倹: 144 Terms and Phrases
- 倹
- economizing
- thriftiness
- prudence
- frugality
- Ken
- economy
- thrifty
- 恭倹
- respectfulness and modesty
- deference
- 倹約
- thrift
- economy
- frugality
- providence
- saving
- Cost-cutting
- 勤倹
- industry
- diligence
- frugality
- 倹約家
- thrifty person
- economist
- Frugal Person
- 倹約令
- laws regulating expenditures
- sumptuary edicts
- thrift ordinance
- 倹約な
- frugal
- parsimonious
- thrifty
- 質素倹約
- simplicity and frugality
- scrimping and saving
- 勤倹の風
- custom (habit) of diligence and thrift
- 勤倹力行
- work hard and practice frugality
- 倹約して
- frugally
- sparingly
- thriftily
- in a thrifty manner
- 倹約する
- economize
- pinch pennies
- saving
- scrape
- tighten one's belt
- 彼は倹約家だ。
- He is an economizer.
- 倹約して、大事に使う
- use frugally or carefully
- でもおれは倹約家なんだ。
- But I'm a saving soul.
- 倹約家の父と浪費家の息子
- a sparing father and a spending son
- 彼女は、せこくない倹約する
- she practices economy without being stingy
- 金や財産の消費における倹約
- frugality in the expenditure of money or resources
- (倹地と書かれる場合もある)
- (Note: the character 'ken' from kenchi was usually written with the tree radical but was also sometimes written with the person radical.)
- 小さな問題においてのみ倹約な
- thrifty in small matters only
- 彼は控え目に言っても倹約家。
- He is frugal, to say the least of it.
- ソノ外万事倹約ヲ用フルベキ事。
- In all other regards, try to practice economy.
- 倹約と勤勉は今でも美徳とされている
- frugality and industry are still regarded as virtues
- 彼はひかえめに言っても、倹約家だ。
- He is frugal, to say the least of it.
- 倹約なんて私の性質上できないことだ。
- Thrift is alien to my nature.
- 彼女はけちと言わないまでも倹約家だ。
- She is a frugal, not to say stingy.
- 収入が低いと倹約せざるを得なくなる。
- A small income obliges us to thrift.
- 彼はけちとは言わないまでも倹約家だ。
- He is thrifty, not to say stingy.
- 彼は酒を飲まず、倹約家で信心深かった。
- He was sober, thrifty and pious;
- 極端な倹約と節制の精神を導入するとか、
- Of introducing a vein of parsimony, prudence and temperance:
- 彼はけちと言わないまでもとても倹約家だ。
- He is very frugal, not to say stingy.
- 通称は勤倹尚武連(きんけんしょうぶれん)。
- It was commonly termed Kinkenshobu-ren.
- その他のことにおいても倹約を心掛けること。
- In all other regards, try to practice economy.
- 彼らは世界大恐慌を憶えているので、倹約する
- thrifty because they remember the great Depression
- 倹約するのも大いに結構だが、彼は極端である。
- It is all very well to be frugal; but he goes too far.
- 彼は金をためるため何年間もけちけち倹約した。
- He pinched and scraped for many years to save money.
- 主な著書に『都鄙問答』『倹約斉家論』がある。
- His main books are 'Tohi Mondo' (City and Country Dialogues) and 'Kenyakusaika Ron.'
- 家風は信仰心が篤く質素倹約を旨としたという。
- The family was quite religious and admired the spirit of simplicity and frugality.
- 彼女は、ケチとは言わないまでも、非常に倹約家だ。
- She is very frugal, not to say stingy.
- 家の支払いのため僕らは倹約しなければならないだろう。
- To make our house payments, we're going to have to tighten our belt.
- 生活費は高い、だから私たちは倹約しなければならない。
- Living is dear, accordingly we have to economize.
- 彼はかなり裕福だが倹約家だ。その点では父親に似てる。
- Though he is fairly well off, he is frugal; he takes after his father in that respect.
- 倹約して、生活し、資源を出来るだけ使わないようにする
- live frugally and use less resources
- 小さな土地に大きな家を建設することを抑制する節倹の法律
- sumptuary laws discouraging construction of large houses on small plots
- 藩政機構を簡素化し、質素倹約を徹底して財政再建を図る。
- He simplified the structure of domain administration and strived to reconstruct its finances through cost-cutting.
- 藩政においても5ヵ年に及ぶ倹約令を発し、藩財政再建に努めた。
- In the administration of the domain, he also made efforts for financial reconstruction of the clan by issuing a thrift ordinance operative for five years.
- というのは、長年の倹約から付加的な費用を賄えたからなのです。
- for he supplied his additional expenses out of his long thriftiness.
- for he supplied his additional expenses out of his long thriftinfess.
- 一、気長く心穏やかにして、よろずに倹約を用い金銀を備ふべし。
- Take a leisurely pace with calm mind, while economize in every cases to save money for preparation.
- ただし『落穂集追加』では家康のは吝嗇でなく倹約と評している。
- However, in 'Ochiboshu Tsuika' (An addition to Gleanings), Ieyasu was evaluated as not having been mean but thrifty.
- 梶が家康に寵愛された理由の一つに、その倹約家ぶりがあげられる。
- One of the reasons why Okaru received Ieyasu's affection was her economical lifestyle.
- 父の師輔は子孫に節倹を遺訓していたが、伊尹はこの点は守らなかった。
- His father, Morosuke, taught his descendants to be frugal, but Koretada did not follow this aspect.
- 生活では綿の着物を着て倹約し、数万円(当時の金額)の富を築いたという。
- He was said to lead a frugal life, wearing kimono made of cotton for example, and earned tens of thousands of yen (the value at the time).
- 晋 (王朝)の大臣(丞相)である王倹の官邸の蓮を歌った歌が原曲とされる。
- It is believed to originate from a song about lotus in the official residence of Jian WANG, the prime minister of the Jin Dynasty,
- 人となり恭倹、いまだかつて奢侈の行いあらず、時人これを惜しむ」と評した。
- However, he was a modest person and did not accept luxury. He is solely missed among us.'
- 倹約の仕方は不自由なるを忍ぶにあり、この世に客に来たと思へば何の苦しみもなし。
- The way of thriftiness is to endure various inconveniences; however, you do not feel any hardship once you consider yourself as a visitor to this world.
- 自ら質素倹約に努め、着物は木綿、食事は朝夕の2回とし、献立も「一汁三菜」とした。
- Yoshimune himself strived to live a simple life and cut costs, by wearing cotton kimono and having a meal twice a day, in the morning and evening, consisting of no more than 'one soup and three dishes.'
- 田沼時代のインフレを収めるため、質素倹約と風紀取り締まりを進め、超緊縮財政で臨んだ。
- In order to subside inflation beginning in the Tanuma government, Sadanobu implemented the policy of simple and frugal life, controled public morals, and administered on an ultra-austerity budget.
- 徳川家康は倹約家で自身は浅黄に染めたふんどしを常に使用し、家臣にもそれを勧めていた。
- Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, an economical person, was reportedly always wearing a fundoshi loincloth dyed in pale yellow, and also encouraged his retainers to do so.
- 元々は鎌倉時代に禅寺で採られていた、質素倹約を重視した食事の形式を指す言葉であった。
- Ichiju-issai originally meant a meal style emphasizing simplicity and frugality that had been taken in Zen temples in the Kamakura period.
- 大名倹飩 主に大名の紋や船などが描かれた、漆絵がある器に入れて出された倹飩を指して言う。
- Daimyo Kendon - Refers to a Kendon that was served in a container that has a lacquer painting of a Daimyo's family crest or boat.
- それ故、人は中年になると、仕事を好み労働に身を捧げ、富を蓄え、倹約しようと心がけるようになる。
- and therefore man in his middle age is fond of work, devoted to labor, and resolute to amass wealth and to husband his resources.
- 江戸期には、倹約を目的として、家中の贈答用に発行された銀札の音物(いんもつ)札のみが発行された。
- In the Edo period, only an inmotsusatsu (a kind of ginsatsu) to be used to purchase presents for family members was issued, for the purpose of thrift.
- 左内の有名なところといえば、富貴を願って倹約を尊び、暇なときには部屋に金貨を敷き詰め、楽しんだ。
- Sanai is known for respecting thrift, desiring riches and honor, as well as for his way of killing time, which is to set gold coins on the floor in the room.
- また、町人階級の経済的躍進は、武士階級を困窮させる事になり、幾度も倹約令や徳政令が出される事になる。
- The economic development of the merchant class resulted in the impoverishment of the samurai, and laws regulating expenditures and debt cancellation orders were promulgated many times.
- 江戸時代には上杉鷹山や池田光政が人々に倹約のために食事を一汁一菜にするよう命じたことが知られている。
- It is known that Yozan UESUGI and Mitsumasa IKEDA ordered people to make their meals ichiju-issai for the sake of frugality during the Edo period.
- 次代執権の北条時宗にも仕え、数十の所領があり家財に富んでいたが、きわめて質素に暮らし倹約を旨とした。
- He also served the next regent Tokimune HOJO and had dozens of shoryo and many household possessions, but he lived a very simple life and made it his principle to be thrifty.
- 乾堂は本来なら純金か玉で刻すべきであるとしながら、国費の倹約のためにあえて印材を刻して政府に献上した。
- Kendo stated that gyoji and seal of state should be carved from gold or precious stone, but dared to use stone in order to save government spending, and presented them.
- 浪費する人を守るために倹約する人に税金をかけるのは、賢明なことではないし、結局はためにならないのである。
- It is not wise, nor in the long run is it kind, to tax the thrifty for the thriftless.
- 奢侈禁止令(しゃしきんしれい)とは、贅沢(奢侈)を禁止して倹約を推奨・強制するための法令及び命令の一群である。
- Sumptuary laws are a series of laws, ordinances, and orders that ban luxury (Shashi) and promote or force thrift.
- 初期は倹約と藩札発布が主であったが、18世紀中盤になると塩・陶器などの土地産物の専売制がかなりの藩で実施される。
- Initial policies were mainly the order to encourage a frugal life and the issue of local paper currency, but in the middle of the 18th century a monopoly system of local specialties, such as salt and ceramics, was introduced in many domains.
- 使用については、儒教の「仁・義・礼・智・信」の五徳にかけたともされ、また「温・良・恭・倹・譲」にも通じるという。
- For adopting the gotokumon as a family crest, the pun for the Confucian gotoku ('humanity,' 'justice,' 'courtesy,' 'wisdom,' and 'faith') was intended, as well as for the other set of five Confucian virtues, 'calmness,' 'sincerity,' 'respect,' 'modesty,' and 'selflessness.'
- また重商主義政策の放棄により、田沼時代に健全化した財政は再び悪化に転じ、もはや倹約令ごときでは回復不能であった。
- And his abandonment of mercantilistic policy turned bakufu finance, which had been healthy in the Tanuma period, for the worse once again, and the finance was degraded to the level that was not reversible merely by a sumptuary decree or the like.
- 庶民の着物は江戸幕府のあい続く倹約令により、次第に裏地や裾など目立たない部分への贅沢に目が向けられるようになる。
- In the meantime, kimono fashion of common people gradually took a direction to obscure part of the kimono such as linings and hems due to the spate of thrift orders by the Edo bakufu.
- 1840年代前半に幕府により実施された天保の改革は質素倹約を旨とし、贅沢品とみなされた浮世絵は規制の対象となった。
- Tenpo Reforms implemented by the shogunate in the first half of the 1840s encouraged simplicity and frugality and ukiyo-e became the target of regulation because it was deemed as a luxury item.
- 定享は質素倹約や新田開発を主とした藩政改革を断行したが、効果が見込めず、また定享自身が若死にしたため、失敗に終わった。
- Reformations based mainly on scrimping and saving along with development of new fields were carried out by Sadamichi, although these turned out unsuccessful and failed after all when Sadamichi died young.
- また鎌倉の無為昭元(むいしょうげん)・約翁徳倹(やくおうとっけん)の会下に入る一方、仁和寺・醍醐寺で密教を学んでいる。
- He also studied esoteric Buddhism at Ninna-ji Temple and Daigo-ji Temple as well as practicing under Mui Shogen and Yakuo Tokken of Kamakura.
- この仲間外(はず)れの男は袴だけはつけているが、後鉢巻は倹約して、抜身の代りに、胸へ太鼓(たいこ)を懸(か)けている。
- He was similarly dressed but instead of a drawn sword, he carried a drum hung about his chest.
- 藩財政は豊かで、祖父や父の藩政のもとで岸和田藩は全盛期を迎えていたが、長泰は奢侈を戒めて倹約を主とした法令を定めている。
- Kishiwada Domain was financially abundant and had its goden days under the reign of his grandfather and father, while Nagayasu established ordinances that encouraged frugality and discouraged extravagance.
- 数々の改革も財政の健全化には結びつかず、また倹約令の徹底によって庶民の恨みも買ったことから、水野の求心力は急速に低下した。
- A number of reforms did not lead to healthy finance, and strict implementation of a sumptuary decree earned the public resentment, so the moving force of the reforms declined rapidly.
- しかし師の前野良沢が困窮しているのを知ると愛読書を売って金に換え、師に送るなどただ倹約に走るだけではない一面もみせている。
- However, knowing that his teacher Ryotaku MAENO was in need, Ransai sold his favorite books to send some money to him, which shows frugality was not his top priority.
- 吉宗時代の質素倹約をいつまでも続けても、それは今風に言えば「貯蓄、タンス預金の奨励」であり、裏返せば「消費の低迷」であった。
- If the simplicity and frugality of the Yoshimune period were continued, they would only, in modern terms, 'promotion of saving and keeping money under the mattress,' which would cause 'a continuing consumer slump.'
- 執政を開始した頼之は、内政面では倹約令など法令の制定、1368年には公家や寺社の荘園を保護する半済令(応安大法)を施行する。
- Starting in the capacity of regent to the shogun, Yoriyuki enacted statutes including a thrift law and Hanzeirei (Oan no Taiho (major law enacted during the Oan era)) to protect estates belonging to court nobles, temples and shrines in 1368.
- 松平定信は庶民の着物の柄まで制限するほどの質素倹約な方針だったので、良くも悪くも世俗的な田沼意次の政治を懐かしむ声も見られた。
- Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA stuck to a policy of simplicity and frugality to the extent that he restricted even the patterns on the kimono of the common people, and, for better or for worse, some looked back on the worldly politics of Okitsugu TANUMA with nostalgia.
- 慶勝は、藩祖徳川義直の遺命である「王命によって催さるる事」を奉じ、尊皇攘夷を主張し、内政では倹約政策を主とした藩政改革を行う。
- Yoshikatsu believed in 'the thing held by the order of the Emperor' which was a will of the original forefather of the domain Yoshinao TOKUGAWA, so that he insisted in Sonno Joi (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) and conducted a reformation of domain duties, mainly a thrifty policy at domestic administration.
- 平将門・藤原純友の起こした承平・天慶の乱(935年 - 940年)の後、朝廷の財政が逼迫していたので倹約に努め物価を安定させた。
- Subsequent to the Shohei and Tengyo Rebellion caused by TAIRA no Masakado, FUJIWARA no Sumitomo (935 - 940), because the imperial financial situation was tight, the Emperor encouraged the saving of money and helped to stabilize prices.
- 主な改革としては、綱紀粛正・倹約令徹底による消費の抑制、人返し令による都市住民の農村への帰還、株仲間の解散令、棄捐令などである。
- Tadakuni's major reforms were, for example, control of people's consumption through tightening public morals and implementing a sumptuary decree strictly, issuance of 'Hitogaeshi-rei' (the decree to force peasants dwelling in urban areas to return to their hometowns), an order on 'kabu nakama' to disband itself, and issuance of 'Kien-rei.'
- そのため彼は倹約令で消費を抑える一方、新田開発による米の増産、定免法採用による収入の安定、上米令、堂島米会所の公認などをおこなった。
- Therefore, he dampened spending using laws that regulated expenditures, while taking action to increase the production of rice through development of new fields, stabilizing incomes by adopting a fixed tax rate, establishing a system of the specific tax rice paied to shorten the obligatory stay of one year in Edo to six months (agemai), and authorizing the Dojima Rice Exchange.
- 茶道頭や茶道衆(茶坊主)のほか茶壷の警備の役人など、徳川吉宗の倹約令が出るまで膨れ上がり、多い時には1000人を超える大行列となった。
- The number of the staff in the procession, such as chadogashira (a head of tea ceremony for the Tokugawa Shogunate family) or chadoshu (tea server) and security officials to guard the tea jar, had swollen up to more than 1000 people until Yoshimune TOKUGAWA issued new laws regulating expenditures.
- そして、自分が有能・公正を見こんだ人々を役職につけ、倹約を旨とし、自ら算盤をとり藩の帳簿を調べ、これまでの役人の不正を明るみに出した。
- And he appointed those whom he recognized capable and fair the important positions, carried out the policy of austerity, and revealed the corruption of officials, checking the account books of the domain by moving beads on an abacus by himself.
- 1879年3月10日、明治天皇が「勤倹の聖旨」を公布して政府の財政路線を批判し、続いて元田に「教学聖旨」を執筆させて教育政策を批判した。
- On March 10, 1879, the Emperor Meiji published 'Imperial Thoughts on Diligence and Thriftiness' to criticize the government's financial policy and also ordered Motoda to write 'Imperial Thoughts on Education' to criticize its education policy.
- 倹約の奨励や富の蓄積を天命の実現と見る考え方はアメリカの社会学者ロバート・ニーリ・ベラーによってカルヴァン主義商業倫理の日本版とされた。
- Since he encouraged thrifty and regarded accumulation of wealth as achievement of God's will, American sociologist Robert Neelly Bellah saw his thought as Japanese version of Calvinism commercial ethics.
- 天保年間には「日用倹約料理仕方角力番附」という家庭料理書の中で「夏場のおかず位付け(ランキング)」の前頭16番目に鯨料理が紹介されている。
- In a home-cooking book titled 'Nichiyo kenyaku ryori shikata sumo banzuke' published in the Tenpo era, a whale meat-based dish was ranked at the 16th of maegashira (sumo wrestlers in the makuuchi [senior-grade] division who rank below the komusubi) in a ranking of summer dishes.
- 壮年時代はよく遊び、料亭に数日間も居続けたり、鉄砲打ちに出かけたりしたが、晩年は質素倹約を旨とし、趣味といえば盆栽と碁を嗜む程度であった。
- In the prime of his life he often played, visited Ryotei (fancy Japanese-style restaurants) for days at a time, and went out shooting, but in his later years he made it his concern to live a simple, frugal life, with interests such as bonsai (a dwarf miniature potted tree) and a game of Go.
- 『徒然草』184段に、障子の切り貼りを手づからしてみせて時頼に倹約の心を伝えたという逸話がみえ、昭和期の国語教科書などにも取り上げられた。
- 'Tsurezuregusa' (Essays in Idleness) mentions at the paragraph number 184 an anecdote that she herself repaired the paper sliding door and taught the spirit of frugality to Tokiyori, and this anecdote was also picked up by the textbook of Japanese-language in the Showa period.
- 定信は将軍吉宗の孫にあたり、吉宗の改革を理想としたため、田沼時代のインフレを収めるため、質素倹約・風紀取り締まりを進め、超緊縮財政で臨んだ。
- Sadanobu, the grandson of the eighth Shogun Yoshimune, regarded Yoshimune's reforms as ideal ones, so he encouraged frugality, watched over public morals, and drew up an extremely reduced budget in order to put an end to inflation from the Tanuma period.
- 田舎へ行って頼(たよ)りになるはお金ばかりだから、なるべく倹約(けんやく)して、万一の時に差支(さしつか)えないようにしなくっちゃいけない。
- Money is the only thing one can depend upon when in the country and you should economize and be prepared for rainy days.
- 倹約して富を蓄えることこそ大切であり、それは天下の人に施すため、また子々孫々まで国の富が不足しないようにするためであると日頃から言い含めていた。
- She regularly insisted that to save wealth was very important because it should be distributed to the people of the country, and that this would prevent a country's wealth from running short through the generations of their offspring.
- こうしたことをするのは、全く私の力以上のことで、でなくても、少くも十年間私が倹約して貯金してからでなくては、そんなことは出来そうもなかったのです。
- To do this was quite beyond my power, and I could only hope that by economy I might in ten years' time save enough to enable me to put up my plate.
- 新しい服をあまり買わず、洗濯して使っていたため、洗濯させられる侍女から新しい服を着てほしいと苦情が出たとき、天下のため倹約するのだと逆に説教した。
- His clothes were washed frequently because he rarely bought new clothes, and when the female servant, who had been forced to wash them, complained that she wanted Ieyasu to buy new clothes, he told her in an admonishing tone that he saved money for the nation.
- また伊周は、内覧として倹約令を出したが、着物の裾の長さなど細部に至るまで厳しく掟を与えたため、公卿から批判の声が高く上がり、人々はその器量を疑った。
- As Nairan, Korechika promulgated sumptuary laws, which strictly regulated every detail, including the length of the train of kimono; this was severely criticized by the court nobles, and people cast doubt on Korechika's capability.
- 家斉の治世は、はじめ質素倹約の政策が引き継がれたが、貨幣悪鋳による出目の収益で幕府財政が一旦潤うと、大奥での華美な生活に流れ、幕政は放漫経営に陥った。
- At the beginning of Ienari's government, the policy of simple and frugal life was succeeded, but when the finance of the shogunate government recovered temporarily by minting new currency with low content of gold and silver, which brought profit margin to the government, administration fell into a lax management at an extravagant expense of the harem (ooku).
- 「孝・忠節・和順・友愛・信義・勤学・立志・誠実・仁慈・礼譲・倹素・忍耐・貞操・廉潔・敏智・剛勇・公平・度量・識断・勉職」の20の徳目が掲げられている。
- Twenty different virtues given in this book are as follows: filial piety (koko), loyalty (chusetsu), docility (wajun), friendship (yuai), fidelity (shingi), industriousness (kingaku), concentration (risshi), sincerity (seijitsu), benevolence (jinji), politeness (reijo), austerity (kanso), perseverance (nintai), chastity (teiso), uprightness (renketsu), agility (binchi), bravery (goyu), fairness (kohei), generosity (doryo), discernment (shikidan) and diligence (benshoku).
- 家臣の倹約を目的として、藩士間の贈答用に用いることを義務付けられた、本来の贈答品の購入費用からすれば比較的低額の兌換紙幣(音物札)を発行した藩もあった。
- Some domains issued exchangeable bills (Inmotsusatsu) which their retainers were forced to use in purchasing presents for their colleague retainers, whose face value was very small compared with the price of presents the retainers had customarily bought, for the purpose of making the retainers save money.
- 1633年から徳川幕府が倒れるまで続いたこの行事は、途中、徳川吉宗の倹約令が出るまで行列の規模はふくれあがり、一時は数百人から数千人の規模になったという。
- This event that lasted from 1633 on up to the Tokugawa shogunate's collapse, continued to grow in scale until Yoshimune TOKUGAWA called for the thrift ordinance; at one point, it is said that the procession was of a size consisting of several hundred to several thousand people.
- ――とにかくこのパイプの持主は、体格の立派な男で、左利きで、歯が丈夫で、身なりに一向かまわない、そしてそんなに倹約して暮す必要のない男だってことは確かだね」
- The owner is obviously a muscular man, left-handed, with an excellent set of teeth, careless in his habits, and with no need to practise economy.''
- 幕府権力の再興に務め、増税と質素倹約による幕政改革、新田開発など公共政策、公事方御定書の制定、市民の意見を取り入れるための目安箱の設置などの享保の改革を実行した。
- He put great effort into the restoration of the bakufu's authority, and enacted the Kyoho Reforms through measures such as tax increases and cost-cutting to reform the bakufu, public policies such as the development of new rice fields, the enactment of Kujikata Osadamegaki (the law of the Edo bakufu), and the installation of opinion boxes to gain the views of the public.
- 頼朝は俊兼の小袖の妻を切り、千葉常胤や土肥実平の質素さを引き合いに出しながら「お前は才能に富んだ者なのに倹約ということを知らない」「今後は華美を止めよ」説教する。
- Yoritomo cut the hem of kosode of Toshikane, and said 'you have versatile talents, but do not know thrift,' and 'stop magnigicence from now on,' quoting the simplicity and frugality of Tsunetane CHIBA and Sanehira DOI.
- 幕府財政は一部で健全化し、1744年には江戸時代を通じて最高の税収となったが、税率変更や倹約の徹底により百姓・町民からの不満を招き百姓一揆・打ちこわしなどが頻発した。
- Thanks to the reforms, the financial condition of the Edo bakufu turned for the better, and in 1744, the income of bakufu reached its peak throughout the Edo period, but Yoshimune's change of tax rate and thorough frugality policy caused frequent uprisings and destructive riots of discontented peasants and merchants.
- 天皇はこれを聞いて倹約を行うとともに贅沢のための殺生を戒める一方で、山沢の禁を緩めて貧しい者が狩漁によって食を得ることを許したという(『日本三代実録』『元亨釈書』)。
- Based on his answer, the emperor lived in frugality and forbade the taking of life for luxury, and relaxed Santaku no Kin to permit the poor and needy to make their living by hunting and fishing ('Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku' 'Genkoshakusho'.)
- 特に、人口が密集した江戸において、最も小さな畳を基準としたのは、家康時代の三河地方では、質素倹約の立場から、京間に対して田舎間と称して意識的に小さな畳を使用させていた。
- Especially in Edo, a heavily-populated area, the smallest tatami was used as the standard because in the Mikawa region, when it was ruled by Ieyasu, the smaller tatami, which was called inaka-ma as opposed to kyo-ma, was forced to be used from the standpoint of modesty and frugality.
- そして、意外にも大隈直系の佐野大蔵卿も反対を表明、更に明治天皇側近の佐々木高行が天皇の意思を奉じて、前年に明治天皇が出した「勤倹の聖旨」と本提案は矛盾すると申し入れを行った。
- Unexpectedly, Sano, the Minister of the Treasury who was in direct line from Okuma, expressed objection, besides Takayuki SASAKI, close advisor to the Emperor Meiji embracing the will of the Emperor, lodged a protest that the proposal contradicted with the 'Emperor's Thoughts on Diligence and Thriftiness' announced by the Emperor Meiji the year before.
- 建武式目は公家法と同様に「倹約」「礼節」を前面に掲げ、更に御成敗式目を「本条」としてその法源の主たる地位に置き、実際の訴訟でも奉行人は御成敗式目を常備していたと伝えられている。
- Like the court noble law, the Kenmu Code put forward 'thrift' and 'decorum,' and further put Goseibai-shikimoku in its main position of the source of law as 'main code,' thus reportedly bugyonin (a magistrate) always had Goseibai-shikimoku even in the actual lawsuit.
- そのため吉宗は、倹約令で消費を抑える一方、新田開発による米増産、定免法採用による収入の安定、上米令、堂島米会所の公認など、米に関する改革を多く行ったため、「米将軍」の異名を取った。
- Therefore, while controlling people's consumption with sumptuary decrees, Yoshimune implemented many rice-related reforms, such as development of new rice fields for increasing the rice harvest, adoption of 'Jomen ho' (the taxation system whose rate was determined by calculating the average rice harvest over the past 5, 10, or 20 years) for stabilizing the income of the Edo bakufu, issuance of 'Agemai-rei' (the decree ordering 'daimyo' to pay 100 koku rice for every 10 thousand koku it had), and permission for Dojima Rice Exchange, so Yoshimune was given a nickname of 'Rice Shogun.'
- これに対して幕府は、儒教的価値観から倹約令にて度々規制しようとしたが、庶民の服飾への情熱は収まらず、茶道の影響もあって、見た目は地味だが実は金のかかっているものを好むようになった。
- From the Confucian perspective, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) tried to cope with the trend by promulgating the ordinance of frugality, but the common people's craze for clothing was not suppressed and, influenced by the tea ceremony, they sought to wear subdued, but expensive clothes.
- だから、課税において、消費者がもっともうまく倹約できるのは何かを考え、なににもまして、適量を越えて使用するのが明かに有害だと思われるものを優先的に選択するのは、国家の義務なのです。
- It is hence the duty of the State to consider, in the imposition of taxes, what commodities the consumers can best spare; and a fortiori, to select in preference those of which it deems the use, beyond a very moderate quantity, to be positively injurious.
- 蘭斎はかなりの倹約家で硯の水も雨水を受けて使い、水の豊富な大垣で何故そんな事をするのかと問われると、こういう小さな事から倹約する気持ちを持たなければ、本当の倹約は出来ないと答えたという。
- Using stored rainwater for the ink slab, Ransai lived in such frugality that he said that real frugality resulted from these small efforts when he asked why he did such a thing in Ogaki rich in water.
- 幕府財政は一部で健全化し、には江戸時代を通じて最高の税収となったが、年貢税率の固定化やゆきすぎた倹約により百姓・町民からの不満を招き、折からの享保の大飢饉もあって、百姓一揆や打ちこわしが頻発した。
- The government finance got balanced partially, and in 1744 the tax revenues were the highest of the Edo period, but the fixation of rice tax rate and the forced frugality of everyday life negatively affected peasants and citizens, resulting in frequent peasant revolts and destructive urban riots, which were also results of the Great Famine of Kyoho.
- 人家の竈(かまど)から炊煙が立ち上っていないことに気づいて租税を免除し、その間は倹約のために宮殿の屋根の茅さえ葺き替えなかった、と言う記紀の逸話に見られるように、仁徳天皇の治世は仁政として知られ、「仁徳」の漢風諡号もこれに由来する。
- The reign of Emperor Nintoku is known for benevolent rule, the Chinese-style posthumous name, 'Nintoku,' originating from this, as can be seen from an anecdote written in the Kojiki and Nihonshoki that he exempted people from taxes after he noticed that no smoke of cooking was coming out of the house furnaces and, in order to save money, he didn't have the palace roof renewed during the tax exemption period.
- しかし、老中首座の水野忠邦とソリが会わず、上知令、庄内藩転封、倹約令などにそのつど反対を標榜し、挙句、忠邦を幕閣を放逐せんとして策謀をめぐらし、水戸に帰国していた水戸藩主徳川斉昭に出府を要請し、斉昭を背後から操って忠邦の天保の改革を潰そうと画策した。
- However, he did not get along with Tadakuni MIZUNO, who was the head of roju, as he made objections to Agechi-rei (confiscation command of territory), Shonai tenpu (changing the territory to Shonai Domain) and Kenyaku-rei (laws regulating expenditures); on top of these, in an attempt to drive Tadakuni out of the government, he requested Nariaki TOKUGAWA, head of Mito Domain who was then back home, to go to Edo, and plotted to hinder Tadakuni's Tenpo Reforms by masterminding Nariaki.
- 寿司の食品素材を販売する広島市の株式会社あじかんによれば、質素倹約を奨励し、庶民の奢侈をたびたび禁じた備前国岡山藩藩主の池田光政が汁物以外に副食を一品に制限する「一汁一菜令」を布告したことが、岡山名物のばらずしが生まれた背景となっていると説明している。
- AHJIKAN Co. Ltd. of Hiroshima City, who sells food ingredients for sushi, explains the appearance of barazushi (scattered sushi), one of specialities in Okayama, went back to an order issued by Mitsumasa IKEDA, the lord of Okayama Domain in Bizen Province, who encouraged people to live a modest and frugal life and often prohibited extravagant lifestyles, that restricted their daily meals to the one rice bowl with one side dish and one soup.
- その後も再三にわたって大洪水や大旱魃、大飢饉などが発生して藩は大被害を受け、第3代藩主・九鬼隆直の時代には藩財政が破綻し、藩札発行や倹約令制定、家臣団の給米減封などを中心とした財政改革が試みられたが、その後も大洪水などによる天災や百姓一揆までもが発生し、藩政はすっかり衰退してしまった。
- Thereafter, the domain was repeatedly assailed by flooding, droughts, and famine, and its finances collapsed in the era of Takanao KUKI, the third lord of the domain, who pursued reforms as the issue of a domain currency, reduction in spending on weapons, and a reduction in the amount of rice distributed to vassals, but this was followed by more flooding and even a peasant's revolt, and the administration was severely weakened.
- 天保7年(1836年)から翌年にかけての天保の大飢饉の際には、あらかじめ食料備蓄庫(報民倉と命名)を築いておいたことや『凶荒心得書』という対応手引きを著して家中に綱紀粛正と倹約の徹底、領民救済の優先を徹底させることなどで、貧しい藩内で誰も餓死者を出さず、そのために全国で唯一幕府から表彰を受けている。
- When the Tempo Famine struck the domain from 1836 to 1837, Kazan helped the domain survive without any deaths due to starvation by taking various precautions, including the construction of food storages (named 'Homin-kura'), education on strict compliance with the law and order, the importance of saving by means of a handbook called 'Kyoko Kokoroe-sho' (Handbook for Disaster Preparedness), and imparting the principle of priority on the survival of the domain's people to the samurai retainers of the domain; consequently, the Tahara Domain was the only domain that was awarded by the Tokugawa shogunate for its great feat.
- 社会不安の高まりと相次ぐ災害に憂慮をした一条天皇及び内覧左大臣藤原道長を中心とした朝廷は、7月11日、内裏の再建を決定するとともに、神仏の信仰を通じた社会不安の沈静化と法規制の強化による秩序の回復を目指して仏神事違例(仏事・神事における違反)と制美服行約倹事(服装の贅沢禁止)に関する審議が行われた(『小右記』・『権記』)。
- The Imperial Court, including Emperor Ichijo and nairan sadaijin (minister of the left who has a right to read and deal with documents before reporting to the Emperor from Daijokan, the Great Council of State) FUJIWARA no Michinaga, was so concerned about growing social unrest and a series of disasters that it decided to rebuild the dairi on July 11 and discussed unconventionality in the Buddhist and the Shinto rituals as well as a ban on luxurious dressing, in order to subdue social unrest through a belief in God and to restore order by reinforcing control. ('Shoyuki' (the diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke), 'Gonki' (FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary))