古: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 古琴
- Kokin (a seven-string zither)
- Guqin
- 大古酒
- Daikoshu (or okoshu; very old sake)
- 古典落語
- Classical Rakugo (classical comic story-telling)
- Koten Rakugo
- 琴古流本曲
- Kinko school honkyoku
- 古今和歌集
- Kokin Wakashu (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry)
- His poem in the Kokinshu
- Kokin Wakashū
- 名古屋めし
- Nagoya-meshi (dishes originated or specially developed in Nagoya)
- 稽古用木刀
- Bokuto for Practice
- 稽古用の的。
- A target for training
- 古典園芸植物
- Classical plants for gardening
- 古典的な製法
- The classic production process
- 完成期の古筆
- Ancient Japanese calligraphy in the complete period
- 発展期の古筆
- Ancient Japanese calligraphy in the developing period
- 日本古来の祭
- Japanese ancient matsuri
- 技・稽古の特徴
- Characteristics of techniques and training
- 技・稽古の形態
- Forms of technique and training
- 灘五郷の古社。
- Old shrine in Nada Gogo
- 名古屋の落語家
- Rakugoka in Nagoya
- 『古事記』・神道
- 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and Shinto
- 名古屋市の料理。
- Miso katsudon is a dish in Nagoya City.
- その他の古典系流派
- Other ancient lineages
- 新刊書店、中古書店
- Bookstores handling new books, and bookstores handling pre-owned books
- 新酒・古酒・秘蔵酒
- Shinshu, koshu and hizoshu
- 古式競馬 (日本)
- Traditional Horse Racing (Japan)
- 古墳時代・飛鳥時代
- Kofun and Asuka periods
- (→“稽古の形態”)
- (-> 'Forms of training')
- 古典的ないろはかるた
- Classical Karuta Cards in Order of 'Iroha' (the Traditional Japanese Syllabary)
- 古儀茶道藪内流とも。
- It is also known as the Yabunouchi Old Tea Ceremony School.
- 名古屋囃子(愛知県)
- Nagoya Bayashi (A Folk Song of Nagoya for the Bon Festival Dance): In Aichi Prefecture
- 古流空手(古伝空手)
- Koryu (old-style) karate (koden karate)
- 上方落語の古い別称。
- 'Karukuchi' is an old name of Kamigata rakugo, traditional Japanese comic storytelling as performed in the Kyoto-Osaka region.
- 奈良豆比古神社の翁舞
- Okinamai of Narazuhiko-jinja Shrine
- 二人一組の形稽古中心。
- It is centered around kata (a form) training in pairs.
- 古琴 (しちげんきん)
- Shichigen-kin
- 大名古屋音頭(愛知県)
- Dai Nagoya Ondo (A Folk Song of Big Nagoya for a Dance): In Aichi Prefecture
- 古代中国から伝来した。
- It was introduced from ancient China.
- 古くは的は弓矢を意味する。
- In ancient times, a target meant Yumiya.
- 大晦日を題材とした古典落語
- Koten Rakugo (classical comic storytelling) on the subject of Omisoka
- 見立絵古典作品のパロディ。
- Mitate-e: Parodies of classical works.
- 兵庫県加古川市の郷土料理。
- It is a local dish from Kakogawa City, Hyogo Prefecture.
- 熟成酒、古酒、秘蔵酒など。
- Jukuseishu, koshu, hizoshu, etc.
- 関戸本古今集系統(律動感)
- Sekidobon Kokinshu lineage (rhythmical)
- 平安時代に生まれた古典芸能。
- This was an ancient form of theater that began in the Heian Period (794 to 1185).
- 古来、酒蔵は川の近くに多い。
- From olden times, a majority of the breweries existed in the vicinity of a river.
- 熱田神宮 (愛知県名古屋市)
- Atsuta-jingu Shrine (Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture)
- 名古屋名物の平らな麺である。
- Kishimen, flat noodles, is a specialty of Nagoya.
- 名古屋名物のうなぎ飯の一種。
- This is a type of unagimeshi that is a specialty of Nagoya.
- 平安朝古筆の分類と三色紙の位置
- Classification of Heian court ancient calligraphy and the position of san-shikishi
- 古くは甲冑などに施されている。
- In ancient times, it was used on armor, helmets and the like.
- 古墳時代以前のものは遺跡も参照。
- For Japanese architecture before the Kofun period (tumulus period), also refer to remains.
- 剣道、弓道、杖道、居合道、古武道
- Kendo (Japanese art of fencing), Kyudo (Japanese art of archery), Jodo (form of martial art using a cane staff), Iaido (art of drawing the Japanese sword), and Kobudo (classical martial arts)
- この流れは特に古石州流ともいう。
- This lineage in particular is called the 'Ko-sekishu-ryu' or Old Sekishu School.
- 成人を祝う儀礼は古くからあった。
- A ceremony celebrating the attainment of manhood has been held since the ancient times.
- 古代尺八 (こだい しゃくはち)
- Kodai-shakuhachi
- 『関戸本古今集』(伝藤原行成筆)
- 'Sekidobon Kokinshu' (attributed to FUJIWARA no Yukinari)
- これらは古典の範疇になっている。
- These are now regarded as classical routines.
- - 3隻(水古都、水都季、千姫)
- 3 boats (Mikoto, Mizuki, Senhime)
- 比較的古く(近世以前)からある娯楽
- Amusement existing comparatively from old times (before the early-modern times)
- 古流柔術に対してでさえそうである。
- Even koryu jujutsu is regarded as the same.
- 別名、ごまめ(鱓、五万米、古女)。
- It is also called Gomame.
- 近年は「古武術」と呼ぶ場合もある。
- Lately, it is sometimes called 'ko bujutsu' (old bujutsu).
- 『曼殊院本古今集』(伝藤原行成筆)
- 'Manju-in Bon Kokin Shu' (attributed to FUJIWARA no Yukinari)
- 弓は古典系のものよりもかなり短い。
- The bow is considerably shorter than those of classical Kokyu.
- 味噌 古代より伝わる基本的調味料。
- Miso: a basic seasoning used form ancient times
- 祭りは古神道に由来するものが多く。
- Many matsuri (祭り) originated from the Ancient Shinto.
- 古くは唐の時代には存在したという。
- The Chinese lion dance is said to have existed as early as in the age of the Tang dynasty.
- - 古くは騎射(うまゆみ)といった。
- It was called Umayumi in ancient times.
- 前二者は古くから混用、誤用があった。
- 琴'(Koto) and '箏'(So) have been intermixed and misused throughout the ages.
- 古くは氷豆腐と表記される事もあった。
- In the old days it was written as kori-dofu (ice-bean curd).
- 龍笛は古くから貴族や武将に好まれた。
- Ryuteki flute was loved by nobles and busho (Japanese military commanders) from ancient times.
- 兵庫県加古川市の「かつめし」に近い。
- They are close to 'katsumeshi' in Kakogawa City, Hyogo Prefecture.
- 次の名古屋駅は三河安城駅とほぼ同じ。
- Moreover, the thickness of the soup broth served at the Station next to Nagoya was almost the same at Mikawa-Anjo Station.
- 埼玉県北部で古くから食べられている。
- Shio-anbin has been eaten for a long time in the northern part of Saitama Prefecture.
- 古くは「三曲合わせ」などとも呼ばれた。
- In the past, sankyoku gassou was also called 'sankyoku awase.'
- 11月上旬:はにわ祭り(芝山町、古墳)
- Early November: Haniwa Matsuri Festival (Shibayama-cho, Kofun period)
- 『古事類苑 武技部』の記録を基にした。
- They are based on the records in 'Kojiruien Bugi-bu' (The Martial Skills Part of The Dictionary of Historical Terms).
- 京都府嵯峨野の地に源を発する古典ぎく。
- They are old chrysanthemums originally from Sagano in Kyoto prefecture.
- 曲水の宴は、古代朝鮮でも盛んであった。
- Kyokusui no en was also popular in ancient Korea.
- 日本でも古くから数え年が使われていた。
- The age by the traditional Japanese system has been used in Japan since old times.
- これが記録されている最古の情報である。
- This is the oldest recorded information on the sauce katsudon.
- 古酒などに多い、やや濃く熟成した色調。
- A little dark and matured color tone which is often seen in koshu
- 完成期の古筆は4つの系統に分けられる。
- Ancient calligraphy of the complete period is divided into four lineages.
- 古くは「大漁追福」の漁業の神であった。
- It used to be the deity of fishery for 'good catch and happiness' in ancient times.
- 古くは材料を竹の棒に筒状に巻いて作った。
- It used to be made by rolling the paste around the bamboo stick in a tubular form.
- 名古屋市同様、具と生地を混ぜてから焼く。
- Like in Nagoya City, the ingredients and the dough are mixed and grilled.
- 桂文我 (4代目)による古典の発掘作業。
- Bunga KATSURA (IV) discovered classical routines.
- 古い刑事用語で(目星)の上略語とされる。
- In the old detective term it is considered as the abbreviation of 'meboshi.'
- 催馬楽(さいばら)とは、古代歌謡の一つ。
- Saibara is a style of ancient music.
- 柔道のような乱取り稽古は通常は行われない。
- Randori (free practice) training, as used in judo, is usually not done.
- 投げ技・関節技が主で打撃技の稽古は少ない。
- It generally consists of throwing techniques and joint-locking techniques, and training in striking techniques is scarce.
- かつては、空手の稽古は上半身裸で行われた。
- Traditionally, practitioners exercised karate in shirtless conditions.
- - 九州では例外的に古くから普及している。
- As an exceptional case, natto has been widespread in Kyushu since the old times.
- 古典に現れる茵はこういった類のものである。
- A shitone described in Japanese classics refers to a cushion of this kind.
- 角には補強材として古い蚊帳の生地をあてた。
- Pieces of old kaya (mosquito net) cloth were used on the corner as a reinforcing material.
- 皇后の料は、古くは赤色や青色の織物が多い。
- The material used for the empress's in ancient times clothing was often a red or blue textile.
- 古いものでは美しい蒔絵が施されたものもある。
- Some old products were decorated with makie.
- また古くは魚の毒を消すものとして重宝された。
- It was also valuable in ancient times for removing fish toxins.
- 諸藩では折掛・堂形と称する物を作り稽古した。
- Some feudal clans built Orikake or Dogata (the facility for Toshiya practice) and trained their own participants there.
- また乾燥品は古くは民間薬としても利用された。
- Additionally, the dried mekabu seaweed was used as a folk medicine in ancient times.
- 古武術には忍術の名残りが見られるものもある。
- Some kobujutsu (old manners of martial art) still have traces of ninjutsu.
- 長崎地方は古く中国大陸との貿易の歴史がある。
- The Nagasaki region historically traded with the Chinese continent in olden times.
- 柳川三味線(京三味線):三味線の最も古い形。
- Yanagawa shamisen (Kyo shamisen): The oldest model of shamisen.
- このように古来より定着している食物といえる。
- Thus it was firmly established in this country from old times.
- 日本の剣術で形稽古に使用するために作られた。
- They have been developed for the kata-geiko (form practice) of Japanese kenjutsu (swordplay).
- 古筆を手軽に鑑賞できるところからこの名で呼ぶ。
- It is called this name as ancient calligraphy is easily appreciated.
- その中には、古くから続いたものも多く含まれる。
- This includes a lot of old-established magazines.
- ほかの13人もそれぞれ古書に徴して復古させた。
- The other 13 sages had also been restored based on the information found in historical documents.
- 古武道と同じく、江戸時代に発展したものが多い。
- Same as the kobudo (classical material arts), many of them were developed in the Edo period.
- ただし、複合型の新古書店ではその限りではない。
- However, that is not the case in new second-hand stores, which combine various types of stores.
- 古い形の醤油団子の形が残されていると考えられる。
- The old recipe of soy sauce dumpling is probably used.
- 奈良県吉野地方で古くから伝わっている番茶である。
- Bancha made in the Yoshino region of Nara Prefecture since ancient times.
- これが賽銭箱が記録に残る日本最古のものとされる。
- This is thought to be the oldest document about Saisenbako in Japan.
- 相撲自体は古くから行われていることは確実である.
- It is certain that sumo itself has taken place since olden days.
- イセエビ類は古くから日本各地で食用とされている。
- Ise ebi have been eaten since ancient times all over Japan.
- 中国の唐や日本では古来は「左」が上の位であった。
- In Japan as well as the Tang Dynasty of China during ancient times, 'left' was considered to be ranked higher.
- 古今亭志ん生 (5代目)(ここんていしんしょう)
- Shinsho KOKONTEI (the fifth)
- 古くから日本の食文化に深い関わりを持つ魚である。
- It is a fish that has been strongly associated with Japanese food culture since the olden days.
- 名古屋市熱田区のあつた蓬莱軒が登録商標している。
- Its trademark is registered by Atsuta Horaiken in Atsuta Ward, Nagoya City.
- また箏曲でも、古典曲の場合過半数が手事物である。
- Also in so (or koto) music, most of them are tegotomono in the case of classic music.
- 技法や稽古法等は大東流合気柔術をほぼ継承している。
- The techniques and training methods used have generally been inherited from Daito-ryu Aiki Jujutsu.
- 古代より赤い色には邪気を祓う力があるとされている。
- Since ancient times, the red color has been believed to have the power to purge evil spirits.
- やがては形稽古自体もあまり行われないものとなった。
- In time, kata geiko itself became rare to be done.
- 相撲において古来相撲節会に土俵なるものはなかった。
- It is said that no dohyo was built for Sumai no sechie (the Imperial ceremony of Sumo wrestling) in ancient times.
- 同県古川農業試験場にて交配、2000年に品種登録。
- Cross-fertilized in the Miyagi Prefecture Furukawa Agricultural Experiment Station (MFAES)
- 古老の中でも圓都は持ちネタ数が飛びぬけて多かった。
- He exceeded the other elders with his innumerable routines.
- 名古屋を中心とする味噌味のおでんによく用いられる。
- This is often used in miso-flavored Oden, which is popular around Nagoya.
- 古くから倉敷市の地で食べられていた郷土料理だった。
- Bukkake-Udon was a local dish in Kurashiki City since long ago.
- 恵方詣り(えほうまいり)は、古来の正月行事の一つ。
- Ehomairi is one of the events of the New Year from ancient times.
- 市や縁日や祭りなどの射的も古くは弓矢で行われていた。
- The target practice in a market, fair, and festival was also performed by Yumiya in olden times.
- 古くから香辛料として使われており、薬用にも使われる。
- Throughout the ages, it has been used as a spice and in medicine.
- 尺八曲の整理を行い、全36曲の琴古流本曲を制定した。
- He collected and arranged shakuhachi pieces, compiling 36 pieces that form the Kinko school honkyoku.
- 語源はカブく(「傾く」の古語)の連用形からとされる。
- The etymology of 'Kabuki' is said to be the continuative form of the archaic Japanese verb 'kabuku,' which is equivalent to the present Japanese word 'katamuku' (lean).
- 名古屋もの(吉沢検校とその系統により作曲された曲群)
- Nagoyamono (a group of musical pieces composed by Kengyo Yoshizawa and those who belonged to his school)
- 中国においては、古くは冬至の際に小豆粥が食せられた。
- In old China azuki-gayu was eaten on the day of winter solstice.
- 日本古来からの私的祭事で、庶民階級の元服に相当した。
- Since the days of yore in Japan, the ritual has been treated as a personal rite and something equivalent to the coming of age ceremony for the common man on the street.
- ここで使われる和紙は古い帳簿などがリサイクルされた。
- For the washi used here, paper from old account books were reused.
- 古式銃団体の性格は、大まかに以下の3種に分類できる。
- The characteristics of ancient gun group can be roughly divided into the following three kinds.
- 風情(ふぜい)は、日本古来より存在する美意識の1つ。
- Fuzei is one of the aesthetic feelings which have existed from ancient times in Japan.
- 吉沢検校はそのあと更に「新古今組」四曲も作っている。
- Yoshizawa Kengyo later composed four more songs of 'Shinkokin-gumi.'
- 江戸時代初期あたりまでは木刀で打稽古が行われていた。
- Until around the early Edo period, bokuto were used in uchi-keiko (hitting practice).
- 日本では、古来より冬至に柚子の湯に入浴する習慣がある。
- In Japan, there is a traditional custom to take a yuzuyu (yuzu-bath) on the winter solstice.
- 古くから愛された楽器で、文芸作品にもしばしば登場する。
- It was a popular instrument since ancient times and often appeared in literary works.
- 今文学のほうでは古文学説の弱点を研究して反駁を行った。
- The Kinbun learning side researched the weaknesses of the Kobun learning theory to rebut.
- 篳篥に使われている素材は乾ききった古くもろい竹である。
- The material used to make a Hichiriki flute is old, dried-up, and fragile bamboo.
- 8月上旬:古代行列@たちばな古里まつり(渋川市、古墳)
- Early August: Kodai (ancient) Gyoretsu@Tachibana Furusato Matsuri Festival (Tachibana hometown festival) (Shibukawa City, Kofun period)
- 近畿地方では古くから北前船によって昆布が多く流通した。
- Thanks to kitamae-bune (cargo ships that sailed the Japan Sea during the Edo period), a large amount of kelp had been in circulation since long ago in the Kinki region.
- 古伝空手や沖縄空手の見直し・再評価も、近年活発である。
- Recently, there has been a growing trend toward the review and reevaluation of koden (old-style) karate and Okinawa karate.
- 古流空手の流派には、湖城流、本部流、心道流などがある。
- The schools of koryu karate include Kojo-ryu, Motobu-ryu, Shindo-ryu and so on.
- 『高野切』の3つの系統と『関戸本古今集』の系統である。
- That is, three 'Koya-gire' lineages and one 'Sekidobon Kokinshu' lineage.
- これに対し、旧態依然の古い芸に安住してファンが離れた。
- In contrast, rakugo was complacent with its age-old tradition and could not keep its fans.
- 古来から日本では、森羅万象に霊魂や命が宿る考えてきた。
- In Japan, it has been believed that spirit and life reside with everything in the universe since ancient times.
- 日本食の中ではそれほど古い歴史をもつ食事形式ではない。
- Among the Japanese dishes, Donburimono is eaten in a style that is relatively new.
- また、古くから桜の花を育てている神社や寺も少なくない。
- There are also a lot of shrines and temples which have grown cherry trees since ancient times.
- 古来縄文時代からその原型がある日本独自の調味料である。
- Miso is an original seasoning of Japan, and its original form dates back to the Jomon period.
- 他の乾燥食品と同様に古くは冬の保存食であったと伝わる。
- It is said that it was stored as winter preserves in ancient times similar to other dried food.
- 古くから村に棲む大蛇退治の伝説に基づいて行われる神事。
- It is a divine rite carried out based on an extermination legend of a large snake which lived in the village from ancient time.
- 日本の剣術では形稽古は専ら木刀を使って稽古をしている。
- In Japanese kenjutsu, kata-geiko is carried out using mainly bokuto.
- 稽古人数が多い一部有名剣術流派のものは市販されている。
- Those used in some famous kenjutsu schools with many practitioners are commercially available.
- 古くは弓矢も狩りの技の向上を目指し、修練が行われてきた。
- In ancient times, Yumiya had been practiced aiming an improvement of hunting skills.
- 元日節会(がんじつのせちえ)は、 古来の正月行事の一つ。
- 'Ganjitsu no sechie' is one of the ancient events for the New Year.
- 日常の稽古形式が形稽古に終始している道場が大多数である。
- The form of daily training in the majority of the dojo is focused entirely on kata training.
- 以上のうち義太夫節を除くものを一括して古浄瑠璃と称する。
- Except for Gidayu-bushi, the above are collectively called 'old Joruri.'
- 古くは、「七夕」を「棚機(たなばた)」や棚幡と表記した。
- In the old days, tanabata (七夕) was written '棚機' or '棚幡,'
- 古くは「みっかん」と読まれたが、最初の音節が短くなった。
- Though characters read 'Mikkan' in olden times, the first syllable was clipped.
- 「詞は古質の体に擬すと雖も、義は幽玄の境に通うに似たり」
- 'The words are similar to those of an old style, but the meanings seem to reach Yugen.'
- 古来神仏に祈願する場合、主として五穀を紙に包み奉納した。
- In praying to Shinto and Buddhist deities, mostly the five main cereals wrapped in paper have been dedicated since ancient times.
- 成り立ちを伺い知ることができる古川柳が、今も残っている。
- The following old senryu poem has survived to tell us about the origin of Dengaku.
- しかし古くから、魏志倭人伝の記述の正確性は疑われてきた。
- On the other hand, the accuracy of 'Gishiwajinden' has been questioned for a long time.
- 古墳時代の日本の衣服については、ほとんどわかっていない。
- Japanese clothes during the Kofun period are mostly unknown.
- 発掘調査の結果、古墳時代の墳墓であることが判明している。
- An excavation revealed that it was a grave in the Kofun period (tumulus period).
- 当日の寄席で働く前座のうち、最も古株を「立前座」と呼ぶ。
- The oldest zenza working at the yose is called 'tatezenza.'
- 名古屋にはイタリアンスパゲティと呼ばれる派生料理がある。
- There is a spin-off of Naporitan called Italian Spaghetti in Nagoya.
- - 古くは射礼(じゃらい)または武射(かちゆみ)といった。
- It was called Jarai or Kachiyumi in ancient times.
- 天之返矢(返し矢)については「矢」の項目『古事記』を参照。
- As to amenokaeshiya, see the section of the 'Kojiki' in the article of 'Arrow.'
- 表面に醤油が塗られているものが、名古屋地方に多くみられる。
- Around Nagoya, soy sauce is often spread on the surface of takoyaki.
- 甲信越、東北、北海道、および高野山での古い作り方とされる。
- It's said to be the old process used in Koshinetsu, Tohoku, Hokkaido and Mt. Koya.
- 弥生時代の遺跡からも発掘されている、日本で最も古い履き物。
- This was found from remains in the Yayoi period, and is the oldest footwear in Japan.
- スポーツ・クラブ、各種運動部会、合宿練習、稽古、試合、道場
- Sports club, various sports clubs, training camp, training, games, and dojos (hall used for martial arts training)
- 古式では寺院で、のちに預人の座敷または庭上で、行なわれた。
- According to ancient tradition, seppuku was committed at a Buddhist temple and later came to be performed at the home or garden of the azukarinin.
- 結局、長男が還俗して9代半古斎として家元を継ぐことになる。
- After all, the eldest son of Kokosai, who had been a Zen priest, returned to secular life to succeed the Matsuo family as the nineth head Hankosai.
- 宴の最中、久米舞、古志舞、五節舞(参考雅楽)等が舞われた。
- During the banquet, the Kumemai Dance, koshi-mai Dance, Gosechi no mai Dance (dances performed as part of the harvest festival) (see gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) for reference), etc. were performed.
- ただし、道場師範の裁量で、稽古に限り黙認される場合もある。
- However, at the discretion of instructors (masters) the practitioners are sometimes allowed to roll up their sleeves, but only during lessons.
- 茵(しとね)とは座ったり寝たりするときの敷物の古風な呼称。
- The term 'shitone' refers to an ancient name of cushions to sit on or lie on.
- この散らし方の巧妙なことは、他の古筆に匹敵するものがない。
- This chirashi-gaki is ingenious and there is no equal in ancient calligraphy.
- 金堂/四天王立像/飛鳥時代/日本最古/山口大口費等作/国宝
- Standing statues of the Four Devas in Kondo Hall: The oldest in Japan, sculpted by YAMAGUCHI no Oguchiatai and others in the Asuka period, designated as a national treasure
- 古くから家紋や織物に見られたもので、梵語の卍を表現した文様
- A pattern that expresses 卍 in Sanskrit, and was widely seen in family crests and on clothes in the past.
- 三宝院/弥勒菩薩坐像/鎌倉時代/快慶作/金泥塗の古例/重文
- A seated statue of Miroku Bosatsu in Sanboin Temple: Sculpted by Kaikei in the Kamakura period, providing an old example where the kindei-nuri (gold painting) is used, designated as an Important Cultural Property
- インドのヒンドゥー教のシヴァ神と日本古来の大国主命の習合。
- It is syncretization of Shiva from Hinduism in India and Okuninushi no Mikoto from ancient Japan.
- また、古書店の同業者市では帯のみを販売している場合もある。
- Obi are sometimes put on the market among the second-hand bookstores.
- 『初瀬川』『山桜』『新雪月花』と共に、「新古今組」の一曲。
- It is a composition of 'Shin kokin-gumi' (New Ancient and Modern Suite) along with 'Hatsusegawa,' Yamazakura' and 'Shin Setsugetsuka.'
- 尺八は当道座外の楽器であるが、古くから胡弓と交流があった。
- Shakuhachi was not an instrument played by the Todo-za members, but it had close ties to kokyu from old days.
- 名古屋市のういろうは米を主とする粉に砂糖を加え、蒸して作る。
- The Uiro in Nagoya City is made by adding sugar to the flour mainly made of rice; and steaming this.
- 材質は古くは唐木が多かったが、現在では象牙製が最高とされる。
- Karaki (imported wood) was mainly used as material in the past, but the product made of ivory is regarded as the best today.
- 古代において四弦系(曲頚琵琶)と五弦系(直頚琵琶)があった。
- In ancient times, there were two types of biwa: the four-stringed type with a neck bent backward (Kyokukei Biwa) and the five-stringed type with a straight neck (Chokukei Biwa).
- また馬融は経学を総合して今古文を折衷する方向性を打ち出した。
- Additionally, Ba Yu (Ma Rong) put forth the idea of arranging a compromise between Kinbun and Kobun through integration of the learning of Keisho.
- 例えば、文楽などの古典芸能では小道具の受け渡しを介錯と呼ぶ。
- In classical entertainment, such as with the Bunraku puppet theater, for example, Kaishaku refers to handing over stage properties
- 江戸時代以降は、京都にある一軒の古い工房のみで作られている。
- In and after the Edo period, such heishi was produced by only one old craft center in Kyoto.
- この時代までに骨格の出来上がった演目が、古典落語に相当する。
- Programs whose framework was made by this time are regarded as Classical rakugo.
- しかし、古典音楽の譜には三弦胡弓の最低音より低い音があった。
- However, in the scores of classical music, there existed sounds lower than the lowest sound that can be produced with a three-stringed Kucho.
- この影響を受けたのが、後輩にあたる名古屋の吉沢検校であった。
- His junior fellow influenced by Mitsuzaki was Yoshizawa Kengyo in Nagoya.
- 明治時代の名古屋市では、「ひつまぶし」という鰻料理が生まれた。
- An eel dish called 'hitsumabushi' was invented in Nagoya City in the Meiji period.
- 琉球の信仰は、仏教の影響が薄く、神道の古来の形態を残している。
- A religion in Ryukyu with a limited influence by Buddhism still has an ancient form of Shinto religion.
- 武器の所持(鉄砲を除く)やその稽古まで禁じるものではなかった。
- As can be seen above, they didn't ban the ownership of weapons (except guns) or the practice of weapons.
- 古代中国では楽器を材料で8種に分類し、これを「八音」と呼んだ。
- In ancient China, musical instruments were classified into eight categories depending on the materials used, and were referred to as 'Hachion,' which means 'eight sounds.'
- 日本最古の駅弁がどこの駅で発売されたのかについては、諸説ある。
- There are various theories as to which station sold the first Ekiben in Japan.
- 書籍の帯と同様、中古での売買時には欠損している事が珍しくない。
- Like obi for books, it is not unusual for them to be lost on the second-hand market.
- また、古くは餅玉を与えたために「年玉」の名前がついたともいう。
- Also it is said that 'Toshidama' is derived from Mochidama (rice cake ball) which was given in ancient times.
- 古くは衣包(ころもつつみ)、平包(ひらつつみ)と呼ばれていた。
- In old times, it was called Koromotsutsumi (a wrapping cloth) or Hiratsutsumi (a wrapping cloth).
- これらの事からも古くから弓矢が信仰の対象と成ってきた事が窺える。
- Therefore, it can be surmised that Yumiya has been worshipped since ancient times.
- 古風な有職模様や琳派模様など高度に様式化された文様を得意とする。
- Highly formalized patterns such as yusoku-moyo (patterns used by scholars in Heian Period) and rinpa-moyo (patterns created by a group of Korin OGATA) are popular.
- 「桜尽し」「こんかい」「古道成寺」「花の宴」などが知られている。
- Sakura zukushi' (Cherry trees for Circle), 'Konkai,' 'Kodojoji' (Kodojo-ji Temple) and 'Hana no en' (Flower Festival) are among the best-known numbers.
- 邪気を追い払う為に、この節分には古くから行事が執り行われている。
- On this setsubun day, various events have been traditionally performed for the purpose of purging noxious vapors.
- 古典落語の演目は、その内容から、落とし噺と人情噺とに大別される。
- Programs of classical rakugo are categorized by their stories into stories with comic endings and sentimental stories.
- 飲食店向けの業務用機器であり、古くは江戸時代から使用されてきた。
- It is a piece of commercial equipment for use in establishments selling alcohol, and has been in use since the Edo period.
- そして文政年間、戯作家の柳亭種彦は古本屋で一冊の古書を発見する。
- And during Bunsei era, Tanehiko RYUTEI, a popular novelist, found an old book in a secondhand book store.
- 古武道の多くは、技術の進歩段階や人格を見て各種の許しを発行した。
- In many of the kobudo schools, a variety of licenses were issued, based upon the judgment of the grade in the progress of techniques and character as a man.
- 日本では日本三大桜がいずれも樹齢千年を超える老古木となっている。
- In Japan three major cherry trees have lived longer than a thousand years.
- - 壬生狂言における代表的演目、日本古劇中の傑作であるとされる。
- The most representative piece in the Mibu Kyogen repertoire is said to be a masterpiece among the ancient Japanese dramas.
- 古代からこの国において不変と考えられる事象を示して呼ぶことが多い。
- This term has been often used as a word indicating phenomena considered to be unchanged in this country since ancient times.
- 寒稽古(かんげいこ)とは、寒の時期に、武道や芸事の修練を行うこと。
- The term Kangeiko means training of martial arts or geigoto (accomplishment) conducted in mid-winter season.
- 古くは、玄米を発芽させ、玄米中の糖化酵素を利用して製造されていた。
- In ancient times it used to be manufactured by using brown rice seedlings and the diastatic enzyme it contains.
- 日本では古代から騎射が行われていたと思われるが、詳細は不明である。
- It is presumed that kisha was practiced from ancient times, however details are unclear.
- 彼らの方法論がやがて実証的な古典学である考証学を生むことになった。
- Their methodology eventually led to the birth of empirical studies on classics, or the study of old documents.
- 同社の商品は、京都市東山区東大路通古門前北の店舗でのみ購入出来る。
- Their products can be bought only at the store at Furumonzen kita, Higashioji-dori Street, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City.
- 古くからの観光地などでは、現在でもかわらけ投げが行える場所がある。
- There are still some places where you can enjoy Kawarake Nage in old tourist sites.
- 全国的に見ても、現存するラーメン店の中ではかなり古い部類に属する。
- It belongs to a considerably old group of existing ramen stores all over the country.
- 稽古は型の稽古が中心で、一つの型の習得に3年を費やしたと言われる。
- The practice of kata was the main activity in lessons, and it is said that it took three years for a pupil to master one kata.
- お好み焼きのソースに味噌を入れるのは、さすが名古屋と驚く人が多い。
- Many people are impressed that miso is put in the okonomiyaki sauce as may be expected in Nagoya.
- 麹菌納豆は古代中国(紀元前2世紀頃)からの遺跡等から出土している。
- Natto produced by koji mold was found in ancient Chinese remains uncovered in or around the second century B.C.
- 線は勁く緩急自在の変化は見事で、古来、散らし書きの絶品といわれる。
- The lines are powerful with impressive changes of pace and have been known as a superb example of chirashi-gaki since ancient times.
- 七福神めぐりは、京都が発祥の地とされ、歴史の古いものとなっている。
- It is said that a custom of visiting shichifukujin started in Kyoto, and it has a long history.
- 専ら古典音楽の演奏に脇役として用いられ、民謡にはあまり登場しない。
- Kucho is exclusively used for supporting performances of classical music, and is not used often for accompanying ballads.
- そのため中古店では帯の有無で買取価格、販売価格が異なる場合が多い。
- Because of that, most of the time, the price of buying and selling changes according to with or without obi in second-hand stores.
- 現存する流派は伝来した古文書などを解読して後世再興したものである。
- The existing schools were revived later by deciphering traditional ancient documents and so on.
- 当時の複雑煩瑣に発達した音楽から、復古的な簡潔美を求めて作られた。
- It was made in search for nostalgic and simple beauty rather than the complicated and difficult music of the day.
- 旧暦八月(今の新暦では七月ごろに相当)に前年に収穫した古米で造る。
- In August of the old lunar calendar (around July in the modern calendar), old rice from the previous year's harvest was brewed.
- 幕末は国学などにより復古主義が台頭し、王朝文化への志向が高まった。
- In the end of Edo period, the reversionism gained power supported by the study of Japanese classical literature and people were oriented to the culture of Imperial Court.
- 極一部の居合術流派(江戸時代以来の流派)は鞘木刀で稽古をしている。
- A very small portion of iai-jutsu schools (those founded since the Edo period) practice with saya bokuto.
- 縄文・弥生の古語はアイヌ語のなかに多く保存されている可能性がある。
- There is a possibility that many archaic terms of the Jomon or Yayoi period have been preserved in the Ainu language.
- 古来「お家芸」(おいえげい)と呼ばれていたものの現代的な表現である。
- Ie No Gei is a contemporary expression for what, from ancient times until relatively recently, was once called 'Oiegei' (the specialty of a school of the performing arts).
- 旧仮名遣いのいろはの五十音に対応したものが、最も古典的で有名である。
- The most classical and famous karuta cards are those corresponding to traditional Japanese syllabary.
- また、明治の名優九代目市川団十郎と五代目尾上菊五郎が古典の型を整備。
- And the ninth 'Danjuro ICHIKAWA' & the fifth 'Kikugoro ONOE,' both great Kabuki actors during the Meiji period, tidied up the classical style of Kabuki acting.
- 熟成によって生じる好ましい香りで、強いものは「古酒香」とも呼ばれる。
- Favorable fragrance generated by maturing and a strong one is also called 'koshuko (flavor of koshu).'
- 泊手の型には、ナイファンチ(古式)、ワンシュー、ローハイなどがある。
- Examples of kata adopted by Tomari-te are naifanchi (ancient-style), wanshu, rohai and so on.
- そもそも直接打撃制ルール自体は寸止めルールよりもはるかに歴史は古い。
- The history of direct-attack rules is far older than that of sundome rules.
- しかし、徳利とセットで使うようになったのはそんなに古いことではない。
- However, there is not a long history in using choko in combination with tokkuri.
- 家庭でも簡単に作れることから、古来民間の健康酒として親しまれてきた。
- Because it can be easily made at home, it has been enjoyed as a popular, healthy liquor since ancient times.
- 「話家」「噺家」「咄家」(はなしか)は、「落語家」の古い表現である。
- Hanashika' (a story teller) is an old expression for a rakugoka.
- 古典的な楽曲だけではなく、独奏、合奏ともに様々な作曲が試みられている。
- Attempts have been made to compose not only classical-style songs but also new songs as well as solos and ensembles.
- 9月第4月曜:櫛まつり(安井金比羅宮(京都市)、古墳~昭和、現代舞妓)
- 4th Monday of September: Kushi Matsuri (Comb Festival) (Yasui Konpira-gu Shrine (Kyoto City), Kofun-Showa periods, modern apprentice geisha)
- フランスのブルターニュ地方では古くからそば粥が庶民の常食とされていた。
- In the French region of Brittany, buckwheat porridge has been a staple food of the common people since ancient times.
- ただし、和様とされるものの多くは純粋な意味での日本古来のものではない。
- In the strict sense of the word, however, many things classified as Wayo are not of Japanese origin.
- 古来、三色紙は古筆中でも最高のものといわれ、和紙の三絶と称されている。
- Since ancient times, the san-shikishi has been known as the 'san-zetsu' (meaning unparalleled in poetry, calligraphy, and painting).
- 従来の中央上部の「蓬莱図」を古式に復し「負文亀」の図にあらためさせた。
- The bakufu had the 'Horaizu' painting in the top center restored to the ancient style, '負文亀.'
- 日本古来より左が上位と扱う文化のため、主食のご飯を左に置くのが正しい。
- Because more importance is placed on the left side rather than on the right side in Japanese culture, it is right to place the main dish, a boiled rice bowl, on the left side.
- が、大学時に落語に転向し、桂米朝 (3代目)に入門、古典落語を修める。
- But he turned to rakugo when he was in college, and became a disciple of Beicho KATSURA (the third), where he learned classical rakugo.
- 長男は金原亭馬生 (10代目)、次男は古今亭志ん朝、孫は女優池波志乃。
- His oldest son is Basho KINGENTEI (the tenth), his second son is Shincho KOKONTEI, and his granddaughter is an actress Shino IKENAMI.
- 古く「一夜酒(ひとよざけ)」と呼ばれたのはこの製法から来たものである。
- Amazake was once called as Hitoyo-zake (literally overnight rice wine) because of this production method.
- 名古屋鉄道八幡新田駅西側にあったが頃に埋め立てられて現在はその形跡ない。
- The ponds used to be in the west side of Yawata Shinden Station of Nagoya Railroad, but the ponds were reclaimed and the trace does not exist now.
- 古来、茶漬けの美しい食べかたは「さらさらと掻き込む」ことだとされている。
- A polite way of eating chazuke is 'pouring into one's mouth smoothly' since olden days.
- 最近ではあまり見られなくなったが、古くは弓矢や吹き矢を使うこともあった。
- Though not so common nowadays, they also used to use bows and arrows or blow guns.
- なお、使い古した水といっても、排尿等汚水をまけば良いというものではない。
- Needless to say, it is not recommended to sprinkle polluted water such as urine.
- 稽古の成果を確認する意味で試合・競技を見据えて稽古する方が熱が入り易い。
- There is more enthusiasm in aiming to win the game or competition in order to see the results of training.
- また、古い肌を剥がし新しい肌に刺激を与えて自然治癒力を高める効果もある。
- They are also effective for enhancing natural healing ability by stimulating new skin while removing old skin.
- 古来中国では、上巳の日に川で身を清め不浄を祓う習慣(上巳の祓)があった。
- In ancient China, people practiced the custom of making ablutions in the river to purify their bodies and expel the unclean on the day of Serpent that took place during the beginning of a month, and this was called Joshi no Harai (literally, purification performed on the earliest day of the Serpent in a month).
- 名古屋市の調味料メーカー、カゴメのお好み焼きソースが使われる比率が高い。
- The usage rate of the seasoning manufacturer in Nagoya City KAGOME CO., LTD's Okonomiyaki Sauce is high.
- 古代には海藻根(まなかし)と呼ばれ、貢物として海苔に次ぎ珍重されていた。
- In ancient times, mekabu seaweed was referred to as manakashi (seaweed roots) being prized as a second-best tribute after nori (dried sheets of laver seaweed).
- 茶道など日本古来の様式にしたがっている場合には一律にこのように呼ばれる。
- If making tea outdoor conforms to a traditional Japanese style like Sado, they are all called Nodate.
- 春に白色や淡紅色から濃紅色の花を咲かせ、日本人に古くから親しまれている。
- Cherry blossoms have attracted Japanese people since ancient times, by the white, rose pink, dark pink petals in the spring.
- また、古くから日本固有の俗信として、鰻と梅干は食いあわせが悪いとされる。
- Furthermore, as an ancient superstition unique to Japan, eating eels and pickled plums is considered a bad combination.
- 幕末の万延、文久頃、名古屋、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家吉沢検校が作曲した。
- It was composed by a blind musician, Kengyo (the highest title of the official ranks within the Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind)) YOSHIZAWA, who was active in Nagoya and Kyoto during the Manen and Bunkyu eras at the end of the Edo Period.
- 唐草文様は古代エジプトで生まれ、シルクロードを渡って日本にもたらされた。
- The origins of the arabesque pattern can be traced back to ancient Egypt, from where it was brought into Japan through the Silk Road.
- また古墳時代の埴輪にも「こと」や「こと」を弾く人物をかたどったものがある。
- Furthermore, the Haniwa (unglazed terracotta cylinders and hollow sculptures arranged on and around the mounded tombs (kofun)) of the Kofun period (tumulus period) include images of 'Koto' or a person playing the 'Koto.'
- 打撃(「当身」)は牽制程度に用いることが多く、打撃中心の稽古は行われない。
- Striking ('atemi' (blow to the body)) is commonly used for the sake of diversion, and therefore training doesn't place any emphasis on striking.
- 試合、稽古を行う際は原則的に鎧として垂れ、胴、面、籠手の剣道具を着用する。
- During matches and training, in principle such kendo implements as Tare (waist protector), Do, Men and Kote (gloves) as Yoroi (armour) are worn.
- – 最中の皮の中に粉末の漉し餡とあられを入れた日本古来のインスタント食品。
- - It is an ancient Japanese fast food consisting of a wafer shell filled with powder of strained bean paste and arare (cubic rice crackers).
- 日本各地では、古くからその土地にあった建材を利用した住宅が建てられてきた。
- Housings have been built using local building materials in various regions in Japan from old times.
- 特に後漢の名物訓詁の学を特徴とする古文学に基づいており、漢学とも呼ばれる。
- Also known as Sinology, it is particularly based on Kobun learning, characterized by learning of the relationship between things and their names, and of old words.
- また、発見の古い温泉ではその利用の歴史もかなり古くから文献に残されている。
- For hot springs that have a long history, the record of their use is also found in old literature.
- 背脂醤油系のラーメンとしては燕三条系ラーメンの方が古いのだが、関連は不明。
- The Tsubame-Sanjo line ramen is older in terms of using a soup made out of soy sauce and backfat, but the relation between them is not known.
- だが、沖縄県周辺では古くから野菜代わりに重宝され、最も一般的な昆布である。
- However, L. longissima has been used frequently instead of vegetables in Okinawa areas since long ago, having become the most popular kelp there.
- なお、この地域は古代豪族息長氏の本拠地であり、金時はその一族であるという。
- The region was the base of the ancient and powerful Okinaga clan and Kintoki was a member of the clan.
- 幕末までには、京阪を中心に東は名古屋、西は中国、九州に至る範囲で行われた。
- By the end of the Edo period it was played mainly in Kyoto and Osaka, as well as in areas ranging from Nagoya in the east and Chugoku and Kyushu in the west.
- 日本に限らず古来から、太陽や祖霊信仰は原始宗教の頃からつきものなのである。
- The sun and ancestor worship have been common elements of faith since ancient times, not only in Japan.
- 後に古流武術とも呼ばれ、近年では古武術という呼び方も使われるようになった。
- Later on, kobudo came to be called koryubujutsu, and also called kobujutsu in recent years.
- 考古学資料としては、埴輪だけが、古墳時代の衣服を知る上での手がかりになる。
- As for archeological materials, only hollow clay figures provide a clue to infer the clothes worn during the Kofun period.
- 元来、鵺とは夜に鳴く鳥のことであり、『古事記』『万葉集』にも名が見られる。
- Originally, Nue indicates birds that sing in the night, and the term appears in 'Kojiki' and 'Manyoshu' as well.
- 名古屋系はもっともよく胡弓の伝承を守っており、吉沢派、寺島派に分けられる。
- The Nagoya line keeps the tradition of Kokyu most faithfully, with two branches of the Yoshizawa school and the Terajima school.
- 茶に関する最古の典籍であり、760年前後に撰述されたものと考えられている。
- Chakyo is the oldest book on tea, and it is thought to have been written around 760.
- 「サ」は箭(矢)の古い読みで矢や釣針を意味し、「チ」は霊と表記し霊威を示す。
- The word 'sa' was an old sound of the Chinese character '箭'(矢) which meant arrow or hook, and the word 'chi' was written as '霊' which showed spiritual power.
- 日本古来の柔術・剣術・杖術などを基に成立した、体術を主とする総合武術である。
- It's a comprehensive martial art centered around taijutsu (a method of using the body for self-defense), based on the ancient Japanese jujutsu (classical Japanese martial art, usually referring to fighting without a weapon), swordplay, Jojutsu (martial art using a cane staff), etc.
- 古くから食べられていたのは、名の由来の通り、熱い白湯や茶をかけたものである。
- Chazuke has been prepared from olden times by pouring hot water or hot tea.
- また楽器改良や作品の開拓だけでなく、古典作品の復刻や教育活動にも力を注いだ。
- Other than the improvement of instrument and the creation of the pieces of music, he also strived for reviving classical pieces and educational activities.
- また、愛知県津島市にはあかだ・くつわと呼ばれる米粉を用いた古い油菓子がある。
- There are fried sweets made of rice flour known as Akada and Kutsuwa that have been in existence since long time ago in Tsushima City, Aichi Prefecture.
- からすみは古くからギリシャ・エジプトに産し、塩漬けにして食膳に上がっていた。
- Karasumi has been produced in Greece and Egypt since long ago, being salted down for consumption.
- 昨今は社会・生活背景などもあって、暦の上での大寒の前後に行われる稽古を指す。
- Under the current social/daily life situation, it refers to the trainings conducted around the time of daikan (one of the twenty-four divisions of four seasons, and the coldest period in winter).
- 篳篥の形は古来から大きさが決まっているので先人の作品が技術向上の参考になる。
- The shape of Hichiriki flute has always been the same since ancient times, so the predecessors' work is a useful reference for improving the technique.
- 神宮司庁発行の『古事類苑』歳時部・七夕によると、延喜式の織女祭を起源とする。
- According to 'Koji-ruien' published by Jingu Shicho (Jingu Administration Office), its origin is Shokujo-sai of the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers).
- 2008年3月、旧店舗(古門前北 東大路通東側)から、現所在地へ店舗を移転。
- In March in 2008, the store premises were relocated from the old premises (Furumonzen kita, East of Higashioji-dori Street) to the present location.
- 京都ではもっとも古いラーメン屋の1つで、京都ラーメンの一大源流とも言われる。
- Shinpuku-saikan is one of the oldest ramen stores in Kyoto, and is considered a progenitor of Kyoto ramen.
- 上方のみならず東京の噺家にも積極的に稽古をつけるなど古典落語の継承に努めた。
- He made an effort to transmit classical routines by teaching young storytellers in both Kamigata and Tokyo.
- 古くは、『古今和歌集』 (905年) 第14巻の詠み人知らずの和歌に現れる。
- She appeared in an anonymous waka (a traditional Japanese poem of 31 syllables) in the 14th volume of the ancient 'Kokin Wakashu' (905).
- 7世紀末から8世紀初めに作られた高松塚古墳の壁画が1972年から研究された。
- From 1972, the study started on the inside wall paintings of the Takamatsuzuka Tomb considered to have been painted from the end of the seventh century to the beginning of the eighth century.
- 水飴 甘味料として古代から用いられ、江戸時代までは最も重要な甘味料であった。
- Starch syrup: Used as a sweetener from ancient times, this was the most important sweetener until the Edo period.
- 以下の歌は大伴家持による(「むなぎ」はウナギの古形。括弧内は国歌大観番号)。
- The following poems are by OTOMO no Yakamochi ('munagi' is the old form of unagi. Kokkataikan (Comprehensive National Poems) number is in parentheses).
- 香典は古くは「奠」の字を用いるのが一般的であったが、奠とは供物の意味である。
- Koden (香典) was originally written as '香奠,' and '奠' is a character used to refer to an offering.
- 一方で古来から続く流派も存在し、現代の弓道と共存しながら古流を守り続けている。
- Meanwhile, some schools from ancient times still exist and are preserving the traditional school while coexisting with modern Kyudo.
- 猫は農作物やカイコを食べるネズミを駆除するため、古くは養蚕の縁起物でもあった。
- Because cats would get rid of mice that feed on agricultural crops and silkworms, a maneki-neko was a lucky charm for sericulture in ancient times.
- 手鑑(てかがみ)とは、厚手の紙で作られた折帖に、古筆の断簡を貼り込んだ作品集。
- 'Tekagami' is a collection of dankan (fragmentary pieces of a writing) written in kohitsu (ancient calligraphy), which are stuck on a folding book made from thick papers.
- かくして古流柔術はまた更に衰退しているが、一方で徐々に復興していく流派もある。
- In this way, koryu jujutsu becomes dinosaurs on the whole, but some schools gradually come back.
- 古墳時代には3mを超す弓も存在し、正倉院には2.4mに及ぶ弓も保存されている。
- There were bows that were longer than 3m during the Kofun period (tumulus period), and Shosoin Treasure House stores a bow that has a length of 2.4m.
- 「うら」は心を指す古語であり、「うらやす」で心中の平穏を表す語であるとされる。
- Ura' is an ancient Japanese word meaning mind or heart; 'urayasu' therefore means supposedly 'peace of mind.'
- 中国古代、周公の時代に始まったとも秦の昭王の時代に始まったとも伝えられている。
- It is said that the custom began in ancient China, during the period of Chou Kung or King Zhao of Qin.
- 伝統行事である七五三や年祝い(古希・喜寿など)も、本来、数え年で行われてきた。
- The traditional events such as Shichigosan Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of young children celebrated when they turn three, five, or seven years old) or Toshiiwai (the celebration for certain ages) (e.g. Koki (the cerebration of a person's seventieth birthday), Kiju (the cerebration of a person's seventy-seventh birthday), etc.) originally used the traditional Japanese age system.
- 和楽器(わがっき)とは、日本で、古来から使われてきた伝統的な楽器のことである。
- Wagakki is a term used to refer to traditional musical instruments that have been used in Japan from ancient times.
- 名古屋市近郊では、トンカツに八丁味噌仕立ての甘いタレをかけるのが一般的である。
- In areas around Nagoya City, tonkatsu is generally served with a special sweet sauce made with haccho miso (bean paste).
- 兵庫県の加古川市では、「かつめし」「かつライス」の名でよく似た郷土料理がある。
- Kakogawa City, Hyogo Prefecture has a local specialty called 'Katsumeshi' or 'Katsuraisu' similar to the domi katsudon.
- 伝統派空手のうち、競技化、スポーツ化を志向せず、古流の空手スタイルを重視する。
- Koryu karate is a form of traditional-style karate, which, without aspiring to tournaments or sport, focuses on old karate styles.
- 初詣が習慣化したのはそれほど古い時代ではなく、明治時代中期のこととされている。
- Hatsumode is considered to have become a common practice not so long ago but during the middle of the Meiji period.
- 練酒(ねりざけ)は日本酒の一種であり、古代酒の原型を最も留めているといわれる。
- Nerizake is a kind of sake (Japanese liquor), and it is said that it reflects the original form of ancient sake.
- その結果、豊後節の伝統は江戸に根付き、それ以前の古浄瑠璃の人気を奪いさってゆく。
- As a result, the tradition of Bungo-bushi took root in Edo and deprived the old Joruri of its popularity.
- 古典的な本曲の吹奏では、このひとつひとつの尺八のもつ個性もその魅力となっている。
- In the performance of classic honkyoku (pieces originally composed and played with the shakuhachi), the unique characteristics of each ko-kan or ji-nashi-kan shakuhachi can be attractive.
- 武道の剣道においても日本剣道形に小太刀の形があるが、一般ではあまり稽古されない。
- In Kendo (Japanese martial art of fencing), Nihon kendo kata (Japanese kendo forms) also includes some kodachi forms, but generally they are not employed in kendo training so often.
- 古来、うちわは木製品、鳥毛や獣毛、蒲葵や芭蕉の葉にはじまり、もっと大型であった。
- Uchiwa fan was originally larger than the current one, which was made of various materials such as wood, feather, fur, leaf of areca nut palm or Japanese banana.
- 古くは節日(せちにち)といい、節日には朝廷において節会と呼ばれる宴会が開かれた。
- In ancient times, Sekku was called 'Sechinichi,' and on the dates of Sechinichi, seasonal court banquets called 'Sechi-e' were held.
- この頃、早稲の穂が実るので、農民の間で初穂を恩人などに贈る風習が古くからあった。
- There had been an old custom of presenting hatsuho (the first crops) to their benefactors around that time when ears of early-ripening rice plants become ripe.
- また吉沢検校は、雅楽の盤渉調からヒントを得て古今調子と呼ばれる調弦法を考案した。
- Getting the idea from Banshikicho of gagaku, Kengyo YOSHIZAWA invented a tuning method called 'kokinchoshi' (ancient tuning method).
- 1980年前後の岐阜県 徳山村、根尾村などで、この古典的な製法が確認されている。
- This classic production process was confirmed in Tokuyama-mura and Neo-mura, Gifu Prefecture, in about 1980.
- ゆえに、古来の豆腐というのは、このように非常に硬い木綿豆腐であったと考えられる。
- Therefore, it's considered that ancient tofu was very hard momendofu, like this.
- 扇面古写経の制作もその流れの延長上にあるが、紙扇を料紙とした点がユニークである。
- The Senmen Koshakyo was created against such a background, but it was unique in that it used paper fans as ryoshi.
- 古くは、『古今和歌集』の真名序において「興或は幽玄に入る」として用いられている。
- It is written 'meanings go to Yugen' in Manajo of 'Kokin wakashu' in ancient time.
- 聖賢32人のうち馬周、房玄齢、杜如晦の3人は土佐家伝来の図にもとづき復古させた。
- Among the 32 sages, Zhou MA, Xuanling FANG and Ruhui DU had been restored based on the Tosa family's ancestral paintings.
- 『古事記』の黄泉比良坂を守る道反之大神の説話もこれと関連性があると言われている。
- The narrative in 'Kojiki' about Chigaeshi no Okami, who protects Yomotsu Hirasaka, is said to have some relation with this derivation.
- 第30条は体系立てた稽古の必要性、そして第31条が神事奉仕に際しての注意である。
- Section 30 is about the necessity of structured practice, and Section 31 is about notices on services for Shinto rituals.
- 堺祭(さかいのまつり)は、古代・中世日本の王都・令制国郡の堺(境)で行われた祭。
- Sakai Festival (Sakai no Matsuri) is a festival that was held at corner points and boundaries in Oto (imperial capital) and Koku-gun in the governing system in the ancient and medieval period of Japan.
- 日本泳法(にほんえいほう)は古式泳法とも呼ばれる、日本古来の泳ぎ方のことである。
- Nihon eiho, also called Koshiki eiho, is a Japanese traditional style of swimming.
- 小学館『新編日本古典文学全集.42』にも、臼田甚五郎校注・訳で『催馬楽』がある。
- Also, there is 'Shinpen Nihon koten bungaku zenshu 4.2' from Shogakukan Inc., includes 'Saibara' translated and noted by Jingoro USUDA.
- このように斬新さと復古志向が様々に混合され、聴きどころのきわめて多い曲といえる。
- The originalities and the revivalistic intentions are mixed in many ways as described above, the song has many interesting points.
- 古くから、日本人は、野山を草地として継続的に利用するために、野焼きを行ってきた。
- Noyaki has been traditionally conducted by Japanese people for the purpose of continued use of hills and fields as grassland.
- これらは、手事がない点が『千鳥の曲』とは違うが、五曲を総称して「古今組」と呼ぶ。
- Although they are different from 'Chidori no Kyoku' for not including an instrumental intermezzo, the five music pieces are collectively referred to as 'Kokin-gumi.'
- 抜刀術、居合道では入門直後の初心者は木刀で稽古し慣れたら直ちに模擬刀で稽古する。
- In batto-jutsu and iaido (both of which concern the art of drawing and handling nihonto), the beginners who have recently started studying practice with bokuto switch to mogito (imitation swords) once they become familiar with the forms.
- 通し矢のことで、古くは吉凶を占う行為(諸説存在)であり、武芸としては弓術とされる。
- It means toshiya and a kind of Kyujutsu as a martial art, performed to tell someone's fortunein ancient times (upon which there are various theories).
- 古くは大弓(おおゆみ)ともいった{中国の大弓(たいきゅう)とは意味も構造も違う}。
- In ancient times it was also called Oyumi (different from Taikyu of China in the sense of meaning and structure).
- また的は古くは「いくは」と読み、弓矢そのものであり、「射交わ」が語源となっている。
- In addition, the term '的' (target) was pronounced as 'ikuha' in ancient word and referred to Yumiya itself, which comes from the word '射交わ' (ikuwa).
- 古くは『土佐日記』や『枕草子』などにも、小正月に小豆粥を食べたことが記されている。
- It is recorded in writings such as 'Tosa Nikki' (Tosa Diary) and 'Makura no Soshi' (The Pillow Book) that azukigayu was eaten on Koshogatsu in bygone days.
- この稽古のときは、受けは本気でこらえることはせず、むしろかけられやすいように動く。
- In this training, the uke doesn't seriously respond but instead moves in such a way that he/she is more easily attacked.
- 現在は祭りや誕生祝いなど吉事に赤飯を炊くが、古くは凶事に食べていた(→ハレとケ)。
- Although sekihan rice is now prepared for fortunate events, in the old days it was eaten in unfortunate incidents (=>'Hare and Ke' (the dichotomy of sacred and profane)).
- 琴古流は、江戸時代に初代黒沢琴古(1710年 - 1771年)によって創始された。
- The Kinko school is a lineage that was founded by Kinko KUROSAWA the first (1710 - 1771), during the Edo period.
- 日本でその具体的な形状を知る最も早い例は、弥生、古墳時代より出土する木製品である。
- Wooden products excavated from the remains of the Yayoi period and the Kofun period (tumulus period) show the detailed shape of the oldest Uchiwa fan existing in Japan.
- 古式ゆかしい神事から、七夕の夜をろうそくの灯火で彩るイベントまで多様な内容である。
- Varieties of events are held from traditional shinto rituals to the event of coloring the night of tanabata by lighting candles.
- 西国では宋銭など唐北宋時代の古銭が好まれ、16世紀に入るまであまり流通しなかった。
- In Western Japan, people preferred using the old coins from the Tang and Northern Sung dynasties such as the Sung currency, and Eiraku-tsuho was not circulated very much until the 16th Century.
- また家臣に金森宗和から伝授を受けさせ、一尾流や古市流も研究して独自の茶風に達した。
- Shigenobu also made his retainers learn the tea ceremony from Sowa KANAMORI, and arrived at his own tea ceremony style studying Ichio school and Furuichi school.
- 古くは寛永20年(1643年)刊行の料理書『料理物語』に「杉やき」が登場している。
- An old book published in 1643, titled 'Ryori-monogatari' (a story of cooking) refers to a dish named 'sugiyaki.'
- 古くは一盃になみなみと酒を満たし、酒席をぐるりとひと回りするのが「一献」であった。
- In ancient times, '1 kon' meant to fill a sake cup full with sake and the sake cup was passed around to all members of the drinking party.
- 多くの三味線音楽の中でも、最も古くまで遡ることができ、多くの三味線音楽の祖である。
- It has the longest history even among the many shamisen musical numbers that exist, and it is the origin of many shamisen musical compositions.
- 古典落語については、柳家小さん (3代目)らによって多くのネタが東京に移植された。
- Kosan YANAGIYA (III) and others transplanted many of the classical Kamigata routines to Tokyo.
- 古くから多くの流派で独自の袋竹刀(ひきはだ撓)や籠手を使用した稽古は行われていた。
- Training using fukuro shinai (hikihada shinai) and kote (protector for the forearm) were adopted by schools from long ago.
- 現在も続く各種古武道は、古式の形態を守りつつも時代に合わせて変化している例も多い。
- Various kobudo have been surviving till now, and many are not only observing their ancient styles, but also changing their styles to follow the current of the times.
- これは古代からの調理法と区別するために現在と同じ調理法の事を大かばやきと名乗った。
- The name o-kabayaki was used for the kabayaki prepared with the present-day cooking method so as to distinguish it from the ones made with the old cooking method that existed since the ancient times.
- また居合術併伝ではない流派などで鍛錬用木刀で日本刀も取り扱いできるように稽古する。
- And training bokuto are used to practice how to handle nihonto in schools that do not give additional instruction in iai-jutsu (sword-drawing techniques).
- 家元の起源は古く、実質的には平安時代にすでに「歌仙正統」の御子左家が登場している。
- The origin of Iemoto goes back to ancient times, and in the Heian period the title 'Kasenseito' (legitimate great poets) of the Mikohidari family was already introduced.
- 試合がないため過剰な稽古をする必要が無く、年齢体力に応じて自然に足腰の鍛練ができる。
- Because matches aren't held, there is no need for excessive training, and the discipline of the legs and loins can be done naturally depending on one's age and strength.
- 江戸時代に虚無僧が吹いた本曲は、琴古流本曲をふくめ、150曲あまりが伝承されている。
- With respect to honkyoku played by the komuso (mendicant Fuke sect priest) during the Edo period, which included those in the repertoire of the Kinko school, there are more than 150 pieces known to have been transmitted at present.
- 古くから中国南部、および東南アジアにおいて用いられている食品で長期保存に向いている。
- Surume has been used sice a long time ago in a southern part of China as well as in Southeast Asia while having a long shelf life.
- 古くは麻、棕櫚、稲藁、竹の皮、蔓、革などを用い、多くの場合これを布で覆って仕上げた。
- Hemp, palm, rice straw, bamboo sheath, vine, or leather were used as materials in ancient times, and O was finished by often wrapping such materials in a cloth.
- 古くから笠懸、流鏑馬、犬追物など稽古用に使用され、初期の頃は的矢としても用いられた。
- It has been used in practice for kasagake (horseback archery competition), yabusame (archery on horseback), inuoumono (dog-hunting event, skill of archery) since ancient times, and it was used as a target arrow in early times.
- 日本では古くから弁当の習慣が起こり、他の諸国では例を見ないほどの発展を遂げていった。
- Japan has a long history of bento, and its development has been unparalleled in the world's history of bento.
- また今では二月最初の午の日とされるが、古来は、立春以降の最初の午の日に行われていた。
- Although the festival used to be held on the first day of the horse after the beginning of spring (according to the lunar calendar) in ancient times, it is now generally accepted that the festival is held on the first day of the horse in February.
- 日本神話に出てくる天岩戸の話を摸した儀式などが日本で最も古いものとして知られている。
- A ceremony modeling the story of Ama no Iwato (Cave of heaven) in the Japanese Mythology is known as the oldest one in Japan.
- 農耕社会においては収穫祭が古いものであるが他にも祭壇に動物の生贄を捧げる形式がある。
- In an agrarian society, a harvest festival was an old one, but there were other festivals in the form of presenting animal sacrifices at the altar.
- 飛鳥時代の人々の姿が描かれたもので現在も残っているのは、高松塚古墳の壁画だけである。
- This wall painting show the only figures that depict people during the Asuka period.
- 本来、日本古来のものを指すが明治時代に西欧からももたらされたタオルを含むこともある。
- Originally, a Tenugui towel means a traditional Japanese towel but sometimes it includes a towel which comes from Western Europe.
- 古くには弓矢(釣竿と釣針も同様)は、狩りが収穫を齎すことから、「サチ(幸)」といった。
- In ancient times, Yumiya (like a fishing rods and hooks) were called 'sachi' (happiness) because hunting brought sustenance for life.
- 他、山梨県増穂町や栃木県茂木町、最も古い産地の埼玉県毛呂山町等、全国各地に産地がある。
- There are also production regions throughout the nation, such as Masuho-cho in Yamanashi Prefecture, Motegi-machi in Tochigi Prefecture and the first production region, Moroyama-machi, in Saitama Prefecture.
- 主に名古屋市周辺で作られており、この地方ではスーパーでもよく見かけるポピュラーな食材。
- Kaku-fu is mainly produced around Nagoya City and is a popular food that is commonly available at supermarkets in the area.
- また継承者が「危険な古流の技術はもう必要ない世の中になった」とし指導を辞める例もある。
- And some successors stop teaching the koryu jujutsu, saying the world does not need its dangerous techniques any more.
- 場合によっては豆腐屋が無料で分け与えたり、捨てたりすることが、古く江戸時代からあった。
- In some cases, it has been distributed for free by a tofu seller or discarded since the Edo period.
- 最も古いうちわ(団扇)の例は、中国の歴史の記録や古代エジプトの壁画にみることができる。
- The oldest records, on which Uchiwa fan first appeared, are the record of Chinese history and wall painting of the ancient Egypt.
- 前漢末、劉キンが古文経を学官に立てようとして、今文経学との学派争いを引き起こしている。
- At the end of former Han, Ryu Kin (Liu Xin) attempted to assign Kobun-kei as a gakkan (teacher), and this led to a dispute with the Kinbun-kei school.
- 江戸時代の怪談本『古今百物語評判』では、名は「油盗人」(あぶらぬすびと)とされている。
- 'Kokon Hyaku Monogatari Hyoban (One Hundred Strange and Weird Tales of Past and Present),' a collection of ghost stories from the Edo period, named it 'Abura-nusubito' (an oil-thief).
- 池田菊苗が1908年古来から使われる昆布の旨み成分がグルタミン酸であることを発見した。
- Kikunae IKEDA discovered in 1908 that the main constituent of umami extracted from kelp, which had been used for cooking from old times, was glutamic acid.
- 数百年の古木になることもあるヤマザクラやエドヒガンに比べて高齢の木が少ないことである。
- Compared with Yamazakura and Edohigan, which can live for several hundred years, there are fewer old trees.
- 幕の内弁当など現在主流の弁当は、ご飯を主食として食べる日本古来の食習慣を反映している。
- Mainstream bento now available, such as Makunouchi-bento, reflects the traditional Japanese dietary habit of having rice as staple diet.
- 秋田県で古くから作られていた手法で、一般にはヤマダフーズが販売したものが発祥とされる。
- This technique had been used in Akita Prefecture since the old times, and it is said that Yamada Foods first introduced it throughout the country.
- 古来より「銅壷の水は腐らない」と言われるが、これは銅イオンの殺菌作用によるものである。
- Since the days of yore it has been said that water in 'Doko' heating units never goes bad; however, this is because of the sterilizing effect of the copper ions.
- 古くは卑弥呼なども祭礼を司る巫女や祈祷師であり、祈祷や占いによって執政したといわれる。
- It is said that in the ancient times, Himiko who was also a shrine maiden or shaman conducting rites and festivals controlled the administration by prayer or fortune-telling.
- この「何もないところに花が咲く」という状態に、古来生命力の強さを感じたものと思われる。
- It is assumed that people found the strong life force in the trees which 'bloomed in where nothing is.'
- しかし古典の美学を究めるより、笑いを求めて精進の結果、「爆笑王」の異名を取るに至った。
- However, he devoted himself to seeking comedy rather than mastering classic aesthetics, which resulted in bringing him the nickname 'King of great laughter.'
- 中世末までの日本酒の新酒の古酒に対する位置づけについては「日本酒安土桃山時代」を参照。
- Refer to the publication 'Azuchi Momoyama period Shin-shu' for the position of ancient shin-shu Japanese rice wine until mediaeval times.
- 古典落語では江戸・上方を問わず多くの噺に登場し、その雰囲気をうかがい知ることができる。
- In Classical Rakugo (classical comic story-telling), Hokan appears in many comic stories, both Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) and Edo, from which you can feel the atmosphere.
- 歴史は古く豊臣秀吉のお伽衆を務めたと言われる曽呂利新左衛門を祖とすると伝えられている。
- The history of hokan goes back a long way, and its origin is reported to be Shinzaemon SORORI who is said to have served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as an otogishu (the professional storyteller attending provincial lords).
- 起源は明らかではないが、古くは手巾、江戸時代頃に手拭という言葉が使われるようになった。
- The origin is not known but the word 'Tekin' started to be used in ancient times, and then the word 'Tenugui' around Edo period.
- 合気道の稽古は、技を左右同じ動きで同回数繰り返すため、左右の身体の歪みを取る効果がある。
- Training in aikido repeats techniques using the same movements for the left and right, repeating them the same number of times, so it effectively resolves distortion between the left and right sides of the body.
- ただし実際には武器術を指導する師範の割合は多くなく、体術のみを指導する稽古が大半である。
- However, in reality the percentage of grandmasters instructing in the art of weaponry isn't high, so most training includes instruction in taijutsu only.
- 「合気」は日本古来の武術用語であり、元々は力や構えなどが拮抗した状態を差す言葉であった。
- Aiki' is a martial-arts term from ancient Japan, originally referring to the state in which force and kamae (posture) are competing.
- 中学校〜大学、公設道場から私設道場まで殆どの弓道場がこれで、通常の稽古は近的道場で行う。
- Most Kyudo dojo in junior high school to college are of this kind, as are public and private dojo, and regular training is done in the Kyudo dojo for close-range shooting.
- イギリス品種であるLaverは、イギリスのウェールズ南部地方で古くから食用にされている。
- The laver, a British variety, has been used as a food in South Wales, UK, since long ago.
- 古典的な三曲合奏では、尺八の手付けは三絃の手をベタ付けで尺八向けに編曲したものであった。
- In the case of adapting a classical sankyoku pieces for shakuhachi, the shakuhachi part was generally added in a manner so as to roughly parallel that of the shamisen part.
- タワー建築:東京タワー、京都タワー、通天閣、福岡タワー、名古屋テレビ塔、さっぽろテレビ塔
- Towers: Tokyo Tower, Kyoto Tower, Tsutenkaku Tower, Fukuoka Tower, Nagoya TV Tower, and Sapporo TV Tower
- 該当する文化古墳文化、飛鳥文化、白鳳文化、天平文化、弘仁・貞観文化、国風文化、院政期文化
- Applicable culture: Tumulus culture, Asuka culture, Hakuho culture, Tenpyo culture, Konin-Jokan culture, native Japanese culture and Insei period culture
- 古代、朝廷が渤海使に「檳榔扇」を贈ったように、暑中の贈答品として主要な地位を占めてきた。
- Uchiwa fan has been regarded as one of the major summer gifts, which was proved in an ancient document by the description that the court presented the delegate from Balhae Kingdom with 'Binro Ogi' (Uchiwa fan made of Chinese fan palm).
- 団扇(うちわ)と扇子(せんす)は、古今の文献でも扇(おうぎ)という言葉で混同されている。
- Uchiwa fan and Sensu had been confused by using a word 'Ogi' (fan) in documents of all times.
- 業務用は、古くは鋳物のフレームに大きな手回しハンドルが本体横に付いたものが主流であった。
- For commercially used machines in the past, machines having a frame of cast iron equipped with a hand-driven handle on the side were main stream.
- 育てやすく収量性が良いなど優れた特徴を持つため古くから全国的に広く栽培される様になった。
- It has been grown country wide since as it had superior characteristics, it is easy to grow and the yield was good.
- 古くから存在し、鏑に良く似ているが、中身が刳り貫かれておらず、また大きさも鏑より小さい。
- It has existed from ancient times, it is quite similar to Kabura, but it is not hollow, and is smaller than Kabura.
- 鈴木翠軒は『寸松庵色紙』について、「線条の味と連綿の妙は、古筆中この右に出るものはない。
- For the 'Sunshoan-shikishi,' Suiken SUZUKI says, 'in the flavor of its strokes and excellent continuity of its lines, there is no equal in ancient calligraphy.
- 横に位置する大覚寺大沢池と名古曽の滝に出向かい、大沢池の花で華道をしたのが発祥と伝わる。
- He often visited Osawa-no-Ike (Osawa pond), Daikaku-ji Temple and Nakoso-no-Taki (Rapids of Nakoso), both of which were situated next to the temple, enjoying flower arrangement with the flowers blooming by the pond.
- 古神道ともいい、その起源は分かっているだけでも、縄文時代まで遡り、縄文神道ともいわれる。
- This philosophy is called the Ancient Shinto, the origin of which traces back at least to the Jomon perid, and it is also called the Jomon Shinto.
- 古来から日本では、稲作信仰というものがあり、特に平安時代から朝廷に推奨され顕著になった。
- In Japan, there had been a belief in paddy cultivation since the ancient days and the Imperial Court started to recommend this belief during the Heian period and this belief was especially conspicuous in this period.
- この区分けがあるのは、現在では東京だけであり、上方と名古屋ではこれらの身分は存在しない。
- This classification currently exists only in Tokyo, and the ranks don't exist in Kamigata (the Kyoto and Osaka area) nor in Nagoya.
- しかし、頭部を打てば生命に関るなど非常に危険なため、打稽古は後に登場した竹刀に移行した。
- However, as they were very dangerous and could be life threatening if hit, for example, on the head, they were replaced by shinai, which appeared later.
- 本来は、古くから神事に纏わる弓矢の言葉でもあるが、さまざまな、古文や句などで使われている。
- They were originally words for Yumiya related to Shinto rituals since ancient times, but has been used in various ancient documents and phrases.
- 日本で「柚」が「柚子」になったのは、古来の食酢としての利用によるところが大きいといわれる。
- The reason '柚' changed to '柚子' in Japan largely depends on the usage as vinegar in ancient times.
- 古代から使われてきた言葉は大和言葉であるが、中国の影響もあって高い割合で漢語が使用される。
- Words used from the ancient times were Yamato-kotoba (words of Japanese origin), but Kango (words of Chinese origin) were also used at high rates because of an influence by China.
- 直接柔術と関連がないが、柔道で廃れていった当身技の稽古のために生まれたのが日本拳法である。
- Though not directly related to jujutsu, Nippon Kempo was established for the training of body-striking techniques, which went out of use in judo.
- 現存する世界最古の四弦琵琶は、今のところ正倉院に保存されている数面の琵琶であると思われる。
- It is seemed that several biwas preserved in the Shoso-in Treasure Repository are the oldest four-stringed type of biwas in existence presently.
- - 歴史的に非常に古い職業でもあり、物語りや文学作品などで題材や人物設定として表現される。
- This is historically a very old occupation, appearing in stories and literature as a theme or character setting.
- これに対して、古文経と呼ばれる孔子旧宅の壁中や民間から秦以前のテキストが、発見されていた。
- On the other hand, texts called Kobun-kei from Qin and earlier days were found behind the walls of Koshi's former residence and among ordinary citizens.
- 縁起物や芝居の一場面など古典的なものから、動物やアニメのキャラクターまで題材は多岐に渡る。
- Kamikiri covers various subjects from classical ones, such as a good luck charms or scenes of a play, to animals or cartoon characters.
- これより代々京都と名古屋を往復し、2代翫古斎の時からさらに尾張藩の御用も勤めるようになる。
- Since then, the heads of Matsuo family became accustomed to travel between Kyoto and Nagoya, while the second head, Gankosai, added another official business with the lord of the Owari Domain.
- 孔子古は、ある時、山中に奇瑞の地を発見し、そこに精舎を建立し、仏像を安置したいと発願する。
- One time, Kujiko found an auspicious place in the mountains, and wanted to build a Shoja (a hall where priests practice asceticism, like a temple) to install a Buddhist stature in.
- ただし、緑茶の消費は中国と日本が主であり、古来は中国においても殺青は盛んに行なわれていた。
- However, green tea is mainly consumed in China and Japan, and in the old days, Sassei was frequently done in China.
- 動作も稽古内容も柔道とは違うため、柔道衣に徐々に改良がなされ、今のような空手衣が誕生した。
- Because karate's movement and practice procedures are different from those of judo, alterations were gradually added to the judo uniform, giving birth to today's karate uniform.
- 遺跡としての塚は古墳(こふん Kofun)・墳丘墓(ふんきゅうぼ Tumulus)を参照。
- For information on mounds in terms of remains, see Kofun (Ancient Burial Mounds) and Funkyubo (grave mound of tumulus).
- またその起源は、霊の依代(よりしろ)という古来の習俗と仏教の卒塔婆が習合した物ともされる。
- The origin of ihai is said to have come from the syncretization of the folkways of yorishiro (an idea in which a divine spirit resides in an object) and the sotoba (a tall, tower-shaped wooden tablet set up behind a grave for the repose of the dead) in Buddhism.
- 古くから弓術として戦術、武芸として発展し、現在ではスポーツ、健康体育の面も持ち合わせている。
- It developed long ago as Kyujutsu (the art of Japanese archery) for tactics and military art, and today it's also considered a sport or a healthful exercise.
- 黒沢琴古の名は3代で途絶えたが、琴古流はその後、吉田一調、荒木古童らにより隆盛を築いていく。
- The name of Kinko KUROSAWA was carried for three generations before disappearing; however, thereafter the Kinko school continued to flourish and grow under the guidance of Itcho YOSHIDA, Kodo ARAKI and others.
- なぎなた(薙刀)とは、日本の古い武器である薙刀の木刀及び竹刀に似たなぎなたを使った現代武道。
- Naginata (wielding techniques) is a modern martial art, using a wooden or bamboo sword which looks like the old Japanese weapon called 'naginata' (originally, a pole with a wood shaft and a curved blade on its end).
- ことわざや慣用句での「膾」は、古代中国の切り分けた生肉や生魚による料理を意味することが多い。
- Namasu' in proverbs and common expressions often means the dishes which used the fillets of raw meat and raw fish in ancient China.
- 古来、うちわは木製品、鳥毛や獣毛、ビロウ(びろう)や芭蕉の葉にはじまり、もっと大型であった。
- Uchiwa fan was originally larger than the current one, which was made of various materials such as wood, feather, fur, leaf of areca nut palm or Japanese banana.
- 孔子古が8日目に扉を開けると、庵内には千手観音立像が安置されており、行者の姿は見えなかった。
- When Kujiko opened the door on the eighth day, Senju Kannon ryuzo (standing statue of Thousand Armed Avalokiteshwara) was installed in the hermitage, and he found that the pilgrim was gone.
- また幕末には京阪や名古屋のみではなく中国、九州などでも地歌が盛んになり、独自の曲が作られた。
- Moreover, at the end of the Edo period jiuta became popular not only in Kyoto, Osaka and Nagoya but also in Chugoku and Kyushu, and numbers unique to the region were composed.
- 大古酒(だいこしゅ / おおこしゅ)という語に関して、現在のところ明確には定義されていない。
- At present, there is no clear definition of the word 'daikoshu (or okoshu).'
- カシワは新芽が出るまで古い葉が落ちないことから「家系が絶えない」縁起物として広まっていった。
- It spread as a bringer of good luck because kashiwa (oak) leaves never fall before new burgeons have roots in the tree, and that inspired the idea that 'family line never fails.'
- 例として「姫塚」は古墳の名称である塚と「とある姫」が亡くなったことを祈念した「姫塚」がある。
- For example, there are two kinds of 'Hime Zuka' (princess mound); one is the appellative of ancient burial mounds, the other one is a mound dedicated to a certain princess in her memory.
- 最も古い丼物は鰻丼で19世紀初めに登場し、続いて江戸末期には深川丼がうまれたといわれている。
- It is said that the Unagi-donburi (Donburimono with roasted eel on cooked rice) introduced in the early nineteenth century is the oldest Donburimono, and that Fukagawa-donburi (with cooked shellfish as an ingredient) appeared next toward the end of the Edo period.
- 企業による大量生産品も一般的であるが、醤油、味噌、豆腐などは古来の製法で作られることも多い。
- Although generally mass-produced by companies, soy sauce, lots of miso and tofu are also manufactured in traditional styles.
- 夏バテを防ぐためにウナギを食べる習慣は、日本では大変古く、万葉集にまでその痕跡をさかのぼる。
- The custom of eating eel in Japan in order to prevent exhaustion from summer heat is very old, and it can be traced back to Manyoshu.
- 古くは「一夜酒(ひとよざけ)」または「醴酒(こさけ、こざけ(「濃い酒」の意))」と呼ばれた。
- It was called as 'Hitoyo-zake' (literally over-night sake) or 'Ko-sake' (thick sake) long ago.
- 鍋や壺などの調理器具を用意しなくても加熱が可能なあぶり焼きという方法は、古代から行われていた。
- Grilling, which does not require cooking utensils such as a pan or pot for heating, had been done since ancient times.
- その弟子宮古路豊後掾がさらに豊後節へと改めて、享保19年(1734年)これを江戸へもたらした。
- His disciple Miyakoji Bungo no jo, who had renamed it as Bungo-bushi, introduced it into Edo in 1734.
- 「和」は古くから日本を示す言葉で、漢(中国)や洋(西欧)など外国からの事物に対比して使われる。
- The term 'Wa' has meant Japan from old times, and is used in contradistinction to things from foreign countries such as Han (China) and Yo (Western Europe).
- 柔道や空手道等の現代武道だけでなく、各種スポーツ競技の普及により古流柔術は省みられなくなった。
- Few people take notice of koryu jujutsu, because various other sports' competitions become popular, including the modern martial arts, such as judo and karate (the traditional Japanese martial art mainly used for self-defense, whose basic techniques are 'uchi' [arm strikes], 'tsuki' [thrusts] and 'keri' [kicks]).
- 柔術(じゅうじゅつ)は、日本古来の徒手あるいは短い武器による攻防の技法を中心とした武術である。
- Jujutsu is the name for traditional Japanese martial arts, which are centered on offense and defense techniques with no (or a small) weapon.
- 師匠は名古屋市の大須演芸場で活躍した紙切り芸人で、2006年に没した大東両(だいとうりょう)。
- His teacher was Ryo DAITO, actively performed kamikiri at the Osu Vaudeville Theater in Nagoya City died in 2006.
- ハンガリーでは古代ローマ時代から公衆浴場が建設され、2000年近くに渡る温泉文化を持っている。
- Hot spring culture in Hungary, where public baths were constructed during the ancient Roman period, has a history of nearly 2000 years.
- もちろん現在では象牙、べっ甲共に稀少品なので、合成樹脂でできているものを稽古に使うことも多い。
- Of course, ivory and tortoise shells are scarce today, and consequently plectra made of synthetic resin are often used during practice.
- 駅構内のほか、古くから列車(主に優等列車)内の車内販売でも、沿線の駅の駅弁が取り扱われている。
- Besides within station precincts, on the train (mainly on the higher category train), Ekiben limited to the stations along the railroad has been available through a service of sales in the train since long ago.
- そのためか古来、桜は人を狂わせるといわれ、実際花見の席ではしばしば乱痴気騒ぎが繰り広げられる。
- Because of this, it has been said since ancient times that cherry blossoms make people go mad, and in fact, viewers have often caused mayhem at Hanami parties.
- 従来、古くからある関西風お好み焼き店の多くはマヨネーズをかけたり、つけたりすることはなかった。
- Traditionally in previous times, in many Kansaifu-okonomiyaki shops, mayonnaise was not used.
- 古神道には、常世(とこよ)と現世(うつしよ)という世界観があり、常世は神域や神の国をあらわす。
- The Ancient Shinto had a vision of world, Tokoyo (written as 常世 in Chinese characters, which means heaven) and Utsushiyo (the actual world), and Tokoyo referred to a sacred area or the kingdom of God.
- 現象そのものは古くから知られており、またそれを防ぐ火入れも日本酒の歴史中古から行なわれていた。
- This phenomenon itself has been known from ancient times, and the heating process to prevent it has been done from the Middle Ages (the times around the Heian period) in the history of sake.
- なお、「鱠」はあくまでも文献上は古代中国の膾が先行するが、もともと原始的で単純な料理でもある。
- The ancient Chinese character 膾 for namasu appeared in documents before another Chinese character 鱠 for namasu, but the term was used to refer to a primitive, simple way of eating.
- そのため、古くは農村部を中心に食料を送ってそれを僧侶や葬儀参加者の食事に宛てることが多かった。
- Therefore, foods were often offered as Koden in rural areas in ancient times so that those foods could be provided as meals to Buddhist monks and mourners
- なお、どて煮の汁に串カツを浸けて食べるのが名古屋めしの一つである味噌カツの始まりとの説もある。
- Some people believe that a misokatsu, one of the specialities of Nagoya originates from this style of eating kushikatsu dipped in the dote-ni broth.
- 吉沢検校自身国学、和歌をもたしなんでおり、復古主義的思潮には明らかに影響されていたようである。
- Yoshizawa Kengyo himself also had knowledge of the study and waka poem, and was apparently influenced by the thought of reversionism.
- 古くは『常陸国風土記』(713年)に登場しており、ヤマトタケルに関して次のような記述が見られる。
- As early as 713, it appeared in 'Hitachi-no-kuni-fudoki (The topographical records of Hitachi county),' which has the following descriptions about YAMATO Takeru:
- 中国では古くは麪筋(めんきん)と呼ばれ、宋 (王朝)に書かれた『夢渓筆談』にもその名が登場する。
- In old China, fu was referred to as mian jin (gluten) and was mentioned in 'Meng Xi Bi Tan' (Dream Stream Essays) which was written during the Sung Dynasty era.
- 日本で古くから行われている祭りでは神を祭る行事として神輿や御神体を使って行われていることが多い。
- Festivals which have been held from old times in Japan are often held as events worshiping a deity, using Mikoshi (portable shrine carried in festivals) or Goshintai (object of worship housed in a Shinto shrine and believed to contain the spirit of a deity).
- ひとつは、江古田・沼袋原の戦いで、劣勢に立たされ道に迷った太田道灌の前に猫が現れて手招きをした。
- According to one of these theories, Dokan OTA, who was outnumbered in the Egota-numagukuro Battle and got lost, saw a cat beckoning to him.
- 梅サク (明)は『尚書考異』を著し、通行の「書経偽古文尚書」が偽書であることを証明しようとした。
- Bai Saku (Ming) wrote 'Shosho Koi' (Reconsideration of Shoko) to prove that the 'imitated old text version of Shokyo' in use was a gisho (apocryphal book).
- 京都においては近衛家・鷹司家より殊遇を得ており、たびたび京都と名古屋を往復して茶道普及に努めた。
- At the same time, Rakushisai Soji received a special favor from the Konoe family and the Takatsukasa family in Kyoto, so he had to travel frequently between Kyoto and Nagoya and tried his best to disseminate the tea ceremony.
- 日本でも古くから行われており、『延喜式』には餅粥(望粥・もちがゆ)という名称で七種粥が登場する。
- In Japan, too, there has been this custom through the ages: in the 'Engishiki' (an ancient book of codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) there appears Nanakusa-gayu, which is called Mochi-gayu and written as 餅粥 (望粥).
- 古典派音楽以降の西洋音楽ではコンサートホールのような広い空間で演奏するために大音量を要求された。
- Because Western music, particularly since the emergence of orchestral music, has been played in large spaces such as concert halls, the musical instruments were required to provide higher sound levels.
- 「駒井日記」(文禄2年(1593年))がみりん(蜜淋)の名称が記されたもっとも古い文献とされる。
- The oldest written reference to mirin is thought to be that in 'Komai Nikki' (Diary of Shigekatsu KOMAI) (1593).
- 室町時代の書物の記載事項が最も古い記載事項から少なくとも日本では室町時代以降の風習となっている。
- It has been practiced in Japan since at least the Muromachi period, considering the fact that the oldest descriptions of it were found in the documents of that period.
- 7月15日:夏の大祭@稲毛浅間神社(千葉市稲毛区)(小学生くらいの6名の手古舞が稚児行列を先導)
- July 15: Summer Grand Festival at Inage Sengen-jinja Shrine (Inage Ward, Chiba City) (six elementary school children perform the tekomai while leading a children's parade)
- なお、創作落語は関西の落語家による造語であり文献によっても広く古典と対比されるのは新作とされる。
- Sosaku Rakugo (a creative rakugo story) is a term coined by a rakugo storyteller of the Kansai region, and Shinsaku rakugo is generally compared with Classical Rakugo.
- 古典落語(こてんらくご)とは、落語の演目のうち、一般に江戸時代から明治時代に作られたものを指す。
- Classical rakugo generally includes programs of Rakugo which were created from the Edo to Meiji eras.
- 古代ローマでは1年は10ヶ月で March が初月、1 March が正月(新年初日)であった。
- In ancient Rome, one year included 10 months; March was the first month and March 1st was New Year's Day (the first day of the new year).
- 室町時代の文献の中に既に「重箱」の記述を見ることができるので、その歴史はかなり古いと考えられる。
- The history of Jubako is considered to be rather long because the term 'Jubako' can be found in literature from the Muromachi period.
- 歌詞は古今集などの和歌そのものであり、音楽的にも組歌や雅楽などへの復古的志向が至る所に見られる。
- Words are waka poems as they are taken from Kokinshu, and the music also shows revivalistic intentions to kumiuta and the traditional Japanese music.
- 弁当そのものの歴史は古く、外出時の食事として持参するものと定義するならば、その起源はわからない。
- The history of bento themselves is long, and if a bento is defined as meals to go, its origin is not known.
- 古来においては一日は夕方から始まるとする風習があり、元旦は大晦日の夕方から始まると考えられていた。
- A day was thought to begin at dusk in old times; and the New Year's Day was thought to begin at the dusk of New Year's Eve.
- 地歌や箏曲での合奏の中で、胡弓に独自の旋律を持たせたのは光崎の後輩にあたる名古屋の吉沢検校である。
- It was Yoshizawa Kengyo (Mitsuzaki Kengyo's junior), a resident of Nagoya, who made the kokyu melody distinctive in the Jiuta (or Sokyoku) ensemble.
- 日本においては古くからイカを食用としており、保存ができる乾物加工品としてのスルメも古い歴史がある。
- In Japan, squid has been eaten since ancient times and surume also has a long history as a dry food with a long shelf life.
- 日本では古来弓は神器として考えられており、畏敬の念や信仰により長大になっていったというものである。
- The traditional bows were considered to be a holy tool in Japan and became longer with the respect and belief.
- 『古今著聞集』によれば、嵯峨野小鷹狩の図は、大井川辺に住まった季綱少将のことを描いたものかという。
- According to 'Kokon Chomon ju' (A Collection of Tales Heard, Past and Present), painting of Sagano Kotakagari was about Suetsuna shosho who lived vicinity of Oi-gawa River.
- それゆえ、今日語られている空手の歴史は、主に明治時代の空手の古老たちが伝え聞いた話に基づいている。
- Therefore, the history of karate, as discussed here, is based mainly on the lore that old karate experts of the Meiji period had heard from their precursors.
- その絵画が古くなって修復が必要となった際、修復せずに放っておくと、絵の中の人物が警告を促すという。
- It is said that if a picture is left untended even when it gets old and need restoration, a character in the picture will give warning.
- 日本・中国・朝鮮半島・ベトナムの東アジア諸国では、古くから満年齢は使われず、数え年が使われてきた。
- East Asian countries such as Japan, China, Korea and Vietnam did not use the Western style of calculating age in older times; rather, they used Kazoedoshi (the age by the traditional Japanese system).
- 広義には、文字通り伝統的な空手の流派、すなわち、古流空手、全空連加盟等の本土空手、沖縄空手を含む。
- In a broader sense, dentoha karate (traditional-style karate) comprises literally traditional karate organizations, namely koryu karate (old-style karate), hondo karate (karate in the Japanese mainland, such as organizations affiliated with the JKF) and Okinawa karate.
- この炭化米からは、人間の指によって握られた痕跡が残されており、当初最古のおにぎりとして報道された。
- Initially it is reported as the oldest onigiri because the trail of pressing by human fingers were remained in this carbonized rice.
- 古代では、山に咲くヤマザクラ(山桜 P. jamasakura)や、八重咲きの桜が一般的であった。
- In ancient times, Yamazakura (P. jamasakura) in mountains and double-flowered cherry blossoms were common.
- 歌詞には古代の素朴な恋愛などを歌ったものが多く、4句切れの旋頭歌など様々な歌詞の形体をなしている。
- Many lyrics are about old simple love affairs and take various forms such as sedoka (an ancient form of waka or tanka which consists of six lines with sound units arranged as six/seven/seven, five/seven/seven) in four phrases.
- 更に古雅さを追求した吉沢検校は、箏曲の遠い先祖である雅楽に一つの音楽美の理想を見いだしたのだろう。
- Further pursuing the classic, Yoshizawa Kengyo may have found an ideal of musical aesthetic in the traditional Japanese music that was a far ancestor of sokyoku.
- この新しい様式は上方の人士から熱狂的な支持を受け、義太夫節はそれ以前の古浄瑠璃を圧倒することになる。
- This new pattern won the enthusiastic support of the people in the Kamigata region, and Gidayu-bushi overwhelmed the old Joruri.
- またういろうの他にも青柳総本家の「カエルまんじゅう」や「きしめんパイ」も名古屋土産として人気がある。
- In addition, 'Frog manju' (frog face-like steamed bean-jam bun) and 'Kishimen pie' (flat wheat noodle-like pie) of the main branch of Aoyagi family are also popular as a souvenirs of Nagoya City.
- 「古老の曰(い)へらく、倭武の天皇 海辺に巡り幸(いでま)して 乗浜(のりのはま)に行き至りましき。
- According to the old man, Emperor YAMATO Takeru came to the beach and arrived in Nori-no-hama.
- 現代の箏は伝統的な流派の伝承(草の根の稽古も含む)はもちろん、クラシック音楽との交流も行われている。
- Today, Soh is played not only by people belonging to traditional schools (including those who are learning) but also in collaboration with classical musicians.
- 今日伝えられている琴古流系尺八のパートは、明治のごく初期に吉田一調、荒木古童らによって手付けされた。
- The shakuhachi parts of some tunes, having been added by a school descendent of Kinko KUROSAWA, still exist today, and the part was arranged by the school musicians, including Iccho YOSHIDA and Kodo ARAKI, in the very early Meiji period.
- 古典的な儀式や儀礼の場では縁起物として扱われ、結納の際に相手方に納める品としても代表的なものである。
- At traditional ceremonies or rituals, surume is regarded as a token of good luck being a representative item among betrothal gifts for the other party.
- 中国や東南アジアの影響が多い沖縄の沖縄古武道では、釵やトンファー等の武器を両手に一つずつ持って使う。
- In the Okinawan kobudo (Okinawan classical martial arts) which arose in Okinawa and was greatly affected by China and Southeast Asian countries, a fighter holds a weapon such as a sai (an iron truncheon) or a tonfa in each hand.
- 名器とされる篳篥も多くなく、海賊丸、波返、筆丸、皮古丸、岩浪、滝落、濃紫などの名が伝わるのみである。
- There are not many famous Hichiriki flutes, so only names of Kaizokumaru, Namigaeshi, Fudemaru, Hikomaru, Iwanami, Takiotoshi, and Kokimurasaki have been handed down.
- 中国伝来の行事と日本古来の風習が習合した上巳の祓は、3月3日の桃の節句(雛祭り)に発展したとされる。
- The purification ceremony held on joshi, which is a syncretic fusion of events of Chinese origin and ancient Japanese customs, is said to have developed into the Doll Festival on March 3.
- 島根の大社地方を中心に古くから作り伝えられてきた細工蒲鉾は、婚礼(披露宴)の引出物として有名である。
- Saiku kamoboko in the Oyashiro region of Shimane Prefecture has a long tradition and is famous for the 'hikidemono' used for weddings.
- 同県は古くは復刻種、亀の尾、五百万石という主力品種に恵まれてきたが、これらは高度精米に耐えられない。
- Although Niigata prefecture was blessed with staple revived varieties, namely Kame no o and Gohyakumangoku, in the past those varieties couldn't stand a high degree of polishing.
- トッピングは昔から店では中濃ソースであったが、ケチャップやマヨネーズも古くから家庭では浸透していた。
- As for the topping sauce, the shops have used medium thick sauce from long ago, but ketchup or mayonnaise were also used in the household from long ago.
- 文字は宛転して滞るところがなく、古筆の中で最も細く品のよい線が用いられ、散らしの美しさも優れている。
- The characters flow smoothly with no interruptions and are composed of some of the thinnest, most graceful lines in ancient calligraphy; the beauty of the chirashi-gaki is outstanding.
- 小豆が持つ赤色と稲作民族における呪術が結び付けられて、古くから祭祀の場において小豆が用いられてきた。
- Azuki beans have been used in religious rites since old times due to the linkage between its red color and a magical belief of the rice farming race.
- 和歌や古典を通じて得た貴族的教養を生かし「猿楽」を芸能・理論の両面から大成させることに心血を注いだ。
- Making use of the knowledge on aristocratic culture, he acquired through waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) and Japanese classics, he devoted his life to establishing 'sarugaku' in both the aspects of art and theory.
- 古く田楽と呼ばれた料理には、具を串刺しにして焼いた「焼き田楽」のほか、具を茹でた煮込み田楽があった。
- The dishes that had been called Dengaku in the olden times included Nikomi Dengaku (Boiled Dengaku), in which ingredients were boiled, as well as Yaki Dengaku (Grilled Dengaku), in which skewered ingredients were grilled.
- この地域は、古くから手延麺の産地であり、手延そうめんや手延ひやむぎと共に手延うどんも製造されている。
- As these regions have produced hand-stretched noodles since long ago, hand-stretched Udon noodles are also produced in addition to hand-stretched Somen noodles and hand-stretched Hiyamugi noodles.
- 静岡県富士宮市に日本最古級のヤマザクラである狩宿の下馬ザクラがあり、特別天然記念物に指定されている。
- In Fujinomiya City, Shizuoka Prefecture, there is Kariyado no Gebazakura, the oldest Yamazakura in Japan, which has been designated as a special Japanese national treasure.
- ネオ・ペイガンは、Samhain (ケルト人古代のお祝い、グレゴリオ11月1日あたり)を新年とする。
- Neo Beigan celebrates Samhain (a celebration event of the Celtic people in the ancient days and this was around November 1st in the Gregorian calendar) as their new year.
- 日本では、古来より江戸時代初期に至るまで、真夏の盛りを除いて一年を通じて以下のように酒を醸していた。
- In Japan from time immemorial through until the early part of the Edo period, with the exception of mid-summer, sake (rice wine) was brewed year-round as follows:
- 当初は麻糸をしまうための笥として用いられたとも言われ、「麻笥」・「麻の笥」と書く古い表記も存在する。
- At first, it is said to have been used as a tansu (笥; chest of drawers) for storing hemp (麻) yarn and the ancient spelling '麻笥' and '麻の笥' (oke, bucket) exist.
- 古くは紫菜(むらさきのり・あまのり)・小凝菜(いぎす・テングサ)・鹿角菜(ヒジキ)などをのりと称した。
- Formerly, 'murasaki nori (ama nori),' 'igisu (tengusa),' 'hijiki' and so on were referred to as 'nori.'
- 血液の流れを良くする血行促進効果が高く、古くよりひび・あかぎれを治し風邪の予防になると伝承されてきた。
- It has a significant effect to facilitate the flow of blood and is traditionally said to cure chapped skin and to prevent colds.
- 上記理由に合わせ、古来の弓は木から削り出した単一素材であり、根元が下に、梢側が上に来るように弓を持つ。
- The ancient bows were created from one single material carved out from wood for reasons mentioned above, and were held with the root side at the bottom and top of the wood as above.
- しかし古代から伝えられた名器を観察し工夫努力を重ねることで製作者の技術は上乗せされてさらに伸びてゆく。
- However, a craftsmen's technique improves with ideas and effort by examining famous instruments passed down from ancient times.
- 秋波はまもなく亡くなり、その代わりに享保9年(1724年)楽只斎宗二が名古屋へ派遣されるようになった。
- Since Shuha MACHIDA died after a short time, Rakushisai Soji was sent to Nagoya to succeed him in 1724.
- 半古斎も早世したため、10代不染斎は13年間に渡って表千家12代惺斎のもとで修行を積んでから継承した。
- Since Hankosai also died young, the tenth head Fusensai succeeded the family after performing ascetic practices for 13 years under the guidance of the twelfth head of the Omote-Senke school, Seisai.
- このような中、嘉納治五郎は柔術を独自に理論化・合理化した柔道を開き乱取り稽古を盛んに行い大いに栄えた。
- Given the situation, Jigoro KANO theorized and rationalized jujutsu (a kind of Japanese martial art style including unarmed and armed techniques) in his own way, developed judo from it, did lots of 'randori' (free-style) practice, and thus flourished.
- 別の説では、日本に古くから存在した練酒、白酒などの甘い酒に腐敗防止策として焼酎が加えられたというもの。
- Another theory states that mirin developed from sweet alcoholic beverages that have long existed in Japan such as nerizake and white sake when shochu was added to prevent decay.
- このため古くから豆腐製造業者においては、前記の消泡剤を使うのが一般的であった(『豆腐集説』明治5年)。
- Therefore, for a long time it was a general practice for tofu makers to use the aforementioned antifoaming agent ('Tofu Shusetsu (Compilation of Tofu Making Theory),' published in 1872).
- 『関戸本古今集』系統は、『高野切』の書風より抑揚、強弱、軽重等の変化、そして自由さを増した書風である。
- The 'Sekidobon kokinshu' lineage, in comparison to those of the 'Koya-gire,' has more variations in inflection, strongness and weakness, and lightness and heaviness, and freedom.
- 多くの地方流派が武徳会に所属するとともに剣道や柔道を取り入れ、伝来の形や稽古法が徐々に失われていった。
- A lot of the local schools not only belonged to Butoku Kai, but also accepted kendo or judo, so that the forms and the practicing methods which had been handed down from their ancestors began to be lost little by little.
- さつまいもを輪切りにし湯がいて天日で干した物ともち米を一緒に蒸して、混ぜてついた黄色の餅(甘古呂餅)。
- Yellow mochi which is produced: by steaming glutinous rice together with a material which is produced by cutting a sweet potato into round slices, boiling the slices, and drying them under sunshine; mixing the two ingredients; steaming and pounding them (kankoro-mochi).
- 楕円形の胴に革を張り、棒状の長い棹を取り付けたリュート属弦楽器は、すでに古代エジプトの壁画に見られる。
- Stringed instruments of lute family, having an oval body covered with skin and attached to long cylindrical neck, were already drawn in wall paintings of ancient Egypt.
- しかしながら近年の昭和時代の懐古ブーム(昭和レトロブーム)の影響で、ナポリタンが再評価されつつもある。
- Naporitan has been reassessed, however, as a result of the growing trend to look back on the Showa period in recent years.
- 煎り酒(いりざけ)とは、江戸時代に用いられていた日本の古い調味料で、日本酒に梅干を入れて煮詰めたもの。
- Irizake is an old Japanese seasoning used during the Edo period, which is made by putting umeboshi (pickled Japanese apricot) into Japanese sake (rice wine), and boiling it down.
- また、名古屋にはわかこうじ、大阪に井上陽一、手廻し映写機で上映と活弁をする小崎泰嗣などが活動している。
- Other active katsudo benshi include Koji WAKA in Nagoya, Yoichi INOUE and Taiji KOSAKI in Osaka who narrates movies while rolling the hand projector.
- 吉沢自身が考案した「古今調子」という、雅楽の箏の調弦、音階を取り入れた新たな箏の調弦法が使われている。
- It utilizes a new tuning method of koto adopting the tuning and the scale of koto in Japanese court music invented by Yoshizawa, which is called 'kokinchoshi' scale.
- このことは『魏志倭人伝』に記述されており、古い時代からすでに現在に伝わる姿が完成されていたことがわかる。
- This is described in 'Gishi Wajin Den' (the first written record of Japan's commerce), which shows that it has been produced in the same form as the present type since ancient times.
- 常磐津は艶麗さの反面、古い江戸浄瑠璃の名残を引いて豪壮な部分があり、歯切れのいい語り口をも兼備えている。
- Tokiwazu, despite its erotic nature, also has the aspect of dynamism and crispness derived from the traditional Edo Joruri.
- 平津の駅家(うまや)の西12里(古代には12里=60町≒6.5km)に、大櫛(おおぐし)という岡がある。
- There is a hill called Ogushi, about 6.5 km west of umaya (facilities for providing houses, food etc.) in Hiratsu.
- 日本古来からある「こと」は和琴(「わごん」または「やまとごと」)と呼ばれ、6本の弦を持つ(まれに5本)。
- Koto' in the ancient times of Japan was called 'wagon' (or 'yamatogoto') and it had six strings (five strings in rare cases).
- 何休は鄭玄によって論駁され、以後、今文学に大師が出ることもなく、今文学は古文学に押されて衰退していった。
- Ka Kyu was rebutted by Jo Gen, and since then, no Taishi (a master and assistant of emperor in the ancient China) of Kinbun learning appeared, and Kinbun learning declined, pushed aside by Kobun learning.
- また陳第は『毛詩古音考』を著し、音韻が歴史的に変化していることを明言し、古代音韻学研究の道を開いている。
- Additionally, Chin Tei wrote the 'Study on Old Sound of Moshi,' clearly stating that phonology was changing historically, leading the way to ancient phonology research.
- グレゴリオ暦の7月7日は夏だが、旧暦の7月7日はほとんど立秋以降であるので、古来の七夕は秋の季語である。
- Though July 7 of the Gregorian calendar falls on a summer day, July 7 of the old calendar mostly falls after the time of risshu and therefore, the old calendar-based tanabata is a seasonal word for autumn.
- 南座は現在も年末の顔見世興行を行って古い伝統を維持しているが、道頓堀の芝居小屋はほとんどが消滅している。
- Minami-za still maintains the old traditions by carrying out kaomisekogyo (the season's first performance with the new company) at the end of the year, but almost all the playhouses in Dotonbori have disappeared.
- 作り置きが可能であり携行性に優れることから、日本では古くから今に至るまで弁当の主食として重宝されていた。
- In Japan, onigiri has been regarded as the staple food in a boxed lunch through all ages because it is cookable ahead and portable.
- 前身は1922年設立の京都紫光クラブ(設立時の名称は紫郊クラブ)でJリーグ所属のチームとしては日本最古。
- The original club was established as Kyoto Shiko Club (京都紫光クラブ, of which 紫光 means purple light, and the name was at first put down as 紫郊クラブ) in 1922, and is the oldest team belonging to the J. League in Japan.
- 捨てられることが多いため、愛好家の間では貴重品になることもあり、古書店で帯だけを万引きする者も存在する。
- In most cases, obi are removed and thrown away; but obi collectors value obi so high that there are some shoplifters only steel obi in the second-hand bookstores.
- 舞鶴市 宮津市 綾部市 京丹後市 南丹市 京田辺市 木津川市 彦根市 長浜市 近江八幡市 高島市 名古屋市
- Maizuru City, Miyazu City, Ayabe City, Kyotango City, Nantan City, Kyotanabe City, Kizugawa City, Hikone City, Nagahama City, Omihachiman City, Takashima City and Nagoya City
- 古いタイプの丸形のたこ焼き器は、火力に練炭火鉢を使用するため、大きさもこの大きさに合わせた物となっている。
- Round-shaped Takoyaki-ki of the old type is large enough to accommodate a charcoal stove because it is heated by the stove.
- これらの比較的新しい本曲と普化宗で吹奏された狭義の本曲を区別するため、後者を特に古典本曲と呼ぶことがある。
- In order to maintain a distinction between the more modern compositions that came to be referred to as honkyoku and the honkyoku practiced by adherents of Fuke sect, the term 'koten-honkyoku' (literally, 'ancient honkyoku') is sometimes used to refer to the latter.
- 「膾(音読みで「カイ」)」は本来、古代中国において、切り分けた獣肉に調味料を合わせて生食する料理を指した。
- 膾 ('kai' in a Chinese reading)' originally referred to the dish which was made by cutting the raw animal meat out and mixing it with seasonings.
- 古典のスタイルにのっとった新作もあるが、特に打楽器的効果の強い薩摩琵琶は、しばしば現代音楽にも用いられる。
- There are some songs composed according to a classical style but the Satsuma biwa that has a major effect like percussion instruments is often used in modern music.
- その弟子、許慎は『説文解字』を著して今文による文字解釈の妥当性を否定し、古文学の発展に大きく寄与している。
- His disciple, Kyoshin (Xu Shen), wrote 'Setsumon-kaiji' (Shuowen Jiezi) to deny the legitimacy of character interpretation based on Kinbun, and made a significant contribution to the development of Kobun learning.
- これが現在知られている七夕のストーリーとほぼ同じ型となった最も古い時期を考証できる史料のひとつとなっている
- The above is the oldest historical literature that can verify the currently known story of tanabata.
- 上記の行列の中に巫女、稚児、手古舞、民謡舞踊、御輿、鼓笛隊、バトンガール、カラーガード等が入る場合も多い。
- Shrine maidens, children, traditional Tekomai dancers, local folk song dancers, omikoshi (portable shrines), brass bands, baton twirlers and color guards also often take part in the procession described above.
- ただし、この味の変更は古くからのファンには受けが悪く、賛否両論である(食べやすくなったという女性も多い)。
- However, the change of taste was not welcomed by old fans, and opinions became divided (Many women say it became easier to eat).
- 弘前城跡公園には樹齢100年を超えるソメイヨシノがあり、これは本種の現存する最も古い株であろうと言われる。
- In Hirosaki Park (at the ruins of Hirosaki Castle), there is a Someiyoshino more than a century old, and this is said to be the oldest tree existing among this species.
- 特徴としては、伝統的な型稽古や組手稽古、沖縄古来からの鍛錬法の重視、武器術の併伝などを挙げることができる。
- It is characterized by the practice of traditional kata and kumite, an emphasis on traditional Okinawan exercise methods and the complementary use of the art of weapons (buki-jutsu).
- 法隆寺の聖徳太子絵伝にその初期の例を見ることができ、源氏物語絵巻、扇面古写経の下絵の人物などが好例である。
- Early examples of hikime-kagibana can be found in the Shotokutaishi-Eden (Illustrated Biography of Prince Shotoku) in Horyu-ji Temple; good examples include persons in the Genji Monogatari Emaki (the Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji) and in the designs of the Senmen Koshakyo (Ancient Sutra Manuscripts on a Fan).
- 索餅(さくべい)とは、古代中国から日本に伝わった唐菓子の1つで素麺の祖となったとも言われている食品のこと。
- Sakubei is a one kind of 'togashi' (literally 'Chinese sweet'), which were introduced to Japan from ancient China, and is also said to be the origin of somen noodles.
- 日本で現存している最古の繍仏としては「天寿国曼荼羅繍帳」があげられ、今でも奈良県の中宮寺に保管されている。
- The oldest shubutsu still in existence today is 'Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho' (the embroidery made in prayer for Prince Shotoku to go to Heaven after his death), which is kept in Chugu-ji Temple in Nara Prefecture.
- 範遠も紀州竹林派吉見経武(法名:順正)に師事し弓術を学んだが、技量が優れていたので藩より稽古料を給された。
- Norito also learned kyujutsu under Noritake YOSHIMI (posthumous Buddhist name: Junsei) from Kishu-chikurin line, and he was given the lesson fee by the domain because his skills were excellent.
- 剣術(けんじゅつ)とは古武道の一つであり、日本の刀剣であるかたな(日本刀)で以て相手を殺傷する武術である。
- Kenjutsu is one of Japan's Kobudo (classical martial arts) with the focus of killing and wounding opponents with a katana (Japanese sword).
- その壁画の一部に描かれていた男子と女子の絵と、『日本書紀』の記述が、飛鳥時代の衣服の考古学上の資料である。
- Male and female figures in the wall paintings and the description in the 'Nihonshoki' were the only archaeological sources on clothes during the Asuka period.
- このことは古くより体験的に知られており、神秘的な力として、その強力なものが口承の中に現れてくるのであろう。
- As these functions have been empirically recognized from the old days, the most powerful examples have been handed down by oral traditions as mysterious power.
- 古くから煮物、焼き物、蒸し物は行われていたが、揚げ物は飛鳥時代ごろに中国→朝鮮から入ってきたと考えられる。
- Nimono (boiled and seasoned foods), yakimono (broiled foods) and mushimono (steamed foods) were eaten from ancient times, but agemono (deep-fried food) was brought to Japan from China via Korea around the Asuka period.
- 以後いくつもの派に分かれつつ江戸時代には名古屋から九州まで広がり、明治維新後は東日本、北日本にも普及した。
- While separating into many groups, the school spread from Nagoya to Kyushu in Edo period, and even to eastern Japan and northern Japan after the Meiji Restoration.
- 日本古来の春の農耕儀礼に中国の大祀祈殻の要素を取り入れて、律令国家祭祀として成立したものと考えられている。
- Combined with the Chinese ceremony to pray for the good crop, the ancient Japanese ritual of agriculture in spring is deemed to have been renewed as the ritual of the nation under ritsuryo.
- しかし、この宮古路豊後掾に師事した常磐津文字太夫と富士松薩摩掾が数年後それぞれ常磐津節と富士松節を創始する。
- A few years later, however, Mojitayu TOKIWAZU and Fujimatsu Satsuma no jo, who were disciples of Miyakoji Bungo no jo, founded Tokiwazu-bushi and Fujimatsu-bushi, respectively.
- 乱取り稽古を行わない会派では、養神館合気道や岩間神信合氣修練会が積極的に護身術としての合気道を指導している。
- Among factions that don't practice randori, Yoshinkan aikido and Iwama-shinshin-aikishurenkai (Iwama school) actively teach aikido as an art of self-defense.
- なお、古いスタイルではたこ焼きを裏返さず、片面だけ焼き、たこ焼き器ごと裏返して、対となる鉄板の上にかぶせる。
- Old-style takoyaki is not turned over; you bake hemispheres of takoyaki, turn over Takoyaki-ki itself and make the two corresponding iron plates face each other.
- 稽古に使用する木刀の寸法は各流派により異なり、流派成立の際の脇差などの小刀の大きさが影響しているようである。
- The dimensions of wooden swords used in training depends on the school and seems to be determined by the sizes of the short swords used at the time each school was established.
- 「大和」は本来、奈良地方を指すが、同時に日本全体を示す古い言葉でもある(この場合、古くは「倭」とも書いた)。
- The term 'Yamato' (大和 in kanji (Chinese character) itself originally referred to the Nara district, and at the same time, it is an old word indicating the whole of Japan (in this case, the kanji '倭' was used in old times).
- 古代以来、構造は中心に柄と一体である「棒」を通し、扇部分の縁を「枠」によって素材を固定する例が多数を占める。
- Since ancient times, most Uchiwa fan have had a structure of one main center 'rod,' which also becomes a handle part, and a 'frame' for fixing the material, which shapes the outline of the fan part.
- 「ひじきを食べると長生きする」と古くから言われており敬老の日に因んで9月15日は「ひじきの日」となっている。
- It has been said traditionally that 'a person who eats hijiki lives longer,' and in connection with Respect-for-Senior-Citizens Day, September 15 is designated as Hijiki no Hi (Hijiki Day).
- 清の支配が安定してくると、実学よりも経書を始めとする古典を実証的に解明しようとする考証学が興るようになった。
- When control over Qing stabilized, instead of practical learning, the study of old documents, which attempted to empirically interpret classics such as Keisho, occurred.
- 主な流儀に遠州流、石州流、有楽流、上田宗箇流、鎮信流、不昧流、小笠原家茶道古流、御家流 (茶道)などがある。
- Major schools of buke sado include Enshu-ryu, Sekishu-ryu, Uraku-ryu, Uedasoko-ryu, Chinshin-ryu, Fumai-ryu, Ogasawarake-sado-koryu, and Oie-ryu (of tea ceremony).
- 陽成天皇の時代に完成したとも(『皇年代略』)、また寛平4年に巨勢金岡にえがかせたとも(『古今著聞集』)いう。
- It is said that paintings were completed in the period of Emperor Yozei (according to the 'Konendairyaku') or the Emperor had KOSE no Kanaoka to paint them in 892 (according to the 'Kokon Chomon ju' [a Collection of Tales Heard, Past and Present]).
- 寿司については、古代に東南アジア特にタイ王国やメコン川流域で発明された魚肉と米を合えて発酵されたものである。
- Boiled rice dressed with fish meat is fermented to make sushi, and this method was invented in Southeastern Asia, in particular, in the Kingdom of Thailand and in the Mekong River basin during ancient times.
- 台湾の古典的な日式咖哩飯は、肉や野菜の具が少なく片栗粉でトロミを付けた日本の昭和時代のカレーに近い料理である。
- Traditional Japanese golden curry rice (日式咖哩飯) in Taiwan is similar to the curries that had been made in the Showa period of Japan, containing fewer meat and vegetables and having viscosity made with Katakuriko (potato starch).
- これに対し「古管」あるいは「地無し管」と呼ぶ古いタイプの尺八は、管の内側に節による突起を残し、漆地も塗らない。
- In contrast to the shakuhachi fabricated using the above method, the bore of older shakuhachi called 'ko-kan' (literally, 'antique shakuhachi'), or 'ji-nashi-kan' (literally, 'shakuhachi without urushi-ji) are not coated with urushi-ji, and remnants of the joints often visible.
- 高野山でも古くは上記の伝統製法で作っていたが、時代が下るに従い製法に工夫が施され独自の製法が確立されていった。
- The above traditional process was used in the old days at Mt. Koya, but the process was altered in recent years, and a unique process has been established.
- 天正年間(1573~92年)に、堺の薬種商人が渡韓し線香の製法を導入製造したのが、日本最古の線香とされている。
- It is believed that Japanese Senko production was originated by a medicine merchant of Sakai who visited Korea during the Tensho era (1573 - 1592), and introduced the production technique and started production.
- 上述の本部朝基や屋部憲通などを例外とすれば、戦前は型が稽古の中心で、組手は型の簡単な分解を行うくらいであった。
- Before WWII, except for a handful of cases such as Choki MOTOBU (see above) and Kentsu YABU, the main menu of karate lessons was the practice of kata, and kumite was used only to analyze kata for quick review.
- また、字形の変化も後の爛熟期の古書に比べて乏しいが、線に、そして連綿線にこめられた厳しさ、緊張感は抜群である。
- Furthermore, variations in character shape are poorer than in the ancient calligraphy of the mature period, but the lines are full of intensity and tension.
- - 古い時代の遺跡としても有名で世界各地の海浜部でみられ文字通り、貝を中心とした食物残滓が堆積したものである。
- - Being well known as the remains of ancient times, shell mounds literally are piles of food waste consisting chiefly of shells, which are seen in coastal areas throughout the world.
- このような状況下で剣術を稽古する者は少なくなり、武道禁止解禁後も剣術は各流派道場でのみ行なわれるようになった。
- As the number of people who learn Kenjutsu decreased under such circumstances, Kenjutsu training was conducted only at training halls of schools even after the ban of Budo was lifted.
- 推古天皇10年(602年)に百済から学僧・観勒が暦本などを携えて来日し、帰化人系の子弟らにこれらを学習させた。
- In 602, Kanroku, a scholar monk, came to Japan from Baekje with calendar books and had the naturalized citizens' descendants study those books.
- 手事物という分類項目が使われたのは寛政元年 (1789年) に出版された「古今集成琴曲新歌袋」であるとされる。
- Tegotomono is said to have been firstly established as a classifying genre in 'Shin utabukuro' (the New Collection of Koto Music in History) published in 1789.
- 日本では埴輪に象られているが、ヨーロッパで発見された古代人類の通称アイスマンといわれる人も、矢筒を携帯していた。
- In Japan it is a design on Haniwa, and a primitive man discovered in Europe and called the iceman also had a quiver.
- 名古屋市、小田原市、山口市、伊勢市、岐阜県、京都市、徳島県、中津市、神戸市長田区、宮崎市などの名物となっている。
- It is a famous product in Nagoya City, Odawara City, Yamaguchi City, Ise City, Gifu Prefecture, Kyoto City, Tokushima Prefecture, Nakatsu City, Nagata Ward of Kobe City, Miyazaki City and elsewhere.
- しかし、弁当の販売店の中には「から揚げ」として売られているほか、日清製粉の「から揚げ粉」も古くから売られている。
- However, some bento (boxed lunch) shops have been selling products using the name 'karaage'; also, karaage powder named 'Karaageko' which is a product of Nisshin Seifun Inc., have been sold for some time.
- 推古天皇3年(595年)4月に淡路島に香木が漂着したのが沈香に関する最古の記録であり、沈香の日本伝来といわれる。
- Koboku dates back to May (April in the old lunar calendar) 595, when Jinsui koboku had washed ashore on Awaji-shima Island; this is the oldest historical reference to the koboku in Japanese culture.
- The most ancient description of Jinko is that a fragrant wood washed ashore on a beach on Awaji Island in May to June 595, and this is said to be the first introduction of Jinko to Japan.
- 漫才(まんざい)は、古来の萬歳を元に、日本の近畿地方で独自に発達したとされる、主に2人組で披露される演芸・話芸。
- Manzai or comic dialogue is a type of entertainment or talk show performed mainly by a comedy duo, which has been uniquely developed in Japan's Kinki region based upon the traditional form of manzai observed on New Year's Day.
- 古くは『釈日本紀』(卜部兼方 鎌倉時代中期)に引用された『備後国風土記』逸文の素盞嗚神社 (福山市) に見える。
- Looking at the past, Somin Shorai was founded in Susano-jinja Shrine (Fukuyama city) in itsubun (a composition previously existed but doesn't exist now) of 'Bingo-koku Fudoki' (regional gazetteers of Bingo Province) quoted in 'Shaku Nihongi;' an annotated text of the Nihon Shoki, (Kanekata URABE, during the middle of the Kamakura period).
- これを確認できる最古の文献上のかまぼこであるとして、業界団体がその数字をとって11月15日を蒲鉾の日としている。
- The industry group designates November 15 (1115) as Kamaboko Day because, currently, the date is regarded as the oldest date on which kamaboko appeared in the literature.
- 船越義珍の松濤館流も実質的には同程度古いが、この流派名は戦後の通称であり、船越自身は生涯流派名を名乗らなかった。
- The Shotokan-ryu school, which is associated with Gichin FUNAKOSHI, is actually as old as Motobu-ryu, but Funakoshi never identified himself with any organization (school) during his lifetime; the name 'Shotokan-ryu' was coined as a common term after WWII.
- 「生酒が古くなった」、「保存方法が正しくなかった」などの理由から、酵素の働きから生じる、むれたような猛烈な悪臭。
- Powerful stuffy malodor generated by action of enzyme due to 'namazake aging' or 'storing method was not proper.'
- その完成期までの古筆は特に上代様と称され、今日に至ってもかな書道古典の代表として多くの学書者の手本とされている。
- Ancient calligraphy up to the complete period is usually called jodaiyo and, because it represents classic calligraphy, it is still used today as a model by many learners.
- しかし、大衆レベルでの古典文化の喪失、名人の死去、後継者のレベル低下、娯楽の多様化などから、人気が衰えつつある。
- However due to loss of classic culture at the public level, the passing away of famous rakugo storytellers, degrading level of successors, and diversification of entertainment, it is getting less popular.
- 滑稽な絵という意味での「漫画」は、平安時代の絵巻物・『鳥獣人物戯画(鳥獣戯画)』が日本最古であると言われている。
- It is said that the oldest 'manga' in the sense of comical pictures in Japan was an emakimono (an illustrated scroll) called 'Choju Jinbutsu Giga (caricatures of frolicking birds, animals and humans)' painted in the Heian period.
- 握り飯またはおにぎりの方が歴史の古いという説もあり、それの女房言葉、もしくは丁寧語としておむすびという説もある。
- The other theory says that nigiri-meshi or onigiri has older history and omusubi is its word of court ladies or a formal word.
- - 密教塚とは疫病が流行った時に家や家財道具をすべて燃やして他の地へ移り住むということが、古くから行われていた。
- - In the past, when an epidemic broke out, people used to move to another place after burning their houses and belongings.
- 時代や社会階層や地域によって差があり、調理法も、古くから東アジア諸国、西洋などからの伝来を発祥とするものが多い。
- Nihon-ryori dishes depend on the era, social class or area, and many of the cooking methods originated in what was brought to Japan from East-Asian nations or from Europe.
- 日本泳法は決して「古い」泳法ではなく、現在でも有用・有益な泳法であり、古色を求めることに目的があるわけではない。
- Japanese swimming style is not an 'old' style but is a still useful and beneficial one in present time, and there is no purpose to be overly nostalgic.
- 古くには「ホシをつける=容疑者を推定する。ホシがつく=容疑が固まる」などの用法もあった(隠語辞典・東京堂出版)。
- Formerly, usage such as 'hoshi wo tsukeru = to presume a crime suspect, hoshi ga tsuku = to substantiate a charge' and so on existed (Cant Dictionary, Tokyodo Publishing Co., Ltd).
- 伝統的な食事形式で食さない種類の料理で成立年代が比較的古い、または調理形式が大部分が日本の調理法を使用する料理。
- Dishes that are not eaten in traditional eating etiquette and were developed in relatively old times, or dishes cooked mostly in Japanese cooking styles.
- これら現存する算額で最も古いものは栃木県佐野市にある星宮神社 (佐野市)にあり、1657年に掲げられたとされる。
- The oldest existing sangaku is the one known to be dedicated in 1657 in Hoshinomiya-jinja Shrine in Sano City, Tochigi Prefecture.
- 古くは、木のこずえに神が宿ると考えられていたことから、門松は年神を家に迎え入れるための依代という意味合いがある。
- The significance of the kadomatsu is that it is an object where the gods reside for welcoming the god of the incoming year home because the gods were believed to reside in treetops.
- また、千鳥の曲の手事における自然描写は、古い時代の抽象的なものよりも自由で、どちらかといえば印象的な作りである。
- The description of nature in tegoto of Chidori no Kyoku is freer and rather impressive than abstract ones in older ages.
- 曲の中間にまとまった器楽部分をもつ地歌曲は、すでに地歌最古の種目である「組歌」の「乱後夜」「晴嵐」にも見られる。
- Jiuta songs which have a cohesive instrumental part at the middle of the songs were seen in 'Rangoya' and 'Seiran' which were 'kumiuta' (koto suites of songs) that were the oldest kind of jiuta.
- 海岸、河原、湿原などに生息し、古くから浜辺や河原の風物詩として親しまれ、「波に千鳥」などの図柄、紋でも知られる。
- They live on the coast, riverbank, or wetland, having been popular as a special feature on the beach and riverbank since ancient ages and known as a pattern of 'Nami ni Chidori' (plover on the wave).
- 合気会系の道場では一般的に、稽古の始まりに盛平の考案による「合気体操」と呼ばれる鍛錬法を行うのが慣例となっている。
- In Aikikai-affiliated dojo, at the start of training it is customary to perform a method of discipline called 'aiki taiso,' as invented by Morihei.
- このため、古代には赤米を蒸したものを神に供える風習があったようである(現在でもこの風習は各地の神社に残っている)。
- Accordingly, in ancient times people were reportedly accustomed to offering steamed red-kernelled rice to the deity, and even today this custom is practiced by shrines in various regions.
- 吹合所の指南役であった初代琴古は、これらの曲の譜字のや習曲順の整理を行い、宗教音楽をはなれた琴古流の基礎を築いた。
- As head instructor at the fukiawase-dokoro, Kinko KUROSAWA set the pieces he had gathered to notation and established an order in which the repertoire of honkyoku was to be studied, as well as laid the foundation enabling the Kinko school to later adapt the shakuhachi to secular music.
- 日本古来からある食べ物らしく、砂糖の無い時代、小豆本来の持つ甘みを楽しむために考案された料理の一つと言われている。
- It seems that shiruko has been in existence since ancient times in Japan and it is said to be one of the dishes conceived in days before sugar became available to enjoy the natural sweetness of red beans.
- 竹刀(しない)は、日本の武道である剣道の稽古および試合で防具 (剣道)に対して打突する竹でできた刀の代替品である。
- Shinai is a substitute sword made of bamboo used in the Japanese martial art of kendo for training or for hitting or pushing against armor (Kendo) in tournaments.
- しかし、実際にはもっと古く、周や漢の時代には既に散楽と呼ばれる民間の俗楽(古散楽)が行われていたとも言われている。
- Actually, however, it is believed that worldly music (old Sangaku) called Sangaku existed as early as the Zhou or Han era.
- しかし、宋の天下が安定した仁宗 (宋)期になると、唐末の古文復興運動が共感され、漢唐時代は否定されるようになった。
- However, when Song stabilized during the Jinso (Renzong) period, the old text revival movement at the end of Tang raised sympathy, and the Han and Tang era began being denied.
- 速水宗達は、代々御典医を務めて速水彦達と呼ばれた家に生まれたが、古義堂に学んで漢学や国学に深く通じた学者となった。
- Sotatsu HAYAMI who was born in the family of Hikotatsu HAYAMI, a successor of the job as goten-i (a doctor hired by a family of shogun or other feudal lord,) became acquainted with kangaku (the study of Chinese classics) and kokugaku (study of ancient Japanese literature and culture) by studying them at Kogido (a private tutoring shoool to teach Confucianism by Jinsai ITO in Kyoto).
- しかし近年の懐古趣味であるちょっとしたレトロブームに乗って、中には新築で宮型造りの銭湯が建てられる物件もでてきた。
- However, taking advantage of the recent retro-trendiness of a nostalgic longing for the 'good old days,' some properties have been remodeled into shrine-shaped sento.
- カツオ自体は古くから日本人の食用となっており、縄文時代にはすでに食べられていた形跡がある(青森県の八戸遺跡など)。
- Bonito has been eaten by the Japanese since ancient times, and there is evidence showing that people ate it as long ago as the Jomon period (as exemplified by the Hachinohe ruins in Aomori Prefecture).
- 醸造年度を越して出荷されるという意味では、ほんらい古酒に区分されることになるが、慣行的に新酒の一種として扱われる。
- Based on the fact that it is shipped one year after being brewed, it should be classified as koshu, but it is treated customarily as a type of shinshu.
- - 蒙古塚とは蒙古襲来のときに戦場や戦いにおいて亡くなった蒙古の人々を埋葬し弔いや荒ぶる神にならないよう祀った塚。
- - Mokozuka is a mound at which Mongolians perished in battle fields or killed in action during the Mongolian invasion were buried for the repose of their souls so that they would not become violent gods.
- 北辰一刀流剣術・神道無念流剣術・心形刀流・鏡心明智流・天然理心流剣術等、新興の試合稽古重視の流派が各地に誕生した。
- Schools which placed emphasis on training matches, such as Hokushin Itto-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinto Munen-ryu Kenjutsu, Shinkageto-ryu School, Kyoshin Meichi-ryu School and Tennen Rishin-ryu Kenjutsu, were established in various places.
- このほか、有名な胡弓本曲に『蝉の曲 (名古屋系・吉沢検校作曲)』、『岡安砧』 (藤植流・作曲者不詳) などがある。
- In addition, 'Semi no uta' (a song of cicadas) (composed by Kengyo YOSHIZAWA, and handed down in the Nagoya line) and 'Okayasu-ginuta' (handed down in the Fujiue school, but its composer is unknown) are famous Honkyoku of Kokyu.
- 豊後節のやわらかさと江戸古浄瑠璃の豪壮さを取混ぜた独特の風情を持っており、江戸らしい気風のよさを感じることができる。
- It has a unique flavor because it combines the softness of Bungo-bushi and the dynamism of Edo old Joruri, and from it one can sense an Edo-like generousness.
- これは、海沿いと異なり魚からのタンパク質摂取が難しいことから、昆虫を食用とした古い文化が残存したという考え方がある。
- This is thought to be because people in high mountain areas regarded insects as food, due to the difficulty in obtaining protein from fish, in contrast to those living on the seacoast.
- 正月に餅料理を食する慣習は古代より「歯固」の儀式と結びついた形で存在しており、それと関連して発生したと見られている。
- The custom of eating mochi dishes in the New Year has been associated with the ceremony of 'Hagatame' (strengthening teeth) since ancient times, and this is considered to have given rise to zoni.
- 例えば、古文家の柳開は「孔子 - 孟子 - 荀子 - 揚雄 - 韓愈」の系譜を提出し、石介はこれに隋の王通を加えた。
- For example, an old text expert, Liu Kai, presented a genealogy of 'Koshi - Moshi - Junshi (Xun Zi) - Yo Yu (Yang Xiong) - Kan Yu (Han Yu),' and Seki Kai added O To of Sui to this.
- 古くは奈良時代、718年に出された「賦役令」(現代の法人税法施行令に相当)の中に「山葵」(わさび)の名前が見られる。
- In ancient times, the word 'wasabi' appeared in 'Fuyaku ryo (tax structure)' (the equivalent of Enforcement Order of Corporation Tax Act), which was issued in 718 during the Nara period.
- 秋の、野の花が咲き乱れる野原を「花野」(はなの)といい、花野を散策して短歌や俳句を詠むことが、古来より行われていた。
- The autumn field, where wildflowers bloom, is called 'Hanano' (flower field), and since early times people would walk around the field and compose Tanka (poems of 31 syllables) or Haiku (poems of 17 syllables).
- なお居合道、杖道では全日本剣道連盟居合の制定居合形、全日本剣道連盟杖道の制定杖道形に対し、各流派の形を古流とも呼ぶ。
- Moreover, in iaido (the art of drawing the Japanese sword) and jodo (a form of martial art using a cane staff) the regular iai form of the All Japan Kendo Federation Iai and the regular jodo form of the All Japan Kendo Federation Jodo are provided respectively, and for both of them the forms of each school are also called koryu.
- またこの時期に竹刀の元になった袋竹刀やひきはだ撓と呼ばれる道具が各流派の稽古に使われるようになったと考えられている。
- It is thought that fukuro shinai (bamboo sword covered with a bag) and hikihada shinai (toad-skin bamboo sword), the origin of shinai (bamboo sword), came to be used for training around that time.
- 胴は内地の胡弓と異なって椀型になっており(古くは椰子の実を二つに割って胴にした)、三線と同様にニシキヘビの皮を張る。
- The trunk is made in the shape of a bowl, being different from that of Kokyu in the main islands of Japan (in olden times, the trunk was made by splitting the nut of coconut palms into halves), and the leather of a python is used for covering the trunk as those for Sanshin (Okinawan traditional three-stringed instrument).
- ちなみに、この演目が歌舞伎で上演される場合は、阿古屋を演ずる女形が3つの楽器を実際に演奏することが通例となっている。
- Incidentally, when this program is played in Kabuki, it is customary that the male actor playing the female role of Akoya actually plays the three instruments.
- 古典的な神楽に、大陸からの渡来芸が加わったものとされ、民衆の中から生まれた踊りに較べて専門的技能を要するものである。
- Mai is said to be classical kagura (shinto music and dance) with the addition of arts introduced from China and requires specialist techniques as compared with the dances (odori) originating from the common people.
- 型稽古とは、技をかける方(取り)、かけられる方(受け)を予め決めておき、互いにある程度わかった動きを行う稽古法である。
- Kata training is a method in which the attacker (tori) and defender (uke) are predetermined, and movements somewhat known to both parties are performed.
- 楽器編成は古くは三弦、箏、胡弓の組み合わせが一般的であったが、箏、胡弓、尺八といった組み合わせの三曲合奏も行なわれた。
- The common instrumental trio was sangen (shamisen), koto and kokyu, but occasionally it was koto, kokyu and shakuhachi.
- 一般的に古典的な中国の音楽にて使用されるが、現代中国のロックミュージシャン何勇(He Yong)が使用したこともある。
- Generally, the sanxian is used in classical Chinese music, but it has also been used by He Yong, a rock musician of today's China.
- 平安時代に編纂された辞書「和名類聚抄」には「小蛸魚 知比佐岐太古 一云須流米」(ちひさきたこ するめともゐふ)とある。
- In the 'Wamyoruiji-sho,' the dictionary compiled in the Heian period, there is a definition which reads, 'Small octopus meaning surumeika and yariika. Also referred to as surume.'
- 砂糖が貴重品だった時代の名残ともいわれるが、古い時代の卓袱料理の献立では汁粉以外の菓子類等が出されており、確証は無い。
- It is said that Ume Wan is a legacy from times when sugar was a precious commodity, but according to the menus of the Shippoku Cuisine in ancient times, some sweets other than shiruko were also served; hence this opinion remains inconclusive.
- 七五三、入学式、卒業式、成人式、送別会、還暦・古希・喜寿・傘寿・米寿・卒寿・白寿、若衆宿、元服、隠居、出家・得度・剃髪
- Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the health and growth of young children), entrance ceremony, graduation ceremony, coming-of-age celebration, farewell party, Kanreki (the celebration of a person's 60th birthday), Koki (the celebration of a person's 70th birthday), Kiju (the celebration of a person's 77th birthday), Sanju (the celebration of a person's 80th birthday), Beiju (the celebration of a person's 88th birthday), Sotsuju (the celebration of a person's 90th birthday) and Hakuju (the celebration of a person's 99th birthday), Wakashuyado (a kind of house in a village for wakashu (young people) to stay or work together), Genpuku (coming-of-age ceremony for boys), retirement, and becoming a priest, Tokudo (enter the Buddhist priesthood) and Teihatsu (tonsure)
- 中世の『ハッティンの戦い』は重装歩兵に対し弓騎兵が執拗な攻撃をしかけ敵の戦意を喪失させる事で勝った古典的な事例である。
- 'The Battle of Hattin' in the Medieval period is a classic example of archery cavalry soldiers attacking heavily armed foot soldiers persistently so that they would not want to fight any more and they won the battle.
- 後漢になると、古文経が学官に立てられることはなかったものの、民間において経伝の訓詁解釈学を発展させて力をつけていった。
- In the later Han, Kobun-kei was never assigned as gakkan, but they gained influence by advancing the study on interpretation of the meaning of old characters, words and phrases of the sacred texts among ordinary citizens.
- 嘉永6年刊行の『江戸寿那古細見記』に「豊国にがほ(似顔絵)、国芳むしや(武者絵)、広重めいしよ(名所絵)」と書かれた。
- 'Edo sunako saisenki' published in 1853 described 'Toyokuni Nigao (Nigaoe), Kuniyoshi Musha (Mushae) and Hiroshige Meisho (Meishoe).'
- 光崎検校は古い箏曲を見直し、組歌と段物を組み合わせた「秋風の曲」や、複雑精緻な高低二重奏曲である「五段砧」を作曲した。
- After looking over the old sokyoku, Kengyo MITSUZAKI composed 'Akikaze no kyoku' (Song of the Autumn Wind) which combined kumiuta, danmono, and 'Godanginuda,' a kind of koto duet music that makes use of high and low-pitched sounds to produce a sophisticated and delicate melody.
- 鰹節についての古くからの常識が忘れられた時代となり、カビの生えた節が高級品であることを知らない者が世間の多数となった。
- Today, the common knowledge about katsuobushi from many years ago is forgotten, and most of the public aren't aware that fungus-covered fushi is a luxury.
- 海苔と同じく、古くから日本人に親しまれてきた海藻であり、『万葉集』にも「和海藻(にぎめ)」として百首近く残されている。
- Seaweed has been familiar to Japanese through the ages as well as laver, and in fact nearly 100 poems in 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) contain the word 'nigime' (Japanese marine alga).
- 最古の空手流派は、本部朝基が大正時代に命名した日本伝流兵法本部拳法(本部流)が、文献上確認できるものとしては最も古い。
- The oldest school that can be found in documents is 'Nihon Denryu Heiho Motobu Kenpo' (Japan's traditional tactics of Motobu Kenpo), or the Motobu-ryu school, which were named in the Taisho period by Choki MOTOBU.
- 沖縄空手の特徴としては、古流空手同様、伝統的な型稽古や鍛錬法の重視、また武器術や取手術の併伝などを挙げることができる。
- Like koryu karate, Okinawa karate is characterized by practice of traditional kata, emphasis on traditional exercise methods, and the complementary use of buki-jutsu (art of weapons) and toitee-jutsu (grappling).
- 愛媛県は瀬戸内海を挟んだ広島県との古くからの交流の影響もあり、広島風お好み焼きを提供する店舗も近年は増加してきている。
- In Ehime Prefecture, which has interacted with Hiroshima Prefecture across the Seto Inland Sea from long ago, the shops which serve Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki have increased recently.
- 古代の神道いわゆる古神道は、もともとアニミズム・シャーマニズム的要素を持っており、世界宗教以前の民族宗教に分類される。
- The Shinto in ancient times, so-called Ancient Shinto, originally had elements of animism and shamanism, and was categorized into a racial religion before the world religion.
- ただし多くの場合形稽古が中心であり、試合稽古は技が乱れる、理合の習得が出来ない等の理由によりあまり行われていなかった。
- However, these implements were used mainly in the performance of kata (a fixed sequence of moves) training, and were seldom employed in training matches on the grounds that skills could be eroded and that learning riai (the skill of being able to seize a chance to strike) was impossible.
- 推古天皇が「太刀ならば句礼(中国の呉)の真鋤(刀剣の意味)」と詠っているように、古代は大陸からの輸入品が主流であった。
- As the Emperor Suiko said 'masasabi (swords) produced in Kure (Wu-southern part of ancient China) are the best', swords imported from China were mainly used during ancient times.
- しかし『古事記』と『日本書紀』に服の図は書かれていないし、現存する当時の資料が極めて少ないため、わからないことが多い。
- But as neither 'Kojiki' nor 'Nihonshoki' provide designs of clothes, and few source materials about the periods remain, clothes during the Kofun period are mostly unknown.
- 皮は一般にネコの腹を使用していたが、高価な事と生産量の減少により現在は稽古用など全体の7割程度が犬の皮を使用している。
- Although the abdominal skin of cats had been generally used, because of its high price and decline in production, nowadays dog skin is used for practice shamisen and others, accounting for seventy-percent of the total.
- 天雅彦とも表記し、霊力を持つ天麻迦古弓(あめのまかごゆみ)という弓と、天羽々矢(あめのはばや)という矢を携えた弓矢の神。
- Amenowakahiko (天若日子) is also written as 天雅彦 and the god of Yumiya who has Amenomakagoyumi (bow) and Amenohabaya (arrow) with spiritual powers.
- 宗教的な儀式性と健康法を結びつけ、それを稽古の目的の一つとしていることも、他の武道には余り見られないユニークな点である。
- Another unique point rarely seen in other martial arts is that aikido links its religious ceremonial nature with physical fitness and positions it as one of the purposes of training.
- これらのことは、的屋と香具師の繋がりが示されるとともに、的屋が日本古来の薬の神を信仰しなかった、要因の一つと考えられる。
- This is one of the main reasons why tekiya, as well as being considered to be connected to yashi, do not follow traditional Japanese deities of medicine.
- カシワの葉は新芽が育つまでは古い葉が落ちないことから、「子孫繁栄(家系が途切れない)」という縁起をかついだものとされる。
- Since oak leaves do not fall until the shoots grow, it is seen as a sign of 'fertility and family prosperity (continuation of the family line).'
- 隋末混乱期に散佚した経書を収集・校定し、貞観 (唐)7年(633年)には顔師古が五経を校定した『五経定本』が頒布された。
- Gathering and revising the Keisho which were lost during the turmoil at the end of the Sui Dynasty, 'Standard Text for the Five Classics,' which was a revision of the Five Classics by Gan Shiko (Yan Shigu) were distributed in 633.
- 采女装束(うねめしょうぞく)とは、全国の豪族から選抜されて天皇の給仕係などとして上古の宮中に勤めた女官である采女の衣装。
- Uneme costume is a costume for Uneme, a court lady selected among Gozoku (local ruling families) who served in the inner palace as a waiting staff of the emperor in ancient times.
- 古くから酒米として全国的に高い評価を得てきた在来種「八反」には、収量性が低く、脱粒性も易、粒も小さいなどの難点があった。
- Hattan,' as a local variety that had been highly accepted nationwide as sakamai since the old times, had weak points such as low yield and small grains that fell off easily.
- 日本では、一般には単に酒(さけ)またはお酒(おさけ)、日本古語では酒々(ささ)、僧の隠語で般若湯(はんにゃとう)と呼ぶ。
- In Japan, it is called in general simply 'sake' or 'osake,' and 'sasa' in old Japanese and 'hannyato' in jargon of Buddhism priests.
- 日本で特に繍仏が広まったのは寺や仏像が盛んに作られた推古天皇の時代であり、日本でも繍仏の製作が広く行われるようになった。
- The production of shubutsu spread in Japan under the reign of Empress Suiko, in which temples and statues of Buddha were actively constructed.
- - 庖丁塚とは使い古されたり使えなくなってしまった包丁に感謝を込めて埋めたり、包丁捌きの技術の向上祈願して建てられた塚。
- - Hocho-zuka was erected to bury old worn knives to express appreciation for many years of service and to pray for improving skills in using knives for cooking.
- 上記のように春の象徴・花の代名詞として和歌によく歌われるほか、俳句の世界でも、古くから春の季語として桜が用いられてきた。
- As mentioned above, it was often written in waka poems as a symbol of spring and pronoun for flower, and also in haiku world it has been used as a season word of spring from long ago.
- そのためか一般受けせず、新古今組は吉沢の直系以外ではほとんど演奏されないが、このスタイルを踏襲した京極流箏曲も存在した。
- For this or another reason, Shinkokin-gumi is seldom played by musicians out of the direct line of Yoshizawa, but there was Kyogoku school of koto music that followed this style.
- 「三味線組歌」と「箏組歌」があり、それぞれ地歌、箏曲においてもっとも古い楽曲形式であるとともに、それぞれの本曲でもある。
- There are 'shamisen kumiura' and 'koto kumiuta,' each being the oldest music style and the honkyoku (traditional Japanese music) in jiuta and koto music.
- 『古事記』の品陀和氣命(応神天皇)の別名は、大鞆和気命とありその由来は誕生時に腕の肉が鞆のようになっていたことよるという。
- In the 'Kojiki' the other name of Homudawake no mikoto (Emperor Ojin) is described as Otomowake no mikoto originating from the fact that the muscle of his arm had been like tomo (a tool for Yumiya).
- これは、古来からの菩提寺と檀家の関係が現代まで引き継がれた結果のもので、純粋な宗教行事というより、習俗化したものといえる。
- This resulted from the fact that a relationship between a family temple and a Buddhist parishioner was continued from ancient times to modern times, and is considered to have been popularized and have become a custom rather than just as a pure religious event.
- 江戸時代は捕縛術としてそのような技術を中心に据えているような印象を与える流派も多く、かつそれは古流柔術全体の特徴でもある。
- Secondly, many schools in the Edo period seem to have centered on hobaku-jutsu, and this characteristic applies to the whole koryu jujutsu.
- 弘化年間頃に、古筆家から江戸幕府におさめられ、明治維新の際に焼失したと思われていたが、はしなくも徳川公爵に秘蔵されていた。
- An expert in old writing contributed it to the Edo bakufu around the Koka Period, and it was believed that it had been burn out during the Meiji Restoration, however it turned out that it was secretly deposited under Prince Tokugawa.
- 「巻き錐」とは、紐巻上げ式で、神社の儀式で神火をおこすときに使われることでも知られる日本古来から使われてきた火熾しである。
- A screw gimlet' is a roll-up string type, known to be used to make fire since ancient times in Japan, to create a sacred flame for a ceremony at a shrine.
- この日の行事について書かれた最も古い文献は後漢時代の崔寔が書いた『四民月令』であり、書物を虫干しにしたことが記されている。
- The oldest literature which mentioned the events held on this day was 'Simin yueling' (book on agricultural work), a book written by Cui Shi in the Later term of the Western Han period, and according to it, people aired out books on the day.
- 7代好古斎の時に幕末を迎え、鳥羽・伏見の戦いで京都東洞院通押小路通にあった家を焼失したため、名古屋に移住することになった。
- At the end of Edo period, then-current head Kokosai had to emigrate his family to Nagoya due to a fire caused by the Battle of Toba and Fushimi who burned his residence at Oshinokoji-dori street, Higashinotoin-dori street, Kyoto.
- 好古斎の長男は松尾流を継ぐべく大徳寺狐篷庵で禅の修行をしたのだが、一旦は名古屋に戻ったもののとうとう禅僧となってしまった。
- The eldest son of Kokosai performed ascetic practices of Zen at Kohoan, Daitoku-ji Temple, in order to succeed the Matsuo-ryu school, but, once he returned to Nagoya after Zen practices, he became a Zen priest.
- 浮薄を戒め千利休時代の茶風を留めているとされるが、これは武野紹鴎・利休の侘び茶に古田重然の武家茶の影響をいれたものである。
- It keeps the style of tea ceremony in the period of SEN no Rikyu, emphasizing avoidance of frivolousness; it is the mix of wabicha (literally, 'poverty tea style'; known as the tea ceremony) led by Jouou TAKENO/Rikyu with an influence of tea manners of samurai family led by Shigenari/Shigeteru FURUTA.
- 鳥取では維新後に小川幸逸の門下の古田貞が鳥取技芸女学校(現・鳥取敬愛高等学校)を設立し教科として教えたことにより広まった。
- In Tottori, the Oguchi-ha spread because Sada FURUTA, who was a student of Koitsu OGAWA, founded Tottori Gigei Jogakko (Tottori girls' school of practical art, now Tottori Keiai High School) and taught tea ceremony as a subject.
- 紡錘形から円錐形まで形状・大きさとも一様ではなく、材質は軽量、硬質な木材など、古くは海藻の根を乾燥させたものが使用された。
- It varied in size and in shape; from a fusiform to conical shapes; it is made of light or hard lumber, and dried seaweed roots were used in ancient times.
- 日本でも古くはこれに従ったが、普通は「弾き物 (弦楽器)」「吹き物 (管楽器)」「打ち物 (打楽器)」に分けることが多い。
- For this reason, even in Japan musical instruments were once referred to as 'Hachion,' but now they're commonly classified into three categories: 'Hajikimono' (stringed instruments), 'Fukimono' (wind instruments) and 'Uchimono' (percussion instruments).
- 簡潔さの中にこそ美があり、そこにこそ魂、霊が宿り、神や仏に近づくという日本古来の美意識、思想が音に反映された現れといえる。
- It can be said that this resulted from the traditional Japanese esthetic philosophy, in which the idea that only simplicity can provide beauty, only simplicity can foster the soul and spirit, and only through simplicity people can approach God or Buddha, was reflected in the sound of music.
- 刀自とは、日本古語では戸主(とぬし)といい、家事一般をとりしきる主婦のことを指し、働く男を指したという刀禰の対語にあたる。
- The term 'toji' (刀自) represented an archaic Japanese word 'tonushi' (written as 戸主 in Japanese) which meant a housewife who managed all housekeeping duties, and this word was an antonym of the word 'tone,' written as 刀禰 in Japanese, which represented a male worker.
- また、中山博道・羽賀準一の流れを汲む一剣会羽賀道場や日本剣道協会では、戦前のままの足払いや投げ技も有効な稽古を行っている。
- Ikkenkai Haga dojo and Nihon Kendo Kyokai, both descended from Hiromichi NAKAYAMA and Junichi HAGA, are still using ashibarai and nagewaza in training as they did in the prewar period.
- 幕末に名古屋、京都で活躍した盲人音楽家、吉沢検校(二世・1800年(寛政12年) - 1872年(明治5年))が作曲した。
- The song was composed by Yoshizawa Kengyo (second generation; 1800 - 1872), a blind musician who flourished in Nagoya and Kyoto in the end of Edo period.
- 女児が健やかに育つようにという願いを込めて行われる神事であり、古くは奈良時代から続く、公家の間で行われた神事や遊戯であった。
- Hanetsuki was a Shinto ritual performed in the hope of girls' healthy growth, and was a Shinto ritual or game which had been played among court nobles since the Nara period.
- したがって、日本古来の清めと穢れの価値観の上に中華文明の風俗習慣が入って来たことによって明確な区別が無くなったとの説もある。
- Therefore, there is a theory that says that the manners and customs of Chinese civilization were superposed onto the ancient Japanese values of pure and impure, hence losing a clear distinction.
- 技術の向上とともに、寒さに耐えながら稽古をやり遂げることで、精神の鍛錬をするという目的にも重きをおかれて行われるものである。
- By carrying out training while enduring coldness, it aims not only to improve skills but also to discipline one's mind.
- また特殊な例として、古代に堆積した植物が亜炭に変化する際の熱によって温泉となったモール泉が北海道の十勝川温泉などに存在する。
- As the exceptional case, a moor hot spring, with water that was heated by the reaction of heat generated when ancient sedimentary plants turned into brown coal, exists at Tokachigawa-Onsen Hot Spring in Hokkaido.
- 以降も、町人文化に対応した三千家とは対照的に、西本願寺に加えて武家との交わりを重ねて華美を戒め古儀に徹しながら幕末を迎える。
- In contrast with the Sansenke, which went along with merchant culture, the Yabunouchi-ryu remained close to samurai families, as well as Nishi Hongan-ji Temple, and focused on avoiding pomp and maintaining ancient rites to the end of Edo Period.
- この生田流系はまた多くの派に分かれつつ、幕末までに京、大阪を中心にして、名古屋から中国、九州まで広く行なわれるようになった。
- Also this Ikuta school again divided itself into several groups, spreading out and from its base in Kyoto and Osaka and eventually reaching Nagoya, Chugoku and Kyushu.
- 古くは褐色をしていたが、製法の向上により色が淡い褐色になったことから白みりん・白味醂(しろみりん)とも呼ばれるようになった。
- Ancient mirin was brown in color but improvements in manufacturing methods mean that modern mirin has a pale brown color, which has caused to be called 'shiromirin' (lit. white mirin).
- 三色紙(さんしきし)とは、『継色紙』、『寸松庵色紙』、『升色紙』の総称であり、平安時代屈指の「かな書」の名筆(古筆)である。
- San-shikishi is a collective term for the 'Tsugi-shikishi' (spliced shikishi), 'Sunshoan-shikishi,' and 'Masu-shikishi' (square shishiki) and is one of the best examples of 'kana-gaki' (writing in kana, as opposed to Chinese characters) calligraphy from the Heian period.
- 他、赤飯に胡麻塩をふりかけるのは単なる味付けのみならず、古い時代に小豆粥に他の穀物を入れたのと同様であったと考えられている。
- In addition, sprinkling sesame and salt on sekihan is considered not only as seasoning but also as a reflection of an old days' act of adding other grains to azuki-gayu.
- 羊祐以下倪寛までの8人は『年中行事』の図にもとづき、蘧伯玉、虞世南の2人は孔門弟子の図と十八学士のなかから選考し復古させた。
- Similarly, 8 sages from Yoyu through Geikan had been revived based on the 'Nenju Gyoji Emaki' (Picture Scrolls of Annual Functions), and Boyu QU and Shinan YU as well based on the paintings of Confucian student and the 18 graduates of literature museum, Bungakukan.
- 古神道や神道において、神霊は二つ(四魂という考えもある)の様相を持ち荒御魂(あらみたま)・和御魂(にぎみたま)ともいわれる。
- In the Ancient Shinto and Shinto teachings, it is considered that there are two aspects (or four spirits according to another philosophy) of a divine spirit known as Aramitama (wrathful divine spirit) and Nigimitama (peaceful divine spirit).
- - 人形塚とは古くなったり飾ることが出来なくなった人形を感謝して埋めたり、身代わりとして厄を落とす祈願をした人形を埋めた塚。
- - Ningyo-zuka is a mound where old worn dolls were buried in appreciation for the enjoyment that they offered to their owners and also where dolls are buried as substitutes for people in hope to protect them from evils.
- 「みそか」は本来は「三十日」の古い表現(ふつか、みっか、…と続く先にある言葉)だが、実際の日付にかかわらず月の最終日を指す。
- Misoka,' was originally an old way of saying '三十日,' literally means the 30th day, but it came to mean the last day of the month regardless of its actual date.
- 手軽な庶民食、米食の代用食として、また祝い事に際して振る舞われる「ハレとケ」の食物として、古くから日本全国で食べられてきた。
- Regarding Udon noodles as simple everyday dishes, substitutes for boiled rice, and foods of 'hare and ke' (unusual events and daily events) served at festive events, Japanese people nationwide have eaten them from ancient times.
- 詩吟は数ある「古典芸能」の中の1つであるが、現代のいわゆる「芸能人」たちの中にも、詩吟と関わっている人は少なからず存在する。
- Shigin is one of many 'classical performing arts,' but many of so-called 'geinojin' (entertainer) in present-day engage in shigin.
- 古くは自生のものを採取、利用していたが、江戸時代に現在の静岡市葵区有東木(うとうぎ)地区に住む村人が、野生のわさびを栽培した。
- Although people picked and used wild wasabi in the old days, the villagers of what is now Utogi, Aoi Ward, Shizuoka City, started to cultivate wasabi in the Edo period.
- 火入れの技法は、室町時代に書かれた醸造技術書『御酒之日記』にもすでに記載され、中古から畿内を中心に行なわれていたことがわかる。
- The hiire technique was already described in 'Goshu no Nikki' (literally, 'diary of sake'), which is the technical guidebook for sake brewing written during the Muromachi period and we can know that this technique was used since the medieval times in the area centering on the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara).
- 現存で最も古い楽曲としては、江戸時代初期に完成されたと考えられる「三味線組歌」がある (「琉球組」「飛騨(ひんだ)組」など)。
- The oldest group of songs that still exist is 'shamisen kumiuta' (for example, 'Ryukyu gumi' (Ryukyu group) and 'Hinda gumi' (Hinda group)), which was completed early in the Edo period.
- 扇面法華経冊子(せんめんほけきょうさっし)または扇面古写経(せんめんこしゃきょう)は、大阪市・四天王寺に伝来した装飾経の遺品。
- The Senmen Hokekyo Sasshi or Senmen Koshakyo is a collection of fan-shaped articles decorated with sutras that has been passed down by Shitenno-ji Temple in Osaka.
- 初代橘ノ圓都、3代目笑福亭福松、桂右之助、桂文團治4代目、桂南天、桂文蝶、三升家紋三郎ら引退同然だった古老に噺の伝授を乞うた。
- They learned traditional comic stories from the following elders who were as good as retired: TACHIBANA no Ento I, Fukumatsu SHOFUKUTEI III, Unosuke KATSURA, Bundanji KATSURA IV, Nanten KATSURA, Buncho KATSURA, Monzaburo MIMASUYA.
- だし汁ではなく湯で煮込んで熱くしたコンニャクに甘い味噌ダレを付けて食べる淡白な食品で、古い時代の煮込み田楽の遺風を残している。
- This is a plain dish of konjac which is boiled with water, instead of soup stock, and is eaten with sweet Misodare (miso-based dip), retaining the old tradition (and custom) of Nikomi Dengaku.
- 武術(古武道)の様々な流派は、戦国時代 (日本)において形成されたものは少なく、多くがむしろ戦乱の収まった江戸時代に発展した。
- Looking over at the various schools of bujutsu (kobudo), a few of them were formed in the Sengoku Period (Japan), and many were developed during the Edo period rather than the previous one, when the chaos of wars had already been over.
- 現在では古来のままの伝授形式を墨守している流派は少なくなり、現代武道的な段位制度や集団指導方法を取り入れている流派も存在する。
- Nowadays, very few schools adhere to the time-honored initiation form, and there exist some schools that have adopted the dan grading system or the group-class lesson method like gendai budo.
- したがって、流派としては、地歌や箏曲の生田流に対応するものは流派を名乗っていないが大きく分けて大阪系、京都系、名古屋系がある。
- Therefore, although there is no named school, the three large lines of the Osaka line, the Kyoto line and the Nagoya line exist correspondingly to the Ikuta school for Jiuta songs and So music.
- いずれにしても、他の料理と同じく「日本料理」も、古来の伝統保守の傾向とともに異国料理との混合や相互影響を受ける面を持っている。
- Anyhow, 'nihon-ryori dishes,' as well as other dishes, have the aspect of affecting and being affected by foreign dishes in addition to maintaining tradition from ancient times.
- 近畿地方以外では、名古屋市など中京地方でどて煮とともに串カツを供する店で頼めば、どて煮の八丁味噌の煮汁に串カツを浸けてくれる。
- Outside the Kinki region, in the Chukyo region including Nagoya City, if you order a kushikatsu at a bar that serves both kushikatsu and dote-ni (cow line meat stewed in miso, sugar and sake), the kushikatsu will be served dipped in the dote-ni broth flavored with hatcho miso (bean paste).
- 例えば、『源氏物語』などの古文では、「琴」は、この項で説明している琴(きん)のほかに、箏、琵琶などすべての撥弦楽器を指している。
- For instance, in ancient writing such as 'Genji Monogatari,' 'Koto' indicates all plucked string instruments such as 'So (箏) no Koto' and Biwa (a four-string Japanese lute) besides 'Kin (琴) no Koto,' which is explained in this paragraph.
- 古くは寺社などの神託を受けて商品ではなく縁起物を振舞うことを生業とし、その謝意として祝儀を受け取る祭りには欠かせない、職である。
- The Lotus Leaf Trade were businesses that were asked by shrines and temples to sell holy good luck charms, rather than merchandise, receiving in return gifts of gratitude, and as such were indispensible for festivals.
- また遊郭や遊女は古くは禊(みそぎ)や祓い(はらい)と言った神事でもあり、それは「渡り巫女」などの存在からも窺い知ることが出来る。
- In addition, licensed quarters and prostitutes were originally related to Shinto purification and exorcism rites, as can be discerned from the existence of 'watari miko' (shrine maidens who were also prostitutes and who traveled around performing purification rites at festivals).
- 帯の始まりはおそらく衣類自体より古く、初発的形態としては裸体に腰紐のみを巻き、そこに狩猟で用いる道具を挿していたことにはじまる。
- Obi originated probably before clothing itself, and its form at the beginning was a cord bound around a naked body at the waist to insert tools for hunting.
- したがって曲を作るにあたり歌詞を古今和歌集などから採ったが、文芸だけでなく、音楽面からも復古主義を進めることを考えたと思われる。
- Accordingly, he picked words for music from Kokin Wakashu and so on, and he may have wanted to promote the reversionism in an aspect of not only literature but also music.
- また、それまで主に口承に拠る稽古が主な伝承であったのに対し、楽譜(五線譜、および弦名譜=タブラチュア譜の一種)の普及にもつとめた。
- Further, he also strived to spread musical scores (music in five-line staff notation and genmeifu - a kind of taburachua music) since Soh music had been handed down orally.
- 儒教の長い歴史の間には、古文・今文の争い、喪に服する期間、仏教との思想的関係、理や気の捉え方など様々な論争があって枚挙に暇がない。
- In the long history of Ju-kyo, there is an endless list of various disputes including, the dispute between Kobun and Kinbun, the period of time to observe mourning, relation with Buddhism in terms of thought, and view towards law and Qi.
- 時代行列(じだいぎょうれつ)とは、祭りの中で古墳時代から昭和初期までの時代考証に基づき、各時代の扮装を復元した上で行う行列である。
- The Jidai Gyoretsu is a pageant or procession in festivals where the participants wear costumes from the Kofun period (tumulus period) through the early Showa period, reproduced after research into each period,
- 中国においては、古い時代から上巳に水辺で禊を行う風習があり、それが3月3日に禊とともに杯を水に流して宴を行うようになったとされる。
- Since ancient times, it was customary to carry out a purification ceremony by the river on joshi (March 3) in China, and the ceremony was transformed into a banquet during which people purified themselves and floated cups on the river on March 3.
- 今日の空手は打撃技を主体とする格闘技であるが、沖縄古来の空手には取手(トゥイティー、とりて)と呼ばれる関節技や投げ技も含んでいた。
- The modern karate is a combat sport characterized mainly by a striking art, but the traditional Okinawan karate embraced grappling techniques called 'toitee, or torite,' as well as throwing techniques.
- 名古屋市のお好み焼きと関西風お好み焼きの違いは、肉などの具を一緒に生地に混ぜてから焼く点にあり、後から載せる関西式とは違っている。
- As for the difference between okonomiyaki in Nagoya City and Kansaifu-okonomiyaki, in the former, after mixing the ingredients such as meat and so on with the dough they are grilled, but in the latter, the ingredients like meat are put on the dough afterward.
- 法隆寺所蔵玉虫厨子の須弥座上框下の請花花弁先端部分に小さな長菱形の金箔が施されており、これが国内に現存する最古の截金作品とされる。
- A tiny long lozenge-shaped gold leaf is used at the tips of petals of ukebana (a flower-like accessory) under the agarigamachi (the horizontal bar at the entrance) of shumiza (dais for a Buddhist statue) of Tamamushi-no-Zushi (literally, Beetle Shrine) owned by Horyu-ji Temple, which is considered as the oldest remaining kirikane-using product in Japan.
- 明治末から大正にかけて、大日本武徳会が古武道を武道に、剣術を剣道に名称を変え、旧制中学校で剣道を教えたため剣道が一般にひろまった。
- Kendo spread among ordinary people during the period from the end of Meiji era to the Taisho era because Dainihon butoku kai changed the names of Kobudo and Kenjutsu to Budo (martial arts) and Kendo respectively and began to instruct Kendo at junior high schools under the old education system.
- また流祖以来試合を禁じていた流派が、やむなく試合稽古を行うようになった記録等も残っている(島津家中における示現流等の例外はある)。
- There are records stating that the schools which had prohibited doing matches since the time of their founding were forced to conduct training matches (except for the Jigen-ryu School in the Satsuma domain etc).
- 『神楽譜』には「朝闇吹二返催馬楽拍子一」(一、二は返り点)としるされているのは、これらが古くは催馬楽の曲であったことを示している。
- In addition, that 'Kagura-fu' describes '朝闇吹二返催馬楽拍子一' (一 and 二 are kaeriten) in it indicates that these were originally Saibara songs.
- 前唄は『古今和歌集』賀の部より採った和歌「しほの山さしでの磯にすむ千鳥 君が御代をば八千代とぞ鳴く」が歌詞として節付けされている。
- The words in the first vocal section is a waka poem 'Shiho no yama sashide no iso ni sumu chidori, kimiga miyo oba yachiyo tozo naku' (しほの山さしでの磯にすむ千鳥 君が御代をば八千代とぞ鳴く) taken from Ga no bu (the Ga [celebration] section) of 'Kokin Wakashu.'
- 基本的に相手の手首・肘・肩関節を制する幾つかの形から始まり、稽古を重ねる中で多様な応用技・変化技(投げ技・固め技など)を学んで行く。
- It basically starts with several kata for controlling the opponent's wrist, elbow and shoulder joints, then various application techniques and henkawaza (changing from one technique to another) (throwing techniques, grappling, etc.) are acquired through repeated training.
- 日本には古くから「神道」というシャーマニズムやアニミズムといった自然崇拝、精霊崇拝である多神教(八百万の神)に基づく宗教文化がある。
- From ancient times, Japan has had a religious culture based on polytheism (yao yorozu no kami (eight million gods)) worshiping nature or spirits like shamanism or animism including the 'Shinto religion.'
- 中国においては古くから栽培が行われており、戦国時代 (中国)に完成したとされる文献『晏子春秋』には「橘化為枳」(橘、化して枳と為る。
- In China, they grew many citrus since ancient time and it was described in the historical record 'Spring and Autumn of Master Yan,' which is said to have been completed during the Warring States Period (China,) when 'mandarin orange changed to a trifoliata orange.'
- 色気のある立役の延若、古風な立女形の梅玉、技巧派の魁車と、三巨頭の芸は独特の個性があり初代鴈治郎とならぶほど高レベルなものであった。
- Performances by the big three - Enjaku the amorous tachiyaku (a leading male-role actor), Baigyoku the classic tateoyama and Kaisha the technical actor - showed unique characteristics and their level was comparable to Ganjiro I.
- もちろんまったく作られなくなったわけではなく、京都の古川瀧斎、松坂春栄、名古屋の小松景和、岡山の西山徳茂都などが作品を残してはいる。
- Obviously, jiuta composition didn't disappear entirely; numbers were written by people such as Takisai FURUKAWA and Shunei MATSUZAKA in Kyoto, Kagekatsu KOMATSU in Nagoya and Tokumoichi NISHIYAMA in Okayama.
- 東洋では、古代には冬至のころを年初としていたが、後に立春のころを年初とする(正確には雨水を含む月を正月(1月)とする)ようになった。
- In ancient times in the East, the time of the year around the winter solstice was considered as the beginning of the year, but later on the time of year around the beginning of spring was considered as the beginning of the year (actually, a month having rain was considered Shogatsu (January)).
- 西洋では、古代には現在の3月ごろを年初としていた(冬には暦がなかった)が、後に冬至の時期を年初とするようになった(ローマ暦を参照)。
- In ancient times in the West, the time of year around March of the current calendar was considered as the beginning of the year (and calendar for winter didn't exist) but later on, the winter solstice was considered as the beginning of the year (referring to the Roman calendar.)
- 同じく名古屋市の調味料メーカー、コーミからは家庭用のお好み焼きソースとして赤だしみそ入りの『コクうまお好みソース』が発売されている。
- Likewise, the seasoning manufacturer in Nagoya City Komi Co., Ltd. sells 'Koku Uma Okonomiyaki Sauce' which includes akadashi miso (special red miso - bean paste) as okonomiyaki sauce for family use.
- 江戸時代後期には「有職雛」とよばれる宮中の雅びな平安装束を正確に再現したものが現れ、さらに今日の雛人形につながる「古今雛」が現れた。
- In the late Edo period, the 'yusoku-bina,' dolls clad in the exact replica of the elegant court costume of the Heian period, appeared, and the 'kokin-bina' (traditional dolls with new designs), the precursor of the present-day Hina-matsuri dolls, also appeared.
- 郷土料理は日本の地方で古くから食べられてきた料理であり、村おこしに使われるご当地料理、ご当地グルメ(ご当地ラーメンなど)とは異なる。
- Local dishes are traditional ones that have been eaten in various areas in Japan from ancient times, and are different from gotochi-ryori dishes (locally special dishes) or gotochi-gurume (local gourmets) (for example, gotochi-ramen), used for revitalizing villages.
- 雛のつるし飾りは、娘の成人後にどんど焼きにくべる習慣があったため、古い物は残っておらず、最古の物は100年程度前の物と言われている。
- Since Hina no tsurushi kazari used to be burned in the don don yaki (a Shinto blessing of objects after a daughter comes to age), old ones do not exist and the oldest one is said to be a hundred years old or so.
- 日本で最初にゆばの伝わった比叡山麗の京都市や近江(現在の滋賀県大津市)、日光市、身延町といった古くからの門前町が産地として有名である。
- Kyoto City and Omi (the present Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture) at the base of Mt. Hiei, where yuba was first introduced in Japan, along with Nikko City and Minobu Town, are well known as production centers of yuba.
- 香具師が漢方由来の薬を扱っていたように、猿楽も中華文明を起源とするものも多いが、太刀まわりや一人相撲など日本古来の芸も数多く存在する。
- Like the yashi (a street stall vendor at shrines and temples) sold medicine derived from Chinese medicine, many sarugaku performances also had their beginnings in Chinese culture but many, such as the sword dance or solo sumo, were derived from Japanese performances that had existed from ancient times.
- 古代末から中世に武士が台頭してくると、流鏑馬、犬追物など武士特有の文化が生まれ、合戦をテーマにした軍記物語(平家物語など)も生まれた。
- When the samurai gained power during a period from the end of the ancient times to the medieval period, a culture peculiar to samurai such as yabusame (horseback archery) and inuoumono (dog-hunting event, a skill of archery) was born, and war chronicles (The Tale of the Heike, etc.) under the theme of battle were also created.
- しかし乱取が競技化したことにより (組み付いた状態での) 投げ技と寝技の乱取稽古に特化し、当身技や対武器の技術は形稽古のみで行われた。
- However, the style of randori (freestyle practice) was incorporated into the competition of judo, and judo became specialized in randori of throwing and ground grappling techniques (in a physical contact), while body-striking and counter-weapon techniques were used only in kata geiko (practice of 'kata' [pre-arranged forms of offense and defense]).
- 古典文学として上記のようなストーリーとなった七夕説話であるが、長い歴史の中で中国各地の民話として様々なバリエーションを生じるに至った。
- Though the above is the classical story of the tanabata anecdote, various folk stories based on this anecdote were created at many places in China over a long period of history.
- 1541年にスペイン人が原住民が古くから使用していた温泉を発見し、ここをホットスプリング(すなわち、熱い湯の吹き出る場所)と名付けた。
- In 1541, the Spanish discovered a hot spring which had been used by indigenous people from long ago and named it Hot Springs (namely, the place where hot water gushes out).
- - 新潟市中央区西堀の善導寺と宗現寺にあり、松尾芭蕉がこの土地に立ち寄ったことを記念して後世に建立された古くなった蓑の道具塚でもある。
- - Located at the grounds of Zendo-ji Temple and Sogen-ji Temple in Nishibori, Chuo Ward, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture, they are also dogu zuka for old worn straw raincoats erected to commemorate the occasion of Basho Matsuo's visit to this area.
- また、衛生上などの観点から現在では少なくなったが、古いスタイルの店舗では、手を拭くためのタオルが上から吊り下げられているところもある。
- Although it is getting rare recently because of consideration for hygiene, at some traditional kushikatsu bars, towels to wipe your hands with are hung from the ceilings.
- もっとも名古屋では、コメディアン南利明が「ハヤシもあるでよ」のキャッチフレーズで一世を風靡したオリエンタルのカレーにも根強い人気がある。
- Nevertheless, curry products from Oriental Co., Ltd., which ruled the age with comedian Toshiaki MINAMI's catchphrase, 'there is also hashed rice,' are also firm favorites in Nagoya.
- また箏と同じツィター属の大型楽器である瑟(「しつ」、まれに「ひつ」とも読む)は正倉院の宝物が24本、中国の古代楽器では25本の弦を持つ。
- Shitsu' (also called 'hitsu' in rare cases), a large-sized musical instrument that belongs to zither group as with Soh, has 24 strings in the case of Shoso-in's property and 25 strings in the case of the ancient Chinese musical instrument.
- 古くは江戸時代の寺社奉行と町奉行の管轄の違いから来ているともいわれ、現在も地図上でその生業とする地域分けも江戸時代の名残が多く見られる。
- This derives from the different jurisdictions of the city commissioner and the temple and shrine commissioner in the Edo Period, and the divisions according to occupation can be seen on maps in placenames that have survived from that period.
- 武術としての柔術には、現代柔道、合気道、ブラジリアン柔術等は含まれないが、より明確に分けるために「古流柔術」と呼ぶ事もある(下に記す)。
- Jujutsu as the martial art does not include the modern judo, aikido, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and the like, so it is sometimes called 'koryu jujutsu' (the old-style jujutsu, mentioned below) to make a clear distinction between itself and these martial arts.
- 取り掛けは右手親指根辺りで弦を保持し、筈を人差し指根で抱え込むように保持する蒙古式を取る(洋弓は人差し指〜薬指で弦を保持する地中海式)。
- The tsuru (bowstring) is held at the bottom of the right thumb and hazu (nock of an arrow) is held in a Mongolian style by with an index finger (the western bow holds the string with the index to the ring finger in a Mediterranean style).
- 古代において彼ら遊牧民族の騎射術が定住民族に及ぼした影響は大きいが、しかし常に移動を繰り返すために当時の彼らの実体は詳しく解っていない。
- In ancient times, equestrian peoples heavily influenced the techniques of settled people regarding kisha, however there is no detailed record of those equestrian peoples since they kept on moving from place to place to live and it was hard to keep a record of them.
- この時に武道と呼ばれた内容は、現代武道、伝統武術の区別はなかったが、伝統武術のみを指す場合は「古武道」・「古流」などと呼ばれる事が多い。
- In this case, the martial art called 'budo' didn't distinguish the modern budo from the traditional one, but as a reference only to the traditional one it is often called 'kobudo' (old budo) or 'koryu' (old style), etc.
- 11世紀半ばから後半の書写と考えられる完成期の古筆は、かなの典型ともいえ、優雅、典雅という言葉があてはまり、激しさを表にすることがない。
- Ancient calligraphy of the complete period, considered to be works copied down from the mid- to late 11th century, is known as an archetypal kana to which the words of elegant and graceful can be applied and in which intensity remains in the background.
- 『寸松庵色紙』(すんしょうあんしきし)は、『古今和歌集』四季の歌を抜き書きしたもので、もと粘葉装冊子であったが、分割され色紙形になった。
- The 'Sunshoan-shikishi' contains waka poetry from the 'Kokin Wakashu' relating to the four seasons and was originally a decchoso-style booklet but was divided, giving it a shikishi-like form.
- 加賀友禅も多色を用いるが、加賀五彩(臙脂、黄土、古代紫、草緑、藍)特に紅色や紫、緑などの深みがあって豪奢な色調が基調となり、優雅で艶やか。
- Kaga-Yuzen also uses many colors, but it is graceful and glamorous based on Kaga-gosai (five colors of Kaga: crimson, yellow ocher, ancient purple, grass green, and indigo), especially deep and luxurious tones such as crimson, purple, and green.
- 西鶴の『好色一代男』(1682年刊)には、12本骨の扇子に浮世絵が描かれていたとあり、これが浮世絵という言葉の確認出来る最古の文献である。
- Saikaku's 'Koshoku ichidai otoko (Life of a Amorous Man)' (published in 1682) describes that Ukiyoe was drawn on a folding fan with 12 ribs, and this is the oldest literature in which the word 'Ukiyoe' can be found.
- 初代藪内剣仲は武野紹鴎の門下で、兄弟子の千利休とは親交が深く、利休より相伝を受け、また利休の媒酌によって古田重然の妹を娶ったと伝えられる。
- Kenchu YABUNOUCHI, the first family head, was a student of Jouou TAKENO and good friends with the older SEN no Rikyu; he succeeded Rikyu and was married with a sister of Shigenari/Shigeteru FURUTA due to Rikyu's matchmaking.
- 彼は浄土僧でもあり、寺院に伝承される雅楽や歌謡を修め、また当時来日していた明人の鄭家定に古琴(きん)を学び、 これらから箏曲を作り出した。
- Kenjun, a Jodo priest, mastered gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music) and Kayo (songs and ballads) that had been handed down to the monks of his temple, and learned how to play the Kokin (Chinese zither with 3000 year history) from Teikatei, a Chinese musician who was in Japan at that time; drawing on what he had learnt, he began making Sokyoku music.
- この習慣は首里手に限らず、上掲の写真で宮城長順と許田重発が上半身裸で稽古していることからも、那覇手も含めた沖縄一般の習慣であったのだろう。
- This practice was not limited to Shuri-te; from the picture displayed above in which Chojun MIYAGI and Juhatsu KYODA exercise in shirtless conditions, it is considered that this practice was common in Okinawa, including Naha-te.
- 一般的ににがりと呼ばれているものは、塩化マグネシウムが主成分で、古くは、塩田で海水から塩を作るときに、いっしょに抽出される副産物であった。
- The substance generally referred to as bittern mainly consists of magnesium chloride, and was a secondary product co-abstracted with salt when it was drawn from the salt field.
- そして古筆中、最も著名な『高野切第一種・第二種・第三種』に対しては酷評しており、三色紙、特に『寸松庵色紙』の評価が極めて高いことが分かる。
- He also harshly criticized the three styles of the most well known version of the 'Koya-gire' and this proves that he held the San-shikishi, especially the 'Sunshoan-shikishi,' in high esteem.
- 特に『千鳥の曲』は明治以降、箏曲としては名古屋系のみならず広く生田流各派、さらには山田流にも普及し、ほとんどの流派で演奏される曲となった。
- Especially 'Chidori no Kyoku' diffused as a koto music not only in the Nagoya line but also into various groups in Ikuta school, and even into Yamada school to be played in almost all schools in Meiji period and later.
- 古くは『山城国風土記』逸文に流れてきた「丹塗りの矢」で玉依姫が身ごもり賀茂別雷神が生まれたという話があり、賀茂神社の起源説話にもなっている。
- In ancient times, in the itsubun (a composition previously existed but doesn't exist now) of 'Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki' (records of the culture and geography of the Yamashiro Province) there is a tale that Tamayorihime became pregnant caused by the flown 'Ninuri no ya' (bright-red arrow) and delivered Kamowakeikazuchi no Kami, which is also the tale on the origin of the Kamo-jinja Shrine.
- 三曲系の演奏者のあいだでは、古典的な地歌箏曲を古曲、宮城道雄などの明治期から戦前までの楽曲曲を新曲、それ以降の楽曲を現代曲と呼ぶこともある。
- Among sankyoku ensemble performers, classical jiuta-sokyoku pieces (jiuta compositions based on the koto part) are referred to as kokyoku (old pieces, or classical pieces), pieces composed by Michio MIYAGI and other from the Meiji period up to the beginning of WWI are referred to as shinkyoku (new pieces), and pieces composed subsequently are referred to as modern pieces.
- その他、籤や銀杏、椎などの元は時節や節気の縁起物である食品や祭礼用の品を売る屋台(古くは蓮の葉商いといった)などが縁日などではお馴染み深い。
- There are also stalls that sell food and festival goods such as lottery tickets, ginko nuts and sweet acorns, which were originally sold as seasonal good luck charms (what was traditionally called the Lotus Leaf Trade) and are often found at fairs.
- 章帝 (漢)の時に今文経の写本の異同を論じる白虎観会議が開かれたが、この中で古文学は攻撃に晒されながらも、その解釈がいくらか採用されている。
- In the era of Sho-tei (Emperor Zhang) (Han), Byakkokan Meeting was held to debate on differences in the manuscripts of Kinbun-kei, and while the Kobun learning came under attack, some of their interpretations were adopted.
- 古くは誕生蟇目・産屋の引目・射越の引目などと称し、胎児の健康、成長祈願や家屋の屋根を越えるように蟇目矢を放ち邪を払い魔を退散させるなどした。
- In ancient times, Hikimeya were shot at turning points of a life; on a baby's birthday for praying for the baby's growth; on entering into a birth room for praying for an unborn baby's health; Hikimeya was shot over the roof of a house when moving into the house in order to remove negative vibes and to drive off evil spirits;
- 古神道の世界観では、現実世界としての現世(うつしよ)と神域や神の国や死後の世界としての常世(とこよ)・(幽世「かくりよ」とも)に別れている。
- According to the world view of the Ancient Shinto, the world is divided into two parts; one is Utsushiyo (the actural world), the other is Tokoyo or Kakuryo (the sacred area, the country of gods, and the afterworld).
- 第二次世界大戦後の連合国軍最高司令官総司令部による武道禁止後に復活した現代武道との区別のために、明治以前に成立した諸流派は古武道とよばれる。
- After the lifting of the Budo Ban imposed by the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers after World War II gendai budo was revived, and then the schools which were established before the Meiji period came to be called kobudo to distinguish them from gendai budo.
- 千葉県松戸市の矢切は、東京都葛飾区の柴又帝釈天と「渡し船」という日本古来の和船による水上交通で結ばれていて、「矢切の渡し」としても有名である。
- Yagiri in Matsudo City, Chiba Prefecture, is connected with Shibamata Taishakuten, Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Prefecture by waterway transportation of 'watashibune (ferry),' that is, an old Japanese boat, which is famous as 'Yagiri No Watashi' (ferry that has been taking passengers across the Edo-gawa River for nearly 400 years).
- 一般には「生酢」と解されているが、先述したように、古くは調味料として必ずしも酢を用いるとは限らなかったので、民間語源の類であるという説がある。
- Generally speaking, namasu is interpreted as '生酢, namasu' (raw vinegar), but as mentioned before, originally vinegar was not always used as a seasoning and so some say that it is a sort of folk etymology.
- 古来は大弓(だいきゅう)と呼ばれており、全長およそ2m以上のものを大弓、それ以下のもの(約45cm〜160cm程度)を半弓として区別していた。
- It was called as Daikyu in ancient times, and those that were longer than 2 m was called as Daikyu, and shorter bows (approximately 45 to 160 cm) were labeled as Hankyu small-sized bow.
- 日本には古来より大弓と呼ばれる2mを超す長尺の弓から半弓に分類される短い弓等、長さ、武芸用途、遊戯用途、植物素材、動物素材、様々な弓があった。
- There were Japanese long bows called Daikyu long bow that was longer than two meters, short bows labeled as Hankyu small-sized bow, and various bows with different lengths, martial or recreation purposes, made from plants or animal were present in Japan from ancient times.
- 安土桃山時代に剣術の一部流派の打ち合い稽古のために袋竹刀が考案され、更に江戸時代になって防具の発達にともない割竹刀(わりじない)が考案された。
- In the Azuchi-Momoyama period (1558-1600), some kenjutsu, or sword fighting, schools began using bamboo swords covered with leather sleeves and called 'fukuro shinai' for sparring practice, and the Edo period (1603-1868), with the development of armor, saw the appearance of the 'warijinai' (split bamboo sword).
- 維新後、佐竹家御用商人だった菅原新五郎の高弟の成瀬峯雲が東京で伝授したことにより、石州流成瀬派、石州流林泉寺派、石州流古閑堂派などに分派した。
- After the Meiji Restoration, Houn NARUSE, a top student of Shingoro SUGAWARA, who was a purveyor of the Satake family, taught the Nomura-ha in Tokyo, where it split into the Sekishu-ryu Naruse-ha, the Sekishu-ryu Rinsenji-ha and the Sekishu-ryu Kokando-ha branches.
- もともとは難波に自生していた葱が原種と言われ、後に京都府に伝わって、古くから品種改良が施され、伝統的に生産され続けている京野菜のひとつである。
- It is said that the original species was a natural leek originally unplanted in Nanba, and then it was introduced to Kyoto Prefecture, where its quality has been improved since ancient times and has been traditionally produced as one of Kyo-yasai (specifically certified vegetable varieties grown in Kyoto).
- 『天満宮安楽寺草創日記』によると、大宰府でも天徳 (日本)2年(958年)3月3日に大宰大弐・小野好古が始めたとされるが、中世以降は断絶した。
- According to 'Tenmangu Anrakuji Soso Nikki' (a record of the origin of Tenmangu Anraku-ji Temple), Kyokusui no en was held by ONO no Yoshifuru, Dazai no Daini (vice-governor of Dazaifu), at Dazaifu (a local government office in earlier times in Japan) on March 3, in 958, but was discontinued after medieval times.
- インドや中華人民共和国、台湾などでは、細い竹ひごに線香の生地を練りつけて固めた竹芯香、(竹ひご線香、中国語 竹枝香)が古くから用いられている。
- In India, People's Republic of China and Taiwan, bamboo stick Senko (竹枝香 in Chinese), which is produced by attaching wet Senko around shaved bamboo, has been used from long ago.
- 三味線組歌(小歌曲をいくつもつなぎ合わせて作った曲群、またそれに倣って作られた曲群。現在ではごく一部の系統にのみ伝承されている地歌最古の曲群)
- Shamisen kumiuta (a group of songs created by combining several short, simple songs or a group of songs composed in such a way; this is the oldest group of jiuta songs that are currently passed down only in limited schools).
- 具体的には日本の民間信仰である古神道に、密教や道教の陰陽五行思想などとの習合した様々な信仰において、祈願祈念や感謝や慰霊の記念として建てた碑。
- Specifically, the mound is a monument erected to offer prayers, to express gratitude, or as a memory of memoria service, in various faiths constituted through syncretization of the Ancient Shinto (a Japanese folk religion) with esoteric Buddhism and Inyo gogyo shiso (Yin-Yang Wu-Hsing Idea) of Taoism.
- 社団法人日本人形協会では昭和天皇の即位以来、男雛を向かって左に置くのを「現代式」、右に置くのを「古式」とするが、どちらでも構わないとしている。
- The Japan Dolls Association has called the placement of the obina on the left and on the right from the viewer's perspective the 'modern style' and the 'ancient style' respectively, since the enthronement of Emperor Showa; the association has nonetheless maintained that either style will do.
- 盛平伝承の合気道は、剣杖など武器による武術を豊富に伝えていながら、古来の武術と一線を画して、万有愛護と宇宙の生成に寄与するためという意識が強い。
- Aikido, as handed down by Morihei, teaches many martial arts using weapons such as swords and cane staffs, but it draws its lineage from the ancient martial arts and has a strong sense of loving and protecting all things, as well as to contribution to the formation of the universe.
- これが松江藩家老の有沢家で受け継がれたものを不昧流、松江藩茶堂の藤井長古家で受け継がれ、支藩の母里藩につたわった茶系を石州流不昧派と称している。
- This style was handed down in the Arisawa family, chief retainers of the Matsue Domain, is called the Fumai-ryu School, while the version passed on in the sub-domain of Mori by Choko FUJII's family, who were tea masters of Matsue Domain, is called the Sekishu-ryu Fumai-ha branch.
- 日本古来のならわしから柚子湯、菖蒲湯(しょうぶゆ)などの伝統行事を暦にあわせて行ったり、子供や年配客向けの割引・無料サービスを行うところもある。
- Some facilities hold traditional events based on ancient Japanese customs such as the hot citron bath, sweat-flat bath, etc., in keeping with the calendar, and some offer discounts or free services for children and the elderly.
- 生酛(きもと)とは、現在でも用いられる中で最も古くから続く製法で、乳酸菌を空気中から取り込んで乳酸を作らせ、雑菌や野生酵母を駆逐するものである。
- Kimoto is the oldest method among those used today and it takes lactobacillus from the air and allows it to produce lactic acid to get rid of undesirable bacteria and natural yeast.
- また藤原俊成の子で『新古今和歌集』・『百人一首』の撰者である藤原定家は、歌論『毎月抄』の中で和歌を分類した十体の一つとして、幽玄様を挙げている。
- Also FUJIWARA no Sadaie, a sun of FUJIWARA no Toshinari and a compiler of 'Shin (new) Kokin wakashu' and 'Hyakunin Issyu' (one hundred waka poems), mentioned Yugen style as one of the ten styles of waka in a treatise on waka poetry 'Maigetusho' (monthly comment).
- また世界各地の多神教文明において弓矢は霊力や呪詛が宿る道具として考えられており、古代ギリシアやヒンドゥー教や日本の神道などの神話に記述されている。
- In addition, in polytheistic civilizations in various parts of the world, Yumiya is considered to be a tool with spiritual power and a curse and is described in the mythologies on ancient Greece, Hinduism, Japanese Shinto, and so on.
- 『古事記』などに「こと」を弾く場面がしばしば登場するように、本来「こと」は古くから日本に存在しており、呪術用の楽器として使用された様子がみられる。
- As shown in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), in which the scene of playing the 'koto' frequently appears, 'Koto' has existed in Japan since ancient times, apparently used as a musical instrument for witching purposes.
- 古くは一本の竹を切断せずに延管(のべかん)を作っていたが、現在では一本の竹を中間部で上下に切断してジョイントできるように加工したものが主流である。
- In former times the shakuhachi was fashioned from a single piece of bamboo (referred to as a 'nobekan'); however, at present the most widely used type of shakuhachi is made by cutting the length of bamboo into upper and lower halves, and providing a joint between the two halves.
- 一般的に、柔術(古流柔術)は、明治時代に柔道が普及してすぐに衰退したように思われているが、明治時代の項で書かれているように急激なものではなかった。
- Generally, koryu jujutsu is thought to have gone into decline immediately after judo became popular in the Meiji period, but as mentioned above, the decline of koryu jujutsu was not so drastic.
- それに対し、関ヶ原の戦い、大坂の役での敗軍武将への処刑は全て斬首刑であるが、古田重然、細川興秋など、豊臣方与力と看做された者は切腹させられている。
- On the other hand, commanders of the armies defeated at the Battle of Sekigahara and the Siege of Osaka were all beheaded, whereas those deemed to be yoriki (police sergeants) of the Toyotomi faction including Shigenari FURUTA and Okiaki HOSOKAWA were forced to commit seppuku.
- アメリカのアラバマ州とフロリダ州には古くからウンシュウミカンの栽培が行われており、現地での呼び名にちなんだ「Satsuma」という名前の町がある。
- They are growing unshu mikan in the state of Alabama and the state of Florida for a long time, and there are towns with the local name for unshu mikan, 'Satsuma.'
- こういった活動は、戸外で季節の移り行く様子を楽しむために行われるもので、四季の変化が自然の様々な表情を生み出す日本において、古くから行われている。
- These activities are for people to feel and enjoy the change of the seasons, and have been performed since early times in Japan where the spectacle of nature varies greatly between seasons.
- 2009年度は東京ヴェルディや名古屋グランパスの下部組織で実績を積んだ菅澤大我をU-18の新監督に迎え育成組織により力を入れていくものと思われる。
- In the 2009 school year, the club invited Taiga SUGASAWA as the new manager of the U-18 team who had gained achievements in the lower levels of the organizations of Tokyo Verdy and Nagoya Grampus, so it was expected that the club would concentrate its efforts as a nurturing organization.
- 古代中国では儀狄(ぎてき)と杜康(とこう)という酒の神がいたが、後者に由来して良い酒を造った者に杜康という氏を授けたことに由来するとする説である。
- In ancient China, there were gods of alcohol named Yi Ti and Du Kang (pronounced as toko in Japanese), and this opinion insists that the term came from the story that people who made good sake were given a surname (written as 氏 in Japanese) Toko (written as 杜康 in Japanese) which was derived from the latter god.
- たとえば、人形浄瑠璃及び歌舞伎の伴奏音楽である義太夫節では、「阿古屋の琴責め」が有名であり、ここでは地歌三味線、箏、胡弓の三曲がすべて演奏される。
- For example, among the gidayu-bushi, accompaniment for ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater) and kabuki (traditional Japanese drama), 'Akoya-no-kotozeme' is the most famous, and the sankyoku of jiuta shamisen, so and kokyu are all played in it.
- 古流柔術が更に衰退した原因として、その後の第二次大戦と敗戦の影響により稽古が行われなくなったり、また多くの継承者が戦争で亡くなったことがあげられる。
- Koryu jujutsu went further into decline firstly because the practice was halted owing to World War Ⅱ and Japan's defeat in the war, and secondly because many jujutsu successors were killed in the war.
- 一般的に、明治時代に全く新しい柔道が現れて、古い柔術と対決して柔術側を打ち負かし、柔術が衰退していったと言う形で語られるが、これはやや不正確である。
- It is generally said that judo, which was freshly born in the Meiji period, confronted, defeated and drove off the old jujutsu, but this is a little inaccurate.
- 蛇口から出る新しい水を直接利用するのではなく、あえて使い古した水を再利用することにより無駄を減らし、なおかつ涼も得るという、一石二鳥の考え方である。
- By recommending citizens to recycle used water instead of using fresh water coming out of a tap, such campaigns aim to achieve a dual purpose of reducing waste and getting coolness.
- 織女と牽牛の伝説は『文選 (書物)』の中の漢の時代に編纂された「古詩十九首」が文献として初出とされているが、まだ7月7日との関わりは明らかではない。
- The legend of the Weaver and the Cowherd first appeared in 'The Nineteen Old Poems,' compiled during the Han period and selected in 'Bunsen (literature)' (Selected Literature), but its relationship to July 7 is not clear.
- 日本では皇極天皇が弟の孝徳天皇に皇位を譲った例を最古とし、89例(※)の退位が存在する(なお、後小松天皇は南北朝合一によって2度譲位を受けている)。
- In Japan, the oldest example is that of the Emperor Kogyoku handing down the Imperial Throne to his younger brother, the Emperor Kotoku, and there exist 89 examples (*) of abdication (because of the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts the throne was passed down to the Emperor Gokomatsu twice).
- 舞台は、奈良時代最末期の宝亀年間(770年 - 780年)、紀伊国那賀郡 (和歌山県)に住していた山人の大伴孔子古(くじこ)なる人物を主人公とする。
- The story is set during the very end of the Nara period, Hoki period (770-780,) and the central character of the story is OTOMO no Kujiko, a mountain man, who lived in Naga District, Ki Province (Wakayama prefecture).
- 古代日本において、祭祀を司る巫女自身の上に神が舞い降りるという神がかりの儀式のために行われた舞がもととなり、それが様式化して祈祷や奉納の舞となった。
- The dances performed by shrine maidens in ancient Japan, through which gods were believed to alight upon and possess the maidens who were performing the rituals for the gods, were later formalized and took the current form of dances for solemn prayer and dedication to the gods.
- 大正期には市川左團次 (2代目)が埋もれていた古典の復活を行い、上方では中村鴈治郎 (初代)が和事の芸を大成するなど従来の作品の見なおしも行われた。
- During the Taisho period, old Kabuki works were re-evaluated through, for example, the revival of hidden classics by the second 'Sadanji ICHIKAWA,' and the completion of wagoto, the performances in a love scene by the first 'Ganjiro NAKAMURA' in Kamigata.
- 大陸中国では石膏(硫酸カルシウム)を粉末とし水に溶いたものを凝固剤とするが、古来の日本の伝統的な製法では製塩の過程で生じるにがりが主に使われていた。
- In mainland China, gypsum (calcium sulfate) powered and dissolved in the water is used as a coagulant; however, in the Japanese traditional process used since ancient times, bittern resulting from the process of salt production was mainly used.
- 古来中国では、正月の1日をニワトリの日、2日を狗(犬)の日、3日をイノシシ(ブタ)の日、4日をヒツジの日、5日をウシの日、6日をウマの日としていた。
- In ancient China, each day in the new year's week was designated as the day of a certain animal, with the first day as the day of the rooster, the second day as the day of the dog, the third the boar, the fourth the sheep, the fifth the ox, the sixth the horse respectively.
- 剣道(けんどう、劍道)とは日本古来の武術である剣術の竹刀稽古である撃剣を競技化した武道で、剣の理法の修練による人間形成を目的とする道または修行である。
- Kendo means Budo (martial art), which was introduced as a competitive sport through the reorganization of Gekken (swordsmanship), which was the Shinai (bamboo sword) training of Kenjutsu (swordplay), a time-honored Japanese Bujutsu (martial art); also, it's a way or ascetic training aiming at character-building through the practice of the Ken (sword with two sharpened edges) principle.
- 試合・競技のある武道であっても、修行者によって目的は異なり、試合・競技を目標とする者がいる一方で、稽古を中心とし試合・競技にこだわらない者も存在する。
- Even in the budo that holds the game or competition, the aim varies from one disciplinant to another; some aim to win, but others concentrate on their own training without sticking to them.
- 柔道 (特に現代柔道)、合気道が世に出、全国に普及して以降、これらと区別するため、日本古来の柔術を「古流柔術」という表現を用いて区別するようになった。
- From when judo (especially, the modern judo) and aikido emerged and became popular nationwide, the jujutsu handed down from its origin began to be called 'koryu jujutsu' to make a distinction between itself and the two.
- 敵に武器を投げつけて、傷つけたり、自分の危難を逃れようとする技法は古くからあったが、その際に使う武器は飛礫(つぶて)や短刀、打根、打矢、針などだった。
- There had long been methods of escaping danger or hurting an enemy by throwing weapons at them, but the weapons used were tsubute (throwing stones), short swords, uchine (throwing arrows), uchiya (throwing arrows), and needles among other weapons.
- 創業者の猪田七郎は二科会の監事を務め、また山本富士子主演の夜の河や山口百恵主演の古都 (小説)などの映画には本店が登場しており芸術界との関わりが深い。
- It has close connections with the world of art; Shichiro INODA, who was the founder held a post as supervisor of the Nika Association and the main shop appeared in movies, Yorunokawa in which Fujiko YAMAMOTO played the leading role and Koto (novel) where Sayuri YOSHINAGA played the leading role.
- 一方、砂川捨丸・中村春代やかしまし娘、東京では内海桂子・好江、松鶴家千代若・千代菊など、お囃子を取り入れた古典的なスタイルを崩さなかった漫才師もいた。
- On the other hand, there were some manzai-shi, who maintained the classic style of using some musical instrument, including Sutemaru SUNAGAWA, Haruyo NAKAMURA, Kashimashi-Musume in Kansai, and Keiko and Yoshie UTSUMI as well as Chiyowaka and Chiyokiku SHOKAKUYA in Tokyo.
- これが今日見られるような巫女舞になっていくのであるが、依然として「神がかり」の系統を受け継いだ古い形の巫女舞を残している神社も僅かながら存在している。
- Thus even though mikomai has developed into the style seen today, there still remain some older, albeit rare, style of mikomai with its tradition of 'kamigakari' (literally, 'spiritual possession').
- しかし、元来店ごとに様々な個性を持つ食べ物であり、古くからあるお好み焼き店の中にはヘラで強く押えつけたり、専用のおもり(鉄製)で圧縮して焼く店もある。
- However, originally the okonomiyaki has various characters depending on the shops and some shops press it strongly with a spatula or with a weight (iron) for exclusive use from long ago.
- 古代の氏制度以来、一族の家系・家格・家祭・家業・家産・家門・家職の維持・継承が日本の上流階層特に本家・嫡流と呼ばれる家においては最も重要視されてきた。
- Ever since the clan system was established in ancient Japan, it has been deemed to be most important for those people in the upper class, especially in the families called honke (the head family) or chakuryu (the main branch of the family) to maintain and succeed for generations the line, status, rite, business, properties, kamon (family), and trade or profession of the family.
- また、Sushi Siam (Siamはタイの古い名称)とかSushi Saigon など、経営者が堂々と自分の出身地を店名に入れているケースもある。
- Moreover, some managers of restaurant blatantly insert the name of their hometown in that of their restaurants, such as Sushi Siam (Siam is an old name of Thailand) or Sushi Saigon.
- だが、東国の風流系の獅子舞はもっと古くからある日本古来の獅子舞であり、獅子頭(ししがしら)も本来はシカやイノシシを模したものであったという説も根強い。
- But another long-lasting theory says that Furyu school of shishimai in eastern Japan originated from ancient Japanese dance, and that the headgear was originally modeled on that of a deer or wild boar.
- まだ手事ものの形式を保持している『千鳥の曲』に対して、それよりも後に作られた古今組各曲はより簡潔化し、手事もなく、ますます組歌に近いものとなっている。
- Contrary to 'Chidori no Kyoku' still retaining the form of tegotomono, other pieces of Kokin-gumi composed later are more simplified and includes no tegoto to be more like kumiuta.
- 尺八は本来虚無僧の占有楽器であり、娯楽よりは宗教行為のひとつとして演奏されてきたが、江戸時代中期に黒沢琴古が出て、宗教音楽から世俗音楽への道が開かれた。
- Originally, the shakuhachi was exclusively owned by 'komuso' (a mendicant Zen priest of the Fuke sect), and its performance was deemed part of religious activities instead of entertainment, but in the middle of the Edo period Kinko KUROSAWA changed it from an instrument for religious music to one for secular music.
- また、日用品も、現代では多くが大企業の工場で作られるようになったが、その技術も、古くから培われてきた伝統工芸品の技術を応用して生産されているものが多い。
- Although many daily necessities came to be produced at plants of major companies presently, to the technique of production, the technique of traditional crafts accumulated from old times is often applied.
- 「上巳」は上旬の巳の日の意味であり、元々は3月上旬の巳の日であったが、古来中国の三国時代の魏 (三国)より3月3日に行われるようになったと言われている。
- The term 'Joshi' or 'Jomi' means the day of the Serpent (the sixth sign of the Chinese zodiac) in the beginning of the month, and it had originally indicated the day of the Serpent in March, but it is reported that, after the Wei dynasty (Three States Period) in ancient China, the Joshi Festival became celebrated on March 3.
- 組手は琉球王国時代から行われていたが、制式化されてなお現存するのは本部朝基が大正時代に発表した十二本の約束組手が最古で、それ以前のものは現存していない。
- The oldest authorized, preserved kumite is the 12-set prearranged kumite, which was presented by Choki MOTOBU during the Taisho period; no kumite prior to this one has preserved, although kumite have been practiced since the era of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
- 日本の村落においては、村と山の境界にあたる野良(ノラ)、あるいは村と村の境(サカイ)には古くから魔や疫病をはやらせる神などが出入りすると考えられていた。
- In Japanese villages, it has been believed since ancient times that evil spirits and plague-spreading gods come and go across the 'nora', the border between mountains and village, or the 'sakai', the border between villages.
- 一般には「生酢」と解されているが、それは調味料としてもっぱら酢を使用するようになったことによる付会の説であり、古くは調味料は必ずしも酢とは限らなかった。
- It is generally understood as meaning 'raw vinegar,' but this is an incorrect theory that came about due to the changing use of vinegar solely as a seasoning, whereas in ancient times vinegar was not necessarily used as a seasoning.
- なお、「魏志倭人伝」は、倭国(日本の古代中国での呼び名)と倭国の人々についての記述であることから、昔日本列島に存在した国に関する記述である可能性が高い。
- Incidentally, as 'Gishiwajinden' is a description of Wakoku, which is the name of Japan used by ancient China, and the people of Wakoku, it is highly possible that the article was about a country that once existed in the Japanese islands.
- 風呂敷の大きさは、古くから織物の一反(幅約35cm~40cm、長さ約12m)を利用して無駄無く裁断し縫製するため、若干の長短があって正方形ではなかった。
- As for the size of Furoshiki, their lengths were found to be different from each other, which means their shapes were not a regular square, because from old times Furoshiki was made by cutting one Tan (width of approx. 35cm~40cm and length of approx. 12m) of textile into pieces without incurring waste and sewing them.
- 古川緑波のエッセイによると、焼けた肉は具材を溶き卵に潜らせて食べるのは関西発祥で、関東の牛鍋をベースとしたすき焼き店では、溶き卵を出す店は無かったらしい。
- According to an essay written by Roppa FURUKAWA, Kansai is the birthplace of the custom of eating grilled meat and other ingredients after dipping them in beaten eggs, and reportedly, there was no restaurant in the Kanto region that offered beaten eggs for gyu-nabe based sukiyaki dishes at the time.
- 組手競技ルールとしては元々寸止め空手やフルコンタクト空手よりも歴史が古く、空手界で最初の全国大会である全国空手道選手権大会も防具付きルールで行われていた。
- Originally, the history of bogutsuki karate is older than that of sundome karate and full-contact karate in terms of kumite match rules; the National Karatedo Tournament, karate's first national tournament, was conducted under bogutsuki rules.
- 梅酒に使われる梅には、最高級梅とされる南高梅の他、古城、白加賀、鶯宿、豊後、竜峽小梅、林州、玉英、梅郷など、果肉が厚く種の小さい酸味高い品種が用いられる。
- Ume used to make umeshu includes not only nanko-ume, considered the highest quality ume, but also the variety that has thick flesh and small seeds as well as high acidity, such as gojiro-ume, shirakaga-ume, oshuku-ume, bungo-ume, ryukyo-koume, rinshu-ume, gyokuei-ume, and baigo-ume.
- 弓は木(イヌガヤ科)から削り出した単一素材で、補強の為に樹皮や麻を巻き締め漆で固めた弓も屢々見られる(考古学的にはこの時代の弓も「丸木弓」と呼称している)。
- The bow was carved out from a single wood (Cephalotaxaceae) and we can often see the bow that was bound with wood barks or hemp and fixed with lacquer for itsreinforcement (the bow of this period is referred to in archeology as 'Marukiyumi' (bow made from a small sapling or tree limb (often catalpa wood) and had a centered grip)).
- 和歌山県は古くからミカンの栽培がさかんである(江戸時代の豪商である紀伊国屋文左衛門が、当時江戸で高騰していたミカンを紀州から運搬し富を得た話は前述の通り)。
- They have cultivated mikan since olden times in Wakayama Prefecture (story of a wealthy merchant Bunzaemon KINOKUNIYA of the Edo period who brought Kishu mikan to Edo where the price of mikan was high and made a fortune is aforementioned.)
- 現在、「醤油だんご」との名称で『みたらし団子』を指す場合もあるが、ここでは、『みたらし団子』出現以前の古い製法に則ったものを「醤油だんご」と言うことにする。
- Although 'soy sauce dumpling' may mean 'mitarashi dango' nowadays, here, 'soy sauce dumpling' are made in accordance with the old recipe before the appearance of 'mitarashi dango.'
- また古神道においては、子宝・子作り信仰と言われるものがあり、子作りは、新しい氏子の誕生の場であるところから、性行為を「祭り」と言うようになったともいわれる。
- The Ancient Shinto also had a belief called having babies belief, and it is said that the sexual activity came to be called 'matsuri' because having babies was an occasion of birth of new ujiko (shrine parishioner).
- 古くは主にコムギを穀粉にして平たく固めてから加熱した粉食のことを指していたが、大麦、アワ、トウモロコシなど他の食材を用いた粉食のことをも含めるようになった。
- In ancient times, neri-mochi referred to powdered food which is produced by processing wheat into farina, spreading it into a flat sheet, hardening it, and heating it, however, later on, neri-mochi referred to such kinds of powder food as those made from other food materials such as barley, millet, corn, etc.
- 7世紀の中頃までについては、日本列島で書かれた最古の歴史書である『古事記』および『日本書紀』、そして『風土記』のみが、この時代の歴史学上の資料となっている。
- Only the 'Kojiki' and 'Nihonshoki' the oldest chronicles written in the Japanese islands as well as 'Fudoki' were available as historical sources for the Kofun period, i.e., until the middle seventh century.
- 日本でも古くは「なます」と言えばこの「膾」を意味していたが、院政期以降、魚介類や野菜を刻み調味料を合わせて食す料理である「和え物」と同一視されるようになった。
- なます, namasu' in old Japan meant this 'namasu, 膾,' but after 'Insei' period (period of the government by a retired emperor) it was identified with 'aemono' which is the dish made by chopping sea foods or vegetables, dressing them with flavoring materials.
- さらに、斎藤月岑の『東都歳時記』には「七月六日、今朝未明より」、屋代弘賢の『古今要覧稿』には「たなばた祭、延喜式、七月七日織女祭と見えたるを初とせり」とある。
- Further, there are descriptions also in 'Toto Saijiki' written by Gekkin SAITO saying 'July 6, from the dawn of this morning' and in 'Kokon Yoranko' written by Hirokata YASHIRO saying 'tanabata first appeared in the Engishiki as Shokujo-sai which is held on July 7'.
- たしかに古田重然・小堀政一・片桐貞昌はいずれも将軍献茶に台子を用いていないし、遠州は生涯通して一度も台子を用いた茶会を行っていない(『小堀遠州茶会記集成』)。
- Shigenari FURUTA, Masakazu KOBORI, and Sadamasa KATAGIRI did not hold tea parties using daisu for the shogun, and Enshu had never held tea ceremony using daisu throughout his life ('Summary of Records of the Tea Ceremony by Enshu KOBORI').
- 『拳法概説』(昭和4年)に紹介されている喜屋武朝徳の説明によれば、裸で稽古する理由は「皮膚を強靱に鍛へると共に力の配合を明確に意識せん」がためであるとされる。
- Chotoku KYAN explained in 'Kenpo Gaisetsu' (an outline of kenpo, 1929) that karate practitioners would exercise in shirtless conditions because 'they try to strengthen their skin and concentrate their mind on the balance of strength.'
- その存在感の移り変わりは歌にも現れており『万葉集』において桜を詠んだ歌は40首、梅を詠んだ歌は100首程度だが、平安時代の『古今和歌集』ではその数が逆転する。
- The change in people's interest was reflected in waka poems, and 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) contains 40 waka poems for cherry blossoms and approximately 100 waka poems for plum blossoms, however, those numbers were reversed in 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) of Heian period.
- 幕末のベストセラー、『北斎漫画』は特に有名で、この中には鼻息を表す線が描かれるなど、「漫符」の古い形が既に見られるほか、公家や武士を諷刺する絵が含まれている。
- A best-selling book at the end of Edo period 'Hokusai Manga' was particularly famous and it contained the old form of 'manpu' such as a line depicting nasal breathing and caricatures of court nobles and samurai.
- 塚(つか Mound)とはその周囲の地面より、こんもりと丸く盛り上がった場所を指し、具体的には何かが集積、堆積した盛り上がりや、小さな山や丘や古墳などである。
- Tsuka (mound) means a raised round site higher than its surrounding land surface, specifically, it means an elevation made of a pile of something, a small mountain, a hill and an ancient burial mound.
- こうして吉沢は学んだ雅楽の調弦と、自分たちのものである近世箏曲の調弦を合わせ、雅楽の律音階と近世邦楽の都節音階の両システムを折衷した「古今調子」を編み出した。
- Combining the tuning techniques of the traditional Japanese music thus learned and his own tuning techniques of modern koto music, Yoshizawa came up with 'kokinchoshi' scale that is a combination of both systems of ritsu scale (anhemitonic pentatonic scale) in the traditional Japanese music and miyako-bushi scale (characteristic Japanese hemitonic pentatonic scale: mi, fa, la, ti, do) in the modern Japanese music.
- 特に戦に限っては「いくさ」の語源が弓で矢を放ち合う事を表す「射交わす矢(いくわすさ)」(矢・箭は古語ではサと読む)が、「いくさ(射交矢)」に変化したといわれる。
- Especially, concerning battles or wars, it is said that the term 'ikusa'(射交矢) comes from the words '射交わす矢(いくわすさ)' (ikuwasusa, that is, arrows which are shot) (the word '矢・箭' is pronounced as 'sa' in the ancient word).
- - 的屋とは基本的には祭礼や縁日や時節や年中行事で、寺社の参道や境内または門前町を主に、人出が見込まれる場所を渡り歩き商売をする、日本古来の伝統的な生業を指す。
- Tekiya is basically a traditional ancient Japanese vocation in which one travels looking for business in locations where a large number of people are expected, mainly around the sando (an approach to the temple) or precincts of temples and shrines, for rites and festivals, fairs, and annual events.
- 明治維新後、特に戦後は交通や通信の発展と多くの流派が衰退し同流多派が少なくなった事により、古武道の世界でも宗家制度が広まり、全国的な組織が作られる例も見られる。
- After the Meiji Restoration, especially after World War II, because traffic and communications developed, and a lot of schools declined and doryutaha (multi styles in the same school) decreased, Soke Seido (system of the head family or house) pervades also in the world of kobudo, and we can see cases where a nationwide organization has been established.
- 日本の法律では現在のところ、古式銃とは1867年の時点で国内に存在したことが個別に証明できた国産または外国製の歴史遺物銃器の実物である、ということになっている。
- In Japanese law at present, an ancient gun refers to a domestically-produced one or a real foreign-produced historical relic, which have been individually proven to have existed in Japan as of 1867.
- そのように、相手が抵抗しない、相手の攻撃は前もってわかっている稽古だけで、実際の自由な攻防(相手は抵抗する、相手の攻撃はわからない)への対応力が養えているか疑問。
- It is questionable whether the skill to respond to actual free offense and defense (the opponent resists, and the opponent's attack is unknown) is built solely through training in which the opponent doesn't resist and the opponent's attack is known in advance.
- 北朝では後漢の古文学が行われ、『周易』・『書経』・『毛詩』「三礼」は鄭玄注、『春秋左氏伝』は後漢の服虔(ふっけん)の注、『春秋公羊伝』は後漢の何休の注が尊ばれた。
- In the Northern Dynasty, Kobun learning of later Han was practiced, and 'Zhouyi,' 'Shujing,' 'Mao shi,' and 'Sanrai' honored annotations by Jo Gen, 'Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan,' the annotation by Fukken of later Han, and 'Shunju Kuyo-den,' the annotation by Ka Kyu of later Han.
- しかしさらに時代が下って化政文化のころには、豊原家・芝家・辻家といった古来からの楽家から下級楽人の家々にいたるまで、多くの門人を抱えるいわゆる家元になっていった。
- However, as time passed to reach the period of culture of Bunka and Bunsei, many gakuke including from gakuke each with long history such as the Toyohara family, the Shiba family, and the Tsuji family to families of low-ranked gakunin became so-called iemoto, the head of a system of licensing from a head family of a school with many pupils.
- 現存最古のものでは、奈良県の中家に伝わる梅干しで、天正4年(1576年)に漬け込まれたものが状態良好に保存されている(補充が利かないため試食はしていないという)。
- The oldest extant umeboshi have been handed down in the Naka family in Nara Prefecture, and those pickled in 1576 are still in good condition (it is reported that they have not been sampled because they can't be replenished).
- この項目では、競馬(くらべうま/きそいうま)、または駒競とも呼ばれる日本の古式競馬(馬を走らせてその走行速度を競わせてその馬の優劣を定める競技)について記述する。
- This article describes Japanese traditional horse racing (running horses for the speed competition and then deciding which horse is superior), called kurabeuma, kisoiuma, or komakurabe.
- 味噌により、肝がんを含めがんの発生が抑制されるという動物試験結果があることや古くから摂取され続けてきた食物であることから、麹酸の毒性は問題にならないとされている。
- Because animal experiments show that miso prevents the incidence of cancer including lung cancer, and it is a traditional food which has been eaten for a long time; the toxicity of kojic acid is considered to have little effect.
- 弘前の根笹派錦風流、浜松の普大寺の流れをくむ名古屋の西園流、京都の明暗寺の明暗真法流と明暗対山流、博多一朝軒、越後明暗寺、東北地方の布袋軒、松巖軒などの伝承である。
- Nezasa-ha Kinpu school of Hirosaki, the Seien school of Nagoya, which incorporates influences from the Fudai-ji Temple of Hamamatsu, the Myoan Jinpo school of Kyoto's Meian-ji Temple as well as the Myoan Taizan school, the Hakata Itchoken school, the Echigo Meian-ji Temple school, the Fusokan school of the Tohoku region, the Shoganken, and the like are schools that have been transmitted.
- 懐石(かいせき)とは、本来茶道において茶会の際、会の主催者である亭主が来客をもてなす料理をいい、禅寺の古い習慣である懐石にその名を由来する(詳細は歴史の節を参照)。
- Originally, the term 'kaiseki' meant a meal served at a chakai (tea party) by the host to entertain guests, and the name is derived from an old custom of Zen temples (temples belonging to the Zen sect); for details, please refer to the history section.
- 古文学は、今文学が一経専門で家法を頑なに遵守したのに対して、六経すべてを兼修し、ときには今文学など他学派の学説をとりいれつつ、経書を総合的に解釈することを目指した。
- While the Kinbun learning was specially restricted to only one classic and strictly followed the rules and interpretations of the school, the Kobun learning studied all of the Rikkei, sometimes adopting theories from other schools such as Kinbun, and aimed at a comprehensive interpretation of the Keisho.
- 稲庭うどんについて記述のある「稲庭古今事蹟誌」によると、寛文年間以前に秋田藩稲庭村小沢集落(現秋田県湯沢市稲庭町字小沢)の佐藤市兵衛によって始まると伝えられている。
- According to 'Inaniwa Kokin Jiseki-shi' (record of Inaniwa-cho) that has a description of Inaniwa Udon, Ichibe SATO living in the Kozawa hamlet, Inaniwa village, Akita Domain (now Aza Kozawa, Inaniwa-cho, Yuzawa City, Akita Prefecture) invented Inaniwa Udon prior to 1661.
- 平安時代の書物『政事要略』には、推古天皇十二年正月朔日に初めて日本人の手によって作られた暦の頒布を行ったとの記述があり、これは元嘉暦によるものであったと考えられる。
- In 'Seiji Yoryaku (Brief Outline of Government),' a book written in the Heian Period, it is recorded that the first calendar made by the Japanese people was distributed on the first day of January in 604, and it is believed that the said calendar was based on Genkareki.
- 江戸時代の古老が太閤検地のころは算木を使った、と回想しており、また『塵劫記』の開平計算が算木による方法に近いことから、江戸時代直前まで算木が優勢であったと思われる。
- For there is a story about an old man who lived during the Edo period remembering using sangi (arithmetic blocks) around the time of the Taiko kenchi (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's nationwide land survey), and also for the fact that the method for calculating square roots recorded in 'Jinkoki' is similar to calculations using sangi, it is thought that sangi was used as a primary tool for calculation up until just before the Edo period.
- 戦争中は、詩吟は国威高揚に資するものとして奨励されていたが、戦後は、古今の名詩を味わい、美しい日本語をもって表現するという芸術的な側面が前面に出されるようになった。
- During the war shigin was encouraged because of enhancing national prestige, but after the war they came to appreciate the good poetry of all time and emphasize the artistic aspects pursuing the expression by beautiful Japanese.
- 騎射はすぐに中央アジアの遊牧民の間に波及し、フン族、アヴァール人、マジャル人など同様の遊牧民族に次々と取り入れられ、後にモンゴル族にも及び、古代世界に普及して行った。
- Kisha skills soon spread through the nomadic tribes of Central Asia, and spread into other nomadic tribes such as the Hun, the Avar, the Magyar, one after another, later on reaching Mongolia and spreading into society in ancient times.
- 彼らは今文経(特にその中心とされる『春秋公羊伝』)こそ孔子の真意を伝えているとし、乾嘉の学が重んじる古文経学を排除して今文経、ひいては孔子へと回帰することを目指した。
- They believed that it was Kinbun-kei (especially, 'Shunju Kuyo-den' which it was centered around) that carried the true intent of Koshi, and it aimed at eliminating Kobun-kei learning, valued by Ken-Ka learning and returning to Kinbun-kei, and eventually, Koshi.
- また清末から隆盛した今文学派による古典批判の方法論は古籍に対する弁偽の風潮を興し、1927年、顧頡剛を始めとする疑古派が経書や古史の偽作を論ずる『古史弁』を創刊した。
- Additionally, the methodology of classics critique by the Kinbun learning school which flourished from the end of Qing brought a climate of clarification of truth or falsehood of old books, and in 1927, the Giko-ha school including Ko Ketsugo published 'Koshiben' (telling right from wrong about old history), which discussed forged Keisho and ancient history.
- 東周春秋時代、魯の孔子によって体系化され、堯・舜、文王 (周)武王 (周)周公旦の古えの君子の政治を理想の時代として祖述し、仁義の道を実践し、上下秩序の弁別を唱えた。
- Koshi of Lu systematized it in the Eastern Zhou Spring and Autumn Period, succeeded and developed the theories of the ancient men of virtue, Yao, Shun, King Wen of Zhou, King Wu of Zhou, and Duke of Zhou, as ideal politics, practiced a way of humanity and justice, and advocated the distinction of social standing and order.
- 名古屋を中心とする中部地方では、こんにゃくや豆腐などに八丁味噌をベースにしたたれを付けて焼いたり、それらを湯掻いて味噌だれをつけて食べる田楽(味噌田楽)も健在である。
- The Chubu region centering around Nagoya still has Dengaku (Misodengaku) in which konjac and tofu are either grilled with a sauce based on haccho miso (dark red miso) or boiled and eaten with Misodare dip.
- 古くは『今昔物語』に塩辛との文字が現れるが、江戸期以降の塩辛と同じものと確認できないことと、時代的に孤立していることから、初出は『日葡辞書』とするのが妥当と考えられる。
- The oldest reference to shiokara is seen in 'Konjaku Monogatari ' (The Tale of Times Now Past), but it cannot be confirmed that it is the same as the shiokara which was eaten during and after the Edo period and the age of konjaku Monogatari was historically isolated from other ages, so it would be appropriate to determine that shiokara appeared in 'Nippo jisho' (a Japanese-Portuguese dictionary) for the first time.
- しかし、相撲節会の最古の記録は『宮中行事秘事』などに伝えられる聖武天皇の神亀3年(726年)に令制国より相撲人(今日の力士)が貢進されというものであると考えられている。
- However, it is believed that the oldest record of Sumai no Sechie events is that referred to in 'Secret Imperial Events Chronicle' etc in the year 726 when we are told that Emperor Shomu had sumo wrestlers ('rikishi') who were subjects in his court controlled domains pay tribute.
- 武士が国家の中心勢力としての地位を確立するにいたって、日本は大陸の儒教文化圏からは異なった、古武道と為政者がその習得を行うことに上位の価値を認める文化の形成を開始した。
- As the samurai class established its status as the core power of the nation, Japan began seceding from the Confucian cultural sphere and forming its own unique culture under which the ruler highly valued Kobudo and its training.
- 基本的には、古武道である一人の師匠が一子相伝すると言うことは珍しく、多くの師範を育てる場合が多かった(ただしある段階以上は一族や近しい者にのみ伝える場合も見られた。)。
- Basically, in kobudo one shisho rarely put Isshi Soden into action, but often trained a number of shihan (however, the art higher than a certain grade are sometimes transmitted to only family members or close relatives.)
- ただし胡弓入りの三曲合奏がなくなったわけではなく、現在でも各地で行なわれ、特に名古屋では比較的盛んであるし、また山田流箏曲に藤植流の胡弓が加わり三曲合奏されることもある。
- However, kokyu's participation in sankyoku gasso is still seen nationwide, such as the relatively active one in Nagoya, and sometimes the participation of the Fujiue school's kokyu music in the Yamada school's koto music is seen.
- 「芸題」(げいだい)が詰まって「げだい」になったとする説もあるが、古代から中世にかけては絵巻物の外側に書かれた短い本題を「外題」と言っており、これが起源だとする説もある。
- One theory says that 'Geidai' (the title of the performance) was shortened into 'Gedai,' and the other theory says that 'Gedai' has its origin in the short and main title written on the outer part of the picture scroll, which was called 'Gedai' from ancient times to the medieval age.
- 北海道函館市の津軽海峡沿岸~亀田半島沿岸(旧南茅部町)~室蘭市周辺(噴火湾を除く)、青森県三厩~岩屋、岩手県宮古市重茂、サハリン南西部、沿海州、朝鮮半島東北部に生育する。
- It grows in the area from the Tsugaru Straits through the coasts of Kameda Peninsula (former Minamikayabe-cho Town) of Hakodate City to Muroran city (except the Funka Bay) in Hokkaido, on the coasts from Minmaya to Iwaya, Aomori Prefecture, on the coasts of Omoe, Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture, the southwestern Sakhalin, Enkai shu ([Russian] maritime provinces) and the northeastern part of the Korean peninsula.
- 古くから多くの酒米が開発されてきた酒どころとしては、亀の尾が一時期衰退してしまったこともあり、同県は長らく県独自のこれといった酒米に恵まれず、他県からの移入に頼っていた。
- Although many varieties of sakamai had been developed in Yamagata Prefecture since the old times, partly due to the decline of Kame no o for a certain period, Iwate Prefecture lacked a unique sakamai of its own and was obliged to rely on supplies from other prefectures.
- 歌舞伎伴奏などのプロの長唄奏者は営業が続けられたが、街角の稽古場で三味線を教えるようないわゆる「街のお師匠さん」(今で言う個人宅の音楽教室)は禁止されてしまったのである。
- Although professional nagauta players could continue to play the instruments to the accompaniment of kabuki and for other occasions, giving shamisen lessons in town, so-called 'music teachers in your town' (similar to private music lessons held at the teacher's house today), was banned.
- 銃刀法に定める範囲の古式銃の所持は、現代銃と異なり属人的な免許・許可ではなく、属物的な登録制で、登録は都道府県教育委員会の所管(かつては文化財保護委員会であった)である。
- As stipulated in the Firearm and Sword Control Law, in order to possess modern guns, he or she has to be licensed or permitted to do so, while in order to possess ancient guns, the guns themselves must be registered, which is under the jurisdiction of prefectural boards of education (formerly, under the jurisdiction of the Commission for the Protection of Cultural Properties).
- 最も古い例としてドイツで発生したフス戦争(1419 - 1436年)において、フス派信徒が円陣配置した荷車を防壁にしてハンドガンで射撃するという戦法を採ったとされている。
- As the oldest example, believers of Hussites are said to have arranged the carts in a circular formation, made them a protective wall and applied the tactics of shooting with handguns in the Hussite Wars (1419 – 1436) that occurred in Germany.
- 1960年代にテレビを中心にして起こった演芸ブームで台頭した、東京の当時の若手落語家立川談志・三遊亭圓楽 (5代目)(引退)・古今亭志ん朝・春風亭柳朝 (5代目)の総称。
- It is a general term for Danshi TATEKAWA, Enraku SANYUTEI (the fifth) (retired), Shincho KOKONTEI and Ryucho SHUNPUTEI (the fifth), rakugoka in Tokyo who were young at the time, and emerged with the entertainment boom arisen mainly from TV in the 1960s.
- 孔丘(孔子、紀元前551年‐紀元前479年)は実力主義が横行し身分制秩序が解体されつつあった周末、魯国に生まれ、周初への復古を理想として身分制秩序の再編と仁道政治を掲げた。
- Kokyu (Koshi, 551 B.C. - 479 B.C.) was born in Lu at the end of the Zhou period when the merit system was widespread and public order based upon social status was beginning to collapse, and he advocated the reorganization of public order based upon social status and politics of humanity, ideally returning to the beginning of the Zhou period.
- 特異なものとしては、はじめ古石州流、その後清水派の野崎兎園に学んだ朝田宗恭の流れや、その門人で井澤宗達(1891年~1972年)の流れなども清水派から派生したものと言える。
- Two unique styles, that of Sokyo ASADA, who learned the Ko-Sekishu School first and then the Shimizu-ha branch from Toen NOZAKI, and the style of Sotatsu IZAWA (1891 - 1972), who was Sokyo's student, are both descended from the Shimizu-ha branch.
- だが、家を保持継承するためには稽古を積み重ねて各分野における固有の「型」を習得する必要があり、その上で1代に1人もしくは少数にしか伝えられない口伝を伝授される必要があった。
- But to maintain and inherit such a family it was necessary to practice hard and master the specific 'Kata (form)' in the field and the 'Kata' was taught orally to one person or only a few people of a generation.
- 1974年に小型の電動(自動)餅つき機が普及し、一般家庭で古典的餅つき風景を見ることは少なくなったが、自治会や子供会の行事としては今も人気があり、歳末の風物詩となっている。
- In 1974, small electric (automatic) mochi pounding machines started to prevail and the scene of classical mochi pounding became less seen in the ordinary homes, however, the classical mochi pounding is currently still popular as an event held by a neighborhood association or a children's association, and gives a poetic touch to the end of the year.
- 一方、篳篥は穴の間隔が近く、使う素材は枯れて古く乾燥し、農家の囲炉裏の天井で 300 年~ 350 年、日々の生活の中で燻(いぶ)されたスス竹であるため非常に堅く割れやすい。
- However, the Hichiriki flute requires a close distance between the holes, the material is blighted, old, and dried, and it is bamboo that has been smoked in the ceiling above a fireplace (a sunken hearth) in a farmhouse in daily life for three hundred to three hundred fifty years, so it is very hard and fragile.
- 日本古来の豊作を祖霊に祈る祭(お盆)に、中国から伝来した女性が針仕事の上達を願う乞巧奠(きっこうでん/きこうでん)や佛教の盂蘭盆会(お盆)などが習合したものと考えられている。
- It is thought that tanabata originated as the Japanese traditional festival in which people pray for a good harvest to the spirits of ancestors (Bon festival) merged with Kikkoden (Kikoden), a festival imported from China in which women pray for the progress of sewing, and the Buddhist festival of Urabon-e (Bon festival).
- 武道(ぶどう)とは、伝統的な日本武術(古武道)から発展したもので、人を殺傷・制圧する技術に、その技を磨く稽古を通じて人格の完成をめざす、といった芸道の面が加わったものである。
- Budo has developed from a traditional Japanese martial art ('kobudo,' old budo), to which has been added the aspect of 'geido' (the way of artistic self-discipline), which aims for the perfection of character through practices to hone the skills, to the techniques to kill or conquer others.
- このため、各地に古くから伝わる伝統的な番茶には様々な製法で作られたものがあり、茶の木から葉を摘み取って自然乾燥させただけの薬草茶の様なものから中国茶のような発酵茶まで存在する。
- Because of this, traditional bancha of various regions have differing manufacturing methods, ranging from those like herbal teas which consist only of leaves which have been dried naturally, to fermented teas like those from China.
- 古代律令制では雅楽寮が置かれていたが、しだいに諸家が家芸として独占的に世襲するようになり、律令制度の解体に伴って10世紀に蔵人所におかれた楽所(がくそ)に実質が移ることになる。
- Under the ancient Ritsuryo codes, gagaku-ryo (a governmental agency for gagaku musicians) was established, however, various families gradually monopolized gagaku as their family art and the actual base of activities of the musicians was shifted to gakuso (chamber of music) which was established in kurododokoro (the Chamberlain's Office) in the 10th Century associated with the dissolution of the Ritsuryo system.
- 逆に尾張藩の新陰流や岩国藩・長州藩の片山伯耆流、弘前藩の當田流などといった、木刀や袋竹刀での形中心で防具着用の試合稽古を取り入れなかった流派には門弟の数に著しい増加はなかった。
- In contrast, a substantial increase in the number of disciples was not seen in the schools that didn't introduce training matches using protectors while instead placing emphasis on kata training with wooden swords and fukuro shinai, such as the Shinkage-ryu School in the Owari domain, the Katayama-Hoki-ryu School in the Iwakuni and Choshu domain and the Toda-ryu School in the Hirosaki domain.
- 古く縄文時代の遺跡から見つかる勾玉などのアクセサリー、日本神話に見られる三種の神器(勾玉・鏡)などから初期の衣類を含めた身体装飾には権威的・呪術的な意味があったと考えられている。
- Accessories such as magadama (a comma-shaped bead) found in the old remains of the Jomon period, and three sacred imperial treasures (magadama and mirror) appearing in the Japanese Mythology showed that clothing accessories including clothes of an early date had meanings of authority and magic.
- 騎射は世界史的にはスキタイ文化(紀元前8世紀~紀元前3世紀)の初期から存在し、この疾走する馬上から矢を射るという特異性から古代ギリシア人はケンタウロスを想像したと考えられている。
- Kisha has existed since the beginning of Scythian culture (8 B.C. to 3 B.C.) and it is presumed that ancient Greek people imagined the Centaur when they first saw someone shooting an arrow while riding a horse.
- 「雅楽の琵琶」 (楽琵琶) のように、大陸では失われてしまった古い姿を残している楽器も多いが、「三味線」「尺八」「能囃子」「能囃子・能囃子」のように独特な進化を遂げたものもある。
- While many Wagakki, such as the 'Gagaku Biwa' (a Japanese lute traditionally used for ceremonial court music), have retained their original forms (and these forms can no longer be found in mainland Asian), other instruments, such as the Shamisen (a three-stringed musical instrument), the Shakuhachi (a five-holed traverse bamboo flute), the Nohkan (a traverse flute used in Noh), and the Ko-tsuzumi and O-tsuzumi (small and large drums, respectively, that are used in Noh), have developed in a unique fashion in Japan.
- 『継色紙』(つぎしきし)は、もと粘葉装の冊子本で、多くの場合2ページにわたり、『古今和歌集』・『万葉集』などの歌を、紫、藍、赭、緑などに染めた襖鳥の子物語に1首ずつ書写している。
- The 'Tsugi-shikishi' was originally a booklet bound in the decchoso style and containing poems from works such as the 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), with one poem written across two pages which are made of thick 'tori no ko' paper that is dyed various colors including purple, indigo, brown and green.
- かつて、「年男」は室町幕府や江戸幕府では、古い儀式に通じた者が任じられていたが、一般の家では、主として家の家長がその任にあたり、次第に長子や奉公人、若い男性が当たるようになった。
- In the old times, the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and the Edo bakufu used to appoint a man well versed in old rituals as toshi-otoko while in ordinary households, the head of a family used to take on the role, which gradually shifted to the eldest son, a servant or a young man.
- また、古来、日本の公家社会・武家社会の茶席などで、床の間を飾る置物として、山水景を感じとれる石として重用された「山水石」もしくは「山水景石」が省略されたものであるという説もある。
- The term is also said to be an abbreviation for 'sansuiseki' or 'sansuikeiseki'(landscape stone) which was held important as an ornament in tokonoma (an alcove in a traditional Japanese room where art or flowers are displayed), a reminder of landscape scenery at tea ceremonies and the like in ancient Japanese court-noble and samurai societies.
- 『古今和歌集』、『金葉和歌集』から千鳥を詠んだ和歌二首を採り歌とし、器楽部である「前弾き」(前奏部)および「手事」(歌と歌に挟まれた、楽器だけの長い間奏部)を加えて作曲したもの。
- The song was composed based on two original waka poems about chidori (plover) included in 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) and 'Kinyo Wakashu' (Kinyo Collection of Japanese poems) and added with instrumental parts of 'maebiki' (introduction) and 'tegoto' (long instrumental intermezzo between songs).
- 身体各部の柔軟など稽古前の準備運動としての性格もあるが、「鳥船」「振魂」など神道の禊の行法の一部も取り入れられており、これ単独で“気の鍛錬”・“呼吸力の鍛錬”に効果があるとされる。
- By stretching various parts of the body, it serves as a warm-up exercise before training, but some misogi (purification ceremony) gyoho (method of ascetic practice) of Shinto such as 'torifune' (bird rowing misogi exercise) and 'furutama' (soul shaking) are included, and it's believed that this alone is effective for the 'discipline of qi' and the 'discipline of breath power.'
- また神道や修験道、仏教の一部などで寒修行または寒行と称して、海・川などの水に入る、或いは滝に打たれるなどをして精神を鍛錬している事から、武道の寒稽古でこれを取り入れている事も多い。
- As Shinto religion, Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism) and some sects of Buddhism incorporate ascetic practices like bathing in the sea/river or standing under a waterfall, called kanshugyo or kangyo, with the aim of mental training, Kangeiko of budo often incorporate such exercises.
- 的屋に代表される露天商は寺社との繋がりが深く、古くから地域住民に支えられてきたが、近年では日本人自体が寺社との繋がりが薄く檀家や氏子として、祭りなどに積極的に参加しなくなっている。
- Rotensho represented by tekiya were deeply connected to temples and shrines supported by local residents over a long period of time, but in recent years Japanese people have become less connected to temples and shrines, and do not actively participate in festivals as a danka (supporter of a Buddhist temple) or ujiko (shrine parishioner).
- 橘を植えるのは、河勝宅地の縁だけではなくて、橘が古くからトキジクノカクノコノミといわれ、その葉が寒暖の別なく常に生い茂り栄えるから、長寿瑞祥の樹として珍重されたからでもあるという。
- A mandarin orange tree was transplanted not only for its relation with Kawakatsu; with the name of 'Tokijikuno Kakuno-konomi,' an ever-shining fruit, it was treated as a symbol of long life and auspiciousness since old times due to its always having dense leaves regardless of the difference in temperature.
- 『古事記』・『日本書紀』において天岩屋戸の前で舞ったとされる天鈿女命の故事にその原型が見られ、その子孫とされた「猨女君」の女性達は代々神祇官の女官として神楽を奉納したとされている。
- The original pattern of mikomai dance can be seen in the 'Kojiki' (A Record of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) as a historical event of Ame no Uzume no mikoto (the goddess of dawn and revelry), who performed a dance in front of Ama no Iwayato (a rock cave where Amaterasu, deity of the Sun, had hidden), and women of the 'Sarume no kimi' (descendants of Ama no Uzume no mikoto) were reported to have been successively engaged in offering the Kagura dance to gods as court ladies of Jingikan (a department of worship in charge of clergy and Shinto rituals).
- 舞鶴市:東郷平八郎が初めて司令長官として赴任したのが舞鶴鎮守府であり、現存する最古の肉じゃがのレシピが舞鶴鎮守府所属艦艇で炊烹員をしていた故人から舞鶴総監部に寄贈されたものである。
- Maizuru City: Maizuru Chinjufu (a navy base) was the first place of Heihachiro TOGO's assignment as Admiral, and the oldest existing recipe of nikujaga was donated to Maizuru District Headquarters by the deceased who used to be a cook on a naval vessel belonging to Maizuru Chinjufu.
- この様な世相に煽られ公的な弓道場が姿を消していく中、私設弓道場を開くなど弓術古来からの伝統を正しく引き継ごうとする真摯な弓術家の活動により、日本弓道の命脈・伝統文化は保たれていった。
- While the public Kyudo dojos (training halls) disappeared under such social conditions, Japanese Kyudo and its traditional culture survived thanks to activities by sincere Kyujutsu-ka (those who do Kyujutsu), who worked on properly passing down the ancient Kyujutsu traditions by opening private Kyudo dojos, etc.
- ういろうは1931年に名古屋駅でホームでういろうの立ち売りを始め、1964年に東海道新幹線が開通後はういろうだけが新幹線での車内販売が許されたことからういろうは有名になったとされる。
- It is said that the Uiro was first sold at a stand on the platform of Nagoya station in 1931 and that it became famous because only Uiro was permitted to be sold in the train after the opening of New Tokaido Line in 1964.
- 日本古来からの物真似や形態模写などのお笑い芸や剣舞や独り相撲の舞踊りと唐から伝わった奇術や手品または、軽業や曲芸などの芸が合わさりできた芸能で、奉納相撲や御神楽祭の夜祭で演じられた。
- It consisted of impersonations and other comedy routines, sword dancing, and dancing in one man sumo, as well as Tang's magic shows, acrobatics and stunts performed at honozumo (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) and kagura (Shinto music and dance) festivals held at night.
- 古事記に登場する三柱の神:天之御中主神(あめのみなかぬしのかみ)・高御産巣日神(たかみむすびのかみ)・神産巣日神(かみむすびのかみ)は、天と地が分かれて初めて現れた神様の名前である。
- Three pillar gods, Ameno minakanushi no kami, Takami musubi no kami, and Kami musubi no kami appeared in Kojiki (A Record of Ancient Matters) are the names of the gods who came on for the first time after the heaven and earth divided.
- 現在「なます」の調味料として用いられるものとしては、甘酢、二杯酢、三杯酢、ゆず酢、たで酢などがあるが、古くは煎り酒(鰹節、梅干、酒、水、溜まりを合わせて煮詰めたもの)なども用いられた。
- At present, the seasoning materials used for 'namasu' are sweet vinegar, 'nihaizu' (vinegar and soy sauce mixed in roughly equal proportions), 'sanbaizu' (vinegar, soy sauce and mirin (or sugar) mixed in roughly equal proportions), Japanese citron vinegar, 'tadesu' (vinegar with water pepper) and so on, but traditionally boiled-down sake (made by mixing dried bonito, Japanese apricot, sake, water and soy sauce and boiling them down) and so on were also used.
- 日本の文化も単純にひとくくりにできるものではなく、様々な要素を含んでおり、古代から中世にいたっては中国を中心としたアジアの近隣諸国、そして明治以降の近~現代では欧米からの影響を受けた。
- The Japanese culture cannot be bracketed simply because it contains various elements, the Japanese culture in a period from ancient times to the medieval period was affected by neighboring countries in Asia around China, and in the period from early modern times to modern times after the Meiji period was affected by western countries.
- 沢村一之は『古今算法記』で中国の天元術、すなわち一変数の代数方程式とその数値的解法を導入し、また、同書の遺題で天元術では扱えない複数の変数をもった代数方程式を必要とする問題を提出した。
- Kazuyuki SAWAMURA introduced Tengen-jutsu (an algebra developed during 13th century China), which was an algebra equation for a variable number and its numerical method of solution, in his book 'Kokon Sanpo-ki' (Old and New Mathematics), and he further presented a problem that required an algebra equation containing various numbers that could not be solved using only Tengen-jutsu as an idai to the book.
- 幕末の箏独立期の曲として、先輩光崎検校の作品『秋風の曲』は異国的、ロマンティックであり、同じく『五段砧』はモダン、複雑であるのに対し、吉沢の『千鳥の曲』は古雅、シンプルであるといえる。
- As the music in the period for separating koto in the end of Edo period, while 'Akikaze no kyoku' by his senior, Mitsuzaki Kengyo, is exotic and romantic and 'Godanginuda' by the same is modern and complicated, Yoshizawa's 'Chidori no Kyoku' may be traditional and simple.
- 稽古は一般的に、二人一組の約束組手形式(何の技を使うか合意の元に行う)の形稽古中心であり、「取り(捕り)」(技を掛ける側)と「受け」(技を受ける側)の役を相互に交代しながら繰り返し行う。
- Training is generally centered around a yakusoku kumite (prearranged fighting) form of kata training done in pairs, and it is repeated, switching the roles of 'tori' (attacker, the one who applies the technique) and 'uke' (defender, the one to whom the technique is applied).
- 古代史家の三宅和朗はこの変化について、平安初期における触穢信仰の高まりが、葬送儀礼にも深く関わっていた方相氏に対する忌避感を強め、穢れとして追われる側に変化させたのではないかとしている。
- Kazuo MIYAKE, an ancient historian explains that this change may have occurred because popularity of Shokue shinko (uncleanliness religion) in the early Heian period developed the sense of avoidance against Hososhi, who had been deeply related with funeral rites, and altered the position of Hososhi to be expelled as impurities.
- 『古今和歌集』の撰者の一人である壬生忠岑は、歌論『和歌体十種』の高情体の説明において「詞は凡そ流たりと雖も、義は幽玄に入る、諸歌の上科と為す也」と表現し、高情体を十種の最高位としている。
- MIBU no Tadamine, one of the compilers of 'Kokin wakashu', expressed it as follows: 'Words are flowing, but meanings are entering Yugen. It is the highest rank of any waka.' to explain the Kojo style of a treatise on waka poetry 'Wakatai Jissyu (the Ten Styles of Waka)', and considered the Kojo style as the highest rank of Jissyu.
- また、伝統などの違いにより例外もあるが、多くの祭りにおいては工夫を凝らした美しい衣装や化粧、厚化粧を施して稚児、巫女、手古舞、踊り子、祭囃子、行列等により氏子が祭礼に参加することも多い。
- In many matsuri, although there are exceptions due to a difference of tradition, shrine parishioners often participate in the rites and festivals by putting on an artful and beautiful costume, and makeup or heavy makeup, as chigo (beautifully dressed children parading at festivals), miko (a shrine maiden), performers of tekomai (float leading dance), dancers, performers of festival music, participants in the parade and so on.
- 艶麗さと古雅な味いを共存させ、寂びた風情には捨てがたいものがあるが、惜しむらくは常磐津と清元のあいだにあって独自性が発揮できなかったために、歴史の流れに打ち克つことができなかったのである。
- Although its elegant simplicity, arising from the combination of eroticism and antique flavor, has a charm all its own, it has failed to show its uniqueness against Tokiwazu and Kiyomoto and therefore cannot resist the tide of history.
- いっぽう幕末になると名古屋の吉沢検校の『花の縁』、『夏衣』などをはじめ九州の『尾上の松』、『海女小舟』、広島の『花形見』など、各地でも京流手事物の形式にのっとった曲が作られるようになった。
- On the other hand, across Japan in the end of Edo period, the works which applied the form of Kyoto-style tegotomono were composed, such as 'Hana no enishi,' 'Natsugoromo' and so on by kengyo YOSHIZAWA in Nagoya, 'Onoe no Matsu' (Pine Tree On Mountain) and 'Ama obune' in Kyushu and 'Hanagatami' in Hiroshima and so on.
- 「にじみ出る液がそれを護持する」ならば「へしこ」は魚の腐敗を防ぎ長期保存する古代人の知恵であり、「にじみ出る液がそれを生成する」の意味ならば、独特のうまみを生み出す技法ととることもできる。
- If the word means 'the liquid coming out maintains it,' 'Heshiko' is a piece of ancient wisdom to prevent fish from rotting and to preserve them for a long time, while if the word means 'the liquid coming out creates it,' it can be understood as a means to create its unique flavor.
- 古浄瑠璃時代にはその人の名を付して何某節と呼ばれていたように、浄瑠璃の流派は多分に個性的な名人芸の代名詞として行われ、決してそれがひとつの様式として後代に受け継がれる性格のものではなかった。
- As is clear from the fact that they were referred to with the names of individuals attached to the days of old Joruri, various schools of Joruri were synonymous with the masterly performances of individuals instead of the ones to be inherited as patterns.
- 1999年、仙台市で行われた成人式で、エジプト考古学者の吉村作治の講演の際、新成人のマナーのあまりの低劣さを実感し「これは新成人ではなく新生児の祝いだ。二度と成人式で講演しない」と激怒した。
- In 1999, at the Seijin-shiki ceremony held in Sendai City, while giving a lecture, Sakuji YOSHIMURA, Egyptologist, really felt that the behavior of new adults was terrible, got furious, and said, 'this is a celebration to cast blessings upon new-born babies not new adults. I will never give a lecture at the Seijin-shiki ceremony again.'
- しかし、吉田よし子(『カレーなる物語』)の調べによると、その記録は北海道大学に現存せず、カレーに関するもっとも古い資料は、1877年9月のカレー粉の納入記録と1881年の寮食メニューであった。
- However, according to a survey by Yoshiko YOSHIDA ('Karenaru Monogatari' - story about curry), such a record is non-existent in Hokkaido University, with the curry-related oldest records being the delivery record of curry powder of September 1877 and the dormitory meal menu of 1881.
- 柔術の流れを汲む柔道の試合に当身技がなく、幕末あたりから各地で行われた他流試合や乱捕稽古も当身技を禁じていた場合が多いこと(現代柔道では多くの形が演武用、セレモニー用となっている傾向がある。)
- Firstly, the jujutsu descendant judo has no atemi-waza in its match, and jujutsu itself often forbade atemi-waza in 'taryu jiai' (a contest between representatives of different schools) and in randori, which both began to be held in many places from around the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate; in today's judo's atemi-waza, many 'kata' tend to become an art for a show or for a ceremonial performance.
- それがこころていと呼ばれるようになり、さらに転じてところてんとなったとされるが、古くは正倉院の書物中に心天と記されている事から奈良時代には既にこころてんまたはところてんと呼ばれていた様である。
- Then it came to be called 'kokorotei', and by further extension, 'tokoroten'; however, it seems that names such as 'kokoroten' and 'tokoroten' were already used in the Nara period as is shown by its mention in days gone by in a writing stored in Shoso-in Treasure Repository.
- 古くは市(朝市、定期市)や縁日などで時節の縁起物を売っていた蓮の葉商いや、その目抜き通りで大道芸などを行っていた手品師、太神楽とも言われる曲芸師や曲独楽師などが、現在の的屋の源流ともいわれる。
- It is said that today's tekiya date back to traders of lotus leaves (dealing with seasonal goods) who sold lucky charms of the season at markets (morning markets and seasonal markets) and fairs, magicians performing street performances on the main streets, and acrobatic artists also known as daikagura (lion dancer) and kyokugomashi (spinning trick performers).
- そのなかで、儒教の影響以前に、日本古来の呪術的発想から、軍事力ないし警察力の行使というケガレ仕事は国家の制度の内に公式のものとして存在を認めないという世界でも類の少ない特異な制度が採用された。
- In such a situation, Japan adopted a unique system in the world, based on Japanese traditional magical philosophy rather than Confucian philosophy, under which impure works such as the use of military and police force were not regarded as official system of the nation.
- そのシャーマニズムから祖先崇拝の要素を取り出して礼教化し、仁愛の理念をもって、当時、身分制秩序崩壊の社会混乱によって解体していた古代社会の道徳的・宗教的再編を試みたのが孔子であると主張している。
- She claimed that Koshi attempted to morally and religiously reorganize the ancient society, which was falling apart due to social disorder caused by collapse of public order based on the system of social status, by extracting the ancestor worship factor from shamanism and organizing it as Rei-kyo, and by embracing a philosophy of sympathy.
- もっとも、この時代には飾り物としての古の形式と、一生の災厄をこの人形に身代りさせるという祭礼的意味合いが強くなり、武家子女など身分の高い女性の嫁入り道具の家財のひとつに数えられるようにもなった。
- During this period, however, Hina-matsuri increasingly had a ritualistic aspect of having the dolls suffer all the present and future misfortunes in place of people in addition to the traditional aspect of a display, and the Hina-matsuri doll set was considered to be one of the bride's household articles for high-ranking females such as the daughters of samurai families.
- 日本は古来から様々な職業において「組」と言う徒弟制度や雇用関係があり、的屋も噛み砕いて表現すれば、親分子分(親方子方・兄弟分・兄弟弟子)の関係を基盤とする企業や互助団体、その構成する人々でもある。
- Japan, since ancient times, has groups called 'kumi' that offer employment or apprenticeships in various fields and, simply put, tekiya are businesses and mutual aid societies (as well as the people who found them) based on the traditional Japanese mentor-apprentice system (also referred as the relationship of Oyabun-kobun, Oyakata kokata [father-son], Kyodaibun [brother-brother], kyodai deshi [fellow pupil]).
- 弘前城、松本城、丸岡城、犬山城、彦根城、姫路城、松江城、松山城 (備中国)、丸亀城、松山城 (伊予国)、宇和島城、高知城(以上「現存天守現存12天守」)、名古屋城、大阪城、熊本城、首里城、五稜郭など
- Hirosaki-jo Castle, Matsumoto-jo Castle, Maruoka-jo Castle, Inuyama-jo Castle, Hikone-jo Castle, Himeji-jo Castle, Matsue-jo Castle, Matsuyama-jo Castle (Bicchu Province), Marugame-jo Castle, Matsuyama-jo Castle (Iyo Province), Uwajima-jo Castle and Kochi-jo Castle (12 castles whose castle towers are now existing), and Nagoya-jo Castle, Osaka-jo Castle, Kumamoto-jo Castle, Shuri-jo Castle, Goryokaku, etc.
- 古くから自然に存在する在来種ではなく、人工的に開発された品種のうちで、栽培・流通の形態変化の酒蔵が製成酒の目標とする酒質にあわせて自社交配したり、その他民間会社や教育機関が開発した酒米の品種をさす。
- This means a variety of sakamai that isn't one of the conventional varieties that existed naturally since the old times but has been artificially developed by breweries, as well as through changes in the methods of growing and distribution, in keeping with the quality of sake they aim for through their own cross-fertilization or development by educational institutions or private-sector companies.
- 日本が大日本帝国として欧米列強に力で対抗しようと国民皆兵を進めてゆく時、古来の剣術の習得を簡便にしたものとしての剣道が旧士族の武士ではない旧制中学生に習得され広まったことは、国民の精神に影響を与えた。
- When Japan, as the Empire of Japan carried on the universal conscription to confront the allied Western powers by force, easy-to-learn Kendo, as derived from time-honored Kenjutsu, was acquired and became popular among students of the old-system junior high schools who were not samurai (warriors) of the former warrior class, and this influenced the national spirit.
- 天明8年(1788年)、天明の大火に遭遇、家屋敷を失うが、他の千家十職がそれまでの家伝や資料なども失った家が多かったのに対し、黒田家は倉だけは焼け残ったため、比較的古い資料を現代まで伝える結果となる。
- In 1788, he lost his estate during the Great Fire of Tenmei, but thanks to warehouse of the Kuroda family which survived, old materials have been passed down through the family to this day, while most of other Senke Jisshoku lost their family traditions and materials.
- 平仮名の使用は長い間女性に限定されていたと言われてきたが、実際には和歌を中心として男性が非公式の場において平仮名を用いる事もあり、日本最初の勅撰和歌集『古今和歌集』も平仮名交じりの文体が採用されている。
- Although hiragana (Japanese syllabary characters) had been believed for long to be used only by female, male also used hiragana in writing informal sentences like waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables), which are shown in 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), the first Chokusenshu (anthology of poems compiled by Imperial command) in Japan, written in hiragana-mingled style.
- 催馬楽のなかの古歌は、「我駒」が『万葉集』巻12にあり、「葛城」は光仁天皇即位のときの童謡で『続日本紀』、『日本現報善悪霊異記』にあり、「妹之門」は『万葉集』巻11にあり、「河口」は「古今六帖」にある。
- For old songs in Saibara, there are 'Agakoma' in Volume 12 of 'Manyoshu'(Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), and 'Kazuraki', a children's song sung during the enthronement of the Emperor Konin in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) and 'Nihon genho zenaku ryoiki' (set of three books of Buddhist stories, written in the late 8th and early 9th century, usually referred to as the Nihon Ryouiki), 'Imogakado' in Volume 11 of 'Manyoshu,' and 'Kawakuchi' in 'Kokin Rokujo' (Kokin waka rokujo).
- このことにより、日本では庶民の娯楽であり、読み古されたものやミスプリントが船便の梱包材に使われるほど安値で取引されていた浮世絵は、ヨーロッパで当時の日本人には考えられないほどの高値で取引される事になった。
- This brought about the situation in Europe that Ukiyoe pieces were traded at high prices that were unthinkable in Japan at the time, while in Japan Ukiyoe were for ordinary people's entertainment and secondhand and defective ones were traded at prices so low that they were used as packaging material for sea cargoes.
- また、日本の古代音楽を最も古い形のまま現在まで伝承しているとされる恐山などのイタコが、交霊の際に演奏する楽器の一つとしても用いられる(ただし和琴を使うのはごく一部で、一般にイタコが用いる楽器は梓弓が多い)。
- Wagon is also played by itako (the Japanese shaman) of Osore-zan Mountain in the ceremony of necromancy, and this music is believed to be the oldest existing Japanese ancient music (provided that a small minority of itako use wagon and azusayumi - a bow made of Japanese cherry birch - is generally used by other itako).
- また歌論『ささめごと』において、一般人が単に「姿の優ばみたること」を幽玄と心得るのに対し、「古人の幽玄体と取りおけるは、心を最用とせしにや」として美意識ともいうべき「心の艶」が条件として伴うものとしている。
- Also in his poetry criticism 'Sasamegoto' (Murmurings) he wrote 'for ancient people the most important thing in Yugen was heart' and having aesthetic appreciation while ordinary people consider Yugen only as 'something that has deep flavor.'
- (したがって実物に忠実に作られたものであってもレプリカは認められないが、これは古式銃の登録制度が歴史史料及びその美術価値の保存を目的としていて、射撃に使用することを想定して制定されたものでないことによる。)
- (Thus, the replica, even though made faithfully to the real one, is not allowed; this is because the registration system for ancient guns is for the purpose of the preservation of historical materials and artistic values, and is not established for shooting use.)
- 二刀剣法の技術は、多くの古武道で継承されているが、形は様々で、左手に打刀を持つものや、逆手で扱うもの、珍しいものでは二振りの脇差を使う、二刀小太刀術(柳生心眼流、天道流など)や二丁十手、二丁鎌なども存在する。
- The technique of two-sword fencing has been inherited by many classical Japanese martial arts in various styles, for example using an uchigatana (a type of sword used since the latter Muromachi period) in the left hand or holding a sword with a reverse grip, as well as some curious styles such as two-wakizashi fencing called nito-kodachi jutsu (literally, 'two small-sword fencing,' adopted by the Yagyu Shingan-ryu school, the Tendo-ryu school and others), nicho-jutte (two short metal truncheons), and nicho-gama (two-sickles).
- -パチンコやスマートボールの原型となったもので自作のもので一等、二等、三等、スカなどのゴールを作り、玉の入った先で商品の当たり外れを楽しむといった遊戯で、現在では古くなったパチンコ台を利用していることが多い。
- This is a handmade game where customers try to get a ball in goals labeled first prize, second prize, third prize or a booby prize; it was the foundation of pachinko and smart ball, and nowadays often uses old pachinko machines.
- 弥生時代の鎧、剣、矛、鏃、弓 (武器)、埴輪などの出土品や、『古事記』、『日本書紀』などの日本神話に剣、矛、刀、弓など武器の記述があることから、なんらかの武技は存在していたものと思われるが、詳細は不明である。
- The artifacts such as yoroi (armor), ken (swords with two edges sharpened), hoko (long-handled Chinese spears), yajiri (arrowheads), yumi (bows as a weapon), haniwa (clay figures), and the like of the Yayoi period have been found, and Japanese Mythology in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), etc include descriptions of the weapons such as ken, hoko, katana (swords), yumi, and the like, so it can be guessed that there were some kinds of bugi (martial practices), but the details can't be known.
- ただし、現在「醤油だんご」として各地に残るものは商品化しているため、蒸したままの柔らかい団子に生醤油をつけたものや、焼きながら醤油をつけたもの、あるいは、磯辺餅に似たものなど、既に古い製法からの変化が見られる。
- However, since 'soy sauce dumplings' that have remained in various districts are merchandised nowadays, there are variety of recipes that have changed from the old recipe, such as, dipping hot steamed dumplings into raw soy sauce, roasting and dipping dumplings into soy sauce, and something similar to Isobe rice cake.
- 1974年(昭和49年)7月に始まった旭堂南陵主宰の「堺おたび寄席」(堺市、2005年3月に中断したが場所を代えて復活、講談と落語の会)と同年9月から続く「田辺寄席」(大阪市、桂文太と世話人会が運営)は最古参。
- The oldest are the following two: 'Sakai Otabi Yose' (Sakai City) which Nanryo KYOKUDO began in July 1974 (and suspended in March 2005 and later revived in a different place, offering kodan and rakugo storytelling) and 'Tanabe Yose' which began in September 1974 and continues to this day, (held in Osaka City and run by Bunta KATSURA and his friends).
- 日本では、食糧の保存加工技術が進歩した縄文時代中期のものと思われる、堅果などのデンプン質が残留した、ビスケットないしはパン状の「縄文クッキー」(パン(クッキー)状炭化物)と呼ばれる、炭化物の考古遺物が出土する。
- In Japan, carbonized archaeological relics, called 'Jomon cookies' (carbonized bread like (cookie like) materials) were excavated, that contain residues of the nut's starch and are thought to be relics from the middle of the Jomon period, when the technique for preserving and processing food had progressed.
- また日本側検査の信頼性については、厚生労働省名古屋検疫所は同日(2007年7月10日)基準値の勘違いなどのミスで殺虫剤ベンゼンヘキサクロリドが残留する中国産ショウガ25トンが流通してしまったことを発表している。
- As for the credibility of inspection in Japan, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Nagoya Quarantine Station announced on the same day (July 10, 2007) that because of a misunderstanding of the criterion value, 25 tons of ginger from China with residual insecticide benzene hexachloride had been distributed.
- また愛知県名古屋周辺の特徴的なお雑煮では、餅とコマツナの一種である「もち菜」(正月菜とも呼ばれる)を入れて醤油の澄まし汁仕立てで鰹節をかけたものがあり、富山県ではそれに加えて魚や蒲鉾などを入れて食べるものがある。
- Zoni unique to the Nagoya area in Aichi Prefecture contains mochi, a type of brassica rapa called 'mochina' (also called 'shogatsuna') with a soy-sauce soup sprinkled with shaved bonito, and in Toyama Prefecture fish or boiled fish paste is also added.
- 改革開放が進む中で儒学や老荘思想など広く中国の古典を元にした解釈学である国学 (中国)が「中華民族の優秀な道徳倫理」として再評価されるようになり国学から市場経済に不可欠な商業道徳を学ぼうという機運が生まれている。
- With reform and opening-up under way, the study of Chinese classical literature, which was an interpretative learning based on a wide range of Chinese classics from Ju-kyo and the thought of Laozi and Zhuangzi, was reappraised as 'the brilliant moral values of the Chinese people,' and a momentum to learn business ethics essential for the market economy from the study of Chinese classical literature is rising.
- このような時期に草仮名が用いられた理由について筆跡研究家の渡部清は、「原本が草仮名であったため同じような書体で書写したか、あるいは少し改まった態度でやや古い書体を用いて書写したということであろうか」と記している。
- Handwriting researcher Kiyoshi WATABE wrote that the reason sogana was used at such a time is 'it may have been used for the original and just been copied, or copied from a little older calligraphic style with more formal attitude.'
- 中国長江文明では、三星堆遺跡から出土した青銅器(青銅神樹と呼ばれる)には木に止まる太陽を模した9羽の鳥があり、上古神話では鳥は8羽が既に死んでおり現在の太陽は最後の1羽だが既に瀕死であるという(故に供物を捧げた)。
- The bronze ware (called seidoshinju) unearthed from Sanseitai-iseki Remains in the region of Chinese Chang Jiang Culture has nine birds representing suns perching on a tree, and according to ancient mythology, the eight birds were already dead and the last bird which represented the current sun was almost dead (offerings were already made).
- 明治39年(1906年)までは石川県大聖寺町の前田家に16首半の零本(完全でない本)が伝えられ、現在確認される『継色紙』の和歌は、1首が出典未詳のほかは、『古今和歌集』所収歌が27首、『万葉集』所収歌が6首である。
- The incomplete book of sixteen waka poems and a half were transmitted to the Maeda family in Daishoji-cho, Ishikawa Prefecture until 1906, but now one from unknown source, twenty-seven included in 'Kokin Wakashu,' and six in 'Manyoshu' are the confirmed waka poetry of 'tsugi-shikishi.'
- 古くは16世紀、命を狙われた京阿波根実基(きょうあはごんじっき)が空手(くうしゅ)にて相手の股間を蹴り上げたとの記述が正史『球陽』にあり、これは唐手以前の素手格闘術であったと考えられているが、その実態は判然としない。
- The 'Kyuyo' (the chronicles of Ryukyu) introduces an episode in which, during the sixteenth century, when Jikki KYOAHAGON was assaulted by an assassin he kicked the assassin in the groin through an art of 'kushu' (空手), which is considered to be an unarmed (bare hands) martial art prior to toudee, although there is no clear depiction of such an art.
- つくば科学万博においてポルトガル館で展示された「スリランカの火縄銃」は、日本製の銃に現地好みの木象嵌を銃床に施した「輸出仕様の堺筒」であるとの見方が日本の古銃研究家の間から出されており、この説を裏付ける資料とされる。
- Japanese old gun researchers say that 'matchlock guns in Sri Lanka' exhibited in the Portugal Pavilion of Tsukuba EXPO was 'Sakai tsutsu (hinawaju made in Sakai) for export' which was a Japanese gun that had a gunstock decorated with marquetry, the locals' favorite, which is considered as historical material supporting the theory.
- (富田流や一刀流など、念流の開祖は念阿弥慈恩、また馬庭念流の樋口家に伝わる古文書に、念阿弥慈恩の弟子として「中条判官」や「猿御前」という名が記されているが、念流では中条判官は中条兵庫頭、猿御前は愛洲移香斎と伝えている)
- (The founder of the Nen-ryu School, as well as the Toda-ryu School and the Itto-ryu School, was Jion NENAMI. While 'Chujo hangan' and 'Saru gozen' were described as Jion NENAMI's disciples in the ancient document handed down in the Higuchi family of the Maniwanen-ryu School, the Nen-ryu School believes the former was Chujo Hyogo no kami and the latter was Ikosai AISU)
- なお藪内家を象徴する茶室である燕庵は、相伝を受けた者に限り絶対忠実に写すことを許され、また家元で失なわれた際には最も古い写しが家元に寄付されるという定めがあり、このとき摂津有馬にあった写しが移築されて現在に伝わっている。
- Only the successor is permitted to copy Ennan, the tea room which is the symbol of the Yabunouchi family, and only if it is copied absolutely identically, and if the original room at the head of the school is lost, the oldest copy must be donated to the head; the current building was a copy which was located in Settsu-Arima and transferred to the current location.
- また、文化 (日本)元年(1804年)の『料理談合集』や文政12年(1829年)の『鯨肉調味方』にも具体的な記述が見られ、使い古した鋤を火にかざして鴨などの鶏肉や、あるいは鯨肉などを加熱する一種の焼肉であったことが判る。
- Other concrete descriptions of sukiyaki exist in the books 'Ryori-Dango-shu' (literally, collection of consultations on cooking) published in 1804, and 'Geiniku-Chomi-kata' (literally, how to season whale meat) published in 1829, from which we can derive that sukiyaki dishes were cooked by broiling poultry meat such as duck and chicken or other meat like whale meat, on a heated spade over a fire.
- しかしながら資料が曖昧であり、最古のレシピが本当に舞鶴で作られたものなのか他の鎮守府から伝わったレシピを書き写したものではないのかという論争が決着していないため、両市とも大岡裁き的に「舞鶴・呉の双方が発祥地」としている。
- However, as the data is unclear and the dispute is not yet settled if the oldest recipe was really written in Maizuru or copied from a recipe having been passed from another chinjufu, both cities have made a decision worthy of Solomon, saying 'both Maizuru and Kure are the birthplace.'
- これらの事から、鉄道交通関連の店舗において関ヶ原より東京側の名古屋駅、岐阜駅、大垣駅の各駅付近以東では関東風の醤油醤油の種類と特徴など、関ヶ原を越えた米原駅より大阪側は醤油醤油の種類と特徴などを使用していると考えられる。
- Based on these reports, as for Udon noodles shops relating to the railway, it is conceivable that those ranging from Tokyo to Sekigahara, namely shops in Nagoya Station, Gifu Station, Ogaki Station and other stations spreading to the east, use Kanto-type, dark-colored soy sauce, while those ranging west from Maibara Station, namely shops in the Osaka side, use Kansai-type, light-colored soy sauce.
- しかし、2005年の『タイガー&ドラゴン』や2007年の『酢豆腐』という古典落語を題材とした連続ドラマ(連続テレビ小説ちりとてちん (朝ドラ))の放送が、若い世代が落語を知る機会となり、新しいファンも増えてきている。
- Nevertheless 'Tiger and Dragon' of 2005 and drama series (morning drama series 'Chiritotechin') of 2007 featuring a program of classical rakugo 'Sudofu' became an opportunity for young generations to know rakugo, and there are increasing new fans.
- 新渡戸稲造は、1900年に刊行した著書Bushido The Soul of Japan(『武士道』)のなかで、切腹について、腹部を切ることは、そこに霊魂と愛情が宿っているという古代の解剖学的信仰に由来する、と考察している。
- In his 1900 book, 'Bushido: The Soul of Japan,' Inazo NITOBE states that the cutting of the abdomen in seppuku originated from the ancient anatomical belief that a person's soul and love resides within the abdomen.
- 顧頡剛は「薪を積んでいくと、後から載せたものほど上に来る」という比喩のもと、古史伝承は累層的に古いものほど新しく作られたという説を主張し、尭・舜・禹を中国史の黄金時代とする儒教的歴史観に染まっていた知識人に大きな衝撃を与えた。
- Ko Ketsugo advocated a theory on tradition of old history that those for older times were created more recently, based on a metaphor 'when stacking firewood, the ones placed later are higher,' and strongly shocked the intellectuals who were immersed in a Confucian historical perspective which viewed Gyo, Shun, and U as the golden age of Chinese history.
- 古くは舞楽の装束をまね、太夫は鳥兜(とりかぶと)をかぶっていたが、室町時代になると烏帽子(さむらいえぼし)をかぶり、素襖(すおう)に平袴(ひらばかま)姿に、才蔵は大黒頭巾風のものをかぶり、大袋を背負う格好が普通であったようである。
- In ancient times, imitating the costume of 'bugaku' (court dance and music), tayu put on 'torikabuto' (ornamental hat in bugaku), but in the Muromachi period tayu seems to have put on 'samurai-eboshi' (formal headwear for court nobles), 'suo' (ceremonial dress of lower-class samurai) and 'hirabakama' (man's formal divided skirt) and saizo put on something like 'daikokuzukin' (hood like the god of good luck) and normally shouldered a big bag.
- 日本語「たなばた」の語源は『古事記』でアメノワカヒコが死にアヂスキタカヒコネが来た折に詠まれた歌にある「淤登多那婆多」(弟棚機)又は『日本書紀』葦原中国平定の1書第1にある「乙登多奈婆多」また、お盆の精霊棚とその幡から棚幡という。
- The origin of 'tanabata' in Japanese is believed to be either 'ototanabata' (ototanabata), which appears in a poem, according to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), written by Ajisukitakahikone when Amenowakahiko died, 'ototanabata', which appears in issho-daiichi of ASHIWARA no Nakatsukuniheitei of 'Nihon shoki' (Chronicles of Japan) or 'tanabata, which derived from shoryodana and bata used for Bon festival.
- 日本の文献で最初に柑橘が登場するのは『古事記』『日本書紀』であり、「垂仁天皇の命を受け常世に遣わされたタヂマモリが非時香菓(ときじくのかくのみ)の実と枝を持ち帰った(中略)非時香菓とは今の橘である」(日本書紀の訳)との記述がある。
- The first entry about citrus in Japanese historical records appeared in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan) that 'Tajimamori who was ordered by Emperor Suinin to visit Tokoyo no kuni (parallel universe beyond the sea) brought back tokijikuno kakunomi (cracker berry) fruit and branch (snip) the fruit is today's 'Tachibana' (the translation of Nihonshoki.)
- 大東流は直線的、合気道は円の動きと分類する向きもあるが、稽古の段階により、あるいは技の種類によって合気道でも直線的でなければならない技もあり、大東流でも円転しなければ使えない技もあるので、はっきりどちらがどうであるとは言い切れない。
- Some categorize Daito school as linear and Aikido as circular in movement, but depending on the stage of training or the type of technique, some techniques in aikido require linear movements and some techniques in Daito school can't be used without rotating in a circle; therefore, one can't say for certain which is which.
- 古事記はイザナギとイザナミが、常世(とこよ・黄泉の国)から逃げ帰る時に、鬼神の追っ手を防ぐために、「千引きの岩」(ちびきのいわ)を結界として用いたことと、磐境が結びつき、「結界の神」である「賽の神」(さいのかみ・幸の神)がうまれた。
- The following story is described in Kojiki (the Records of Ancient Matters) : Izanagi and Izanami used 'Chibiki no iwa' (a huge boulder) as kekkai (barrier) to keep off the pursuers dispatched by the demon when returning from Tokoyo (the world of the dead), and the boulder became associated with iwasaka (the area a deity sits), then the god of the barrier 'Sai no kami' appeared.
- その語源は一説によると、『古事記』にも登場する火の神で、出雲国にて出産時に産道を焼いてイザナミを死に追いやりイザナギに切り刻まれて沢山の神に分裂したカグツチ(ほのかぐつちのかみ)の加具土が “加具士→加具師→香具師” と変化したもの。
- According to one theory, the characters used for this term (which, although pronounced 'yashi', is written 'kagushi') developed from Kagutsuchi (Honokagutsuchi no kami), the god of fire who appears in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), and who kills his mother, Izanami, by burning her vagina as he was being born before being chopped to pieces by his father, Izanagi, the many pieces turning into gods.
- これらは、江戸時代初期の箏曲の形式である「組歌」「段物」のスタイルを取り入れたりするなど、復古的であると同時に、当時の流行音楽であった明清楽の音階を取り入れたり、非常に精緻で複雑な箏の高低二重奏であるなど、モダンな面も強く持っている。
- They have a reactionary aspect of taking in the styles of 'kumiuta' (koto suites of songs) and 'danmono' (most important type in shirabemono [the koto solo instrumental music]) and also modern aspects of taking in the scale of Ming and Xing-era Chinese music (as popularized in Japan before the First Sino-Japanese war) that was popular at the time and employing a very precise and complicated koto duet at high and low pitches.
- 信玄は彼女を「甲斐信濃二国巫女頭領」に任じ、信州小県郡禰津村(現長野県東御市祢津)の古御館に「甲斐信濃巫女道」の修練道場を開き、200~300人を超える少女達に呪術、祈祷から忍術、護身術、更に相手が男性だった時の為に性技まで教え込んだ。
- Shingen appointed Chiyojo as 'the chieftain of Miko both in the Kai and Shinano provinces' and opened the training hall called 'Kai and Shinano Miko do' in Netsu Village, Chiisagata County, Shinshu (the present-day Netsu, Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture) in which she taught 200 to 300 girls from jujutsu (an occult art), saying prayers to ninjutsu, art of self-defense and even an art of sex in case the enemy was a male.
- 純粋な宗教的価値観の具現化でないとしても、古来からの神道が礎となってその上に仏教・密教や儒教や道教、あるいは「キリスト教」(古くはキリシタン文化)をも含め、さまざまな外来の宗教を混在させながら、今日ある日本の精神や文化の土壌は形成された。
- Although a pure sense of worship for religion was not realized, an environment of present-day Japanese spirit and culture was formed based on the Shinto religion from the ancient times while adding mixtures of various kinds of foreign religions including Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, or 'Christianity' (also including a Christian culture in old times).
- それは北海道のエゾシカカレー、青森県のホタテガイカレー、千葉県のサバカレー、長野県のリンゴカレー、愛知県の名古屋コーチンチキンカレー、三重県の松阪牛カレー、広島県のカキ (貝)カレー、島根県のナシカレー、沖縄県のツルレイシカレーなどである。
- Examples include ezoshika curry (Hokkaido shika (deer) curry) of Hokkaido, scallop curry of Aomori Prefecture, mackerel (esp. the chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus) curry of Chiba Prefecture, apple curry of Nagano Prefecture, Nagoya cochin chicken curry of Aichi Prefecture, Matsusaka beef curry of Mie Prefecture, oyster curry of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japanese pear curry of Shimane Prefecture, and bitter melon curry of Okinawa Prefecture.
- また、鹿児島県伊佐市の郡山八幡神社 (伊佐市)には、永禄2年(1559年)に補修が行われた際に大工が残した「焼酎もおごってくれないけちな施主だ」という内容の落書きが伝わっており、焼酎の飲用について日本国内に残存する最も古い文献となっている。
- Also at Koriyama Hachiman-jinja Shrine in Isa City in Kagoshima Prefecture, there was some graffiti written by a carpenter when it was repaired in 1559 as follows: 'Such a stingy client. He's never treated us to shochu.' which is the oldest literature about drinking shochu that exists in Japan now.
- また、千鳥の曲は吉沢検校の作品群の中において、華やかな「京流手事もの(19世紀初頭から後半にかけて京都の盲人音楽家たちによって作曲された手事ものの地歌曲群)」的作品から、簡潔、古雅な美の「古今組」「新古今組」に至る過渡期に位置する曲である。
- Among Yoshizawa Kengyo's works, Chidori no Kyoku is positioned in a period of transiting glamorous works like 'Kyoto-style tegotomono music' (jiuta songs of tegotomono composed by blind musicians in Kyoto from the beginning to the end of the 19th century) to 'Kokin-gumi' and 'Shinkokin-gumi' of the simple and traditional aesthetic.
- 都心では屋台街が古くから存在している地域が日本各地に見られたが、既得権と道路使用や道路占有の問題や食品衛生法や電力、給排水の供給や路上を汚すといった問題などから、万博や世界選手権大会などが開催される地域で、それを契機に排除してきた事実がある。
- In inner-cities, there were various areas in Japan where yatai-gai existed for hundreds of years, but because of vested rights, road-use, and road-occupancy issues, as well as issues regarding the Food Sanitation Act, electricity supply, the supply and drainage of water and street pollution, they were in fact eliminated in areas where expositions and world championships were held, using them as an impetus to have them removed.
- 駅前や商店街などであり、商店街においてはアーケードを持つ商店街は露天商にとってうってつけの場所であったが、近年では薄暗い雰囲気や古臭いと言ったイメージ、メンテナンス費用の負担などから撤去される傾向がありこの様な事情も露天商の衰退の要因であろう。
- Among shopping areas those with arcades were perfect locations for rotensho, but in recent years these have tended to have been removed due to their image such as having a dark atmosphere and being old-fashioned, as well as with their high maintenance costs, and these conditions are among the causes of the decline in rotensho.
- 農学博士の田中長三郎は文献調査および現地調査から鹿児島県長島(現鹿児島県出水郡長島町)がウンシュウミカンの原生地との説を唱え、1936年に当地で推定樹齢300年の古木(太平洋戦争中に枯死)が発見されたことからこの説で疑いないとされるようになった。
- Doctor of Agriculture, Chozaburo TANAKA advocated that origin of Citrus Unshu was Nagashima, Kagoshima Prefecture (today's Nagashima Town, Izumi District, Kagoshima Prefecture) through literature research and field study, and as the estimated age of a tree 300-year-old was found in 1936 (withered away during the Pacific War), no doubt have influenced this theory.
- 「アルコール添加」または略して「アル添(アルてん)」という語感から、工業的に何か不純な添加物を加えるかのようなイメージをもたれることが多い(参照:当記事内『美味しんぼ』)が、古くは江戸時代の柱焼酎という技法にさかのぼる、伝統的な工程のひとつである。
- From the impression of the term 'adding alcohol' or 'aruten' in short form, it gives often an impression that certain impurity is added industrially (Refer to 'Oishinbo' in this article.), but it is a traditional process that goes back to hashira-shochu during the Edo period.
- 都市の特定のエリア(例えば、中華街、元町、神田神保町の古本祭り、浅草サンバカーニバル、YOSAKOIソーラン祭りなど)、文化施設(たとえば、Bunkamura、水戸芸術館など)、教育機関(中学校、高等学校、大学など)の祭り、フェスティバル等がある。
- Festivals held at specific areas in the city (e.g., China Town, Motomachi, Secondhand Book Fair at Kanda Jinbo-cho, Asakusa Samba Carnival, YOSAKOI Soran Festival and so on), at cultural facilities (e.g., Bunkamura, Art Tower Mito and so on), and at educational institutions (junior high schools, high schools, universities and so on) are named.
- 「政り」については、日本は古代からの信仰や社会である、いわゆる古神道おいて、祭祀を司る者(まつり)と政治を司る者(まつり)は、同じ意味であり、この二つの「まつり」が一致した祭政一致といわれるものであったため、政治のことを政(まつりごと)とも呼んだ。
- According to the beliefs of ancient Japanese society, which followed what is known as 'ancient Shinto,' someone who conducted religious services ('matsuri' in Japanese) was essentially the same as someone who was engaged in politics (also 'matsuri' in Japanese); this was a case of what is called saisei itchi (the unity of shrine, temple and state; in other words, theocracy), and this led to politics occasionally being called matsurigoto (a word that can be used to refer both to government and worship) in Japan.
- 天皇の礼服については、平安中期の後朱雀朝頃から即位に先立ち御前でおこなわれる「礼服御覧」で検分がなされ(幼帝のときは摂政がおこなう)、様式が忠実に守られたが、男性貴族の所用品は古いものを借りて使ったり、適当なものを新調したため、様式の混乱が進行した。
- The Emperor's raifuku was checked before he ascended the throne during 'the inspection of raifuku' during the reign of the Emperor Gosuzaku in the mid-Heian period (when the Emperor was child, it was conducted by the regent), therefore the style of raifuku was faithfully maintained, but male nobles sometimes borrowed used clothes and accessories, or made new clothes without following this custom; the style of clothing was sometimes not unified.
- このことは予期せぬ野火に至る恐れがあったり、農家の減少で藁が十分に集められない、若者がサラリーマン化して日程の都合がつかないな、ダムの建設で山間部を離れる、過疎化や近代化など多くの古来からのそれぞれの地域の慣習や行事が消えて行く事と共通するものがある。
- The reasons for this, which have also caused many other time-honored customs and events to disappear, include: concern about unexpected bush fire, lack of straw caused by a decrease in the farming population, changing life style of young men who are busy as office workers, construction of dams which drive villagers out of mountainous regions, depopulation and modernization.
- 宗教音楽としての本曲は、各地の本曲を収集した黒沢琴古の琴古流本曲、西園流を学び明治期に明暗対山流を興し、明暗教会の再興に尽力した樋口対山(1856年 - 1915年)の系統をはじめ、各地において明治維新後も伝承されたものが現代においても血脈を保っている。
- Honkyoku as religious music continues to be practiced to this today; the following lineages of honkyoku, including those transmitted after Meiji Restoration across the country, has been transmitted as follows; Kinko school honkyoku, which was gathered throughout the country by Kinko KUROSAWA; and that of Taizan HIGUCHI (1856 - 1915), who first learned the Seien school shakuhachi and established Myoan Taizan school, and later made effort to restore Myoan Kyokai (Myoan Church).
- 門人には、『五段砧』、『秋風の曲』、『七小町』などの作曲で知られる光崎検校、後の京都下派(しもは)に続く松崎検校、中国系箏曲、地歌の祖である備後国の葛原勾当、吉沢検校の「古今組」に手事を補作した松坂春栄ら、女性の門人には『おぼこ菊』を作曲した津留らがいる。
- His disciples included kengyo MITSUZAKI who composed 'Godanginuda koto music,' 'Akikaze no kyoku' (a song for the autumn wind), 'Nanakomachi' (Seven Komachi) and so on, kengyo MATSUZAKI who later followed the Kyotoshimo school, koto (the title of the official ranks within the Todo-za) KUZUHARA in Bingo province who was the originator of jiuta and sokyoku of the Chugoku region style, Shunei MATSUZAKA and so on who revised and improved 'Kokin gumi' (Kokin group) by kengyo YOSHIZAWA and TSURU who was a female and composed 'Obokogiku' (Kiku, a virgin girl) and so on.
- 技術的には、アーチェリーは矢を(身体から見て)弓の左に番え、弦は右手人差し指、中指、薬指で引く「地中海式」をとるのに対し、弓道は矢を弓の右に番え、取り掛けは右手親指根で弦を引っ掛けるようにして保持する「蒙古式(モンゴル式)」をとる(弓術諸外国弓術との比較)。
- Technically, archery uses the 'Mediterranean style,' in which the arrow is fixed on the left side of the bow (as viewed from the body) and the string is drawn with the index, middle and third fingers of the right hand, while Kyudo uses the 'Menggu (Mongol) style,' in which the arrow is fixed on the right side of the bow and torikake (gripping of the bowstring with the right hand) is maintained by hooking the string with the base of the right thumb (see the comparison with archery of foreign countries in Kyujutsu).
- 地域の事情により古くから大工と言う職業が多数存在する地域もあったが、自治単位の人口の少ないところでは、十分の付き合い(相互扶助のこと村八分と言う言葉で知られる)の一つとして建前(上棟)には人手がいるためお互い様として地域住民が積極的に手伝う事が当然であった。
- In some communities there were traditionally many carpenters, while in other communities with smaller populations, it was natural that the residents would be proactive in supporting each other when building the framework of a house (framework raising) which is very labor intensive, and due to the social obligation called jubu-no-tsukiai (adequate relationship) those who did not cooperate may be ostracized or become 'murahachibu.'
- 古来、日本をかたちづける文化あるいはこの国に棲む人々の風俗や習慣には、宗教に基づく価値観が深く根ざしており、農業・林業・水産業、土木・建築などの諸産業、あるいは正月、七五三他の季節行事・祭、また伝統芸能、武道など、さまざまな場面で宗教の影響を見ることができる。
- From ancient times, a culture forming Japan, or a mode of life or custom of people living in this country has rooted in the sense of worth based on a religion, and an influence of religion can be seen in various scenes such as industries including agriculture, forestry, fishery, civil engineering and construction, or seasonal events and festivals including New Years festivals, Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of young children), etc., traditional performing arts, Budo (martial arts), etc.
- 和琴とは別に、奈良時代に渡来した「琴」(きんのこと)は中国宮廷内の祭祀にまつわる楽器として、弦楽器(古代日本では、人間が息を吹き込まねば演奏できない管楽器よりも高尚なものとされた。当時弦楽器はすべて「○○のこと」と呼び習わされる)の中でも重要視されていたらしい。
- Apart from 和琴 (Wagon), 'Kin (琴) no Koto,' which was also introduced in the Nara period, was apparently regarded as an important stringed instrument because it related to the religious services of the Chinese court: stringed instruments, all of which were called 'OO no Koto' in those days, were regarded as superior to wind instruments, because wind instruments would not make sound unless human beings breathed into them.
- 通常は、各種の武芸である日本武術、江戸期の公家家職に由来する有職故実・礼式、そのほか能楽、歌舞伎、人形浄瑠璃などの芸能、邦楽、茶道、華道、香道、書道、盆庭などをはじめとして、伝統工芸的な手工業、古典園芸など、ひろく技術を伝承する分野においてこうした観念が見られる。
- This concept can normally be seen in the various Nihon bujutsu (Japanese martial arts) and the Yusoku kojitsu (traditional protocol of the imperial court and samurai families) or reishiki (etiquette) that are derived from the practices and manners observed by court nobles in the Edo period; it can also be seen in fields where skills are passed down from one generation to the next, ranging from performing arts such as Nohgaku, Kabuki, and Ningyo Joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater), Hogaku (traditional Japanese music), Sado (tea ceremony), Kado (flower arrangement), Kodo (traditional incense-smelling ceremony), Shodo (calligraphy), Bontei (tray garden) to traditional handicrafts and classic gardening.
- 現在ある、各地の萬歳には継承者を捜し出して復興させたものが多いが、成立時期が古いとされる三河萬歳(愛知県安城市・西尾市など)と越前萬歳(福井県越前市)が1995年(平成7年)に、尾張萬歳(愛知県知多市)が1996年(平成8年)にそれぞれ国の重要無形民俗文化財に指定された。
- Many of the existing manzai in each place across Japan have found successors and been revived, but Mikawa-manzai (Anjo City, Nishio City and so on in Aichi Prefecture) and Echizen-manzai (Echizen city in Fukui Prefecture), whose time of formation is said to have been old, were designated as the nation's significant intangible folklore cultural assets in 1995, and so was Owari-manzai (Chita City in Aichi Prefecture) in 1996.
- 現在の活動弁士として、麻生八咫とその娘の麻生子八咫、澤登翠とその弟子の桜井麻美、斎藤裕子、片岡一郎(以上2002年に澤登翠に入門)、その他に佐々木亜希子、映画監督と活動弁士を兼業している山田広野、古典作品及び自作アニメに活弁を付ける坂本頼光などが東京を中心に活動している。
- At present, some katsudo benshi are active mainly in Tokyo, such as Yata ASO, his daughter Koyata ASO, Midori SAWATO, Midori's pupils from 2002 (Mami SAKURAI, Yuko SAITO, and Ichiro KATAOKA), Akiko SASAKI, Hirono YAMADA (a movie director and katsudo benshi), and Raiko SAKAMOTO who narrates classical silent movies and the animated movies which he creates.
- 古式銃とは主に前装式銃砲のことを言うが、初期の後装銃も佐賀藩の主力銃であったスペンサー銃(のちにウインチェスター銃の祖形となった)をはじめ、普仏戦争の主要銃であったシャスポー銃(後に村田式の開発の淵源となった)やドライゼ銃(ツンナール)など類種のものも相当数輸入されていた。
- An ancient gun mainly refers to a muzzle loader, but a large number of several kinds of guns were imported, such as an early breech loader, Spencer Carbine which was the main force gun of the Saga clan (later it became the original form of Winchester rifle), Chassepot rifle which was the main force gun in the Franco-Prussian War (later it became the basis for the development of the Murata-style gun), Dreyse needle-gun (Zundnadel gun) and so on.
- 現在、浄瑠璃音楽として残っているものは、義太夫節(丸本歌舞伎専用の義太夫を特に「竹本(チョボ)」と呼ぶことがある)、常磐津節、清元節、それに河東節、一中節、宮薗節(河東節、一中節、宮薗節に上方地歌の系統を引く荻江節を加えた4種を「古曲」と総称する)、新内節、富本節の8種である。
- Eight kinds of Joruri music are existent today, namely Gidayu-bushi (Gidayu specializing in Marumoto Kabuki is sometimes called 'Takemoto (Chobo)'), Tokiwazu-bushi, Kiyomoto-bushi, Kato-bushi, Icchu-bushi, Miyazono-bushi (Kato-bushi, Icchu-bushi, Miyazono-bushi and Hagie-bushi, which derived from Kamigata jiuta (a genre of traditional songs with shamisen accompaniment), are collectively called 'Kokyoku'), Shinnai-bushi and Tomimoto-bushi.
- 古代のローマ暦の 1 March を正月とする暦は、ヴェネツィア共和国で1797年まで、ロシアで988年~15世紀の終わりまで用いられていた、ロシアでは15世紀の終わりから1700年の西暦導入まで、9月1日が正月だった(ロシアではそれ以前、神話的世界の創造から年を数えていた)。
- A calendar which had its new year's day on March 1st of the ancient Roman calendar was used until 1797 in the Republic of Venezia and from 988 to the end of the 15th Century in Russia and, in Russia, September 1st was new year's day from the end of the 15th Century to the introduction of the western calendar in 1700 (in Russia, before this introduction, the years had been counted from the mythic creation of the world).
- 唐文化の影響を受け、「台盤」と呼ばれるテーブルに全料理を載せたり、「唐菓子」など渡来の料理も添えられるなどの献立の多さもさることながら、食べる側にも食べ物の種類ごとに細かい作法が要求されたことが『内外抄』や『古事談』の記述から分かり、現代人から見ると大変堅苦しい物だったようである。
- According to 'Naigai Sho' (selection from inside and outside the country) and 'Kojidan' (Tales About the Past), influenced by Chinese culture, all dishes placed on the table were called 'daiban' and there was an extensive menu including garnished foods introduced from foreign countries such as 'togashi' (Chinese cake), and which also required complicated table manners, and from today's point of view, it seems to have been a very stiff and formal style of eating.
- 一般的には数件の店が一つのグループを作り、地方の縁日などを回っているが、都心の古くからある地域では一と六、二と八、三と七、五と十(四と九は縁起が悪いのと休みは的屋にも必要)の付く日で縁日を主要な町々で分けており、夏場や正月や花見など年中行事以外の限られた日数だけ地方に赴く団体もある。
- Usually, several shops form a group and travel around local fairs but, in old towns in urban areas, some groups do business at the festivals which held in the main towns at the fair dividing on days which there is a one and six, two and eight, three and seven, and five and ten (four and nine are considered unlucky so even tekiya close on those days), and some only travel to irregular, limited-period fairs other than annual events, such as summer festivals, New Years or cherry blossom viewing festivals.
- 前者(「神がかり系」)においては古来の神がかりや託宣の儀式の形式に則って回っては回り返すという動作を繰り返しながら舞うことなどでその身を清めてからその身に神を降すという、その古態を残すところもあるが、現在では優雅な神楽歌にあわせた舞の優美さを重んじた後者(「八乙女系」)がほとんどである。
- Although some traces of ancient style dancing still remain, where shrine maidens whirl back and forth in accordance with traditional ritual rules to cleanse their bodies before being possessed to receive oracles from the gods, modern-style dances (such as the Yaotomemai) that emphasize the elegance of the dancing with graceful chanting of Kagurauta songs are dominant today.
- 加えて、合気道の型稽古の技法では、「受けは、多少不利な体勢になってもつかんだ手を離さない」や「受けは背中側をとられたら前足を軸に振り向いて相手についていく」や「多少崩れたら、普通に耐えられそうでも受身を取る、(投げられる)」というように、現代の現実の格闘場面では考え難い前提が存在している。
- Additionally, in aikido's kata training techniques there are assumptions such as 'the defender doesn't let go of the grip even if he/she is in a somewhat disadvantaged position,' 'when the defender is attacked on his back side, he/she turns around on the front foot and follows the opponent,' or 'when balance is lost slightly, perform ukemi even if it feels as if it's tolerable (be thrown),' which are unthinkable in today's actual fights.
- 著名なものとしては、1945年(昭和20年)8月25日に、東京都内の代々木公園で、「大東塾十四士」が古式に則り集団割腹自殺をした事件や、1970年(昭和45年)11月25日に、作家の三島由紀夫が、陸上自衛隊市ヶ谷駐屯地内で、演説を行ったのち割腹自殺した事件(三島由紀夫三島事件)などがある。
- Well known examples include the group seppuku of Daitojuku juyonshi (14 members of Great Eastern School) committed in accordance with tradition in Yoyogi Park, Tokyo on August 25, 1945 and the seppuku of author Yukio MISHIMA on November 25, 1970 committed following a speech given at the Ichigaya Camp of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.
- 足利義満が大湯殿を建てた際、招かれた大名などが入浴する際に他者の衣服と間違えないよう家紋を付けた布に脱いだ衣服を包み、湯上りに際してこの布の上で装束を調えたという記録があり、この時用いられていた敷布が「風呂敷」と「平裹(平包)」の双方の役割を果たしていたものとしての最古の記録と考えられる。
- It is on record that Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA constructed a big bathroom and invited Daimyo and so on, who wrapped up their clothes taken off in a piece of cloth attached with their family crest to avoid mixing up their clothes with others and after taking a bath put on their Shozoku (costumes) on the cloth, and the sheet used on that occasion are understood to be the oldest record of both roles of 'Furoshiki' and 'Hiratsutsumi' having been played.
- 近年、大東流や合気道での使用法の影響で、特に素手の武術、武道において相手の力に力で対抗せず、相手の“気”(攻撃の意志、タイミング、力のベクトルなどを含む)に自らの「“気”を合わせ」相手の攻撃を無力化させるような技法群やその原理を指すようになった(剣道や古来よりの武器術では元来の意味で使われる)。
- In recent years, influenced by its use in Daito school and aikido, it refers to the techniques and principles of disabling the opponent's attacks by 'matching the 'qi'' of oneself to the 'qi' (including the will to attack, timing and vector of force) of the opponent, instead of competing against the opponent's force with force, especially in martial arts using bare hands (it is used for its original meaning in kendo (the Japanese art of fencing) and in the ancient arts of weaponry).
- 『うつほ物語』に「万葉仮名にもあらず、日本の書道史女手にもあらず」と記された草仮名が、極めて自然な形で女手と巧みに交用され、また、「悪(あ)」・「盈(え)」・「祈(き)」・「倶(く)」・「致(ち)」・「帝(て)」・「廬(ろ)」など、後世の上代様古筆には余り見慣れない珍しい文字字母が使用されている。
- In 'Utsuho Monogatari' (The Tale of the Cavern), sogana, which is described as 'neither manyo-gana (the use of Chinese characters for their phonetic value), nor onnade,' is skillfully mixed with onnade in an extremely natural way and also uses unusual characters, which are not seen in the later jodaiyo kohitsu.
- 切腹が習俗として定着した理由には、新渡戸稲造が『武士道』(Bushido The Soul of Japan、1900年刊)の中で指摘した、「腹部には、人間の霊魂と愛情が宿っているという古代の解剖学的信仰」から、勇壮に腹を切ることが武士道を貫く自死方法として適切とされたとの説が、広く唱えられている。
- A widely repeated theory for the reason why seppuku became an established custom is that it is based on the 'ancient anatomical belief that a person's soul and love resides within the abdomen' as stated by Inazo NITOBE in 'Bushido: The Soul of Japan' (1900), which claims that the heroic act of disembowelment was a fitting method of suicide for the code of bushido.
- 明治39年(1906年)7月京都大日本武徳会本部にて、講道館の嘉納治五郎委員長と揚心古流の戸塚英美委員、四天流の星野九門委員、他17名の委員補(双水執流組討腰之廻第十四代青柳喜平、不遷流柔術四代田邊又右衞門など)柔術10流・師範20名で構成される「日本武徳会柔術形制定委員会」により1週間で制定された。
- In July 1906, at the headquarters of Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society in Kyoto, kata of jujutsu was established in a week by 'the committee of Greater Japan Virtue Society for establishing kata of jujutsu' which consisted of 20 masters from 10 jujutsu schools, that is, the chairman Jigoro KANO from Kodokan judo, the committee member Hideyoshi TOTSUKA from Yoshin Ko-ryu (Yoshin Ko school of jujutsu), the committee member Kumon HOSHINO from Shiten-ryu (Shiten school of jujutsu), and other 17 assistant committee members, including Kihei AOYAGI (the 14th head of Sosuishi-ryu kumiuchi koshi no mawari [Sosuishi school of grappling with swords]) and Mataemon TANABE (the fourth head of Fusen-ryu jujutsu).
- 名称は初め、サクラの名所として古来名高く西行法師の和歌にもたびたび詠まれた大和国の吉野山(奈良県山岳部)にちなんで「吉野」とされたが、「吉野(桜)」の名称では吉野山に多いヤマザクラと混同される恐れがあるため、上野公園のサクラを調査した藤野寄命博士が「日本園芸雑誌」において「染井吉野」と命名したという。
- It is said that it was initially called 'Yoshino' after Mt. Yoshino-yama in Yamato Province (a mountainous district in Nara Prefecture), which is a place noted for its cherry blossoms; however, since there was concern that the name 'Yoshino (Yoshinozakura)' would be confused with Yamazakura, which grows a lot in Mt. Yoshino-yama, Dr. Yorinaga FUJINO, who had conducted research on the cherry trees of Ueno Park, called it 'Someiyoshino' in 'Japanese Gardening Magazine.'
- 現代武道が技の錬磨以上に人間形成と体育的見地からの心身の鍛錬を目的として技術の体系を構築し、また競技、試合を重視しているのに対し(例:柔道、剣道)、古武道は基本的に試合での勝敗を目的とせず(流派によっては他流試合を禁じていた)、実際に身を守り暮らす事や、武士としての使命を果たすための鍛錬などが目的とされていた。
- While gendai budo establishes the systems of the arts and places emphasis on competitions or matches for the purpose of disciplining mind and body from the point of view of the human development and physical education more than polishing the arts (for example, judo, kendo), the fundamental purpose of kobudo was not winning a match (some of the schools had forbidden trainees from competing in the contest between different schools), but defending themselves actually to live or disciplining themselves to carry out their missions as samurai.
- ただし真正の古式銃であっても明治以後に新式又は現代の弾薬が使用できるように改造されたもの、あるいは現用の弾薬(装弾)が使用できる可能性のあるもの(もっとも顕著な例は坂本龍馬が使用したと言われるSW・Mk1、Mk2リボルバー)などは(現代銃に準ずる機能を有するもの)として登録審査時に排除され、したがって所有できないものがある。
- However, if it is a genuine ancient gun, but is altered to be able to use a new-type or modern ammunition after the Meiji period or if it can use actually-used ammunition (the most prominent one is, for example, SW Mk1 or Mk2 revolver, which is said to have been used by Ryoma SAKAMOTO), it will be omitted at the judgment for registration and thus can not be owned (because it can function as a modern gun).
- また、桶狭間の合戦の際、織田方に敗れた今川方が磔(はりつけ)などによって処刑された地が「田楽窪」(でんがくがくぼ)と呼ばれる、かつて古典芸能の田楽が行われていたのではないかと言われる地(現在も愛知県豊明市沓掛町内に大字名として残る)で、その処刑方法が当時当地で食されていた野菜や鮎などの川魚を串に刺して食していたものと似ていたため、それを田楽と呼んだという説もある。
- Another theory is that at a place called 'Dengakukubo' (in Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake City, Aichi Prefecture, and the name of the place 'Dengakukubo' has survived to remain used in the address today), where one of Japanese classic popular performing arts, Dengaku, is said to have been played, the Imagawa side defeated by Oda side in the Battle of Okehazama were crucified, and the local residents around there began to call vegetables and freshwater fishes such as ayu (sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) on skewers they used to eat 'Dengaku,' associating the crucification method conducted there with the cooking method.
- またその形稽古の技法が「片手取り」(攻撃者が相手の手首を掴みに来る)「正面打ち」(攻撃者が手刀を振りかぶって打って来る)など、現代の現実の格闘場面では考え難い攻撃法に対処する形になっている(これは合気道の元になった古流柔術が帯刀を前提とした時代のものであり、「抜刀しようと刀の柄に掛けた手を押さえる→片手取り」「刀で斬り掛かって来る→正面打ち」などの場面を想定した稽古法であったことに由来すると言われている)
- Furthermore, the techniques of kata training such as 'katatedori (the attacker grabs the opponent's wrist), 'shomen-uchi strike' (the attacker swings down a tegatana to hit) are forms of response to attacks that are unlikely in today's actual fights (this is due to the fact that old-style jujutsu, which was the origin of aikido, was from the age when a sword on a belt was used, and such training simulates scenes such as 'holding down the hand that was placed on the grip of the sword to draw it, i.e., katatedori' and 'being swung down a sword, i.e., shomen-uchi strike).'
- 呼称は、柔術に対する講道館の柔道を参考に、明治32年に武術再興のため設立した大日本武徳会が江戸時代以来の剣術や撃剣を学校の体育教育に採用できるよう稽古法を改め、大和心(大和魂)など精神修行とする(高野佐三郎の歌にも「剣道は神の教えの道なれば やまと心をみがくこの技」とある)ため、名称を大正8年(1919年)ごろ剣道としたという記録に残っており、明治末から大正初期ごろに成立したものらしい(なお剣道という用語は、例えば寛文7年(1667年)安倍立伝書に剣術は日用の術なので剣道という号にするという表現がみえるなど、江戸時代にも流派によっては使われたこともある)。
- The name 'Kendo' seems to have been established in or around the end of Meiji period to the early Taisho period, as it recorded that Dai Nippon Butoku Kai, which was established in 1899 to restore Bujutsu, using examples from Jujutsu versus Judo of the Kodokan Judo Institute, established the Kendo name in around 1919 so that Kenjutsu and Gekken, which were handed down from the Edo period, would be introduced into physical education in the school system by changing the training methods and making it a form of mental training such as Yamato-gokoro (Japanese spirit) (Yamato-damashii [Japanese spirit]) (a poem of Sasaburo TAKANO describes, 'Kendo is a God-instructed way; this technique refines Yamato-gokoro') (the term 'Kendo' was used by some schools as early as the Edo period; for instance, Abe-tate densho (book) in 1667 described that since Kenjutsu was for daily use the name of Kendo would be used).