写: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 写本群
- Variations of manuscript
- 写楽の記述
- Description of Sharaku (an obscure ukiyo-e artist who lived during the Edo period)
- 写経の盛行
- Sutras came to be copied widely.
- 実写・特撮
- Live-action and SFX
- 写本の系統
- Kinds of manuscripts
- Manuscript lines
- 写本の状況
- The condition of the manuscript
- 昭和復元模写
- Showa fukugen mosha (picture scroll restored and reproduced in Showa period)
- 京都写真家協会
- Kyoto Photographers' Society
- 写経奉納総司所
- Administration Office for the Dedication of Copied Sutra
- 写真店による作成
- Creation by a photo shop
- 平安時代の写本。
- A Heian-period manuscript.
- 鎌倉時代の書写。
- It is a Kamakura-period transcription.
- PAX5転写因子
- PAX5 transcription factor
- 写真撮影の適法性
- Legality of photographing
- 右衛門尉一家の描写
- A description of the Uemon no jo family
- ※「下総本」系写本
- * 'Shimosa book'-related manuscripts
- 代表的なうどん写真集
- Photographs of typical Udon
- 『書写山性空上人伝』
- 'Shoshazan Shoku shonin den'
- 写経と晋唐書風の流行
- Sutras were copied widely, and the calligraphic style of the Jin and Tang dynasties became the vogue.
- 壁画の模写(その2)
- The Reproduction of the Murals (the Second Phase)
- 壁画の模写(その1)
- The Reproduction of the Murals (the First Phase)
- フィクションでの描写
- His description in fiction
- 冷泉明融による写本。
- It is a manuscript transcribed by Miyu REIZEI.
- 写本が数種類伝わる。
- There are several different kinds of manuscript.
- 模写本が多数存在する
- Many copies remain.
- 鎌倉時代中期の書写。
- It was transcribed in the mid-Kamakura period.
- 写真嫌いは有名である。
- It was well known that Emperor Meiji did not like to have his photograph taken.
- 生写朝顔話(朝顔日記)
- Sho Utsushi Asagao Banashi (Asagao Nikki) (Morning Glory Diary)
- - 京都写真協会に改称
- It was renamed as the Kyoto Photographic Society.
- 代表的な模写された作品
- Major reproductions
- 全日本書写書道教育研究会
- All Japan Association of Shosha-Shodo Education
- 全国大学書写書道教育学会
- All Japan Association of College Shosha-Shodo Education
- 写本は一冊のみ現存する。
- Only one copy is extant.
- 筆写本は何種類も存在する。
- There are some duplicate copies.
- これに伴い写経が盛行した。
- Then sutras came to be copied widely.
- - 京都広告写真家協会発足
- The Kyoto Advertising Photographers' Society was formed.
- 田中本 9世紀写 第10巻
- The Tanaka book copied in the 9th century, the tenth volume
- 吉田家系の卜部兼夏の書写。
- It was copied by Kanekata URABE who was a member of the Yoshida family.
- 平野家系の卜部兼方の書写。
- It was copied by Kanekata URABE who was a member of the Hirano family.
- 書写した人物の署名はない。
- It was not signed by its writer.
- 写真のような写実を追わない。
- It does not seek realism as in a photograph.
- 文選 1巻-鎌倉時代の写本。
- One volume of the Wen Xuan (an early Chinese poetry collection), transcribed in the Kamakura period.
- 猪熊本 9世紀写 第1巻断簡
- The Inokuma book copied in the 9th century, the dankan of the first volume
- 豊後国風土記-鎌倉時代の写本。
- The Bungo Province fudoki (topography)--a Kamakura-period manuscript.
- 佐佐木本 9世紀写 第1巻断簡
- The Sasaki book (the Sasaki original copy) copied in the 9th century, the dankan of the first volume
- 「光悦写し」の茶碗に定評がある。
- He has an established reputation about tea bowls of 'Koetsu-utsushi' (replica of Koetsu's work).
- 上記の写真もこの造り込みである。
- The picture above shows this style.
- 四天王寺本 9世紀写 第1巻断簡
- The original copy of Shitenno-ji Temple copied in the 9th century, the dankan of the first volume
- 16段までで書写が中止されている。
- The part of Section 1 through 16 was copied, but following part was cancelled.
- 29段以降を欠く、室町後期の写本。
- A manuscript in the late Muromachi Period that lacks Section 29 and following parts
- 歳月の経過は特に描写されていない。
- How much time passed between the two events is not specifically described.
- 地理的描写から荒船山に比定される。
- Judging from the geological description, it is equivalent to Mt. Arafune.
- 神宮文庫本が五巻の近世写本である。
- The Jingu Library edition consisting of five volumes is a manuscript of the Edo period.
- 後光厳天皇が写したとの後記がある。
- The postscript says Emperor Go-Kogon made a copy of the book.
- 散切り物はそんな時代背景を描写した。
- Zangirimono described such a historical backdrop.
- 地理的描写からは保木間に比定される。
- Judging from the geological description, it is equivalent to Hokima
- (「西の叡山」書写山には登っている)
- (He has climbed Mt. Shosha, which was called 'Mt. Hiei in the west.')
- 形状は写真のような角型や丸型がある。
- Takoyaki-ki is either square or round-shaped, as shown in the photographs.
- 鎌倉時代の写本が宮内庁書陵部に所蔵。
- A manuscript of this book from the Kamakura period is owned by the Imperial Household Archives.
- この写本を「種彦本」と呼ぶ所以である。
- This is why the manuscript is called 'Tanehikobon.'
- 描写対象は高貴な人物であることが多い。
- The subject depicted is often someone of high class.
- 2月15日、左京阿日教著穆作抄を写す。
- He copied Sakyo Anikkyo Mukasasho on March 28
- 晴川院は古画の模写や収集にも尽力した。
- SEISENIN also endeavored to copy and collect ancient paintings.
- 在家では写経の前に使用することがある。
- Lay believers sometimes use it before copying a sutra.
- 青表紙本の大島本とは別の古写本である。
- This is an old manuscript different from Oshima bon in the Aobyoshibon line.
- 鴨脚本(嘉禎本) 1236年写 第2巻
- The Icho book (the original copy of the Icho family) (the Katei book (the Katei original copy)) copied in 1236, the second volume
- 写本や注釈本、絵入り本が多く存在する。
- A great number of shahon (manuscripts), chushakubon (commentaries), and eiribon (illustrated books) for Teikin Orai are known.
- 勅語を書面に写したものを勅語書という。
- The written Chokugo is called Chokugo-sho (literally, documented imperial decree).
- 漆については伝来木刀の写しの場合は塗る。
- Lacquer is applied only for copied models of descendent wooden swords.
- 京都写真家協会展(京都府立文化芸術会館)
- The Kyoto Photographers' Society Exhibition (Kyoto Prefectural Center for Arts and Culture)
- 火災以前の写真は1面分が残るのみである。
- A photograph taken prior to the fire showed only one of the murals.
- 焼損前の写真を見ても画面に亀裂が目立つ。
- Significant cracks in the mural are visually obvious even in the photograph taken before the fire damage.
- 残集 1帖-西行の歌集の鎌倉時代の写本。
- One section of the Zanshu, a Kamakura-period transcription of the poetry anthology by the poet Saigyo.
- 岩崎本 10~11世紀写 第22,24巻
- The Iwasaki book (the Iwasaki original copy) copied in the 10 to 11th century, the 22nd and 24th volumes
- 古写本で30種、板本で200種に達する。
- There are about 30 kinds of koshabon (old manuscripts) and 200 kinds of itahon (books bound in Japanese style) for Teikin Orai.
- 前田本=明治時代写・完本(前田尊経閣蔵)
- The Maeda book: Copied manually in the Meiji period, a complete book (owned by Maeda Sonkeikaku)
- 村山1987に全文が写真掲載されている。
- The photograph of its full text is attached to 'Onmyodo Kisoshiryo Shusei' by Shuichi MURAYAMA.
- 彩紀のことを意識しているような描写もある。
- There are also hints that he is interested in Saiki.
- 俳句とは「客観写生」、「花鳥諷詠」である。
- Haiku is a 'kyakkan shasei' (an objective portrayal) and 'kacho fuei' (beauties of nature and the harmony between nature and man).
- が通常「大島本」という時はこの写本を指す。
- But when people talk about 'the Oshima-bon,' it usually refers to this one.
- 図書寮本(書陵部本) 1346年写 第2巻
- Zushoryo version (Book stock of Shoryo department) copied in 1346, the second volume
- 写経の代わりに納経札を納める巡礼者もいる。
- Some pilgrims leave the nokyo-fuda (prayer paper) at each temple instead of the shakyo.
- また電信局の購買部を退社し写真機材店に勤務。
- He quit the purchase department of Chuo Denshin Kyoku and started work for a photographic apparatus shop.
- 四十九日までに住職に法名を書き写してもらう。
- Then, you may ask the chief priest to transcribe the homyo of the deceased person onto the paper of homyo-jiku within forty-nine days after his or her death.
- 大鏡 巻第二、五、七 3帖-鎌倉時代の写本。
- Three sections of volumes two, five, and seven of Kamakura-period transcriptions of the Okagami (The Great Mirror).
- 新古今和歌集(隠岐本)1帖-鎌倉時代の写本。
- One section of the Shin kokinshu (the Oki manuscripts), a Kamakura-period transcription.
- 写本は古本系統と卜部家系統の本に分類される。
- Manuscripts are classified into the Old book group and the Urabe family group.
- 北野本 第1類…第22-27巻(平安末期写)
- The Kitano book: Group One includes the 22 to 27th volumes (copied in the end of the Heian period)
- なお、現存する伝本は全て江戸期の写本である。
- Furthermore, all existing manuscripts were written in the Edo period.
- 松井本=江戸時代前期写・完本(静嘉堂文庫蔵)
- The Matsui book: Copied manually in the first half of the Edo period, a complete book (owned by Seikado Bunko Art Museum)
- ここでは中国の茶器の写しや天目茶碗が作られた。
- In this area, they manufactured copies of Chinese tea bowls and Tenmoku tea bowls (bowls with a wide brim and a narrow base used during tea ceremonies).
- - 創立25周年をもって、京都写真家協会に改称
- On the twenty-fifth anniversary of its founding, it was renamed as the Kyoto Photographers' Society.
- 写本としては、蓮如本・端の坊永正本などがある。
- As for the manuscripts, there remain Rennyo-bon, Hashinobo Eisho-bon, and so on.
- 1508年(永正5年)6月4日、大石記を写す。
- He copied Oishiki on July 11, 1508.
- 1940年(昭和15年)から模写が開始された。
- This reproduction started in 1940.
- また手許の経典は死の直前に書写山の僧に預けた。
- Sutras close at hand were consigned to the priests in Mt. Shosha right before his death.
- サマーディは三摩提、三摩地などとも音写される。
- Samādhi is also transcribed in Chinese characters as 三摩提 or 三摩地.
- そして、古版本や古写本の抄写や校勘を行なった。
- He made transcriptions and Kokan (revision) of old editions and manuscripts.
- 京都国立博物館所蔵模本(狩野探幽によって模写。
- Copies in the possession of the Kyoto National Museum (copied by Tanyu KANO)
- 酒井抱一は光琳の模写をさらに模した画を描いた。
- Hoitsu SAKAI painted a replica of Korin's reproduction.
- 少なくとも室町時代の写本には『吾妻鏡』とある。
- The work was known as 'Azuma Kagami,' at least in the manuscripts transcribed in the Muromachi period.
- 証本とはされなかったが系統上主要な写本も示す。
- There are also major manuscripts that were not determined to be Shohon but are important as part of its lineage.
- 大部分が飛鳥井雅康による筆写と伝えられる写本。
- It is a manuscript most of which were said to have been transcribed by Masayasu ASUKAI.
- 江戸時代には客観や写生という言葉こそなかった。
- During the Edo period, there were no such term as kyakkan or shasei.
- 単なる自然描写のようではあるが、そうではない。
- A Shizen-ei sounds as though it is a simple description of nature, but this is not the case.
- 前田本 11世紀写 第11,14,17,20巻
- The Maeda book (the Maeda original copy) copied in the 11th century, the 11th, 14th, 17th, and 20th volumes
- 卜部兼夏本(乾元本) 1303年写 第1,2巻
- The original copy of Kanenatsu URABE (the Kengen book) copied in 1303, the first and second volumes
- 卜部兼方本(弘安本) 1286年写 第1,2巻
- The original copy of Kanekata URABE (the Koan book) copied in 1286, the first and second volumes
- 明徳年間に高倉永行が写したものの転写本である。
- It is a text transferred from one hand-copied by Nagayuki TAKAKURA in the Meitoku era
- 一部の巻には写本によって別名を持つものもある。
- Some of the volumes of the manuscripts have another title.
- 奥書には、江戸時代初期の に書写されたとある。
- According to its okugaki, it was transcribed in the early Edo period.
- 以下に、現在知られている主要な写本について記す。
- Described below are the main shahon known to the public now.
- そして、写本と同様に誤りが累積する結果になった。
- As a result, mistakes accumulated in manuscripts.
- 模写専門の画家といって差し支えない存在であった。
- He was considered to be an expert replica painter.
- 仏像の周囲(側壁や天蓋)に描写されることが多い。
- It is often drawn around the Buddhist statues (side wall or canopy).
- 加茂神社の双葉葵は写実性が強く古風な格式がある。
- The futaba-aoi of the Kamo-jinja Shrine is very realistic and has an antique formality.
- 安永期、北尾重政は写実的な美人画で人気を博した。
- During the Anei era, Shigemasa KITAO enjoyed popularity for his Bijinga.
- これは、戦前の空手写真などを見れば明らかである。
- This is obvious from pictures of karate practitioners taken prior to WWII.
- 現在島津家に残るものはそのときの書写本とされる。
- The one still remaining in the Shimazu family was identified as the copied book from the one that was presented to the bakufu then.
- 写本の所蔵については、纏めると以下の通りである。
- What follows is a summary of the locations of the manuscripts.
- 原本は失われ、江戸時代の住吉如慶の模写がのこる。
- The original emakimono was lost, and only the copied version by Jokei SUMIYOSHI during the Edo period still exists.
- これ以外にも写本によって異なる文が加筆されている。
- In addition to the above, different comments were added to some other written copies.
- それは前述の春村本とはまた別の写本であったらしい。
- But the manuscript was probably the different book from Harumurabon.
- その姿を伝えているが、影写ゆえの誤写が少なくない。
- It keeps the original appearance of Tanehikobon, but there are many errors because of tracing.
- 後の尾形光琳は雪村を好み、模写を幾つも試みている。
- Korin OGATA, who came later, favored Sesson and attempted at reproduction for a number of times.
- 梵名ハーリティーを音写した(かりていも)とも言う。
- She is also called 'Kariteimo' which is a transcription of her name in Sanskrit 'Haaritii.'
- 8月4日、本尊を書写し陸前柳目上総公日宣に授与す。
- August 4: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to 上総公 Nissen of Yanaginome, Rikuzen Province.
- 11月29日、本尊を書写し陸前岡名の日意に授与す。
- November 29: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Nichii of Okana, Rikuzen Province.
- これらの顔が能面の女面、少年面、青年面に写された。
- These faces were drawn on Onnamen (women's mask), Shonenmen (boy's mask), Seinenmen (man's mask) in Noh plays.
- しかし、内容上堀田本の写本であることは確実である。
- Yet, from the contents, it is clear that the book is a manuscript of the Hotta-bon.
- 三条西実隆による写本には他に日本大学所蔵本もある。
- Another manuscript by Sanetaka SANJONISHI is the one owned by Japan University.
- 熱田本 1375~7年写 第1~10,12~15巻
- Atsuta's book (the original copy of the Atsuta-jingu Shrine) copied from 1375 to 1377, the 1 to 10th and 12 to 15th volumes
- このことから、写本に2つの系統があることがわかる。
- From the above fact, we can understand that there are two lines of transcripts.
- 大東急本=室町時代中期写・完本(大東急記念文庫蔵)
- The Daitokyu book: Copied manually in the middle era of the Muromachi period, a complete book (owned by the Daitokyu memorial library)
- 「更級日記」にも鞍馬山の春秋の姿が描写されている。
- Sights from Mt. Kurama in the spring and autumn are portrayed in 'Sarashina Nikki' (Sarashina Diary) as well.
- また冷泉家の遺品は写真でいろいろな本に掲載される。
- Articles left by members of the Reizei family are published in photographs in many books.
- これにより、模刻は搨模に代わって模写の主流となった。
- This made mokoku a mainstream copying method to replace the tomo.
- 「菩提」と音写され、覚り、もしくは覚りの智慧を表す。
- It is transliterated as the word 'bodai'; it means awakening or the wisdom of awakening.
- 7月15日、守本尊を書写し土佐吉奈右京大夫に授与す。
- July 15: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Ukyo no Daibu of Yoshina, Tosa Province.
- 真言は音が重要であることから、翻訳せず音写を用いる。
- What is important about the shingon is its pronunciation; therefore, the words have been kept untranslated but have been transcribed.
- 合戦の描写そのものは実に臨場感があり、リアルである。
- These descriptions of battles are very vivid and realistic.
- 台記 1巻-藤原頼長の日記「台記」の鎌倉時代の写本。
- One volume, a Kamakura-period transcription, of the 'Daiki,' FUJIWARA no Yorinaga's diary.
- 現在残っている写本には大きくわけて2つの系統がある。
- The remaining manuscripts are roughly divided into two lines.
- 茂吉は「写生」に「生を写す」と言う解釈をほどこした。
- Mokichi interpreted 'shasei' (literally, 'sketching') to mean the 'portrayal of life.'
- 天文本=江戸時代後期写・完本(東京大学国語研究室蔵)
- The Tenmon book: Copied manually in the latter half of the Edo period, a complete book (owned by the Laboratory of Japanese, the University of Tokyo)
- 奥書によると書写したのは、鎌倉時代の安倍泰統である。
- According to its okugaki, it was transcribed by ABE no Taito in the Kamakura period.
- 五節舞の情景を描写した、僧正遍昭のの歌が有名である。
- There is a famous waka poem composed by Sojo Henjo that depicts the spectacle of a Gosechi no mai.
- (火炎瓶を投じる直前の写真が読売新聞に掲載された。)
- (A photograph taken immediately before the two radical members hurled the Molotov cocktail at the Imperial couple appeared in the Yomiuri Shinbun Newspaper.)
- 明治に入り、次第に写真に取って代わられるようになった。
- In the Meiji period, photographs came to replace shunga.
- そして、日本国内でもその「写し」がつくられるなどした。
- Copies' were also produced in Japan.
- 江戸っ子気質が行き過ぎて描写されるのはこのためである。
- That's why the sprit of a native of Edo is depicted in an over exaggerated way.
- 前者は春日神社の「影向の松」を写したものとされている。
- The former one is said to be a copy of a painting of 'kagemuko no matsu' (a pine tree over a shadow) in Kasuga-jinja Shrine.
- カーボンコピーの要領で画像を壁面に写し取るものである。
- This method resulted in a carbon copy like image of the sketch being transferred to the wall.
- 伊勢物語 1巻 - 藤原定家筆本に基づく鎌倉時代の写本
- One volume of Ise monogatari (Tales of Ise), a Kamakura-period transcription based on a text written by FUJIWARA no Teika.
- もっとも古いものは文暦2年の定家筆写時の鑑定であろう。
- The oldest would be the appraisal made by Sadaie in 1235, when he copied the manuscript.
- いずれにしても現存する写本は鎌倉時代以降のものである。
- At any rate, the oldest existent transcript was made in the Kamakura period or later.
- 高松宮本=江戸時代前期写・完本(国立歴史民俗博物館蔵)
- The Takamatsunomiya book: Copied manually in the first half of the Edo period, a complete book (owned by the National Museum of Japanese History)
- 伊勢十巻本=室町時代初期写・巻三~八のみ(神宮文庫蔵)
- The Ise 10-volume book: Copied manually in the early Muromachi period, only volumes 3 - 8 (owned by the Jingu Library)
- 真福寺本=鎌倉時代写・巻一~巻二のみ(宝生院真福寺蔵)
- The Shinpuku-ji Temple book: Copied manually in the Kamakura period, only volumes 1 and 2 (owned by Hosho-in Shinpuku-ji Temple)
- その後寛政6年(1794年)には写楽の役者絵を出版した。
- Later, in 1794, he published 'Yakushae' (prints of Kabuki actors) by Sharaku.
- 細川幽斎が文禄4年に家康から借りた種彦本を書写したもの。
- Yusaibon was copied by Yusai HOSOKAWA from Tanehikobon he had borrowed in 1595 from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 成人向け漫画‐18歳以上を対象とした、性描写を含む漫画。
- Adult comic - A comic containing sexual expressions for people aged 18 and older
- 両手も各指が違ったカーブを描き、写実的に表現されている。
- The fingers of both hands all draw different curves, expressing a realistic representation.
- 和田が模写したのは5号壁だが、これも未完に終わっている。
- Wada copied the wall No. 5; however, he couldn't finish it.
- 鎌倉時代前期の書写で『枕草子』写本中最古のものとされる。
- It was copied during the early Kamakura period and is considered to be the oldest of all the manuscripts of 'The Pillow Book.'
- この「河内本」を書写した諸本の系統を「河内本系」と呼ぶ。
- Copies of this 'Kawachibon' are called Kawachibon line.
- 群山記には以下に述べるとおり、3点の写本が知られている。
- Three manuscripts of Gunzanki are known as below.
- しかしどの説によっても尊経閣文庫蔵本が最古の写本となる。
- Regardless of the difference among the above views, the transcript possessed by Sonkeikaku-bunko is the oldest transcript.
- 1912年、活動写真「伊達政宗」(M・パテー商会)公開。
- In 1912, a moving picture titled 'Masamune DATE' was released by M. Pathe Company.
- 7代観世大夫観世宗節(元忠)が、種彦本を自ら書写したもの。
- This was copied by Seventh dayu Sosetsu (Mototada) KANZE from Tanehikobon.
- 当時盛んに作られた写実的な時代物『活歴物』の代表作である。
- It is a drama which represents 'Katsurekimono,' realistic historical dramas that were actively produced at that time.
- 焼損前の写真を見ると、図様や色彩は比較的鮮明に残っていた。
- As seen from the photograph taken prior to the fire damage, its design and the color remained relatively vivid.
- 大石寺には、第14世日主の二箇相承の写本が伝えられている。
- Taiseki-ji Temple possesses a manuscript of Nika Sojo (documents which were believed to be addressed from Nichiren to his disciple, Nikko, in 1282) of the 14th Nisshu.
- 有名な「虫食い」などに代表される写実的な表現を得意とする。
- A true-to-life expression represented by the famous 'bug-eaten' is also popular.
- 描写によると、当時の東北では昆布を献上品として収めていた。
- According to Shoku Nihongi, kelp was dedicated to Imperial court and Shogun family as a tribute from Tohoku region in those days.
- 尾形光琳は、原画(俵屋宗達の屏風画)に忠実な模写を残した。
- Korin OGATA faithfully reproduced to the original painting (folding screen painting of Sotatsu TAWARAYA).
- 長秋記(藤原定家書写)4巻-源師時の日記「長秋記」の写本。
- Four volumes of the Choshuki (transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika), the diary of MINAMOTO no Morotoki.
- 源家長記 1帖-鎌倉時代の歌人源家長回想形式の日記の写本。
- One section of MINAMOTO no Ienaga's diary, a written section of the Kamakura-period poet Ienaga's diary of reflections and methods.
- 玉鬘系の巻はしばしば紫上系の巻と時間的に重なる描写がある。
- The Tamakazura series often has descriptions that are parallel in time with those of the Murasaki no Ue series.
- 最も古い写本は、鎌倉時代以前に筆写された宮内庁書陵部蔵本。
- The oldest reprint is one that was copied before the Kamakura period and is owned by the Archives and Mausolea Department of the Imperial Household Agency.
- 京本=江戸時代前期写・巻四~六のみ(東京大学国語研究室蔵)
- The Kyo book: Copied manually in the first half of the Edo period, only volumes 4- 6 (owned by the Laboratory of Japanese, the University of Tokyo)
- 鎌倉時代に写された他本と比べると、非常に新しい写本である。
- It was transcribed quite recently compared with other transcripts, which were transcribed in the Kamakura period.
- ただし唐本御影に兄の聖徳太子、甥の山背大兄王と写っている。
- But he was with his elder brother Prince Shotoku and his nephew Prince Yamashiro no oe in Tohon Miei (Portrait of Prince Shotoku).
- 奥書に「天平三年九月八日写了」とあり、天皇31歳の書である。
- There is a statement 'Excerption completed on September 8, Tenpei 3' in Okugaki (postscript), which tells that he completed this at the age of thirty one.
- 金堂壁画は、原寸大の下絵を壁面に転写した後、彩色されている。
- The murals of the Kondo were colored after tracing the full scale sketches on the wall surface.
- 荒井はインドのアジャンターの壁画を模写した経験が評価された。
- Arai was valued at his experience in imitating the mural paintings of the Ajanta Caves in India.
- その後、写経することに功徳があることが説かれるようになった。
- Then, it started to be reasoned that the practice of shakyo would bring blessings.
- また、風神雷神図は多くの画家によって作られた模写が多数ある。
- Moreover, a number of 'Wind God and Thunder God Screens' have been reproduced by various painters.
- 光琳の模写はかなり忠実であるが、いくつかの点で異なっている。
- Although Korin's replica is quite identical, it differs in some points.
- 実際の古写本や古注釈での巻名の表記には次のようなものがある。
- Very old manuscripts or ancient commentaries have the following phonetic notations of the chapter names:
- 個人旧蔵書で白井本と同じ本からの写本で、内容もほぼ一致する。
- They were privately owned before and it is a copy of the same book as the Shirai-bon with almost similar contents.
- 大島本(おおしまぼん)は、『源氏物語』の古写本の1つである。
- Oshima-bon is one of the older manuscripts of 'Genji Monogatari' (The Tale of Genji).
- 伝本に大きな異同は見られず、鎌倉時代末期の写本が最古である。
- There is no great difference among the denpon (extant books of transcription and published books), and the earliest manuscript was made at the end of the Kamakura period.
- 京一本=江戸時代後期写・巻七~十のみ(東京大学国語研究室蔵)
- The Kyoichi book: Copied manually in the latter half of the Edo period, only volumes 7- 10 (owned by the Laboratory of Japanese, the University of Tokyo)
- また山中にては、飲食、喫煙、写真撮影の一切が禁止されている。
- In addition, all activities including eating or drinking, smoking, and shooting photograph in the mountains are prohibited.
- 江戸庶民の暮らしを生き生きと描写した川柳にも褌はよく登場する。
- Fundoshi loincloths often appear also in senryu poems depicting the vivid lives of common people in the Edo period.
- さらに写本として広まる間に、式亭三馬などが加筆を行っていった。
- Moreover, as its written copies spread, some other experts such as Sanba SHIKITEI added some more modifications.
- 1955年頃から、カメラ雑誌を中心に写真の評論活動を開始した。
- Around 1955, he began his career as a photography critic mainly for camera magazines.
- 焼損前の写真でも画面の下半分は剥落が激しく、図様が明確でない。
- The lower half of the wall has been severely peeled off even in the photograph prior to the fire damage, the design is unclear.
- また写実的陰影法も無く、鮮やかな色彩で平面構成がなされている。
- In addition, it utilizes bright colors and a planar construction without the use of realistic shading.
- その歴史は長く、百人一首の人物描写にも「みす」が描かれている。
- Misu have been in use for a long time, and can be seen depicted in historically relevant works, such as the Hyakunin Isshu (one hundred waka poems by one hundred poets).
- 明治時代中期になると、正岡子規の写生主義がでて歌論を風靡した。
- In the mid-Meiji period, Shiki MATSUOKA's theory of Shaseishugi (realism) first came out, and it shook the world of karon to its foundations.
- 『金葉集』の田園趣味と写実的傾向は中世の到来を確実に知らせる。
- The pastoralism and realism in 'Kinyo shu' surely heralded the dawn of the Medieval ages.
- 善行には布施、放生会といったものに加え、写経や信心一般がある。
- Good deeds include copying of a sutra and faith in general in addition to offerings and ceremony of releasing captive animals.
- 自筆原本は現存しないが、写本の種類は非常に多く、相補っている。
- Although the original copy no longer exists, many versions of copies complement the original.
- また京都大学図書館に天承2年正月~同年3月の古写本1巻が残る。
- Moreover, one old manuscript of January to March, 1132 exists in the Kyoto University library.
- その描写は必ずしも写実的でなく、性器が大きく描かれることが多い。
- The description was not always realistic; often the size of the genitals were exaggeratingly described.
- また、それほど露骨な描写でない絵は危絵(あぶなえ)とも呼ばれた。
- Also, more moderate picture was referred to as abunae (lit. a dangerous picture)
- この聞き書き単体の観世宗節による写本も、観世宗家に現存している。
- The manuscript in the form of oral transcription written by Sosetsu KANZE exists in KANZE head family.
- その来歴は定かではないが、種彦本を精密に影写したものと見られる。
- Though its origin and history is not clearly known, it seems to be the precise tracing of Tanehikobon.
- 梵名のハヤグリーヴァ(音写:何耶掲梨婆)は「馬の首」の意である。
- Its name in Sanskrit, hayagriiva (transcription: 何耶掲梨婆), means 'horse head.'
- 阿素羅、阿蘇羅、阿須羅、阿素洛、阿須倫、阿須輪などとも音写する。
- It is also transliterated into 阿素羅, 阿蘇羅, 阿須羅, 阿素洛, 阿須倫, 阿須輪 and others.
- これは1296年(永仁4年)に『天狗草子』として描写作成された。
- This was created and described as 'Tengu-zoshi' in 1296.
- これらは『源氏物語』などいくつかの平安文学の中に描写されている。
- The scene of such performance was depicted in Heian literature including 'The Tale of Genji.'
- 写本については池田亀鑑の説では以下の3種類に分けられるとされる。
- According to the theory of Kikan IKEDA, the manuscripts are divided into three groups.
- この他に主要な写本については個別に翻刻したものが出版されている。
- Other than these, the major manuscripts were respectively reissued.
- 宮内庁職員の作品展に「女ともだち」と題した彼女の写真を出品した。
- He put a photograph of her entitled 'Onna tomodachi' (My girl friend) on an exhibition for the staff of the Imperial Household Agency.
- 昭和30年代までの間、最も人口に膾炙した『申楽談儀』の写本である。
- It was the most popular version of manuscript of 'Sarugaku dangi' until 1950's.
- 「松羽目物」と言われる能楽写しの舞踊劇の演出に多大な影響を与えた。
- They exerted a great influence on the dramaturgy of dance drama modeled after Nohgaku that is called 'Matsubamemono' (performance in front of a panel with a picture of pine trees).
- そのため呉春は応挙の写実性の薫陶を受け、独特の画風を構築していく。
- Then Goshun studied the realism of Okyo under him and built the unique painting style.
- 幕末には法導寺善が反転で円を直線に写して簡略化する手法を導入した。
- At the end of the Edo period, Zen HODOJI introduced a simplifying technique in which inverted circles are reflected in straight lines.
- 分かり易い筋といなせな鳶の者の生活が描写された世話物の傑作である。
- It is a masterpiece of the sewamono drama with a simple plot in which the everyday lives of dashing firemen are described.
- フォトマンダラ 物珍しい写真を前面に打ち出した、グラビア的な記事。
- 'Photo Mandala' is a photographic article that highlights rare photographs.
- 5月26日、本尊を書写し陸前一迫柳目三位阿日為母妙了日宗に授与す。
- May 26: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to 妙了日宗, mother of 三位阿日為 of Ichihasama-yanaginome, Rikuzen Province.
- 仏像は范道生から刀法を学び、明様式の装飾的で写実的な作風であった。
- He learned how to use carving knives for butsuzo (statue of Buddha) carving from the Buddha sculptor Handosei; his manner of carving was decorative and graphic, being reminiscent of the Ming style.
- これにも宮城道雄の『春の海』の描写を何かしら予見させるものがある。
- This also implies a description of 'Haru no Umi' by Michio MIYAGI in some way.
- 極稀に、可憐さとは正反対に、精悍な体育会系に描写される場合もある。
- Very rarely, they were described as virile young men contrary to pretty boys.
- 写本も宮内庁書陵部、東京大学史料編纂所、東北大学に所蔵されている。
- Written copies are also kept in the Imperial Household Archives of the Historiographical Institute at the University of Tokyo, and Tohoku University.
- 現存する最古の写本は大福光寺本であり、しばしば研究の底本とされる。
- The oldest existent transcription is Daifukukojibon, which is often used as a master copy for the study of the work.
- 群書類従第20輯に収められている他、古写本の天理本、寛正本がある。
- In addition to the twentieth volume of the Gunsho ruiju, it is also contained in the Tenri-bon and the Kansho-bon (both kosha-bon).
- 転写の際の誤記による相違だけで、内容に違いはないと考えられている。
- It is thought that all these types of books are the same in content, and that their difference is due to scribal errors in their transcription.
- 室町時代に入ってから三条西実隆が「証本」を元に作ったとされる写本。
- The manuscript is said to have been made based on 'shohon' (a verified text) by Sanetaka SANJONISHI in the Muromachi period.
- 図書寮本(書陵部本) 12世紀写 第10,12-17,21-24巻
- Zushoryo version (Book stock of Shoryo department) copied in the 12th century, the 10th, 12-17th, and 21-24th volumes
- 写実的な描写などは『源氏物語』の成立へ影響を与えたと言われている。
- It is said that its realistic description influenced the writing of 'The Tale of Genji.'
- 高山寺本=平安時代末期写・巻六~十のみ(天理大学附属天理図書館蔵)
- The Kozan-ji Temple book: Copied manually towards the end of the Heian period, only volumes 6 - 10 (owned by the Tenri Library attached to Tenri University)
- ただ、鎌倉期の古写本が京都大学や陽明文庫・宮内庁書陵部などに残る。
- Only the old manuscript copies from the Kamakura period are still kept at Kyoto University, the Yomei Library and Archives and Mausolea Department of the Imperial Household Agency.
- 写真のとおり、篠笛はコンサートフルートとピッコロの中間の長さである。
- As shown in the photograph, the shinobue is between the concert flute and the piccolo in terms of length.
- 例示として岩波文庫版(校訂仲田勝之助)より東洲斎写楽の項を引用する。
- The following texts are quoted from the section of Sharaku TOSHUSAI of the Iwanami Library edition (revised by Katsunosuke NAKADA).
- 種彦はその貴重さを見抜いてこれを買い、また文人仲間にこれを写させた。
- Tanehiko recognized its value and bought it, and let his fellow men of literature copy it by handwriting.
- 小杉榲邨が、安政年間に黒川春村所有の写本を転写したものであるという。
- It is said that Kosugibon is the book copied by Sugimura KOSUGI during Ansei era from the manuscript owned by Harumura KUROKAWA.
- それまでの濃い舞踊色とは打って変わって、写実的な激しさで演じられる。
- In a sharp contrast with the calmness of Japanese dancing in the previous scenes, the performance is vigorous and realistic in this scene.
- 書風は六朝写経に似ていて、字体は扁平で波法が美しく軽妙で筆力がある。
- The calligraphic style is like that of sutras copied in the six-dynasty style, and the character style is flat, with a beautiful sweeping stroke to the right, and is light, easy, but powerful.
- オリジナルの壁画が焼損した今では、この写真が貴重な資料となっている。
- After the original murals were damaged by the fire, these full-scale photographs became important materials.
- 1461年(寛正2年)3月22日、本尊を書写し下野薗部日安に授与す。
- March 22, 1461: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Nichian of Sonobe, Shimotsuke Province (Tochigi Prefecture).
- 現在、東京国立博物館、東京大学史料編纂所などが模写本を所蔵している。
- At present the copied books are stored in Tokyo National Museum and Historiographical Institute at the University of Tokyo and so on.
- 以下に挙げるのは、日本における映画の初公開(映写機別)の詳細である。
- The details of those movies released for the first time in Japan are shown below, and they are classified according to the projector used for the movie.
- (ページ上部の写真の奥の鼓面が見えている太鼓の右側がこれにあたる。)
- (It is to the right side of the Japanese drum surface that can be seen in the background of the photograph in the upper part of the page.)
- この本文は京都大学図書館のホームページで写真を閲覧することができる。
- This text can be read on the Kyoto University Library website.
- 麻紙は経典の書写に多く用いられ、和歌集の料紙として用いた例は少ない。
- Hemp paper was often used to transcribe Buddhist sutras, but cases where it was used for waka anthologies are few and far between.
- 紫上系の巻の文体や筆致等は素朴であり、玉鬘系の巻の描写は深みがある。
- The writing style is simple in the Murasaki no Ue series, while the descriptions in the Tamakazura series have depth.
- 『源氏物語』は完成直後から広く普及し多くの写本が作られたと見られる。
- It seems that 'The Tale of Genji' circulated widely and was copied into many manuscripts soon after its completion.
- それだけに写本は江戸時代のものが多く、室町時代のものは非常に少ない。
- Therefore most of the manuscripts were created during the Edo period, and the ones transcribed during the Muromachi period were few.
- また、宮内庁書陵部、尊経閣文庫、神宮文庫等にも写本が所蔵されている。
- Manuscripts are also held by locations including the Imperial Household Archives, Sonkeikaku-bunko Library and the Jingu Library.
- 写楽をはじめ曲亭馬琴、十返舎一九など重三郎の世話を受けた人物は数多い。
- There were many figures such as Sharaku, Bakin KYOKUTEI and Ikku JUPPENSHA who were indebted to Juzaburo.
- 近年は海底写真によって1,000m以上の深海でも砂紋が見出されている。
- Seabed photography has recently revealed the presence of samon even in the deep sea at a depth of 1,000 m or more.
- 地の文 - 講談は地の文(第三者から見た描写)が多く、セリフは少ない。
- Descriptive text: Kodan contains many descriptive texts with descriptions from the standpoint of an outsider, with little dialogue.
- 芸風は江戸時代においては上方系の写実性に富んだものであったようである。
- As for the style of performance, the school is believed to have adopted the realistic Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) style in the Edo period.
- 芸風は当世風で写実的、悪く言えば派手で泥臭く卑俗なものであったらしい。
- It is believed that the style of performance adopted by the school was modern and realistic when it was seen in a favorable light, but in other words, it was showy, unrefined, and coarse.
- しかし、興行の現場では映写技師がシンクロに苦労し、苦情が殺到していた。
- At movie theaters, however, projectionists faced a difficulty in synchronizing and a lot of complaints were made.
- 1475年(文明7年)7月16日、本尊を書写し小野里八郎三郎に授与す。
- July 16, 1475: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Hachiro-zaburo ONOZATO.
- 曹洞宗の根本経典であるため、道元の死後直後から、頻繁に写本がなされた。
- Being the Konpon kyoten (primal scripture) of the Sotoshu sect, this book was copied frequently after Dogen's death.
- 次第に、浮世絵は新聞や写真、石版画などの新技術に押されて衰退していく。
- Ukiyoe gradually declined, losing ground to newspapers, photographs, new technologies such as lithographs, etc.
- 集目録(藤原定家筆)1巻-定家が自ら筆写または校訂した歌集の自筆目録。
- One section of the catalog of anthologies (written by Teika), a catalog, in Teika's own hand, of the poetry anthologies he had personally transcribed or revised.
- ポスターには十二単を着て小野小町に扮した中島みゆきが後姿で写っている。
- Miyuki NAKAJIMA appeared in the poster wearing twelve-layered ceremonial kimono, pretending to be ONO no Komachi and showing her back.
- Miyuki NAKAJIMA appeared in the poster wearing a 12-layer ceremonial kimono, pretending to be ONO no Komachi and showing her back.
- 「実相に観入して自然、自己一元の生を写す。これが短歌上の写生である。」
- 'In regard to tanka, the literary sketch is to accurately recognize the subject in its true form and to portray life, whereby nature and the self originate from the same source; this is the drawing of nature that is tanka.'
- 桐壺・夢浮橋の2帖は別人(桐壺は道増、夢浮橋は道澄)による補写である。
- The copies of 'Kiritsubo' and 'Yume no Ukihashi' were done by other hands ('Kiritsubo' was copied by Dozo and 'Yume no Ukihashi' was by Docho).
- 『更級日記』の現存する写本は全て藤原定家が書写した御物本の系統である。
- All of the existing manuscripts of the 'Sarashina Nikki' are in the line of the Gyobutsubon manuscript (The Imperial Book, the property of the Imperial Household), in the hand of FUJIWARA no Sadaie.
- 兼実の孫である九条道家没後、元本は一条家に、写本が九条家に伝来された。
- After the death of Michiie KUJO, who was a grandson of Kanezane, the original was passed down in the Ichijo family, the manuscript copy was passed down in the Kujo family.
- 御伽草子の多くは挿絵入りの写本として創られ、絵を楽しむ要素も強かった。
- Many of Otogi Zoshi were created as copy printings with illustrations, which had a strong element to amuse people.
- なお、書紀古写本には単に「私記説」という形で引用されているものも多い。
- In addition, there are many old manuscripts which are cited simply in the form of 'a theory based on a private record.'
- 年代が明記された『史記』の最古の写本であり、かつ最古の訓点本でもある。
- It was the oldest written copy of 'Shiki' with the date of the transcription clearly marked as well as the oldest Kuntenbon.
- 尊経閣文庫の写本には、書写した子孫の注釈等が詳細に書き加えられている。
- Detailed notes added by descendants are seen on the transcript possessed by Sonkeikaku-bunko.
- 大規模な黄砂が発生したときは、気象衛星などの画像に写り込むことがある。
- When a large-scale kosa is produced, it is sometimes included in pictures taken by weather satellites.
- 濃墨が淡墨をはじき、「濃墨が淡墨を破る」(黄公望、写山水訣)効果を生む。
- Kozumi sheds usuzumi (light India ink) and generates an effect of 'kozumi breaks usuzumi' (Huáng Gōngwàng, representing mountain and water distinctively).
- 【三】三馬按、写楽号東周斎、江戸八町堀に住す、はつか半年余行はるゝ而巳。
- (S) I believe Toshusai SHARAKU lived in Hatchobori, Edo, and he had been active only for a half year.
- また宗節は、後に書写をしなかった部分から一部を抜粋した写本も作っている。
- In addition, Sosetsu made manuscript of extras from the part he had not copied.
- 現在知られる写本は前述の堀本を除き全てこの種彦本の系統を引くものである。
- Therefore, all the existing manuscripts, except the Horibon mentioned above, belong to the lineage of this Tanehikobon.
- とくに三幕目は河竹黙阿弥の補作で、こくのある描写が熟練の技を見せている。
- Especially, Act three is a supplementary work by Mokuami KAWAKITA, of which his rich description exhaustively shows his mature literary style.
- ドラマチックな展開を可能とする素材を扱いながら、対立的な描写を行わない。
- Although it deals with material that could have dramatic developments, it does not become confrontational.
- 三十六人家集のまとまった写本としては最古のもので、国宝に指定されている。
- It is the oldest one among the manuscripts of poems of Sanju-rokkasen, and it is designated as a national treasure.
- 織ることに決まった図案を方眼紙に写し取り配色を決めて「紋意匠図」を作る。
- The design for the weave is copied to graph paper and colors are decided, resulting in a 'Mon design template.'
- 1460年(寛正1年)7月18日、本尊を書写し陸前二迫加藤日源に授与す。
- July 18, 1460: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Nichigen KATO of Nihasama, Rikuzen Province (Miyagi Prefecture and a part of Iwate Prefecture).
- 1463年(寛正4年)6月2日、本尊を書写し下野金井伊勢阿日量に授与す。
- June 2, 1463: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to the senior priest Nichiryo of Kanai-ise, Shimotsuke Province (Tochigi Prefecture).
- その結果、19世紀中頃にクールベらによって名実ともに写実主義が定着した。
- As a result, realism was established both in name and in reality by Courbet and others during the middle of the 19th century.
- 下って現代においては、押形や写真集により、刀工正真銘が多く知られている。
- Today, the real inscription of sword craftsman is widely known through Oshigata (mold) or photo books.
- 自然描写が印象的な作曲法によってなされ、それなりに華やかさも持っている。
- It was composed by a composition technique impressively describing nature and has a certain gorgeousness.
- 『竹取物語』の描写によれば、「綾織物に絵をかきて間毎に張りたり」とある。
- In 'Taketori Monogatari,' there is the description; 'painted pictures on twill fabric to be pasted in every room.'
- 役者絵にも写実さが加わり勝川春章によってブロマイド的な似顔絵が描かれた。
- Realistic delineation was also added to Yakushae, and bromide-like Nigaoe (portraits) were drawn by Shunsho KATSUKAWA.
- 明月記(藤原定家自筆本)58巻1幅 附:補写本1巻、旧表紙(10枚)1巻
- 58 volumes and one hanging scroll of the Meigetsuki (Chronicle of the Clear Moon, written in Teika's own hand); Supplement: one complementary volume, and one bundle of old covers (10 total).
- 記述は京都の朝廷、公家や戦国大名の動向、和歌、古典の書写など多岐に及ぶ。
- The records range widely over the Imperial court in Kyoto, court nobles, daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku Period, waka poems, transcriptions of the classics by handwriting, and so on.
- 仲文集(藤原定家筆)1帖-三十六歌仙の1人藤原仲文の家集(歌集)の写本。
- One section of the Nakafumi Collection (transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika), a written section of the house poetry anthology of FUJIWARA no Nakafumi, one of the Thirty-Six Immortal Poets.
- 地方にも文化意識が高まり、実隆も求められてたくさんの古典を書写している。
- The cultural standard in the countryside was raised, and Sanetaka was asked to transcribe many classics.
- その他の本は鈴鹿本から書写され、流布されていったものだと考えられている。
- The other books are thought to have been copied from the Suzuka manuscript and subsequently disseminated.
- 近世書写されたものがあるが、これは九条家旧蔵本の系統に属するものである。
- There are manuscripts copied in the early-modern times as well, and they are based on the book formerly kept in the Kujo family.
- 伊勢二十巻本=室町時代初期写・巻一~二および巻九~二十のみ(神宮文庫蔵)
- The Ise 20-volume book: Copied manually in the early Muromachi period, only volumes 1, 2 and 9 - 20 (owned by the Jingu Library)
- 楊守敬刊本=明治29年(1906年)刊・楊守敬校訂(底本=下総本系写本)
- Yang Shoujing's printed books: Published in 1906, corrected by Yang Shoujing (based on Shimosa book-related manuscripts)
- この写真の和宮からは、袿の袖から僅かに両手の先を出している姿が確認できる。
- Kazumomiya posed with both her hands slightly out of her sleeves in this photograph.
- 後年の芳年が神経に異常を来たしていたための幻覚を描写したものとの説がある。
- It is said that Yoshitoshi suffered from nervous breakdown in his later years and that the monsters were his hallucinations.
- 古来より麻は清浄なものとされていたので、奈良時代の写経にも多く使用された。
- As hemp had been believed to be clean since ancient times, it was often used for copying sutras in the Nara period.
- 技法は、和紙に原寸大写真をコロタイプ印刷したものに彩色していくものである。
- The technique used in this reproduction was to color the washi collotyped the full-scale photographs.
- 末法思想が流行すると写経した経典を経筒に納めて埋納する経塚造営が行われる。
- When pessimism spread due to decadent-age theory, kyozuka (a mound of Buddhist scriptures) started to be built to put copied Buddhist scriptures in kyozutsu (a tube in which rolled Buddhist scriptures were kept) for burial.
- (右の写真は中台八葉院で、尊像は中央が大日如来、その真上が宝幢如来である。
- The photograph on the right shows the central eight-petal court, with the venerable image of Dainichi Nyorai depicted at the center and that of Hoto Nyorai depicted above Dainichi Nyorai.
- 現在も白隠の再興した臨済宗を中心に、日常の読経や写経などに用いられている。
- Even today, Jikku Kannongyo is still used in the daily recitation of sutras and copying of sutras and the like, mainly in the Rinzaishu sect which was reinvigorated by Hakuin.
- 歴代のうち、武田元信・元光・信豊は騎射に優れ、弓馬故実書を書写・著述した。
- Among the Wakasa Takeda clan, Motonobu, Motomitsu and Nobutoyo TAKEDA excelled in horseback archery and they copied or wrote the books of Kyuba Kojitsu.
- 「どう見ても一個の美術品だ」という羊羹描写に続く、有名な一節の一部である。
- The phrase is a part of well-known passage of the novel, following the description of yokan: 'No matter how you look at it, it's a work of art.'
- 室町時代以降は殿上眉の位置はさらに高くなり、能面にも写されるようになった。
- From the Muromachi period on, the position of the tenjo-mayu became still higher, and the eyebrow style came to be incorporated into Noh masks.
- レンガを用いたアート展示会、旧軍港4市近代化遺産写真展などが行われている。
- There are also exhibitions of art that uses bricks, and Kyu-gunko yonshi Kindaika Isan Shashin-ten (photographic exhibition of the site of modernization of four cities of former military ports).
- 江戸時代に制作された模本で、狩野永徳が描いた原図を写したものと伝えられる。
- It is a copy produced in Edo period, and said to be a reproductive art of the original which Eitoku KANO painted.
- 島津本と同系ではあるが、島津本よりも書写年は古く、そこからの転写ではない。
- Although it belongs to the same line as the Shimazubon, it was copied before the Shimazubon and is not a transcription from it.
- 流布本系統は大きく分けて写本系統と、古活字本(版本)にわけることができる。
- The Rufubon line can be roughly divided into the hand-copied manuscript line and the line of the text printed with old, engraved wooden blocks.
- 三条西実隆は、筆写のおり句読点や声点を施し、ほかにも校合が試みられている。
- Sanetaka SANJONISHI put punctuation marks and shoten (marks to add Kanji to show Shisei) when he copied it, and he also collated it.
- 河内本として成立年次の最も古い写本である(一部後世に補写された巻がある)。
- This is a manuscript where the date of establishment is the oldest among Kawachibon (some part was supplemented later).
- 平成17年、徳川美術館にある鎌倉時代初期の写本が、重要文化財に指定された。
- The manuscript made in the early Kamakura period and now owned by The Tokugawa Art Museum was designated as an important cultural property in 2005.
- 現存する『古事記』の写本は大きく「伊勢本系統」と「卜部本系統」に分かれる。
- The existing 'Kojiki' manuscripts are divided into `Ise-bon group,' and `Urabe-bon group.'
- 観智院本の書写された当時、「はげし」の「はげ」は低く発音したことが分かる。
- This suggests that 'hage' (はげ) in 'hageshi' (はげし) was pronounced with low pitch when the manuscript was transcribed.
- 現存する写本は永禄8年(1566年)の筆写で東京大学東京大学史料編纂所所蔵。
- Existing copy is a transcription in 1566 owned by Historiographical Institute The University of Tokyo.
- 墨跡では清の乾隆帝が蒐集した三点の模写本が有名である(北京故宮博物院所蔵)。
- Among these handwritings, the following three copied books collected by Chien Lung of Qing are famous (possessed by the Palace Museum in Beijing).
- 伝世した平安時代の装飾写本の中で、最も豪華な装飾が施されたものの一つである。
- It is one of the most luxurious ones among the existent decorated manuscripts produced in the Heian period.
- 相撲の起源は非常に古く、古墳時代の埴輪・須恵器にもその様子が描写されている。
- Sumo has a long history, and is described in haniwa (hollow clay figures) and unglazed Sueki ware from the Kofun period (tumulus period).
- 1474年(文明6年)1月5日、本尊を書写し甲斐下山大村六郎左衛門に授与す。
- January 5, 1474: Nichiu made a replica of honzon and gave it to Rokurozaemon OMURA of Shimoyama, Kai Province (Yamanashi Prefecture).
- 達摩との表記もあるがいわゆる中国禅の典籍には達磨、古い写本は達摩と表記する。
- While Daruma 達磨 can also be written as 達摩, 達磨 is used in the so-called Chinese Zen books, and 達摩 is used in old manuscripts.
- 写本の筆写時期は幕末と考えられており、原本は洞明院に詞書のみ伝えられている。
- The manuscript is considered to have been written during the end of the Edo period and the original book is in Domyo-in Temple and remains only as kotobagaki (captions).
- 文保元年(1317年)、親鸞自筆の『観無量寿経集註』『阿弥陀経集註』を書写。
- In 1317, he transcribed Shinran's autographic works, 'Kanmuryojukyo Shuchu' and 'Amidakyo shicchu'.
- 家族の近況などを簡単に知らせるためには、家族の写真を掲載するのが便利である。
- To briefly indicate a recent event in the family, it's convenient to show a picture of the family.
- 写真、登山、地質調査などの機材運搬用のかばんとしても根強い支持を受けてきた。
- They remain perennial favorites as bags for carrying photo equipment, mountain-climbing equipment, or geological survey equipment.
- その写実性・芸術性の高さから日本美術史上最高傑作の肖像画の一つとされている。
- They are recognized as one of the portrait masterpieces in Japanese art history for their excellent realistic and artistic qualities.
- 現実的・写実的な歌風が多く、貴族の歌のほかに東歌・防人歌など民衆の歌もある。
- Most of the poems have realistic and objective styles, and there are some poems made by people in general, such as Azumauta poetry and Sakimori-no-uta (frontier guards' poems) besides the poems of court nobles.
- 「青表紙本」という呼び名は定家が作成した写本の表紙が青かったことに由来する。
- The name of 'Aobyoshi-bon' was derived from the blue cover of the manuscript made by Teika.
- 右衛門尉の3人の妻、16人の娘(あるいはその夫)、9人の息子の描写が始まる。
- And he begins to describe three wives of Uemon no jo, sixteen daughters (or their husbands), and nine sons.
- この写本は土御門家の家司を務める家柄であった若杉家に伝わっていたものである。
- This transcript is the one that had been handed down in the Wakasugi family, which was the lineage of the Keishi (household superintendent) of the Tsuchimikado family.
- 霧の規模は全国的に有名で、衛星写真では亀岡市が霧の影響で白く写ることもある。
- The size of the fog is well-known nationwide, and is the cause of Kameoka City sometimes appearing white in satellite images.
- 帰り際には、マイクロバスの窓から手を振って被災者を励ます写真も残されている。
- A photograph remains, showing the scene in which the Imperial couple is waving their hands from the window of a microbus to encourage the victims.
- そして上がり込んだ苦沙弥先生宅で勝手に蕎麦の出前を取って一人で喰う描写がある。
- That passage continues with descriptions of Meitei subsequently letting himself into the house of Kushami Sensei where he ordered soba delivery and ate it by himself.
- そのほかの曲でも『生写朝顔話』など義太夫節では胡弓が用いられる曲は少なくない。
- Kokyu is also played in not a few other pieces of music for Gidayu-bushi such as in 'Shoutsushi-Asagao-banashi' (Morning Glory Diary).
- 江戸のいき(意気)を体現した辰巳芸者は、江戸を描写した作品にしばしば登場する。
- Tatsumi Geisha, who were the example of the spirit of Edo, often appear in works describing Edo.
- 韋応物の「石鼓歌」にも「風雨欠剥苔蘚渋(風雨に削られ苔に蒸す)」の描写がある。
- In 'Sekko-ka poems' by WEI Ying-wu, it was described as 'it was damaged by wind and rain and covered with moss'.
- 荼毘紙(だびし、抹香を漉き込んだ料紙)に書かれた奈良時代の大文字の写経である。
- Sutras that were hand copied on Dabishi (scented paper for writing) in large sized letters during the Nara Period
- 写経も盛行したがその経典の多くは『法華経』であり、美しい装飾経に仕上げられた。
- Many sutra copies were made, with almost all of them of the Hokke-kyo sutra, and were finished in the beautiful soshoku-kyo sutra style.
- それに複数人の手を経て記録を伝写すること自体が、途中で誤りを生む要因にもなる。
- The fact that multiple people are involved in copying records also leads to errors during the process.
- 下絵の転写後、彩色のうえ、輪郭線を弁柄で書き起こすという技法で制作されている。
- The mural was created by the method that the outlines were drawn in Bengal red after copying a sketch and colored on the wall.
- 当時、模写を日本画と洋画のいずれで行うかについて壁画保存調査会で論争があった。
- There was a dispute in those days inside the Horyuji hekiga hozon chosakai (Investigative Committee of Conservation for Mural Paintings of Horyu-ji Temple) on whether to execute the copying in the manner of Japanese traditional painting or Western painting.
- 写真では入江泰吉が昭和21年ごろから30年以上修二会に通いつめ撮影を行なった。
- As for photographers, Taikichi IRIE had watched Shuni-e for more than thirty years from around 1946 and photographed it.
- 写真店の店頭で注文する方法と、インターネットの注文サイトで注文する方法がある。
- The postcard can be ordered at an actual photo shop or through an internet site.
- また内容の1部が第5類と重なることもあって、第4類のなかでも特殊な写本である。
- Additionally, a portion of the content is similar to class 5, and it is a unique manuscript in the context of class 4.
- また、1965年になって、莫高窟中の第122窟の前で、過所の写しが発見された。
- In 1965, a copy of Kasho was found in front of the 122nd cave in the Mogao Cave.
- その他、『入唐求法巡礼行記』には、円仁が受給した過所・公験が写しとられている。
- In addition, 'Nitto guho junreiki' (The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law) had copies of Kasho and Kugen (official documents authorized by Kokushi (provincial governors) or Gunji (local magistrates) for transfer of the ownership of private property) which were given to Ennin.
- 三十六人の家集を集大成した現存する最古の写本は、西本願寺本三十六人家集である。
- Nishi honganji bon sanjurokunin kasyu (The works of the thirty-six master poets in Nishi Hongan-ji Temple) is the oldest existing copy of the summarization of poems of these 36 poets.
- 札所では参拝の後、写経とお布施として納経料を納め、納経帳に宝印の印影を授かる。
- At a fudasho temple, pilgrims have the temple collect their shakyo (hand-copied sutra) and pay it the nokyo-ryo (fee for the collection of the shakyo) as a donation after a prayer, and they receive the stamp of the hoin in the nokyo-cho (a book in which they collect the stamp of the hoin and the signature at each fudasho temple).
- 市谷駐屯地での割腹事件の数年前から褌姿で切腹する写真や映画『憂国』を残している。
- Since several years before his harakiri suicide at Camp Ichigaya, Yukio MISHIMA had made and left pictures of his own image of committing suicide in fundoshi loincloth as well as a movie titled 'Yukoku' (Patriotism).
- これにより左右よりも天地の大きさの変動が激しい筆写体の再現が容易になるのである。
- This made it easy to reproduce scribal types of which the vertical size changed more drastically than the horizontal size.
- 扇面古写経の制作もその流れの延長上にあるが、紙扇を料紙とした点がユニークである。
- The Senmen Koshakyo was created against such a background, but it was unique in that it used paper fans as ryoshi.
- 写本毎の違いとしては、後序の後にある、「附録」が蓮如本にはあり、永正本にはない。
- As to the differences, 'appendix' is written in Rennyo-bon after Kojo but it is not written in Eisho-bon.
- しかし、日本が戦時体制に入る中、1942年(昭和17年)頃に模写事業は中断した。
- However, the reproduction was interrupted in 1942 when Japan had entered into a wartime regime.
- 狩野派や円山派といった他の江戸時代の流派は、模写を通じて直接師から画技を学んだ。
- Pupils of other schools in the Edo period such as the Kano school and the Maruyama school learned painting technique directly from their teachers by copying their works.
- ロートレックの方は平面の組み合わせで描写され、立体感の表現は全く放棄されている。
- Meanwhile, Lautrec completely abandoned three-dimensionality, using the technique of combining various planes.
- 幕末には加賀の平賀源内と称された大野弁吉が空気銃や蒸気船の模型や写真機を作った。
- In the last days of the Edo period, Benkichi ONO, who was called the Second Gennai HIRAGA in Kaga (Gennai HIRAGA was a great inventor in the middle of the Edo period), invented an air gun, a miniature of a steamship, and a camera.
- ジャッキー・チェンの映画ヤングマスター 師弟出馬では南方のものが描写されている。
- In 'The Young Master,' a movie that featured Jackie Chan, the Southern style lion dance was seen.
- 鈴木春信の死後、美人画は中性的・人形的な絵柄から写実的なものへと変化していった。
- After Harunobu SUZUKI's death, Bijinga began to change from androgynous, doll-like patterns to realistic ones.
- しかし長谷寺の折に、故大君生写しの異母妹浮舟を垣間見て、心を動かされるのだった。
- However when he visits the Hase-dera Temple, he catches a glimpse of Ukifune, Oigimi's half younger sister by different mother, and is moved by her.
- 『紫式部日記』(写本の題名は全て『紫日記』)中に自作の根拠とされる次の3つの記述
- In 'Murasaki Shikibu Diary' (the titles on the manuscripts are all 'Murasaki Diary'), one can see three descriptions that suggest Murasaki Shikibu wrote 'The Tale of Genji.'
- 古い時代の写本や注釈書などの文献に記されている名称は大きく以下の系統に分かれる。
- The titles written on the old manuscripts or commentaries are roughly divided into the following groups:
- 永正5年(1508年)から翌年にかけては、『周易』(易経)の書写に着手している。
- He had been transcribing Zhou Yi (I Ching (Book of Changes)) from 1508 to the following year.
- 巻頭の目録の後に大炊御門冬信の識語のある本を応永年間に転写した写本の系統である。
- It is a manuscript line that was copied during the Oei era from a book with manuscript notes by Fuyunobu OIMIKADO after the index at the beginning.
- カナダ空軍基地において軍用機のコクピットに座ったこともあり、写真が残されている。
- As shown in a photograph, he had an experience of sitting down on a cockpit of a warplane at Canada Air force Base.
- 原本は筆者の宗二が所持していたのであり、それを自ら複写した転写本が諸方へ流布した。
- The original book was owned by Soji, who was the author, and transcription books transcribed by Soji himself were distributed to different sectors.
- 芳幾は写実的な画風で、錦絵の空白部分に直接詞書きを置く画賛のような書き方であった。
- Yoshiiku painted his works in a realistic painting style and he painted like Gasan who directly wrote text in a black portions of each of his nishiki-e prints.
- とくに関東大戦の描写では顕著であり、洲崎沖海戦は赤壁の戦いを焼き直したものである。
- Its influence is especially remarkable in the description of the great battle of Kanto, and the naval battle of Sunosaki is a rehash of the historic Battle of Red Cliff.
- 苦学を志し英語を勉強するために上京、すぐに神田錦町の写真機材店「大盛堂」に勤める。
- He left for Tokyo with an ambition to work hard at mastering English and soon worked for 'Taiseido shop,' a photographic apparatus shop located in Kandanishiki-cho.
- 現代に伝えられる伝本は、藤原定家の孫である冷泉為相による古写本1冊しかないという。
- The only existing copy is a reprint made by Tamesuke REIZEI, a grandson of FUJIWARA no Teika.
- 写本は他に宮内庁書陵部蔵本、京都府立総合資料館蔵本と京都大学附属図書館蔵本がある。
- Other than the above, a transcript possessed by the Imperial Household Archives, a transcript possessed by the Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives, and a transcript possessed by The Kyoto University Library are existent.
- 奥書では泰統が書写した年は貞応6年とされているが、実際には貞応は3年までしかない。
- According to okugaki, Taito transcribed in 貞応6年 (the sixth year of Teio era (1227)), but actually, the Teio era lasted only until 貞応3年 (the third year of the Teio era (1224)).
- 狩谷エキ斎自筆訂本=江戸時代後期写および校訂・完本(国立公文書館(旧内閣文庫)蔵)
- The book copied manually by Ekisai KARIYA himself: Corrected as well as copied manually in the latter half of the Edo period, a complete book (owned by the National Archive of Japan [former Cabinet Library])
- 『権記』長保四年(1002)花山上皇の勅にて書写山性空上人を画かしめたと知られる。
- According to 'Konki' (the diary written by FUJIWARA no Yukinari), the son of Fukae painted a portrait of Priest Shoku Shonin of Mt. Shosha by order of the retired Emperor Kazan in 1002.
- 大福光寺足利尊氏建立の本堂、三重の塔、方丈記の最古の写本(国宝)等、重要文化財多数
- The main building of Daifukuko-ji Temple built by Takauji ASHIKAGA, Sanju no To (Triplet Tower), and the oldest manuscript of Hojoki (An Account of My Hut) (National Treasure) and many valuable cultural assets.
- 田車鼓(7字10行・18句)「田車孔安」で始まり、狩の情景を描写した詩がつづられる。
- Tian-che-gu (18 poems each including 10 lines of seven characters): Starting with 'tian-che-gong-an', poems describing the scenes of the hunting are written.
- 吾車鼓(6字11行・19句)「吾車既工」に始まり、狩の序盤を描写した詩がつづられる。
- Starting with Wu-che-gu (19 poems each having 11 lines of six characters) 'Wu-che-ji-gong', poems describing the early stage of the hunting was written.
- 唐の詩人李嶠の百二十詩を行書で書写した断簡(だんかん、切れ切れになった文書)である。
- It is a dankan (fragmentary leaves of a book) which carry the copies of a hundred twenty poets written in gyosho (handwriting), which were created by Rikyo, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
- 『国姓爺姿写真鏡』(古今彦惣 こきん ひこぞう)「傾城古今と黒木屋彦惣の情話」の世界
- Tha world of 'A love story of keisei (a courtesan) Kokin and Hikozo KUROKIYA' from the 'Kokusenya Sugatano Utsushie'(Hikozo KOKIN).
- 折り紙の折り方を人に伝えるため、その工程を絵(しばしば写真)で示す折り図が存在する。
- There is a folding diagram which shows the process with symbols (usually in pictures), allowing people to understand how to fold a piece of origami.
- 以て書籍を写し 書翰を包み、障子および灯籠を張るのに 之にまさるものなし。」とある。
- This is more suitable for handwriting text, sealing a letter, and covering shoji and garden lanterns more than any paper produced in a different place.'
- 『古今和歌集』を書き写したもので、当初は20巻(和歌1100首前後)からなっていた。
- The Koya-gire is a transcription of the 'Kokin wakashu' that began with the twentieth volume (or about the 1100th waka).
- 私家集 4巻83冊196帖-冷泉家に伝わる私家集(個人歌集)写本を一括指定したもの。
- Four volumes, 83 books, and 196 sections of the Reizei family poetry anthology, designating all the transcriptions of the private family anthologies (personal waka anthologies) passed down in the Reizei family.
- 『今昔物語集』の話はすべて創作ではなく、他の本からの引き写しであると考えられている。
- It is thought that not all the tales in 'The Collection of Tales of Times Now Past' are original but have been taken from other books.
- また、膨大な数のスケッチを『佐竹曙山写生帖』(秋田市立千秋美術館所蔵)に収めている。
- An enormous amount of his sketches were dedicated in 'Satake Shozan Shaseicho' (at Akita Senshu Museum of Art).
- この磨崖仏を写したものが、大野寺(奈良県室生村)と加茂町当尾の線刻弥勒磨崖仏である。
- It is the line engraved Magaibutsu at the Ono-dera Temple (Muro-mura, Nara Prefecture) and in Too, Kamo-cho, that copied this Magaibutsu.
- 「襦袢」は元々ポルトガル語の「ジバゥンgibão」を音写した語で、漢字は当て字である。
- Juban' was originally the term which is phonetically copied from the Portuguese word, 'gibão,' and Chinese characters, which phonetically equivalents to gibão, are applied to it.
- この矢尻は社宝とされ、普段は写真のみ展示されており、毎年9月の祭礼で実物が公開される。
- This arrowhead was kept as a treasure of the shrine, and its photograph is always exhibited, with the real one exhibited to the public at the annual feast of the shrine in September.
- あとは明治時代に桜井香雲という画家が残した模写によっておおよその図様を知るのみである。
- Other than above, we only know their rough design from the reproduction created by a painter, Koun SAKURAI in the Meiji period.
- 下絵を壁面に転写するには念紙法、押圧線引法という2つの技法が使われたと推定されている。
- It is estimated that the sketches traced to the wall surface by the two methods such as Nenshiho (the carbon paper method) and Oatsu Senbikiho (a transcription method by pressing).
- いずれにせよ古写本が現存していない状況のため、論争に決着をつけるのは困難な状況である。
- Anyway, since there exists no old maniscript, it is difficult to settle this argument.
- そして、戦時色が濃くなった1942年(昭和17年)頃には模写作業は中断されてしまった。
- Then, the reproduction was interpreted in the military-charged period around 1942.
- 卒塔婆(そとば)とは、サンスクリット語の「ストゥーパ(stûpa)」からの音写である。
- Sotoba is the Japanese transliteration of the Sanskrit word 'stupa.'
- 「序」とか「波の部」と呼ばれ、箏で波が寄せ返す様、胡弓が和音で松風の音を描写している。
- It is referred to as 'jo' (prelude) or 'naminobu' (wave section), in which koto expresses waves coming and drawing, and kokyu expresses the sound of the wind through pines with chords.
- 生母櫛笥隆子の亡き後、光子内親王は寺を出ることはなく、経典の読謡や写経をして過ごした。
- Subsequent to the death of her real mother, Takako KUSHIGE, Imperial Princess Teruko remained in the temple, where she read aloud and copied sutras.
- 散木奇歌集(巻頭と奥書のみ藤原定家筆)1帖-平安時代の歌人源俊頼の家集(歌集)の写本。
- One section, a transcription (whose preface and colophon only were written by Teika) of the Sanmokuki kashu, the house poetry anthology of the Heian-period poet MINAMOTO no Toshiyori.
- 恵慶集(えぎょうしゅう)(藤原定家筆)1帖-平安時代の歌僧・恵慶の家集(歌集)の写本。
- One section of the Egyo Collection (transcribed by Teika), a written section of the house poetry anthology of Egyo, the Heian-period poet-monk.
- 新古今和歌集-鎌倉時代、文永11年(1274年) - 文永12年(1275年)の筆写。
- A Kamakura-period transcription (done in 1274-1275) of the Shin kokin wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Waka, usually called the Shin kokinshu).
- 池田亀鑑は諸本の研究の上、120種以上に及ぶ写本群から自筆本再構のために証本を選んだ。
- Kikan IKEDA chose the Shohon (premised book) among more than 120 versions of the manuscript in order to reconstruct the original work.
- 堺に住む隠遁僧である道巴の所持本を清原枝賢が書写したとの後記があるため堺本の名がある。
- The postscript says KIYOHARA no Shigekata/Edakata copied the book, whose owner was Doha, a secluded monk who lived in Sakai, and therefore the manuscript is called Sakaibon.
- 前者は昭和初期に焼失した香川家旧蔵本の写し、後者は毛利宗家へ献上されたものとみられる。
- The former was a copy of the manuscript that was owned by the Kagawa family before it was lost in an early Showa-era fire, while the latter seems to have been donated to the main branch of the Mori family.
- また写本のうち「高山寺本」は、「国郡部」の後に古代律令制下の駅(うまや)を記してある。
- Of the manuscripts concerned, the 'Kozan-ji Temple book' includes descriptions of the names of inn-concentrated places along roads in the ancient ritsuryo code-based system, after those of the 'province/county category.'
- 写真に写っているフィギュアのからかさ小僧は映画「妖怪百物語」に登場した典型的な姿である。
- The karakasa-kozo, shown in the picture, has a typical figure of the yokai that appeared in the film called 'the 100 Ghost Stories.'
- この冊子は、当時大量につくられた扇の地紙をそのまま写経用紙として転用した珍しい例である。
- They are unusual in that the sutras are copied onto paper which was produced in large amounts for fans.
- この間「遷幸の儀」「還幸の儀」ともに一切の照明および写真・ビデオの撮影は禁止されている。
- During both 'Senko-no-gi' and 'Kanko-no-gi,' turning on lights, taking photographs, and recording video tapes are prohibited.
- 菊五郎は絶望の淵に墜ちていく心理描写を卓抜した表現で演じ、現在の基本的な型をなっている。
- Kikugoro expressed Kanpei's desperation with exquisite skill, and his performance became the standard of the current style.
- 『増鏡』の写本のうち世良親王に「ヨヨシ」尊良親王に「タカヨシ」とふりがなしたものがある。
- In part of a written copy of Masukagami, the name of the Prince 世良 is accompanied by an instruction to read as 'yoyoshi,' and the name of prince 尊良 has an instruction to pronounce as 'takayoshi.'
- 妖怪や怪異をだまし絵のように描写することで、それらが人間の妄想であるかのように解釈する。
- As above, monsters and apparitions are drawn like illusionism, which is interpreted as human delusions.
- 旧訳ではサンスクリット原語あるいはその俗語形からの音写で、辟支仏(びゃくしぶつ)と訳す。
- Byakushibutsu (辟支仏) is an old translation, which was a transliteration of the original Sanskrit word or of its colloquial language form.
- 楷・行・草・写経用の1本ずつで、これを弘仁3年(812年)6月7日、嵯峨天皇に献上した。
- Each brush was made for Kaisho-tai, Gyosho-tai, Sosho-tai, and copying of a sutra, respectively and Kukai presented them to Emperor Saga on June 7, 812.
- また、ファンタン=ラトゥールの絵では遠近法と陰影、細部の描写により立体感を表現している。
- Moreover, Fantin-Latour created a feeling of solidity by using perspective and shading as well as the depiction of detail.
- 手事には、歌詞の情景を描写するものと、歌とは関係なく絶対音楽的に作られているものがある。
- There is a type of tegoto which is representative of the scenes depicted by words in a piece, as well as a type which is created as absolute music regardless of the words.
- 宗達の画を知らず、光琳の画が模写でなく独自に描かれたものとして考えていたと見られている。
- It is thought that he considered that Korin's painting was an original, not knowing about Sotatsu's work.
- 万葉への回帰と写生による短歌を提唱して根岸短歌会を起こし、伊藤左千夫・長塚節らを育てた。
- He advocated returning to the styles of the Manyoshu and composing tanka through portrayal, and started the Negishi Tanka Society, where new poets such as Sachio ITO and Takashi NAGATSUKA emerged from.
- この写本はに、土御門家から宮中に献上され、そのまま宮内庁書陵部に受け継がれたものである。
- This transcript was donated to the Imperial court by the Tsuchimikado family and was inherited by the Imperial Household Archives.
- また、京都大学図書館所蔵の写本には、付箋の形で本文とは異なる「天一治法」が記されている。
- Further, a slip explaining 'Tenichijiho,' which is different from what is explained in the text, is attached to the transcript possessed by The Kyoto University Library.
- 奥州藤原氏滅亡時、平泉には陸奥、出羽の省帳、田文などの行政文書の写しが多数あったという。
- It is said that there were many copies of administrative documents, such as shocho (account books or registers managed by central administrative offices) concerning Mutsu and Dewa Provinces and tabumi (registers of areas or ownerships of rice fields), left in Hiraizumi at the end of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- 現在、唯一客観的な書道の技量判定基準を持つ資格として、文部科学省後援の毛筆書写検定がある。
- At present, Brush Examinations supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology are the only objective qualification criteria to determine Shodo skills.
- 江戸初期の写本と見られ、恐らく最もその本来の姿を伝える良本であっただろうと評価されている。
- It is estimated that it was the shahon in early Edo period, and evaluated that it was probably the best book to tell the original text of 'Sarugaku dangi.'
- 呉人(野守)が自然に感謝する描写と思われることから、一連の石鼓の掉尾に置かれることが多い。
- The poems are estimated to describe the scenes of Wu-ren (field guards) thanking the nature and, therefore, this is placed at the tail of the series of pieces of sekko.
- この曲のクライマックス部分「玉ノ段」は、写実性にとみ、独立した仕舞としてもよく上演される。
- Tama no dan' (column of Tama), the climax of this play, is filled with realism and is frequently performed as an independent shimai (Noh dance in plain costume).
- 然しこの文書は写本であり、告文の裏面に校正したと但書きがあることから信憑性が疑われている。
- However, this is an uncertain theory because the document is in manuscript with a proviso on the back of the Imperial instruction stating that the contents were proofread.
- 芳年の錦絵は、背景まで写実的に細かく書き込まれ、文章部分と錦絵部分が明確に区分されていた。
- Nishiki-e prints by Honen were realistically painted in detail including even the background, and the portions for text and nishiki-e prints were clearly separated from each other.
- 1940年(昭和15年)からは、当時の一流の画家たちを動員して壁画の模写事業が開始された。
- The project to reproduce the murals by top artist painters at the time had been started since 1940.
- 伝本に古写本は無く、慶安四年片仮名本と寛文十年平仮名本が版本として刊行された流布本である。
- Among den-pon (existent transcriptions and published books), there is no old manuscript, as for block printing rufu-bon, there remain a katakana-bon (book in Japanese katakana character) published in 1651 and a hiragana-bon (book in Japanese hiragana character) published in 1670.
- が、1928年(昭和3年)に同協会の日本画部が解散してからはもっぱら古画の模写に没頭した。
- However, he deeply involved in the reproduction of ancient paintings after the Japanese painting department in the Kokuga Sosaku Kyokai was dissolved in 1928.
- 8月中旬以降になると、大勢の人たちが関わって曼荼羅や密教法具の製作、経典の書写が行われた。
- After the middle of September, together with many others, he was engaged in making mandalas and mikkyo hogu (Buddhist instruments of esoteric Buddhism), and in copying Buddhist scriptures.
- 当時発達しつつあった写真技術と印刷技術により、日本の様子が西洋に広く知られるようになった。
- Conditions in Japan became widely known in Western countries as a result of the photographic and printing technology that was being developed at that time.
- 19世紀後半からは写実主義が衰え、印象主義を経て抽象画などのモダニズムに至る変革が起きた。
- After the decline of realism in the latter half of the 19th century, there was a transformation to impressionism and then to modernism to which abstract paintings belonged.
- 写真の用語で、人物などの背景にフェンスや細い街路灯の柱などの「縦の線」が写ってしまうこと。
- In the technical terms of photography, 'yakitori' means having 'vertical lines' such as fences or thin poles of streetlights included in the background of a person in a photograph.
- ある日、思いいたって五部大乗経を写経し、和歌を添えて、都のあたりの寺に奉納することを願う。
- One day he thinks of copying the Five Volumes of Mahayana Sutras, and hopes to dedicate it with his waka poem to a temple near the capital.
- 近世以前に印刷されたものはほとんど仏典に限られ、そうでないものは写本によって流通していた。
- Most of the books printed before modern times were confined to Buddhist literature, and others were circulated in the form of manuscripts.
- マルグリット・ユルスナールは、『源氏物語』の人間性の描写を高く評価し、短編の続編を書いた。
- Marguerite YOURCENA wrote a short story as a sequel to 'The Tale of Genji,' based on her high assessment of humanity as displayed in the work.
- 当初は、正岡子規によって提唱された、歌の手段、方法としての「写生」の提唱がその根本にある。
- The fundamentals of Shakai-ei were originally based in literary sketch as a tool of means and a method of composing poems advocated by Shiki MASAOKA.
- その他にも、書紀古写本に見られる声点付きの傍訓は何らかの由緒ある説に基づくものと見られる。
- In addition to this, it seems that the bokun (kana (Japanese syllabary)) with shoten in old manuscripts of Shoki were based on any historic theory.
- 古写本には、興福寺本、来迎院本、真福寺本大須観音、前田家本、金剛三味院(高野山本)がある。
- The old manuscripts include the Kofuku-ji Temple manuscript, Raigo-in Temple manuscript, the Shinpuku-ji Temple manuscript Osu kannon, Maeda family manuscript and Kongo Zanmi-in Temple (Koyasan manuscript).
- 武田氏は宗家が滅亡しているため家伝文書が散逸しており写本や影印本のみで知られるものも多い。
- As the head family of the Takeda clan was already extinguished, many of its ancestral documents were scattered and lost and only their manuscripts or eiinbon (a reproduction of a manuscript) are in existence.
- 語学に於いては、刊行されたキリシタン版だけではなく、写本類をも範疇として研究がなされている。
- In terms of language, in addition to Kirishitan-ban that was published, manuscripts were also included in the target of study.
- 昭和37年(1962年)、上野市の旧家より「上嶋家文書(江戸時代末期の写本)」が発見された。
- In 1962, 'kamijima-ke bunsho (Documents of the Kamijima family)(a manuscript copied in the end of the Edo period) ' was found at an old household in Ueno city.
- 猿楽の持っていた物まね・道化的な要素を発展させたものであり、せりふも含め写実的表現が目立つ。
- In addition, Kyogen performances including lines contain lots of realistic expressions, because Kyogen was derived from Sarugaku by sophisticating its comical and mimic elements.
- 栖鳳は狩野派や西洋画の写実画法などを積極的に取り入れ、再び四条派の画風を変えることになった。
- He adopted the technique of realism from the Kano school and Western paintings willingly and changed the painting style of the Shijo school again.
- そのような状況を反映して、優美なものから個性的意思的な傾向を示し、華麗な装飾写本が盛行した。
- Reflecting this situation, individualistic and decisive, rather than graceful things came to be favored, and gorgeous and decorative copies were made widely.
- 昭和の補写本2冊を除く37帖が、付属の後奈良天皇宸翰女房奉書1幅と共に国宝に指定されている。
- 37 books other than two books drawn in the Showa era are designated as a national treasure together with a scroll of 'Imperial letter of the Emperor Gonara nyobo hosho' ('nyobo hosho' is a letter sent by the Court ladies by imperial order).
- このことは字を模写する人間や彫る職人の腕に、直接模刻の出来がかかっていることを意味している。
- This means that how well the mokoku is conducted directly depends on skills of those who copy and engrave characters.
- また代官、目明し、同心、小者など役職、屋台など風俗については厳密な考証なしに描写されている。
- Positions such as daikan (local governor), meakashi (hired thief-catcher), doshin (policeman) and komono (lower servant) and everyday items such food stalls are depicted based on information collected without a rigorous study of historical evidence.
- 焼損前の写真を見ると、比較的保存状態はよいが、薬師如来像の顔面や肉身が変色して黒ずんでいた。
- Examined the photograph before the fire damage, it was preserved in relatively good condition, however, the color of the face and body of Yakushi Nyorai zo (image of Yakushi Nyorai) had darkened.
- 1927(昭和2)年、大正15年の徴集兵により、立川の近衛飛行第5連隊に入隊、写真科に編入。
- In 1927, he joined Konoe hiko dai 5 rentai (the Fifth Regiment of Imperial Guards aviation) according to the order for calling up in 1926 and assigned to the photograph department.
- 浮世絵師は写真に対抗し、工夫したが多くのものが失敗し、挿絵画家などへの転向を余儀なくされた。
- Ukiyoe artists exercised their ingenuity against photographs, mostly in vain, and were forced to become illustrators and so on.
- なお、古写本を多く伝えてきた土蔵「御文庫(おぶんこ)」は、天明の火災を免れたものと思われる。
- Moreover, the storehouse, or 'obunko' (library), filled with the many old manuscripts that the family continued to pass down, is thought to have avoided the Great Tenmei Fire.
- 高野切(こうやぎれ)は、平安時代後期、11世紀に書写された『古今和歌集』の写本の通称である。
- Koya-gire is the popular name for the incomplete manuscript of the 'Kokin wakashu' (collection of ancient and modern waka poems, usually known as Kokinshu in English) that was transcribed in the eleventh century, near the end of the Heian period.
- そこで藤原定家はそれらを原典に近い形に戻そうとして整理したものが「青表紙本」系の写本である。
- Therefore, FUJIWARA no Sadaie tried to recover the original form and made a classification, which brought forth manuscripts of the 'Aobyoshibon' line.
- 古写本には題名の記されていないものも多く、記されている場合でもさまざまなものが記されている。
- Many old manuscripts don't have titles, and even if they do, they are different.
- 『真福寺本』は名古屋市の真福寺に伝わるもので、1099年に書き写したという意味の奥書がある。
- 'Shinpukuji bon' has been handed down by the Shinpuku-ji Temple in Nagoya City, and it bears a postscript stating that it was transcribed in 1099.
- 登場人物たちの心理を克明に観察し、精緻な描写によって定着させてゆく独特な手法が特徴的である。
- The story is characteristic in the sense that it uses a unique technique of establishing the characters by precise observation and exquisite depiction of their mentalities.
- 昭和50年代には、村木道彦・小池光・阿木津英など、風俗・実生活を繊細に描写する歌人が現れた。
- From the mid-70's to the mid-80's, there appeared poets such as Michihiko MURAKI, Hikaru KOIKE, and Ei AKITSU, with their delicate expressions of everyday realities.
- その他の写本はすべて卜部本系統に属し、祖本は卜部兼永自筆本(上中下3巻。室町後期写)である。
- All other manuscripts belong to the Urabe-bon group, and the basic book of the popular edition was written by Kanenaga Urabe in his own handwriting (composed of Volume1, 2, and 3. copied during the latter half of the Muromachi period).
- 御朱印の起源には諸説あるが、元々は寺社に写経を納めた際の受付印であったとする説が有力である。
- Although there are many theories about the origin of goshuin, the most powerful theory is that it was used as a seal of reception when sutra copies were submitted to temples.
- 斜め上方から見下ろした俯瞰描写が多くみられ、「吹抜屋台」「引目鉤鼻」の手法が用いられている。
- The portrayal through a view from the upper right is common, and methods of 'Fukinuke yatai' (a compositional technique used to depict a residential interior, which involves rendering a building without a roof and ceiling so that the viewer looks inside from above) and 'hikime-kagihana' (drawn-line eyes and a hook-shaped nose) are used.
- 本書は、奥書によれば、鎌倉時代初期のに、安倍泰際 (あべ やすきわ) が書写したものである。
- According to its okugaki, this book was transcribed by ABE no Yasukiwa in the early Kamakura period.
- 大橋立と小橋立は可動橋で結ばれ(右写真手前の陸と砂嘴の間)、その下を遊覧船など小型船が通る。
- Daitenkyo and Shotenkyo are connected by a drawbridge (in the picture on the right, between the land in the foreground and the sand spit), below which tour boats and other small boats pass.
- 朋誠堂喜三二、山東京伝らの黄表紙・洒落本、喜多川歌麿や東洲斎写楽の浮世絵などの出版で知られる。
- He is known for publishing 'kibyoshi' (illustrated books of popular fiction whose covers are yellow) and 'sharebon' (gay-quarter novelettes) by Kisanji HOSEIDO, Kyoden SANTO and so on, and 'ukiyoe' (Japanese woodblock prints) by Utamaro KITAGAWA and Sharaku TOSHUSAI.
- 次第に市内の花街の元置屋や近隣の写真館などもサービスを行うようになるなど、広がりを見せている。
- Gradually, since former Okiya houses (a tea house and lodging house where maiko and geisha live) in Hanamachi (geisha districts in Kyoto) and neighborhood photo studios began to offer the same services, the services have been spreading.
- 軍談 - 講談に欠かせないのが修羅場(しらば)で、これは武士の合戦の模様を描写したものである。
- Gundan: Essential for kodan, shiraba (dreadful scene) depicts battles fought by samurai.
- 然し、この文書は写本であり、告文の裏面に校正したと但書きがあることから信憑性を疑うむきもある。
- However, this is uncertain because the document is a manuscript with a proviso on the back stating that the contents were corrected.
- これ以降、昔の書蹟を模写し法帖化するには、模刻が必ず用いられるというほどに普及することになる。
- Since then, mokoku had become so popular that old works were always copied with this method when creating hojo.
- (犯人を推理する展開を描写の中心とする『捕物帳』ものに付いては小説の執筆や映画公開が許された)
- (Detective novels and films were allowed, as their main theme was solving a mystery.)
- 樹木、岩などの独特の形態、徹底した細部描写など、狩野派の絵師の中では異色の個性的な画風をもつ。
- He had a distinctive painting style unique among painters of the Kanoha group, such as distinct shapes of trees and rocks, as well as the completeness of detail.
- さらに同年の月刊誌「現代」4月号の巻頭で、室生犀星の詩「光」と共に文明の写真が掲載されている。
- In addition, the April issue of monthly magazine 'Gendai' carried a photo of Fumiaki on its opening page along with a poem titled 'Light' of Saisei MUROO in the same year.
- 仏光寺了源への多数の聖教書写を初め、関東や陸奥国・近江国・備後国などで多くの布教活動を行った。
- He transcribed many religious scriptures for Ryogen of Bukko-ji Temple, and did many propagation activities in Kanto, Mutsu Province, Omi Province, Bingo Province and so on.
- 本稿の写真では天日で干しているが、その時間も短時間で、干したあと1時間程度で直ぐに販売される。
- The photograph accompanying this article shows fish drying in the sun, but they remain in the sun for a very brief period and approximately one hour after being dried, the fish will be available to sell.
- 寛政7年、禁令のため財産を没収された版元蔦屋重三郎が起死回生を狙い、東洲斎写楽が売り出される。
- In 1795, a Hanmoto (publisher) called Juzaburo TSUTAYA, whose assets had been confiscated due to his breaking a ban, introduced Sharaku TOSHUSAI as a revival measure.
- この日記は宮内庁書陵部所蔵の桂宮蔵書に含まれていた桂宮本(後代―江戸時代前期の写本)のみ現存。
- The only existing version of this diary is the Katsura no Miya text (a manuscript written in 後代 - the early Edo period)included in the Katsura no Miya collection owned by the Imperial Household Archives.
- 本阿弥切(ほんあみぎれ)は、12世紀初め頃の書写と推定される『古今和歌集』の写本の通称である。
- Honamigire is a nickname for the manuscript of 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), which is assumed to have been transcribed at the beginning of the twelfth century.
- この自筆本と、後に藤原頼長が書写させた古写本が、陽明文庫に伝わり、ともに国宝に指定されている。
- This manuscript in his own hand, together with an old manuscript copied later by the order of FUJIWARA no Yorinaga, have been handed down in the Yomei bunko, and both are designated as national treasures.
- 私記は現存しないが、現存『弘仁私記』および一部の書紀古写本に「養老説」として引用の形で見える。
- The private records do not exist now, but are cited as 'the Yoro theory' in the existing 'Koninshiki' and some old manuscripts of Shoki.
- もともと中国で拓本が生まれたのは、碑文を写し取るためだったので比較的濃く採るのを基本としていた。
- Since an engraved print was originally born in China to copy down an inscription on a stone monument, basically print was relatively-dark.
- なお、「白鯨」には、ある捕鯨船員の特殊な嗜好としてではあるが大型鯨のステーキを食べる描写もある。
- In 'Moby Dick' there is also a scene which describes particular taste of a sailor on a whaling ship, and the sailor eat a steak of a large-whale.
- 重森 弘淹(しげもり こうえん、1926年7月27日 - 1992年10月13日)は写真評論家。
- Koen SHIGEMORI (July 27, 1926 - October 13, 1992) was a photography critic.
- 焼損前の写真を見ても、西日が当たる位置にあったためか、全体に剥落が激しく、図様がはっきりしない。
- Seen from the photograph before the fire damage, the design is unclear due to the severe falling of the mural in whole, possibly by exposure to the afternoon sun.
- この間、1935年(昭和10年)には京都の美術書出版社である便利堂が壁画の原寸大写真を撮影した。
- Meanwhile it was known that Benrido, an Art book publisher in Kyoto, had taken full-scale (exact sized) photographs of the murals in 1935.
- 盂蘭盆は、サンスクリットの「ウランバナ」の音写語で、古くは「烏藍婆拏」「烏藍婆那」と音写された。
- Urabon (盂蘭盆) is a transcription of 'ullambana,' a Sanskrit word, which was also transcribed as '烏藍婆拏' or '烏藍婆那' in olden times.
- 70歳を越えた老僧が老眼鏡も無い時代に苦労して書写した写本であり、解読に困難な文字が少なくない。
- As a monk more than 70 years-old labored to make this manuscript in an age without reading glasses, there are quite a few letters that are hard to decipher.
- 文保本は中巻のみの端本であるが、文保2年(1318年)年書写の奥書を持つ、現存最古の写本である。
- Although Bunpobon is an incomplete set consisting of only the second volume, it has a colophon that dates it to 1318 and is the oldest manuscript in existence.
- 『古今和歌集』の平安時代の古写本として高野切と並び貴重なものであり、書道史上も重要な作品である。
- As well as Koya-gire (fragments of the Kokin Wakashu), it is a valuable old manuscript of 'Kokin Wakashu' which was made during the Heian period, and an important work in the history of calligraphy.
- 簾中抄(れんちゅうしょう)1帖-平安時代の歌人藤原資隆が著した故実書『簾中抄』の鎌倉時代の写本。
- One section of the Renchusho, a Kamakura-period transcription of the book on ancient customs originally written by the Heian-period poet FUJIWARA no Suketaka.
- そのため当時は筆写の際にかなり自由に文の追加・改訂が行われるのがむしろ一般的であったと見られる。
- Because of this, it seems to have been common that additions and revisions were freely made when the text was copied in those days.
- ともあれ、逸話の記載も多く、かつ孤高の英才政治家の栄達と失脚の記として官界の実態を活写している。
- To return to the subject, with many anecdotes, 'Taiki' is a document of the height and downfall of a lone and gifted politician that gave us a racy description of the government of the time.
- ただし『箋注倭名類聚抄』は下にも書く通り明治時代刊なので、それまでは写本による流布が主であった。
- However, 'Senchu wamyo ruijusho' was published in the Meiji period as described below, and until then, its manuscripts were mostly available.
- 具体的には、瀬戸焼、美濃焼や唐津焼の職人とその技法をベースとして高麗茶碗の写しなどが作られている。
- Specifically, Seto-yaki (Seto pottery), Mino-yaki (Mino pottery), and Karatsu-yaki (Karatsu pottery) craftsmen made copies of Goryeo tea bowls, taking advantage of their techniques.
- 以上のように情景描写に使われる事が多いが、「野崎詣り」などでは舟が移動するなどの擬音に用いられる。
- Thus, background music is often used to represent emotional landscapes though it can be used to simulate sounds of various objects like a moving ship in 'Pilgrimage to Nozaki.'
- また、團十郎は殺害前の立ち回りを竹本の浄瑠璃を廃して柔術をありのままに演じる写実的な演出に変えた。
- In addition, he incorporated 'jujutsu' (a soft stylg of Japanese martial art) to make the play more realistic instead of 'Takemoto Joruri' in the fight scene before Chobei is killed.
- この後、連合国総司令官のマッカーサー元帥と昭和天皇が並んで写っている写真(右)が新聞に掲載された。
- After this, a photograph with Generall MACARTHUR, the Commander for the Allied Powers, and Emperor Showa standing side by side (at right) was placed in the newspapers.
- 海上保安庁の前身である旧水路部 (日本海軍)が明治初期に海図を作製する目的で模写したものだという。
- They were replicated by the department of navy channel, Empire of Japan (the predecessor of Japan Coast Guard) in the early Meiji period for the purpose of making sea charts.
- 天平勝宝9年(757年)3月25日の孝謙天皇宣命の転写が正倉院文書・正集第44巻に収めされている。
- A copy of Empress Koken's Senmyo of April 22, 757, is included in Shoso-in Monjo (documents of Shoso-in Treasure Repository) Shoshu volume 44.
- 着手された模写についても、橋本班担当の9、11号壁、中村班担当の1号壁などは未完成に終わっている。
- Also among the walls started reproduction, No. 9 and No. 11 walls attended to by the Hashimoto group and the No. 1 wall by the Nakamura group were not completed.
- 最も古い写本は『南宗頓教最上大乘摩訶般若波羅蜜經六祖惠能大師於韶州大梵寺施法壇經』と名づけられる。
- The oldest copy is called '南宗頓教最上大乘摩訶般若波羅蜜經六祖惠能大師於韶州大梵寺施法壇經'.
- また、新刀、新々刀期を通して、志津写しが人気だったため、大磨上のものにはよくよく注意が必要である。
- Copies of shizu were popular throughout the period from the new sword to the very new sword, therefore, a great deal of attention should be paid to the sword with major grind up.
- そのために花月楼とよばれる八畳敷きに一間床の広間が好まれ、江戸をはじめ各地に写しの茶室が造られた。
- As a consequence, a larger room consisting of 8 tatami mats and a toko (a little alcove) that is 1.8 m referred to as Kagetsuro became popular which was reproduced in various locations including Edo.
- その表現に富む描写などが北野天満宮の『北野天神縁起』に似通った点もあり、藤原信実筆とつたえられる。
- Since expressive descriptions are somewhat similar to 'Kitano Tenjin Engi' (an illustrated history of Kitano shrine) of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine, it is believed that the painter was FUJIWARA no Nobuzane.
- なお、『栄花物語』と一部文章が全く同じであり、同物語のあとがきには日記から筆写した旨記されている。
- A part of 'Eiga Monogatari' (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes) contains exactly the same writing as the diary, and in its afterword the author writes that part of the tale was transcribed from the diary.
- 少女ヌードの写真家として知られる清岡純子はこの家の出身である(父は大正天皇の侍従だった清岡長言)。
- The photographer of female nudity, Junko KIYOOKA, is from this family (her father was Nagakoto KIYOOKA, a jiju (chamberlain of Emperor Taisho).
- 前述のように観世流らしき描写があり、また内弟子を取っていることから、観世流の職分家の一つと思われる。
- As mentioned above, there are descriptions which imply the Kanze-ryu school, a family who takes private pupils, so it is possible to infer that it is one of the occupational branch families of the Kanze-ryu school.
- 10世紀末ごろの書写と見られる日本の書道史草仮名の遺品であり、『小野道風秋萩帖』の系統に代表される。
- This can be found in texts copied in the Sogana style of calligraphy at the end of the 10th century and are represented by texts descended from ONO no Michikaze's 'Akihagi-jo.'
- 釜の種類としては、写真にあるような羽釜式の鉄釜の他に、土鍋型の陶器の益子焼、高田焼もよく用いられる。
- Regarding types of kama (a cooking pot for rice), besides iron pots of hagama style (old type of pot for a hearth) as shown in the picture, earthware pots like Mashiko-yaki or Koda-yaki are also often used.
- 欽明天皇13年(552年)、漢字と同様に朝鮮半島を経て仏教(大乗仏教)が伝来し、仏典の書写が始まる。
- In 552, the era of Emperor Kinmei, Buddhism (Mahayana Buddhism) was brought to Japan via the Korean peninsula as Chinese characters were, and Buddhist scriptures came to be copied.
- 同年9月、福宝堂、吉沢商店、M・パテー商会との4社合併で「日本活動写真株式会社」(日活)を設立した。
- In September of the same year, the company established 'Japan Moving Picture Co., Ltd.' (Nikkatsu) as a result of consolidation of four companies including Fukuhodo, Yoshizawa Shoten, and M. Pathe Company.
- 長尾の助監督村田武俊、高松豊次郎の「活動写真資料研究会」の俳優兼監督井上麗三にも1本監督させている。
- Moreover, Makino used Taketoshi MURATA who had been an assistant director of Nagao, and Reizo INOUE, who was an actor and film director at Katsudo Shashin Shiryo Kenkyukai established by Toyojiro TAKAMATSU, each to direct one film.
- 単なる自然描写や心情の吐露の域を脱し、純音楽として高踏的な芸術性を発揮している曲も決して少なくない。
- There are many pieces that demonstrate Parnassian artistry in the form of pure music, having transcended the simple illustration of nature or the effusion of emotions.
- ましてや現代刀工による鎌倉期の写しが国宝に指定されているなどというまことしやかな噂は荒唐無稽である。
- A glossy rumor about an imitation sword created by a sword craftsman that today is designated as a national treasure, is absolutely ridiculous.
- 素性集(唐紙)1帖-素性の家集(個人歌集)の平安時代末期の写本で、色変わりの装飾料紙に書かれている。
- One section of the Sosei Collection (the 'toshi' or 'Chinese paper' version), a late Heian-period transcription of Sosei's personal house poetry anthology that was written on variously colored ornamental writing paper.
- 素性集(色紙)1帖-素性の家集(個人歌集)の平安時代末期の写本で、色変わりの装飾料紙に書かれている。
- One section of the Sosei Collection (the 'iroshi' or 'colored paper' version), a late Heian-period transcription of Sosei's personal house poetry anthology that was written on variously colored ornamental writing paper.
- これらの書写が経済的に不安定だった三条西家の糊口をしのぐ手段でもあった(三条西家の経済状態も参照)。
- The Sanjonishi family, who were in financial straits, managed to make a living by making these copies of the classics. (See also financial situation of the Sanjonishi family.)
- 歌舞伎、歌舞伎舞踊に似てるが、やや写実的になり、ベースは肌色寄りになり、アイメークも若干控えめになる。
- The makeup of Jidaigeki (period drama) is similar to Kabuki and Kabuki Buyo, but it is a little more realistic with the base being closer to natural skin color as well as eye makeup that is more modest.
- しかし姿を変えても水辺に写った姿は牛鬼のままであり、これによって牛鬼の正体を見破ることができるという。
- They believed, however, her reflection on the surface of the water remained Ushioni even after transformation, which helped people find out that she was Ushioni.
- 歌舞伎のファンの中には楽屋に絹本を持ち込んで、役者に隈取を写し取ってもらってコレクションする人もいる。
- Some Kabuki fans bring kempon (a painting or calligraphy executed on silk) to the back stage and make actors to copy their own kumadori and make it into their collection.
- これに伴い写経が盛んになり、また高麗の僧、曇徴が紙や墨の製法を伝えたことにより、書道は急速に発展する。
- Then Buddhist scriptures were copied widely, and additionally because Damjing, a priest in Goryeo, brought to Japan the methods of manufacturing paper and ink sticks, calligraphy developed rapidly.
- 京都出身の入江と、関東から来た他の3名との間には、模写方法の違いだけでなく、何かと対立があったという。
- Irie from Kyoto, and the other three artists from Kanto, seemed to have disputes over not only the reproducing method, but many other issues.
- 模写方法は、便利堂が撮影した原寸大写真を和紙に薄くコロタイプ印刷したものに彩色をしていく方法であった。
- In the reproduction method, the full sized photograph taken by Benrido was collotyped lightly on washi (traditional Japanese paper) to be colored.
- 経典は紙に写経された紙本経である場合が多いが、粘土板や銅版、礫石、瓦、貝殻などが用いられることもある。
- Scriptures were mostly copied onto paper, but occasionally onto clay tablets, copper plates, small stones, root tiles, or shells.
- 現存のものは、真宗高田派専修寺蔵の顕智による写本(永仁元年〈1293年〉10月6日書写)が最古のもの。
- The oldest extant manuscript is the transcription of Kenchi, collection of Senju-ji Temple of the Takada school of the Jodo Shinshu (copied on November 12, 1293).
- またフリーデータとして、干支など年賀状用のイラストや写真画像を入手できるウェブサイトも多数開設される。
- Many websites are also opened offering free illustrations and pictures of zodiac animals, etc., for nengajo.
- インターネットでパッケージの写真が広く告知できるようになったことが、盛り上がりの理由として考えられる。
- The reason for the enthusiasm is considered to be the Internet which allows extensive picture advertising of the packages.
- 伝書(でんしょ、傳書)とは、日本の芸道などにおいて芸術や武術の流派の奥義や秘伝を記した写本や本である。
- Densho (books on the esoterica - also written as 傳書) is a manuscript or book of secret techniques of schools of Japanese art and martial arts.
- また、名古屋にはわかこうじ、大阪に井上陽一、手廻し映写機で上映と活弁をする小崎泰嗣などが活動している。
- Other active katsudo benshi include Koji WAKA in Nagoya, Yoichi INOUE and Taiji KOSAKI in Osaka who narrates movies while rolling the hand projector.
- 農家においては祭り、結婚式、葬式、等特別な場合のみお歯黒を付けた(童話ごんぎつねにもその描写がある)。
- Farmers blacken their teeth only on special occasions such as festivals, weddings, funerals and so on (this is also depicted in the children's tale called 'Gon the Fox').
- また写景でなく、自然の景趣を写そうとするものも現われ、作庭者の主観の強い造形的、装飾的な庭園となった。
- And there were some landscapers who did not copy of scenery, but embodied the taste of natural scenery in their gardens, and they became plastic and decorative gardens filled with subjectivity.
- ただし、奈良時代に入り平城宮の東院の庭園は海景、流水など、水辺の景色を石を使って描写したものであった。
- However, in the Nara period, the garden at East Palace of Heijo Imperial Palace has seascape scenery, streams, etc. expressed with stones.
- 毛利本には1596年(文禄5年)3月11日付けの大徳寺の宝叔宗珍の書写奥書があり、毛利藩に伝えられた。
- The Moribon has a hand written colophon dated March 11, 1596 by Hoshuku Sochin of the Daitoku-ji Temple, and it was handed down in the Mori clan.
- また『河海抄』には藤原行成が書いた『源氏物語』の写本に藤原道長が書き加えたとする伝承が記録されている。
- Additionally, 'Kakai-sho Commentary' says that FUJIWARA no Michinaga made an addition to the manuscript of 'The Tale of Genji,' by FUJIWARA no Yukinari/Koze.
- 各帖より1ないし3場面を選んで絵画化し、その絵に対応する物語本文を書写した「詞書」を各図の前に添えた。
- One to three scenes were chosen from each chapter and pictorialized, to which 'Kotobagaki' (notes) are attached copying texts of the story that correspond the pictures.
- 成立年は明らかにされていないが、原本は当然現存せず、最古の写本は天正年間(安土桃山時代)のものである。
- The year of completion is unknown, and of course the original manuscript is not extant; the oldest manuscript was made during the Tensho era (Azuchi-Momoyama period).
- 筋は多くの説話がそうであるように素朴で多義的であり、複雑な構成や詳細な描写には乏しい単純なものが多い。
- The plots are simple and ambiguous, as many Setsuwa (anecdotes) are, and many are simple, lacking complicated composition and detailed descriptions.
- この間の和歌の取り交わしと、この恋愛に関する和泉式部のありのままの心情描写が本作品の大きな特色である。
- The characteristic features of this work are the exchanges of waka and the expression of Izumi Shikibu's honest feelings toward her lover.
- このため十巻本の写本には、しばしば下総本系の本を参照し、朱でその校異を書き入れているものも少なくない。
- Therefore, in not a few 10-volume book manuscripts, Shimosa book-related manuscripts are often referred to and corrections are written in red ink.
- 全1巻(ただし、現存する古写本及び『続群書類従』に採録されたものには冒頭部分と中途部分に欠落がある)。
- One volume (however, some portions are missing from the top and middle parts of the remaining old manuscript and the one that was compiled in 'Zoku Gunsho Ruiju').
- 4コマ漫画での「オチ」は、どの場面を指し、どのような描写であるか、一義的に定まるものではないといえよう。
- It can be said that 'ochi' in four-frame comics cannot be defined unambiguously in pointing out which frame or what kind of depiction is the one.
- 日本では食用のイメージが強いせいか花のことはあまり知られていないが、写真のようにきれいな黄色い花がつく。
- The plant produces beautiful yellow flowers as seen in the photograph, which is not commonly known in Japan perhaps for the fact that the people mostly considers it as food.
- 阿修羅(あしゅら、あすら、サンスクリット語:asuraの音写、意訳:非天)は八部衆に属する仏教の守護神。
- Ashura (the transcription of asura in Sanskrit with the meaning of non-heaven) is a guardian god of Hachi Bushu (or Eight Legions, Protectors of Buddhist Teachings) in Buddhism.
- 1940年から始まった前回の模写の時と違い、今回は法隆寺の現場ではなく、各自のアトリエで制作が行われた。
- Unlike the previous reproduction since 1940, this reproduction was worked in artist's own studios, not the site of the Horyu-ji Temple.
- 1940年(昭和15年)から始まった壁画の模写は、以下の4名の画家がそれぞれ数名の助手を率いて担当した。
- The following four painters handled the mural reproduction started in 1940, with some assistants respectively.
- 結局、模写は日本画で行うことになったが、それとは別に和田英作は個人として油絵での模写を行うことになった。
- Subsequently, the reproduction was performed in the Japanese traditional painting method; Eisaku WADA individually started to reproduce the mural in a western oil tradition.
- また写真家土門拳は1967年東大寺修二会を撮影し、翌年、平凡社「太陽」1月号に特集記事として掲載された。
- The photographer Ken DOMON photographed Shuni-e in Todai-ji Temple in 1967 and next year the photographs appeared on the feature article in January issue of the magazine 'Taiyo (the sun)' by Heibonsha Limited, Publishers.
- 日本人形(にほんにんぎょう)とは、和服を着、日本髪を結った、日本の伝統的な風俗を写した人形の総称である。
- Japanese doll is the general term for dolls which have Japanese clothes and hairstyles and reflect traditional Japanese culture.
- さて、前漢から五経博士たちが使っていた五経の写本は、漢代通行の隷書体に書き写されていて今文経といわれる。
- The manuscripts of the Five Classics used by the Gokyo hakase since former Han was copied in reisho-tai (clerical script), which was in use during the Han period, and was called Kinbun-kei.
- 光琳の模写も傑作の部類に属するが、上記の相違点により、「宗達の画のほうが迫力がある」という観覧者が多い。
- Although Korin's reproduction is a masterpiece, many viewers think that Sotatsu's work is more powerful because of the differences mentioned above.
- なお鎌倉時代後期にさかのぼるとみられる古写本一種類の断簡が数点知られるが、本文は書陵部本と差異が大きい。
- Although several fragments of an old manuscript exist that are believed to date from the late Kamakura period, the text is strikingly different from the Imperial Household Archive version.
- 水戸徳川家による『大日本史』の史料探索中、延宝年間に金沢文庫本を発見し、10冊に書写して世間に流布した。
- While the Mito Tokugawa family was searching for historical materials in 'Dainihon shi' (Great History of Japan) during the Enpo era, the chronicle was found in the Kanazawa library and they made ten copies of the manuscript, which were put into circulation.
- また、筆写の際に文の追加・改訂が行われ、書き間違い、錯簡も多く、鎌倉時代には21種の版があったとされる。
- Also, when it was copied certain additions and revisions were made; consequently, there were many mistakes in writing and pages out of order due to an error in binding, and there were 21 different versions of the manuscript during the Kamakura period.
- 九大本の方が善本と認められ、正元 (日本)2年(1260年)以降、遅くとも室町時代中期までに書写された。
- The one belonging to Kyushu University (Kyudai-bon) is regarded as the complete text, which was copied by hand sometime after 1260, by the middle of the Muromachi period at the latest.
- なお十巻本の写本の中でも「下総本」とそれに連なる系統の本は、他の本と異なる記述を持つなど異質の本である。
- Of the 10-volume manuscripts, 'Shimosa book' is unique because the contents of it and of the books related to it are quite different from those of other 10-volume books.
- 役柄にもよるが、時代劇より、更に写実的な感じ、しかし、舞台の場合は全般的にやはりかなり厚化粧の感じになる。
- The makeup used in contemporary dramas varies depending on the role, and although it looks far more realistic than what is used in Jidaigeki, a consirable amount of atsugesho is generally applied when performances are on a stage.
- 文政8年、書家であった中村仏庵が種彦本を書写したもので、松井簡治がかつて所蔵したことから松井本の名がある。
- Matsuibon was copied by Butsuan NAKAMURA, a calligrapher, from Tanehikobon and was named after the owner, Kanji MATSUI..
- 法隆寺の聖徳太子絵伝にその初期の例を見ることができ、源氏物語絵巻、扇面古写経の下絵の人物などが好例である。
- Early examples of hikime-kagibana can be found in the Shotokutaishi-Eden (Illustrated Biography of Prince Shotoku) in Horyu-ji Temple; good examples include persons in the Genji Monogatari Emaki (the Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji) and in the designs of the Senmen Koshakyo (Ancient Sutra Manuscripts on a Fan).
- 蕪村から学んだ文人画(南画)を基礎とし、応挙の写生画風を取り入れ、独自の形で発展させ、四条派を作り上げる。
- He rather took the realism of Okyo in his own style and developed it uniquely on the basis of literati painting (Nanga) learned from Buson and built up the Shijo school.
- つづいて仏教が伝来し飛鳥時代の聖徳太子、奈良時代の聖武天皇によって写経が盛行し、日本の書は急速に発展する。
- Then Buddhism was brought to Japan, and promoted by Prince Shotoku during the Asuka period and by Emperor Shomu during the Nara period, sutras were copied widely, making calligraphy in Japan develop rapidly.
- しかしこの方法も手で写していることには変わりないため、やがてもっと効率のよい方法が求められるようになった。
- A copy, however, still needed to be made by hand even with this method, so a more efficient method was sought later on.
- 模写事業は第二次世界大戦をはさんで戦後も続けられたが、1949年(昭和24年)、不審火によって金堂が炎上。
- The reproduction project continued through World War II and after, but the Kondo was burnt in a suspicious fire in 1949.
- 科学的保存方法の検討とは別に、壁画の現状模写を制作することになり、当時の代表的な日本画家4名が分担された。
- Separated from the examination of the scientific preservation method, the murals were planned to be reproduced in their present condition and the four top ranking Japanese art painters at that time were assigned to.
- 平安時代後期には抄本が流布していたとされ、最古の写本である保延年間のものは、類聚国史から本文を補っている。
- It is said that abridged manuscripts were circulating in the late Heian period, and that the oldest of these (from the Hoen era) was supplemented by using text from Ruiju Kokushi (Classified National History).
- これを最初の書写と同じ形式で書き写させて全47帖とし、その目次も兼ねて年譜1帖を書き下ろし全48帖とした。
- He ordered copies of them to be made in the same format as the first copied book and made 47 volumes in total, and then wrote a volume of chronology and a contents table, creating 48 volumes in total.
- Hiroaki had these volumes transcribed in the same format as the previously transcribed volumes to create a complete 47-volume set plus an additional contents and chronology volume to make 48 volumes.
- ただし、その写本も定家自筆のものは4帖しか現存せず、それ以降も異本が増え室町時代には百数十種類にも及んだ。
- However, only four chapters of the work in Sadaie's own handwriting have survived, and the number of variant texts continued to increase, reaching more than 100 during the Muromachi period.
- そのため、池田亀鑑は当初河内本系統の写本を元に学術的な校本を作ろうとし、一度は完成間近まで作業は進行した。
- So, at first, Kikan IKEDA tried to make an academic variorum edition based on the Kawachi-bon line manuscripts, and the work was about to be finished once.
- 京都大学附属図書館所蔵の写本の奥書によると、晴明が『占事略决』を撰したのは“天元六年”(983年)である。
- According to the okugaki (postscript) of the transcript possessed by The Kyoto University Library, Seimei compiled 'Senji ryakketsu' in 983.
- また紀宮清子内親王(現黒田清子)並びに敬宮愛子内親王が着袴の儀で横目扇を使用している写真が公開されている。
- There are also published photographs in which cross-grained fans are used by Imperial Princess Norinomiya Sayako (present-day Sayako KURODA) and Toshinomiya Imperial Princess Aiko at the ceremony of chakko (ceremony of first-time wearing of a hakama).
- 特に各県に設置されている教員養成系の教育学部では書写教育・書道教育の研究室が置かれ、専門教育が施されている。
- Especially in the education department for teacher training, set in each prefecture, a laboratory for Shosha and Shodo education is available to give specialized education.
- 模写作業は狭い金堂の中の狭い足場の上で行われる困難な作業で、なかなか進捗しない上に、手当もきわめて安かった。
- The reproduction was not only tough and lumbering task in the narrow scaffoldings in the cramped Kondo but also was extremely low-paid.
- サンスクリット語の dhyaana の音写である「禅」と、その意訳した「定」の複合語で、三昧と同義語である。
- It is the compound term of 'zen,' a transcription of Sanskrit dhyaana, and its free translation 'jo,' which has the same meaning as zanmai.
- それらは現在の形になる以前に模写された模本により、描かれた当時、あるいはその中間の形を推定することができる。
- By the copies and fragmentary leaves that are left today, the originals drawn at the time or intermediate works can be presumed.
- 最後に、15歳の藤原忠実(師実の孫)が春日大社の祭礼に奉仕する姿を描写して藤原一族の栄華を寿ぎ終了している。
- Finally, it celebrates the Fujiwara family's prospects by describing 15-year-old FUJIWARA no Tadazane's (Morozane's grandson) serving at a festival at the Kasuga-taisha shrine, and the story ends.
- 上方歌舞伎の伝統にのっとって、型を意識しない写実的な芸風が特徴で、身ごなしや風情に独特の艶のある役者であった。
- Based on traditions of Kamigata Kabuki, his characteristics were realistic art without sticking to the patterns and he was an actor who had unique charm in his carriage and taste (elegance).
- 我々がそんな「二王」の書蹟を知ることが出来るのは、この模刻によって累々と書蹟が伝写されて来たからに他ならない。
- It was nothing more or less than the mokoku that allowed handwriting of 'the two kings' to be copied repeatedly and passed down to subsequent generations so that we can appreciate the works.
- 「鬼平犯科帳」は奉行ものであるが、勧善懲悪よりもドラマ性や風俗描写を重視しており、下記の文芸ものの要素が高い。
- Onihe Hankacho' (Onihei's records of criminal incidents) is a magistrate story, but has elements of a literary drama and rather than the principle of rewarding good and punishing evil, pays greater attention to the storyline and the description of people's lifestyles at the time.
- 当時の日本ではカラーフィルムが普及していなかったため、フィルターを用いた4色分解によるカラー写真が撮影された。
- Because color film was not well circulated in Japan during this period, Benrido needed to use filters in a four color separation process, to create the photographs.
- 書写された経典を「写経」と呼ぶのに対して、北宋代以降に盛行した木版印刷による経典の方は「刊経」と呼ばれている。
- Whereas copied Buddhist scriptures are called shakyo, Buddhist scriptures that are created as woodblock prints are called kankyo and kankyo became popular in the Northern Sung Dynasty and afterwards.
- 悟りを開いた者を「buddha ブッダ」といい、漢字で音写し「仏陀」「仏」としたり、「覚者」と意訳したりする。
- The person who attained enlightenment is called 'Buddha,' a name that was transliterated into Kanji; it is pronounced 'Buddha' or 'Butsu' and is also paraphrased as 'the enlightened one, Kakusha.'
- 平安時代後期にさかのぼる日本霊異記の古写本で、同書の中・下巻の現存最古本として、日本文学史上貴重なものである。
- These are precious documents for the history of Japanese literature, as the oldest existing manuscripts of the second and third volumes of the Nihon Ryoiki, which was written in the late Heian period.
- 南宋代になって、北宋の都である開封の繁栄したさまを記した『東京夢華録』にも、中元節に賑わう様が描写されている。
- The liveliness of the chugen-setsu event was also depicted in 'Tokeimukaroku' which was written in the Southern Sung period and which described the prosperous state of Kaifeng, the capital of Northern Song.
- 一般には写真のように三毛猫であるが、近年では、地の色が伝統的な白や赤、黒の他に、ピンクや青、金色のものもある。
- Generally, a maneki-neko depicts a calico cat as shown in the photograph, but in recent years there have been not only traditional maneki-neko in white, red or black but also ones in pink, blue or gold.
- 走馬灯、走馬燈(そうまとう)とは内外二重の枠を持ち、影絵が回転しながら写るように細工された灯籠(灯篭)の一種。
- Somato is a kind of a garden lantern, which is crafted to show a revolving shadow picture with its inside and outside frames.
- 日本画家や西洋画家、彫刻家の他、金工や陶工、漆工といった諸工芸作家に加えて、刀工と写真家なども認定されている。
- The people certified as Teishitsu Gigeiin included Japanese-style painters, Western-style painters, sculptors, metalworkers, potters, lacquerers, swordsmiths, photographers, and so on.
- 鳥の子紙は、主に詠草(えいそう)料紙(りょうし)や写経料紙(りょうし)に用いられ、時には公文書にも使用された。
- The paper of torinoko had been mainly used as ryoshi (paper for writing) for eiso (paper on which a tanka or a haikai is written) and hand-copying of sutras, and sometimes used for official documents.
- 戦乱を反映した無残絵、戦争絵も歓迎されたが、やがて浮世絵は、新聞、写真など他のメディアに押されて衰退していく。
- Muzan-e (atrocity prints) and Senso-e (prints of war, or battle scenes), were well received, but Ukiyoe eventually began to decline, losing ground to other media such as newspapers, photographs, etc.
- それを作者の自らの解釈を交えながら、乱による荒廃した都、その哀惜や悲嘆、乱の原因から戦闘場面に移る克明な描写。
- It depicts in vivid detail the devastated capital and the grieves and laments of war, from the causes to the scenes of fighting, while mixing in the author's own interpretations.
- 1291(正応4)年に京都祇園の長楽寺の兼胤という僧が72歳の時に書写した東寺観智院旧蔵本が最古の写本である。
- The earliest manuscript is the one once belonging to To-ji Temple, Kanchiin, which was hand-copied in 1291 by Kenin of Choraku-ji Temple in Gion, Kyoto, at the age of 72.
- 『大須観音本』と『楊守敬旧蔵本』の二つの写本があるが、いずれも冒頭部分が失われており、本来の題名はわからない。
- Two manuscripts are extant, the 'Osukannon bon' and the 'Yang Shoujing kyuzobon' (so named because it was once owned by Yang Shoujing), but the beginning sections of both manuscripts have been lost, and consequently, the original titles cannot be verified.
- 写本の表紙の表題は『紫日記』とあり、内容にも紫式部の名の記載ははなく、いつから『紫式部日記』とされたかは不明。
- The title on the cover of the manuscript says 'Murasaki Diary,' but the diary does not contain the author's name, Murasaki Shikibu, so it is unknown since when it has been called 'The Murasaki Shikibu Diary.'
- 写真などでは木造の橋と思われがちだが、実際は本体は鉄筋コンクリート製(欄干のみ木製)で、車の通行も可能である。
- The bridge looks like a wooden bridge in photographs, but, its main body has a structure of reinforced concrete (only parapets are made of wood), and it is a practicable bridge also for cars.
- なお、この立花家本が実山により筆写されたのは元禄3年(1690年)のことであり、これは利休没後100年に当たる。
- The Tachibana book was made by Jitsuzan in 1690, the 100th anniversary of Rikyu's death.
- エログロ描写で当時大ヒットした石井輝男監督の「徳川女系図」(1968)などのピンク映画には女相撲シーンがあった。
- Women's sumo wrestling scenes were screened in various pink-eiga (blue films) including a hit movie 'Tokugawa Onna Keizu' (1968) by director Teruo ISHII that became a blockbuster due to its erotic and grotesque depictions.
- なお兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科にも同様な博士課程(教育学)があるが、書写教育のみを専門に扱っている。
- Moreover, the Joint Graduate School in the Sciences of School Education in Graduate School of Hyogo University of Teacher Education also has a doctor's course (education), but specializes in Shosha education only.
- モダンダンス、ジャズダンス、コンテンポラリー・ダンス等の化粧もバレエに似てるが、バレエよりは写実的な感じになる。
- Makeup used in modern dance, jazz dance, contemporary dance, etc. resembles that of the ballet but looks more realistic.
- これ以前は当時の写真をみればわかるとおり、立会いの距離制限がなく頭と頭をつけた状態から開始されることも多かった。
- As pictures from those days show, the distance between two wrestlers was not designated at a tachiai before starting lines were set up, and two wrestlers had a tachiai with their foreheads touching each other in many matches.
- こうした撮影活動の末、入江は写真集『お水取り』昭和43年三彩社、『東大寺とお水取り』昭和56年集英社を刊行する。
- After such photographing, IRIE published the photo album called 'Omizutori' by Sansaisha (publishing company) in 1968 and the one 'Todaiji Temple and Omizutori' by Shueisha Inc. in 1981.
- この他、幕末から明治時代にかけての写真や浮世絵に、2歳から12歳くらいの少女が、眉を剃ってるものをよく見かける。
- Other examples of shaving eyebrows are often seen in pictures and ukiyoe prints depicting girls from around age 2 to 12 produced from the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period.
- また、千鳥の曲の手事における自然描写は、古い時代の抽象的なものよりも自由で、どちらかといえば印象的な作りである。
- The description of nature in tegoto of Chidori no Kyoku is freer and rather impressive than abstract ones in older ages.
- 右田弘詮は、1501年(文亀元)頃、その写本42帖を手に入れることが出来、数人の筆生を雇い書き写させて秘蔵した。
- Hiroaki MIGITA could get 42 volumes of the copied manuscript around 1501, and hired a few amanuenses to make copies which he treasured.
- このため現在ある諸写本を調べていけば何らかの一つの本文にたどり着くのかどうかさえ議論に決着がつかない状態である。
- People therefore question whether, if some existent manuscripts are studied closely, a single text will be found out nor not.
- 現在、本書の写本は、九条元公爵家本(鎌倉時代初期、重要文化財)が天理図書館に、久松本が京都大学に所蔵されている。
- The Kujo Moto Koshakuke Bon manuscript (early Kamakura period; Important Cultural Property) is held by the Tenri Central Library and the Hisamatsu Bon manuscript is held by Kyoto University.
- すでに教育に必要な書物は整備されつつあったが、教科書の書写は負担が大きく、教科書の日本での出版の必要性を報告した。
- Improvements in the books necessary for education had already been started, but he reported on the necessity to publish textbooks in Japan because of the heavy task of transcribing the textbooks by hand.
- 模刻(もこく)とは、書道において、書蹟を石や木に模写して彫りつけ、保存・鑑賞・学書用の書蹟「法帖」を制作すること。
- Mokoku (模刻) is a calligraphic term meaning to create a 'hojo' (copybook printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy) by reproducing and engraving handwriting on a piece of stone or wood, for the purpose of preservation, appreciation, and learning.
- 山本東次郎家が武家式楽の伝統を今に残す古風で剛直な芸風なのに対して、茂山千五郎家は写実的で親しみやすい芸風である。
- The style of performance in the Tojiro YAMAMOTO family is antique and upright, inheriting the tradition of 'buke shikigaku' (dance and music performed in the official place of Buke [samurai family]), while that in the Sengoro SHIGEYAMA family is realistic and easy to understand.
- 演出こそ、新内や竹本を用いるなど旧来の歌舞伎狂言そのものであるが、人物の性格や心理描写などに近代的な点が見られる。
- Although it is performed in the traditional Kabuki kyogen style, such as using shinnai and takemoto, one can also observe some modern tastes in it such as in the personalities of the characters and the depiction of their psychology.
- これはポジのガラス乾板で軍扇に収められており、複写したものを小坂家末裔の小坂憲次氏より、阿弥陀寺に寄進されている。
- It was the photographic positive in on a dry glass plate kept in the military style fan, a copy of the photograph was given to Amida-ji Temple by Kenji KOSAKA who is a descendant of the Kosaka family.
- この時代の写経の遺品は東大寺戒壇院に伝来した『宸翰賢愚経』(けんぐきょう、伝聖武天皇宸翰)をはじめ数多く現存する。
- Many sutras copied during this period remain, including 'Shinkan-kengu-kyo'which came down to Kaidan-in of Todai-ji temple (kengu-kyo said copied by Emperor Shomu himself).
- 越後小千谷の描写には鈴木牧之『北越雪譜』の原稿が参照されており、同地で行われる牛の角突きが作中に取り込まれている。
- The text of 'Hokuetsuseppu'by Bokushi SUZUKI is referenced in the description of Ojiya, Echigo Province and there is a scene of ushi no tsunotsuki (bullfighting) which actually takes place there.
- また、亡くなった家族や知人の供養のために、生前に書き残した手紙などを漉返紙や紙背文書として用いて写経する例がある。
- There were also instances where people copied Buddhist scriptures on sukigaeshi gami (paper made from dissolved old paper) and as shihai monjo (an old document which was written on the other side of a piece of used paper) made of remaining letters that had been written by deceased family members and friends in order to hold a religious service for them.
- 左上の絵は19世紀中頃の写実主義のフランスの画家、アンリ・ファンタン=ラトゥールの『テーブルの隅』という絵である。
- The picture shown in the upper left is entitled 'Corner of the table' and was painted by Henri Fantin-Latour, a French realism painter of the mid-19th century.
- 隠居しても、当代の法主が出張で不在の場合や体調不良等で代理で法要の導師を務めたり、本尊を書写したりする場合もある。
- The hossu in inkyo may play the role of the incumbent archbishop and work as the head priest at the time of a Buddhist sermon or make a copy of the principal image of the temple when the incumbent is absent because of a trip or illness.
- 絵入源氏物語、湖月抄などの江戸時代の版本はこの写本の系統の本文に近く、源氏物語の解釈などには大きな影響力を持った。
- Books printed from engraved wood in Edo period such as The Tale of Genji with illustrations, Kogetsu-sho Commentary, and so on were close to the text derived from this manuscript, having a big influence on interpretation of The Tale of Genji.
- 以上のように、第一の本妻に対しては、好色な老女として厳しく批判されているが、その分生き生きとした描写になっている。
- As mentioned above, the first lawful wife was described as a lecherous woman, which makes the work lively.
- これに対し、最高裁は、京都市公安条例は合憲であると判断し、巡査による写真撮影が違憲・違法なものではないと判断した。
- In response, the Supreme Court judged that Kyoto City Ordinance was not in violation of the Constitution and the police officer's act was not in violation of the Constitution.
- 『升色紙』(ますしきし)は、清原深養父の歌集を書写した冊子本であったが、後に分割され、料紙の升の形からこの名がある。
- 'Masu-shikishi' was a booklet containing copies of a collection of KIYOHARA no Fukayabu's poems which was later divided and given this name due to the square shape of the paper.
- 重要美術品等認定物件については、第二次大戦後の混乱期に所在不明となったもの、写真やデータの残っていないもの等も多い。
- Many of the objects which had been accredited as an important art object were lost in the post-World War II chaos, for which no details such as photographs have been saved.
- 壺井栄の小説『二十四の瞳』に描写されるようにそれは目の覚めるような銀色をしており、またメンテナンスの容易さもあった。
- The lunchbox was bright silver as described in the novel 'Twenty-Four Eyes Trailer' written by Sakae TSUBOI, and furthermore maintenance was easy.
- そのため、以下では主として後に紹介する現存最古の写本「諸本・第1類」の半井本系統に即して物語の内容についてまとめる。
- Therefore, the contents of the tale mentioned here are mainly based on the Nakaraibon line, being the oldest existent manuscript 'Variant texts; Class 1,' which will be introduced later.
- そして、そのどれが元の形なのかわからない状況であり、良質の青表紙系の本文を保存した古写本は存在しないといわれてきた。
- It was hard to tell which manuscript was the original, and it had been said that there was no old manuscript which preserved good texts from the Aobyoshi-bon line manuscripts.
- しかしこれがただの断片の混入なのか、意図的に置かれたものなのか、あるいは写本時の書きさしなのかについては不明である。
- However, whether it is just a placed fragment, inserted intentionally or added at transcription, is unknown.
- 東京の加賀豊三郎所蔵本から、白井光太郎が1916年(大正5年)に写本を作らせたものであることから白井本とも呼ばれる。
- Because Kotaro SHIRAI ordered to make it from the book Saburo KAGA of Tokyo had in 1916, it is called 'Shirai-bon' (Shirai's Book).
- 司馬遼太郎の竜馬がゆくの中で、坂本竜馬の妻・お龍がつま弾く描写がある(現在の知名度の高さはそれによるところが大きい)。
- In 'Ryoma ga iku' (Ryoma goes) by Ryotaro SHIBA, there is a description in which Ryoma SAKAMOTO's wife Oryo plays (Mostly because of this book, gekkin is well-known today).
- 書写年も未詳であるが、『継色紙』が10世紀半ばから11世紀前半、『寸松庵色紙』と『升色紙』が11世紀後半とされている。
- The time of their writing is also unknown, though the 'Tsugi-shikishi' is believed to be from the mid-10th century to the first half of the 11th century and the 'Sunshoan Shikishi' and 'Masu-shikishi' from the second half of the 11th century.
- 日本の義務教育では、国語科の書写として小学3年生以上の授業では毛筆により指導されることが学習指導要領で定められている。
- Compulsory education in Japan defined by the Education Ministry guidelines is to instruct Shodo by brush in lessons for the third grade or more of elementary school as Shosha (copy of calligraphy) of the Japanese language subject.
- 明治時代には岡倉天心の指導を受けた日本美術院系統の画家によって多くの古い仏画の模写が行われ、また新しい仏画が描かれた。
- In the Meiji period many old Buddha paintings were reproduced by painters of the Nihon Bijitsuin (The Japan Art Institute) under the direction of Tenshin OKAKURA and also new Buddhist paintings were made.
- 狩猟を描写した詩が刻まれており、当時の狩猟をはじめとする王の暮らしがわかる文献資料 (歴史学)の一つに位置づけられる。
- There is inscribed a poem describing scenes of hunting and, therefore, sekkobun is positioned as one of the literature materials (for the historical science) from which the daily living of the king in those days including the hunting is known.
- 能の『田村』の一説に「鬼神は 黒雲鉄火を ふらしつゝ」という文言があり、鬼神が黒雲を纏い火花を散らす描写になっている。
- In a passage of a noh play 'Tamura,' there is a line which describes 'Kijin (a fierce god) enveloped in dark clouds, throwing off sparks.'
- しかし、その石や木自体を製作する過程で、一度原本から文字を模写する必要があるし、さらにその文字を彫らなければならない。
- In the process of making the piece of stone or wood itself, however, original characters once need to be copied and the copied characters need to be engraved.
- X線写真によれば、本体側面に縦の矧ぎ目があり、一木で制作した像をいったん前後に割り放し、内刳りを施したものと見られる。
- Since an X-ray image shows a vertical seam on the side of main body, it is assumed that the statue, which was originally made of a single tree, was split into two at the back and belly and then hollowed.
- ただし、4班のうちで入江班だけはこの方法を取らず、「上げ写し法」と呼ばれる伝統的な模写技法をかたくなに守って制作した。
- Among the four groups, only Irie group worked on the traditional method of reproduction called 'Ageutsushiho method' consistently, not employing the method.
- もちろん事実と異なる創作ではあるものの、浄土真宗の教義では加持祈祷を否定しており、作中の描写はそれに反するものである。
- Surely it is a fiction and different from the facts and in the creed of Jodo Shinshu, incantation and prayer are denied, the descriptions in the novel are contrary to this.
- 詞章が、単なる歌ではなく、劇中人物の台詞やその仕草、演技の描写をも含むものであるために、語り口が叙事的な力強さを持つ。
- Because a verse isn't merely a song but also includes the words, gestures and actions of the characters in a play, the dayu's narration sounds strong, something like the objective description of events.
- 中国の水墨画が写実表現の追求から自発的に始まったものであるのに対し、日本の水墨画は中国画の受容から始まったものである。
- While Suiboku-ga in China originated from pursuit of realism autonomously, Suiboku-ga in Japan began from the acceptance of Chinese paintings.
- 21世紀になるとデジタルカメラで撮った写真入りの年賀状を家庭のパソコンとプリンターで作成・印刷するスタイルが定着した。
- In the 21st century, it has become common to create and print New Year's postcards with pictures taken by a digital camera, using a personal computer and printer at home.
- 高野切の筆者は古来紀貫之(882-946)と伝承されてきたが、実際は貫之の時代より1世紀ほど後の11世紀の書写である。
- Tradition has it that the Koya-gire was transcribed by KI no Tsurayuki (882-946), but in actuality the transcription dates from the eleventh century, more than 100 years after Tsurayuki's time.
- またほぼ全巻にわたって数多くの補筆や訂正の跡が見られるが、その内容は「河内本」系統の写本に基づくと見られるものが多い。
- Also, many traces of additions and revisions can be recognized in most volumes but the contents mostly seem to be based on the 'Kawachibon' line.
- 他にも記紀の時代の歌謡には、奈良の薬師寺の仏足石歌碑に刻まれた歌、平安時代中期に書写された和琴の譜本『琴歌譜』がある。
- The other ballads in the same period were of the kind inscribed on the monument of Bussokusekika in Yakushi-ji Temple in Nara and 'Kinkafu,' which was a book on the Wagon (a Japanese string instrument, also called the Yamatogoto, that consisted of a flat, shallow sound box with six strings, much like a zither), was copied in the middle of the Heian period.
- 俘囚である安倍氏 (奥州)・出羽清原氏が源氏と対等な武士として、短いが力強く描写されている初期軍記物語の代表作である。
- It is a representative early war chronicle which the Abe clan (Mutsu Province) who were fushu (northern barbarians) and the Dewa Kiyohara clan were compared to the Minamoto clan by depicting them as warriors who were short in stature but strong.
- 5月に北条実時が出来上がったばかりの源親行所有の河内本原本を借用して能筆家に書写させ金沢文庫に入れたものとされている。
- In June 1258, it is said that Sanetoki HOJO lent the original Kawachibon owned by MINAMOTO no Chikayuki right after it had been completed, had a writer copy it, and put it in Kanesawa bunko.
- 元禄年間に早くも複数の系統が成立していることが、多くの写本の奥書から知られ、貴重な資料として喜ばれた様子が見て取れる。
- The colophons of many manuscripts show the fact that several lines had already appeared in the Genroku era, and it can be understood that the book was prized as precious source material.
- 先代元広・長俊の没後、やや退転していた流儀の勢いを旧日に服すべく、伝書・謡本・型付の書写を旺盛に行ったことでも知られる。
- He is known for his active copying densho (books on esoterica), utai-bon (singing texts) and kata tsuke (choreography) in odor to restore the influence of his school of Noh which had a little declined after the death of his last predecessor Nagatoshi.
- このころの描写は、長谷川時雨の『旧聞日本橋 勝川花菊の一生』や、萩原朔太郎の『日清戦争異聞(原田重吉の夢)』等に詳しい。
- Situations around this time were described in details by 'Kyubun Nihonbashi Katsukawa Hanagiku no Issho' (Old story of the life of Hanagiku KATSUKAWA of Nihonbashi) by Shigure HASEGAWA and 'Nisshin Senso Ibun' (Harada Jukichi no Yume) (Another Story of the Sino-Japanese War - Jukichi HARADA's dream) by Sakutaro OGIWARA.
- 1人で物語を語るのが基本で、情景描写から始まり多くの登場人物を語り分けるが、長い作品では途中で別の太夫と交代して務める。
- Basically one tayu chants the whole story, describing scenery and performing many characters, but in a long story he may be replaced by another tayu in the midst of the performance.
- また、1907年(明治40年)から1931年(昭和6年)頃にかけて鈴木空如という画家も模写を行っている(模写は個人蔵)。
- A painter, Kunyo SUZUKI, also reproduced the murals from 1907 to around 1931 (The reproductions are in the private collection).
- 一説には、それが近世に書写山側から遊行上人に託され、現在清浄光寺に眠るともいわれるが、真偽のほどは明らかとなっていない。
- According to one theory, they were consigned to Yugyo Shonin in the early-modern times and currently stay in Shojoko-ji Temple, but it may or may not be true.
- 中国天台山から延暦寺に対し中国で散逸した天台教籍の書写送付の依頼があり、953年(天暦7年)その送使として呉越へ渡った。
- Responding to a request by a temple in Mt. Tendai, China for Enryaku-ji Temple to send a hand-written copy of Tendai Kyoshaku (doctrine book) which had been dispersed and lost in China, he went across the sea to Goetsu (Wuyue) as Soshi (delivering envoy) in 953.
- 一方、欧米諸国では浮世絵は、印象派の巨匠たちに見出されて高く評価され、その作品に影響を与え、油絵による模写もされている。
- On the other hand, in Western countries Ukiyoe were found and highly appreciated by the great masters of the Impressionist school, whose works were influenced by Ukiyoe, and they were even reproduced in oil paintings.
- 「古今集」証本の書写をはじめ、子の慶運や九州の赤橋英時・大友貞宗らに家説を伝授相伝するなど、二条流歌学の保持に尽くした。
- He served for maintaining the study of Nijo School's poetry, teaching family traditions as well as shohon (premised book) of the 'Kokin shu' (abbreviation for Kokin Wakashu - A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) to his son, Unkei, and those who were from the Kyushu District such as Hidetoki AKAHASHI and Sadamune OTOMO.
- 「枕草紙」「枕冊子」「枕双紙」「春曙抄」とも表記され、最古の鎌倉時代の写本前田本の蒔絵の箱には『清少納言枕草子』とある。
- The title was also written using Chinese characters such as '枕草紙' (Makurazoshi Notebook), '枕冊子' (Makura Sasshi), '枕双紙' (Makura soshi), and '春曙抄' (Shunsho-sho Commentary), and the oldest manuscript (called 'maedabon' in Japanese), a copy of which was made in the Kamakura period, has a gold-lacquered casket with the Chinese characters '清少納言枕草子' (Sei Shonagon, The Pillow Book) written on it.
- 平成に入って最大の衝撃は、正岡子規以来の写生を受け継ぐ「アララギ」の終刊(1997年12月)とアララギ派の分裂であろう。
- The biggest surprises thus far in the Heisei period were most likely the end of 'Araragi,' which had been continuing the concept of shasei (portrayal) since the days of Shiki MASAOKA (on December 1997), and the break-up of the Araragi school.
- 最古の写本は、安倍晴明から11代後の子孫である安倍泰統 (あべ たいとう) が、鎌倉時代に書写した尊経閣文庫蔵本である。
- The oldest existent transcript is the book possessed by Sonkeikaku-bunko (a library of the Kaga Maeda family), which was transcribed by ABE no Taito, the 11th generation descendant of ABE no Seimei, in the Kamakura period.
- 巡査による写真撮影を見た被告人は、巡査に対し「どこのカメラマンか」と抗議したが、巡査は被告人の抗議をことさらに無視した。
- When the defendant saw that the police officer was photographing, he protested to the police officer ''who are you photographing for?'' but he was ignored.
- 「大日本古文書」によると、天平8年(736年)の5月、すでに斎宮になっていた姉の井上内親王のために写経をおこなっている。
- According to the Dai Nihon Komonjo (Old Documents of Japan), he performed copying of a sutra in June 736 for his elder sister, Imperial Princess Inoe who had already become Saigu (Imperial Princess appointed to serve the deities of the Ise-jingu Shrine).
- 転写を重ねた本ではあるが、同7年に、種彦本を渋江抽斎から借りて、それを元に校正をしており、種彦本の復原に有用とされている。
- It is the book copied many times, but it is considered useful because in 1854 Harumura borrowed Tanehikobon from Chusai SHIBUE and proof-read his version based on it.
- 録音や活動写真そして印刷技術などの発達による新しいメディアの出現もあり、文化・情報の伝播がいっそう促進された時代でもある。
- The propagation of culture and information was further promoted in this period, which was partially due to the introduction of new media along with the development of technologies in the fields of audio recording, moving-pictures and printing.
- この書は三十六歌仙の和歌を能書20人が分担して書写したが、筆者が明らかなのは藤原道子、藤原定実、藤原定信の3人だけである。
- This calligraphic work includes waka poems by thirty-six master poets that were copied by twenty calligraphic experts, but only three names; FUJIWARA no Michiko, FUJIWARA no Sadazane, and FUJIWARA no Sadanobu are known.
- この建物入口に「唐破風」(記事冒頭部、子宝湯頭写真中央の曲線形の庇)もしくは「破風」が正面につく建築様式を『宮型』という。
- The architectural style under which 'karahafu' (cusped gable) (the curved eave in the center of the photo of Kodakara-yu at the start of the article) or a gable is attached at the front of the entrance of the building implies that it is 'shrine-shaped.'
- 2005年からは光沢感がありインクジェットプリンターの印刷に適したインクジェット写真用年賀はがきが発行されるようになった。
- Since 2005, glossy New Year's postcards suitable for ink-jet printing have been sold.
- 風雅集においてその純度は一層高く、繊細な自然観照と深沈な心境の描写を本領とし、南北朝の乱世に生きる人々の感慨を映している。
- Fuga shu, however, is more intense, and its distinctive characters are contemplation of delicate nature and description of calm mind, which reflect the deep emotions of those who lived in the turbulent age of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 模刻は紙に書かれた書蹟を保存する時に行われるもので、石や木に原本の文字を精巧に模写し、これをたがねやのみによって彫りつける。
- The mokoku is a way to preserve handwriting written on paper by making exact copy of original characters on a piece of stone or wood and then engraving the copied characters with gads and chisels.
- 清楽で使う楽器は、月琴、唐琵琶、清笛、吶(チャルメラ)、三弦子、胡琴など各種の「擦絃楽器」、などであった(右の写真を参照)。
- The instruments used in Shingaku included various kinds of string instruments, such as 'gekkin' (Moon guitar), 'karabiwa' (Chinese lute), 'shinteki' (Qing flute), 'charamela' (Suona), 'sangenshi' (three-stringed Chinese instrument played with fingers) and 'kokin' (Chinese string instrument played with a bow) (cf. the right photograph).
- 戦後、表章が携わった岩波文庫版『申楽談儀』、『世阿弥 禅竹』所収の本文では、各写本を参照し、原文を復原する試みを行っている。
- After the World War II, in 'Sarugaku dangi' and 'Zeami and Zenchiku' of the Iwanami bunko version, the attempt to restore the original text was made, referring to each manuscript.
- 1934年東京美術倶楽部で、春峯庵なる旧家の所蔵品という触れ込みで東洲斎写楽、喜多川歌麿などの肉筆浮世絵の入札会が開かれた。
- In 1934, there was a public auction at Tokyo Art Club for inviting the bids for the hand-painted Ukiyo-e owned by a good old family called Shunpoan, whose art works were claimed to be produced by Sharaku TOSHUSAI or Utamaro KITAGAWA.
- また、特殊な技法として、墨を水面に流した上に松脂を滴して、墨を水面に散らしこれを紙に写し取る、「墨流し」という技法もあった。
- In addition, there was another method called 'suminagashi,' to disperse floating sumi by dropping resin on the water surface and print it on a paper.
- 副本は第8代蓮如の時代に2本が模写され、1本は正本と共に西本願寺蔵、1本は東本願寺に蔵され、国の重要文化財に指定されている。
- Two duplicates were produced in the age of Rennyo, who was the eighth head priest, and one was owned by the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple together with the original and the other was owned by the Higashi Hongan-ji Temple and designated as important national cultural property.
- 勅撰和歌集 12帖、9冊、12紙-冷泉家に伝わる『古今和歌集』から『続後撰和歌集』までの勅撰和歌集の写本を一括指定したもの。
- Twelve sections, nine books, and twelve sheets of the Chokusen wakashu (Imperial waka anthology), which includes transcriptions of Imperial waka anthologies all the way from the 'Kokinshu' handed down in the Reizei family to the 'Zoku gosen wakashu' (Later Imperial Waka Anthology, Continued).
- 文学に優れ能筆家でもあった実隆は、『源氏物語』『伊勢物語』『古今和歌集』をはじめとする古典の書写や講読にも多く関わっていた。
- Sanetaka, who was excellent in literature and a good calligrapher, got involved in transcribing and reading the classics such as 'The Tale of Genji,' 'The Tale of Ise,' and 'Kokin Wakashu' (Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
- 成立経過が錯綜しており、写本の中には記事が混乱しているものもあるが、唯一の信頼すべき浮世絵師伝集で、浮世絵研究の出発点をなす。
- Although this document has such a complicated compilation process that some articles in written copies are somewhat incorrect, this is still the only trustworthy collection of ukiyo-e artist biographies, and this book is regarded as a jumping-off point of ukiyo-e research.
- 清楽の歌詞は中国語で、江戸時代の日本人は、南方の中国語の発音をカタカナで写し(当時、これを「唐音」と言った)、そのまま唱った。
- The song's words were written in Chinese, so Japanese during the Edo period noted down the pronunciation of the southern Chinese in 'Katakana' (a square form of 'kana' [Japanese syllabaries]) - the notes were called 'toon' at that time - and they sang according to these notes.
- 扇面法華経冊子(せんめんほけきょうさっし)または扇面古写経(せんめんこしゃきょう)は、大阪市・四天王寺に伝来した装飾経の遺品。
- The Senmen Hokekyo Sasshi or Senmen Koshakyo is a collection of fan-shaped articles decorated with sutras that has been passed down by Shitenno-ji Temple in Osaka.
- 引目鉤鼻(ひきめかぎばな)は、平安時代、鎌倉時代の大和絵、風俗画におけるヒトの顔の眼および鼻の類型的、様式的な描写技法である。
- Hikime-kagibana is a typological and stylized description technique for the eyes and nose of a person's face, used in the Yamato-e paintings (traditional Japanese style painting of the late Heian and Kamakura periods dealing with Japanese themes) and fuzokuga (pictures of manners and customs) during the Heian and Kamakura periods.
- 「沿海輿地全図」の名の通り、国防上の事業として行われたため、本図は海岸線の描写が中心であり、内陸部に関しては空白も少なくない。
- As can be seen from the name 'Enkaiyochi Zenzu' this complete map is focused on depiction of the coastlines and has some blank parts as to internal regions because it was made for the operations of the national defense.
- アクテオン号が持ち帰った伊能小図の写しはその後も英国海軍水路部で所有され、現在ではグリニッジの国立海事博物館に保管されている。
- A copy of the Ino small maps brought back by the Acteon was possessed by the department of navy channel, the Royal Navy and now is kept at the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich.
- その後1967年(昭和42年)に至って、法隆寺の発願、朝日新聞社の後援であらためて模写壁画を制作して壁にはめ込むことになった。
- Later in 1967, by the request of the Horyu-ji Temple and backup of the Asahi Shinbun (newspaper) Company, another reproduction of the murals to install onto the blank walls was arranged.
- しかしながら、ただそのまま写すのではなく、その段階で既に道元の思想から若干の変更が加えられていることが研究の結果分かっている。
- However, research has revealed that he did not simply copy these dialogues but made slight modifications based on his own philosophy when copying them.
- たとえばフィンセント・ファン・ゴッホによる歌川広重の『名所江戸百景』の模写やクロード・モネの着物を着た少女が非常に有名である。
- Famous examples include Vincent Van Gogh's copy of Hiroshige UTAGAWA's 'Meisho Edo Hyakkei' (100 selections of scenic views in Edo [old Tokyo]) and Claude Monet's painting of a girl wearing a kimono.
- 月岡芳年は繊細で写生を重視した絵柄で無惨絵ばかりでなく数多くの歴史画、風俗画をてがけ、「最後の浮世絵師」と呼ばれるようになる。
- Yoshitoshi TSUKIOKA, with his delicate, sketching-oriented patterns, drew not only Muzan-e but also many Rekishiga (historical paintings) and Fuzokuga, and came to be called 'The last Ukiyoe artist.'
- 一澤帆布時代にはブランド品として若者に人気を集め、写真、登山、地質調査などの機材運搬用のかばんとしても根強い支持を受けてきた。
- In the time of Ichizawa Hanpu, they were popular among young people as brandname products, and have remained very popular as bags to carry equipment for photography, mountain climbing, or geological research.
- 物語としての虚構の秀逸、心理描写の巧みさ、筋立ての巧緻、あるいはその文章の美と美意識の鋭さから日本文学史上最高の傑作とされる。
- It is considered to be the supreme masterpiece in the history of Japanese literature due to its excellence of fictional structure, psychological description and plot, as well as its beautiful writing and delicate sense of beauty.
- 例えば「青表紙本」系統の写本の中で最も良質な本文であるとされ、現在多くの校訂本の底本に採用されている飛鳥井雅康筆の「大島本」。
- For example, 'Oshimabon,' which was handwritten by Masayasu ASUKAI, is considered to have the best quality of all the manuscripts of the 'Aobyoshibon' line and is still used today as the original text for many revised books.
- 後に、子規の言う「写生」は、客観と主観のそれぞれの立場からの見解の対立、結社の中の立場としての対立など様々な形の対立を生んだ。
- The 'literary sketch' which Shiki advocated subsequently caused various divisions, including the difference of opinions based on the objective and subjective perspectives, in addition to the conflicts resulting from the different viewpoints within an association.
- この写本は、江戸時代初期のに、安倍家の当主であった安倍泰福(あべ やすとみ)によって、加賀藩の藩主であった前田氏に献上された。
- This transcript was presented to the Maeda clan, which was the lord of the Kaga domain, by the head of Abe family Yasutomi Abe in the early Edo Period.
- また、写本との比較により、キリシタン版の日本語ローマ字本は整理された規範的表記であり音韻の実態と離れていることも明らかにされた。
- In addition, a comparison with a transcript clarified that the Japanese-based Roman script version of Jesuit Mission Press of Kirishitan-ban was described in an organized and prescriptive manner, and that it departed from the actual phenomenon.
- 視覚的報道メディアとして、またゴシップ・ジャーナリズムの媒体として、のちの写真週刊誌やテレビのワイドショーにも通ずるものがある。
- As a visual reporting medium and as a medium of gossip journalism, nishiki-e-shinbun had something common to it and photography weekly magazines and wide-shows on TV in the later days.
- 「匂い梅(においうめ)」や「向う梅(むこううめ)」などの写実的な図案の梅花紋と、「梅鉢」などの簡略的な図案の梅鉢紋に大別される。
- The designs are divided broadly into two types: realistic design, such as 'nioiume' and 'mukoue,' and simplified ones, such as 'umebachi.'
- 魏言天狗下」とあり、これは古代インドのサンスクリット語のUlkā(漢訳音写:憂流迦)という彗星の名を、天狗と翻訳したものである。
- It means 'Tengu came down in Chinese,' and this Tengu was translated from Ulkā (憂流迦 in Chinese characters), a name for a comet in the Sanskrit of ancient India.
- もともと影絵ということもあって地味なものだったが、現在はカラーセロファンなどの普及によって鮮やかな色つきの影絵が写るものもある。
- Originally, somato was an inconspicuous entertainment --- after all, it is just a shadow picture play --- but today, some somato show shadow pictures of vivid colors made from colored cellophane paper.
- 54帖より成り、写本・版本により多少の違いはあるもののおおむね100万文字に及ぶ長篇で、800首弱の和歌を含む典型的な王朝物語。
- It is a typical dynastic story that includes approximately 800 waka poems, and consists of 54 chapters with roughly a million words, although such figures are slightly different between the versions of the manuscript and the text.
- 藤原定家の日記である『明月記』等の記述を元にすると、「藤原定家の家にはかつて「証本」と呼びうる信頼できる源氏物語の写本があった。
- According to 'Meigetsuki' (Chronicle of the Bright Moon), the diary of FUJIWARA no Teika, 'Once there was a reliable manuscript of The Tale of Genji, which could have been called shohon (a verified text), in FUJIWARA no Teika's residence.
- ほぼ全巻揃った青表紙本系の写本の中では最も良質のものとされており、「源氏物語大成」を初めとする多くの校本の底本に採用されている。
- It is considered the best among the Aobyoshi-bon line manuscripts which are almost complete set of volumes, and adopted as a source book for many variorums such as 'Genji monogatari taisei.'
- また、華族は現在の芸能人的な扱いもされており、「婦女画報」等の雑誌には華族子女・夫人のグラビア写真が掲載されることもよくあった。
- In those days, Kazoku were some kind of object of people's attention like today's celebrity, and gravure pictures of girls and wives of kazoku often made the pages of magazines such as 'Fujo Gaho' (the Women Pictorial).
- 芸風は野村万蔵家と大きく変らないが、本狂言においては世話物的写実性が目立つ一方で、間狂言では式楽的な上品さが強調されるようである。
- Although their performances are not so different from those of the Manzo NOMURA family, in Hon Kyogen (played independently, this normally is the one generally called Kyogen), realism which is often seen in plays dealing with the lives of ordinary people is highlighted while in Ai Kyogen (comic interlude in Noh) they emphasize the grace of the music and plays for official ceremonies.
- 暫・鳴神などのような古様を残す直接的な荒事のほかに、助六・弁慶(勧進帳)のように写実性のなかに荒事の要素を溶けこませた作品もある。
- There are direct aragoto programs with an old style, such as Shibaraku and Narukami, while others include the essence of aragoto in a realistic story, such as Sukeroku and Benkei (Kanjincho).
- 西本願寺本三十六人家集(にしほんがんじぼん さんじゅうろくにんかしゅう)は、三十六歌仙の和歌を集めた平安時代末期の装飾写本である。
- Nishi-Honganji-bon sanju-rokunin-kashu is a decorative manuscript produced at the end of the Heian period that compiled the poems of Sanju-rokkasen (thirty-six famous poets).
- 模写は戦後に再開されるが、荒井、入江の両名はそれぞれ1945年、1948年に他界しており、壁画焼損のニュースも知ることはなかった。
- The reproduction was reorganized after the war, but Arai and Irie died in 1945 and 1948 respectively and the news of the fire damaged murals was not reported.
- 前者の例として『日本三代実録』に清和天皇の没後に后の1人である藤原多美子が生前の手紙を漉き返して法華経を写経したと記録されている。
- As an example of the former case, it is recorded in 'Nihon Sandal Jitsuroku' (a history book written in the Heian period) that FUJIWARA no Tamiko, one of the wives of Emperor Seiwa copied the Lotus Sutra on paper made of melted letters that had been written by the Emperor when he was alive.
- 一部の写真店では、はがき貼り機を用いて店内で製造しているケースもあるが、多くはフィルムメーカー系などの現像所で集中的に製造される。
- Some photo shops fabricate the postcards on-site using a postcard pasting machine, but in many cases the postcards are fabricated in large quantities at a film processing laboratory or the like.
- なお、「切(きれ)」とは、元来、冊子本や巻物であった和歌集、漢詩集などの写本を、後世鑑賞用に切断して掛軸などに仕立てたものを指す。
- Kire' (literally 'cut') originally referred to hanging scrolls or other items of appreciation which were made from the manuscript collections of waka poetry or Chinese poetry in the shape of a book or a scroll, after cutting them out.
- また、戦闘描写などもいくつかカットされており、これは『今昔』がこの作品の細部よりも、物語の流れに興味を持っていたことを示している。
- Several descriptions of battles are also omitted, showing that 'Konjaku' is more involved in the flow of the narrative than the details of 'Mutsuwa-ki.'
- 近江朝から奈良朝までの64人の作者による116首の詩を収めるが、序文には120とあり、現存する写本は原本と異なると想像されている。
- 116 poems written by 64 poets between the Omi and Nara periods have been compiled in Kaifuso but the preface mentioned 120 poems instead suggesting that the existing copy is different from the original.
- 主に版本の研究が中心だったのが写本にも独自の問題が見いだされるようになったのは土井忠生や福島邦道らの諸研究によるところが大きかった。
- Although the study focused on printed books, studies by Tadao DOI and Kunimichi FUKUSHIMA made a significant contribution to the discovery of a unique problem also in the transcripts.
- 與兵衛のひ孫、小泉清三郎『家庭 鮓のつけかた』に與兵衛の孫、文久子『またぬ青葉』(手写本、現在所在不明、震災で焼失とも)の引用があり
- 'Katei sushino-tsukekata' (How to make sushi at home) written by Seizaburo KOIZUMI, Yohei's great-grandchild gave a description which referred to 'Matanu aoba' (Green leaves that do not wait) (hand-copied; Its whereabouts unknown; May be destroyed in an earthquake) written by 文久子, Yohei's grandchild.
- 山門前で一礼、水屋で、手を洗い口をすすいだ後、本堂に向かい線香、ローソクをあげ、般若心経の写経である白札を奉納し、般若心経を唱える。
- Make a bow at the front of the sanmon gate (temple gate), wash the hands and rinse the mouth at the mizuya (washing place), then toward the hondo, serve senko (incense stick) and candle, dedicate a shirofuda which is regarded as a hand-copied sutra of the Hannya-shingyo then chant the Hannya-shingyo Sutra.
- 中世には武家の間でも行われ始め、一遍上人絵伝や聖衆来迎寺六道絵の描写や吾妻鏡・曾我物語の記述に鎌倉時代の有様をうかがうことができる。
- In medieval times, Taka-gari started to be practiced among warriors and we can see how it was done in the Kamakura Period from descriptions on the Ippenshonin-eden picture scroll, Rokudo-e (painting of the six realms) of Shoju-raigo-ji Temple, Azuma-kagami (history book) and Soga-monogatari military epic.
- 青表紙本(あおびょうしぼん)とは、源氏物語の写本のうち藤原定家が作成したとされるものおよびそれを写して作成されたとされるものをいう。
- Among the manuscripts of The Tale of Genji, Aobyoshi-bon (Blue Book) manuscripts designate the ones which seem to have been transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika, and also the ones which are said to have been transcribed from Teika's manuscript.
- 池田亀鑑は、本写本を「青表紙本中最も信頼すべき一証本であって、その数量において、またその形態・内容において稀有の伝本である」とした。
- Kikan IKEDA praised the manuscript as 'the most reliable shohon (a verified text) among the Aobyoshi-bon line and a rare book in its volumes, form and contents.'
- 『日本書紀』とする説は、古写本と奈良時代・平安時代初期のように成立時期に近い時代の史料がみな『日本書紀』と記していることを重視する。
- The theory of 'Nihonshoki' emphases that the term of 'Nihonshoki' was used in old manuscripts and all historical sources around this time of establishment, that is, the Nara period and the beginning of the Heian period.
- 卜部兼右本 1540年写 第3~30巻 - 1525年に吉田家前当主の卜部兼満が家に火を放って出奔した際に卜部家伝来の本も焼失した。
- The original copy that Kanemigi URABE copied in 1540, the 3 to 30th volumes: when Kanemitsu URABE, the former head of the Yoshida family, set the house on fire and ran away in 1525, hereditary books of the Urabe family were also burnt down.
- 同時代史料である「帝系図」写本に義良親王の名を「義儀」と誤記してあり、これは本来「儀義」であって「のりよし」と読んだものと推測される。
- In a written copy of Teikeizu, a historical document written in the same period as Kikunsho, the Prince's name that should have been written as 儀義 was miswritten as 義儀, therefore, it can be surmised that his name was pronounced as 'Noriyoshi.'
- その後も加筆、書写が数多くなされたが、後に蓮如によって正信念仏偈とともに三帖和讃が開版され、門徒の朝夕の勤行に用いられるようになった。
- Subsequently, they were often revised partially and also transcribed, until they were newly published by Rennyo together with Shoshin Nenbutsuge (the right version of verses for prayers) so that followers may use the publications at their devotional exercises in the morning and evening.
- 千家十職の中には同じく茶碗を作る樂吉左衛門がいるが、善五郎は主に伝世品の写しなどを作っており楽焼のみの樂家とは住み分けがなされている。
- Although the Senke jusshoku includes another tea bowl maker family called Kichizaemon RAKU, they and Zengoro have their own territories because Zengoro's major products are replicas of works which have been prized for a long time, while the Raku family focuses only on rakuyaki (hand-molded pottery).
- これは、巻物の紙面の下半分には釈迦の前世と成仏について述べた経典の本文を書写し、上半分には経典の内容に対応する絵画を描いたものである。
- Each scroll of them has a space divided into two parts, with the lower part having text copies of Buddhist sutra descriptions about Shakyamuni's previous life and his enlightenment as Buddha, and the upper part having pictures corresponding to the descriptions below them.
- 源光行とその子源親行が協力して、当時乱れに乱れていた源氏物語の本文を正すために、その当時伝来していた21部の源氏物語の古写本を集めた。
- MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki and his son MINAMOTO no Chikayuki cooperated to collect 21 old manuscripts that were hereditary to correct the text of The Tale of Genji that was in total chaos at that time.
- 最も良質な青表紙本の写本であると言われている大島本でも本来の本文に対して河内本に基づくと見られる多くの訂正の跡を確認することができる。
- Even Oshima bon, which is said to be the best quality manuscript of Aobyoshibon, contains many traces of revisions to the original text that seem to be based upon Kawachibon.
- 現在ある青表紙本系統の写本の中では定家自筆本や明融臨模本を除けばこの大島本が定家が校訂した本文を最もよく保存していると考えられている。
- Other than the manuscript written in Sadaie's own hand and the Meiyurinmo-bon, the Oshima-bon manuscript is considered to be the one that best conserves the text revised by Sadaie among the existing manuscripts of the 'Aobyoshi-bon' line.
- また、本写本の初音帖の本文については池田亀鑑によって「青表紙本ではなく別本である」とされ、「源氏物語大成」の底本への採用を見送られた。
- As for the text of the chapter 'Hatsune' in the Oshima-bon manuscript, Kikan IKEDA considered it as 'not Aobyoshi-bon but Beppon,' and it was not adopted in the original text of the 'Genji monogatari taisei.'
- また、実隆の文化人としての名声は地方にも広まり、各地から和歌・連歌の添削・合点や古典の書写、色紙・短冊の染筆を依頼されるようになった。
- His fame as a person of culture spread throughout the country, being asked to correct or put a rating mark beside waka poems and renga, transcribe the classics, and make calligraphy writings on shikishi and tanzaku.
- 恩讐のけじめをはっきりさせているやや単純な筋ながらも、継子いじめの筋を軸に、当時の貴族社会を写実的に描写した物語として評価されている。
- Although its storyline is rather simple, drawing clear line between love and hate, it has been appreciated as a tale that represents realistically the society of nobles at that time, centering on ill-treatment of a stepchild.
- 1960年代までは自宅での日常着として和服を着る男性も多くいたが(1970年代までの漫画での描写からも伺える)、次第に姿を消していった。
- Until the 1960s, a lot of men wore Wafuku as informal wear at home, which is proved by cartoons until the 1970s, but their population gradually decreased.
- 11世紀半ばから後半の書写と考えられる完成期の古筆は、かなの典型ともいえ、優雅、典雅という言葉があてはまり、激しさを表にすることがない。
- Ancient calligraphy of the complete period, considered to be works copied down from the mid- to late 11th century, is known as an archetypal kana to which the words of elegant and graceful can be applied and in which intensity remains in the background.
- 描写される姿形は北東の寅(虎)、南東の巳(蛇)、南西の申(猿)、北西の戌亥(犬とイノシシ)といった干支を表わす獣の合成という考えもある。
- According to another theory, the depicted shape of the creature is a composite of the twelve zodiac animals which represent compass directions: the tiger representing the northeast, the snake representing the southeast, the monkey representing the southwest and the dog and wild boar representing the northwest.
- これは上記の陸軍による輯製20万分1図作成のための骨格基図として模写されたものが、第二次世界大戦後接収され米国に渡ったものと考えられる。
- It is believed that these maps were replicated as the framework for preparation of Syusei maps on a scale of 1 to 200,000 by the Army as stated above, and taken over and carried to the United States after the World War II.
- こういった表情は実に細かな描線で描かれており、薄い紙に模写したところで「1ミリの何分の1でも線が狂えば表情は変わってしまう」のだという。
- These facial expressions were drawn with very fine lines and it is said that when they are copied out on thin papers, 'facial expression will be changed if you miss your aim in a fraction of 1mm.'
- 活動弁士(かつどうべんし)は、活動写真すなわち無声映画(サイレント映画)を上映中に、その内容を語りで表現して解説する専門の職業的解説者。
- A katsudo benshi is a Japanese professional narrator of an old motion picture, or a silent movie, who gives live narration to the audience.
- 経師とは、本来は経巻の書写をする人のことであり、経巻の表具も兼ねており、さらに唐紙を障子に張るようになって、襖の表具もするようになった。
- The kyo-ji originally referred to a person who transcribed scriptures and mounted them, and after karakami began to be pasted on shoji, he or she took charge of mounting fusuma as well.
- 平安時代、神泉苑や洛外の離宮など池が広大になるが、ここまで水を含む自然の景色を描写する地割りを基本として、日本の庭園の様式は形作られた。
- During the Heian period, the Shinsen-en Garden and the imperial villas in Kyoto's suburbs have wide ponds, however, Japanese gardens had so far adopted a style based on landscapes representing natural scenery including actual water.
- 更に翌年の1212年(建暦2年)には「適有造営事、須上臈上卿宰相弁奉之歟」と『明月記』1212年(建暦2年)7月27日条の丸写しがある。
- Besides, there is an entire copy in the entry dated the following year, 1212, from 'Meigetsuki,' the entry dated July 27, 1212 which reads '適有造営事,須上臈上卿宰相弁奉之歟.'
- このうち、伴存自筆と推定されるのは、伴存門弟の堀田龍之介の所蔵していた『和州吉野郡群山記』1本のみで、他の写本は自筆稿からの異本である。
- Within these, the one estimated to be written by Tomoari is 'Washu Yoshinogun Gunzanki' held by his disciple Ryunosuke HOTTA and other manuscripts were alternative versions copied from the original book.
- 同博物館は1988年(昭和63年)に閉館したが、本写本はそのまま後継機関にあたる京都文化博物館の所蔵となり、研究者向けに公開されている。
- The Museum closed its doors in 1988, but the manuscript was handed down to its successor, joining the collection of the Museum of Kyoto, and is available to scholars.
- その後、長く不明になっていたが、江戸幕府の医家多紀元簡が紅葉山文庫より上下2巻全18編の古写本を発見して再び世に伝えられるようになった。
- Although it had been lost for a long time since then, an old manuscript of the two-volume dictionary composed of 18 chapters was dug up from the Momijiyama Library by Genkan TAKI, who served as a doctor in the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and it came to be handed down again to posterity.
- 「南無阿弥陀仏」を泥にて写させられて、御座敷に掛けさせられて仰せられけるは、不可思議光仏、無礙光仏もこの南無阿弥陀仏をほめたまふ徳号なり。
- He copied 'Namu Amida Butsu' with mud and hung it in a zashiki (a Japanese-style tatami room), and said that Amida Nyorai praised these Namu Amida Butsu.
- しかし多くの曲ではこれらの要素が入り交じり、また部分的に描写的であったり、絶対音楽的であったりして変化が大きく、それが魅力ともなっている。
- However, many pieces have a mixture of these factors and thus consist of a wide variety of parts (for example, some parts are descriptive and some parts are absolute music), which is also a feature that makes these pieces attractive.
- 奈良時代から受け継がれてきた海景の縮景庭園はこの時代にも広く用いられているが、莫然とした海景の模写から特定の海景の模写へと変化していった。
- Shukukei gardens imitating sea scenery from the Nara period is widely used during the present period, too, however, the technique has changed from vague unspecified sea scenery to more specified sea scenery.
- この習慣は首里手に限らず、上掲の写真で宮城長順と許田重発が上半身裸で稽古していることからも、那覇手も含めた沖縄一般の習慣であったのだろう。
- This practice was not limited to Shuri-te; from the picture displayed above in which Chojun MIYAGI and Juhatsu KYODA exercise in shirtless conditions, it is considered that this practice was common in Okinawa, including Naha-te.
- 藤原兼通・藤原兼家兄弟の権力争いや藤原道兼が花山天皇を欺いて出家させる場面では権力者の個性的な人物像や謀略が活写されており特に圧巻である。
- In episodes such as the power struggle between brothers Kanemichi and Kaneie FUJIWARA, and Michikane FUJIWARA's deceiving Emperor Kazan into taking holy orders, the author vividly depicts the individual characters and strategies of the powerful, thus constituting some of the best parts of the work.
- 漱石が江戸文化の影響を色濃く受けていた事を想起すれば、『猫』での描写は、江戸・東京におけるある種のステレオタイプにのっとったものだったろう。
- Recalling that Soseki was heavily influenced by Edo culture, it seems that the above depictions in 'I Am a Cat' were in keeping with a certain stereotype that existed in Edo (Tokyo).
- このため「書聖」とまで呼ばれた彼らやその流儀を受け継いだ人々の書を学びたいと思う書家は多く、その複写・複製である法帖の制作が強く求められた。
- They came to be called 'calligraphy saints,' and many calligraphers wanted to learn from works of them and successors of their styles, which led to a strong need for creating the hojo, a copy or reproduction of the works.
- だが、これを転写したものに、鴻山文庫蔵「細川十部伝書」の一冊である鴻山本、また江戸時代後期に金春座によって写された、宝山寺蔵の金春本がある。
- But there is the copy of the manuscript called Kozanbon, which is one of 'Hosokawa jubu densho' owned by Kozan Bunko Library, and there is also a manuscript called Konparubon owned by Hozanji Temple.
- 山根は東京の映画プロデューサー高松豊次郎の娘・雪の夫であり、高松の「活動写真資料研究会」の映画監督、同研究会の吾嬬撮影所長だった人物である。
- Yamane was the husband of Yuki, a daughter of film producer Toyojiro TAKAMATSU in Tokyo, and he was a film director of Takamatsu's 'Katsudo Shashin Kenkyukai' as well as the head of its Azuma Studio.
- 模写は1940年(昭和15年)から始まり、金堂内では、当時日本では軍事用以外には使われていなかった最新機器である蛍光灯が照明として使われた。
- In the reproduction started from 1940, fluorescent lamp, which was the latest illumination at the time and only for military purposes in Japan, was used for lighting in the Kondo.
- 彫刻の場合、頂相画に倣って法衣の裾を長く垂らして座る姿に表されるが、衣に包まれた体部は単純に表し、写実は面貌に集中する表現法が確立している。
- The sculpture's figure, modeled after the portrait, is the sitting style with the bottom of the priest's robe hanging down, and the established way of expression was the combination of the simple depiction of the clothed body and the graphic depiction of the face.
- 不安がある場合は備え付けの手すり、または右上写真のような配水管(俗称grunt bar、ただし十分な強度がある場合に限る)につかまるといい。
- If you are uncertain about your balance, you had better grip the attached handrail or the drainpipe like the one in the upper right picture (commonly called grunt bar, however, it must be strong enough).
- 章帝 (漢)の時に今文経の写本の異同を論じる白虎観会議が開かれたが、この中で古文学は攻撃に晒されながらも、その解釈がいくらか採用されている。
- In the era of Sho-tei (Emperor Zhang) (Han), Byakkokan Meeting was held to debate on differences in the manuscripts of Kinbun-kei, and while the Kobun learning came under attack, some of their interpretations were adopted.
- 演劇的な内容としては、歴史的事実を演劇化した時代物、その当時の世相を描写した(現在なら民放のテレビドラマに相当する)世話物などに分けられる。
- Kabuki Kyogen is classified according to its drama content into some categories, such as 'Jidaimono,' which dramatizes the historical facts, and 'Sewamono,' which portrays the social conditions at the time, and Sewamono is equivalent to today's TV dramas of commercial broadcasting.
- しかし、いじめる側といじめられ追い詰められていく側の心理描写や、普通人光秀が主君の理不尽ないじめによって謀反を起こす過程が見事に描かれている。
- However this piece skillfully portrays the thoughts and feelings of someone who bullies and another who is bullied, and depicts the process of how an ordinary man, Mitsuhide, finding himself cornered, is driven to rebellion as a result of his master's unreasonable bullying.
- なお沿海・沿道の精密さに較べ、土地の高低などは測定されなかったため、山稜の描写は従来の国絵図のごとく鳥瞰的に描写されており、正確とはいえない。
- Compared with the precision of the depiction of coasts and roadside areas, ridges are depicted in a bird's-eye way just as in traditional Domain Maps and their depiction is not so accurate because height of lands was not surveyed.
- 三昧(さんまい、Samādhi, サマーディの音写)とは、仏教における禅、ヒンドゥー教における瞑想において、精神集中が深まりきった状態のこと。
- Sanmai (三昧, transcription of Samādhi) means the ultimate state of mental concentration attained through zen, in the case of Buddhism, or through meditation, in the case of Hinduism.
- 写経は、印刷技術が発展していなかった時代には仏法を広めるため、またはひとつの寺院でも複数の僧侶で修行・講義・研究するために必要なことであった。
- Shakyo was necessary to spread Buddhism in a time when printing technology had not been developed, and it was also necessary for many priests in a single temple to conduct ascetic practice, to give lectures, and to conduct research.
- 例えば新刀最上作である堀川国広が相州上工の作を写しているが、鎌倉期の地鉄、匂い口と、慶長元和期の綺麗な新刀地鉄とでは時代の差が歴然としている。
- For instance, Kunihiro HORIKAWA who was the best new sword craftsman, imitated the work of Soshu artisans, but the difference in periods, in the iron quality and the Nioikuchi, between that in the Kamakura period and those whose iron is beautiful in the Keicho Genwa era is obvious
- 宮内庁書陵部に永長2年(1097年)七月条と承徳3年(1099年)正月から三月条、国立歴史民俗博物館に永長元年三七月条など一部写本が伝存する。
- Partial copies of the diary still exist, such as entries from August of 1097 and from January to April of 1099 at the Archives and Mausolea Department of the Imperial Household Agency, as well as an entry for July 1096 at the National Museum of Japanese History.
- しかしながら、当然にして、その結論は自然を詠んだ歌が、単なる自然の描写の歌であって、主観的立場がないということはあり得ないという方向であった。
- Not surprisingly however, the conclusion was that it was impossible for a poem to have nature as its theme and be just a poem depicting nature with no subjective standpoint.
- 全1冊の自筆本が東山御文庫蔵書として現存する他、同文庫・宮内庁書陵部・陽明文庫・尊経閣文庫・大東急記念文庫などに室町時代の写本が残されている。
- Besides a complete volume in the author's own handwriting which was the extent of one of the collections in the Imperial Library of the Kyoto Palace Higashiyama Bunko, handwritten copies made during the Muromachi period were held in the same Higashiyama Bunko as well as the Imperial Household Agency Shoryobu (Archives and Mausolea Department), Yomei Bunko (Yomei Archives), Sonkeikakubunkio, and Daitokyukinenbunko Library.
- 映画、テレビドラマの場合はフイルム、ビデオに写る事から、更に写実的になるが、それでも、アイライナーが太くなる等、現代劇よりは厚化粧の傾向はある。
- Even though makeup is even more realistic in movies and television dramas, there is a tendency to use thicker eyeliner and other makeup than what is used in Jidaigeki since it comes out on film and video.
- 弘仁13年(822年)最澄の入寂を悲しんだ嵯峨天皇の五言排律(12句60字)の詩で、宸翰と伝えられるが、自筆原本でなく写しであるとする説もある。
- It is a poem in Gogon Hairitsu (twelve phrases consisting of sixty letters) which was created by Emperor Saga to express his mourning for the death of Saicho in 822, and believed to be the Emperor's shinkan and a copied duplicate rather than his handwritten original document.
- 現存する最古の『諱訓抄』は、天和 (日本)元年(1681年)に写された写本であり、「モリナカ」のルビを実際に一条兼良が振ったものか根拠に乏しい。
- The oldest extant guide, Kikunsho is a written copy made in 1681, and the instruction to pronounce as 'morinaka' has not been proven to have been written by Kaneyoshi ICHIJO himself.
- 花房は東京へ行き、高松豊次郎が「ミカド商会」と同時期に設立した「活動写真資料研究会」製作の鉄道省肝いりの映画『鉄道と公徳』の撮影技師をつとめた。
- Hanabusa went to Tokyo and worked as a cameraman for a film under the sponsorship of Ministry of Railways called 'Tetsudo to Kotoku' (railroads and public virtue), produced by 'Katsudo Shashin Shiryo Kenkyukai' established by Toyojiro TAKAMATSU around the same time as 'Mikado Shokai.'
- この壬申検査には文部官僚の町田久成(東京国立博物館の初代館長)、蜷川式胤のほか、油絵画家の高橋由一、写真師の横山松三郎らが記録係として同行した。
- During this Jinshin Inspection, along with officials from the Education Ministry such as Hisanari MACHIDA (the first director of the Tokyo National Museum) and Noritane NINAGAWA, Yuichi TAKAHASHI (a painter) and Matsusaburo YOKOYAMA (a photographer) accompanied the team as recorders.
- 上げ写し法とは、古画の原本や写真版の上に薄い和紙を重ね、透けて見える線をよく観察した後、和紙を持ち上げ、原画を見ながら線を引くというものである。
- In the Ageutsushiho method, after thin sheet of washi is placed on an original old painting or photograph to examine the transparent lines well, a painter draws the line by lifting the washi while watching the original.
- 河内本(かわちぼん)とは、源氏物語の写本のうち、大監物源光行とその子源親行が作成したとされるものおよびそれを写して作成されたとされるものをいう。
- Kawachibon is a group of The Tale of Genji manuscripts allegedly created by Daikenmotsu (duty) MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki and his son, MINAMOTO no Chikayuki, and their copies.
- 鴈治郎時代の2002年、京都のある舞妓(後に芸妓)とホテルで密会し、バスローブをはだけて、自身の陰部を露出させたことが写真週刊誌にスクープされた。
- In 2002, when his stage name was Ganjiro, it was scooped by a weekly photo magazine that, when he secretly saw an apprentice geisha (later on, a geisha) of Kyoto at a hotel, he opened his bathrobe and exposed himself.
- ある場面では合戦の再現を、ある場面では抽象劇の写実劇化(能の歌舞伎化)を、ある場面ではまったくの創作、と多彩な形態の場面群を提供する事に成功した。
- It succeeded to provide various types of scenes by reproducing a scene of the battle, making an abstractive performance into a realistic one (i.e. making a Noh play into a Kabuki play), and creating a completely fictional story.
- 現在最も有名なエドアルド・キヨッソーネによる肖像画は写真嫌いの明治天皇の壮年時の「御真影」がどうしても必要となり、苦心の末に作成されたものである。
- The most famous Emperor's portrait at present by Edoardo Chiossone, was painted as the result of a lot of hard work with an Emperor who did not liked to pose for a painting or be photographed, even though the Emperor's portrait in his prime was badly needed.
- 日本では、幽霊の描写として『乱れ髪に天冠(三角頭巾)、死装束の足がない女性』という、芝居やお化け屋敷などでの典型的な姿でイメージされることが多い。
- In Japan, people commonly have an image of a yurei as a woman without legs wearing a tenkan (triangle hood) over her disheveled hair and a white kimono (which samurai wore to commit harakiri in feudal Japan), and this is the most typical figure shown in theaters or haunted houses.
- 桐壺巻と帚木巻、夕顔巻と若紫巻等、紫上系の巻から玉鬘系の巻に切り替わる部分や逆に玉鬘系の巻から紫上系の巻に切り替わる部分の描写に不自然な点が多い。
- Many discrepancies of description occur when the Murasaki no Ue series changes to the Tamakazura series or the Tamakazura series changes to the Murasaki no Ue series; such as the chapters between Kiritsubo and Hahakigi, the chapters between Yugao and Wakamurasaki, etc.
- 桐壺、帚木、花宴、若菜上下、橋姫、浮舟については定家の自筆本を文字の配列に至るまですべてそのまま写したとされていることから明融臨模本とも呼ばれる。
- It was also called Meiyurinmo-bon because the chapters of Kiritsubo (The Paulownia Court), Hahakigi, Hana no En (The Festival of the Cherry Blossoms), Wakana (new herbs) I and II, Hashihime (The Maiden of the Bridge), and Ukifune (A Drifting Boat) were faithfully copied from the manuscript by Teika, and even the order of the letters were the same.
- 飛鳥井姫君の物語や狭衣の即位など、宿命観や幻想的描写が目立ち、主人公の優柔不断さや物語全体を覆う憂愁な雰囲気も『源氏』とだいぶ相違するものである。
- Fatalism and fantastic depictions stand out as can be seen in the story of Asukai no Onnagimi and Sagoromo's enthronement, while the hero's indecisiveness and the melancholic atmosphere that envelops the entire narrative are very different from 'Genji.'
- 浄瑠璃とは、簡単にいえば、物語性を重視した声楽で、複数の登場人物の詞(ことば)、背景説明、情景描写、心理描写などをすべて表現する「語りもの」である。
- To put it simply, pure joruri is vocal music that emphasizes stories and can be called a kind of narrative in which, concerning a story, the characters' words, background explanations, depictions of scenes and psychological descriptions are all expressed vocally.
- 扇形に切った料紙(扇子扇面)に絵を描いて2つに折り、折り目で貼り合わせて冊子とし、そこに法華経・無量義経・観普賢経の経典の経文を書写したものである。
- Fan-shaped pieces of 'ryoshi' writing paper (the fan face), decorated with pictures, are folded in two, and joined along the fold to other pieces to make a booklet, into which sutras from Buddhist scripture such as the Hokekyo (Lotus Sutra), Muryo gikyo (Sutra of Immeasurable Meanings) and Kanfugenkyo (Samantabhadra Contemplation Sutra) were copied.
- 円山派の祖である円山応挙の写生的画風に、四条派の祖である松村呉春が影響を受けているため、後世になってまとめて「円山・四条派」と呼ばれるようになった。
- Since Goshun MATSUMURA, the founder of Shijo School, was influenced in his painting style by the sketch style of Okyo MARUYAMA, the founder of Maruyama School, the two schools were later combined in name to be collectively called as 'Maruyama-Shijo School'.
- 唐初期に出土した際は、狩猟を描写した詩歌が周の宣王 (周)を称える詩経の「車攻」や「吉日」の詩と酷似していることから、周の宣王時代の作と考えられた。
- When sekkobun was excavated in the early Tang period, the poems thereon which described the scenes of hunting were closely similar to the poems in 'Che-gong' and 'ji-re' of the Shi Ching, which paid a tribute to the King Xuan (Zhou) in Zhou and, therefore, it was considered that sekkobun was made in the period of the King Xuan in Zhou.
- ただ、最晩年の明治44年(1911年)に軍事演習閲兵中の姿を遠くから隠し撮りした写真が残っており、これが明治天皇が最後に撮影された姿と言われている。
- When it was his last year in 1911, the Emperor's photograph was secretly taken from a distance while he was reviewing troops on the military exercise, this was said to be the last photograph taken before he died.
- 成立当初の下限はおそらく称光天皇であったと見られるが、後世、書写・刊行の度に当時の天皇・皇族まで追補が行われて、写本や刊本の間でも内容に異同が多い。
- At first, the last Emperor described in it was Emperor Shoko, but every time it was copied and published, then Emperor and Imperial Families were added and there are many discrepancies between manuscripts and printed copies.
- 立花良介が総指揮を執り、阪東が総監督となり、貴司山治が「朝日新聞」に連載した写真物語を江川宇礼雄が脚色、枝正義郎が監督するという異色の大作であった。
- It should have been a great piece of work produced by an unusual mix of diverse talents: Ryosuke Tachibana as executive producer; Bando as executive director; Yoshiro EDAMASA as director; and Ureo EGAWA as screenwriter, adapting the story from the novel, 'Shashin Monogatari'(Photograph Story), by Yamaji KISHI, which was published in serial form in the newspaper 'Asahi Shimbun.'
- また、小谷野敦は里見の領国を日本のミニチュアととらえ、領民を組織して行われた里見家の軍事訓練の描写などに江戸時代後期の海防論との関係を見出している。
- Furthermore Ton KOYANO, regarding the territory ruled by the Satomi family as a miniature Japan, considers that the description of military training led by the Satomi family mobilizing people within the domain is connected with the doctrine of coast defense in the later Edo period.
- - 法華塚とは法華経塚ともいい日蓮上人が伊豆へ流刑されていた時に鎌倉と生誕地である安房国を思い安寧と仏教の広まりを祈念し、写経した法華経を埋めた塚。
- - Hokke zuka is also referred to as Hokke-kyo zuka that is a mound in which Nichiren shonin (the Venerable Nichiren) buried a copy of the Lotus Sutra that he transcribed thinking of Kamakura and his birthplace Awa Province and praying for peace and propagation of Buddhism during his exile in Izu Province.
- 帝問うて曰く「朕即位して已来、寺を造り、経を写し、僧(僧伽、教団)を度すこと、勝(あげ)て紀す可からず(数え切れないほどである)。何の功徳有りや。」
- Teitoteiwaku: 'Chin sokuishite irai, tera wo tsukuri, kyo wo utsushi, so (groups of monks, religious communities) wo watasu koto, agete shirusu bekarazu (too numerous to count). Nan no kotoku ari ya.' (The Emperor asked: 'Ever since I was enthroned, I have built temples, copied scriptures, and allowed people to become monks, and my deeds are too numerous to count; what merits do I get?')
- あたかも、建物の屋根と天井を取り払ってしまったようなこうした描写方法は『源氏物語絵巻』などに典型的に見られ、「吹抜屋台(ふきぬきやたい)」と称する。
- This method of painting, which gives an image of houses with roofs and ceilings missing, is called 'fukinuki-yatai' and can be typically noted in 'Genji Monogatari Emaki' and others.
- 酒宴の場面をはじめとしていずれも情景を大胆に描写し、人物の表情もあからさまに表出し、やや卑俗な感じも抱かせるが、作者はなかなかの達腕であるとされる。
- The scenes including a feast (a drinking party) were described with a bold touch, and the expressions of people were alive, evoking a bit of obscenities though; the painter must have a good painting skill.
- また、三条西家の六国史書写の段階でも、善本が入手できず、また、旁書などを本文に反映させた際、誤脱、錯簡などが生じ、現行の刊本もその影響を受けている。
- Furthermore, as the complete text was not available when the Six National Histories were transcribed by the Sanjonishi family, and commentaries and other writings were sometimes incorporated into the text which had pages out of order due to binding errors, many mistakes and omissions were made that are still present in the current printed editions.
- それに対して1912年(大正元年)に和田英松は『吾妻鏡古写本考』の中で全てが後世での編纂とし、その時期は北条時宗、北条政村が執権・連署の時代とした。
- On the other hand, Hidematsu WADA claimed in his essay, 'A Study on Old Manuscripts of Azuma Kagami' in 1912 that all of the work was compiled in later ages, when Tokimune and Masamura HOJO were shikken, shogunal regent, and Rensho, associate of shikken.
- 本写本の本文にはほぼ全帖にわたって異なる時期の異なる人物によると見られる夥しい見セケチ・抹消・訂正・補入といった大量の補訂作業の痕跡が存在している。
- There are traces of a large number of revisions in the text of this manuscript, such as misekechi (deletions that leave the original line still readable), erasures, corrections, and supplementary notes throughout almost all chapters, which appear to be by different people in different periods.
- 弘仁6年(815年)春、会津の徳一菩薩、下野の広智禅師、萬徳菩薩(基徳の誤記か?)などの東国有力僧侶の元へ弟子康守らを派遣し密教経典の書写を依頼した。
- In the spring of 815, he sent Koshu, his discipline, to powerful priests in the eastern region, such as Tokuichi Bosatsu in Aizu Province, and Kochi zenji and Mantoku (萬徳) Bosatsu (it may have been Kitoku) to request copying the scriptures of Esoteric Buddhism.
- 一方、地謡は登場人物の心理描写や情景描写を担当しているが、場合によってはシテの感情を代弁してうたうこともあり、ワキと地謡が掛け合いをするケースもある。
- On one hand, jiutai reveals a character's psychological portrait and describes a scene and on the other hand, it may occasionally represent the feelings of the protagonist (shite), or a dialogue duet with the Nohwaki.
- また2004年度は関東地域限定であったが、2005年度からは全国で家庭での写真用の年賀状に対応できるように光沢紙の年賀葉書が売り出されるようになった。
- Despite being limited to the Kanto area in 2004, the New Year's lottery postcards made of photographic paper were released nationwide in 2005 so as to be adapted to the printing of photographic postcards at home.
- このように普及した青表紙系本文であったが、あまりにも広く普及し過ぎたために、大筋では同じであるものの細かいところが異なるきわめて多くの写本が存在した。
- This is how the Aobyoshi-bon line manuscripts circulated, but they spread so widely that there were many manuscripts whose outlines were almost the same, but details were quite different.
- その後1996年(平成8年)に本写本の影印本が刊行されたことにより、これらの大量の補訂作業の痕跡を全帖にわたって容易に調べることが出来るようになった。
- Then the eiinbon (a reproduction) of the Oshima manuscript was published in 1996, which made it easier to study the traces of the huge number of these revisions throughout all the chapters.
- が、定家自筆本と完全に一致するわけではなく、他の青表紙系統の写本に見られない独自の本文をとっていることもあり、その性格は再検討を要すると言われている。
- However, the text is not completely the same as the manuscript written in Sadaie's own hand and has some individual sentences that other manuscripts of the Aobyoshi-bon line do not have, and it is said to be necessary to evaluate its nature again.
- 本書の写本は、鎌倉時代の書写とされる九条家旧蔵本(現在は宮内庁書陵部所蔵)と、建武年間頃に抄出書写した金沢文庫旧蔵本(現在は尊経閣文庫所蔵)とがある。
- There are the following manuscripts of this document: One is the book that is said to have been copied in the Kamakura period and was formerly kept in the Kujo family (now kept in the Imperial Household Archives), and another is the book that was partially copied in around 1334 -1336 and was formerly kept in the Kanazawa Library (now kept in Sonkeikaku-bunko library).
- 学会では「『一代要記』などの65歳は56歳(同55歳)の写し間違いであり、逆算して631年生まれである」としているが、無理があると反対する研究者もいる。
- Although some researchers don't agree, the academy claims that the Emperor Tenmu was 55 (56) years old when he passed away and the year of birth should be in 631 if you back-calculate, even though the papers like 'Ichidaiyoki' say he was 65 years old, because the academy thinks that the compilers of those papers mistook 55 for 65 in the text-editing operation.
- 年賀状は葉書に書いて出すのが基本であるが、写真素材をそのまま電子メールとして送ったり特定のwebページのURLを送るという方法で年賀状を出す方法もある。
- Although the nengajo should basically be written on a postcard, photographic material can be sent by e-mail or one can send the URL of a specific web page.
- 後半は「千鳥の部」と呼ばれることもあり、まず箏、胡弓共に千鳥の鳴き声の暗示で始まり、次第にテンポを速くし、描写から離れて純音楽的展開を見せ、盛り上がる。
- The latter half is also referred to as 'chidori no bu' (chidori section), in which both koto and kyokyu start an indication of a chirp of a chidori, gradually pick up the tempo, and show a pure musical progress to the climax departing from a depiction of a scene.
- 現在もっとも一般的なテキストである1933年(昭和8年)の『新訂増補国史大系』の底本となるものは北条本と呼ばれ、後北条氏が所蔵していた写本とされていた。
- The original text of 'Enlarged New Edition of Summa Japanese History' published in 1933 is called Hojobon, which is the most widely circulated version of the text now, being regarded as the manuscript owned by Gohojo clan.
- また近年では宮沢りえが1989年に発表したカレンダーのふんどし姿が話題を呼び、女性の褌姿を収録した写真集、アダルトビデオなども数多く出されるようになった。
- In recent years, Rie MIYAZAWA has attracted public attentions by publishing her figure in a fundoshi loincloth in a 1989 calendar, which was followed by a stream of various photo albums, adult videos and so on, containing pictures of women in fundoshi loincloths.
- 清楽の代表的な曲には、「算命曲」「九連環(右上の写真の楽譜参照)」「茉莉花 (民謡)」「四季」「紗窓」「売脚魚」「哈哈調」「満江紅」「将軍令」などがある。
- Typical Shingaku songs are 'Sanminkyo,' 'Kyurenkan' (cf. the upper right photograph of the score), 'Matsurika' (folk song), 'Shiki', 'Saso,' 'Baikyakugyo,' 'Hahacho,' 'Man Jiang Hong' and 'Jiang Jun Ling.'
- 講談 - 武士、男性社会、エラい人の物語、タテマエ、演者と客との心理的距離の遠さ、公式的見解、無矛盾性、地の文による客観的描写、語りのテンポと歯切れを重視
- Kodan features: samurai, male-dominated society, stories on great people, public stances, psychologically great distance between the performer and the audience, official views, consistency, objective depiction in descriptive texts, and emphasis on tempo of narrative.
- そこへ地謡による情景描写の謡い「不思議や虚空に黒雲覆い、稲妻四方にひらめき渡って (中略)震動ひまなく鳴神の、雷(いかづち)の姿は現れたり 」が謡われる。
- Overlapping this, noh background singing starts singing the description of the scene 'How mysterious. The sky is covered with black cloud and the lightening strikes in all the directions (omitted) shaking continuously, and the thunder god and thunder presents its appearances.'
- 錦絵というグラフィックを用いてセンセーショナルな事件を報じるメディアであり、「猟奇的・煽情的な内容」は「現代の写真週刊誌に似た性格のもの」であるとされた。
- Nishiki-e-shinbun was a medium which reported sensational incidents using a type of graphic work that was nishiki-e, and it has been said that 'its bizarre and sensational content' has 'a character similar to that of today's photography weekly magazines'.
- 写本により『源氏供養』(東海大学図書館桃園文庫蔵本)、『源氏供養草子』(宮内庁書陵部蔵本)、『源氏物語表白』(宮内庁書陵部蔵本)などの異なった表題を持つ。
- There are copy versions of the story with different titles, such as 'Genji Kuyo' (book stock of Toenbunko, library of Tokai University), 'Genji Kuyososhi' (book stock of Imperial Household Archives) and 'Genji Monogatari Hyohaku' (book stock of the Imperial Household Archives).
- 釈迦の弟子である周利槃特(梵語:チューラパンタカの音写で、しゅりはんどく、スリバンドクなど)が、自分の名前を忘れてしまうため、釈迦が首に名札をかけさせた。
- Handoku SHURI (the original pronunciation of his name in Sanskrit was Pantaka Chura), a disciple of Buddha, was instructed by Buddha to wear a nametag because SHURI frequently forgot his own name.
- また胡弓の技法として、雅楽器である笙の和音を模し、また松風を描写している部分があるが、この手法は後世も雅楽の雰囲気を出すためしばしば使われるようになった。
- There is a part of kokyu resembling chords of sho that is an instrument for the traditional Japanese music and describing the winds through pines with a technique of kokyu, which got to be used often in later times to show an atmosphere of the traditional Japanese music.
- 本阿弥切の書風は、平安時代の仮名書道の最高峰と評される高野切(11世紀に書写された『古今和歌集』の写本)などとは別系統で、他に同筆の遺品は知られていない。
- The style of calligraphy of Honamigire belongs to a different lineage from that of Koyagire (a manuscript of 'Kokin Wakashu' transcribed in the eleventh century), considered a supreme achievement of kana calligraphy made during the Heian period, and there are no relics left with the same handwriting.
- 平安時代末期に作られた『朝野群載』の即位詔の例文は、実際のものとほとんど変わらない表現でこのくだりの文章を示しており、定型文の引き写しが行われた証拠となる。
- 'Choya gunsai' (Collected Official and Unofficial Writings) compiled at the end of the Heian period shows a model phrase of this part with almost exactly equal letters to that really used in the imperial edicts to the enthronement, and this can be used as evidence that the model phrase had been handed down by copying the example.
- また、和宮の棺からは直垂姿をした若い男性の写真乾板が副葬品として見つかったが、その後の保存処理が悪かったため翌日には乾板はただのガラス板になっていたという。
- Also there was a young man's dry picture plate found inside the Kazunomiya's coffin, but the plate was not kept property, it became just a glass plate on the following day.
- 近世以降の日本の画家の多くが狩野派の影響を受け、狩野派の影響から出発したことも事実であり、琳派の尾形光琳、写生派の円山応挙なども初期には狩野派に学んでいる。
- It is also a fact that many Japanese painters after the early years of the modern age were influenced by the Kanoha group and started with the influence of the Kanoha group; initially, Korin OGATA, of the Rinpa group, and Okyo MARUYAMA of the Shaseiha group had learned from the Kanoha group.
- 仏教経典を書写する写経は国家仏教中心の奈良時代には官営事業として行われていたが、平安時代には浄土思想が普及し、個人的な祈願成就を目的に行われるようになった。
- During the Nara period when Buddhist deities were believed to protect the nation, Buddhist scriptures were copied as a national project, but by the Heian period when Jodo-shiso (Pure Land Buddhism) prevailed, they were copied by individuals who wished for their prayers to be fulfilled.
- 日本は話芸の文化が多彩であり、特に人形浄瑠璃における太夫と三味線、歌舞伎における出語り、写し絵、錦影絵の解説者といったナレーション文化がすでに定着していた。
- Japan has various kinds of storytelling arts, and in those days, there already existed the established culture of narration, which was shouldered by, for example, 'tayu' (a storyteller in 'ningyo joruri' [traditional Japanese puppet theater]) accompanied with 'shamisen' (the three-stringed Japanese banjo), 'degatari' (the musicians who appear on stage of Kabuki [the classical Japanese dance-drama]), and a talker in 'utsushie' (also called 'nishiki-kagee,' a magic lantern picture).
- 写本や版本によって本文が異なることはこの時代すでに知られており、本居宣長などもその点に付いての指摘を行ったこともあるが本格的な本文研究に進むことは無かった。
- It was already known that text would differ between a manuscript and the printed book, but while Norinaga MOTOORI pointed out the differences he didn't make a further study of the texts.
- これがもともと異なる本文を持つ写本を元にしたために異なるのかそれとも絵巻物の詞書という性質上もともとの本文を要約するなどの改変を加えたためなのか不明であり。
- It is unknown whether they are different because they are based on manuscripts that have different texts or because modifications such as the abstraction of the original texts were done in accordance to the nature of Kotobagaki of picture scrolls.
- この技術の開発により、あまり技術のない人でもやり方さえ覚えれば模写が出来るようになり、技法を極めれば真筆と見まがうような模写を行うことも可能になったのである。
- The development of this technique allowed even people with poor skills to copy calligraphy once they knew how to do it, and made it possible for those who mastered the skill to make a copy just like the original handwriting.
- なお日本刀のうち、打刀や脇差の刀装具として鞘に格納される小柄(こづか)や笄(こうがい)を、緊急時に手裏剣として用いる武器のように時代劇の描写で誤解されている。
- Through their depiction in period dramas, it is often misunderstood that among Japanese swords, kozuka (the hilt of a small sword or the small sword itself) and kogai (a spatula attached to a small sword), which were stored in the scabbard as an accouterment of uchigatana and short swords, were weapons used as shuriken in emergencies.
- 実隆公記の書かれた時期は室町時代の後期あるいは戦国時代 (日本)の前期にあたる時代であるが、戦乱の動向よりも歌会や古典の書写に関する記述が多くを割かれている。
- Although Sanetaka koki was written during the late Muromachi period or the first half of the Sengoku period (Period of Warring States), it was more concerned with poetry parties and copying the classics rather than the movement of the disturbances of wars.
- この系統は内閣文庫蔵本をはじめ、いずれも室町時代後期以降の写本であるが、文保本と内容がきわめて近似していることから、もっとも古態を残していると考えられている。
- This lineage of the text was copied after the Muromachi period, including a text housed in the Cabinet Library; moreover, its overall content is quite close to that of Bunpobon, so it is considered to most faithfully preserve the original form.
- また、挿絵の模写も、模写者の技術を誇示しようとしたためか原画の歪曲との感を与えるものが混じっており、特に弥山から釈迦ヶ岳にかけての図ではそのことが明瞭である。
- Also because the person who copied the illustrations might have tried to show his skills, there were some which give an impression of the distortion of the original; especially in the drawing of the mountains from Misen to Shakagadake, this is quite obvious.
- この作品は、男性と女性が入れ替わるという非現実的な設定である反面、2人を中心とする人間関係の描写は現実的かつ重層的であり、現在でも十分に味わい深く鑑賞できる。
- The setting for this story in which a man and woman exchange their roles is not realistic, but the portrayal of the characters, particularly these two people, is realistic and multilayered, so it's truly worth reading even today.
- しかし、長暦3年から寛治7年の間の文書は、全て女院号についての文書16通であり、それらは、本書の最古の写本が成立した保安2年までに増補されたと考えられている。
- On this point, it is considered that, because all of the documents between 1039 and 1093 are concerned with nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing), they were augmented later in 1121 when the latest manuscript was completed.
- そして中山寺で宝印を探し出し、播磨国書写山の性空上人、河内国石川寺の仏眼上人と中山寺の弁光上人を伴い三十三箇所を巡礼したことから、やがて人々に広まっていった。
- Emperor Kazan then found the hoin at the Nakayama-dera Temple, made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon accompanied by Saint Shoku in Mt. Shosha in Harima Province and Saint Butsugen at the Ishikawa-dera Temple in Kawachi Province, and as a result, the pilgrimage began to spread among people.
- ただし、彩色下絵の青色や墨の部分の上に字を書く場合は、墨書の上を金泥でなぞったり、1字を半分ずつ金泥と墨とで書き分けたりするなど、手のこんだ書写がなされている。
- They were, however, of elaborate craftsmanship in that when the characters were written on a blue or black background, they were traced with kindei (gold paint) or half a character was written in kindei and the other half in black ink.
- 扇面法華経冊子の成立は、「女人成仏」、「写経成仏」を説く法華経信仰がさかんとなるなかで、経典そのものも美しく飾りたてられるようになったことによるものとみられる。
- It is believed that the Senmen Hokekyo Sasshi was created when Buddhist scriptures began to be beautifully decorated with the spread of belief in the Lotus Sutra, which preached 'Nyonin Jobutsu' (attainment of buddhahood by women) and 'Shakyo Jobutsu' (attainment of buddhahood by copying of sutras).
- 今まで現人神とされ、写真も「御真影」等と呼ばれていた天皇が、しかも肩の力を抜いた姿の元帥の隣に直立不動の姿勢で、普通に新聞に写っていることは国民の衝撃を呼んだ。
- The photograph of the Emperor, who was considered as Arahitogami and his photographs were called 'Goshin-ei' (honorific name for the photograph of the Emperor) and so on, standing straight without moving next to the relaxed General, placed commonly in newspapers shocked the common people.
- ただし、これらもリアルに描写するというよりは象徴的であり、またあくまでもモティーフとして音楽的に発展させられており、単なる描写音楽として片付けることはできない。
- However, the depiction in these pieces is symbolic rather than realistic, and its musical development was clearly as motifs; thus these pieces cannot be regarded simply as depictive music.
- 伝統工芸士の熟練技術をコンピュータで再現させるエキスパートシステム化プロジェクトが博多織についても1994年から始まり、その過程でカラー写真織技術が開発される。
- The Hakata Color Image Weaving was developed in an effort to realize the technical skills of traditional craftsmen for Hakata-ori textile in an 'expert systemizing project' that was started in 1994, which involved the use of computers.
- わけても、原本を忠実に写したとされる青谿書屋本などをもとにして池田亀鑑がなした『古典の批判的処置に関する研究』(1941年)にいたってほとんど完成するに至った。
- Above all, Kikan IKEDA wrote 'A Study on Critical Dealing with the Classics' (1941), concerning himself with the Seikeishookubon, which is said to have been copied true to the original manuscript, and brought his study near to completion.
- 現存する『古事記』の写本で最古のものは、「伊勢本系統」の1371年から翌1372年にかけて大須観音の僧・賢瑜によって書写された真福寺本古事記三帖(国宝)である。
- The oldest existing 'Kojiki' manuscript is the Shinpuku-ji manuscript copied in three fascicles (national treasure) that belongs to `Ise-bon group' copied by Kenyu, a monk of Osu-Kannon Temple from 1371 to 1372.
- 1966年、第1次佐藤第3次改造内閣の坊秀男厚生大臣は、国会において自身の弾劾演説を受けている最中、精神を落ち着かせるために手帳に懸命に十句観音経を写経していた。
- In 1966, Hideo BO, the Minister of Health and Welfare in the third reshuffled cabinet of the first Sato government, was intently copying Jikku Kannongyo in his notebook for a calming effect during his impeachment speech at the Diet.
- 基本的には上記の1.から3.がベースとなるが、部分的には 4.の京の貴族の日記、代表的には藤原定家の『明月記』などから、京での事件などか丸写しされたりもしている。
- The book is basically based on No. 1 to No. 3 mentioned above, but it partly referred to No. 4, diaries of court nobles in Kyo represented by FUJIWARA no Teika's 'Meigetsuki,' and accounts of incidents occurred in Kyo were sometimes copied word for word into the book.
- またその系譜は2グループあり、北条本、黒川本は応永年間(1394~1427年)に金沢文庫本により書写されたものの系統を引き、吉川本はそれとはまったく別系統となる。
- The lines, divided into two groups (Hojobon and Kurokawabon), inherited the manuscript copied from Kanazawa Library during the period of Oei (1394 to 1427), while Yoshikawabon belonged to a quite different line.
- 『源氏物語』の古写本の場合、冊子の標題には「源氏物語」ないしはそれに相当する物語全体の標題が記されている場合よりも、それぞれの帖名が記されていることが少なくない。
- Each volume of the old manuscript of 'The Tale of Genji' usually has a chapter name on its cover rather than a title of the overall work such as 'The Tale of Genji' or something similar.
- 3代の格は弘仁格の目録を除いては現存しておらず、格の原文がほぼそのまま引き写されたと考えられる「類聚三代格」は、当時の古代法制の実態を知るために貴重な史料である。
- Because those three kyaku books do not exist now except for the index of the Koninkyaku, 'Ruijusandaikyaku' in which original text of kyaku is considered to be copied virtually unchanged, is a valuable historical material to know the actual situation of ancient legislative system.
- その後の来歴は不明であるが、本写本の全体にわたって複数の異なる筆跡によるおびただしい補訂の後が見られることから死蔵されることなく読まれ続けていたと考えられている。
- Although the history after that is unknown, the manuscript is considered to have been read without being buried because throughout it there are a large number of revisions made by multiple different hands.
- 代々の講筵の記録は聴講者の手によって開催された年次を冠する私記(年次私記)の形でまとめられるとともに、『日本書紀』の古写本の訓点(書紀古訓)として取り入れられた。
- The records of successive lectures were collated in the form of private records which wrote the year of the lecture on the title by participants (annual private records) and were also used as kunten for old manuscripts of 'Nihonshoki' (the old interpretation of Shoki).
- 尹良親王や子の良王親王(尹重)の事跡については、宝永6年(1709年)に天野信景(尾張藩士、江戸中期の国学者)が書写した著本の『波合記』という軍記物が残されている。
- Regarding the achievements of Imperial Prince Tadayoshi and his son, Imperial Prince Ryoo (Tadashige), there remains a war chronicle called 'Namiai-ki,' which was hand-copied by Sadakage AMANO (Owari clansman, a scholar of Japanese classical literature in middle period of Edo period) in 1709.
- 事件そのものもは、実は『明月記』1200年(正治2年)3月29日条での藤原定家の日記に書かれていた事件で、泰時が語ったという台詞は藤原定家の感想を写したものである。
- This crime itself was written in the entry dated March 29, 1200 in 'Meigetsuki,' FUJIWARA no Teika's diary, and the words which appeared to be said by Yasutoki were copied from the comment made by FUJIWARA no Teika.
- 聖たちは、山林修行や諸国遊行を主としながらも造寺・造塔、写経、供養、鋳鐘、架橋や道路・港湾建設の勧進などの多彩な活動を通じて、民衆からの尊崇と支持を獲得していった。
- While the hijiri mainly underwent training in mountain forest, or wandered among various provinces, they obtained respect and support from common people, through various activities including building temples, pagodas, copying of a sutra, kuyo (a memorial service for the dead), casting bells, promoting the building of bridges, roads, and harbors.
- もちろん、『今昔物語集』巻第25第5 「平維茂、藤原諸任を罰ちたる語」に、「騎馬の兵70人、徒歩の兵30人」とあるように、歩兵もいるが、歩兵の戦闘描写は見られない。
- Of course, there was reference to foot soldiers in 'seventy cavalry and thirty foot soldiers' within the 'Story about Punishing TAIRA no Koremochi and FUJIWARA no Morotoo' in Section five of Volume twenty-five of 'Konjaku Monogatari Shu,' but there were no battle scenes depicted of foot soldiers.
- だが、朝鮮通信使が実際に書いた日記(日東壮遊歌 など)などの当時の資料を紐解くと、進んだ文化を持つ日本の繁栄ぶりが描写されており、韓国の教育とは相違が見受けられる。
- However, when reading documents concerning that time, for example, actual written diaries (such as Nittosoyuka), it is found that Japan was advanced culturally and was prosperous, showing differences between what is educated in Korea and reality.
- またそれらをテーマとした講談、マンガ、映画、ドラマなどで用いられる用語であり、こういったフィクションなどではその効果を高めるために怨霊の物質化が描写されることもある。
- It is also a term used in storytelling, comics, movies, and dramas and in this kind of fiction the spirits are portrayed as having a physical presence in order to heighten the effectiveness of the story.
- ただし、いくつかの写本では表題として明確に占事略决の表記が採用されており、最も入手しやすい村山1981でもそれにならっていることから、これが一般的な表記となっている。
- However, '占事略决' is the commonly used title, as the titles of some transcripts can be clearly discerned, and the most easily available 'Nihon Onmyodoshi Sosetsu' by Shuichi MURAYAMA also followed suit.
- そのため西洋画の技法研究も、蘭学者である平賀源内が外国人からの直接の指導を受けることなく、書物の挿画の模写などを通して独学で行っており、余技の域を出ないものであった。
- The techniques of Western paintings were studied by Gennai HIRAGA, a scholar of Dutch studies, by copying the illustrations in books, and since he painted in his own way without any direct guidance from Westerners, his study of the art was no better than painting as a hobby.
- 普段は厚化粧しない俳優、歌手、等も、特別番組、化粧品等の広告や写真集、ビデオクリップ等を撮影する場合に、企画内容や、出演者や制作者の意図によって厚化粧をする場合がある。
- Actors, singers and so on who generally do not wear atsugesho may occassionally use it to follow planned content or to achieve an effect desired by the performers themselves or by a producer when they appear in photographs, movies, special programs, or advertisements for cosmetics.
- 落語 - 町人庶民、女性、ダメな人の物語、ホンネ、演者と客との一体感、下からの目線、世の矛盾を肯定、反社会性の肯定、心情描写、会話により展開される、しゃべりに緩急が必要
- Rakugo features: townspeople/common people, women, stories on poor people, true feelings, a sense of unity between performers and audience, standpoints from underneath, affirmation of inconsistency in the world, affirmation of antisocial nature, descriptions of sentiment, development by conversation, and required pacing of narrative.
- 原因については、公式には壁画模写の画家が使っていた電気座布団から出火したとされているが、模写に使用した蛍光灯用の電熱器が火元とする説、放火説などがあり真相は不明である。
- Officially, the fire was started from the electronic heating pad used by reproducing painters, however, there were some opinions that the fire origin was an electric generator for the fluorescent lamps used in reproducing or that it was fired on purpose, and so on, and the truth is unknown.
- 根拠に描写がこなれているとか不自然であるとかいった主観的なものについては、学問的に検証できるものではなく、武田論文においても具体的な検証は何も行われていないとするもの。
- It is impossible to academically verify the subjective grounds such as that the descriptions are more sophisticated or less sophisticated, but TAKEDA didn't concretely examine these points in his thesis.
- このため、若くしてその後を継いだ兼右が、以前に卜部家本を書写していた三条西実隆の本を書写させてもらい、更に一条家の本(一条兼良写、卜部兼煕証)で校合して証本としたもの。
- Therefore, Kanamigi, who succeeded it at a young age, copied the transcript which was copied by Sanetaka SANJONISHI from the original copy of the Urabe family before, and made shohon (a verified text) after collation with the original copy of the Ichijo family (copied by Kaneyoshi ICHIJO and checked by Kanehiro URABE).
- 史記延久点(しきえんきゅうてん)とは、中国前漢の司馬遷が著した歴史書『史記』に対して、日本平安時代の延久5年(1073年)に大江家国が書写・加点した巻子本形式の訓点本。
- Shikienkyuten is kuntenbon (a book with guiding marks for rendering Chinese into Japanese) of 'Shiki' (Records of the Grand Historian), a Chinese history book written by Sima Qian in the era of Former Han in China, and it was in the form of Kansubon (book in scroll style) transcribed by OE no Iekuni by adding kunten (marks and symbols beside lines of Chinese text to indicate how the text is to be read in Japanese) in 1073 during the Heian period of Japan.
- 明治時代になって壁画の貴重さや芸術的価値が徐々に認められるようになり、1887年(明治20年)頃には桜井香雲という画家が壁画の模写を行っている(模写は東京国立博物館蔵)。
- In the Meiji period, the murals were gradually recognized their artistic value and preciousness to be reproduced by a painter Koun SAKURAI around 1887 (The reproductions are owned by Tokyo National Museum).
- 道忠は最澄が入唐前の延暦16年以降、あらゆる経典の写経を行った際、東国からはるばる駆けつけて2000巻もの助写をしたほど親交があり、東国における最澄の盟友的存在であった。
- After 797, which was before Saicho visited the Tang dynasty, Dochu came all the way from Togoku and helped Saicho copy two thousand volumes, whereby he became Saicho's ally in Togoku.
- 西洋近代を告げるルネサンスにおいては自然回帰運動が起き、芸術の世界では具象をありのままに捉えようとする近代的パースペクティヴが発展し、写実性を求める動きが次第に強まった。
- A movement pursuing photorealism was gradually intensified with the back-to-nature movement launched during the Renaissance which brought the modernization of Western culture, as well as with the modern perspective developed in the world of art which attempted to depict figures as they were.
- 15世紀初め頃までは40巻揃っていたが、その後散逸し、塙保己一の門人、稲山行教が10巻分の写本を三条西家で発見(異説として柳原紀光の校訂本説もある)し、初めて刊行された。
- Until about the early fifteenth century, all 40 volumes of Nihonkoki History Book were in existence, but eventually certain volumes were dispersed and lost; however, Yukinori INAYAMA, one of the disciples of Hokinoichi HANAWA, found 10 volumes of the manuscript at the residence of the Sanjonishi family and published them for the first time (There is an opposing view that the published volumes were based on Norimitsu/Motomitsu YANAGIHARA's recension.).
- 全品100円の低価格が売りの「100円寿司」が増えている一方で、作りたてを選べるように、さらにコンベアにネタの写真が回っているだけの店など、特色を持たせる傾向が増えている。
- While '100 yen sushi' shops featuring the inexpensive price of 100 yen for every item are increasing, shops are tend to have added features, for example, only pictures of fish for sushi are rotating on the conveyer belt so customers can eat freshly-made sushi of their choice.
- 墨汁には天然由来の煤ではなく工業的に作られたカーボンブラック(炭素)を使っているものがある(このカーボンは、複写機などで使われるトナーとほとんど同じ成分である場合もある)。
- There are some bokuju that use industrially produced carbon black (carbon) (in some cases, this carbon has almost the same constituents as toners used in copy machines) when compared to naturally derived soot.
- これに対して百済観音像の垂髪はより写実的に表現され、天衣はゆるやかなカーブを描いて前後方向に揺れるように表現されており、天衣のカーブの優美さは側面から見て初めて了解される。
- On the contrary, the long flowing hair of Kudara Kannon-zo is expressed more realistically, with tenne depicted as swinging back and forth with a gentle curve; as such, the graceful curve of tenne can be acknowledged only when viewed from the side.
- その他には、浄土真宗本願寺派常楽寺 (下京区)(京都市)蔵の存覚の写本(上巻は康永元年〈1342年〉9月11日、下巻は、暦応3年〈1340年〉12月25日書写)が現存する。
- Another extant manuscript is the transcription of Zonkaku, collection of Joraku-ji Temple (Shimogyo Ward) (Kyoto City) of the Hongan-ji Temple school of Jodo Shinshu (vol. 1 copied on October 19, 1342 and vol. 2 on January 21, 1341).
- 動と静の対比、時間の推移の描写、擬態語・対句・同音反復の頻繁な使用など、従来の用語を使いながらも、革新的な試みがなされ、二条派の平淡な歌風に馴染んだ人に鮮明な印象を与える。
- Contrasting movement and stillness, describing the passage of time, and with frequent use of gitaigo (mimetic words), parallelism, and sound repetition, even while using the traditional vocabulary, it was a revolutionary effort that makes a vivid impression on anyone more familiar with the flat style of the Nijo faction.
- 現在流布している『南方録』諸本の原本である立花家本を筆写したのは立花重根であるが、現在の研究では『南方録』は実山が博多や堺で収集した資料を編纂したものであるという見解もある。
- It was Shigemoto TACHIBANA who made the transcription called the Tachibana book, the original book of many 'Nanboroku' copies currently in circulation; today's research has proposed the view that 'Nanboroku' could be a compilation of materials which Jitsuzan (a pseudonym as a priest of Shigemoto TACHIBANA) collected in Hakata and Sakai (a city in Osaka Prefecture).
- 前述の通り種彦本は現存しないが、家康がこの『申楽談儀』を、細川幽斎、織田信忠といった数寄者の大名たちに書写させており、観世宗家の蔵したものも観世宗節がこれを写したものである。
- Although Tanehikobon does not exist as is mentioned above, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA had some of the sukisha daimyo (tea masters daimyo) such as Yusai HOSOKAWA and Nobutada ODA copy it, and the manuscript KANZE head family stored was the one that Sosetsu KANZE copied from what the daimyo had copied.
- しかし、土偶のデザインがリアルな人間とかけ離れていることから、当時の人々を写実的に表現したものではないことは明らかで、実際の衣服の実態をどの程度反映しているかはっきりしない。
- As the clay figures are designed quite differently from real human beings, it is apparent that the figures were not made to represent real Jomon people; therefore, it is doubtful that they represent the real form of clothing from those days.
- 服装がふんどし締め込みとなる博多や飯塚に於いて、アマチュアカメラマンが撮影した写真がフォトコンテストに応募されたり、健全なHP、ブログ、画像掲示板、等に送信される場合が多い。
- Many amateur photographers who took pictures in Hakata or Iizuka where parade participants wear a fundoshi shimekomi (loincloth), enter photography contests or upload them to ordinary websites, weblogs, image boards and so on.
- これについて、元々揃っていたのだがあるとき欠けてしまい、別人の手になる巻で補ったとする考え方と最初に作られた時から別人の手になる写本とセットになっていたとする考え方とがある。
- There are two theories about this: one says that although the set was originally complete, some chapters got lost later and were supplemented by manuscripts written in other hands; another says that the chapters written in other hands were paired with the set when it was made in the first place.
- 当初書籍として刊行された影印本はモノクロであったが写本の撮影そのものはフルカラーで行われており、2007年(平成19年)12月にフルカラーによるDVD-ROM版が刊行された。
- Although the first eiinbon published as a book had black-and-white pictures, the manuscript was photographed using full-color film and a DVD=ROM version with full-color photographs was published in December 2007.
- 許可条件への違反状況の視察と採証職務に従事していた京都府警の巡査、この状況を実際に確認し、許可条件への違反があったものと判断して、歩道上から、デモ隊の先頭集団を写真撮影した。
- A Police Officer of Kyoto Prefectural Police, who was engaged in inspecting the demonstration march to see whether or not there was violation of the conditions for permission and collecting evidence of any such violation, found that the march was in violation of the conditions for permission, and photographed the front part of the marching crowd.
- それだけではなく、吉右衛門が得意とする丸本歌舞伎の舞台に多く出演することで、戯曲に対する解釈力と役の把握を深め、古典的な様式美と近代的な心理描写の手法を着々と身につけていった。
- Besides, by performing many times on the scene of Maruhon Kabuki (kabuki plays of doll theatre origin) which Kichiemon was good at, he deepened the interpretation of the play and the understanding of the role and steadily acquired the classic beauty of style and techniques of modern psychological descriptions.
- 元は男女とも和服に振袖を採用し、明暦の大火の原因と伝えられる紫縮緬の振袖も少女が意中の若衆の衣装を写して着用したものといわれ、色柄や構造に男女差がほとんど無かったことが伺える。
- In the beginning, both men and women wore furisode for their Japanese dress; the story is told of a young woman who modeled after and then wore the famous furisode made of purple silk crepe of the young man she loved--which is said to be the cause of the Great Meireki Fire (of 1657, also called the 'Furisode Fire')--which seems to suggest that in terms of color, pattern and composition, there was very little difference between men's and women's furisode at that time.
- これは「模刻」という手法自体に責任のある話ではないが、模刻の乱発で書蹟が無批判のままに引き写される行為が日常化したことにより、偽物が混じりこむ隙を作った責任はやはり免れ得ない。
- The method of 'mokoku' itself is not to blame for this; nevertheless, it cannot escape being criticized for allowing fraudulent works to circulate because excessive use of the method led to the situation where calligraphy works were copied routinely without criticism.
- 中世においては、橋や道路の修理・整備から官寺(鐘や仏像、写経をふくむ)の建設や修造など、本来は朝廷(国家)や国衙(地方行政機関)がおこなうべき公共事業も、勧進によってなされた。
- In the middle ages, kanjin was a source of funds for public works ranging from the construction and maintenance of bridges and roads to the building and repair of kanji (state-sponsored temples) (including temple bells, Buddhist statues and handwritten sutra), although the Chotei (Imperial Court) or kokuga (provincial government) should have done so.
- 歴史資料として指定を受けているものには政治家、学者などの歴史上の人物に関する一括資料、古写真やその原板、古地図、古活字、科学技術関係資料、産業関係資料などさまざまなものがある。
- The historical resources thus far designated cover a wide range of types: they may be a batch of materials concerning a politician, a scholar or some person in history, old photographs and their negative plates, old maps, old printing type, materials related to science and technology or materials related to industry.
- 写本による流通が主であった時代には大部の書物は全体の中から自分が残したい、あるいは人に読ませたいと考えた部分だけを書き写すといった形で流通することも少なくなかったと考えられる。
- In the time when the manuscripts were made by people, it was not unusual that people copied only a part of the whole book which they wanted to keep, or have somebody read.
- 『源氏釈』や『奥入』といった初期の注釈書はもともとは独立した注釈書ではなく写本の本文の末尾に書き付けられていた注釈が、後になって独立した1冊の書物としてまとめられたものである。
- The early commentaries like 'Genji-shaku' and 'Okuiri Interpretation' were not originally independent but were added at the end of the manuscripts, and later they were gathered up into an independent book.
- 青表紙本が出来た経緯についても、源氏物語を極めて重要視した藤原定家の態度を考えると30年もの間源氏物語の写本を全く持っていなかったとするのは極めて不自然であるとする意見もある。
- There is also a view about the completion of the Aobyoshi-bon manuscript that it is quite unnatural he had not kept The Tale of Genji at all for thirty years, taking into consideration the fact that FUJIWARA no Teika treated The Tale of Genji as a very important literary work.
- 以下の写本において、本文冒頭の記述が京都大学附属図書館蔵本では『常以月将加占事』だが、尊経閣文庫蔵本と宮内庁書陵部蔵本では、尊経閣蔵本その他では『常以月将加占時』となっている。
- While the description of the opening paragraph of the transcript possessed by The Kyoto University Library is '常以月将加占事', that of the transcripts possessed by Sonkeikaku-bunko and Imperial Household Archives is ' 常以月将加占時'.
- 京都府学連事件(きょうとふがくれんじけん)は、主として、犯罪捜査としての写真撮影の適法性・合憲性が問題とされ、それぞれ適法・合憲と判断された、日本の最高裁判所による判決の通称。
- It is a popular name of a judgment by the Supreme Court of Japan that mainly judged photographing for criminal investigation as lawful and constitutional.
- 実際に「大はしあたけの夕立」や「亀戸梅屋舗」を模写したフィンセント・ファン・ゴッホをはじめ、日本的な「ジャポニズム」の代表作として西洋の画家に多大な影響を与えたシリーズでもある。
- As a practical matter, as a representative work of very Japanese 'Japonism,' it is a series that cast a large influence on western painters such as Vincent van Gogh, who replicated 'Great Bridge, Sudden Shower at Atake' and 'The Plum Orchard at Kameido.'
- 『継色紙』(つぎしきし)は、もと粘葉装の冊子本で、多くの場合2ページにわたり、『古今和歌集』・『万葉集』などの歌を、紫、藍、赭、緑などに染めた襖鳥の子物語に1首ずつ書写している。
- The 'Tsugi-shikishi' was originally a booklet bound in the decchoso style and containing poems from works such as the 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), with one poem written across two pages which are made of thick 'tori no ko' paper that is dyed various colors including purple, indigo, brown and green.
- 上冷泉家の「御文庫」に保存されてきた古文書・古写本類は、一部研究者にはその存在が知られていたが、長らく非公開とされ、一般にその存在が知られるようになったのは1980年からである。
- The existence of such a wide variety of old documents and manuscripts preserved in the obunko (library) of the Kami branch of the Reizei family was known to a handful of researchers over the years, but the library remained private for a long time, so in general, the extent of their collection was not widely known until 1980.
- これらはすべて青表紙本系の写本を底本にしており、中でも三条西家本を底本にしている(旧)日本古典文学大系本(およびその軽装版である岩波文庫版)を除き基本的に大島本を底本にしている。
- These are all based on the manuscript of the Aobyoshibon line, particularly Oshimabon, except the (old) 'An Anthology of Classical Japanese Literature' (and the Iwanami paperback library of the light-type edition), which was based on Sanjonishikebon.
- しかしこの翻刻は、『申楽談儀』の存在を広く伝えることには寄与したものの、書写を重ねた小杉本を底本とし、種彦本と堀本で訂正、欠けた29段以降は堀本を使う、といった具合に厳密さを欠く。
- Although this reprint contributed to having the public know its existence, it lacks preciseness because it used Kosugibon for the original text, Tanehikobon and Horibon for correction and Horibon for the parts of from Section 29 through 31 that lack in Kosugibon.
- 今ではよく見られる演出だが、侍同士の対決シーンで、すれ違いざま刀を振り下ろし、いったん静止して片方が倒れて死ぬという描写や、効果音として刀の斬殺音を使用したのは、本作が最初である。
- Although it is common practice nowadays, this was the first film to feature a fight sequence in which two samurai swung their swords down as they passed each other and then suddenly stopped moving as one of them collapsed to the ground and died, and the film also used sound effects to accompany the action in swordfights.
- 現在、法隆寺金堂にある壁画は1967年から1968年(昭和42 - 43年)にかけて、当時の著名画家たちによって模写されたものである(前述の1940年から開始された模写とは別物)。
- Today, the murals in the Kondo of Horyu-ji Temple were reproduced by well-known painters over a period from 1967 to 1968 (which are different replicas created since 1940, mentioned previously in this section).
- 扇紋には五本骨扇等の骨の数によって表されるものや・より写実的な図案の雁木扇や反り返りの付けられた反り扇、また、扇の部位を用いた扇骨(おうぎぼね)や地紙(じがみ)といったものもある。
- Ogi-mon crests include a five-ribs-fan crest representing the number of ribs, a Gangi-ogi crest showing realistic designs, a Sori-ogi crest with a portion of sori-kaeri (leaning backward) and an Ogi-bone (ogi-ribs) and a Jigami using parts of a fan.
- また右大臣源融の邸宅河原院の庭園は奥州塩釜の海景や松島の浮島、六条院は丹後の天の橋立の模写などがそれであり、これらは前時代からの自然風景の縮景手法の延長線上に行われたことが伺える。
- And Udaijin (minister of the right) MINAMOTO no Toru's garden at his residence, Kawara-no-in imitated the sea scenery of Shiogama, Mutsu Province and Uki-shima island (one of the islands in Matsushima Bay) of Matsushima (the islands in Matsushima Bay), and Rokujo-in imperial villa imitated Amanohashidate (the sand spit in Miyazu Bay in Tango Province, known as one of the three best scenes in Japan), and all of these are extensions of shukukei (an artificial scene constructed in a garden, which mimicked a famous natural scene) technique from the previous era.
- 藤原定家により写本の奥に書き付けられた注釈にである『奥入』に第一次と第二次があることを考えても青表紙本の定義である「藤原定家の定めた本文」がそもそも一通りではないとする見方もある。
- Considering that there are the first and the second 'Okuiri,' the commentary which was added at the end of the manuscript by FUJIWARA no Teika, some people think that the Aobyoshi-bon, which was defined as 'the text fixed by FUJIWARA no Teika,' has several versions in the first place.
- また、ヨンストン著『動物図譜』などの洋書を模写することによって、従来の東洋画では定型化されていた獅子やヘビ、ウマなどの動物表現についても、陰影をつけて立体感をあらわす方法を学んだ。
- Also, by copying Western books including Jonston's 'Dobutsu Zufu' (Zoological Encyclopedia), he learned techniques of drawing animals such as lions, snakes and horses, which had been a stereotype of Oriental paintings, in three dimensions by using shadow effects.
- 日本古来からの物真似や形態模写などのお笑い芸や剣舞や独り相撲の舞踊りと唐から伝わった奇術や手品または、軽業や曲芸などの芸が合わさりできた芸能で、奉納相撲や御神楽祭の夜祭で演じられた。
- It consisted of impersonations and other comedy routines, sword dancing, and dancing in one man sumo, as well as Tang's magic shows, acrobatics and stunts performed at honozumo (ritual sumo matches held at a shrine) and kagura (Shinto music and dance) festivals held at night.
- そもそも藤原定家は当時の本文の状況を「乱れていてどれが正しいのかわからない。」と認識しており、さまざまな写本を照合したが「本文上の疑問点を解決することは出来なかった。」と述べている。
- First of all, FUJIWARA no Teika recognized that the text in those days were 'out of order and I could not tell which one was correct,' and although he compared various manuscripts, he said, 'I could not solve the problems about the text.'
- なお皇后美智子が結婚・即位・立太子で、徳仁親王妃雅子が結婚で、文仁親王妃紀子が結婚並びに即位の礼で、夫々使用している写真をフォトグラフィック関連の書籍及び雑誌等で目にすることができる。
- There are books and magazines that contain photographs of hiogi fans used by the Empress Michiko at ceremonies of marriage, enthronement, and investiture of the Crown Prince; Princess Masako, the wife of Imperial Prince Naruhito at the marriage ceremony; and Princess Kiko, the wife of Imperial Prince Fumihito at the ceremonies of marriage and enthronement.
- 活動写真(映画)会社「日活」設立、「吉本興業」設立、美術団体「光風会」結成、京都市電開通、JTB(日本交通公社)創立、東海道・山陽線に展望車つき特急、大阪「通天閣」開業、有楽町にタクシー
- Establishment of a moving-picture (movie) company 'Nikkatsu,' establishment of 'Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd.,' formation of an art organization 'Koufu-kai,' opening of Kyoto City Streetcars, establishment of Japan Travel Bureau Foundation (JTB), introduction of the limited express trains with observation cars in Tokaido and Sanyo line, opening of 'Tsutenkaku Tower' in Osaka, and introduction of taxis in Yurakucho
- これに激しく怒った崇徳は、自分の舌を噛み切って、その血でせっかくの五つの写本全てに「日本国の大魔縁となり、皇を取って民とし民を皇となさん」「この経を魔道に回向(えこう)す」と書き込んだ。
- Sutoku got furious with Imperial Palace's response, he bit his tongue and wrote on his manuscript book with his blood, ' I will become evil spirit in Japan and change Emperors into ordinary people, ordinary people into Emperor.' 'I will pray for this manuscript book to be used in evil direction.'
- 本館の外見と調和したインド室は、妻の重子夫人の部屋で、インドのアクバル時代の大臣室を模し、インド美術や黒色大理石に宝石を飾った精巧な大額、妻の撮ったヒマラヤ山脈大写真などが飾られていた。
- The Indian room coordinated with the appearance of the main building was the room of his wife, Shigeko where was imitated minister's rooms of the times of Emperor Akbar in India and decorated with Indian art, a large elaborate frame of black marble decorated with jewels and a large picture of the Himalayas taken by her.
- いずれにしても、謹厳な書体の写経と彩り豊かな風俗・景物が扇のなかで一体となった品であり、平安時代末期の貴族の信仰生活のなかに種々の趣味的要素が盛りこまれていたことを端的に示す一例といえる。
- In any case, the reserved calligraphy of the sutras and the colorful pictures of customs and landscapes side by side in one work clearly demonstrate that nobles at the end of the Heian period celebrated relgion in a variety of ways.
- また、明らかに神護寺伝源頼朝像を模写して描かれた大英博物館所蔵の源頼朝像には、賛に頼朝像との明記があり、成立時期が南北朝期-室町期と目されることから、通説を補強する有力な根拠となっていた。
- A portrait of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo which is in the possession of the British Museum with a credit of the portrait of Yoritomo obviously copied the unconfirmed portraits of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo in Jingo-ji Temple; the period of drawing is regarded from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts to the Muromachi period, and it strongly supported the popular theory.
- が、こちらはある未知の書紀古写本から傍訓のみを抜き出し、適宜片仮名を万葉仮名に書き換えてそれらしく装ったもの(時期は院政~鎌倉期か)と推定されており、いわゆる年次私記の直接の末裔ではない。
- However, it is guessed that these are the abstracts of only bokun from an unknown old manuscript of Shoki which pretended to be a record by transferring katakana to Manyo-gana (it is guessed to be done from the insei period (during the period of the government by the Retired Emperor to the Kamakura period), so that they are not direct legacies of the so-called annual private records.
- このような保存・鑑賞・学書に適した形に仕立て上げられた、多く模写や複製による書蹟を「法帖」というが、特に模刻によるものを「刻帖」、対して紙に直接筆記・模写したものを「墨帖」と呼ぶこともある。
- The handwriting thus converted to a suitable form for preservation, appreciation and learning by usually copying and reproducing is referred to as 'hojo,' of which those made by mokoku are called 'kokujo,' while those made by writing/copying directly on paper are called 'bokujo.'
- 天延2年(974年)、父の周防国守赴任に際し同行、4年の歳月を「鄙」にて過ごす(『枕草子』における船旅の描写は、単なる想像とは認めがたい迫真性があり、あるいは作者は水路を伝って西下したか)。
- In 974, when her father was appointed Governor of Suo Province, she accompanied him and spent four years in the 'countryside' (the description of a sea trip in 'The Pillow Book' is so realistic that it can't be a figment of her imagination, so she seems to have traveled to the west by sea).
- 但し青表紙系の本文が本当に元の本文に手を加えていないかどうかについては定家による土佐日記の写本を調べると、本文を意識的に整えたと見られる部分もあることなどから、再検討の必要が唱えられている。
- However, when the manuscript of Tosa Nikki (Tosa Diary) made by Teika was studied, it was found that it contained the parts which he revised on purpose, so some people are asking for a restudy to see if the manuscripts of the Aobyoshi-bon line had really not been revised.
- ・歌詞:戦争で焼ける前の首里城で鎌倉芳太郎(かまくら よしたろう 1898-1983)がノートに筆写した歌詞が残っている(沖縄県立芸術大学附属図書館蔵「鎌倉芳太郎ノート54『唐歌唐踊集』」)。
- - Lyrics: Some lyrics remain that were transcribed into a notebook by Yoshitaro KAMAKURA (1898-1983) prior to Shuri-jo Castle being burnt during the war (Okinawa Prefectural Arts University Library Warehouse 'Yoshitaro KAMAKURA Notebook 54 'Chinese Poem & Tang Dance Compilation'').
- フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホが『タンギー爺さん』という作品の背景に浮世絵を描いたり、広重の絵を油絵で模写したり、エドゥアール・マネの『笛を吹く少年』が浮世絵の影響を受けていることは有名である。
- It is well known that Vincent VAN GOGH drew Ukiyoe on the background of his work entitled 'Portrait of Pere Tanguy' and reproduced Hiroshige's works in his oil painting, while the 'Young Flautist' of Edouard MANET was influenced by Ukiyoe.
- 建武政権の政庁である二条富小路近くの二条河原(鴨川 (淀川水系)流域のうち、現在の京都市中京区二条大橋付近)に掲げられたとされる落書(政治や社会などを批判した文)で、写本として現代にも伝わる。
- Hand written copies (criticizing and satirizing politics and society) have been passed down through the years up until today, and it is said to have been displayed at the Nijo river beach near Nijo Tomikoji Street in the Kamogawa river basin (Yodogawa river system) (near the present day Nijo-Ohashi Bridge, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City) where the Kenmu regime's office was.
- その系譜についても、伝承されている系図が、南部氏の史料とは概ね一致するものの、前述の寺社修造棟札写から復元される歴代とは異なっており、女川家も含めてその実態については今後の研究が待たれている。
- For the pedigree also, although the handed-down genealogy roughly concord with the historical materials kept by the Nanbu clan, it does not concord with the years estimated based on the description of the above mentioned copy of Shaji shuzo munefuda, thus, including that of the Onagawa family, further research has been expected for the actual state.
- 海洋博の写真を収めた書籍「海 その望ましい未来」、海洋博の記録映画『公式長編記録映画 沖縄海洋博』にも開会式・閉会式に参列した皇太子夫妻の姿が収録され現在でも図書館などで目にすることができる。
- Umi, sono-nozomashii mirai' (literally, Preferable future of Ocean), a book illustrated with photographs related to the exposition, and 'An official long record film, Okinawa Ocean Expo,' a record film of the exposition, recorded the Crown Prince and Crown Princess attending both the opening ceremony and the closing ceremony, which is still kept in libraries and so on.
- たとえば、キリシタンが遺した写本資料からどのように、またどれをもとにして出版したのか、同じ原書に対してローマ字本と国字本がある場合どちらの内容が先行し又どのように違うか、ということが考えられる。
- Some examples of the conceivable problems are how the books were published from the transcription data left by Christians, from which data were the books published, and which contents took precedence or how they differed in the Japanese script version and the Roman script version of Jesuit Mission Press that were published based on the same original book.
- 住宅、古写本とも長らく一般公開はされてこなかったが、1994年から2000年にかけて「平成の大修理」が行われたことを受け、冷泉家住宅のみ2001年秋に抽選の当選者に限って初めて5日間公開された。
- Both the residence and the manuscripts had not been open to the public for a very long time, but having received aid from the Great Heisei Repairs (a nationwide effort to restore old buildings to their ancient appearance) which lasted from 1994 to 2000, the Reizei residence only was opened to the public for the first time--but only to winners of a special lottery--for five days in the fall of 2001.
- 没年は未詳であるが、息子・長屋王が神亀5年(728年)に奉納したと言われる長屋王願経(神亀経)の釈文(写経の目的は父母の菩提を弔う、とする)から、神亀5年以前には亡くなっていたものと考えられる。
- Although the year of her death was unknown, according to Nagaya-o gankyo (the transliterated text of handwritten sutra of Nagaya-o [also known as the Jinki sutra]) that was believed her son, Nagaya-o dedicated in 728 (to hold a memorial service of his parents), it is considered that she died before 728.
- 『古事記』の「日本神話においては、タケミカヅチ(タケミカヅチ)の派遣(葦原中国平定)の際、タケミナカタ(タケミナカタ)が、「然欲爲力競」と言った後タケミカヅチの腕を掴んで投げようとした描写がある。
- The volume of Kamiyo (ages of gods) in the 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), which refers to the Japanese myth, includes a story concerning Takeminakata (a Japanese god) saying to Takemikazuchi (a Japanese god) that he wanted to find out which of them was the stronger god, and attempting to grab Takemikazuchi's arm and throw him, when Takemikazuchi was dispatched to Ashihara no Nakatsukuni (the Central Land of Reed Plains) in order to conquer that place.
- これは、修法の会得をしようとせず、経典を写して文字の表面上だけで密教を理解しようとする最澄に対して諌めたもので、空海は密教では経典だけではなく修行法や面授口伝を尊ぶことを理由に借経を断ったという。
- This was a admonition to Saicho, who tried to understand Esoteric Buddhism superficially by making a handwritten copy of Sutra, not mastering the method in esoteric Buddhism; Kukai declined to lend the scriptures insisting that Esoteric Buddhism laid importance not only on scriptures but on ascetic practices and Face to Face Transmission.
- 記録に海浜・荒磯・島など海景描写の多いことは日本庭園形成の基幹を位置付けるものとして重要で海からはるかに遠い山国にあっても海景とくに瀬戸内海の美しい風景はこのころから追憶、あこがれの対象であった。
- It is significant that there are many portrayals of sea scenery such as; the seashore, the rough shoreline, and an islan, in records to evaluate it as a nucleus to form Nihon teien, and even in mountainous areas far removed from the sea, ocean scenery, especially from that of the Seto Inland Sea, was an object of remembrance and adoration since that time.
- このうち三条西実隆が入手して子孫に伝えた梅沢本(40巻17帖)は、鎌倉時代中期までに書写された現存最古の完本として昭和10年(1935年)に旧国宝、昭和30年(1955年)には新国宝に指定された。
- Among them, the Umezawa manuscript (40 chapters, 17 books), which Sanetaka SANJONISHI obtained and gave his descendants, was designated as a former National Treasure in 1935 and as a present National Treasure in 1955, as the oldest complete manuscript copied by hand before the mid-Kamakura period.
- 一方で東京に出てからは、十五代目羽左衛門系の颯爽とした芸系とともに、尾上松緑 (2代目)に師事して尾上菊五郎 (6代目)の写実的な世話物の系統、また松緑が得意とした荒事や舞踏にいたるまで広く学んだ。
- On the other hand, after he went to Tokyo, along with the smart artistic style of Uzaemon XV, he became Shoroku ONOE II's pupil and learned extensively of the art of Kikugoro ONOE's sewamono (the realistic genre of a play that deals with life and current events of the common people) as well as aragoto (kabuki play featuring exaggerated posture, makeup, and costume) and the dancing which was Shoroku's forte.
- なお親王の日記『吏部王記』は原本も写本も現存しないが、後世の日記や書物に引用された逸文から見て、朝議に関する詳細な記録を書き留めたものであったらしく、当時の朝廷の儀式・典礼に関する貴重な史料である。
- Also, although the original manuscript for Ribuoki (also pronounced Rihioki), the diary of Imperial Prince Shigeakira, has not survived and no copies are presently known to exist, extracts from it that appear in later diaries and documents suggest that it included detailed reports on conferences held at the Imperial Court, providing a valuable historical record of the ceremonies and rituals practiced at the Imperial Court at that time.
- これらの短所は、泥土の混入の比率の多い下張り用の間似合紙のことであり、混入比率の少ない高級間似合紙や鳥の子紙になると、欠点が少なくなり、色紙や短冊、書簡用半切り紙、書写用経紙、藩札などに用いられた。
- These disadvantages are specific to the maniai-shi for groundwork which contains more soil, and the high quality maniai-shi and torinoko paper containing less soil, having fewer advantages, were used for various papers such as a colored paper, a paper strips to write waka or other characters on, hankiri paper for a letter, paper for Buddhist sutra writing and for han-fuda bills.
- 鎌倉時代(かまくらじだい、1185年頃-1333年)の『土蜘蛛草子』には、九十九神(つくもがみ・妖怪の一種)の原型ともいえる描写があり、その様々な妖怪の描写の中には「五徳と牛が合体したもの」が描かれた。
- There appear the various depictions of what can be called the archetype of Tsukumogami (a kind of specter) in 'Tsuchigumo zoshi' (Tales of the Giant Spider) written in the Kamakura period (circa 1185 – 1333), and in it, there is a depiction of a 'monster, who is half-gotoku and half-cow.'
- また「吾妻獅子」(峰崎勾当作曲)、「越後獅子」(同)、 「御山獅子」(菊岡検校作曲)など「獅子物」と呼ばれる曲群の手事は、直接獅子舞を描写するというよりは、格調高くしかも華麗な旋律を持つのが特徴である。
- Also a group of pieces of tegoto called 'shishimono' (pieces about lions) such as 'Azuma Jishi' and 'Echigojishi,' both by Koto MINEZAKI, and 'Miyamajishi' (by Koto ISHIKAWA) have a feature of stylish and gorgeous melodies rather than being a direct description of shishimai (lion dance).
- 明楽は清楽に押されて早くに衰退したこともあり、日本で単に「月琴」と言えば、清楽で使う月琴(写真参照)を指す(阮咸(明楽の月琴)と清楽の月琴の形状の差異については、清楽の頁の「明清楽器」の図を参照のこと)。
- As Ming-era Chinese music declined early under the pressure of Xing-era Chinese music, if they simply mention 'gekkin,' it means gekkin used for Xing-era Chinese music (refer to photographs) (For the difference in appearance between 'ruanxian'(gekkin for Ming-era Chinese music) and gekkin for Xing-era Chinese music, refer to figures of 'Ming and Xing-era musical instruments' on the page for Xing-era Chinese music.)
- 東京の高松豊次郎の主宰した小プロダクション「活動写真資料研究会」の「タカマツ・アズマプロダクション吾嬬撮影所」の所長兼監督だった山根幹人は、この設立と同時に入社し、「東亜キネマ甲陽撮影所」の監督となった。
- Mikito YAMANE, who was the head and director of 'Azuma Studio, Takamatsu Azuma Production' of 'Katsudo Shashin Shiryo Kenkyukai,' a small production presided by Toyojiro TAKAMATSU in Tokyo, joined the company when it was established and became a director of 'Toa Kinema Koyo Studio.'
- 推古天皇28年(620年)頃、蘇我馬子が飛鳥川畔に作った「島」が日本庭園の最も古い記録で、その流れを受けたと思われる草壁王子の住居「島の宮」は中島、橋、池汀、荒磯を配置した自然風景を描写したものとされる。
- The 'Island' built by SOGA no Umako at the banks of the Asuka-gawa River, around AD 628 when Empress Suiko had ruled for 28 years, was the oldest Japanese garden on record, and it seems that the style was followed in building Prince Kusakabe's dwelling 'Island Palace,' which enjoys a natural scenery arranged with an island in a pond, bridge, a pond beach and a rough shoreline.
- 1922年(大正11年)春、横浜の大活にいた知人山内英三(のちの映画監督)のツテで牧野監督の『実録忠臣蔵』の試写を観た22歳の寿々喜多呂九平は、いきなり京都入りして「牧野教育映画製作所」の文芸部に入社した。
- At the age of 22, Rokuhei SUSUKITA, after seeing 'Jitsuroku Chushingura' (True Record of the Forty-seven Ronin), a movie directed by Makino, at a preview which he could attend through his personal connection with Eizo YAMAUCHI (later became a film director) working for Daikatsu in Yokohama at that time, suddenly came to Kyoto and joined the script department of Makino Educational Films in the spring of 1922.
- 神社仏閣や城郭の天守を想起させる切り妻の屋根飾りに合掌組を反曲させた曲線(写真建物の上端部)は、宗教性や権威を誇るディテールであり、また、極楽浄土へいざなう入り口を示すシンボリックな側面を合わせ持っている。
- A curve (at the upper end of the photo) of the recurved principal rafter is used to decorate a gable roof, reminding people of shrines and temples, or the tenshu (keep or tower) of a castle is a detail that proudly denotes religion and authority while having a symbolic feature showing the entrance leading to the Pure Land of Amitabha.
- 藤原定家の『明月記』は『吾妻鏡』1200年(正治2年)3月27日条から頼家・実朝将軍記に限って使用されているが、『吾妻鏡』の編纂者がそれを借り受け、書写したとしたら、その時期は1290年頃から以降となろう。
- 'Azuma Kagami' referred to the records in FUJIWARA no Teika's 'Meigetsuki,' although it is confined only to the record of Shogun Yoriie and Sanetomo since March 27, 1200, and if the compiler of 'Azuma Kagami' borrowed and copied the diary, it would have been around 1290.
- それ以外にも古注の一つ、『白造紙』に「サクヒト」、「サムシロ」、「スモリ」といった巻名が、また藤原為氏の書写と伝えられる源氏物語古系図に、「法の師」、「すもり」、「桜人」、「ひわりこ」といった巻名が見える。
- An ancient commentary known as 'Hakuzoshi' makes reference to chapters called 'Sakuhito', 'Samushiro', and 'Sumori', and an old edition of The Tale of Genji that is said to have been copied by FUJIWARA no Tameuji mentions chapters called 'Norinoshi,' 'Sumori,' 'Sakurabito' and 'Hiwariko'.
- これ以上の侵食を防ぐため、行政では砂州上にそれと直交して小型の堆砂堤を多数設置し、流出する土砂をそこで食い止めようとしている(写真南側よりの眺め(飛龍観)の向かって右側の砂浜がノコギリ状になっている部分)。
- To prevent further erosion, the administration has installed many small erosion barriers on the sand bar in an attempt to stop the sand from washing away (in the picture from the south (Hiryukan), it is the part on the right where the beach is serrated).
- 【写真2】上からコンサートフルート(C)、尺八(一尺八寸、D、木管7孔)、七孔・唄用篠笛(上から三本調子G、六本調子Bb、八本調子C)、六孔・囃子用篠笛(六本調子)、ソプラノリコーダー(C)、ピッコロ(D)。
- [Photo 2] From above, concert flute (C), shakuhachi bamboo flute (isshaku hassun (the full name for the standard length of shakuhachi) (D), woodwind seven- hole), seven-hole flute for songs (from above, sanbon-joshi scale (G), roppon-joshi scale (Bb), happon-joshi scale (C), six-hole flute for musical accompaniment (played on traditional Japanese instruments) (roppon-joshi scale), soprano recorder (C), piccolo (D).
- 「探幽縮図」と称される探幽筆の古画模写は多数現存しており、各地の美術館や収集家が所蔵しているが、これらには今日では原画が失われてしまった古画の模写も多数含まれており、日本絵画史研究上、貴重な資料となっている。
- Many of Tanyu's copies of ancient paintings (called 'Tanyu Reduction') are existent, which are now part of museums and collections around the nation, and they include many copies of ancient paintings whose originals are now lost, so they are valuable as data for the study of Japanese art history.
- そのため、1926年(昭和元年)から自身が進めていた源氏物語の校本作成事業において、それまで河内本系統の写本を元に作業を進め、1931年(昭和6年)に一度は完成し、完成記念の展観会まで催された原稿を破棄した。
- For that reason, during the project of making a variorum for Genji Monogatari that he himself had been engaged in since 1926, he destroyed the notes that he had already composed based upon the manuscripts of the Kawachi-bon line, the very notes that he had once completed in 1931and had even held an exhibition to celebrate.
- 上段の写真にあるような五段、七段(七段飾りは高度経済成長期以降、八段飾りはバブル期以降)の檀飾りが多かったが、最近では部屋の大きさに合わせたり雛人形を出し入れしやすいように段数を減らしたものが主流となっている。
- The doll displays on the five-tiered platform in the picture in the upper part of this section, the seven-tiered platform since the period of high economic growth and the eight-tiered platform since the bubble economy have been popular, but today, the doll displays on fewer tiers are mainstream to match the size of rooms or to take the dolls in and out easily.
- 後世に残されたもののうち、三条西家所蔵本には『小右記』、伏見宮家所蔵本には『野府記』という書名が付けられており、近世以後の写本・刊本はそのいずれかの系統に依拠するところが大きかったために、両方の書名が並存した。
- There are two main versions of this diary that have survived for posterity, the one in the Sanjonishi family library (entitled 'Ouki'), and the one in the Fushiminomiya family library (entitled 'Yafuki'), and as most manuscripts and printings of this diary in recent years rely on one or the other of these two versions, both titles continue to co-exist.
- 現存する本は元禄年間に秋田藩の藩史編纂のために真壁氏幹の末裔真壁充幹(甚太夫)が藩主佐竹氏に提出したもの(現在は千秋文庫所蔵)が唯一で、東京大学史料編纂所所蔵影写本及び現在の刊行本なども全てこれを元にしている。
- The original copy existing today was written by Mitsumoto MAKABE (Jindayu) who was a descendant of Ujimoto MAKABE during the Genroku era in order to compile the history of the Akita domain and submitted to the head of Satake clan, the lord of the domain (Senshu Library owns the copy at present); therefore, the manuscripts stored at the Historiographical Institute at the University of Tokyo and books published today all originate with the original copy.
- 正確な成立時期は分かっていないものの、仁治元年(1240年)に藤原定家によって書写された『兵範記』(平信範の日記)の紙背文書に「治承物語六巻号平家候間、書写候也」とあるため、それ以前に成立したと考えられている。
- Although it is not known exactly when the tale was completed, the shihai monjo (an old document which was written on the other side of a piece of used paper) of 'Heihanki' (diary of TAIRA no Nobunori) transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika in 1240 states that 'Jisho Monogatari volume Six, transcribed,' therefore it is considered that the tale was completed before 1240.
- 綿密な構成と、大学之助と太平次という冷酷な主人公の性格描写もさることながら、登場人物が三十人近もく殺され、大詰をのぞいて、善人たちが全滅するという異常な内容は、化政期の爛熟から頽廃に傾きかけた文化を体現している。
- In addition to its elaborate structure and description of the ruthless main characters, Daigakunosuke and Taheiji, its unusual story where nearly thirty characters are killed and all good people die except for the final act, embodies the mature culture of Kasei era falling into decadence.
- この際、作者の紫式部が受領階級の娘であり妻であったという、当時の身分・階級制度の中では高いとは言えない地位にあったことも、本文を忠実に写し取り伝えていこうとする動機を欠く要因になったとする意見も学者の中には多い。
- Some scholars state that the author Murasaki Shikibu was a daughter and wife of Zuryo rank, which was not a high rank in the hierarchy of those days, and this meant people would copy her work less faithfully.
- 第一は、最高裁は、捜査としての写真撮影を適法に行うためには、(1)現行犯的状況、(2)証拠保全の必要性・緊急性、(3)相当性という3つの要件が備わっていなければならない、という基準を示したのだ、という解釈である。
- First, it was interpreted that the Supreme Court showed the criteria for photographing in the course of investigation legally required the three conditions as follows: (1) Circumstances in which a crime is being committed or it does not seem long since a crime was committed; (2) There is an urgent need for preservation of evidence; (3) Photographs taken by an appropriate method within a generally allowable limit.
- 例えば、雅楽の演奏の時には殆ど化粧しない東儀秀樹が写真集の中で歌舞伎舞踊と同様の舞台化粧で登場する、元々厚化粧の印象が強い浜崎あゆみもデジタルカメラの広告で更に厚化粧になる、と言うようなケースは枚挙にいとまが無い。
- Hideki TOGI, for example, who hardly ever puts on any makeup during his performances in gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music), appeared in a photo book wearing stage makeup similar to what is used in Kabuki Buyo, and Ayumi HAMASAKI, who already gives a strong impression of wearing atsugesho, puts on even heavier atsugesho in advertisements for digital cameras and other similar cases too numerous to mention.
- 料紙はいずれも雲母(きら)を引き、墨流しや金銀の切箔(きりはく)、野毛、砂子(すなご)などを散らしてきわめて多様に意匠をこらしたもので、そこに濃彩の優美な大和絵風俗画を手彩色の下絵として描き、その上に経文を書写する。
- A solution of powdered mica powder is applied to the paper, which is then decorated using a marbling technique, with grains, slices and pieces of gold or silver leaf randomly sprinkled over each ryoshi, and on such highly decorated paper, elegant Fuzokuga (pictures of manners and customs) in the Yamato-e style were hand painted in deep colors and then sutras written.
- 民間信仰における女性の神格性(女神)とは些か趣を異としており、天女自身が超常の力を持つという描写は少なく、地上へは専ら何らかの連絡か個人的な用事(水浴びなど)のために訪れるというだけで、その存在自体は比較的俗である。
- There is a slight difference in meaning between tennyo and the deification of females (goddesses) in folk beliefs; tennyo themselves are rarely portrayed as having supernatural powers, and because they visit the human world only to give messages and to take care of personal tasks (such as bathing), their existence itself is relatively mundane.
- テレビ用時代劇は他のテレビ番組が急速にビデオ撮影による収録に切り替わっていく中、1990年代後半までは映画用写真フィルムによる撮影を主流とし、'ドラマ'というよりは'映画'的なコンテンツとして特異な地位を確立していた。
- Whilst video-tape was rapidly taking over as the recording medium for other television shows, jidaigeki continued mainly to be shot using motion-picture film, thus establishing a unique status of being more 'movies' than 'dramas.'
- 文永4年(1267年)、同書二巻に加えた奥書に「文永六年姑洗二日於武蔵国比企郡北方麻師宇郷書写畢」(文永六年姑洗二日、武蔵国比企郡北方麻師宇郷に於いて書写し畢んぬ)とあるところから、晩年は同地に住まったものと思われる。
- In the Okugaki (postscript) he added onto two books in 1267, he describes how the handwriting had been finished in Mashiugo, Kitakata, Hiki County, Musashi Province on April 11, 1269, indicating that he lived there in his later years.
- 現代では漫画などで「泥棒が盗品を風呂敷に包んで背負う姿」などに描かれている「唐草模様」(当ページの写真参照)も元来吉祥文様であって、めでたいもののひとつであり、犯罪に関連するものでは全くなかったことに留意すべきである。
- The 'arabesque pattern' (see the photograph on this page) which can be seen presently on cartoons and so on depicting a 'thief who shoulders stolen goods wrapped in arabesque-pattern Furoshiki,' is originally an auspicious omens motif and it should be kept in mind that the pattern has nothing to do with criminal offenses.
- 貫之自筆本は現存しないが、15世紀末までは蓮華王院の宝蔵に蔵されており、その間に藤原定家(1235年)・藤原為家(1236年)・松本宗綱(1490年)・三条西実隆(1492年)らにより書写された以下の4系統が知られる。
- The manuscript in Tsurayuki's own handwriting has not survived, but it had been preserved in the treasure house in the Rengeoin until the end of the fifteenth century, and the following four lines of manuscript, copied by FUJIWARA no Sadaie (1235), FUJIWARA no Tameie (1236), Munetsuna MATSUMOTO (1490) and Sanetaka SANJONISHI (1492), are well known.
- これらの補訂作業の情報はその後刊行されたいくつかの校本(例えば『新日本古典文学大系 源氏物語』1993年(平成5年)~1997年(平成9年))において一部の研究者が本写本を直接調査した結果が部分的に明らかにされてきた。
- For detailed information on these revisions, some scholars have studied the manuscript firsthand and a part of the results has become clear in some variorums published later (e.g. 'Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei Genji Monogatari ' from 1993 through 1997).
- 同じく奥書によれば、泰際が書写を行った原本は、平安時代末期の に、「指御子」(さしのみこ) と呼ばれた安倍泰親 (あべ やすちか) から、子息の安倍親長 (あべ ちかなが) へ、『占事略决』が伝授された時のものである。
- Also according to its okugaki, the original based on which Yasukiwa transcribed was the one that was used when ABE no Yasuchika, who was called 'Sashinomiko' in the last days of the Heian period, instructed 'Senji ryakketsu' to his son ABE no Chikanaga.
- 1891年(明治24年)には小学校祝日大祭儀式規程(明治24年6月17日文部省令第4号)が定められ、天皇皇后の御真影(写真)に対する最敬礼と万歳奉祝、校長による教育勅語の奉読などからなる儀式を小学校で行うことになった。
- In 1891 Regulations for Elementary School Ceremonies on Festivals and Holidays were issued (Order of the Ministry of Education no. 4, June 17, 1891) and thus ceremonies at elementary schools were held with acts like making a deep bow in front of a portrait (picture) of the Emperor and the Empress, shouting 'banzai' to wish for their long life and a reading of the Imperial Rescript on Education in a respectful manner by the principal.
- さらにそれまで日本に招来された大量の仏典を書写し研究する中で、南都六宗の背景にある天台教義の真髄を学ぶ必要を感じ始め、親交のあった和気氏を通じて桓武天皇に天台宗の学習ならびに経典の招来のための唐へ留学僧の派遣を願い出た。
- Furthermore, while he copied lots of Buddhist scriptures brought into Japan, he began to feel the need to study the essence of Tendai Doctrine behind Nanto rokushu and through the Wake clan whom he was familiar with, he pleaded Emperor Kanmu to send him as ryugakuso (foreign priest studying Buddhism) to study Tendai sect and bring Buddhist scriptures to Japan.
- しかしながら資料が曖昧であり、最古のレシピが本当に舞鶴で作られたものなのか他の鎮守府から伝わったレシピを書き写したものではないのかという論争が決着していないため、両市とも大岡裁き的に「舞鶴・呉の双方が発祥地」としている。
- However, as the data is unclear and the dispute is not yet settled if the oldest recipe was really written in Maizuru or copied from a recipe having been passed from another chinjufu, both cities have made a decision worthy of Solomon, saying 'both Maizuru and Kure are the birthplace.'
- クロード・ドビュッシーが北斎の『神奈川沖波裏』に触発されて『海 (ドビュッシー)』を作曲するなど(1905年に出版された総譜の表紙になっていたり、書斎に飾ってあることが分かる写真がある)、影響はクラシック音楽にも及んだ。
- Ukiyoe even influenced classical music, as Claude DEBUSSY was inspired by Hokusai's 'Kanagawa oki nami ura (Behind the Great Wave at Kanagawa)' and composed 'La Mer (The Sea)'(the print was used on the front cover of the full score published in 1905, and there is a photograph in which the print can be identified as an ornament in a study).
- なお藪内家を象徴する茶室である燕庵は、相伝を受けた者に限り絶対忠実に写すことを許され、また家元で失なわれた際には最も古い写しが家元に寄付されるという定めがあり、このとき摂津有馬にあった写しが移築されて現在に伝わっている。
- Only the successor is permitted to copy Ennan, the tea room which is the symbol of the Yabunouchi family, and only if it is copied absolutely identically, and if the original room at the head of the school is lost, the oldest copy must be donated to the head; the current building was a copy which was located in Settsu-Arima and transferred to the current location.
- 確認後、中務省の責任者3名(卿・大輔・少輔)が内記の記した官位姓の下に自署を行い正文を作成した後に、その写本を太政官に送付し、太政官の史 (律令制)が「奉勅旨如右、符到奉行」の文言を加えて署名し、弁官の署名がこれに続く。
- After confirmation, the three responsible people (Kyo, Taifu, Sho) in the Nakatsukasasho created the body text with their own signatures under the official rank surname written by a naiki, sent the manuscript to Daijokan (Grand Council of State), and the Shi of Daijokan (the ritsuryo system) added the wording of 'hochoku (obeying imperial order) is as the right mentioned, and ensure implementation when it arrives', and was then appended with the Benkan's signature.
- なお、昭和37年(1962年)、三重県上野市(現・伊賀市)の旧家から発見された上嶋家文書(江戸時代末期の写本)によると、伊賀、服部氏族の上嶋元成の三男が猿楽(能)の大成者である観阿弥で、その母は楠木正成の姉妹であるという。
- According to the kamijima-ke bunsho (documents of the Kamijima family; it was the manuscript from the end of Edo Period) found in 1962 from an old house in Ueno city (present day Iga city) in Mie Prefecture, the third son of Gensei UESHIMA is Kanami, the master of sarugaku (form of theatre popular in Japan during the 11th to 14th centuries) or Noh and his mother is a sister of Masashige.
- 「凱風快晴」や「山下白雨」のように、富士山を画面いっぱいに描いた作品から、「神奈川沖浪裏」や「甲州伊沢暁」のように遠景に配したものまであり、四季や地域ごとに多彩な富士山のみならず、各地での人々の営みも生き生きと描写している。
- Some of these prints have Mt. Fuji filling the whole picture space as in 'Gaifu kaisei' (South Wind, Clear Sky [also known as Red Fuji]) or 'Sanka hakuu' (Rainstorm Beneath the Summit); others have distant views of Mt. Fuji as in 'Kanagawa oki namiura' (The Great Wave off Kanagawa) or 'Koshu Isawa no Akatsuki' (Dawn at Isawa in Kai Province); in this way, this series vividly portrays not only various scenery of Mt. Fuji in the four seasons and in different places but also daily lives of local people.
- 「高野切」などの「切(きれ)」とは美術史、書道史、茶道などの用語で、元来巻物や冊子本であった和歌集、漢詩集などの写本を、鑑賞用とするため切断し、掛軸に仕立てたり、手鑑(でかがみ)と称するアルバムに貼り込んだりしたものを指す。
- The 'kire' (or 'gire') from 'Koya-gire' is a technical term used in art history, calligraphic history, and the tea ceremony; it refers to the process of cutting out sections of the original scrolls or booklets of the waka or kanshi (Chinese poem) anthologies and featuring them for aesthetic reasons, for example by integrating them into a kakejiku (hanging scroll) or pasting them into albums called 'dekagami' (literally 'hand mirrors,' collections of handwriting).
- 日本庭園の沿革から構成方法いたるまでを小川一真の撮影による写真を多く用いて視覚的にもわかりやすくまとめたもので、コンドルは、日本の庭園造形は周囲の自然風景の特徴ある部分を選び出してレ・プレゼントしたものである、と説明している。
- He wrote about the history of Nihon teiens and the method of composition, citing photographs taken by Isshin OGAWA, and made it easier to understand visually, Conder explained the idea behind Japanese landscape gardening is to pick up the characteristic part of the surrounding environment and re-present them.
- 財団法人冷泉家時雨亭文庫(れいぜいけしぐれていぶんこ)は、藤原定家の子孫であり、歌道の家として知られる冷泉家(上冷泉家)に伝わる古写本、建築、年中行事などの文化遺産を保存し、冷泉流古今伝授を継承することを目的として設立された。
- The Foundation for the Reizei family's Shigure-tei library was founded by the descendants of FUJIWARA no Teika; it was created both to store and protect the cultural treasures, including old manuscripts, architectural items, and reports of annual events that had been passed down in the Reizei family, which was well known as a poetic family, and for the purpose of instructing succeeding generations in the Reizei school of kokin denju, or interpretation of the poetry in the Kokinshu.
- 上述のように模刻はさまざまな欠点をはらみ、結果的に一時とはいえ法帖の信頼性を失わせるところまで追い込んでしまった問題のある伝写法であるが、一方でこの模刻によって現在散逸した書蹟が伝わっているという事実があることも忘れてはならない。
- As discussed above, mokoku is a problematic copying method with various defects which eventually even destroyed the hojo's credibility at one point, but it should also be remembered that thanks to the mokoku, scattered and lost calligraphy works can be seen today.
- これは、『栄華物語』月の宴の巻に、「むかし高野の女帝の御代、天平勝宝5年には左大臣橘卿諸兄諸卿大夫等集りて万葉集をえらび給」とあり、これが元暦校本の裏書に、またある種の古写本の奥書にもはいったことが、一定の信憑性をもつものである。
- A certain level of reliability of the supposition is ensured by the fact that there is a description in 'Eiga monogatari' (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes), Volume of Tsuki no Utage (party of the moon), saying 'in 753, TACHIBANA no Moroe the Sadaijin and others gathered to select Manyoshu poems in the era of the Empress of Koya' and that this description was included in the book-end notes of Genryaku Kohon (Genryaku Collated Text) and in the postscript of a certain old manuscript.
- しかし、正税帳とともに受領功過定の審査に必要な資料とされていたため、12世紀までは作成されていたものの、現実を反映していない過去の記録の引き写しであったと言われている(保安 (日本)元年(1120年)作成とされる摂津国租帳など)。
- However, since it was treated as materials necessary for examination at zuryo koka sadame (the conference for judging Zuryo's result) along with Shozeicho (balance sheets of tax rice), Yusocho was created until the 12th century, but it is said that descriptions contained in Yusocho were excerpts from and copies of past records which did not mirror reality (Socho of Settsu Province believed to be made in 1120 and so on).
- 戦国時代 (日本)や江戸時代初期においては介錯人がつかず、腹を十文字に割いたり、器官を引きずり出したりといった過激な方法も用いられていたとされ、軍記物にもそのような描写が散見される(医学上は内臓まで到達するまえに失神するとされる)。
- During the Warring States period and early Edo period, seppuku took the extreme form of jumonji-bara without the aid of kaishaku and followed by the pulling out the internal organs, with depictions of such scenes found within military records (although medical opinion is that one would lose consciousness before reaching the internal organs).
- なお、このときの伊能図の写しを元に1863年にイギリスで「日本と朝鮮半島近傍の沿海図」として刊行され、日本に逆輸入されて、勝海舟(1823年 - 1899年)の手によって慶応3年(1867年)に「大日本国沿海略図」として木版刊行された。
- Based on the copy of Ino map acquired at that time 'Map of Sea along the Coasts of Japan and Korean Peninsula' was published in Britain in 1863, and later it was brought back to Japan and published as 'Rough Map of Sea along the Coast of Great Japan'in woodblock printing by Kaishu KATSU (1823-1899) in 1867.
- しかし、現代の日本の漫画で描かれる大きな目の女性が、現代において美しいとされる女性の顔をリアルに写し取ったものではないのと同じように、小さい目は美人画の様式とも言うべきものであり、小さな目が江戸時代に特に好まれたわけではないようである。
- However, as the large-eyed women drawn in modern Japanese manga are not the realistic reflection of faces of women that are considered beautiful today, small eyes can be called a style of bijinga, and it does not seem to suggest that small eyes were especially favored in the Edo period.
- 物語絵巻は、『枕草子』『伊勢物語』『源氏物語』『宇治拾遺物語』などを、独特の表現で描写し、特に『源氏物語絵巻』は、濃厚な色彩で貴族の生活を描き、家屋は屋根を省略した吹抜屋台で描かれていて、当時の住居の状況や建具の使用状況などが一望できる。
- These monogatari-emaki (illustrated scrolls of tales) could depict in their own way of expression such stories as of 'Makura no Soshi' (the Pillow Book), 'Ise Monogatari' (the Tales of Ise), 'Genji Monogatari' (the Tale of Genji), 'Uji Shui Monogatari' (a collection of the Tales from Uji) and others, and especially 'Genji Monogatari Emaki' (illustrated scrolls of the Tale of Genji) was drawn in rich colors to show the lives of noble class people, by using a special compositional technique called fukinuki-yatai which is useful to depict a residential interior without a roof and ceiling so that viewers can see overall conditions of the residence and furniture of that time.
- 上記の稚児は、古典、近代、等、数多くの文学作品に登場、これらの中でも、繊細、優美、典雅、清楚、可憐、脆弱、等、妙齢の女性と同様の耽美的描写が行われる場合が多い一方、幼さゆえの場違いな発言で僧侶の失笑を買う、等、笑いの対象になる場合もある。
- The chigo mentioned above appeared in many of the classic and modern literature, and they were described as well as young ladies by the words such as sensitive, elegant, graceful, neat and clean, pretty, and fragile, while their comic remarks made by their innocence were met with priests' contemptuous laughter.
- 仁安 (日本)元年(1166年)から建久4年(1193年)まで28年分が記録されていたというが、原本は現存せず、写本(ほとんどは子孫の甘露寺親長の蒐集した書写)や他の書に引用された佚文を合わせても、断続的に13年分が残るのみとなっている。
- The diary is said to have covered 28 years from 1166 to 1193, but the original manuscript is not extant, and the copied manuscript (most of them were collected or copied by his descendant Chikanaga KANROJI) and some lost documents which were cited in other books make only 13-year fragmentary records.
- 被告人は、京都市公安条例は憲法違反(憲法21条違反)であること、巡査による写真撮影は、被告人の意思に反するものであり、肖像権を侵害し(憲法13条違反)、かつ、令状を得て行われたものではないから、令状主義にも反する(憲法35条)と主張した。
- The defendant claimed that Kyoto City Ordinance was in violation of Article 21 of the Constitution and the police officer's act of photographing the defendant against his will and the violation of the right of portrait (violation of Article 13 of the Constitution) without a warrant issued by a judge are also in violation of Article 35 of the Constitution which provides for the principle of warrant.
- それにより古活字本開版の準備をしていた処に、黒田長政献上のものを含むめて、不足分8冊(白紙に近い紙)をそれまで入手していたものと同じ書式で書き写させて51冊とし、これを1605年(慶長10年)印行の底本としたのではと現在では推定されている。
- When he was preparing to publish old typographic books, it is assumed that he ordered copies of the missing eight volumes (which were almost all blank) including the ones presented by Nagamasa KURODA in the same format as the manuscript which he had already had until then, making 51 volumes and using it as an original text to publish in 1605.
- しかし写真もコピーもない当時、紙にしたためられている文字を写し取るには原本を見ながらの模写しか方法がない上、文献と違って書蹟は「文字の形」が重要なため、写すからにはそれ相応の技巧が必要になり、とても誰にでも出来るというような仕業ではなかった。
- Because in those days before photography and photocopy the only way to copy out characters written on paper is through looking at the original characters, and calligraphy, unlike documents, values 'shape of a character,' not everyone could possibly copy calligraphy with enough skills needed.
- 最後に残った4枚(12番蝦夷宗谷、133番山城国・河内国・摂津国、157番備中国・備後国福山市、164番備後・安芸国・伊予国今治市)についても、2004年5月に海上保安庁海洋情報部で保管されていた縮小版の写しの中に含まれていることが判明した。
- As to the other 4 sheets (No.12 Soya, Ezo, No.133 Yamashiro, Kawachi and Settsu Provinces, No.157 Bicchu and Fukuwama City, Bingo Provinces and No. 164 Bingo, Aki and Imabari City, Iyo Provinces), it was discovered in May 2004 that they were included in miniature copies kept by Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard.
- たとえば、『伴大納言絵巻』上巻の応天門の火災の場面は、炎上する応天門、火事見物の群衆、火災の報を聞いて現場に駆け付ける政府の役人などが、途中に「詞」を挟まず、数メートルにわたって絵のみで描写されており、絵巻の特性を生かした例として著名である。
- As a typical example of this feature of emakimono, the first roll of two scrolls of 'Ban Dainagon Emaki' has a scenery of fire at Otenmon (the red-painted front gate) which depicts flaring Otenmon, crowds of viewers, government's officers trotting down on to the site upon receiving information, and so on, in a few meters long series of pictures only without any 'kotoba.'
- このとき毛利と尼子の和議調停に奔走したことで知られる聖護院第25代門跡である道増(1508年(永正5年)-1571年(元亀2年))とその甥道澄(1544年(天文13年)-1608年(慶長13年))の書写による桐壺の巻と夢浮橋の巻が加えられた。
- During this period, the chapters of Kiritsubo (The Paulownia Court) and Yume no Ukihashi (The Floating Bridge of Dreams) were added, which had been copied by Dozo(1508-1571), the 25th monzeki (the priest in charge) of the Shogoin Temple who is known for having engaged in mediation to make peace between the Mori clan and the Amako clan, and his nephew Docho (1544-1608).
- 合方は地歌で言う手事とほぼ同じであり、「佃」「滝流し」など独自の合方もあり長唄の魅力の一つとなっているが、どちらかといえば描写に徹しており、また大方が劇場音楽であるだけに、はるかに多様な音楽的展開を見せた地歌の手事とは性格を異にする部分もある。
- Aikatas are almost the same as tegoto in jiuta and the unique aikata such as 'Tsukuda' or 'Taki nagashi' (Falling down a waterfall) is one enchantment of choka, but they are rather devoted to description and in some points they characteristically differ from the tegoto of jiuta which musically developed far more variously as most of them are for theater music.
- 11世紀より12世紀にかけて成立した数々の物語は、その丁寧な叙述と心理描写のたくみさ、話の波乱万丈ぶりよりも決めこまやかな描写と叙情性や風雅を追求しようとする性向において、あきらかに『宇津保物語』以前の系譜を断ちきり、『源氏物語』に拠っている。
- Many tales composed from the eleventh to twelfth centuries clearly discarded the tradition before 'Utsuho monogatari' and depended instead on 'The Tale of Genji,' in that they had careful narration, excellent psychological descriptions, detailed descriptions rather than eventful stories, and a tendency toward lyricism and refinement.
- 巻末の跋文によれば、執筆の動機および命名の由来は、内大臣藤原伊周が妹中宮藤原定子と一条天皇に当時まだ高価だった料紙を献上した時、「帝の方は『史記』を書写なさったが、こちらは如何に」という宮の下問を受けた清少納言が、「枕にこそは侍らめ」と即答した。
- According to an afterword to the book, her motive for writing the book and the origin of the title came from the episode in which, when Naidaijin (minister of the center) FUJIWARA no Korechika presented to his younger sister FUJIWARA no Empress Teishi and Emperor Ichijo a bundle of paper, which was still expensive in those days, the Empress inquired, 'Emperor used the paper to copy 'Shiki (Records of the Grand Historian),' what do you think we could write on this?' to which Sei Shonagon answered, 'it (the book) would be good to use as a pillow.'
- が、書紀古写本(乾元本神代紀)に「弘仁説」として引用されている『弘仁私記』(和訓が万葉仮名で表記され上代特殊仮名遣も正確)と比べると、現在の伝本(和訓の大半が片仮名表記)は書写の過程ではなはだしく劣化したものであり、原型をとどめていないと見られる。
- However, compared to 'Koninshiki' (the Japanese reading of a Chinese character is written by Manyo-gana (a form of syllabary used in the Manyo-shu or Collection of Myriad Leaves), and ancient special Kana usage is also accurate) which was cited as 'the Konin theory' in an old manuscript of Shoki (Jindaiki (Records of period of gods) of the Kengen book), the existing denpon (existent books of transcription and published books) (most of the Japanese readings of Chinese characters are written in katakana (syllable based writing system of the Japanese language)) was greatly deteriorated during the process of transcript, so that it is regarded to be different from the original form.
- 昭和初期の風俗を描いた永井荷風の名作「濹東綺譚」においては、玉の井の私娼が、配達されたお櫃入りの冷や飯とアルミ鍋に盛られた薩摩芋の煮付けを食べるにあたり、火鉢に掛けたアルミ鍋の薩摩芋、山盛りの沢庵とともに、茶漬けをさらさら掻きこむ描写が描かれている。
- In Kafu NAGAI's famed novel 'Bokuto Kidan' (A Strange Tale from East of the River) which depicts the life and manners of Japanese people in the early Showa period, he described how a prostitute of Tamanoi ate cold rice in a wooden container and an aluminum pot of cooked sweet potatoes with soy sauce; she ate chazuke together with the potatoes warmed on hibachi (a brazier) and heaped takuan (pickled radish).
- 足代弘訓の『雑事記』(嘉暦3年(1328年)頃に成立)に「鳥の子色紙に法華経を書写した」との記述があり、『愚管記』の延文元年(1356年)の条に、「料紙鳥子」とあり、さらに後崇光院の『看聞日記』永享7年(1431年)の条にも「料紙鳥子」の文字が見える。
- In the 'Zatsuji-ki' (record of miscellaneous affairs) written by Hironori AZIRO (around 1328) there is a description that said; 'I copied the Lotus Sutra on torinoko colored paper,' in the section of 1356 in the 'Gukan-ki' (the diary of Michitsugu KONOE in Chinese characters), there is a description as 'ryoshi toriko,' and furthermore, in the section of 1431 in 'Kanmon-nikki' (the diary of Gosuiko-in) the word 'ryohi toriko' is seen as well.
- なお、平安時代末期に成立したと見られる『源氏物語絵巻』には、絵に添えられた詞書として『源氏物語』の本文と見られるものが記されており、その中には現在知られている『源氏物語』の本文と大筋で同じながら現在発見されているどの写本にも見られない本文が含まれている。
- 'The Tale of Genji Emaki,' which seems to have been made in the late Heian period, has some texts similar to 'The Tale of Genji' as Kotobagaki (notes) along with the pictures, and they include some texts that are the same as the present 'The Tale of Genji' in rough outline but are not seen in any existent manuscript.
- 全7巻の内、「覚書」から「台子」までの5巻は、貞享3年(1687年)に千家(南方録・奥書)あるいは「利休秘伝茶湯書五巻所持の人」(岐路弁疑・牒)が秘蔵していたものを書写、その後元禄3年に堺の「宗啓肉族、納屋宗雪」所持の2巻「墨引」「滅後」を書写したという。
- Among seven volumes of the Tachibana book, the first five volumes, from 'Memorandum' to 'Daisu' (a stand for utensils used in the tea ceremony), were copied in 1687 from the treasured volumes kept by the House of Sen (based on Okugaki (postscript) of Nanboroku) or 'the person who has the five volumes of a book of Rikyu's secret teachings for Tea Ceremony' (based on cho (official documents) of Kirobengi (The Tea Book of Jitsuzan Tachibana)); the other two volumes, 'Sumibiki' (Cross out) and 'Metsugo' (After Rikyu's Death), were copied in 1690 from the book owned by 'Sosetsu NAYA, a blood relation of Sokei' in Sakai.
- 『土蜘蛛草子』には、九十九神の原型ともいえる描写があり、鶏や狐の姿をした女性や妖怪としての獏が描かれ、五徳と牛が合体したものや、杵に蛇の体と人の腕が2本くっついたものや、角盥(つのだらい)の縁に歯が生えそのまま顔になっている人形(ひとがた)が描かれている。
- Paintings of the model of Tsukumogami (九十九神) are seen in 'Tsuchigumo no Soshi,' such as women whose figures are the chicken and fox, apparitions of baku (mythological Chinese chimera), things that combine the gotoku (kettle stand) and cattle, the kine (pounder) to which a snake and human teeth are attached, and the hitogata (doll) whose face is tsuno-darai (horned basin) with teeth.
- 現存最古の大間書は鎌倉時代に書写された長徳2年(996年)の大間書(東洋文庫所蔵岩崎文庫本「塚本文書」)があり、同年と保元4年(1159年)・享徳2年(1453年)・天文 (日本)20年(1551年)の大間書が『群書類従』・『続群書類従』に採録されている。
- As to the oldest existing Omagaki, Omagaki transcribed in 996 during the Kamakura period ('Tsukamoto Monjo' in the Iwasaki Collection possessed by Toyo Bunko (Oriental Library)) exists, and Omagaki created in 996, 1159, 1453 and 1551 were selected and recorded in 'Gunsho ruiju' (Collection of historical documents compiled by Hokiichi HANAWA) and 'Zoku Gunshoruiju' (Collection of historical documents, second series).
- 被告人は、公務執行妨害罪及び傷害罪で起訴されたが、巡査による写真撮影は違法捜査であるから、適法な公務執行ではなく、これに抵抗しても公務執行妨害罪は成立しない、として争った(違法な公務執行がなされた場合に公務執行妨害罪が成立しないことは、一般に認められている)。
- The defendant was charged with obstruction of performance of official duties and bodily injury, but he claimed that the police officer's photographing was an illegal investigation and therefore the official duties were not legal and the charge was not valid (it is generally accepted that the charge for obstruction of performance of official duties is not valid when the official duties are illegal).
- なお、「源氏物語絵巻」鈴虫第一段(五島美術館)に描かれる女性の装束はかつて「細長」とされ、裾の分かれた細長の形状を示す例とされていたが、近年科学調査に基づく復元模写作成過程で、裳をつけた袿姿であることが明らかになっている(『よみがえる源氏物語絵巻』NHK出版)。
- In the meantime, although the costume of a lady depicted in the chapter one of the roll of The Bell Cricket in 'Genji monogatari emaki' (the Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji) (in The Gotoh Museum) used to be thought as 'hosonaga' and it was an example of the shape of the clothes whereby the hem was separated, it turned out recently to be 'uchigi sugata with mo' and not hosonaga through reconstructing and reproducing work of the rolls based on scientific research ('Yomigaeru Genji Monogatari Emaki' (Reviving Illustrated Handscroll of the Tale of Genji, NHK Publishing).
- 第三種と同筆または同系統の筆跡としては、粘葉本(でっちょうぼん)和漢朗詠集(三の丸尚蔵館蔵)、元暦校本万葉集巻一(東京国立博物館蔵)、伊予切(和漢朗詠集の断簡、諸家分蔵)、蓬莱切(未詳歌集の断簡、諸家分蔵)、法輪寺切(和漢朗詠集写本の断簡、諸家分蔵)などがある。
- Examples of brushwork in the same or closely related hand as that of the calligrapher of the third style include the Deccho manuscript of the Wakan roeishu (owned by the Sannomaru Shozokan), the first scroll of the Genryaku kobon manuscript of the Manyoshu (owned by Tokyo National Museum), the Iyo-gire (dankan from the Wakan roeishu, owned by various families), the Horei-gire (dankan from the Misho kashu or 'collection of anonymous poems,' owned by various families), and the Horinji-gire (dankan from the written copy of the Wakan roeishu, owned by various families).
- 陰陽寮の役人が退いた後に中務省を代表して輔が天皇に奏上を行い、具注暦は天皇に奏進され、頒暦は天皇と太政官の連絡を掌る少納言が受領して大臣の元に届けられ、大臣から弁官を通じて各官司・国府に配布され、不足の場合には上級官司・国府が書写して下級官司・郡司などに送付した。
- When officials of the Onmyoryo leave the court, the suke makes a presentation before the emperor on behalf of the Ministry of Central Affairs, the guchureki is presented to the emperor, the hanreki is distributed to the Shonagon who manages communications between the Emperor and the Daijokan, then it is sent to each minister, then distributed by ministers to each government officials and kokufu via benkan and, if the number of copies are not enough, highly-ranked kanshi or kokufu transcribes it and sends it to low-ranked kanshi or gunji (district official).
- その内容は、室町時代の末期の応仁元年(1467年)から文明 (日本)9年(1477年)の10年余りにわたり、都とその周辺で争われ、荒廃させた戦乱を描き、梁の宝誌和尚作と伝えられている『野馬台詩』末六句に予言された「修羅闘諍」の世界を描写する意図があったと考えられる。
- The contents cover a span of more than ten years at the end of the Muromachi period from 1467 to 1477, and describe the wars fought in and around Kyoto that devastated the capital, perhaps with the intention of describing the world of 'pandemonium and fighting' prophesied in the last six lines of the 'Yamatai shi' (Poem on Japan), said be the work of the Liang monk Baozhi.
- また、発見者は、「埋蔵文化財保管証」を管轄の都道府県、政令指定都市及び中核市の教育委員会に提出し、これを照合することによって法102条(旧法61条)の鑑査が行われ、実物を見たことと同様にみなし、「文化財認定の通知」を警察署に行い、発見者にも認定通知の写しが送付される。
- Also, the finder shall submit the 'certificate of custody of buried cultural property' to the Boards ofEducation of prefectures, designated cities and core cities and upon finding the said object to be a cultural property under Article 102 of the Protection Law (Article 61 of the former Protection Law), the 'notice of recognition as a cultural property' shall be sent to the police station with a copy sent to the finder.
- 「新婦人協会」結成、雑誌「新青年」創刊、日本最初のメーデー、「日本社会主義同盟」結成、活動写真会社「松竹」「帝国キネマ」設立、両国「新国技館」落成、東京市街自動車に女性車掌(バスガール)が登場、慶應義塾・早稲田に私立大学設立許可、「松竹蒲田撮影所」設立、第1回「国勢調査」
- Formation of 'Shin fujin kyokai' (the New Women's Association), the first publication of a magazine 'Shinseinen' (new youth), the first May Day in Japan, formation of 'Japan Socialist League,' establishment of moving-picture companies 'Shochiku Co., Ltd.' and 'Teikoku kinema' (Imperial Cinema Entertainment Co. Ltd.), completion of the 'Shin (new) Kokugikan' in Ryogoku, the first 'bus girl' (conductress) appeared in Tokyo City Tram, approval for the establishment of private universities of Keio Gijuku and Waseda, establishment of 'Shochiku Kamata Studio,' and the first 'national census'
- 日記の家では歴代の当主が単に日記を執筆したり所持するだけでなく、家記から写本や抄本、部類記の作成や内容の研究を通じてそこに書かれた有職故実の内容を吸収するとともに、家記の喪失を防いで朝廷の官吏あるいは摂関家の家司・家礼として奉仕できる体制を整えることで家名の安定を図っていった。
- In such 'houses with diaries,' beyond simply having the family head of each successive generation record and then maintain ownership of a diary, family members would also make manuscript copies, abridged versions, and indices (by topic or category) of the house diary, and gain a thorough understanding and knowledge of court practices through research into what was recorded therein; moreover, such families also tried to guard against the possibility of losing their house diaries by setting up a governmental system in which they themselves could serve the Imperial Court as officials or the Sekkanke (the line of regents and advisors) as keishi (clerks and household superintendents) and karei (house retainers), thereby aiming to keep their family name stable and secure.
- 弁官は改めて写本を作成し、その内容の実施を命じる太政官符を添付、地方に対しては勅旨をそのまま太政官符化した騰勅符の形式で施行することになっていた(なお、公式令には緊急時などに太政官での手続きを省略して中務省符で出す略式の勅旨の規定も存在するが、現存の記録では実施が確認できていない)。
- Benkan would re-create a manuscript, attach a Daijokanpu (the official document of the Daijokan) that ordered the implementation of the contents, and for local regions, an imperial order would be implemented by dispatching the Daijokanpu on a post-horse (In addition, there is also a regulation in the Kushiki-ryo for an informal imperial order given with a Nakatsukasashopu [the official document of Ministry of Central Affairs] by omitting the procedures at the Dajokan in an emergency).
- 描写的な面では、砧を打つリズムを取り入れた「砧物」の曲群、宇治川での布ざらしを描写した「さらし」、虫の音を描写した「虫の音」(藤尾勾当作曲)や「八重衣」(石川勾当作曲)後半、胡弓楽では「鶴の巣籠」のツル、「蝉の曲」(吉沢検校作曲)のセミ、「千鳥の曲」(同)のチドリ、波、松風が挙げられる。
- Examples of tegoto having a descriptive aspect include a group of pieces in 'Kinutamono' which incorporates rhythms of beating with kinuta (wooden or stone block for beating cloth), 'Sarashi' which depicts nunozarashi (washing of cloth at a riverside) at Uji-gawa River, 'Mushi no Oto' (by Koto FUJIO) which depicts sounds of insects, the latter part of 'Yaegoromo' (by Koto ISHIKAWA), and in kokyugaku, the crane in 'Tsuru no Sugomori' (a song depicting various aspects of the life cycle of the crane), the cicada in 'Semi no Uta' (a song of cicadas) (by Kengyo YOSHIZAWA), the plover, wave, and matsukaze (wind blowing through pines) in 'Chidori no Kyoku' (a song for plover).
- この本文は、現在確認されている限りで最も古い時代に記された『源氏物語』の本文ということになるが、「絵巻の詞書」というその性質上もともとの本文の要約である可能性などもあるため本来の『源氏物語』本文をどの程度忠実に写し取っているのか解らないとして本文研究の資料としては使用できないとされている。
- This text is the oldest among the existent texts of 'The Tale of Genji,' but it could be a summary of the work considering the fact that it was 'Kotobagaki of Emaki'; therefore, it is doubtful that the text is true to the original 'The Tale of Genji,' and it is considered unsuitable for the material of the text study.
- 但し藤原定家の作り上げた「青表紙本」系統の本文が本当に元の本文に手を加えていないかどうかについては、近年になって藤原定家の『土佐日記』等の他の古典の写本作成に対する態度を詳細に調査することによってある場合には積極的に本文に手を加えることもあるということが明らかになってきたために、再検討の必要が唱えられている。
- However, questions have been raised concerning whether FUJIWARA no Sadaie's 'Aobyoshibon' line had in fact been altered because a close examination in recent years of his attitude toward making manuscripts for other classics like 'The Tosa Diary' revealed that he sometimes revised the text of his own accord.
- 編者・成立年代について、平安時代末期の保安 (元号)2年(1121年)、3年に書写された最古の写本(現宮内庁書陵部所蔵)が、小槻氏に永く秘蔵されていたことから、小槻氏によって編纂され、本書収録の最も新しい年次の文書が寛治7年正月19日の宣旨であるため、寛治7年から保安2年までの間に成立したと従来考えられてきた。
- Its oldest manuscript (now kept in the Imperial Household Archives) copied in 1121 to 1122, towards the end of the Heian period, was kept secretly by the Ozuki clan for a long time, with the latest document included there concerned with an imperial decree issued on 23 February, 1093, and therefore, it has been considered that the document was completed between 1093 and 1121.
- ただし、御会始そのものは室町時代に中絶しており、『晴和歌御会作法故実』(著者不明であるが、霊元上皇書写の国立歴史民俗博物館所蔵本がある)という書物によれば、後円融天皇の永和 (日本)年間の和歌御会始を模範として後柏原天皇が明応10年(文亀元年/1501年)正月の月次歌会を独立した儀式として執り行ったことが記されている。
- Although Gokaihajime itself ceased to be held in the Muromachi period, Emperor Gokashiwabara held a monthly poetry reading as an independent ceremony on New Year's Day in 1501 on the model of waka gokaihajime during the Eiwa era of the Emperor Goenyu's reign, according to 'seiwa utagokai saho kojitsu' (Ancient Practices of New Year Imperial Poetry Reading Party Manner.) (Its author is unknown, but a copy of the book hand written by the Retired Emperor Reigen is possessed by National Museum of Japanese History.)
- しかしこのような歴史的経緯や写本を外形的な特徴に基づいて分類することが本文そのものの内容の分類として正しい、妥当なものであるのかどうか、そもそも「青表紙本」や「河内本」が成立したのは事実であるとしても本文の系統としてそのような区分を立てることが妥当なのかどうかについての検討をすることも無かった点には注意を払う必要がある。
- However, it should be noted that there is a question as to whether the manner of grouping is reasonable as a classification of the text itself based on its historical situation or its outward form, and in the first place, even though it was true that 'Aobyoshibon' and 'Kawachibon' were made, it is questionable whether it was really necessarily to sort them as a line of the text.
- 男鹿半島の領主として確認される安藤孫五郎、安東太の両者や、「市川湊文書」に含まれている寺社修造棟札写に残る寂蔵、安倍忠季、安倍浄宗等が鹿季の南遷と伝えられている時代以前に遡れること、湊家以前の男鹿半島の領主を女川家と伝える伝承があること等から、湊家の成立と伝えられる以前に安東一族が秋田郡に土着していた可能性を指摘する見解
- The theory to point out the possibility that the Ando family had been already settled in Akita Country before the supposed time of the Minato family's establishment, based on such findings; the family's history can be dated back even earlier period than the time of Magogoro ANDO and Andota, both of whom are confirmed as the territorial lords of the Oga Peninsula, and also earlier than the time of the legendary Kanosue's Nansen (provincial capital's relocation to the south), about which Jakuzo, Tadasue ABE, Joso ABE, etc. described in the copy of Jisha shuzo munefuda (ridge tag with history of the reparation and construction of temples and shrines) compiled in 'Ichikawa Minato Monjo' (The letter of Ichikawa Minato), and that there is an oral tradition in which a family called the Onagawa family was the territorial lord of the Oga Peninsula before the Minato family.
- ただし、草稿は存在してある程度写本などの形で所有されていたらしく、一条天皇の時代の寛弘7年(1010年)頃に天皇や藤原道長が新国史の編纂再開を検討したものの天皇崩御によって実現しなかったとされること(『権記』同年8月8日条・『御堂関白記』同8月29日条など)、藤原通憲作成の図書目録などによると40巻本と50巻本があることが分かる。
- However, it seems that a draft did exist and was owned to some extent in various manuscript forms, and it is known that around 1010, during the reign of Emperor Ichijo, the emperor and FUJIWARA no Michinaga appear to have considered the resumption of compiling the Shinkokushi, although this was never realized due to the emperor's death (entries in 'Gonki' (FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary) on eighth month eighth day in the same year, and in the 'Mido Kanpaku ki' on fourth month twenty-ninth day in the same year),and that, according to a catalogue made by FUJIWARA no Michinori, there existed versions both in 40 and 50 parts.
- その例として、例えば平安時代から鎌倉時代の絵画である「扇面古写経」・「鳥獣人物戯画」・「信貴山縁起絵巻」・「男衾三郎絵詞」・「北野天神縁起(弘安本)」・「東北院職人歌合絵巻」などには「桶」が描かれており、絵画の制作年代から類推して、この「桶」は鎌倉時代以降に作られた結桶ではなく曲桶であり、曲物の「桶」が遅くても平安時代以降には日用的に使用されていたとされている。
- For instance, the paintings from the Heian period through the Kamakura period, such as 'Senmen Koshakyo' (ancient sutra manuscripts on a fan), 'Choju Jinbutsu Giga' (caricatures of frolicking birds, animals and humans), 'Shigisan Engi Emaki' (picture scroll depicting the stories about Mt. Shigi), 'Obusuma Saburo Ekotoba' (picture scroll of the Kamakura period), the Koan version of 'Kitano Tenjin Engi' (history of Kitano Tenjin Shrine), and 'Tohoku-in Shokunin Utaawase-emaki (Touhoku-in poetry Contest among persons of various occupations), depict 'oke' (wooden bucket); judging from the periods when these paintings were produced, these oke are not 'yuioke' (wooden bucket with a bottom) which were developed after the Kamakura period, but are 'mageoke,' which suggests that the 'oke' in a form of magemono was used on a daily basis after the Heian period.
- 南無阿弥陀仏(なむあみだぶつ、南無阿弥陀佛、南無阿彌陀佛)とは、「南無」はnamo (sanskrit) の音写語で「わたくしは帰依します」と意味し、「阿弥陀如来」は、そのサンスクリット語の「無量の寿命の大仏 (amitaayus)」「無量の光明の仏 (amitaabha)」の「はかることのできない」という部分のamita (sanskrit) を略出したものである。
- The 'Namu' of Namu amidabutsu is a transcription of namo (Sanskrit), meaning 'I'm becoming a believer' and 'amidabutsu' employs amita (Sanskrit) is abbreviated from 'amitaayus (Great Buddha with infinite longevity)' and 'amitaabha (Great Buddha with infinite light),' meaning 'immeasurable' in Sanskrit.
- 「南無」はnamo (サンスクリット語) の漢語への音写語で「わたくしは帰依します」と意味し、「妙法蓮華経」の五字はサンスクリット語の「サッダルマ・プンダリーカ・スートラ(saddharmapuNDariika-suutra、)」を鳩摩羅什(くまらじゅう、サンスクリット語 Kumārajīva,、クマーラジーヴァ、略称 羅什(らじゅう)または什(じゅう))が翻訳した版の法華経の正式な題名(題目)である。
- '南無' (Namu) is a transliteration of Namo (Sanskrit) to Chinese and it means 'I devote myself,'and the five letters, '妙法蓮華経'(myoho-renge-kyo), were the formal title of Hokkekyo (the Lotus Sutra) when it was translated from 'saddharmapuNDariika-sutra'in Sanskrit by Kumarajiva (Sanskrit Kum{a-}raj{i-}va, abbreviated as Raju or Ju).
- また、元々頒暦が官庁に備え付ける暦であり、貴族や僧侶は自らの日記を執筆するために用いる具注暦をそれぞれが暦博士や暦生に依頼して制作もしくや書写の便宜を受けるのが慣例となっていた(藤原実資は予め(陰陽寮職員である)陰陽師に料紙を支給して暦を注文を行い、完成後に代金として絹1疋を支払っていたことが知られ(『中右記』長和3年10月2日条)、摂関家に至っては暦博士側から具注暦を献上してくることが慣例化していた(『後二条師通記』・『殿暦』・『玉葉』)。
- Hanreki was originally a calendar to be distributed to government offices, nobles and monks made it a practice to ask rekihakase or rekisei to make or transcribe guchureki in order to write their own diary (on this point, it is known that FUJIWARA no Sanesuke ordered calendars to an onmyoji (practionner in the Onmyoryo) by paying for paper and paid one hiki of silk when the calendar was completed (according to the article of 'Chuyuki' (diary written by FUJIWARA no Munetada) dated on October 2nd, 1014) and the line of regents and advisers made it rule that rekihakase presented guchureki to them (according to 'Gonijo Moromichi ki' (The Diary of FUJIWARA no Moromichi), 'Denryaku' (The Diary of FUJIWARA no Tadazane) and ''Gyokuyo' (The Diary of Kanezane KUJO)).