反対: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 反対
• opposition
• resistance
• antagonism
• hostility
• contrast
• objection
• dissension
• reverse
• opposite
• vice versa
• disagreement
• contrary
• oppose
• adverse
• contradiction
• inverse
• inversion
• nay
• against
• contravene
• contrarily

• 正反対
• bipolar
• polarity
• exactly opposite
• oppositely
• antithesis
• contrary
• direct opposite

• 反対端
• opposite end

• 反対の
• counter
• adverse
• con
• contrary
• reverse
• be opposite to

• 反対だ
• No dice.

• 反対色
• clashing colors
• clashing colours

• 反対者
• foe
• opponent
• adversary
• dissenter
• oppose
• pend

• 反対語
• antonym

• 反対側
• opposite side
• contralateral
• opposite hand

• 反対党
• opposition party

• 核反対
• antinuclear

• 反対称
• antisymmetric
• antisymmetrically
• antisymmetry

• 猛反対
• strong opposition
• vehement opposition

• 反対論
• opposing argument
• con
• Argument against

• 反対派
• opposition faction
• anti-nukes

• 反対票
• opposing voice
• negative vote

• 反対番
• the opposite team in a two-turns work group

• 反対に
• counter
• opposed to ~
• other way round
• vice versa
• in a reversible manner

• 喫煙反対
• antismoking

• 反対売買
• counter-sale

• 反対解釈
• interpretation by argument from the contrary

• 反対株主
• dissenting shareholder

• 反対債権
• adverse claim

• 反対咬合
• reversed occlusion
• crossbite

• 反対幻日
• anthelion

• ～反対論
• argument against ~

• 正反対の
• antipodal
• antithetical
• bipolar
• diametrical
• opposite
• be poles apart
• the direct opposite
• diametrically opposite

• 反対して
• against
• averse
• con

• 反対薄明
• antitwilight

• 反対幻月
• antiselena

• 反対する
• contravene
• counter
• dead set against something
• deprecate
• disapprove
• dissent
• gainsay
• object
• opponent
• oppose
• take exception to ~

• 反対称的
• antisymmetric

• 反対尋問
• cross-examination
• cross examination

• 反対訊問
• cross-examination

• 反対勢力
• forces of opposition
• opposing forces
• counterforce

• 反対陣営
• opposing side
• opposite camp
• opposition

• 反対車線
• opposite lane
• oncoming lane
• opposite side of the road

• 断固反対
• violently disagreeing
• strongly opposing
• setting one's heart against

• 反対意見
• dissenting opinion
• opposition viewpoint
• contra (view)
• disapprobation

• 反対給付
• performance in return
• quid pro quo
• counter-performance

• 反対運動
• opposition movement
• Protest

• 反対声明
• statement of opposition
• opposition declaration

• 反対称性
• antisymmetricity

• 反対投票
• dissenting vote
• vote of opposition
• negative vote
• blackballing
• con

• 反対弁論
• opposing speech
• rebuttal (in debate)

• 反対方向
• opposite direction

• 反対申込
• counter offer

• 国教反対
• dissent

• 反対提案
• counterproposal

• 反対目的
• cross-purpose

• 反対分子
• insurgent

• 反対側の
• yonder

• 戦争反対
• pacifism

• 中絶反対
• pro-life

• 開化反対
• obscurantism

• 傷害反対側
• contralesional

• 反対薄明弧
• antitwilight arch

• 反対称成分
• antisymmetric component

• 売春反対の
• antivice

• 反対に回る
• to go into opposition

• 反対季節風
• antimonsoon

• 反対貿易風
• antitrade winds
• countertrade

• に反対する
• disapprove of ~
• object to ~
• oppose
• pip
• reprobate
• thwart
• be opposite to

• 国教反対者
• dissenter

• 禁酒反対者
• wet

• 反対させる
• oppose

• 反対にする
• invert
• reverse

• 反対すべき
• objectionable

• 迷いの反対。
• The opposite of illusion

• 機能反対咬合
• functional reversed occlusion

• 正反対のこと
• antipodes

• 強く反対する
• buck
• put one's foot down

• 反対の･逆の
• contrary

• ～に反対する
• be against ~
• protest against ~
• set one's face against ~
• side against ~

• 反対感情両立
• ambivalence

• 正反対のもの
• contrast

• 反対破棄申立
• cross-error

• 中絶に反対の
• pro-life

• それと反対の
• to the contrary

• 閉寮反対運動
• The opposition movement against the closure of dormitory

• 解放令反対一揆
• Kaiho Rei (Emancipation Edict) opposition uprisings

• 反対運動あり。
• There is a protest movement.

• 密教の反対語。
• It is the antonym of Esoteric Buddhism.

• 核武装反対運動
• Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament

• 反対称テンソル
• antisymmetric tensor

• 値上げ反対運動
• demonstrations against a price increase

• 反対に作用する
• counteract

• 戦争反対を叫ぶ
• cry out against war

• 核兵器反対運動
• movement against nuclear weapons

• 地租改正反対一揆
• Peasant revolts against the land-tax reform

• 反対の立場をとる
• be against ~

• 不当競争反対協会
• Association against unfair Competition

• 生体解剖反対連盟
• Antivivisection League

• 時計と反対方向に
• counterclockwise

• 駿河攻めに反対した
• He was opposed to the assault on Suruga (Suruga-zeme).

• 反対者の買取請求権
• Dissenting Beneficiary Certificate Holders' Right to Demand Purchase

• 地球上の正反対側の
• antipodal

• 国教廃止条例反対論
• antidisestablishmentarianism

• 反対感情の並存した
• ambivalent

• ～に反対票を投じる
• vote against ~

• ～と反対の行動を取る
• act counter to ~
• go counter to ~

• 全国動物実験反対協会
• National Anti-Vivisection Society

• に頑固として反対する
• dead set against

• に反対する理由がある
• have something against

• ～に反対する側に立つ
• side against ~

• ～に反対して結束する
• line up against ~

• 正面は反対側の寺町通）
• (The front of the temple is the opposite side on Teramachi-dori Street.)

• 特定短期社債権者の反対
• Dissent of Specified Short-Term Bondholders

• 男女平等に反対する男性
• male chauvinist pig

• 反対株主の株式買取請求
• Dissenting Shareholders' Share Purchase Demand

• ～に断固として反対する
• dead set against

• ～に反対する理由がある
• have something against ~

• 反対の西口は住宅が迫る。
• Many houses are located in front of its west entrance.

• ニンビー 住民の反対行動
• NIMBY not in my backyard

• 相手方の尋問（反対尋問）
• Examination by the opponent (cross examination)
• examination by the adverse party (cross examination); and

• 故意に反対の立場をとる人
• devil's advocate

• 「彼は官業反対論者なり。」
• He opposed to governmental works.'

• 特定約束手形の所持人の反対
• Dissent of Holders of Specified Promissory Notes

• 反対受益者の受益権買取請求
• Dissenting Beneficiaries' Demands for the Purchase of Their Beneficial Interest

• 反対投資主の投資口買取請求
• Demands for Purchase of Investment Equity Held by Dissenting Investors

• もしそのプランに反対ならば
• if you're against the plan

• 「正規兵」の反対語である。
• It is an antonymous word with 'the regular army.'

• これが解放令反対一揆である。
• This is what is called Kaiho Rei opposition uprisings.

• 反対の西口は住宅街が広がる。
• A residential area is located before the west entrance.

• 父は画家になることに大反対。
• His father totally disagreed with his becoming a painter.

• 認知に対する反対の事実の主張
• Assertion of Opposing Facts against Affiliation

• 神泉苑　大宮通（正面は反対側）
• Shinsenen, Omiya-dori Street (The main gate is on the opposite side.)

• だが、反対したともいわれている。
• There are those, however, who say that he opposed that plot.

• 私は教育基本法の改悪に反対する。
• I oppose changes that may worsen the Fundamental Law of Education.

• いわゆるドンシャリの反対である。
• Their sound design is opposite to that of so-called 'Don Shari' ('don' refers to low-pitched sound and 'shari' refers to high-pitched sound).

• お前が～することには絶対に反対だ
• I'm blessed if I'll let you ~

• 確立した制度の解体に反対する教義
• antidisestablishmentarianism

• 朝鮮側が激しく反対したためである。
• Because Korean side was strongly opposed to it.

• 反対側は狭い谷間の農耕地であった。
• The other side of the station consisted of croplands in a narrow valley.

• だが、老中・阿部正弘らが反対した。
• Nevertheless, the roju (senior councilor of the Tokugawa shogunate), Masahiro ABE, and others opposed Ieyoshi's consideration.

• 住民の反対行動(NIMBYと同義)
• BANANA build absolutely nothing anywhere near anything(anybody)

• 京都市役所　河原町通（正面は反対側）
• Kyoto City Hall, Kawaramachi-dori Street (The main gate is on the opposite side.)

• 女人禁制に対する反対（大峰山の事例）
• Opposition to nyonin kinsei (the case of Mt. Omine-san)

• 反対優先出資社員の優先出資買取請求権
• Dissenting Preferred Equity Members' Right to Demand the Purchase of Their Preferred Equity

• 反対語として下記「的を射る」がある。
• The antonym is 'mato wo iru' as follows.

• 事件後鉱毒反対運動が下火になりました。
• The movement against the copper poisoning died down after the Kawamata Incident.

• 仏教公伝に際して、これに強く反対した。
• He strongly protested against the official introduction of Buddhism.

• 反対尋問の機会における新たな事項の尋問
• Examination of a New Matter on Cross Examination

• よく考えもせずにあらゆる変化に反対する
• Neanderthal

• さらに各地で徴兵令反対の一揆が起こった。
• Moreover, uprisings against the conscription ordinance broke out in various regions.

• また、御三家紀州藩からも反対が発生した。
• In addition the Kishu Domain, which was one of gosanke (the three privileged branches), also opposed Agechi-rei.

• しかし過激な尊王攘夷運動には反対だった。
• However, he was against radical Sonno Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners).

• Xには反対者のすべてが異議を唱えている。
• All of the opponents object to X.

• そして、治外法権撤廃に強硬に反対していた。
• And they were vehemently opposed to the abolition of the extraterritorial rights.

• 清浄華院　広小路上ル（正面は反対側の寺町通）
• Shojokein Temple, Hirokoji Agaru (to the north of Hirokoji) (the front of the temple is the opposite side on Teramachi-dori Street)

• 反対側の2番のりばへは跨線橋で連絡している。
• Platform 2 on the opposite side is connected by an overbridge for passengers.

• だが、大久保に反対する歌を詠まれて断念した。
• However, he dropped the plan in the face of the Okubo's opposing tanka (a Japanese poem) to his plan.

• 破産者の受けた反対給付に関する相手方の権利等
• Rights Held by the Other Party over Counter-Performance Received by the Bankrupt, etc.

• 当時の社会における価値観は正反対に転換した。
• The values of the society at the time were completely overturned.

• しかし義視を支持していた勝元はこれに反対する。
• However, Katsumoto, who supported Yoshimi, was opposed to the idea.

• 刀の切っ先と正反対の位置にあたる金属製の部品。
• It is the metal part located opposite side of a sword head.

• また幕府内でも会津藩主・松平容保が反対したた。
• And also, the lord of Aizu Domain Katamori MATSUDAIRA who was on the side of bakufu was against him.

• 廬山寺　広小路上ル　（入り口は反対側の寺町通）
• Rozan-ji Temple, Hirokoji Agaru (to the north of Hirokoji) (the entrance of the temple is the opposite side on Teramachi-dori Street)

• 櫛形で反対側（降車用）は3番線と一体のホーム。
• It was a bay platform, and shared the same physical platform as Platform 3 (for alighting passengers) which was on the other side.

• 京都府立鴨沂高等学校（入り口は反対側の寺町通）
• Kyoto Prefectural Kamofuchi High School (its entrance faces Teramachi-dori Street on the opposite side.)

• 床脇　床を挟んで付書院と反対側に配される空間。
• Tokowaki: a space created at the opposite side of tsukeshoin across toko.

• この後この地で再び鉱毒反対運動がさかんになる。
• After that, the movement against the mining pollution became active in the area again.

• 明治政府に反対する士族は「不平士族」と呼ばれる。
• Those who were dissatisfied with the principles of Meiji government were called 'fuhei shizoku' (former samurai with gripes).

• 再生債務者の受けた反対給付に関する相手方の権利等
• Rights Held by the Other Party over Counter-Performance Received by the Rehabilitation Debtor, etc.

• 反対給付又は他の給付の不履行に係る場合の強制執行
• Compulsory Execution in Cases Relating to Default of Counter-performance or Another Performance

• が、毛利家中には隆房への不信から反対意見もあった。
• However, he was opposed by some retainers of the family who put no trust in Takafusa.

• 長兄・大助が文学を志すことに反対したためでもある。
• This is because his oldest brother Daisuke objected to his studying literature.

• しかし、このときも家臣の反対で実行に移せなかった。
• However, Kenshin could not excute his actions at the time due to objection from his vassals.

• この反対論は、下記などから導き出された立場であった。
• This opposing opinion was based on the following.

• 反対の中心人物は明治政府の実力者大久保利通であった。
• The main person who was against the declaration was Toshimichi OKUBO, a powerful figure of the Meiji Government.

• もはや朝廷に代弁者を持たない頼朝の反対は無視された。
• Yoritomo's objection was ignored, as he no longer had a spokesman in the Imperial Court.

• また、日露講和条約にも反対の主張を行うなどしている。
• He also spoke against the Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty.

• 反対側の親玉に付く房は、結び目（蓮如結び）を付ける。
• A knot (rennyo-musubi) is made on the tassel attached to Oyadama on the opposite side.

• 再主尋問　反対尋問に現れた事項及びこれに関連する事項
• Redirect examination -　Matters mentioned in the cross examination and any matters related thereto

• しかし、反対運動がないところを通せば、利用客は少ない。
• However there would be few users if they laid railroad through the sites where any movement did not arise.

• 前項に規定する「反対株主」とは、次に掲げる株主をいう。
• The 'dissenting shareholders' provided for in the preceding paragraph shall mean the shareholders provided for in the following items:

• 本禅寺　広小路通 (京都市)上ル（正面は反対側の寺町通）
• Honzen-ji Temple, Hirokoji-dori (Kyoto City) Agaru (to the north of Hirokoji-dori Street) (the front of the temple is the opposite side on Teramachi-dori Street)

• 京都大学付属病院　春日上通（正面は川端通と反対の東大路）
• Kyoto University Hospital, Kasugakami-dori Street (with the front entrance on Higashi-oji Street, on the opposite side of Kawabata-dori Street)

• 凶日であるとして反対する周囲を押し切っての輿入れだった。
• They were married on the black-letter day despite the objections of others.

• しかし、法典調査会では、反対論を受け容れる姿勢を示した。
• However, he was tolerated towards the opposite views proposed in the Investigation Committee of Codes.

• 前に述べられたことを否定して)これとは反対にそれどころか
• on the contrary

• 和泉流職分会は、会員53人中48人が元彌の宗家継承に反対。
• Out of 53 members of Izumi-ryu Shokubunkai, 48 persons opposed to Motoya's succession of soke.

• 京都府道38号京都広河原美山線とは反対側の山の斜面にある。
• The station is located on a mountainside, and on the other side is the Kyoto-hirogawara-miyama Line of the Kyoto Prefectural Route 38 (Kurama-kaido).

• この通路は線路の下をくぐることで反対側へとつながっている。
• This access way allows connection to the opposite side by going under the tracks.

• 摂受（しょうじゅ）とは、折伏（しゃくぶく）に対する反対語。
• Shoju is an antonym for Shakubuku (to correct another's false views and awaken that person to the truth of Buddhism).

• 課税に反対する側が塩の専売制を主張し、専売制が法制化された。
• Those who argued against the tax argued for the monopolization of salt, which became legislated.

• 老中堀田正俊らの強硬な反対により、綱吉が5代将軍に就任した。
• Tsunayoshi became the 5th shogun as a result of a strong opposition of roju Masatoshi HOTTA.

• これに反対する一部の国人衆は稲屋妻城に立てこもって抵抗した。
• Some local samurais who opposed to this outcome resisted and locked themselves in protest inside the Inayazuma-jo Castle.

• これを『保元』『平治』物語とみる理解もあるが、反対意見も多い。
• Some regard this as the tales of 'Hogen' and 'Heiji,' but there are many opposing opinions.

• これには公家などから反対が多く、結局大阪行幸の実行に留まった。
• Mainly of the court's nobles opposed this doctrine, so the new government only performed Imperial visitation in Osaka.

• 秀満は賛成したが、利三はその無謀さから反対したと言われている。
• It is said that Hidemitsu was in favor of the plot but that Toshimitsu was opposed, considering it too reckless.

• 韓国統治の総責任者伊藤博文は当初早期の韓国併合を反対していた。
• Hirobumi ITO, the person in charge of governing South Korea, was initially against carrying out the annexation of Korea in the early stage.

• 開国（かいこく）とは、鎖国の反対で外国と交際・貿易をすること。
• The opening of a country to the outside world (as opposed to national isolation) means to interact and trade with foreign countries.

• 貞時の父、北条時宗はそれで反対勢力の力を削ぎ、かつ旨く収めた。
• Tokimune HOJO, the father of Sadatoki, made the power of the rebellious group diminish in the same way, getting the situation successfully under control.

• しかし、江戸大坂十里四方に領地を持つ大名旗本から反対が起こる。
• But daimyo and hatamoto who had territories within the areas of ju-ri square of Edo and Osaka opposed this policy.

• 水戸藩には大友即位説に反対する史官もいたが、少数だったらしい。
• Few chroniclers opposed to the Otomo enthronement theory in the Mito Province.

• 戦局が不利になると和平を唱え、東條英機に反対する立場に回った。
• When the tide of the war started to turn against Japan, he advocated peace, as his viewpoint opposed Hideki TOJO.

• 彼は地元農民とともに反対運動を起こすも芳しい成果は出なかった。
• He started the opposition movement together with the local peasants, but the results were poor.

• 外務権少丞として明治初期の日朝交渉に当たり、征韓論に反対した。
• He objected to the 'Seikanron' (subjugation of Korea) debate in negotiating with Joseon as Gaimugon no Shojo (a junior secretary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs).

• 反対に中小藩の中には商人側からの取引打切通知を受ける藩も現れた。
• On the other hand, some small or medium sized domains received a notice of deal termination from merchants.

• そのため、慶喜の死罪および徳川家改易などの厳罰には反対していた。
• Therefore, they stood against the severe penalties of Capital crime lobbied upon Yoshinobu, and the changing in the ranking of the Tokugawa family.

• 第一条、慶喜の水戸謹慎に対しては政府副総裁の岩倉具視が反対した。
• The conditions of Article Number One; the Vice President in charge of the new government (Seifu Fuku Sosai), Tomomi IWAKURA, was opposed to the confinement of Yoshinobu in Mito.

• これは反対に遭い断念するが、代わりに大内盛見に九州征伐を命じた。
• He faced opposition however and abandoned the plan, instead ordering Morimi OUCHI to subjugate the Kyushu area.

• 隆麿の父公純は東京奠都にも反対で、清風館に幽閉され、茶事に遊ぶ。
• Takamaro's father, Kinzumi, was against Tokyo Tento (transfer of the national capital to Tokyo) and he was confined in Seifukan and enjoyed chaji (the tea ceremony).

• 駅本屋側ホームが1番線（上り）、反対側のホームが2番線（下り）。
• The station building side platform is for Platform 1 (inbound) and the opposite platform for Platform 2 (outbound).

• 1893年に軍令部が設置されるが、結局陸軍の反対により頓挫した。
• In 1893, the Military Command section was set up, but it was abolished soon afterwards due to objections from the Army.

• 比叡山の最澄による天台戒壇独立運動には僧綱の上首として反対した。
• He opposed, as a Joshu (the head of a group) of Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs), Tendai sect's Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) independence movement waged by Saicho from Mt. Hiei.

• 前項に規定する反対の意思の表示は、施行日前にしなければならない。
• The indication of contrary intention prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be made on or before the enforcement date.

• 反対面が焼けてくるとまた専用具でひっくり返し、ボール状に整える。
• When the other side of the dough begins to roast, turn it over again with the eyeleteer and make it into a perfect ball.

• 命令･判決等が特定時までに反対の事由が示されなければ効力を生じる
• nisi

• 反対側の柱の左右にも同じようにして、八角形の魔除けの鏡をかける。
• In the same way, other hooks are driven into the same points of both pillars on the opposite side, and octagonal mirrors charmed to avert evil are hung from them.

• また、反対に強引に商品を売りつける行為を押売（おしうり）と呼ぶ。
• On the other hand, the act of forcing sales of merchandise was called oshiuri.

• 結党直後から東京市電値上げ反対運動など積極的に大衆運動を展開した。
• Immediately after its establishment, the Nihon Shakaito aggressively generated mass movements such as the one opposing the fare rise of the Tokyo Shiden (the streetcar network of Tokyo City).

• 第六条の慶喜を支えた面々の処分については副総裁三条実美が反対した。
• The conditions of Article number Six: Vice President, Sanetomi SANJO, was opposed to Katsu's suggestion for the supporters of Yoshinobu.

• 岩倉や伊藤は慎重論を唱え、木戸らは反対するが、方針として決定さた。
• IWAKURA and ITO insisted that further careful argument was required, and KIDO was opposed to the reform, but the government decided on a concrete plan.

• 当然ながら、これに反対する百姓によって一揆（郡上一揆）が勃発する。
• Naturally, this led to an uprising (Gujo ikki) by farmers who were against the policy.

• 義経はそんなものをつければ兵が臆病風にふかれて退いてしまうと反対。
• Yoshitsune opposed this idea saying that the soldiers would turn into cowards and row backwards.

• 大臣の蘇我稲目は礼拝に賛成したが、大連の物部尾輿と鎌子は反対した。
• SOGA no Iname, an oomi clan (one of ancient hereditary titles denoting rank and political standing and the most powerful version of omi), agreed to the worship of Buddha, while MONONOBE no Okoshi, an omuraji clan (the most powerful version of muraji) and Kamako opposed it.

• 8月25日、新富座にて「官有物払い下げ反対」の大演説会を開催する。
• On August 25, he held a large-scale speech meeting 'to oppose the sale of property belonging to the Hokkaido Development Agency' at the Shintomi-za Theater.

• 井上は保守的で中央集権国家の確立に尽力して政党政治に強く反対した。
• Inoue was conservative, and he was committed to the establishment of a centralized government, strongly opposing the party government.

• 反対尋問においては、必要があるときは、誘導尋問をすることができる。
• During cross examination, leading questions may be asked when necessary.

• 極稀に、可憐さとは正反対に、精悍な体育会系に描写される場合もある。
• Very rarely, they were described as virile young men contrary to pretty boys.

• 反対に近い地方では夫役や大量のかさばる品物などが収取され易かった。
• In contrast, the owner of a shoen who lived nearby it tended to want the shoen residents to offer bueki or a huge amount of bulky goods and the like.

• 安政の大獄とは、これらの諸策に反対する者たちを弾圧した事件である。
• Ansei no Taigoku was the oppression of people who were against such policies.

• だが父に恋を反対された中納言は父の決めた相手と結婚し、姫君と別れる。
• Met with his father's opposition, he marries the woman whom the father has selected for him and leaves the princess.

• 勤王の志強い山南も強く反対したが、近藤、土方は全く取り合わなかった。
• Sannan, who was high-spirited in his loyalty to the Emperor, strongly opposed it, but Kondo and Hijikata paid absolutely no attention to him.

• 頼朝は富士川の戦いで勝利し、各地の反対勢力を滅ぼして関東を制圧した。
• Yoritomo won the Battle of Fujigawa, destroying the opposition forces and gaining control of the Kanto area.

• 義元の女婿である嫡男・武田義信とその傅役・飯富虎昌が激しく反対する。
• Yoshinobu TAKEDA, who was Yoshimoto's son in law as well as the legitimate son of Shingen, and Toramasa OBU, Yoshinobu's fu (tutor to a crown prince) was fiercely opposed to Shingen's plan.

• 明治6年の征韓論に際して、黒田は内治重視の立場から西郷らに反対した。
• With regard to the seikanron (an opinion to dispatch a mission to Korea) in 1873, Kuroda opposed Saigo and some others as he took the position to emphasize internal politics.

• その後岩倉具視が帰国し内治優先の立場から使節派遣に反対の上奏をした。
• Later Tomomi IWAKURA, when he returned home, reported the opposition to the dispatch of the envoy, to the throne, and their placing priority on domestic issues.

• しかし、堀田正俊の反対にあって実現しなかったとする宮将軍擁立説がある。
• However, there is a theory about this 'back-up Miyashogun' that suggests this plan was never realized due to opposition from Masatoshi HOTTA.

• 駅本屋側が1番ホーム、跨線橋を渡った反対側のホームが2番ホームである。
• The platform nearer the station building is Platform 1, and the one opposite crossing a passengers' overpass is Platform 2.

• この後、光雄は正博の反対を押して支援者を募ろうと上京し、逆に散財する。
• After that, he left for Tokyo to seek support from other people in spite of Masahiro's objections, but he just threw his money away.

• 駅舎は2番ホーム側にあり、反対側の1番ホームへは跨線橋で連絡している。
• The station building is on the side of Platform 2, and opposite Platform 1 is connected by a passenger overpass.

• 江戸帰還に反対して京都に残留して、同年3月の壬生浪士組結成に参画する。
• He was opposed to going back to Edo and stayed in Kyoto and in March of the same year he participated in organizing Mibu-Roshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group).

• 再主尋問は、反対尋問に現われた事項及びこれに関連する事項について行う。
• Redirect examination shall be conducted on matters mentioned in the cross examination and any matters relevant thereto.

• 反対に後味がぼけた感じがするときは「コシがない」「コシが弱い」という。
• Contrarily, if the aftertaste is unclear one, it is expressed as 'koshi ga nai (Literally, 'It has no koshi') or 'koshi ga yowai (Literally, 'Koshi is weak').

• 最澄が延暦寺に戒壇設置を求めた際に元興寺の護命とともに反対論を唱えた。
• When Saicho asked for the establishment of Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) in Enryaku-ji Temple, Buan together with Gomyo of Gango-ji Temple publicly opposed it.

• 政府が景気対策で「内需拡大」を訴えたところ、恵諦は公式の席で反対した。
• When the government appealed for 'domestic demand expansion' as economic measures, Etai disagreed in public appearances.

• 子その他の利害関係人は、認知に対して反対の事実を主張することができる。
• A child or any other interested person may assert opposing facts against an affiliation.

• 吉田寮では、前述の閉寮反対運動に関連して、入寮対象者を拡大していった。
• Yoshida dormitory has eased the requirements for entering as a part of the above-mentioned opposition movement against the closure of dormitory.

• しかし、前者は行家、源光長の猛反対で潰れ、後者も衆徒が承引しなかった。
• However, the former idea collapsed due to the fierce objection by Yukiie and MINAMOTO no Mitsunaga while the latter also was not accepted by the monk-soldiers.

• が、差配所の奥印については市民の反対が絶えないためについにこれを廃した。
• However, as objection about Okuin (seal of approval on the end of a deed) from the citizens never ceased to stop, the magistrate office finally discontinued this.

• また、義弘・忠恒親子が積極的に推進した琉球出兵にも反対していたとされる。
• Also, Yoshihisa opposed sending troops to Ryukyu which had been actively supported by Yoshihiro and Tadatsune.

• 田村麻呂は彼らを許すことを主張したが、都の貴族は反対し、二人を処刑した。
• Although Tamuramaro insisted on acquitting the two commanders, his proposal was objected to by court nobles in Kyoto and the commanders were executed.

• 福井県では断髪令に反対する一揆が発生し、6人が騒乱罪で死刑となっている。
• In Fukui Prefecture, one group which opposed Zanpatsu Datto Rei caused uprising, resulting the death penalty of six individuals.

• だが、中平は会社側の「ハリウッドでやれ」という反対を押し切って実行した。
• But Nakahira practiced it, in spite of company opposition, as a 'Shoot in Hollywood.'

• これを機に厳格な父の反対を押し切って1924年、日活大将軍撮影所へ入社。
• Tasaka took this as an opportunity to join Nikkatsu Daishogun Studios in 1924 despite opposition from his strict father.

• 西郷らが主張する征韓論や大久保らが主張する台湾出兵には一貫して反対した。
• He consistently opposed Saigo's policy of subjugation of Korea and Okubo's military invasion of Taiwan.

• 承久3年（1221年）発生した承久の乱では後鳥羽天皇らの挙兵に反対した。
• When the Jokyu War started in 1221, he opposed the raising of an army by Emperor Gotoba and others.

• 渉成園（枳殻邸）上珠数屋町通から下珠数屋町通（入り口は反対側の間之町通）
• Shoseien Garden (Kikokutei), from Kami-juzuyamachi-dori Street to Shimo-juzuyamachi-dori Street (the entrance is the opposite side on Ainomachi-dori Street).

• この桜は現在も鹿島神宮の鹿園の反対側の森に「東雄桜」として残されている。
• These cherry trees still remain as 'Azumaosakura (Azumao's cherry trees)' in the forest on the opposite side of the Rokuen (deer garden) in the Kajima-jinja Shrine.

• が、欽明天皇代と同様の理由により物部守屋は猛反対した（第二次崇仏論争）。
• However, by the same reason as the one in the age of the Emperor Kinmei, MONONOBE no Moriya was strongly against it (the second dispute on the worship of Buddhism).

• すなわち絶対的な権力を持つが故に誤謬が許されない天皇の親政に反対し続けた。
• In other words, he continued to resist Imperial monarchy because errors are unacceptable when it comes to the possession of absolute political power.

• 政府内外から反対意見が提出されたが、政府はその説を少数とみて採らなかった。
• People inside and outside government presented dissenting opinions, but the government did not accept them because they were a minority.

• だが、義満がこれを政治的に利用して反対勢力を討伐していった事は事実である。
• However, it is a fact that Yoshimitsu utilized it for political affairs and used it to suppress opposing forces.

• 駅本屋側単式ホームが1番線、跨線橋を渡って反対側の島式ホームが2・3番線。
• Platform 1 is the single-sided one nearer the main station building, and Platform 2 and 3 are the ones of the island type on the opposite side crossing an overpass.

• 西本願寺（浄土真宗本願寺派本山）　花屋町から北小路（正面は反対側の堀川通）
• Nishi Honganji Temple (head temple of Jodo Shinshu sect, Honganji-ha Buddhist), from Hanayacho to Kita-koji (the front faces the opposite Horikawa-dori Street)

• 同月、海外渡航を試みて長崎でイギリス商人グラバーと接触するが、反対される。
• In the same year, Takasugi contacted an English merchant named Glover in Nagasaki, in an attempt to go abroad, but Glover rejected the proposal.

• 後に貴族院_(日本)となり地租増徴に反対するなど独自の政治運動を展開した。
• Afterwards, he became a member of the House of Peers, and carryed on his own political campaigns such as opposing a plan to increase land taxes.

• しかし、信頼性の低さは、記されたことの反対を正しいとする証拠にもならない。
• The low reliability of the description, however, does not prove that opposite of the description to be correct.

• 政府からは好意見も聞こえたが、内閣法制局の反対にあいこの計画は退けられる。
• Some government officials positively reacted while the Cabinet Legislation Bureau disagreed with him and rejected his plan.

• 反対尋問は、特段の事情のない限り、主尋問終了後直ちに行わなければならない。
• Unless there are special circumstances, cross examination shall be conducted immediately following the completion of direct examination.

• 武道の理念は流派、武道家により様々であり、正反対の考え方さえ存在している。
• The ideal of budo varies from one school to another or from one martial artist to another, and contradictory views exist.

• 反対に幕府の支配下では公家法・本所法は適用されないものとして拒絶している。
• On the other hand, under the control of bakufu, kugeho and honjo law were rejected as not applicable.

• 一部の家臣の反対に遭いこれを断念、あらたに持富の子の畠山政久を後継者とする。
• However, he was forced to abandon the plan in the face of opposition from some of his vassals and named Mochitomi's son, Masanaga HATAKEYAMA (Yasaburo) as his successor.

• 当時、慶勝は徳川慶喜の辞官納地問題に際し、領地返上に反対の立場をとっていた。
• In those days, Yoshikatsu took the stance to oppose to giving up the territories on Jikan nochi (an order for surrendering the Shogunate post and domains to the Imperial Court) of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA.

• すると、反対派によって度々公宗の一件を持ち出されて中傷されたといわれている。
• His opponents were said to libel him by repeatedly citing the case of Kinmune.

• 同年勃発した承久の乱に際しては、後鳥羽上皇の幕府打倒計画に反対したとされる。
• On the occasion of the Jokyu War, he opposed to the Retired Emperor Gotoba's plot to overthrow the bakuifu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

• 反対方向からの通過列車と行違いを行う停車列車は、上下線とも2番線に停車する。
• A train, regardless of whether it is up or down, when stopping at this station to allow a nonstop train coming in from the opposite direction to pass, does so on Platform 2.

• 反対方向からの通過列車と行違いを行う停車列車は、上下線とも1番線に停車する。
• A train, regardless of whether it is inbound or outbound, when stopping at this station to allow a nonstop train coming in from the opposite direction to pass it, does so on Platform 1.
• A train, regardless of whether it's inbound or outbound, when stopping at this station to allow a nonstop train coming in from the opposite direction to pass it, does so on Platform 1.

• 松方は大隈が進める外債による政府発行紙幣の整理に真っ向から反対したのである。
• MATSUKATA was in direct opposition to OKUMA's policy of seeking foreign loans to adjust government-issued bills.

• この縁談には観行院はもちろんの事、孝明天皇、そして和宮本人も大反対であった。
• This marriage proposal was strongly opposed by not only Kangyoin, but Emperor Komei and Princess Kazunomiya herself.

• 1884年12月、立憲改進党解党に反対するが大隈重信、河野敏鎌ら幹部が脱党。
• In December 1884, he opposed the dissolution of the Consitutional Progressive Party; however, leading members such as Shigenobu OKUMA and Togama KONO left the party.

• 守屋と中臣勝海は「国神に背いて他神を敬うなど、聞いたことがない」と反対した。
• Moriya and NAKATOMI no Katsumi strongly disagreed with this saying 'we have never heard of any emperor worship the God of a foreign country and not his own.'

• が、両者の差別に対する考え方あるいはスタンスは正反対と言ってよいほどに異なる。
• However, with respect to their views or stances on discrimination, they are different to the point of being almost opposite.

• 葵の上の死後、右大臣は源氏と結婚させることも考えたが、弘徽殿女御が猛反対した。
• After the death of Lady Aoi, the Udaijin considered marrying her to Genji, but Lady Kokiden was vehemently against it.

• この広い道路は将来の発展を考え、山縣が周辺の反対を押し切って作ったものである。
• Yamagata was determined to construct these wide roads over strong opposition for future development of the area.

• 9月5日、東京日比谷公園でも講和条約反対を唱える民衆による決起集会が開かれた。
• On September 5, another rally took place by the people who called for abrogating the peace treaty in Hibiya Park in Tokyo.

• 政府内でも批判の声が起こり、特に払下げの規則を作った前大蔵卿の大隈が反対した。
• Some people criticized the sale of the properties even within the government, and especially OKUMA, the previous Minister of the Treasury who made a rule for sales of the properties, strongly opposed it.

• 明暦3年（1657年）幕府と藩の反対派の圧力に耐えがたく、遂に岡山藩を去った。
• In 1657, the pressure from the opposing force in the Edo shogunate and in the Okayama Domain caused him to resign from his post in the clan.

• 馬堀駅寄りに地下歩道があり、反対側のホームへの移動はこの歩道を使うことになる。
• Passengers use an underground passage provided on the Umahori Station side when moving between the two platforms.

• この行為に対し寺院側、反対派地元住民、およびいくつかの報道機関が批判を行った。
• Against this action, criticism came from the temple's side, local people in opposition and portions of the mass media.

• そのことから、摂受の裏に折伏があり、反対に折伏の裏に摂受があることを示唆した。
• With such descriptions, he implied that shoju backs up shakubuku, and shakubuku backs up shoju.

• 議事進行を妨害するなので長演説はいまも反対派にとっては有効な方策となっている)
• filibuster

• 会議に参加した山内容堂は猛反対するが、岩倉らが押し切り、辞官納地が決定された。
• Although Yodo YAMANOUCHI firmly opposed the idea, the requirement, pushed by Tomomi IWAKURA, was decided.

• モリソン号事件を知った高野長英は「戊戌夢物語」で幕府の異国船打払令に反対した。
• Choei TAKANO, learning about the Morrison incident, opposed the edict to repel foreign vessels issued by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in his book 'Bojutsu yumemonogatari.'

• 恭親王たちは元々対外戦争に反対し、現実路線の外交を展開しようとした穏健派である。
• Grand Prince Yixin and others were originally moderates who had been against war with foreign countries and tried to carry out realistic diplomacy.

• しかし、信虎時代を知る老臣たちは慄き、勝頼に信虎の甲斐入りに強く反対したという。
• However, old retainers who remembered Nobutora's days were so feared that they strongly opposed Katsuyori against Nobutora's return to Kai.

• 治世下の秩父での年貢増徴反対一揆や伝馬騒動等が発生し苦難の藩政運営を強いられた。
• Masachika was forced to have a hard time in managing his domain when an anti-tax-increase ikki (a riot) in ruled Chichibu area, tenma sodo (Post Horse Rebellion) and so on arose.

• 反対方向からの通過列車と行違いを行う停車列車は、上下線とも2番のりばに停車する。
• Trains that stop at the station to meet other trains coming from the opposite direction stop at Platform 2 on both the inbound and outbound lines.

• 慶勝は再征に反対し、茂徳の征長総督就任を拒否させ、上洛して御所警衛の任についた。
• Yoshikatsu objected to the re-Conquest and let Mochinaga refuse the assumption of the governor conquering of Choshu, and then went to the capital to take the position of the guard at Imperial Palace.

• 札幌本庁を預かっていた松本十郎_(開拓使大判官)は、強制移住に反対して辞任した。
• Juro MATSUMOTO (Hokkaido Development Commissioner) who was in charge of the Sapporo government resigned in opposition to the forced emigration.

• 『周易』では李鼎祚が王弼注の義理易に反対して鄭玄を始めとする漢代象数易を伝えた。
• With regard to 'Zhouyi,' Ri Tei So (li ding zuo) opposed the Giri-eki (ethics and philosophy divination) with annotation by Wang Bi, and preached Shosu-eki (graphic and mathematical divination) by Jo Gen (Zheng Xuan) and others from the Han Dynasty.

• 反対尋問　主尋問に現れた事項及びこれに関連する事項並びに証言の信用性に関する事項
• Cross examination -　Matters mentioned in the direct examination and any matters related thereto, and matters concerning credibility of the testimony

• 『古事記』では天孫降臨で日向の高千穂を韓国に向かい笠沙の岬の反対側の所としている。
• In 'Kojiki,' Takachiho in Himuka described in tensonkorin (the descent to earth of the grandson of the sun goddess) is a place opposite to the cape Kasasa that faces Korea.

• 清盛はこの年の11月、軍事クーデターをおこし、後白河法皇を幽閉、反対派を一掃した。
• Kiyomori incarcerated Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa and cleared the opponents through a military coup in December 1179.

• 「竹槍で どんと突き出す 二分五厘」で有名な地租改正反対一揆の先駆けともいわれる。
• This is said to have ushered in the peasant revolt against the land-tax reform which is famous with the Haiku meaning 'Poke 2.5% tax cut with bamboo lances.'

• さらに左大臣に就任した島津久光が、大久保主導の急進的改革への反対建白書を提出した。
• Moreover, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, who had assumed the office of the Minister of the Left, submitted a petition against the radical reforms led by Okubo.

• この際、上皇の後を追って出家しようとしたが、上皇の反対によって思い止まったという。
• At this time, he tried to enter the priesthood along with the Retired Emperor, but gave up the idea because of the Retired Emperor's opposition.

• 京都府道38号京都広河原美山線（鞍馬街道）とは集落を挟んだ反対側の山の斜面にある。
• The station is located on the mountainside, and beyond the village on the other side is the Kyoto-hirogawara-miyama Line of the Kyoto Prefectural Route 38 (Kurama-kaido).

• 12番線の反対側は高架橋そのものが建設されておらず、直接ホームの外壁となっている。
• The other side of Platform 12 is the exterior wall of the platform, but no elevated bridge has been constructed.

• 日露戦争時には、健全財政論・防御中心の軍備を主張する政治的立場から開戦に反対した。
• When the Russo-Japanese War broke out, he opposed the start of the war from his political standpoint that emphasized a balanced budget plan and defense-centric armaments.

• 秀頼は当初、和議に反対したといわれているが、淀殿の主張などによって和議が実現した。
• Although it is said that Hideyori was against peace talks from the beginning, peace talks were realized partly because of Yodo-dono's opinion.

• また閣内でも直弼の方針に反対した老中・久世広周、寺社奉行・板倉勝静らを免職にした。
• He also dismissed Hirochika KUZE, a member of the Roju, and Katsukiyo ITAKURA, who was a jisha-bugyo (a magistrate of temples and shrines) who opposed Naosuke's policy in the cabinet.

• 帰国後に起きた征韓論争においては、大久保・木戸らとともに遣韓使節反対の立場を取る。
• When the debate to conquer Korea arose after his returning home from abroad, he took a position to oppose sending Japanese official diplomatic delegations to Korea with Okubo and Kido.

• （応長2年〈1312年〉に、「専修寺」と額を掲げるが、叡山の反対により撤去する。）
• (In 1312, he posted the name 'Senju-ji,' but the people of Enryaku-ji Temple opposed it and the name was taken down.)

• （応長2年〈1312年〉にに、「専修寺」の額を掲げるが、叡山の反対により撤去する。
• (In 1312 he put up the framework of 'Senju-ji Temple' but it was removed by Eizan's opposition.)

• しかし、除目は天皇の権限に属すると他の出席者が反対したため、経宗は発言を撤回した。
• However, as other participants objected to it, saying that Jimoku fell under the authority of the emperor, Tsunemune retracted his statement.

• 葵の上の死後に右大臣が朧月夜と源氏を結婚させようとした時も、猛反対して許さなかった。
• Therefore, she vehemently rejected Udaijin's plan to marry Oborozukiyo to Genji after the death of Lady Aoi.

• 清氏は幕政の実権を握ったが、国清の鎌倉帰還や南朝勢力の進出で反対派は清氏打倒を計画。
• Although Kiyouji held control in the Shogunate, with Kunikiyo returning to Kamakura and advances by the Southern Court forces, opposing factions were plotting to overthrow him.

• これについてはそれぞれの立場（権力・宗教）によって、正反対の評価が下されるであろう。
• Concerning this, completely different evaluations will be made depending on who makes the evaluation based on what standpoint (power or religion).

• 反対派は、篤胤はさまざまな書物を恣意的に解釈して、強引に理屈をつけていると批判した。
• Anti-Atsutane group accused Atsutane, stating he interpreted many books arbitrary and made arguments forcefully.

• 明治政府の瓦解を恐れた伊藤博文が、これらに反対し、結局、徴兵令による国軍が出動した。
• Fearing that the Meiji government might collapse, Hirofumi ITO opposed them and dispatched the national army, which was formed through the conscription orders.

• 但し出家の時に親王宣下を望んだというが(『荒暦』)、斯波義将の反対で果たせなかった。
• Although he wished to be given the title of Imperial Prince when he became the priest ('Koryaku' (diary of Tsunetsugu ICHIJO)), he could not achieve it due to opposition from Yoshiyuki SHIBA.

• そして、さらに条約改正案（外国人判事の任用など）が世間に知られると、大反対が起こった
• And it faced a fierce opposition when the proposals for revising treaties (for example, the appointment of foreign judges) became public.

• 鬼門とは反対の、南西（坤 ひつじさる）の方角を裏鬼門と言い、この方角も忌み嫌われる。
• The direction opposite the kimon, the southwest (hitsuji-saru; between the Ram (eighth sign of Chinese zodiac which means south-southwest) and the Monkey (ninth sign of Chinese zodiac which means west-southwest)), is called Urakimon (the back demons' gate), and people have an aversion for this direction as well.

• 分島にたいする琉球人の反対もあり、清は提案受け入れの態度を変えて調印に至らなかった。
• Qing changed its mind upon hearing the opposition of the Ryukyuans to divisional rule over the islands; and as a result, the negotiation did not end in agreement.

• だが、超然主義者の前首相山縣有朋を始め、松方自身が率いる薩摩藩藩閥からも反対論が出た。
• However, there was opposing argument from the previous prime minister, Aritomo YAMAGATA holding on to the doctrine of superiority as well as Satsuma Domain clique led by MATSUKATA himself.

• 密勅の返納に反対する藩士は城下を離れて街道を封鎖し脱藩、後に井伊直弼の襲撃を計画する。
• Feudal retainers of the domain left the castle town and blocked roads and left the domain, and later organized an attack against Naosuke II.

• 政治能力に欠ける同母兄の藤原誠信とは反対に、若年時より切れ者の能吏として頭角を現した。
• Unlike his elder brother-uterine, FUJIWARA no Sanenobu, who lacked competence as a politician, he distinguished himself as a competent politician since he was young.

• 中でも水谷は日本では他のスタッフより知名度が低いが、反対にフランスでは水谷が一番有名。
• Among them, Mizutani is less known than the others in Japan, but on the other hand, he is most famous in France.

• しかし清盛の後を継いだ宗盛が暗愚だったため、宗盛の反対で何ひとつ実現しなかったと言う。
• However, it is said that Munemori, who succeeded Kiyomori's position, was an imbecile and nothing came to pass as he objected.

• これに対して兼実は、宣旨をなし官符を請印するのは天皇の権限に属するとして強く反対した。
• Kanezane strongly opposed to this insisting that the authority to issue Senji (imperial decree) and stamp Kanpu (official notice from Daijokan) was solely given to the emperor.

• 山間の狭い所にある集落であり、農耕地は主に駅と反対側の民家裏に少し存在する程度である。
• They form a narrow village between the mountains; a bit of farmland exists as well, mainly behind the houses on the opposite side of the station.

• 駅舎は2番ホーム（下り）側にあり、反対側の1番ホーム（上り）へは跨線橋で連絡している。
• The station building is on the side of outbound Platform 2 and is connected to the inbound Platform 1 by a passengers' overpass.

• しかし、大久保が殺されることを危惧した伊藤博文らに朝議で反対され、希望は叶わなかった。
• But Hirofumi ITO and others opposed his going because they were afraid that OKUBO might be killed, and his wish was not realized.

• 1889年（明治22年）には日本倶楽部をつくり、大隈重信の不平等条約改正案に反対する。
• Organizing the Japan Club in 1889, he opposed the draft to revise unequal treaties formulated by Shigenobu OKUMA.

• このため、老中の稲葉正則の反対があって家督相続が認められないという異例の状態が続いた。
• Since Roju (a member of shogun's council of elders) Masanori INABA opposed Ujiharu's succession to the family headship for that reason, an exceptional condition that Ujiharu was not allowed to succeed the family headship continued for a while.

• しかしこの事が原因で同年に井伊直弼が発動した反対派への大弾圧安政の大獄の際に連座した。
• However, this caused him to be implicated in Ansei no Taigoku, which was a large-scale suppression of opponents invoked in the same year by Naosuke II.

• だが、反対運動や水需要の減少等により2003年（平成15年）に計画の見直しが図られた。
• However, the plan was reassessed in 2003 due to opposition movements and a decline in water demand.

• 小手返し：相手の手首を取り反対の手を相手の手の甲に添え手首を返しつつ肩関節を外転外旋。
• Kotegaeshi: Take the opponent's wrist and place the other hand on the back of opponent's hand, twisting the wrist while moving the shoulder joint outward and rotating it outward.

• （反対に、いつでも礼拝の対象を持ち歩く事は、良い事であると考える本願寺派僧侶もいる。)
• (Some monks of Hongan-ji School consider, to the contrary, that it is good behavior to always bring an object of worship.)

• 貴族院_(日本)では曾我祐準（日本鉄道社長）や仙石貢（九州鉄道社長）が反対論を唱えた。
• In the House of Peers, Sukenori SOGA (the president of Nippon Railway) and Mitsugi SENGOKU (the president of Kyushu Railway) opposed to the bill.

• 朝廷の明経道・明法道博士などの意見も求めたが、幕府・朝廷から様々な反対意見が多かった。
• He invited comments from hakase (teachers) of Myogyodo (the study of Confucian classics) and Myobodo (the study of Codes) of Imperial Court, and so on; there were various dissenting opinions from the bakufu and Imperial Court.

• 伊藤博文は死刑に反対する意見がある場合、戒厳令を発してでも断行すべきであると主張した。
• Hirobumi ITO insisted that if some people were opposed to the death penalty, the government should declare a state of martial law to enforce the death sentence.

• 鳥羽法皇は忠盛の有する軍事的・経済的実力の重要性から藤原頼長の反対を押し切って擁護した。
• The Cloistered Emperor Toba supported Tadamori because of his strong military and financial power over FUJIWARA no Yorinaga's opposition.

• しかし、西園寺は、荒木が唱えだした頃からこの論には反対であり、結局、大赦はならなかった。
• However, Saionji had been against the theory ever since Araki had begun to advocate it and in the end, the pardon did not take place.

• 西南戦争以後に、不平士族の反対運動は国会開設や憲法制定を要求する自由民権運動に移行する。
• After Seinan War, opposition movements by fuhei shizoku shifted to Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right) demanding the establishment of the National Diet and formulation of a constitution.

• この合流によって、天狗党挙兵には反対であった武田耕雲斎が天狗党と行動を共にする事になる。
• Because Yorinori joined Tenguto, Kounsai TAKEDA, who was originally against Tenguto's raising army, started acting with them.

• 政府や明六社は時期尚早として反対したが、以後、同様の建白書が続々と提出されることとなる。
• At first, the government and the Meiroku-sha (Japan's first academic society) opposed to the petition saying that it was too early, but similar petitions began to be presented one after another after this.

• 建武 (日本)2年（1335年）、足利尊氏が新田義貞征伐を上奏した際に、強硬に反対した。
• In 1335, he strongly opposed Takauji ASHIKAGA's proposal of defeating Yoshisada NITTA to the throne.

• 跨線橋を渡った反対側の島式ホーム側（2番線）は、快速の通過退避をする普通列車が停車する。
• The opposite island-type platform (Platform 2) crossing an overpass is where local trains stop to take refuge, thus allowing rapid trains to overtake them.

• 駅舎（改札口）は嵐山行ホーム嵐山寄りにあり、反対側の桂行ホームへは地下道で連絡している。
• The station building (ticket gate) is in the direction of Arashiyama Station of the platform for trains bound for Arashiyama, and is connected with a underground passage to the platform for trains bound for Katsura on the opposite side.

• 駅舎（改札口）は桂行ホーム嵐山寄りにあり、反対側の嵐山行ホームへは地下道で連絡している。
• The station building (ticket gate) is in the direction of Arashiyama Station of the platform for trains bound for Katsura, and is connected with a underground passage to the platform for trains bound for Arashiyama on the opposite side.

• 自由党 (日本)の解党の影響を受け、改進党解党を主張するが、反対にあい、大隈と脱党する。
• By the influence of the dissolution of the Liberal Party, he insisted to dissolve the Constitutional Progressive Party, but he met with the opposition and he left the party with OKUMA.

• 京都で秀頼と会おうとした家康は秀頼の上洛を希望するが、生母の淀殿が反対して拒否を続けた。
• Ieyasu wanted to meet Hideyori in Kyoto and asked Hideyori to come to Kyoto, but his real mother, Yodo-dono, opposed and continue to decline his request.

• 安政5年、養子の澤宣嘉とともに廷臣八十八卿列参事件に加わり、日米修好通商条約勅許に反対。
• In 1858 he joined Teishin hachiju-hachi kyo ressan jiken (Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court) with his adopted son Nobuyoshi SAWA and opposed the imperial sanction of The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan.

• 青梅街道や甲州街道沿いに敷設したかったが、当時鉄道敷設には強烈な反対運動が起こっていた。
• Although he initially planned to lay the railroads along the Ome-kaido Road and along the Kosyu-kaido Road, residents had been developping a strong movement against building a railway at that time.

• しかし、力士会の反対で11月の一場所かぎりで径4.55m(15尺）の現在の土俵となった。
• However, this change was cancelled after the tournament held in November 1945 due to objections from the association of sumo wrestlers, and the dohyo having a diameter of 4.55 m has been used since then.

• だが1960年（昭和35年）の日米安全保障条約改定に反対して離党、参議院同志会に属した。
• In 1960, however, he left the party and joined Sangiin Doshikai (a fraction in the Upper House) in protest of the revision of the Japan - U.S. Security Treaty.

• 前項に規定する「反対株主」とは、次の各号に掲げる場合における当該各号に定める株主をいう。
• The 'dissenting shareholders' provided for in the preceding paragraph shall mean the shareholders provided for in the following items in the cases listed in the same items:
• The 'Dissenting Shareholder' prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall mean a shareholder prescribed in the following items in the cases set forth respectively in those items:

• 父帝もこの親王を愛しむ心深く、ぜひ皇太子にと思ったが、道長の反対でついに実現できなかった。
• His father, Emperor Ichijo, had deep affection for Imperial Prince Atsuyasu and earnestly desired that he be installed as Crown Prince; however, the Emperor's desire was not fulfilled, due to Michinaga's opposition.

• 吉継は、家康と対立することは無謀であるとして反対したが、三成との友誼などもあって承諾した。
• Yoshitsugu thought it would be reckless to have a conflict with Ieyasu and therefore opposed Mitsunari, but he accepted Mitsunari's plan because of their mutual affection as acquaintances.

• やがて、こうした反対論は同条約に不満を持っていた海軍軍令部や右翼団体を巻き込むことになる。
• Later on, the opposing argument involved the Naval General Staff and right-wing groups which were dissatisfied with the treaty.

• 大治4年（1129年）に白河法皇が成通を公卿に推挙した際も鳥羽上皇の反対で実現しなかった。
• Therefore, even when Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa recommended he be made a court noble in 1129, the Retired Emperor Gotoba opposed it and it came to nothing.

• 謙信は信玄の意図を見抜いていて作戦続行を主張したが、関東諸将の反対で撤退するしかなかった。
• Although he insisted on continuing the strategy because he had insight in Shingen's designs, Kenshin had to withdraw due to objections from the warlords in the Kanto region.

• 6月10日の新選組幕臣取立てに反対して御陵衛士に参加しようとするが、規定によって断られた。
• When promotion of the Shinsengumi members to Shogun's retainers was decided on July 11, 1867, SANO, together with Tsukasa IBARAKI, Juro Tomikawa and Goro NAKAMURA, protested it and tried to depart from the Shinsengumi to join the goryo-eji group, but the rule agreed upon between theShinsengumi and the goryo-eji group did not allow them to do so.

• 4年後に同様の申請を行って藤原頼通の許可を得るが、またも道長の反対によりまたも見送られた。
• When the same request was resubmitted four years later they did obtain FUJIWARA no Yorimichi's permission, but because Michinaga was still against it, once again Ryoen could not secure a promotion.

• そのため、岩倉具視・伊藤博文らの反対に遭い、大隈の意見ともども、採択されるに至らなかった。
• Therefore, Tomomi IWAKURA and Hirobumi ITO disagreed with the draft, and neither Japan's national constitution draft nor Okuma's opinion on a constitution was adopted.

• これを見て田沼意次は、重商政策を取り入れようとしたが、反対勢力によって失敗に終わっている。
• Seeing this, Okitsugu TANUMA intended to implement a Mercantilism policy, which ended in failure due to his opponents.

• しかし、群馬県山田郡の鉱毒被害は止まず、この地区ではこの後も鉱毒反対運動が続いた（後述）。
• However, in Yamada County of Gunma Prefecture, the mining pollution kept causing damages and residents of the area kept the movement against the pollution (see below).

• 天狗党に近い藩首脳が更迭され、代わって反対派の諸生党が台頭すると、玉造組は即時に弾圧された。
• Leaders of the Clan close to Tengu-to Party were changed, and when Shosei-to Party which was opposed to Tengu-to Party gained power, Tamatsukuri-gumi was immediately suppressed.

• 従順だった宗盛までが反対意見を述べたことで、今まで押さえ込まれていた還都論は一挙に再燃する。
• As Munemori, who had remained obedient, voiced his opinion in favour of changing the capital, this caused a wave of such opinion, suppressed up to that point, to emerge.

• 守屋と中臣勝海は反対したが、馬子は詔を奉ずべきとして、穴穂部皇子に豊国法師をつれて来させた。
• While Moriya and NAKATOMI no Katsumi objected, Umako told Prince Anahobe to bring a Buddhist preacher named Toyokuni to the imperial court in accordance with Emperor Yomei's orders.

• 成氏は古河城に逃れて古河公方と呼ばれる反対勢力となり、幕府方の関東管領上杉氏と激しく戦った。
• Shigeuji escaped to Koga-jo Castle, joining the opposition to the Bakufu administration, called the Koga Kubo, and fought fiercely against the Uesugi clan, the Bakufu force in Kanto.

• 韓国統監であった伊藤博文と彼を中心とするグループは、「併合は時期尚早である」として反対した。
• Hirobumi ITO, Inspector General of Korea, and his group were opposed to it, because 'the annexation was too early.'

• なお、各地で講和反対の大会が開かれ、神戸（9月7日）、横浜（9月12日）でも暴動が起こった。
• For your information, this kind of rally calling for abrogating the peace treaty took place in various places, and a revolt occurred in Kobe on September 7 and in Yokohama on September 12 as well.

• 禄制改革をはじめとする留守政府の政策に対しては反対意見も存在し、農民一揆なども勃発していた。
• Some people were opposed to the policies of Rusu-seifu including reforms of the stipend system, and peasant uprisings occurred in many places.

• ところが、中央交渉会の政党化を図る古荘・佐々・曾根らとこれに反対する井上・末松らが対立した。
• However, a conflict was created between a group formed by Furusho, Sassa, Sone, etc. who tried to get the Central Negotiation Committee into a political party and a group formed by Inoue, Suematsu, etc. who were against the idea.

• さらに正平の一統破綻後における楠木氏の縁者を仲介とする公武の和平交渉にも反対であったという。
• In addition, he is said to have opposed negotiations between the imperial court and the shogunate which was arranged by the relatives of the Kusunoki clan after the failure of the Shohei no itto.

• ねねと秀吉の結婚に彼女の実母・朝日は生涯反対していたために、浅野長勝の養女となって結婚した。
• Because her birth mother Asahi never approved her daughter's marriage with Hideyoshi all her life, Nene became an adopted daughter of Nagakatsu ASANO to marry Hideyoshi.

• だが、盟友である九条兼実は既に娘・九条任子を入内させており、反対されることを頼朝は危惧した。
• However Kanezane KUJO, Yoritomo's sworn ally, already had his daughter, Ninshi KUJO, enter the court, and Yoritomo feared if Kanezane would raise an objection.

• 結局、福原を暫定的な皇居とすることに落ち着くが、準備不足と混乱から遷都反対の意見も出始める。
• In the end, it was settled that Fukuhara would be made the temporary imperial palace, but, because of insufficient preparation and confusion, opinions arose against the transfer of the capital.

• 剣先から柄までに一本の糸（つるという）を張り、つるが張られた側を峰とし、反対側を刃部とする。
• A piece of string called a tsuru is tied along one side from the tip to the tsuka (hilt), and the side with the tsuru is called 'mine' and the other side is called 'habu.'

• 反対（延期）派の参議である大久保、木戸、大隈、大木は辞表を提出、右大臣の岩倉も辞意を伝える。
• The councilors of opponents (pro-postponement) OKUBO, KIDO, OKUMA, OKI, submitted their letter of resignation, and the Udaijin (minister of the right) IWAKURA also offered his resignation.

• 義就への相続には、守護代の神保氏や被官らが反対し、持富の子である畠山弥三郎を支持して抵抗する。
• The Jimbo clan, who held the Shugo-dai (Deputy Military Governor) position, and other vassals were opposed to the succession of Yoshihiro, and resisted by supporting Yasaburo HATAKEYAMA, the son of Mochitoyo.

• 長岡藩では5月19日に長岡城が落城すると、米の払下や藩による人夫徴用に反対する一揆が発生した。
• In Nagaoka Domain, when Nagaoka-jo Castle surrendered on July 8 (表記の変更), the uprising occurred protesting against the disposition of rice by the new government and the compulsory recruitment of laborers by the domain.

• 茂呂（もろ）型－一縦型石刃の側縁と反対側基部への刃潰し加工－主に関東、中部地方南部、東海に分布
• Moro type: Vertical stone knife which edge and the base of the opposite side is blunted; distributed mainly in Kanto region, the southern part of Chubu region and Tokai region

• 京都所司代に任命されたが、朝廷内から大原重徳を中心に安政の大獄の当事者の起用に反対が起こった。
• Thus, when he was appointed as Kyoto Shoshidai (local governor of Kyoto) after being Osaka jodai, the Imperial Court centered around Shigetomi OHARA was against Munehide because of his role in conducting the Ansei Purge.

• また、大石慎三郎らは「賄賂政治家」という悪評は反対派によって政治的に作られていったとしている。
• Shinsaburo OISHI and others considered that his bad reputation as a corruptible politician was a political creation of his opponents.

• その直後園城寺は延暦寺とは別に戒壇を設けることを奏上したが、山門派の反対にあい実現しなかった。
• Soon after the above incident, Onjo-ji Temple reported to the Emperor its intention to establish kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) independently from that of Enryaku-ji Temple, but this was not realized due to the objection of the Sanmon school (supporters of Enryaku-ji Temple).

• この頃、京都へ尊王攘夷派の志士が集い、「天誅」と称して反対派を暗殺するなど、治安が極端に悪化。
• During this period, public order in Kyoto deteriorated because groups of people who advocated Sonno Joi ha gathered there from across the country and assassinated members of the opposition, insisting that it was a punishment from heaven.

• しかしながら、直江景綱・柿崎景家らが反対したにもかかわらず謙信はあえて陣を敷いたともいわれる。
• It is said that even though Nobutsuna NAOE and Kageie KAKIZAKI opposed stationing there, Kenshin daringly set up his military base there.

• このホテル改築をめぐっては京都の景観を破壊するとの反対意見も根強く、激しい論争が繰り広げられた。
• There was persistent opposition against the rebuilding of the hotel saying it would destroy the beautiful scenery of Kyoto, and heated debates took place about it.

• 3号壁の観音像と対になるもので、像の輪郭線も3号壁のものと向きが反対になるだけでほぼ同じである。
• It is paired with the Kannon image on the wall No. 3, of which outline is almost the same as the mirror image of the Seishi Bosatsu.

• これは反対に当時の村内部で重層的な階層が形成されていたことを示していると考えることも可能である。
• In other words, it can be said that multilayered classes were formed within a village in those days.

• 反対に本来は脇在家・下人・所従など正規の住民としての権利を有しない者には公事負担の義務はなかった。
• On the other hand, people originally having no qualification as residents such as waki zaike (branch zaike), low ranked people, retainers and so on had no obligation to bear kuji.

• 尊仁親王は頼通はもちろん藤原氏自体と縁がなく、頼通は東宮を立てるのはまだ時期尚早であると反対した。
• Imperial Prince Takahito was no relation to the Fujiwara clan nor, of course, Yorimichi, who thought it was premature for the Crown Prince to ascend the throne and opposed the move.

• しかし、数度に及ぶ説得で、方法・人選で反対していた板垣と外務卿の副島が8月初めに西郷案に同意した。
• Itagaki and Fukushima of Gaimukyo were initially opposed to the method and to the selection of Saigo, but they to Saigo's plan after talking together many times in beginning of August.

• 反対に双方に火傷が出なかった場合にはいずれも「失なし」として中分による新たな取り決めが結ばされた。
• On the contrary, if neither of them suffered scalds, both sides would be regarded as 'without fault' and a new deal would be concluded by chubun (the physical division of the land).

• 晩年の思想は、維新（柏尾）、佐幕（沖田）と正反対ではあるが、共に若くして天才肌の剣客、教授方師範。
• Although their late-life beliefs were completely different, restoration (Kashio) and supporting bakufu (Okita), they were both genius expert swordsmen and teachers or masters at young ages.

• だが、実際には東北・上越新幹線反対運動による用地買収の難航やトンネル工事での異常出水などがあった。
• However, the construction of the Tohoku and Joetsu Shinkansen lines met protest campaigns against it, difficulties in procuring necessary land and also met an abnormal amount of water flow in tunnel excavation work.

• 景観論争で諸寺院の建設反対運動があった京都ホテル（旧京都ホテル）とゼスト御池は地下で連絡している。
• Kyoto Hotel (the former Kyoto Hotel), against whose construction temples promoted a protest campaign saying it would disrupt the landscape, is connected with Zest Oike via an underground access.

• 守屋と勝海は強く反対したが、馬子は詔を奉ずべしとして、穴穂部皇子に豊国法師を内裏に引き入れさせた。
• Moriya and Katsumi strongly opposed the Emperor's position, but believing that the Imperial rescript must be given credence, Umako made Prince Anahobe include Toyokuni, the Buddhist priest, into the Imperial circle.

• 彼らの運動は信仰の自由を掲げる反対派と衝突することとなり、憲法起草を巡って大きな政治問題となった。
• Their movement resulted in a conflict with opponents advocating religious freedom, and became a major political issue regarding the making of a draft of the constitution.

• だが、、に廃藩置県が行われると、日本からは領主が一掃される形となり、反対論の大きな理由が失われた。
• However, Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) was done in 1871 and landlords in Japan were cleared away and a big reason of objection disappeared.

• 1582年には親織田派の鈴木孫一が反対派の土橋氏を倒すが、同年の本能寺の変によって信長が横死する。
• In 1582 Magoichi SUZUKI of the pro-Oda faction defeated the Tsuchibashi clan of the anti-Oda faction, however Nobunaga was killed in the Honnoji Incident of the same year.

• 始め匂宮と宇治の中君との仲にも反対だったが、二人の間に男子が誕生した時は自ら産養を主催して祝福した。
• At first, she was against the love between Nioumiya and Uji no nakagimi, but, when they gave birth to a son, she held ubuyashinai (a party to celebrate the birth of a baby) to celebrate it.

• しかし信長はそれが将軍権威の復活につながること、正親町天皇の在位が続いているのに必要ないと反対した。
• But Nobunaga was opposed to him because he was connected to a revival of the Shogun's power and because Emperor Ogimachi still reigned.

• また、「立憲君主として、臣下の決定に反対しない」という昭和天皇の信条は西園寺の影響とする向きもある。
• Also, Emperor Showa's pledge that 'as a constitutional monarch, I will not oppose the decisions made by my subjects' is said to have been influenced by Saionji.

• 菅原氏と反対派の対立は次代以後に持ち越され、後の道真左遷（昌泰の変）の遠因となったとする見方もある。
• The antagonism between the Sugawara clan and the rival faction continued to fester through successive eras, leading some to view this antagonism as the true cause of Michizane's famous demotion later on (in the Shotai Incident).

• 義信は正室をこよなく愛していたため、信玄が同盟を破棄して正室の実家である駿河を攻めることに反対した。
• Yoshinobu loved his wife deeply, so he was against Shingen's abrogation of the alliance and invasion of Suruga, his wife's family home.

• 地元の反対運動、不況、大洪水などあり着工したのは認可から10年後の明治32年（1899年）となった。
• Due to protests by local residents, recession and heavy floods, construction began 10 years later in 1899.

• だが大きな反対一揆は実際に地価の決定などの作業が進められた1875年から1877年にかけて相次いだ。
• However, large-scale revolts took place one after another during the period from 1875 to 1877, when concrete procedures such as deciding land prices were carried out.

• また軍隊からは、先にそちらの強化をおこなうべきだとして、西郷隆盛などを中心に反対の声も上がっていた。
• Moreover, military personnel such as Takamori SAIGO opposed the project, insisting that armaments should be strengthened first.

• これは延暦寺の猛反対によって3日後に取り消されたものの、この騒動の背景には隆弁がいたといわれている。
• Although it was cancelled three days later because of violent opposition by the Enryaku-ji Temple, it is rumored that Ryuben was in the background.

• 駅舎（改札口）は淀屋橋方面ホーム側にあり、反対側の出町柳方面ホームへは改札内の地下道で連絡している。
• The station house (ticket gate) is located on the side of the platform used by the trains bound for Yodoyabashi, and an underground path is provided within the ticket gate to go to the other platform used by the trains bound for Demachiyanagi.

• このころ、元々作家となること反対していた父との対立が結婚問題などにより、さらに深まったため家を出る。
• Around this time, he left home because his conflict with his father, who had always been opposed to his becoming a novelist, worsened over his marriage and other issues.

• 同盟の条件は浅井側に有利であったが、浅井家臣の中では賛否両論であり重臣・遠藤直経も反対だったという。
• Though the terms of the agreement were favorable for the Azai side, there were arguments both for and against it among the vassals of the Azai family, and it is claimed that Naotsune ENDO, a senior vassal, was also against it.

• が、和宮親子内親王の徳川家茂降嫁に関しては反対の立場を取ったため、幕府から圧力を受けて失脚している。
• However, since he was against the marriage of Imperial Princess Kazunomiya Chikako to Iemochi TOKUGAWA, he was overthrown under pressure of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

• また、同条の反対解釈により、日本国憲法の条規に反しない法令は、日本国憲法の施行日以降も効力を有する。
• Conversely, laws and ordinances which conformed to the provisions could be in effect even after the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan.

• 彼らから確実に収取するためにも、在家制度が導入されたのである（反対に荘園側でも同様の賦課を行った）。
• One of the purposes of introducing the zaike system was to make sure of those farmers' tax payment, and similar tax imposition was begun in the shoen.

• しかしこの計画は幕府内の反対にあい計画は頓挫し、以後幕府滅亡まで通信使来日の計画はのぼらなくなった。
• However, this plan was opposed within the bakufu and failed, and after this, no plan to invite Tsushinshi was compiled until the bakufu system became extinct.

• 万延元年（1860年）に大老・井伊直弼が水戸藩浪士に殺害された桜田門外の変では、水戸藩討伐に反対する。
• In 1860, he opposed the punishment of the Mito Clan, whose Ronin had killed Tairo Naosuke II in the Incident Outside the Sakurada Gate.

• 秀吉没後は豊臣政権下の内部抗争の沈静化に尽力し、徳川家康は会津征伐を起こそうとしたときも反対している。
• After Hideyoshi's death, he tried to quell the power struggle within the TOYOTOMI administration and was opposed to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's attempted conquest of Aizu.

• したがって新政府の改革政策に反対する方針を採ることもしばしばであったため、他の官庁との対立が深まった。
• Therefore, as the radicals often opposed the reform policy of the new government, they were increasingly confronted with other agencies in the government.

• 真実は定かでないが、秀忠は10万石を与えようとしたが不仲の兄・忠興の反対で1万石になったとの噂もある。
• Although the truth is not known, there has been a rumor that Hidetada originally planned to give 100,000 goku crop yields but reduced it to 10,000 because the idea was opposed by Tadaoki, the older brother.

• 「外国の長所を取り入れるべきだ」との意見に反対意見が続出したため免官され、宮内省歌道文学御用掛となる。
• Facing a wave of dissenting opinions against his suggestion that 'Merits of foreign countries should be introduced,' he was removed from the Ministry of Religion and was appointed as an official in charge of poetry and literature at the Imperial Household Ministry afterwards.

• 近藤道場で天然理心流を学び、1863年1月に結成された浪士組にも参加を望むが、家族の反対があり、断念。
• He learned swordplay in Tennenrishin-ryu school at Kondo Dojo training hall, and he wanted to join Mibu-Roshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was established in January 1863, but he gave up because of his family's objection.

• このとき、かつての東叡山所化寮が勧学寮に合同されることになった件については、一部に根強い反対があった。
• Upon this occasion there was opposition on the matter of the incorporation of their own dormitory (at Toeizan) with that of Ryoo's new learning dormitories.

• 漱石最後の下宿の反対側には、ロンドン漱石記念館が恒松郁生によって昭和59年（1984年）に設立された。
• In 1984, the Soseki Museum in London was established by Ikuo TSUNEMATSU at the site opposite to the last boarding house where Soseki stayed.

• そしてようやく顧みられた時には、宗氏派遣に対する反対意見が出て、派遣は中止させられるに至ったのである。
• After a while the dispatch was canceled due to objections against the plan.

• その功により京都留守居役に任命されるが、武力討幕に反対して西郷隆盛らと対立し、維新後は不遇をかこった。
• Although he was appointed to Kyoto rusuiyaku (a person representing the master during his absence) with that achievement, he was in opposition to Takamori SAIGO and the others against overthrowing the Shogunate by military power so that he lamented his misfortune after Meiji Restoration.

• 上に挙げた死者の霊は両義的側面を持っていることが分かるが、怨霊と反対に祝い祀られているのが祖霊である。
• As can be seen from the above explanation the spirits of the deceased have some ambiguous aspects and in contrast to revengeful ghosts are the ancestral spirits which are honored.

• 欽明天皇が、仏教を信仰の可否について群臣に問うた時、物部尾輿と中臣鎌子ら（神道勢力）は仏教に反対した。
• When Emperor Kinmei asked retainers about the pros and cons of Buddhism, Shintoists such as MONONOBE no Okoshi and NAKATOMI no Kamako were against it.

• シベリア出兵を日本の領土的野心を猜疑され日露戦争の外債による国民生活の疲弊を再び起こす、と反対している。
• She was against the Siberian Intervention by stating that such an act would arouse suspicions that Japan had territorial ambitions, resulting in impoverishment of people's lives again caused by foreign loans in the Russo-Japanese War.

• 事実、板垣は総攻撃中止の決定に対して猛反対したが、パークスとのやりとりを聞くとあっさり引き下がっている。
• In fact, Itagaki furiously opposed the termination of the general attack upon Edo-jo Castle, but he simply accepted this result, after he was made aware of the incidence of the exchange with Parkes.

• 新都建設計画が準備不足により難航したため、反対意見も出されたが清盛に一蹴される（『玉葉』8月12日条）。
• The plans to build the new capital faced difficult times because of insufficient preparation, and this caused opposing opinions to be voiced; but, Kiyomori refused them flatly. (Source: Article for August 12 in 'Gyokuyo').

• しかしひとたび追諡がなされると、弘文天皇即位に反対するものは追諡した明治天皇の決定に反することになった。
• Once posthumous titles were given to emperors, however, the opponents to the enthronement of Emperor Kobun were doomed to be opponents to the judgment of Emperor Meiji.

• なお線路を敷設するのには、鉄道が当時の日本人にとっては未知のものであったことから、反対運動が多くあった。
• There were many campaigns against the railway construction since railway was unknown to the Japanese people in those days.

• だが、霊元上皇が院政を開始した事によりこれに反対する江戸幕府との確執が生まれ、幕府と上皇の対立が始まる。
• However, the Retired Emperor Reigen began his rule, so a discord with the opposing Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) broke out, which heralded a conflict between the bakufu and the retired emperor.

• また、ホームのすぐ出町柳駅側に構内踏切扱いの第4種踏切があり、府道とは反対側の集落へと行くことができる。
• There is a level crossing (Class 4) in the station just next to the platform on the Demachiyanagi Station side, which leads to the village on the opposite side of the prefectural route.

• 例えば真田信繁などが京都進撃を唱えても、大野治長などが頑強に反対し大坂城篭城に決するということもあった。
• For example, when Nobushige SANADA and so on proposed to march on to Kyoto, Harunaga ONO and so on, strongly opposed and finally it was decided to hole up in Osaka-jo Castle.

• また藩首脳部は、崋山ら反対派の慰撫の目的もあって、友信に前藩主の格式を与え、巣鴨に別邸を与えて優遇した。
• The top management of the domain also granted the status of former domain lord to Tomonobu and gave him preferential treatment by giving him a separate residence at Sugamo, partly for the purpose of soothing the opposition group, including Kazan.

• 安政5年（1858年）日米修好通商条約勅許に反対し、廷臣88人の列参に加わった（廷臣八十八卿列参事件）。
• In 1858, Kinakira opposed the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan and participated in Teishin Hachiju-hachi-kyo Ressan Jiken (the demo of eighty-eight retainers of imperial court).

• 安政5年（1858年）に通商条約勅許問題が起こると、88人の反対グループ（廷臣八十八卿）の一人となった。
• When an issue on the imperial sanction for the Treaty of commerce arose in 1858, he was against it as a member of the opposing group of 88 retainers (Teishin hachiju-hachi kyo [88 retainers of Imperial Court]).

• 政治上の主義若しくは施策を推進し、支持し、又はこれに反対する目的をもつて、次に掲げる行為の一をなすこと。
• With the intent to promote, support or oppose any political doctrine or policy, performing any of the following acts:

• 主室（座敷）の構成は、正面に床と違棚を設け、縁側寄りに付書院または平書院を設け、反対側に帳台構を造った。
• The main room (zashiki, a room or place floored with tatami mats) consisted of toko and chigaidana (set of staggered shelves) in front, tsukeshoin or hirashoin (one type of window used in a shoin style room) on the side of veranda, and chodaigamae (a built-in ornamental doorway found in the raised area of a formal style reception suite) on the opposite side.

• 989年（永祚 (日本)元年）延暦寺座主に就任しているが、これも山門派の反対にあい3ヶ月で辞任している。
• He was inaugurated as the chief priest of Enryaku-ji Temple in 989, but due to the objections of the Sanmon school, he again resigned three months after his inauguration.

• 長慶存命中から、松永久秀らによって足利義輝暗殺は計画されていたが、長慶はその計画に最後まで反対したという。
• Although the assassination of Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA was planned by Hisahide MATSUNAGA before his death, he continued resisting the plan to the end.

• このときの家督相続には吉良親実をはじめとして反対する者が少なくなかったが、元親はそれらを全て処断している。
• Starting with Chikazane KIRA, many people were against this succession to the position of the family head, but Motochika punished all of them.

• 織田信長が上洛した際も強硬姿勢を崩さず、豊臣秀吉の藤原氏への改姓の不可を論じその関白就任にも反対していた。
• He did not ease his hard-line stance when Nobunaga ODA went up to Kyoto, arguing against Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's changing the surname to FUJIWARA and disapproving Hideyoshi's assumption of the post of Kanpaku.

• 県令時代は、住民の反対を押し切り強引に土木工事を進める手法から、「土木県令」や「鬼県令」の俗称で呼ばれた。
• When he was at office of Kenrei (prefectural governor), he was called with a familiar name of 'Kenrei of public work' or 'Oni (ogre) Kenrei', as he aggressively pushed public works (engineering works) ahead over residents' opposition.

• 娘の鶴姫を嫁がせていた徳川御三家の紀州徳川家の徳川綱教が候補に上がったが徳川光圀が反対したという説もある。
• It is said that Tsunanori TOKUGAWA, who was married to Tsunayoshi's daughter, Tsuruhime, was nominated as the successor but Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA objected.

• これを基にした貨幣法の国会審議のなかで政府委員として田口卯吉など反対派への説得に努め同法の制定に貢献した。
• He participated in Diet deliberations for the currency law as a government delegate and made an effort to make the opposition group including Ukitchi TAGUCHI understand the system, and as a result, he contributed to the establishment of this law.

• 明治天皇の政治関与には強く反対し、元田永孚らが侍補制度を定めて天皇親政運動を行った折にはその阻止に動いた。
• Strongly opposing the political participation of Emperor Meiji, when Nagazane MOTODA established the Emperor assistant system to launch the Movement of Direct Rule by the Emperor he obstructed it.

• つねに姉の吉祥天と行動を共にするが、彼女の容姿は醜悪で性格は姉と正反対で、災いや不幸をもたらす神とされる。
• Though she always goes with her elder sister, Kisshoten, Kokuanten with her ugly appearance and opposite character to her elder sister was said to be a goddess who brought misfortune and unhappiness.

• この時期、豊臣秀吉は明が降伏したという報告を受け、反対に明の朝廷では日本が降伏したという報告を受けていた。
• During this period, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI received a report of the surrender of Ming and, to the contrary, the court of the Ming Dynasty received a report of the surrender of Japan.

• 反対に支配者側も惣村の了解が得られない限り、勝手に惣村への法令・規制を発布できない状況も生まれていた。
• Moreover, rulers could no longer issue a statute and regulation for a soson without consent.

• 宇治の八の宮の中君を、周囲の反対をおしきり妻にするがその異母妹浮舟にも関心を示し、薫の執心を知りながら奪う。
• He makes Uji no Hachi no Miya no Naka no kimi his wife, overcoming the opposition around him, but he also becomes interested in Ukifune, his younger sister by a different mother, and takes her away from Kaoru, knowing he loves her.

• また、東山天皇が成長すると、霊元上皇の院政を疎ましく考えるようになり、反対に基熙への依存を強めるようになる。
• Once Emperor Higashiyama grew up, he began to detest the Insei of the Retired Emperor Reigen, and became more dependent on Motohiro.

• 不比等の死後、首皇子が皇位に就くと、不比等の4人の男子（藤原四兄弟）と長屋王ら反対派の対立が深まっていった。
• When Obitono-oji succeeded to the throne after Fuhito's death, there arose a conflict between the four sons of Fuhito (four Fujiwara brothers) and their opponents led by Nagayao, which deepened as time progressed.

• なお、異学の禁に反対した儒者五名（亀田鵬斎、山本北山、冢田大峯、豊島豊洲、市川鶴鳴)を特に寛政の五鬼という。
• The five Confucians who opposed the Kansei Igaku no Kin (Bosai KAMEDA, Hokuzan YAMAMOTO, Taiho TSUKADA, Hoshu TOSHIMA, and Kakumei ICHIKAWA) were called Goki (five demons) of the Kansei era.

• 学生運動の経験もあり、安保反対・米軍撤退を主張しているが、既成の左翼の権力主義的な行動を激しく論難し続けた。
• While Oshima experienced campus activism, showing objections against a security alliance and insists on the withdrawal of U.S. troops, he strongly continues to criticize authoritarian activities of the conventional left wing.

• が、茂義は「人頭税を課すことは政治の要諦にあらず」と反対し、同年12月、請役就任1ヶ月にして請役を辞職する。
• However, Shigeyoshi opposed to this, saying 'to impose a poll tax is not the essence of politics' and resigned as the Ukeyaku in December only after one month from appointment.

• 天正18年（1590年）、豊臣秀吉の小田原の役の際には小田原城に籠もることに反対して大規模な野戦を主張した。
• In the Siege of Odawara by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in 1590, Ujikuni insisted large-scale open battle, opposing to keep to Odawara-jo Castle.

• 重臣の海北清綱、磯野員昌、遠藤直経はこれに反対したといい、信長への進軍は反信長の家臣達の暴走という説もある。
• It is said that senior vassals Kiyotsuna KAIHO, Kazumasa ISONO, and Naotsune ENDO were against this, and one theory claims that the military advance against Nobunaga was made by recalcitrant vassals who were against Nobunaga.

• 更に洋学者の間で高まりつつあった太陽暦導入に反対して、天保暦を改暦して太陰太陽暦の継続を図るように提案した。
• In addition, objecting the introduction of the solar calendar by the western scholars, he proposed to continue the use of the lumar-solar calendar by revising Tenpo reki (Tenpo calendar).

• 上記の展望台などにある「股のぞき台」の上に乗って、反対方向を向いて、股の間から天橋立をみるという方法である。
• People get on a platform for Mata-nozoki at the observatories in the places above, turn their back to Amanohashidate, and bend down and look from between their legs.

• 当初は『純粋経験と実在』という題名のもとに構想されていたが、出版社の弘道館が反対したため、この名に改題された。
• The book was first planned with the title 'Junsui Keiken to jitsuzai (Pure Experience and Realism),' but the publisher Kodokan opposed to the idea and the title was changed to 'Zen no Kenkyu (An Inquiry Into the Good).'

• しかし、参詣に反対する園城寺・興福寺・延暦寺では、僧徒の中に後白河・高倉の身柄を奪取しようとする動きがあった。
• However, in Onjo-ji Temple, Kofuku-ji Temple and Enryaku-ji Temple the priests, who opposed the pilgrimage, were fomenting a movement to seize Goshirakawa and Takakura.

• 鹿児島にいた西郷は、7月9日に朝廷に出す長州再征反対の建白を起草し、藩主名で幕府へ出兵を断る文書を提出させた。
• Saigo, who was in Kagoshima, drafted a petition against the punitive re-expedition to Choshu, and made them submit to the document on July 9, which stipulated that the lord of the domain can refuse to send soldiers.

• しかし、これに反対する木戸・大久保・大隈・大木らの参議が辞表を提出し、右大臣岩倉も辞意を表明する事態に至った。
• But, the councilors Kido, Okubo, Okuma and Oki who were against the decision submitted resignation, and the situation was result in the Udaijin Iwakura also announced the resignation.

• 義尚は本願寺や一揆勢をも討伐する意を示すが、六角氏討伐中という事で細川政元からも反対され、断念に追い込まれる。
• Yoshihisa showed his determination to subjugate Hongan-ji Temple and the forces of uprising as well, but he was forced to abandon it because Masamoto HOSOKAWA also disagreed with him for the reason that the suppression of the Rokkaku clan was ongoing.

• 尾崎行雄や徳川義親（松平慶永の子）らは最後まで治安維持法成立に反対したが、結局、治安維持法は成立してしまった。
• Although Yukio OZAKI, Yoshichika TOKUGAWA (a son of Yoshinaga TOKUGAWA) opposed the enactment of the Peace Preservation Law to the end, finally, the law was enacted.

• このため、9月3日に大阪市公会堂をはじめとする全国各地で講和条約反対と戦争継続を唱える集会が開かれたのである。
• Because of this, a rally took place in different places of the country such as the public hall in Osaka City on September 3, to stand against the peace treaty and call for continueing the war.

• 儒者たち保守層の反対上奏文もなりを潜めるようになり、逆に国際法の受容を求めるものが上奏されるようになっていく。
• The number of reports to the throne by the conservatives was decreased and the number of reports which looked for acceptation of international law was increased.

• これには剛毅など西欧化に対し強く反対していた保守勢力が、北京議定書によって一掃されたことも大きく影響している。
• The Boxer Protocol swept away the strong resistance of conservative factions including Gangyi, against Western European influence, which had a great influence on this.

• 積極的に戦っていたという話と、極力戦闘を避けて長州人を助けたというような話と、後世、正反対の証言が残っている。
• There were completely different stories, one that he fought actively and the other that he tried to avoid fighting and to help people of the Choshu clan.

• 上杉氏から織田氏への鞍替えには反対する傘下の国人衆も多く、頼綱はこれをことごとく攻め滅ぼすという政策を取った。
• Many powerful local lords under his umbrella opposed him, switching their allegiance from the Uesugi clan to the Oda clan, but Yoritsuna managed to attack and destroy every one of them.

• しかし九鬼は彼らと一線を画して文部省に残り、福澤の文明開化主義に反対する伝統主義的な教育政策の実施者となった。
• However, Kuki, holding the line against them, stayed in the Ministry of Education, and tried to implement the education policy based on the traditionalism which was against the Fukuzawa's idea of civilization and enlightenment.

• この禁酒運動は、明治27年、村に芸妓を置く計画に対し、反対運動を展開、豊科署に請願を提出し、廃娼運動も行った。
• This temperance movement also developed an opposition movement against the plan to staff geisha girls in the village, and submitted a petition to Toyoshina police station in 1894.

• しかし清朝の重臣李鴻章らの反対により調印には至らず、明治14年（1881年）1月には交渉を打ち切って帰国した。
• However due to opposition by Hung Chang LI, senior vassal in the Qing dynasty, the agreement was not sealed and Tamaki broke off the negotiations and returned to Japan in January 1881.

• また、同志社はキリスト教主義であるが、当時の京都ではキリスト教を排除する傾向にあり、住民の反対運動が相次いだ。
• As Doshisha was a school that believed in Christianity, opposition movements were vigorously organized by residents since the social environment in Kyoto was not in favor of Christianity at the time.
• Although the Doshisha was established based on Christian doctrine, Christians were being eliminated in Kyoto at the time, so there were continuous campaigns against the Doshisha by local residents.

• 鞍馬駅より石段下を通り鞍馬温泉方面への一方通行で、そこから鞍馬の民家の裏側を流れる川の反対側へ渡り、南へ下る。
• Visitors proceed from Kurama Station, pass the bottom of the stone steps, walk through a one-way street in the direction of Kurama hot spring, across the river running behind the houses at Kurama, and proceed south.

• 藤原氏の前身である「中臣氏」は神祇に関わり、仏教伝来に際しては中臣鎌子、中臣勝海らの強硬な反対者を出している。
• The Nakatomi clan from which the Fujiwara clan emerged had been involved in religious affairs and had produced strong opponents of Introduction of Buddhism, such as NAKATOMI no Kamako and NAKATOMI no Katsumi.

• しかし、浄土においては一切の衆生は平等であるという教えにより、一部で院号を用いる事に対し、反対する意見もある。
• Some opposes the use of Ingo based on the doctrine that all living things are equal in Jodo.

• 弾劾は木戸との全面衝突を望まない西郷や大久保の反対で否決されたものの新政府は西郷派と木戸派に分裂しつつあった。
• Although the above impeachment was denied by Saigo and Okubo who didn't want to clash with Kido, the new government was on the verge of being split into the Saigo group and Kido group.

• これによって座の特定は否認されたが、反対に領主と結びついた特定の御用商人による支配が確立するきっかけとなった。
• As a result of this, privileges of za were denied, but this triggered the establishment of the control of specific goyo-shonin (chartered merchants) tied to feudal lords.

• この時期の鉱毒反対運動は、最大の被害地、毛里田村期成同盟会（のちの毛里田地区期成同盟会）が活動の中心となった。
• In this period, the movement was led mainly by the Morita Village Association (later changed its name to the Morita Area Association) which had been formed by the residents of the most damaged area.

• なお、藤原実頼の反対で平将門の乱鎮圧の恩賞が得られず、忠文の没後実頼の子孫にたたったという言い伝えが残っている。
• According to a story, Tadabumi, who had not been rewarded for subduing the TAIRA no Masakado's War due to opposition from FUJIWARA no Saneyori, cursed Saneyori's descendants after he died.

• 1931年には婦人参政権を条件付で認める法案が衆議院を通過するが、貴族院 (日本)の猛反対で廃案に追い込まれた。
• The House of Representatives provisionally passed a bill to enfranchise women in 1931, but it was defeated due to fierce opposition in the House of Peers (of Japan).

• その場合、位階相当よりも高い官職にある場合には「行」、反対に位階相当より低い官職にある場合には「守」と呼称した。
• In these cases, it was called 'Gyo' when an official had the government post higher than the equivalent Ikai and 'Shu' with the government post lower than the equivalent Ikai.

• 天下統一後、秀吉が朝鮮出兵(文禄・慶長の役)を企むと、大切な通商国と戦争するという利害からこれに強硬に反対した。
• After the unification of the country, Hideyoshi attempted to dispatch troops to Korea (the Bunroku-Keicho War); however, Soshitsu strongly opposed that Japan should not battle against Korea which was an important trading partner.

• 白河天皇も一時迷うが、院庁別当・源俊明の反対でその望みは斥けられ、忠実は辛くも摂関の地位を保持することができた。
• For a time Emperor Shirakawa also lost his focus; however, due to opposition of MINAMOTO no Toshiaki, who was the Incho Betto (the head of the Imperial agency), the ambitions were thwarted, and while also severe on Tadazane, the position of Regent was able to be preserved.

• また、鞍馬駅方面から宝ヶ池駅で乗り換えて八瀬比叡山口駅方面に乗り換えた場合や、その反対の場合も区数が1つ増える。
• An additional section is counted when boarding the train at Kurama Station to change at Takaragaike Station for Yase-Hieizanguchi Station, or in the opposite case.

• そのため、下級藩士を母体とする金鉄党などの養子反対派が、尾張支藩の高須藩出身である慶勝の藩主就任を渇望していた。
• Thererore, the party against the system of an adopted child such as Kintetsu-to party formed by the nucleus of the lower ranked feudal retainers had a great desire that Yoshikatsu from the Takasu Domain, a branch domain of Owari assumed the lord of the domain.

• 尊氏の周旋によって和議を結んだものの、直義を出家させて引退へと追い込み、幕府内における直義ら反対勢力を一掃した。
• Despite Takauji's attempts to create peace between Moronao and Tadayoshi, Moronao managed to wipe out opposing forces of Tadayoshi's in the bakufu, leading Tadayoshi to retire from politics and become a monk.

• 1858年（安政5年）の日米修好通商条約締結の際は養父・為量と共に勅許に反対して廷臣八十八卿列参事件にかかわる。
• At the time of conclusion of Treaty of amity and commerce between the United States and Japan in 1858, he was against the imperial sanction and involved in the Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court with his adoptive father Tamekazu.

• 前項の規定により反対しようとする特定約束手形の所持人は、その特定約束手形を特定目的会社に提示しなければならない。
• A holder of a Specified Promissory Note who intends to dissent pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall present his/her Specified Promissory Note to the Specific Purpose Company.

• 1160年（永暦元年）以降、醍醐寺座主に3度任じられたが、一時期同門の乗海の反対により高野山へ逃れた時期もある。
• He was appointed zasu (head priest) of Daigo-ji Temple on three occasions since 1160 but there was a brief period during which opposition from Jokai led to him leaving for Mt. Koya.

• 同じ射距離で同じ弓・矢・カケを用いているにも関わらず、極論全く正反対の技術であっても現在のところは通用している。
• As an extreme example, it's considered acceptable for now, when the same bow, arrow and Kyudo gloves are used at the same shooting range, but the techniques are completely opposite.

• これに反対していた後白河上皇が1192年に死去すると、源頼朝は武家政権の始祖として武士に神聖視されることとなる。
• After Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa, who had opposed this, died in 1192, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo came to be deified by samurai as the originator of a samurai government.

• 反対に下位の者は地下百姓に転落していくなど、所従・下人身分までを巻き込んだ荘民身分の再編成が始まるようになった。
• On the other hand, the people who belonged to the lower-class fell to the even lower status of jigebyakusho, and there began, involving even the class of shoju and genin, the process of the reorganization of the class structure in the shomin populace.

• 他の反対意見には、メロディが稚拙で、盛り上がりがなく歌いづらいなどといった純粋に音楽的点を取り上げたものがある。
• There is another opposing opinion that takes up a purely music-related point of view, such as the melody is primitive, and has no exciting elements and therefore it is difficult to sing, etc.

• （地租改正反対一揆）これをうけて政府は、1月に、地租を100分の3から100分の2.5に減額することを決定した。
• (Peasant revolts against the land-tax reform) In response to these revolts, the governments decided to lower the land-tax rate from 3 percent to 2.5 percent.

• 昭和12年（1937年）、組閣大命を受けた宇垣一成の組閣が軍部の反対により失敗すると、西園寺は元老辞退を申し出た。
• In 1937, Saionji asked permission to resign from his position as a Genro when Kazushige UGAKI, who received an order to form a cabinet, failed because of resistance from the military.

• 29日、新徳寺に同志を集め攘夷の決行のため江戸帰還を宣言すると、芹沢と近藤はこれに反対し、京都残留を申し出て脱退。
• On the 29th, when KIYOKAWA summoned his comrades and announced a return to Edo in order to carry out Joi SERIZAWA and KONDO objected against this; they requested to remain in Kyoto and left the Roshigumi.

• 安政5年（1858年）に幕府とアメリカの間で調印された条約勅許（日米修好通商条約）に反対した廷臣八十八卿の指導者。
• He was the leader of Eishin hachiju-hachi kyo (the eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court) who opposed the Emperor's authorization to the agreement (The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan) concluded in 1858.

• これに対し3日後10月27日の就任式当日、内務大臣板垣退助が反対意見を上奏、翌日板垣ら旧自由党派三大臣が辞任した。
• On the other hand, three days later, October 27 the day of the inauguration ceremony, the Minister of Home Affairs Taisuke ITAGAKI reported his objection to the throne, and three ministers of the former Liberal Party including ITAGAKI resigned on the following day.

• 以後、反対闘争は自由民権運動以後の「地租軽減運動」や初期帝国議会における「民力休養」論などに舞台を移すことになる。
• After this, the conflicts were taken over to 'the movement for land-tax reduction' following Jiyu Minken Undo and the theory for 'the reduction of people's tax burden' seen at an early stage of the Imperial Diet.

• 婚姻により夫が女戸主の家に入る（入夫婚姻）際、当事者の反対意志表示が無い限り入夫が戸主となった（旧民法736条）。
• In case of marriage that husband will be a member of a family which has female head of a family (Nyufu marriage), if no party dissent, a husband became a head of a family (the Old Civil Codes, Article 736).

• マスコミ報道では「値上げ」だけが強調されたが、午後11時以降に乗車する利用では反対に僅かながら値下げとなっている。
• Although media reports solely emphasized the raise in the fare, passengers who use the taxis after 11:00 p.m. are supposed to enjoy the benefits of a slight reduction in fare.

• 改札口は単式の京都方面行ホームの浜大津寄りにあり、反対側にある島式の浜大津方面行ホームへは構内踏切で連絡している。
• The ticket gate is located on the Hamaotsu side of the platform serving only one track, which is for trains bound for Kyoto; however, a railroad crossing has been provided within the premises to make a connection with the island platform, which is located on the other side and used for trains bound for Hamaotsu.

• が、ホイットニーは、簡略化した英語に否定的な見解を示した上で、日本語のローマ字化を除いては日本語の廃止に反対した。
• However, Whitiney opposed to the abolition of Japanese except the case of using Roman characters in writing, expressing a negative opinion on the use of simplified English.

• 安政5年（1858年）、幕府が朝廷に対して通商条約締結の勅許を求めた際、廷臣八十八卿の一人として反対論を展開した。
• When the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) required an imperial sanction for the conclusion of the Treaty of commerce of the Imperial Court in 1858, he opposed against it as one of the Teishin hachiju-hachi kyo (eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court).

• 反対尋問は、主尋問に現われた事項及びこれに関連する事項並びに証人の供述の証明力を争うために必要な事項について行う。
• Cross examination shall be conducted on matters mentioned in the direct examination, any matters relevant thereto, and on matters necessary for challenging the probative value of the witness's testimony.

• 宋 (南朝)の元嘉27年（450年）、第三代皇帝文帝劉義隆は劉康祖・沈慶之らの反対を押し切って北魏へと攻め込んだ。
• Under the Song (Southern Dynasty) in 450, Liu Yilong, the third-generation Emperor Wen, waged war on the Northern Wei Dynasty despite opposition from Liu Kangzu, Shen Qingzhi, and others.

• 賎民も平民に組み入れられたが、本来の平民からは反発する者が続出し岡山県では旧賎民の平民扱いに反対する一揆も起きた。
• As senmin were incorporated into heimin, some inherent heimin opposed this act, resulting in an ikki uprising in Okayama Prefecture to protest the treatment of the former senmin as heimin.

• この間に資直は六位から従三位に昇進しているが、この昇進に対し、理由は不明であるが他の公卿から激しい反対にあっている。
• During this time Sukenao was promoted from Rokui (Sixth Rank) to Jusani (Junior Third Rank), and other court nobles raised an objection to him about his promotion, although the reason is unknown.

• これに対し、第5回、第6回押出しが行われており、鉱毒反対運動の弱体化は、事件や裁判とは関係ないと考える研究者もいる。
• However, some researchers say the Kawamata Incident or the trials of the Kawamata Incident had nothing to do with weakening of the opposition movement because two demonstrations, the fifth and the sixth, were staged after that.

• 久安元年（1145年）に、父頼長より「忠経」の名を与えられるが、祖父藤原忠実の強硬な反対により翌日兼長と改められた。
• While he was once named as Tadatsune by his father Yorinaga in 1145, his name was changed to Kanenaga on the following day due to his grandfather Tadazane FUJIWARA's strong opposition.

• 「新体制が活発な革新意識に燃えるものであるなら、それと反対に古い文化財に対しては極度に保守的であつて欲しいと思ふ。」
• If the new establishment is fired with progressive consciousness, I wish it to be extremely conservative, on the contrary, with regard to the old cultural assets.'

• これに対して淳和天皇の皇后であった正子内親王が女性のための戒壇（尼戒壇）を作ろうとするが反対に遭って果たせなかった。
• Against this situation, Princess Shoshi, the empress of Emperor Junna, tried to make Kaidan (Ama Kaidan), the Buddhist ordination platform for women, but due to objections she could not.

• だが、それは前述のように反対の経路によって幕府側の要望を治天の君もしくは天皇へと伝達する役目を果たすことにもなった。
• It, conversely, also meant, as is mentioned above, to convey the bakufu's request to Chiten no kimi or Emperor through the opposite route.

• 戦国風流武士　前田慶次郎（小説、海音寺潮五郎）、秀吉の朝鮮出兵に反対する慶次郎の前に“同じ志を持つ者”と称して現れる。
• Sengoku Furyu Bushi: MAEDA Keijiro (novel by Chogoro KAIONJI), he appears before Keijiro, who opposes Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea, as someone with the same intent.

• 落葉の宮はこのまま山荘に残り出家したいと思ったが、父朱雀帝の反対にあい、夕霧によって強引に本邸の一条宮に連れ戻された。
• Although Ochiba no Miya hopes to stay at the villa and become a priest, her father Emperor Suzaku disagrees with her and sends Yugiri to take her back to the principal residence at Ichijo Palace.

• 安政5年（1858年）の日米修好通商条約勅許を求める幕府案に反対し、廷臣88人の列参に加わる（廷臣八十八卿列参事件）。
• Against a shogunal plan of claiming imperial sanction to the signing of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan that was to be signed in 1858, Takanaka participated in a sit-in protest staged by 88 courtiers (which is called the 'Teishin hachijuhachi kyo ressan jiken' incident in Japanese.)

• 本来は皇居内に立てる案もあった西郷像は、西南戦争で朝敵となったことで反対する意見も根強かったという経緯も無視できない。
• Originally it was planned to build Saigo's statue inside the Imperial Palace, but they could not ignore all the opposing opinions arising from his having been a Choteki (for having turned on the Imperial Court) in the Seinan War.

• 内務大臣 (日本)に就任した原敬は衆議院議員選挙に小選挙区制を導入しようとするが、貴族院_(日本)の反対で否決された。
• Takashi HARA who took office as the Minister of Home Affairs sought to introduce a single-member constituency system to the election of members of the House of Representatives, but it was rejected due to the oppose of the House of Peers of Japan.

• 郡の分置廃合への反対が強かったため、全府県に郡制が施行されたのは1899年（明治32年）に郡制が改正されてからである。
• As there had been a strong opposition against separation, installation, abolition and amalgamation of Gun, it was not until 1899 when Gunsei was revised so that Gunsei became effective in all the prefectures.

• 一般に名君と評価される上杉鷹山も、一時は改革に反対する老臣から押込を受ける寸前まで追い込まれた事件もある（七家騒動）。
• Yozan UESUGI, who is generally seen as a wise ruler, was once being driven to the brink of oshikome by his vassals who opposed to his reform (Shichike Disturbance).

• 明治政府に反対する勢力がナショナリズムの元に党派を超えて大衆を結集させて政府を攻撃する際のスローガンとして活用された。
• The opposition forces against the Meiji government used the ideas of Taigaiko as the slogan when they organized people across parties in the name of nationalism and attacked the government.

• これが災いし、井伊が反対派に対する弾圧である安政の大獄をはじめると隠居謹慎を命じられ、弟の徳川茂徳が15代藩主となる。
• Because of this, when Ii started Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) to oppress the counterforce, he was ordered the abdication of the headship of the family and suspension from the office and then his younger brother Mochinaga TOKUGAWA became the 15th lord of the domain.

• 師直は直義と性格的に正反対だったこともあって直義との対立が次第に深まっていき、幕府を二分する権力闘争へと発展していく。
• The conflict arose from the opposite personalities of Moronao and Tadayoshi, with strife over authority dividing the bakufu into two groups.

• これに対して、幕閣の間では「鍋松君は幼少であり、もし継嗣無く亡くなられたらどうするおつもりか」という反対意見もあった。
• On the other hand, there were some cabinet officials of the Shogunate who were against this, claiming 'Nabematsu is still young and what will happen if he dies without the heir?'

• 諸藩の藩校でもこれにならうものも出、朱子学に反対する学問を唱えていた儒者は生徒が少なくなり困窮したものもあったという。
• Some domain schools followed these examples, and as a result, some Confucians who had taught different leanings opposed to Neo-Confucianism lost many of their students and fell into great difficulty.

• 天王寺別当・園城寺長吏を歴任、1105年（長治2年）天台座主に任じられるが、延暦寺の反対により翌日辞任に追い込まれた。
• He was successively appointed betto (administrator) of Tenno-ji Temple and chori (chief priest) of Onjo-ji Temple as well as Tendai Zasu (head priest of the Tendai Sect) in 1105 but was forced to resign on the following day by opposition from Enryaku-ji Temple.

• 当該不服申立てに係る開示決定等について反対意見書を提出した第三者（当該第三者が不服申立人又は参加人である場合を除く。）
• A Third Party who has submitted a Written Opposition Opinion regarding the Disclosure Decision, etc. that is pertaining to the appeal (excluding the cases in which the Third Party is the appellant or an intervenor)
• A Third Party who has submitted a Written Opposition Opinion regarding the Disclosure Decision, etc. that is pertaining to the objection (excluding the cases in which the Third Party is the objector or an intervenor.).

• 床の間は、床を単独で配置するだけではなく、書院造の伝統を受け継ぎ廊下（採光）側に付書院、反対側に脇棚を備える事が多い。
• In tokonoma, toko is not only placed alone, but also frequently accompanied by tsukeshoin (a built-in table) at the corridor (daylighting) side, and by wakidana (shelves next to tokonoma) at the opposite side, in accordance with the tradition of Shoin-zukuri style.

• また張之洞は康有為の学説に反対して『勧学篇』を著し、西学を導入しつつ体制教学としての儒教の形を守ることを主張している。
• Additionally, Cho Shido opposed the theory of Ko Yui (Kang Youwei) and wrote 'Kangakuhen,' preaching to maintain the form of Ju-kyo as the system teaching and learning while adopting Western culture.

• 前条ただし書の規定は、無償で子に財産を与える第三者が反対の意思を表示したときは、その財産については、これを適用しない。
• If a third party who has granted property to a child gratuitously indicates a contrary intention, the provision of the proviso to the preceding Article shall not apply to that property.

• 1766年（明和3年）11月18日 - 腰越村と西で接している片瀬村の村役人が、炮術調練場の延伸に反対する訴状を提出。
• On November 18, 1766, the village official of Katase Village, bordered on the west by Koshigoe Village, submitted a petition opposing the extension of the shooting practice field.

• 次の第1次桂内閣で妥協と反対の両政策を取り、1902年の第7回衆議院議員総選挙では190議席を獲得して過半数を制する。
• During the First Katsura Cabinet, which was formed after Ito's, Ito took both compromising and opposing policies toward the Cabinet and in 1902, the Seiyu Party occupied 190 seats and got a majority in the seventh general election of members of the House of Representatives.

• 朝廷は大仏が支えを失い崩れることを懸念して反対していたが、重源は、実際に修理にあたる立場を利用して実力行使したのである。
• Concerned that the Great Buddha might collapse by losing its support, the Imperial Court opposed the removal, but Chogen resorted to force, using his position to take the lead in the repair work.

• 移転の際に住民から反対運動が起こったので、福澤は次男福澤捨次郎の新居を伝研の隣りに作って、伝研が危険でないことを示した。
• While the project of moving Denken to Atago-cho was proceeding, the residents launched a campaign against Denken; to prove that Denken was safe, Yukichi built a new house for his second son Sutejiro next to the site for Denken.

• その後、持氏は岩松氏や佐竹氏（山入氏系）などの氏憲の残党狩りや京都扶持衆の大名など関東における反対勢力の粛清などを行う。
• After that Mochiuji hunted the remaining attendants of Ujinori, including the Iwamatsu clan and the Satake clan (originating from the Yamairi clan), and purged the opponents in Kanto region including territorial lords belonging to Kyoto fuchishu (samurai in Kanto and Tohoku regions who were direct vassals of Shogun).

• それに対して、西上州を中心とする農民が反対一揆・打ちこわしを起こし、居城高崎城を攻撃するという前代未聞の事態に発展した。
• In response, peasants in West Joshu and other areas revolted and did Uchikowashi (an act where people destroyed residences of privileged merchants or officials who were involved in misgovernment) against it; they even took the unprecedented step of attacking Takasaki-jo Castle where he resided.

• 政子はこれに反対して取り分を多くし、弟たちを統制させようとしたが、泰時は「自分は執権の身ですから」として辞退したという。
• Masako objected to the distribution and tried to increase Yasutoki's share and made him to control his younger brothers, but Yasutoki declined her objection, saying, 'I am the regent.'

• 当初はこれに反対した勝家であったが、盛政の強い要望により妥協し、「砦を落としたらすぐ戻ること」という条件つきで承諾した。
• Katsuie opposed the proposal first, but finally agreed at a strong request by Morimasa on the condition that 'the Morimasa's army should be back as soon as destroying the fort'.

• 黒田は、事業には私利で動かない官吏出身者をあてるべきだとして優遇を弁護したが、払い下げの規則を作った大隈重信が反対した。
• Kuroda insisted that the special offer should be allowed to the business set up by the former officials who would not act from self-interest, but it was opposed by Shigenobu OKUMA who had established the regulations on sale of public properties.

• 途中、重臣・弘中隆包の反対にも関わらず、交通と経済の要衝である厳島に築かれた毛利氏の宮尾城を攻略すべく、厳島に上陸した。
• Despite the objection of Takakane HIROKAWA, his senior vassal, he stopped by Itsukushima Island to pillage the Mori clan's Miyao Castle which was built on the island located at the confluence of commerce and economy.

• 安政の大獄を行なって反対派を処罰したが大獄に対する反発から桜田門外において水戸藩脱藩藩士らに暗殺された（桜田門外の変）。
• He took initiative in Ansei no Taigoku (the suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) and was assassinated outside the Sakuradamon Gate by a feudal retainer of the Mito Domain (the Sakuradamongai Incident), who then left the domain in opposition of Ansei no Taigoku.

• 十三本の糸には名称があり、演奏する側の反対側から一、二、三、四と数え、十以降の糸は斗（と）、為（い）、巾（きん）と呼ぶ。
• Each 13 ito has a name; namely, starting from the opposite side of player, ito is counted 'ichi' (first), 'ni' (second), 'san' (third), 'shi' (fourth) and from the 10th ito, it is called 'to', 'i' and 'kin'.

• 北朝（朝廷）に設けられた役職の1つで将軍からの武家執奏を取次、反対に治天の君・天皇の意向を将軍に伝達する役目を果たした。
• And the other is that it is a post set in the Northern Court (the Imperial Court) that relayed the bukeshisso from the shogun and vice versa, played the role of conveying the intention of Chiten no kimi (the retired emperor in power) and the emperor to the shogun.

• 斡旋案に対し根来衆の間では賛否分かれたが、反対派は夜中に応其の宿舎に鉄砲を撃ちかけ、このため応其は急いで京都に向かった。
• Negoro shu brought on active debate over its pros and cons, but the opposing group shot down the lodgment of Ogo by gun during the night, and as a result, Ogo quickly went to Kyoto.

• 参議である板垣退助は閣議において居留民保護を理由に派兵を主張し、西郷隆盛は派兵に反対し、自身が大使として赴くと主張した。
• Sangi (the Councilor) Taisuke ITAGAKI insisted that Japan dispatch the military for protecting Japanese residents in Korea, whereas Takamori SAIGO opposed to send the military and insisted that he himself go to Korea as an ambassador.

• これに研究会と原内閣の連携に反対して離脱した無所属団を加えて「幸四派（さいわいよんぱ）・幸無三派/幸無四派」とも呼ばれた。
• It was also called 'Saiwai yonpa (four Saiwai groups), Saiwai musanpa/Saiwai muyonpa' including an independent group which opposed the coalition of Kenkyu-kai group and the Hara Cabinet and left them.

• 写真は突起をともなわない石鏃（無茎石鏃）であるが、矢の先端の反対側に突起（茎）をもつものもあり、これは有茎石鏃と呼ばれる。
• Picture shows a Sekizoku without a projection (Mukei Sekizoku), although there are Sekizoku that have a projection opposite the pointed top of an arrowhead and these are called Yukei Sekizoku (Sekizoku with projection).

• 洞院実世は偽りの投降と見抜き、降伏の受け入れに反対、むしろこの機会に直義を討伐して北朝側の戦力を削減させるべきと主張する。
• Predicting it was a false surrender, Saneyo TOIN opposed accepting Naoyoshi's offer of submission arguing that they should take that opportunity to put down Naoyoshi to reduce the Northern Court's war potential, instead.

• 「義朝が勲功に代えても父や弟たちを助けるだろう」と為義は希望を持つが、為朝は反対してあくまでの東国へ落ちることを主張する。
• Tameyoshi hoped that 'Yoshitomo will help his father and brothers even if it means forfeiting his distinguished service,' but Tametomo opposed this surrender plan, insisting instead that they fall back to the eastern provinces.

• こうした政治的変動の中で公純も命を狙われており、1863年には家臣・滋賀右馬允が公武合体に反対する浪士達に殺害されている。
• In such political change, Kinito was also plotted to assassinate and his retainer Umanojo SHIGA (滋賀右馬允) was killed by roshi (masterless samurai) who were against Kobu Gattai in 1863.

• 破産者の受けた反対給付によって生じた利益の全部が破産財団中に現存する場合　財団債権者としてその現存利益の返還を請求する権利
• Where the enrichment arising from the counter-performance received by the bankrupt actually exists in whole within the bankruptcy estate:　A right to claim, as a holder of claim on the estate, return of the actual enrichment

• 青木周蔵外相、井上馨などは消極的反対、逓信大臣・後藤象二郎などは「津田を拉致し拳銃で射殺することが善後策になる」と語った。
• The foreign minister, Shuzo AOKI and Kaoru INOUE moderately disagreed with the death penalty, but the communications minister, Shojiro GOTO said 'the best way to solve this problem is to abduct TSUDA and shoot him to death'.

• 装備の不安と天候がさらに悪化することを恐れ、駐屯地への一時帰営を協議したが下士官などの反対により、行軍を続行することになる。
• Returning to the post was discussed once due to concerns about equipment and deteriorating weather, however, they continued marching even as noncommissioned officers opposed it.

• 芹沢と近藤勇はこれに反対して芹沢と水戸系浪士5人と近藤の江戸・試衛館門人8人の合計13人が浪士組を脱退して京都残留を決める。
• SERIZAWA and Isami KONDO were opposed to this, and a total of thirteen people composed of Serizawa, five Roshi connected to the Mito clan, and eight guards of the Shieikan in Edo left the Roshigumi to stay in Kyoto.

• また、先に中止させた大隈による通貨改革の布告への反対を撤回したため、改めて4月29日をもって交付されることとなったのである。
• Also, because OKUBO withdrew his opposition to the currency reform declaration by OKUMA which he had canceled before, the reform was rescheduled to be issued on April 29.

• 佐渡奉行は治安が悪化するといって反対したが、半ば強引に押し切る形で無宿者が佐渡島に送られることになり、毎年数十人が送られた。
• The then-current commissioner of Sado opposed the plan, citing fears that public order would deteriorate, but proponents succeeded (not without forceful coercion) in ramming through their plan, and homeless people began to be sent to Sadoga-shima Island; thereafter, every year several dozen would be sent.

• 農業・漁業などに関しては、国が推し進める稲作減反に反対の姿勢を取り、独自の「京都食管」と呼ばれる価格保障制度や育成策をだす。
• Concerning agriculture and fishery, he opposed the rice acreage reduction promoted by the national government and worked out a unique price support system called 'Kyoto food control system' and an agriculture and fishery development plan.

• 11番線の反対側は線路・架線とも敷設されておらず、現在は使用していないが、羽越新幹線の乗り入れに対応したものと言われている。
• The other side of Platform 11 is currently unused, having neither tracks nor wiring installed, but it is said that this platform was constructed in anticipation of future use by Uetsu Shinkansen.

• 安政5年（1858年）幕府が朝廷に求めた日米修好通商条約への勅許を出すことに反対して廷臣八十八卿列参事件として列参に加わる。
• In 1858, he opposed the bakufu's submission of the imperial sanction to the Imperial Court for the Treaty of amity and commerce between the United states and Japan, and participated in the Demonstration of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court.

• 安政5年（1858年）には岩倉らとともに廷臣八十八卿列参事件として行動し、朝廷に列参して日米修好通商条約への勅許に反対した。
• In 1858, he took part in the Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court with IWAKURA and so on, and went to the Imperial Court to object to an Imperial sanction to the Treaty of amity and commerce between the United States and Japan.

• また、人々は家の鬼門の方角にモモの木を植えたり、鬼門とは反対の方角が申であることから、サルの像を鬼門避けとして祀ったりした。
• Furthermore, a peach tree was planted in the direction of the kimon or a monkey statue consecrated there as Kimon-sake (to guard against the kimon), since the opposite direction of the kimon is the Monkey (in Japanese 'saru' which is a homonym for the Japanese word 'expel').

• また、「凶のおみくじを利き腕と反対の手で結べば、困難な行いを達成つまり修行をしたことになり、凶が吉に転じる」という説もある。
• Furthermore, there is also a theory that if you tie a 'kyo' (bad luck) mikuji with the opposite hand to your better hand, then by achieving or performing such a difficult action you can turn bad luck to good.

• しかし、部落問題研究所の有力理事たち（奈良本辰也・林屋辰三郎・原田伴彦など）はこの処置に反対し、理事を辞任、研究所を去った。
• However, the leading directors of the Institute of Buraku Problem (Tatsuya NARAMOTO, Tatsusaburo HAYASHIYA, Tomohiko HARADA and others) were opposed to this action, resigned as directors and left the Institute.

• 日本教職員組合などの反対派は憲法が保障する思想・良心の自由に反するとして、旗の掲揚並びに「君が代」斉唱は行わないと主張した。
• Opposition factions such as Japan Teachers Union (Nikkyoso) asserted that they did not raise the flag and did not carry out chorus reading of 'Kimigayo' on the grounds that it was against freedom of thought and freedom of conscience guaranteed by the Constitution.

• 彼らは内地雑居への反対運動を通じて次第に連携を強め、1893年に安部井磐根・佐々友房・神鞭知常らによって大日本協会を結成した。
• They developed a strong partnership as they led the opposition movement against the government's policy of allowing non-Japanese to live anywhere in Japan, and Iwane ABEI, Tomofusa SASSA, Tomotsune KOMUCHI and some other activists formed the Dai Nihon Kyokai (Great Japan Association) in 1893.

• しかし既に大正末期より上記の淀より大久保・新田までの路線を運行していた京阪バス（当時の京阪自動車）がこの新路線に強く反対した。
• However, the plan for this new bus service was strongly opposed by Keihan Bus (then Keihan Jidosha) which had already been operating the above mentioned bus line from Yodo to Okubo and Shinden since the end of the Taisho Period.

• 帰国後、下関戦争では井上馨とともに和議に尽くし、元治の内乱では高杉晋作を支持しつつも、保守派との軍事衝突には最後まで反対した。
• After returning from the trip to the western countries, SUGI made efforts with Kaoru INOUE for peace negotiations of the Shimonoseki War, while he opposed to military clashes against the conservative parties, during the domestic conflict of the Genji period.

• 1077年（承暦元年）天台座主就任の勅許を受けたが、延暦寺門徒の反対により3日で辞任に追い込まれ、代わりに法勝寺別当となった。
• In 1077, he was appointed Tendai Zasu (head priest of the Tendai Sect) by imperial charter but was forced to resign after only three days in the face of opposition from the followers of Enryaku-ji Temple; being made betto (administrator) of Hossho-ji Temple instead.

• 1038年（長暦2年）天台座主に任じられると、円仁の門徒がそれに激しく反対し、翌1039年（長暦3年）関白藤原頼通に強訴した。
• When he was appointed as the head priest of Tendai Sect in 1038, believers of Ennin were furiously offended and petitioned directly to kanpaku (a chief advisor to the Emperor) FUJIWARA no Yorimichi in the following year, 1039.

• 吸収合併等をする場合には、反対株主は、存続株式会社等に対し、自己の有する株式を公正な価格で買い取ることを請求することができる。
• In cases of effecting an Absorption-type Merger, etc., dissenting shareholders may demand that the Surviving Stock Company, etc. purchase, at a fair price, the shares held by such shareholders.

• 前項の規定は、当事者が反対の意思を表示した場合には、適用しない。ただし、その意思表示は、善意の第三者に対抗することができない。
• The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply in cases where the parties have manifested their intention to the contrary; provided, however, that such manifestation of intention may not be asserted against a third party without knowledge.
• The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply in cases where the relevant party manifests his/her intention to the contrary; provided, however, that such manifestation of intention may not be asserted against a third party without knowledge.

• 毛里田地区の鉱毒反対運動は、どこからも主だった支援を受けず、農民の手弁当による活動であるところが他の同種の運動と大きく異なる。
• The opposition movements in Morita area were independent and not funded by anyone or anywhere, the peasants made their lunch packs and continued the activity which makes it different from any other movements.

• これ以降の時代は、国策である銅の増産に協力しない者は非国民であるという主張がされるようになり、鉱毒反対運動は一時下火になった。
• After that, people came to say that persons who did not cooperate with the copper production were betrayers of the country, because the increase production was demanded as a national policy, therefore the movement against the mining pollution temporarily subsided.

• 一方、中島総裁に反対する鳩山らは病床の鈴木前総裁を動かし、新たに久原房之助・三土忠造・芳澤謙吉の3人を総裁代行委員に任命した。
• Meanwhile, Hatoyama and others who opposed president Nakajima worked on the former president Suzuki, who was sick in bed at that time, and appointed three new members for the acting president committee: Fusanosuke KUHARA, Chuzo MITSUCHI, and Kenkichi YOSHIZAWA.

• 「本能寺の変」を知った吉川元春は和睦を反古にして秀吉軍を攻撃する事を主張したが、小早川隆景らの反対によって取り止めになっている。
• Motoharu KIKKAWA, who knew 'the incident at Honno-ji Temple' insisted to cancel peace and attack Hideyoshi's troops, but gave up because of an against from Takakage KOBAYAKWA and others.

• 弾はほとんどあたらず頭上を飛び越して、居留地の反対側にある旧幕府の兵庫運上所（神戸税関）の屋上に翻る列国の国旗を穴だらけにした。
• Most of the bullets passed over their heads instead of hitting them and made holes in foreign flags flying on the rooftop of Hyogo Unjo- sho (Kobe custom office) of the former bakufu located on the other side of the settlement.

• 時政は畠山父子を排斥すべく謀反人に仕立て上げたとされ、時政に畠山討伐を命じられた息子北条義時・北条時房は反対したが押し切られた。
• It is supposed that Tokimasa made the father and son of the Hatakeyama family culpable as traitors to get rid of them, and although his sons, Yoshitoki and Tokifusa HOJO were opposed to their father when Tokimasa ordered the subjugation of the Hatakeyama family, finally they followed his orders.

• しかし福知山藩の藩政においては最悪で、領民に重税を強いて、しかもそれを反対する領民を多数捕らえては、殺害するなどの悪政を敷いた。
• However, the han government of Fukuchiyama han was the worst, and heavily taxed people possessing estates, and carried out a misguided government of the people, killing and capturing all those who opposed him.

• 宝亀元年（770年）称徳天皇が皇嗣を定めないまま崩御した際、右大臣吉備真備らの反対をおして、兄藤原良継とともに、光仁天皇を擁立。
• After Emperor Shotoku passed away without selecting Crown Prince in 770, he worked together with his brother FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu to enthrone Emperor Konin by overcoming the opposition from parties including Udaijin (Minister of the Right) KIBI no Makibi.

• しかし、「同族である致頼と伊勢国における覇権を巡り、数度に渡って抗争を展開していた」ことを理由に左大臣藤原道長が強硬に反対する。
• However, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) FUJIWARA no Michinaga strongly opposed the recommendation because Korehira fought against Muneyori, who belonged to the same family as Korehira, over the hegemony in Ise Province several times over the years.

• 若くして藩主山内豊煕の御側物頭として仕えるが、おこぜ組に加わったことから1843年（天保14年）に反対派によって失脚させられる。
• He served Toyoteru YAMAUCHI, the lord of domain, as Monogashira (Military Commander) from a young age; however, because he joined Okozegumi (pro-reform group), he was ousted by his opponents in 1843.

• しかし上宮王家の後見人である境部摩理勢は、これに真っ向から反対し、山背大兄を推薦し、山背大兄も大王継承に積極的に名乗りをあげた。
• However, SAKAIBE no Marise raised objection to it as a guardian of Jogu Oke (the family of Shotoku Taishi) and supported Yamashiro no Oe no Okimi in coming forward aggressively.

• 裁判所が職権で証人を取り調べる場合において、裁判長又は陪席の裁判官が尋問した後、訴訟関係人が尋問するときは、反対尋問の例による。
• In cases where the court interviews a witness ex officio, when the persons concerned in the case examine the witness after the presiding judge or an associate judge has examined the witness, the rules on cross examination shall be observed.

• ダイダラボッチは「大人（おおひと）」を意味する「大太郎」に法師を付加した「大太郎法師」で、一寸法師の反対の意味であるとしている。
• He stated in the book that Daidarabocchi comes from 'Daitarohoshi,' which is the combination of 'Daitaro' (ohito or a giant) and hoshi (man), and Daidarabocchi is the counterpart of Issunboshi (The Inch-High Samurai).

• お笑いタレントの劇団ひとりは現在の芸名の前にカツカレーの名で活動していたが、事務所の人間の反対を受け、2週間のみの活動となった。
• Gekidan Hitori, a popular comedian, once called himself 'katsu-curry' at the beginning of his talent activities before he began to use his current name, but it lasted only for two weeks due to a strong oppsition from the people in his office.

• 仏教の摂取と流布に大いに貢献した蘇我氏とこれに反対する物部氏との対立（崇仏論争）はのちに蘇我馬子と物部守屋との間での戦乱を招く。
• A dispute over the adoption of Buddhism between the Soga clan, who had greatly contributed to dissemination of Buddhism in Japan, and their opponents, the Mononobe clan led to conflict between SOGA no Umako and MONONOBE no Moriya.

• 外祖父太政大臣（桐壺帝の右大臣）の死去も重なり、最後は母后の反対を押し切り源氏を召還、異母弟冷泉帝（実は源氏の子）に32歳で譲位。
• His maternal grandfather, Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state) (the Emperor Kiritsubo's Udaijin (Minister of the Right)) passed away, which also led him to call Genji back at last, overcoming the opposition of his mother, and at the age of 32, he abdicated the throne in favor of the Emperor Reizei, his younger brother by a different mother (in fact, he was Genji's son).

• その後は関東に自己の勢力を広げていくために実子を新しい鎌倉公方として下向させようとしたが、これは上杉氏の反対にあって頓挫している。
• Afterwards, Yoshinori attempted to expand his power throughout Kanto by having his own son made Kanto Kubo, but withdrew the plan in the face of opposition from the Uesugi Clan.

• 百姓等領民にとって転封は、領主の交替により、それまでに獲得してきた諸権利を否定される可能性もある為、反対一揆を起こすこともあった。
• For the people including peasants, Tenpo meant what the rights they had acquired before would be denied due to the changes of their feudal lords, so the people sometimes staged opposition uprisings.

• 成立から2ヶ月後に加藤高明外務大臣 (日本)が鉄道国有化に反対して辞任した。（ただし、実際には健康問題が絡んでいたとされている。）
• Two months after the establishment of the cabinet, Takaaki KATO, Minister of Foreign Affairs, resigned because he was against the nationalization of railways (in fact, however, he is said to have resigned due to his health problem).

• 安政5年（1858年）には日米修好通商条約の調印のための勅許を求めて老中堀田正睦が上洛すると、岩倉具視らと反対して謹慎させられる。
• When Roju (Shogun's Council of Elders) Masayoshi HOTTA visited Kyoto to ask for Imperial sanction to sign the Japan-US Treaty of Amity and Commerce in 1858, Shigetoku stood against the move together with Tomomi IWAKURA, but both were suspended because of the protest.

• 安政5年（1858年）、江戸幕府老中の堀田正睦が上洛して条約の勅許による許可を求めた際には、正親町三条実愛らと共にこれに反対した。
• When Masayoshi HOTTA, roju (member of a shogun's council of elders) of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), came up to Kyoto in 1858 and required the Imperial permission of the treaty in 1858, he opposed this with Sanenaru OGIMACHISANJO and others.

• ただし、明治天皇からの信頼は絶大であり、松方財政においても、閣僚や元勲の反対の中、天皇から財政委任の詔勅を得、財政をすすめている。
• However, he had gained considerable credibility with the Emperor Meiji, during the period of MATSUKATA finance, he received an imperial rescript entrusting financial affairs to him in the face of opposition from the cabinet members and genkun (the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration), and he moved forward with his financial policy.

• 天王山の横腹に大きなマンション群が林立し景観が一変することに反対する地元住民は山荘の価値を見直し、山荘と周囲の森林の保全を訴えた。
• Local residents opposed the plan, claiming large condominiums on the side of Mt. Tenno would harm the scenery, and demanded a reevaluation of the villa and the preservation of it and the surrounding forest.

• 第百五十四条第五項の規定により資産流動化計画の変更に反対する旨を特定目的会社に対し通知した特定社債権者が有する特定社債の額の合計額
• the total amount of Specified Equity held by Specified Equity Members who have notified the Specific Purpose Company of their dissent to the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan pursuant to Article 154(5);

• そして、親鸞は、人間とは因縁によって悪も善も行う者であるため、善行に励み悪を捨てよとも、その反対に悪に励めとも言わなかったとする。
• He explained that Shinran had never told people should do good things and throw away bad things, nor told people should do bad things, since people did both good and bad things due to each person's innen (destiny).

• しかし京都から都を移してしまうことには反対が多く、江戸城の開城もあり、江戸を東京とすることで落ちついた（→東京奠都の項目を参照）。
• This problem was finally settled by changing Edo to Tokyo as the eastern capital, because many people were opposed to transferring the capital from Kyoto, and around this time, Edo-jo Castle capitulated (refer to the article 'Tokyo Tento' (transfer of the national capital to Tokyo)).

• 立憲問題では初めは制定に反対であったが、自由民権運動の高まりや井上毅の具申を受けて方針をかえ、大日本帝国憲法の制定に向けて尽力した。
• Although he originally opposed the idea of a constitution, he changed his policy in response to the growing movement for civic rights and freedom and also to the opinion of Kowashi INOUE. He also devoted himself to the establishment of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.

• 土井家は河内、摂津の農民に借金があり、農民達は上知と同時に借金が踏み倒されるのではと恐れ、土井家に繰り返し上知反対の強訴が発生した。
• The DOI family had borrowed money from farmers in the provinces of Kawachi and Settsu, and the farmers, fearing that the family might repudiate its debt at the time of confiscation of territories, repeatedly petitioned the DOI family directly for opposition to the confiscation.

• この時、法皇は忠実の叔父・藤原家忠を関白にするつもりだったが、藤原顕隆の反対により翌保安2年（1121年）長男藤原忠通が関白となる。
• At that time, the Cloistered Emperor intended to make Tadazane's uncle, FUJIWARA no Ietada, his Kampaku, but due to opposition by FUJIWARA no Akitaka, in 1121 his eldest son FUJIWARA no Tadamichi became Kampaku.

• しかしながら、オイルショックの影響や、用地取得の困難、沿線自治体の建設反対運動が激しかったこともあり、1983年に工事は中止された。
• However, the work was stopped in 1983, due to the so-called oil-shock, difficulties in obtaining necessary land and strong protests against its construction by autonomous bodies along the line.

• また近年、その皇太子については山部親王（のちの桓武天皇）を推した良継らの反対を押し切って、他戸親王を立てたという説が唱えられている。
• Moreover, in recent years, there is a theory that says the Crown Prince overcame the opposition of Yoshitsugu and others who supported Imperial Prince Yamanobe (later Emperor Kammu) and enthroned Imperial Prince Osabe.

• 僧堂は禅宗では七堂伽藍の1つに数えられ、直線上に並んだ山門・仏殿・法堂を挟んで庫裏の反対側、山門から仏殿に向かって左側に設置される。
• The so-do hall is one of the seven principal buildings considered necessary for a Zen Buddhist temple, and it is situated opposite the kuri (monks' living quarters) with the straight line consisting of the sanmon gate, butsuden (main hall) and hodo (lecture hall) between them, on the left when the butsuden is observed from the sanmon gate.

• 特定短期社債権者が第一項の規定により定められた期間内に反対する旨を通知しなかったときは、資産流動化計画の変更を承認したものとみなす。
• When a Specified Short-Term Bondholdler fails to give notice of his/her dissent within the period fixed under the provisions of paragraph (1), he/she shall be deemed to have assented to the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan.

• 再生債務者の受けた反対給付によって生じた利益の全部が再生債務者財産中に現存する場合　共益債権者としてその現存利益の返還を請求する権利
• Where the enrichment arising from the counter-performance received by the rehabilitation debtor actually exists in whole within the rehabilitation debtor's assets:　A right to claim, as a holder of common benefit claim, return of the actual enrichment

• このため領民に重税を敷いたが、第10代藩主・織田秀綿の代である明和6年（1769年）1月には百姓が重税に反対して強訴を起こすに至った。
• For this reason, the farmers of the domain were levied heavily, leading the farmers petitioning the shogunate in February 1769 against the tenth lord Hidetsura ODA.

• 台湾征討中止の噂に対する反対の建白書や佐賀の乱の処理を批判する建白書には杉村（寛）・島田・後に斬奸状を起草する陸義猶が名を連ねている。
• Those named in the petitions such as the one against the rumor to suspend the Taiwan conquest and the other criticizing the treatment of Saga War are as follows: Hiromasa SUGIMURA, Shimada, and Yoshinao KUGA, who drafted a zankanjo (a written vindication of an assassin's deed).

• 藩が自分の主張を受け入れないとみた覚林は京に赴き、閑院宮家を動かし、蚶満寺を祈祷所としてもらい、朝廷の権威を背景に反対運動を展開した。
• To see that the domain would not accept his claim, Kakurin went up to Kyoto and lobbied the Kaninnomiya family to get Kanman-ji Temple designated as an oratory, and promoted the opposition campaign backed by the authority of the Imperial Court.

• （志賀が足尾鉱毒事件の見学会に参加しようとしたところ、祖父がかつて古河市兵衛と足尾銅山を共同経営していたという理由から父に反対された）
• (SHIGA wanted to participate in the excursion tour of the Ashio Copper Mine Mineral Pollution Incident; however, his father opposed it because SHIGA's grandfather used to run the Ashio Copper Mine jointly with Ichibe FURUKAWA.)

• 頭が下がったときに、反対の掌で頭部を押さえ、回した腕をそのまま下、後ろ、上と動かし、腕を垂直に立て、肩関節を極めて、前方に崩し投げる。
• When the head is down, hold the head with the other palm; move the rotated arm down, back and up, lift the arm vertically and, fixing the shoulder joint, throw forward.

• ところが衆議院議長の大岡育造が議会の解散に猛反対したために解散させることができず、桂はひとまず、3日間の議会を停会を命じるだけであった。
• However, being met with strong opposition from Ikuzo OOKA, the chairman of the House of Representatives, KATSURA was not able to dissolve the Diet and all he was able to do was to order the suspension of the Diet for another three days.

• さらにこの憲政擁護運動は東京だけでは収まらず、関西などにおいても新聞社や議会の邸宅が襲われるなど、各地で桂内閣に反対する暴動が相次いだ。
• The Kensei Yogo Undo expanded from Tokyo to other parts of the nation including the Kansai area, where newspaper companies and houses of progovernment members of the Diet were also attacked, and developed into a series of anti-KATSURA cabinet riots all over the country.

• しかし、多くの場合領民への作物の強制的な生産割当や安価な価格による強制買上につながった事から、専売制に反対する一揆も各地で起こっている。
• However, in many cases, it led to compulsory allocation of crops production to the people of the domain and compulsory purchase by low price, so many uprisings against monopolization happened in various places.

• 幕府からの勅書返納命令に対し、水戸藩内は旧保守派を中心として返納する論（鎮派）と、旧改革派を中心とした反対論（激派）に分かれて対立する。
• Regarding the order by the bakufu to submit the chokusho, there arose a conflict within the Mito Domain between the conservatives (which was formed by the people in the previous conservatives), which wanted to submit the chokusho, and the extremists (which was formed by the people in the previous reformers), which did not want to submit it.

• こうした開国への政策転換に対し「衛正斥邪」思想を持つ保守官僚から激しい反発が起こり、 1882年には儒者たちによる反対運動も起きている。
• Against the change to the policy, conservative government officials, who believed the thoughts of 'Eisei Sekija' (put value on justness and reject evil and wrong way) triggered a backlash, and there was also an opposition movement by Confucian scholars in 1882.

• 管領の細川勝元や畠山持国らに反対され、6代将軍足利義教正室の日野重子が出奔する事件も起こるが、この政策には今参局が関わっていたとされる。
• Imamairi was opposed by kanrei (shogunal deputy) Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA and when Shigeko HINO, a legal wife of sixth Shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, ran away, Imamairi no tsubone was thought to have had a hand in these affairs.

• 相対式2面2線のプラットホームを持つ行違い可能な地上駅で、駅本屋側ホームが1番ホーム、跨線橋を渡って反対側のホームが、2番ホームである。
• It is an above-ground station with two platforms opposite each other and double tracks and at which trains can pass each other or pass others; Platform 1 is the one nearer the station structure, and Platform 2 is the opposite one crossing a passenger overpass.

• 反対側（車庫側）のホーム（1番線にあたる）は入出庫列車及び当駅始発列車が使用する（かつて急行があった時代は当駅で緩急接続を行っていた）。
• The track on the other side of the island platform (Platform 1) is used by trains to enter or exit from the depot and the trains starting at this station (but when express trains were operated on this line, passengers changed from a local train to an express train or vice versa at this station).

• 当時の首相伊藤博文は条例に反対であり、内務大臣 (日本)山縣有朋も消極的な態度であったものの、三島は条例を積極的に推進していたとされる。
• Prime Minister of the time, Hirobumi ITO was against the regulation and Minister of Home Affairs (Japan), Aritomo YAMAGATA was also taking passive stand, but Mishima actively promoted the regulation.

• しかし、親豊臣派であった小早川隆景らが反対したこともあり、また、義昭は勝家を支持したため、秀吉に接近しつつあった毛利氏との関係は冷却した。
• But his relationship with MORI worsened because Takakage KOBAYAKAWA, who was close to TOYOTOMI, opposed helping Yoshiaki and Yoshiaki's support for Katsuie was against MORI's approach to Hideyoshi.

• 陸奥は硬六派などを中心とした対外硬派の「条約励行運動」に反対して、漸進的な条約改正を目指して、まずイギリスとの間で治外法権の解消に努めた。
• Mutsu was against 'treaty enforcement movement' of the hard-line foreign policies faction centering on the hard-line six parties and others and worked to dissolve the extraterritoriality with the United Kingdom, aiming at incremental revision of treaties.

• 元八王寺村（現燕市）農民の無宿者、川崎九郎次らは、1872年（明治5年）3月頃より流域に分水工事反対の決起を呼び掛ける落し文を行っていた。
• Kuroji KAWASAKI, a homeless wanderer who had originally been a peasant in Hachioji Village (present-day Tsubame City), and others started distributing Otoshibumi (letters dropped in the road: fliers) in the watershed area from around March 1872 encouraging people to rally against the construction.

• 大隈は改正案に反対する右翼団体の団員から爆裂弾を投げつけられ右脚切断の重傷を負い、これが原因で黒田内閣は崩壊、改正交渉はまたしも挫折した。
• OKUMA was attacked with an explosive bomb by a member of the right-wing group who opposed to the revision plan and was seriously injured, losing his right leg, which led to the collapse of the KURODA Cabinet and ended the revision negotiation again.

• 貞顕の執権就任に反対した北条泰家は出家し、これにより貞顕暗殺の風聞まで立ったため、貞顕は同月26日に執権職を辞職し出家する（法名は崇顕）。
• Yasuie HOJO who was against appointment of Sadaaki to the regent became a priest, which caused hearsay of assassination of Sadaaki, so Sadaaki resigned regent on April 29 to become a priest (his homyo (a name given to a person who enters the Buddhist priesthood) was 崇顕.

• 駅西側、2番ホームに駅舎があり、反対側の1番ホームへは構内踏切を利用して渡る（2007年11月時点では、京都線内唯一の構内踏切でもある）。
• On the west side of the station, on Platform 2, the station building is constructed, and a yard crossing is used to go to Platform 1 (as of November 2007, this is the only yard crossing on the Kyoto Line).

• 老中として4人の将軍に仕えたが、側用人制度には内心反対し、ポスト徳川家継の後継争いの際、側用人の廃止を条件とし、徳川吉宗の擁立に尽力する。
• He served four shogun as roju but opposed sobayonin (lord chamberlain) policy within himself and made an effort to back up Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in exchange for a condition to abolish sabayonin at the time of succession quarrel after Ietsugu TOKUGWA.

• 用明天皇2年（587年）4月、天皇が病床で仏教に帰依する旨を詔し、群臣にこのことを協議するように命じた際にも、守屋と共に詔に反対している。
• When the ailing Emperor ordered his servants to discuss his becoming a devout believer in Buddhism in April 587, Moriya and Katsumi opposed it.

• 第百五十五条第四項の規定により資産流動化計画の変更に反対する旨を特定目的会社に対し通知した特定短期社債権者が有する特定短期社債の額の合計額
• the total amount of Specified Short-Term Bonds held by the Specified Short-Term Bondholders who have notified the Specific Purpose Company of their dissent to the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan pursuant to Article 155(4);

• これに対し、在寮生で構成する吉田寮自治会を中心に卒寮生も含めた廃寮反対運動が高まり、自主入寮選考の成功で寮生数は減少するどころか増加した。
• With the rise in the opposition movement against the above decision conducted by the council of Yoshida dormitory and the graduates, however, the number of dormitory residents increased, instead of decreased, thanks to the success of autonomous selection of residents.

• 『とりかへばや物語』が有名で、男女の性格が正反対の兄妹が、父によって男女入れ替えて育てられ、それぞれの人生を切りひらこうとする物語である。
• 'Torikaebaya Monogatari' (The Changelings) is a famous tale that depicts a brother and a sister who attempt to live through their lives; they were opposite in personality, and were treated and raised as the opposite gender by their father.

• 皇族を首相にして内外の危機を押さえようとする構想であったが、皇室に累を及ぼさぬようにということで木戸幸一内大臣の反対によりこの構想は潰れた。
• Although it was proposed as a means of averting crises at home and abroad by making a member of the Imperial family Prime Minister, the nomination was killed by Koichi KIDO, Minister of the Interior, who opposed it as he thought it might bring trouble to the Imperial family.

• なお、この条約の特異性から一部欧米列強から軍事同盟の密約の疑惑を持たれるなどしたことや、治外法権の存在などに対する反対論があり批准が遅れた。
• Because of the uniquness of this treaty, a part of the allied western powers had a suspicion that they made a secret agreement on the military alliance, or had an opposing argument on the exterritoriality, so the ratification was delayed.

• 明治政府の外交を柔弱と非難して、「条約励行・自主外交・対清強硬」を掲げて対等条約締結以外の一切の条約改正の拒否、内地雑居反対論などを掲げた。
• The Dai Nihon Kyokai condemned the Meiji government's diplomacy as weak-kneed, and under the slogans of 'the rigorous enforcement of the treaties,' 'an autonomous foreign policy,' and 'a hard-line stance against Qing,' it primarily advocated the refusal of all treaty revisions except for the conclusion of treaties on equal terms and opposition to mixed residence of foreigners and Japanese in Japan.

• 家茂を将軍とした井伊直弼は、徳川慶頼（田安徳川家当主）を形だけの将軍後見職に立てて、一橋派を初めとする反対派の粛清（安政の大獄）に乗り出す。
• Naosuke II who selected Iemochi as shogun assigned Yoshiyori TOKUGAWA (head of Tayasu-Tokugawa Family) as pro forma Shogun-kokenshoku (guardian) and purged the opposition faction including the Hitotsubashi family, which is called Ansei no Taigoku.

• 諏訪氏は武田と同盟関係であったが信玄の時代に滅ぼされ、母の諏訪御料人を側室に迎えることには武田家中でも根強い反対があったとも考えられている。
• The Suwa clan was in alliance with Takeda but it was destroyed in the days of Shingen, and there was supposedly a strong opposition among the Takeda family to receiving Goryonin SUWA, the mother of Katsuyori, as a concubine.

• だが、その事を倫子の生母でもある正室藤原穆子（三十六歌仙・藤原朝忠の娘で祖父は右大臣藤原定方）に相談したところ、彼女は夫の意見に猛反対した。
• When Masanobu consulted the matter with his legal wife, FUJIWARA no Bokushi (a daughter of FUJIWARA no Asatada, one of the thirty-six poetic sages; her grandfather was FUJIARA no Sadataka, udaijin), who was the real mother of Rinshi, however, she vigorously opposed her husband's opinion.

• 改正の条件に外国人の裁判官をおくという別の不平等をもってきたことが、国内の反対を受けたのである（辞職後2ヶ月間三条実美内大臣が首相を兼任）。
• During the negotiations, he accepted the appointment of foreign judges in Japan as a condition for revising the treaty, but it meant accepting another unequal article and was opposed by the Japanese public (after Kuroda resigned, Naidaijin [Minister of the Center] Sanetomi SANJO concurrently served as Prime Minister for two months).

• 第一次世界大戦時の物価高騰に伴うガス料金引き上げが大阪市の反対に遭い遂行できず、その後業績が悪化したことを理由に7月、同社社長を解任される。
• He was dismissed in July after operating results plummeted due to the company's price hike plan for the gas rates in order to cope with inflation after the First World War was denied by Osaka City.

• 同時代にはジャイナ教のマハヴィーラも悟りを得た存在としており、やはり階級制であるカーストに反対してこれを認めず、バラモン教から独立している。
• At the same time, Mahavira of Jainism was thought to have attained enlightenment and became independent of Brahmanism he was opposed to the caste system, a hierarchy, and shunned it.

• 吸収合併をする場合には、反対株主は、吸収合併存続株式会社商品取引所に対し、自己の有する株式を公正な価格で買い取ることを請求することができる。
• In the case of an Absorption-Type Merger, a Dissenting Shareholder may demand that the Incorporated Commodity Exchange Surviving an Absorption-Type Merger purchase such person's shares at a fair price.

• 債務の弁済は、第三者もすることができる。ただし、その債務の性質がこれを許さないとき、又は当事者が反対の意思を表示したときは、この限りでない。
• The performance of an obligation may be effected by a third party; provided, however, that, this shall not apply in cases where the nature of such obligation does not permit such performance or the parties have manifested their intention to the contrary.

• 反対の立場からは、歌詞は天皇崇拝の意味合いが強く（君＝天皇）、軍国主義を象徴しており、君主制ではない日本にはふさわしくないとする意見がある。
• From the opposing standpoints, there is the opinion that the words have too strong a shade of meaning of worshiping the emperor ('kimi' = the emperor) and it symbolizes militarism and, therefore, it is not fit to Japan which is not a monarchy.

• これに対して荘園領主もこれを受け入れて反対にこれを利用して彼らが本来耕していた耕作地（公領や他の荘園耕地）を自己に収めようとする者も現れた。
• Some shoen landowners accepted such people and used this to try and make the farm land (koryo and other shoen farm lands) that they farmed their own property.

• 後に朱雀帝は位を降りてから斎宮を妃にと望むが、母御息所の反対に遭い、その死後も源氏の意向により実現しなかった（「葵 (源氏物語)」「賢木」）。
• Later, Emperor Suzaku wanted to marry the saigu after his abdication, but her mother, Miyasudokoro opposed this and, even after her death, Genji prevented this from happening ('Aoi (Genji Monogatari),' 'Sakaki').

• 中世においては、君主の側からは「御代始の徳政」の形で行われ、反対に民衆の側からは徳政一揆などの示威行動によって徳政の実施を求める動きが生じた。
• During the Middle Ages, they were done in the form of 'tokusei (benevolent rule) of miyohajime' from the monarch to the people, and in the form of demonstrational actions from the people to the monarch such as the uprising of tokusei to demand the enforcement of tokusei.

• 幕府での位置づけが高まることから、第一次・第二次長州征伐への淀藩士派兵を決定するが、田辺権大夫の強硬な反対によって断念するという一幕があった。
• There was an event that he decided to dispatch troops of feudal retainers of Yodo Domain to the First and Second Conquests of Choshu because it would allow to improve his position in the bakufu, but he gave it up due to strong opposition from Gon no daibu TANABE.

• その不当性が認められない上、池田屋事件まで起こされた長州藩は、小五郎や周布政之助・高杉晋作たちの反対にもかかわらず、先発隊約三百名が率兵上洛。
• Protesting in vain against the coup and suffering the damage of the Ikedaya Incident, the Choshu clan dispatched a vanguard of some 300 soldiers to Kyoto, ignoring the objection of Kogoro, Masanosuke SUFU, and Shinsaku TAKASUGI.

• 父・レオナルドは牧師のほかイェール大学神学校の教師も勤め、南北戦争の時、いち早く奴隷制に反対する論陣を張るなど、人望が厚く地元の名士であった。
• Her father Leonard served as not only a clergyman but also a teacher at the divinity school of Yale University, and during the Civil War he took the initiative in supporting the campaign against slavery, therefore he was highly respected in the local.

• 証人の尋問を請求した者の相手方は、裁判長の許可を受けたときは、反対尋問の機会に、自己の主張を支持する新たな事項についても尋問することができる。
• The adverse party of the person who requested the examination of a witness may, on cross examination, also examine such a witness on a new matter that supports his/her allegations, with the permission of the presiding judge.

• 前項但書の場合にも、原判決をするについて反対意見を表示した裁判官が多数となるように構成された裁判所においては、同項の裁判をすることができない。
• Even in the case set forth in the proviso to the preceding paragraph, the judicial decision set forth in said paragraph may not be issued by a court when the majority of its judges expressed a dissenting opinion to the judgment rendered in prior instance.

• 一方、学生らの反対運動（後述）により吉田東寮は現在でも存続し、京大生とその家族など約180名が生活している（京都大学の定める定員は147名）。
• On the other hand, Yoshida East dormitory has continued to exist until the present thanks to the opposition movement conducted by the students of the time (to be mentioned later), and about 180 persons, including the students of Kyoto University as well as their families, are living in the dormitory (the predetermined number of personnel determined by Kyoto University is 147).

• 宝永年間や文化 (元号)年間に見られるように、酒屋たちが連帯して反対すると、幕府も一度出した法度でもあわててひっこめたりしているくらいである。
• The power was so great that, in the Hoei era (1704 - 1711) and in the Bunka era (1804 - 1818), the bakufu withdrew a law presented for approval, when the sakaya opposed it jointly.

• 当初、朝廷や幕府は祠堂銭を禁止する姿勢を取ったが、後には仏教保護の一環として反対に祠堂銭を徳政令の対象外とするなど、容認・保護の姿勢に転じた。
• The Imperial Court and the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) banned Shidosen at first, but later on accepted it, protecting Buddhism by exempting shidosen from Tokuseirei (ordering a return of sold land and a dissolution of debts).

• 後は明治天皇に上奏し勅裁を仰ぐのみであったが、この事態にどちらかと言えば反対派であった太政大臣の三条実美が10月17日に倒れ、人事不省に陥る。
• They only needed to report it to the Emperor Meiji and ask for the imperial decision, but the Dajodaijin (Grand Minister) Sanetomi SANJO who was more than likely on the opponent side was taken with illness on the October 17, lapsed into a coma.

• 原敬の暗殺後、急遽新総裁に迎えられた高橋是清を支持する横田千之助と、それに反対する床次竹二郎の2派に分裂、床次らは分離して政友本党を結成する。
• After Takashi HARA was assassinated, Korekiyo TAKAHASHI was hastily invited to be the new president, for which the party split into two factions; one supporting Takahashi led by Sennosuke YOKOTA, and the other which opposed led by Takejiro TOKONAMI that separated from the party and organized the Seiyu-hon Party.

• 朝廷側は平家が皇室の外戚である為、獄門にかける事を反対するが、義経と範頼は、これは自分達の宿意（父義朝の仇討ち）であると以下のように強硬に主張。
• The Imperial court was opposed to the public exhibition because the Taira family was their maternal relative, but Yoshitsune and Noriyori strongly insisted, saying as follows.

• しかし大坂遊学を諦めきれず、父の蔵書や家財道具を売り払って借金を完済した後、母以外の親類から反対されるもこれを押し切って再び大坂の適塾で学んだ。
• But he could not give up studying in Osaka; therefore, he paid the debts by selling off his father's collection of books and family's furniture and household goods, and went to Osaka to study at Tekijuku again against the opposition of his relatives except for his mother.

• こうした中で天皇も次第に伊藤の政策や方針を受け入れるようになり、以前は拒否反応を示していた宮中への欧米様式の儀礼導入にも反対しないようになった。
• Under such circumstance, the Emperor gradually accommodated Ito's policies and principles, for example, he no longer rejected the introduction of western protocols to the Imperial court which he would have shown negative response.

• これに対して時忠は、執政の室が乳母になるなど聞いたことがないと主張して強く反対した（『玉葉』12月30日条、基房の妻も2月には安徳乳母となる）。
• Tokitada opposed this attempt, insisting that he had never heard of any case where the wife of a regent became a wet nurse (Article for February 15 in 'Gyokuyo'; nonetheless, in March, the wife of Motofusa became a wet nurse of Antoku).

• 芹沢の思い人なのだからいっしょに葬ってはどうかという意見もあったが、近藤が局長の芹沢とお梅のような売女を合葬することはできないと強硬に反対した。
• There was a suggestion to bury her together with Serizawa because she was a special person to him, but Kondo strongly opposed saying that he could not bury Serizawa, who was the leader, with a prostitute like Oume.

• 翌文久3年（1863年）には上洛するが、京都では長州藩など尊皇攘夷派が強く、慶喜が尊攘派と妥協しようとすると反対して3月2日に総裁職を辞任する。
• Although he went up to Kyoto in 1863, he resigned as the president of political affairs on March 2nd when Yoshinobu tried to make a compromise with Sonno Joi ha (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) including the Choshu Domain, which had a strong influence in Kyoto.

• これに対して、白石は2案とも反対し、鍋松を継嗣として譜代の者がこれを補佐することを進言したので、家宣もその案を受け入れ、間もなく息を引き取った。
• But Hakuseki was opposed to both plans and advised him to name Nabematsu the heir and order fudai (hereditary vassals) to support him, and Ienobu acknowledged the plan and soon after breathed his last.

• 文字通り間口が小さな店が多く、飴などに代表される小間物（細かい、小さい物の事を指す。反対の言葉として荒物がある）を扱う事からもこの様に呼ばれる。
• As the name implies, these are small stalls that sell candy and other small items (collectively known as 'komamono,' or 'tiny things; the opposite is 'aramono').

• 子の義尚が延徳元年（1489年）に六角討伐の陣中で死去したため、やむなく政務の場に復帰することを決意するが、正室の日野富子が義政の復帰に反対した。
• He decided unwillingly to return to his administrative duties in 1489 when his son, Yoshihisa, died in the battle during the subjugation of Rokkaku, but his official wife, Tomiko HINO, opposed to his return.

• 為世の猛烈な反対にも拘らず、応長元年5月3日 (旧暦)（1311年5月21日）、為兼が単独で撰進すべき命が下ったのであった（『延慶両卿訴陳状』）。
• In spite of Tameyo's strong opposition, on May 21, 1311, it was ordered that Tamekane should compile the collection and present it alone ('Petition by Two Nobles of the Enkei Era').

• 孝明天皇は夙子の立后を望んだが、先ず准三宮に叙すべしという幕府の反対にあい、嘉永6年（1853年）5月7日 (旧暦)、夙子は正三位・准三宮に上る。
• Emperor Komei wanted Asako to become an empress, but he met Shogunate's opposition that maintained that she should first have the court rank of Jusangu, so on June 13, 1853, Asako was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and Jusangu.

• 高倉上皇や平家一門の反対もあったが、それを押し切っての遷都であり、約半年後の京都還都まで、清盛の福原別邸が天皇の内裏となり、「本皇居」と称された。
• The Retired Emperor Takakura or the Taira family opposed this, but in spite of the opposition, he forced the capital relocation and until the relocation to Kyoto after a half year, Kiyomori's Fukuhara villa was the dairi (Imperial Palace) and it was called 'honkokyo.'

• 一旦解体したはずの大同団結運動が今度は板垣退助を擁して再燃し、政府内からも山縣有朋や後藤象二郎、伊藤博文、井上馨らが妥協案に反対する意志を示した。
• The Great Merger Movement that had once fallen apart was rekindled, this time involving Taisuke ITAGAKI, and even the insiders of the government such as Aritomo YAMAGATA, Shojiro GOTO, Hirobumi ITO, Kaoru INOUE and so on showed their will against the compromise plan.

• プラットホーム形状と配置2面3線のJRプラットホームに加え、その単式ホーム反対側の綾部寄りを切り欠いた1面1線のKTR宮津線ホームを有する地上駅。
• Nishi-Maizuru Station is an aboveground station with one island platform and one single platform serving three tracks used by JR; in addition, a part of the opposite side of the single platform, which serves trains for Ayabe Station, has been cut away to create a single platform serving one track for the KTR Miyazu Line.

• ただし、その後にアメリカの鉄道王ハリマンが満洲における鉄道の共同経営を提案したのを首相や元老の反対を押し切って拒否した件については評価が分かれる。
• However his evaluation is divided as regards his act of rejecting a proposal from HARRIMAN, the railway magnate who offered the joint management of railway in Manchuria, despite opposition of Prime Minister and Genro (elder statesman).

• 葉室宗行から従四位下を譲られる程、親しかったが、承久の乱においては定高は兄・長房とともに後鳥羽上皇の挙兵に反対する立場に回り、宗行と運命を分けた。
• Sadataka was in so deep acquaintance with Muneyuki HAMURO that Muneyuki granted his position of Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) to Sadataka, but the two parted ways as Sadataka, together with his older brother Nagafusa, opposed to the Retired Emperor Gotoba raising an army in the occasion of Jokyu War.

• 後日、明治天皇自らが神戸港のロシア軍艦を訪問するとした際に、「拉致されてしまう」と進言する重臣達の反対を振り切って療養中のニコライを再び見舞った。
• Later, when Emperor Meiji visited a Russian warship in Kobe harbor, he paid a visit to Nicholas again, ignoring protests from some senior statesmen that he might be taken hostage.

• 信玄の嫡男で氏真の妹・嶺松院の夫である武田義信はこれに反対したが、信玄は永禄8年（1565年）に義信を反逆の罪で幽閉して廃嫡し、婚姻同盟を破棄した。
• Yoshinobu TAKEDA, who was a Shingen's heir as well as a husband of Ujizane's younger sister, Reisho-in, opposed this, but in 1565, Shingen incarcerated Yoshinobu for the crime of treason, disinherited him, and annulled the marriage alliance.

• 宝徳3年（1451年）にも尾張国守護代であった織田氏の内紛に介入したが、尾張守護である斯波氏の反対を受けて義政の意のままに動かすことはできなかった。
• Also, in 1451, he intervened in the internal dispute in the Oda clan who was the Shugodai of the Province of Owari, but again, he met opposition from the Owari Shugo Shiba clan and he was not able to exercise his influence the way he wanted.

• 明治23年（1890年）には井上毅らが作った「教育勅語」に反対し、明治天皇から教育勅語改定の許可を得るとともに「第二次教育勅語」の作成に取り組んだ。
• In 1890, he opposed the 'Education Ordinance' crafted by lawmakers including Tsuyoshi INOUE, and as soon as he obtained Emperor Meiji's permission to revise the Education Ordinance he worked on drafting 'The Second Education Ordinance.'

• これには、頻発した地震や反対勢力の抵抗などの原因が指摘されているが、わざわざ建設半ばの大仏までも捨ててしまうほどの、肝腎の主因はよく分かっていない。
• As its possible causes, earthquakes occurring frequently and resistance from the opposition power are pointed out, but the main cause that forced them to abandon even the Great Buddha under construction is not well known.

• また、高尾太夫を落籍するなど華美な遊興で知られた榊原政岑も処罰するなど、自らの方針に反対する者は親藩であろうと譜代の重鎮であろうと容赦はしなかった。
• Yoshimune was harsh on those who acted contrary to his policy, even though the person was his relative or a powerful fudai daimyo; another example is the punishment of Masamine SAKAKIBARA who was known for lavishly spending in pursuit of his pleasure such as redeeming Takao-dayu (courtesan).

• 庸之助は議会において住民の生活圏を無視して人為的に分割することを不合理性を追及して、陳情に訪れる香取郡の住民と連携して県境変更反対論を内外で唱えた。
• Yonosuke accused the unreasonableness of artificially dividing the living area of the residents without considering it in the Diet, and cooperated the residents of Katori County who came to make a petition to raise the opposing argument against changing the prefectural border inside and outside the Diet.

• 1858年、日米修好通商条約が起こると、条約勅許に反対したため、井伊直弼による安政の大獄で「悪謀企策の者」として逮捕され、謹慎50日間を命じられた。
• When Treaty of amity and commerce between the United states and Japan was concluded in 1858, he was arrested as 'a person who plotted' in Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) by Naosuke II because he was against the Imperial sanction for the treaty and was punished with house arrest of 50 days.

• 1868年(明治元年)17歳の時に本因坊、安井家の同意で四段昇段を求めたが、井上松本因碩がこれに反対し、争碁の相手として門人の小林鉄次郎を指名した。
• In 1868, Shuei asked for a promotion to the 4th dan level at the age of 17 with the consent of Honinbo and the Yasui family, but Matsumotoinseki INOUE opposed this and designated Tetsujiro KOBAYASHI, his disciple, as the opponent of Sogo (official challenge match).

• 裏面がこんがりと焼けてきたら、専用の大型のコテ（ヘラ）2本でひっくり返し反対側の面を焼く（ひっくり返す際、破れたり飛び散ったりしないよう注意する）。
• Grill one side until golden brown, turn it over using two large spatulas for the okonomiyaki and bake the other side (when turning it over, be careful not to break or scatter the dough).

• 979年（天元 (日本)2年）に園城寺長吏となり、981年（天元4年）には法性寺座主となっているが、円仁の流れを組む山門派の反対により辞任している。
• Although he was appointed to the chief priest of Onjo-ji Temple in 979 followed by the chief priest of Hossho-ji Temple in 981, he resigned from his post due to the objections of the Sanmon school, which was descended from Ennin.

• 第九十七条第二項の規定は、申込者が反対の意思を表示した場合又はその相手方が申込者の死亡若しくは行為能力の喪失の事実を知っていた場合には、適用しない。
• The provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 97 shall not apply where the offeror expresses his/her intention to the contrary, or the other party has come to know the fact of the offeror's death or loss of capacity to act.

• 一方で畿内においては織田信長が上洛を果たし、反対勢力（信長包囲網）を滅ぼし、将軍足利義昭を追放し室町幕府を滅亡させ、天下統一事業をおしすすめていた。
• In the Kinai region, Nobunaga ODA successfully arrived at Kyoto, exterminated his opposing forces known as the anti-Nobunaga network, drove out shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, put the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to an end, and carried out his task of unification of the whole country.

• この結果として学会内には、運営について憲法を中心とする国家学・ドイツ学の啓蒙普及を重視する一派と、それに反対し「純学理」を重んじる一派が存在していた。
• As a result, in Kokkagakkai, there were a faction that emphasized spread and enlightenment of the science of the nation and German studies centering on the constitution about management and other faction that emphasized 'jungakuri' against it.

• 明治6年（1873年）の征韓論をめぐる政府内での対立では、西郷隆盛らの征韓派と、岩倉具視や大久保利通らの征韓反対派の板ばさみになり、岩倉を代理とする。
• In 1873, when the government divided over the Seikan-ron, the debate over whether to send troops to Korea or not, he was torn between the people who supported it, like Takamori SAIGO, and those who opposed to it, like Tomomi IWAKURA and Toshimichi OKUBO, finally choosing Iwakura as his representative.

• なお、明治民法の家族法の草案段階は、福澤の男女同等論に近いものであったり彼もそれを支持したが、士族系の反対があったため父家長制のものに書き換えられた。
• The draft of Family Law in Civil Law during the Meiji period was close to Yukichi's theory of the equality of the sexes, and Yukichi supported the draft, but it was replaced by Family Law adopting patriarchy because the draft was opposed by the descendants of samurai families.

• 彼らは自分達こそが国民・民衆の代表であるとする意識から、「民党」という言葉を用い、反対勢力を政府官吏と癒着した勢力と看做して「吏党」と呼んで卑下した。
• They used the word 'minto' to call themselves with the consciousness that they were the real representatives of the people, and they regarded their opponents as the group having a cozy relationship with the government officials and despised the group by calling it 'rito' (literally, the parties of the government officials, it is the discriminatory term used by the members and supporters of minto).

• また木戸の反対を押し切る形で1876年8月5日の太政官布告108号において、禄制の全面的廃止と金禄公債切り替えのための金禄公債証書発行条例を公布した。
• Despite KIDO's opposition, OKUMA issued an edict of Daijokan No.108 on August 5, 1876 which enforced complete abolition of the stipend and an issuance of Kinroku-kosai Shosho Jorei (regulation of Kinroku government securities) for introducing Kinroku government securities.

• また長年キリスト教を『邪宗門』と信じてきた一般民衆の間にもキリスト教への恐怖から解禁に反対する声も上がったため、日本政府は一切解禁しようとしなかった。
• In addition, common people who had long believed that Christianity was 'Jasumon' (Heresy) also raised a voice of protest against the lifting of the ban out of fear of Christianity, and due to these circumstances the Japanese government was not willing to remove the ban at all.

• 将軍の側近として早くから活動していたため、家督は嫡男の持綱に譲っていたが、1445年、反対勢力に擁立された子の時綱によって持綱と共に滅ぼされ自刃した。
• As he had been working from an early stage as a close aide to the shogun, he handed over the position of the family head to his heir, Mochitsuna, and, in 1445, he was overthrown together with Mochitsuna by his son, Tokitsuna, who was supported by an opponent and committed suicide with a sword.

• 明治天皇が京都より東京へ行幸（東京奠都）する際、伊勢神宮より早馬が到着して｢神宮の鳥居が倒れた、御神意は天皇の行幸に反対なのでは｣という連絡を受けた。
• When Emperor Meiji moved out of Kyoto to Tokyo (Tokyo Tento, or transfer of the national capital to Tokyo), an express mail sent by horse came from Ise-jingu Shrine, which read as follows: 'A torii (gate) of the Shrine has collapsed. This may be a sign that the divine spirits are against the Emperor's transfer to Tokyo.'

• 蕃神を礼拝すれば国神の怒りをまねくでしょう」（「我國家之王天下者 恆以天地社稷百八十神 春夏秋冬 祭拜為事 方今改拜蕃神 恐致國神之怒」）と反対した。
• If we worship banshin (God believed by foreigners), the wrath of our country Gods will be incurred'.

• 西南戦争後の政府の財政難から税権回復を目指し、1879年には諸外国との条約改正に臨み、アメリカとの交渉は良好に進むがイギリスの反対などで挫折している。
• Seeking bailout for the government which had been facing economic difficulties after the Seinan War, he went on negotiating the recovery of Japan's taxation authority from the western countries in 1879, where he was successful with the United States but finally set back due to Great Britain's opposition.

• - 39 歳の時 13 歳年下の同志社の学生で、新島襄から洗礼を受け敬虔なキリスト教徒だった志方之善（しかたゆきよし）と周囲の反対を押し切り再婚する。
• At the age of 39, she remarried over opposition to Yukiyoshi SHIKATA, a student of Doshisha University who was 13-year junior to her and a devout Christian who was baptized by Joseph Hardy Neesima (Joe NIIJIMA).

• いずれも謙信の電光石火・神出鬼没ぶりや戦術眼の高さがうかがえる逸話だが、家臣団の反対で中止せざるをえなくなっている所に謙信の限界があるとの意見もある。
• The above anecdotes show Kenshin's lightning-fast, elusive characters and excellence in strategy, his limiting point was that he had to call off due to an objection from vassals.

• 相続人が相続財産の全部又は一部を処分した後に相続財産について破産手続開始の決定があったときは、相続人が反対給付について有する権利は、破産財団に属する。
• If an order of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings is made against the inherited property after an heir has disposed of the whole or part of the inherited property, rights that the heir holds with regard to counter-performance shall belong to the bankruptcy property.

• 近年では金物屋が兼業で営むぐらいだが、和物（洋物の反対語）の刃物が世間一般で広く使われていた時代には、どの町でも人通りの多い商店街などでよく見られた。
• In recent years, hardware stores have taken it up as a side job, but in the days when Japanese (as opposed to Western) knives were commonly used, they were often seen in every town in busy shopping areas.

• 義介は自ら定めた行持を古規に戻すなど反対派との融和を図るが対立は深まる一方であり、7年後の弘安10年（1287年）永平寺を下山し加賀国大乗寺に移った。
• Gikai tried to reconcile with the opposing group by changing the rules he had made to the old ones and so on, but since the conflict seemed to deepen, in 1287, after seven years had passed, he left Eihei-ji Temple and moved to Daijo-ji Temple in Kaga Province.

• 政党に不信感を持っていた明治天皇は伊藤の政党結党に対して強く反対したが、伊藤は議会の中に天皇と国益を重んじる政党が必要であることを力説して了承を得る。
• Although the Emperor Meiji, who had distrust toward political parties, strongly opposed Ito's establishment of a political party, Ito insisted on the necessity of the political party within the diet which respect the emperor and the national interest, and then Ito gained the Emperor's acknowledgement.

• 『吾妻鏡』の中では、人望厚い畠山重忠を追い落とした人物は北条時政の後妻で悪名高き牧の方とされ、北条義時は畠山重忠の謀殺に反対して、父時政に熱弁をふるう。
• 'Azuma Kagami' says that it was the notorious second wife of Tokimasa HOJO, Maki no Kata (Lady Maki) who tried to depose Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, who was popular with people, and Yoshitoki HOJO opposed murdering Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, speaking with fervor against his father, Tokimasa.

• 同年の第一次近衛内閣成立以降は次第に政治の表舞台から退き、反対し続けた日独伊三国軍事同盟成立の2ヶ月後の昭和15年（1940年）11月24日に死去した。
• After the First Konoe Cabinet was formed in the same year, he gradually retreated from the political stage, and he passed away on November 24, 1940, two months after the formation of Tripartite Military Pact, which he had continued to oppose.

• しかし第8代将軍・足利義政や勝元が嘉吉の乱で没落した赤松氏の足利義政を支援しようとすると、赤松氏の旧領を守護国に持つ持豊は赤松氏の再興に強硬に反対した。
• However, when Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, the eighth shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate, and Katsumoto tried to support the Akamatsu clan, which had fallen in the Kakitsu Incident, Mochitoyo, who was in charge of the former Akamatsu clan territories, strongly opposed rebuilding the Akamatsu clan.

• しかし、王政復古からまもないころであったから、公議所の公議人らは反対意見で、廃刀をもって武士の精神をなくし、皇国の元気を消滅させるものとして否決された。
• However, since it was not long before the imperial rule was restored, politicians in the lower house opposed this and the bill was voted down as banning of the wearing of swords would ruin the spirit of samurai and discourage the power of the imperial nation.

• 帝国議会の開設に合わせて、旧自由民権運動諸派の間で大同団結運動が発生すると、同運動に反対する保守的な議員達もこれに対抗するために結集を果たすようになる。
• In time with the opening of the Imperial Diet, a movement to the Daido assembly happened among the old minor parties supporting the Jiyu Minken Undo on the sidelines of opening of the Imperial Diet, the conservative councilors who opposed the movement assembled in a move to counteract them.

• 伝統的に武士階層は土地（地方）をもって所領を与えられることを望んだことから、地方召上に懲罰的要素を含む場合や反対に地方直に恩賞的要素を含む場合もあった。
• The samurai class traditionally preferred to receive shoryo as the form of territory (jikata); accordingly, jikata-meshiage sometimes contained a certain punitive sense, and on the contrary, jikata-naoshi sometimes implicates a kind of reward.

• だが、管領細川政元はこれに強く反対し、間もなく義尚自身も病死したために本願寺討伐の件は中止されて幕府から要求されていた加賀門徒の破門も有耶無耶とされた。
• However, since Shogunal Deputy Masamoto HOSOKAWA objected to it and also Yoshihisa died from a disease, subjugation Hongan-ji Temple was canceled, and the excommunication of the Kaga-monto (Kaga-sect) was left up in the air.

• 永禄4年（1561年）8月、織田信長の家臣・木下藤吉郎（豊臣秀吉）に実母・朝日（秀吉妹・朝日姫とは同名の別人）の反対を押し切って嫁ぐ（通説では14歳）。
• In August in 1561, she married Tokichiro KINOSHITA (Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI), a vassal of Nobunaga ODA over the opposition of her birth mother, Asahi (a different person from Hideyoshi's sister, Asahi-hime with the same name) at the age of 14 (according to generally-accepted belief).

• 内大臣・徳大寺実定は先の議定での決定を踏みにじる経宗の行動に憤り、後白河に反対意見を奏上しようとするが、兼実は「異議なし」と屈服した（『玉葉』同日条）。
• Sanesada TOKUDAIJI, who was Naidaijin, was angry about Tsunemune's act, as it had trampled on the decision in the previous conference and tried to petition Goshirakawa to oppose the opinion but Kanezane gave up by replying 'No objection' (Article for the same day in 'Gyokuyo').

• しかし、孝明天皇が希望する横浜港鎖港をめぐって、限定攘夷論（鎖港支持）の慶喜と、武備充実論（鎖港反対）の久光・春嶽・宗城とのあいだに政治的対立が生じた。
• But over the issue on exclusion of foreign ships from Yokohama port, a political confrontation occurred between Yoshinobu who insisted the principle of limited expulsion of foreigners (in favor of exclusion) and Hisamitsu, Shungaku and Munenari who insisted reinforcement of armaments (against exclusion).

• 翌年、アメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリーが来航すると条約反対と外国人排斥による攘夷運動を訴えて尊皇攘夷を求める志士たちの先鋒となり、幕政を激しく批判した。
• Next year, at the time of the arrival of Commodore Perry from the United States, he spearheaded the royalists who looked for Sonno Joi (slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) with calling for opposition to the treaty and Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), and criticized shogunate government fiercely.

• また、政治面においては、江戸幕府が進める長州征伐に反対してこれを止めるように意見書を出す一方で、興正寺門跡を擁して長州藩に赴き、幕府との和議を斡旋した。
• In the political field, he was against the Choshu conquest by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), submitted a report in order to stop it, and went to the Choshu Domain with the title of Kosho-ji monzeki to mediate between Choshu and Bakufu.

• 日隆 (法華宗本門流)の八品主義に反対して、日要の奉じた文底寿量説を発展させて富士門流の発展に尽力して京都要法寺の日辰とともに「東我西辰」と並称された。
• Nichiga was opposed to the Happon policy by Nichiryu of Honmon school of Hokkeshu sect, and developed the Montei-juryo theory embraced by Nichiyo, in his effort to reinforce the development of Fujimon school, after which he came to share the title 'Toga Saishin' (Nichiga of East and Nisshin of West) along with Nisshin of Kyoto Yobo-ji Temple.

• また折伏と摂受は正反対な手法とされるが、化導法（仏の教えを理解せしめていく上）では、どちらも切っても切れない不二の法門である、という指摘もなされている。
• Also, it is pointed out that, although shakubuku and shoju are said to be opposite techniques, both of them are absolutely inseparable Homon (dharma-gates) for the conversion to Buddhism (for having the teachings of Buddhism understood).

• 新設合併等をする場合（次に掲げる場合を除く。）には、反対株主は、消滅株式会社等に対し、自己の有する株式を公正な価格で買い取ることを請求することができる。
• In cases of effecting a Consolidation-type Merger, etc. (excluding the following cases), dissenting shareholders may demand that the Consolidated Stock Company, etc. purchase, at a fair price, the shares held by such shareholders:

• 吸収合併等をする場合（次に掲げる場合を除く。）には、反対株主は、消滅株式会社等に対し、自己の有する株式を公正な価格で買い取ることを請求することができる。
• In cases of effecting an Absorption-type Merger, etc. (excluding the following cases), dissenting shareholders may demand that the Absorbed Stock Company, etc. purchase, at a fair price, the shares held by such shareholders:

• 貞観 (日本)13年（871年）に算博士の官位相当が正七位下に引き上げられたのも、算道の隆盛とは正反対の算博士の算道以外の職務が重視された結果であった。
• In 871, in stark contrast to Sando's waning prosperity, the official court rank equivalent to San hakase was raised to Shoshichiinoge (Senior Seventh Rank, Lower Grade), a result of the high regard given to the duties of the San hakase other than Sando.

• その理由として「麦は虫がつきやすい、変敗しやすい、味が悪い、輸送が困難などの反対論がつよく」、その上、脚気予防（理屈）とは別のもの（情）もあったとされる。
• The reasons for this included the fact barley rice easily deteriorated and became infested with vermin, tasted bad and was difficult to transport, besides which practical concerns it is said there was another emotional resistance to barley rice.

• 1627年（寛永4年）に起こった紫衣事件に対する幕府の強硬措置に、反対意見書を提出した沢庵宗彭、玉室宗珀、江月宗玩の3人を遠島の厳罰に処すつもりであった。
• Suden intended to punish Soho TAKUAN, Sohaku GYOKUSHITSU and Sogan KOGETSU, who presented written objection to the tough measures taken by the bakufu with the Shie Incident in 1627, by exiling them to a distant island.

• 長和4年（1015年）、大僧正となっていた慶円は自分の辞任と引き換えに良円の律師就任を申請したが、慶円と不仲であった藤原道長が反対したため実現しなかった。
• In 1015, Keien, now a Daisojo (a priest of the highest rank in the highest managerial position), submitted a recommendation on the occasion of his own retirement that Ryoen be appointed a Risshi (the third rank of priest following Sojo and Sozu), but because Keien was not on good terms with the powerful FUJIWARA no Michinaga, Michinaga opposed this move and thus it did not happen.

• 遺言執行者は、やむを得ない事由がなければ、第三者にその任務を行わせることができない。ただし、遺言者がその遺言に反対の意思を表示したときは、この限りでない。
• An executor may not allow a third party to undertake the duties of an executor unless there are justifiable reasons; provided, however, that this shall not apply if the testator has indicated a contrary intent in his/her will.

• 元々病弱な体質でこの当時も風邪をひき病臥していた容保は、はじめ家臣の西郷頼母らの反対により固辞するも、慶永らの強い勧めによりこの大役を引き受けることとなる。
• Katamori, who had a weak constitution and was sick in bed with a cold around that time, at first firmly refused the appointment by objections from Tanomo SAIGO and other vassals, but finally accepted on the urging of Yoshinaga and others.

• 当初は北条氏の担ぎ挙げた傀儡将軍であったが、歳を重ね官位を高めていくにつれ、北条氏に反対する勢力が接近するようになり、幕府内での権力基盤を徐々に強めていく。
• Originally installed as a puppet Shogun by the Hojo clan, as he got older and reached higher rank, the opponents of the Hojo clan approached him, and he gradually enhanced his power base within the Shogunate.

• 勲等の廃止においては与党の一部から反対も出たが、今後どの様な栄典制度となるか、官民格差是正や栄典法制定問題などがある中で、現在のところは不透明な情勢にある。
• Some members of the ruling party are opposing the abolishment of the medals for merit, but with the issues including removal of the disparity between public and private and the establishment of honor law, it is still undecided as to what kind of institution of honor will replace the medals for merit.

• 実際には家光時代後期の大奥の支配者であり、新御殿造営時の役人の不手際を将軍に逐一報告したり、幕閣の反対を押し切って大奥にて猿楽（能）を催したりしたとされる。
• In reality, she was the ruler of ooku in the latter half of Iemitsu's era and, reportedly, she reported to the shogun failure of officials when building a new palace in all particular and she held a sarugaku (Noh) performance in ooku over opposition of officers of the bakufu.

• 庸之助はこれに抵抗するが、地元においても反対派に向けての切り崩し工作が行われた結果、明治32年（1899年）についに県境変更法案が成立するに至ったのである。
• Although Yonosuke resisted this, as a result of the maneuvering to break up the opposing group being also carried out in the local districts, the bill for changing the prefectural border got to pass the Diet at last in 1899

• 明治39年（1906年）３月には日本社会党と共同戦線を張って、東京市内電車の電車賃値上反対運動をおこなったが、国家社会党はこれだけで自然消滅したようである。
• The party, along with the Japan Socialist Party, led a protest against a proposal of the increase in Tokyo's city tram fares in March 1906, but it can be said that it was the party's only achievement after which it eventually became defunct.

• 日本では『日本書紀』以下六国史など史書は編年体で編纂されるのが常で、『史記』のような紀伝体の史書が編纂された先例はなく、史館員からの反対意見もあったという。
• History in Japan such as the six histories including 'Nihon shoki' were commonly compiled chronologically and because there was no history like 'Shiki' written along events, compiling staff had objections.

• 1862年（文久2年）3月に沢村惣之丞とともに脱藩した理由は定かではないが、龍馬が吉田東洋暗殺を企てる武市瑞山の方針に反対だったからではないかとの指摘もある。
• It is not known exactly why Ryoma fled from Tosa clan with Sonojo SAWAMURA in March, 1862, but some point out that it is because Ryoma opposed Zuizan TAKECHI's policy to attempt to assassinate Toyo YOSHIDA.

• そこで1899年に入ると両会派の連携が進み、同年12月に両会派が木曜会や純無所属の議員にも呼びかけて70名の議員によって政党政治に反対する連合組織を結成した。
• Therefore, in 1899 the cooperation between both groups advanced and in December of the same year the members of Mokuyo-kai (Thursday-group) and independents were invited to form a union with 70 members against party politics.

• その後、二条天皇が即位し、後白河院政が始まると、藤原信頼や源義朝らの反対勢力が結集し、1159年平清盛が熊野詣に出かけた留守にクーデター（平治の乱）が起こる。
• Thereafter, when Emperor Nijo was enthroned and the government of Retired Emperor Goshirakawa took power, the opposing powers, FUJIWARA no Nobuyori and MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, collected their forces and staged a coup (the Heiji War) in 1159 while TAIRA no Kiyomori was visiting Kumano Shrine.

• 当時、“薩摩藩の後ろ盾”となっていたイギリスは日本との貿易に支障が出ることを恐れて“江戸総攻撃に反対”していたため、「江戸無血開城」は新政府の既定方針だった。
• At that time, England was 'against the all-out assault of Edo' because they were 'a supporter of the domain of Satsuma' and was afraid of trading trouble with Japan, thus, the 'bloodless surrender of Edo Castle' became the fixed plan of the new government.

• 流域の村々には重労働の提供が求められ、更には工事の為の移転を余儀なくされる者、水位の低下による水不足を心配する者もあり、分水工事反対の声が逆に強まっていった。
• The watershed villagers were requested to provide hard physical labor, and in addition, some were forced to move from their own houses due to the construction and some were concerned about the water shortage caused by the lowered water level, which led to a surging opposition movement against the diversion contraction.

• この禁令は社寺などに出されていることから見ても、朝廷が反対できないよう、銅灯篭など「国家安泰を祈願するため」の仏具に事寄せて溶解する方式が取られたのであろう。
• This Kin-hasen Rei was promulgated toward shrines and temples, who used to melt copper coins to produce, for example, Buddhist alter articles such as hanging copper lanterns 'made to pray for national peace and security,' and therefore, to whom the Imperial Court could hardly complain against their illegal acts.

• 新政府内部には、財源の問題から反対論も出されたものの、参戦諸藩の軍事支出に伴う財政悪化が新政府への反感につながることを恐れた結果、恩賞が支給されることとなった。
• Although due to the financial resources an opposing argument appeared inside the new government, it decided to give rewards for fear that the domains' financial aggravation caused by military expenses in the battles might create ill feeling against it.

• 治承4年（1180年）6月、一門の反対を押し切り、平氏の拠点である国際貿易港の大輪田泊（現在の兵庫県神戸市）を望む地への遷都を目指して福原京福原行幸を強行する。
• In July, 1180, overriding resistance from the clan, Kiyomori visited Fukuhara in Fukuharakyo in an attempt to relocate the capital to a place where the base of the Taira clan, which was an international trading port, Owada no tomari, (Owada port, currently in Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture), could be overlooked.

• 征韓論には反対し、その後、殖産興業と財政改革という点から、明治8年（1875年）10月には、大久保利通と連名で財政についての意見書を太政官に提出したりしている。
• He opposed the Seikanron (debate on subjugation of Korea), and submitted a written proposal to the Dajokan (cabinet) jointly with Toshimichi OKUBO on the promotion of local production industry and financial reform in October 1875.

• こういった斯波氏の動きに対し、道誉ら有力守護らは反撥を強め、貞治2年（1363年）7月にはこれら反対勢力が高経を討とうと集結しているという噂が立つほどであった。
• Influential shugodaimyo such as Doyo were offended by the behavior of the Shiba clan and people whispered that these opponents were plotting to kill Takatsune in July 1363.

• 義政ははじめこれらの相続争いに積極的に介入したが、加賀国守護であった富樫氏の内紛では管領・細川勝元の反対を受けて義政の意のままに相続権を動かすことができなかった。
• Yoshimasa, at first, actively intervened into these family heir disputes, but he met opposition from kanrei Katsumoto HOSOKAWA regarding the internal dispute of the Togashi clan, the shugo of the Province of Kaga, and Yoshimasa could not influence the issue of family heir the way he wanted.

• 安政5年（1858年）に老中・堀田正睦が日米修好通商条約の勅許を得るため上京した時に、反対派の公家を集めて阻止行動を起こした（いわゆる「廷臣八十八卿列参事件」）。
• In 1858, when the Roju (member of Shogun's council of elders) Masayoshi HOTTA visited the capital to obtain a charter for signing the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan, Tomomi IWAKURA gathered Court nobles who were against the treaty and attempted to stop the signing of the treaty (so-called the 'Teishin hachiju-hachi kyo ressan jiken' (Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court)).

• 白河院が院近臣であった国守を、受領功過定を経ずに同じ国でそのまま重任（他国に転ずるより利益は大きい）させようとしたのを藤原師通が猛反対して諦めさせたことまである。
• It reached the point where FUJIWARA no Moromichi fiercely opposed and finally halted Emperor Shirakawa's attempts to reappoint Yoshiie to the head of provincial governor, a position close to the emperor, of the same province (of more benefit than reassigning him to a different province) without having passed the zuryo-kokka-sadame.

• ところが、戸水は金井・寺尾と連名でポーツマス条約に反対する上奏文を宮内省に対して提出したため、久保田は東京帝国大学総長の山川健次郎を依願免職の形で事実上更迭した。
• However, Kubota virtually replaced President of Tokyo Imperial University Kenjiro YAMAKAWA in the form of dismissal at his request because Tomizu submitted a report against Treaty of Portsmouth in the joint names with Kanai and Terao to the throne.

• 朝鮮側の強い反対があったものの、日本の公使花房義質が日朝間を頻繁に往来して、ついには1880年12月漢城に公使館を設置し長期滞在して既成事実化することで決着した。
• Despite of strong protest by Korean side, Yoshitomo HANABUSA, a ministry of Japan frequently visited Korea, finally placed a legation in Hanseong in December 1880 and stayed there for long period, so that he became a virtual ministry in Korea.

• 1961年、日米安全保障条約に反対する安保闘争を舞台にした作品『日本の夜と霧』（1960年）を、松竹が大島に無断で自主的に上映中止したことに猛抗議し、同社を退社。
• In 1961 Oshima fiercely objected against the decision made by Shochiku Co.,Ltd to stop the release of his film 'Night and Fog in Japan' (1960), which was based on the student movement against the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty, and left the company.

• 前二条に規定する場合を除き、当事者双方の責めに帰することができない事由によって債務を履行することができなくなったときは、債務者は、反対給付を受ける権利を有しない。
• Except in the cases provided for in the preceding two Articles, if the performance of any obligation has become impossible due to reasons not attributable to either party, the obligor shall not have the right to receive performance in return.

• また大久保達はこれ以降、政治の実権を握る事になったが、いわゆる「征韓論」に対しては大久保らも、交渉決裂に際して朝鮮半島での武力行使の方針自体には反対ではなかった。
• Okubo and other leaders, who held power after this event, also were not against Seikanron and the policy of executing military power in the Korean Peninsula after a breakdown in negotiations.

• 大衆の行動は興福寺の平氏に対する敵意の大きさを物語る出来事だが、結果的に興福寺攻撃に対する公卿たちの反対を封じ込め、興福寺への大軍派遣の大義名分を与える事になった。
• Actions of Daishu revealed the incident which showed the magnitude of hostility of Kofuku-ji Temple to the Taira clan, but consequently, contained opposition to Kofuku-ji Temple attack by Court nobles and gave a legitimate reason to dispatch large force to Kofuku-ji Temple.

• 当初は小山（元・島）を全て潰し、その残土や刈り出した松の木を使って広大な農地を開発する予定であったが、地元の名刹・蚶満寺住職の覚林が景勝地の開拓に反対運動を始めた。
• At the outset of the project, the domain intended to planarize the land, completely leveling the mounds (that were islands before), and the surplus earth and the logged pine trees were to be utilized to develop a vast agricultural land, however, the chief priest named Kakurin of Kanman-ji Temple, a local famous temple with a long history, began an opposition campaign.

• 信長との同盟に反対していた家臣達は信長が朝倉攻めに際して浅井に一報を入れなかったことから、隠居中の久政をかつぎ出し長政に対し織田軍への進撃を提案したと言われている。
• It is said that the vassals who had been against the alliance with Nobunaga got Hisamasa, who was in retirement, to suggest Nagamasa launch an attack on the Oda army since Nobunaga didn't inform Azai of his attack on Asakura.

• 「征韓論」、あるいはそうでなければ「内地優先論」的非征韓論（すなわち征韓そのものを否定するのではなく、「時期尚早」であるがゆえに反対するもの）が大多数を占めていた。
• A vast majority of the people supported the Seikanron or anti-Seikanron to 'prioritize the domestic affairs' (which did not reject the Seikanron itself, but rejected its feasibility as being 'premature.'

• 壁画を従来どおり金堂内で保存する方法と、取り外して別途保存する方法とが検討されたが、壁画の取り外しについては寺側が信仰上の理由から反対し、結論はなかなか出なかった。
• It was discussed whether to store the murals in the Kondo as before or to remove and replace them in different place, however, the latter was opposed by the Horyu-ji Temple side for religious reason and so the decision could not be easily reached.

• しかし、特にゴータマ・ブッダの時代はバラモン教が司祭の血統であるブラフミン（バラモン）を特別な存在と主張した時で、それに反対してバラモン教の範囲から飛び出している。
• However, particularly in the age of Buddha Gautama, Brahmanism proclaimed that Brahmin (Brahman), a bloodline of their priest, was the special existence; those who were thought to have attained enlightenment were against the idea and left Brahmanism.

• 牙符とは文字を刻んだ象牙を半割りにした割符であり、円周は四寸五分、片面に「朝鮮通信」と篆書体(てんしょ)で刻まれ、反対面には発給年次「成化十年甲午」と彫られていた。
• Gafu was an inscribed ivory tally split into halves, each of which was 13.6 cm round with one of the halves inscribed with 'Korean communication' in Tensho characters and the other half inscribed with the year issued '1474.'

• 私学校設立と国民の重い負担に鑑みて就学に関する規定を緩和したが反対意見が噴出し、翌1880年（明治13年）12月と1885年（明治18年）8月の2度の改正がなされた。
• The regulations about school attendance were loosened in consideration of foundation of private schools and people's heavy burden, but they were revised twice in December 1880 and in August 1885 because of outpouring of opposing opinions.

• 帰国後は征韓論論争において、西郷隆盛を大使として朝鮮に派遣する案に反対して辞意を表明し、その後西郷の派遣を無期延期させた（その結果、西郷は参議・近衛都督を辞職した）。
• After returning to Japan, over the Seikan-ron (debate over conquering Korea), he opposed the idea of dispatching Takamori SAIGO to Korea as an ambassador and then postponed the dispatch indefinitely (as a result, Takamori resigned as Sangi (Royal Advisor) and Konoe-totoku (Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Guard)).

• 清氏は寺社勢力や公家の反対を押し切り、分国の若狭において半済を強行するなど強引な行動も多く、幕政では分国を巡る争いのあった斯波氏や、同格の仁木義長らの政敵も多かった。
• Kiyouji overcame the opposition of the nobility and the influence of temples and shrines; since there were many instances of coercion including forcing payment of Hanzei (fief taxes) in Wakasa Province, the Shogunate had to address many fief related disputes involving the Shiba clan and political opponents of similar standing such as Yoshinaga NIKI.

• 帝国議会設置以来、衆議院では、自由党_(明治)・立憲改進党に代表される自由民権運動を継承する民党とこれに反対する国民協会に代表される温和派（吏党）が対立を続けてきた。
• There were conflicts between the 'Minto' (People's Party) representing the Jiyuto (Liberal Party) in Meiji period and the Rikken Kaishinto supporting the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and the 'Rito' (Bureaucrats' Party) representing the Kokumin Kyokai after the constitution of the Imperial Diet opposed it.

• また、『書紀』の内容が信頼できないことからは、真偽不明という結論は導けても、そこから直ちに『書紀』の記述の反対が真実だとか、論者の想像が真実だとかいう結論は導けない。
• A fact that the contents of 'Chronicles of Japan' were unreliable may support the conclusion that its authenticity was unknown, but it cannot lead to such conclusions that the contrary to the descriptions of 'Chronicles of Japan' was true or imaginations of advocates were true.

• 修法の効験で知られ、1074年（承保元年）白河天皇の皇子誕生を祈願し、敦文親王が誕生したことから、園城寺の戒壇創設を天皇に請うたが、延暦寺の反対により実現しなかった。
• Gaining fame for the efficacy of his incantation and prayer, he prayed for the birth of an Imperial prince for Emperor Shirakawa in 1074, and after the birth of Imperial Prince Atsufumi he requested the emperor reward him with the establishment of a kaidan (platform for teaching the precepts to monks and nuns) in Onjo-ji Temple, but his request was dismissed due to opposition from Enryaku-ji Temple.

• 全日本剣道連盟はJOC、国際剣道連盟はIOC傘下のGAISFに加盟をしているが、剣道のオリンピックの正式種目、公開種目化には首尾一貫して反対している立場を取っている。
• Although the All Japan Kendo Federation is affiliated with the JOC and the International Kendo Federation is a member of the GAISF, which is affiliated with the IOC, both have consistently opposed the idea of Kendo becoming an official Olympic sport or an demonstration sport.

• 検注目録を別個に作らず、検注帳に一括して記載される場合もあったが、反対に検注以外の時に在地において目録との照合・訂正を行って古くなった検地帳の補完を行う場合もあった。
• There were examples in which kenchu mokuroku was incorporated into the kenchucho, but there were also examples in which kenchu mokuroku was made by the local administration separately and especially to supplement the kenchucho, which was in need of update and correction by collating with the index when the kenchu was not being carried out.

• その一方で近年、三成は秀吉の正室である高台院と親密であり、逆に秀頼の母として政治に介入する淀殿とその側近を嫌っていたとする、これまでの通説とは正反対の説も浮上している。
• Contrastingly, there is a recent theory that Mitsunari had a very intimate relationship with Kodaiin, who was Hideyoshi's official wife, and that he disliked Yodo-dono and her close aides because she had interfered in politics as Hideyori's mother.

• 加藤は議院そのものには反対しないものの、国民のレヴェルがまだ議院を必要とするほど発展していないと断じ、啓蒙を通じて文明化を図り、その上で議院制度を導入しようと主張した。
• Kato did not oppose to the establishment of parliament itself, but insisted that people did not reach the level which needed a parliament and that a system of parliament should be introduced after civilization through enlightenment was realized.

• だが、明治政府の立憲国家建設に真っ向から反対して天皇親政を唱える元田に対する明治天皇の信任は増すばかりであり、伊藤らは政府の方針と天皇の意向の乖離に苦慮することになる。
• However, with the deepening of the Meiji Emperor's trust for Motoda who insisted on direct rule by the Emperor and raised frontal objection to the Meiji government's plan to establish a constitutional state, Ito struggled with the dissociation between the government's policy and the Emperor's intention.

• しかし、木戸の説得に押され、また『板垣を在野で放置して過激派と結びつかれるよりも、政府につなぎとめておいた方が、政府への反対運動を分断できる』と考え、態度を軟化させた。
• Nevertheless, he was moved by Kido's s persuasion and also thought that 'instead of leaving Itagaki outside the government to let him join radical groups, he should keep him inside in order to sever the anti-government movement,' and thus he took a softer line.

• 尾崎は立身しても三条実美から受けた旧恩を忘れず、内閣制度発足時に三条を形式だけの内大臣として祭り上げ、伊藤博文を初代内閣総理大臣にしようとした際には、最後まで反対した。
• Despite the social success he achieved, he never forgot the kindness he had been shown by Sanetomi SANJO, and he resisted to the very end moves to appoint Sanjo to the ceremonial post of Naidaijin (Minister of the interior) upon the establishment of a cabinet system, while Hirofumi ITO was to be appointed Japan's first prime minister.

• 彼は「健全なる国民の発育」の観点から工場法の制定の必要を認めており、1896年の農商工高等会議ではこれに反対する渋沢栄一（のち賛成に転じた）らを前に自説を強く主張した。
• He acknowledged a need for the enactments of factory acts from the perspective of 'the development of healthy citizens', and he strongly insisted on his opinion in front of those who were against the acts including Eichi SHIBUSAWA (who later changed his position to the consenting party) in a meeting of the Superior Council of Agriculture, Industry, and Commerce held in 1896.

• すると一色義直、土岐成頼らも義廉に味方するようになり、さらに、同年に貞親の助言で大内政弘が赦免されると、これに反対していた細川勝元までもが反貞親として義廉の味方となる。
• Yoshinao ISSHIKI and Shigeyori TOKI were on his side and furthermore, when Masahiro OUCHI was pardoned on the advice of Sadachika in the same year, Katsumoto Hosokawa, who was against OUCHI's pardoning, stood up for Yoshikado, opposing Sadachika.

• だが、文明7年（1475年）、加賀国門徒と守護富樫政親の対立が深刻化すると、順如自らが吉崎に乗り込み、下間蓮崇の反対を押しのけて蓮如と家族を連れて河内国へと連れ出した。
• However, in 1475 when the conflict between the believers of Kaga Province and the shugo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) Masachika TOGASHI became serious, Junnyo went to Yoshizaki and took Rennyo and his family out to Kawachi Province, although Renso SHIMOTSUMA was opposed to it.

• しかし、いずれも効果は薄く、特に上知令は幕府財政の安定と国防の充実との両方を狙う意欲的な政策であったが、社会各層からの猛反対を浴びて頓挫し、忠邦もわずか3年で失脚した。
• However, none of these policies worked well, least of all Land Requisition Orders, which was an ambitious policy aimed at both the financial stabilization and the reinforcement of the national defense, but fierce opposition from every social class threw back them and Tadakuni was overthrown in only three years.

• このため、小村寿太郎や鳥尾小弥太、法律顧問ギュスターヴ・エミール・ボアソナードがこれに反対意見を提出し、更に翌1887年には農商務大臣谷干城が辞表を提出する騒ぎとなった。
• Therefore, Jutaro KOMURA, Koyata TORIO, and Gustave Emile BOISSONADE submitted the adverse opinion, and furthermore, it caused a scene that Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Tateki TANI turned in his resignation in 1887.

• その場合、信廉は信勝の養父として相応の待遇をされるべきだが、事情を知らない勝頼が信廉を家臣の一人として扱ったために勝頼の相続に反対した一門・家臣の離反を招いたといわれる。
• It is said that although Nobukado should have received treatment suitable for him as Katsuyori's adoptive father in this case, Katsuyori, unaware of the circumstances, treated him as one of the vassals, and this caused the estrangement of the family and vassals who had been against Katsuyori's succession.

• 秀郷は下野国（現在の栃木県）の在庁官人として勢力を保持していたが、延喜16年（916年）隣国上野国国衙への反対闘争に加担連座し、一族17（18?）名とともに流罪とされた。
• Hidesato had power as a local official in Shimotsuke Province (present Tochigi Prefecture), but, in 916, he joined and involved in anti-local government movement in the neighboring province, Kozuke Province and he was condemned to exile together with 17 (18?) family members.

• 不服申立てに係る開示決定等を変更し、当該開示決定等に係る行政文書を開示する旨の裁決又は決定（第三者である参加人が当該行政文書の開示に反対の意思を表示している場合に限る。）
• A determination or decision altering the Disclosure Decision, etc. pertaining to an objection to the effect of disclosing Administrative Documents pertaining to that Disclosure Decision, etc. (limited to the case in which an intervenor who is a Third Party has manifested an intention to oppose the disclosure of the Administrative Documents.).

• 一本とは全日本剣道連盟によれば、「充実した気勢、適正な姿勢を持って、竹刀の打突部（弦の反対側の物打ちを中心とした刃部）で打突部位を刃筋正しく打突し、残心あるもの」である。
• According to the All Japan Kendo Federation, Ippon means 'a stroke or thrust a contender properly makes with strong fervor and proper posture on a targeted part of the opponent's body with the proper part of blade of a bamboo sword (main part of blade on the opposite side of the bowstring-shape side) and has preparedness against the opponent's counterattack.'

• 反対に貞観式では序文（現在は『類聚国史』所収）に式とは別に儀式次第を作成することが明記されており、「貞観儀式」（もしくは単に「“儀式”」）がそれにあたると考えられている。
• In contrast, Joganshiki (Palace regulations of the Jogan era) stated in the preface (presently contained in 'Ruiju kokushi' - Classified National History) that the prescription of rules and customs was provided separately from shiki (Regulations) -- 'Jogan Gishiki' (or, simply 'Gishiki') was considered to be that prescription.

• 周辺市町村は渡良瀬川改修群馬期成同盟会を沿岸鉱毒対策委員会と名称変更して鉱毒反対運動を続け、1953年、鉱害根絶同盟会は官製の対策委員会に吸収される形でいったん消滅した。
• The towns and villages of the neighboring area changed the name of the Watarase-gawa River Improvement Committee in Gunma to the River Bank Mining Pollution Committee and continued the movement against the mining pollution; and in 1953 the Association of Mining Pollution Eradication temporally disappeared since it have been merged into the official committee the government had established.

• 12月13日、東京の新聞記者・弁護士らが憲政振作会を組織して二個師団増設反対を決議し、翌14日には交詢社有志が発起人となって時局懇談会をひらいて、会の名を憲政擁護会とした。
• On December 13, Kensei Shinsakukai Party a political party organized by journalists and lawyers in Tokyo, adopted a resolution against the increase of two army divisions, and the next day, some supporters of Kojun-sha (the first social club of businessmen in Japan) called for a meeting to discuss the state of affairs and named the meeting 'Kensei Yogokai' (Meeting for Defending Constitutionalism).

• 枚方東IC以南の区間については、2007年度中の開通を目標としていたが、用地買収の遅れや道路が通る周辺住民の反対運動等で、現在は2010年春開通予定で建設が進められている。
• The section south of the Hirakata-higashi Interchange was scheduled to open within fiscal year 2007, but it is still under construction and scheduled for completion in the spring of 2010 due to a delay in land acquisition and opposition from the neighborhood.

• なお、この時に、条約改正案に反対した井上馨への鬱積から、酒に酔ったまま井上邸内に忍び込むという事件（1889年12月15日夜）を起こして政府内から非難を浴びて謹慎している。
• Meanwhile, Kuroda was upset with Kaoru INOUE, who had opposed the draft revised treaty, and sneaked into Inoue's residence while getting drunk (in the night of December 15, 1889); Kuroda was suspended after being criticized by the government members.

• 通信使接遇には一度に約100万両（1両＝1石換算で幕府の直轄領約400万石の1/4に相当する）かかるものであり、もともと白石は来日招聘そのものに反対であった点が注目される。
• To treat a Tsushinshi envoy, one million ryo (assuming that one ryo is equal to one koku (roughly, rice of 180 liters), this amounted up to 1/4 of the four million koku from the land controlled directly by the bakufu) was required, and attention must also be paid to the fact that Hakuseki originally opposed the invitation of the envoy to Japan itself.

• その後、長徳三年（997年）4月になって伊周らの罪は赦され、また一条天皇は誕生した皇女・脩子内親王との対面を望み、周囲の反対を押し退け、同年6月、再び定子を宮中に迎え入れた。
• Later, in April 997, Korechika and the others were pardoned and, despite opposition, Emperor Ichijo invited Teishi back to the court because he wished to see the newly born daughter, Imperial Princess Shushi.

• ところが、布告前日の29日になって太政官より反対論が出されて布告は中止されて、正式決定を前提として大阪に布告文を送付している途中であった飛脚が東京に呼び戻されることとなった。
• However, on the day before the declaration, the 29th, an opposing argument by the Daijokan was released so the declaration was canceled, and the express messenger who was in the middle of sending the declaration letter to Osaka, with the assumption that this declaration would be a formal decision, was called back to Tokyo.

• そして、意外にも大隈直系の佐野大蔵卿も反対を表明、更に明治天皇側近の佐々木高行が天皇の意思を奉じて、前年に明治天皇が出した「勤倹の聖旨」と本提案は矛盾すると申し入れを行った。
• Unexpectedly, Sano, the Minister of the Treasury who was in direct line from Okuma, expressed objection, besides Takayuki SASAKI, close advisor to the Emperor Meiji embracing the will of the Emperor, lodged a protest that the proposal contradicted with the 'Emperor's Thoughts on Diligence and Thriftiness' announced by the Emperor Meiji the year before.

• 緒嗣の力量を買われた人選ではあったが、同職の最大の課題である蝦夷平定に反対した前歴があること、生粋の貴族で兵法にも疎く体も丈夫ではない事を理由に3度にわたって辞表を提出した。
• Though Otsugu was an excellent choice with appreciation of Otsugu's ability, Otsugu submitted a resignation letter three times with the reasons that he had objected the subjugation of Ezo which was the most important task of the position, that he was a genuine nobleman and, therefore, he did not know much about the military strategies and, in addition, that he was physically weak.

• これは当時「『長野新幹線』という名称だと、『長野までで完成』というイメージが多少あり、長野以遠への延伸の芽を潰すことになりかねない」という、北陸の強い反対があったためである。
• This was because the name of the 'Nagano Shinkansen line' gave at that time the slight impression that 'the line ends at Nagano,' inviting from the Hokuriku region a strong protest that the naming may kill the prospect of the line being extended beyond Nagano.

• 1811年（文化 (元号)8年）専売制度に反対して藩内に農民一揆が発生し、その際改革を要求する建言書を藩に2度提出したが受け入れられず、1812年（文化9年）辞表を提出した。
• In 1811, when a peasants uprising opposing to the monopolization broke out in the domain, he submitted the proposition to the domain government twice calling for a reform, however, they were not accepted and he tendered his resignation.

• 長和3年（1014年）には道長によって摂津守に推挙されるが、国内に多大な所領を有しているとの理由から藤原実資らが反対し白紙とされている（『小右記』同年2月16日 (旧暦)条）。
• He was recommended to be Settsu no kami (Governor of Settsu Province) by Michinaga in 1014, but FUJIWARA no Sanesuke was against it as he already had significant shoryo within the province, so Michinaga's recommendation fell apart ('Shoyuki' (the diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke), Article of March 25, 1014).

• 当時、旧民法賛成派であったのが明治法律学校(現明治大学)や和仏法律学校(現法政大学)であり、反対派であったのが東京帝国大学(現東京大学)やイギリス法律学校(現中央大学)である。
• At that time, supporters of the Old Civil Code included Meiji Law School (now Meiji University) and Japanese-French Law School (now Hosei University), while the opponents included Tokyo Imperial University (now Tokyo University) and English Law School (now Chuo University).

• これは東海道筋は海運が盛んで、運賃の高い鉄道は余り使用されないであろうとする見方、それに東海道筋は海に近く、外国の攻撃を受けやすいという陸軍の強い反対があったためであるとされる。
• This is because of the fact that Tokaido Road's prospering maritime shipping trade and its expensive prices meant that it was little used, and that there were strong objections from the Army based on the fact that Tokaido Road's proximity to the coast left it vulnerable to foreign attack.

• （氏政は秀吉への全面従属には反対であったため、親徳川の氏直をたてたとされるが、のちに氏政自身が上洛することを家臣・国衆に通知しており、氏政が主戦派との見解については疑問がある）。
• (It had been believed that Ujinao, his pro-Tokugawa son, was put up, as Ujimasa was a war advocate and opposed to the total subordination to Hideyoshi, but this theory yields some questions since Ujimasa later informed his vassals and influential domain people that he would go up to the capital himself.)

• 安政5年（1858年）には日米修好通商条約へ勅許を出すことに反対するため、中山忠能・岩倉具視らとともに八十八卿の一人として抗議の列参をし、勅許を阻止した（廷臣八十八卿列参事件）。
• In 1858, he attended the demonstration that claimed to prevent the Imperial sanction to be issued for the Treaty of amity and commerce between the United States and Japan, as he was one of the members of 'hachiju-hachi kyo' (the eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court) which included Tadayasu NAKAYAMA and Tomomi IWAKURA who also attended the demonstration; This affair was called 'Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court.'

• 第24世法主・大谷光暢（闡如）は改革派の動きに反対し、1978年（昭和53年）、本願寺の法統を守る為として、真宗大谷派との包括関係を解き、京都の東本願寺の独立を進めることを宣言。
• Opposing the reformist group, the 24th Hossu Kocho OTANI (also called Sennyo) broke off the existing comprehensive relationship with Shinshu sect Otani school in 1978 with the aim of protecting the traditions of Buddhism, and declared that he would move to realize the independence of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple in Kyoto Prefecture.

• 前項の規定により反対しようとする特定短期社債権者は、その特定社債券（特定短期社債に係るものに限る。）の特定目的会社に対する提示その他の内閣府令で定める措置をとらなければならない。
• A Specified Short-Term Bondholder who intends to dissent pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall present his/her Specified Bond Certificate to the Specific Purpose Company (limited to those pertaining to Specified Short-Term Bonds) or take other measures specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance.

• さらに845年3月、先王の盟約に従って張保皐の娘を王妃に迎えようとしたが、張保皐の身分が卑しいという群臣の反対によって取りやめとなり、これを恨んで張保皐は846年に反乱を起こした。
• King Munseong was going to marry Bogo JANG's daughter following the late King's promise, but cancelled it because of his retainers' objection toward Bogo JANG's low birth; resenting this, Bogo JANG launched a rebellion.

• 中国や日本では、欧米及び日本の帝国主義に反対する愛国運動という捉え方をするのに対し、アメリカなどでは闇雲に外国人を攻撃した排外運動という捉え方をしている（エシェリックやコーエン等）。
• China and Japan perceived the Boxers as a nationalistic movement against the doctrine of the West and the Japanese empire, but it was interpreted as a reckless anti-foreign movement that attacked foreigners in nations such as the United States (by Esherick, Cohen, and others).

• 下りホーム～住宅地、上りホーム～大学正門付近へはスロープでバリアフリーに対応しているが、反対側への移動は「パラディオ橋」のみによっており、構内や隣接の踏切がないのでかなり迂回が必要。
• The route from the outbound platform to the residential area, and from the inbound platform to the front gate of the university can be accessed by ramps for barrier-free design, but since only the 'Palladio-bashi Bridge' connects the platforms and there is no level crossing in the station or near the station, persons in wheelchairs need to go the long way around.

• 第百五十七条第二項において準用する第百五十五条第四項の規定により資産流動化計画の変更に反対する旨を特定目的会社に対し通知した特定目的借入れに係る債権者に係る特定目的借入れの額の合計額
• the total amount of Specific Purpose Borrowings from creditors who have notified the Specific Purpose Company of their dissent to the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan pursuant to Article 155(4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article157(2).

• 前項に規定する「反対株主」とは、次の各号に掲げる場合における当該各号に定める株主（第七百八十三条第四項に規定する場合における同項に規定する持分等の割当てを受ける株主を除く。）をいう。
• The 'dissenting shareholders' provided for in the preceding paragraph shall mean the shareholders provided for in the following items in the cases listed in the same items (excluding shareholders entitled to allotment of Equity Interests, etc. prescribed in Article 783(4) in the cases prescribed in that paragraph):

• これは、当時、一大国民運動となっていた護憲運動の影響を受けて、山縣有朋・桂太郎らを中心とする軍部と藩閥の反対を押し切り、山本権兵衛内閣総理大臣と木越安綱陸軍大臣が断行したものである。
• This, at the time, was influenced by a major civic movement, the Constitution Protection Movement, when Prime Minister Gombei YAMAMOTO and War Minister Yasutsuna KIGOSHI pushed through the disagreements among the military and the domain clique including Arimoto YAMADATA and Taro KATSURA.

• 当時、日清戦争・日露戦争のさなかであった政府としては、鉱山の操業を止める事はできず、反対運動を食い止めるため、政府は運動の盛んだった谷中村の廃村を決し、1907年強制破壊が行われる。
• In the middle of the wars including the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, the government could not stop operations at the mines, and in order to stop the victims' protest, they decided to close Yanaka Village and in 1907 executed the destruction of the village.

• 『平家物語』ではこの事件によって南都への攻撃がなされたとするが、先述のように平氏は遷都後に園城寺、近江源氏などの京周辺の反対勢力を相次いで追討しており、南都攻撃も必然的な行動であった。
• 'The Tale of the Heike' explained that this incident led to Nanto attack, but as described before, the Taira clan have hunted down the opposition forces around Kyoto such as Onjo-ji Temple and Omi-Genji (Minamoto clan) one after another, after transfer of the capital and Nanto attack was an inevitable action.

• 打ちこわしや一揆そのものは生活苦の改善や新規の徴税や徴兵に反対するものが中心であり、思想的・政治的な背景に欠くもので、最終的には幕府・諸藩・明治政府のいずれかの兵に鎮圧されて終わった。
• Having no ideological and political background, most of the destructive riots and uprisings simply aimed at requiring the relief from hardships of life, and demonstrating their displeasure against the taxation and conscription imposed anew, and all of them ceased in the end when suppressed by Edo bakufu, domains, or the Meiji government.

• 慶長16年（1611年）3月に家康が秀頼に対し二条城での会見を迫った時には、いまなお豊臣家が主筋と自負して強硬に反対した淀殿を加藤清正や浅野幸長とともに説得し、秀頼の上洛を実現させた。
• In March 1611, when Ieyasu pressured Hideyori to come to meet him at the Nijo-jo Castle, together with Kiyomasa KATO and Yoshinaga ASANO, he persuaded Yodo-dono who strongly opposed to it by saying that the Toyotomi family was the main lineage, and succeeded in making Hideyori's procession to Kyoto.

• 不服申立てに係る開示決定等を変更し、当該開示決定等に係る保有個人情報を開示する旨の裁決又は決定（第三者である参加人が当該第三者に関する情報の開示に反対の意思を表示している場合に限る。）
• A determination or decision altering the Disclosure Decision, etc. pertaining to an appeal to the effect of disclosing the Retained Personal Information pertaining to that Disclosure Decision, etc. (limited to the case in which an intervenor who is a Third Party has manifested an intention to oppose the disclosure of the information concerning the Third Party)

• 第百五十六条第三項において準用する第百五十五条第四項の規定により資産流動化計画の変更に反対する旨を特定目的会社に対し通知した特定約束手形の所持人に係る特定約束手形に係る債務の額の合計額
• the total amount of obligations undertaken in relation to Specified Promissory Notes pertaining to the holders of Specified Promissory Notes who have notified the Specific Purpose Company of their dissent to the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan pursuant to Article 155(4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 156(3); and

• これに対し、物部尾輿・中臣鎌子らは「我が国の王の天下のもとには、天地に180の神がいます。今改めて蕃神を拝せば、国神たちの怒りをかう恐れがあります」と反対したという（崇仏・廃仏論争）。
• On the contrary, MONONOBE no Okoshi, NAKATOMI no Kamako, and others were said to oppose this as 'There are 180 gods in the world of this county under the king. If we worship Adashinokuninokami, we might suffer from the anger of this country's gods' (The dispute on the worship or the exclusion of Buddha).

• このような状況の中で、1911年（宣統3年 干支 辛亥）に清の四川省で発生した鉄道国有化の反対運動をきっかけとして、先述の中国革命同盟会が独立を宣言して中華民国を建国した（辛亥革命）。
• It was under such conditions that an uprising broke out in 1911 ('Xinhai Year' in the sexagenary cycle of the Chinese calendar) in Szechwan Province, opposing railway nationalization by the imperial government, and led to the declaration of independence and establishment of the Republic of China by the aforementioned Chinese Revolutionary Alliance (Xinhai Revolution).

• この西郷の使節派遣に賛同したのが板垣退助、後藤象二郎、江藤新平、副島種臣、桐野利秋らであり、反対したのが大久保利通、岩倉具視、木戸孝允、伊藤博文、大隈重信、大木喬任、黒田清隆らである。
• Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shojiro GOTO, Shinpei ETO, Taneomi SOEJIMA, and Toshiaki KIRINO agreed to Saigo's envoy dispatch, and people who have opposed were Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO, Hirobumi ITO, Shigenobu OKUMA, Takato OKI, and Kiyotaka KURODA.

• 1690年（元禄3年）1月にようやく念願の関白に就任し、東山天皇治世の朝廷政治において権勢をふるい、霊元上皇が朝廷権威の復興を企図したのに対し、「親幕派」としてことごとくこれに反対した。
• He was finally assigned to his long-wished Kanpaku in February 1690 to authorize the Imperial Court of Emperor Higashiyama, and he opposed the Retired Emperor Reigen's attempt to regain power, by labeling him a member of the 'pro-bakufu clique.'

• 1876年10月24日に旧肥後藩の士族太田黒伴雄（おおたぐろともお）、加屋霽堅（かやはるかた）、斎藤求三郎ら、約170名によって結成された「敬神党」により廃刀令に反対して起こされた反乱。
• A rebellion against the law banning the wearing of swords, started on October 24, 1876 by the 'Keishin-to' party, which was formed by about 170 people including Tomoo OTAGURO, Harukata KAYA and Kyuzaburo SAITO from the warrior class in the former Higo Domain.

• 立命館大学『学園通信校友版』「百二十年の歴史を訪ねて」によると、同省は滝川を弾圧すると末川が反対に乗り出すことを予想し、むしろ弾圧の本命を末川としていたとする説もあることを紹介している。
• According to the Ritsumeikan University's 'Gakuen Tsushin Koyu edition, Revisiting the 120 years of History,' the ministry assumed that accusing Takigawa would put Suekawa in the opposition and that there is a theory that Suekawa was the real target of oppression.

• ところで、最古の埴輪である都月形円筒埴輪と最古の前方後円墳の副葬品とされる大陸製の三角縁神獣鏡とが、同じ墓から出土しないで、前者が出ると後者が出ないし、その反対もあることが知られていた。
• By the way, it was known that Totsuki-style cylindrical Haniwa, which are the oldest Haniwa, and Sankakubuchi Shinjukyo Mirror (triangular-rimmed mirror) made in continent, which are thought to be the oldest burial goods of large keyhole-shaped tomb mound, were not found in the same tomb, that is, when the former were unearthed from a tomb, the latter were not found there, and vice versa.

• また、宗全がかねてから反対していた赤松氏の再興問題に関しても、勝元は積極的にこれを支援し、ついには赤松政則（赤松満祐の弟赤松義雅の孫）を加賀国半国の守護と成し、赤松家を再興させたのである。
• Also, as for the issue regarding the rebuilding of the Akamatsu clan that Sozen had opposed, Katsumoto actively supported the rebuilding of the family, put Masanori AKAMATSU (the grandson of Yoshimasa AKAMATSU and a brother of Mitsusuke AKAMATSU) in charge of half of Kaga Province, and finally realized the rebuilding of the family.

• 続いて、中央集権体制の近代国家にとって国民軍の創出が必要と認識され、西郷隆盛も最終的には山縣の考え方を支持して、山城屋事件で山縣が辞職に追い込まれた後も、西郷は桐野利秋らの反対論を退けた。
• Subsequently, the necessity to create a national army for a modern nation under centralized administrative framework was recognized, and Takamori SAIGO finally supported Yamagata's opinion and turned down the opposing opinions by Toshiaki KIRINO and others, even after Yamagata was forced into resignation due to the Yamashiroya incident.

• そこで、家慶は水戸藩徳川斉昭の子で一橋家を継いでいた徳川慶喜（一橋慶喜）を養子とする事を考えたが、老中阿部正弘の反対で思いとどまり、家定に不測の事態が起きた際に慶喜を後継とすることとした。
• Ieyoshi considered adopting Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI), a son of Nariaki TOKUGAWA of the Mito Domain, who succeeded the Hitotsubashi family, but was persuaded not to do so by roju (senior councilor) Masahiro ABE, and made a decision to make Yoshinobu an heir if an unexpected accident occurred on Iesada.

• 用明天皇2年夏4月2日磐余河上の新嘗祭に病で帰った用明天皇が三宝を敬うことを検討するよう家臣にいったさい、中臣勝海連とともに国神に叛き他神を敬うことはできず聞いた事もないと反対したとある。
• On April 2, 587, when the Emperor came back from the Niname Festival, held in Iware, due to his health condition and made his request to discuss among his retainers about his desire to worship Buddhism, Moriya and NAKATOMI no Katsumi disagreed strongly saying that one could not worship a God of a foreign country when one has his own.

• また、ブルジョワ自由主義・ダーウィニズム的文明史観の立場から私有財産の永続性と個人の自由を人類史の到達点とみなして、社会主義や軍国主義には強く反対して以後の彼の政治活動を規定するに至った。
• He also considered that the perpetual security of private properties and the individual freedom was the final goal in the human history, from the bourgeois liberalism and Darwinian historical view point on the civilization; and after that this view became the basis of his political activity, based on which he was strongly opposed to the socialism and militarism.

• これには諸説あり、小山田信茂は武田家と主従関係でなく盟友関係にあり、郡内領を有する一大名という考え方から、戦禍を恐れる領民の反対などを受け、領地を守るためにとった行動であるという説がある。
• There are different explanations for this attack, one of which is that Nobushige OYAMADA was not a vassal of the Takeda family but its ally and that as the lord of an independent territory, he was obliged to protect his territory and its residents from war damage.

• 鉱毒反対運動は、谷中村の廃村や、渡良瀬川の大工事による洪水の減少などによりしだいに弱まり、特に1902年以降、足利郡、梁田郡、安蘇郡、下都賀郡、邑楽郡の鉱毒被害地が豊作になると弱体化した。
• The movement against the mining pollution was gradually weakened due to the closure of Yanaka Village and the decrease of floods as the results of the large-scale constructions along Watarase-gawa River, and especially after 1902 when there was a good harvest in the damaged areas including Ashikaga County, Yanada County, Aso County, Shimotsuga County, Oura County, the movement became very weak.

• その後の三国干渉に際しては、御前会議で推進された列国会議開催による干渉阻止案にあくまでも反対して、列強からの干渉を排して戦争の成果を多く日本に留める事に専念するために遼東半島返還を決断した。
• In the later Triple Intervention, he stood firm against the plan of preventing intervention by convening of the conference of the nations of the world that was promoted in the conference in the presence of the emperor, and decided to return the Liaodong Peninsula in order to concentrate on leaving the results of the war in Japan as much as possible, eliminating the intervention from the world powers.

• 一方、民党に対峙する吏党もこの方針には一概に反対ではなかったが、地租の削減よりも現実的な地租納期の端境期への変更（米価が高い時期に換金して納税すれば、結果的に農民の負担は軽くなる）を求めた。
• On the other hand, Rito (pro-government political parties) opposing Minto, did not generally disagreed with this principle and demanded to shift the land tax payday to the pre-harvest months (the burden on peasants would be reduced if rice is exchanged to cash while the rice price was high for paying tax), which was more feasible than reducing land tax.

• 義真から天台教学を学び、義真の没後は義真に代わって後にいう天台座主を私に襲うも宗徒の反対にあい、大和国室生山寺に住し、いわゆる「室生天台」を現出させた「円修」とは別人（逵日出典の著作参照）。
• He is not the same 'Shuen' who studied the Tendai Sect teachings under Gishin before declaring himself Tendai Zasu (Chief Tendai Sect Abbot) after his master's death in the face of opposition from sect followers, reside at Murosan-ji Temple in Yamato Province, and give rise to so-called 'Muro Tendai' (refer to the works of Hidenori TSUJI).

• だが、これに反対する成身院光宣とその一族である筒井氏がこれに抵抗し、嘉吉4年（1444年）に大和の国人を結集させて筒井順永の討伐を命じるが敗れ、逆に奈良の支配を目指す筒井順永の攻撃を受ける。
• But the opposition forces, Joshinin Kosen and his relatives the Tsutsui clan, were against this and gathered people from Yamato Province to kill Junei TSUTSUI in 1444, however after failing in this they were instead attacked by Junei TSUTSUI who was aiming to govern Nara Province.

• これらのことから、この教えでしか救われず、他の教えによれば罰あるいは仏罰が出る、などと煽り、自我功利的な教えを宣揚するのは、カルト集団における観念的脅迫でしかない、という反対論や批判もある。
• For these reasons, the agitations that people can be relieved only by a certain teaching and that the belief in other teachings causes punishment or Butsubachi, and enhancements of the self-expedient teaching are opposed and criticized as just ideological threats of cults.

• 後に如乗は兄・存如死後の家督争いで庶長子の蓮如の才能を見込んで反対派を押さえ込んで後継者に擁立した事があり、如乗の死後にその未亡人の要請で本泉寺の寺号を与えるとともに蓮乗を派遣したのである。
• Later, when Nyojo's brother Zonnyo died and there was a conflict in deciding upon a successor for his position, once Nyojo appointed Rennyo as his brother's successor, since he thought the oldest son Rennyo had the talent for it, even the opposition went against it, and after Nyojo died his mistress wanted to bestow the jigo (literally, 'temple name,' which is the title given to a Buddhist temple) of Honsen-ji Temple and sent Renjo there.

• なお、女性問題で秀吉が激怒したと言うのはルイス・フロイスの『日本史』に書かれているが、フロイスは秀吉に限らずキリスト教に反対した人物への評価が偏りがちになるため、その点を割り引く必要がある。
• Moreover, Luis Frois described in 'Historia de Japan' (History of Japan) that Hideyoshi was furious due to a female issue, but he was often biased toward not only Hideyoshi, but also those against Christianity, therefore, it is necessary take that into consideration.

• 大本営陸軍部の大本営組織をつとめる石黒忠悳（軍医総監・陸軍省医務局）や軍医部長の一人森鴎外医学功績と脚気問題から見た再評価（森鴎外）などが科学的根拠がないとして、麦飯の支給に強硬に反対した。
• Tadanori ISHIGURO responsible for the entire system of the Army of the Imperial headquarters (surgeon general of Medical department of Ministry of Army) and one of directors of army surgeons, Ogai MORI and other surgeons were strongly opposed to supplying barley rice; suggesting that reevaluation in view of medical achievements and beriberi Ogai MORI) lacks scientific evidence.

• 大正政変は、山縣有朋・桂率いる陸軍・長州閥が第2次西園寺内閣を倒閣し、これに反対する民衆運動が政党組織や優詔政策といった小手先の政策で交わそうとする「閥族内閣」を打倒したというイメージが強い。
• The typical image of the Taisho Seihen is the public movement that toppled the 'clique-ruling Cabinet' formed by the Japanese Army and the former Choshu Domain clique, led by Aritomo YAMAGATA and Taro KATSURA respectively, because the public took objection to the Cabinet which, after overthrowing of the second Saionji Cabinet, tried to silence the public voices by fiddling measures such as the party politics and the Imperial Edict Tactics.

• 永祚 (日本)元年（989年）、円融法皇の反対を押し切って長男・道隆を内大臣に任命して、律令制史上初めての「大臣4人制」を実現させ、更にこの年に頼忠が死去すると、その後任の太政大臣に就任した。
• In 989, in spite of Emperor Enyu's objection, Kaneie appointed his eldest son Michitaka Nai-daijin (Minister of the Center) to realize the first '4-minister system' in the history of Ritsuryo code-based politics, and after Yoritada died in the same year, Kaneie appointed himself Dajo-daijin to take over his post.

• 慶長19年（1614年）に始まる大坂の役で信繁は、当初籠城に反対し、京を抑え、宇治・瀬田 (大津市)（宇治川の瀬田橋付近）で積極的に迎え撃つよう主張した（知将である父・昌幸の策とも言われる）。
• In Osaka no Eki (the Siege of Osaka), which started in 1614, Nobushige was against the siege and insisted on fighting aggressively at Seta in Uji (Otsu City) (around Seta Bridge, which spanned the Uji-gawa River) at first (some say it was the strategy of his father Nobuyuki who was a knowledgeable warrior).

• 債務者が破産手続開始の申立てをした場合には、当該申立てと同時に免責許可の申立てをしたものとみなす。ただし、当該債務者が破産手続開始の申立ての際に反対の意思を表示しているときは、この限りでない。
• Where the debtor has filed a petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, he/she shall be deemed to have filed a petition for grant of discharge upon filing said petition; provided, however, that this shall not apply if the debtor, upon filing the petition for commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, has manifested his/her intention to the contrary.

• 平成11年（1999年）には広島県立世羅高等学校で卒業式当日に校長が自殺し、君が代斉唱や日章旗掲揚の文部省通達とそれに反対する日教組教職員との板挟みになっていたことが原因ではないかと言われた。
• In 1999, the principal of Hiroshima Prefectural SERA Senior High School committed suicide on the day of the commencement ceremony and it was rumored that the cause of this suicide was the fact that he had been caught in the middle of the instruction by the Ministry of Education chorus reading Kimigayo and raising the Japanese (rising sun) flag and opposing teachers who belonged to Nikkyoso.

• 蜷川府政の下、山間部や日本海側の開発は急激に進んだのだが、都心部では住民の開発反対運動の意向を蜷川が気にしたため（蜷川の支持母体は都市部の住民団体が多かった）、あまり手をつける事ができなかった。
• Under the Ninagawa administration, mountainous regions and the Japan Sea side area were developed drastically; in contrast, the inner city area was mostly left untouched due to Ninagawa's intention to respect sentiment among urban residents who drove campaigns against development (Ninagawa's power base included many residents' groups in the urban districts).

• 藤原道長が源倫子に求婚した折に夫の雅信は倫子を一条天皇の妃にしようと画策しており、これを断ろうとしたが、穆子が倫子と天皇とでは年齢的に不釣合いであるとしてこれに反対し、道長を婿に迎え入れさせた。
• When FUJIWARA no Michinaga proposed to MINAMOTO no Rinshi, Bokushi's husband Masanobu was planning to make Rinshi the Empress of Emperor Ichijo and tried to refuse the proposal, but Bokushi was against her husband because of the big age gap between Rinshi and the Emperor, and let Michinaga marry into her family as her son-in-law.

• しかし和議が整うと孝胤は千葉氏当主を自称できなくなり、山内上杉家に終生復讐を繰り返した長尾景春とともに、和議に反対し名目上は足利成氏を主君としながらもその古河御所への帰城は阻止する方針を固めた。
• Once the peace was established, however, Noritane was no longer able to declare himself the head of the Chiba clan, so he was against this peace negotiation together with Kageharu NAGAO, who repeatedly attempted to exact revenge on the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family throughout his life, and his nominal lord was still Shigeuji ASHIKAGA but he decided firmly to prevent Shigeuji from returning to the Koga Imperial Palace.

• 弟子の王畿はこれを発展させて心・意・知・物すべて無善無悪だとする四無説を主張したが、同門の銭徳洪は意・知・物については「善を為し悪を去る」自己修養が必要とした四有説を主張してこれに反対している。
• His disciple, O Ki, evolved this to preach shimu-setsu (four containing no-evil theory), which viewed the mind, wish, wisdom, and things as all being no good, no evil, but his colleague, Sen Tokuko, opposed this, advocating shiyu-setsu (four containing evil theory), which viewed that wish, wisdom, and things required self-training to 'be good and fight off evil.'

• 尊融法親王は日米修好通商条約の勅許に反対し、将軍徳川家定の後継者問題では徳川慶喜を支持したことなどから大老井伊直弼に目を付けられ、安政6年（1859年）には安政の大獄で「隠居永蟄居」を命じられる。
• In 1859, during the Ansei Purge that resulted from the question of who should succeed Shogun Iesada TOKUGAWA, Tairo (chief minister) Naosuke II condemned Cloistered Imperial Prince Sonyu (Asahiko), who opposed the Court's sanctioning of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan and supported Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, to perpetual confinement (Inkyo eichikkyo).

• また摂家筆頭という血筋や、貴公子然とした端正な風貌（当時の日本人にあっては長身であった）に加えて、対英米協調外交に反対する現状打破主義的主張で、大衆的な人気も獲得し、早くから首相待望論が聞かれた。
• Furthermore, in addition to his noble and handsome appearance (he was quite tall for a Japanese of the time) and the fact that he was from the top-ranking Sekke family, he advocated overturning the diplomatic status quo and was popular with the public and was soon being mentioned as a Prime Minister-in-waiting.

• だが、翌年黒田が行った「超然主義演説」や山縣有朋らの反対、条約改正を巡る井上自身と黒田との対立もあって運動は低調となり、1889年夏には事実上計画は中止され、『自治新報』も1890年に廃刊された。
• However, the movement cooled down due to 'the doctrine of superiority' of Kuroda, the opposition of Aritomo YAMAGATA, as well as the conflict between Inoue and Kuroda regarding the treaty revision, and the plan was abolished in the summer of 1889 while 'Jichisei Shinpo' discontinued publication in 1890.

• またこの際に、宇治田原自動車の計画に対し「当社の大久保経由の路線を開設させない限り、（途中の経路が違うとは言え）宇治田原自動車の淀乗り入れには反対する」と京阪バス社内でも強く意見があった事もある。
• Also within Keihan Bus Company, there was strong opposition against the plan of Uji Tawara Jidosha, stating that the 'extension of Uji Tawara Jidosha's service into Yodo should not be allowed unless our (Keihan's) plan to open a new line from Yodo to Uji via Okubo is permitted (though each line would use a different intermediate route.)'

• しかしその頃、時を同じくして船によって琵琶湖を渡っていた丹羽長秀が「一度坂本に戻るべし」という部下の反対にあうも機は今を置いて他に無いと判断し、進路を変更して海津への上陸を敢行した事で戦局は一変。
• However, Nagahide NIWA, who was then crossing Lake Biwa by boat, decided that now was the time; despite objections from his subordinates that he should return to Sakamoto for the present, Nagahide changed his course and ventured a landing on Kaizu, which decisively turned the tide of the battle.

• そのため、政府内にも島津久光を筆頭に前原一誠・桐野利秋ら保守的な反対論者を多数抱えており、また西郷隆盛も「壮兵」といって、中下層士族の立場を考慮した志願兵制度を構想していて徴兵制には消極的であった。
• Therefore, there were a lot of conservative people against it within the government, with Hisamitsu SHIMAZU as the leader, Issei MAEBARA, Toshiaki KIRINO and others, and Takamori SAIGO took a passive stance for conscription because he had his own plan of the volunteer 'sohei' military system in consideration of the middle to lower class samurai.

• これに対して東洋自由党・同盟倶楽部・立憲改進党・国民協会_(日本)・政務調査会_(明治時代の政党)の5党派がこれに呼応して、「日英通商航海条約締結の反対」・「清国への早期開戦」を掲げて共闘を約した。
• East Liberal Party, Alliance Club, the Constitutional Progressive Party, National Association (Japan), and Policy Affairs Research Council (political party in the Meiji Period) were allied and advocated 'Opposition to the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation' and 'Quick Start of War against Qing' and form a united.

• 澄元の死後はその嫡男・細川晴元を支持し、享禄4年（1531年）に高国が戦死すると、晴元から守護職に復帰することを許され、以後は晴元派として行動するようになり、領国内の反対派鎮圧のため度々に下向した。
• After the death of Sumimoto, Mototsune supported Sumimoto's heir Harumoto HOSOKAWA, and when Takakuni was killed in action in 1531, Mototsune was allowed to regain the title of shugo by Harumoto, and since then he acted as a pro-Harumoto samurai and repeatedly mobilized his army to crush the antagonistic groups in the domain.

• 現在の駅舎を建設する際、大阪方面行ホーム東端付近（地下）から京福電鉄西院駅前（地上）までの地下通路と改札口が新たに計画され整備されていたが、地元商店街の反対により、結局、使用中止となった過去がある。
• When the current station building was constructed, the construction of an underground passage connecting the east end of the platform for Osaka (underground) and Sai Station, as operated by the Keifuku Electric Railroad Co., Ltd., and a ticket gate had been planned and put to work; however, the construction was eventually halted due to opposition by the local people working in the local shopping areas.

• 五代友厚に浜寺公園へ案内された大久保は、堺県県令税所篤が、園内の松を伐採して住宅地として開発しようとするのを知り、「音に聞く 高師の浜のはま松も 世のあだ波は のがれざりけり」と反対する歌を詠んだ。
• When OKUBO was guided to Hamadera park by Tomoatsu GODAI, he knew that Atsushi SAISHO, Sakai prefectural governor planned to cut pine trees and use the park for a residential area, so he composed a haiku (Japanese poem) saying 'Even the pine trees on the famous Takasi sands are not able to escape noisy ripples in the world, opposing the residence plan'.

• せっかく苦労して築いてきた堺幕府の放棄にも等しい六郎（のちの晴元）の決断には、河内の畠山義堯（六郎の義兄弟）と共に断固反対したが、聞き容れてもらえなかったばかりか、かえって大きな溝をつくってしまう。
• Together with Yoshitaka HATAKEYAMA (a brother-in-law of Rokuro) in Kawachi, Motonaga solidly opposed the decision of Rokuro (Harumoto) that equaled the abandonment of the Sakaikubo government they had spent a great deal of efforts to build, but instead of being accepted, Motonaga's opinion resulted in making a big gulf between him and Rokuro.

• 反対運動が最も盛んになったのは、1896年の洪水以降で、田中正造の主導の元、10月4日、群馬県邑楽郡渡瀬村 (群馬県)（現在の館林市下早川田町）にある雲龍寺に、栃木・群馬両県の鉱毒事務所が作られた。
• The movement against the pollution gathered pace after the floods in 1896, and October 4, under the leadership of Shozo TANAKA, the mining pollution office of Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture was estavlished in Unryu-ji Temple in Watarase Village, Oura County, Gunma Prefecture (present Shimohayakawada-cho, Tatebayashi City).

• 大日本協会の動きに対して東洋自由党・同盟倶楽部・立憲改進党・国民協会・政務調査会_(明治時代の政党)の5党派がこれに呼応して、「日英通商航海条約締結の反対」・「清国への早期開戦」を掲げて共闘を約した。
• The Toyo Jiyuto (Oriental Liberal Party), the Domei Club (Alliance Club), the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Progressive Party), the Kokumin Kyokai, and the Policy Affairs Research Council of the five parties of the Meiji period, promised to bond together to fight in response to the Dai Nihon Kyokai's campaign, chanting slogans such as 'protesting the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation' and 'wage a early war against Qing.'

• 今日では世直しを求める側面や一揆の動機・目的・要求などに大きな差があること、全てが一揆の形態ではなく、自由民権運動との連携を通じた署名・意見書などの提出による合法的な反対闘争の存在などが分かっている。
• Recent studies show that some revolts had aspects of social reform; motives, purposes and requirements of the revolts varied; and some of them did not take a form of revolt but a form of legal conflict, such as submitting signatures and written opinions in cooperation with Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).

• 大浜騒動（おおはまそうどう）は、明治4年（1871年）に三河国碧海郡南部の鷲塚（現在の愛知県碧南市）で起こった暴動で廃仏毀釈に反対する運動の一つであるが計画的なものでは無く偶発的に起こったものである。
• Ohama Riot was the riot in Washizuka, Aomi County, Mikawa Province (currently Hekinan City, Aichi Prefecture) in 1871, although it was one of the protest movements against Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), it was an undesigned and incidental riot.

• 1998年の憲政党による第1次大隈内閣の成立した事に危機感を抱いた高橋新吉_(英学者)・坊城俊章・有地品之允ら少数の純無所属議員が政党内閣に反対して超然主義を擁護するために結成した集団が原点であった。
• It was based on a group which was formed against party cabinet and for protecting the nonparty principle by a small number of the Pure Independents such as Shinkichi TAKAHASHI (scholar), Toshiaya BOJO and Shinanojo ARICHI who had felt a crisis of the establishment of the first Okuma Cabinet by the Kenseito (Constitutional Party) in 1898.

• しかしこのクーデター的家督移譲には不明瞭なところが多く、久政は隠居してもなおも発言力を持ちつづけ、父以来の朝倉氏との友好関係に固執し、新興勢力の織田氏との同盟関係の構築には終始反対しつづけたとされる。
• However, this coup-like transfer of power has some ambiguous aspects: it is said that Hisamasa maintained a big voice even after his retirement and continued to oppose the establishment of an alliance with an emerging force, the Oda clan, sticking to the amicable relationship with the Asakura clan, which had been maintained since his father was in power.

• 義満の死後には朝廷から「鹿苑院太上法皇」の称号を贈られるが、4代将軍となった子の義持は斯波義将らの反対もあり辞退している（その一方で相国寺は受け入れたらしく、過去帳に「鹿苑院太上天皇」と記されている）。
• After the death of Yoshimitsu, the title 'Rokuonin Daijohoo (Cloistered Emperor)' was granted from the Imperial Court, but his son Yoshimochi, who became the fourth Shogun, declined the offer partly because Yoshiyuki (Yoshimasa) SHIBA and others opposed accepting the title (on the other hand, his family temple, Shokoku-ji Temple seems to have accepted the title and therefore, Yoshimitsu's name is registered as 'Rokuonin Daijo Tenno' in the temple's death register).

• これには国家が利益追求を行って庶民から財を貪るものだとして儒学者から反対の声が上がり、次の昭帝 (漢)の代にはこの政策の賛否を巡る論争会が開かれた（この論争を纏めたのが『塩鉄論』であると言われている）。
• Confucian scholars protested agasint this policy, saying that the nation was pursuing profits and depriving the property of the common people, so the next Emperor Zhao (Han) held a debate to discuss the pros and cons of this policy (it is said that this debate was summarized into 'Discourses on Salt and Iron').

• 平成二十年六月五日以後に従前の届出をした者については、法務大臣に対して反対の意思を表示した場合を除き、施行日に前条第一項の規定による届出をしたものとみなして、同項及び同条第三項ただし書の規定を適用する。
• Except where a contrary intention is indicated to the Minister of Justice, a person making a former notification on or after June 5, 2008 shall be deemed to have made the notification provided for in the provision in the preceding Article, paragraph (1) on the enforcement date, and the provisions of said paragraph and said Article, paragraph (3), proviso shall apply.

• 入信を断った場合に、非合法な物理力の行使による信仰の強制（もしくは拒否）や団体への寄付は勿論、勧誘した側の信仰を反対する親類への弱みに付け込んだ慰謝料を口実とした恐喝等と言った犯罪に発展することもある。
• If the inducement to the religion is rejected, then it may turn to a crime, which is first of all the forced affiliation to (or rejection of) the religion or donation to the organization by exertion of unlawful physical power, or which is blackmail with the excuse of payment for pain and suffering exploiting the weak point of the relatives opposing the religious belief, or the like.

• 前項に規定する場合において、相手方は、破産者の受けた反対給付が破産財団中に現存するときは、その返還を請求することができ、現存しないときは、その価額について財団債権者としてその権利を行使することができる。
• In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the counter party, if the counter-performance received by the bankrupt still exists in the bankruptcy estate, may request the return thereof, and if it does not exist in the bankruptcy estate, may exercise his/her right over its value as a holder of claim on the estate.

• 慶応3年（1867年）には、島津久光や前土佐藩主の山内豊信（容堂）、宇和島藩主・伊達宗城らと四侯会議を開き、朝敵となった長州の処分について話し合い、春嶽は長州征伐には反対するが、2次に渡る長州征伐に至る。
• In 1867, he held the Shiko-kaigi (four major lords' meeting) with Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, Toyoshige YAMAUCHI, who was the former lord of the Tosa Domain, and Munenari DATE, who was the lord of the Uwajima DomainE to discuss punishment on the Emperor's enemy, the Choshu Domain, which resulted in the twice Choshu conquest although Shungaku opposed it.

• しかし、同藩の桂小五郎（のちの木戸孝允）や久坂玄瑞、久留米の神官・真木和泉ら尊王攘夷派は、幕府の権力強化につながるこの策に猛反対し、長井は失脚させられて、以後長州の藩論は尊王攘夷の最過激派へと転換される。
• However, Kogoro KATSURA (later Koin KIDO) and Genzui KUSAKA from the Choshu clan, and people of Sonno Joi ha, such as Izumi MAKI of Kurume, firmly opposed this policy because they thought it would lead to a restrengthening of the bakufu's power, and thus they brought down Nagai, and the Choshu clan returned to the radical Sonno Joi philosophy of restoring power to the emperor and expelling foreigners.

• だが、元の日本侵略の要因として経済的な利権を求めたことが挙げられるように、元側に日本との経済的関係を望む意向が強く、反対に日本側も日宋貿易によって確立された中国大陸との経済的関係の維持を望む意向が強かった。
• However, one of the reasons why Yuan Dynasty wanted to invade Japan was to gain the economic advantage; therefore, Yuan Dynasty was eager to establish the economic ties with Japan and Japan also had a strong desire to maintain the economic ties with the Chinese continent established by the trade between Japan and Sung Dynasty in China.

• 1205年（元久2）には有力御家人の畠山重忠父子を謀反の罪で滅ぼし、さらに同年旧暦7月には後妻の牧の方と共謀して娘婿にあたる平賀朝雅を新将軍として擁立しようとしたが、子の北条義時と政子の反対にあって失敗した。
• In 1205, he eliminated senior vassals Shigetada HATAKEYAMA and his son based on the charge of treachery and tried to put Tomomasa HIRAGA, his son-in-law, in the position of shogun in cooperation with his second wife Maki no Kata (Lady Maki) in July of the same year (in the lunar calendar); however, his attempt was thwarted by the opposition of his son Yoshitoki HOJO and daughter Masako.

• 岩倉具視は佐々木の天皇の意向を直接利用した方法には反対であったが、自分に相談無く政策を進める参議（伊藤・大隈）への牽制を目的にこれに乗る形で6月3日に明治天皇の勅諭を得ることによって大隈案を否定したのである。
• Implying to warn against Councilors (Ito and Okuma), who carried out policies without consulting him, Tomomi IWAKURA denied Okuma proposal by winning Emperor Meiji's instructions on June 3, taking advantage of Sasaki's move even though Iwakura opposed to Sasaki's way of directly exploiting Emperor's will.

• 道家は次の天皇として順徳天皇の皇子で自分の外甥に当たる忠成王を推薦したが、北条泰時がかつて承久の乱を起こした首謀者の系統を擁立することに反対して邦仁王（後嵯峨天皇）を擁立したため、これは実現せずして終わった。
• Michiie suggested his nephew (related to his wife), Prince Tadanari, who was the Imperial Prince of Emperor Juntoku as the next emperor, but this never realized since Yasutoki HOJO was opposed to ascending the bloodline of the ring leader of Jokyu Rebellion and promoted Prince Kunihito (Emperor Gosaga).

• 勝家はこれに反対したが、池田恒興や丹羽長秀らが秀吉を支持し、さらに秀吉が幼少の三法師を信孝が後見人とすべきであるという妥協案を提示したため、勝家も秀吉の意見に従わざるを得なくなり、三法師が信長の後継者となった。
• Katsuie disagreed with Hideyoshi but had to follow him because Tuneoki IKEDA and Nagahide NIWA supported Hideyoshi and Hideyoshi showed a compromise to put Nobutaka as young Sanposhi's guardian, so Sanposhi became Nobunaga's heir.

• 729年に長屋王の変が起こり長屋王は自害するが、これは四兄弟が自分達の異母妹で天皇の妃である光明子を史上初の皇族以外出自の皇后に立てるため、それに反対する長屋王を讒言により陥れた陰謀事件であったといわれている。
• The Nagayao no Hen (the Conspiracy of Nagayao) in 729, which led to his suicide, is believed to have been a conspiracy organized by the four brothers in order to slander and expel Nagayao, who had been opposed to their attempt to make Komyoshi, their half-sister and the Emperor's wife, the first Empress chosen from outside the Imperial Family.

• 朝鮮の文化にも深い理解を寄せ、京城において道路拡張のため李氏朝鮮時代の旧王宮である景福宮の光化門が取壊されそうになると、これに反対する評論「失はれんとする一朝鮮建築のために」を雑誌『改造 (雑誌)』に寄稿した。
• He had a great understanding of Korean culture and when Gwanghwamun of the former imperial palace of the Yi Dynasty Korea period was about to be destroyed due to the widening of the road, he wrote a criticism 'do not lose it for the unified Korean establishment' in a magazine, 'Kaizo' (Reconstruction).

• この寒修行満願の日（2月3日）前後に関して文明は、仕事をやめて宗教の道に入る不安が夫婦ともにあり、片一方が仏道を提唱すると片一方は反対し、また逆になったりして、仏と人間との斗（たたか）いであったと回想している。
• He looked back on the days around the completion day of the vow (February 3) in kanshugyo (ascetic practices in cold weather), saying that the coupled feeling uncertainty of devoting themselves to the field of religion were as if they had fought between Buddha and a man; one proposed to get devoted to the religion while the other opposed to it and vice versa.

• 近年の研究では、義経が平氏追討から外されたのは、後年の編纂書『吾妻鏡』が記すような無断任官による頼朝の怒りのためではなく、京都の治安維持に義経が必要であり、法皇や貴族たちの強い反対があったためと考えられている。
• According to recent studies, it is thought that Yoshitsune was dismissed from the army to search out and kill the Taira clan not because Yoritomo resented the appointment of Yoshitsune without his permission (as described in 'Azuma Kagami,' which was compiled in later years), but because Yoshitsune was needed to maintain the security of Kyoto and the Cloistered Emperor and nobles were strongly against it.

• 昭和37年6月21日、折からの大学管理制度改革（文部大臣（当時）による国立大学の学長選任権及び監督権を強化する内容が含まれていた）に対して反対するデモが、京都府学生自治会連合（京都府学連）の主宰により行われた。
• On June 21 in 1962, the student union of Kyoto Prefecture organized the demonstration against the reform of university management because it included more authority of the Ministry of Education (at the time) to assign and control the presidents of the national universities.

• 正中 (元号)3年（1326年）3月、出家した高時の後継者を巡り、高時の妾で御内人の娘が産んだ北条邦時を推す長崎氏に対し、高時の舅である時顕と安達一族が反対して高時の弟北条泰家を推す対立が起こった（嘉暦の騒動）。
• When the position of regent was vacant after Takatoki became a monk in March 1326, the Nagasaki family who recommended Kunitoki HOJO, the son of Takatoki' mistress who was a daughter of his vassal had a conflict with the father of Takatoki's wife, Tokiaki and the Adachi family who recommended Takatoki's brother, Yasuie HOJO (Karyaku Rebellion).

• 2005年11月3日、大峰山の女人禁制に反対する人々が結成した「大峰山に登ろうプロジェクト」（以下、プロジェクト）のメンバーが、大峯山登山のために現地を訪れ、寺院側に質問書を提出し、解禁を求めたが不調に終わった。
• On November 3, 2005, the members of 'a project to climb Mt. Omine-san,' which was set up by dissenters against the nyonin kinsei of Mt. Omine-san, visited the spot in order to climb Mt. Omine-san, and requested the release to the temple's side by submitting a questionnaire, but it ended in failure.

• かつて加賀一向一揆が守護富樫政親を攻め滅ぼした際に征夷大将軍足利義尚が本願寺に討伐令を下そうとしていた折に政元がこれに強く反対して討伐令を撤回させたという経緯があったために、実如は大きな恩義を感じていたのである。
• Formerly, after forces of the Kaga Ikko Ikki (a popular revolt by the Ikko sect) attacked and destroyed the Shugo (provincial constable) Masachika TOGASHI, just as the seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA was preparing to issue an order to destroy Hongan-ji Temple, Masamoto came out strongly against issuing such an order and managed to have the order repealed, and because of this chain of events, Jitsunyo felt a major debt of gratitude towards Masamoto.

• 同学会は天皇来学に際し、（当時の左翼勢力の主流がしていたように）天皇制反対を声高に訴えるのでなく「歓迎もしなければ拒否もしない」「（天皇を）一個人として迎える」という態度を取り、学生と天皇との会見を要求していた。
• For the Emperor's visit, Dogakukai took a position of 'We will neither welcome nor reject his visit' and 'We will receive (the Emperor) as an individual,' rather than vociferously appealing the abolition of the Imperial system (unlike other left-wing organizations which did so), and requested to meet the Emperor.

• これは田中義一が張作霖爆殺事件（満州某重大事件）の上奏の不一致を昭和天皇に叱責され内閣が総辞職した際、西園寺が天皇に累を及ぼすということを口実にして、天皇による田中への叱責に反対していたことから見ても明らかである。
• This can be clearly seen from the fact that Saionji, using the excuse that it would cast a harmful effect on the Emperor, opposed the Emperor's reprimand of Tanaka when all the cabinet members resigned after Showa Emperor reprimanded Giichi TANAKA for the discord of Joso upon the Incident of Blowing Up Zhang Zuolin to Death (a certain serious incident in Manchuria).

• 5月上旬、上野の彰義隊の打破と東山軍の奥羽白河城攻防戦の救援のどちらを優先するかに悩み、江戸守備を他藩にまかせて、配下の薩摩兵を率いて白河応援に赴こうとしたが、大村益次郎の反対にあい、上野攻撃を優先することにした。
• In the beginning of May, he was concerned about what the army should do first, the abolition of Shogitai in Ueno or the fierce battle of Ou-Shirakawa Castle, and he was depended upon to secure Edo for the other domain, and try to support Shirakawa with direct soldier of Satsuma, but he took attack Ueno first because of Masujiro OMORI's opposition.

• エルヴィン・フォン・ベルツが伊藤に婦人の服装の洋式化に対して反対意見を述べた際に、伊藤は「日本女性が和服で現れると、欧米人は彼女達を人間扱いせずに'御人形さん扱い'するではないか」と反論されたことを書き記している。
• Erwin von Bälz wrote that he was refuted by ITO's opinion, 'Japanese women may be 'treated like dolls' without being seen as human beings by Wetern people as they appears wearing wafuku (Japanese traditional clothes like kimono)' when he retorted about Europeanizing women's costume.

• また、天台・真言両宗の熱心な後援者であり、僧綱の強硬な反対に遭って難航していた最澄の独立大乗戒壇設立構想が、弘仁13年6月11日、勅許を得るに至ったのは、彼および藤原冬嗣、良峯安世、大伴国道らの尽力によるといわれる。
• He was a vehement supporter of both Tendai sect and Shingon sect of Buddhism, and that the Imperial sanction was given on June 11, 822 (lunar calendar date) to the project of the building of Daijo-Kaidan (Mahayana ordination center), which was tangling because Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs) strongly opposed, is said to be due to the efforts of FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu, YOSHIMINE no Yasuyo, OTOMO no Kunimichi and him.

• また、桃山御陵前駅の前後は、京都市も桃山御陵への参拝道に踏切が生じることを理由に反対したため地下線での建設を計画したが、伏見区の酒造組合が地下水の枯渇を理由に地下線での建設計画は頓挫し、残る高架方式での建設となった。
• Kyoto City also opposed the construction of a railway in the vicinity of Momoyama Goryo-mae Station, objecting to the railroad crossing that might be produced on the approach to the Momoyama Goryo Tomb; therefore, the company made a plan to construct a subway line, but that also failed because of the protest of the sake brewers association of Fushimi Ward, which was worried about the depletion of underground water, and finally as the last expedient, the railway was constructed with an elevated structure.

• 天慶2年（939年）2月、武蔵国へ新たに赴任した受領興世王と介源経基が、赴任早々に収奪を目的とし足立郡内に入ってきたため、武芝は「武蔵国では、正官の守の着任前に権官が国内の諸郡に入った前例はない」として、これに反対。
• In February, 939, Zuryo Okiyo-o (Prince Okiyo), the newly assigned governor for Musashi Province, and MINAMOTO no Tsunemoto entered Adachi County to take over the land immediately after they assigned to the area, and Takeshiba opposed them saying, 'in Musashi Province, there are no previous precedents in which gonkan (supernumerary position) enters a county before the assignment of 正官の守.'

• しかし、10月26日に安重根によって伊藤博文が暗殺されたことにより早期併合に反対する有力な政治家がいなくなったこと、および初代首相であり元老のひとりでもあった伊藤を暗殺されたことによって日本の世論が併合に傾いていった。
• However, the Japanese public opinion grew in favor of the annexation, because an influential statesmen objecting to the early annexation disappeared due to the assassination of Hirobumi ITO by An Jung-geun on October 26th, and ITO, who was the first prime minister and one of the elder statesmen, was assassinated.

• 即位説に反対して、谷川士清は安永3年（1774年）に『続大日本史私記』で水鏡の資料的価値に疑問をはさみ、即位のような大礼が天皇の死後すぐに行われたのは乱世でも考えにくいことで、乱が起きる前の時点ではなおさらだと論じた。
• Kotosuga TANIGAWA opposed to the enthronement theory and doubted the worth of Mizu Kagami as a historical material in 'Zoku Dainihonshi Shiki' (a commentary on Japanese history) in 1774 and asserted that it was inconceivable that a state ceremony of enthronement was held immediately after the death of the emperor even in a turbulent age, not to mention the war immediately followed the ceremony.

• 同年 黒田清隆が組閣すると大隈は留任するが、外国人判事を導入するという条約案が反対派の抵抗に遭い、明治22年（1889年）には国家主義組織玄洋社の一員である来島恒喜に爆弾による襲撃を受け、右脚を失うとともに、辞職した。
• When Kiyotaka KURODA formed a cabinet in the same year, Okuma continued in office, but the treaty plan which included the introduction of foreign judges was resisted by opposing factions, and Okuma was attacked with a bomb by Tsuneki KURUSIMA, a member of the Nationalist organization Genyosha in 1889, lost his right leg and resigned.

• 更に大工職を巡る相論や作事請負権を特権化させて反対に雇主に高い賃金を要求したことによって賃金の高騰や作業の遅滞・忌避が行われるようになり、永正7年（1510年）に室町幕府が大工職の撤廃を命じると次第に解体されていった。
• In addition, conflicts arose regarding Daikushiki and the contracting right for work was abused as a special privilege, which led to a steep rise of wages due to demanding high wages to the employer and led to delay and refusal of work, so the Muromachi bakufu (feudal government) ordered abolishment of the Daikushiki system, which was then gradually breaking down.

• 訴訟関係人は、立証すべき事項又は主尋問若しくは反対尋問に現れた事項に関連する事項について尋問する場合には、その関連性が明らかになるような尋問をすることその他の方法により、裁判所にその関連性を明らかにしなければならない。
• In cases where a person concerned in the case conducts his/her examination on any matter that is relevant to a matter to be proved or a matter mentioned in direct examination or cross examination, he/she shall clarify the relevancy to the court through his/her line of questioning or by any other method.

• 重大な約款の変更等がされる場合には、書面による決議において当該重大な約款の変更等に反対した受益者は、受託者に対し、自己の有する受益権を公正な価格で当該受益権に係る投資信託財産をもつて買い取ることを請求することができる。
• In cases where Material Changes to the Basic Terms and Conditions, etc. are to be made, a beneficiary who has dissented to any Material Changes to the Basic Terms and Conditions, etc. being made in the adoption of a written resolution is entitled to demand that the trustee purchase his/her beneficial interest at a fair price, from out of the Investment Trust Property pertaining to the beneficial interest.

• 平清盛は、高倉天皇と平家一門の反対を押し切って遷都を強行したが、それは宋 (王朝)との貿易拡大によって海洋国家の樹立を目指したためともいわれ、都市整備が進めば平氏政権による「福原幕府」のようなものになったとも言われる。
• TAIRA no Kiyomori forced through his plan for the transfer of the capital, despite objections from Emperor Takakura and the Taira family, and it is said that he was aiming to establish a maritime state by expanding trade with the Sung (dynasty), and that if the city had been built, a powerful feudal government under the control of the Taira clan, a kind of 'Fukuhara Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)', would have been established.

• そして天皇がこれに応じて弟の八条宮智仁親王に皇位を譲ろうとすると、家康はかつて親王が秀吉の猶子になったことがあるとして反対し、慶長16年（1611年）には後陽成天皇を廃して、皇位を後水尾天皇（後水尾天皇）に譲らせている。
• Then when the emperor tried to transfer the Imperial Throne to his younger brother, Imperial Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito, Ieyasu objected it saying that the prince had once become an adopted son of Hideyoshi, dethroned Emperor Goyozei in 1611 and transferred the Throne to Imperial Prince Kotohito (Emperor Gomizunoo).

• そこで近衛は対中撤兵による交渉に道を求めたが、これに反対する東条英機陸相は総辞職か国策要綱に基づく開戦を要求し、両者は東久邇宮稔彦王を次期首相に推すことで一致し、10月16日に内閣は投げ出され、10月18日に総辞職した。
• Konoe sought a path to a negotiation by withdrawing from China, but Minister of the Army Hideki TOJO, who opposed this, demanded either the resignation of all cabinet members or the start of war based on the national policy outline, so the two of them agreed on recommending Prince Higashikuninomiya Naruhiko as the next prime minister, and on October 16, the cabinet was dismantled, with the cabinet members resigning en masse on October 18.

• 旧摂関家の当主であった近衛篤麿（近衛文麿の父）を擁した対露同志会を始めとして、七博士建白事件における日露開戦論の高まり、戦後のポーツマス条約締結に反対する民衆による日比谷焼討事件など、対外硬派の影響によるところが大きい。
• What were largely due to the influence of Taigaiko group are the anti Russia comradeship with Atsumaro KONOE (the father of Fumimaro KONOE) who was the family head of the former Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), the fervor of theory of outbreak of Japanese -Russo War in the Incident of Shichihakase Kenpaku (movement of outbreak of Japanese-Russo War by seven doctors), and the Hibiya Incendiary Incident by the people who were against Treaty of Portsmouth.

• 帝国主義に関する点で、義和団はキリスト教集団（宣教師や中国人クリスチャン）との対立の中で彼等の持つ様々な特権（行政上あるいは司法上）に直面して、それらが帝国主義に由来することに自覚的となり反対運動を行ったと前者は論じる。
• The former argued that while the Boxers were resisting Christian groups (missionaries and Chinese Christians) they saw their various privileges (administration or justice) firsthand, became aware that they were derived from the empire doctrine, and started the opposition movement.

• 政治上の主義若しくは施策を推進し、支持し、又はこれに反対する目的をもつて、左の各号の罪の予備、陰謀若しくは教唆をなし、又はこれらの罪を実行させる目的をもつてするその罪のせん動をなした者は、三年以下の懲役又は禁こに処する。
• Any person who, with the intent to promote, support or oppose any political doctrine or policy, prepares, plots or induces any of the following offenses, or incites others to commit such an offense with the intent to cause it to be committed, shall be punished by imprisonment with or without work for a term not exceeding three years:

• いったんは、明治6年（1873年）8月に明治政府は西郷隆盛を使節として派遣することを決定するが、同年9月に帰国した岩倉使節団の大久保利通、岩倉具視・木戸孝允らは時期尚早としてこれに反対、同年10月に遣韓中止が決定された。
• The Meiji government once decided to send Takamori SAIGO as an ambassador to Korea in August 1873, but Toshimichi OKUBO, Tomomi IWAKURA, Takayoshi KIDO and other members of the Iwakura Mission who returned Japan in September 1873 opposed it because it was too early in their opinion, and the government finally decided to suspend to send Saigo to Korea.

• 元久2年（1205年）に父が後妻の牧の方と共謀して3代将軍・源実朝を廃して娘婿の平賀朝雅を新将軍に擁立しようとした陰謀（牧氏事件）には猛反対し、姉政子と共に父を強制的に幕府から排除して政所の別当となり、第2代執権となった。
• He violently opposed a conspiracy that came to be known as the Maki Clan Incident, which his father and Maki no kata (his father's second wife) collaboratively formed in 1205 with the intention of deposing the third shogun, MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, and helping Tomomasa HIRAGA, their daughter's husband, become the new shogun; he then forced his father to leave the shogunate in cooperation with his elder sister Masako, and became the second regent and director of the Administrative Office.

• これは結果的には大多数の農民の負担を高めることにつながり、また土地の所有者がおらず納税が困難な入会地が事実上、政府に没収されたことなどから伊勢暴動、真壁暴動など一揆（地租改正反対一揆）が頻発し、自由民権運動へ影響を与えた。
• In terms of the consequence, this high tax rate resulted in increasing the burden of majority of the farmers; therefore, peasant revolts against the land-tax reform erupted including the Ise Revolt, Makabe Revolt; the part of the reason these revolts occurred lied in that the government virtually confiscated common land (iriaichi) from which the government could not expect to receive taxes; these revolts gave influence to the Jiyu MInken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Right).

• 債権者の責めに帰すべき事由によって債務を履行することができなくなったときは、債務者は、反対給付を受ける権利を失わない。この場合において、自己の債務を免れたことによって利益を得たときは、これを債権者に償還しなければならない。
• If the performance of any obligation has become impossible due to reasons attributable to the obligee, the obligor shall not lose his/her right to receive performance in return. In such cases, if the obligor gains any benefit as a result of being released from his/her own obligation, the obligor must reimburse the obligee for the benefit.

• 満州事変勃発以降は、戦時体制・翼賛体制が強化されたことを勘案しても、満州国成立を容認・擁護し、昭和17年（1942年）に発表した『白櫻集』で、以前の歌「君死にたまうことなかれ」とは正反対に、戦争を美化し、鼓舞する歌を作った。
• After the Manchurian Incident broke out, by taking into consideration that the wartime regime and Yokusan Taisei (Support system of Taisei Yokusan-kai - Imperial Rule Assistance Association) were strengthened, she approved and supported the establishment of Manchukuo and in 'Hakuo-shu' that she published in 1942, she wrote poems that glorified and encouraged the war, completely opposite of her pervious work 'Kimi Shinitamou koto nakare.'

• 反対に、相模国（現神奈川県）には国内に藩庁を置く小田原藩や荻野山中藩、あるいは近隣の神奈川県や六浦藩（武蔵国）、韮山県（伊豆国）だけでなく、下野国（現栃木県）の烏山藩や三河国（現愛知県）の西大平藩などが管轄区域を持っていた。
• On the other hand, in the Sagami Province (today's Kanagawa Prefecture) were located Ogasawara Domain and Oginoyama Domain that placed their capitals in Sagami as well as jurisdictions of neighboring Kanagawa Prefecture, Mutsuura Domain (Musashi Province), Nirayama Prefecture (Izu Province), Karasuyama Domain (Shimotsuke Province, today's Tochigi Prefecture), and Nishi-ohira Domain in Mikawa Province (today's Aichi Prefecture).

• 彼らは直ちに親政府という訳ではなかった（例えば、政府の言論弾圧に対しては民党と協調して反対している）が、自由民権運動・大同団結運動に対して対峙するという立場では共通しており、結果論として政府と協調する路線を選ぶことになった。
• They were not entirely pro-government from the start (for example, they stood with the Minto party against the government's suppression of free speech) but they ultimately sided with the government as they held many of the same sentiments, especially in their opposition of the Jiyu Minken Undo and the Daido Ketsudan Undo.

• 反対派は土井利位を盟主に担いで上知令撤回と、水野忠邦の老中免職に動き出し、水野忠邦の主だった腹心達（町奉行鳥居耀蔵、勘定奉行榊原忠職）らも土井派に寝返り、鳥居に至っては忠邦の機密資料を残らず土井に流すという徹底ぶりであった。
• The opponents, appointing Toshitsura DOI as their leader, began to conspire revocation of Agechi-rei and dismissal of Tadakuni MIZUNO from Roju, and even Tadakuni's most trusted retainers (machi-bugyo (town magistrate) Yozo TORII and kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) Tadamoto SAKAKIBARA) revolted to DOI's side; TORII was so resolute that he passed all of Tadakuni's confidential materials to DOI.

• なおJR各社では、JR東日本が受注に積極的なのに対し、中華民国への技術供与を行ったJR東海の葛西敬之会長は、法整備が不十分な中華人民共和国においてトラブルが発生した場合の責任問題や技術流出の危惧から反対の意見を表明している。
• Of the JR companies, JR East has been active for acquiring orders, but Yoshiyuki KASAI, chairman of JR Tokai that offered technologies to Republic of China, made an announcement of declining to receive orders due to the liabilities that could be incurred when trouble occurs in the People's Republic of China, where laws concerned have not been established fully, and due to the apprehension of outflows of technologies.

• 当時、越後では守護上杉定実が伊達稙宗の子・伊達実元（伊達実元）を婿養子に迎える件で天文の乱が起こっており、越後の国人衆も養子縁組に賛成派と反対派に二分されていたが、兄の晴景は病弱なこともあって内紛を治めることはできなかった。
• During that time, the Tenbun War broke out in Echigo Province when Sadazane UESUGI, Shugo (a provincial military governer), was to adopt Sanemoto DATE, son of Tanemune DATE, as a son-in-law, and Kokujin-shu (powerful families in a province) in the province were divided in favor or opposing such an adoption, but Kenshin's brother, Harukage, could not settle this internal conflict due to his illness.

• 応長2年（1312年）、青蓮院の法智の勧めで「大谷廟堂（大谷影堂）」に「専修寺」の額を掲げるが、比叡山延暦寺の反対により撤去する。（この額を法智が、高田の如来堂に掲げたのが、「専修寺本寺専修寺」の寺号の起源とする説がある。）
• Though he hung out in 1312 the frame of 'Senju-ji Temple' at 'Otani Byodo Mausoleum (Otani Ei-do)) on the advice of Hochi of Shoren-in Temple, he later removed it because of the objection by Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei. (Some say that the origin of the temple name 'Senju-ji Temple Hon-ji Senju-ji Temple' derives from the fact that Hochi hung out this frame at Nyorai-do hall in Takada.)

• 盛名を良しとせず隠遁の道を選んだ高僧（冒頭の玄賓僧都の話など）をはじめ、心に迷いを生じたため往生し損なった聖、反対に俗世にありながら芸道に打ち込んで無我の境地に辿り着いた人々の生き様をまざまざと描き、編者の感想を加えている。
• It describes various people's lives very vividly including the tales about a high priest who did not desire fame and chose seclusion (such as the opening story on Genpin Sozu), about a high-ranking priest who failed to reach Ojo (birth in the Pure Land) due to hesitation, and about the common people in this world who devoted themselves to arts and reached Muga no Kyochi (the state of no-self); the writer also wrote his comments in each tales.

• しかも、「旧来の歳入を減じない」という方針によって3％という高額な税率が算定されたのである（なお、地租改正の推進派であった木戸孝允はこの高税率を聞くと、農民を幕藩体制よりも酷い状況に追い込むものだとして最後まで反対している）。
• Furthermore, by the policy of 'the tax revenue will be not be below that of the tax revenue that the Edo Shogunate received,' the high tax rate of 3% was calculated; upon hearing this high tax rate, Takayoshi KIDO opposed the rate up to the last minute saying that the rate will drive the farmers into the more dire situation than they faced under the Edo Shogunate government; yet he belonged to people who promoted land-tax reform actively.

• 延慶両卿訴陳状（えんけいりょうきょうそちんじょう）は、延慶 (日本)4年（1311年）、勅撰和歌集の選者として京極為兼が擬せられると、二条為世がこれに反対して訴陳し、すると為兼はこれに反発し、為世がこれにさらに駁したものである。
• Enkei Ryokyo Sochinjo (The Petition by Two Nobles of the Enkei Era) records Tameyo NIJO's petition against the nomination of Tamekane KYOGOKU, in 1311, as the selector of an imperial anthology of waka poems, Tamekane's subsequent petition against the Tamayo's appeal, and this latter's further rebuttal against the former.

• 例えば、「強きかな　天を恐れず　地に恥ぢぬ　戦をすなる　ますらたけをは」や、海軍大尉として出征する四男に対して詠んだ『君死にたまうことなかれ』とは正反対の意味となる「水軍の　大尉となりて　わが四郎　み軍にゆく　たけく戦へ」など。
• Such poems include 'How strong, without fear of the heaven, they act worthy of themselves, in battle, our brave men' or the one dedicated to her fourth son who went to the war as an naval captain, which had the completely opposite meaning to 'Kimi Shinitamou koto nakare:' 'As a naval captain, my son Shiro will join the Imperial force; Fight bravely.'

• それにもかかわらず、この条約を結んだことを理由に、野党の立憲政友会総裁の犬養毅と鳩山一郎が衆議院で、「軍令部の反対意見を無視した条約調印は統帥権の干犯である」と政府を攻撃、続いて枢密院議長倉富勇三郎もこれに同調する動きを見せた。
• Despite of the fact, the government concluded the treaty, so that Tsuyoshi INUKAI, the President of the Opposition Rikken seiyukai, and Ichiro HATOYAMA attacked the government at the House of Representatives appealing 'The conclusion of the treaty ignoring the opposite opinion given by the Army means the interference and violate of supreme command', and following that the Chairman of the Privy Council Yuzaburo KURATOMI showed his attitude to sympathize with that.

• しかし、沿線住民の反対運動などもあり、側道部分を環境施設帯に変更するとともに、住宅地の中を通過する京田辺松井ICから国道170号交点までの区間では本線部分も片側1車線に変更し、枚方バイパスの機能を補完するという現在の形になった。
• However, the plan was changed due to opposition from people living in the neighborhood; therefore, environmental facility zones were provided instead of the side lane, and the number of main lanes between the Kyotanabe-matsui Interchange and the intersection with National Highway Route No. 170 was reduced to one in each direction so that it now supplements the function of the Hirakata Bypass.

• それは大規模な区画整理と公園・幹線道路の整備を伴うもので13億円という当時としては巨額の予算（国家予算の約1年分）のために財界などからの猛反対にあい、当初計画を縮小せざるを得なくなった（議会に承認された予算は5億7500万円）。
• His original plan including a large-scale land rezoning and provision of parks and arterial roads demanded so enormous budget of 1.3 billion yen in those days (roughly equal to the national budget for a year) that this plan was opposed by financial circle fiercely, and the original plan had to be reduced in scale, (and the final approved budget was 575 million yen).

• もっともこの場合でも、当時の日本政府の財政事情（西郷隆盛も反対論の理由の一つに財政問題を挙げている）から、ヨーロッパやアメリカ合衆国の本線用の車両を購入して輸送するコストを考えれば、必ずしも日本政府の判断が誤りだったとはいえない。
• But even if it were the case, if the financial conditions of the Japanese government at that time (Takamori SAIGO also mentioned financial reasons to oppose the construction) and the expenses which would have cost to purchase and convey carriages for the main line from Europe or America are considered, it cannot be said that the decision of the Japanese government was a mistake.

• 勝海舟との降伏交渉に当たっては、新政府の後ろ盾となっていたイギリスが、江戸湾を拠点とした貿易に支障がでることを恐れて江戸総攻撃に反対したため、西郷隆盛をはじめとする新政府はイギリスの求めに応じ、江戸総攻撃を中止した（江戸無血開城）。
• England backed the new government and was against the all-out assault of Edo because she was afraid of disrupting trade in Edo Bay, and because of this Takamori SAIGO and the new government accepted England's demands and stopped the all-out surrender of Edo (bloodless surrender of Edo).

• 遺贈の目的である物又は権利が遺言者の死亡の時において第三者の権利の目的であるときは、受遺者は、遺贈義務者に対しその権利を消滅させるべき旨を請求することができない。ただし、遺言者がその遺言に反対の意思を表示したときは、この限りでない。
• If Things or rights being the object of a testamentary gift were the object of the rights of a third party at the time of the testator's death, a testamentary donee may not demand a person having an obligation with respect to testamentary gift to extinguish the third party's rights; provided, however, that this shall not apply if the testator has indicated a contrary intent in his/her will.

• 特に政党内閣期にはその弊害が強く、政権交代が起きるたびに予め来るべき選挙に備えて反対党の前政権が任命した知事や警察幹部を更迭して、自党を支持する内務省 (日本)官僚を任命する人事が横行し、こうした人事は「党弊」と呼ばれて非難を浴びた。
• Especially there were strong adverse effects at the time of party cabinets, at every regime change, for upcoming election, the party in power replaced prefectural governors and top officials of police who had been appointed by the previous ruling party (the opponent) and appointed bureaucracy who supported own party, and this kind of appointments of personnel was called 'adverse effect of a party' and criticized.

• ただし、平山行三は同条にある「取与不和」（合意がないままに相手から取り上げること）の反対解釈として捉えるのに対して、長又高夫は同じく「雖和与者無罪」（合意があって与えられたものなので無罪とすべきところ）に由来するという説を唱えている。
• In this regard, Kozo HIRAYAMA sees the term as the opposite interpretation of 'to take something away from someone without getting his/her consent' in the Article, while Takao NAGAMATA has a theory that the term comes from 'a person who got something from someone after getting his/her consent shall be considered innocent' in the same Article.

• その頃、北陸における戦いで足利氏に敗れて吉野に落ち延びた脇屋義助（新田義貞の弟）に対して後村上天皇が慰労して褒賞を出すことを決めた際に洞院実世が「敗軍の将に恩賞を出すと言うのは富士川の戦いで敗れた平維盛以来である」と反対意見を述べた。
• Around that time, when Emperor Gomurakami decided to present a special service reward to Yoshisuke WAKIYA (Yoshisada NITTA's younger brother) who lost the war against the Ashikaga clan in Hokuriku and fled to Yoshino, Saneyo TOIN objected, saying 'It will be the first time to give a special bonus to the head of a defeated army since the case of TAIRA no Koremori who lost the Battle of Fujigawa.'

• しかしながら工場等が企業努力により削減量を積み重ねてきたという言い分によって日本経団連などが強く反対し、また当団体などが盛んに行っている政府与党へのロビー活動等の影響力もあり、環境税への理解が浸透せず、未だに実現の目処も立っていない。
• However, Japan Federation of Employers' Associations strongly opposes the tax, saying that the reduction amounts have been accumulated by corporate efforts at factories and so on, and the Associations and the like actively lobby the governing party; thus the understanding for environmental taxes has not spread enough so that the introduction of the tax is not yet in sight.

• しかし、孝明天皇は撫恤のための薪水給与は認めていたが、通商条約や異国人の入国には強く反対しており、また岩倉具視ら多くの公家が関白の幕府寄りの姿勢を批判したため（廷臣八十八卿列参事件参照）、堀田の工作にもかかわらず勅許は得られなかった。
• However, Hotta could not get permission primarily because the Emperor Komei strongly objected to the ideas of allowing foreigners to come into Japan and concluding a commercial treaty, though he did give permission for supplying fuel and water in mercy, and also because many aristocrats including Tomomi IWAKURA criticized Kujo for his attitude towards the shogunate (see the incident that 88 high-ranking aristocrats went on a sit-in protest).

• 古代の有力豪族であった物部氏の末裔（仏教反対派として有名な物部守屋の弟の5代目の子孫だとされる）である石上氏に生まれた宅嗣は藤原仲麻呂討伐などで活躍をして大納言にまで昇る一方で当時を代表する知識人・文人であり、熱心な仏教信者でもあった。
• Born into the Isonokami clan that is descended from the powerful ancient clan of Mononobe (alleged to be the fifth-generation descendant of the younger brother of MONONOBE no Moriya who opposed the introduction of Buddhism), Yakatsugu is famed for his military accomplishments defeating FUJIWARA no Nakamaro and rising to the rank of Dainagon (chief councilor of state) but at the same time was a leading figure in literature and arts and an avid Buddhist.

• 1886年（明治19年）、井上は東京において諸外国の使節団と改正会議を行うが、井上案は関税の引き上げや外国人判事の任用など譲歩を示したため、政府内で農商務大臣谷干城や法律顧問ギュスターヴ・エミール・ボアソナードらからの反対意見を受けた。
• In 1886, INOUE held the conference of revision with the delegation of the foreign countries in Tokyo, and proposed an appeasement plan such as to raise tariffs and to appoint foreign judges, so that he was opposed by the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce Tateki TANI and the government counsel Gustave Emile BOISSONADE.

• 特定短期社債権者が反対する旨を通知したときは、特定目的会社は、当該特定短期社債権者に係る特定短期社債に係る債務について、資産流動化計画の変更をした後遅滞なく弁済を行わせることを目的として、信託会社等に相当の財産を信託しなければならない。
• When a Specified Short-Term Bondholder has given notice of his/her dissent, the Specific Purpose Company shall entrust reasonable property to a Trust Company, etc. for the purpose of having such Trust Company, etc. perform the obligations undertaken in relation to the Specified Short-Term Bonds pertaining to said Specified Short-Term Bondholder without delay after the changes to the Asset Securitization Plan have been made.

• 1592年に顕如が死去した後、長男である教如は本願寺住職の座を継ごうとしたが、それに対して豊臣秀吉がかつて父に義絶されたこと、信長と徹底抗戦した経緯などを理由に教如は後継者にふさわしくないと反対し、教如の異母弟の准如を後継者に指名した。
• After Kennyo died in 1592, his first son Kyonyo tried to succeed the chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple, but Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI opposed the succession by Kyonyo with the reasons that he was once disowned by his father, he resisted exhaustively against Nobunaga in the past, and so on, and appointed Junnyo, his half-brother, as the successor.

• 通説では1884年（1886年とも）、法隆寺を訪れた岡倉天心（日本の美術教育、美術史研究の先駆者）とアーネスト・フェノロサ（アメリカ人の哲学者、美術史家）が寺僧の反対を押し切って厨子の扉を開け、観音像は数百年ぶりに姿を現わしたとされる。
• According to the prevailing view, Tenshin OKAKURA (the forerunner of Japanese art educators and researchers) and Ernest Fenollosa (an American philosopher and an art historian), who visited Horyu-ji Temple in 1884 (or 1886), opened the door of the zushi by brushing aside the opposition from Buddhist priests; this is how the Kannon statue came into view for the first time in hundreds of years.

• 商品市場における取引等（商品清算取引を除く。）の委託を受けること又は商品市場における取引を業として営む企業の役員、顧問若しくは評議員となり、直接間接に当該企業の経営に参加し、当該企業から反対給付を受け、又は当該企業に投資していないこと。
• the committee member shall not be an officer, advisor, or councilor of any enterprise which is, in the course of trade, engaged in accepting the consignment of transactions, etc. on the Commodity Market (excluding Commodity Clearing Transactions) or carrying out transactions on the Commodity Market, nor join directly or indirectly in the management of said enterprise, nor receive any compensation for performance from said enterprise, nor hold an investment in said enterprise.
• the committee member shall not be an officer, advisor, or councilor of any enterprise, in the course of trade, engaged in accepting the consignment of transactions, etc., on the Commodity Market (excluding Commodity Clearing Transactions) or carrying out transactions on the Commodity Market, nor joining directly or indirectly in the management of said enterprise, nor receiving any compensation for performance from said enterprise, nor investing in said enterprise.

• なお、検地による石盛の修正があった場合、石盛の増加分を石盛出目（こくもりでめ）、減少分を石盛違引（こくもりちがいびき）と称し、土地の名目が上昇（畠→田）を石間出石（こくましゅっこく）、反対に下落（田→畠）を石間引（こくまびき）と称した。
• Furthermore, when Kokumori was to be revised in a land survey, an increase in Kokumori was called 'Kokumori-deme' and a decrease was called 'Kokumori-chigaibiki'; the term used when upgrading a piece of land (e.g.: from a field to a rice paddy) became called 'Kokuma-shukkoku' and downgrading (e.g.: from a rice paddy to a field) became called 'Kokuma-biki.'

• アメリカ合衆国滞在中にアナルコ・サンディカリスムの影響を受けた幸徳秋水が帰国し、ゼネラル・ストライキによる「直接行動論」を党内で提唱すると、これに反対して労働者による普通選挙運動を主張する田添鉄二らの「議会政策論」との対立が激しくなった。
• When Shusui KOTOKU returned from the United States of America influenced by Anarcho-syndicalism, an intense internal conflict was created between Kotoku and the opposing Tetsuji TAZOE's group over the Nihon Shakaito's policy and tactics; Kotoku advocated 'direct action' through the general strike whereas Tazoe advocated 'parliamentary tactics' and insisted on promoting the universal suffrage movement led by workers.

• 時政が子の北条義時と北条時房に重忠討伐を相談すると、2人は重忠の忠勤を訴えて謀反など起こすがはずがないと反対したが、牧の方の兄大岡時親に「牧の方が継母だから仇をしようと思っているのだろう」と迫られ、やむなく義時は重忠討伐に同意したという。
• When Tokimasa HOJO consulted with his sons Yoshitoki and Tokifusa about whether or not Shigetada should be subdued, they declined to do so as they believed that Shigetada was faithful enough not to rebel against them; however, it is said that Yoshitoki ended up agreeing with the idea when Maki no kata's older brother Tokichika Ooka put pressure on him by claiming that he was planning a rebellion since Maki no kata was his mother in law.

• 『日本紀略』には、同年の報告として、大墓公阿弖利爲（アテルイ）と盤具公母禮（モレ）が五百余人を率いて降伏したこと、田村麻呂が2人を助命し仲間を降伏させるよう提言したこと、群臣が反対しアテルイとモレが河内国で処刑されたことが記録されている。
• According to 'Nihonkiryaku' (The Abbreviated History of Japan), Tamonokimi Aterui and Iwagunokimi More together with more than 500 soldiers surrendered to Tamuramaro, and although Tamuramaro had an opinion to spare the lives of Aterui and More and to let their fellow armies lay down arms, his vassals opposed his suggestion and executed Aterui and More in Kawachi Province.

• 当初は学生が東西いずれの曹に属するかという規定は定まっていなかったが、文章生が文章得業生となり対策を受ける際には所属する曹とは反対の曹の文章博士から出題を受けることとなっていたため、当然その頃にはいずれかの曹に属していなければならなかった。
• Although it was not defined which of the toso and seiso the students were to belong at the beginning, when monjosho became Monjo tokugosho (Distinguished Scholars of Letters) and took taisaku (civil service examination), it was decided that the Monjo hakase of the so other than that the monjosho belonged to set the examination, which meant that the monjosho had to belong to either the toso or the seiso by that time.

• このダム建設によって日吉町の188世帯が水没する事になり、「宮村ダム」計画発表の1961年に「日吉ダム対策協議会天若同盟」を住民は結成し、以来1984年（昭和59年）9月に補償交渉が妥結するまでの24年間、町を挙げた強固な反対運動を展開した。
• Because 188 households in Hiyoshi-cho were to be submerged through the building of this dam, the residents formed 'Hiyoshi Dam Taisakukyogikai Amawaka Domei' (Amawaka Association, Hiyoshi Dam Opposition Movement) in 1961 when the plan to build 'Miyamura Dam' was announced, and they staged an uncompromising opposition movement against the plan involving people of the whole town for twenty-four years until September 1984 when the compensation negotiations were settled.

• 韓国国内には一部反対の声もあったが、日本は「韓国の通信機関を整備し日本国の通信機関と合同連絡して両国共通の一組織にすれば、韓国の行政上経済上得策である」と提案し、そのため日韓両国政府の間で、4月1日に「韓国通信機関委託ニ関スル取極書」が調印された。
• Although there were some dissenting voices in Korea, Japan suggested that 'Korea would benefit administratively and economically if Korean communication institutions were streamlined and combined into one organization with Japanese communication institution' and the two government signed a treaty 'Memorandum Concerning the Commission of Korean Communication Institution' on April 1.

• 806年には桓武天皇の前で藤原緒嗣といわゆる「徳政論争」を行い、農民の負担軽減のために軍事・造作を停止すべきとの緒嗣の主張に強く反対するが、天皇は緒嗣の主張を採択し、計画中であった蝦夷征伐と平安宮造宮の中止、造宮職の廃止と木工寮への統合が決まった。
• In 806, he had so-called 'Tokusei ronso (argument over virtuous government)' with FUJIWARA no Otsugu in front of Emperor Kanmu, and although he strongly opposed Otsugu's insistence to cease the military affairs and construction in order to reduce farmers' burdens, the Emperor adopted Otsugu's insistence and canceled the punitive expedition to Ezo and construction of Heian-kyo Palace

• これに対しては幕府内反対派の林家から「国王は天皇を指し、将軍が国王を名乗るべきではなく、無用の改変。平地に波風を立てるもの」、また対馬藩藩儒雨森芳洲から「李氏朝鮮は急激な変革を特に嫌う。再考願いたい」とそれぞれ反論をうけたが結果として実現している。
• The Hayashi family, one of the bakufu members opposing Arai's plan, insisted, 'King means Emperor, therefore, Shogun should not introduce himself as King, this is an useless reform. This only causes a flutter in the dovecotes,' and also Hoshu AMENOMORI, a Confusion scholar in Tsushima domain opposed it saying, 'the Joseon Dynasty doesn't like sudden reformation. Please reconsider,' but as a result, the changes were implemented.

• しかし、老中首座の水野忠邦とソリが会わず、上知令、庄内藩転封、倹約令などにそのつど反対を標榜し、挙句、忠邦を幕閣を放逐せんとして策謀をめぐらし、水戸に帰国していた水戸藩主徳川斉昭に出府を要請し、斉昭を背後から操って忠邦の天保の改革を潰そうと画策した。
• However, he did not get along with Tadakuni MIZUNO, who was the head of roju, as he made objections to Agechi-rei (confiscation command of territory), Shonai tenpu (changing the territory to Shonai Domain) and Kenyaku-rei (laws regulating expenditures); on top of these, in an attempt to drive Tadakuni out of the government, he requested Nariaki TOKUGAWA, head of Mito Domain who was then back home, to go to Edo, and plotted to hinder Tadakuni's Tenpo Reforms by masterminding Nariaki.

• しかし老中・阿部正弘をはじめ、前老中・土井利位らは忠邦の再任に強硬に反対し、忠邦に対しても天保改革時代の鳥居耀蔵や後藤三右衛門らの疑獄の嫌疑が発覚し、弘化2年（1845年）9月に加増のうち1万石、本地のうち1万石、合計2万石を没収されて5万石となった。
• However, amid the strong opposition to Tadakuni's reappointment from roju, Masahiro ABE and the former roju, Toshitsura DOI, Tadakuni was suspected of taking a bribe from Yozo TORII and Sanemon GOTO during the Tempo Reforms, which worked as a negative factor to Tadakuni and deprived him of 10,000 koku (2,780 cubic meters) from his additional territory and another 10,000 koku from his original territory as an punitive measure in September 1845, and his territory was reduced to 50,000 koku (13,900 cubic meters).

• だが、松方・進歩党が希望するこの二大課題が解決すると、元々大隈との提携に不満があった薩摩閥系閣僚と進歩党側の対立が激化、更に松方が財政難の解決のために地租改正反対一揆以来一種のタブーとなっていた「地租増徴」を提案したことから進歩党内に倒閣の機運が生じた。
• However, once two major tasks the Progressive Party represented by MATSUKATA aimed for were solved, conflicts were intensified between the cabinet members from Satsuma Domain clique who had been dissatisfied with cooperation with OKUMA from the beginning and the Progressive Party side, and moreover to solve economic difficulties, MATSUKATA proposed 'the plan to increase land taxes' which had been a sort of taboo since the peasant revolt against the land-tax reform, which gathered momentum within the Progressive Party of overthrowing the Cabinet.

• 後醍醐天皇の元亨2年（1322年）以後、壷銭を通常の課税とする議論は度々行われてきたが、延暦寺などの反対もあり漸く南北朝時代_(日本)に入って以後、造酒正によって徴税が行われるようになったが、延暦寺などの支援を受けて課税忌避を図る酒屋もあり対立が続いた。
• Since 1322 when Emperor Godaigo was in power, arguments to turn tsubo-sen into a form of regular taxation had arisen many times, but opposition by Enryaku-ji Temple delayed collecting taxes from sake dealers by miki no kami (Chief of the Sake Office) until the period of Northern and Southern Courts, and conflicts continued because some sake breweries refused to pay tax with Enryaku-ji Temple on their side.

• しかしかつて尊皇攘夷運動の活動家であった政府内の保守派は「神道が国教である（神道国教化）以上、異国の宗教を排除するのは当然である」、「キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じるとは思えない」とキリスト教への反発を隠さず禁教令撤廃に強硬に反対した。
• Conservatives in the government, however, were once advocates for the revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians movement, and strongly opposed the abolishment of the Ban on Christianity without hiding their hostility to Christianity, saying that 'Shinto is the state religion (to establish Shinto as a state religion), so the religion from other countries should be removed' and that 'Europe and the U.S. are unlikely to immediately agree to revise treaties after lifting the ban on Christianly.'

• 京都駅周辺は高さ120mまでの建築物が建築可能となる特例措置が設けられているが、高さ制限の緩和は古都の景観を損なうものとして反対意見も根強かったため、建物の巨大さ、高さに起因する圧迫感を回避し、いかに周辺環境との調和を図るかが作品の評価のポイントとなった。
• Although the Kyoto Station area enjoys a preferential measure that permits construction to a height of 120 m, the designs were evaluated from the standpoint of how to achieve harmony with the surrounding environment, avoiding the oppressive feeling caused by the huge size and height of the building, because there were persistent objections arguing that an easement of the height restriction might destroy the landscape of the ancient capital.

• 薩長は、土佐藩、佐賀藩をも巻き込み、開国以来の違勅条約に対する反対論と外国人排撃を主張、実行に移そうとする「攘夷」を、国学の進展などにより江戸時代後期から広がっていた国家元首問題としての尊王論とを結びつけ、「尊皇攘夷」を旗頭に「倒幕」の世論を形成していった。
• Satsuma and Choshu domains, together with Tosa and Saga domains, advocated the 'anti-shogunate movement' based on the 'antiforeign imperialism' insisting that the treaties with the Western powers, which were concluded against the imperial order, should not be accepted in the first place and that foreigners should be expelled out of Japan, and placating those who were about to resort to force for the cause of exclusionism, these domains tried to unite exclusionism with the imperialism on the supremacy of the emperor.

• これは紀伝道教育が盛んであった当時の世相の反映であるが、その一方において、こうした行為は私的な師弟関係の形成と言う要素を含む事になり、菅原氏の学閥と反対する諸博士の学閥という対立抗争を生んだ他、大学寮制度の形骸化や家学の形成促進につながったと考えられている。
• It reflected the social conditions at the time when instruction on the Kidendo was widely offered; on the other hand, such an act was obliged to involve a private relationship between master and disciple -- It was considered that the latter fact introduced a conflict between the academic clique from the Sugawara clan and those from the hakase who opposed the Sugawara clan, and that the latter made the Daigaku-ryo system only in name and promoted the formation of hereditary learning.

• 橋本実麗は、公武合体政策の一貫として、姪の和宮親子内親王が14代将軍・徳川家茂との婚姻対策が持ち上がった時には妹で和宮親子内親王の生母・観行院（橋本経子）とともに反対したが、度重なる江戸幕府の要求に和宮親子内親王が折れ、和宮親子内親王と徳川家茂との婚姻が成立。
• When the Tokugawa shogunate offered the lawful marriage of the 14th shogun Iemochi TOKUGAWA with Kazunomiya Chikako to seek Kobu-gattai (the reconciliation between the shogunate and the imperial court), Saneakira and his sister Kangyoin (Tsuneko HASHIMOTO) bitterly opposed the plan; however, at last, Kazunomiya Chikako herself gave way to the shogunate's insistent demands and married Iemochi.

• 特定約束手形を発行している特定目的会社は、計画変更決議により資産流動化計画を変更するときは、当該計画変更決議を行う社員総会の会日の一箇月前までに、二週間以上の期間を定め、かつ、その変更に反対するときは当該期間内にその旨を通知すべきことを公告しなければならない。
• Before a Specific Purpose Company issuing Specified Promissory Notes changes its Asset Securitization Plan through a Resolution for Changing the Plan, such a Specific Purpose Company shall fix a period longer than two weeks and give public notice to the effect that notice of any dissent to such changes must be given within said period, by one month prior to the date of the general meeting of members that is to adopt said Resolution for Changing the Plan.

• 大友義鎮は当初から陶隆房が晴英を傀儡として擁立するだけで、自分の政権が揺ぎ無いものとなれば、廃嫡されるに違いないと疑い反対したが、晴英自身が大内当主となるのを望み、「この要請を断り中傷を受ける事の方が悔しいので、命は惜しくない」と主張した為、義鎮もこれを認めた。
• Yoshishige OTOMO was opposed in the beginning, as he suspected that if Takafusa SUE only supported Haruhide as his puppet, his own government would not survive and he would likely be disinherited, but as Haruhide himself wanted to become the head of the Ouchi clan and claimed that 'it is worse for me to be slandered by rejecting this request and I don't care for my life,' Yoshishige accepted.

• 特定短期社債を発行している特定目的会社は、計画変更決議により資産流動化計画の変更をするときは、当該計画変更決議を行う社員総会の会日の一箇月前までに、二週間以上の期間を定め、かつ、その変更に反対するときは当該期間内にその旨を通知すべきことを公告しなければならない。
• Before a Specific Purpose Company issuing Specified Short-Term Bonds changes its Asset Securitization Plan through a Resolution for Changing the Plan, such Specific Purpose Company shall fix a period longer than two weeks and give public notice to the effect that notice of any dissent to the changes must be given within said period, by more than one month prior to the date of the general meeting of members that is to adopt said Resolution for Changing the Plan.

• 高倉天皇は法住寺殿に避難し、後白河は大衆を実力で排除しようとするが、京都が戦場になる可能性があると反対の声が上がり、実際に出動する平氏一門も、延暦寺との衝突には極めて消極的な態度をとったために断念、大衆の要求を受諾して師高の配流・神輿を射た重盛の家人の投獄を行った。
• Although Emperor Takakura was evacuated to the Hojuji-dono palace and Goshirakawa attempted to eliminate the armed priests by force, Goshirakawa faced an opposition saying that Kyoto may become a war zone, and also, the Taira clan, those that would actually fight the battle, were quite hesitant to be in a conflict with Enryaku-ji Temple; therefore, Goshirakawa abandoned his attempt, accepted the request and deported Morotaka, and imprisoned Shigemori's family member who had shot the portable shrine.

• だが地租増徴に反対する進歩党 (日本)と自由党 (日本)(日本 1890-1898)からの協力は得られなかったために、文部大臣・農商務大臣・逓信大臣を自派（「伊藤系官僚」）が、内務大臣 (日本)・司法大臣・陸軍大臣を山縣有朋系が占める超然内閣を作らざるを得なかった。
• However, without cooperation by the Progressive Party (Japan) and the Liberal Party (Japan) (Japan 1890-1898) opposing to the plan to increase land taxes, he had to organize the Chonen (doctrine of superiority) cabinet consisting of the Minister of Education, Minister of Agriculture and Commerce and Minister of Communication from his own group ('government officials from ITO group'), and the Minister of Home Affairs (Japan), Minister of Justice and Minister of Army from Aritomo YAMAGATA group.

• 園城寺や白鬚神社などでは境内通過（トンネルだが）を巡って補償騒動が起きたほか、地元からの反対、江若鉄道（後述）との関係で路線決定に難航した部分もあるが、最小曲線半径は1,400mを基本とし、線形 (路線)勾配も19パーミル以下と在来線としては高規格で建設されている。
• Previously, there were problems in that Onjo-ji Temple and Shirahige-jinja Shrine demanded compensation for passing the precincts of the shrine (although it was a tunnel); the local people opposed the construction; and the determination of tracks took time due to the relationship with Kojak (Kojaku) railway (江若鉄道) (described later); however, the minimum curve radius is basically set at 1,400 meters and the alignment (track) slope is set at no more than 19 per mill, which are high standards compared with existing railways.

• ひとつは、彼がまだ二十代の折、敵将の上野・平井城主千葉采女の娘である伊勢姫と恋に落ちたが、重臣（柿崎景家ら）の猛烈な反対によって引き裂かれ、娘が剃髪出家した後、ほどなくして自害してしまい、食事ものどを通らず病床に伏せてしまうほどに心を痛めたというもの（「松隣夜話」）。
• One was that Kenshin still in his twenties fell in love with Isehime, a daughter of Uneme CHIBA an enemy commander and lord of Hirai-jo Castle in Kozuke Province, they were torn apart by strong opposition from a senior vassal (Kageie KAKIZAKI and others), after taking tonsure and becoming a priest, the daughter killed herself, Kenshin was distressed to the extent of not eating and finally becoming bedridden ('Shorin Yawa').

• 彼はフランス人ではあったが、ナポレオン法典の直輸入には反対してあくまでも日本国内の事情にも配慮した民法典を作成すべきであると主張していた（大木もこの考えに同意して、この年と1883年に民事法に纏わる全国的な慣習法調査が行われて「（全国）民事慣例類集」として編纂された）。
• Although he was a Frenchman, he disagreed to the direct import of Code Napoleon, and asserted that Minpoten should include considerations of the domestic situation in Japan (Oki agreed to the idea, and in the same year and in 1883 'Zenkoku Minji Kanreirui-shu' (national civil customary) was complied based on the nationwide research of customary law related to Civil Code.

• これに反対したのが、近藤勇、土方歳三、芹沢鴨らであった（鵜殿鳩翁が浪士組隊士の殿内義雄・家里次郎の両名に、京に残留することを希望する者の取りまとめを依頼し、根岸友山、芹沢鴨、近藤勇らが残留し八郎と袂を分かつ、かれらは壬生浪士（壬生浪）となり、後に新選組へと発展してゆく。）
• Isami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, Kamo SERIZAWA and others objected to this (Kyuo UDONO requested two members of the Roshigumi, Yoshio TONOUCHI and Tsuguo IESATO, to coordinate those who desired to remain in Kyoto; Yuzan NEGISHI, Kamo SERIZAWA and Isami KONDO and others remained in Kyoto to take a path separate from that of Hachiro, and they became Mibu warriors who later developed into Shinsengumi.)

• だが、これに対して進歩党と自由党が合同して憲政党を結成、貴族院_(日本)も政権に非協力な態度を取った為に、伊藤は自らの政局運営の甘さの自覚と新党結成の決意を固めて、山県有朋らの反対を押し切って憲政会の大隈重信・板垣退助のいずれかを後継にするように上奏して内閣を総辞職した。
• However, Since the Progressive Party and the Liberal Party formed the Constitutional Party together against this and the House of Peers (Japan) also took uncooperative attitude to the Government, which made ITO realize his own poor handling of the political situation and made decision to form a new party, he reported to the Emperor to make either of Shigenobu OKUMA or Taisuke ITAGAKI of the Constitutional Party as his successor and resigned the cabinet en masse, in spite of opposition by Aritomo YAMAGATA and others.

• 破産者（保全管理人が選任されている場合にあっては、保全管理人）が破産手続開始前に取戻権の目的である財産を譲り渡した場合には、当該財産について取戻権を有する者は、反対給付の請求権の移転を請求することができる。破産管財人が取戻権の目的である財産を譲り渡した場合も、同様とする。
• Where the bankrupt (or a provisional administrator if any provisional administrator is appointed) has transferred, to a third party, property that is the subject matter of a right of segregation prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, the person who has a right of segregation over said property may request the transfer thereto of a claim for counter-performance. The same shall apply where a bankruptcy trustee transfers, to a third party, property that is the subject matter of a right of segregation.

• 特に国民協会が帝国党に衣替えした際に、一部が分裂してこれに従わずに自由党の後継政党である憲政党や藩閥官僚（伊藤博文系）とともに立憲政友会を結成したことによって、政友会とその反対党という構図へと変化を見せ、「吏党」・「民党」という言葉は完全に意味を成さないものになっていった。
• When the Kokumin Kyokai turned over to Teikokuto (Imperialist party), some members broke off from the group and and formed the Seiyukai (Association of Friends of Constitutional Government) together with the Kenseito (Constitutional Party), which was the incoming party of the Jiyuto, and the Hanbatsu Kanryo (domain government officials, a political party of Hirobumi ITO), and soon the political layout was mostly the Seiyukai against their opponents, that the terms 'Rito' and 'Minto' eventually lost their original meaning..

• これについて、先例の存在や天皇の自由意思を尊重するべきであることを理由として生前の退位を容認すべきとの意見もあるが、退位後の天皇の処遇（財政的、政治的位置付けの問題。特に後者は院政の問題）や皇位継承の複雑化及び後継者の不足による皇統断絶の可能性などの点から反対の意見が強い。
• There are views that say abdication before death should be allowed, based on respect for the Emperor's free will and the existence of former examples, but there are strong opposing views because of the issues of how the Emperor should be treated after his abdication (financial matters and issues on his position in the political administration. The latter, in particular, is a problem of political administration by the retired emperor), complications in the succession to the Imperial Throne, and the possibility of the extinction of the Imperial Line due to the lack of a successor.

• 室町幕府が成立すると、守護領国制が確立されていく過程で公家や寺社などの荘園領主は守護の軍事力に依拠しなければ年貢・公事の徴収が困難となり、反対に守護はその立場を利用して国内の荘園・公領に段銭などの形で独自の公事を賦課することで領国支配の強化と財政基盤の構築を図るようになった。
• After Muromachi bakufu was founded, in the process of establishing Shugo-ryogoku system, it became difficult for lords of the manor such as kuge, temples and shrines to collect nengu and kuji unless they relied on the military power of shugo, on the other hand, shugo made a use of their position to impose their original kuji to shoen and koryo in form of tansen (a kind of provisional tax in medieval Japan), so that they could have enhanced the control over daimyo's territory and built financial base.

• この案をほぼそのまま継承した「戸籍編成例目」が翌明治3年（1870年）3月に正式に大蔵省から太政官に提出されたが、戸籍を大蔵民部省（当時、大蔵省と民部省が実質統合されていたことから付けられた俗称）が行うことに東京府知事大木喬任を始めとして地方官が反対したことから実現しなかった。
• Following this proposal as it almost was, 'Koseki hensei rei moku (family register formation illustration list)' was presented officially by Okurasho (Ministry of Treasury) for Dajokan in March of the next year (1870), but it did not materialized because chihokan (local officials) led by Takato OKI, the Governor of Tokyo Prefecture, who opposed for Okura-Minbusho (commonly called due to the fact that Okurasho and Minbusho were virtually unified) to deal with the family register

• その協議の場において京都市側は、山科から現ルートよりも北側を山岳トンネルで貫いて京都市都心部へ直行する案を提示したが、京阪電気鉄道側が両線が競合するほどの輸送量は無いとこれに反対し、京阪電気鉄道が京津線の京阪山科～三条間を廃止し、京都市営地下鉄東西線へ乗り入れることで決着した。
• In the counsel, Kyoto City suggested an idea of passing the area to the north of the existing route with a mountain tunnel from Yamashina and connecting the line directly to downtown Kyoto; however, Keihan Electric Railway disagreed with the idea, insisting that the passenger transportation volume wasn't sufficient for the two lines to compete with each other, so eventually both sides agreed to discontinue the section between Keihan-yamashina and Sanjo on the Keishin Line of Keihan Electric Railway and allow Keihan Electric Railway to use the Tozai Line, Kyoto Municipal Subway.

• 会社法第七百九十六条第一項本文又は第三項本文に規定する場合には、当該場合に該当することを証する書面（同条第四項の規定により吸収合併に反対する旨を通知した株主がある場合にあつては、同項の規定により株主総会の決議による承認を受けなければならない場合に該当しないことを証する書面を含む。）
• in the case referred to in the main text of paragraph (1) or of paragraph (3) of Article 796 of the Companies Act, a document evidencing that the case provided for therein is applicable (in cases where any shareholder has notified to the effect that such shareholder dissents from the absorption-type merger pursuant to the provision of paragraph (4) of said Article, including a document evidencing that such absorption-type merger does not fall under the case provided for in said paragraph where approval by a resolution of a shareholders meeting is required);

• 会社法第七百九十六条第一項本文又は第三項本文に規定する場合には、当該場合に該当することを証する書面（同条第四項の規定により株式交換に反対する旨を通知した株主がある場合にあつては、同項の規定により株主総会の決議による承認を受けなければならない場合に該当しないことを証する書面を含む。）
• in the cases referred to in the main text of paragraph (1) or of paragraph (3) of Article 796 of the Companies Act, a document evidencing that the case provided for therein is applicable (in cases where any shareholder has notified to the effect that such shareholder dissents from the share exchange pursuant to the provision of paragraph (4) of said Article, including a document evidencing that such share exchange does not fall under the case provided for in said paragraph where the approval by a resolution of a shareholders meeting is required);

• 会社法第七百九十六条第一項本文又は第三項本文に規定する場合には、当該場合に該当することを証する書面（同条第四項の規定により吸収分割に反対する旨を通知した株主がある場合にあつては、同項の規定により株主総会の決議による承認を受けなければならない場合に該当しないことを証する書面を含む。）
• in the cases referred to in the main text of paragraph (1) or of paragraph (3) of Article 796 of the Companies Act, a document evidencing that the case provided for therein is applicable (in cases where any shareholder has notified to the effect that such shareholder dissents from an absorption-type company split pursuant to the provision of paragraph (4) of said Article, including a document evidencing that such absorption-type company split does not fall under the case provided for in said paragraph where the approval by a resolution of a shareholders meeting is required;

• 基本的には、駅本屋側単式ホーム（3番のりば）が、亀岡・園部・福知山方面、跨線橋を渡って反対側の島式ホーム（1番のりば）が、二条・京都方面行きの列車が使用するホームになっているが、特急列車の待避などの場合や快速電車の接続のために、普通電車が島式ホーム（2番のりば）に停車することもある。
• Basically, the train for Kameoka Station, Sonobe Station and Fukuchiyama Station stops at Platform 3, which is situated on the side platform where the station building is located, and the train for Nijo Station and Kyoto Station stops at Platform 1, which is situated on the island platform that is connected by the overpass with the side platform; occasionally, however, the local train will stop at Platform 2 (which is also situated on the island platform) in order for the limited express to pass through the station, or for the rapid train to connect with the local train.

• 裁決又は決定で、不服申立てに係る開示決定等（開示請求に係る行政文書の全部を開示する旨の決定を除く。以下この号及び第二十条において同じ。）を取り消し又は変更し、当該不服申立てに係る行政文書の全部を開示することとするとき。ただし、当該開示決定等について反対意見書が提出されているときを除く。
• When, by a determination or decision, the Disclosure Decision, etc. (excluding the decisions to the effect of disclosing all the Administrative Documents pertaining to a Disclosure Request; hereinafter the same shall apply in this item and in Article 20.) pertaining to the objection is rescinded or altered, and all the Administrative Documents pertaining to the objection are to be disclosed; provided, however, that this shall exclude the cases in which a Written Opposition Opinion regarding the Disclosure Decision, etc. has been submitted.

• 一連の接収作業において担当した引継委員長による「韓国事務引継顛末概要」によれば、韓国通信院の通信事業に従事していた職員（官吏および現場労働者）の1044人のうち773人が日本の郵政当局に引継採用されたが、残りの271人は辞令拒否者もしくは接収を反対して抵抗したとして解雇されているという。
• According to '韓国事務引継顛末概要' (Summary of Korean communication business takeover) written by a transition chairman in charge of the takeover process, Japanese postal authority continued to employ 773 out of 1044 staffs (government officials and frontline workers) of 通信院 (Communication Institute) who had worked for communication services, but other 271 staffs either rejected the appointment or were fired for allegedly resisting against takeover.

• この時は朝廷・豊臣政権ともに強く反対して中止されるものの、慶長5年（1600年）関ヶ原の戦いに勝利して政治の実権を握った徳川家康は豊臣政権色の強い良仁親王を廃して、天皇の正室である女御近衛前子が生んだ第三皇子の政仁親王（後の後水尾天皇）を代わりに立てることを条件に天皇の意向を受け入れた。
• Despite the fact that both the imperial court and the Toyotomi regime were strongly opposed to this, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who seized political power after winning the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 accepted the intension of Emperor Go-Yozei on the condition to disinherit Imperial Prince Ryonin, who was strongly in favor of the Toyotomi regime, and Imperial Prince Kotohito (who later became Emperor Go-Mizuno), the third son of Sakiko KONOE who was a court lady and the emperor's lawful wife, to be the next in line for the throne instead.

• 裁決又は決定で、不服申立てに係る開示決定等（開示請求に係る保有個人情報の全部を開示する旨の決定を除く。以下この号及び第四十四条第一項において同じ。）を取り消し、又は変更し、当該不服申立てに係る保有個人情報の全部を開示することとするとき。ただし、当該開示決定等について反対意見書が提出されているときを除く。
• When, by a determination or decision, the Disclosure Decision, etc. (excluding the decisions to the effect of disclosing all the Retained Personal Information pertaining to a Disclosure Request; hereinafter the same shall apply in this item and in Article 40(1)) pertaining to the appeal is rescinded or altered, and all the Retained Personal Information pertaining to the appeal is to be disclosed; provided, however, that this shall exclude the cases in which a Written Opposition Opinion regarding the Disclosure Decision, etc. has been submitted

• しかしながら内務省 (日本)の反対により政治犯釈放は実現せず、その民主化を阻害する姿勢に対し、GHQから1945年10月4日に「政治的・民事的・宗教的自由に対する制限撤廃の覚書」を突き付けられ、治安維持法・特別高等警察等の廃止、政治犯・思想犯の釈放、自由化・民主化に抵抗する内務省幹部の更迭などを命じられた。
• However, the release of political prisoners was not realized due to the opposition of the Ministry of Interior and then, in opposition to the impediment of democratization, GHQ sent out the 'Memorandum on Removal of the Restrictions on the Political, Civilian and Religious Freedom' on October 4, 1945, in which GHQ ordered the Peace Preservation Law and the Special Higher Police abolished and the officials of the Ministry of Interior who opposed liberalization and democratization dismissed.

• 志野流香道では、左手の上に聞香炉をおき、親指を縁に掛け、香炉を反時計回りにまわして灰の上に記される「聞き筋」（灰の上には形作るときに一本太い筋が作られるが、これを聞き筋といい、この方向が香炉の正面に一致する）を自分とは反対の側へ向け、右手を筒のようにして香炉の上に覆い、その間に鼻を近づけて香を聞く、という作法がある。
• The incense burning of the Shino-ryu school is performed by placing the Koro in the left hand, placing your thumb on the edge, turning the Koro around counterclockwise, directing 'kikisuji' (a thick line made on the ash when shaping the ash; the direction of this line corresponds to the front face of Koro) drawn on the ash, toward the opposite side of the listener, placing your right hand in the shape of a tube on Koro, and listening to the incense by approximating your nose in the tube.

• だが、次第に研究会との勢力争いによって摩擦が生じるようになり、鰻香内閣騒動や研究会と立憲政友会との連携などを経て茶話会と研究会は次第に対立し、政友会の原内閣に研究会が閣僚を送ると、茶話会も超然主義を放棄して反対党である憲政会と連携する一方、研究会以外の他の貴族院の各会派と連携して研究会を包囲する動きを見せた（幸四派）。
• But the struggle for power with the Kenkyukai gradually began to produce friction, and after the turmoil of the Manko cabinet, the cooperation between the Kenkyukai and the Rikken Seiyukai (the Friends of Constitutional Government Party, or 'Seiyukai' for short) and other challenges, the struggle for influence between the Tea Party and the Kenkyukai gradually developed into open hostility, and when some of the members of Hara's Seiyukai cabinet were chosen from the Kenkyukai, not only did the Tea Party abandon the doctrine of transcendence and join forces with the opposition Kenseikai (Constitutional Government Party), they also formed links with the various other factions among non-Kenkyukai House of Peers members in an effort to isolate and surround the Kenkyukai.

• 特定目的会社は、第一項の規定による特定社債権者集会を招集するときは、二週間以上の期間を定め、かつ、各特定社債権者に対しその変更に反対するときは当該期間内にその旨を書面又は電磁的方法をもって通知すべきことを求めなければならない。この場合において、特定目的会社は、当該期間を前項の招集の通知に記載し、又は記録しなければならない。
• When a Specific Purpose Company calls a Specified Bondholders Meeting under paragraph (1), it shall fix a period longer than two weeks and require each Specified Bondholder to give notice of his/her dissent to the changes, if any, in writing or by Electromagnetic Means within said period. In this case, the Specific Purpose Company shall state or record said period in the notice of the meeting referred to in the preceding paragraph.

• 吸収合併存続組合が前項ただし書の規定により総会の決議を経ないで合併をする場合において、吸収合併存続組合の総組合員の六分の一以上の組合員が次項の規定による公告又は通知の日から二週間以内に合併に反対する旨を吸収合併存続組合に対し通知したときは、効力発生日の前日までに、総会の決議によつて、吸収合併契約の承認を受けなければならない。
• In the case where a surviving cooperative carries out a merger without a resolution of the general meeting pursuant to the provisions of the proviso to the preceding paragraph, if at least one-sixth of all the partner of the surviving cooperative have notified the surviving cooperative of their opposition to the merger within two weeks from the date of public notice or notice under the provisions of the following paragraph, then the surviving cooperative shall have the absorption-type merger agreement approved by a resolution of the general meeting by the day preceding the effective date.

• 政治上の主義若しくは施策を推進し、支持し、又はこれに反対する目的をもつて、刑法第百八条、第百九条第一項、第百十七条第一項前段、第百二十六条第一項若しくは第二項、第百九十九条若しくは第二百三十六条第一項の罪の予備、陰謀若しくは教唆をなし、又はこれらの罪を実行させる目的をもつてするその罪のせん動をなした者は、五年以下の懲役又は禁こに処する。
• Any person who, with the intent to promote, support or oppose any political doctrine or policy, prepares, plots or induces an offense under Article 108, paragraph (1) of Article 109, the first sentence of paragraph (1) of Article 117, paragraph (1) or (2) of Article 126, Article 199 or paragraph (1) of Article 236 of the Penal Code, or incites others to commit such an offense with the intent to cause it to be committed, shall be punished by imprisonment with or without work for a term not exceeding five years.

• 居住の用に供する建物の賃借人が相続人なしに死亡した場合において、その当時婚姻又は縁組の届出をしていないが、建物の賃借人と事実上夫婦又は養親子と同様の関係にあった同居者があるときは、その同居者は、建物の賃借人の権利義務を承継する。ただし、相続人なしに死亡したことを知った後一月以内に建物の賃貸人に反対の意思を表示したときは、この限りでない。
• In cases where a lessee of buildings used as residences dies with no heir, and persons with a relationship to the building lessee similar to a de facto marital relationship or a foster parent and child relationship, although notice of marriage or adoption has not been submitted, live together with the building lessee, said persons shall succeed to the rights and duties of the building lessee. However, that this shall not apply when said persons express intentions contrary to those of the building lessor within one month of being made aware that the building lessee died without heirs.

• 破産管財人は、第百六十条第一項若しくは第三項又は第百六十一条第一項に規定する行為を否認しようとするときは、前条第一項の規定により破産財団に復すべき財産の返還に代えて、相手方に対し、当該財産の価額から前三項の規定により財団債権となる額（第一項第一号に掲げる場合にあっては、破産者の受けた反対給付の価額）を控除した額の償還を請求することができる。
• A bankruptcy trustee, when he/she intends to avoid an act prescribed in Article 160(1) or (3) or Article 161(1), in lieu of requesting return of the property that should be returned to the bankruptcy estate pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, may request the other party to reimburse the amount obtained by deducting the amount that shall be included in the scope of claims on the estate pursuant to the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs (in the case set forth in paragraph (1)(i), the value of the counter-performance received by the bankrupt) from the value of said property to be returned.

• 政府内で払下げに反対していた大隈の処分と反政府運動の鉾先を収めるため、岩倉具視（ただし岩倉は7月から10月まで休養を取って有馬温泉に行っていたので現在では岩倉の関与を否定し、伊藤が主な計画者とする説が有力。）、参議伊藤博文、井上毅らは協議を行い、明治天皇の行幸に大隈が同行している間に大隈の罷免、払下げ中止、10年後の国会開設などの方針を決めた。
• Regarding the punishment of Okuma, who was against the sale in government, and cooling down the movement against the government, Tomomi IWAKURA (However, because Iwakura was on vacation in Arima-onsen (hot spring) from July to October, today there is doubt about involvement of Iwakura, and Ito is considered as a main plotter), Hirobumi ITO, a Sangi, and Kowashi INOUE discussed about dismissal of Okuma, stop of the sales of government owned facilities and equipment and establishment of the National Diet after 10 years while Okuma was away for a trip with Emperor Meiji.

• その一方で、称徳天皇や道鏡が清麻呂を流した事で2番目の神託を否認した以上、最初の神託に基づいて道鏡への皇位継承を進めることも可能であった筈なのに事件以後に全くそうした動きを見せていない事や逆に藤原氏らの反対派がこの事件を直接の大義名分として天皇や道鏡排除に積極的に動いていない事から、道鏡がこの事件に深く関わっていたとする証拠を見出す事は困難である。
• On the other hand, it is difficult to find the evidence that Dokyo was deeply involved in this incident because of the following reasons; Empress Shotoku did not proceed with the move to let Dokyo ascend the throne based on the first oracle although she could have done so after she and Dokyo denied the second oracle and exiled Kiyomaro; furthermore, there was no active movement in the opposition factions such as Fujiwara clan concerning the removal of Empress Shotoku or Dokyo using this incident as a legitimate reason.

• そのように明治政府の朝鮮政府に対する内政改革の要望にもとづいた外交施策がされていた中、福澤諭吉らもそれに反対するようなことはなかったが、その2年後、以下記述するような朝鮮政府の内政改革派（開化派）に対する弾圧を見て、福澤諭吉らは「猶予ある可らず」とか「正に西洋人が之に接するの風に從て處分す可きのみ。」とか「謝絶」というそれまでの姿勢とは全く逆の結論に至ることになる。
• While diplomatic measures were conducted based upon the request of the domestic administration reform toward the Korean government by the Meiji government, Yukichi FUKUZAWA and others were not against it but two years after that, after watching suppression of the pro-domestic administration reform group (Progressive group 'the Kaehwadang') by the Korean government as below, they reached a totally opposite conclusion to their former attitude saying 'we do not have the luxury of time to wait,' 'Simply adapting the ways of the Westerners is sufficient' and 'the refusal.'

• 4月下旬に始まった帝国議会において、ロンドン海軍軍縮会議締結に対し、軍令部が要求していた、補助艦の対米比7割に満たないとして条約締結拒否を言ったにもかかわらず、この条約を結んだことを理由に、野党の立憲政友会総裁の犬養毅と鳩山一郎が衆議院で、「軍令部の反対意見を無視した条約調印は統帥権の干犯である」と政府を攻撃、続いて枢密院議長倉富勇三郎もこれに同調する動きを見せた。
• Despite the Army demanded to reject the conclusion of the treaty of London Naval Conference on Disarmament, at the Imperial Diet opened in the latter half of April, because the proportion of the auxiliary ships unreached to 70 percent comparing to that of the United States, the government concluded the treaty, so that Tsuyoshi INUKAI, the President of the Opposition Rikken seiyukai, and Ichiro HATOYAMA attacked the government at the House of Representatives appealing 'The conclusion of the treaty ignoring the opposite opinion given by the Army means the interference and violate of supreme command,' and following that the Chairman of the Privy Council Yuzaburo KURATOMI showed his attitude to sympathize with that.

• 前項本文に規定する場合において、主務省令で定める数の株式（前条第一項の株主総会において議決権を行使することができるものに限る。）を有する株主が次条第一項の規定による通知又は同条第二項の公告の日から二週間以内に吸収合併に反対する旨を吸収合併存続株式会社商品取引所に対し通知したときは、効力発生日の前日までに、株主総会の決議によつて、吸収合併契約の承認を受けなければならない。
• In the case prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, if a shareholder holding the number of shares specified by an ordinance of the competent ministry (limited to those of which voting rights may be exercised at the general meeting of shareholders set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article) notifies the Incorporated Commodity Exchange Surviving an Absorption-Type Merger of his/her dissent from the Absorption-Type Merger within two weeks from the day of the notice set forth in paragraph (1) of the following Article or from the day of the public notice set forth in paragraph (2) of the same Article, the Incorporated Commodity Exchange Surviving an Absorption-Type Merger shall gain the approval for the Absorption-Type Merger contract by a resolution of a general meeting of shareholders by the day preceding the Effective Date.

• 前項本文に規定する場合において、内閣府令で定める数の株式（前条第一項の株主総会において議決権を行使することができるものに限る。）を有する株主が次条第一項の規定による通知又は同条第二項の公告の日から二週間以内に吸収合併に反対する旨を吸収合併存続株式会社金融商品取引所に対し通知したときは、効力発生日の前日までに、株主総会の決議によつて、吸収合併契約の承認を受けなければならない。
• In the case prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, if a shareholder holding the number of shares specified by a Cabinet Office Ordinance (limited to those of which voting rights may be exercised at the shareholders meeting set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article) notifies the Stock Company-Type Financial Instruments Exchange Surviving an Absorption-Type Merger of his/her dissent from the Absorption-Type Merger, within two weeks from the day of the notice set forth in paragraph (1) of the following Article or from the day of the public notice set forth in paragraph (2) of said Article, the Stock Company-Type Financial Instruments Exchange Surviving an Absorption-Type Merger shall obtain the approval for the Absorption-Type Merger agreement by a resolution of a shareholders meeting, by the day immediately preceding the Effective Date.

• 明治時代に制定された皇室典範において皇位継承は天皇の崩御（死亡）を前提としているため、現行法では生前退位は出来ないと解釈されている（明治の皇室典範制定時に皇位継承を崩御時に限定したのは、天皇と政府が対立した時に天皇が退位をもって政府を圧迫するのを防ぐ意図もあったとされている。また、第二次世界大戦後に昭和天皇が退位を検討したとも言われているが、内外の反対で立ち消えとなった）。
• According to the Imperial House Act established during the Meiji Period, succession to the Imperial Throne presumes the death of the Emperor, and therefore, it is interpreted that, under the existing law, abdication is not possible while an emperor is still alive (it is said that, when the Imperial House Act was established, the reason for this limit was to prevent the Emperor from abdicating and thereby pressuring the government if there was a confrontation between the Emperor and the government. Also, it is said that Emperor Showa considered abdicating after World War II, but because of opposition from all sides this issue faded away).

• 実は昔、三栖までの事業免許を取得する直前まで計画は進んでいたのだが、そのときに伏見の酒造家たちが「地下鉄延長によって酒造に欠かせない地下水（伏水）が出なくなる恐れがある」と計画に猛反発した（なお奈良電気鉄道（奈良電）が1928年に、現在の近鉄京都線を伏見付近において地下線で建設する予定であったときも、同様の反対運動を起こして高架線に変更させたことがあった）ためといわれている。
• It is said that the plan had advanced to the point of getting the license for extending the line to Misu, but brewers in Fushimi revolted against it, saying 'Subway extension will stop the flow of the clear groundwater (Fushimi), indispensable for brewing Japanese sake' (when Nara Electric Railway was planning to construct the existing Kintetsu-Kyoto Line in the immediate area of Fushimi as a subway line, they waged similar opposition campaign and had it changed to an elevated railway).

• 前項本文に規定する場合において、法務省令で定める数の株式（前条第一項の株主総会において議決権を行使することができるものに限る。）を有する株主が次条第三項の規定による通知又は同条第四項の公告の日から二週間以内に吸収合併等に反対する旨を存続株式会社等に対し通知したときは、当該存続株式会社等は、効力発生日の前日までに、株主総会の決議によって、吸収合併契約等の承認を受けなければならない。
• In the cases prescribed in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, if shareholders that hold the shares (limited to those that entitle the shareholders to exercise voting rights at a shareholders meeting under paragraph (1) of the preceding article) in the number prescribed by the applicable Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice notify the Surviving Stock Company, etc. to the effect that such shareholders dissent from the Absorption-type Merger, etc., within two weeks from the day of the notice under the provisions of paragraph (3) of the following Article or the public notice under paragraph (4) of that Article, such Surviving Stock Company, etc. must obtain the approval of the Absorption-type Merger Agreement, etc. by a resolution of a shareholders meeting no later than the day immediately preceding the Effective Day.

• 否認権限を有する監督委員又は管財人は、第百二十七条第一項若しくは第三項又は第百二十七条の二第一項に規定する行為を否認しようとするときは、前条第一項の規定により再生債務者財産に復すべき財産の返還に代えて、相手方に対し、当該財産の価額から前三項の規定により共益債権となる額（第一項第一号に掲げる場合にあっては、再生債務者の受けた反対給付の価額）を控除した額の償還を請求することができる。
• A supervisor empowered to avoid or a trustee, when he/she intends to avoid an act prescribed in Article 127(1) or (3) or Article 127-2(1), in lieu of requesting return of the property that should be returned to the rehabilitation debtor's assets pursuant to the provision of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, may request the other party to reimburse the amount obtained by deducting the amount that shall be included in the scope of common benefit claims pursuant to the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs (in the case set forth in paragraph (1)(i), the value of the counter-performance received by the rehabilitation debtor) from the value of said property to be returned.

• とかく親幕派・公武合体を進めた公卿として知られるが、一方で家宣の死後に新井白石の斡旋で行われた霊元上皇皇女の八十宮（吉子内親王）の将軍徳川家継への降嫁（これは一転して幕府との関係改善に乗り出した霊元上皇と近衛熈子（出家して天英院）の排除を策する家継生母月光院との思惑の一致による側面もあった）には朝廷の尊厳を損なうとして強く反対するなど朝臣として幕府とは距離をとることも忘れなかった。
• While Motohiro was known as the Kugyo who promoted the shogunate marital union with the imperial family, he strongly opposed the Koka (marriage of an imperial princess to a subject) of Yasonomiya (Imperial Princess Yoshiko), the daughter of the Retired Emperor Reigen, to Shogun Ietsugu TOKUGAWA after the death of Ienobu under recommendation from Hakuseki ARAI (this was probably due to an attempt by Ietsugu's biological mother, Gekkoin, to get rid of Retired Emperor Reigen, who tried to improve the relation with the bakufu, and Hiroko KONOE (who became a monk called Teneiin)), and did not forget to distance himself from the bakufu as Choshin (Imperial retainer).

• 一方、西郷も大隈を「俗吏」とみなして嫌っていたとされ、特に明治4年（1871年）の西郷上京の際に書かれた「西郷吉之助意見書」では名指しこそ避けたものの大隈の政策を「武士のやること」ではないと切捨て、更に同年に西郷の推挙で大蔵省入りした安場保和が大隈への弾劾意見書を提出したこと（西郷も大久保もこれには反対したために却下された）によって、大隈の西郷への反感は抜きがたいものになったとされる。
• It is said that Saigo also hated Okuma as a 'snobbish public servant,' and in 'The Written Opinions of Kuranosuke SAIGO,' which he wrote before coming to Tokyo in 1871, although he did not directly mention him by name, he criticized Okuma's policy as one which was 'not the policy of warriors,' and then Yasukazu YASUBA, who entered the Ministry of Finance the same year with the recommendation of Saigo, submitted a written proposal for the impeachment of Okuma (which was rejected because both Saigo and Okubo opposed it.), making Okuma's antipathy towards Saigo much stronger.

• なお、外部塗色については8000系導入時と9300系導入時に新色採用（メタリックオレンジやマルーンの帯化などが検討された）の案が持ち上がった事があるが、利用者や社内からも抗議や反対意見が続出したため、6000、7000系列の屋根肩部分をアイボリー色に改める以外は廃案となった（ただし現在でも、利用者や部内の中からはアイボリー帯を車体裾部分にも設ける程度であれば良いとの意見も少数ながら存在している）。
• When the Series 8000 and 9300 were introduced, a new coating color was proposed (the introduction of metallic orange coating or a maroon-colored belt on the body was studied); however, many users and company staff opposed these new ideas and they were rejected except for changing the color of the roof edge to ivory for the Series 6000 and 7000 (however, even today a few users and company staff continue to insist that an ivory belt at the bottom of the car body or something similar should be admissible).

• これによって一見すると守護大名の領域に治外法権地域が生まれる事になり、室町幕府の支配系統に障害が生じたかのように見られるが、実態はそれとは反対で守護領国制の強化によって守護大名による領国一円支配を阻止してその勢力拡大を抑制するとともに、特権を受けた御家人層は幕府権力への依存を強めてこの権利を維持しようと図り、幕府にとっては守護大名に対抗するための政治的・経済的・軍事的な基盤を支える支持の形成に効果があった。
• Although this could have apparently produced a chigaihoken (extraterritoriality) area in the domains of shugo daimyo and seems to have caused an obstacle in ruling systems of the Muromachi bakufu, in fact, contrary to that, by tightening of the shugo-ryogoku system (the system that a shugo dominates a manor), it prevented shugo daimyo from executing ryogoku ichien shihai (ruling the whole region of the territory) and suppressed expansion of his power, and at the same time, the privileged gokenin class tried to maintain this privilege by increasing dependence on the bakufu powers, which helped the bakufu form support for political, economic, and military bases to confront the shugo daimyo.

• このことは藤原定家と源光行らが共にほぼ同じ資料を前にして、当時の本文の状況を「さまざまに異なった本文が存在し、その中のどれが正しいのかわからない。」と認識していたにもかかわらず、定家は「その疑問を解決することはできなかった。」という意味のことを述べ、源光行は「さまざまな調査の結果疑問をすっきりと解決することができた。」という意味のことを述べるという正反対の結論に達していることともよく対応していると考えられて来た。
• It has been considered that this corresponded to the exact opposite conclusions drawn by FUJIWARA no Sadaie and MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki in the context of nearly the same material and with the recognition that 'the existence of different texts make it difficult to find out which one is correct': Sadaie said, 'It was impossible for me to solve the question,' and Mitsuyuki said, 'I was able to solve the question completely after various investigations were conducted.'

• 特に、1887年に条約改正や欧化政策に対する反発から伊藤に対して宮内大臣を辞任を要求する意見が宮中側近側より出た際には、天皇は伊藤の辞任を認めず、引き続き宮内大臣の職と憲法草案作成の職務にあたるように指示し、宮中側近側にあった農商務大臣谷干城が条約改正案反対の上奏を行おうとした際には元田による谷への謁見の勧めにも関わらず、「機務六条」の原則を理由に外務大臣の職務を犯すべきではないとしてこれを受け入れずに、谷の更迭を許した。
• Especially when supporters of his close advisors in the Imperial court demanded Ito to resign from the Imperial Households Minister in 1887 in protest against the revision of the treaty and his Europeanization policy, the Emperor did not accept Ito's resignation and, instead, ordered him to continue to serve as the Imperial Households Minister and to work on the draft constitution, and also when Tateki TANI, the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce on the side of Emperor's close advisors in the Imperial court, attempted to report against the proposal for revision of the treaty to the throne, the Emperor would not see Tani against Motoda's advice, saying he should not violate the duties of the Minister of Foreign Affairs according to the principles of 'Kimu rokujo' and allowed to remove Tani.

• 信用協同組合等が前項後段の規定により総会の議決を経ないで事業の全部又は一部の譲受けをする場合において、信用協同組合等の総組合員又は総会員の六分の一以上の組合員又は会員が次項の規定による公告又は通知の日から二週間以内に事業の全部又は一部の譲受けに反対する旨を信用協同組合等に対し通知したときは、事業の全部又は一部の譲受けをする日の前日までに、総会の決議によつて、当該事業の全部又は一部の譲受けに係る契約の承認を受けなければならない。
• In the case where a credit cooperative, etc. receives a transfer of all or part of the activities without the resolution of the general meeting pursuant to the provisions of the second sentence of the preceding paragraph, if at least one-sixth of all partner of the credit cooperative, etc. have notified the credit cooperative, etc. of their opposition to receiving the transfer of all or part of such activities within two weeks from the date of public notice or notice under the provisions of the following paragraph, then a credit cooperative, etc. shall have the contract for the receipt of the transfer of all or part of the activities approved by a resolution of the general meeting by the day preceding the day on which it receives the transfer of all or part of the activities.

• この頃、本土では、薩摩の意見も取り入れ、文久2年（1862年）7月に松平慶永が政事総裁職、徳川慶喜が将軍後見職となり（文久の幕政改革）、閏8月に会津藩主松平容保が京都守護職、桑名藩主松平定敬が京都所司代となって、幕権に回復傾向が見られる一方、文久3年（1863年）5月に長州藩の米艦砲撃事件、8月に奈良五条の天誅組の乱と長州への七卿落ち（八月十八日の政変）、10月に生野の変など、開港に反対する攘夷急進派が種々の抵抗をして、幕権の失墜をはかっていた。
• At this time, in July 1862, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA became the president of political affairs, and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA became the Shogun-kokenshoku officer (reformation of shogunate administration in Bunkyu) that took in Satsuma's opinion; also, on the main island, in an intercalary year on August, Katamori MATSUDAIRA of the lord of the Aizu domain attained the title of Kyoto Shugoshoku, and Sadaaki MATSUDAIRA of the lord of the Kuwana domain became Kyoto Shoshidai (the local governor of Kyoto), and the power of the Bakufu (feudal government) was showing an inclination to reconstruction, however in May 1863, the Choshu domain caused an incident in that gunfire at a North American ship was discharged and the Tenchugumi-no-ran War at Nara Gojo, and the seven nobles outrunning to Choshu (Coups of August eighteenth) occurred in August, and Ikuno-no-Hen (Conspiracy of Ikuno) occurred in October, and also the radical Joi (those who held to the principle of excluding foreigners) group, which was against opening the port, provided resistance several times to thward the plans of the domain.

• 意思表示をすべきことを債務者に命ずる判決その他の裁判が確定し、又は和解、認諾、調停若しくは労働審判に係る債務名義が成立したときは、債務者は、その確定又は成立の時に意思表示をしたものとみなす。ただし、債務者の意思表示が、債権者の証明すべき事実の到来に係るときは第二十七条第一項の規定により執行文が付与された時に、反対給付との引換え又は債務の履行その他の債務者の証明すべき事実のないことに係るときは次項又は第三項の規定により執行文が付与された時に意思表示をしたものとみなす。
• When a judgment or any other judicial decision ordering the obligor to manifest his/her intention has become final and binding, or when a title of obligation pertaining to a settlement, acknowledgment, mediation or labor tribunal judgment has been established, the obligor shall be deemed to have manifested his/her intention at the time when such judicial decision became final and binding or such title of obligation was established; provided, however, that if the manifestation of intention by the obligor relates to actualization of a fact to be proved by an obligee, the obligor shall be deemed to have manifested his/her intention at the time when a certificate of execution was granted pursuant to the provisions of Article 27(1), and if it relates to an exchange with counter-performance or relates to absence of a fact to be proved by the obligor such as performance of an obligation, the obligor shall be deemed to have manifested his/her intention at the time when a certificate of execution was granted pursuant to the provisions of the following paragraph or paragraph (3).

• 差し押さえられた債権が、条件付若しくは期限付であるとき、又は反対給付に係ることその他の事由によりその取立てが困難であるときは、執行裁判所は、差押債権者の申立てにより、その債権を執行裁判所が定めた価額で支払に代えて差押債権者に譲渡する命令（以下「譲渡命令」という。）、取立てに代えて、執行裁判所の定める方法によりその債権の売却を執行官に命ずる命令（以下「売却命令」という。）又は管理人を選任してその債権の管理を命ずる命令（以下「管理命令」という。）その他相当な方法による換価を命ずる命令を発することができる。
• When a seized claim is one subject to a condition or one with a due date, or when it is difficult to collect such claim since it relates to counter-performance or due to any other grounds, the execution court may, upon petition by the obligee effecting a seizure, issue an order to transfer such claim to the obligee effecting a seizure at the price specified by the execution court in lieu of payment (hereinafter referred to as a 'transfer order'), issue an order that orders a court execution officer to sell such claim by the method specified by the execution court in lieu of collection (hereinafter referred to as a 'sale order'), issue an order to appoint an administrator and order the administrator to conduct administration of such claim (hereinafter referred to as an 'administration order'), or issue any other order that orders a realization through a reasonable method.

• 大久保は、説得に大院君が耳を貸すとは思えず西郷が朝鮮に行った場合必ず殺される（殺されずとも大院君が使節を拒否した場合は開戦の大義名分になってしまう）、そうなった場合結果的に朝鮮と開戦してしまうのではないかという危機感、当時の日本には朝鮮や清、ひいてはロシアとの関係が険悪になる（その帰結として戦争を遂行する）だけの国力が備わっていないという戦略的判断、外遊組との約束を無視し、危険な外交的博打に手を染めようとしている残留組に対する感情的反発、朝鮮半島問題よりも先に片付けるべき外交案件が存在するという日本の国際的立場（清との琉球帰属問題（台湾出兵参照）、ロシアとの樺太、千島列島の領有権問題、イギリスとの小笠原諸島領有権問題、不平等条約改正）などから猛烈に反対、費用の問題なども絡めて征韓の不利を説き延期を訴えた。
• OKUBO didn't think Daewongun lend an ear to persuasion, and thought SAIGO will be killed (even if he won't be killed, if Daewongun rejected the envoy, it can be a legitimate reason for outbreak of war) inevitably when he went to Korea, and he felt a sense of danger that they will start the war with Korea as a result, and his strategic decision that Japan doesn't have national strength at that time to strain the relationship (as a result, wage a war) with Korea, Qing, and eventually Russia, an emotional backlash to the remaining group that ignored agreement and about to dabble in diplomatic gambling, he strongly opposed because of the presence of a diplomatic matters (Ryukyu attribution issue with Qing [see the Taiwan expedition], territorial right problem on Sakhalin and Kurile Islands with Russia, territorial right problem on Ogasawara Islands [Bonin Islands] with England, revision of the unequal treaty) that must be dealt with before Korean Peninsula problem on Japanese international standing, and he correlated it with expenses etc and appealed postponement by telling disadvantage of subjugation of Korea.

• 会社法第百十六条第三項、第四項、第六項及び第七項（反対株主の株式買取請求）、第百十七条第二項から第六項まで（株式の価格の決定等）、第八百六十八条第一項（非訟事件の管轄）、第八百七十条（第四号に係る部分に限る。）（陳述の聴取）、第八百七十一条本文（理由の付記）、第八百七十二条（第四号に係る部分に限る。）（即時抗告）、第八百七十三条本文（原裁判の執行停止）、第八百七十五条（非訟事件手続法の規定の適用除外）並びに第八百七十六条（最高裁判所規則）の規定は、特定目的会社の優先出資社員による優先出資買取請求について準用する。この場合において、同法第百十六条第三項及び第七項中「第一項各号の行為」とあるのは「資産流動化計画の変更」と、同条第三項中「当該行為が効力を生ずる日」とあるのは「資産流動化法第百五十三条第二項に規定する計画変更決議の日」と、「同項各号に定める株式の」とあるのは「その」と、「当該行為を」とあるのは「当該資産流動化計画の変更を」と、同法第百十七条第二項、第五項及び第六項中「株式の」とあるのは「優先出資の」と、同項中「、株券」とあるのは「、優先出資証券」と読み替えるものとするほか、必要な技術的読替えは、政令で定める。
• The provisions of Article 116(3), (4), (6), and (7) (Dissenting Shareholders' Share Purchase Demand), Article 117(2) to (6) inclusive (Determination of Price of Shares), Article 868(1) (Jurisdiction over Non-Contentious Cases), Article 870 (limited to the portion pertaining to item (iv)) (Hearing of Statements), the main clause of Article 871 (Appending of a Reason), Article 872 (limited to the portion pertaining to item (iv)) (Immediate Appeal), the main clause of Article 873 (Stay of Execution of the Judicial Decision of the Prior Instance), Article 875 (Exclusion from Application of the Provisions of the Non-Contentious Cases Procedures Act), and Article 876 (Supreme Court Rule) of the Companies Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Demands for the Purchase of Preferred Equity made by the Preferred Equity Members of a Specific Purpose Company. In this case, the phrase 'act in any item of paragraph (1)' in Article 116(3) and (7) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'change to the Asset Securitization Plan,' the phrases 'the day when such act becomes effective,' 'of the shares provided for in each item of that paragraph,' and 'such act' in Article 116(3) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'the day of the Resolution for Changing the Plan set forth in Article 153(2) of the Asset Securitization Act,' 'thereof,' and 'changes to the Asset Securitization Plan,' respectively, the phrases 'of the shares' in Article 117(2) and (6) of the Companies Act and 'for such shares' in paragraph (5) of that Article shall be deemed to be replaced with 'of the Preferred Equity,' the term 'share certificates' in Article 117(6) of that Act shall be deemed to be replaced with 'Preferred Equity Securities,' and any other necessary technical replacement of terms shall be specified by a Cabinet Order.