詩文をもとにした言葉遊び)
- Excellent verse (word play based on excellent poems)
- また、『法華文句』には、次の通りある。
- Also, 'Hokke Mongu' (Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sutra) states as follows.
- 「正信偈」草四句目下(そうしくめさげ)
- Shoshinge' with soshikumesage.
- 『句仏句集』(読売新聞社・1959年)
- 'Kubutsu Kushu' (Yomiuri Shimbun, 1959)
- 俳句の季語としても用いられることもある。
- It is used as kigo (season words) for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem).
- うたい(謡曲の文句に題材をとった笑い話)
- Utai (chanting of a Noh drama text) (a funny story based on a phrase from a Noh song)
- 作品中には多数の俳句が読み込まれている。
- Numerous haiku poems are included in this book.
- - 高句麗、百済、新羅の使者が朝貢した。
- - Envoys from Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla brought tributes.
- 漢詩が多いが、和歌、俳句を書くこともある。
- Many gasan are Chinese poems but Japanese tanka poetry or haiku (.a Japanese lyric verse form having three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables) are also sometimes written.
- 七種粥を食べることから七草の節句ともいう。
- It is also referred to as nanakusa (seven kinds of vegetables) no sekku because people eat 7-herb rice porridge on the day.
- 「法語伝道聖句三昧」説法向きの言葉を解説。
- Every day Buddhism, preaching, Saint sayings' explains words for preaching.
- お盆は成句(熟語)して使われることもある。
- Obon is also used in idiomatic phrases.
- これを初節句の際、雛壇の横に左右対で飾る。
- These are displayed on the first annual festival of a baby, on the left and right of hinadan.
- 3月3日の桃の節句に人形とともに飾られる。
- It is displayed with dolls for the Doll Festival, also known as Girl's Day, on March 3.
- 俳句にとって「季語」は大きな役割を果たす。
- Season words play a major role in haiku.
- 名前、処刑日(旧暦)、辞世の句の順に記載。
- Described in the order of name, date of execution (old lunar calendar), and death haiku.
- この引用に対応する下の句とも言える一文は、
- The sentence is followed by the passage:
- 1月 一月一日 - 七日の正月・人日の節句
- January: Sekku (seasonal festival) of the New Year and Jinjitsu (the seventh day of the new year in the lunar calendar), held from January 1 to 7
- 節句人形(雛祭り、端午)、市松人形、風俗人形
- Sekku ningyo (festival dolls) (Hinamatsuri [the Dolls' Festival], Tango [the Boys' Festival]), Ichimatsu ningyo (play dolls), Fuzoku ningyo (costume dolls with historical themes)
- 旧暦の端午の節句に、昔から作られてきたもの。
- It has been made since the far past on the occasion of Tango no sekku (the Boy's Festival on May 5th) of old lunar calendar.
- 五節句の一つであり、端午の節句とも呼ばれる。
- It is one of the Gosekku (the five seasonal festivals) and is also called Tango no Sekku (a seasonal festival).
- - 上巳(じょうし / じょうみ)、桃の節句
- Joshi/Jomi (lit. top serpent), Momo no Sekku (lit. the peach blossom festival, Girl's day)
- 5月5日の端午の節句の供物として用いられる。
- It is used as an altarage for the Boy's Festival on May 5th.
- 高句麗、百済、新羅が使を遣わして調を進める。
- Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla (Three Kingdoms of Korea) sent envoys to proceed with their survey.
- 現代では、「黄砂」自体も歌や句に用いられる。
- Today, the term of 'kosa' itself is used in waka poems or haiku poems.
- 高句麗、百済、任那、新羅の使が調賦を貢いだ。
- Envoys from Goguryeo,Baekje, Mimana and Silla brought tributes.
- 慣用句として『雁首をたれる』という表現がある。
- There is an idiom of 'gankubi o tareru' meaning 'hang head down.'
- (註。以上は鷺坂にかけた鳥尽しの文句である。)
- (Note: The lines above contain puns related to the names of birds because of SAGISAKA's name (sagi means a heron).
- - 高句麗・百済が各々使者を遣わして朝貢する。
- Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea) and Baekje respectively sent envoys to bring him tributes.
- 上巳(じょうし/じょうみ)とは、五節句の一つ。
- Joshi (also called Jomi) is one of five seasonal festivals.
- 彼女の命日は季語一覧として俳句の季語にもある。
- The anniversary of her death has been used as kigo (a season word) for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem).
- 『芭蕉文集』、『芭蕉句集』 新潮社日本古典集成
- 'Basho Bunshu' (The prose writings of Basho: an anthology) and 'Basho Kushu' (The Collection of Basho's Haiku): Nihon koten shusei published by Shinchosha
- - 高句麗の使者、賀取文ら百人余が筑紫に着く。
- - An envoy from Goguryeo of approximately 100 people led by Gaesomun arrived at Chikushi.
- 「正信偈」草四句目下、 または「嘆仏偈」など。
- Shoshinge' with soshikumesage or 'tanbutsuge.'
- 「10円カレー」は俳句の秋の季語にもなっている。
- The term 'ten-yen curry' has been used as a season word for autumn in haiku.
- 夏に冷やして食べる事が多く俳句の季語も夏である。
- Mizu-yokan is often eaten chilled in summer, and it is also a kigo (a season word) of summer for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem).
- 珍しいものを聞いたと興を催し、夢然は一句よんだ。
- Muzen becomes interested in the unusual voice of the bird, and creates a poem.
- その入庵の翌秋、字余り調の芭蕉の句を詠んでいる。
- The next autumn after moving to the hut, he composed a hypermetric haiku about basho:
- 端午の節句にも鯉幟を揚げない等独自の風習もある。
- There are unique customs, such as not hoisting Koinobori (carp streamers) on the day of Tango no Sekku (Children's Day).
- 「柿くへば鐘が鳴るなり法隆寺」(正岡子規の俳句)
- If you eat a persimmon, the bell rings in Horyu-ji Temple' (Haiku by Shiki MASAOKA)
- 高句麗の僧道賢が誄(しのびごと)をつくっている。
- The monk Doken of Goguryeo wrote an obituary for Joe.
- 同音異句の樹木や山・地名としても多く使われている。
- Nagi is also often used to describe the homonyms of trees, mountains and place names.
- 甚句(じんく)は日本の伝統的な歌謡の一形式である。
- Jinku is a form of traditional Japanese songs.
- 雅号は「句仏(くぶつ)」・「愚峯(ぐほう)」など。
- His pseudonyms included 'Kubutsu' and 'Kuho.'
- 江戸時代には狂歌や俳句の賛がある絵画や浮世絵も多い。
- Many paintings and ukiyoe woodblock prints from the Edo period have a san of kyoka (comic [satirical] tanka) or haiku.
- 7. 汎用句的な掛け声だれにでも用いることができる。
- 7. Versatile kakegoe: It is used for any actor.
- 拓本でもやや破損があり、3句は解読不能となっている。
- Even the rubbed copy of this is partially broken and three poems are not legible.
- この1句目が詩経と酷似することから、宣王説が生じた。
- Because the first poem is very similar to the Shi Ching, an opinion asserting that this poem was made by the King XUAN, appeared.
- さらに「年の瀬や水の流れと人の身は」と発句を詠んだ。
- Kikaku recited hokku (the first line of a waka poem), `Toshi no seya Mizuno nagare to hito no miha' (It's the end of the year, one's circumstance always change like the flow of a river turns).
- 端午(たんご)は節句の一つで、現在は5月5日である。
- Tango is one of the seasonal festivals held on the 5th day of the 5th month.
- 5月29日 最上川の河港大石田での発句を改めたもの。
- July 15, 1689, revised the first line of the haiku composed at the river port of Mogami-gawa River Oishida (Oishida in Yamagata Prefecture).
- 飛鳥仏教は百済と高句麗の仏僧によって支えられていた。
- Buddhism in Asuka was supported by monks from Baekje and Goguryeo.
- 「欲箭清浄句是菩薩位(よくせんせいせいくしぼさい)」
- It is also a pure state of Bodhisattva that lust functions tempestuously as if an arrow flies.'
- 「適悦清浄句是菩薩位(てきえいせいせいくしぼさい)」
- It is also a pure state of Bodhisattva for a man and a woman to have intercourse and enjoy the sensation of ecstasy.'
- 旧暦ではモモの花が咲く季節になるため桃の節句となった。
- Hina-matsuri was also named Momo no (peach's) sekku because the festival by the old calendar was held during the time when peach trees blossomed.
- 源吾は「明日またるるその宝船」と脇句をつけて立ち去る。
- Gengo continued the line adding wakiku, the second half lines in Waka poem, `Asita mataruru sono takara bune' (I expect a ship of fortune coming tomorrow), and left there.
- 重陽(ちょうよう)とは五節句の一つで、9月9日のこと。
- Choyo is a festival observed annually on September 9 as one of the five seasonal festivals in Japan.
- 紹巴は、段下の夢然にさきほどの句を披露しろ、といった。
- Joha says, Muzen prostrating himself on the ground should present his poem to us.
- 朝鮮における「天下」概念はまず高句麗において成立した。
- The notion of 'Tenka' in Korea was established in Goguryeo for the first time.
- この後者において「万国公法」という字句が登場している。
- In the 'Besshi Gidai Soan,' there was a word 'bankoku koho.'
- 季語の数は1つの句に1つ詠み込むというのが原則である。
- As a general rule, a season word is included in a haiku.
- 発射準備をおこなうことを慣用句で「火蓋を切る」という。
- Colloquial expression for preparing to fire is 'hibuta o kiru,' which means to take off the cover of the flash pan.
- 『句仏上人俳句頂戴鈔』安部自得編(法蔵館・1910年)
- 'Kubutsu-shonin Haiku Chodai-sho' edited by Jitoku ABE (Hozokan, 1910)
- 「妙適清浄句是菩薩位(びょうてきせいせいくしぼさい)」
- An ecstasy in intercourse between a man and a woman is a pure state of Bodhisattva.'
- 光秀作の冒頭の第一句「時は今天が下知る皐月かな」である。
- He read the first part of the verse in his lodgings in Mt. Atago just before the rebellion, 'Now is the time ('toki' in Japanese) of May, we are going to rule the world.'
- 兵を率いた安致臣・馬飼臣らは水軍を率いて高句麗を討った。
- Achi no Omi and Umakai no Omi led Suigun (warriors who battle in the sea) and defeated Goguryeo.
- 吾水鼓(5字15行・20句)冒頭「吾水既瀞」に由来する。
- Wu-shui-gu (20 poems each including 15 lines of five characters): This name is originated from the head portion of it, 'wu-shui-ji-qing'.
- 呉人鼓(8字9行・句数不明)冒頭「呉人憐亟」に由来する。
- Wo-ren-gu (the number of poems unknown each including nine lines of eight characters): This name is originated from 'wo-ren-ling-ji' at the head.
- また、一般に五音節で、上五(初句)に置かれることが多い。
- In general, it is often made up of five syllables and placed in the position of kamigo (the first phrase of a waka).
- 7月15日から24日 城下の名士達が幾度も句会を設ける。
- Between August 29 and September 7, 1689, distinguished people in the castle town held Kukai (haiku meets) on several occasions.
- 蕉風と呼ばれる芸術性の高い句風を確立し、俳聖と呼ばれる。
- He established a verse style with high artistic quality called Shofu (Basho style of the haiku) and he was called a master of haiku.
- 『案内記』は俳句や狂歌、挿絵を交えた案内記となっている。
- 'Annaiki' was a guidebook containing haiku, kyoka (comic or satirical tanka) and illustrations.
- 山国兵部の辞世の句は、暗い句が多い中で異彩を放っている。
- Hyobu YAMAGUNI left a death haiku which was brilliant among other dark haiku.
- 用語としては原始経典の『法句経』などでもすでに見られる。
- The term 'saddharma' had already appeared in 'Hokku-kyo Sutra, Dhammapada' and other primitive sutras.
- 以下は、代表的な流布テキストに句読点を施したものである。
- Representative widespread texts that have additional punctuation marks are as follows:
- 俳句においては下述の日蓮宗のお会式から秋の季語とされる。
- It is kigo (seasonal words) for autumn in haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poet) since Oeshiki of Nichiren Sect is held in autumn as explained below.
- 『十句観音経』(じっくかんのんぎょう)は、仏教経典の一。
- Jikku Kannongyo is one of the Buddhist scriptures.
- 「一つだけはっきりさせておきたい」というときの決まり文句
- Let's get one thing straight.
- 松浦侯も「徳あればこそ人もやもう」と付け句で応え自省する。
- 松浦侯 followed Kikaku's line by reciting `toku areba koso hito mo yamo,' and reflected himself.
- 御節料理(おせちりょうり)は、節日(節句)に作られる料理。
- Osechi-ryori is originally a term used in reference to foods prepared for Sechinichi or Sekku (seasonal festivals).
- しかし、現在では、他の節句と比べてあまり実施されていない。
- Today, however, this custom is practiced in fewer occasions than the other Sekku festivals.
- 旧暦ではキクが咲く季節であることから菊の節句とも呼ばれる。
- It is also called 'Kiku no Sekku' (the Chrysanthemum Festival), since it's held in the season of the chrysanthemum, according to the old calendar.
- 現在に至るまで字句を巡り議論が続いている箇所も少なくない。
- So, up until now quite a few words or phrases in the book have been discussed over their interpretation.
- 五代簡要-万葉集、古今和歌集などの歌の句を抜書きしたもの。
- This is a collection of excerpts from stanzas of poems from the Godai kanyo, the Manyoshu, and the Kokinshu.
- 例えば、猿蓑の発句「初時雨猿も小蓑を欲しげ也」などがある。
- For example, there is hokku (the first line of a waka poem) of Sarumino 'Hatsu shigure/saru mo komino wo/hoshige nari' (First rain of winter - the monkey too seems to want a little straw raincoat).
- 高句麗で最大の古墳は中国集安(しゅうあん)の大王陵である。
- The biggest Kofun in Goguryeo is Daioryo in Shuan City, China.
- ことが「高句麗広開土王碑(こうかいどおうひ)」文にみえる。
- These historical events were inscribed into the 'Gwanggaeto Stele.'
- 半数強の10句が解読され、雨の中を帰る人々の姿がつづられる。
- Ten poems that are a little more than the half of all the poems have been understood and these poems describe the scenes of people going home in the rain.
- のちに5が重なるこの月の5日が端午の節句の日になったという。
- Later, May 5 was determined as the day for Tango no sekku because May 5 has two of the number '5,' which was considered as a good omen.
- その学風は保守的で旧説を覆すことなく章句訓詁の学を墨守した。
- Their method of learning was conservative, never revoking older theories, and adhering to the study on Confucian Classics where the literature is divided into phrases, chapters and sections and their meanings or abstracts are lectured and explained, and the interpretation learning of old words.
- 「時雨蛤」は江戸時代中期の俳句、各務支考が名付けたとされる。
- It is believed that 'Shigure Hamaguri' was named by Shiko KAGAMI, a Haiku poet in the middle of the Edo period.
- そして、この句の意味がわかれば、仏心がとりもどせると教えた。
- And he says, 'if you understand the meaning of this phrase, you can regain your merciful heart.'
- それがすなわち「猿簑」で、句撰はすこぶるきびしかったらしい。
- That collection was 'Sarumino' and the poems seem to have been selected very carefully.
- 高句麗に留学し、日本に帰国した後は元興寺(飛鳥寺)に住した。
- He studied in Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea), and after coming back to Japan, he lived in Gango-ji Temple (Asuka-dera Temple).
- 句仏上人(「句を以って仏徳を讃嘆す」の意)として親しまれる。
- He is affectionately known as Kubutsu Shonin (meaning 'one who uses haiku poetry to praise Buddha').
- 幽霊・妖怪・怪物は、お化けと同意としても使用される語句である。
- Yurei, yokai and kaibutsu (monster) are sometimes used to express the same meaning as obake.
- 菊の着綿(きくのきせわた)とは重陽の節句に行われる宮中の習慣。
- Kiku no Kisewata is a custom of the Imperial Court held in Chrysanthemum Festival.
- ただし二幕目でいきなり坊主では困ると粂三郎の母が文句を入れた。
- Actually, Kumesaburo's mother opposed having him appear in a butch haircut from the very beginning of Act Two.
- 縁起のいい語句や戒めの言葉などが刻されているので吉語印と呼ぶ。
- As lucky words and phrases or words of warning were carved on the seals, it is called kitsugoin (seal engraved auspicious words or phrases).
- 新生児の初節句に親戚や知人から破魔矢・破魔弓を贈る習慣もある。
- There is also a custom in which relatives and acquaintances present Hamaya and Hamayumi to a newborn baby at the baby's first annual celebration.
- - 高句麗に,大使に膳葉積,副使に坂合部磐鍬以下の使を遣わす。
- - Sent an envoy to Goguryeo led by Commander-in-Chief Zenhatsumi and Vice Commander SAKAIBE no Ihasuki, accompanied by their followers.
- 芭蕉没後しばらくは付け句の技巧を競う川柳を中心に雑俳が栄えた。
- After the death of Basho, zappai (playful literature originating from haiku) flourished temporarily, especially senryu (humorous poem) in which poets competed with each other to make a technically accomplished follow-up line.
- 時雨は旧暦十月の異称であり、芭蕉が好んで詠んだ句材でもあった。
- Shigure is another name of October in old lunar calendar and also a haiku theme Basho liked to use.
- 「天上天下」など成句の中には現在も「てんげ」と読むものがある。
- When included in phrases, such as 'Tenjo Tenge', it is pronounced 'Tenge' even at present.
- しばしば情緒的に捉えられ、古くから歌や句などに表現されてきた。
- These terms express kosa emotionally and have been used in waka poems and haiku poems from old times.
- 王陽明は「無善無悪」について、以下に掲げる「四句教」を残した。
- With regard to 'muzen muaku,' Wang Yangming left the 'Four Sentences' ('Si ju jiao' in Chinese, 'Shi ku kyo' in Japanese) shown below.
- 経典 - 増一、長、中、雑、小の阿含経、法句経などの南伝大蔵経
- Scripture - Agon-kyo Sutra of zoitsu (or Ekottara Agama, Additional Discourses), Jo (or diigha-nikaaya, Collection of Long Discourses), chu (or majjhima-nikaaya, Collection of Middle-length Discourses), zo (or saMyutta-nikaaya, Connected Discourses or Kindred Sayings), and sho (or khuddaka-nikaaya, Collection of Little Texts) and Nanden Daizo-kyo Sutra (the Tripitaka coming from the south) such as Hokku-kyo Sutra (Dhammapada).
- 普伝は一切経のどこにどんな文句があるか諳んじるほど博識である。
- Fuden was so well-read in Buddhism that he had learned the sutra Issaikyo by heart.
- 平衆が交代で導師をつとめ、その声に唱和して唱句を全員で唱える。
- One Hirashu play the role of doshi in rotation and all of them chant shoku (verse) joining in the voice of doshi.
- また俳句の秋の季語としても、「砧」「砧打つ」などがもちいられる。
- In addition, the terms 'kinuta' and 'kinuta utsu' (to beat the cloth) have been used as kigo (season words) in haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poems).
- また、松尾芭蕉や小林一茶は河豚料理を季語にした俳句も残している。
- Also, Basho MATSUO and Issa KOBAYASHI composed haiku using pufferfish cuisine as a seasonal word.
- 松浦鎮信 (天祥)は其角に俳句を師事してもらうほどの風流な大名。
- Shigenobu MATSUURA (Tensho) is daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) elegant enough to have lessons of Haiku from Kikaku.
- 和歌の西行、俳句の松尾芭蕉とともに連歌を代表する漂泊の人である。
- He is another wandering poet, representative of renga poetry like Saigyo for waka and Basho MATSUO for haiku.
- 「ご成婚パレードをテレビで見よう」の宣伝文句が今に伝わっている。
- A sales message of 'Let's watch the wedding parade on TV' was so famous that people have never forgotten it.
- 高句麗の僧、曇徴(どんちょう)が絵具や紙・墨を作る方法を伝えた。
- Damjing (or Doncho in Japanese), a monk from Goguryeo, introduced methods for producing paint, paper and sumi (Chinese ink).
- 作原鼓(7字11行・句数不明)石臼に転用された鼓で、詩は解読不能。
- Zuo-yuan-gu (the number of poems unknown each including 11 lines of seven characters): This gu is the one which was wrongly used as a stone mortar and the poems on it are impossible to read.
- なお野点と平行して俳句や和歌を作ったり聞かせたりすることを楽しむ。
- Along with Nodate, people can enjoy writing or presenting Haiku or Waka poems.
- また、「続五元集」に、「ひゝなかざりて伊勢の八朔」という句がある。
- And there is the poem, 'Hina dolls are displayed on Hassaku in Ise' in 'Zoku Gogen Shu' (Continued Gogen Haiku Poets Collection).
- 皇族の子女の誕生や初節句のお祝いなどに皇室や上流階級で贈答された。
- Nobles and aristocracy presented princesses with gifts of these dolls for birthdays and seasonal festivals.
- 書名は、芭蕉が詠んだ「初しぐれ猿も小蓑をほしげ也」の句に由来する。
- The title was derived from a poem composed by Basho, 'The first rain in late autumn, even a monkey seems to want komino (raincoat).'
- 『雑筆往来』に代表される書簡に用いられる語句・単文を列挙したもの。
- The third group is composed of volumes with a list of phrases and simple sentences for letters, with 'Zohitsu Orai' being a typical example.
- 孝徳天皇の在位中には、高句麗、百済、新羅からしばしば使者が訪れた。
- During the reign of Emperor Kotoku, envoys often visited from Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla (the three kingdoms of Korea).
- 浄土真宗の要義大綱を七言60行120句の偈文にまとめたものである。
- It is fundamental doctrine and principles arranged into Gemon with 60 lines and 120 phrases.
- 元来は中国の節句の一つであり、太陰太陽暦の7月7日 (旧暦)である。
- Originally it was one of sekku in China and was celebrated on July 7 based on a lunar-solar calendar (old calendar).
- 小林一茶の俳句に、「新しき蚊屋に寝るなり江戸の馬」というものがある。
- A haiku poem by Issa KOBAYASHI reads, 'Atarashiki, Kaya ni nerunari, Edo no uma' and translates as 'A horse in Edo sleeps under a new mosquito net.'
- 闕字(公文書において用いる際に一字分空白を設けなければならない語句)
- In this Article, the term 'Ketsuji' meant another type of special wording which had always to be put behind one letter space in any official documents.
- 本来は俳句の起源である連歌・俳諧の季・季詞(きのことば)に由来する。
- Season words derived from kinokotoba (season phrase) in renga (linked verse) and haikai (seventeen-syllable verse) that are the origin of haiku.
- 新羅は旧高句麗の遺臣らを援助し、彼らは669年に反唐の蜂起を行った。
- Silla assisted the surviving retainers of what was formerly Koguryo, and they organized an uprising against Tang in 669.
- 香が5種なのは、五句から成る歌を示し、組香全体で歌の意味を表現する。
- The reason why there are five types of Ko is because a poem consists of five lines, and the whole of Kumiko expresses the meaning of the poem.
- これを引導(引接)と呼び、「引導を渡す」という慣用句の語源となった。
- The judgment is called Indo (also known as Insetsu, the final judgment) and the phrase 'Indo wo watasu' (tell someone to get ready for the end or worst) derived from that word.
- 後代、曲や楽譜の伝承が途絶えると、その平仄や句式を基準にして作られた。
- In later years, after the tradition of those music and scores were lost, Ci was composed based on the tones or the form of each line.
- 義理人情に翻弄された揚句に自滅するか改心して縛につくというものである。
- Having been the sport of love (ninjo) and duty (giri), they either ruin themselves or reform and surrender themselves to justice.
- 同じくうれし涙に頬を濡らす其角は「子葉どの、何か辞世の句は」と望んだ。
- Kikaku, who was moved to tears of joy, asked Gengo by saying, `Mr. Shiyo, what's your death haiku?'
- 雛祭り(ひなまつり)は女性の子供のすこやかな成長を祈る節句の年中行事。
- Hina-matsuri is an annual event of the seasonal festival to pray for the healthy growth of girls.
- - 高句麗が大使に達沙、副使に伊利之、総計81人を遣わし、調を進める。
- - Goguryeo sent an envoy of 81 people, led by Commander-in-Chief Tatsusa and Vice Commander Irino in order to advanced their survey.
- 長女の初節句に、無病息災、良縁を祈願して、雛壇の両脇に細工を吊すもの。
- They are decorated on both sides of Hina dolls on tiered platforms for the first sekku (seasonal turn) of the first daughter of a family to wish for good health and good match.
- イチ、ニ、サ、シ…と各句の頭に数字を読み込んだ数え歌の形をとっている。
- It takes the form of a counting song by including the sound of numbers in the lyrics, i.e., ichi, ni, san, shi, and so on (having the same sound as the Japanese words for one, two, three, and four, and so on) at the head of each verse.
- そのため、本来連歌としての俳諧は、近代以降の俳句と評価の視点が異なる。
- Therefore, the original haikai as a part of renga was appreciated from a different perspective than haiku, which appeared after the modern times.
- 百人一首にその句が収録されているので知られているが、その人物像は不詳。
- His poems were collected in Hyakunin Isshu (one hundred waka poems by one hundred poets), but his personality was unknown.
- 猿蓑(さるみの)は、向井去来と野沢凡兆が編集した、蕉門の発句・連句集。
- Sarumino is a collection of Shomon (Basho School) which contains hokku (the first lines of waka poems) and renku (linked verses) and was edited by Kyorai MUKAI and Boncho NOZAWA.
- これにより、本法にある宮内府の字句は、宮内庁と改められることとなった。
- Herewith, the letter in Kunaifu (Imperial Household Office) in this act was amended to Kunaicho (Imperial Household Agency).
- この故事から雌雄を決することを「天王山を迎える」という成句が生まれた。
- The idiomatic phrase 'Tenno-zan wo mukaeru' (approach Tenno-zan), meaning 'to have a showdown,' originated from this historical event.
- これは、めでたい文句・吉祥句であり、常に用いられる言葉・常套句である。
- This is an auspicious and conventional phrase which was always used.
- 一方、高句麗遺民の一部は698年、中国東北に渤海 (国)国を建国した。
- On the other side, in 698, a group of the surviving members of Koguryo founded the Bokkai Kingdom in North Eastern China.
- 縁起を表現する有名な詩句として、『自説経』では、以下のように説かれる。
- As a famous poem to express engi, it is preached in 'Jisetsu-kyo' (sutra what Shakyamuni preached by himself with nobody asking questions) as shown below.
- 4世紀後半以降、高句麗・百済・新羅は互いに連携・抗争を繰り返していた。
- After the latter part of the fourth century, Koguryo, Baekje, and Silla repeated cooperation and conflict each other.
- 江戸時代雛祭りは『五節句』のひとつとして「祝日として存在した」とされる。
- During the Edo period, Hina-matsuri is said to have observed as a holiday' as one of the 'go-sekku' (five seasonal festivals).
- 飄然と去る源吾を見送りながら脇句の意味を測りかねて考え込む其角であった。
- While Kikaku saw off Gengo, he was in deep thought, wondering what Gengo's wakiku meant.
- 以下は対句となっていて、両極端な役や対で物語を構成している芸を列挙する。
- The following are performances in which two extremes appear or counterparts support the structure of a story.
- 斉明天皇6年(660年)5月8日には高句麗使の賀取文が難波館に到着した。
- 賀取文, an envoy of Koguryo Kingdom, arrived at Naniwa-no-murotsumi on June 24, 660.
- 百済の名門氏族出身でありながら、孫の名前が高句麗を意味する高麗であること
- Machi MOKU was from a prestigious clan in Baekje; however, his grandchild's name was Goryeo which referred to the kingdom of Goguryeo.
- 以下、詔書の内容を引用する(原典は旧字体・カタカナで句読点・濁点なし)。
- The following is quoted from the Shosho (The original text was written in the old [traditional] form of [Chinese] characters] and Katakana [fragmentary kana] without voiced sound marks or punctuation marks).
- また当時「徴兵、懲役、一字の違い、腰にサーベル鉄鎖」という句が流行った。
- At that time, a verse became popular: '徴兵 ('chohei' meaning conscription) and 懲役 ('choeki' meaning imprisonment)are only one-word different - saber at a waist or chain at a waist.'
- 勤行集に○ の印が表記されている句頭の部分(調声)は、調声人のみ唱える。
- Only the choshonin reads the chosho (a leading part of sutra sentences) parts, which is marked with circles in the gongyoshu.
- このように、十七清浄句では男女の性行為や人間の行為を大胆に肯定している。
- Thus Seventeen Pure Phrases are daringly positive about sexual intercourse and human act.
- 主に智顗の法華玄義、法華文句、摩訶止観の三大部を天台宗の要諦としている。
- Chigi's Hokke gengi (Essentials of the Lotus Sutra), Hokke mongu (Commentary on the Lotus Sutra) and Makashikan (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) are collectively called Sandaibu (the three important scriptures) and are deemed as the essence of Tendai Sect Buddhism.
- 而師鼓(6字11行・17句)半数の字が満遍なく破損しており、詩は解読不能。
- Er-shi-gu (17 poems each including 11 lines of six characters): A half of the characters are evenly broken and the poem is impossible to read.
- 霊雨鼓(6字11行・18句)冒頭は破損して第2句の「霊雨□□」で称される。
- Ling-yu-gu (18 poems each including 11 lines of six characters): The head portion is broken and this one is named by 'ling-yu-kou-kou' in the second poem.
- その中でも数字が重なる5月5日を「端午の節句」と呼ぶようになったともいう。
- Especially because the day May 5 consists of two fives, the day came to be called as 'Tango no sekku.'
- 文学や思想などを表現した語句が選ばれることが多く、篆刻家が好んで作印する。
- The words for the seal are often extracted from words or phrases that express literature or thought, which tenkokuka artists (carver using a special Chinese character, tensho) prefer to use.
- 端午の節句には厄払いに菖蒲を用いることから、別名「菖蒲の節句」と呼ばれた。
- Because iris is used to drive away evil spirits during the Boys' Festival, it's also called 'Iris Festival.'
- 三条西実隆は、筆写のおり句読点や声点を施し、ほかにも校合が試みられている。
- Sanetaka SANJONISHI put punctuation marks and shoten (marks to add Kanji to show Shisei) when he copied it, and he also collated it.
- 高句麗は自国を中華とし、周辺諸民族を夷狄視する小中華的天下観を持っていた。
- Goguryeo deemed itself as chuka (China) and held a view of Tenka akin to mini-Sinocentrism, in which it regarded surrounding other ethnic groups as barbarians.
- 時に作者個人の創作たる発句を完全に独立させた近代文芸の俳句と同一視される。
- Hokku, as an individual art of creation, can be identified as haiku, which is a form of modern literature that became completely independent from hokku.
- なお、「秋深き 隣は何を する人ぞ」は死の床に臥す直前に書いた句である)。
- 'Aki fukaki/tonari wa nani wo/suru hito zo' (Deep autumn, how does my neighbor live, I wonder?) was created right before he became fatally ill in bed.)
- 4世紀後半から5世紀にかけて、倭軍が朝鮮半島の百済・新羅や高句麗と戦った。
- Beginning with late half of the fourth and into the fifth century, the Wa army waged war with the three kingdoms of Korean Peninsula; Paekche, Silla, and Goguryeo.
- 645年、三韓(新羅、百済、高句麗)から進貢(三国の調)の使者が来日した。
- In 645, messengers from Three Kingdoms of Korea (Silla, Baekje and Goguryeo) came to Japan to deliver some gifts (called Sangoku no Shirabe).
- 章句訓詁に秀で、15歳で京に上り東福寺龍吟庵の煕春(きしゅん)に師事した。
- He excelled in Shoku kunko (interpreting ancient words and phrases) and he went to Kyoto at the age of 15 and studied under Kishun at the Ryugin-an Temple of the Tofuku-ji Temple.
- 松尾芭蕉が「おもしろうて やがてかなしき 鵜舟かな」という一句を残している。
- Basho MATSUO composed a haiku, 'Omoshirote yagatekanashiki ubunekana' (I was interested in ubune, but gradually became sad).
- だが、やはり息子が心配な余り、金と端午の節句のちまきを豊島屋に預けに行った。
- But she is still concerned for her son, and takes money and chimaki (a rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves) for Tango no Sekku (Boys' Day) to TESHIMAYA' store and asks them to give it to him for her.
- 九は一桁の数のうち最大の「陽」であり、特に負担の大きい節句と考えられていた。
- In order to expel such inauspicious energy, the Sekku Festival was performed especially with a heavy load caused by the number nine, which is the highest single-digit odd number.
- 初期の日本の古墳や寺院の壁画には高句麗などとの手法や技術の共通点も見られる。
- Wall paintings in the first ancient tombs and temples in Japan seem to have something in common with those found in Koguryo in terms of method and technique.
- 長女の初節句を祝って旧暦3月3日に近い毎年4月2日から3日にかけて行われる。
- It is held annually from April 2 to 3, the date almost equivalent to March 3 in the old calendar, to celebrate the first annual festival of an eldest daughter.
- 「新撰莬玖波集」の中で、心敬、宗砌についで連歌師では第3位の入宗句数である。
- The number of his poems that appeared in 'Shinsen Tsukubashu' (New Tsukuba Collection) was the third-largest among renga poets, after Shinkei and Sozei.
- しかし陪都に対応する語句は西洋になく、これは東洋的なものとされる(陪都制)。
- But, in western culture, there is no word corresponding to baito, so this is considered to be the system unique to the Orient (baito system).
- 9月9日の重陽の節句にも、毎年のように「幸甚」であるとの記述がなされている。
- On the every ninth day of the ninth month, the day of the Chrysanthemum Festival, he wrote that he was 'extremely happy.'
- 多くの歌が七五調四句や、八五調四句、あるいはそのバリエーションの調子を持つ。
- Many songs had four phrases of seven-and-five syllable meter and eight-and five syllable meter, or other tunes of those variations.
- 朗詠で、一の句から二の句に移る時、急に高音となるため歌うのが難しいことから。
- It stems from the difficulty of singing when moving from the first phrase to the second in Roei, when suddenly the notes become high.
- 天台宗側では『法華秀句』の成立をもって論争の終結とする(翌年に最澄は入寂)。
- Within the Tendai sect, the realization of 'Hokke-shuku' meant the end of the dispute (next year Saicho died (entered nirvana)).
- 最終的な結論として、最澄が『法華秀句』(弘仁12年(821年)成立)を著す。
- As a final conclusion, Saicho wrote 'Hokke-shuku' (realized in 821).
- この詔以降、天智天皇が「初め賜い定め賜える法」になり、「不改常典」の句がない。
- Since this edict, the expression 'the law first conceived and established' by Emperor Tenchi started to be used, while the word 'Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten' had disappeared.
- これを記念して千里の屋敷跡の興善庵に1809年(文化6年)に句碑が建てられた。
- In 1809, a poem monument was erected to commemorate the above event within the ground of Kozen-an which was Senri's residence.
- 3月7日(土)8日(日)21日(土)22日(日)初節句めぐり1000~1500
- March 7 (Saturday), 8 (Sunday), 21 (Saturday) and 22 (Sunday): baby's first annual festival between 10 am to 3 pm.
- ただし、あまり長いものは好まれず、漢詩の吟詠であっても七言絶句が一般的である。
- However, the one which is too long is not preferred and in the reciting of Chinese poetry, shichigon zekku (a Chinese poem of four lines, each of seven characters) is common.
- 俳句では現在でも夏の季語となっているが、現在は冬に温めて飲むのが一般的である。
- Therefore, the term amazake remains one of the kigo (seasonal words) for summer used in haiku poetry even though amazake is now seldom drunk during summer.
- 句の繋げ方には規則があり、また句数によって歌仙、百吟などいくつもの形式がある。
- There are rules for linking poems, and many forms, such as the kasen (superior poetry) and hyakugin (a type of renga), are structured according to the number of phrases.
- もともとは連歌として詠まれたものだが、発句のみを独立した表現とすることもある。
- Haikai was originally composed as a part of renga, but occasionally it has been considered that only hokku became independent from renga.
- なお連歌の形式で三十六句のものを「歌仙」と呼ぶのは、これにちなんだものである。
- Thirty-six syllable renga (the linked verse) is referred to as 'kasen' (master poet) after the Thirty-Six Master Poets.
- 途中、高句麗、百済、新羅が使を遣わして調を進めたため、紺の幕を張って饗応する。
- During the construction Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla sent envoys to proceed with their surveys, so she entertained them behind navy blue curtains.
- 「注釈本系」は、単語や短句、文意について、「注」の形で解説を試みたものである。
- Chushakubon-kei' attempted to give a commentary on words, phrases and sentence meanings in the form of 'book notes.'
- 冠位十二階制は高句麗・百済を通して北朝・南朝両方のものが伝わったとされている。
- It is said that the twelve cap rank system of Northern and Southern Dynasties was introduced via Kokuryo and Paekche.
- 臨済宗、黄檗宗では三句目を「三つには心を防ぎ過貪等を離るるを宗とす」と唱える。
- According to the Rinzai Zen sect, including Obaku school, the third verse is read as, 'Thirdly, I swear not to indulge myself in excessive greed and other kinds of vice.'
- 良寛は般若心経の大量の写経を残しており、種田は般若心経を俳句に読み込んでいる。
- Ryokan left numerous manuscripts of the Hannya Shingyo, and TANEDA made haiku from the Hannya Shingyo.
- 湯豆腐を詠んだ名句に久保田万太郎の「湯豆腐やいのちのはてのうすあかり」がある。
- There is a famous Japanese poem about Yudofu by Mantaro KUBOTA: 'In eating simmering tofu, one realizes that life is nothing but twilight in the end.'
- 討ち入りを待ち望む松浦侯と、俳句を通じて交流がある宝井其角・大高源吾などの絡み。
- It is about conversations between lord Matsuura, who is expecting a raid, and Kikaku TAKARAI and Gengo OTAKA, with whom Matsuura is acquainted through Haiku.
- しかし4代安藤信友は、和歌、連歌、発句、茶道、香道、能楽など数々の文芸を嗜んだ。
- Nobutomo ANDO, the fourth head of the family, however, enjoyed various arts including waka (a traditional Japanese poem of 31 syllables), renga (linked verse), hokku (the first line of a waka poem), tea ceremony, kodo (incense-smelling ceremony), and Noh theater.
- (反対に、投句を機関紙に掲載する際には、俳号ではなく本名を掲載する団体もある。)
- On the other hand, some groups adopt a real name rather than Haigo after contributing a haiku in the bulletin.
- 初代吉右衛門は高浜虚子の門人で、「秀山」という俳名を貰って俳句をよく嗜んでいた。
- Because the first generation, Kichiemon was a disciple of Kyoshi TAKAHAMA, who was granted the name for Haiku (Japanese poetry), `Shuzan,' and recited many Haiku.
- 俳句の季語になっているほか、桜の開花予報、開花速報は春を告げる合図となっている。
- It is also a season word in haiku, and the blossom forecasts and prompt reports are signals of the coming of spring for Japanese people..
- 595年(推古3)に高句麗僧慧慈(えじ)・百済僧慧聰(えそう)が来朝・帰化した。
- In 595, two monks, Eji from Goguryeo and Eso from Baekje, arrived in Japan and became naturalized.
- 東京・浅草寺(弁天山) - 「花の雲 鐘は上野か浅草か」(松尾芭蕉)の句で著名。
- Senso-ji Temple (on Mt. Benten) in Tokyo Prefecture, famous for being featured in the haiku 'A cloud of flowers, Is that the bell from Ueno or Asakusa?' (by Basho MATSUO).
- 2通目の『忽披帖』(こつひじょう)は、「忽披枉書」の句で始まるのでこの名がある。
- The second letter was named, 'Kotsuhijo'(忽披帖) since it started with the sentence of 'Kotsuhi Osho (忽披枉書).'
- 「正信念仏偈」は、『教行信証』の「行巻」の末尾にある、七言百二十句からなる偈文。
- A poem called 'Shoshin Nenbutsuge' is in the last part of the volume named 'Gyokan' of 'Kyogyo shinsho', and the poem consists of 120 lines (7 letters in each line).
- 新羅は戦わずして降服して朝貢を誓い、高句麗・百済も朝貢を約したという(三韓征伐)。
- Silla promised to pay tribute to the Court without fighting, and Goguryeo and Paekche also promised bringing tributes ('Sankan Seibatsu' (The Conquest of the Three Korean Kingdoms)).
- 旧暦の3月3日 (旧暦)はモモの花が咲く季節であることから、桃の節句とも呼ばれる。
- It is also called Momo no Sekku (the Peach Festival) since peach trees are usually in full bloom on March 3 according to the lunar calendar.
- 春3月3日 (旧暦)のひな祭りに飽きたらず、秋の節句にも雛人形を飾ったものである。
- Some people were not satisfied only with Hinamatsuri (Doll's Festival) on March 3rd (old calendar) in the spring and displayed Hina dolls again on the seasonal festival days in the fall.
- 寛文12年(1672年)、処女句集『貝おほひ』を上野天満宮(三重県伊賀市)に奉納。
- In 1672, he dedicated his first haiku collection 'Kai Oi' (The Seashell Game) to Uenotenman-gu Shrine (Iga City, Mie Prefecture).
- 加藤楸邨、中村汀女、有馬朗人、富安風生なども黄砂や霾などを扱った俳句を残している。
- Shuson KATO, Teijo NAKAMURA, Akito ARIMA, and Fusei TOMIYASU also made haiku poems concerning kosa or tsuchifuru.
- その挙句、天正3年(1575年)に小早川隆景が率いる毛利軍によって攻め滅ぼされた。
- In the end, Takatoku was defeated by the Mori force led by Takakage KOBAYAKAWA in 1575.
- ただし、省略版にするための字句修正を施したところもあり、完全に同文・同字ではない。
- However, it is not an exact copy as the wording was revised in order to shorten its length.
- 上句と下句を連ねていく和歌である連歌は鎌倉時代から発達し、室町時代に最盛を迎える。
- Renga poetry, a form of waka where the first and last stanzas of the poem are linked together, had been growing in popularity beginning in the Kamakura period, but in the Muromachi period it entered a golden age.
- 反面百済系は、旌善全氏、天安全氏の系列、高句麗系は、晋州姜氏ぐらいと極端に少ない。
- On the other hand, the Baekje line is extremely limited having families of the Jeongseon Jeon clan and the Cheonan Jeon clan, and the Goguryeo line has mainly the Jinju Gang clan.
- また、福澤が「脱亜入欧」という語句を一度も使用していないことに注意する必要がある。
- Also, it is important to note that Fukuzawa never used the word 'Datsu-A Nyu-O' (Leave Asia, Enter Europe).
- 残る新羅においては上記2国よりも遅れ、5世紀始めごろに高句麗から伝えられたという。
- In the other country, Silla, it is said that Buddhism was introduced from Koguryo around the beginning of the fifth century, which was later than the introduction in the above two countries.
- 3通目の『忽恵帖』(こつけいじょう)は、「忽恵書礼」の句で始まるのでこの名がある。
- The third letter was named, 'Kotsukeijo'(忽恵帖) since it started with the sentence of 'Kotsukei Shorei (忽披恵書礼).'
- また俳人の三輪未央は「迸る(ほとばしる)鍛冶の鉄火や、夜の梅」という句を詠んでいる。
- In addition, haiku poet Mio MIWA composed the following haiku, 'Emitting sparks in a smithy, plum blossoms in the night.'
- ところが、高句麗は無道にも百済の征服をはかり、辺境をかすめおかし、殺戮をやめません。
- However, Goguryeo unreasonably tried to conquer Baekje, snatches the bordering regions, and didn't stop the slaughter.
- 吾車鼓(6字11行・19句)「吾車既工」に始まり、狩の序盤を描写した詩がつづられる。
- Starting with Wu-che-gu (19 poems each having 11 lines of six characters) 'Wu-che-ji-gong', poems describing the early stage of the hunting was written.
- 田車鼓(7字10行・18句)「田車孔安」で始まり、狩の情景を描写した詩がつづられる。
- Tian-che-gu (18 poems each including 10 lines of seven characters): Starting with 'tian-che-gong-an', poems describing the scenes of the hunting are written.
- だが、源吾が別れ際に詠んだ「明日またるるその宝船」の句のことを思い出して侯に告げた。
- Kikaku was reminded of the wakiku, which Gengo recited, `Asita mataruru sono takara bune' and told 侯 about it before Kikaku leaves.
- 節句(せっく)は、伝統的な年中行事を行う季節の節目となる日で日本の文化・風習のこと。
- 'Sekku' (in Chinese characters, written as '節句') means seasonal turning point when a traditional annual event is held, peculiar to Japanese culture and customs.
- - 芭蕉塚とは松尾芭蕉が詠んだ句や立ち寄った日本各地でそれらを記念して立てられた塚。
- -Basho Mounds are the mounds built in various locations in Japan to commemorate poems written by Basho MATSUO and places that he visited.
- 後者は深川芭蕉庵の連歌会などを催し、伝統的な宗匠 と連衆による連歌句作を行っている。
- The latter holds rengakai such as Fukagawa Bashoan (the hut in Fukagawa in which Basho lived), and composes renga by traditional master and renju (people who attend the party to compose poetry).
- のちに連句のための発句を「立句」、単独のものを「地発句」と区別して呼ぶようになった。
- Later, the hokku for renku came to be called 'tateku,' while an independent hokku was called 'jihokku' in order to distinguish them.
- 「連句」の名称は明治37年に連歌や俳句と区別するため高浜虚子が提唱してから定着した。
- The name 'renku' became common in 1904, when Kyoshi TAKAHAMA advocated using the term in order to distinguish renku from renga and haiku.
- また、『懐風藻』は即位の事実をあからさまに記すことを憚って字句を作ったのだと説いた。
- Ban also argued that 'Kaifuso' was formulated not to disclose the fact of the enthronement.
- 翌年3月30日に郭務悰は帰ったが、3月28日には高句麗の使者富加べんらが調を進めた。
- On May 3, 672, the Kokuri envoy, Fukaben carried out their research, while Kakumuso left Japan on May 5.
- 例えば、「躬ら甲冑を環き、山川を跋渉す」などは『春秋左氏伝』にも見られる字句である。
- For example, 'equipped with armors explored mountains and rivers' is an excerpt from 'Master Zuo's Commentary to the Spring and Autumns'.
- その他にも、『論語』、『論語集解』、『毛詩鄭箋』、『大学章句』等の外典も出版された。
- In addition to the above, other foreign books such as 'Rongo Analects,' 'Rongo Shikkai' (Commentaries on the Analects of Confucius), 'Moshi Teigen' (Commentary of Mao shi (Classic Poetry, Book of Odes) by Tei Genshi) and 'Daigaku Shoku' (Commentary of 'Daigaku' (the Great Learning) written by Chu Hsi) were published.
- 江戸幕府の公式行事となり、征夷大将軍以下全ての武士が七種粥を食べて人日の節句を祝った。
- It subsequently became the official event of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to have the dish on January 7, when all the warriors including the great general celebrated the day eating nanakusa rice porridge.
- 田安宗武・賀茂真淵らの協力によって字句の改訂を加えるなどきわめて意欲的な内容であった。
- The content was ambitious as the words of the book were revised with the cooperation of Munetake TAYASU and KAMO no Mabuchi.
- 雛霰(ひなあられ)とは、桃の節句(3月3日)に供えられる節句菓子であり、和菓子の一種。
- Hina arare is a kind of Japanese confectionery that is offered at the Dolls' Festival (March 3rd).
- 汎説古事(平出・闕字の対象外とされる例(一般的な文中における用句及び日本以外の事例))
- This Article was put here to explain that hansetsu-koji (well-known ancient affairs) were excluded from the category of heishutsu and ketsuji, in the same manner as the phrases used in ordinary sentences and such cases as happened outside of Japan.
- 江戸中期を過ぎると、句点・返り点・送り仮名、さらには振り仮名をほどこしたものも現れる。
- After the mid Edo period, some Teikin Orai containing kuten (punctuation marks), kaeriten (signs to indicate reading order), okurigana (hiragana to accompany kanji), and furigana (hiragana to show pronunciation) started to be seen.
- このような有と無と二つの文句が並べられるのは、修辞学的な装飾や、文学的な表現ではない。
- The two phrases of existence and nothingness put together is neither a rhetorical ornament nor a literary expression.
- (参照:旧岩波文庫 ただし、これは、語句の誤りが多いため、岩波書店から絶版にされた。)
- (Refer to the former Iwanami bunko edition; however, as it contains a large number of incorrect descriptions, the book is now out of print from Iwanami Shoten, a publisher).
- 北海道地方で行われる下の句かるた大会はほとんどがこのルールであり、民間でも一般的である。
- This manner is well known, and it is usually played this way at the Shimo-no-ku Karuta Competition in the Hokkaido region.
- 同じように、奇数の月番号と日番号が重なる3月3日、7月7日、9月9日も節句になっている。
- Just like the above, the days of the odd numbered months on which the month number and the date number are the same (i.e. March 3, July 7 and September 9) are also determined as sekku.
- なお、男の赤ん坊をもつ家庭にとっては「初節句」となるため、親族総出で祝われることも多い。
- Also, for a family that has a baby boy, May 5 is the baby's 'first sekku,' thus it is common that the day is celebrated by all the member of the clan.
- 落ち武者は薄の穂にも怖ずという慣用句は怖いと思うと何にでも恐怖を感じるという意味である。
- An idiomatic phrase 'ochimusha are afraid of even a head of silver grass' means that you are afraid of anything when you are scared.
- また、隋書などにおいても、倭国は珍物が多く、高句麗や新羅を従えていたとの記述が存在する。
- Additionally, in the Zuisho (Book of the Sui Dynasty), there were reports confirming Wakoku's (ancient Japan) affluence and possession of rare goods following the conquest of Goguryeo and Silla.
- この国書には、さすがに前回のような「天子」や「書を致す」などの字句や表現を用いていない。
- This official letter did not contain the language, such as 'Emperor of Heaven' nor use pompous expressions as did in the previous letter.
- 七草(ななくさ)は、人日の節句(1月7日)の朝に、7種の野菜が入った羮を食べる風習のこと。
- The seven herbs of spring (Nanakusa) is a custom of eating hot soup containing seven vegetables on the morning of Jinjitsu no Sekku, the so-called Person-Day Festival (January 7).
- 本来は、古くから神事に纏わる弓矢の言葉でもあるが、さまざまな、古文や句などで使われている。
- They were originally words for Yumiya related to Shinto rituals since ancient times, but has been used in various ancient documents and phrases.
- 対外関係としては、4世紀以降朝鮮半島に進出し、新羅や百済を臣従させ、高句麗と激しく戦った。
- Japanese external relations in this historical period, the fourth century onward, included militaristic advances upon the Korean peninsula; this resulted in the subjugation of the Silla (an ancient Korean Kingdom) and Paekche (an ancient Korean Kingdom), and furious battles with Goguryeo (an ancient Korean Kingdom).
- 毎年3月3日の桃の節句の折には勢津子が実家からお輿入れした際持ち込んだ雛人形を宮邸に飾った。
- On the Peach Festival (also known as the Girls' Festival) celebrated every year on March 3, Setsuko displayed the hina dolls (dolls displayed at the Girls' Festival), which she brought with her from her family home when she married into the Imperial family, in the Imperial Palace.
- 奇数の重なる月日は陽の気が強すぎるため不吉とされ、それを払う行事として節句が行なわれていた。
- Any month and date of dual odd numbers was considered ominous due to its extraordinary active energy.
- 日本においてはこの語句が格別に愛好され、以下に述べる含みを持つ語として使われるようになった。
- In Japan, the word 'setsugetsuka' became very popular, and has been used by itself, having acquired some new meanings as shown below.
- 歌がるたともいわれる百人一首の場合、読み札には短歌が書かれ、取り札には下の句が書かれている。
- About 'hyakunin isshu' (one hundred Japanese poems by one hundred poets), which is also called 'uta garuta' (Japanese poem cards), a Japanese poem is written on yomifuda and the poem's latter half is written on 'torifuda' (picture cards for touching).
- ことわざや慣用句での「膾」は、古代中国の切り分けた生肉や生魚による料理を意味することが多い。
- Namasu' in proverbs and common expressions often means the dishes which used the fillets of raw meat and raw fish in ancient China.
- 江戸時代を通じて俳諧は連句形式が主流であり、発句のみを鑑賞することがあっても変わらなかった。
- Throughout the Edo period, haikai's main form was a linked-verse style, which was not changed even though people sometimes appreciated only hokku.
- それに対し記紀には広開土王碑に見られるような高句麗などとの激しい戦闘を伝えるものが全くない。
- In comparison, the kiki (Kojiki and Nihonshoki) has no description of any furious battles with Koguryo, written on the Gwanggaeto Stele.
- 小泉純一郎は首相在任当時、御誓文を元にした決まり文句「万機公論に決すべし」をよく使っていた。
- When Junichiro KOIZUMI was the Prime Minister, he often used the phrase 'all matters decided by open discussion' from Charter Oath.
- 京都・方広寺(鐘楼) - 銘文中の「国家安康」の句が徳川家康の豊臣への怒りを買ったとされる。
- Hoko-ji Temple (bell tower) in Kyoto Prefecture, by the phrase of 'Kokka-anko' (peace and security of a nation) in its inscription, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was thought to had angered towards the Toyotomi clan.
- 男雛と女雛を中心とする人形を飾り、桃の花を飾って、白酒 (日本酒)などの飲食を楽しむ節句祭り。
- Hina-matsuri is a seasonal festival to display dolls centering around the doll representing the emperor called obina and the doll representing the empress called mebina with peach flowers, enjoying eating and drinking shirozake (sweet white sake), for example.
- 昨日とは違う颯爽とした討ち入り装束に身を固め、「宝船」の句の意味を理解してくれたことを喜んだ。
- He was in costumes for a raid and appeared differently from yesterday, and he was pleased to learn `takara bune,' which he recited, was understood.
- シ幵医殳鼓(7字9行・7句)「シ幵医殳・・」で始まり、土地の豊かさを称えた詩がつづられている。
- シ幵医殳-gu (seven poems each including 9 lines of even characters): Starting with 'シ幵医殳' and poems which admired the richness of the land were written.
- なお九州年号には仏教的な語句が見られることから、九州にはこの時期既に仏教が伝来していたとする。
- It is believed that Buddhism was introduced during this period as the Kyushu era included Buddhist terms.
- 節会(せちえ)とは、日本の宮廷で節句(祝の日)などに天皇のもとに群臣を集めて行われた公式行事。
- The term 'Sechi-e' means official events held at the Japanese Imperial Court on the day of Sekku (seasonal festivals) etc. with the attendance of the Emperor and a large number of his subjects.
- 現在、秋月にある秋月郷土資料館(戸波半九郎屋敷跡)に、幹部直筆の辞世の句などが展示されている。
- At present, the death poems in the leaders' own handwriting are on display at the Akizuki Folk Museum (formerly the residence of Hankuro TONAMI) in Akizuki.
- 白村江の戦いで国を失った百済の扶余豊璋は、その後高句麗へ亡命していたが、捕らえられ幽閉された。
- Fuyo Hosho of Kudara, who lost his kingdom in the Battle of Hakusukinoe, defected to Koguryo, but was captured and imprisoned.
- 厭離穢土 (おんりえど、えんりえど)とは、浄土教の用語で、欣求浄土と対句で使われることが多い。
- 'Onriedo (also called Enriedo),' a term associated with the Jodo (Pure Land) sect, is often used to express an antithesis with Gongujodo (seeking rebirth in the Pure).
- 元来は「門徒もの知らず、法華骨なし、禅宗銭なし、浄土情なし」という各宗派を揶揄する地口の一句。
- Originally it was a part of the pun that made fun of various sects saying 'Believers of Jodo Shinshu Sect don't know about the manners of Buddhism, those of Hokke Sect have no backbone, those of Zen Sect have no money and those of Jodo Sect have no mercy.'
- 平安時代の貴族は重陽の節句に「菊の着綿」といって菊の花にかぶせた真綿で体をこすって健康を祈った。
- In the Heian period, the nobility had a ceremony called 'kiku no kisewata' (chrysanthemum covers) on the Chrysanthemum Festival day, in which people rubbed their bodies with chrysanthemums covered by cotton and wished their health.
- 連歌(れんが)は日本の伝統的詩形のひとつで、複数の人間で和歌の上句と下句を繋げていくものである。
- Renga is a traditional form of poetry, and the kaminoku (the first part of a poem) and shimonoku (the latter part of a poem) are linked together by several people.
- その後、高句麗や新羅が百済北部を侵すようになると、百済は執事の功績を賞賛し、大和に援軍を求めた。
- After that, Goguryeo began to invade Silla and the northern part of Baekje, so Baekje praised the great achievement of the official of Mimana Nihon-fu in order to ask Yamato for reinforcement.
- しかし、八坂流は早くに衰え、現在ではわずかに「訪月(つきみ)」の一句が伝えられているのみである。
- However, the Yasaka School disappeared soon, and today only one piece of music called 'Tsukimi' (moon viewing) remains.
- 渤海の前身であるとされた高句麗の復興と理解し、使節を非常に厚遇し、翌年早々に遣渤海使を派遣した。
- Japan understood that the envoy was dispatched in order to revitalize Goguryeo, the predecessor of Bokkai, treating the envoy extremely well and dispatching Kenbokkaishi early the following year.
- 黄砂は、古くより詩、句、歌などの表現に取り入れられており、いわば文化的な影響をももたらしている。
- Kosa-concerned poems, haiku poems or waka poems have been made since old times, or it can be said that kosa has affected the sphere of culture.
- 空海が最澄に送った書状3通を1巻にまとめたもので、1通目の書き出しの句に因んで風信帖と呼ばれる。
- This is a volume of the three letters sent to Saicho, and is called after the initial phrase on the first letter.
- 歌詞には古代の素朴な恋愛などを歌ったものが多く、4句切れの旋頭歌など様々な歌詞の形体をなしている。
- Many lyrics are about old simple love affairs and take various forms such as sedoka (an ancient form of waka or tanka which consists of six lines with sound units arranged as six/seven/seven, five/seven/seven) in four phrases.
- そのもっとも早い形は八代集にみられる短連歌(三十一文字の上の句と下の句を別々の作者が詠む)である。
- The earliest form of renga can be seen in the Hachidaishu (the first eight collections of waka compiled by imperial command) as a form of tanrenga (a 31-syllable poem in which the first and latter parts are made by different composers).
- 平出〔皇祖〕(公文書において用いる際に改行を行わなければならない語句(本条では「皇祖」を掲げる))
- In this Article, the term 'Heishutsu' meant a special wording which had always to be put at the top of each line in the description of any official documents, and the term 'Oso' was quoted as the heishutsu word in this Article.
- 連句として独立するのは、俳句が隆盛となって俳諧が俳句や連句を含めた総称的な用語になったことによる。
- The reason renku developed into an independent and distinct style is that haiku had begun to flourish, and so 'haikai' became a general term that encompassed both haiku and renku.
- 去来はその新風のおしえをうけて、その際、旅行以後の句風を代表する撰集を編もうとこころざしたらしい。
- Kyorai was taught the new style, and planned to edit a collection of poems that would represent the new style created after his trip.
- 平家詞曲相伝の立場からは、全句を語るのに要した時間はおよそ90時間から120時間程度とされている。
- To pass on the words and music of the entire Heike tale to the next generation, all the phrases must be recited, but it is said to have taken approximately 90 to 120 hours.
- 最も北にあり、中国に近かった高句麗へは早くも372年、小獣林王の時代に前秦から伝えられたとされる。
- It is said that it was introduced to Koguryo, which was the northernmost country, as early as in 372 during the era of the King Shojurin from Former Qin.
- しかしこの伝説は江戸時代に白隠が『延命十句観音経霊験記』に述べている以外に裏づけがないようである。
- However, there is no evidence to support this legend other than that it was mentioned by Hakuin in 'Enmei Jikku Kannongyo Reigenki' (The Wondrous Power of the Kannon Sutra for Long Life in Ten Statements).
- 悔過は諸仏の名前を唱えた後、十一面観音の姿や功徳を列挙して唱句を斉唱し、一句ごとに礼拝を繰り返す。
- In Keka, after chanting the names of various Buddhas, they chorus shoku reckoning up the figure or kudoku of Eleven-faced Kannon and adore repeatedly by each verse.
- もめた挙句に長兵衛ようやく受け取り、またこれがご縁ですので文七を養子に、近江屋とも親戚付き合いをと。
- After arguments, Chobei eventually accepted the money, and Chobei offered to adopt Bunshichi as his child and to make a relationship with Omiya as his relative in connection with this incident.
- 現在では作者名をはぶき、最後まで読んでしまう(なかなか取り手が取れない場合には下の句を繰りかえす)。
- At present, the yomi-te usually doesn't read the names of poets while reading the whole tanka, and when the tori-te can't find the tori-fuda, the yomi-te even repeats the shimo-no-ku.
- 旧暦では午の月は5月にあたり(十二支を参照のこと)、この午の月の最初の午の日を節句として祝っていた。
- It is said that in the old lunar calendar, as May is the month of the horse (refer to the item of 12 signs of the Chinese zodiac), and the first horse day of the month was celebrated as the sekku.
- なお、この慣用句を用いた文章を英語訳するときには、単に “use” の語で置き換えられることが多い。
- Incidentally, the Japanese idiomatic phrase of 'dashi ni suru' can be simply translated into the English word of 'use' in many cases.
- 中国伝来の行事と日本古来の風習が習合した上巳の祓は、3月3日の桃の節句(雛祭り)に発展したとされる。
- The purification ceremony held on joshi, which is a syncretic fusion of events of Chinese origin and ancient Japanese customs, is said to have developed into the Doll Festival on March 3.
- 雪月花(せつげつか、ゆきつきはなとも)は、白居易の漢詩「寄殷協律」の一句「雪月花時最憶君」による語。
- Setsugetsuka (or pronounced as Yuki Tsuki Hana (Snow, the Moon and Flowers)), is a word from the phrase, 'Setsugetsuka no toki mottomo kimi wo omou (I remember you especially when snow, the moon or flowers are beautiful)' in an old Chinese poem, 'In Kyoritsu ni yosu (A poem sent to In Kyoritsu)' composed by Juyi BAI.
- 菖蒲湯(しょうぶゆ)とは5月5日の端午の節句の日に、ショウブの根や葉を入れて沸かす風呂のことである。
- Shobuyu is the bathwater heated with iris roots and leaves in it on Tango no Sekku (Boys' Day) of May 5.
- あるいは雛壇を用意できぬ家庭でもその代わりとして布団ハギレで縫い合わせ心をこめた初節句の祝いとした。
- Even families that could not afford hinadan sewed pieces of cloth from futon (Japanese blanket with cover) and made a heartfelt first annual present for a baby.
- こうした戦前の業績をうけて、現代の作家、詩人たちによる連句の試みが、1960年代後半からはじまった。
- Under the influence of this and other prewar scholarly works, contemporary writers and poets of the late 1960s began to try their own hands at creating renku.
- 後者の場合でも、近接する章段同士が語句を共有したり内容的に同類であったりで、ゆるやかに結合している。
- Even in the latter case, however, adjacent chapters are loosely connected by sharing common words, phrases, or contents.
- 律令制を整え発展した唐と連合し,その律令制を受容することで強大化した新羅が,百済・高句麗を滅ぼした。
- The Silla Kingdom, which was strengthened by adopting the Ritsuryo system following its ally, the Tang Dynasty, that had already attained the development by perfecting the Ritsuryo system, overthrew Paekche and Goguryeo.
- 彼の弟である田丸稲之衛門の次女八重(諸生党によって斬首)も、17歳とは思えない辞世の句を残している。
- Also, Yae (beheaded by shoseito), the second daughter of Hyobu's younger brother Inanoemon TAMARU, left a death haiku which cannot be believed to have been written by a 17-year-old.
- 「正信念仏偈」(以降「正信偈」)草四句目下 であれば、「歸命無量壽如來」と「善導獨明佛正意」の部分。
- In case of reading the 'Shoshin nenbutsuge' (Shoshinge) (verses written by Shinran) with soshikumesage (a way of reading sentences), the parts 'kimyomuryojunyorai' and 'zendodokumyobusshoi' are read by the choshonin only.
- この十七清浄句が述べられていることによって、古来よりいろいろな解釈や研究が行われ、また事件があった。
- Regarding what is taught in this Seventeen Pure Phrases many interpretations and study have been made from ancient times, and incidents occurred.
- 謡曲本(謡本)においては、能職掌であるシテ、ワキ、地謡などの役割がかわるところで、語句の頭に使われる。
- In a sheet music of a Noh song (Utai-bon), ioriten is used at the beginning of a word when a part of each Noh player including Shite (a main actor of a Noh play), Waki (a supporting actor) and Jiutai (Noh chorus) starts.
- 対外関係では、雄略天皇8年2月(464年)に任那日本府軍が高句麗を破り、9年5月には新羅に攻め込んだ。
- Outside Japan, the Japanese Mimana Governmental Army defeated Goguryeo in February 464, and invaded Silla in June 465.
- 2005年11月、漢字文化圏にて2000年近く続いている「端午の節句」について、大韓民国が起源を主張。
- In November 2005, the Republic of Korea asserted that the 'tango no sekku' that has continued for nearly 2,000 years in the Chinese language bloc has an origin in their country.
- また八幡神は八幡大菩薩としても、夙(つと)に知られ、「南無八幡」と言う慣用句からも窺い知る事ができる。
- In addition, Hachimanshin (God of War) has been also known as Hachiman Daibosatsu (Great Bodhisattava Hachiman) and can be seen in the common expression, 'Namuhachiman' (A Shinto God of War).
- 俳句の季語と同じように、間接的な比喩として穢れ・邪気・魔・厄を、祓い清める事を表している言葉でもある。
- They also show the exorcism and purification of impurities, bad vibes that cause illness and other misfortune, devils and disasters as well as kigo (a season word) for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem).
- 句風は特定の風体に偏らず、言葉のこまやかな使い方と心情の深さ、付け句の緊迫感に優れていると評価された。
- He did not favor any specific style for the manner of writing verses in his poetry, and is instead considered to have excelled in achieving delicate word-play and true depth of feeling, and in his tsukeku (seventeen-syllable linking verse) a sense of artistic tension.
- また、玄奘訳とされるテキストには版本によって、例えば下記の箇所のように、字句の異同が十数箇所存在する。
- Moreover, in the text that is said to be a translation by Genjo there are more than 10 differences in words depending on the edition, examples of which are as follows:
- だが、この銘文に不吉な語句があると徳川家康は因縁をつけ、大仏開眼供養の中止を求めた(方広寺鐘銘事件)。
- But Ieyasu TOKUGAWA claimed that his poem included an ill-omened expression for him, and demanded that the Buddhist ceremony to consecrate the Great Buddha of Todai-ji Temple be cancelled (this is so-called Hoko-ji Temple Bell Incident).
- 頬かむりをしての花道の出は絶品とされ、岸本水府は「頬かむりの中に日本一の顔」という有名な句に残している。
- His appearance from Hanamichi with covering his cheeks was reputed to be splendid, and Suifu KISHIMOTO remained a famous phrase, 'Japan's best face in the covered cheeks.'
- 実際、気象庁などの観測データによれば、この慣用句の意味するところが概ね的を射ていることは推測可能である。
- In fact, according to the observatory data by the Meteorological Agency, it is possible to deduce that what this idiom implies is, by and large, to the point.
- 「貴穀賤金」という語句は、佐藤信淵の「物価余論簽書」に大久保一翁が題したもので、佐藤による造語ではない。
- The word 'kikokusenkin' was created by Ichio OKUBO and written on the 'Supplementary theory on Prices' by Nobuhiro SATO, which means that it was not Sato's word coinage.
- 掖邪狗らはそのまま都に向かい男女の生口30人と白珠5,000孔、青大句珠2枚、異文の雑錦20匹を貢いだ。
- They went to the capital of Wei and gave the Emperor 30 slaves (male and female), 5,000 pearls, 2 jades and a figured fabric with exotic patterns which was 53 centimeters in width, and 184 meters in length.
- 僧侶の女犯は罪であったため、不真面目な僧侶などは医者や俳句の師匠の振りをして吉原遊廓に出向きなどもした。
- As Nyobon (sexual indulgence) is a sin for Buddhist monks, some infidel monks went to play at Yoshihara yukaku (red-light district) pretending to be a doctor or a master of haiku (a Japanese poem in seventeen syllables having a 5-7-5 syllabic form and traditionally containing a reference to the seasons).
- 俳諧には発句(のち俳句に)とこの連句の形式があるが、江戸時代以前には「俳諧」とは連句形式のことであった。
- Haikai consists of hokku (later called haiku) and renku, but before the Edo period 'haikai' meant the form of renku.
- 楽師は令制では唐・新羅・高麗(高句麗)・百済及び呉楽である伎楽・腰鼓に分かれてそれぞれの音楽を担当した。
- Gakushis (musicians) were divided into groups of Tang, Silla, Goryeo (Goguryeo), Paekche and gigaku and kurezutsumi which were kuregaku, the music in Wo, and they played each music under the Ritsuryo system.
- 江戸時代には、人日(一月七日)、上巳、端午、七夕、重陽を江戸幕府が式日として定め、五節句として重視した。
- The Edo bakufu designated Jinjitsu (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of January), Joshi (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the third of March), Tango (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the fifth of May), Tanabata (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the seventh of July) and Choyo (one of the five seasonal festivals during the Edo period, held on the ninth of September) as the days of celebration and emphasized them by calling Gosekku.
- 勧進平家は、江戸時代にもさかんに行われ、複数の検校が約1ヶ月かけて交代で全句を語ることが多かったという。
- Kanjin Heike were often performed during the Edo period, too; kengyo (temple or shrine administrators) are said to have commonly spent about a month narrating all the phrases on rotation.
- 著に『補庵集』『補庵絶句』『補庵京華集』『小補東遊集』『百人一首』など、日記として『小補軒日録』がある。
- He wrote 'Hoan Shu,' 'Hoan Zekku,' 'Hoan Kyoka Shu,' 'Shoho Toyu Shu' and 'Hyakunin Isshu,' in addition to his diary, 'Shohoken Nichiroku.'
- 特に最初の部分である大楽(たいらく)の法門においては、「十七清浄句」といわれる17の句偈が説かれている。
- In particular, in Homon of Great Pleasure at the beginning, 17 poems called 'Seventeen Pure Phrases' are taught.
- また漢詩に対して詩余(しよ)とも言われ、長短不揃いの句で構成されることから長短句(ちょうたんく)ともいう。
- As contrasted with Kanshi (Chinese poems), it is called Shiyo as well; it is also known as Chotanku because it consisted of lines of irregular lengths, short and long.
- 宋代以降に文人による篆刻が盛んになると、座右の銘や漢詩、宗教的な語句、風流な文などを印文とするようになる。
- In Song Dynasty and later when tenkoku (seal carving using special Chinese characters, Tensho) by men of literature became popular, cherished motto, Chinese poetry, religious phrases and refined sentences came to be used as inmon.
- 正岡子規にはじまる近代俳句の隆盛のなかで、連句に注目した早い時期のものとして、寺田寅彦の随筆があげられる。
- During the great flourishing of the haiku poetic form, which began with Shiki MATSUOKA, Torahiko TERADA wrote an essay on renku, one of the first such writings to focus on renga.
- 季語(きご)あるいは季題(きだい)は、俳句に必ず1つ含まれることが望ましいとされる、季節を象徴的に示す語。
- Kigo, season word or kidai, seasonal topic (in haiku poetry) is a word symbolizing a given season and it is considered desirable that one of either kigo or kidai be contained in a haiku poetry.
- 南巻 王昌齢『詩格』、皎然『詩議』、(唐)殷璠『河岳英霊集』、元兢『古今詩人秀句』(西晋)、陸機「文賦」。
- The volume of South: 'Poetry Rules' by Wang Changling, 'Discussion on Poetry' by Jiaoran, 'He yue ying ling ji' by Yin Fan in China (Tang), 'Elegant Lines of Poets Past' by Yuan Jing in China (Western Jin), 'About Prose and Rhapodies' by Lu Ji.
- 芸能では、貴族層は前代以来の歌謡である催馬楽(さいばら)や神楽歌、漢詩や和歌の名句を吟ずる朗詠を楽しんだ。
- As for public entertainment, court nobles enjoyed songs and ballads from former generations; saibara (genre of Heian-period Japanese court music - primarily consisting of gagaku-styled folk melodies), kagura-uta (songs to accompany kagura performances) and roei recitation of famous phrases from Chinese-style poem or waka.
- 堯智は、橘清友の名を出して、初句を「君か代ともいうなり」とし、「我が大君の天の下知しめす」と解説している。
- 堯智 referred to TACHIBANA no Kiyotomo and said that the first line read 'Kimigayo' and explained that it meant 'my lord reigns over the whole world.'
- 日本は朝鮮半島への足掛かりを失い、日本は大国唐の脅威にさらされることとなった(668年には高句麗も滅亡)。
- Japan lost its foothold on Korean Peninsula and Japan came to face the threat of a great power, Tang (in 668, Goguryeo also went to ruin).
- 朝鮮半島では、7世紀中葉ごろ、高句麗・百済との緊張が高まっていた新羅により、律令受容の試みが行われていた。
- Around the mid seventh century in the Korean Peninsula, Silla of the three kingdoms of Korea adopted Luli tentatively during the period when the tensions against Koguryo and Baekje ran high.
- 戦後、唐が百済・高句麗の故地を占領し、新羅に対しても政治的な圧力をかけていたが、それも長くは続かなかった。
- After the war, the Tang Dynasty occupied the former territories of Kudara and Koguryo and put political pressure on Silla as well, but this did not continue for long.
- 『法句経』には、バラモンが托鉢に来た釈迦に論戦を挑んで逆に感化され、在家信者となった逸話が収録されている。
- In 'Hokkukyo Sutra' (Words of Truth, Dhammapada), an anecdote is recorded that Brahman (priest of Hinduism, members of the highest caste) challenged Shaka to a debate, who was practicing takuhatsu, and instead, was influenced by Shaka to be a lay believer.
- 広島県廿日市市の地御前神社(厳島神社の外宮(摂社))では、旧暦5月5日端午の節句の御陵衣祭に行われている。
- Jigozen-jinja Shrine (Itsukushima-jinja Shrine's Geku (sessha (a related shrine))) in Hatsukaichi City, Hiroshima Prefecture performs yabusame on May 5 for the Goryoe-sai Festival within the Boy's Festival based on the old calendar.
- この際、瀟湘八景と同様に前2句+後2句の漢字4文字となるように項目名が設定されることが多い(例:金沢八景)。
- In many cases, as with the Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, the item name is made up of four Kanji (Chinese characters): the first pair and the latter pair (e.g. '金沢八景' Eight Views of Kanazawa).
- これが江戸時代になり女子の「人形遊び」と節物の「節句の儀式」と結びつき、全国に広まり、飾られるようになった。
- During the Edo period, the girls' 'doll play' was combined with the 'ceremony of the seasonal festival' with the features of the season, which spread across the country and dolls began to be displayed.
- 「御節」とは、中国大陸から伝わった暦上の節目、季節の変わり目などにあたる節日(せちにち、節句)のことを指す。
- Osechi was originally a term used in reference to Sechinichi or Sekku (seasonal festivals) corresponding to special occasions on the calendar, the change of seasons, etc., which were imported from the Chinese continent.
- さらに後世の勅撰和歌集に形を変えながら継承され、また連歌におけるさらに細分化された句の分類の基礎ともなった。
- This classification method, while going through various revisions, was passed down to the succeeding anthologies of waka by Imperial command and, furthermore, became the cornerstone of organizing renga which further segment zed poems.
- 新羅が降伏した後、三韓の残り二国(百済、高句麗)も相次いで日本の支配下に入ったとされるためこの名で呼ばれる。
- After Silla surrendered, two remaining countries from the three (Paekche [pronounced 'Kudara' in Japanese: Kingdom of ancient Korea] and Koguryo [pronounced 'Kokuri' in Japanese: Kingdom of ancient Korea]) surrendered to Japanese authority, one after another; so, this war affair came to be known as the Sankan-Seibatsu.
- 6世紀から7世紀の朝鮮半島では高句麗、百済、新羅の三国が鼎立していたが、新羅は二国に圧迫される存在であった。
- From the 6th century to the 7th century, the Korean Peninsula was comprised of the three kingdoms of Koguryo, Kudara, and Silla, but Silla was constantly under pressure from the other two kingdoms.
- 神籤に吉凶の語句が記されず、運勢の説明文・和歌等のみが御籤に記されている寺社もある(滋賀県の多賀大社など)。
- There are also temples and shrines which do not inscribe the good or bad fortune on mikuji, but only have the explanation or waka poetry (such as Taga Taisha shrine in Shiga Prefecture).
- 後漢の中国の書家一覧崔瑗の『座右銘』100字(五言二十句)を草書で2、3字ずつ、数十行に書かれたものである。
- In this, the 100 characters (five characters/phrase x 20 phrases) of 'Zayumei' in the calligrapher list in the Later Han Dynasty in China were written in the sosho-tai style, with two ro three characters on each line of several tens of lines in total.
- 俳号(はいごう)あるいは俳名(はいめい、はいみょう)とは、俳諧あるいは後の俳句を作る際に用いる号のことである。
- Haigo or Haimei (or Haimyo) is the pen name used in making Haikai or later Haiku.
- 江戸時代の代表的俳人・松尾芭蕉は、1688年(貞享5年)春、かつて奉公した頃のことなどを思って次の句を詠んだ。
- Basho MATSUO, the most famous haiku poet, wrote the following poem in the spring of 1688 thinking of the days during which he had served.
- そして舞を踊った後、「浮世をば 今こそ渡れ武士の 名を高松の 苔に残して」という辞世の句をしたため、自害した。
- After performing a dance, Muneharu killed himself with a death haiku, which read: Now is the time to go beyond this life, leaving a samurai's name as long lasting as moss on a pine tree.
- 愛宕神社 (京都市)に参篭し、28日・29日に「時は今 天が下知る 五月哉」の発句で知られる連歌の会を催した。
- He confined himself in the Atago-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City) for prayer and, on May 28 and 29, he held a party for renga (linked verse) which is very well known from its first line, 'Tokihaima amegashitashiru satsukikana' (The time is now in May, which everybody knows).
- 王陽明は心そのものに善悪の区別はないとしたが、「四句教」にあるように「意」・「良知」・「物」には善悪を認めた。
- Wang Yangming stated that mind is free from good and evil, but in the 'Four Sentences'', he recognized good and evil in 'intention', 'ryochi' and 'things'.
- 勧進平家(かんじんへいけ)は、寺社の改修費用などを集めるために琵琶法師が『平家物語』の全200句を語ったもの。
- Kanjin Heike refers to a total of 200 phrases of 'Tale of the Heike,' as narrated by Biwa Hoshi to collect money for temple repairs.
- かつてはこの全歌を歌ったから、それを庭燎の「諸歌」(もろうた)と称えたが、近代は上句のみを歌い、下句は歌わない。
- This poem was formerly called the 'morouta' (entire verse) of Niwabi because the entire part of the poem was chanted at one time; however, in recent times only the first part of the poem was chanted, whereas the last part was not chanted.
- 馬薦鼓(5字8行・句数不明)靖康の変で字を失った鼓で、宋拓でも20字に満たず、詩の解釈は当初から断念されている。
- Ma-di-gu (the number of poems unknown each having eight lines of five characters): This gu is the gu which lost its characters in the Jingkang incident and less than 20 characters can be read from the Song rubbed copy and interpretation of its poems was given up from the first.
- 日本では端午の節句に男子の健やかな成長を祈願し各種の行事を行う風習があり、国民の祝日「こどもの日」になっている。
- In Japan, there is a custom of holding variety of events praying for the healthy growth of boys on the day of Tango no sekku, and May 5 is a national holiday, called 'Children's Day.'
- 片歌・旋頭歌・短歌・長歌などの五音と七音を標準とする歌体に、対句・くりかえし・枕詞・序詞などの技法が用いられた。
- Poetic devices such as Tsuiku, Kurikaeshi (repetition), Makura kotoba, Jo kotoba, etc., were used for a verse form of basic lines of five and seven syllables, like Katauta, Sedoka, Tanka and Choka.
- 歌仙を巻いて、その後で付け合いの雰囲気や意図について解説対談を行うという形式によって、連句の可能性が追求された。
- Each time they completed another kasen, they would discuss and debate the poem's mood and purpose, thereby exploring the latent potential of renku as an art form.
- 石川・安東は亡くなったが、大岡、丸谷を中心に2006年現在も雑誌『すばる』誌上を中心に連句興行が続けられている。
- Although Ishikawa and Ando have already passed away, Oka and Maruya have continued, as of 2006, to hold gatherings to create renku, the results of which are published in the magazine 'Subaru.'
- わびさびのもっとも円熟した時期の集であり、真に幽玄閑寂の風をあらわし、発句、連句ともに天下の亀鑑であるとされる。
- It is a collection compiled while the idea of wabi (taste for the simple and quiet) and sabi (tranquility) matured most, expressing yugen (subtle and profound beauty) kanjaku (quiet), so both hokku and renku in the collection are the best models in the whole country.
- 当主がたった一人の従者と揉め事を起こし、口論の挙句屋敷内で殺害してしまう事件を起こすなど、家運は振るわなかった。
- The family was ill-fated because, for example, the head of the family had trouble with the only servant of his, and after having a quarrel he killed the servant in his residence.
- また、伊地知重貞と『大学章句』を刊行(1481年)して宋学の普及に努めたことから、薩南学派の祖として名を成した。
- He became famous as the founder of the Satsunan School as he was committed to the propagation of Sogaku (Neo-Confucianism) by publishing 'Daigaku shoku' with Shigesada IJICHI in 1481.
- 文献的には文政12年(1829年 1827年作句)『柳多留』に「妖術という身で握るすしの飯」とあるのが初出である。
- The first reference to Edomae-zushi is found in a senryu (humorous poem) in 'Yanagidaru' (a collection of senryu) published in 1829: 'Sushi shaped by ninja's magic' (made in 1827).* Ninja's pressing his hands together at eye level before using ninja skills looks like shaping sushi by hand.
- 江戸時代後期に入ると名題以上の役者は、屋号、芸名のほかに、俳句を作る作らないに関わりなく必ず俳名を持つようになる。
- In the late Edo period, actors other than the chief Kabuki actors certainly had Haimyo in addition to a family stage name and other stage names whether or not he wrote haiku.
- 飲料メーカーは「ノンカロリー」「カテキン効果」などを宣伝文句に販売し、欧米やアジア諸国でも緑茶ブームが起きている。
- Beverage makers sell their products, using 'calorie-free' or 'catechin effects' as their catch phrases; there are also green tea booms in Europe, America and Asian countries.
- また慣用句として弓矢に限らず、射幸心の伴う事柄で、当ってくれと願う時に「南無八幡」と唱える言葉の語源となっている。
- In addition, it is the word of origin of 'Namuhachiman,' invoked when people wish for good luck with shako-shin, not only in shooting arrows.
- - 端午の節句(5日)、ゴールデンウィーク(3日、4日、5日を中心に連休の長さにより毎年変動)、母の日(第2日曜)
- Boys' Festival (the 5th), Golden Week (early-May holiday season in Japan) (the time of the holiday changes every year due to the length of holidays before and after the 3rd, 4th and 5th), and Mother's Day (the second Sunday)
- 中世の鎌倉時代から100句を基準とする長連歌の形式が整えられ、南北朝時代 (日本)を経て室町時代が最盛期とされる。
- Since the medieval Kamakura period, the Chorenga had evolved into a hundred-stanza sequence, and after the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) it reached its golden age in the Muromachi period.
- Sierra社のゲーム、「Swat 2」には、「バショー」と名乗り英語のヘンな俳句を読むテロ組織の黒幕が登場する。
- In a game from Sierra, 'Swat 2,' a backroom manipulator of a terrorist organization who identify himself as 'Basho' and composes strange haiku (Japanese poems) in English.
- 然れども、上古の時、言意(ことばこころ)並びに朴(すなほ)にして、文を敷き句を構ふること、字におきてすなはち難し。
- However, during the ancient period, the words and meanings were so unsophisticated that it was difficult to describe the content when organizing characters and forming a phrase by using characters from abroad.
- 元は中国古典に見られる『勧課農桑』という句が略されたもので、日本では律令において国司の職務とされたのが初見である。
- Originally, kanno was a shortened term for 'kankanoso' written in the Chinese classics and in Japan that was first regarded as the duty of kokushi in the ritsuryo system of governance (a constitutional form of governance).
- 「入欧」という言葉にいたっては(したがって「脱亜入欧」という成句もまた)、福沢はかつて一度も用いたことがなかった。
- Fukuzawa never used the word 'Nyu-O' (therefore, no 'Datsu-A Nyu-O').
- 713年、靺鞨族や旧高句麗人(狛族)を中心に中国東北部に建国された渤海 (国)とは緊密な使節の往来がおこなわれた。
- Japan carried out rigorous diplomatic missions to Balhae, which had been established in 713 mainly by the Makkatsu tribe and people from former Goguryeo(狛族) in the north-eastern area of China.
- 一方、朝鮮半島では唐と新羅が666年から高句麗攻撃に入っており、2度の攻勢によって668年についにこれを滅ぼした。
- On the other side, on the Korean Peninsula, the Silla-Tang allied forces started to attack Koguryo in 666, and they successfully destroyed it in 668 at the second attempt.
- 其角は源吾の妹、腰元のお縫が殿の勘気を被っていることを知り、「気に入らぬ風もあろうに柳かな」と俳句で松浦侯を諌める。
- Kikaku, who learned Shigenobu was peeved at Gengo's younger sister, Onui, and recited the haiku, `Kini iranu kazemo aroka yanagi kana' (treat the things calmly as if willows were blown by various winds) to caution him.
- 秋の、野の花が咲き乱れる野原を「花野」(はなの)といい、花野を散策して短歌や俳句を詠むことが、古来より行われていた。
- The autumn field, where wildflowers bloom, is called 'Hanano' (flower field), and since early times people would walk around the field and compose Tanka (poems of 31 syllables) or Haiku (poems of 17 syllables).
- ただし、このような復興の動きがある反面、連歌を行う人口や結社の数は、俳句に比べれば僅少といえる状態にとどまっている。
- Although there is a revival movement, the number of associations and people who make renga is still small by comparison to that of haiku.
- また、俳句の季語としては「霾(つちふる・ばい)」、「霾曇(よなぐもり)」、「霾風(ばいふう)」なども用いられている。
- As kigo (season-indicating words) for haiku poems, 'tsuchifuru' (also referred as 'bai,' dark sky due to dust), 'yonagumori' (dark sky due to dust) and 'baifu' (a strong wind flinging up sand) are used.
- 朝鮮半島の百済や高句麗を通じて伝えられた中国大陸の南北朝時代 (中国)の文化の影響を受け、国際性豊かな文化でもある。
- It was an abundantly cosmopolitan culture, influenced by the Northern and Southern Dynasties period culture of the Chinese continent, which was introduced to Japan via the Korean kingdoms of Baekje and Goguryeo.
- 其角は早速「年の瀬や水の流れも人の身も」と発句し、大高はこれに「あした待たるるこの宝船」と返し、仇討ちをほのめかす。
- Kikaku straightaway started the poem by saying 'the end of the year, the flow of water and even people's lives are,' and Otaka completed and hinted at the revenge by saying 'waiting for the treasure ship to come the next day.'
- 日蓮が、法華経の常不軽品をもって折伏の例を出したのは、天台宗の智顗の「法華文句(ほっけもんく)」によったものである。
- Nichiren exemplified shakubuku by Jofukyobon in Hokekyo (Lotus Sutra) because he referenced Hokke Monku (Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sutra) written by Chigi (or Zhiyi) in the Tendai sect.
- この成句(詩)は、『青嶂集』(相国寺刊・梶谷宗忍訳注『観中録・青嶂集』所収)に、「進学斎」という題で収録されている。
- This phrase (poem) is included with the title 'Shingakusai' in 'Seishoshu' (included in 'Kanchuroku Seishoshu' issued by Shokoku-ji Temple, translated and commented by Sonin KAJITANI))
- そこに性行為を含め人間の営みはすべて本来は清浄なものであると十七清浄句が説かれていることに起因すると考えられている。
- It is considered that the creed of the Tachikawa-ryu school originates from the sermons about 17 pure states which say that all human activities, including sexual intercourse, is essentially pure.
- 風物詩の範囲は幅広く、俳句の季語として限定されたものと違って、日本の季節を現代人の我々の心に訴えかけているものを指す。
- Fubutsushi covers a wide range of things and differs from words restricted as kigo (a season word) for haiku (Japanese seventeen-syllable poem) in that Fubutsushi refers to things with which a season in Japan appeals to the mind of our modern people.
- なお引用にあたってはおもに参考文献にあげた『謡曲大観』を参照しているが、読解の容易から適宜漢字変換、句読点を追加した)
- Although the quotations were referenced from the 'Yokyoku Taikan' (a complete anthology of Noh plays), some characters have been converted into modern Chinese characters and punctuation marks have been added for readability.
- 推古天皇が「太刀ならば句礼(中国の呉)の真鋤(刀剣の意味)」と詠っているように、古代は大陸からの輸入品が主流であった。
- As the Emperor Suiko said 'masasabi (swords) produced in Kure (Wu-southern part of ancient China) are the best', swords imported from China were mainly used during ancient times.
- 「妖術と いう身で握る 鮓の飯」『柳多留』(文政12年 1829年 作句は1827年)が、握り寿司の文献的初出である。
- Senryu (humorous or ironical haiku), 'Form rice of sushi by hand as quickly as a sorcerer forms a round shape with fingers,' in 'Yanagidaru' (a collection of senryu) (1829; year when the haiku was made was 1827) was the first description of Nigiri-zushi appearing in literatures.
- そして喪のために軍を動かすことができず、けっきょく、しばらくのあいだ休息して、高句麗の勢いをくじかないままであります。
- And because of mourning my father and brother, I can not move the military, and after all, I have rested for a while and have not unnerved Goguryeo's force.
- 前漢の経学は一経専門であり、流派を重んじて、師から伝えられる家法を守り、一字一句も変更することがなかった(章句の学)。
- The learning of Keisho in former Han was specially restricted to only one classic, respecting the school, and following the rules and interpretations of the school told by the teacher, word for word (A study on Confucian Classics where the literature is divided into phrases, chapters and sections and their meanings or abstracts are lectured and explained).
- さらに松尾芭蕉以降の俳句では中心的な美意識となるが、松尾本人が寂について直接語ったり記した記録は非常に少ないとされる。
- In haiku since Basho MATSUO, it became the central sense of beauty, however, seldom did Matsuo himself talk or write directly about the elegant simplicity of sabi.
- 二条良基:「筑玖波集」の撰(1356年)、また「応安新式」(1372年)では100句を基準とする長連歌の形式を定めた。
- Yoshimoto NIJO: edited 'Tsukubashu' (1356) and established a style of a chorenga (a longer linked poem) based on 100 phrases in 'Oanshinshiki' (1372).
- なお、漢訳には題名に「経」が付されているが、サンスクリットテキストの題名には「経」に相当する「スートラ」の字句はない。
- Additionally, a Chinese title accompanies the word '経 (sutra),' but in the title of Sanskrit text there is no word 'sutra' that corresponds to '経.'
- 別の文句がいくらでもあったのに失敗した、と歴々の僧たちが後悔していると伝え聞いて、またまた世人はこれを笑いものにした。
- The public made a mockery of the Hokkeshu sect when they heard that the high-ranked monks of the sect regretted that they should have used another expression instead of 'lost the debate.'
- 上記のように春の象徴・花の代名詞として和歌によく歌われるほか、俳句の世界でも、古くから春の季語として桜が用いられてきた。
- As mentioned above, it was often written in waka poems as a symbol of spring and pronoun for flower, and also in haiku world it has been used as a season word of spring from long ago.
- 日常の食事において供されるほか、盆や正月、節句や祭りなどの、人が多く参集する際のふるまい・もてなし料理としても供される。
- Nishime is served not only as an everyday meal but also for feasts served at occasions such as the Obon festival (Festival of the Dead or Buddhist All Soul's Day), New Year's holidays, seasonal festivals and other festivals where many people are assembled and guests are welcomed with food.
- のちに、南都の復興に大いに力を貸すことになる右大臣九条兼実は、この南都の被害を聞いて、絶句するほどであった(『玉葉』)。
- Kanezane KUJO, minister of right, who gave much assistance to restoration of Nanto later, lost words when he heard of this devastation ('Gyokuyo' [Diary of Kanezane KUJO]).
- この1年4ヶ月にも及ぶ遠征の挙句の敗戦の上、この遠征で養嗣子の大内晴持を失った義隆は以後政治に対する意欲を失ってしまう。
- After this one year and four month long invasion ended in failure with Yoshitaka losing his adopted son Harumochi OUCHI, Yoshitaka completely lost his political ambition.
- そのため、家康側が全面的に銘文の字句を口実としたものではなく、豊臣側の軽率な行為に乗じたものというという性格の方が強い。
- Therefore, the incident was not essentially the one that the Ieyasu side used the phrases in the inscription for the full excuse for attacking the Toyotomi's side, but took advantage of the thoughtlessness of the Toyotomi side.
- 代表的な経典としては、法句経、阿含経、般若経、維摩経、涅槃経、華厳経、法華三部経、浄土三部経、金剛頂経などが挙げられる。
- The major Buddhist sutras include Hokku-kyo Sutra (Dhammapada), Agon-kyo Sutra, Hannya-kyo Sutra, Yuima-kyo Sutra, Nehan-kyo Sutra (Sutra of The Great Nirvana), Kegon-kyo Sutra, Hokke Sanbu-kyo Sutra (Threefold Lotus Sutra), the Three Sutras of the Pure Land (Jodosanbu-kyo Sutra), Kongocho-kyo Sutra, etc.
- 江戸時代、歌舞伎役者には素養として俳句をはじめとする風流の道をたしなむ者が多く、もともとはそのための号として俳号が生れた。
- Many Kabuki actors enjoyed furyu including haiku as part of the education in the Edo period, and Haimyo originated as an item for the Kabuki actors.
- 逍遥の手になる台詞は、それまでの歌舞伎のセリフと違い難解な語句を多用しながらも芸術性豊かな出来でこの劇の品格を高めている。
- Words written by Shoyo, unlike traditional words in Kabuki, uses a difficult passage, but are of high artistic quality, giving dignity to this drama.
- 9月の重陽の節句、8月朔日などの行なわれたが、3月のひな祭のように一般に行なわれたのではなく、またいつしか廃されたらしい。
- Though it was held on the Chrysanthemum Festival in September or the first day of August, it was not popular like Hinamatsuri in March, and it is said to have died out at some point.
- 「葛」という字は単体では「くず」であるが、「かづら」とも読むことができ、かづらはつる植物の総称としても使われる語句である。
- The Chinese character '葛' itself is read as 'kuzu' but it is sometimes read as 'kazura' and kazura is a word used as a general term for vines.
- 5月9日 歌枕松島(宮城県宮城郡松島町)芭蕉は「いづれの人か筆をふるひ詞(ことば)を尽くさむ」とここでは句を残さなかった。
- June 25, 1689, at Utamakura (place names used in Japanese poetry, where a kind of code with a special meaning, mood, season or other reference to history is implied) Matsushima (Matsushima Town, Miyagi County, Miyagi Prefecture), Basho did not compose a haiku saying, 'What painter or writer could ever capture fully the wonder of the masterpiece of nature?'
- 『政事要略』においては、『儀式 貞観』という引用句があり、続いて『本朝法家文書目録』には『貞観儀式』10巻と記されている。
- The term 'Gishiki Jogan' is cited in 'Seiji yoryaku' (examples of politics in the Heian period) and the term 'Jogan gishiki 10 volumes' is found in 'Honcho hoka monjo mokuroku' (legal book-catalog during Heian-Japan).
- しかし、明治6年の新暦採用が『五節句(=雛祭り)』の祝日廃止となって、さらに「国民の祝日」より「皇室の祝日」色が濃くなった。
- With the adoption of the new calendar in 1873, the holidays of the 'go-sekku (i.e., Hina-matsuri)' were abolished, and accordingly, the holidays were further like 'holidays for the Imperial family' rather than 'holidays for the people.'
- 俳句の成立以降は、伝統的な座の文芸たる連歌の俳諧を近代文芸として行うとき、俳句とは区別するためこれを連句と呼ぶようになった。
- After the establishment of haiku, when the traditional group literature of renga was composed as modern literature, it came to be called renku (a linked verse) in order to distinguish it from haiku.
- もっとも季語を含まない俳句もあり、その場合には、江戸俳諧の発句では雑(ぞう)の句、子規以降の近代俳句では無季俳句と呼ばれる。
- It is true, however, that some haiku poems have no season word and, in such cases, those haiku poems were referred to as 'zo no ku' (miscellaneous poems) in hokku (the first line of waka or haiku) of haikai in the Edo period which became known as mukihaiki (haiku without season word) in the modern haiku after the generation of Shiki MASAOKA.
- また、6年9月(493年10月)に高句麗(こま)へ日鷹吉士(ひたかのきし)を遣わし、皮の工匠などの手工業者を招いたとされる。
- In September, 493, he dispatched HITAKA no Kishi to Koma (Goguryeo) and invited manufacturers of handicrafts, for example, master tanners.
- 当該改正法の趣旨は、総理府設置法の施行に伴い、関係法令にある総理庁、宮内府の字句をそれぞれ総理府、宮内庁と改めることである。
- The aim of the amended law is to, with the enforcement of General Administrative Agency of the Cabinet Establishment Act, change the letters in Soricho and Kunaifu in the related acts and ordinances to Sorifu and Kunaicho, respectively.
- ヤマト王権(倭国)は百済と連携して朝鮮半島南部への出兵を頻繁に展開し、このことは高句麗が遺した広開土王碑にも記述されている。
- The Gwanggaeto Stele, erected by the Korean Kingdom of Goguryeo, states that the Yamato Kingdom (Wakoku) began dispatching troops to the southern Korean Peninsula in collaboration with the Kingdom of Baekje.
- 十七清浄句は欲望の単なる肯定であると誤解されたり、また欲望肯定(或は男女性交)=即身成仏であると誤解されたりする向きも多い。
- Many people wrongly believe that Seventeen Pure Phrases are merely desire-affirmative, or that being desire-affirmative (or sexual intercourse) leads to Sokushin-Jobutsu (attaining Buddhahood while still alive).
- なお、現代の俳句団体では、団体によって差はあるが、常連メンバー同士が句会の際に用いる俳号だけでお互いを認識している場合がある。
- In addition, in some haiku groups nowadays, Haigo in kukai (haiku gathering) is used to recognize regular members.
- 九鬼周造は『「いき」の構造』において、いきを「他の言語に全く同義の語句が見られない」ことから日本独自の美意識として位置付けた。
- In his book, he positioned it as an aesthetic sense original to Japan, considering that 'other languages do not have any synonymous words.'
- この句が、明智光秀の謀反の決意を示すものとの解釈があるが(下記動機と首謀者に関するその他の考察の項参照)、句の解釈は種々ある。
- There is a view that interprets this line as Mitsuhide's determination of revolt (Refer to the section 'Other Considerations about Motive and Ringleader'), but there are various interpretations.
- やがて武家社会でも行われるようになり、江戸時代には庶民の人形遊びと節句が結び付けられ、行事となり「雛祭り」として発展して行った。
- Later, Hina-asobi also became popular within the buke shakai (the society of samurai families) and then during the Edo period, commoners playing with dolls was associated with seasonal festivals to form an event of season which developed into the Hina Festival or 'Hina-matsuri.'
- 更に東山御文庫旧所蔵本(現在お茶の水図書館所蔵)では「詩四病」「諸句体」などの項目が付けられているなど、諸本によって違いがある。
- Further, items of '詩四病' and '諸句体' are seen in a book formerly owned by Higashiyama Gobunko (currently owned by Ochanomizu Library) and as seen above, there are differences among shohon.
- なお、古今和歌六帖では、上の句が「我が君は千代にましませ」となっており、古今和歌集も古い写本には「ましませ」となったものもある。
- In Kokin Waka Rokujo, the first three lines of waka is 'wagakimiha chiyonimashimase (literally, 'my lord may live a thousand years) and also in a certain old manuscript of Kokin-Wakashu, it is written 'mashimase.'
- 朱子以前より『大学』は文章・字句が並べ間違えられている、あるいは抜けていると言われていたが、それを改めたのが『大学章句』である。
- It was said that, before Zhu Xi, 'the Great Learning' had some sentences and words in the wrong order or that were missing and these errors were corrected in his 'Commentary on the Great Learning'('Daxue zhangju' in Chinese, 'Daigaku shoku' in Japanese).
- 『顕浄土真実教行証文類(教行信証)』…「正信念佛偈(正信偈)」は、『教行信証』の「行巻」の末尾にある、七言百二十句からなる偈文。
- 'Kenjodoshinjitsukyogyoshomonrui (Kyogyoshinsho)': 'Shoshin Nenbutsu-ge (Shoshinge)' is Gemon of seven words and 120 phrases at the bottom of 'the volume of Gyo (行)' in Kyogyoshinsho.
- お散らしに限らず、江戸時代までは読み手は作者の名前から順に読み上げ、上の句が終わったところで読むことをやめるのが常であったようだ。
- During the Edo period, the yomi-te would sometimes read the name of the poet and only ue-no-ku, as another way of playing the game.
- さらに続けて「(ハチがなくて)芭蕉の句だ」の落ちもあり、これは七のあとに繋げられるので、都合5×210通りのオチがあることになる。
- Continuing further, there exists another ochi, '(No phrase containing hachi [8]) then Basho no ku (poem, 9) (a poem written by Basho)' which can be linked with a phrase containing 7; so there are a total of 5x210 ochis.
- そのため当たり振る舞いにつきものであった当たり狂言にちなんだ餅番、酒番(さかばん)、茶番、絵直し、投扇興、俳句などの余興は減じた。
- This resulted in the decrease of various party entertainments associagted with full-house kyogen commonly seen in a full-house feasting, such as mochiban, sakaban, chaban (improvised farces), a fan-throwing game and haiku.
- 「雪月花時最憶君」は『和漢朗詠集』交友の部に前句とともに採られており、先に触れた村上天皇の挿話もこの連想を下敷きにしたものである。
- Together with the preceding line, 'Setsugetsuka no toki mottomo kimi o omou' is inluded in the Chapter of Friendship in 'Wakan Roeishu' (Japanese and Chinese poems to sing); and the anecdote about Emperor Murakami mentioned above also was based on the association between 'setsugetsuka no toki' and 'mottomo kimi o omou.'
- その大意が説かれ四書五経や『孝経』などから語句を引用しつつ、日本・中国の歴史事例299話と図画62枚をもって解説が加えられている。
- The general idea of each virtue is explained by quoting expressions from 'Shishogokyo' (the Four Books and Five Classics of Confucianism) or 'Kokyo' (the Book of Filial Piety) and offering an interpretation of each of the two hundred ninety-nine Japanese and Chinese history cases along with sixty-two drawing.
- 各版本によっては「難知如陰」と「不動如山」が逆に記されている場合もあり、「風林火山」はそうした版の前四句を採用したものと思われる。
- Sometimes 'as hard to know as dark' and 'as immovable as the mountain' are written in a different order depending on the version of the book, and it is thought that 'Fu-Rin-Ka-Zan' were taken from the first four phrases in one of those books.
- しかし明治時代になると、正岡子規によって、従来の座の文芸たる俳諧連歌から発句を独立させた個人の文芸として、近代の俳句が確立された。
- In the Meiji period, however, Shiki MASAOKA brought the traditional literature, haikai renga, to the status of the modern haiku composed by a single poet, making hokku independent from renga.
- 大阪御堂筋の旅宿・花屋仁左衛門方で「旅に病んで夢は枯野をかけ廻る」の句を残して客死した(よく辞世の句と言われているが結果論である。
- He left a haiku 'Tabi ni yande/yume wa kareno o/kakemeguru' (Sick on a journey, my dreams wander the withered fields) at Nizaemon HANAYA's lodge in Midosuji, Osaka and died abroad (It is often said to be a death haiku in hindsight.
- 真言密教の自性清浄を端的に表した句偈であり、人間の行動や考え、営み自体は本来は不浄なものではないと述べていることがその肝要である。
- However, these phrases plainly express the pure human nature of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism, and the essence of the scriptures is to explain that human actions, ideas and activities are themselves naturally pure.
- 最澄は『法華秀句』を著した直後に没し、徳一もその後の動向は不詳なため、両者の論争が必ずしも明確な結論を得て終結した訳ではなかった。
- After Saicho wrote 'Hokke-shuku' he died and it is unknown where Tokuitsu was after that and thus the dispute between them did not reach a clear conclusion.
- (なお引用にあたってはおもに参考文献にあげた『謡曲大観』を参照しているが、漢字変換、句読点のうちかた等は、執筆者独自のものである。)
- (Although, as stated in the references, the quotation comes from 'Yokyoku Taikan' [a complete anthology of Noh plays], the kanji and punctuation used by the author of this webpage may differ from that of the original text.)
- 演者は、本来の指定にかかわらず最初の一句を坐ったまま謡い、次に立ち上って舞い、最後に打ち込みと呼ばれる型を行って坐って一曲を終える。
- A performer chants the first phrase in a sitting posture regardless of original designation, then stands up and dances, and finally performs a movemenet called Uchikomi (the Scooping Point), and then sits down and finishes the piece.
- 幾つかの決まり文句があるが一般的に同僚や同年輩以外の年長者や世話になった相手には賀正、迎春などの2文字熟語は避けるのが慣わしである。
- There are several fixed phrases, but it's customary not to use two-letter words such as 賀正 and 迎春 to elders and people who have helped, except for colleagues and friends of nearly the same age.
- 正しくは俳諧の連歌あるいは俳諧連歌と呼び、正統の連歌から分岐して、遊戯性を高めた集団文芸であり、発句や連句といった形式の総称である。
- Strictly speaking, it is called haikai no renga (humorous linked poem) or haikai renga, which diverged from the orthodox renga, being made more playful, so it's a form of group literature as well as a general term for the forms of hokku (the first line of a waka poem) and renku (a linked verse).
- 「心を一にして」は日本国民の団結を表現する当時の決まり文句であり、江戸期の水戸学者の著作から後の教育勅語に至るまで広く使われている。
- 心を一にして (Shall be united) ' was cliche expressing the unity of Japanese people at the time and was used widely from literary works of Mitogaku (the scholarship and academic traditions that arose in the Mito Domain) academics in the Edo period to the Imperial Rescript on Education.
- 日本もこれを「蕃国」高句麗の再来としてその朝貢を歓迎し、また新羅との対抗関係から、渤海との通交をきわめて重視し、遣渤海使を派遣した。
- Japan welcomed this tribute as the second coming of the 'barbarian country' Goguryeo and, highly valuing friendly relations with Balhae in relation to their struggle with Silla, they dispatched envoys.
- また松尾芭蕉の遺作を研究し刊行した『芭蕉翁発句集』『芭蕉翁文集』『芭蕉翁俳諧集』の三部作は、はじめて芭蕉の著作を集成したものである。
- His research on Basho MATSUO's posthumous work came to fruition as the trilogy 'Basho okina hokku shu' (Collection of hokku (haiku) of Basho the Elder), 'Basho okina bunshu' (Collection of anthologies of Basho the Elder), and 'Basho okina haikai shu' (Collection of haikai of Basho the Elder), which were the first anthology of Basho's works.
- 読みかたに関しては上の句と下の句のあいだで間をもたせすぎるのはよくないといわれるが、本来の遊び方からいえばナンセンスな問題ともいえる。
- Some people say that the yomi-te shouldn't place as much of an interval between the ue-no-ku and the shimo-no-ku, however, that opinion is nonsense if one considers the original purpose.
- 1909年に発表された夏目漱石の「それから」に護謨毬(ごむまり)という語句が出ており、20世紀に入ってから急速に普及したことが伺える。
- In the 'Sorekara' (And Then), a novel written by Soseki NATSUME and published 1909, the word Gomumari comes up, which suggests that the word became common in the 20th century.
- 形としては連歌の様式を踏襲し、五七五の句の後に七七の句を交互に付けていき、三十六句(歌仙)、五十句(五十韻)、百句(百韻)等よりなる。
- In terms of its formal structure, it follows the renga form, beginning with a three-line verse (ku) of five, seven, and five syllables respectively, followed by a succession of two-line verses of seven syllables each, until a length of 36 verses (kasen), 50 verses (goju-in), or 100 verses (hyaku-in) is reached.
- 当時の民間の流行歌謡であり、白拍子という女性芸人(しばしば遊女を兼ねた)のうたう七五調四句を基調とする今様も貴族社会でもてはやされた。
- The imayo (popular style of song during the Heian period), a popular music among common people, which was based on the seven-and-five syllable meter and four phrases and sung by shirabyoshi, female entertainer (who was often a yujo [a prostitute]), was loved by the noble society.
- 別名を『延命十句観音経』(えんめい―)とも言うが、「延命」の二字を付け加えたのは江戸時代の臨済宗中興の祖といわれる白隠である(後述)。
- It is also called 'Enmei Jikku Kannongyo' (Kannon Sutra for Long Life in Ten Statements), and the person who added the two characters 'en mei' is Hakuin, who lived in the Edo Period and is considered to be chuko no so (father of restoration) of the Rinzaishu sect, as described below.
- この論争の間、最澄は『守護国界章』『法華秀句』など大部の著作を執筆しており、これは徳一からの批判への反論の書として書かれたものである。
- During this dispute, Saicho wrote voluminous books such as 'Shugo-kokkai-sho' (An Essay on the Protection of the Nation), 'Hokke-shuku' (The Outstanding Principles of the Lotus Sutra) and so on and they were written for rebuttals to criticism of Tokuitsu.
- 祝日制定にあたり3月3日の案や、年度の4月1日の案も出ていたが、最終的には5月5日の端午の節句を祝日(こどもの日)とする案が採用された。
- Upon the creation of the new holiday, the dates of March 3 and April 1 (the beginning of the fiscal year) were proposed, but in the end, May 5 of the Tango no sekku (literally, the first day of the Horse month) was selected as the holiday (Children's Day).
- そのためには徳目の大意や四書五経の語句を暗誦出来るまでに徹底した反復させる必要があるとして、その考え方を強く反映させた内容となっている。
- For this purpose, he said that they should thoroughly repeat the virtuous phrases of 'Shishogokyo' until they could recite them by heart, which were strongly reflected in the book as his approach to education.
- 『風土記』ではこれらの例を「諺」といっており、枕詞がことわざと同じように、習慣化した、決まり文句という扱いをうけていたことが想像される。
- In 'Fudoki' these instances are called 'kotowaza' (諺, which means a proverb), so it is thought that makurakotoba were treated as habitualized and fixed phrases as well as kotowaza.
- この53の宿場はそれぞれ風光明媚な場所や有名な名所旧跡に設けられている場合も多く、当時浮世絵や和歌・俳句の題材にしばしば取り上げられた。
- Many of the 53 stations are established in places where the scenery is beautiful, or in famous historic spots, and often served as the subjects of ukiyoe or waka/haiku.
- 代わって扁平な小石に経典の字句のうち一文字を書写し、それを多数埋納する一字一石経や、複数文字を書写した多字一石経を納める経塚が流行する。
- Instead, small, flat stones were used as popular media for carrying scriptures, and multiple stones with one letter from scriptures written on them, which were called 'Ichiji isseki kyo' (literally, 'one-letter stone scriptures'), or one stone with multiple letters from scriptures written on it, which was called a 'Taji isseki kyo' (literally, 'multiple-letter stone scriptures'), were buried.
- なお、上記の如く女性天皇とは単に女性の天皇を指す、個々の天皇の性別についての言葉であるが、語句の類似性から女系天皇と混同されることが多い。
- By the way a female emperor simply means female emperor, but sometimes the word, female emperor can be understood as emperor of the female line since it has a similar meaning.
- 中国語本来の「簪」は杜甫の白頭掻けば更に短く、渾べて簪に勝えざらんと欲すの詩句に見られるように男性官人が冠を止めるために使ったものである。
- As seen in Du Fu's poem saying 'as my grey hair is short, it seems to be impossible to use kanzashi even though I bundle it,' the original meaning of the Chinese character '簪' was a tool which male officials used in order to fix their court caps.
- 俳諧連歌もまた江戸後期に至り月並流といわれる形式を重視したものに変化し、明治になり正岡子規の俳諧から俳句への革新によっていったんは廃れた。
- Haikairenga was also changed into the Tsukinami School, which took the form seriously, but during the Meiji period it became outdated in the reform of poetry by Shiki MASAOKA from haikai to haiku.
- さらに後世、初句が「君が代は」となり、さまざまな形で世に流布されるにつれ、歌われる場も多様となり、解釈の状況が変わっていくことは後述する。
- In addition, it will be described below that, in later ages, the first line was changed to 'kimigayoha' and, as the waka was disseminated in society in various forms, situations under which the waka was chanted varied and the situations related to interpretation were changed.
- また、広開土王碑文も、通説に従って読む限り、碑文にある、倭が朝鮮半島に進出して百済や新羅を臣従させ、高句麗と激しく戦っていたこと、とする。
- The Inscription on the Gwanggaeto Stele said that, as far as a reading according to a commonly accepted theory, Wakoku progressed in leading the Japanese militaristic advance into the Korean Peninsula to make Paekche and Silla serve as vassal countries and had a furious battle with Koguryo.
- 字句の修正などが主であり、根本は大宝律令を基本としていたが、その施行は遅れ、757年(天平宝字9年)、藤原仲麻呂主導の下においてであった。
- It was mainly revision of words and clauses and its basis was Taiho Ritsuryo, however its enforcement was delayed until 757, under the leadership of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro.
- 今日では「長者」という語が単独で日常的に用いられることはほとんどないが、「億万長者」、「長者番付」等の成句として日常生活の中に残っている。
- Nowadays, the term 'choja' is rarely used by itself mundanely, but it remains in our daily life as set phrases such as 'Okuman choja' (Billionaire) and 'Choja Banzuke' (the list of biggest tax payers in Japan).
- 本来の百人一首は上記である散らし取りが一般的であるが、この逆さまかるたは読み札(絵札)が取り札になり、下の句札(取り札)が読み札となるもの。
- The Chirashi-tori is a general way for playing Hyakunin Isshu Karuta, unlike that, in the Sakasama Karuta (literally, 'reversed karuta'), the illustrations drawn on the yomi-fuda drawn (sometimes called 'e-fuda') are used as the cards for taking and the tori-fuda written only the shimo-no-ku (sometimes called 'shimo-no-ku-fuda') are used as the cards for reading.
- 日本人形のなかでも、節句人形は伝統的にその手や足、頭(顔)、髪結い、衣裳の仕立てなどそれぞれを専門に製作を受け持つ人形工芸師が分業している。
- Even among Japanese dolls, traditionally the hands and feet, faces, hairdos and costumes of the dolls for the Girls Day and Boy's Day Festivals are each made by a craftsman who specialize in that part of the doll.
- シキミや数珠を持った絵姿、舞台上での当たり役を描き、戒名、行年などを書き添えたもの、辞世の歌句、追善のことばをいれたものなどが一般的であった。
- The picture generally represents the figure holding the objects for the Buddhist service of the dead, such as Shikimi (Japanese star anise) or Juzu (prayer beads), or it depicts the figure in his successful role, while the print is often accentuated by writing his Dharma name, age of death, his death poem, or his memorial words on it.
- - 1684年(貞享元年)に松尾芭蕉が門人の一人である千里の縁(ゆかり)の地、葛城市の竹内で「綿弓や琵琶になぐさむ竹のおく」という句を詠んだ。
- - In 1684, Basho MATSUO wrote a poem that reads, 'The sound of watayumi bow beating cotton is beautiful like that of Japanese lute buoying my spirit' at Takenouchi, Katsuragi City that was associated with one of his pupils Senri.
- 宗祇は、連歌本来の伝統である技巧的な句風に『新古今和歌集』以来の中世の美意識である「長(たけ)高く幽玄にして有心(うしん)なる心」を表現した。
- Sogi expressed the technical skill of the original renga tradition, and the medieval aesthetics of sublimity and truth expressed in the waka poetry anthology 'Shinkokin Wakashu.'
- これを受け三条は「貿易の催進を要する為、彼我共に輸出入税を徴するなし。是通商章程中の要旨なり」(句読及び強調、加筆者)と使節団に訓示している。
- In response to this, Sanjo instructed the envoy 'In order to promote trade, export and import duties will not be imposed on both sides. This is the point of the provision of trade (punctuation and emphasis were improved by a writer).'
- 朝鮮では、高麗の金富軾が作った高句麗・百済・新羅三国の紀伝体正史『三国史記』 (1145年) が最初の正史であり、現存する最古の歴史書である。
- In Korea, the first official history was the biographical annal 'Samguk Sagi' ('History of the Three Kingdoms', completed in 1145), which was created by Busik KIM of the Goryeo dynasty and covered the history of the three kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla; it is also Korea's oldest extant history book of any kind.
- そこに巡礼姿の久吉が現れ、五右衛門の句を詠み上げる: 久吉「石川や浜の真砂は尽きるとも」、五右衛門「や、何と」、久吉「世に盗人の種は尽きまじ」。
- At the end of the fight, Hisayoshi, disguised as a pilgrim, comes to the stage and reads Goemon's poem, 'Dear Ishikawa, even if all of the sands on the beach are gone--', Goemon interrupts, 'whoa, what?', Hisayoshi continues, '--the seeds of thieves wouldn't run out from the world' ('Ishikawa' refers to Goemon and to shingle).
- (和歌における吉備の枕詞には「まかねふく(真金吹く)」という語句があり、これが吉備国の主要産業が製鉄鋳造技術である事の裏付けであったと言われる)
- (The word 'Makanefuku' (blowing steel), as the 'makurakotoba' (an epithet used in waka poetry) to describe Kibi, is said to be evidence of the fact that steel manufacturing was the main industry of Kibi Province.)
- 弘仁13年(822年)最澄の入寂を悲しんだ嵯峨天皇の五言排律(12句60字)の詩で、宸翰と伝えられるが、自筆原本でなく写しであるとする説もある。
- It is a poem in Gogon Hairitsu (twelve phrases consisting of sixty letters) which was created by Emperor Saga to express his mourning for the death of Saicho in 822, and believed to be the Emperor's shinkan and a copied duplicate rather than his handwritten original document.
- 鑾車鼓(7字10行・18句)「□□鑾車」で始まり、全行の冒頭2字が欠けているため6句しか解読されていないが、狩が終わって喜ぶ情景をつづっている。
- Jin-che-gu (18 poems each including 10 lines of seven characters): Starting with 'kou-kou-jin-che', only six poems have been understood because the first two characters of each of all the poems are lost, however, these poems describe the sense of happiness after the hunting.
- 祭の賑やかな様子から、「お祭り騒ぎ」という慣用句が生まれ、何かが賑やかな状態や、喧騒や喧々諤々などの状態になっているのを例えてた態様表現がある。
- A idiom, 'omatsuri sawagi' (festivity), generated from a cheerful atmosphere of festival, is an expression of the states something cheerful, or hustle and bustle, kenkengakugaku (clamorous censure) and so on.
- 詩吟が、その吟詠(吟ずること)の対象とするのは、その歴史的経緯(下記参照)から主として漢詩であるが、和歌や俳句、新体詩を吟ずることも少なくない。
- Because of the historical reason (see below) the object on which shigin recites is chiefly Chinese poetry, but waka, haiku and new-style poetry are often recited.
- 題目(だいもく)とは、日蓮系・法華経系の宗教団体などにおいて勤行の際に用いられる南無妙法蓮華経(なむみょうほうれんげきょう)の文句のことである。
- The Nichiren chant is the words of Namu Myohorenge-kyo, which are recited in the Buddhist religious services held by religious organizations such as Nichiren and the Hoke-kyo Sutra sect.
- これらの曲の多くは、現在の中国でも古典的な軽音楽としての生命を保っている(ただし歌詞の字句や編曲などは、日本の清楽のものとかなり違うことが多い)。
- Most of these songs keep their vitality as classical popular music even in today's China; the words, the style of arrangement and others are, in many cases, quite different from those of Shingaku in Japan.
- 黒羽町で13泊、須賀川市では7泊して仙台藩に入ったが、出発の際に「松島の月まづ心にかかりて」と絶賛した松島では1句も詠まずに1泊して通過している。
- They entered the Sendai Domain after staying in Kurobane Town for 13 nights and Sukagawa City for 7 nights, but they stayed in Matsushima, which he praised highly as 'I am most anxious to see the moon in Matsushima' on departure, for only one night and passed through without composing even one poem.
- 旧大宝律令と新養老律令では、一部(戸令など)に重要な改正もあったものの、全般的に大きな差異はなく、語句や表現、法令不備の修正が主な相違点であった。
- Although there were some important changes (ex. Koryo, family registration) made from the old Taiho Ritsuryo to the new Yoro Ritsuryo, overall there was no significant difference between them, other than the vocabulary, expressions of the words, and some amendments of inadequate laws and ordinances.
- 期待しなかった事柄やものが、幸(予想に反して成長や効果や利益)をもたらす表現として、「化け」や「大化け」があり、「オバケ」の語彙や語句の一つである。
- As an expression of unexpected events or things bringing about good things (unexpected growth, advantage or benefit), there are words such as 'bake' and 'obake,' and they are lexicons and expressions of 'obake.'
- 奈良時代の文書からもこの調理法があったことが推定されているが、戦国時代_(日本)の永正14年(1517年)の記録に「ヒタシ物」という語句が出現する。
- It is estimated that this cookery existed based on documents in the Nara period and the word 'Hitashimono' also appeared in the records in 1517 in the Sengoku period (period of warring states in Japan).
- なぜ蓑なのかは分かっていないが「海に降る 雨や恋しき 浮き身宿」という句をこの地を訪れた時に詠んだといわれていて「雨」の一文と蓑の関連が示唆される。
- The reason why they are referred to as mino tsuka remains unknown, but the word 'rain' in a poem considered to have been written by Basho that reads, 'When rain falling on the sea is getting me soaked, how I long for the warm body of a prostitute' suggests its association with straw raincoats.
- 最初、正式開業は重陽の節句の9月9日 (旧暦)(同、10月11日)を予定していたが、当日は暴風雨だったため延期され、改めて9月12日に正式開業した。
- The official opening was originally scheduled on October 11 (September 9 in old calendar), the day of Chrysanthemum Festival, but postponed because of the storm, and eventually it officially opened on October 14.
- 正徹に師事して冷泉派の歌人として知られる一方、1433年(永享5年)、「北野社万句」の座に列するなど、連歌作者として次第に時代を代表する存在となる。
- While he studied under another Buddhist priest called Shotetsu and was known as a poet of the Reizei School, he gradually became a renga poet of the time by for example attending the 'Kitano-sha manku' (10,000 linked verses event at Kitano-jinja Shrine) in 1433.
- わが亡父の済王は、かたきの高句麗が倭の中国に通じる道を閉じふさぐのを憤り、百万の兵士はこの正義に感激して、まさに大挙して海を渡ろうとしたのであります。
- My deceased father Saio became furious about the obstruction of the road from Wa to China by the enemy Goguryeo, a million soldiers were moved by this justice, and were about to go overseas in a massive force.
- もし皇帝のめぐみをもって、この強敵高句麗の勢いをくじき、よく困難をのりきることができましたならば、父祖の功労への報いをお替えになることはないでしょう。
- If we can unnerve Goguryeo's powerful force and overcome this difficulty with the Emperor's blessing, you will not change the reward for the meritorious deeds of my ancestors.
- 彼が残した偈文に「弥勒菩薩真弥勒、世人は皆な識らず、云々」という句があったことから、実は布袋は弥勒の垂迹、つまり化身なのだという伝聞が広まったという。
- It is said that a rumor saying that Hotei is a Miroku (a bodhisattva) incarnate was spread because he left a Gemon (religious verse) starting with a phrase: 'Although people are not aware, I am Miroku bodhisattva.'
- 5世紀後半の475年、高句麗の南下によって百済は南方へ移動したが、この事件は百済と友好関係にあったヤマト王権(倭国)にも経済的・政治的な影響を与えた。
- During the late fifth century, in 475, Baekje moved further south as Goguryeo advanced southward, and this economically and politically affected the Yamato Kingdom, that had a friendly relationship with Baekje.
- 詞調に合わせて詞が作られるが、詞調ごとに形式が決められており、例えば「憶江南」では、句の字数が3・5・7・7・5、押韻が2・4・5句目と決められている。
- Ci is composed according to each tune that had the different form; for example, in 'Okukonan (Recalling the south of the Chang Jiang River) ' the number of characters in each line is determined as 3,5,7,7, and 5 characters, and the 2nd, 4th, and 5th lines should be rhymed.
- それゆえ義満の許で朝廷が運営される状況を見せられた挙句、康暦2年12月15日 (旧暦)(1380年)に実質上の全面敗北のまま帰座に追い込まれてしまった。
- Therefore, Kofuku-ji Temple was forced to sit back and watch the court managed under Yoshimitsu, and on December 15 (by the lunar calendar), 1380, it was forced to return to Nara with their demands almost completely rejected.
- 同年に建国された唐は628年に国内を統一した後、二代太宗 (唐)・高宗 (唐)の時に高句麗を3度(644年~648年)にわたって攻めたが隋同様失敗した。
- The Tang Dynasty, which was founded in the same year, went on to attack Kyoguryo three times (644 - 648) during the periods ruled by Taiso (Tang) and Gao Zong (Tang) after brining the nation under control in 628, but following the same fate as the Sui Dynasty, they failed.
- 『日本書紀』大化元年七月の条に高句麗や百済の使者に「明神御宇日本天皇」と示したという記事があり、日本における「日本」という国号の最初の使用例となっている。
- An article during July, in 645 of the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) contains an article where `myojin (a gracious deity) Gyou (the reign of the Emperor) Japanese Emperor' was shown to the envoys from Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea) or Kudara (Baekje, Paekche), which was the first case of country name, `Nihon' (Japan), which was used in Japan.
- 「万機公論に決すべし」の語句は、由利と親交のあった坂本竜馬の船中八策(慶応三年六月)に「万機宜しく公議に決すへし」とあり、ここから採られたものとみられる。
- It seems that the phrase '万機公論に決すべし(all matters decided by open discussion)' was adopted from '万機宜しく公議に決すへし (all matters decided by open discussion)' of Senchu hassaku (the basic outline of the new regime) (in 1867) drawn up by Ryoma SAKAMOTO who was a friend of Yuri.
- 6世紀前半即位した百済の聖王(聖王)は、中国南朝梁の武帝から「持節・都督・百済諸軍事・綏東将軍・百済王」に冊封され、当初新羅と結んで高句麗に対抗していた。
- King Sei, who was enthroned in the early part of the sixth century, was conferred 'Jisetsu, Totoku, Military affairs of Baekje, Suito Shogun, Kudarao' (持節・都督・百済諸軍事・綏東将軍・百済王) by Han Wudi of the Liang of Southern Dynasty of China and held out against Koguryo with Silla at first.
- 奈良菩提山正暦寺製『菩提泉』や河内国天野山金剛寺製『あまの』など往時の銘酒、重陽の節句に用いられた菊酒、筑前博多の練酒『ねりぬき』などの製法も記されている。
- A variety of recipes are described including superior sake brands of old times such as 'Bodaisen' brewed by Bodai-san Shoryaku-ji Temple in Nara as well as 'Amano' brewed by Amano-san Kongo-ji Temple in Kawachi Province; and kikuzake (Japanese sake with chrysanthemum blooms) which was used for the Chrysanthemum Festival; and 'Nerinuki,' a nerizake (antique term for shirozake, or white sake) in Hakata, Chikuzen.
- 後の方の修飾語なしの「法の随に」については、文脈上不改常典のことと理解すべきだとする説と、他にも見える常套句で特定の法を指したものではないとする説とがある。
- There two theories of interpretation about the phrase 'based on the spirit of the lay' mentioned in the latter part without any adjectives; one advocates that this should be interpreted as Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten according to the context, and the other argues that this phrase is commonly used in other documents as well and it does not mean a certain specific law.
- 自分の目的や利益のために、他の人やものを利用する・方便にすることを「出汁に使う(出汁にする)」と表現することがあり、食品を用いた慣用句の代表例の一つである。
- In Japanese, when a person uses somebody else or something for his own purpose or interest, this behavior can be described as 'dashi ni suru,' which literally means, 'uses somebody else or something as his (or her) own 'dashi' (soup stock),' but this is also a typical Japanese idiomatic phrase in reference to food.
- しかし、現代では願い事を書く目的で七夕の行事の一環として用いることがほとんどであるが、実は短歌や俳句を詠むための分厚く装飾が施されたものも短冊の一種である。
- Although its main purpose today is to write wishes on as a part of the Tanabata festival (the star festival celebrated on the seventh of July), actually thick and decorated pieces of paper, on which tanka and haiku poems are written, are also a kind of tanzaku.
- 最近では書かれている運勢が「大大吉」や「大大凶」がある寺社もある)の吉凶の語句で書かれ、探し物・待ち人・健康・金運・生活等の個別の運勢が文章で記されている。
- Recently there are temples and shrines at which the fortunes written include 'daidaikichi' (very very good luck) and 'daidaikyo' (very very bad luck)), and they include sentences describing fortunes related to things you are looking for, a person you are waiting for, health, financial fortune and lifestyle or other personal fortunes.
- また、連句としての前後のつながりを含めて作品であること、複数人で続けて句を詠みあうという表現の性格から作り手と受け手が同一空間にいることといった特色がある。
- The characteristics of haikai are that Haikai renga, or renku, is a work that should be treated as connected verses, and moreover, the composers and the audience shared the same room due to the fact that several people have to be involved in completing the verses continuously.
- 江戸期までの百人一首は、読み札には作者名と上の句のみが、取り札には下の句が、崩し字で書かれており、現在のように読み札に一首すべてが記されていることはなかった。
- At present, a whole tanka (thirty-one syllables arranged as 5-7-5-7-7) is written on each yomi-fuda, however, until the end of the Edo period, a poet's name and only ue-no-ku (the first phrase, the second phrase, and the third phrase) was written on each yomi-fuda, and on each tori-fuda, only shimo-no-ku (the forth phrase and the fifth phrase) in hiragana characters of kuzushi-ji (cursive hand) was written.
- 代表作として、句集「那智篭(なちごもり)」、日記「宗長手記」、「宗長日記」があり、ほかに「東路の津登(あづまじのつと)」、「宇津山記」、「宗祇終焉記」がある。
- His representative works are the collection of renga stanzas 'Nachigomori' (Secluded at Nachi); the diaries 'Socho shuki' (The Journal of Socho) and 'Socho nikki' (The Diary of Socho), as well as 'Azumaji no tsuto' (Souvenir of the Eastland), 'Utsunoyama no ki' (Record of Utsunoyama), and 'Sogi shuen ki' (A Record of Sogi's Passing).
- 女王位についた壹与は掖邪狗ら20人に張政の帰還を送らせ、掖邪狗らはそのまま都に向かい男女の生口30人と白珠5000孔、青大句珠2枚、異文の雑錦20匹を貢いだ。
- Toyo sent 20 people, including Yasuku, to serve Chang Cheng in Wei, for which Yasuku brought 30 slaves, 5,000 white pearls, 2 strings of green jadeite, and 20 brocades with exotic patterns.
- 歌合の句と良基の題材の解説及び判詞は、中世・近世を通じて有職故実書としても重んじられて書写・流布されたため、現在知られている物だけで80の伝本が存在している。
- These waka poems, and the subject matter selected by Yoshimoto as well as his hanshi were regarded as the important yusoku-kojitsusho (a book of courtly traditions and etiquette) during the medieval and pre-modern times and many manuscripts, at least 80 of them are known at present, were created and circulated.
- 暑さ寒さも彼岸まで(あつささむさもひがんまで)とは「冬の寒さは春分の頃まで、夏の暑さは秋分の頃までには和らぎ、凌ぎやすくなる」という意味の、日本の慣用句である。
- 'Atsusa Samusa mo Higan made' is a Japanese idiom that means 'The cold of winter lasts until the spring equinox, and the heat of summer calms by the autumnal equinox, and will become easier to bear.'
- 自慢の鉄扇を振り回し、席上に出ていた膳はもとより、店内の食器や什器を悉く叩き割り、挙げ句の果てには廊下の手摺りを外し酒樽に叩きつけて帳場を酒浸しにしてしまった。
- He brandished his vaunted iron-ribbed fan, breaking and smashing all the tableware and fixtures as well as the small dining tables to pieces, and ended up breaking off a handrail in the corridor, slamming it down on the sake cask, and flooding the reception desk with sake.
- 白隠は上記の他いくつかの伝説を採り上げ、偽経といえどもこれだけ霊験があるのだからと、人々に唱えることを推奨し、『延命十句観音経霊験記』をあらわしたため普及した。
- Other than the above, Hakuin also examined several other legends and recommended people to utter this scripture saying that although the scripture is gikyo, it has significant miraculous effects, and as such, with Hakuin's 'Enmei Jikku Kannongyo Reigenki' the scripture became popular.
- この遊びである「雛あそび」が節句としての「雛祭り」へと変わったのは天正年間以降のことであり、この時代から三月の節句の祓に雛祭りを行うようになったと推測されている。
- It was not until the Tensho era that this play 'Hina-asobi' was transformed into 'Hina-matsuri' as an event of the seasonal festival; thus, it is assumed that Hina-matsuri began to be held as purification during the seasonal festival of March from this era.
- また、日本神話ではスサノオが詠った「八雲立つ出雲八重垣妻ごめに八重垣作るその八重垣を」が最初の和歌とされることから、その初めの語句を取って八雲(やくも)ともいう。
- Also, it is called Yakumo, the name of which is based on the first word of the poem Susanoo (a deity in Japanese mythology) composed, and the poem is considered the first Waka in Japanese mythology: 'Clouds (Yakumo), actively upwelling covered the eightfold fence.It makes the eightfold fence to have my new wife stay in the house.Great eightfold fence.'
- 同書によれば、開催日前日の14日夕方に延暦寺の僧侶が下山して会場となる寺院を訪問し、学生ら俗世側の参加者は予め会場に集って詩句や経文を誦しながら僧侶の来訪を待つ。
- According to the same book, the priests of Enryaku-ji Temple came down from the mountain in the evening of the 14th day of the month, a day before the opening day of the Kangakue, to visit the temple in which the Kangakue would take place, and the participants of the common people's side, such as students, gathered at the site in advance, and passed the time by composing poems and reading sutras while waiting for the priests to visit
- 1966年、第1次佐藤第3次改造内閣の坊秀男厚生大臣は、国会において自身の弾劾演説を受けている最中、精神を落ち着かせるために手帳に懸命に十句観音経を写経していた。
- In 1966, Hideo BO, the Minister of Health and Welfare in the third reshuffled cabinet of the first Sato government, was intently copying Jikku Kannongyo in his notebook for a calming effect during his impeachment speech at the Diet.
- お三輪の出は、バタバタの音にのって花道を走ってくるのが現在の演出であるが、中村歌右衛門 (5代目)は道に迷うという浄瑠璃の文句どおりに、ゆっくりと現れる演出であった。
- Today, Omiwa appears on the scene running through the Hanamichi with heavy footsteps, but Utaemon NAKAMURA the fifth appears slowly, in accordance with the Joruri passage, like she had got lost.
- 語句の類似から、単に女子の天皇を指す女性天皇と混同されることも多いが、天皇家の血筋についての「女系天皇」と、天皇個人の性別についての「女性天皇」とは異なる概念である。
- Since the Japanese terms for 'Female-line Emperor' (女系天皇) and 'Female Emperor' (女性天皇) are somewhat similar in wording, the meaning of 'Female-line Emperor' is often confused with that of 'Female Emperor;' given that the term 'Female-line Emperor' is related to imperial bloodline while the term 'Female Emperor' is related to gender, their concepts are quite different.
- 時代が下ると、雪月花は主に雪・月・桜の取り合わせとして理解され、この三種の景物、さらにはそうした景物をめでる風流な態度そのものを示す語句として理解されるようになった。
- Later on, 'setsugetsuka' was recognized primarily as the combination of snow, the moon, and cherry blossoms; 'setsugetsuka' referred to these three objects themselves, or further included the elegant stances themselves when enjoing these objects.
- ここで恩賞が授けられるは、義朝は一族全員を敵にまわしてまで天皇にしたがったのに、あまりにも報いるところがすくないことに再考を求め、信西と論争の挙句にこれを認めさせる。
- Although he receives a reward, he feels that it's too little because he has turned his all relatives into enemies and sided with the Emperor, so he argues with Shinzei to make him reconsider it and succeeds in persuading him.
- 江戸時代の浄瑠璃の一節や柳樽(やなぎだると読み、柳多留とも表記する)という雑俳(巷から集めた俳句)の書籍のなかに「祭り」を男女の性行為の例えとして用いている表現がある。
- There was expressions likening a sexual activity between a man and woman to 'matsuri' in a phrase of Joruri (dramatic narrative chanted to a shamisen accompaniment) and in a book of zappai (playful literature originating from haiku [a Japanese poem in seventeen syllables having a 5-7-5 syllabic form and traditionally containing a reference to the seasons]) (haiku collected in the streets) called yanagidaru (box-shaped, lacquered liquor cask) (written as 柳樽 and also as 柳多留 in Chinese characters) in the Edo period.
- 空海が断った理由は明らかではないが、一般的にはこの『理趣経』の十七清浄句が、男女の性交そのものが成仏への道であるなど間違った解釈がなされるのを懼れたためといわれている。
- Although the reason why Kukai declined remains unknown, it is generally believed that Kukai feared the misinterpretation that Seventeen Pure Phrases in 'Rishu-kyo' taught sexual intercourse led to jobutsu (to become a Buddha).
- 読み札の表面には大和絵ふうの歌人の肖像(これは歌仙絵巻などの意匠によるもの)と作者の名、和歌が記されており、取り札にはすべて仮名 (文字)書きで下の句だけが書かれている。
- On the obverses of the yomi-fuda are written the tanka with the poets' names and portraits; the portraits are drawn in the Yamato-e painting style (a traditional painting style developed since the Heian period) based on the portraits in Kasen Emaki (picture scroll of portraits of outstanding poets); on the obverses of the tori-fuda are written only shimo-no-ku (the forth phrase and the fifth phrase of the five phrases of one tanka) in hiragana character.
- 特に歌舞伎や古典落語では、本来の台詞にあるさして重要ではない語句を、関連性のある現代の「時の人」や「時の話題」に差し替えて、思わず観客をニヤリとさせる場面が時折見られる。
- Especially, in Kabuki and Classical Rakugo (classical comic story-telling), unimportant words in the original lines are sometimes replaced with today's related 'person of the day' or 'topic of the day', and the audience cannot help grinning at such a scene.
- 鎌倉時代ごろから「菖蒲」が「尚武」と同じ読みであること、また菖蒲の葉が剣を形を連想させることなどから、端午は男の子の節句とされ、男の子の成長を祝い健康を祈るようになった。
- Because the word for Japanese iris was pronounced same as the word for martial spirit (both were pronounced 'shobu') and also the shape of leaves of Japanese iris remind people of swords, tango was determined as the sekku for boys and people prayed for the healthy growth of boys.
- …(於焉惜舊辭之誤忤 正先紀之謬錯 以和銅四年九月十八日 詔臣安萬侶 撰録稗田阿禮所誦之勅語舊辭 以獻上者 謹隨詔旨 子細採摭然、上古之時 言意並朴 敷文構句 於字即難)
- A well-known emperor was sorry about Kyuji (a record of stories currently at court) that were incorrect, and attempted to correct pre-existing documents. On September 18, 711, the emperor ordered his subject, Yasumaro to present the Kyuji that was selected and recorded immediately after the emperor settled in Omiya, Kiyohara in Asuka, to the extent that HIEDA no Are could recite, and Yasumaro happily followed the emperor's words, thoroughly picking up Kyuji. However, during the ancient period, the words and meanings were so unsophisticated that it was difficult to describe the content when organizing characters and forming a phrase by using characters from abroad.
- ヤマト王権と朝鮮半島諸国との交易が活発化した背景には、北方の高句麗から圧迫を受けつつあった百済が対抗のために近隣諸国(新羅・加羅諸国)と連携を強めていたことが挙げられる。
- It is thought that trade between Wakoku and the Korean kingdoms increased as Baekje, under pressure from Goguryeo to the north, began strengthening alliances with neighboring kingdoms such as Silla and Gaya.
- 「総讃」の2句に続く前半は、「依教段」と言われ『無量寿経仏説無量寿経』に依って明らかにされている、浄土往生の正因は信心であり、念仏は報恩行であることを説明し讃嘆している。
- The first half, which follows two phrases of 'Sosan,' is called 'Ekyodan' and states that the direct reason to be sent to the Pure Land is by people's faith; and that nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) is Hoongyo (act for repayment of kindness), which is defined based on 'Muryoju-kyo Bussetsu Muryoju-kyo Sutra,' and praises it.
- この話は450年の事跡ということであるが、他に記載する古資料がないため信憑性は乏しく、『仏祖統紀』撰述の時代に『十句観音経』が普及していたということを示唆するのみである。
- Although the above story is said to have taken place in 450, since there are no other surviving ancient documents mentioning the events, it can only be supposed that 'Jikku Kannongyo' was popular during the period in which 'Bussotoki' was compiled.
- 平家物語の題扉には「日本のことばとHistoriaを習ひ知らんと欲するひとのために世話にやはらげたる平家の物語」とあり、伊曽保物語、金句集で一つをなす日本語教育書であった。
- Heike Monogatari (The Tale of the Heike) which had a phrase on its title page saying 'this is a tale of the Heike [the Taira clan] to ease people who want to learn Japanese language and Historia,' and was a book that could be used to learn Japanese language along with Isoho Monogatari (Aesop's Fables [Esopo no Fabulas]) and Kinkushu (collection of good sayings).
- 動と静の対比、時間の推移の描写、擬態語・対句・同音反復の頻繁な使用など、従来の用語を使いながらも、革新的な試みがなされ、二条派の平淡な歌風に馴染んだ人に鮮明な印象を与える。
- Contrasting movement and stillness, describing the passage of time, and with frequent use of gitaigo (mimetic words), parallelism, and sound repetition, even while using the traditional vocabulary, it was a revolutionary effort that makes a vivid impression on anyone more familiar with the flat style of the Nijo faction.
- なお、最高位級の僧侶の身でありながら自ら戦場において殺生を行い、その挙句に戦死したという事実に対して、明雲から受戒を受けた慈円は『愚管抄』において激しくこれを糾弾している。
- Despite the fact that Myoun was a Buddhist monk of the highest level, he took human lives on the battlefield before finally dying in battle himself, and Jien, who received religious precepts from him, was highly critical of this in his work entitled 'Gukansho.'
- 四六駢儷体の4文字を重ねたものだが、すでにこの8文字の修辞技法に両雄の差異は明らかで、空海の文辞は大胆で極めて詩的な麗句であり、最澄のは生真面目で地味、謙抑そのものである。
- Although both sentences were written in repeated four letters of Shiroku Benreitai (a Chinese style of composition with alternating lines of four (shi) and six (roku) characters), there was a great difference between their rhetorical techniques (onomatopoeia) in the eight letters; Kukai wrote poetic and beautiful words in a bold manner, while Saicho wrote serious and plain words in a subdued way.
- 東大寺の修二会の声明のほかに、華厳経の一部や小林一茶、大島蓼太、松尾芭蕉の俳句をテクストに用いたシアターピース(合唱劇)で、委嘱した東京混声合唱団によって同年に初演された。
- It is a theater piece (chorus drama), where, in addition to Shomyo of Todai-ji Temple, a part of Kegon-kyo Sutra or the haiku of Issa KOBAYASHI, Ryota OSHIMA and Basho MATSUO are used as texts, and Tokyo Philharmonic Chorus, which is delegated to play, firstly performed it in the same year.
- さらに民衆向けに掲げられた五榜の掲示(第4札)にも「万国の公法」という字句が登場し、外交は朝廷が担い、条約を遵守するので、庶民は外国人に不法なことをしないようにと命じている。
- Furthermore, there was the word 'bankoku no koho' (same as bankoku koho) on Gobo no keiji (five edict boards) (the fourth board), and the government announced that the Imperial Court would handle foreign diplomacy and told common people not to do something impolite to foreigners.
- ただし、土地の交換などに用いられた相博状などに「謹辞」などの辞の影響を受けたと考えられる語句が用いられているものがあり、辞が全く作成されていなかった訳ではないとみられている。
- But it is believed that zi was actually made, because phrases such as 'kinji,' which are thought to be influenced by zi, are used in letters of sohaku used for exchange of territories.
- 諸蕃氏族は、さらに5分類され、「漢」として163氏、「百済」として104氏、「高麗」(高句麗を指す)として41氏、「新羅」として9氏、「任那」として9氏がそれぞれ挙げられる。
- The clans of Shoban are further divided into five types: 'Han,' which includes 163 clans; 'Kudara,' which includes 104 clans; 'Goryeo' (meaning Goguryeo), which includes 41 clans; 'Silla,' which includes nine clans; and 'Mimana,' which also includes nine clans.
- また『法華文句』1上で、過去現在未来の三世にわたる三益の中から特選して、久遠下種・中間熟・近世脱(今日脱とも)、中間下種・他経熟・法華脱、今世下種・次世熟・未来得脱を説いた。
- He also selected kuon geshu (receiving the seed of Buddhahood from the eternal Buddha), chukan juku (literally, 'ripening in the middle'), kinsei datsu (literally, 'liberation in recent times') (also known as kyo datsu (literally, 'liberation of today')), chukan geshu (literally, 'receiving the seed of Buddhahood in the middle'), takyo juku (literally, 'ripening by another sutra'), hokke datsu (literally, 'liberation by the Lotus Sutra'), konse geshu (literally, 'receiving the seed of Buddhahood in this world'), jise juku (literally, 'ripening in the next world') and mirai tokudatsu (literally, 'attaining enlightenment in the future') from san yaku in three world, that is, the past, present and future, so as to explain them in Hokke mongu (Commentary on the Lotus Sutra).
- 『十句観音経』に関する最古の文献は、中国天台宗の祖師列伝を記録した南宋咸淳四明東湖沙門志磐撰『仏祖統紀』(1269年)で、そこには次のような南北朝時代の記録が載せられている。
- The oldest literature relating to 'Jikku Kannongyo' is 'Bussotoki' which was compiled in 1269 by a shamon (priest) named Chi-p'an (Shiban) in Nantoko under the Southern Sung Dynasty and which is a record of the lives of the founders of the Chinese Tendaishu sect; the literature contains the following record of the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
- ドロッと白濁した濃い蕎麦湯を好む客も多く、サラッと薄い蕎麦湯に文句を言う客もいるため、わざわざゆで湯を煮詰めたり、そば粉や小麦粉を溶かし込んでわざわざ濃い蕎麦湯を作る店もある。
- Since many customers prefer thick cloudy sobayu who complain if sobayu is light and thin, some restaurants actually boil the cooking liquid down or mix buckwheat flour or wheat flour in to make thick sobayu.
- 歌舞伎の人気狂言『雁金五人男』『新薄雪物語』『楼門五三桐』などの有名な場面を「俳句その他の技法」した場面も見られ、それをまったく新しい作品に作り変えた作者黙阿弥の機知に富む傑作。
- Having also had scenes made by providing 'haiku or other techniques' to famous scenes in popular kabuki kyogen plays such as 'Karigane Gonin Otoko' (Five gans of Karigane, the head), 'Shin Usuyuki Monogatari' (The Tale of Usuyuki), 'Sanmon Gosan No Kiri' (The Temple Gate and the Paulownia Crest) and so on, this play was a witty masterpiece by a writer, Mokuami, who changed those into whole new plays.
- 仏教、密教、ヒンドゥー教などのインド文化を起源とするものや五節句や二十四節気など中華文明の風俗習慣を起源に持つ物も存在し、それらが日本古来の神道と渾然一体となっているものもある。
- Some are derived from Indian culture such as Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism and Hinduism, some originates from manners and customs of civilization in China such as five seasonal festivals and Nijushisekki (24 divisions of the old calendar), and in some cases these elements have been blended together with the Japanese traditional Shinto.
- 江戸時代の記録より、琵琶平家琵琶などで好んで語られるのは50句程度であったものと推定されることから、愛好家にとっては、滅多に聴けない句を聴くことのできる、またとない機会となった。
- A record from the Edo period states that such performances provided a golden opportunity for lovers of the tale, because the number of favored phrases most Biwa Hoshi narrated in Heike Biwa was estimated at about 50.
- 一方、吉宗の侍医として仕えていた荻生は「大明律例訳義」が原文を載せていないことに批判的で1723年(享保8年)に明律原文に校訂・句読を施した「官准刊行明律(訓点本明律)」を著した。
- Meanwhile, Ogyu who served as the court physician for Yoshimune, was critical of the fact that 'Daiminritsureiyakugi' did not contain the original text, and in 1723, authored 'Kanjunkankominritsu' (kuntenbonminritsu), which added revisions and punctuation to the original Ming code.
- 梵鐘の日本への渡来については、日本書紀に大伴狭手彦(おおとものさでひこ)が562年、高句麗から日本に持ち帰ったとの記録が残っているが、現存遺品でこの時代にまでさかのぼるものはない。
- Regarding the introduction of Bonsho to Japan, there is a record in Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) stating that OTOMO no Sadehiko brought one back from Goguryeo in 562, but an actual artifact from this time has not been found.
- こけいし梅林・一目万本・芭蕉句碑 「春もやゝけしきとのふ月と梅」と刻まれているが、松尾芭蕉が月ヶ瀬の地に来た事実を実証する資料は存在せず、本当に芭蕉の句であるか否かははっきりしない。
- Kokeishi Bairin/Hitome Manbon (ten thousand trees at a glance)/Basho's Poem Monument: the monument is inscribed with Basho's poem that reads 'I feel spring has finally come to see beautiful moon and plum flowers,' but there is no record of Basho MATSUO visiting Tsukigase and it is also not clear whether or not the poem was truly created by Basho.
- 制度取調参与の福岡孝弟は、この由利五箇条に対して第一条冒頭に「列侯会議を興し」の字句を入れるなどして封建的な方向へ後退させ、表題も会盟に改めたため、列侯会盟の色彩が非常に強くなった。
- Because Seido torishirabe Sanyo (Councilor in charge of examining regulations) Takachika FUKUOKA added words 'setting up a council by feudal lords' at the beginning of the first article of the Yuri gokajo (Five Articles designed by Yuri) and the title was changed to 'kaimei' (pledge of feudal lords), it stepped back to feudalistic direction and the mood of pledge of feudal lords deepened.
- 柏餅にはこのような由来があるが、四国地方などの近畿圏以西では、カシワの木が自生しておらず、元々端午の節句には粽を用いる為、サルトリイバラ科(サンキライ)の葉を代用して作られる事が多い。
- Kashiwamochi has such origin, but oak trees do not grow naturally in Osaka metropolitan district and to the west, such as the Shikoku region, so a leaf of Smilacaceae is mostly used as a substitute since Chimaki (a rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves) has originally been used for the Boy's Festival.
- 一方、581年に建国された隋は中国大陸を統一し楊堅・煬帝の治世に4度の大規模な高句麗遠征を行ったもののいずれも失敗し、これが有力な原因となって弱体化、618年に煬帝が殺害されて滅んだ。
- On the other hand, the Sui Dynasty, which was founded in 581, unified mainland China, but their failure to achieve any results even after conducting four large scale expeditions to Kyoguryo during the reign of Yo Ken (Yang Jian) and Yo-dai (Emperor Yang) served as a major cause of its decline and finally its demise when Yo-dai was assassinated in 618.
- 『無量義経』『仏説盂蘭盆経』『十王信仰』『十句観音経』など、原典がサンスクリット語などのインドの言葉ではなく、中国や朝鮮半島において漢文で成立したものが偽経(疑経)と呼ばれることもある。
- Further, original scriptures such 'Muryo gikyo' (Sutra of Immeasurable Meanings), 「仏説孟蘭盆経」, 'Juo-shinko' (Ten Kings (Ten Judges of Hell) belief), 'Jikku Kannongyo' that were not written in Indian languages such as Sanskrit and were established in Chinese characters in China and Korea are sometimes considered to be forged scriptures.
- 政治制度の改革が進められる一方で、外交面では高向玄理を新羅へ派遣して人質を取る代わりに形骸化していた任那の調を廃止して朝鮮三国(高句麗、百済、新羅)との外交問題を整理して緊張を和らげた。
- While reforms of the political system were carried out, on the diplomatic front, TAKAMUKO no Kuromaro was sent to Silla and, in exchange for a hostage, the tax payment in kind by Minama, which had lost its substance, was abolished to straighten up diplomatic problems with three Korean countries (Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla) and ease the tension.
- 実隆公記には、入選依頼の運動が激しくなり、そうした依頼を一切受け付けないことを申し合わせたこと、選句について猪苗代兼載と宗祇が激しく対立し、実隆が間に入って解決したことなどが記されている。
- According to Sanetaka Koki, people got crazy about putting their poems in a collection and asked him, but he made an arrangement with Sogi to turn down such offers; When Sogi was in conflict with Kensai INAWASHIRO about the selected poems, Sanetaka made peace between them.
- さらに、「入欧」という単語にいたっては、福澤諭吉は(署名著作と無署名論説の全てにおいて)1度も使用したことがなく、したがって「脱亜入欧」という成句も福澤が1度も使用していないことを指摘した。
- As for the word 'Nyu-O' (Entering Europe), he said that Yukichi FUKUZAWA (among all his signed literary work and anonymous editorials) never used it, so the combined word of 'Datsu-A Nyu-O' was never used by Fukuzawa.
- 禅源諸詮集都序(ぜんげんしょせんしゅう とじょ)とは、中国唐代の僧である圭峯宗密が禅の諸家の文句や偈頌を編集した『禅源諸詮集』(佚書)の序文「都序」のことであり、この部分のみが伝存している。
- Zengen Shosenshu Tojo is the preface 'Tojo' of 'Zengen Shosenshu' (lost book), a collection of words and geju (hymns in honor of doctrine, Buddha and bodhisattva) used by various schools of Zen, compiled by Shumitsu KEIHO who was a monk in the Tang Dynasty period in China and only this part remains in existence today.
- 同一の王権が大規模な対外戦争を継続しつつ倭(日本)による朝鮮半島への進出は、366年に百済と同盟してから663年の白村江での唐・新羅との戦いを経て668年の高句麗の滅亡までの303年間である。
- While a war against foreign countries under the same royal throne continued, the ingression by Wa (Japan) to the Korean Peninsula continued 303 years, from the alliance with Kudara in 366 until the destruction of Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea) in 668 through the battle against Tang-Silla at Baekgang in 663.
- 日本では和暦(太陰太陽暦)の3月の節句(上巳)である3月3日 (旧暦)(現在の4月頃)に行われていたが、明治6年(1873年)1月1日の改暦以後は一般的にグレゴリオ暦(新暦)の3月3日に行なう。
- In Japan, Hina-matsuri used to be observed on March 3 on the old calendar (around present-day April) which was on the seasonal festival (the first day of the Snake month) in March, by the Japanese calendar (lunar-solar calendar), but after the reform of the calendar in January 1, 1873, the festival has been generally celebrated on March 3 by the Gregorian calendar (new calendar).
- 『枕草子』には、「ものはづくし」(歌枕などの類聚)、詩歌秀句、日常の観察、個人のことや人々の噂、記録の性質を持つ回想など、彼女が平安の宮廷ですごした間に興味を持ったものすべてがまとめられている。
- In 'The Pillow Book,' she wrote about everything of interest to her during her life in the Imperial Court of the Heian period, and it includes 'Monowazukushi' (listing items like Utamakura (a place famed in poetry)), excellent poems, observations on daily life, comments on people, and reminiscences, so it also seems to be a record, etc.
- 高句麗・新羅・百済の古代王朝、そして高麗の時代にも朝鮮を中心とする独自の天下概念がなかったわけではないが、高麗後期に朱子学が流入すると、名分論の立場から朝鮮中心の天下的世界認識に批判が加えられた。
- There was the notion of the Korea-centered Tenka in the period of old dynasties like Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje as well as in the Goryeo period, but the notion was criticized from the standpoint of meibunron (the theory of justification of titles and social standings) when Neo-Confucianism was introduced in the late Goryeo period.
- 続いて『守護国界章』下巻における三一権実論に対する徳一の反論として『遮異見章』『慧日羽足』が書かれたと思われ、それに対して最澄が『決権実論』で反論、結論の書として『法華秀句』を撰述したと見られる。
- And Tokuitsu wrote 'Shaikensho' and 'Enichiusoku' as a rebuttal to Sanichigonjitsu no soron in the latter volume of 'Shugo-kokkai-sho' and Saicho opposed this in 'Ketsugon jitsuron' and as a conclusion he seems to have written 'Hokke-shuku.'
- 1429年(永享元年)京都六角堂町の豪商小袖屋宗句の援助により本応寺(1433年に本能寺と改称される)は、細川満元の庇護を受けて創建された尼崎本興寺 (尼崎市)とともに八品派の中心的な寺院となった。
- In 1429, through the financial assistance of Sojun KOSODEYA, a wealthy merchant of the Rokkakudo-cho in Kyoto, Honno-ji Temple (本応寺, one character 応 in its name was altered 能 to be 本能寺 in 1433, but pronunciation remained unchanged) came under the patronage of Mitsumoto HOSOKAWA and became one of the central temples of the Happon School, the other being the recently established Amagasaki Honko-ji Temple (in Amagasaki City).
- Honno-ji Temple, which was renamed to Honno-ji with different Chinese characters in 1433, had been founded in 1429 with the support of a wealthy merchant Sojun KOSODEYA in Rokkakudo-cho, and the temple became one of the main temples for the Happon school together with Honko-ji Temple in Amagasaki (Amagasaki City), which was founded under the auspices of Mitsumoto HOSOKAWA.
- 続く東巻は対句の種類と用法を解説し、南巻は文章のあるべき形、またそれを作る際の心構え等を述べ、西巻は韻律上の避けるべき事柄を論じ、そして最終の北巻は対句に関して守らねばならぬ法則のまとめを綴っている。
- The following volume of East explained the kinds and usage of distich, the volume of South mentioned the ideal pattern of sentences and attitude to make, the volume of West discussed the things to be avoided about rhythm, and the last volume of North referred to the summary of the rules to be followed concerning distich.
- 韓国報道などや新羅・百済・任那の勢力圏内で大量に出土(高句麗の旧領では稀)しているヒスイ製勾玉の原産地が糸魚川周辺に比定されている事などを踏まえ、一部地域への倭人の集住を認める論考が相次いで提出された。
- A series of arguments and considerations admitting the collective habitation of Wajin in certain areas within the spheres of influence of Silla, Baekje and Mimana appeared in light of the Korean media reports and the fact that the massive jade magadama found in the area (rare in the former territory of Goguryeo) had been identified as the products of the neighboring area of Itoi-gawa River.
- 智顗は『法華玄義』『法華文句』『摩訶止観』の天台三大部を著して、『法華経』を根本経典とし、五時八教(仏教の理解度の5段階に合わせて記された経典のうち、法華経を到達点とする)の教相判釈(経典成立論)を説く。
- Zhi-yi wrote Tendai-sandai-bu (three major works on the Lotus Sutra, or three major writings of the T'ient'ai school) of 'Hokke gengi' (Essentials of the Lotus Sutra) and 'Hokke Mongu' (Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sutra) and 'Makashikan' (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) and made Hokekyo Sutra Konpon kyoten and taught Kyoso Hanjaku (Formation theory of sacred books) of Buddhist Doctrines known as 'Fivefold Periods and Eight Teachings' (among the Buddhist scriptures which were written according to the five levels of understanding on Buddhism, Hokekyo Sutra was the pinnacle).
- スエヒロの当時の社長が、しゃぶしゃぶを始めたきっかけは『夏場に焼肉が売れないため』の対策であり、冬の料理と思われがちなしゃぶしゃぶだが、実際は夏の料理であり、俳句の季語として使うのであれば、『夏』が正しい。
- The president of Suehiro at the time introduced sukiyaki for the reason that 'it was not possible to sell yakiniku (grilled meat) during summertime,' and shabu-shabu, which is often considered to be a winter dish, is actually a typical summer dish.
- 明治維新によって混乱した国内で歌舞伎や見世物でグロテスクなものが登場し歌川国芳の門人落合芳幾と月岡芳年によって血みどろで無残絵と呼ばれる種類の『英名二十八衆句』や、新聞記事を題材とした錦絵新聞を描いている。
- While in Japan which was domestically disrupted by the Meiji Restoration, grotesque things appeared in Kabuki and other shows, Yoshiiku OCHIAI and Yoshitoshi TSUKIOKA, who were disciples of Kuniyoshi UTAGAWA, drew 'Eimei nijuhachishuku,' which depicted bloody scenes and were called Muzan-e, as well as illustrations for articles in Nishikie-shinbun.
- 端午の節句である旧暦の5月5日 (旧暦)までの梅雨の時期の雨の日に、男児の出世を願って家庭の庭先で飾られた紙・布・不織布などにコイの絵柄を描き、風をはらませてなびかせる吹流しをコイの形に模して作ったのぼり。
- It's a flag made of paper, fabric and nonwoven fabric with a carp design on it, whereby a streamer swings in the wind in the shape of a carp, and it's decorated in the yard to wish for a male child's success on a rainy day during the rainy season until May 5 (old lunar calendar) of the Boys' Festival.
- 更に今日、世界的にもてはやされる日本文化のかなり多くの部分 (俳句、園芸、近世邦楽、文楽、歌舞伎、浮世絵、根付、日本料理、和菓子、陶磁器、漆芸、服飾など)がこの時期に生まれ、あるいは発展、確立したものである。
- In addition, a considerable amount of Japanese culture (the Haiku [a Japanese poem in 17 syllables], horticulture, modern Japanese music, Bunraku [Japanese puppet theater], Kabuki [traditional drama performed by male actors], Ukiyoe [Japanese woodblock prints], Netsuke (miniature carving attached to the end of a cord hanging from a pouch), Japanese cuisine, Japanese-style confectionary, ceramic ware, lacquer art, clothing, etc.), which are extolled world wide, started during this period, or developed for establishment.
- 本来は読み札には上の句しか書いてなかったために、この遊びかたは百人一首を覚えるうえでも、札の取り合いとしても、それなりの意味があったのだが、現在では読み札に一首すべて書いてあるために、本来の意図は見失われている。
- In the past, only ue-no-ku was written on the yomi-fuda so the yomi-te read only ue-no-ku and the tori-te had to remember the matching shimo-no-ku in the instant to complete the tanka, therefore the game was quite meaningful for memorizing tanka and for creating competition; the whole tanka is written on the current yomi-fuda and the yomi-te reads all, therefore the original purpose has been lost.
- 且元は駿府の家康への銘文の選定や大仏開眼供養の導師や日時の報告などを逐次行い上棟は間近であったが、7月29日 (旧暦)、家康は家臣の本多正純を通じて、梵鐘銘文の文中に不吉な語句があるとして、大仏供養を延期させた。
- Katsumoto successively reported the selection of the inscription, the doshi (master priest) of the ceremony to consecrate the Great Buddha, the date and time of the ceremony and so on, however, on July 29 (the old calendar) when the framework was nearly completed, Ieyasu postponed the ceremony, saying through Masazumi HONDA that there were ill-omend phrases in the bonsho inscription.
- 『風信帖』は、『空海灌頂歴名』と並び称せられる空海の書の最高傑作であり、『風信帖』(1通目)、『忽披帖』(2通目)、『忽恵帖』(3通目)の3通を1巻にまとめたもので、その1通目の書き出しの句に因んでこの名がある。
- 'Fushinjo' is considered to be Kukai's masterpiece, the same as 'Kukai Kanjo rekimei' (Register of Participants in Esoteric Consecration Ceremony); an edition of three volumes, 'Fushinjo' (Volume one), 'Kotsuhijo' (Volume two), 'Kotsukeijo' (Volume three), was assembled into one volume, but the name came from their first edition.
- 高麗楽(三韓楽の一つである高麗楽(高句麗の民族音楽)では無く、渤海楽・三韓楽を中心に平安時代に編集された音楽様式)・右方の舞に属するが、渤海 (国)や朝鮮半島が起源なのではなくて高麗楽の様式に則って日本で作られた曲。
- It belongs to Komagaku music (the music form arranged in the Heian period mainly based on the Bohai music and sankangaku [the music of three old Korean countries; Silla, Peakche, and Koguryo], not based on the Komagaku music, one of sankangaku, [Goguryeo folk lore music]) and Uhomai Dance; it was not originated in Bokkai (country) or Korean Peninsula, and it was created in Japan based on the form of Komagaku music.
- また前述の荷前山陵のような大きな変動の余地のある項目がそのままにされていることから、延喜年間に細かい語句の修正が行われた可能性があるものの、現存の『儀式』の原本は貞観年間に編纂された儀式(書)であるとするのが通説である。
- Also, there is a possibility that the petty revision of words was made during the Engi era since changeable items such as Nosaki sanryo mentioned above remain unchanged, but it is commonly believed that the original of the existing 'Gishiki' is the Gishiki (book) that was compiled during the Jogan era.
- 歌詞の出典はしばしば『古今和歌集』(古今和歌集巻七賀歌巻頭歌、題しらず、読人しらず、国歌大観番号343番)とされるが、古今集のテクストにおいては初句を「わが君は」とし、現在採用されているかたちとの完全な一致は見られない。
- It is often said that the origin of the words in Kimigayo is the 'Kokin-Wakashu' (Volume seven of Kokin-Wakashu, gaka (celebration poetry), first waka, title not known, author not known, Kokka Taikan (Comprehensive National Poems - No. 343), but, the first line of the text in Kokinshu is 'Wagakimiha (literally, 'my lord')' which does not coincide completely with the presently adopted form.
- 「盆暮れ(ぼんくれ)」などと時季を指す言葉としての使用や、「盆と正月が一緒に来たよう」という"とても忙しいこと"または"喜ばしいことが重なること"のたとえ(慣用句)としての使用がそれである。
- It is used in expressions such as 'Bonkure (Bon and year-end)', meaning a period of time, and 'it is like Bon and New Year's day have arrived together' to mean a series of very busy or happy events.
- その後の日本では、元寇の時、蒙古・高麗軍が日本を襲ったことを、「蒙古高句麗の鬼が来る」といって怖れたことから、転じて恐ろしいものの代表として子供の躾けなどで、「むくりこくり、鬼が来る」とおどす風習などとなり全国に広がった。
- At the time of Genko, Japanese people were scared by the attacks of the Mongol and Goryeo army, saying, 'moko kokuri no oni ga kuru' (the devils of the Mongol and Goryeo will come), which phrase later came to represent something scary, and thus a tradition spread to the whole country to scare children by saying 'mukuri kokuri, oni ga kuru' to make them behave themselves.
- また柿本人麻呂の時代になると、「天離(あまざか)る 夷(ひな)」というような否定的な意味を持った枕詞(都から遠く離れた異郷の意)もあらわれ、「讃美表現」という元々の枠組みも失われていき、修飾する五音句というふうに移っていく。
- And down to the times when KAKINOMOTO no Hitomaro lived, there appear makurakotoba which have a negative meaning, such as 'Amazakaru Hina' (which means a foreign land that is very far from the capital), and the original framework to be the 'praising expressions' begins to vanish and makurakotoba become five-syllable phrases for modification.
- ただし、原本は万治4年1月15日_(旧暦)(1661年2月14日)の御所火災で焼失し、その後副本を元にして復元され、また公家などの写本もいくつも存在するものの、現存する本によって細かい語句などで違いがある事に留意の必要がある。
- The original book was burnt in the fire at the Imperial Palace on February 14, 1661 but recovered on the basis of a duplicate, and there are also some copies made by the court nobles remaining; however, it should be treated with caution as some of the extant books have several differences in words and phrases.
- 説話集にも受領の実相が描かれており、『今昔物語集』の信濃国守藤原陳忠の説話(「受領は倒るるところに土をつかめ」という文句が知られている)や、『宇治拾遺物語』の藤原利仁の説話(芥川龍之介の『芋粥』の元となった)などの例が挙げられる。
- There were many realistic episodes about the zuryo in collections of tales, such as an episode about FUJIWARA no Nobutada, Shinano no kuni no kami (Governor of Shinano Province) in 'Konjaku Monogatari-shu' (The Tale of Times Now Past), in which a phrase 'a zuryo must grasp even dirt where he falls' is included, and that of FUJIWARA no Toshihito in 'Uji Shui Monogatari' (Collected Tales from Uji), which later inspired Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA to write 'Imogayu'(Sweet-Potato Gruel).
- また彼らは文学史上、古文復興運動の担い手であるが、古文運動家のいわゆる「文」とは「載道」(道を載せる)の道具であり、文章の字面ではなく、そこに込められた道徳的な精神こそが重要であるとして経文の一字一句にこだわる注疏の学をも批判した。
- They were leaders of an old text revival movement in terms of the history of literature, and they criticized the annotation and interpretation learning, that fixated, word for word, on the sacred literature telling religious teachings, claiming that the so-called 'text' for old text activists was a tool for 'loading Tao,' and that it was not the appearance of the sentences, but the moral spirit placed in it that was important.
- 拾遺和歌集(巻3・秋171)にある源順の句を知っていた公家たちが、宮中で行われた月見の宴において白くて丸い餅菓子が出されたのを見て、会話の中で「もなかの月」という言葉が出たことから、そのまま菓子の名前として定着したという由来がある。
- Court nobles who knew the poem by MINAMOTO no Shitago in Shui Wakashu (Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems) (volume 3, autumn 171) uttered a word 'monaka no tsuki' (moon in the middle) in their conversation as they saw white and round rice cake sweets served in a moon-viewing banquet held in the court, and the word 'monaka no tsuki' was used as the name of the sweets.
- (ただし、同時代史料においては類似した句が見られるのみで、主に明治11年(1878年)の『武江年表』や大正3年(1914年)『江戸時代落書類聚』など、明治以降に出典が見られることから、後世に喧伝された歌である可能性も指摘されている。
- (Because major sources of the poem are 'Buko Nenpyo,' or 'Chronology of the Edo Period,' published in 1878, as well as 'Edo Jidai Rakusho Ruiju,' or 'Anonymous Documents of Social and Political Satire of the Edo Period,' published in 1914.) and this satirical poem is not found in contemporary publications, while similar poems do appear, one explanation for this is that the poem was both written and circulated after the fact, as is suggested by its major historical sources being published after the Meiji era.
- 公式令 (律令法)にその書式が定められており、符は初行に○○○(上級の官司)符其×××(下級の官司)の書出に始まり、2行目より事実書(内容の記載)が行われて「符至奉行(符至らば奉行(文書の内容を実施)せよ)」の句が書止として付される。
- The format of fu is established in Kushiki-ryo (law on state documentary forms in the Yoro Code), and according to the format, the first line of fu begins with the opening sentence 'So-and-so (The senior official's name) gives a command to So-and-so (the subordinate official's name),' the second line contains the order and the closing line read, 'Implement upon receipt.'
- 慶長19年(1614年)には4月大仏殿の造営にあたり梵鐘が完成し、南禅寺の禅僧文英清韓に命じて銘文を起草させ落慶供養を行おうとしたところ、7月には梵鐘の銘文について徳川家康より不吉な語句があるとして異議が唱えられ、開眼供養の中止を求めた。
- The bosho (Buddhist temple bell) was completed in Daibutsuden in May 1614, and a rakkei hoyo (a memorial service to celebrate the construction of a temple) was held but was aborted due to an ill-omened word mentioned by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in August concerning the inscription for a Buddhist temple bell drafted by the Zen monk Bunei Seikan of Nanzen-ji Temple.
- 平成10年、稲取温泉旅館協同組合が中心となり観光の目玉として雛のつるし飾りまつりが開催されたが、それ以後から類似した吊るし雛イベントが開催されたり、外部の製作者、節句店、手芸店などによる類似異形のつるし飾りが流通したりするなどの問題が発生。
- In 1998, Inatori Association of Sightseeing held Hina no Tsurushikazari Festival as the main event to promote tourism, and after that they had problems with similar products and events made or held by outside makers, sekku (seasonal turn) goods shops, handicraft shops etc.
- また『大般若波羅蜜多経』(大般若経)では、第二分功德品第三十二に「般若波羅蜜多」(という語句・概念自体)が大明呪(偉大な呪文)であると説かれているが、『般若心経』では、雑密の陀羅尼を付加するために「般若波羅蜜多咒」という語句が挿入されている。
- Additionally, while in the dainibun-Kudokuhon (第二分功德品) No. 32 of 'the Mahaprajnaparamita-sutra (Dai-Hannya-kyo Sutra),' 'Hannya Haramita' (a word or an idea itself) is considered to be the great spell (大明呪), in 'Hannya Shingyo,' the phrase 'Hannya Haramita Shu' is set in to add the litany of Zo-mitsu (Mixed Esoteric Buddhism).
- また、本来の「観音経(妙法蓮華経観世音菩薩普門品第二十五)」は、短い偈文(世尊偈)部分のみでも500字を越える長大な経典であり日常の読経としては長すぎるため、代用として十句観音経を読むことも行われており、鎌田茂雄などの禅僧がそれを薦めている。
- Also, the original 'Kannon-gyo Sutra (Myohorengekyo Kanzeon Bosatsu Fumombon, Chapter 25)' is quite long, in which even the shortest part of the gebun, or the sesonge recitation of verses, exceeds 500 words; accordingly, sometimes Jikku Kannongyo is read as a replacement sutra, as was recommended by Zen monks such as Shigeo KAMATA.
- なお第十二章と十三章の本来の章題は「五行相刑法第十二」、「五行相破法第十三」で、章題に「五行」の字句を含んでいるが、どちらも相生相剋とは無関係に、十二支に特殊な相互関係である「十二支ニ支の相互関係」と「十二支ニ支の相互関係」の説明となっている。
- Although the titles of Chapter 12 and Chapter 13, 'Gogyosokeiho daijuni' and 'Gogyosohaho daijusan' respectively, include the term 'Gogyo, the explanations are related not to Sojo Sokoku (compatibility between the cosmic dual forces) but to 'the mutual relationship between junishi and nishi,' the specific mutual relationship of junishi.
- 福岡は後に回顧して「由利が盛に経綸経綸という文句を口癖のごとく振りまわしていた所であったからそのままにして置いたのである。経綸という字の意味は元は経済とか財政とかを意味していたようであるが、これは説く人々の解釈に任してよいのである」と述べている。
- When Fukuoka looked back that later, he said 'Yuri kept saying the word, keirin at that time, so I just left it. Keirin seemed to mean originally economy and finance, but it can be interpreted by each preacher.'
- なお、一部には現存本『儀式』の中に昌泰年間に統合された兵庫寮の名称が見られることなど、昌泰・延喜年間に初出する語句が登場することから、石塚一石は延喜13年8月29日宣旨を『貞観儀式』の草稿を正式な儀式として編纂することを命じたものとする説を出している。
- In the meantime, Kazushi ISHIZUKA asserts that the imperial decree issued on October 6, 913 was the order for compiling the draft of 'Jogan gishiki' into the official one on the grounds that the terms created during the Shotai and Engi era, such as Hyogoryo (Bureau of Military Storehouses) which was integrated in the Shotai era, are found in the existent book of 'Gishiki.'
- 現在、所依の経典としては、法華三部経・宗祖遺文(『日蓮大聖人御書』)・第2祖日興遺文・第9世日有遺文・第26世日寛遺文を正依としているが、天台宗系統の摩詞止観10巻および弘決・法華玄義10巻および釈籤・法華文句10巻および疏記をも傍依としては認めている。
- Currently, as the basis of scriptures, Hokke Sanbu-kyo Sutra (The Threefold Lotus Sutra), literary remains of the founder ('Nichiren Daishonin Gosho' (Letters of Nichiren)), those of Nikko the second, Nichiu the ninth and Nichikan the twenty sixth are legitimate scriptures, however, 10 volumes of Makashikan (Mahayana Practice of Cessation and Contemplation) and Guketsu (Commentary on Makashikan) of the Tendai Sect, 10 volumes of Hokke Gengi (Essentials of the Lotus Sutra) and Shakusen (Commentary on Hokke Gengi), and 10 volumes of Hokke mongu (Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sutra) and Shoki (Commentary on Hoke-kyo Sutra), are also accepted as minor scriptures.
- これらの歌を講ずる披講所役は、司会にあたる読師(どくじ・1人)、最初に節を付けずに全ての句を読み上げる講師(こうじ・1人)、講師に続いて第1句から節を付けて吟誦する発声(はっせい・1人)、第2句以下を発声に合わせて吟誦する講頌(こうしょう・4人)からなる。
- Hikojoyaku consists of dokuji, koji, hassei and kosho: Dokuji is a chairman; firstly, koji reads out all the poems without a tune; then hassei chants them with a tune; kosho (four people) chant the second poem and the followings with hassei.
- 蘇我入鹿が山背大兄王を滅ぼし権力集中を図ったのは、高句麗における淵蓋蘇文のクーデターを意識しており、乙巳の変は新羅における金ユ信らによる毗曇の内乱鎮圧後の王族中心体制の元での女王推戴と類似していたが故に諸臣に受け入れられやすかったとする吉田孝の見解がある。
- Takashi YOSHIDA's view states that the reason SOGA no Iruka strove for the concentration of authority by destroying Prince Yamashiro no Oe was to do with the coup carried out by Gaisobun EN in Goguryeo, and furthermore; Isshi Incident was easily accepted by the officials since it was similar to the enthronement of the Queen under the Royal Family based on the political structure formed after the suppression of Pidam War done by Yushin KIM in Silla.
- 札数が大多数に上る時は、番号には松竹梅、春夏秋冬、花鳥風月、または一富士、二鷹、三茄子、五節句、七福神、十二支という様に大分類を行い、そのそれぞれに番号を付け、たとえば松の2353番が当せんした時は竹、梅の同番号の札にもいくぶんかの金額を与えることがあった。
- When too many tickets were distributed, numbers were classified into major categories such as shochikubai (pine, bamboo and plum trees), shunkashuto (spring, summer, autumn and winter), kachofugetsu (flower, bird, wind and moon) or Ichi-fuji, ni-taka, san-nasubi (Mt. Fuji, a hawk or an eggplant), five seasonal festivals, the seven gods of good fortune, the 12 signs of the Chinese zodiac etc., and then put numbers on them – for example, if No. 2353 of pine tree won, the same numbers of bamboo and plum trees were also given some amount of prize money.
- 江戸時代では、『卜養狂歌集』に「その頃世にはやる唐人歌とて、のんせんふらんらん露の情なやといふ事を歌ひける」(『松の落葉』には大津追分絵踊に「浮世のんせんふんらんらん」とある)、『毛吹草』に「小歌の中の句に、ふうらいふらいふる妻いとし軒の雪、此句唐人歌歟」とある。
- In the Edo period, 'Bokuyo Kyokashu' (Bokuyo Collection of Comic Tanka) described a song as 'a popular tojinuta singing about のんせんふらんらん露の情なや' (in 'Matsu no ochiba' [a book on Shinto, the history and the language by Takanao FUJII], '浮世のんせんふんらんらん' was compiled as the song for Otsu Oiwake-e odori dance), and also 'Kefukigusa' (a book for haikai including manners and selection of works) described a song as 'a kouta song has a line, ふうらいふらいふる妻いとし軒の雪, from tojinuta.'
- 連歌の作品として『水無瀬三吟百韻』、『湯山三吟百韻』、『葉守千句』があり、句集に『萱草』(わすれぐさ)、『老葉』(わくらば)、『下草』(したくさ)、紀行文に『白河紀行』、『筑紫道記』(つくしみちのき)、連歌論に『吾妻問答』、『浅茅』などがあり、古典の注釈書も多い。
- Among his renga are such works as; 'Minase Sangin Hyakuin' (Three poets at Minase), 'Yuyama Sangin Hyakuin' (Three poets at Yuyama), and 'Hamori senku'; among his collections of renga stanzas are 'Wasuregusa' (The Forgetting-Plant), 'Wakuraba' (Aging Leaves) and 'Shitakusa' (The Grasses Beneath); his travel records include 'Shirakawa kiko' (Journey to Shirakawa) and 'Tsukushi michi no ki' (Record of a Journey to Tsukushi); his treatises on renga poetry include 'Azuma mondo' (East Country Dialogues) and 'Asaji' (Cogon grass), and there are also many commentaries on classic literature.
- 1月より持ち越しの由利公正(越前藩士)が起草した新政府の方針案では、諸侯会議派である土佐藩の福岡孝弟が第一条冒頭に「列侯会議ヲ興シ」の字句を挿入し、表題も「会盟」と改めており、3月の木戸による国是建議の後提出したが、もはやこの時期には列侯会議は必要性を失していた。
- For the draft policy of the new government prepared by Kosei YURI (feudal retainer of Echizen) and had been carried over from January, Takachika FUKUOKA of Tosa Domain who belonged to the lords conference group inserted the phrase 'Establish a council by feudal lords' to the beginning of the Article 1 and amended the title to 'Kaimei (pledge of feudal lords)', and submitted it after Kido's proposal for national policy in March, but the necessity of the council by feudal lords had already been lost by then.
- だが、延べ数十万の兵士を都に集結させて11年にもわたり戦闘が続いたにも関わらず、主だった将が戦死することもなく、ただ惰性的に争いを続けてきた挙句に守護大名たちが獲得を目指していた幕府権力そのものが権威を失墜させてしまい、結果的に獲得するものは何もなかったのである。
- However, in spite of the 11-year duration of the war involving an aggregate of hundreds of thousands of soldiers mobilized into the capital, it was a war continued by inertia, tolling the life of none of major military leaders; moreover, the authority of the Bakufu power itself, which shugo daimyos had been vying for, was already lost, eventually nothing for them to win.
- また、現在でも北海道地方では、下の句かるたというやや特殊な百人一首が行われており、読み札に歌人の絵がなく、上の句は読まれず下の句だけが読まれ、取り札は厚みのある木でできており、表面に古風な崩し字で下の句が書いてあるという、江戸期の面影を残したかるたが用いられている。
- At present, in the Hokkaido region is found the trace of the uta-garuta of the Edo period; it is a unique game called 'Shimo-no-ku Karuta' using the yomi-fuda without the portraits of the poets and the thick wooden tori-fuda on which are written only shimo-no-ku in classical kuzushi-ji, and in that game, the players read only shimo-no-ku.
- これらのことから転じて、慣用句として用いられる「どんでん返し」は、瞬間的な逆転を指す表現として用いられ、観客の側からは意外性のある「どんでん返しで幕になる」ストーリ展開の状態や、小説では「どんでん返しの結末」、「どんでん返しの逆転スリーラン」等々の用いられ方をする。
- Being derived from these, 'donden gaeshi' has become a kind of idiom and is used as an expression for instantaneous reversal, and is applied as 'donden gaeshi de maku-ni-naru' (to finish with a surprise ending) which is a peripeteia coming as a surprise to the audience, as 'donden gaeshi no ketsumatsu' (surprise ending) in novels, as 'donden gaeshi no gyakuten-three-run' (turning defeat into victory with a come-from-behind three-run homer) in a baseball game, and as others.
- その内容は、室町時代の末期の応仁元年(1467年)から文明 (日本)9年(1477年)の10年余りにわたり、都とその周辺で争われ、荒廃させた戦乱を描き、梁の宝誌和尚作と伝えられている『野馬台詩』末六句に予言された「修羅闘諍」の世界を描写する意図があったと考えられる。
- The contents cover a span of more than ten years at the end of the Muromachi period from 1467 to 1477, and describe the wars fought in and around Kyoto that devastated the capital, perhaps with the intention of describing the world of 'pandemonium and fighting' prophesied in the last six lines of the 'Yamatai shi' (Poem on Japan), said be the work of the Liang monk Baozhi.
- これが傘福と桃の節句を結びつける由縁のようになっているが、本来この風習は観音堂に安産や子供の成長を願って地元の神社に納めたものであり、昔から傘の中には魂が宿るといわれ子どもが健やかに育つことを思い、また様々な願いを形にして61種類の細工が吊り下げられているといわれる。
- That's why Kasafuku is associated with the peach Doll Festival, but Kasafukus were originally placed in local shrines to wish for safe deliveries and children's growth to Kannondo temples by hanging 61 kinds ornaments representing various wishes in each umbrella and wishing for healthy growth of children because it had been said that souls are living in it.
- 白酒の製法は、博多地方において古くから造られていた「練酒」が起源であると伝えられており、江戸時代から雛祭りの供物として扱われるようになったのは、平安時代からの風習である上巳(桃の節句)において、室町時代からモモの花を浸した酒を飲んでいたものが変化したと伝えられている。
- It is said that the method of manufacturing shirozake originates in the 'nerizake' brewed in the Hakata region from ancient times and that, from the Edo Period, it came to be used as an offering in the Doll's festival, a custom from the Heian Period, in place of the peach leaves soaked in sake which had been used from the Muromachi Period.
- それが、名例律32条の条文にあった本来無関係の「和与」の語句と結び付けられ、律令法・初期公家法及び明法家学説の集大成である『法曹至要抄』には「和与物不悔返事(和与した物は悔返してはならない)」と記され、公家法における一種の法諺として社会に定着することになったP806。
- This movement was linked to the originally unrelated term, 'wayo,' in the Article 32 of Meirei-ritsu, and then 'Hossoshiyosho' (The Essentials for the Judiciary), a collection of ritsuryo law and primary court noble law as well as theories of lawyers, stated 'what was transferred based on wayo shall not be restored,' which became established in society as a kind of legal maxim of the court noble law P806.
- 蓮の葉商い(蓮の葉商ひ、蓮葉商い)とは、古くから日本各地の朝市や縁日などで、その時々に自生する銀杏、アケビ、椎(しい)などの木の実や五節句、二十四節気の年中行事に必要な季節物をその期日の前に商いしていた者をさす(近年、近代から八百屋や花屋や街商も季節物を売っていた)。
- The term 'trade in lotus leaves' refers to persons who have dealt with ginkgo nuts, akebi or nuts of any beech tree of the genus Castanopsis growing naturally at different times, or with seasonal goods necessary for annual events including the five seasonal festivals and 24 divisions of the old calendar, before the days of such events at morning markets and fairs in various regions of Japan, from the old times (in the later years of the modern period, vegetable shops, flower shops and gaisho (stallholders) sold seasonal goods).
- 『「当時のままの字句」ではないという条件付きで、「直江状」の存在を容認したい』とし、追而書については笠谷和比古も指摘した「後代の偽作挿入の可能性」に留意しつつも、追而書のある直江状が徳川氏周辺から出ていることから、筆写の段階で欠落または意図的に削除された可能性を指摘している。
- He pointed out the possibility that it was missed or intentionally removed during the copying stage because Naoejo with the postscript came out from around the Tokugawa clan, saying that 'I would like to accept the existence of 'Naoejo' with the condition that 'they were not the phrases of that time'' while paying attention to the postscript with 'a possibility that it was forged and inserted in later years', which also pointed out by Kazuhiko KASAYA.
- 家康は教如に肩入れすることとなり、関ヶ原の戦い前夜の諜報活動(これが石田三成方に察知されて、辞世の句を認めるほど危険な目にも遭ったが、織田秀信らの協力や門徒の奮戦もあって無事帰洛を果たしている)を経て1602年、後陽成天皇の勅許を背景にして京都七条の烏丸に真宗本廟を建立した。
- Ieyasu came to support Kyonyo, and after experiencing espionage on the night before the Battle of Sekigahara (it was sensed by the Mitsunari ISHIDA side and was encountered in such a dangerous situation that he had written a farewell poem, but with the help of Hidenobu ODA and others and hard fighting by his followers, he at last returned to Kyoto), he erected Shinshu-honbyo Mausoleum in Karasuma in Shichijo in Kyoto in 1602, with Imperial sanction from the Emperor Goyozei in the background.
- また1191年(建久2年)6月9日条には、一条能保の娘の左大将九条良経との婚姻に際しその衣装が遅れ、その沙汰をした御台所北条政子か頼朝が「御気色不快」になったときに善信(三善康信)が「秀句」を語って怒っていた政子か頼朝は「御入興」でお咎めを回避したなど、総じてエピソードのたぐいによく登場する。
- Zenshin (Yasunobu MIYOSHI) often appears in the episodes as a whole, for example, in the entry dated June 9, 1191, at the marriage between Yoshiyasu ICHIJO and Yoshitsune KUJO, Sadaisho (Minister of the Left), the wedding clothes were late to arrive, and Masako HOJO, Midaidokoro (Shogun's wife) or Yoritomo, who arranged them, was in a 'bad temper,' but Zenshin's 'excellent turn of phrase' made Masako or Yoritomo 'amused' and saved the people from the trouble.
- 現在入手しやすいテキストとしては、『日本古典文学大系』岩波書店(覚一本系・龍谷大学図書館蔵本)、『日本古典文学全集』小学館、『新日本古典文学大系』岩波書店 のち岩波文庫全4巻 同ワイド版、『完訳日本の古典』小学館(覚一本系・高野本)、『日本古典集成』新潮社(仮名百二十句本・国立国会図書館本)などがある。
- The following are the books which are easy to get today: 'Japanese Classic Literature Systematic Edition' published by Iwanami Shoten, Publishers (Kakuichihon version, book collection of Ryokoku University Library), 'Japanese Classic Literature Complete Works' by Shogakukan Inc., 'New Japanese Classic Literature Outline' by Iwanami Shoten (later came out in Iwanami bunko (paperback) of four volumes in total, and the Wide Edition, too), 'Complete Translation of Japanese Classics' by Shogakukan (Takanobon (manuscript owned by Tatsuyuki TAKANO) of Kakuichihon (Kakuichibon (manuscript by Kengyo KAKUICHI) version), 'Japanese Classics Corpus' by Shinchosha (Kana Hyakunijukuhon version, book collection of National Diet Library).
- また俳人の中には『連句をやると俳句が下手になる』と考えている人も少なからずいるのも原因の一つとも考えられる(一句の中に小宇宙を込める俳句に対して、連句は複数の句のつらなりであるが故に、次の句へのつなぎの余地を作るために、あえて一句の中に全てをこめない作り方をする、という特性から、そのように言われるものと推測される)。
- Moreover, quite a few haiku poets believe that 'composing renku will make my haiku worse,' which is also thought to contribute to renku's relative unpopularity (in a haiku, the poet can express his or her own little complete world, whereas in renku--which are sequences of linked verses, after all--each poet must leave conceptual space for additional thoughts to be added on, and thus cannot express any notion of completeness in any one verse; this is thought to be why many haiku poets look down on renku).
- 「疾如風、徐如林、侵掠如火、不動如山」の句は『孫子 (書物)』・軍争篇で軍隊の進退について書いた部分にある「其疾如風、其徐如林、侵掠如火、難知如陰、不動如山、動如雷霆。/其の疾きこと風の如く、其の徐(しず)かなること林の如く、侵し掠めること火の如く、知りがたきこと陰の如く、動かざること山の如し、動くこと雷霆(らいてい)の如し」からの引用。
- The phrase was quoted from a part written about the attack/withdrawal of an army in the battle section in 'Sonshi' (Chinese books about tactics) which says ''as fast as the wind, as quiet as the forest, as daring as fire, as hard to know as dark, as immovable as the mountain, and the movement is like pealing thunder.'
- 更に漢文・古文などを「よきものではあるがそこまでして勉強するものではない」(意訳)として、その意義を否定こそしないが、世間で扱われている程の価値があるものではない、と言って儒学者や朱子学者が言う様な難しい字句のある漢文や古文を学ぶより、まず日常的に利用価値のある、読み書き、計算、基本的な道徳などの「実学」を身につけるべきだと書かれている。
- Fukuzawa also encouraged to acquire certain skills that could be practically used in everyday life, such as reading and writing, calculation, fundamental ethics, rather than learning Chinese and classics that had long been encouraged to learn but were rather abstruse and unpractical, and were good and appropriate only for Confucian or Neo-Confucian scholars, while Fukuzawa never denied the value of those classics, just implying that they were good, but were not the subjects you really had to study diligently.
- 『日本三代実録』元慶8年7月8日条によれば、同年6月7日に光孝天皇から政務の要請された(通常、これを関白の開始とするが、「関白」という言葉自体は宇多天皇が出した仁和3年の詔が初出であって、太政大臣あるいは摂政としての継続の意味であった可能性もある)際に一旦これを辞退した際の基経の返答に「如何、責阿衡、以忍労力疾、役冢宰以侵暑冒寒乎。」という語句を含めている。
- According to the description of July 8, 884 in 'Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku,' when Mototsune was requested on June 7 of the same year by the Emperor Koko to assume state affairs (although this request is generally believed to have been the beginning of his tenure of Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor), it could have been the request to continue to serve as Dajodaijin (grand minister) or Sessho (regent) since the word 'Kanpaku' was used for the first time in the shochoku issued by Emperor Uda in 887), he once declined and used in his reply the phrase of 'I wonder whether I can fulfill Ako's responsibilities even though I work hard regardless of heat and cold.'
- 吉田孝によると、「任那」とは、高句麗・新羅に対抗するために百済・倭国と結んだ任那加羅(金官加羅)を盟主とする小国連合であり、いわゆる地名である伽耶地域とは必ずしも一致しない政治上の概念であり、任那が倭国の軍事力を勢力拡大に利用するために倭国に設置させた軍事を主とする外交機関を後世「任那日本府」と呼んだと主張し、百済に割譲した四県は倭人が移住した地域であったという。
- Takashi YOSHIDA claims that 'Mimana' was a combination of small countries led by Mimana Gaya (Geumgwan Gaya) which cooperated with Baekje and Wa to counter Goguryeo and Silla, and thus a political concept which does not necessarily corresponds to Gaya region, and Mimana, trying to use Wakoku's military power to expand its territory, led Wakoku into establishing a diplomatic institution mainly in charge of military affairs, which was later called 'Mimana Nihon-fu'; the four prefectures of Mimana that Wakoku ceded to Baekje were the area where Wajin had immigrated.
- 光秀がいつ頃から謀反を決意していたかは明らかではないが、亀山城出陣を前にして、愛宕権現での連歌の会で光秀が詠んだ発句、「時は今 天が下知る 五月哉」は、「時(とき)」は源氏の流れをくむ土岐氏の一族である光秀自身を示し、「天が下知る」は、「天(あめ)が下(した)治る(しる)」、すなわち天下を治めることを暗示していると解し、この時点で謀反の決意を固めていたのだとする説もある。
- Although it is not clear since when Mitsuhide made his mind to rebel, there is a view that he made his mind to rebel at the time of the party for renga (linked-verse) in the Atago-gongen Shrine before going to battle from the Kameyama-jo Castle by understanding the first line made by Mitsuhide, 'Tokihaima amegashitashiru satsukikana' (The time is now in May which everybody knows), as 'toki' means Mitsuhide himself, who belonged to the Toki clan which descended from the Minamoto clan and 'amegashitashiru' as 'to govern the area under the heaven,' namely governing the whole country.
- その目的や意義は、豊作の「五穀豊穣」を始め、「大漁追福」、「商売繁盛」、「疫病退散」、「無病息災」、「家内安全」、「安寧長寿」、「夫婦円満」、「子孫繁栄」、「祖先崇拝」、「豊楽万民」、「天下泰平」などを招福祈願、厄除祈念として行われるもの、またはそれらの成就に感謝して行われるもの、節句などの年中行事が発展して行われているもの、偉人の霊を慰めるために行われるものなど様々である。
- The purpose and meaning are diversified because some feasts are held for 'the productiveness of grain' for good harvests, and a prayer for good luck charm and prayer for warding off evil such as 'good catch and memorial service,' 'prosperous trade,' 'an attempt to secure protection from a plague,' 'state of perfect health,' 'safety of one's family,' 'peace and longevity,' 'harmonious marriage,' 'fertility and family prosperity,' 'ancestor worship,' 'abundance and joy to all people,' 'universal peace' and so on, some are held in appreciation for accomplishments of such prayers, some are held as a result of development of annual events such as Sekku and so on, or some are held to console spirits of great people.
- 井上によると、任那日本府とは『日本書紀』が引用する『百済本紀』において見られる呼称であり、6世紀末の百済が高句麗・新羅に対抗するために倭国(ヤマト王権)を懐柔しようとして、『魏志』(『三国志 (歴史書)』)韓伝において朝鮮半島南部の諸国を表していた「倭」と、日本列島の倭人の政権とを結びつけて、ヤマト王権の勢力が早くから朝鮮半島南部に及んでいたかのような印象を与えるに過ぎない。
- According to Inoue, the name of Mimana Nihon-fu can be found in 'History of Baekje,' which is quoted in 'Nihonshoki,' and although the name of 'Wa' (倭) originally meant the various districts in the southern area of the Korean Peninsula as mentioned in the account of Korea in 'Records of Wei' ('Sangokushi' [Three Kingdoms Saga]), Baekje in the end of sixth century used the word as if it was related to the government of wajin (倭人, people of Wakoku) in the Japanese archipelago, trying to win their favor and support in order to compete with Goguryeo and Silla, which unintendedly gives the impression that the power of Yamato sovereignty extended to the southern area of the Korean Peninsula early on.
- これは、2月に太政大臣に就任したばかりである近衛前久が5月に突如辞任していること、本能寺の変後の7月17日_(旧暦)に羽柴秀吉から毛利輝元に宛てられた手紙において、秀吉が信長のことを「大相国」と呼んでいるが、信長に対する太政大臣贈官が宮中で論じられたのは同年10月の事であること、加えてその結果出された贈官の宣命には「重而太政大臣」の語句があり、これを太政大臣の辞令が出されたのが2度目であると解釈して、1度目の辞令を三職推任問題の時に既に太政大臣就任の内諾を信長から得たことにより、非公式な内定が出されていたと解している。
- He thinks that the informal decision of appointing Nobunaga as Daijo daijin had been already made after confirming his informal consent when Haretoyo talked about Sanshoku suinin mondai based on the following facts: Sakihisa KONOE, who assumed Daijo daijin in March (February in old lunar calendar), abruptly resigned in June (May in old lunar calendar); Hideyoshi called Nobunaga 'Daishokoku' (the Grand Minister) in his letter to Terumoto MORI on August 15 (July 17 in old lunar calendar) after the Honnoji Incident, while the formal discussion at court on granting a posthumous title of Daijo daijin to Nobunaga was in October; and the subsequently issued Emperor's order of the posthumous title for Nobunaga contained a word 'choji Dajodaijin' (重而太政大臣) (the Grand Minister again), which Hashimoto believed meant the second appointment of Nobunaga as Daijo daijin.
- 『日本書紀』をはじめ、中国や朝鮮の史書でも朝鮮半島への倭国の進出を示す記事が存在すること、『広開土王碑』に倭が新羅や百済を臣民としたと記されていること、またいくつもの、日本列島独特の墓制である前方後円墳が朝鮮半島で発見され始めたこと、そして新羅・百済・伽耶の勢力圏内で日本産のヒスイ製勾玉が大量に出土(高句麗の旧領では稀)したこと等の史実より、倭国と深い関連を持つ何らかの集団(倭国から派遣された官吏や軍人、倭国に臣従した在地豪族など)が伽耶地域において一定の軍事的影響力および経済的利権を有していたことはほぼ確実視されている。
- It is almost presumed from historical facts that some sort of group deeply related to Wakoku (such as government officials and military men dispatched by Wakoku or local powerful clans who served Wakoku) possessed certain military clout and economic interest in Gaya region (another name of Mimana); Wakoku's advance to the Korean Peninsula is recorded in history books of China and Korea as well as 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan); 'Gwanggaeto Stele' tells that Wakoku subjugated Silla and Baekje; large keyhole-shaped tomb mounds, which are peculiar to the Japanese archipelago, are starting to be discovered in the Korean Peninsula; a massive amount of Japanese jade magadama (comma-shaped beads) have been excavated in the influence area of Silla, Baekje and Gaya (rare in the former territory of Goguryeo).