匠: 1000 Terms and Phrases

• 匠
• workman
• artisan
• mechanic
• carpenter
• craft
• skill
• means
• idea
• Shou
• Shouji
• Takumi
• Takumu

• 梓匠
• cabinetmaker
• woodworker

• 意匠
• design
• design1

• 鵜匠
• cormorant fisherman

• 画匠
• painter
• artist

• 学匠
• scholar
• person studying Buddhism

• 楽匠
• celebrated musician

• 巨匠
• master
• masterhand
• maestro
• titan

• 工匠
• artisan
• mechanic
• Kinunui
• Taku

• 師匠
• master
• teacher
• coach who owns his stable
• professor

• 酒匠
• master of sake
• sake sommelier

• 宗匠
• master
• teacher

• 匠気
• affectation
• desire to be impressive

• 鷹匠
• falconer
• hawker
• Takashou
• Takajou
• Takajo (a hawker)

• 刀匠
• swordsmith

• 名匠
• master craftsman
• skillful worker

• 敬匠
• Keizou

• 賢匠
• Kenshin

• 顕匠
• Kenshou

• 古匠
• Koshou

• 康匠
• Yasuomi

• 香匠
• Kanaru

• 最匠
• Saishou

• 匠一
• Shouichi

• 匠壱
• Shouichi

• 匠逸
• Shouitsu

• 匠永
• Shouei

• 匠央
• Naruhisa

• 匠介
• Shousuke

• 匠間
• Shouma

• 匠吉
• Shoukichi

• 匠久
• Shouji

• 匠原
• Shouhara

• 匠五
• Shougo

• 匠伍
• Shougo

• 匠吾
• Shougo

• 匠悟
• Shougo

• 匠沙
• Shoushi

• 匠哉
• Takuya

• 匠作
• Shousaku

• 匠三
• Shouzou

• 匠司
• Shoushi
• Shouji

• 匠史
• Shoushi

• 匠士
• Shoushi

• 匠子
• Kyouko
• Kinko
• Shouko
• Takumiko
• Naruko

• 匠市
• Shouichi

• 匠志
• Shoushi

• 匠滋
• Shouji

• 匠爾
• Shouji

• 匠七
• Shoushichi

• 匠実
• Takumi

• 匠赦
• Shoujirou

• 匠助
• Shousuke

• 匠丞
• Shousuke

• 匠真
• Takuma

• 匠人
• Takuto

• 匠世
• Takuyo

• 匠蔵
• Shouzou

• 匠造
• Shouzou

• 匠村
• Shouson

• 匠多
• Shouta

• 匠太
• Shouta

• 匠代
• Naruyo

• 匠台
• Takumidai

• 匠町
• Takumichou
• Takumimachi

• 匠田
• Shouta

• 匠斗
• Takuto

• 匠内
• Shouuchi

• 匠南
• Shounan

• 匠二
• Shouji

• 匠之
• Shoushi

• 匠八
• Shouhachi

• 匠美
• Takumi
• Narumi

• 匠文
• Naruaki

• 匠兵
• Shouhei

• 匠平
• Shouhei

• 匠輔
• Shousuke

• 匠巳
• Takumi

• 匠也
• Takuya

• 匠佑
• Shousuke

• 匠祐
• Shousuke

• 匠六
• Shouroku

• 匠和
• Shouwa

• 小匠
• Kodakumi

• 松匠
• Matsushou

• 酔匠
• Suishou

• 宣匠
• Senshou

• 堂匠
• Doushou

• 内匠
• Uchishou
• Uchitakumi
• Uchinaru
• Naishou

• 白匠
• Hakushou

• 八匠
• Hasshou

• 番匠
• Hanshou
• Bankumi
• Banshou
• Banjou
• Bansho (builder)

• 本匠
• Honjou

• 木匠
• Kitsui
• Mokushou

• 里匠
• Sato Takumi (h) (1968.3.7-)

• 萬匠
• Manshou

• 意匠権
• design right
• right(s) to a design
• design rights;
• copyright on registered designs

• 広瀬匠
• Hirose Takumi (h) (1962.8.4-)

• 根本匠
• Nemoto Takumi (h) (1951.3.7-)

• 匠ケ丘
• Takumigaoka

• 匠一朗
• Shouichirou

• 匠一郎
• Shouichirou

• 匠壱朗
• Shouichirou

• 匠壱郎
• Shouichirou

• 匠五朗
• Shougorou

• 匠五郎
• Shougorou

• 匠伍朗
• Shougorou

• 匠伍郎
• Shougorou

• 匠吾朗
• Shougorou

• 匠吾郎
• Shougorou

• 匠三朗
• Shousaburou
• Shouzaburou

• 匠三郎
• Shousaburou
• Shouzaburou

• 匠市朗
• Shouichirou

• 匠市郎
• Shouichirou

• 匠多朗
• Shoutarou

• 匠多郎
• Shoutarou

• 匠太朗
• Shoutarou

• 匠太郎
• Shoutarou

• 匠二朗
• Shoujirou

• 匠二郎
• Shoujirou

• 匠之介
• Shounosuke

• 匠之助
• Shounosuke

• 匠之丞
• Shounosuke

• 匠之輔
• Shounosuke

• 匠之佑
• Shounosuke

• 匠之祐
• Shounosuke

• 小匠川
• Kodagumigawa

• 成田匠
• Narita Takumi (h) (1971.4.26-)

• 鷹匠山
• Takajouyama

• 鷹匠町
• Takashoumachi
• Takajouchou
• Takajoumachi

• 椎木匠
• Shiigi Takumi

• 渡辺匠
• Watanabe Takumi (h) (1982.3.15-)
• Takumi Watanabe

• 島村匠
• Shimamura Takumi (h) (1961.4.22-)

• 東鷹匠
• Higashitakajou

• 内匠屋
• Takumiya

• 内匠田
• Takumida

• 番匠屋
• Banjoya

• 番匠川
• Banjougawa
• Banjo R.

• 番匠谷
• Banshoudani
• Banshouya
• Banjouya

• 番匠町
• Banshouchou
• Banjoumachi

• 番匠鼻
• Banshoubana

• 番匠免
• Banshoumen

• 番匠面
• Banshoumen

• 本匠村
• Honjoumura

• 麻匠呼
• Sonia

• 本意匠
• principal design

• 意匠法
• Design Law
• Design Act

• タカ匠
• falconer

• 匠の里
• Takumi no Sato (Craft Village)

• 内匠寮
• Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans)

• 意匠課
• Design Division

• 下平匠
• Takumi Shimohira

• 御給匠
• Sho Gokyu

• 意匠惨憺
• taxing one's ingenuity in devising something
• agonizing over designing or creating something
• making strenuous efforts to devise good ways and means to do something

• 意匠登録
• registration of a design
• design registration

• 工業意匠
• industrial design

• 飛騨の匠
• historical system whereby the Hida region provided 10 carpenters per village the central government in place of taxes

• 意匠学会
• Japan Society of Design

• 加納鷹匠
• Kanoutakashou

• 五十嵐匠
• Igarashi Shou (h) (1958.9.16-)

• 市谷鷹匠
• Ichigayatakajou

• 匠ひびき
• Takumi Hibiki (h) (1969.8.31-)

• 匠ケ丘町
• Takumigaokamachi

• 匠ヶ丘町
• Takumiokachou

• 小匠ダム
• Kodakumi dam

• 鷹匠小路
• Takashoukouji

• 中村匠也
• Nakamura Takuya (?-2001.9.11)

• 朝倉匠子
• Asakura Shouko

• 東鷹匠町
• Higashitakajoumachi

• 内匠政博
• Takumi Masahiro

• 内匠大夫
• Takumidayuu

• 八匠衆一
• Hasshou Shuuichi (h) (1917.3.30-2004.6.21)

• 番匠大橋
• Banjouoohashi

• 番匠田中
• Banjoutanaka

• 意匠権者
• holder of a design right

• 意匠原簿
• design registry

• 意匠公報
• design bulletin

• 登録意匠
• registered design

• 職匠歌人
• Meistersinger

• 関連意匠
• Related designs

• 秘密意匠
• Secret design

• 細川内匠
• Takumi HOSOKAWA

• 枝村匠馬
• Takuma Edamura

• 山本匠馬
• Shouma Yamamoto

• 建築意匠
• Architectural elements

• 津田匠子
• Shōko Tsuda

• 加納鷹匠町
• Kanoutakashoumachi

• 市谷鷹匠町
• Ichigayatakajoumachi

• 浅野内匠頭
• Asanotakuminokami

• 大聖寺鷹匠
• Daishoujitakajou

• 奈良部匠平
• Narabe Shouhei (h) (1961.3.4-)

• 番匠幸一郎
• Banshou Kouichirou

• 番匠田中町
• Banjoutanakachou

• 意匠登録証
• certificate of design registration

• 組物の意匠
• Design for a set of articles

• 意匠の特徴
• Characteristics of design

• 万葉代匠記
• Manyodaishoki

• 大聖寺鷹匠町
• Daishoujitakajoumachi

• 意匠ねん糸機
• fancy yarn twister

• 意匠登録出願
• application for design registration

• 新意匠考案者
• Creator

• 意匠法の準用
• Mutatis mutandis application of the Design Act

• 一意匠一出願
• One application per design

• 意匠権の効力
• Effect of design right

• 意匠登録表示
• Mark of Design Registration

• 巨匠のひとり
• one of the old masters

• 南海部郡本匠村
• Minamiamabegunhonjoumura

• グロリア式意匠
• Grolier type

• 意匠登録の要件
• Conditions for Design Registration

• 意匠に係る物品
• the article to the design.

• 意匠登録の査定
• Examiner's decision to the effect that a design registration is to be granted

• 長良川鵜匠一同
• All usho of Nagara-gawa River

• 産業工芸・意匠
• Industrial Crafts and Design

• 登録意匠の範囲等
• Scope of registered design, etc.

• 意匠登録無効審判
• Trial for invalidation of design registration

• 意匠原簿への登録
• Registration in the design registry

• 意匠登録証の交付
• Issuance of certificate of design registration

• 数寄屋独特の意匠
• Design unique to sukiya-zukuri:

• 宮内庁式部職鵜匠
• Kunaicho shikibushoku usho
• Kunaicho shikibushoku ujo

• 正四位・内匠頭。
• He was Shoshii (Senior Fourth Rank) and Takumi-no-kami (the head of the Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 本朝明匠略伝　下
• Honcho Myosho Ryakuden Ge

• 意匠制度小委員会
• Design System Subcommittee

• フィレンツェの匠
• The Princes of Florence

• 意匠の創作をした者
• creator of a design

• 意匠登録出願の分割
• Division of applications for design registration

• 意匠権の設定の登録
• Registration of establishment of a design right

• 装束（鵜匠の正装）
• Shozoku (formal clothes of usho)

• 浅野内匠頭の正室。
• The legal wife of Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 浅野内匠頭の実弟。
• Asano Takumi no Kami's younger brother.

• 浅野内匠頭の親類。
• A relative of Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 匠丁（しょうてい）
• Shotei

• 巨匠とマルガリータ
• The Master and Margarita

• 意匠登録の無効の審判
• Trial to invalidate a design registration

• 意匠登録出願をする者
• A person filing an application for design registration

• 42世 池坊専正宗匠
• Forty-second Sosho, Sensho IKENOBO

• 43世 池坊専啓宗匠
• Forty-third Sosho, Senkei IKENOBO

• 44世 池坊専威宗匠
• Forty-forth Sosho, Seni IKENOBO

• 長男の匠人は能楽師。
• His first-born son Takuto is a Nohgakushi.

• 道の駅農匠の郷やくの
• Michi-no-eki Rest Area, Agricultural Craftsman's Home Yakuno
• Nosho no Sato Yakuno roadside station

• 『日本之意匠及情交』
• 'Nihon no Isho oyobi Joko' (Design and Connection of Japan)

• 欧州共同体商標意匠庁
• Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market

• 関連意匠の意匠権の移転
• Transfer of the design right of a Related Design

• 匠人と同世代の能楽師。
• A Nohgakushi in the same generation as Takuto.

• 内匠頭の乱心であろう。
• He must have been out of his mind.

• 「巧匠安阿弥陀仏」時代
• Artisan An Amida Butsu' Period

• 意匠登録及び意匠登録出願
• Design Registrations and Applications for Design Registration

• 意匠の新規性の喪失の例外
• Exception to lack of novelty of design

• 他人の登録意匠等との関係
• Relationship to registered designs, etc. held by others

• 家業は書道・神楽・鷹匠。
• Calligraphy, Kagura (sacred music and dancing performed at shrines) and Takajo (a hawker) were their family businesses.

• 官位は従五位下、内匠頭。
• His official rank was Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• すると鳥匠はこう応えた。
• He replied,

• 千日の勤学より一時の名匠
• Better than a thousand days of diligent study is one day with a great teacher

• 千日の勧学より一日の学匠
• Better than a thousand days of diligent study is one day with a great teacher

• 意匠権等に関する訴えの管轄
• Jurisdiction over Action Relating to Design Right, etc.

• 意匠権者の承諾を得たとき。
• consent of the holder of the design right to do so has been obtained;

• 回復した意匠権の効力の制限
• Restriction on effect of restored design right

• 相葉匠人（あいば たくと）
• Takuto AIBA

• 浅野内匠頭はと答えている。
• Asano claimed as follows.

• 浅野内匠頭の養嗣子となる。
• He was adopted as heir to Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 内匠頭刃傷と浅野家お家断絶
• Takumi no kami's Ninjo and the extinction of the Asano family line.

• 赤穂藩主浅野内匠頭の家臣。
• He was a vassal of ASANO Takumi no Kami, the lord of the Ako clan.

• 母は内匠頭蜂須賀重隆の娘。
• His mother was a daughter of Shigetaka HACHISUKA, takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 道の駅農匠の郷やくの高原市
• Roadside Station Nosho no Sato Yakuno Takahara Market

• 補正後の意匠についての新出願
• New application for amended design

• 意匠登録出願の番号及び年月日
• the number and the filing date of the application for the design registration;
• the number and the filing date of the application for design registration;

• 酒匠館（兵庫県神戸市東灘区）
• Sakashokan (Higashi-Nada Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture

• 二楽荘本館の華麗な意匠と庭園
• The gorgeous design and garden of the main building of Nirakuso

• 登録料の追納による意匠権の回復
• Restoration of design right by late payment of registration fees

• 特許庁は、意匠公報を発行する。
• The Patent Office shall publish the Design Bulletin (Isho Koho).

• 意匠登録証の再交付を請求する者
• persons filing a request for the re-issuance of the certificate of design registration;

• 45世 池坊専永宗匠（現家元）
• Forty-fifth Sosho, Senei IKENOBO (current iemoto)

• また神楽・鷹匠をも家業とした。
• They also conducted Kagura and Takajo as their family business.

• 浅野内匠頭と大石内蔵助の親類。
• A relative of Asano Takumi no Kami and Kuranosuke OISHI.

• 内匠寮（たくみりょう）－令外官
• Takumi-ryo (Bureau of skilled artisans) - Ryoge no kan (a post outside the original Ritsuryo code created by Imperial edicts)

• 現在は大宗匠・千玄室と称する。
• He is currently called Dai Sosho or Dai Genshitsu.

• その国の映画制作の巨匠も多い。
• These include many esteemed movie producers.

• 1707年（宝永4年） 内匠頭
• 1707: Takumi no kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans)

• というより頭文字の意匠だね。」
• or his monogram, rather.'

• １３６．鳥匠とシャコとニワトリ
• The Birdcatcher, the Partridge, and the Cock

• 巨匠はアンコールの要請に応じた
• The Maestro assented to the request for an encore

• 前二号に掲げる意匠に類似する意匠
• Designs similar to those prescribed in the preceding two items.

• 普通は意匠的な違いで区別できる。
• Generally, they are distinguished by the difference in their design.

• 職人（鍛冶、鋳物師、紺屋、番匠）
• Craftsmen (blacksmiths, metal casters, dyers, and carpenters)

• 画工司- 808年、内匠寮に統合
• Gako-shi (Bureau taking charge of painting) - merged into Takumi-ryo in 808

• 規模、意匠など勧学院客殿と似る。
• It resembles Kangakuin Kyakuden in scale and design.

• 立体の人物像や意匠を製作すること
• creating figures or designs in three dimensions

• 意匠の国際登録に関するヘーグ協定
• Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs

• 意匠登録を受けることができない意匠
• Unregistrable designs

• 意匠権の存続期間満了後の通常実施権
• Non-exclusive license after expiration of duration of design right

• 小堀遠州風の意匠が随所に見られる。
• Designs of Enshu KOBORI style can be seen here and there.

• 叶匠寿庵（大津）　1958年創業。
• Kano Shojuan (Otsu): Founded in 1958.

• 鵜匠が鵜飼に用いる舟を鵜舟という。
• A boat which usho uses for ukai is called ubune.

• 藩邸の庭先で浅野内匠頭が切腹した。
• Asano Takumi no Kami committed suicide by disembowelment in the courtyard of a hantei (residence maintained by a daimyo).

• 意匠権は、設定の登録により発生する。
• A design right shall become effective upon registration of its establishment.

• 意匠権等の存続期間満了後の通常実施権
• Non-exclusive license after expiration of duration of design right, etc.

• 当該意匠又はこれに類似する意匠の実施
• the using of the registered design or a design similar thereto;

• 再審により回復した意匠権の効力の制限
• Restriction on effect of design right restored by retrial

• 3級・中僧正・学頭・学匠・弘教（紫）
• Third rank: Chusojo, Gakuto (head student), Gakusho (excellent student), Kokyo, (Purple)

• 「この「お師匠さん」は長命だった。」
• 'This 'oshisho-san' (master) lived a long life.'

• 細川内匠……1863年7月迄に離隊。
• Takumi HOSOKAWA: Left the group by July 1863

• 画工司 - 808年、内匠寮に統合。
• Etakumi no Tsukasa or Gakoshi (Bureau of Painting): consolidated into Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 浅野内匠頭の遺骸を引き取り埋葬した。
• He took possession and buried the corpse of Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 浅野内匠頭を即日切腹、改易に処した。
• He punished Asano Takumi no Kami by lowering his rank and forcing him to commit suicide by disembowelment the same day.

• 浅野内匠頭の切腹の検死役をつとめる。
• He served as coroner for Asano Takumi no Kami who later committed suicide by disembowelment.

• 1889年（明治22年）宮内省内匠寮
• In 1889, he was assigned to the Uchi no takumi ryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) of the Imperial Household Department.

• 意匠権者の氏名又は名称及び住所又は居所
• the name, and the domicile or residence of the holder(s) of the design right;

• - カフェ叶匠壽庵（和洋菓子の喫茶店）
• - Cafe Kano Shojuan (A western- and Japanese-style confectionery shop)

• 4級・権中僧正・学頭・学匠・弘教（紫）
• Fourth rank: Gon-Chusojo, Gakuto, Gakusho, Kokyo, (Purple)

• 内匠寮史生・大蔵省・木工寮・主殿寮・他
• Takumiryo Shisho (low-ranking scribes in the Bureau of Skilled Artisans), Okura-sho (Ministry of the Treasury), Mokuryo (Bureau of Carpentry), Tonomoryo (Bureau of Grounds) and others

• 墓所は和歌山県和歌山市鷹匠町の珊瑚寺。
• His grave remains in the Sango-ji Temple in Takajo-machi, Wakayama City, Wakayama Prefecture.

• - 初代中村歌右衛門_(初代)の師匠。
• He was a tutor of Utaemon NAKAMURA the first.

• 天皇は匠に命じて、仏像2体を造らせた。
• The Emperor ordered a Takumi (craftsman) to make two Buddha statues using this camphor tree.

• 以前は鷹匠術で使われた広く布種したタカ
• a widely distributed falcon formerly used in falconry

• 意匠の創作をした者の氏名及び住所又は居所
• the name and domicile or residence of the creator of the design; and

• その意匠登録が条約に違反してされたとき。
• where the design registration has been granted in violation of a treaty;

• 妻壁・破風板などを含む屋根の意匠のこと。
• It refers to the design of a roof including gable wall and gable board.

• 正福寺地蔵堂も同様な意匠を採用している。
• The Jizo-do of Shofuku-ji Temple adopts the same design.

• 纏は各組により様々な意匠が凝らしてある。
• Design of Matoi is elaborated by each brigade in various ways.

• 松之大廊下で浅野内匠頭から刃傷を受ける。
• He was stabbed by Asano Takumi no Kami in the Matsu no Oroka (Great Pine Corridor).

• 師匠塚・筆子塔・筆子碑という場合もある。
• It also referred as shisho-zuka, fudeko-to or fudeko-hi.

• 4代目以降は女系で踊りの師匠が名乗った。
• After the fourth the female line was formed, and a master of the dance succeeded to the family name.

• 浅野内匠頭は切腹、赤穂藩は改易となった。
• Asano Takumi no Kami was punished with seppuku (disembowelment), and Ako Domain had 'kaieki' sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties).

• その絵画はオランダ人の巨匠の作品である。
• The painting is the work of a Dutch master.

• まだ少年の頃から、師匠達を凌駕していた。
• and while yet a lad he had surpassed his teachers.

• キング・オブ・フィルム/巨匠たちの60秒
• Lumière and Company

• 当該意匠又はこれに類似する意匠の善意の実施
• using of the said design or a design similar thereto without knowledge;

• 華麗な室内意匠は実に王朝絵巻にふさわしい。
• The splendid interior design was really suitable for a picture scroll for a dynasty.

• 鵜飼観覧船のりばにて鵜匠による鵜飼の説明。
• Explanation about ukai is done by usho at the boarding place.

• 内匠寮（令外） - 聖武天皇のとき、設置。
• Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) (a post not included in the original Ritsuryo code): established at the age of the Emperor Shomu.

• 5万石の浅野内匠頭の収入に及ぶべくもない。
• It was nothing compared to Asano Takumi no Kami's income of 50,000 koku.

• 院使御馳走役として浅野内匠頭の相役だった。
• He was a messenger to Asano Takumi no Kami and in charge of entertainment.

• 師匠歌川国芳譲りの武者絵が特に秀逸である。
• His warrior paintings are superb, the technique for which he got from his master Kuniyoshi UTAGAWA.

• 主君浅野内匠頭と同じ高輪泉岳寺に葬られた。
• He was buried in Sengaku-ji Temple in Takanawa, the same burial place as Asano Takumi No Kami, his lord.

• 道の駅農匠の郷やくのの、最寄り駅でもある。
• It's the station nearest to Nosho no Sato Yakuno, a roadside facility.

• 仏塔建築としては他に類例のない意匠を示す。
• This pagoda boasts an incomparable elaborate design for Buddhist pagoda architecture.

• 意匠登録出願人の氏名又は名称及び住所又は居所
• the name, and domicile or residence of the applicant for the design registration;
• the name and domicile or residence of the applicant for design registration; and
• the name, and domicile or residence of the applicant for design registration;

• 意匠権の設定、移転、消滅、回復又は処分の制限
• the establishment, transfer, lapse, restoration or restriction on disposition, of a design right;

• 匠丁は木工寮や修理職に所属して工事を行った。
• Belonging to Mokuryo (Bureau of Carpentry) or Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs), Shotei were engaged in construction work.

• 以下は一関藩の『内匠頭御預かり一件』による。
• The following is according to 'takumi-no-kami oazukari ikken' (Record of Natganori ASANO in custody).

• 1892年（明治25年）宮内省内匠寮に出仕。
• 1892: He entered government service in Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) of Kunaisho (Imperial Household Ministry).

• 官位は従五位下、従四位下、内匠頭、丹後国守。
• He was awarded the ranks of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Grade, Lower Rank) and Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Grade, Lower Rank) and was given official titles as takumi no kami (the head of the Bureau of Skilled Artisans) and Tango no kuni no kami (governor of Tango Province).

• 生涯、誠実一途に我が道を貫いた巨匠であった。
• Tasaka was a great master who stuck faithfully to his own path throughout his life.

• ベネツィア派の巨匠（1490年−1576年）
• old master of the Venetian school (1490-1576)

• 公の秩序又は善良の風俗を害するおそれがある意匠
• a design which is liable to injure public order or morality;

• そのため、鵜匠は鵜にも休暇を与えることがある。
• Therefore, ujo sometimes gives a holiday to their cormorants.

• 師匠宅の雑用も寄席での裏方仕事もしなくてよい。
• He doesn't have to do any chores at the master's residence or do background work at the yose.

• 鵜の捕った鮎は鵜匠のより吐き篭に吐かせられる。
• Usho gets cormorants to spit out sweetfishes into a basket.
• Then the ujo has the cormorants vomit the ayu into a fish basket.
• Ujo gets cormorants to let them spit out ayu into a basket.

• 長良川の鵜匠は職名「宮内庁式部職鵜匠」である。
• The job title of usho of Nagara-gawa River is 'Kunaicho shikibushoku usho.'

• のちに官営工房の再編で内匠寮として再編された。
• Later, it was restructured into Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) with a restructuring of government craft center.

• 八代市東陽町の石匠館の近くに生家が残っている。
• His birthplace remains near Sekisho-kan Museum.

• 華厳宗の学匠で『八宗綱要』等多数の著作がある。
• He was a master and wrote many books such as 'Hasshu Koyo'.

• この包丁・・・有名な刀匠が作ったものなんです。
• This carving knife ... it's one made by a famous swordsmith.

• 前項の規定は、国に属する意匠権には、適用しない。
• The preceding paragraph shall not apply to design rights belonging to the State.

• 家康には鷹匠組なる技術者が側近として付いていた。
• Ieyasu appointed Takajo-gumi, astringers, that is, technicians of Taka-gari, and assigned them as his aides.

• それぞれの店の師匠筋などの影響も強く感じられる。
• This suggests that the restaurant owners have been strongly influenced by their masters, etc.

• 内匠寮から上る毬子29を柳営に盛って、机に置く。
• Ryuei (柳営) piled with 29 balls provided by Nishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) is put on the table.

• 他に、真打の敬称は、落語では師匠、講談では先生。
• Other differences include honorific title for shinuchi (star performer): shisho (master) in rakugo and sensei (teacher) in kodan.

• 創風会所属のシテ方の能楽師で、憲人の最初の師匠。
• A shite-kata Nohgakushi belonging to the Sohu Association and Norito's first master.

• 忠臣蔵では浅野内匠頭切腹の際に最後の対面をした。
• He was the last person to see Asano Takumi no Kami in the Chushingura (The Loyal Retainers' Treasury) before he committed Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment).

• 目付として浅野内匠頭の切腹の副検死役をつとめる。
• As metsuke, he fulfilled the role of assistant coroner to Asano Takumi no Kami who later committed suicide by disembowelment.

• 弁官（官務・史 (律令制)・内匠寮・官掌・弁侍）
• Benkan (officials of the dajokan [Grand Council of State] including Kanmu [the collective name for the offices of the sadaishi or senior recorder of the left, and the udaishi or senior recorder of the right], Shi [clerks], Takumiryo [Bureau of Skilled Artisans], Kajo[officials under Benkan and in charge of supervising Shibu] and 弁侍)

• 同時期、狩野派の巨匠狩野芳崖などに教えを受ける。
• Around the same time, he took lessons from Hogai KANO, a great master of the Kano School, and others.

• しかし師匠以上に構図や技法の点で工夫が見られる。
• The paintings also feature in the composition and techniques that he elaborated on what he got from his master.

• 主君浅野内匠頭と同じ江戸高輪の泉岳寺に葬られた。
• He was buried in the Sengaku-ji Temple in Takanawa, Edo, which is the same temple his lord Asano Takumi-no-kami was buried.

• 亡骸は主君浅野内匠頭と同じ高輪泉岳寺に葬られた。
• His body was buried in the same temple, Takanawa Sengaku-ji Temple, as his lord Takuminokami ASANO.

• 三論宗の法匠であり、成実宗にも通じていたという。
• He was Hosho (master of Buddhism) of the Sanron Sect (Madhyamika school founded originally by Nagarjuna, which was brought in from China in 625 by Ekwan and was headquartered in Horyu-ji Temple in Nara, the sect belonged to the Provisional Mahayana school) and was supposedly familiar with the Jojitsu Sect (Satya-siddhi-sastra Sect).

• 1966年 成安女子短期大学意匠科染料コース卒業
• 1966: She graduated from Designs and Dye Course of Seian College of Art and Design.

• 「延若」は師匠だった實川額十郎の俳名に由来する。
• Enjaku' is originated from the Haimyo (also known as Haimei; the term originally refers to a pen name as a haiku poet, but it also refers to a kabuki actor's offstage name which can be used officially and privately) of the former master Gakujuro JITSUKAWA.

• 巨匠によって示された技能、なめらかさ、または流儀
• technical skill or fluency or style exhibited by a virtuoso

• 他人の業務に係る物品と混同を生ずるおそれがある意匠
• a design which is liable to create confusion with an article pertaining to another person's business; or

• 鵜飼漁をする人を鵜匠（うしょう・うじょう）と呼ぶ。
• The person who is engages in Ukai fishing is called Usho or ujo.

• 岐阜県関市（長良川） 宮内庁式部職鵜匠による鵜飼。
• Seki City, Gifu Prefecture (Nagara-gawa River) Ukai by ujo, Shikibu-syoku of the Imperial Household Agency.

• 初期：八橋検校の弟子で生田検校の師匠である北島検校
• The early Edo period: Kitajima Kengyo, a disciple of Yatsuhashi Kengyo and a tutor of Ikuta Kengyo

• 宗匠は、その床しき風味に感じ「利休饅頭」と付けた。
• The sojo was impressed by its refined taste and named it 'Rikyu manju'.

• 小瀬鵜飼は、宮内庁式部職鵜匠によって行われている。
• Oze ukai is conducted by Kunaicho shikibushoku ujo.

• 典鋳司 - 光仁天皇のとき、中務省の内匠寮に統合。
• Office of Casting: consolidated into Takumiryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) of Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs) during the age of the Emperor Konin.

• 漆部司 - 平城天皇のとき、中務省の内匠寮に統合。
• Office of Lacquering: consolidated intoTakumiryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) of Nakatsukasasho (Ministry of Central Affairs) during the age of the Emperor Heizei.

• その道に入らむと思ふ心こそ我身ながらの師匠なりけれ
• Your interest in something is itself a credible instructor inside you.

• 景德国師 -- 爛圓（? - ?）大覺国師の師匠。
• Keitoku kokushi (景德国師): Shoen (爛圓) (date of birth and death unknown) was a master of Daikaku kokushi (大覺国師).

• 次に掲げる事項は、特許庁に備える意匠原簿に登録する。
• The following matters shall be registered in the design registry maintained in the Patent Office:

• 意匠登録証の再交付については、経済産業省令で定める。
• Re-issuance of the certificate of design registration shall be prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

• 多くは格式を示すために、特別な意匠とすることがある。
• Many Tenshu sometimes adopted special design to show social status.

• 詩風の革新に務め、近世における詩壇の宗匠と評された。
• Because he tried to innovate in the mood of poet, he is referred to as the 'Master of Parnassus' of the early-modern times.

• 鷹匠組頭に伊部勘右衛門という人が大御所時代までいた。
• Kanemon IMBE had served Ieyasu as a head of Takajo-gumi, astringers, even after Ieyasu retired as Shogun.

• 岐阜県岐阜市（長良川） 宮内庁式部職鵜匠による鵜飼。
• Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture (Nagara-gawa River) Ukai by ujo, Shikibu-syoku of the Imperial Household Agency.

• 違棚や釘隠しや欄間などに凝った意匠を取り入れている。
• It incorporates the elaborated designs for chigaidana, kugikakushi, transom, and so on.

• 前述の師匠宅の仏教における前座（まえざ）説教が語源。
• The origin of the name is from Buddhist teaching called maeza (前座) at the master's residence mentioned above.

• 乗船前には乗船場にて鵜匠による鵜飼の説明が行われる。
• Before getting on board, explanations about ukai is done by usho at the boarding place.

• 勅使御馳走役となった主君浅野内匠頭の補佐に失敗する。
• He failed to support his lord Asano Takumi no Kami, who had become the Imperial envoy in charge of entertainment.

• 860年（貞観 (日本)2）6月5日、内匠頭に遷任。
• On July 1, 860, transferred to the position of Takumi no kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 1904年（明治37） 漆匠、黒田亀吉を父に生まれる
• 1904: Tatsuaki KURODA was born as the son of Japanese lacquer artist Kamekichi KURODA.

• 千利休、津田宗及と共に茶の「三大宗匠」と称せられた。
• He was called 'three great tea masters' along with SEN no Rikyu and Sogyu TSUDA.

• 桃山時代の葡萄棚図屏風に葡萄棚の意匠が残されている。
• Grape Vine Trellis, a folding screen of the Momoyama period, depicts the design of the grape vine trellis.

• 亮禅等、事教相の達匠を輩出し、西院流能禅方を伝える。
• It produced outstanding Jikyoso such as Ryozen, carrying down the Nishinoin style Noh and Zen.

• 学旗の意匠は京都大学の公式サイト上に紹介されている。
• You can see its design on Kyoto University's official website.

• これを聞くと、鳥匠は、シャコを絞めるのをやめにした。
• The Birdcatcher spared his life,

• 巨匠は、国際的なバイオリン奏者をトレーニングしている
• The old master is training world-class violinists

• 物品の機能を確保するために不可欠な形状のみからなる意匠
• a design solely consisting of a shape that is indispensable for securing functions of the article.

• 第十四条第四項の規定により意匠を示すべきことを求める者
• persons requesting disclosure of a design under Article 14(4);

• 法嗣という師匠から弟子へと悟りの伝達が続き現在に至る。
• Transmission of enlightenment from masters to disciples continues down to the present day (Hassu is the disciple who inherited the teaching of the master).

• 歌道の二条派地下（＝じげ）宗匠として梅月堂を創始した。
• As the Nijo school jige (lower class nobles) master of waka poetry, he established Baigetsudo school of waka.

• 刀を作る職の者を「刀工」、「刀匠」、「刀鍛冶」という。
• Craftsmen who make Katana are called 'Toko (sword craftsman),' 'Tosho (sword master)' or 'Katana kaji (swordsmith).'

• こうして鷹を扱う人間は、鷹匠（たかじょう）と呼ばれる。
• A person who practices falconry is called Takajo astringer.

• このような軽妙な意匠をした建物を公家達が好んで建てた。
• The court nobles favored a building of such light and easy designs.

• 荘厳具や意匠と相まって藤原末期の典型的な仏像といえる。
• Considering the ritual decorations and designs as well as these patterns, it can be said that this is a typical Buddha statue around the end of the Fujiwara period.

• 弟子入りを志願した師匠から入門の許可を得た落語家の卵。
• An aspiring rakugoka permitted to initiate by the master to be taken on as his disciple.

• 堀内家（ほりのうちけ）は代々表千家の宗匠を務める茶家。
• The Horinouchi family (Horinouchi-ke) were a hereditary tea family who served as tea masters under the Omotesenke for many generations.

• 順番により漁獲量が変わるため鵜匠にとっては重要である。
• As a haul of fish varies depending on the order, this drawing is important for usho.

• 小瀬の鵜匠は、江戸中期に7人、幕末には5人いたという。
• At Oze, it is said, seven ujo existed in the middle of Edo period and five at the end of Edo period.

• 選定基準：伝統的建造物群が全体として意匠的に優秀なもの
• Selection criterion: A group of traditional buildings presenting excellent design as a whole

• 吉良上野介に刃傷に及んだ浅野内匠頭を取り押さえた旗本。
• He was a shogunal retainer who captured Asano Takumi no Kami, the man who stabbed Kira Kozuke no Suke.

• 不義（ふぎ）主君・師匠・夫など上位者に対する殺人など。
• Fugi means murders of superiors such as lord, master and husband.

• この江戸下向で荒木や内匠頭正室の瑤泉院とも会っている。
• Upon arriving in Edo, he met ARAKI and the wife of Takuminokami, Yozenin.

• その後歌寅は師匠雛山の許しを得て初代桜川大龍を名乗る。
• Later, Utatora called himself Dairyu SAKURAGAWA as his master Hinazan allowed him to take the new name.

• 官位は従五位下、従四位下、丹後国守、佐渡国守、内匠頭。
• His ranks were Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade), Tango no kuni no kami (the governor of Tango Province), Sado no kuni no kami, and takumi no kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 障壁画は竹内栖鳳など、近代日本画の巨匠が担当している。
• The partition paintings are the work of Seiho TAKEUCHI and other modern masters of traditional Japanese painting.

• 内匠寮は神亀5年（728年）聖武天皇の時に新設された。
• Naishoryo was newly established in 728 under Emperor Shomu.

• この美術館はオランダの巨匠が描いた作品がたくさんある。
• This art collection is rich in paintings by Dutch masters.

• 意匠登録出願前に日本国内又は外国において公然知られた意匠
• Designs that were publicly known in Japan or a foreign country, prior to the filing of the application for design registration;

• 分かりやすく解釈すると、師匠が焼いた物という意味である。
• It is the name given to what a master has created, to give an easily understandable explanation.

• 当時は道場などはなく、師匠がとる弟子の数も少数であった。
• At that time, there were no training halls, and masters accepted only a handful of pupils.

• 指南免許を得た者は独立し、新たな師匠となることができた。
• The one given a Shinan-menkyo was able to become independent, and be a new shisho (teacher).

• 天徳 (日本)年間、内匠寮が作り、のちに木工寮が掌った。
• Takumiryo (the Bureau of Skilled Artisans) built it in the Tentoku era, and later Mokuryo (Bureau of Carpentry) took charge.

• 室は左近衛少将伊達村候の娘、継室は内匠頭蜂須賀重隆の娘。
• His lawful wife was a daughter of Muratoki DATE, Sakone no shosho (Minor Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards), and his second wife was a daughter of Shigetaka HACHISUKA, takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans).

• 千利休、今井宗久とともに「茶湯の三大宗匠」と称せられた。
• Along with SEN no Rikyu and Sokyu IMAI, he was referred to as the 'three great masters of tea ceremony.'

• 構成・意匠ともに薮内家の燕庵に共通する点が多く見られる。
• The configuration and design incorporates many features common to the Ennan (tea room) of the Yabunouchi family.

• ベートーベンと勉強し、リストの師匠（1791〜1857）
• studied with Beethoven and was a teacher of Liszt (1791-1857)

• 第十四条第一項の規定により意匠を秘密にすることを請求する者
• A person filing a request for secrecy of the design under Article 14(1)

• なお、これらの功績により、この付近が「匠」と呼ばれている。
• Because of the successful achievements, the area is called 'Takumi' (craft master).

• 使用する糸を選び終わったら紋意匠図をコンピューターに入力。
• After selecting the threads to be used, the Mon design template is inputted into a computer.

• 『匠明』は慶長十五年（1610年）に完成した木割書である。
• 'Shomei' (clarification for the artisan-builder) is kiwarisho (a book describing kiwari) completed in 1610.

• 楽器として製作するため、穴配りに工夫と匠の技が求められる。
• To make it into an instrument, hole positioning requires an intuition and an expert's technique.

• 鵜匠と鵜は呼吸の合った動きを見せ、見事に鮎を捕らえてくる。
• The ujo and cormorants work in harmony and skillfully catch ayu.

• また主に飛騨国から徴発される匠丁（飛騨工）が付属していた。
• Also woodworkers mainly requisitioned from the Hida Province came along with them as their subordinates.

• ハンガリーの作曲家でピアノの巨匠（1811年−1886年）
• Hungarian composer and piano virtuoso (1811-1886)

• 意匠法第五十一条の規定は、第四十五条第一項の審判に準用する。
• The provision of Article 51 of the Design Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a trial under Article 45(1) of this Act.

• この法律で「登録意匠」とは、意匠登録を受けている意匠をいう。
• 'Registered design' in this Act shall mean a design for which a design registration has been granted.

• その意匠登録出願が第七条に規定する要件を満たしていないとき。
• the application for design registration does not comply with the requirements under Article 7; and

• 特許法第二十六条（条約の効力）の規定は、意匠登録に準用する。
• Article 26 (Effect of treaties) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the design registration.

• 法嗣（ほうし、はっす）とは、師匠の教えを受け継いだ人のこと。
• 'Hoshi' (Hassu) refers to a successor of his/her master's teachings.

• イベント出演も多数あり、師匠に倣って「江戸紙切り」と称する。
• She has appeared in events many times, and she calls her performance 'Edo kamikiri,' following her teacher.

• 製管師のなかには、特定の流派や師匠と結びついている者もいる。
• Among makers, there are those who are linked exclusively to a particular lineage or teacher.

• 1448年（文安5年）北野連歌会所宗匠となり、連歌界を指導。
• He subsequently assumed the position of the Master (sojo) of the Kittenisha Manku group in 1448 and played a leading part in the renga circle.

• しかし、鳥匠は、鳥の一羽も捕まえておらず、鳥の罠は空だった。
• The bird-trap was quite empty, as he had caught nothing,

• 特許庁長官は、審査官に意匠登録出願を審査させなければならない。
• The Commissioner of the Patent Office shall direct the examination of applications for design registration by an examiner.

• 後にはこうした意匠に沿った芸能や美術・建築などにも用いられた。
• Later, it also came to mean performing arts, art objects and architecture which were in tune with the spirit of Furyu.

• 黒澤明、小津安二郎、成瀬巳喜男らと並び称される日本映画の巨匠。
• He is one of the greatest filmmakers of Japanese cinema, ranked with Akira KUROSAWA, Yasujiro OZU, and Mikio NARUSE.

• この傑出した巨匠の偉力は今でもアントワープの町に残っています。
• And the greatness of the mighty master still rests upon Antwerp,

• 女紋の意匠は主に家紋を基にしているが、やや女性らしいものが多い。
• The designs of Onnamon are based upon Kamon, but many of them are somewhat feminine.

• 禅宗様の建築では、随所に意匠の工夫や技工の斬新さが見いだされる。
• Architectures of the Zen sect temple style show, at every turn, elaborated designs and novel craftsmanship.
• In Zen-sect style architecture many ingenuities of design and novelties of technique are seen.

• 食事は師匠宅でするので（作るのは見習い本人だが）食費は要らない。
• They don't require food expenses because they eat at the master's residence (though minarai themselves cook).

• 他の錦絵新聞がこの天使の意匠を流用している場合が少なからずある。
• There were not a few cases where other nishiki-e-shinbun used this design of the angels without permission.

• 舟首に篝火を付けた鵜舟に鵜匠が乗り10羽の鵜を手縄をさばき操る。
• The ujo gets aboard on a boat with a bonfire at its bow, and handles a hand rope to control ten cormorants.

• この江戸下向の際に荒木政羽や内匠頭正室の瑤泉院とも会見している。
• He also met Masahane ARAKI and Takumi no Kami's wife Yozenin during his stay.

• 「寺子屋」という呼称の通り、師匠がお寺の住職という例も多かった。
• As the name 'terakoya (a room of temple)' suggests, many teachers were Buddhist priests.

• しかし実際には内匠頭に側室は一人もおらずこの記述は事実ではない。
• However, such description is not true because actually takumi-no-kami had no concubine.

• 鳥匠がハーブ料理を食べようとしていると、不意に友人がやって来た。
• A BIRDCATCHER was about to sit down to a dinner of herbs when a friend unexpectedly came in.

• 本意匠及びその関連意匠の意匠権は、分離して移転することができない。
• The design right of a Principal Design and that of its Related Design may not be transferred independently of each other.

• 次に掲げる行為は、当該意匠権又は専用実施権を侵害するものとみなす。
• The following acts shall be deemed to constitute infringement of a design right or an exclusive license:

• 現代的なビルに日本の伝統的な屋根を載せた非常に特徴的な意匠を持つ。
• Teikan (Imperial Crown) Style; a modern building with a Japanese traditional tile roof, has extremely characteristic features.

• 弟子は片手でする拍手の音を聞いてそれを師匠に示さなければならない。
• A disciple has to listen to the sound of clapping with one hand and show that to the master.

• おもに師匠宅で師匠・その家族のために家事などの下働き・雑用をする。
• They mainly do leg work and chores such as housework for their master and his family at the master's residence.

• 明には、程君房、方于魯などの名匠が出て、形式も現代のようになった。
• In the Ming Dynasty Chengjufang and Fang Yulu, who were called masters of making ink sticks, appeared, and the form of ink sticks became the one used in these days.

• 鵜匠をアーティストと賞賛し「ワンダフル」を連発したと言われている。
• It is said that he hailed usho as artists and kept on saying 'wonderful.'

• 元禄13年（1700年）6月には内匠頭が参勤交代により赤穂を発つ。
• Takumi no kami left Ako for Edo to participate in Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) in June 1700.

• 直正は剣術の才能を師匠に見込まれ、その婿養子にまで取り立てられる。
• Having been recognized for his talent for swordplay by his master, Naomasa was adopted as the husband for the master's daughter.

• 内露地の一部を庇屋根で覆い内部空間化した巧みな意匠で知られている。
• The inner tea garden is partially obscured by the eaves and it is known for its skillful design that emphasizes the interior space.

• 意匠登録無効審判は、意匠権の消滅後においても、請求することができる。
• A request for a trial for invalidation of design registration may be filed even after the lapse of the design right.

• 大久保彦左衛門、画家岸駒（がんく）、拝匠梅室（ばいしつ）の墓が有る。
• This is the cemetery of Hikozaemon OKUBO, an artist, Ganku, 拝匠 and Baishitsu.

• 欧風建築では、ベランダ、ポーチといったものが意匠的には似通っている。
• The function of Engawa is similar to those of verandas or porches in the case of Western architecture.

• 明治の初め、伊勢国の茶道達が千家の宗匠を招き、大神宮献茶会を催した。
• At the beginning of the Meiji era, tea masters in Ise Province held a tea ceremony exhibition at Ise-jingu Shrine inviting the sojo (headmaster) of the Sen family.

• 通常は鵜匠の衣装を着ているが、場合によってPR対象の関連衣装を着る。
• It usually wears the clothes of usho, but it sometimes wear other clothes for PR purpose.

• 2007年現在の小瀬の鵜匠は3人おり、これらは全て代々世襲制である。
• There are three ujo at Oze as of 2007, and all of them have inherited the job based on the hereditary system.

• このため、間近で鵜匠の鵜を操る手縄さばきや鵜が鮎を捕る姿が見られる。
• Therefore, tourists can get a close look at the scene where ujo is handling tenawa and cormorants are catching ayu.

• その後内匠少允や伊勢国大掾を経て嘉祥2年1月に従五位下に叙せられる。
• After working as the Takumi no shojo (an official at Takumiryo [the Bureau of Skilled Artsans]) and as the Ise no kuni no daijo (Senior Secretary of Ise Province), he was conferred Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) in January 849.

• 表面を削ったり腐食させることで意匠や文字をしるすことのできる技術職人
• a skilled worker who can inscribe designs or writing onto a surface by carving or etching

• 意匠権者は、その意匠権について他人に通常実施権を許諾することができる。
• A holder of a design right may grant a non-exclusive license on the design right to any third party.

• しかし、尺八や虚托の師匠としてその質を伝える流れが現在も伝わっている。
• However, its tradition remains in the lineage of masters of shakuhachi bamboo flute or kyotaku flute.

• 鵜匠は岐阜市長良に6人、関市小瀬に3人おり、これらは全て世襲制である。
• There are 6 ujo in Nagara, Gifu City and 3 ujo in Oze, Seki City, and these are all succeeded by heredity.

• 長良川の鵜飼では、1人の鵜匠が一度に12羽もの鵜を操りながら漁を行う。
• In the Ukai of Nagara-gawa River, one ujo conducts fishing using 12 cormorants at once.

• 愈好斎は西洋音楽を愛し、五線譜を意匠に用いた「君が代棗」を好んでいる。
• Yukosai enjoyed the western music and liked a jujube-shaped tea case known as 'Kimigayoso' with a design of staff notation.

• 久田家・堀内家 - 表千家の縁戚であり代々宗匠として表千家を支える茶家
• The Hisada family and the Horinouchi family are the chake (a professional master of the tea ceremony) that are related to Omote-senke and that have supported Omote-senke as tea masters for generations.

• 大書院と小書院とが連なり、ともに数寄屋風の軽妙な意匠で構成されている。
• Oshoin (large Shoin) and Kojoin (Small Shoin) are lined up, both have a light and easy sukiya style design.

• それ以前の巨匠たちが紹介され、評価されるのはもう少しあとのことになる。
• It was a little later when masters who had produced works prior to those painters were introduced to Europe and became appreciated.

• 二条派歌道の宗匠の家柄の一つでもあったので、歌道に関する文書類が多い。
• Being a family of one of the family lineages of a master of Nijo school waka poetry, a large number of documents related to kado (the art of versification) were included..

• 武家官位から浅野内匠頭（あさの たくみのかみ）と呼称されることが多い。
• He is usually called Asano Takumi no Kami because of his Buke-kani(official court titles for samurai).

• 別表第一第一号の定義の欄中「意匠権」の下に「、回路配置利用権」を加える。
• In the 'Definition' row of Appended Table 1, item (i), the term ', layout-design exploitation right' shall be added after the term 'design right.'

• はさみ、ナイフ、包丁その他の利器及びのみ、かんな、のこぎりその他の工匠具
• scissors, general knives, kitchen knives, and other sharp-edged tools, as well as chisels, planers, saws, and other craftsmen tools

• また、このときに師匠・疎石の遺跡といわれる土佐国の吸江寺を再興している。
• At that time, he reconstructed Gyuko-ji Temple in Tosa Province, which was said to be the remain of the temple his mentor Soseki had established.

• なお、同じく民衆への教下活動を行った行基の師匠も道昭であったといわれる。
• In addition, it is said that Gyoki, who was also engaged in an independent mission for the common people, had studied under Dosho.

• 織ることに決まった図案を方眼紙に写し取り配色を決めて「紋意匠図」を作る。
• The design for the weave is copied to graph paper and colors are decided, resulting in a 'Mon design template.'

• 鵜匠と漁場の確保は、大名達にとっても面子に関わる一大事であったのである。
• The securing of ujo and the fishing grounds was very important for the daimyo, and it was concerned with their honor.

• 帰京の後師匠・九代目團十郎の前名を継承して二代目河原崎権十郎を襲名した。
• After returning to Tokyo, he succeeded to the former name of his teacher Danjuro (IX) and took the name Gonjuro KAWARASAKI (II).

• 前述の、師匠宅の家事・雑用の他に、寄席での仕事（前座修行）が課せられる。
• They are expected to work at the yose, the storyteller theater (zenza training) as well as doing the housework and chores at the master's residence mentioned above.

• 端溪の石は細かい彫刻にも向き、様々な意匠の彫刻を施した硯が多く見られる。
• The Duanshi stone is good for fine stone engraving and there are many ink stones engraved in different styles.

• なお、『延喜式』内匠寮式には天皇の瑪瑙帯の材料等が詳しくのせられている。
• 'The Engishiki' (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), showing the manners and customs of the Bureau of Skilled Artisans, describes in detail the materials and other aspects of the agate belts worn by the Emperor.

• (また)、それぞれの弟子たちが自分の師匠を家元に推したという事情がある。
• There was also a background in which each disciple recommended his own master for iemoto.

• 鵜匠の装束は、風折烏帽子、漁服、胸あて、腰蓑という古式ゆかしいものである
• Ujo wears traditional shozoku (formal clothes) including kazaori eboshi (a traditional black fold-back cap), ryofuku (clothes for fishing), muneate (bib) and koshimino (grass skirt).

• 連歌界での活躍は目覚しく、38歳で北野連歌会所奉行及び師匠となっている。
• His activities in the renga society was remarkable and he became the manager and instructor of Kitano Renga-kaisho (place of a gathering of renga poets) at the age of 38.

• 1903年に師匠が没を機会に吉松と改名し花柳流を独立し若柳流を創始する。
• After his master had died in 1903, he changed his name to Yoshimatsu and became independent from the Hanayagi school to found the Wakayagi school.

• 内匠頭夫人の阿久里に吉良が横恋慕した（仮名手本忠臣蔵の影響で広まった）。
• Kira fell in love with the wife of takumi-no-kami, Aguri (spread due to Kanadehon Chushingura [The Treasury of Loyal Retainers]).

• 赤穂城開城後、早水藤左衛門と高野山へ登り、浅野内匠頭の碑を建立している。
• After the Ako-jo Castle surrendered, Kanroku climbed Mt. Koya with Tozaemon HAYAMI and erected a monument of Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 稽古が非常に厳しいことで知られ、「雷師匠」として役者や門弟に恐れられた。
• He was known for bloody hard training, and he was feared as 'Kaminari Shisho' (the master of thunder) by actors and disciples.

• 45世専永宗匠より国際化の流れを受け、海外での活躍・支部拡大がめざましい。
• Since Senei, the 45th sosho (iemoto), Ikenobo has actively worked hard endeavoring to increase overseas branches, influenced by globalization.

• 本来、賀茂氏は安倍氏の師匠筋であり、古代にあっては安倍氏より優位にあった。
• In ancient times the Kamo clan were teacher of the Abe clan, and held a superior status.

• 4月5日　栃木県大田原市の雲巌寺に禅の師匠であった住職・仏頂和尚を訪ねる。
• May 23, 1689, Bacho visited his former zen instructor Buccho-osho, the resident priest of Ungen-ji Temple in Otawara City, Tochigi Prefecture.

• これにより日本画壇の巨匠らとの交わりが始まり、名を高めていくことになった。
• This was the start of his association with the greats of the Japanese art world and his rise to fame.

• 初代の橋本長兵衛の生没年は定かではないが、元々は鷹匠であったともいわれる。
• The dates of birth and death of Chobei HASHIMOTO the first was unknown but he was said to be originally a takajo (hawker).

• 床脇の手前座の壁は腰に明かり障子を嵌め込み、草庵風の意匠も取り入れている。
• Rustic style teahouse design elements are incorporated with a translucent sliding screen in the wooden paneling below the mid-point of the wall of the host's mat adjacent to the alcove.

• 前項の登録があつたときは、次に掲げる事項を意匠公報に掲載しなければならない。
• Where the registration under the preceding paragraph has been effected, the following matters shall be published in the design bulletin:

• 役者絵では歌川国貞が師匠歌川豊国の流れを受け継いで、力強い役者絵を手がけた。
• In the category of Yakushae, Kunisada UTAGAWA, as the successor to his teacher Toyokuni UTAGAWA, drew strong Yakushae.

• 現在は天満天神繁昌亭活動を拠点にするため師匠とともに帰国し大阪中心に活動中。
• Now she's back to Japan with her master to have the activity at Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei theater as their base, and performs mainly in Osaka.

• 馬印以前は幟の一部や四半旗を独自の意匠にして大将周りに置く事が行われている。
• Before umajirushi appeared, part of a banner or a shihan-bata (samurai flag) was changed to another unique design and placed around a general.

• 1957年に戦後初めての銀貨として鳳凰を意匠とする100円銀貨が発行された。
• In 1957, the 100-yen silver coin was issued with the design of a 'Hoo' (a mythological sacred bird in Chinese lore, a phoenix) as the first silver coin minted after the war.

• 刃傷事件後、吉良の取調べにあたり、また浅野内匠頭の切腹の副検死役をつとめた。
• After the sword fight incident, he took charge of the Kira investigation as well as serving as assistant coroner to Asano Takumi no Kami, who later committed suicide by disembowelment.

• が、評判を呼び、職人の意匠手引書などにも用いられることとなって広く普及した。
• However, it received a high reputation and became widespread such as for the manuals of design for craftsmen.

• 『怒涛図』の絢爛たる縁どりの意匠は北斎の下絵に基づき鴻山が描いたものである。
• The gorgeous design on the border of 'Angry Waves' was drawn by Kozan based on a preliminary sketch by Hokusai.

• 絵の師匠は、村重の家臣を父に持つ狩野内膳という説があるがよくわかっていない。
• It is unknown who was his master of painting, although there is a theory that it was Naizen KANO, whose father was a vassal of Murashige.

• そこで舞を磨き、師匠である井上八千代三世 井上八千代にその才能を見出された。
• There she polished her dancing and her skills got her noticed by master teacher Yachiyo INOUE III.

• 内匠寮（ないしょうりょう）は律令制において中務省に属する令外官の一つである。
• Naishoryo is one of the ranks outside the Ritsuryo system belonging to the Nakatsukasa-sho (Ministry of Central Affairs) under the Ritsuryo system.

• この本は寝殿造の庭園に関することが書かれており、その内容は意匠と施工法である。
• In this book, the means by which to design and construct gardens for Shinden-zukuri style (architecture representative (characteristic) of a nobleman's residence in the Heian period) are described.

• 白漆喰の塗られた外壁や破風と屋根・青銅製の鯱などの調和がよく取れた意匠である。
• Its design is well-balanced, with the white stucco exterior walls, gables, and roofs with bronze orcas being in harmony with one another.

• 鵜匠は鵜の鮎を呑んだ瞬間手応えでそれとさとり、ただちに引き上げ、吐籠に吐かす。
• Ujo notices the moment when a cormorant swallows ayu, pulls the cormorant up immediately and makes it spit out into the hakekago.

• この際、師匠の屋号「井筒屋」は使わずに、あえて実家の屋号「河内屋」を転用した。
• At this time, rather than using the stage family name of his teacher which was 'Izutsuya,' he used the family name 'Kawachiya' from his home.

• 木更津市で起きた長唄の師匠・4代目芳村伊三郎の実際の事件を元にしたものである。
• This story is created based on the actual event of Isaburo YOSHIMURA the fourth, a master of Nagauta (long epic song with shamisen accompaniment), which happened in Kisarazu City.

• この鵜匠は岐阜市長良に6人、関市小瀬に3人おり、これらは全て代々世襲制である。
• There are six and three Shikibushoku usho in Nagara, Gifu City and Oze, Seki City respectively, and all of them inherited the job based on the hereditary system.

• 鵜飼観賞と、食事や宿泊をしたい場合は、各鵜匠の家、旅館、ホテルなどに申し込み。
• People who need bed and board in addition to seeing ukai should contact with the house of ujo or hotels.

• 1698年（元禄11年） - 伏見奉行・建部内匠頭、伏見舟200艘の新造を許可
• 1698: TATEBE Takuminokami, Fushimi City magistrate permitted the building of 200 Fushimi-bune Ships.

• その切腹を近藤が「浅野内匠頭でも、こうは見事にあい果てまい」と賞賛したという。
• Kondo praised his Seppuku as 'even Takuminokami ASANO couldn't die this beautifully.'

• 細川内匠（ほそかわたくみ、生没年不詳）は新選組の前身、壬生浪士組の隊士である。
• Takumi HOSOKAWA (years of birth and death unknown) was a member of the Miburoshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).

• 浅野内匠頭が吉良上野介に刃傷に及んだ際に江戸に下向していた院使として知られる。
• He is known as Inshi (a messenger from the retired Emperor) being in Edo-jo Castle when Takuminokami ASANO drew his sword against Kozukenosuke KIRA.

• 日本映画の創生期から戦後にいたるまで、骨太な作品を撮りつづけた「巨匠」である。
• He is a master of Japanese cinema who created numerous works since the creation of the Japanese film industry until the postwar period.

• これらの多くは統廃合によって廃止されたり､内匠寮の圧迫によって衰退していった。
• Most of them were streamlined by merger and abolition or declined under the pressure of Naishoryo.

• 「大きくなってから腹話術師になって、これはえらい師匠に鍛えてもらったんじゃよ。
• 'When I grew up I became a ventriloquist, and at that I was very well trained by a great master.

• 実用新案登録出願人は、その実用新案登録出願を意匠登録出願に変更することができる。
• An applicant of a utility model registration may convert the application for a utility model registration into an application for design registration

• 行基生誕伝承のある地に建てられた自治会館が「匠会館（八区会館）」と呼ばれている。
• The community hall built in the supposed birthplace of Gyoki is called 'Takumi Hall (or Hachiku Hall).'

• 昔は師匠宅に住み込みで身の回りの世話をすることもあったが、現在は通いの方が多い。
• Though some lived in the master's residence and took care of him before, more people live out now.

• 作風は織部焼、伊賀焼、瀬戸焼などの作風や意匠を取り入れ、技巧的で華やかとされる。
• It is said that his style was artful and gorgeous with introducing the style and design of the Oribe-yaki (Oribe ware), Iga-yaki (Iga ware) or Seto-yaki (Seto ware).

• 煎茶道流派としては小川流と並んで最も古い流派であり、「宗匠茶」の代表格とされる。
• As a school of Senchado, it is one of the oldest schools along with the Ogawa-ryu school, and it is considered to be the representative of the 'master in tea ceremony.'

• また今日の塾と違い、当時の寺子屋の師匠は、往々にして一生の師である例も多かった。
• In addition, different from juku (after-school lessons) of the present, a shisho of Terakoya was often a mentor for life.

• 1488年（長享2年）北野連歌所宗匠となり、名実ともに連歌界の第一人者となった。
• In 1488, he was appointed as the Renga Master of Kitano Shrine and became the leading figure in renga circles in both name and reality.

• 百貨店や呉服専門店で意匠の仕事に従事した後、25歳頃より家業である截金を継いだ。
• After he became engaged in design work at a department store and a specialty shop selling kimonos, he took over the family kirikane business around the age of 25.

• その技術、技法は徒弟制度という形で師匠から弟子へ口伝で継承されるのが普通である。
• These skills and techniques are usually passed down orally from master to the student in the apprentice system.

• 上の間には床・付書院を備えているものの、長押は省かれ、簡素で軽やかな意匠である。
• Although the floor and tsuke-shoin (a built-in table) are prepared in the upper room, it does not have a nageshi (a horizontal piece of timber) and presents a simple and light image.

• 意匠登録出願は、経済産業省令で定める物品の区分により意匠ごとにしなければならない。
• An application for design registration shall be filed for each design in accordance with a classification of articles as provided by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

• 第十四条第一項の規定により秘密にすることを請求した意匠に関する書類、ひな形又は見本
• Documents, model or specimen related to a design for which the secrecy is requested under Article 14(1);

• 第五十九条第一項の訴えについての確定判決（意匠権の設定の登録がされたものに限る。）
• final and binding judgments in an action under Article 59(1) (limited to cases where the establishment of a design right has been registered)

• 佐藤太清記念美術館（福知山市立美術館）　城址公園内にあり、意匠を城にあわせている。
• Sato Taisei Memorial Art Museum (Fukuchiyama City Art Museum): it stands in Fukuchiyamajo-koen Park and is modeled after the castle.

• 漆喰大壁を真壁 (建築)に見せるために、柱や、長押を形のみ漆喰で浮かせた壁の意匠。
• It was a wall design to make a Shikkui (plaster) Okabe (whole surface of wall) look like a Shin-kabe (a type of plastered wall in which structural members are exposed) (structure) by having the shapes of pillars and Nageshi stand out on the Shikkui wall.

• 城が築かれていなかった場所や市街地などに、天守の意匠を模して建設されたものをいう。
• It refers to Tenshu which were constructed imitating the design of Tenshu in the locations where no castle existed, or in urban areas, etc.

• 「茶の湯の座敷を数寄屋と名付事は、堺市の宗益云いはじめるなり。」と『匠明』にある。
• In the 'Shomei,' there is a description that says; 'Soeki is the first person to call the tea ceremony house, Sukiya.'

• 準職分家の子弟は職分家に5年間内弟子に入り、師匠から宗家への推薦を得て玄人となる。
• A child of jun shokubunke is supposed to be apprenticed to shokubunke for five years, and after that he will become a professional by recommendation of his master.

• それぞれ専門の職掌の者が行うほかに、謡の稽古の際に師匠がアシライをすることもある。
• Each specialist performs, while a master sometimes conducts Ashirai in practicing Utai (the chanting of a Noh text).

• そのとき、藤屋窓月堂の初代藤波五左衛門が宗匠好みの饅頭をつくり、お茶の伴に用いた。
• At that time, Gozaemon FUJINAMI, the founder of Fujiya Sogetsudo, prepared sojo's favorite manju and provided it for the tea ceremony.

• この鵜匠たちにより期間中に宮内庁の御料場で行われる8回の鵜飼を「御料鵜飼」という。
• Ukai that is conducted by these usho eight times during the season at Kunaicho's goryoba is called 'goryo ukai.'
• Ukai that is conducted by these ujo eight times during the season at Kunaicho's goryoba (fishing ground for the Imperial Court) is called 'goryo ukai.'

• 寺子屋の教師（師匠）には、僧侶・神官・医師・武士・浪人・書家・町人などが多かった。
• The teachers (shisho) of Terakoya were often monks, priests, doctors, bushi, ronin (masterless samurai), calligraphers, and townspeople.

• 書院造につながる和風の住宅風意匠が取り込まれており、東山文化の代表的建築物である。
• The building incorporates design elements from the Shoinzukuri style of Japanese housing and is representative of Higashiyama culture.

• 次に掲げる意匠については、第三条の規定にかかわらず、意匠登録を受けることができない。
• Notwithstanding Article 3, the following designs shall not be registered.

• 特許法第百七十四条第二項の規定は、意匠登録無効審判の確定審決に対する再審に準用する。
• Article 174(2) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to retrial against a final and binding trial decision in a trial for invalidation of design registration

• 意匠公報には、この法律に規定するもののほか、次に掲げる事項を掲載しなければならない。
• In addition to the matters provided for in this Act, the Design Bulletin shall contain:

• 一般に近畿地方方面が経済的先進地域であり、民家にも技術的、意匠的に優れたものが多い。
• Since the Kinki region historically used to be more economically developed than other areas of Japan, there are many minka that were technologically advanced with excellent designs.

• 番匠（ばんしょう/ばんじょう）とは、中世日本において木造建築に関わった建築工のこと。
• Bansho (Bansho/Banjo) were builders engaged in wooden architecture in medieval Japan.

• 通常、刀匠は焼き入れの時には作業場の照明を暗くして、鋼の温度をその光加減で判断する。
• Generally during Yaki-ire, Tosho dims the light of the workshop, and judges the temperature of steel by its glow.

• 光悦の発想と宗達の意匠に宗二の加工技術が調和して、美しいから紙の料紙が生み出された。
• Harmonized with the idea of Koetsu, the design of Sotatsu and the processing technique of Soji, produced a beautiful ryoshi of karakami.

• のちの禅宗様の建築様式は、独特のアーチ形をした曲線を意匠した花灯窓が工夫されている。
• In the later Zen sect architectural style, Katomado (specially shaped windows with many s-shaped curves found in a Zen temple) were devised.

• 俳諧の師匠宝井其角は偶然両国橋で笹売りに身をやつしている赤穂浪士の大高忠雄に出会う。
• Kikaku TAKARAI, a master of Haikai (seventeen-syllable verse), came across Tadao OTAKA, Ako Roshi (lordless samurai of Ako domain), who spent his time selling bamboo grass on the Ryogoku-bashi Bridge.

• 以来、江戸城に毎年鮎を献上するのが慣例となり、鵜匠21戸に各10両の扶持を給与した。
• Since then, it became a practice to offer ayu to Edo-jo Castle every year, and each of 21 usho was entitled a stipend of ten ryo.

• 見所なのは「狩り下り」といい、鵜匠が乗る鵜船と観光客が乗る屋形船が一緒になって下る。
• The highlight is called 'karikudari', which means the time when ubune carrying ujo and yakata-bune (roofed pleasure boat) carrying tourist go down the river side by side,

• 右方のチームカラーは寒色系統（当時は黄色から青紫まで）で、同じく凝った意匠を競った。
• The right team was dressed in cold colors, ranging from yellow to bluish purple at the time, and competed in elaborate design as well.

• 後者は深川芭蕉庵の連歌会などを催し、伝統的な宗匠 と連衆による連歌句作を行っている。
• The latter holds rengakai such as Fukagawa Bashoan (the hut in Fukagawa in which Basho lived), and composes renga by traditional master and renju (people who attend the party to compose poetry).

• 例えば、義経や彼の武術の師匠とされる鬼一法眼から伝わったとされる武術流派が存在する。
• For example, there was a martial art sect that declared that it was originated by Yoshitsune and his martial art master Hogan KIICHI.

• 刃傷事件はこれまでも何件も発生していたが、即日切腹の例は浅野内匠頭が初めてであった。
• Asano Takumi no Kami was the first to be ordered to Seppuku on the same day, though affairs of sword fights had occurred several times before.

• 1817年、一関藩の藩医となり、師匠家の筋にあたる大槻清臣の長女・恵和子と結婚する。
• He became a doctor of the Ichinoseki domain in 1817 and married to Ewako who was the eldest daughter of Kiyomi OTSUKI, a relative of his master.

• 建久2年（1191年）、虚庵から印可（師匠の法を嗣いだという証明）を得て、帰国する。
• In 1191, he received the inka (master's certification of a disciple's completion of training) from Xu'an and returned to Japan.

• 当該登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠に係る物品を譲渡、貸渡し又は輸出のために所持した行為
• possessing an article to the registered design or a design similar thereto for the purpose of assigning, leasing or exporting it.

• 意匠権、専用実施権又は通常実施権を目的とする質権の設定、移転、変更、消滅又は処分の制限
• the establishment, transfer, modification, lapse or restriction on disposal, of a right of pledge on a design right or exclusive or non-exclusive license.

• 特許庁長官は、意匠権の設定の登録があつたときは、意匠権者に対し、意匠登録証を交付する。
• The Commissioner of the Patent Office shall issue the certificate of design registration to the holder of the design right when the establishment of a design right has been registered

• これに破風板などを含めて破風といいこれらを飾る意匠のことを妻飾り（つまかざり）という。
• When a hafu-ita (bargeboard) is included, it is known as 'hafu' and the designs adorning it are called tsumakazari.

• 通常は皆具（水指・杓立・建水・蓋置の4つを同一素材・同一意匠で揃えたもの）を合わせる。
• Generally kaigu (a set of four matched utensils: mizusashi (freshwater container), shakutate (ladle stand), kensui (waste water container), and futaoki (lid rest)) is matched with the shindaisu.

• 新刀以降、地鉄に顕著な全国的差異がないことから、弟子の作を師匠の作等、数多く診られる。
• Using Gimei, including the case of imitating the work by a student as the work by a teacher, is common; there is no obvious difference in iron quality after an appearance of new sword.

• 自分で落語会を開催したり、（師匠とのつながりのない）他の落語会に出演させてもらうこと。
• Holding rakugokai (rakugo show) on his own, or performing at other rakugokai (not related to his master).

• 忠臣蔵（元禄赤穂事件）では大抵の場合高家吉良上野介が浅野内匠頭をいじめる姿が描かれる。
• Most versions of Chushingura (The treasury of Loyal Retainers, also known as Genroku Ako Incident) depict Kira Kozuke no Suke, the master of ceremonies, bullying Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 師匠にあたる伊丹万作の息子・伊丹十三は常連出演者となり影響を強く受けつつ監督デビュー。
• Juzo ITAMI, the son of Mansaku ITAMI who was Ichikawa's master, became a regular actor in Ichikawa's works and debuted as a director that was greatly impressed by him.

• 社会派映画を主に手掛け、戦後日本映画の左翼ヒューマニズムを代表する代表する名匠である。
• Having mainly created social films, he was a great filmmaker representing leftist humanism in Japanese cinema after World War II.

• ロシアのコンサート・ピアニストで、一流の国際的な巨匠であった（1904年−1989年）
• Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)

• 意匠法第五十八条第三項の規定は、第四十五条第一項の審判の確定審決に対する再審に準用する。
• The provision of Article 58(3) of the Design Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a retrial against a final and binding trial decision on a trial under Article 45(1) of this Act.

• その意匠登録出願に係る意匠が条約の規定により意匠登録をすることができないものであるとき。
• the design in the application for design registration is not registrable under the provisions of any relevant treaty;

• 登録意匠及びこれに類似する意匠の範囲については、特許庁に対し、判定を求めることができる。
• A request may be made to the Patent Office for its advisory opinion on the scope of a registered design and designs similar thereto.

• また、禅宗では悟りの伝達である「伝灯」が重んじられ、師匠から弟子へと法が嗣がれて行った。
• In addition, the 'Dento,' which was the transmission of enlightenment, was emphasized in the Zen sect and Buddhism had been succeeded from masters to disciples.

• そして翌年に師匠である夢窓疎石が死去するまでは、その側近として常に侍ったと言われている。
• It is said that he waited on his master, Soseki MUSO, as a close aide, until Soseki passed away in the following year.

• 鵜匠は自宅に20羽前後の鵜を飼っていて、漁に出る数時間前に全ての鵜を捕まえ鵜篭に入れる。
• Usho usually keeps about 20 cormorants at home and put all of them into ukago (a basket to bring cormorants) a few hours before going out fishing.

• しかし、小野木ら西軍の諸将の中にも、幽斎を歌道の師匠として仰いでいる者も少なくなかった。
• However, there were quite a few soldiers including Onogi, who looked up to Yusai as their mentor of tanka poetry, in the western army.

• このうち千馬は直言癖があり、不破は人を斬って、それぞれ内匠頭を激怒させたといわれている。
• It is said both made Takumi no Kami very angry by Chiba speaking his mind plainly and Fuwa killing a person.

• 松尾芭蕉、小林一茶と並び称される江戸俳諧の巨匠の一人であり、江戸俳諧中興の祖といわれる。
• A master of Edo Haikai along with Bashou MATSUO and Issa KOBAYASHI, he is known as the restoration patriarch of Edo Haikai.

• しかしながら上記は浅野内匠頭の墓に対してのもので、実際には次が辞世の句とも言われている。
• Hovever, the above poems were produced for the grave of Takuminokami ASANO while the following is said to be his actual death haiku.

• 1647年（正保4年）大坂天満宮連歌所の宗匠となり、全国に多くの門人を持つようになった。
• After being promoted to the master of a Renga hall at Osakatenmangu Shrine in 1647, he had many disciples nationwide.

• 道真との縁で忠臣との交際を持った紀長谷雄も「当代の詩匠」と評してその死を惜しんだという。
• It is also said KI no Haseo, who knew Tadaomi through Michizane, mourned his death as well saying, 'he was a great poet of the day.'

• 印可（師匠の法を受け継いだというお墨付き）を得て仁治2年（1241年）、日本へ帰国した。
• In 1241, he received inka (certification as a Zen Master) and returned to Japan.

• 聚光院という名は三好長慶の法名「聚光院殿前匠作眠室進近大禅定門」から採られたものである。
• The name 'Juko-in Temple' is derived from 'Jukoinden zenshosaminshitsu shinkindaizenjomon,' the posthumous Buddhist name of Nagayoshi MIYOSHI.

• 忠臣蔵で有名な浅野内匠頭は吉良上野介への刃傷の際に勅使饗応役を務めていたことで知られる。
• It is known that ASANO Takumi no Kami, who was famous for Chushingura (The treasury of Loyal Retainers), served as kyooyaku for the imperial messenger when he had a sword fight with KIRA Kozuke no Suke.

• 意匠権（関連意匠の意匠権を除く。）の存続期間は、設定の登録の日から二十年をもつて終了する。
• The duration of a design right (excluding design right of a Related Design) shall expire after a period of 20 years from the date of registration of its establishment.

• 詐欺の行為により意匠登録又は審決を受けた者は、一年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
• Any person who has obtained a design registration or a trial decision by means of a fraudulent act shall be punished by imprisonment with work for a term not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding 1,000,000 yen.

• これは小船等を用いず、鵜匠が1羽ないし2羽のウを連れて直接浅瀬に入って漁をする鵜飼である。
• This is the Ukai in where ujo uses one or two cormorants and conducts fishing by fording a river without using any boats.

• また、この鵜飼はあくまで鵜匠の生計のための漁であり、そのスタンスは他の観光鵜飼とは異なる。
• In addition this Ukai is done to win ujo's livelihood so that its stance is different from that of other sightseeing Ukai.

• それぞれの建具にそれぞれの役割とインテリアとしての意匠や象徴的意味が込められているようだ。
• It seems that each personal role, interior design, and symbolic meaning were incorporated into each fitting.

• 松鶴ら師匠連は、若手のマスコミ進出を上方落語を広く認知してもらう最良の手段として容認した。
• Master storytellers such as Shokaku found it acceptable as a means to publicize Kamigata rakugo so that the younger tellers of rakugo advanced into mass media.

• 禅宗では袈裟は嗣法（釈迦以来の仏法が師匠から弟子に正しく伝えられること）の重要な証である。
• In the Zen sect, kesa is positive proof of shiho (the dharma founded by Shakyamuni is inherited by a disciple from a priest master).

• 生地も無紋縮緬だけではなく地模様が織り出された紋意匠縮緬や綸子や朱子地を用いる場合もある。
• Also, sometimes the fabric used may be not only Mumon-chirimen crepe (having no crest) but also Monisho-chirimen crepe, with ground patterns woven in, or rinzu (a Japanese silk satin damask) or satin.

• 鵜匠（鵜飼漁をする人）の装束は風折烏帽子、漁服、胸あて、腰蓑という古式ゆかしいものである。
• An ujo (a cormorant fisherman) is dressed in a traditional way with Kazaori Eboshi (a traditional black foldback cap), clothes for fishing, a bib and a grass skirt.

• 浅野内匠頭の母方の従兄弟に当たる美濃国大垣藩主戸田氏定も自ら鉄砲州上屋敷へ駆けつけてきた。
• The lord of Ogaki Domain in Mino Province Ujisada TODA, who was a maternal cousin of Asano Takumi no Kami, also came over to the Tepposhu Kamiyashiki.

• 「一、内匠頭家臣達は真の忠義者であるので、このままお預りにしておき、いずれは赦免すべき。」
• 2, Retainers of Takumi no Kami should be confined and later forgiven since they are true loyal retainers.

• しかし内匠頭は17年前の天和 (日本)3年（1683年）にも同じ勅使饗応役に就任している。
• However, Takumi no Kami had been given the position to be attending to Imperial messengers 17 years previously in 1683.

• 近代日本画壇の巨匠であり、今日「朦朧体」と呼ばれる、線描を抑えた独特の没線描法を確立した。
• He was a great master of the Japanese art world and established, what is today called 'Moro-tai' (painting technique), a unique Bossen gaho (painting technique) with vague line drawing.

• 吉良には浅野内匠頭以外の饗応役にも、いわゆるいじめを行っていたという逸話が多く残っている。
• There are many anecdotes regarding Kira's so-called ill-treatment of receptionists other than Asano Takumi no Kami.

• 伊丹十三は、『お葬式』製作発表の記者会見で「わたしの師匠は市川崑さんです」と明言している。
• Juzo ITAMI clearly mentioned 'My master is Mr. Kon ICHIKAWA' in the press conference for the public presentation of 'Ososhiki' (The Funeral).

• 内匠寮は唐代の官営工房である少府監（しょうふげん）の模倣と考えられ、別称も「少府」という。
• Naishoryo was considered to be an imitation of the Shofugen which was the government craft center in the Tang Dynasty, and it had another name; 'Shofu.'

• 関連意匠の意匠権の存続期間は、その本意匠の意匠権の設定の登録の日から二十年をもつて終了する。
• The duration of a Related Design shall expire after a period of 20 years from the date when the establishment of the design right of its Principal Design is registered.

• 同一又は類似の意匠についての二以上の意匠登録のうち、その一を無効にした場合における原意匠権者
• the original holder of a design right in the case where one of two or more design registrations granted for the same or similar design has been invalidated,

• 登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠に係る物品を業としての譲渡、貸渡し又は輸出のために所持する行為
• acts of possessing an article to the registered design or a design similar thereto for the purpose of assigning, leasing or exporting it as a business.

• 特許法第二十五条（外国人の権利の享有）の規定は、意匠権その他意匠登録に関する権利に準用する。
• Article 25 (Enjoyment of rights by foreign nationals) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to design rights and other rights relating to the design registration.

• 重層建築は意匠として重要であったほか、眺望が利く高層部は天下を睥睨する意図も併せ持っていた。
• Multi-storied buildings were important not only from the viewpoint of the design, but were also built intended for looking down at people from a higher position that provided a commanding view of the area around them.

• また、構造や外観意匠にかかわらず、主に関ヶ原の戦いを境として時代で分けられていることもある。
• Regardless of their structure and external design, Tenshu are sometimes divided by their construction time into the periods before or after the Battle of Sekigahara.

• なお、画工司は大同 (日本)3年（808年）に内匠寮に統合され、画師たちも同寮に属している。
• In 808, Edakumi no Tsukasa was integrated into the Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) and eshi then belonged to the bureau.

• 落語で自分の頭を叩いたり、踊りの師匠が弟子をたしなめるのに、手ではなく扇子を使って頭を叩く。
• To discipline in a rakugo, a kodanshi pats his/her own head with a Sensu or a master pats his apprentice on his/her head with a Sensu rather than with the hand.

• 次の代は尋人の息子の匠人であるが、その次は憲人になるのか海人になるのかははっきりしていない。
• While the family head for the next generation is Hiroto's son Takuto, it is uncertain if Norito or Kaito will be the family head after Takuto.

• そのため、ときには「暫」を女形が演じる「女暫」もあるなど、意匠を凝らした演出も見ものだった。
• Therefore, sophisticated production was created such as 'Onna shibaraku' in which an actor of female roles plays the role of 'Shibaraku.'

• 文禄4年（1595年）、徳川家康が京都の金匠後藤光次に命じ江戸で小判を鋳造させた時に始まる。
• In 1595, kin-za started when Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ordered the metalworker Mitsutsugu GOTO in Kyoto to cast koban (former Japanese oval gold coin) in Edo.

• 大石は内匠頭の眠る泉岳寺へ参詣した際に主君の墓前で不破の帰参と同志へ加えることの許可を得た。
• Upon visiting the grave of Takuminokami at Sengaku-ji Temple, OISHI received the approval of FUWA re-entering the radical Edo faction.

• 左翼作家でありながら娯楽色豊かなヒット作を連打し、党派を超えた巨匠として日本映画に君臨した。
• Although he was a left-wing filmmaker, Imai created a series of hit films loaded with entertainment features and led Japanese cinema as one of the greatest filmmakers across party lines.

• 建物全体の立ちが低く、正面は広縁の奥に蔀戸（しとみど）を設け、全体として住宅風の意匠になる。
• The building is low throughout, with latticed shutters above the veranda at the front and an overall design which is very residential in style.

• 前項に規定する新たな意匠登録出願があつたときは、もとの意匠登録出願は、取り下げたものとみなす。
• Where a new application for design registration is filed under the preceding paragraph, the original application for design registration shall be deemed to have been withdrawn.

• 意匠登録を無効にして同一又は類似の意匠について正当権利者に意匠登録をした場合における原意匠権者
• the original holder of a design right in the case where, after a design registration has been invalidated, a design registration is granted to the person who is entitled to obtain a design registration for the same or similar design,

• 善意に、当該登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠に係る物品を譲渡、貸渡し又は輸出のために所持した行為
• possessing an article to the registered design or a design similar thereto for the purpose of assigning, leasing or exporting it without knowledge.

• この時代以降、和様の寺院建築にも採用されはじめ、さまざまな建築の扉の意匠に大きな影響を与えた。
• After this period, it began to be adopted in temple architecture of Japanese style and had a large effect on the door design of various architectural styles.

• 師匠は名古屋市の大須演芸場で活躍した紙切り芸人で、2006年に没した大東両（だいとうりょう）。
• His teacher was Ryo DAITO, actively performed kamikiri at the Osu Vaudeville Theater in Nagoya City died in 2006.

• その名の通り寄席で主任（とり）を務めることができる資格が与えられるほか、敬称が「師匠」となる。
• As the name shows, they are qualified to be chief (tori) at the yose, and were given the title 'Shisho' (master).

• 嘉永2年（1849年）、男谷は事情を察し、師匠の方で用意を整えてやり、鍵吉に皆伝免許を与えた。
• In 1849 Odani who understood Kenkichi's situation made arrangements to grant him a license of 'menkyo-kaiden' (full proficiency).

• 豊漁の際には全部の鵜が一時に鮎を呑むこともあるが、鵜匠はいささかの遅滞もなく、それを取りさばく。
• Sometimes all the cormorants swallow ayu at the same time, but ujo takes care of them without delay.

• 岐阜県岐阜市ならびに関市の長良川河畔における鵜飼は、宮内庁式部職である鵜匠によって行われている。
• Ukai on the banks of Nagara-gawa River in Gifu City and Seki City, Gifu Prefecture, is performed by ujo of shikibu-shoku, Imperial Household Agency.

• そのほか、菊花紋は勲章日本の意匠にも取り入れられるなど、菊は桜と並び、国花に準じた扱いを受ける。
• Chrysanthemum is treated like a national flower the same as sakura (Japanese cherry); Kikkamon is also used for Kunsho Nihon no Isho (the Decorations, Japanese Designs).

• いずれも部屋の狭さを感じさせないための工夫であるとともに、室内に変化を与える意匠上の工夫である。
• These are devices used to alleviate the narrowness of the room as well as room design to provide it differences.

• 長良川における鵜飼は日本で唯一皇室御用の鵜飼であり、長良川の鵜匠は職名を宮内庁式部職鵜匠という。
• Ukai of Nagara-gawa River is the sole ukai in Japan that is patronized by the Imperial Court, and the official job title of usho (a fisherman of cormorant fishing) of Nagara-gawa ukai is shikibushoku usho of Kunaicho (Imperial Household Agency).

• 日帰り入浴施設の浴場は天然木をふんだんに使った内湯や日本海や竹林を望む露天風呂など意匠性が高い。
• Bathing facilities for customers visiting the hot spring for only the day are elaborate; for example, the indoor baths are made of natural wood with the Japan Sea viewable, and bamboo forests can be seen from the outdoor baths.

• 幕末に内外の緊張が高まると、浪人の再就職（仕官）が増えた事により、町人出身の師匠の比率が増えた。
• When tension both internally and externally increased near the end of the Edo period, ronin found more work (in government service) and the ratio of shisho who were townspeople rose.

• その後、芳年の弟子にこのことを話すと、弟子は師匠がその写真を見たら大変喜ぶだろうと答えたという。
• When Seiu ITO told that to Yoshitoshi's disciple later, the disciple said that his master would be pleased to see the photograph.

• 表千家の良休宗左（随流斎）の記述によれば、露地で履く雪駄は、元は丿貫の意匠から出たものだという。
• According to Ryokyu Sosa (also known as Zuiryusai) of the Omotesenke school, Setta (Japanese Traditional Sandals) worn in roji (the garden outside a ceremonial tearoom) were originally designed by Hechikan.

• わたしは、そのかたわらにあって、名匠となり、日々に喜び、常にその前に楽しみ、 (箴言 8:30)
• then I was the craftsman by his side. I was a delight day by day, always rejoicing before him, (Proverbs 8:30)

• 第四十二条第一項第一号の規定による第一年分の登録料の納付があつたときは、意匠権の設定の登録をする。
• The establishment of a design right shall be registered where the registration fee for the first year under Article 42(1) has been paid.

• 特許法第九十六条（物上代位）の規定は、意匠権、専用実施権又は通常実施権を目的とする質権に準用する。
• Article 96 (extension of a right of pledge to the proceeds of the patent right, etc.) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a right of pledge established on a design right, exclusive license or non-exclusive license.

• 『万葉代匠記』（まんようだいしょうき）は、江戸時代の国学者・契沖が著した『万葉集』の注釈・研究書。
• 'Manyodaishoki' is a commentary on 'Manyoshu' (the oldest anthology of tanka) by Keichu, who was a scholar of Japanese classical literature during the Edo Period.

• このうちの一人は後に本郷伊予と改名し、薩摩の日置流弓術師範の祖、東郷重尚の最初の弓術の師匠となる。
• One of them changed his name to Iyo HONGO and became the first master of Japanese archery for Shigemasa TOGO, the founder of the Heki-ryu school of archery in Satsuma Province.

• しかし帰京した内蔵助は主君浅野内匠頭の一周忌が過ぎても決起はおろか江戸下向さえしようとしなかった。
• However, after returning to Kyoto, Kura-no-suke did not even come up to Edo, much less rose to action although the first anniversary of their lord Asano Takumi-no-kami's death had passed.

• 山口 伊太郎（やまぐち いたろう、1901年12月18日 - 2007年6月27日）は西陣の織匠。
• Itaro YAMAGUCHI (December 18, 1901 - June 27, 2007) was a textile workman of the Nishijin district.

• 後、大阪に戻り笑福亭梅香を名乗るが、師匠・松鶴が死去したため、新町九軒末廣亭で松竹亭梅花と改める。
• Later he returned to Osaka and called himself Baika SHOFUKUTEI, but because his master Shokaku died he changed his name to Baika SHOCHIKUTEI in Shinmachi Kuken Suehirotei.

• 正面は柱間7間のうち中央3間を戸口とし、その左右各2間には窓を設けず白壁を大きく見せた意匠とする。
• There are seven hashirama (spaces between two pillars) and three out of the seven were designed for the entrance, and two hashirama left on both sides have no windows, which makes the white walls seem larger.

• レプリカは弟子たちの練習台として、師匠の普及品として、そして、第三者の金儲けのために作られてきた。
• Replicas were made by pupils in practice of their craft, by masters for diffusing their works, and, finally, by third parties in the pursuit of gain.

• さらには、その弟子たちが師匠を超えた例というのも、ほんの一例たりともないということもわかるだろう。
• It is observable, accordingly, that scarcely in a single instance has any one of their disciples surpassed them;

• 以下は、望楼型・層塔型の区分に関係なく、主に天守等の象徴的建物や大型の櫓に見られる意匠・構造である。
• The following describes designs/structures seen on symbolic structures mainly including Tenshu and large-scale Yagura, regardless of whether they were Borogata (lookout tower type keep) or Sotogata (multi-leveled tower type keep).

• 2階に付けられた石落しなどの装備の点でも極めて実戦的な造りであり、漆黒の武骨荘重な意匠となっている。
• With its jet-black exterior giving an air of masculinity and solemnity, the castle tower was built to be useful in warfare, being equipped with a boulder drop on the second floor.

• 師匠と弟子の重要なやりとりは、室内の秘密と呼ばれ師匠の部屋の中から持ち出されて公開されることはない。
• The important interaction between the master and disciple is called 'a secret in the room' and is not to be taken out of the master's room and revealed publicly.

• さらに刀匠一人当たり年に生産してよい本数の割り当てを決め、粗製濫造による作品の質の低下を防いでいる。
• Furthermore, the number of swords to be made by a sword craft master per year is allocated, which prevents reduction in quality of the work by mass production of inferior swords.

• また王艮の泰州学派には樵夫や陶匠・田夫などが名を連ねており、儒教が庶民にまで広く浸透した姿が伺える。
• Additionally, Taishu-gakuha (Taishu school) of O Kon included woodcutters, ceramic workmen, and farmers, reflecting how widespread Ju-kyo was among the common people.

• が、路線の違いを巡って師匠と絶縁したり、晩年は芸に悩んでうつ病になるなど、芸の上では悩みが多かった。
• However, he was full of distress in terms of his performance - He broke relations with his master due to the difference of their direction, and he suffered depression from his performance.

• 1から転じて、伝統芸能や武道などの芸道において、師匠が弟子に流派の奥義や秘伝を口伝えに教授すること。
• The word 'kuden' has extended its meaning from the above 1, to mean that a master of traditional performance art or martial art orally teaches his or her disciples, the esoteric knowledge or secret techniques unique to each school of the art.

• CDボックスセット 川戸貞吉（撰）『古典落語の巨匠たち・寄席の噺・ホールの噺』第一期・第二期（ゲオ）
• 'Great Masters of Classical Rakugo/Storytelling at Storytellers' Halls/Storytelling at Entertainment Halls' (the first term/the second term): A set of CDs selected by Sadakichi KAWADO (produced by Geo Corporation)

• 片岡源五右衛門、礒貝十郎左衛門、田中貞四郎ら浅野内匠頭の寵愛を受けた側近達も同様に仇討ちを主張した。
• People who called for revenge also included Gengoemon KATAOKA, Jurozaemon ISOGAI, and Sadashiro TANAKA, who worked very closely for Asano Takumi no Kami and received a lot of favors from him.

• 浅野内匠頭と吉良上野介のそれぞれの領地で産出する塩の製法と販路の問題で対立があったという説があった。
• One theory states that there was a conflict between Asano Takumi no Kami and Kira Kozuke no Suke over the process of making and marketing salt which was produced in their territories.

• 京極派に比べ、歌風としては特筆すべきものはないが、宗匠家の血統のみは、主流派の二条派からも尊ばれた。
• Compared to the Kyogoku school, the Reizei school did not produce any poems worthy of mention in terms of poetic style, but they were esteemed by the major poetic school from which they broke off, the Nijo school, for the pedigree of their master family alone.

• 国際商標登録出願については、第十七条の二第二項において準用する意匠法第十七条の四の規定は、適用しない。
• Article 17-4 of the Design Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 17-2(2) of this Act shall not apply to an international application for trademark registration.

• 天守1階に囲炉裏が現存し、外観は、唐破風出窓や最上階の出格子の窓などにより重厚な意匠を醸し出している。
• There is an open hearth remaining in existence on the first floor, and other features, such as the kara-style gables and trellis windows on the top floor, give an air of dignity to the design of the exterior of the castle tower.

• また、この部分の記述は具体的であるが、師匠からの直接の伝法がなければ、真実は理解できないとされている。
• Although this part was described concretely, it is believed to have been impossible to understand the truth without direct teachings of Buddhism from a master.

• しかし尺八や虚鐸の師匠としてその質を伝える流れが現在にも伝わっており、尺八楽の歴史上重要な存在である。
• However, the stream that hands down the characteristics of the sect through shakuhachi and kyotaku instructors still remains at present and it is an important factor in the history of shakuhachi music.

• 日本固有の神の住まいであるので、仏教とは異なることを意識し、日本に伝統的な建築の意匠を取り入れている。
• Traditional Japanese design elements were incorporated to distinguish itself from Buddhist architecture because a shrine is a place for Japanese deities.

• 女紋とは実家の家紋とは異なり女系から女系へと伝える紋章のことであり、実家の家紋とは意匠も由緒も異なる。
• Onnamon is an emblem which has succeeded among the female line, that differs in design and origin from parent's family's Kamon.

• 鵜匠はその多忙のうちにあってなおあるいは篝の薪を添え、あるいは舟の進退に注意し、ひと呼吸の油断もない。
• Being in charge of very busy operation, ujo takes care to add firewood to the kagari or pilot the boat jealously.

• 酒匠はより上位の資格で、きき酒師や焼酎アドバイザーといった資格を既に保有していることが受験資格となる。
• To qualify for certification as a licensed sake taster, which is a more advanced certification, applicants are required to be certified as a sake taster or shochu adviser.

• 黒味を帯びた鉄釉が特色で、素朴でありながら繊細な意匠は遠州が掲げた「きれいさび」の精神が息づいている。
• It is characterized as black-tone tetsuyu (glaze containing iron) and its simple and delicate style embodies a sprit of 'Kirei sabi' (rich beauty and refined simplicity), which Enshu held up.

• さて、新三郎は、許嫁おきしの兄で剣術の師匠の小天狗正作から、先日の橋の喧嘩の際に香炉の質手形を拾った。
• By the way, in the fighting on the bridge the other day, Shinzaburo got a promissory note for the pawn of a koro, from Kotengu Shosaku, a brother of Okishi, Shizaburo's fiance.

• 鵜匠は常日頃から鵜と一緒に生活しているため、鵜匠と鵜は呼吸の合った動きを見せ、見事に鮎を捕らえてくる。
• As usho always lives together with cormorants, usho and cormorants get along perfectly and cormorants catch sweetfishes neatly.
• As ujo always lives together with cormorants, ujo and cormorants get along perfectly and cormorants catch ayu neatly.

• 鵜飼開始前の鵜匠の準備風景や、廻し場という鵜匠の打ち合わせ場所、終了後の片付け風景を見学が可能である。
• It is possible to see the scene of ujo's preparation, the place called 'mawashiba' where ujo has a meeting and the scene of cleanup after ukai ended.

• 「韓国ニ於ケル発明、意匠、商標及著作権ノ保護ニ関スル日米条約」1910年（明治43年）：「日本国皇帝」
• Japan-US treaty on the protection of invention, design, trademark and copyright in Korea' in 1910, by 'Nihonkoku Kotei'

• 新羅、奄美訳語生・卜部・留学生・学問僧・傔従・雑使・音声生・玉生・鍛生・鋳生・細工生・船匠・柂師・傔人
• Silla and Amami interpreters, diviners, students studying abroad, Buddhist monks studying abroad, attendants, servitors, musicians, glass workers, hammer men, casters, wood craft workers, ship carpenters, chief quartmaster, and attendants of the mission

• 註：飛騨は調・庸を免除され替わりに匠丁（しょうてい、たくみのよほろ）を里ごと10人1年交替で徴発した。
• Note: Hida Province was exempted from paying Cho and Yo, instead 10 members of Shotei (woodworkers, also called Takumi-no-yohoro) were commandeered for one year of duty from each village every year.

• 幕府は翌3月15日 (旧暦)（4月22日）、浅野内匠頭の弟で養子に入っていた浅野長広を閉門処分とした。
• On April 22, the bakufu sentenced Nagahiro ASANO, who was an adopted son and Asano Takumi no Kami's brother, to home confinement.

• しかし、上野介の傷を治療した栗崎道有という医者が、当時の内匠頭について「乱心にあらず」と記録している。
• However, a doctor named Dou KURISAKI, who treated Kira's wounds, recorded that Takumi no Kami was 'not out of his mind' at that moment.

• 4大巨匠揃い踏みということで注目を集めたが、当初発表された4人共同監督による映画は結局実現しなかった。
• Although it received attention because of the four famous directors, the movie that was to be co-directed by the four directors never was actualized.

• 世界的な巨匠でありながらも今村の作品には『うなぎ』も含め多くの作品で女優のヌードシーンが登場している。
• Imamura was a master craftsman with a global outlook, and many of his films, including 'Unagi,' feature scenes involving female nudity.

• 精悍な伝・湛慶像と、老いてまだまだ盛んな巨匠といった風貌の伝・運慶像とそれぞれの個性が表現されている。
• Each statue displays its own personality with the determined young Tankei and the old master Unkei who looks hale and hearty despite his age.

• 第一項の規定により意匠登録を受ける関連意匠にのみ類似する意匠については、意匠登録を受けることができない。
• A design registration shall not be granted to a design that is similar only to a Related Design to be registered under paragraph (1).

• 当該意匠権者又は専用実施権者は、前項の規定により通常実施権を有する者から相当の対価を受ける権利を有する。
• The holder of a design right or the exclusive licensee shall have a right to receive reasonable consideration from the non-exclusive licensee under the preceding paragraph.

• 出土品のなかでも、金銅鞍金具は動物意匠などの精緻な透かし彫りをほどこした高度な金工技法を示すものである。
• Among these excavated articles, the gilt bronze saddle hardware has exquisite openwork animal designs that shows sophisticated metal work technique.

• 八代の弟子であり、既に結婚独立していたが、九代の急死のため、急遽師匠の命により呼び戻されて後継者となる。
• He had been a disciple of the eighth Seigen and already married and set up business on his own, but due to the sudden death of the ninth Seigen, he was called back hastily by his master, and became a successor.

• その巧妙な利用の仕方は、技師たちを驚かすとともに、光瑞の意匠を凝らした思いと経費節減の意図がうかがえる。
• This ingenious method of use surprised engineers and reflects Kozui's efforts in design and his intent to cut costs.

• 職人給田には、梶取給、夫領給、船給、鍛冶給、番匠給、絵所給、檜物給、土器作給、道々工等例給などがあった。
• Shokunin kyuden included Kajitori (rower) kyu, Furyokyu, Fune (ship) kyu, Kaji (blacksmith) kyu, Bansho (builder) kyu, Edokoro (art office) kyu, Himono (craft of bending Hinoki bark) kyu, Dokisaku (pottery) kyu and Dodoukutorei (road building) kyu.

• 吉田はまず江戸で孤立していた片岡源五右衛門ら内匠頭近臣組と面会すると説得して大石の盟約に加わらせている。
• Yoshida first met Takumi no Kami's close vassals such as Gengoemon KATAOKA who were isolated from everyone else and convinced them to join Oishi's alliance.

• 僧侶の女犯は罪であったため、不真面目な僧侶などは医者や俳句の師匠の振りをして吉原遊廓に出向きなどもした。
• As Nyobon (sexual indulgence) is a sin for Buddhist monks, some infidel monks went to play at Yoshihara yukaku (red-light district) pretending to be a doctor or a master of haiku (a Japanese poem in seventeen syllables having a 5-7-5 syllabic form and traditionally containing a reference to the seasons).

• たとえば契沖が「序(詞)ト云モ枕詞ノ長キヲ云ヘリ」（『万葉代匠記』）と説明しているのが代表的な例である。
• For example, it is one of the typical examples that Keichu wrote 'if one says jokotoba, one speaks of long makurakotoba' ('Manyodaishoki').

• 『代匠記』が着手されたのは天和3年の頃であり、「初稿本」は貞享4年頃に、「精選本」は元禄3年に成立した。
• The creation of 'Daishoki' started around 1683 and 'the first edition' was completed around 1687 followed by 'the final version' in 1690.

• 藤村 庸軒（ふじむら ようけん、1613年 - 1699年、慶長18年 - 元禄12年）は、日本の茶匠。
• Yoken FUJIMURA (1613 - 1699) was a master of tea ceremony in Japan.

• 「座頭市」シリーズや、「剣」三部作、「眠狂四郎」シリーズなどの作品により、時代劇の巨匠監督の地位を得た。
• He earned his position as a master of period film with the 'Zatoichi' series, the trilogy of 'Ken,' 'Nemuri Kyoshiro' series and the like.

• 『続古事談』によれば、安倍晴明と賀茂光栄がどちらが師匠の賀茂保憲に気重されたについての論争をしたという。
• According to the 'Zoku kojidan' (Tales of Antiquity Continued), ABE no Seimei and KAMO no Mitsuyoshi debated on which of them their master KAMO no Yasunori was not looking forward to.

• 審査官は、意匠登録出願について拒絶の理由を発見しないときは、意匠登録をすべき旨の査定をしなければならない。
• Where no reasons for refusal are found for an application for design registration, the examiner shall render a decision to the effect that a design registration is to be granted.

• 当該意匠権者又は専用実施権者は、前二項の規定により通常実施権を有する者から相当の対価を受ける権利を有する。
• The holder of a design right or the exclusive licensee shall have a right to receive reasonable consideration from the non-exclusive licensee under the preceding two paragraphs.

• 広義では、身近な人と分かり合うことを指していう場合もあるが、本来は師匠と弟子などといった立場の違いがある。
• In a broad sense, the word could be used when describing the establishment of understanding with someone close; however, it originally meant connection with someone in a different position such as a master and pupil.

• 空海は在唐中、製筆法も学んでおり、帰国後、筆匠・坂名井清川に唐式の狸毛筆（りもうひつ）4本を作らせている。
• Kukai also learned how to make brushes during his stay in Tang; he instructed Kiyokawa SAKANAI, a brush maker, to have him make four Rimohitsu brushes in the Tang style.

• 前者をつくるものを菓子匠、御菓子司などと称し、後者をつくるものを｢おまんやさん｣｢おもちやさん｣と呼んだ。
• Confectioners who prepared the former are called 'kashisho' (confectionary craftsmen) or 'onkashi-tsukasa' (confectionary master), and so on, while ones who prepare the latter 'omanya-san' (manju manufacturers) or 'omochiya-san' (rice case manufacturers).

• 軽量化された舞良戸は便利な建具として、さまざまな意匠が工夫され、開き戸や引き違い戸として多用されていった。
• Various designs of lightweight Mairado were elaborated as convenient doors and Mairado were often used as a swing door or a sliding door.

• 茶室へ入るのを待つ腰掛け、手を清める蹲踞（つくばい）夜足元を照らす灯篭などさまざまな演出と意匠が施される。
• Various representations and designs are arranged such as the seats to wait for entering a tea room, tsukubai (literally 'stooping basin'. A low wash basin used in a tea garden) to wash hands, and lantern which lights the footsteps.

• 入門したあと、前座名（名前）を師匠から貰い、前座登録をして、前座として楽屋入りするまでは「見習い」と呼ぶ。
• After initiation, they receive a zenza name, register as a zenza, and are called 'minarai' until they enter backstage as a zenza.

• 『八犬伝』では、里見季基・義実親子、犬塚匠作・番作親子、井丹三、氷垣残三が、いずれも結城方で参戦している。
• In 'Hakkenden' Suemoto and Yoshizane SATOMI, Shosaku and Bansaku INUZUKA, I no Tanzo and Zanzo HIGAKI joined the Yuki side.

• 1564年（永禄7年）、織田信長が長良川の鵜飼を見物し、鵜飼漁を行なう者に「鵜匠」の名称をあたえたという。
• In 1564, Nobunaga ODA saw the ukai conducted in Nagara-gawa river and gave a title of 'ujo' to the persons engaged in ukai fishing.

• 自ら「巧匠」と名乗っていることとも合わせ、快慶は「作者」としての意識の強い仏師であったことがうかがわれる。
• By signing his works 'Artisan,' it is clear that Kaikei was a sculptor who was very conscious of his position as an 'Artist.'

• 後期には巨匠らしからぬ変幻自在な作風や、テレビや娯楽映画も厭わずにこなす姿勢への批評家側の戸惑いがあった。
• In his late life, commentators felt embarrassed by Ichikawa's ever-lasting style which was incongruous for the master and by his willingness to work on TV and entertainment films.

• すぐさま師匠の斎藤弥九郎を介して伊豆・相模・甲斐など天領五カ国の代官である江川英龍に実地見学を申し入れた。
• Through his master Yakuro SAITO, he immediately asked Hidetatsu EGAWA, the governor of five shogunal demesnes including Izu, Sagami, and Kai, for permission to visit these places.

• 複雑な意匠の金色の文字で、次から次へと運ばれることになっている料理のリストが、金縁のカードに書かれている。
• A gold―edged card with gold initials intertwined recited the list of all the dishes that would be set one after another before them.

• 鉱業権、漁業権、特許権、実用新案権、意匠権、商標権、回路配置利用権、育成者権、著作権又は著作隣接権の任意売却
• Sale by private contract of a mining right, fishing right, patent right, utility model right, design right, trademark right, right of layout-designs of integrated circuits, breeder's right, copyright or neighboring right

• 意匠法第五十八条第二項（審判の規定の準用）の規定は、第四十四条第一項の審判の確定審決に対する再審に準用する。
• The provision of Article 58(2) (Mutatis mutandis application of provisions regarding appeal/trial) of the Design Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a retrial against a final and binding trial decision on a trial under Article 44(1) of this Act.

• 16世紀に入ると戦国大名が有力な棟梁を領国の大工（国大工・郡大工）に任じて領内の番匠を統率させるようになる。
• At the beginning of the 16th century, Daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku Period came to appoint powerful Toryo as Daiku (head of builders) (Kunidaiku/Gundaiku) of the Daimyos' own territory and let them control the Bansho in the territory.

• 舟首に篝火を付けた鵜舟に鵜匠が乗り10羽前後の鵜を手縄をさばき、操り、篝火に集まってきた鮎を鵜が次々に捕る。
• Ujo gets on ubune (a boat used for ukai) with kagaribi at its bow and controls around 10 cormorants by handling tenawa (a hand rope), and cormorants catch ayu that gather under kagaribi.

• 寺子屋の生徒を「筆子」といい、師匠が死んだ時には、筆子が費用を出し合って師匠の墓を建てる事が珍しくなかった。
• The students of a Terakoya were called 'Fudeko' and when the shisho died, the Fudeko would chip in to pay for the shisho's grave.

• ギリシャ建築風や鉄筋コンクリート造り、レンガ造りの洋風建築から旧来の神社風建築など、意匠を凝らした物が多い。
• Many of them were elaborately designed, ranging from the Hellenized architecture, the ferro-concrete buildings and the Western-style architecture built of brick to the conventional Shinto shrine-style architecture and others.

• 将軍徳川綱吉は朝廷との儀式を台無しにされたことに激怒し、浅野内匠頭を即日のうちに切腹、浅野氏の断絶を命じた。
• Shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA became very angry, since the ceremony with the Imperial court was ruined, and ordered Asano Takumi no Kami to commit seppuku on the same day, as well as the elimination of the Asano clan.

• 『万葉集』研究としての『代匠記』は、鎌倉時代の仙覺や元禄期の北村季吟に続いて、画期的な事業と評価されている。
• As a study on 'Manyoshu', 'Daishoki' has a good reputation as an innovative project following those of Sengaku during the Kamakura period and Kigin KITAMURA during the Genroku era.

• 原研吉、渋谷実、中村登らの名匠に師事し、昭和27年助監督待遇のまま『伊豆の艶歌師』（主演佐田啓二）を初監督。
• He studied under famous people such as Kenkichi HARA, Minoru SHIBUYA, Noboru NAKAMURA, and he directed the movie, 'Izu no Enkashi' (street performer of pop songs in Izu) (main actor was Keiji SADA) for the first time while his position was still assistant director in 1952.

• 受領層の中級貴族として尾張国、周防国、河内国、備中などの国司を歴任したほか内匠頭などを務め正四位下に至った。
• In addition to experiencing kokushi (provincial governors) of Owari, Suo, Kawachi and Bicchu Provinces as middle rank of nobles in Juryoso (career provincial official class), he served as Takumi-no-kami and other positions and was promoted to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade).

• 第一項又は第二項の規定による出願の変更があつたときは、その特許出願又は意匠登録出願は、取り下げたものとみなす。
• Where an application is converted under paragraph (1) or (2), the patent application or the application for design registration shall be deemed to have been withdrawn.

• 特許、実用新案、意匠及び商標（以下この条並びに次条第四号及び第五号において「工業所有権」という。）に関する法令
• Laws and regulations relating to patents, utility models, designs, and trademarks (hereinafter referred to as 'Industrial Property Rights' in this Article and items (iv) and (v) of the following Article);

• 特許法第九十八条第一項第三号及び第二項（登録の効果）の規定は、意匠権又は専用実施権を目的とする質権に準用する。
• Article 98(1)(iii) and (2) (Effect of registration) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a right of pledge established on a design right or exclusive license.

• 「大草流」「進士流」が有名で、『大草殿より相伝之聞書』など師匠から弟子へ一子相伝の料理の”秘法”を伝えていた。
• 'The Ogusa school' and 'the Shinshi school' were famous, and each 'secret recipe,' such as 'The record of what Ogusa-dono said,' was inherited from master to student.

• 透かし彫りの棚板や、植物をモチーフとした釘隠しの意匠、そして欄間の彫刻など独自の工夫した意匠で構成されている。
• It consists of individual elaborated designs such as a shelf board of openwork in a wickerwork design, the designs of kugikakushi plant motif and a sculptured transom.

• 現在では文様も多様になり、無地、小紋、染め糸を用いた織による縞や格子文様を始め、意匠化された文様も増えている。
• Today, patterns have become diversified and there are patterns including plain, Komon (fine pattern), dyed thread-woven stripes, and checkered, and the increased number of patterns which are established as designs.

• 師匠は弟子の修行が十分に達成されたと判断した時、仏法の核心を伝授し、その証として祖師伝来の袈裟と持鉢を与える。
• When the priest master judges that training of the disciple has been successfully completed, he teaches the disciple the core of the dharma, and gives the disciple kesa and Jihatsu (nesting set of bowls with which a priest in training eat) that were inherited from the founder of the sect, in proof of the completion.

• 舟首に篝火を付けた鵜舟に鵜匠が乗り10～12羽の鵜を手縄をさばき、操り、篝火に集まってきた鮎を鵜が次々に捕る。
• Usho gets on ubune (a boat used for ukai) with kagaribi at its bow and controls 10 to 12 cormorants by handling tenawa (a hand rope), and cormorants catch sweetfishes that gather under kagaribi.

• 天正6年（1578年）1月11日に明智光秀の茶の師匠であった堺の津田宗及が坂本城に招かれ茶会がひらかれている。
• On February 27, 1578, Sogyu TSUDA who was the tea master of Mitsuhide AKECHI was invited to Sakamoto-jo Castle to hold a tea ceremony.

• 土蔵を持ち、多数の門弟を有し、当時舞踊師匠としてこのように盛大にしていたのは他に無い位であったといわれている。
• Since she had a dozo (warehouse made of soil) and kept a lot of disciples, it is said that there were no other dance masters who were so prosperous as she was at that time.

• 作刀が禁止された明治以降、刀匠から料理用・工匠用・生花園芸用の諸刃物を製造する株式会社菊一文字として創業した。
• After making swords was banned in the Meiji period, the Kikuichimonji Company Limited started to make kitchen, craft, flower arrangement and horticulture knives and tools, instead of making swords.

• 元禄7年（1694年）2月、備中松山藩水谷氏が改易となった際、主君浅野長矩（浅野内匠頭）が収城使に任じられた。
• When Mizutani clan of Bicchu-matsuyama Domain underwent Kaieki (the forfeiture of samurai rank and properties) in February 1694, the lord Naganori ASANO (Asano Takumi no Kami) was appointed to the position of messenger of castle management.

• この法律は、意匠の保護及び利用を図ることにより、意匠の創作を奨励し、もつて産業の発達に寄与することを目的とする。
• The purpose of this Act is, through promoting the protection and the utilization of designs, to encourage creation of designs, and thereby to contribute to the development of industry.

• 登録意匠とそれ以外の意匠が類似であるか否かの判断は、需要者の視覚を通じて起こさせる美感に基づいて行うものとする。
• Whether a registered design is identical with or similar to another design shall be determined based upon the aesthetic impression that the designs would create through the eye of their consumers.

• 審判若しくは再審の請求若しくはその取下げ又は審判若しくは再審の確定審決（意匠権の設定の登録がされたものに限る。）
• filings for a request for trials or retrials, or withdrawals thereof, or final and binding trial decisions or retrial decisions (limited to cases where the establishment of a design right has been registered);

• 虚飾を嫌い、内面を磨いて客をもてなすという茶人たちの精神性を反映し、シンプルながらも洗練された意匠となっている。
• Its design is simple and sophisticated, reflecting the spirit of a tea master in rejecting superficial decoration and stressing internal self improvement to entertain guests.

• このほか茶道の好みの桐紋には、変わり桐、光悦桐、光琳桐（蝙蝠桐）、兎桐布袋桐、お多福桐などさまざまな意匠がある。
• In addition, the paulownia patterns include various designs such as kawari-giri (a variational paulownia), Koetsu-giri (Koetsu's paulownia), Korin-giri (Korin's paulownia, also known as komori-giri (a bat-like paulownia)), usagi-giri (a rabbit-like paulownia), Hotei-giri (a Hotei-like paulownia) and otafuku-giri (an otafuku-like paulownia).

• 人目を驚かすために華美な趣向を凝らした意匠を指し、ばさらや数奇とともにわび・さびと対峙する存在として認識された。
• It means gorgeous, elaborate designs intended to surprise other people, and was recognized together with Basara and Suki as the opposite of Wabi and Sabi (plain and quiet tastes).

• 全国的には鵜飼漁をする人は「鵜使い」と呼ばれるのだが、長良川鵜飼では世襲制のため古くから「鵜匠」と呼ばれている。
• While the people doing ukai fishing are generally called 'Utukai,' those doing ulkai in Nagara-gawa River are traditionally called 'usho' because of the hereditary system.

• 17世紀の始め（慶長・元和 (日本)期）に作られ、雲母刷の用紙を使ったり、装丁に意匠が凝らされた豪華本であった。
• They were luxurious books using paper decorated with mica and elaborate designs on the binding, published at the beginning of the 17th century (during the Keicho-Genna years (Japan))

• 家紋の意匠としても用いられ、摺り畳扇を図案化した扇紋（おうぎもん）と板扇を図案化した檜扇紋（ひおうぎもん）がある。
• There are an Ogi-mon crest designed based upon a Suridatami-ogi (摺り畳扇) and a Hi-ogi-mon crest designed based upon an Ita-ogi (a fan with thin wooden board) which are used for designing family crests.

• また京都武者小路一門の茶匠で造園家の磯谷宗庸設計の三菱深川親睦園日本庭園内の洋館はジョサイア・コンドルが手がけた。
• While the Mitsubishi Fukagawa Shinboku-en (the Mitsubishi Fukagawa Shinboku Garden) was designed by a tea master and garden producer Soyo ISOYA of the Mushanokoji family in Kyoto, the western style house in it was accomplished by Josiah Conder.

• 1937年（昭和12年）4月、千恵プロ百本記念作品『浅野内匠頭』を撮り、『松五郎乱れ星』を製作して同社は解散した。
• In April of 1937, Chiezo Productions produced 'Asano Takuminokami,' a film to commemorate their 100th film, then liquidated after filming was completed for 'Matsugoro Midareboshi.'

• 国家の出納事務を行う大蔵省律令制における大蔵省や官営工房の中核である内匠寮と重複する部分も多く官制は度々変化した。
• Kuraryo had a large overlap with the Finance Ministry of the Ritsuryo system, which did the accounting and the Naishoryo (the institution where the furnishings and formality goods of the Imperial Family were made), which was the core of the government-run craft centers, and government-regulated organizations changed frequently.

• 曲尺がほとんど変化しなかったのは、建築技術は師匠から弟子へと伝えられるもので、政治の影響を受けなかったためである。
• It is considered today that this kane-jaku unit did not change because the construction and architectural techniques were handed down from masters to pupils outside of political influences.

• 史実だけを見ると、浅野内匠頭は、47士の1人千馬三郎兵衛を閉門処分にしており、重臣近藤正憲も組頭から解任している。
• When simply looking at historical facts, Asano Takumi no Kami sentenced one of 47 roshi Saburobe CHIBA to house confinement and removed chief retainer Masanori KONDO from his position as the head of the group.

• ある日、学問の師匠の神官、安倍弓麿のもとから帰るとき、東南からの激しい雨になり、傘をたたんで漁師小屋で雨宿りした。
• One day, when he goes back home from his mentor ABE no Yumimaro, a priest at Shingu, the rain began to pour down from the southeast, so he folds his umbrella and takes shelter from the rain in the fisherman's hut.

• しかしこの儀式が始まる直前、江戸城松之大廊下において勅使接待役にある浅野内匠頭が吉良上野介に対して刃傷におよんだ。
• However, just before the ceremony, Asano Takumi no Kami, the head of entertainment for Imperial envoy, tried to cut Kozukenosuke Suke KIRA down with a sword in the matsu no roka (the hallway of pines) in Edo-jo Castle.

• また、公家で歌人の三条西実隆の邸宅や摂関家の一つ近衛家に出入りし、1536年（天文5年）には連歌宗匠となっている。
• He also went in and out of the residence of Sanetaka SANJONISHI, who was Kajin (poet of Japanese poems), and Kuge (Aristocrat), and the Konoe family, who was one of the Sekkan family (line of regents and advisors), and became Renga sosho (master poet) in 1536.

• また浅野内匠頭が元禄14年（1701年）に接待役を命じられていた勅使の一人としても知られる（もう一人は柳原資廉）。
• He is known as one of the imperial messengers of whom Takuminokami ASANO was in charge of entertaining in 1701 (Another imperial messenger was Sukekado YANAGIWARA).

• その中で、浦崎浩實は没後の「キネマ旬報」に「多様な様式を一人でカバーした“超”のつく巨匠だった」との一文を寄せた。
• One of these supporters, Hiromi URASAKI commented that 'Ichikawa was the 'super' master who handled the various styles himself' in 'Kinema Junpo' after Ichikawa's death.

• 工業上利用することができる意匠の創作をした者は、次に掲げる意匠を除き、その意匠について意匠登録を受けることができる。
• A creator of a design that is industrially applicable may be entitled to obtain a design registration for the said design, except for the following:

• その意匠又はその意匠と同一若しくは類似の意匠に関する審査、審判、再審又は訴訟の当事者又は参加人から請求があつたとき。
• so requested by a party or an intervenor of examination, trial, retrial or litigation relating to the design or a design identical with or similar to the design;

• 特許法第三十五条（職務発明）の規定は、従業者、法人の役員又は国家公務員若しくは地方公務員がした意匠の創作に準用する。
• Article 35 (inventions by employees) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to creation of a design by an employee, an officer of a juridical person, or a national or local government employee.

• その意匠登録出願人が意匠の創作をした者でない場合において、その意匠について意匠登録を受ける権利を承継していないとき。
• where the applicant for design registration is not the creator of a design, the applicant has not succeeded to the right to obtain a design registration for the said design.

• 当該登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠に係る物品の製造にのみ用いる物の生産、譲渡等若しくは輸入又は譲渡等の申出をした行為
• manufacturing, assigning, etc., importing or offering for assignment, etc. of any product to be used exclusively for manufacturing an article to the registered design or a design similar thereto. ; and

• 白雲守端の門下に五祖法演が出て、その門弟より、圜悟克勤、仏鑑慧懃、仏眼清遠という、「三仏」と称される禅匠が現われた。
• After Goso Hoen, a disciple of Hakun Shutan, the Zen masters such as Engo Kokugon, Bukkan Egon and Butsugen Seion, who were Hoen's disciples, appeared and were called 'the three Buddha.'

• ちなみに刀匠（横座）と弟子（先手）が交互に刀身を鎚で叩いていく「向こう槌」が「相槌を打つ」という言葉の語源となった。
• In fact, the word 'Muko-zuchi,' describes the method by which Tosho (Yokoza, master) and his disciple (Sente, helper) alternately strike the body of the blade with a Tsuchi, and this has become the root of the word 'Aizuchi wo utsu (chiming in).'

• 十六八重菊に意匠的には似ている十六菊は日本国の発行するパスポートや議員バッジなどのデザインとして取り入れられている。
• The Jurokukiku design (chrysanthemum), which is similar to Jurokuyaegiku, is used for passports issued by Japan, Diet member's pin, etc.

• 舞良子（桟）は、片面又は両面に、横桟または縦桟として、等間隔や吹き寄せなど、さまざまな意匠を工夫して取り付けられた。
• The mairako was set in on one side or both sides as crosspiece horizontally or vertically in various designs such as the same interval or fukiyose (the arrangement of muntins, lattice, ceiling ribs, rafters, or similar structured elements in sets of two or three or more with a wide space between one group and the next).

• 通常弟子が師匠から免許や指南免許等を得た時点で、独自に門弟を指導し、免許を発行する権利も与えられるのが普通であった。
• At that time, when a disciple received from his or her master a license to teach, the disciple automatically received a privilege to issue his or her own license.

• しかし養父の死後尾上家から離縁されたため、大坂に戻って師匠・額十郎の俳名だった延若を名乗り、初代實川延若を襲名した。
• However, after the death of his adopted father, he was thrust out of the ONOE family and returned to Osaka where he took the name Enjaku which was the pen name of his teacher Gakujuro, and became Enjaku Jitsukawa (I).

• 鏡はすだれ御簾（みす）の陰から半面のみ姿を見せており、怪しげな黒雲（あるいは、そのような意匠の鏡立て）を伴っている。
• The right half of the mirror is hidden behind a blind screen, accompanied by a weird black cloud (or by a mirror stand with such a design).

• 彼らはそのまま泉岳寺へ向かい、同寺で内匠頭の葬儀を執り行ったが、大名の葬儀とは思えぬ淋しいものだったといわれている。
• They went straight to Sengaku-ji Temple and held a funeral for Takumi no Kami; however, the ceremony was too dreary for a feudal lord.

• しかし元禄15年（1702年）7月、内匠頭の弟浅野長広の広島浅野宗家への永預けが決まり、浅野家再興が絶望的となった。
• However, on July 1702, it was decided that Nagahiro ASANO, the younger brother of Takuminokami ASANO was sent to the head family of the Asano clan in Hiroshima as a prisoner for ever, and the restoration of the Asano clan became impossible.

• この頃からヨーロッパのルネサンスやバロックの巨匠、特にアルブレヒト・デューラーの影響が顕著な写実的作風に移っていく。
• Around this time on, his idiom was changing to a realistic one remarkably influenced by the great masters of the European Renaissance and Baroque, especially Albrecht Dürer.

• 茶道としての義央は、茶匠千宗旦の晩年の弟子の一人であり、『茶道便蒙抄』を著した茶人山田宗偏などとも親交を持っていた。
• Yoshihisa was one of the disciples of a tea master, SEN no Sotan, who was in his later years, and had a friendship with tea masters such as Sohen YAMADA, who wrote 'Chado benmosho' (a tea-ceremony manual).

• 門弟として地下（じげ＝庶民）出身である浄弁・頓阿・吉田兼好・慶運などを育て、二条派の宗匠としてその歌風を完成させた。
• He raised Joben, Tonna, Kenko YOSHIDA, and Keiun of common blood as his pupils and completed the style of waka as the master of Nijo school.

• 元禄14年(1701年)2月には霊元上皇の使者として江戸へ下向し、浅野内匠頭による吉良上野介への殿中刃傷に遭遇した。
• In March 1702, he moved down to Edo as a messenger from the Retired Emperor Reigen, and happened to be in Edo-jo Castle when Takumiokami ASANO drew his sword against Kozukenosuke KIRA in the castle.

• 日本映画の巨匠としてはヒット作や大衆的人気にめぐまれた方だが、一方でこれだけ批評家の間では好悪が分かれた人も少ない。
• Ichikawa is one of the few people who was polarized among commentators, while he, as a master in the Japanese film industry, had more hit films and popularity than others.

• 後の代表的な和算家吉田光由や今村知商、あるいは関孝和の師匠でもあった高原吉種などの弟子達を育てたことでも有名である。
• Shigeyoshi was also famous for teaching apprentices such as leading Wasanka (mathematicians) Mitsuyoshi YOSHIDA, Chisho IMAMURA and Yoshitane TAKAHARA who was the master of Takakazu SEKI..

• 専用実施権者は、設定行為で定めた範囲内において、業としてその登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠の実施をする権利を専有する。
• An exclusive licensee shall have an exclusive right to work the registered design or designs similar thereto as a business to the extent permitted by the contract granting the license.

• 願書、願書に添付した図面、写真、ひな形若しくは見本又は意匠登録出願の審査に係る書類であつて、意匠登録がされていないもの
• an application or drawing, photograph, model or specimen attached to an application, or any document pertaining to the examination of an application for design registration for which the design has not been registered;

• この法律の規定は、著作権法、特許法、実用新案法、意匠法又は商標法による権利の行使と認められる行為にはこれを適用しない。
• The provisions of this Act shall not apply to such acts recognizable as the exercise of rights under the Copyright Act, the Patent Act, the Utility Model Act, the Design Act, or the Trademark Act.

• 明治天皇の意により、宮内省式部職の下で鷹匠の雇用・育成も図られたが、第二次世界大戦後、宮内庁による実猟は中断している。
• In accordance with the will of Emperor Meiji, Takajo was employed and cultivated under the Shikibu-shoku (Imperial Household Ministry) but the actual hunting by the Imperial Household Agency was interrupted after the World War II.

• 豊臣秀吉に柄杓を納めて「天下一」と称されていた一阿彌という醒ヶ井の井戸守が、正玄の柄杓づくりの師匠であったといわれる。
• It is said that his instructor was Ichiami, Ido no Kami (a person who takes care of a well) in Samegai, who supplied ladles to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and was praised as being 'the best in the country.'

• 民間団体である日本酒サービス研究会・酒匠研究会連合会が、「きき酒師」及び「酒匠」（さかじょう）の資格認定を行っている。
• A private association called Sake Service Institution (SSI) conducts and certifies the qualification of the 'sake taster' and 'licensed sake taster'.

• アメリカン・コミックス界の巨匠であるスタン・リーが日本の漫画家である武井宏之とタッグを組んだ日米合同プロジェクト作品。
• It is a Japan-US joint project work created by Stan LEE, the grand master of the American comic-book world in collaboration with a Japanese comic writer, Hiroyuki TAKEI.

• 永禄7年、織田信長は長良川の鵜飼を見物し、鵜飼それぞれに鵜匠の名称を授け鷹匠と同様に遇し、1戸に禄米10俵を給与した。
• In 1564, Nobunaga ODA saw Nagara-gawa ukai and gave the title of usho as well as ten bales (traditional unit for rice, which is 60 kilograms) of stipend to each ukai fishermen, which was the same treatment with takajo (a hawker).

• 浅野内匠頭もこの前日には伝奏屋敷入りしており、以降数日間にわたり吉良の指南を受けながら勅使の饗応にあたるはずであった。
• Asano Takumi no Kami also entered the residence the previous day, and they were supposed to attend to the guests for the next few days under the instructions of Kira.

• 江戸時代には、社会に出る前の準備教育を寺子屋で終える者が多かった為、寺子屋の師匠は筆子たちにとって生涯の師でもあった。
• Since many common people in the Edo Period studied at terakoya for the preparation of being a member of society, teacher of terakoya was regarded as their masters of life.

• その後吉良は、江戸へ戻った後も朝廷との交渉が不調だったことを柳沢吉保に叱られ、浅野内匠頭に転嫁するという流れであった。
• In that drama, Kira was blamed for failed negotiations with the Imperial court by Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA after he had returned to Edo, and shifted the blame onto Takuminokami ASANO.

• 三条西家の当主だけあって歌道の宗匠として知られ、西四辻公業（大坂府知事）とともに明治天皇の歌道師範としても有名である。
• As he was a family head of the Sanjonishi family, he was known as a master of waka poetry, and it is also famous that he was an instructor of waka poetry of the Emperor Meiji as well as Kiminari NISHIYOTSUTSUJI (Governor of Osaka Prefecture).

• 審査官は、意匠登録出願が次の各号の一に該当するときは、その意匠登録出願について拒絶をすべき旨の査定をしなければならない。
• The examiner shall render an examiner's decision to the effect that an application for design registration is to be refused where the application for design registration falls under any of the following:

• 拒絶査定不服審判又は補正却下決定不服審判に係る書類であつて、当該事件に係る意匠登録出願について意匠登録がされていないもの
• Documents concerning a trial against an examiner's decision of refusal or a trial against an examiner's ruling dismissing an amendment requested for an application for design registration for which the design has not been registered;

• 一方、欧米諸国では浮世絵は、印象派の巨匠たちに見出されて高く評価され、その作品に影響を与え、油絵による模写もされている。
• On the other hand, in Western countries Ukiyoe were found and highly appreciated by the great masters of the Impressionist school, whose works were influenced by Ukiyoe, and they were even reproduced in oil paintings.

• 形状は宗匠頭巾のごとく一枚の布で頭部を覆うものであるが、額の上に大きな菱形の飾り布（錣）がついているところに特徴がある。
• Just as 'sosho-zukin' (hood worn by the teacher of tea ceremony, or other artistic skills), Sojuro-zukin covers the wearer's head, and its characteristic is 'shikoro' (big, decorative cloth shaped like a diamond) seen above the forehead.

• 鵜舟には鵜匠のほか鵜舟を操る責任者「供乗り（とものり）」と、鵜匠と供乗りの助手である「中乗り（なかのり）」が乗っている。
• Other than usho, 'tomonori,' who is responsible for steering a ship, and 'nakanori,' an assistant for usho and tomonori, are on board ubune.

• この大学の書状には吉良の存命については何も書かれておらず、藩士たちは内匠頭が吉良を討ち取ったと思い込んでいたといわれる。
• This letter from Daigaku stated no information on Kira's survival, and thus they thought that Takumi no Kami murdered Kira.

• 京都では大岩祐夢と名前を変え、旧臣らの仕送りで暮らしていたといわれるが、寺子屋の師匠をして身を立てていたとの記録もある。
• It is told that, in Kyoto, he changed his name to Yumu OIWA [大岩祐夢 正しい読み不明] and lived on remittances from his former vassals and there is a record that he earned a living as a teacher of terakoya (a private elementary school during the Edo period).

• また別系と思われる曾孫俊広が鷹匠として出仕、その二代後には時代劇などで知られる小石川養生所の開祖小川笙船を輩出している。
• His great-grandson, Toshihiro, became falconer, and two generations later, his grandson, Shosen OGAWA, fonded the Koishikawa Hospital, which is well known through its frequent depiction in historical dramas.

• 元来、「多少好学の風があり、風流風雅を嗜む傾き」のある土地であったため、俳諧の師匠として井月は伊那谷の人士に歓迎された。
• In that place where 'some local people had a love of learning and embraced an elegant and sophisticated atmosphere', people in the upper class in Inadani welcomed Seigetsu as a haiku instructor.

• 禅宗では、弟子に師匠の肖像画を与えることは、修行が完了したことの印であり、この肖像画も円爾が師から与えられたものである。
• In Zen Buddhism, a disciple's training is concluded by the presentation of his master's portrait and this specimen was presented by Enni.

• 四等官の下には官人雑任・舎人、更には技術や熟練度によって位置づけられた大工・少工・長上・番上以下多数の工匠を抱えていた。
• Under the four-tiered hierarchy, Zojishi had Kanjin Zonin (lower-ranking government official), toneri (servant) and further, a great number of artisan which were ranked according to their skills and mastery from top to downward, ookitakumi, sukunatakumi, chojoko, banjoko, and others.

• 意匠登録が次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、その意匠登録を無効にすることについて意匠登録無効審判を請求することができる。
• Where a design registration falls under any of the following, a request for a trial for invalidation of design registration may be filed.

• 登録意匠若しくはこれに類似する意匠に係る物品以外の物品又はその物品の包装に意匠登録表示又はこれと紛らわしい表示を附する行為
• putting a mark of design registration or a mark confusing therewith on an article which is not the article to the registered design and is not the article to a design similar to the registered design, or the package thereof;

• 本庭の池泉回遊式庭園（国指定の名勝）は名匠７代目小川治兵衛の代表作であると同時に近代日本庭園の最高傑作の一つとして名高い。
• The Chisen Kaiyushiki Teien Garden (a fairly large garden form that allows visitors to view the garden while strolling around its pond and fountain and through its premise; designated as National Scenic Beauty) of the main garden was a representative work of a master craftsman Jihei OGAWA the seventh, and at the same time it is famous for being one of the supreme masterpieces of the modern Japanese gardens.

• 8世紀の瑜伽部密教の三大学匠といわれるブッダグヒヤ、アーナンダガルバ、シャーキヤミトラなどの注釈書がチベット訳として残る。
• Commentaries by three great scholars of Yuga Esoteric Buddhism in the 8th century, Buddhaguhya, Anandagarbha, and Sakyamitra, remain as translations in Tibetan.

• 永禄7年、織田信長は長良川の鵜飼を見物し、鵜飼それぞれに鵜匠の名称をさずけ鷹匠と同様に遇し、1戸に禄米10俵あて給与した。
• In 1564 Nobunaga ODA saw Ukai at the Nagara-gawa River and gave the name of ujo (a cormorant master) to each Ukai and treated them the same as takajo (a falconer) and gave 10 bales of rice as stipend for each house.

• この鮎は通常市場では出回ることのない貴重で高価なものだが、観光旅館やホテルによっては鵜匠と契約し鵜鮎を賞味できる所もある。
• Uayu is so precious and expensive that it is normally not on sale at the market, but some tourist hotels serve it under the contract with usho.

• この後、片岡源五右衛門や礒貝十郎左衛門らは、浅野内匠頭の墓前で髻を切って吉良上野介の首級をあげることを泉下の主君に誓った。
• After that, Gengoemon KATAOKA, Jurozaemon ISOGAI and others cut their chignons off in front of Asano's grave and promised their lord to avenge Kira Kozuke no Suke.

• この頃から、師匠の蕪村とは対照的な画風である円山応挙に接近、文人画の味わいを残しつつ、写実的な作風へと転進し、画境を開く。
• From about this time, he became closer to Okyo Maruyama, whose picture had a contrasting style to that of his master Buson, and he broke new ground in his paintings, by changing his style to a more realistic one while conserving a taste for literati painting.

• 師匠勝楽は聖雲の父とされる若光を弔うため、自ら高句麗から携えてきた念持仏「聖天歓喜仏」を本尊とする寺院を建立しようとした。
• The master, Shoraku, tried to build a temple to worship the Shoten Buddha of Joy (a small statue of Buddha carried beside the body), which he brought from Goguryeo as a memorial for Jakko, who was believed to be the father of Shoten.

• 戊辰戦争時、旧幕府時御鷹匠であり、その後金貸し業を生業としていた東京府士族小林金平が、明治2年おきぬを気に入り身請けした。
• Kinpei KOBAYASHI, a Shizoku (family or person with samurai ancestors) in Tokyo Prefecture, who was a hawker during the time of the Boshin War and the Edo period and then ran a moneylending business, fell in love with Okinu and paid way out in 1869.

• 仁平3年（1153年）に、義兄弟の源義朝とともに従五位下に叙せられ、応保元年（1161年）に左近将監、内匠頭と進んでいる。
• In 1153, he was appointed to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) as well as his brother in law, MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, and he further promoted to Sakon no shogen (Lieutenant the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards), and takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans) in 1161.

• 意匠登録出願前に日本国内又は外国において、頒布された刊行物に記載された意匠又は電気通信回線を通じて公衆に利用可能となつた意匠
• Designs that were described in a distributed publication, or designs that were made publicly available through an electric telecommunication line in Japan or a foreign country, prior to the filing of the application for design registration; or

• 意匠登録出願人又は意匠権者は、第一項の規定により秘密にすることを請求した期間を延長し又は短縮することを請求することができる。
• The applicant for design registration or the holder of design right may request extension or reduction of the period for which the secrecy is requested under paragraph (1).

• 善意に、当該登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠に係る物品の製造にのみ用いる物の生産、譲渡等若しくは輸入又は譲渡等の申出をした行為
• producing, assigning, etc., importing or offering for assignment, etc., any product to be used exclusively for the manufacturing of an article to the registered design or a design similar thereto without knowledge; and

• 第六十三条第一項の規定により意匠原簿のうち磁気テープをもつて調製した部分に記録されている事項を記載した書類の交付を請求する者
• persons filing a request for the issuance of documents which contain matters recorded on the magnetic tapes that constitute the part of the Design Registry under Article 63(1).

• 師匠は、ひとりだけではなく複数の師匠を残して行くこともあれば、師匠の判断で跡を嗣ぐ師匠を残さずにその流れが終わることもある。
• It is possible for a master to leave behind several new masters, or at his discretion not to leave a successor and bring his line to an end.

• 京都市東山区の祇園一帯など花街では、新暦8月1日に芸妓や舞妓がお茶屋や芸事の師匠宅へあいさつに回るのが伝統行事になっている。
• In and around hanamachi (fleshpot) such as Gion in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, it is a traditional event conducted on August 1 (solar calendar) for geiko (young geisha) and maiko (apprentice geisha) to pay courtesy calls to ochaya (literally 'teahouse' which refers to places where geisha entertain their guests) and shishotaku (residences of their masters who teach them various accomplishments).

• また、6年9月（493年10月）に高句麗（こま）へ日鷹吉士（ひたかのきし）を遣わし、皮の工匠などの手工業者を招いたとされる。
• In September, 493, he dispatched HITAKA no Kishi to Koma (Goguryeo) and invited manufacturers of handicrafts, for example, master tanners.

• 初代・内匠頭（非参議・従三位）・岡崎宣持以降、江戸時代の石高は、蔵米30石であったが、明治に至り華族に列し子爵に叙せられた。
• After the first generation, Nobumochi OKAZAKI was the official architect for the Imperial Building Bureau (Hisangi, Jusanmi - Junior Third Rank), his hereditary stipend during the Edo period was thirty koku, but since the Meiji period, the family ranked as Kazoku (nobility) and was conferred the title of viscount.

• もちろん次官の仕事などしていないのはいうまでもないが、前記のように内蔵寮と浅野長矩が長官を務める内匠寮とは職務上関連が深い。
• It goes without saying that he did not do have any duties as deputy, but as mentioned previously, the Kuraryo and Naishoryo, where Naganori ASANO was head, have a close relationship regarding duties.

• この処遇に不満で、「いずれきっと上がれるのだから、今回は我慢しろ」となだめる師匠高砂と口論となり、激昂して手をあげてしまう。
• He grew so infuriated about this decision that he quarreled with his stable master TAKASAGO who tried to appease him saying 'you should put up with this because you would be promoted soon' and finally lifted a hand against him

• 意匠登録出願人は、意匠権の設定の登録の日から三年以内の期間を指定して、その期間その意匠を秘密にすることを請求することができる。
• An applicant for design registration may request that the design be kept in secret for a period that shall be designated in the request and shall be no more than three years from the date of the registration establishing the design right.

• 利害関係人が意匠権者の氏名又は名称及び登録番号を記載した書面その他経済産業省令で定める書面を特許庁長官に提出して請求したとき。
• so requested by an interested person who has submitted a document stating the name of the holder of the design right and the registration number and other documents required by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

• 実用を兼ねて容易に日本的な意匠を表現できる事から、日本国内のほか、日本の同盟国であった満州国でも用いられ、現存するものも多い。
• Since it is practical, yet easily expresses Japanese design, it has been used in Manchukuo (Manchuria), which was Japan's allied country, as well as in Japan; some buildings still exist.

• 飾り外廻縁と高欄を持ち、切妻破風、入母屋破風、千鳥破風、唐破風が組み合った、複雑な構造美と輪郭の荘厳な景観の意匠となっている。
• The design includes decorative wrap-around verandas with high handrails and a combination of gables in various styles such as the ｋirizuma-style, irimoya-style, chidori-style, and kara-style, presenting a complex and beautiful structure and outline as well as a magnificent sight to visitors.

• 北宋代になって、延沼の弟子の首山省念門下の汾陽善昭、広慧元漣、石門蘊聡といった禅匠が輩出して、一気に宗風が振るうようになった。
• In the Northern Sung, when the Zen masters such as Funyo Zensho, Koe Genren (広慧元漣) and Sekimon Unso who were disciples of Shuzan Shonen, a disciple of Ensho, appeared one after another, it came to flourish.

• 茶の湯の流行の影響から、面皮柱（丸太の四面を垂直に切り落とし、四隅に丸い部分を残した柱）を使用し、室内も軽妙な意匠を凝らした。
• Influenced by the prevalence of the tea ceremony, the menkawabashira (a pillar or post rafter or batten usually made of cedar or cypress, which has four planed sides but retains natural texture, including the bark, untouched at the corners) was used, and light, easy and elaborate designs were devised.

• 茶室の壁を土壁とし、土壁の下地である竹小舞（こまい）を見せた窓を開け、窓に竹の格子を付けるなど、草庵の風情を意匠に取り入れた。
• He incorporated the style of a tea hut into tea room using a clay wall, a window with takekomai (the lath used on top of rafters beneath sheathing and roofing materials) and a bamboo lattice in the window.

• さらに、ジャポニズムの影響と日本美術を取り扱っていたビングによってアール・ヌーヴォーには浮世絵のように平面的な意匠がみられる。
• Furthermore, some planar designs similar to Ukiyoe are found in Art Nouveau due to the influences of Japonism and Bing, who dealt with Japanese arts.

• 主にその流派の形の名、口伝、奥義や秘伝を記し、師匠が流派の後継者、あるいは目録、免許を与えた者に限って授けるような書物である。
• It is a manuscript that included the structure of that school, oral lesson, methods, or secret techniques that granted to an heir or the one who received mokuroku (a certificate of the completion of the art) or a permit from the master.

• 岐阜市ならびに関市の長良川における鵜飼は、日本で唯一宮内庁式部職鵜匠によって行われている（したがって身分は国家公務員である）。
• Ukai of Nagara-gawa River in Gifu City and Seki City are the only ukai in Japan that are conducted by shikibushoku usho of Kunaicho (accordingly, they are national public servants).

• 晩年に至るまで、自らが日本画の巨匠と称されるたびに「あいつ（菱田）が生きていたら俺なんかよりずっと巧い」と口にしていたという。
• Until his later years, whenever he was called a great master of Japanese painting, he reportedly said, 'If that guy [Hishida] were alive, he would be better than I am.'

• 試験官の吉村公三郎と川島雄三は、かえって面白がって中平を合格させた（石坂昌三著「巨匠たちの伝説 映画記者現場日記」三一書房）。
• Kozaburo YOSHIMURA and Yuzo KAWASHIMA who were examiners felt funny about him and passed him ('Legends of Masters, Diary of a Film Reviewer in the Fields' written by Shozo ISHIZAKA, published by Sanichi Shobo).

• 第一項の協議が成立せず、又は協議をすることができないときは、意匠権者又は専用実施権者は、特許庁長官の裁定を請求することができる。
• Where no agreement is reached by consultations or no consultations are able to be held as provided in paragraph (1), the holder of design right or the exclusive licensee may request the Commissioner of the Patent Office for an award.

• 設計はベンチ・ベニだが、施工は当時の日本の大工（日銀の内装を手がけた大工）や、家具の装飾を手がける指物師（木の道の匠）が作った。
• The cafe was designed by Benci BENI, but the construction work itself was undertaken by Japanese carpenters, who had done interior finishing work for the Bank of Japan building, and by sashimonoshi (cabinet makers).

• その後も、仏印了元や大梅法英らの禅匠を輩出し、北宋代には、臨済宗と比肩する勢いを有していたが、北宋末には、次第に衰退していった。
• After that, the Zen masters such as Butsuin Ryogen (仏印了元) and Daibai Hoei (大梅法英) appeared one after another and it had an influence as strong as the Rinzai sect in the Northern Sung period, but it gradually declined towards the end of the Northern Sung period.

• ウののどには紐が巻かれており、ある大きさ以上のアユは完全に飲み込むことができなくなっており、鵜匠はそれを吐き出させて漁獲とする。
• With a rope tied around it's neck, a cormorant can not completely swallow the ayu that is bigger than a certain size, and the ujo makes the ayu spit it out.

• 団扇の歴史は、その意匠（形状、材質、構造）ならびに機能・用途、意味・意義、背景・時代の特徴からみて、主に5つの時代に分類できる。
• The history of Uchiwa fan can mainly be categorized into five periods according to its design (shape, material, and structure), function and purpose, meaning and significance, background and period it existed.

• 「一、内匠頭には少々存念があったようなので、その意を家臣が達するためにやむをえずに大勢で示し合わせた場合は徒党とは言いがたい。」
• 1, It seems that Takumi no Kami held some grudge, and for his retainers to get together just to fulfill his will cannot be considered a faction.

• 天武天皇12年（684年）2月28日、広瀬王と大伴安麻呂が、判官、録事、陰陽師、工匠を引き連れて畿内を回り、都の候補地を探した。
• On February 28, 684, Prince Hirose and OTOMO no Yasumaro took an inspector, a secretary, a carpenter and the Yin Yang Master to the Kinai region to look for possible locations for the next capital.

• この時、吉田実連が老病のため、吉田実連の師匠である柴任美矩より播磨国明石市で審査を受けた等々のことは、『丹治峯均筆記』に詳しい。
• At that time, Sanetsura YOSHIDA was becoming infirm so, Minehira was supervised by Sanetsura YOSHIDA's teacher 柴任美矩 at Akashi in Harima province all of which and more is covered in detail in the book 'Tanji Hokin Hikki' (the biography of Musashi MIYAMOTO by Minehira TACHIBANA).

• 本意匠に係る二以上の関連意匠の意匠登録出願があつたときは、これらの関連意匠については、第九条第一項又は第二項の規定は、適用しない。
• Where applications for design registration are filed for two or more Related Designs pertaining to the Principal Design, Article 9(1) or (2) shall not apply to these Related Designs.

• このことは、神秘直感を通じて般若空の真理に直参せんとした大乗仏教中観派の法匠たる龍樹菩薩の教えを忠実にすることに通じるものである。
• This is connected with following the teaching of Ryuju Bosatsu, the master of Chukan School of Mahayana Buddhism, who tried to reach directly the truth of Hannya-ku through mystic instinct.

• 名手として知られた三浦恒吉(1863-1938)は、院内の伝助なる人物の流れを汲むが、旧新庄藩鷹匠家の佐々木甚助とも親交があった。
• A past master, Tsunekichi MIURA (三浦恒吉) (1863-1938), who was descended from Densuke (伝助) of Innai, also communicated with Jinsuke SASAKI of the Takajo family, the domain of the former Shinjo.

• しかし1946年（昭和21年）に篠塚流最後の町師匠と言われた水野つる女が死去すると、篠塚流は一時断絶という局面を迎えるにいたった。
• However, after the death of Tsurujo MIZUNO who was said to be the last 'machi-shisho' (literally, master in town) of the Shinozuka school in 1946, the school was temporally discontinued.

• 快慶が「巧匠安阿弥陀仏」時代に製作した仏像であり七宝繋ぎ文、四ッ目亀甲、二重斜格子文、籠目などの繊細な截金文様が美しく施されている
• This is a Buddha statue that Kaikei sculpted in his 'takusho amida butsu' (skilled artisan of Amida Buddha) era, and delicate patterns of connected shippo, yotsume kikko, double lattice and kagome, and so on are provided finely in the kirikane technique.

• また申の下刻（午後5時頃）には一関藩田村家より浅野内匠頭の遺体を引き渡したいから家臣を送るようにという使者が浅野長広に伝えられた。
• At around 5 p.m., the messengers from the Tamura family in Ichinoseki Domain told Nagahiro ASANO to send some retainers to hand over the body of Asano Takumi no Kami.

• いずれの書物も内匠頭が遺恨を主張していることについては触れているが、刃傷の原因となった「遺恨」の細かい内容については記していない。
• Every book talks about Takumi no Kami having a grudge; however, it does not go into details about the grudge that caused an affair of a sword fight.

• なお比較的資料の価値が高い『内匠頭御預かり一件』の方には長矩の側用人片岡高房と礒貝正久宛てに長矩が遺言を残したことが記されている。
• In addition, it is written in more reliable material 'takumi-no-kami oazukari ikken' (Record of Naganori ASANO in custody) that Naganori left his will to his sobayonin (lord chamberlain), Takafusa KATAOKA and Masahisa ISOGAI.

• 『新選組遺聞』における佐藤宣の談話によれば、沖田の剣術の形は師匠の近藤そっくりで、掛け声までがよく似た細い甲高い声であったという。
• According to Sen SATO in 'Shinsengumi Ibun', Okita's sword style was identical to his master, Kondo's and even his thin, high-pitched yells were very alike.

• 特許庁長官は、第二項の場合は、相当の期間を指定して、同項の協議をしてその結果を届け出るべき旨を意匠登録出願人に命じなければならない。
• The Commissioner of the Patent Office shall, in the case of paragraph (2), order the applicants to hold consultations as specified under paragraph (2) and to report the result thereof, designating an adequate time limit.

• 特許庁長官は、次の各号の一に該当するときは、第一項の規定により秘密にすることを請求した意匠を意匠権者以外の者に示さなければならない。
• The Commissioner of the Patent Office shall disclose the design for which the secrecy is requested under paragraph (1) to persons other than the holder of the design right, when:

• 特許法第三十三条並びに第三十四条第一項、第二項及び第四項から第七項まで（特許を受ける権利）の規定は、意匠登録を受ける権利に準用する。
• Article 33 and Article 34(1), (2) and (4) to (7) of the Patent Act (right to obtain patent) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the right to obtain the design registration.

• 更に平安時代中期以後、仏教関連の専門の工匠も僧籍に入る習慣が生まれ、宮廷あるいは一般を対象とした工匠との区別が図られるようになった。
• Furthermore, after the mid Heian period, it became common practice that artisans specialized in Buddhist subjects were ordained as monks and entered on the register of a Buddhist sect; they were thus distinguished from general artisans or those working for the Imperial court.

• 表千家の家元は四代である江岑の諱「宗左」を受け継ぎ、家元後嗣（若宗匠）は「宗員」、隠居してからは元伯の諱「宗旦」を名乗る伝統である。
• By tradition of Omote-senke, its iemoto takes over the real name of KOSHIN that is 'Sosa,' whereas, koshi (the successor) of iemoto is referred to as 'Soin' and the retired iemoto is referred to as 'Sotan,' the real name of GENPAKU.

• 由良之助の妻「お石」は実際の「大石内蔵助」を指し、本蔵の「浅き巧の塩谷殿」は実際の「浅野内匠頭」と、赤穂の名産「塩」を利かせている。
• The name of Yuranosuke's wife, 'Oishi,' refers to an actual person, 'Kuranosuke OISHI,' and Honzo's 'Asaki takumi no Enya-dono' is also derived from an actual person 'Takuminokami ASANO,' and 'En' (salt), a local product in Ako.

• 江戸三田（東京都港区 (東京都)三田駅 (東京都)）の前川忠大夫宅で堀部と会談し、浅野内匠頭の一周忌になる明年3月に決行を約束した。
• Oishi met Horibe at the residence of Chudaibu MAEKAWA located in Mita, Edo (current location of Mita Station, Minato Ward, Tokyo) and promised to carry out the plan in March of the next year, the first anniversary of Asano Takumi no Kami's death.

• その意匠登録が意匠の創作をした者でない者であつてその意匠について意匠登録を受ける権利を承継しないものの意匠登録出願に対してされたとき。
• where the design registration has been granted on an application for design registration filed by a person who is not the creator of the design and has not succeeded to the right to obtain a design registration for the said design; and

• 意匠登録出願、請求その他意匠登録に関する手続をした者は、事件が審査、審判又は再審に係属している場合に限り、その補正をすることができる。
• A person undertaking a procedure with regard to an application for design registration, a request or any other procedures relating to design registration, may make amendments only while the case is pending in examination, trial or retrial.

• 展示館は宮内省内匠寮技師片山東熊（かたやまとうくま）設計の本館（特別展示館）と京都大学名誉教授森田慶一設計の新館（平常展示館）がある。
• Among its exhibition halls, the main hall (Special Exhibition Hall) was designed by Tokuma KATAYAMA, a leading architect for the Imperial Household, and the new hall (the Collections Hall) was designed by Keichi MORITA, a professor emeritus at Kyoto University.

• 2007年には桂歌々志が師匠の名跡である桂歌之助 (3代目)を、2008年には桂小米朝 (3代目)が半世紀ぶりに5代目桂米團治を襲名。
• In 2007 Kakashi KATSURA assumed the grand household name of Utanosuke KATSURA (III), which was also his master's name, and in 2008 Kobeicho KATSURA (III) inherited the name of Yonedanji KATSURA V for the first time in fifty years.

• 指南許可を得れば自由に弟子を取って教えて良いとする流派や、免許を発行して良いが、師匠の許可を取る必要があるとする流派など様々であった。
• Every school had different characteristics: in one school if someone was qualified as Shinan-Menkyo, he or she was allowed to take disciples in and to instruct them freely, in another school he or she was allowed to issue licenses but needed to get the shisho's permission beforehand, and so on.

• 宗匠位は妙心寺管長代理の真浄宗詮、のちに仁峰令譲へと引き継がれて伊勢へ移るが、引き続き京城にて盛んに行われ終戦により引き揚げとなった。
• Although the position of the tea master was passed to Sosen Shinjo, a deputy of the chief abbot of Myoshin-ji Temple, and then to Reijo Jinpo, subsequently moving to Ise City with her; however, the practices of the tea ceremony of the school were frequently performed in Keijo, and because of the end of the World War II, the school was evacuated from Keijo.

• 大石内蔵助が十二月十九日に寺井玄渓（浅野内匠頭の藩医だった人物）に送った書状によると、一番の働きをしたのは不破数右衛門であったという。
• It is said in the letter sent from Kuranosuke OISHI to Genkei TERAI (who used to be a domain doctor for Asano Takumi no Kami) on December 19 (old lunar calendar) that Kazuemon FUWA did the most impressive work.

• 延宝3年（1675年）に江戸に下り、神田川 (東京都)の工事に携わった後は延宝6年（1678年）に宗匠となり、職業的な俳諧師となった。
• In 1675, he went down to Edo and was involved in the work of the Kanda River (Tokyo), and then became a master in 1678 to become a professional haikai poet.

• 延宝8年（1680年）8月18日 (旧暦)（9月10日）に従五位下に叙任し、さらに21日には祖父・長直と同じ内匠頭の官職を与えられた。
• On September 10, 1680, he was promoted to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and on 21, given a government post as takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans), which was the same post as his grandfather Naganao.

• 『平安末期、殺生を禁じる領主により禁漁となっていた笛吹川で鵜飼をした勘作という老鵜匠が、極刑を言い渡され簀巻きにされて川へ沈められた。
• 'In the late Heian period, an old cormorant fisherman called Kansaku, who fished with cormorants in the Fuefuki-gawa River where fishing was prohibited by the Lord, who prohibited killing, was sentenced to death, rolled up in a bamboo mat, and sank in the river.

• 建武 (日本)4年・延元2年（1337年）に再建された中世の大型仏堂の貴重な遺構で、和様建築を基調とした比較的簡素な建築意匠ではある。
• It is a valuable remnants of a large-scale Buddhist temple rebuilt in 1337, which is relatively-simple, based on the Japanese-style architecture.

• 附 内匠寮京都博物館建築工事図面630枚、本館小屋組模型2箇、柱頭装飾木彫原型1箇、破風装飾木彫原型3箇、額縁装飾木彫原型1箇、棟札1枚
• Architectural Drafts of the Former Kyoto Imperial Museum (630) (Naishoryo (Bureau of Skilled Artisans) affiliated to the Museum), Models for the Roof of the Special Exhibition Hall (2), Capital Ornament Model (1), Gable Decoration Models (3), Frame Ornament Models (1), and Construction Tag (1)

• しかし、やがてそのメロディーは邦楽的技巧表現の傾向を強め、1960年代に美空ひばりを得ることによって演歌の巨匠としてその地位を確立した。
• Later on, however, the Melodies increasingly became the expression of techniques of Japanese music, and appearance of Hibari MISORA in the 1960s elevated Koga to a position of enka master.

• これを受けて片岡源五右衛門、礒貝十郎左衛門、田中貞四郎、中村清右衛門、糟谷勘左衛門、建部喜六らが田村邸へ入り、内匠頭の遺体を引き取った。
• In response to this request, he sent Gengoemon KATAOKA, Jurozaemon ISOGAI, Sadashiro TANAKA, Seiemon NAKAMURA, Kanzaemon KASUYA and Kiroku TAKEBE to the Tamura residence and received his body.

• 元禄14年(1701年)3月14日に主君浅野内匠頭が吉良上野介に刃傷に及んだとき、信清は藩主の参勤交代にお供していたため、江戸にあった。
• On March 14, 1701, when Asano Takumi no Kami, his lord, injured Kira Kozukenosuke, Nobukiyo stayed in Edo because he was accompanying the lord of the domain for Sankin-kotai (alternate-year residence in Edo).

• 元禄14年（1701年）3月14日、江戸城松之大廊下で主君浅野長矩が吉良義央へ刃傷におよび、浅野内匠頭は即日切腹、赤穂藩は改易となった。
• On April 21, 1701, Naganori ASANO, his lord, injured Yoshinaka KIRA in Matsu no Oroka (a long corridor called matsu [pine tree]) of the Edo-jo Castle, and Asano Takumi no Kami was ordered to commit Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) immediately on the day and 'kaieki' sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties) was ordered to the Ako domain.

• この金属板を張った構内の壁の全面には、修道僧の気味の悪い迷信が生みだした恐ろしく厭（いと）わしい意匠の画が、不器用に描きなぐってあった。
• The entire surface of this metallic enclosure was rudely daubed in all the hideous and repulsive devices to which the charnel superstition of the monks has given rise.

• 外観に特徴を与える意匠として商業施設などに採用される場合があるが、茅葺に見えるような繊維強化プラスチックなどの屋根が採用されることもある。
• Thatched roof designs are sometimes used in commercial facilities to give character to their exterior, but some use reinforced plastic that look similar to thatch instead.

• 師を持たずに悟りを得たゴータマ・シッダッタ（仏陀、釈尊）を持ち出すまでもなく、唐代の祖師たちは、師匠から教わって悟ったのではないのである。
• Masters in the Tang dynasty did not learn to get enlightenment from anybody - not to mention Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha, Shakuson), who gained enlightenment without a teacher.

• 一方、5巻26ページでは海人が「自分が能を辞めたら憲人が左右十郎を継ぐしかない」と発言しているので、匠人から海人に継承される可能性もある。
• On page 26 of the fifth volume, on the other hand, Kaito says, 'If I give up Noh, there will be nobody but Norito to succeed to Sojuro,' meaning that it is also possible that Kaito will become the family head after Takuto.

• しかし、西軍に属したのは本意でなかったため、内々に歌道の師匠でもあった藤孝に通じており、そのため、戦後は徳川家康から所領を安堵されている。
• However, as Moritomo was constrained to join the Western Camp, and also because he had a secret connection with Fujitaka HOSOKAWA who was his master in waka poetry, he was permitted to retain his territory by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA after the battle.

• 別当や預 (役職)、奉行などの監督の下に鍛治・番匠・檜物師・鋳物師などの職人が集められ、権門のために工芸品や道具・器具を製造して奉仕した。
• Workmen such as Kaji (smith), Bansho (builder), Himonoshi (hinoki cypress craftsman), Imonoshi (caster) and so on were gathered under the supervision of Betto (administrator of a Buddhist temple), Azukari (an additional post to the chief of Naizenshi [imperial table office]), Bugyo (magistrate) and so on, and gave their service by manufacturing handicrafts, tools and instruments for Kenmon.

• 元禄15年（1702年）7月18日、江戸幕府は閉門中だった内匠頭の弟浅野長広の広島市広島藩への永預けを決定し、浅野家再興は絶望的となった。
• On August 11, 1702, the Edo bakufu decided to extend the house confinement of Nagahiro ASANO (Asano Takumi no Kami's younger brother) in Hiroshima Domain in Hiroshima City, so restoring the Asano family became hopeless.

• 通常実施権者は、この法律の規定により又は設定行為で定めた範囲内において、業としてその登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠の実施をする権利を有する。
• A non-exclusive licensee shall have a right to work the registered design or designs similar thereto as a business to the extent prescribed by this Act or permitted by the contract granting the license.

• 意匠権の消滅（存続期間の満了によるもの及び第四十四条第四項の規定によるものを除く。）又は回復（第四十四条の二第二項の規定によるものに限る。）
• the extinguishment of design rights (excluding extinguishment upon expiration of the duration and under Article 44(4)) or the restoration thereof (limited to restoration under Article44-2(4));

• 師匠が肉体を去るときには少なくとも跡継ぎを選んで行くが、跡継ぎは必ずしも悟りを開いているとは限らず、その事は師匠とその弟子だけが知っている。
• Although masters choose their successors when they die, the successors have not necessarily attained enlightenment by that time, but that fact is only known to the master and the successor himself.

• ことに和服の帯のように幅広のものは、意匠を凝らす余地が存分にあることから、様々な模様が与えられ、帯としての機能を離れ鑑賞物とすらなっている。
• Especially, since obi for traditional Japanese clothes are broad enough to include various designs, obi became ornamental apart from its original functions as obi.

• さらに、浅野内匠頭が切腹になったのに吉良上野介が無罪になったことの不当性を、本来は幕府に訴えて、裁判により明らかにすべきであると論じている。
• And he went on to say that the judgment by the government was not adequate to make ASANO Takumi-no-kami to kill himself, leaving the other party KIRA Kozuke-no-suke non-guilty; the ideal closing should have been to bring the case to the government to resolve by court.

• 明治期まで「川柳」、「川柳風狂句」ないし「川柳狂句」とよばれたのは、川柳という宗匠を頂点とする会員による狂句で、それ以外の雑俳と区別された。
• It continued to be called 'senryu,' 'senryufu kyoku,' or 'senryu kyoku' until the Meiji period, as it was kyoku composed by the members whose master was Senryu; this differentiated kyoku from other zappai (playful literature originating from haiku).

• 大石は江戸三田（東京都港区 (東京都)三田 (東京都港区)）の前川忠大夫宅で堀部と会談し、浅野内匠頭の一周忌になる明年3月に決行を約束した。
• OISHI had a meeting with HORIBE in the house Tadashi MAEKAWA tayu of Tokyo' Minato-ward in which he promised to stand up for Takumonokami ASANO the following March which happened to be the first anniversary of his death.

• しかし、このような重要なシーンをあえて最初に撮ったのは、中平が助監督時代によく就いた、師匠の渋谷実の演出法を受け継いだものであるといわれる。
• However, it is said that he daringly shot such an important scene at first because he had succeeded in staging his master Minoru SHIBUYA when he was an assistant director.

• 中平は裕次郎に、いつものようにやれ、映画を撮ってるなんて思うな、と演出したという（石坂昌三著「巨匠たちの伝説 映画記者現場日記」三一書房）。
• It is said that Nakahira told Yujiro to act as usual and not to think you are acting in a film ('Legends of Masters, Diary of a Film Reviewer in the Fields' written by Shozo ISHIZAKA, published by Sanichi Shobo).

• 前条第一項第一号の規定による第一年分の登録料は、意匠登録をすべき旨の査定又は審決の謄本の送達があつた日から三十日以内に納付しなければならない。
• The registration fee for the first year under Article 42(1)(i) shall be paid within 30 days from the date on which a certified copy of the examiner's decision or the trial decision to the effect that the design is to be registered has been served.

• 例えば、徒歩鵜では鵜匠ごとに1羽ないし極数羽のウを操るが、小船を用いた一般的な鵜飼においては、1人の鵜匠が5羽から10羽程度のウを一度に操る。
• For example, while in kachi-u (cormorant fishing on foot) one ujo uses one or very few cormorants, in the general Ukai on a small boat one ujo uses 5 to 10 cormorants at a time.

• 格式を重んじる書院の茶から、俗世間を超越した精神的昂揚を重んじる侘茶が流行して行き、草庵の風情を意匠に取り入れた茶の為の空間が確立されていく。
• From the Shoin tea ceremony that was particular about formalities, the wabicha (the subdued-style tea ceremony) which emphasized the raising of a spirit standing aloof from the world had become popular and the space for tea ceremony including a tea hut into design had been established.

• 長良川の鵜飼いとしては、岐阜市の長良川鵜飼が有名であるが、小瀬鵜飼も長良川鵜飼と同じ皇室御用の鵜飼であり、鵜匠は職名を宮内庁式部職鵜匠という。
• Although Nagaragawa ukai that is conducted in Gifu City is famous, Oze ukai is also patronized by the Imperial Court as with Nagaragawa ukai and the official job title of ujo (a fisherman of cormorant fishing) is Kunaicho (Imperial Household Agency) shikibushoku ujo.

• 鵜匠による鵜の供養自体は百数十年前より行われていたが、1983年（昭和58年）10月16日に鵜飼関係者の浄財により長良宮口町に塚が建立された。
• The memorial service for cormorants has been held by usho (a fisherman of cormorant fishing) for more than a hundred years, and a monument was constructed on October 16, 1983 in Nagara Miyaguchi-cho thanks to the contribution by ukai related people.

• 鷹匠が鷹を調教する役目を担ったのに対して、鳥見は鷹狩を行う現地（鷹狩場）における鳥の生息状況を監視してより獲物の多い場所へと導く役割を担った。
• In contrast to the takajo (hawker) in charge of training the birds, the torimi was responsible for supervising the bird habitat in the hunting grounds in order to guide the shogun to locations with a high percentage of prey.

• 仕向国における特許権、実用新案権、意匠権、商標権若しくは著作権を侵害すべき貨物又は原産地を誤認させるべき貨物であつて、経済産業大臣が指定するもの
• Goods that may infringe patent rights, utility model rights, design rights, trademark rights, or copyrights in destination countries or may cause misunderstanding about their country of origin; however, limited to those specified by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry

• 第一項の規定による却下の決定があつたときは、決定の謄本の送達があつた日から三十日を経過するまでは、当該意匠登録出願について査定をしてはならない。
• Where the ruling dismissing an amendment under the preceding paragraph (1) has been rendered, the examiner shall not render a decision on the application for design registration before the expiration of 30 days from the date on which a certified copy of the ruling has been served.

• また、このような明への渡海は、かつての師匠である疎石と同じく、日本における政治家や武将たちからも一目を置かれる存在として見なされるようになった。
• His travel to Ming earned the respect from politicians and military commanders in Japan just like his former mentor Soseki.

• 結城落城の際、公方家の近習であった大塚匠作から一子・番作に託され、番作はその死に際して子の犬塚信乃にこの刀を滸我公方成氏に献上することを託した。
• It was entrusted by Shosaku INUZUKA, kinju (attendant) serving the kubo family, to his only son Bansaku at the time of the fall of Yuki-jo Castle, and Bansaku, on the verge of death, entrusted it to his son Shino INUZUKA and asked him to present it to Nariuji the Koga kubo.

• 1874年（明治7年）、京都に住む印鑑の名匠、安部井櫟堂（あべい れきどう：1805 - 1883）が命じられ、国璽と共に1年がかりで製作した。
• Rekido ABEI (1805-1883), a master craftsman of seal-engraving in Kyoto, was commissioned with its creation in 1874, and spent a year making it and the seal of state.

• 寺坂吉右衛門の書いた『寺坂私記』によると原惣右衛門が書いた浅野内匠頭家来口上書を上包して箱に入れ、青竹に挟んで吉良邸の玄関前に立て置いたという。
• According to 'Terasaka Shiki' (Terasaka's private record) by Kichiemon TERASAKA, after Soemon HARA put the verbal note of Asano Takumi no Kami's retainers in a box and put it between a green piece of bamboo, he placed it at the entrance of Kira's residence.

• 邸内の火の始末をしたあと、吉良邸を出て、辰の刻（午前8時ごろ）浅野内匠頭の墓がある泉岳寺に着き、墓前に吉良上野介の首級を供え、仇討ちを報告した。
• After putting out the fire, they left Kira's residence and arrived at Zengaku-ji Temple at around 8 a.m., where Asano Takumi no Kami's grave is, and reported the successful revenge by placing Kira Kozuke no Suke's head

• 現存する2番目の作品である醍醐寺三宝院弥勒菩薩坐像（建久3年・1192年）からは作品に「巧匠アン阿弥陀仏」（「安」は梵字）と銘記するようになる。
• From the second oldest existing work, which is a seated statue of Miroku Bosatsu in Sanboin, Daigo-ji Temple (1192), he started using the inscription 'Artisan AN AMIDA BUTSU' (writing AN in Sanskrit.)

• 同年11月、薩摩藩から倒幕運動の出兵要請を受けた藩主毛利敬親の命令で、全軍総督である毛利内匠の東征軍先鋒隊700人余とともに海路で京都に入った。
• In December of the same year,he went into Kyoto by sea along with some 700 people in the spearhead convoy of the expeditionary force to the east, which was under Takumi MOURI, governor of all the army, ordered by the lord of domain Takachika MORI, who had been requested by the Satsuma Domain to dispatch the troops for the movement to overthrow the Shogunate.

• 明治10年（1877年）、神戸で10歳年長の裁縫師匠・播田ツルと同居しており、明治13年（1880年）に同女と結婚（婿入り）して播田姓を名乗る。
• In 1877, he lived in Kobe with Tsuru HATA, a female sewing instructor who was older than he by 10 years, and married her in 1880, becoming a member of her family and bearing the name of Hata.

• 婿入りして娶った師匠の娘は浪費や不貞を重ねる悪妻で、見るに見かねた弟子が、妻の浮気相手を殴って川に放り込み死亡させるという事件まで発生している。
• He married into his master's family and his wife wasted their money and repeatedly had affairs; so one of his pupils who could not stand the situation, punched the man who was having an affair with her, threw him into a river and eventually killed him.

• しかし海外での受賞が少ないことや、基本的に日常派で華々しい話題性や刺激に乏しい作品が多いこともあり、晩年は急速に忘れられた巨匠と化しつつあった。
• However, since he won less formal overseas awards than Kurosawa and most of his works were based on everyday life rather than dramatic and stimulating events, he quickly became a forgotten master in later years.

• 「光学（Dioptrics）」で説明した発明を工匠たちがすぐに実現できなくても、それを根拠にしてその発明自体を糾弾する資格はだれにもないと思う。
• Though artisans may not be able at once to execute the invention which is explained in the 'Dioptrics,' I do not think that any one on that account is entitled to condemn it;

• 特許権、実用新案権、意匠権又は商標権を害した罪により有罪の言渡をした事件について、その権利の無効の審決が確定したとき、又は無効の判決があつたとき。
• With regard to cases where a person has been found guilty of criminal infringement of a patent right, utility model right, design right, or trademark right, a trial decision that voided such right has become final, or a judgment that voided such right has been rendered;

• 同一又は類似の意匠について異なつた日に二以上の意匠登録出願があつたときは、最先の意匠登録出願人のみがその意匠について意匠登録を受けることができる。
• Where two or more applications for design registration have been filed for identical or similar designs on different dates, only the applicant who filed the application for design registration on the earliest date shall be entitled to obtain a design registration for the design.

• 前号の自らした意匠登録出願について、その意匠登録出願に係る意匠が第三条第一項各号の一に該当し、拒絶をすべき旨の査定又は審決が確定した者であること。
• with regard to the application for design registration filed by the person as prescribed in the preceding item, an examiner's decision or trial decision to the effect that the application is to be refused on the ground that the design in the application falls under any of items of Article 3(1) has become final and binding.

• 意匠権者又は専用実施権者は、自己の意匠権又は専用実施権を侵害する者又は侵害するおそれがある者に対し、その侵害の停止又は予防を請求することができる。
• A holder of a design right or an exclusive licensee may demand of a person who infringes or is likely to infringe the design right or exclusive license to stop or prevent such infringement.

• 神紋には、各神社にゆかりのある公家・武家の家紋が用いられる他、唐などにおける図案や由緒縁起にまつわる図案など独自の意匠が用いられていることも多い。
• For Shrine Mon, Kamon of Kuge or Buke which is related to each shrine, is used and original designs like those from the T'ang-Dynasty and others, related to the origin of a shrine, are often used as well.

• 禅宗建築として代表的な鎌倉の円覚寺舎利殿では、中央は一般的な桟唐戸であるが、両脇の扉が花灯窓を大きく意匠した構えで、内側に桟唐戸を立て込んでいる。
• In the Shari-den (a special hall for keeping the Buddha's bones relics) of the Engaku-ji Temple, which is a representative architecture of Zen sect, while the central door adopts conventional sangarado, both side doors have large Katomado with sangarado set inside.

• 吉良上野介が浅野内匠頭に美しい小姓を譲ってくれるよう懇望したが、断られたため恨みをいだいたという男色（衆道）遺恨説も、幾つかの文献に記されている。
• There is also a theory called gay revenge theory which explains that when Kirano Kozuke no Suke implored Asano Takumi no Kami to send some handsome pageboys, he was rejected and thus held a grudge against Asano.

• 意匠登録を受けようとする者は、次に掲げる事項を記載した願書に意匠登録を受けようとする意匠を記載した図面を添付して特許庁長官に提出しなければならない。
• A person requesting a design registration shall submit to the Commissioner of the Patent Office an application stating the following matters and drawing depicting the design for which registration is requested:

• 本意匠の意匠権について専用実施権が設定されているときは、その本意匠に係る関連意匠については、前項の規定にかかわらず、意匠登録を受けることができない。
• Where an exclusive license has been established for the design right of the Principal Design, a design registration shall not be granted to its Related Designs, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph.

• 楽譜の肝心な部分は、弟子が肉筆で加筆するようになっている(師匠に手続きをふんで入門し、門人にならないと、楽譜を教えてもらえない仕組みになっていた）。
• At that time, the core parts of a score weren't written in advance, so each disciple of a master had to add those parts later (the system was employed in which, when a person wanted to learn certain musical scores it was necessary to enter the school of the master through necessary procedures and become his disciple.)

• 細川幽斎（幽斎）が守る丹後国田辺城 (丹後国)を攻撃したが、歌道の師匠であった藤孝を積極的に攻める意思は無く、傍観的対応に終始した（田辺城の戦い）。
• Although he attacked Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango Province, which was defended by Yusai HOSOKAWA (Fujitaka YUSAI), as he had no intention to positively attack Fujitaka, who was the teacher for waka poetry, he maintained a spectator-like attitude from start to finish (the Battle of Tanabe-jo Castle).

• 恐らく本気で立ち合ったら師匠の近藤もやられるだろうと皆が言っていた」（『永倉新八遺談』）と語ったことが知られているが、新選組内部以外からの声もある。
• Everyone said that if Okita seriously fought his master, Kondo would lose,' ('Nagakura Shinpachi Idan,') is well-known but there are also comments to the same effect from outside the Shinsengumi's inner circle.

• 蟄居後は寺子屋師匠などを務め、同士との密かな交流や幕府による長州征伐（幕長戦争）での出兵問題では藩主・直正への献言を行うなど政治的活動は続けている。
• After his house arrest, he worked as a temple elementary school teacher among other occupations and continued his political activities such as secret contact with his comrades and offering his opinion to domain lord Naomasa on the issue of dispatching troops on the shogunate's Choshu Conquest (Baku-cho War (war between the bakufu and Choshu)).

• 直見線：ふれあいプラザ前 - 下夜久野駅前 - 下日置 - 高内 - 大油子 - 上夜久野駅前 - 農匠の郷 - 門垣 - 副谷 - 宮垣 - 才谷
• Naomi Route: Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Yakuno Station Front - Simo-Heki - Takauchi - Oyugo - Kami-Yakuno Station Front - Farming Craftsman Village - Kazuka - Soedani - Miyagaki - Saitani

• この法律で「特定侵害訴訟」とは、特許、実用新案、意匠、商標若しくは回路配置に関する権利の侵害又は特定不正競争による営業上の利益の侵害に係る訴訟をいう。
• The term 'Specific Infringement Lawsuit' as used in this Act means any lawsuit related to infringement of a right concerning a patent, utility model, design, trademark or circuit layout, or infringement of a business interest by specific unfair competitions.

• 第一項又は第二項の規定により提出する図面、写真又はひな形にその意匠の色彩を付するときは、白色又は黒色のうち一色については、彩色を省略することができる。
• Where colors of the design are applied to the drawing, photograph or model to be submitted under paragraph (1) or (2), the applicant may omit to apply either black or white to them.

• 特許庁長官は、裁判所から登録意匠及びこれに類似する意匠の範囲について鑑定の嘱託があつたときは、三名の審判官を指定して、その鑑定をさせなければならない。
• Where the Commissioner of the Patent Office is commissioned by the court for the provision of an expert opinion on the scope of a registered design and designs similar thereto, the Commissioner of the Patent Office shall appoint three trial examiners and direct them to provide an expert opinion on the requested matter.

• 前項の規定により登録料を追納する意匠権者は、第四十二条第一項の規定により納付すべき登録料のほか、その登録料と同額の割増登録料を納付しなければならない。
• The holder of the design right who makes a late payment of the registration fees under the preceding paragraph shall pay, in addition to the registration fees to be paid under Article 42(1), a registration surcharge in the same amount as the registration fees.

• 無効にした意匠登録に係る意匠権が再審により回復したときは、意匠権の効力は、当該審決が確定した後再審の請求の登録前における次に掲げる行為には、及ばない。
• Where a design right pertaining to an invalidated design registration has been restored by a retrial, such design right shall not be effective against the following acts conducted after the trial decision became final and binding but before the registration of the request for a retrial:

• 破風が少なく、黒塗りの下見板がめぐらされているため、漆黒で簡素な外観であるが、複合連結式であるため見る角度によって異なる印象の意匠を見ることができる。
• Its exterior looks austere with a few gables and black-painted sidings but, since the construction is a multiple attached style, the castle tower gives different impressions to its beholders depending on the angle from which it is viewed.

• 魚を飲み込めないように鵜の喉に輪を装着するのは日本も中国も同じだが、中国では日本のように鵜を綱に繋がず、魚を捕らえた鵜は自発的に鵜匠の元に戻ってくる。
• Both in Japan and China a ring is put around the neck of cormorant to prevent the bird from swallowing the fish, but in China a cormorant is not tied to a rope and comes back to ujo by itself, which is different from that in Japan.

• そして運命の元禄14年（1701年）が訪れ、2月4日に江戸にある内匠頭は、東山天皇の使者として江戸へ下向する予定の勅使達の接待役を幕府より命じられた。
• February 4 of the fateful year of 1701, Takumi no kami was appointed in Edo by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) head of entertainment for Imperial envoys travelling from the capital to Edo as messengers of Emperor Higashiyama.

• 東常縁の『東野州聞書』によれば、忠守は『源氏物語』の覚生（学匠）として知られ、頓阿とともに『源氏物語』読み合わせの際の「禁制詞」を定めたとされている。
• According to the 'Toyashu kikigaki' of Tsuneyori TO, Tadamori was known to be a 覚生 (excellent student) of the 'Genji Monogatari,' and he and Tona apparently defined `prohibited terms' when reading the 'Genji Monogatari.'

• 登録意匠の範囲は、願書の記載及び願書に添附した図面に記載され又は願書に添附した写真、ひな形若しくは見本により現わされた意匠に基いて定めなければならない。
• The scope of a registered design shall be determined based upon the design stated in the application and depicted in the drawing or represented in the, photograph, model or specimen attached to the application.

• 前項の規定による登録料及び割増登録料の追納があつたときは、その意匠権は、第四十三条第二項に規定する期間の経過の時にさかのぼつて存続していたものとみなす。
• Where the registration fees and the surcharge are paid under the preceding paragraph, the design right shall be deemed to have been maintained retroactively from the time of expiration of the time limit as provided in Article 43(2).

• 第三十八条の規定により意匠権又は専用実施権を侵害する行為とみなされる行為を行つた者は五年以下の懲役若しくは五百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
• A person who has committed any acts which are be deemed to constitute infringement of a design right or an exclusive license under Article 38 shall be punished by imprisonment with work for a term not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding 5,000,000 yen or combination thereof.

• 振興会には2004年9月現在、人形座14団体、大夫部屋6団体、三味線師匠6団体が所属しており、阿波十郎兵衛屋敷では阿波十郎兵衛座が定期公演を行っている。
• As of September 2004, 14 groups of Ningyo-za, 6 tayu stables and 6 groups of masters of shamisen belong to the Promotion Association, and Awa Jurobe-za gives regular performances at Awa Jurobe Yashiki.

• 天武天皇12年（683年）12月13日に、伊勢王、羽田八国、多品治、中臣大島は、判官・録史・工匠といった部下を引き連れて全国を巡り、諸国の境界を定めた。
• On January 8, 684, ISE no O, HATA no Yakuni, O no Honji, and NAKATOMI no Oshima set off on a journey around the country to set boundaries between provinces accompanied by their subordinates including hangan (Judge Magistrate), rokushi (secretaries keeping records), and kosho (engineers).

• 板生千原線：下夜久野駅 - ふれあいプラザ前 - 下千原 - 高内 - 口小倉 - 道の駅農匠の郷やくの - 上夜久野駅 - 門垣 - いもぢ - 田谷
• Ito-Chihara Route: Simo-Yakuno Station - Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Chihara - Takauchi - Kuchi-Ogura - Roadside Station Farming Craftsman Village Yakuno - Kami-Yakuno Station - Kazuka - Imoji - Tatani

• また、殖産興業のために工芸品の意匠・デザインに関する教育をおこなうことも目的のひとつであり、その課程に西洋画を導入したことは当時としては画期的であった。
• Also, another purpose was to provide education in the design of crafts in order to encourage new industry, and it was history making for a school of that time to introduce Western Painting in educational courses.

• 新しい師匠が悟りを開いていなくとも、悟りを開いていた師匠の時代から数世代の間であれば、世代を越えて弟子が悟りを開くことは可能なため、その様な手段が取られる。
• Even if the new master had not attained enlightenment, the disciples would have been able to do so if it is within a few generations from that of the master who gained enlightenment, therefore it is possible to take such a measure.

• 元和 (日本)元年徳川家康が鵜飼を見物し、石焼きのアユに感賞し、以来、江戸城に毎年アユを献上するのが例となり、鵜匠21戸に戸ごとに10両の扶持を給せられた。
• In 1615 Ieyasu TOKUGAWA saw Ukai and was impressed by the taste of ayu baked on hot pebbles, so that it became a custom to present ayu to Edo Castle every year and 21 Ukai houses were each given 10 ryo as a salary.

• 犬山で鵜飼が始められたのは、1660年～70年頃、犬山城城主成瀬正親が三河国足助（現豊田市足助）から2人の鵜匠を呼び寄せ、御料鵜飼を行なったことからである。
• The ukai in Inuyama started around 1660 – 1670, as the lord of Inuyama-jo Castle Masachika NARUSE invited two ujo from Asuke, Mikawano-kuni (present-day Asuke, Toyota City) and had them perform the Imperial cormorant fishing.

• 明治時代になると、犬山の鵜飼を復興する運動が始まり、1899年（明治32年）に岐阜県稲葉郡長良村（現岐阜市、長良川鵜飼）より鵜匠を招き入れ、鵜飼は復活する。
• In the Meiji period, there was a movement to revive Inuyama ukai, and in 1899, it started again with ujo invited from Nagara Village, Inaba District, Gifu Prefecture (present-day Gifu City; ujo of Nagara-gawa ukai).

• 縄文式土器、弥生式土器は地域色が強かったのに対し、土師器では、厳密に言えば地方色もあるが、同じような意匠・技法による土器が本州から九州までの規模で分布する。
• In contrast to Jomon and Yayoi types that were strongly regional in characteristic, Haji is found distributed widely from Honshu to Kyushu islands, based on identical design and production method, although some regional traits can also be found if scrutinized closely.

• その建築様式は合理的な構造、豪放な意匠で大仏殿にはふさわしいものであったが、日本人の好む穏やかな空間とは相容れない面もあり、重源が死去すると大仏様も衰えた。
• Although the architectural style, incorporating rational structure and a bold design, was suitable for the Great Buddha Hall, it was incompatible with the Japanese preference for a serene space, and so Daibutsu-yo lost popularity after the death of Chogen.
• The architectural style is practical in structure and bold in design, which was ideally suited for housing the Great Buddha statue, but there were aspects that conflicted with the Japanese fondness of gentle spaces, and the daibutsu-yo style went into decline following Chogen's death.

• 江戸からの第一の急使早水満尭と萱野重実が赤穂城内にある筆頭家老大石良雄の屋敷に到着し、浅野内匠頭が吉良上野介に刃傷に及んだという浅野大学からの書状を届けた。
• The first messengers from Edo, Mitsutaka HAYAMI and Shigezane KAYANO, arrived at the head of chief retainers, Yoshio OISHI's, residence located in Ako-jo Castle and gave the letter from Daigaku ASANO, which described Asano Takumi no Kami's attack against Kira Kozuke no Suke.

• 本懐を果たした内蔵助たち赤穂浪士一行は江戸市中を行進し、浅野内匠頭の墓がある泉岳寺へ引き揚げると、吉良上野介の首級を亡き主君の墓前に供えて仇討ちを報告した。
• Kuranosuke and the Ako Roshi upon fulfilling their desire for revenge, marched around Edo, returned to Sengaku-ji Temple to the grave of Takuminokami ASANO and placed the severed head of Kozukenosuke KIRA in front of their deceased lord's grave.

• それはエコニヤ王と太后と宦官およびユダとエルサレムのつかさたち、および工匠と鍛冶とがエルサレムを去ってのちに書かれたものであって、 (エレミヤ書 29:2)
• (after that Jeconiah the king, the queen mother, the eunuchs, the princes of Judah and Jerusalem, the craftsmen, and the smiths, had departed from Jerusalem), (Jeremiah 29:2)

• 意匠原簿は、その全部又は一部を磁気テープ（これに準ずる方法により一定の事項を確実に記録して置くことができる物を含む。以下同じ。）をもつて調製することができる。
• The design registry may be prepared, in whole or in part, in the form of magnetic tapes (including other storage media using a similar method that may record and reliably store certain matters, the same shall apply hereinafter.)

• 鵜飼舟1隻には鵜匠1人、中乗1人、艫乗2人、計4人が乗り組み、鵜匠は舳で12羽の鵜をつかい、中乗は中央で4羽の鵜をつかい、艫乗は艫で舟の進退旋回の任にあたる。
• On one Ukai boat there is one ujo, one nakanori, and two tomonori, that is, a total of four persons, and ujo uses twelve cormorants at the bow, nakanori uses four cormorants at the center and tomonori is in charge of piloting a boat at the stern.

• 浅野内匠頭については痞（つかえ）という、今で言う心療内科的な持病をもっていたという逸話が残っていることから、生来短気な人物だったのではないかとも言われている。
• There is a story left about Asano Takumi no Kami having a chronic disease called tsukae which would be equivalent to a psychosomatic disease today, and therefore, some suggest that he had a short temper from birth.

• 紀貫之の邸宅で開かれた曲水宴の際に作られた『三月三日紀師匠曲水宴（紀師匠曲水宴和歌）』の序文を書いた凡河内躬恒が「うたのみち」と述べたのが代表的な事例である。
• A typical example is that OSHIKOCHI no Mitsune, who wrote the preface of 'Yayoi mika Ki no shisho Gokusuinoen' (Ki no shisho Gokusuinoen waka) that was made at gokusuinoen (ceremony in the Imperial Court) held in the house of KI no Tsurayuki, said 'uta no michi.'

• 官職には恵まれず、908年（延喜8年）の内匠允、923年（延長 (日本)元年）の内蔵大允等を歴任、最終的には930年（延長8年）の従五位下内蔵大允におわった。
• He was unfortunate in promotions, and he ended his career as Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), Takumi no Daijo in 930 after filling the posts of Takumi no Jo (Secretary of the Bureau of Skilled Artisans) in 908 and Takumi no Daijo (Senior Secretary of the Bureau of Skilled Artisans) in 923.

• 「代匠」という語は、『老子』下篇と『文選』第46巻豪士賦の中に出典があり、「本来これを為すべき者に代わって作るのであるから誤りがあるだろう」という意味である。
• The word 'daisho came from 'Roshi' (Daodejing) volume two and 'Monzen' (Wen-hsuan, ancient Chinese poems) volume 46 'Ode to Heroes', meaning that 'there may be some errors because this book is made on behalf of the original authors.'

• 著書は、徳川光圀から委嘱を受けた『万葉代匠記』をはじめ、『厚顔抄』、『古今余材抄』、『勢語臆断』、『源註拾遺』、『百人一首改観抄』、『和字正濫抄』など数多い。
• Keichu was a prolific writer, whose works included 'Manyo Daishoki' (Commentary on Manyoshu [Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves]), which was entrusted to Keichu by Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA, 'Kogan-sho' (Commentary on Verses in Kojiki [A Record of Ancient Matters] and Nihonshoki [Chronicles of Japan]), 'Kokin Yozai-sho' (Commentary on Kokin Wakashu [Collection of Ancient and Modern poems]), 'Seigo Okudan' (Conjectures on Ise Monogatari [The Tales of Ise]), 'Genchu Shui' (Addenda to Commentary on the Tale of Genji), 'Hyakunin Isshu Kaikan-sho' (Rectified Commentary on One Hundred Poems by One Hundred Poets), and 'Waji Shoran-sho' (Corrections to Errors in Japanese Characters).

• 城の受け取りが無事に済むと内匠頭は赤穂へ帰国したが、内蔵助は在番として留まり、翌年に安藤重博が新城主として入城するまでの一年半余り、松山城の管理を任せられた。
• After the surrendering of the castle in peace, Takumi no Kami went back to Ako, but Kuranosuke stayed on and administered Matsuyama-jo Castle for about a year and half until Shigehiro ANDO became the new castle lord the following year.

• 畑線：今里 - 金尾 - 小畑 - 畑交流センター前 - ふれあいプラザ前 - 下夜久野駅前 - 下日置 - 高内 - 大油子 - 上夜久野駅前 - 農匠の郷
• Hata Route: Imazato - Kinno - Obata - Hata Cultural Exchange Center Front - Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Yakuno Station Front - Shimo-Heki - Takauchi - Oyugo - Kami-Yakuno Station Front - Farming Craftsman Village

• 前条第四項の裁定による通常実施権は、その通常実施権者の当該意匠権、特許権又は実用新案権に従つて移転し、その意匠権、特許権又は実用新案権が消滅したときは消滅する。
• A non-exclusive license granted by an award under paragraph (4) of the preceding Article shall be transferred together with the design right, patent right or utility model right of the non-exclusive licensee on which the non-exclusive license is granted, and shall be extinguished in the case where the said design right, patent right or utility model right is extinguished.

• 審判長は、意匠登録無効審判の請求があつたときは、その旨を当該意匠権についての専用実施権者その他その意匠登録に関し登録した権利を有する者に通知しなければならない。
• Where a request for a trial for invalidation of design registration has been filed, the chief trial examiner shall notify the exclusive licensee of the design right and other persons who have any registered rights relating to the design registration.

• 左方のチームカラーは暖色系統（当時は紫から橙色まで）で、大きな催しなどではアシスタントの女童たちの衣装や品物を包む料紙なども赤紫から紅の色合いで意匠を統一する。
• The left team was dressed in warm colors, ranging from purple to orange at the time, and in big events, the designs of costumes of assistant menowarawa (girls) and of writing paper for wrapping items were also unified in colors ranging from reddish purple to red.

• 吉良上野介は額と背中を斬られるが、側にいた旗本の梶川頼照がすぐさま浅野内匠頭を取り押さえ、また居合わせた品川伊氏、畠山義寧ら他の高家衆が吉良を蘇鉄の間に運んだ。
• Although his back and forehead were slashed, Asano Takumi no Kami was immediately held down by a hatamoto, Yoriteru KAJIKAWA, and Kira was taken to the Sotetsu Room by other koke members, including Koreuji SHINAGAWA and Yoshiyasu HATAKEYAMA.

• この作品を機に、本作の高峰三枝子や『安城家の舞踏会』の原節子、『偽れる盛装』の京マチ子など主演女優の魅力を引き出す能力に定評がある「女性映画の巨匠」と呼ばれる。
• Beginning with this film, he was called a 'Master of Woman's Films' because he became noted for his talent in drawing out the appeal of star actresses starting with Mieko TAKAMINE of this film and others such as Setsuko HARA in 'Anjoke no Butokai' (Ball of the Anjo family) and Machiko KYO in 'Itsuwareru Seiso' (Clothes of Deception).

• しかし将軍として彼らを許せば、かつて浅野内匠頭にだけ切腹をさせた自分の裁断は片手落ちであったと認めることになってしまい、将軍権力に傷が入ることが避けられなかった。
• However, pardoning them would mean admitting his decision, in ordering only Takuminokami ASANO to commit seppuku, was unfair and if he did so in his position as shogun it could damage his authority.

• このほか、狩野興以（? - 1636）は狩野家の血族ではないが、探幽ら3兄弟の師匠筋にあたる人物で、その功績によって狩野姓を与えられ、後に紀州徳川家に仕えている。
• Besides them, Koi KANO (date of birth unknown - 1636) was not related by blood to the Kano family but, along with his brothers, was a master of Tanyu; he was allowed to use the surname of Kano due to his achievements, and he worked for the Kishu Tokugawa family.

• 内匠頭も噂の剣客中山安兵衛に少なからず興味があったようで、5月26日 (旧暦)（1694年7月18日）、中山姓のままで養子縁組してもよいという異例の許可を出した。
• Since Takumi-no-kami (the head of Bureau of Skilled Artisans) was not a little interested in Yasubei NAKAYAMA, a famed master swordsman, he gave Yasubei an unprecedented permission to keep his Nakayama surname and become an adopted son-in-law of the Horibe family on July 18, 1694.

• 「中村」は師匠の雀右衛門からいただき、「宗十郎」の方は「澤村源之助が澤村宗十郎を襲名するのなら、自分も源之助だから宗十郎を襲名すればいいだろう」とこれを頂戴した。
• The name 'NAKAMURA' was given by his master, Jakuemon and the reason he took 'Sojuro' was because he thought that if Gennosuke SAWAMURA succeeded Sojuro SAWAMURA, his first name was also the same Gennosuke, so he thought he could succeed with Sojuro too.

• 和様を基調にしつつ扉（桟唐戸）・頭貫（かしらぬき）の木鼻（用材の端部に装飾彫刻を施す）の意匠などには大仏様を採り入れるなど鎌倉時代の新和様の典型的な建築といえる。
• It is a typical new Japanese architectural style building in the Kamakura period, adopting Daibutsu-yo (Buddhist architectural style) for the designs, etc. of doors (sangarado, paneled entrance doors introduced from China) and kibana (the end of the beam penetrating a pole) of kashira-nuki (head rail) with decorative carving at the end of the timber, while using the Japanese architectural style as its base.

• この法律で「意匠」とは、物品（物品の部分を含む。第八条を除き、以下同じ。）の形状、模様若しくは色彩又はこれらの結合であつて、視覚を通じて美感を起こさせるものをいう。
• 'Design' in this Act shall mean the shape, patterns or colors, or any combination thereof, of an article (including a part of an article, the same shall apply hereinafter except in Article 8), which creates an aesthetic impression through the eye.

• 意匠の創作をした者でない者であつて意匠登録を受ける権利を承継しないものがした意匠登録出願は、第一項又は第二項の規定の適用については、意匠登録出願でないものとみなす。
• An application for design registration filed by a person who neither has created a design nor is the successor in title to the right to obtain a design registration shall, for the purpose of application of paragraphs (1) and (2), be deemed never to be an application for design registration.

• 意匠権の設定の登録を受ける者又は意匠権者は、登録料として、第二十一条に規定する存続期間の満了までの各年について、一件ごとに、次に掲げる金額を納付しなければならない。
• A person obtaining the registration establishing a design right, or a holder of a design right, shall pay as registration fees the amounts specified in the following items, for each design registration and for each year to the expiration of the duration as provided in Article 21:

• 番匠は大工職の補任料を納める以外に租税負担が無く、他の職種のように供御人や神人になったり座を結成することもなく、棟梁層による緩やかな組織が存在しているのみであった。
• Bansho were not required to pay tax other than to pay the appointment fee for Daikushiki and only belonged to the loose organization under the Toryo class, not like other occupations where they became Kugonin (purveyors to the Imperial household) and Jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) or formed guilds.

• この動きの中で、主に「より美味しいお茶を味わうため」の技術を追求する目的に加え茶道の流儀などを参考とし、一定の形式や礼法を定めた「宗匠派」と呼ばれる一派も生まれる。
• In this movement, the 'Sosho school' was founded and they added a certain level of form and manners by modeling the established sado to the purpose of sencha-do pursuing how to better enjoy the taste of tea.

• 日本剣道形では単に倒されるだけでなく、常に一瞬早く動き仕太刀の動作を引き出してやる師匠役でもあり、また、全て避けられることになっているとは言え打太刀からも技を打つ。
• In Nihon Kendo Kata, the uchitachi is not only defeated but also plays the role of an instructor who always moves one step earlier to draw out the shidachi's attack movement and, though all uchitachi's techniques are designed to evade attack, he may also initiate movement to attack.

• 次男は、甲州流軍学師範松田重徳の養嗣子となり後に海軍少匠司（造船技官）となった松田重直、三男は博士、統計学者で初代内閣統計局長、第一回国勢調査を担当した花房直三郎。
• Masatsura's second son was Shigenao MATSUDA, who was adopted by Shigenori MATSUDA, a grand master of the Koshu-ryu Gungaku (Military Strategy of Koshu) and later became Shoshoshi (marine engineering officer) of the Navy, and his third son named Naosaburo HANABUSA was a scholar of statistics with a doctorate and the first Chief of the Statistics Bureau and was in charge of the first census.

• 尊皇心の厚い征夷大将軍として知られる徳川綱吉は朝廷との儀式を台無しにされたことに激怒し、内匠頭を大名としては異例の即日切腹に処し、さらに赤穂浅野家をお家断絶とした。
• Greatly angered by this disruption to the ceremony, Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, who was Seitaishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians, great, unifying leader) and had reverence for the emperor, immediately ordered Takumi no Kami to commit Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) and furthermore ordered the extinction of Asano family line, which was an unprecedented punishment for a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord).

• 第二十二条第四項の裁定による通常実施権は、その通常実施権者の当該実用新案権、特許権又は意匠権に従つて移転し、その実用新案権、特許権又は意匠権が消滅したときは消滅する。
• A non-exclusive license granted by an award under Article 22(4) shall be transferred together with the utility model right, patent right or design right of the non-exclusive licensee on which the non-exclusive license is granted, but shall be extinguished in cases where said utility model right, patent right or design right is extinguished.

• 特許庁の職員又はその職にあつた者がその職務に関して知得した意匠登録出願中の意匠に関する秘密を漏らし、又は盗用したときは、一年以下の懲役又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
• A present or former official of the Patent Office who has divulged any secret relating to a design in a pending application for design registration that has become known to him/her in the course of performing his/her duties, or misappropriated the said design shall be punished by imprisonment with work for a term not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding 500,000 yen.

• 第九十二条第四項の裁定による通常実施権は、その通常実施権者の当該特許権、実用新案権又は意匠権に従つて移転し、その特許権、実用新案権又は意匠権が消滅したときは消滅する。
• A non-exclusive license granted by an award under Article 92(4) shall be transferred together with the patent right, utility model right or design right of the non-exclusive licensee on which the non-exclusive license is granted, and shall be extinguished in the case where the said patent right, utility model right or design right is extinguished.

• その意匠を書院造りに取り入れて数寄屋造りが完成していくが、一方で中世に盛んに行なわれた隠遁者の閑居や、風雅を好む公家達の別荘としての独自の意匠も大きく影響していった。
• The Sukiya-zukuri of building was completed incorporating its design into Shoin-zukuri, and on the other hand, the original designs of the seclusion of a hermit which was popular in medieval times and of the villas of court nobles who favored tasteful elegance also had a large effect on it.

• 歌絵（うたえ）とは、和歌や物語、有名な故事に登場する器物、自然現象、動植物などを数種類配置することによって、元となった和歌や物語を連想させるように仕向けた意匠のこと。
• The Uta-e is an elaborately designed pictorial work consisting of several illustrations depicting tools, natural phenomenon, plants and animals among other things that appear in Japanese poems, stories, and famous ceremonies, aimed at helping readers imagine and understand the backgrounds of these works.

• ところが、勝楽が天平宝字3年（751年）に死去したため、同じく勝楽の弟子・弘仁とともにその遺志を継ぎ、法相宗の聖天院・勝楽寺(日高市)を建立し、師匠を境内に埋葬した。
• However, as Shoraku died in 751, Konin, another disciple of Shoraku, built Shoten Shoraku-ji Temple (Hidaka City, Saitama Prefecture) of the Hosso sect of Buddhism (Japanese equivalent of the Chinese Faxiang sect) under the will of the deceased and buried him in the yard of the temple.

• 当道座は、盲人の地位向上や生業の安定をはかるものであったが、生業に関して師匠から弟子へ技能を継承する教育機関としての役割も担い、本所は村上源氏に属する久我家であった。
• Todo-za was to advance visually impaired people and to secure their regular vocation, but also served as an educational institution for regular vocation to pass on skills from a master to an apprentice, and honjo (lord of the guild) was the Koga family of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto Clan).

• 律令国司における掾が転じて、後世、朝廷（江戸時代は嵯峨御所、明治以後は宮家）から、出入の商人や刀匠、浄瑠璃の芸人などに対して、その技芸を顕彰する意味で下賜された官名。
• Based on Jo used for Kokushi under the ritsuryo system, the Imperial Court (Sagagosho during the Edo period, and branches of the imperial family after the Meiji period) gave the official title Jo to regular merchants, sword smiths, performers including Joruri performers and the like to honor their accomplishments in later generations.

• 意匠法（昭和三十四年法律第百二十五号）第十七条の三（補正後の意匠についての新出願）の規定は、第十六条の二第一項の規定により、決定をもつて補正が却下された場合に準用する。
• The provision of Article 17-3 (New Application for Designs as Amended) of the Design Act (Act No. 125 of 1959) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the case where an amendment is dismissed by a ruling pursuant to Article 16-2(1) of this Act.

• 付書院の花頭窓とその上の障子の構成や欄間の釘隠しの意匠そして、襖障子には木版でシンプルな小紋文様をすり込んだ唐紙を使用するなど、さまざまなしゃれた意匠を工夫していった。
• Various sophisticated designs were devised as follows; the formation of Katomado (specially shaped windows with many s-shaped curves in a Zen temple) and its above Shoji of tsukeshoin, the design of kugikakushi (object which conceals the head of nail) of transom and the usage of karakami (printed paper, paper sliding door) xylographed simple komon (small fine pattern) motif.

• 基本的には、古武道である一人の師匠が一子相伝すると言うことは珍しく、多くの師範を育てる場合が多かった（ただしある段階以上は一族や近しい者にのみ伝える場合も見られた。）。
• Basically, in kobudo one shisho rarely put Isshi Soden into action, but often trained a number of shihan (however, the art higher than a certain grade are sometimes transmitted to only family members or close relatives.)

• また、講談は古くは大正時代頃まで見台に講釈本（代々師匠から受け継いだ物や自身が記した物であらすじや登場人物が書かれている）を置き読みながら演じられる事がしばしばあった。
• Until the Taisho period, rakugo was often performed while reading koshakubon (text for koshaku) on kendai, which contained the story line and the characters, and which had been passed on from the masters generation after generation.

• 浅野内匠頭の「この間の遺恨覚えたか」という発言に関しては、『梶川筆記』にも『多門筆記』にも『内匠頭お預かり一件』に内匠頭が「遺恨あり」と証言していることが記されている。
• For Asano Takumi no Kami's comment 'do you know what this revenge is for?,' it is recorded in 'Kajikawa Hikki' (Kajikawa's Notes), 'Tamon Hikki' (Tamon's Notes) and 'Takumi no Kami Oazukari Ikken' (Takumi no Kami's confinement) that Takumi no Kami said 'I hold a grudge.'

• 6日夜、伊達の国見山本陣に、上杉景勝家臣藤田能登家士斉藤兵部が、伊達・信夫の百姓等4千人を伴い内通してきた他、直江山城守鉄砲頭極楽寺内匠が伊達成実に協力を申し出てきた。
• On October 6 at night, Hyobe SAITO (斉藤兵部), a retainer of Noto FUJITA who was a vassal of Kagekatsu UESUGI visited the Date's headquarters in Mt. Kunimi with about 4,000 peasants and others from Date and Shinobu Districts to hold secret communication, and Takumi Gokurakuji (極楽寺内匠), the head of the artillery for Yamashiro no kami (governor of Yamashiro Province) NAOE offered Shigesane DATE his cooperation.

• 阿闍梨（あじゃり、あざり、サンスクリット： アーチャーリャ、阿闍梨耶とも音写）は、サンスクリットで「軌範」を意味し、弟子たちの規範となり、法を教授する師匠のことである。
• Ajari (also Azari, Sanskrit: acarya, also transliterated as Ajariya) means a 'model/example' in Sanskrit, and is a master who is an example to his disciples and teaches the dharma.

• 意匠登録出願人は、意匠登録出願が審査、審判又は再審に係属している場合に限り、二以上の意匠を包含する意匠登録出願の一部を一又は二以上の新たな意匠登録出願とすることができる。
• An applicant for design registration may extract one or more new applications for design registration out of a single application for design registration containing two or more designs only while examination, trial or retrial of the application for design registration is pending.

• 意匠権、専用実施権又は通常実施権を目的として質権を設定したときは、質権者は、契約で別段の定をした場合を除き、当該登録意匠又はこれに類似する意匠の実施をすることができない。
• Unless otherwise agreed by contract, where a right of pledge is established on a design right, exclusive license or non-exclusive license, the pledge may not work the registered design or design similar thereto.

• 意匠権者は、前条第二項に規定する期間内に登録料を納付することができないときは、その期間が経過した後であつても、その期間の経過後六月以内にその登録料を追納することができる。
• Where a holder of a design right is unable to pay the registration fees within the time limit under Article 43(2), the holder of the design right may make a late payment of the registration fees after the expiration of the said time limit, but not later than 6 months following the expiration of the said time limit.

• 意匠登録に関する書類及び意匠原簿のうち磁気テープをもつて調製した部分については、行政機関の保有する情報の公開に関する法律（平成十一年法律第四十二号）の規定は、適用しない。
• Provisions of the Act on Access to Information Held by Administrative Organs (Act No. 42 of 1999) shall not apply to the documents concerning design registrations and the part of the Design Registry stored on magnetic tapes.

• 当時は床の間、棚、付書院を備え、座敷を荘厳する書院造が確立され、身分の序列や格式を維持する役割も持つような時代であったが、茶人たちは格式ばった意匠や豪華な装飾をきらった。
• At that time, shoin-zukuri, containing an impressive room furnished with an alcove, shelf, and tsukeshoin (a built-in table) were already established, with its role in maintaining hierarchy and status, but masters of ceremonial tea disliked formal designs and gorgeous decoration.

• 歌舞伎伴奏などのプロの長唄奏者は営業が続けられたが、街角の稽古場で三味線を教えるようないわゆる「街のお師匠さん」（今で言う個人宅の音楽教室）は禁止されてしまったのである。
• Although professional nagauta players could continue to play the instruments to the accompaniment of kabuki and for other occasions, giving shamisen lessons in town, so-called 'music teachers in your town' (similar to private music lessons held at the teacher's house today), was banned.

• 読み札の表面には大和絵ふうの歌人の肖像（これは歌仙絵巻などの意匠によるもの）と作者の名、和歌が記されており、取り札にはすべて仮名 (文字)書きで下の句だけが書かれている。
• On the obverses of the yomi-fuda are written the tanka with the poets' names and portraits; the portraits are drawn in the Yamato-e painting style (a traditional painting style developed since the Heian period) based on the portraits in Kasen Emaki (picture scroll of portraits of outstanding poets); on the obverses of the tori-fuda are written only shimo-no-ku (the forth phrase and the fifth phrase of the five phrases of one tanka) in hiragana character.

• また浅野内匠頭の従兄弟にあたる美濃国大垣藩主戸田氏定、大垣新田藩主戸田氏成、武蔵国岡部藩主安部信峯、旗本安部信方、浅野長恒、浅野長武らを遠慮（江戸城登城禁止処分）とした。
• His cousins; the lord of Ogaki Domain in Mino Province, Ujisada TODA, the lord of Ogaki Nitta Domain, Ujinari TODA, the lord of Okabe Domain in Musashi Province, Nobumine ANBE, hatamoto Nobukata ANBE, Nagatsune ASANO, and Nagatake ASANO, were sentenced to enryo (prohibition on coming to Edo-jo Castle).

• 天武天皇12年（683年）12月13日に、多品治は伊勢王、羽田八国（羽田矢国）、中臣大島とともに、判官・録史・工匠といった部下を引き連れて全国を巡り、諸国の境界を定めた。
• On December 13, 683, O no Honji, Prince Ise, HATA no Yakuni and NAKATOMI no Oshima traveled all across Japan with their retainers, such as an inspector, a secretary and a carpenter to set borders among provinces.

• 前条第二項の規定により回復した意匠権の効力は、第四十四条第一項の規定により登録料を追納することができる期間の経過後意匠権の回復の登録前における次に掲げる行為には、及ばない。
• A design right restored under paragraph 2 of the preceding Article shall not be effective against the following acts conducted after the lapse of the time limit during which the late payment of the registration fees is allowed under Article 44(1) but before the registration of the restoration of the design right:

• この法律で「知的財産権」とは、特許権、実用新案権、育成者権、意匠権、著作権、商標権その他の知的財産に関して法令により定められた権利又は法律上保護される利益に係る権利をいう。
• The term 'intellectual property right' as used in this Act shall mean a patent right, a utility model right, a plant breeder's right, a design right, a copyright, a trademark right, a right that is stipulated by laws and regulations on other intellectual property or right pertaining to an interest that is protected by acts.

• 越前の名紙匠と讃えられている岩野製紙の岩野平三郎が、大正期から昭和期にかけて考案した美術紙にはさまざまの技法が用いられ、その多くが襖判鳥の子紙の装飾加工にも応用されている。
• The bijutsu-shi was invented by Heizaburo IWANO of Iwano paper industry, who was regarded as a master craftsman of paper making, using various techniques, many of which were applied to the decoration of fusuma-size torinoko paper.