Honyaku Star - Search: 兼ねる

兼ねる: 187 Terms and Phrases

兼ねる
to be unable to
to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do
to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously
to contain (or combine) two or more features
to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.)
to do alongside
to hesitate to do something (out of consideration for others)
to think of the future (as well as the present)
cannot
hard to do

し兼ねる
to be reluctant to do
to hesitate to do
to refuse to do
to be unable to do

見兼ねる
to be unable to let pass unnoticed
to be unable to be indifferent
to be unable to just watch (without doing anything)

耐兼ねる
to be unable to endure
to be unable to stand (something)
to lose patience

仕兼ねる
to be reluctant to do
to hesitate to do
to refuse to do
to be unable to do

言兼ねる
to find it hard to say

待ち兼ねる
to wait impatiently for
can hardly wait

堪り兼ねる
to be unable to bear (something) any longer
to be unable to put up with (something) any longer

言い兼ねる
to find it hard to say

申し兼ねる
I'm sorry to trouble you
Excuse me for making such a request

堪え兼ねる
to be unable to endure
to be unable to stand (something)
to lose patience

両職を兼ねる
to hold two offices concurrently

分かり兼ねる
to be difficult to ascertain
to be difficult to understand

大は小を兼ねる
better too big than too small
A large thing will serve for a small one.

腹に据え兼ねる
cannot suppress one's anger
cannot stomach

見るに見兼ねる
unable to let pass unnoticed
unable to be indifferent
unable to just watch (without doing anything)
can't bear to see
can't stand watching
can't just stand by

七五三を兼ねる）
It is also celebrated as Shichigosan (The Seven-Five-Three Festival))

別格本山も兼ねる。
It also doubled as Bekkaku-honzan (a special head temple.)

職権上他の職を兼ねる
ex officio

(兵部卿も兼ねる。)
(He was also appointed as the Hyobukyo [Minister for Military Affairs].)

同年、兵部省を兼ねる。
In the same year, he held the concurrent position in Hyobusho (Ministry of Military).

平等院（浄土宗と兼ねる）
Byodo-in Temple (double with Jodo-shu)

同6年、大蔵卿を兼ねる。
1092: Udaiben cum Okura-kyo (Minister of the Treasury)

- 征東副将軍を兼ねる。
He was assigned concurrently as Seito vice-shogun.

854年、讃岐守を兼ねる。
In 854, he also assumed Sanuki no kami (the governor of Sanuki Province).

怡土城を築く専知官を兼ねる。
He held a concurrent position of an advisor for the construction of Ito Castle.

851年、美作国守を兼ねる。
In 851, he also assumed the post of Mimasaka no kuni no kami (governor of Mimakasa Province).

1枚の布で褌と腹巻きを兼ねる。
One piece of cloth serves as both fundoshi and haramaki (a bellyband).

作者と画工を兼ねる場合が多い。
Often the writer and illustrator were one and the same.

彼女は彼の妻と秘書の役目も兼ねる
She doubles as his wife and secretary

また、彫刻家を兼ねることもある。
Some of them are sculptors as well.

850年、皇太后宮大夫を兼ねる。
In 850, he assumed Kotaigo gu no daibu (Master of the Empress Dowager's Household).

御救普請の意味合いを兼ねる事も多い
Fushin often implies the meaning of osukui (relief) fushin.

3月16日、近衛府と馬寮を兼ねる。
On April 19, he took charge of Konoefu and Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses) as well.

同年、三たび造東大寺長官を兼ねる。
He held a concurrent position as the Director for the Construction of Todai-ji Temple once again in the same year.

宗務長（朝護孫子寺寺務長が兼ねる。）
Chief of general affairs of the sect (Doubled by the chief of affairs of Chogosonshi-ji Temple)

同6年（1074年）、伊予介を兼ねる。
In 1074, he was given Iyo no suke (assistant governor of Iyo Province) as an additional post.

853年、正四位下、中宮大夫を兼ねる。
In 853, he was promoted to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and also served as Chugu daibu (Master of the Consort's Household).

同年、下野国守、検非違使別当を兼ねる。
In the same year, he took the posts of Shimotsuke no kuni no kami (the governer of Shimotsuke Province) and Kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police).

同2年（1075年）、伊予権守を兼ねる。
In 1075 he was assigned to Iyo no Gon no kami (Provisional Governor of Iyo Province) as an additional post.

後一条天皇即位時に民部省と侍従を兼ねる。
He assumed posts such as Minbusho (Ministry of Popular Affairs) and palace staff when Emperor Goichijo ascended to the throne.

中衛少将に補任され、甲斐国国司を兼ねる。
He was additionally appointed as Chue no shosho (Minor Captain of the Imperial Guard) and also appointed as the governor of Kai Province.

永保2年（1082年）、右京大夫を兼ねる。
1082: Kurodo no to cum Ukyo no daibu (Master of the Western Capital Office)

後に豊後国国司に転じて左衛門大尉を兼ねる。
Later, he was transferred to the position of Kokushi (Governor) of Bungo Province, and assumed the additional post of Saemon no Daijo (Senior Lieutenant of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards).

嘉永2年（1849年）に右兵衛佐を兼ねる。
In 1849, he also served as the Uhyoe no suke (assistant captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards).

天暦末に左近衛少将に遷り、春宮亮を兼ねる。
At the end of the Tenryaku era, he was promoted to the post of Sakone no shosho (assistant commander of the left inner palace guard division) and was also appointed as Togu no suke (a member of the staff in charge of the Palace of the Imperial Prince).

1136年には内大臣、右近衛大将を兼ねる。
In 1136 took on the dual roles of Naidaijin (Minister of the Center) and Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards).

(各部に部長を置く、各金剛峯寺執行を兼ねる)
(Each department has a chief and the chief also serves as a head regent of Kongobu-ji Temple.)

座主職は、高野山真言宗の管長を兼ねる最高職。
The head priest is the highest position that also works as a chief abbot of Koyasan Shingon sect.

翌年には土佐国国司を兼ねる。（同20年まで）
In the following year he also served as kokushi (provincial governor) of Tosa Province (till 1413).

宝亀元年(770年) - 播磨国守を兼ねる。
770 - He held a concurrent position as the Governor of Harima Province.

同年奏者番に就任し、翌年には寺社奉行を兼ねる。
He assumed the position of sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies) in the same year and also served as jisha-bugyo in the following year.

応永21年（1414年）、備前国権守を兼ねる。
In 1414 he also served as Gon no kami (provisional governor) of Bizen Province,

堀河天皇の時に抜擢されて算博士・諸陵頭を兼ねる。
In the era of the Emperor Horikawa, he was promoted to San hakase (Doctor of Numbers) and the head of shoryo (tombs).

この功績で河越城主も兼ねることになったとされる。
It is considered that he was concurrently appointed as a lord of Kawagoe-jo Castle due to this achievement.

同年正三位に進み権中納言と左近衛権中将を兼ねる。
He was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) in the same year and was assigned the additional duties as Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) and Sakone gonno chujo.

翌年大納言、次いで従二位に叙して、近衛府を兼ねる。
He became Dainagon (chief councilor of state) in the following year, then he was given the rank of Junii (Junior Second Rank), and he also held a position in the Guard Office.

以後、歴代院主が醍醐寺座主を兼ねる慣例が成立する。
The custom later became established that the successive head priests of Godai-ji Temple also served as head priests of Sanbo-in Temple.

明治23年（1890年）2月、貴族院議員を兼ねる。
February 1890: He became a member of the Kizokuin (the House of Peers) while continuing to serve other posts.

小獅子では、獅子頭を操作する1人だけが胴体も兼ねる。
In the small lion type, one person swings the headgear and also mimics the movements of the body part of the lion.

委員は、都道府県の議会の議員と兼ねることができない。
Each commission member may not serve as a member of the assembly of each prefecture.

文徳天皇が即位した直後に、正四位下に相模守を兼ねる。
Immediately after Emperor Montoku's accession to the throne, Sadanushi was conferred Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) with an additional post of Sagami no kami (the governor of Sagami Province).

定員一名で官位は従四位上相当で貴族が兼ねることが多い。
Only one person at a time could become Togu-no-fu, and Togu-no-fu was often an aristocrat with an official court rank of Jushiijo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade).

天禄元年（970年）に大納言に上り左近衛大将を兼ねる。
In 970, he was promoted to Dainagon (chief councilor of state) and appointed to Sakone no daisho (Major Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) concurrently.

明治9年（1876年）9月、玉里島津家の家令も兼ねる。
In September, 1876, he served concurrently as a butler for the Tamazato-shimazu family.

寛仁4年（1020年）大宰権帥（11月29日）を兼ねる
On December 22, 1020, he concurrently took the post of Dazai gon no sochi.

6月20日、中納言に任ぜられ、7月21日、近衛府を兼ねる。
On July 21, he was appointed to the position of Chunagon (Middle Counselor) and on September 11 he also took charge of Konoefu.

久安5年（1149年）に明法博士に任じられて大判事を兼ねる。
In 1149, he was appointed to Myobo hakase (a teacher of the law in the Ritsuryo system), assuming daihanji (judge) additionally.

天平15年（743年）正五位上（当時、式部大輔を兼ねる）。
743: Granted the rank of Shogoinojo (Senior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade) (concurrently served as Shikibu no taifu [Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonial] at the time).

内外官（ある官司の官人が他の官司の職務を兼ねる場合の身分規定）
This Article 'Naige-kan' (government officials staying inside and outside of Kyoto) prescribed status of a government official who is engaged in two different jobs of different officers.

806年（大同 (日本)元年）には左中弁を兼ねることとなった。
In 806, he took up the additional post of Sachuben (middle controller of the left).

他の工作物と効用を兼ねる港湾施設の港湾工事の施行及び費用の負担
Execution of Port and Harbor Works for Port Facilities Undertaken Concurrently with Other Structures and the Sharing of Cost

階級は警視総監、少将（軍職を兼ねる）、位階勲等は正五位勲二等。
He gained the Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner, shosho (major general) (concurrently be in the military service); he was awarded Shogoi (Senior Fifth Rank) and the Order of Second Class.

長保3年（1001年）権大納言に任じられ、右近衛大将を兼ねる。
In 1001, Sanesuke was appointed Gon Dainagon (a provisional chief councilor of state), serving also as Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards).

攻撃又は防御の方法を記載した訴状は、準備書面を兼ねるものとする。
A complaint stating allegations and evidence shall also serve as a brief.

監査役は、特定目的会社の取締役又は使用人を兼ねることができない。
No company auditor may concurrently act as a director or employee of a Specific Purpose Company.

ちょっと大きいけど、この封筒でいいや。大は小を兼ねるって言うし。
It might be a bit big but this envelope will do just fine. It's better to be too big than too small.

治安 (元号)元年（1021年）右大臣を拝し、皇太弟傅を兼ねる。
In 1021, he was appointed Udaijin and Kotaitei no fu (the Educational Adviser to the Crown Prince).

以後、醍醐天皇のもと出世を重ね、大納言に転じ、左近衛大将を兼ねる。
He continued to advance under the reign of Emperor Daigo, becoming Dainagon (chief councilor of state) while serving concurrently as the chief of the Capital Guard of the Left.

宗務総長（内局を統括・選挙制・任期3年・金剛峯寺執行長を兼ねる）
Head of temple office (who supervises the bureau and the election system with a term of three years, and also serves as a head regent of Kongobu-ji Temple)

攻撃又は防御の方法を記載した控訴状は、準備書面を兼ねるものとする。
A petition for appeal stating allegations and evidence shall also serve as a brief.

相国寺、金閣寺（鹿苑寺）、銀閣寺（慈照寺）の3か寺の住職を兼ねる。
He serves concurrently as chief priest of Shokoku-ji Temple, Kinkaku-ji Temple (Rokuon-ji Temple), and Ginkaku-ji Temple (Jisho-ji Temple).

同年には権中納言に任ぜられ、検非違使別当・右衛門督を兼ねるに至る。
In the same year he was given the duty of Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) and concurrently held the roles of Kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police) and Uemon no kami (Captain of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards).

区内の町村については区長が戸長の事務を兼ねることもできた（第6条）。
As for towns and villages within wards, the Kucho can be concurrently engaged in the Kocho's role (Article 6).

そこで義教は日向守護を兼ねる薩摩国守護の島津忠国に義昭討伐を命じた。
With this information, Yoshinori ordered Satsuma no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Satsuma Province), Tadakuni SHIMAZU who also was Hyuga no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Hyuga Province), to put down Gisho.

そのため、叙位任官も順調で、大納言を経て更に中務卿と左京大夫を兼ねる。
Therefore he was steadily promoted and after becoming Dainagon (chief councilor of state), he further jointly held Nakatsukasa-kyo (Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs) and Sakyo no daibu (Master of the Eastern Capital Offices).

職務内容の共通性から馬寮と院御厩の職員を兼ねることは自然なことであり、
It was not unusual that Tadamori held positions in both the Meryo and the Miumaya no tsukasa considering the similarities of the duties.

建暦元年（1211年）1月5日、正三位に昇り、18日に美作国を兼ねる。
On January 28, 1211, he was promoted to the rank of Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank), and on February 10, he became a governor of Mimasaka Province too.

承安4年（1174年）に九条兼実の家司に任ぜられ、同年長門権守を兼ねる。
In 1174 he was assigned to Keishi (household superintendent) of Kanezane KUJO and assigned to Nagato no Gon no kami (Provisional Governor of Nagato Province) as an additional post in the same year.

天承元年（1131年）に参議、さらに権中納言に昇進して大宰権帥を兼ねる。
He became the Sangi (councilor) in 1131 and was promoted to Gon Chunagon and also held the additional post of the Dazai gon no sochi (Provisional Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices).

文久2年（1862年）閏8月8日、奥詰医師となり、医学所頭取助を兼ねる。
On October 1, 1862, he became an in-house doctor on duty for Edo shogunate and also an assistant director of the Medical Institute.

1519年（永正16年）9月27日、源氏長者、淳和奨学両院別当を兼ねる。
September 27, 1519: He was appointed Head of the Genji choja (Head of the Genji) and also the betto (the superior of a temple) of Junnain and Shogakuin Temples.

承和13年1月13日 (旧暦)（846年2月12日）には備中国介を兼ねる。
On February 12, 846, he was also appointed to Assistant Governor of Bicchu Province.

1879年（明治12年）大審院を離れて司法大輔となり、元老院議官も兼ねる
In 1879, he left Daishin-in and became Shiho-taifu (a post of Ministry of Justice), and was simultaneously appointed as Genroin gikan (councilor of Chamber of Senate).

その後、左近衛中将を兼ね、更に左近衛大将へ進み、陸奥国出羽国按察使を兼ねる。
Subsequently, he also assumed the post of Sakone no chujo and was promoted to the even higher post of Sakone no daisho (Great General of the Left), while at the same time holding the post of Azechi (Inspector) for Mutsu and Dewa Provinces.

1年間の欧米出張をへて明治21年(1888年)6月から北海道庁長官を兼ねる。
Subsequently, he was stationed in Europe and the United States for a year, and then from June 1888, he doubled as Director General of the Hokkaido government.

武官を兼ねる場合は纔着の欠腋をいつも着用している（文官であれば縫腋袍である）。
They also worn ketteki, open sleeve seams, with adjustment of the hem of clothes to the ankle length, when they concurrently work as a military officer, (while civil officers worn hoeki no ho).

蔵人佐（五位蔵人で検非違使佐を兼ねる）が弁官に就任して、実現されることが多い。
Most of such cases occurred when a person of Kurandonosuke (assistant official of kurodo) (who assumed the positions of Goi no kurodo and Kebiishi no suke concurrently) assumed the office of Benkan.

弾正別勅（弾正台の官人が他の官司の職務を兼ねる場合、当該官司への監察行為の禁止）
This Article 'Danjo-betsuchoku' prohibited officials of Danjo-dai (the Board of Censors) from acts of supervision or inspection of any other government official whose job, if any, he was engaged in beside his main job.

また、山頂には旧陸軍の砲台跡なども残っており、近代史の探訪も兼ねることができる。
Remains of a gun battery of the Imperial Army of Japan on the mountaintop tell a bit of Japan's modern history.

元暦元年（1184年）に正二位に進み、文治2年（1186年）に左衛門督を兼ねる。
In 1184, he was promoted to Shonii (Senior Second Rank), and served an additional post of Saemon no kami (Captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) in 1186.

また、蔵人頭と大弁または中弁を兼ねる者もおり、特に頭弁（とうのべん）と称された。
Some officials who concurrently held the posts of Kurodonoto and Daiben or Chuben were especially called Tonoben.

蔵人で検非違使佐を兼ねる蔵人佐や、蔵人・弁官・検非違使佐を兼ねる三事兼帯もいた。
There was also a post of Kurodonosuke (assistant official of the Kurodo) who double posted as a Kurodo (Chamberlain) and a Kebiishi no Suke (assistant official of the Police and Judicial Chief), as well as a Sanji Kentai (a post that filled three positions) that held the post of Kurodo, Benkan (official of the Daijokan) and a Kebiishi no suke.

日蓮宗の寺には、境内に鬼子母神を祀る場合が多く、鬼子母神の祭りを兼ねる場合も多い。
As Kishimojin (a goddess of childbirth and children) is often enshrined at temples of Nichiren Sect, Oeshiki is often held as the one that is combined with the festival of Kishimojin.

仁安 (日本)元年（1166年）に蔵人頭を兼ねるが同年に解官され、翌年に復職する。
In 1166 he also served as Kurodo no to (reigning emperor's personal secretary) however, was removed from office the same year but was reinstated the following year.

養和元年（1181年）に参議に復して従三位に進み、翌年には兵衛府・丹波国を兼ねる。
In 1181, Mitsuyoshi was appointed to his previous position Sangi and conferred to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank), and also filled the positions of Hyoe-fu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards) and Tanba Province in the following year.

寛平年間（889年-898年）に従五位下に叙し、侍従に任じられ、肥後国受領を兼ねる。
During the Kanpyo era (889 - 898) he was promoted to the junior fifth rank, lower grade and was appointed as jiju (chamberlain), simultaneously serving as zuryo (governor) of Higo.

その寺院の僧侶の居住する場所、また寺内の時食を調える、つまり台所も兼ねる場合がある。
It is sometimes used as the priest's living quarters or the kitchen to cook meals in a temple.

義貫は四ヶ国を兼ねる有力守護となり、そのために義教に警戒され、謀殺されたと言われる。
It is said that since Yoshitsura became a dominant shugo who governed four provinces, he was regarded as a threat by Yoshinori, and murdered deliberately.

数学知識が必要となるため､頭か助は必ず算博士が兼ねるなど大学寮の算道出身者が活躍した。
Since knowledge of mathematics was required, persons from Sando (study of mathematics) of Daigakuryo (Bureau of Education under the Ritsuryo system) played active roles like Sanhakase (Doctor of Numbers) concurrently took a position as Kami (Director) or Suke (Deputy Director).

貞観_(日本)14年（872年）には僧綱の責任者である「法務」も兼ねる慣習が成立した。
However, in 872 a custom was established for him to double as the homu, who was in charge of Sogo, or the Office of Monastic Affairs.

禅寺では、学僧を中心として住僧以下の僧侶や仏前に供える食事を調理する場所で僧堂と兼ねる。
In the Zen temples, Kuri is a place to cook meals for the priests including chief priest and mainly learned priests and for the altar of Buddha, and it is also used as So-do Hall (A hall for meditation).

文治2年（1186年）に侍従兼右近衛少将となり、翌年には正四位下に進んで近江介を兼ねる。
In 1186, he became Jiju ken Ukone no shosho (Chamberlain and Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), and the next year he was promoted to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and concurrently held the post of Omi no suke (assistant governor of Omi Province).

管長（朝護孫子寺法主が兼ねる。宗派の代表役員。信貴山内大本山の住職が１年交代で就任する。）
Chief abbot (Doubled by the head priest of Chogosonshi-ji Temple, the chief abbot is a representative staff of the sect and the chief priests of the head temples in Mt. Shigi take turns assuming the post each year.)

人事院は、試験を採用試験、昇任試験又はその両者を兼ねるもののいずれとするかを適宜決定する。
The National Personnel Authority shall at its discretion decide whether the examination shall be an employment examination, a promotional examination, or both.

また同時に秀吉の側近も兼ねることとなり、秀吉の命令で行なわれた検地などの奉行を務めている。
Moreover, he served Hideyoshi as an aide at the same time so that he was in charge as the bugyo (administrator) of land surveys and so on, as implemented at the order of Hideyoshi.

同年老中にのぼり、安永8年（1779年）、松平武元死去に伴い老中首座となり勝手掛も兼ねる。
In the same year, he was promoted to Roju, and then in 1779, due to the death of Takechika MATSUDAIRA he became Roju shuza (the head of the Roju) and was also appointed Kattegakari (Director of Finance).

同様に印旛県でも千葉県新設を前提に隣接する木更津県の権令柴原和が印旛県権令を兼ねる事になった。
In the Inba Prefecture, similarly, Yawara SHIBAHARA, the vice-governor of the Kisarazu Prefecture which was the neighboring prefecture of the Inba Prefecture, was assigned to be the vice-governor of Inba Prefecture, premised on the foundation of Chiba Prefecture.

康和5年（1103年）には立太子を受けて東宮学士をも兼ねる（ただし、東宮宗仁親王は生後7ヶ月）。
In 1103, he accepted the post of investiture of the Crown Prince and further concurrently took the post of Togu gakushi (teacher of the Classics of the Crown Prince) (when the Crown Prince was 7 months old).

反については謀だけで極刑となり実行してもしなくても刑に違いがないので、条文では謀反の規定で兼ねる。
However, planning '反'(the character of 'hon') alone was already a capital offence, so the provisions regarding '反' were included in the provisions of '謀反'(muhon).

法第百六十一条（準備書面）第二項に掲げる事項を記載した第一項の書面は、準備書面を兼ねるものとする。
The document set forth in paragraph (1) which contains statements of the matters listed in paragraph (2) of Article 161 (Brief) of the Code shall also serve as a brief.

その後、俳優も兼ねるようになり、『喜劇・元旦の撮影』に主演したのをはじめ、何本かの映画に出演する。
He later also worked as an actor, appearing in several films including a starring role in the comedy 'Gantan no Satsuei.'

その多くは鎌倉幕府の評定衆・引付衆・奉行人の末裔であり、室町幕府の評定衆や奉行人を兼ねるものもいた。
Many of them were descendants of hyojoshu (a member of the Council of State), hikitsukeshu, and bugyonin (a magistrate) of the Kamakura bakufu, and some served concurrently as hyojoshu or bugyonin in the Muromachi bakufu.

応永14年（1407年）に左兵衛督・検非違使別当を兼ね、応永15年（1408年）に大宰権帥を兼ねる。
In 1407, he served as Sahyoe no Kami (Captain of the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards) and concurrently as Kebiishi no Betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police) and in 1408, he added the post of Dazai Gon no Sochi (Provisional Governor-General of Kyushu).

1280年、北条時宗の命を受けて河内国・信濃国・日向国・紀伊国・摂津国の5カ国を兼ねる守護となった。
In 1280, as ordered by Tokimune HOJO, Hisatoki became the Shugo (governor) of Kawachi, Shinano, Hyuga, Kii, and Settsu Provinces.

治承3年（1179年）には権中納言に進み、中宮権大夫を兼ね、更に治承三年の政変により右衛門督を兼ねる。
In 1179 he was promoted to Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) and served simultaneously as Chugu Gon no Daibu (provisional master of the Consort's Household). In addition with the change of government in 1179, he also concurrently served as Uemon no kami (Captain of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards).

保元3年（1158年）に正四位下左近衛中将、翌年には蔵人頭を兼ねて頭中将となり、更に中宮権亮を兼ねる。
He was appointed to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Sakone no chujo (Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) in 1158 and became Tono Chujo (the first secretary's captain) in the next year, serving as an additional post of Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain), and also served as Chugu Gon no suke (Provisional Assistant Master of the Consort's Household).

後に第一高等学校 (旧制)や東京高等師範学校の教授となり、1896年に東京大学文科大学の講師も兼ねる。
Afterwards, he became a teacher at Daiichi High School (the first old-education-system high school) and Tokyo Higher Normal School, and worked also as an instructor at the Literature school of Tokyo Imperial University from 1896.

明治23年（1890年）の帝国議会発足時には、貴族院議員に勅撰され、枢密院 (日本)書記官長を兼ねる。
When the Imperial Diet was established in 1890, he was selected as a member of the House of Peers and also was appointed to the Secretery of the Sumitsu-in or Privy Council.

近衛次将から弁官に昇進して参議を兼ねるという羽林家と名家 (公家)の昇進過程を併せ持つ特殊な家であった。
The title afforded them a special status in that the family was entitled to promotion both as Urinke and meika (an upper rank of kuge, or court noble), enabling family members to be promoted from the position of Konoe no Jisho (vice-minister of the Palace Guards) to that of benkan (official of the dajokan, or Grand Council of State), and still hold an additional post such as that of sangi (councilor).

兼仗の「兼」は正確には「人べんに兼」、「仗」は武器、「人、兼ねる、武器」でおおよその役割は想像できよう。
The word '兼' of 兼仗 (Kenjo) is correctly written by using the letters of '人' (person) and '兼' (combine), and the word '仗' refers to a weapon, so that its ballpark role can be guessed by the words of 'person, combine, and a weapon.'

衛門府・越中国国司を経て1061年（康平4年）に右少弁に任官、1065年（治暦元年）に文章博士を兼ねる。
After serving as an officer of Emonfu (Headquarter of the Outer Palace Guards) and the provincial governor of Etchu Province, he was appointed to Ushoben (Minor Controller of the Right) in 1061 as well as Monjo hakase in 1065.

問丸（といまる）は、年貢米の陸揚地である河川・港の近郊の都市に居住し、運送、倉庫、委託販売業を兼ねる組織。
'Toimaru' were organizations specialized in transport, warehousing and commission sales, which based themselves in cities by the rivers and ports where nengumai (rice paid as land tax) was unloaded.

ただし、現実的には荘園を寄進した者あるいは荘園支配の実務を行った荘官の中には在庁官人を兼ねる者も多かった。
Nevertheless, as a matter of practice, among donators of Shoen or officers called shokan who practically administered Shoen, many served concurrently as zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods).

定員は1名で、左右衛門督と左右兵衛督のいずれかを兼ねる中納言・権中納言または参議が務めるのが慣例であった。
There was only one Betto post and was held by the Chunagon (vice-councilor of state), Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) or the Sangi (counselor) who also held the posts of either Saemon no kami (Captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) and Uemon no Kami (Captain of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards) or Sahyoe no Kami (Captain of the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards) or Uhyoe no Kami (Captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards).

更に算博士も必ず主税寮か主計寮の頭か助を兼務して更に2名中1名は五位史を兼ねることになった（『官職秘抄』）。
Furthermore, San hakase always had additional duties as heads or assistants in the Shuzeiryo (Bureau of Taxation) or Syukeiryo (Bureau of Popular Affairs), and one in two also worked as Goinosakan (the lowest class official in four class officials) ('Kanshoku hisho' (a text describing rules of ceremony and etiquette to be observed in the Imperial Court and by samurai that was written during the early Heian period in around 1200)).

最近では、祭の時などに半天（半纏、袢纏、法被）の下に使用することが多い（締め込みとしてふんどしを兼ねる場合もある）。
Recently, at festivals, it is worn under a hanten or a happi (a short coat originally for craftsmen worn over a kimono), and some males use it as loincloth.

保元2年（1157年）、近衛基実政所勾当に任ぜられ、永暦元年（1160年）に六位蔵人となり、翌年左兵衛少尉を兼ねる。
He was assigned to Koto (a secretary) of Motozane KONOE Mandokoro (Administrative Board) in 1157, became Rokui Kurodo (Chamberlain with Sixth Rank) in 1160 and assigned to Sahyoe no shojo (Third-ranked Assistant Officer of Sahyoe-fu, the Left Division of Middle Palace Guards) as an additional post in the following year.

1154年には大学寮庁舎が倒壊する事故が起きるが再建されずに替わりに明経道院が庁舎を兼ねるようになった（『兵範記』）。
In 1154, the Daigaku-ryo office building collapsed, but it was not rebuilt, and Myogyodo-in college was used as the office building instead ('Heihanki' [The Diary of TAIRA no Nobunori]).

茶道口と給仕口を兼ねるこの勝手口からは給仕の動線に沿って斜行する壁を立て足元には三角形の板畳「鱗板（うろこいた）」を敷く。
From the katteguchi, which serves as both sadoguchi (entrance for making tea) and kyujiguchi (apprentice's doorway), a wall extends obliquely along the traffic line of the service, and a triangle board called 'urokoita' is placed on the doorway.

店舗・住居を兼ねるものは「見世蔵（店蔵）」と呼ばれることもあり、倉庫・保管庫として建てられるものとは分化して発展してきた。
Buildings of this type which combine shop and dwelling are sometimes called 'misegura' and developed as an off-shoot of the original buildings built for storage.

そのため宝亀3年（772年）には淡海三船が大学寮の長である大学頭と文章博士を兼ねるなど、文章博士の地位が高まるようになった。
As a result, the status of monjo hakase came to rise as illustrated by OMI no Mifune's assuming office as Daigaku no kami (the principal of Daigaku-ryo) and as monjo hakase at the same time in 772.

大臣に欠員が出た場合、大納言から近衛大将を経ずに直接内大臣に昇進する家柄である（清華家とは異なり近衛大将を兼ねることはできない）。
When there was a vacancy for Daijin (Minister) a member of the house of minister was promoted to Naidaijin (Minister of the Center) directly from Dainagon (chief councilor of state) without serving as Konoe no daisho (Major Captain of the Palace Guards) (unlike the Seiga family, he could not serve as Konoe no daisho at the same time).

平安時代中期以後は公卿・官人・地下人の中から私的に任用され、国政機関の職員が権門の私的な家政職員である家司を兼ねる仕組が形成された。
After the mid Heian Period, they were appointed privately from a Court noble, Kanjin (low to medium rank government official), or Jigenin (lower rank of ancient Japanese nobility), and the system that personnel of the national government double as Keishi, private household management personnel, was formed.

こうして代々の陸奥守には清和源氏や桓武平氏などの軍事貴族が任ぜられることが多く、また陸奥守が鎮守府将軍を兼ねる場合も少なくなかった。
Thus, military aristocrats from Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) or Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) were often assigned as Mutsu no kami successively and they often doubled as Mutsu no kami and Chinju-fu shogun.

貞観2年1月16日 (旧暦)（860年2月11日）には参議に任じられ、貞観3年1月13日（861年2月26日）には式部大輔を兼ねる。
On February 11, 860, he was appointed to Councilor, and from February 26, 861, he served also as Shikibu no taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonials).

更に有力な僧侶が実際には居住していない遠方の寺院の住持を兼ねる場合には「坐公文」（いなりのくもん）と呼ばれる特殊な補任状も出されている。
The special buninjo called `Inari no kumon' is issued when an influential monk assumes another post as a chief priest of a temple where he doesn't actually live.

中納言・参議（位階）としては二位・三位）との兼官が多く、また左右衛門督を加えた計4名のうちの1人が検非違使別当を兼ねるのが慣例であった。
The Captain often served concurrently as Middle Counselor or Royal Advisor (Second Rank or Third Court Rank), and traditionally, one out of four Captains, including Captains of the Left and the Right Divisions of the Outer Palace Guard, served as the head of the Police and Judicial Chief offices.

延喜の初めに春宮大夫、左兵衛督を兼ね、検非違使別当に補され、次いで従三位に叙し、中納言に任じられ、蔵人所別当に補され、右近衛大将を兼ねる。
Early in the Engi era he was appointed simultaneously as the master of the Crown Prince's household and the director of the Left Palace Guards, serving as the kebiishi no betto (superintendant of the Imperial Police), and was later promoted to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) and appointed to Chunagon (vice-councilor of state), serving as the superintendant of the Kurododokoro (Chamberlain's Office) while simultaneously being chief commander of the Capital Guard of the Right.

すなわち、通常は左大臣が務めるが、もしも左大臣が欠員もしくは摂政関白を兼ねる（一上資格がない）場合には右大臣が任じられることになっていた。
Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) usually served as ichinokami, however, in the case where the position of Sadaijin was vacant or Sadaijin served concurrently as Sessho Kanpaku (Sessho Kanpaku was not qualified as ichinokami), Udaijin (minister of the right) was appointed as ichinokami.

港湾施設で他の工作物と効用を兼ねるものの港湾工事の施行及び費用の負担については、港湾管理者と当該工作物の管理者とが、協議して定めるものとする。
Execution of Port and Harbor Works for Port Facilities undertaken concurrently with other structures and the sharing of the cost shall be determined by consultation between the Port Management Body and the administrator of the said structure.

このため城壁は高さよりも厚さを重視するようになり、内部の建造物も低く作られるようになったため、政庁や住居を兼ねるためのスペースが無くなってしまった。
The thickness of castle walls was considered more important than their height, and the height of inner structures was made low, and there was no space for government offices and houses.

三宝院25世門跡となり、応永2年（1395年）から永享6年（1434年）の間醍醐寺第74代座主を務め、以後、三宝院門跡が醍醐寺座主を兼ねる例となった。
Mansai served as the twenty-fifth monzeki (head priest of the temple, formerly led by the sect founder) of the Sanboin Temple, and also held the post of seventy-fourth zasu (temple head priest) of Daigo-ji Temple from 1395 to 1434, creating a precedent for the monzeki of Sanboin Temple concurrently holding the post of zasu of Daigo-ji Temple.

卿以下少丞以上の幹部が両省の役職を兼ねる（例えば、大隈は大蔵兼民部大輔、伊藤は大蔵兼民部少輔に就任する）ことで統一されたため、「大蔵民部省」とも称された。
These two ministries were also called 'Okura-Minbu-sho' by putting together, because leading members from the Kyo down to the Shojo concurrently served as managers of both ministries (for example, Shigenobu OKUMA assumed the post of Taifu of both Okura-sho and Minbu-sho, while Hirobumi ITO assumed the post of Shofu of both Okura-sho and Minbu-sho).

仁明天皇の承和 (日本)年間（834年-848年）に正三位に叙せられ、蔵人頭に補せられ、参議を経て権中納言に遷り、陸奥国出羽国按察使、右近衛大将を兼ねる。
He was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Court Rank), appointed as Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain), Sangi (Councilor), and then Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state), and assumed the role of Mutsu Dewa Azechi (Inspector of the provincial government in Mutsu and Dewa) as well as Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards) in the Jowa era (834 to 848) during Emperor Ninmyo's reign.

北九州で大友氏や少弐氏らと合戦を繰り広げながら、父の代の領土であった周防、長門、豊前、筑前に加え、安芸、石見の守護職を兼ねるほかに肥前国の一部にも勢力を広げた。
While engaging in battles with the Otomo and Shoni clans in northern Kyushu, he added title of Shugoshiki (military governor) of Aki and Iwami to his father's estate of Suo, Nagato, Buzen and Chikuzen, and expanded his power to a part of Higo Province as well.

保延6年（1140年）に村上源氏の源氏長者源雅定が淳和院と奨学院別当を兼務して以後、淳和院別当・奨学院別当は源氏長者を兼ねる慣例が生まれて明治維新まで継承された。
In 1140, MINAMOTO no Masasada, Genji choja (the top of the Minamoto clan) of Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) took the posts of both Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto (chancellor of Shogakuin,) and after that, the custom that Genji choja served as both Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto continued until the Meiji Restoration.

更に予定では菊亭晴季の辞任を前提に秀吉を右大臣に昇進させ、二条昭実は1年程度の関白在任を経て近衛信輔に関白を譲り信輔は引き続き左大臣を兼ねる予定であったようである。
It seems the plan was to promote Hideyoshi to Udaijin on the premise of Harusue KIKUTEI's yielding the position to him, to let Akizane NIJO serve as Kanpaku for a year and him relinquish the position to Nobusuke KONOE, and to let Nobusuke serve both as Sadaijin and Kanpaku.

平家の流れをくむ大宰大監平秀基の子の兼輔は、従五位下に任じ肥前国神崎の庄を領し、神崎氏を名のり、その子の兼重は薩摩郡高江郷と莫祢院を併領し、両院の院司職を兼ねる。
Kanesuke, a son of TAIRA no Hidemoto who was Daigen (inspector at the third highest rank of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo period) in Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region) and who had a family lineage in the Taira family, was conferred Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), governed a land in Kanzaki, Hizen Province, and called himself Kanzaki; his son Kaneshige occupied Takae-go, Satsuma County, and Akunein, both of which he held a position of inshi (official of the In no cho, or Retired Emperor's Office).

しかし、風紀を乱すとの理由から前者は1629年に禁止され、後者も売色の目的を兼ねる歌舞伎集団が横行したことなどから1652年に禁止され、現代に連なる野郎歌舞伎となった。
But the former was banned in 1629 for the reason that it corrupted public morals, and the latter was also banned in 1652 because the Kabuki groups which also engaged in the business of male prostitutes were rampant, so Kabuki became the style of 'Yaro-kabuki' (men's Kabuki) that has continued until today.

天元元年10月2日、右大臣であった雅信は左大臣に昇進し、同時に左大臣を兼ねる関白藤原実頼は太政大臣、実の兄である前関白藤原兼通に礼遇されていた藤原兼家が右大臣となった。
On November 10, 978, Masanobu, who had been the udaijin, was promoted to the sadaijin and, at the same time, FUJIWARA no Saneyori, who had been the kanpaku (a chancellor to an adult emperor) and the sadaijin concurrently, became the dajodaijin and FUJIWARA no Kaneie who had been accorded by his real elder brother FUJIWARA no Kanemichi considerate treatment, became the udaijin.

フランコ自身は王政復古を望んでいたが、フアン (バルセロナ伯)元皇太子がフランコ体制を支持せず、フランコ自身が首相と摂政を兼ねる総統に就任して全権を掌握する体制が続いた。
Although Franco himself desired to restore royal rule, former Crown Prince Juan (Count of Barcelona) did not support the Franco government, so that Franco assumed the post of supreme ruler which covered both the posts of prime minister and regent and maintained the political system in order for him to keep full power of control over the nation..

生まれて初めて富士山を祀る神社に参拝する行事で、山開きの日（多くは6月1日）の例祭に、初山団扇と呼ばれる団扇を購入して親類縁者に配り、子供の成長の御礼と報告を兼ねる場合が多い。
In an event that a child visits the shrine where Mt. Fuji is enshrined for the first time, his or her parents buy Uchiwa fan called Hatsuyama Uchiwa in the annual festival held on the opening day of a mountain to climbers (usually June 1), distributing it to relatives for expressing their appreciation and telling relatives about their child's growth.

御家人は、上記のとおり直接所領安堵・本宅安堵の区分のほか、広大な所領を持ち数カ国の守護を兼ねる有力御家人から、ごく狭い所領しか持たない零細な御家人まで大小さまざまな規模であった。
As well as being classified according to Shoryo Ando (feudal tenure) or Hontaku Ando (residence tenure) as described above, the gokenin (samurai retainers) ranged from influential individuals with large territories holding shugo (governor) status in more than one province through to the other end of the spectrum: insignificant gokenin with only small territories.

歌舞伎 - 歌舞伎の創始者とされているのは女性であるが、各地で歌舞伎劇と売春を兼ねる集団が出現するなど風紀上の問題から、女人禁制となり、現在に連なる男性のみの「野郎歌舞伎」となった。
Kabuki: Although the founder of kabuki was regarded as a woman, nyonin kinsei has been implemented because of the problems of morality such as the appearance of groups which played kabuki and provided prostitution, giving rise to 'Yaro Kabuki,' which persists in the present day.

室町時代に入ると、当初は守護の一門やその傍流、或いは重臣、または守護国内の有力武士（国人）が任じられる（ただし、複数の守護を兼ねる家の場合には、他の領国の国人が守護代とされる場合もある。
In the beginning of the Muromachi period, the Shugo's family or close relatives, or his chief vassal, or an influential samurai from within the Shugo's fief (kokujin) was appointed (in fact, for those families that had multiple Shugo, there were instances in which kokujin from other fiefs were made Shugodai.

言論、集会、結社の自由も、（国際世論への配慮のため）一部のキリスト教徒を除き大きく制限され、朝鮮警察事務をすべて日本軍に委任し、通常の警察でなく軍の憲兵（軍事警察）が一般警察官を兼ねるとした。
Freedom of speech, assembly and association was strictly limited except a part of Christians (for consideration of international opinions), and all the Korean police administration was delegated to the Japanese army, of which kenpei (military police) doubled as general policemen instead of the regular police.

なお、武官にあたる自衛官（いわゆる制服組）のみならず、文民（文官）にあたる内部部局の防衛参事官、書記官等（いわゆる背広組）であっても、防衛大臣その他の国務大臣を兼ねることは禁じられていると解される。
Also, even if a candidate was a Self-Defense Official (the so-called uniform team), a civilian (civil officer), the internal Defense Counselor, or secretary (the so-called sebiro (business suit) team), it is understood that it is prohibited to be appointed concurrently as the Secretary of State for Defense and any other Minister of State.

また神聖ローマ皇帝フランツ1世 (神聖ローマ皇帝)の妃マリア・テレジアは本来「皇后」であるが、彼女自身がハンガリー王国・ボヘミア女王を兼ねる実質的な君主であり、日本語でも「女帝」と表されることが多い。
Maria Theresa, the wife of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (the Holy Roman Emperor) would be 'Kogo' but as she was practically the ruler, serving also as the Queen of Bohemia, she is often translated as 'Jyotei.'

4代将軍足利義持時代から仕え、侍所を務め、1418年、1434年には山城国の守護にも任じられ、三河国・若狭国・丹後国、そして山城の4カ国（他に尾張国海東郡・知多郡分郡守護）を兼ねる有力守護大名となった。
He had served the Ashikaga shogunate since the period of the fourth shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA; he served at Samurai-dokoro (the Board of Retainers), and was assigned as shugo of Yamashiro Province in 1418 and in 1434, and became a dominant shugo daimyo of four provinces, Mikawa, Wakasa, Tango and Yamashiro (besides those posts he was appointed bungun-shugo [provincial constable of specially given province] of Kaito County and Chita County of Owari Province).

彼らは、元々は武士では無かったかもしれないが、印東庄司を兼ねる上総介平常澄から動員が掛かれば、鎧を着、弓箭・兵仗を帯びて、何人か十何人かの郎党とともに騎馬武者として駆けつける立場の者も相当含まれていたと思われている。
They may not have been bushi but many were in a position to rush in while wearing armor, holding bows, and staffed as cavalry busha leading dozens of retainers when mobilized by TAIRA no Tsunezumi, who was Kazusa no suke (vice minister of Kazusa Province) that also served as Into no Shoji (administrator of a manor of Into no sho).

一方、徳川家康はその権威に着目し、藤原姓を源姓に改め征夷大将軍と源氏長者を一身に兼ねることにより日本国王に相当する権威を手に入れて公家と武家の掌握に利用した、という足利義満＝日本国王論に依拠した説がある（岡野友彦）。
On the other hand, there is a theory, which is based on the theory of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA equals the King of Japan, that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA saw the advantage of its authority, and changed himself from Fujiwara cognomen to Minamoto cognomen, obtaining power equivalent to that of the King of Japan by becoming both seii taishogun (literally, great general who subdues the barbarians) and Genji choja and used such power for controlling both court nobles and samurai families (Tomohiko OKANO).

武家諸法度・御定書・軍令・軍役・勤番・武具・行列・関所通行・服制・鷹狩などに関する諸規定から成り、しばしば発生する疑問やそれに関する回答について老中や目付に対する伺書の書式を用いて解説している（書札礼の役目も兼ねる）。
The contents consisted of Buke shohatto (laws for the samurai families), osadamegaki (regulations by the bakufu), military orders and various other regulations concerning military services, kinban (regular duty), arms, processions, passing checking stations, the dress code system, and falconry, and frequently enquired questions and answers for them were also explained there using the enquiry format for Roju (senior councilor) or Metsuke (inspector) (the book could also be used for Shosatsurei (Epistolary Etiquette)).

会社は、不公正な取引方法により、自己と国内において競争関係にある他の会社に対し、自己の役員がその会社の役員若しくは従業員の地位を兼ね、又は自己の従業員がその会社の役員の地位を兼ねることを認めるべきことを強制してはならない。
No corporation shall coerce another corporation in competition with it in Japan through unfair trade practices, to admit its directors concurrently to the position of director or employee of the latter corporation, or to admit its employee concurrently to the position of director of the latter corporation.

その結果、太政大臣は、あくまでも天皇の師範として有徳の功労者が任命される職であって政治的権力を有さず、太政官の公事には関与しないこととされた（ただし、摂政・関白を兼ねる場合にはその権限に由来する政治的権限を持つことになる）。
As a result, it was decided that, as Daijo-daijin was ultimately the Emperor's teacher, a virtuous person who had rendered distinguished service should be appointed, and he would not have political power, and would not get involved in political affairs of Daijokan (however, when also serving as Regent or Kanpaku,chief adviser to the Emperor), he would have political power consequent to that position).

募兵、新兵教練が終わった13日、大隊編制が行われ、一番大隊指揮長に篠原国幹、二番大隊指揮長に村田新八、三番大隊指揮長に永山弥一郎、四番大隊指揮長に桐野利秋、五番大隊指揮長に池上四郎が選任され、桐野が総司令を兼ねることになった。
On the 13th, the Daitai was reorganized after the new soldiers were recruited and trained, and Kunimoto SHINOHARA was elected the Ichiban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the first battalion), Sinpachi MURATA was elected the Niban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the second battalion), Yaichiro NAGAYAMA was elected the Sanban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the third battalion), Toshiaki KIRINO was elected the Yonban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the fourth battalion), Shiro IKEGAMI was elected Goban-daitai Shikicho (chief commander of the fifth battalion), and Kirino held an additional post as the supreme commander.

こうした事情より、太政大臣に代わって左大臣が太政官を統括する慣例が生じたが、後に藤原良房及び藤原基経が太政大臣と摂政を兼ねると、太政大臣と摂政の職掌の違いは何か、あるいは太政大臣と左大臣が並存する場合にはどちらが太政官を統括するかで混乱が生じた。
Although these conditions lead to a custom of Sadaijin managing Daijokan in place of Daijo-daijin, later on when FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa and FUJIWARA no Mototsune served as both Daijo-daijin and Sessho (regent), there arose some confusion as to the difference in the duties of Daijo-daijin and Sessho, and who would control Daijokan when there were both Daijo-daijin and Sadaijin at the same time.

会社の役員又は従業員（継続して会社の業務に従事する者であつて、役員以外の者をいう。以下この条において同じ。）は、他の会社の役員の地位を兼ねることにより一定の取引分野における競争を実質的に制限することとなる場合には、当該役員の地位を兼ねてはならない。
Neither an director nor an employee (meaning in this Article a person other than directors engaged in the business of a corporation on a regular basis) of a corporation shall hold at the same time a position as an director of another corporation where the effect of such an interlocking directorate may be substantially to restrain competition in any particular field of trade.

上告の提起と上告受理の申立てを一通の書面でするときは、その書面が上告状と上告受理申立書を兼ねるものであることを明らかにしなければならない。この場合において、上告の理由及び上告受理の申立ての理由をその書面に記載するときは、これらを区別して記載しなければならない。
When filing a final appeal and a petition for the acceptance of a final appeal with a single document, the fact that the document serves both as a petition for an appeal and a petition for the acceptance of a final appeal shall be clarified. In this case, when stating the reasons for a final appeal and the reasons for a petition for the acceptance of a final appeal in said document, they shall be stated separately.

19世紀から幕末期にかけて、「兼ねる」役者と呼ばれた万能選手の名人三代目中村歌右衛門や片岡仁左衛門 (7代目)・八代目の片岡仁左衛門 (8代目)、二代目嵐吉三郎（のちの初代嵐璃寛 (初代)）、ケレン芸で売り出した二代目尾上多見蔵、和事芸の名人二代目実川額十郎などの名優が活躍した。
From the 19th century to the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, famous actors such as Utaemon NAKAMURA III, who was called 'kaneru (to serve concurrently)' and an all-round excellent actor, Nizaemon KATAOKA (nanadaime), Nizaemon KATAOKA VIII (hachidaime), Kichizaburo ARASHI II (later, Rikan ARASHI I (shodai), Tamizo ONOE II, who was famous for keren performances and Gakujuro JITSUKAWA II, who was good at wagoto performances, all played an active role.

前二項の規定は、ある信託の受託者が他の信託の受託者を兼ねる場合において、各信託の信託財産に属する財産を識別することができなくなったとき（前条に規定する場合を除く。）について準用する。この場合において、第一項中「信託財産と固有財産と」とあるのは、「各信託の信託財産」と読み替えるものとする。
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis where a trustee of a trust also serves as a trustee of another trust, and where properties that are among the trust properties of these trusts have become indistinguishable from each other (excluding the case prescribed in the preceding Article). In this case, the phrase 'the trust property and the trustee's own property' in paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be replaced with 'the trust properties of these trusts.'

職員は、法律又は命令の定める場合を除いては、その勤務時間及び職務上の注意力のすべてをその職責遂行のために用い、政府がなすべき責を有する職務にのみ従事しなければならない。職員は、法律又は命令の定める場合を除いては、官職を兼ねてはならない。職員は、官職を兼ねる場合においても、それに対して給与を受けてはならない。
Officials, except in cases provided for by laws or orders, shall give their full hours of work and attention to the performance of their duties in the course of their duties, and engage only in those duties which are the responsibility of the Government to perform. Officials, except in cases provided for by laws or orders, may not hold concurrently two or more government positions. Even when officials hold additional government positions they shall not be paid for them.

しかし、現役の自衛官が防衛大臣を兼ねることはともかく、かつて職業軍人であった者や自衛官であった者が、防衛大臣に就任すること自体は憲法違反にあたらないと解されている（例えば、旧海軍経理学校出身の中曽根康弘（中佐）、松野頼三（少佐）、山下元利（中尉）らや陸上自衛隊自衛官（二等陸尉）であった中谷元が防衛庁長官に就任している）。
However, whether or not an active Self-Defense Official concurrently serves as a Secretary of State for Defense, it is understood that appointment of a career military man or a Self-Defense official to a Secretary of State for Defense itself is not illegal (For instance, Yasuhiro NAKASONE (lieutenant colonel) who graduated from the Naval Paymasters' School, Raizo MATSUNO (major), Ganri YAMASHITA (lieutenant), and Gen NAKATANI who was in the Japanese Self-Defense Forces (First Lieutenant) were appointed to Chief Secretary of State for Defense).

その一方で、当時の慣例に反して頼通が関白のまま実資と共同で一上の職務を行い、藤原公季の死去により空席になった太政大臣への昇進を頼通が実資の死後まで控えたのは、実資が頼通の後任の左大臣に昇進することで、一上として太政官を率いて頼通と対抗することを恐れたからだとも言われている（一上には通常左大臣が就任して、関白及び太政大臣はその職務には携わらず、左大臣が関白を兼ねる場合には右大臣が一上となる慣例であった）。
Meanwhile, it is believed that the reason why Yorimichi fulfilled his duty as Ichi no kami (the head of high court officials) jointly with Sanesuke without leaving the position of Kanpaku against the court custom of the time and declined to be promoted to the office of Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state), which had remained vacant after the death of FUJIWARA no Kinsue, until after the death of Sanesuke, was that he was afraid of the possibility that Sanesuke, promoted to the office of Sadaijin after Yorimichi, might come into conflict with Yorimichi and lead all ministers as Ichi no kami (the office of Ichi no kami was normally assumed by the Sadaijin, while Kanpaku and Daijo-daijin did not perform the duty as Ichi no kami, and if the Sadaijin also served as Kanpaku, Udaijin was normally appointed as Ichi no kami).

国は、産業技術力の強化を図るため、国の試験研究機関の研究者がその研究成果を活用する事業を実施する営利を目的とする私企業を営むことを目的とする会社その他の団体（次項において「研究成果利用会社等」という。）の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ねることが当該研究成果の事業者への移転の促進にとって重要な意義を有することに配慮しつつ、当該研究成果を活用する事業を実施する事業者に対する支援に必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
In order to enhance Industrial Technology Capability, the national government, shall endeavor to take necessary measures to provide support to the business operators who will implement businesses that utilize said research results, taking into account the fact that it has an important meaning in the promotion of transfers of said research results to business operators, for researchers at national Research and Development Institutes to jointly hold positions as officers, advisors or councilors in companies and other organizations whose purpose is to conduct for-profit private enterprise to implement businesses utilizing the results of that research (referred to in the next paragraph as 'Research Results Utilizing Companies, etc.').

地方公共団体は、産業技術力の強化を図るため、公立大学等（学校教育法第一条に規定する大学及び高等専門学校であって地方公共団体が設置するものをいう。）及び地方公共団体の試験研究機関の研究者が研究成果利用会社等の役員、顧問若しくは評議員の職を兼ねることが当該研究成果の事業者への移転の促進にとって重要な意義を有することに配慮しつつ、当該研究成果を活用する事業を実施する事業者に対する支援に必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
In order to enhance Industrial Technology Capability, local governments shall endeavor to take necessary measures to provide support to the business operators who will implement businesses that utilize said research results, taking into account the fact that it has an important meaning in the promotion of transfers of said research results to business operators, for researchers at universities, etc. (meaning entities that are universities or national colleges of technology as prescribed in Article 1 of the School Education Act and are established by local governments) and Research and Development Institute of local governments to jointly hold positions as officers, advisors or councilors of Research Results Utilizing Companies, etc.

金融商品取引業者（第一種金融商品取引業又は投資運用業を行う者に限る。以下この項において同じ。）の取締役又は執行役は、他の会社の取締役、会計参与（会計参与が法人であるときは、その職務を行うべき社員。以下この項において同じ。）、監査役若しくは執行役に就任した場合（他の会社の取締役、会計参与、監査役又は執行役が金融商品取引業者の取締役又は執行役を兼ねることとなつた場合を含む。）又は他の会社の取締役、会計参与、監査役若しくは執行役を退任した場合には、内閣府令で定めるところにより、遅滞なく、その旨を内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
When a director or executive officer of a Financial Instruments Business Operator (limited to those engaged in Type I Financial Instruments Business or Investment Management Business; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) has taken up a position of director, accounting advisor (when an accounting advisor is a juridical person, a member who is supposed to conduct the duty; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph), company auditor, or executive officer for another company (including the cases where a director, accounting advisor, company auditor, or executive officer of other company came to concurrently hold a position of director or executive officer for a Financial Instruments Business Operator), or he/she resigned from a position of director, accounting advisor, company auditor, or executive officer for another company, he/she shall notify to that effect to the Prime Minister without delay, pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Office Ordinance.