個: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 各個認定
- Individual Certification
- 個別検定
- Individual Examination
- 個人蔵。
- It is held in a private collection.
- 個人間差異
- interindividual difference
- 個人課税課
- Individual Taxation Division
- 個人美術館
- Private Museum
- Private Art Museum
- Private Collection
- 個人へ贈る。
- Occasions when shugi are given to individuals.
- Occasions when bushugi are given to individuals.
- 個人健康記録
- personal health record
- 個人情報保護室
- Government Information Protection Office
- Personal Information Protection Office
- 大手鑑(個人蔵)
- Large collection of handwriting (personal collection)
- 彼は個性が強い。
- He has a strong personality.
- 個別のキーワード
- distinct keywords
- 登録個別検定機関
- Registered Individual Examination Agency
- 個別的措置の基準
- Standards on individual measures
- 個人情報の取扱い
- Handling of Personal Information
- 個別のキャンペーン
- distinct campaigns
- 個別のウェブサイト
- distinct websites
- 個別の検索エンジン
- distinct search engines
- 個人情報保護専門官
- Senior Specialist for the Protection of Personal Information
- 彼女は個性が強い。
- She has a strong personality.
- 個別交渉と三者の思惑
- One-to-one Negotiations and Expectations of each
- 個人蔵、重要文化財。
- It is a private collection designated as an important cultural property.
- [%s] 個別の国々
- [%s] distinct countries
- 彼女は個性的な人だ。
- She's an individualist.
- 母は卵を十個茹でた。
- Mother boiled ten eggs.
- 対象は原則として個人。
- The target of the prize is generally an individual.
- 総務省個人情報受付窓口
- Protection of Personal Information Window
- 母はパンを一個買った。
- Mother bought a loaf of bread.
- ─ 野村忍介(5個小隊)
- Oshisuke NOMURA (five platoons)
- ─ 津下少佐(3個中隊)
- Major TSUSHITA (three companies)
- ─ 迫田大尉(2個中隊)
- Captain SAKODA (two companies)
- 五個荘町金堂(東近江市)
- Gokashocho-kondo (Higashiomi City)
- (「個人タクシーの日」)
- ('Privately Owned Taxi Day')
- 彼は手荷物が三個あった。
- He had three pieces of baggage.
- 情報公開・個人情報保護室
- Office of Information Disclosure and Personal Information Protection
- 卵が全部で10個あった。
- There were ten eggs in all.
- 粉と卵2個を混ぜなさい。
- Mix the flour with two eggs.
- 彼女はパンを一個買った。
- She bought a loaf of bread.
- 神楽田・和田峠(7個中隊)
- In Kagurada and the Wada-toge Pass (Seven Companies)
- ─ 長谷川中佐(4個中隊)
- Lieutenant Colonel HASEGAWA (four companies)
- 瀟湘八景図屏風 (個人蔵)
- Shosho Hakkei-zu (Eight views of the Xiao and the Xiang in China) (private collection)
- 卵はM玉1個として60g。
- The egg is supposed to be M size weighing about 60 g.
- 彼女は非常に個性的な人だ。
- She has a very strong personality.
- 彼とは個人的な接触がある。
- I am in touch with him.
- 彼女はケーキを3個焼いた。
- She baked three cakes.
- 求職者等の個人情報の取扱い
- Treatment of Personal Information of Job Seekers, etc.
- ─ 乃木希典少佐(4個中隊)
- Major Maresuke NOGI (four companies)
- 指孔(手孔)の個数による分類
- Classification by the number of finger holes (tone holes)
- 伏見版木活字 52,320個
- 52,320 Fushimi-ban printing wood-cut letters
- 後陽成天皇宸翰消息(個人蔵)
- Letter written by Emperor Goyozei (personal collection)
- 彼は一度に6個の箱を運んだ。
- He carried six boxes at a time.
- 参照元タイプごとの個別参照元
- Distinct Referrers by Referrer Type
- 老熟した個性的な書風である。
- This is a skilled and distinctive style of calligraphy.
- 英米思想的な個人主義である。
- So she was an advocate of westernized individualism.
- 熊本鎮台・別働第1旅団2個中隊
- Kumamoto Garrison and two companies of the detached 1st brigade
- 残り1個はそのまま拝見に回す。
- The remaining piece is circulated as it is to the customers for examination.
- 一日に1~2個がよいとされる。
- It is good to eat one or two a day.
- 個人蔵断簡 1枚(重要文化財)
- Fragment held by an individual; important cultural property
- その他、個人経営の民宿もある。
- Privately-run lodging is also available.
- 年間15万個が生産されている。
- Fifteen hundred thousand Shirakawa Daruma dolls are produced every year.
- 後崇光院筆新続古今集(個人蔵)
- Shin Zoku Kokinshu by Gosukoin (private collection)
- 彼は昨日せっけんを6個買った。
- He bought six cakes of soap yesterday.
- 彼女はめいめい2個ずつやった。
- She gave the children two apples each.
- 個体発生は系統発生を繰り返す。
- Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.
- 崖下布袋図(個人蔵)重要文化財
- Gaika-Hotei-zu (Privately owned) Important Cultural Property
- 側面にはギザギザが103個ある。
- On the lateral side, there are 103 knurls.
- ─ (2個中隊、1個大隊右半隊)
- (Two companies, a right half-battalion)
- ゴールタイムが個々の記録となる。
- Each runner's time required to reach the goal is recorded.
- 後桜町天皇宸翰六字名号(個人蔵)
- Six-character name written by Emperor Gosakuramachi (private collection)
- 彼はすばらしい個性を持っている。
- He has a wonderful personality.
- 彼は個人教育を受ける特権がある。
- He had the privilege of a private education.
- 彼はコインを100個持っている。
- He has no less than one hundred coins.
- 彼女は手荷物を2個持っていった。
- She took two pieces of baggage with her.
- 彼女は石鹸を一個使ってしまった。
- She used up a cake of soap.
- 彼女は個性的な話し方をしていた。
- She had an individual style of speaking.
- ケーキ一個で手を打ってあげるよ。
- I'll do it for a cake.
- 使用者が講ずべき個別的措置の基準
- Standards on individual measures to be taken by employers
- 独立した「個」が確立していない。
- They do not establish Independent 'self.'
- ─ 桐野利秋(3個小隊約600名)
- Toshiaki KIRINO (three platoons, about 600 strong)
- ─ 中島健彦指揮5個中隊及び福島隊
- - Five companies led by Takehiko NAKAJIMA and Fukushima-tai troop
- ─ 大迫大尉・知識大尉(2個中隊)
- Captain OSAKO, Captain CHISHIKI (two companies)
- 五個荘町金堂滋賀県東近江市農村集落
- Gokashocho-kondo, Higashiomi City, Shiga Prefecture, agricultural village
- 後桜町天皇宸翰心経百九巻(個人蔵)
- 109 volumes of the heart sutra written by Emperor Gosakuramachi (private collection)
- 彼は5行で5個の間違いを発見した。
- He found five mistakes in as many lines.
- 情報公開・個人情報保護審査会事務局
- Secretariat of the Information Disclosure and Personal Information Protection Review Board
- 彼は10行に10個の間違いをした。
- He made ten mistakes in as many lines.
- 彼女は3個の奇麗なりんごを選んだ。
- She picked out three beautiful apples.
- 箱の中にはりんごが6個入っている。
- There are six apples in the box.
- 民主主義の生命は個人の自由にある。
- Individual freedom is the soul of democracy.
- 10万石級の大名は備を数個保有した。
- Daimyo belonging to the 100,000 koku class possessed several sonae.
- 伝裏門・・三上の集落内の個人宅に移築
- Back gate (according to legend) was dismantled and reconstructed in an individual residence in a village of Mikami.
- 個人を課税対象とする体系的な租税制度
- Methodical tax system for taxing individuals
- ─ 貴島清指揮貴島隊及び薩軍6個中隊
- - Kijima-tai troop led by Kiyoshi KIJIMA and six companies of the Satsuma army
- 細部の仕様は流派、個人により異なる。
- The specifications of details depend on the Kokyu school or the person who uses Kokyu.
- 死霊は供養を重ねるごとに個性を失う。
- Shiryo gradually loses its individuality by services.
- 重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)。
- He was designated as an Individual Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- ([%s] の個別 URL を使用)
- (using [%s] distinct urls)
- 彼女はピアノの個人教授を受けている。
- She takes private piano lessons.
- 彼女は7行に7個の誤りをしたようだ。
- It looks like she made seven mistakes in as many lines.
- 中央協会は、全国を通じて一個とする。
- The Central Association shall have no other counterpart throughout Japan.
- 春光晴雨図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Spring Weather (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 夜色楼台図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Tower at Night (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- 竹溪訪隠図(個人蔵)掛幅 重要文化財
- Bamboo Valley Hideout (Private Collection) Hanging Scroll – Important Cultural Property
- また木食応其個人に一千石が与えられた。
- In addition, Mokujiki Ogo was personally given 1,000 koku.
- ─ 村田新八(5個小隊約1,000名)
- Shinpachi MURATA (five platoons, about 1000 strong)
- 東近江市五個荘町金堂1998年農村集落
- Gokashocho-kondo, Higashiomi City, 1998, agricultural village
- 2006年 第三回個展(ニューヨーク)
- 2006: She held her third personal exhibition (New York).
- 彼は10ページで10個の間違いをした。
- He made ten mistakes in as many pages.
- 彼女はそのことに個人的な注意を払った。
- She gave it her personal attention.
- 六壬の占いで個人差を出すのに使用される。
- It is used to make individual differences in the Rokujin divination.
- 個人店では、まゆ玉が入ったうどんがある。
- A private Udon noodles shop serves Udon noodles topped with cocoon balls.
- 2月13日 山国隊1個小隊が京都を出陣。
- March 6: one small company from the Yamagunitai joins the army marching east from Kyoto.
- 1954年 図書の各学校個別管理を図る。
- 1954: Each Doshisha school planned to manage its own collection of books independently.
- 彼の噂は聞いているが個人的には知らない。
- I know of him, but I don't know him personally.
- 卵3個と1カップの砂糖をまぜてください。
- Mix three eggs and a cup of sugar.
- 個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律
- Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labor-Related Disputes
- 二個師団を上回る兵力が台湾占領にあたった。
- The troops comprising of more than two divisions were assigned the duty of conquering Taiwan.
- アワビの殻の背面には数個の穴が並んでいる。
- Awabi have a line of several holes on the back surface of the shell.
- これは個人の好みで量を加減するためである。
- This is for adjusting the amount of seasoning according to individual taste.
- 3個から5個の団子を串に刺して餡をかける。
- Kushi-dango is a skewered dango formed of three to five dumplings (usually they are skewered by a bamboo skewer) and coated with an.
- 重要無形文化財各個指定保持者(人間国宝)。
- He was an individual holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 天皇の個別命令(別勅)によって任用される。
- Becchoku no Chojo was appointed by the imperial individual order (becchoku).
- 彼は10個もの卵をたやすく食べてしまった。
- He ate as many as ten eggs, no sweat.
- 本当はその声明は彼の個人的見解にすぎない。
- The truth is that the statement is his personal view.
- そこで第16師団を含む4個師団が創設された。
- Four divisions including the Sixteenth Division were created to solve this situation.
- ただし同じ汚染度でも、症状には個人差がある。
- However, even in the same pollution level, the states of diseases depend on the individual.
- 信長はそれを最大限に活用して各個撃破にでた。
- Nobunaga took full advantage of it by 'divide and rule.'
- またその家系の当主個人を指しても用いられる。
- It also refers to the head of such a family line.
- 伊賀流は個人技、甲賀流は集団技に優れていた。
- The Iga school excelled in individual activities, while the Koga school excelled in group activities.
- 常連客を抱える個人事業者に、たまに見られる。
- This system can be sometimes seen in private companies that have regular patrons.
- 遠距離割引を採用していない法人・個人もある。
- There are some corporate and private taxi companies that do not adopt any discounts for long-distance travel.
- 像と厨子とは宝物殿内に別個に安置されている。
- The statue and the miniature temple are separately enshrined in the treasure hall.
- 彼女は子供1人にりんごを2個ずつ分けている。
- She is dealing out two apples to each child.
- 面疔ができた。小鼻の奥に1個、痛い塊がある。
- I have a facial boil. There's a painful lump at the back of one nostril.
- 彼は個人より社会全体に力点を置く傾向がある。
- He tends to place more stress on society in general than on individual.
- 野ざらし紀行図(個人蔵)六曲一隻 重要文化財
- Nozarashi Travelogue (Private Collection) Set of 6 – Important Cultural Property
- 平安時代に入ると、個人による目録が作成された。
- In the Heian Period, people began to create their own personal mokuroku.
- 各個撃破を受け崩壊、足利義昭は京都を追われた。
- However, they were defeated individually and collapsed and Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA was ousted from Kyoto.
- 個人としてはまずは武官の地位を得ることだろう。
- An individual must first gain the rank of a military officer.
- ─ 坂元仲平指揮20個中隊(計約1,300名)
- - Twenty companies led by Nakahira SAKAMOTO (approx 1,300 soldiers in total)
- なお、個別ページのある当主にはリンクを付した。
- A link is provided for a family head whose information is provided individually on a separate page.
- 右腰に下げる(2個を同時に用いることはない)。
- The Gyotai was hung from lower right part of back (two or more Gyotai were not used at the same time).
- この内にはヒスイの勾玉が26個が含まれている。
- Twenty-six jade magatama are included among these 34 magatama.
- さまざまな部族が個々に固有の神を信仰していた。
- Each of the various tribes worshiped its individual unique kami.
- 1996年 重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)
- 1996: Designated an individual holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 1994年重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)。
- 1994: Designated as Individual Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 彼女は数個のオレンジからジュースを絞り取った。
- She squeezed the juice from several oranges.
- 当該派遣労働者等の個人情報の管理に関すること。
- matters relating to the management of personal information of the Dispatched Workers concerned;
- ─ 篠原国幹・別府晋介(6個小隊約1,200名)
- Kunimoto SHINOHARA, Shinsuke BEPPU (six platoons, about 1200 strong)
- 銭の単位は、1,000個で貫・緡または千と呼ぶ。
- 1,000 sen was called kan, sashi or sen.
- 江戸幕府初期から過料は個別の法令で行われていた。
- In conclusion, Karyo had been a means of punishment in individual cases since the early period of Edo Bakufu.
- これまでに出土した銅鐸は全国で約500個である。
- About 500 dotaku have ever been excavated all over Japan.
- 1972年、重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- 1972 Important Intangible Cultural Property Designation (Living National Treasure)
- 遠近競射とは弓道の個人競技における順位決定方法。
- Enkin-kyosha is a method for deciding the ranking of an individual competition in Japanese archery, based on how close an arrow is shot to the center of the target.
- 1989年に重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- He was designated as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1989.
- 1976年に重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)。
- He was designated as the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1976.
- リーズナブルで、40個で1000円(税別)程度。
- Its price is reasonable and about 1,000 yen (exclusive of tax) (40 pieces).
- 申請者が個人である場合にあつては、次に掲げる書類
- where an applicant is an individual, the following documents:
- If the applicant is an individual, the following documents:
- 届出者が個人である場合にあつては、次に掲げる書類
- where a notifier is an individual, the following documents:
- 個人心理のレベルでは、日本人は自我の形成が弱い。
- Japanese people have weak ego-strength at the level of individual psychology.
- ─ 越山休蔵(3個小隊)、池辺吉十郎(熊本隊主力)
- Kyuzo KOSHIYAMA (three platoons), Kichijuro IKEBE (main force of the Kumamoto-tai troop)
- ─ 河野主一郎指揮5個中隊及び延岡隊(約750名)
- - Five companies led by Shuichiro KONO and the Nobeoka-tai troop (approx 750 soldiers)
- 1972年、重要無形文化財各個指定、芸術院賞受賞。
- In 1972, he was designated as an important intangible cultural asset and received the Japan Art Academy Prize.
- 個人の部(総合・45歳以上・女性)もタイムで決定。
- The individual divisions are further categorized into three (the general section, the aged-45-or-older section, and the women's section), and runners are ranked according to their time in each section.
- 個々の官司において下働きや事務などを行う下級官人。
- Low-ranking Kannin who served as underworkers and clerks at individual offices.
- 奈良線で、個人民家の前に駅舎があるのは棚倉駅だけ。
- Tanakura Station is the only station on the Nara Line located in front of an individual's private home.
- 書院南庭は白砂に7個の石を並べた抽象的な庭である。
- The garden to the south of the reception building has an abstract look and features white sand in which seven rocks have been arranged.
- (個人蔵)絹本著色仏眼曼荼羅図、絹本著色普賢延命像
- (Private Collection) Butsugen Mandala, color on silk; Fugen Enmyo Zo, color on silk
- 聴取した医師の意見を健康診断個人票に記載すること。
- To record the advice heard from the physician on the medical examination personal card.
- 竹林茅屋・柳蔭騎路図(個人蔵)六曲一双 重要文化財
- Cottage in Bamboo Grove and Horses under Willow Trees (Private Collection) Six-sided Folding Screen – Important Cultural Property
- 2個小隊からなる中隊編制が用いられることもあった。
- In some cases, companies, each of which was composed of two platoons, were used.
- - 歩兵隊4個大隊,砲兵組,御持小筒組などが参陣。
- The four battalions of infantry, artillery-groups, gojikodutsu-gumi etc. joined the war.
- 17日、1個大隊に薩軍の右翼をつかせる作戦をとった。
- On April 17, the government army took the strategy of making a battalion attack the right flank of the Satsuma army.
- これは、個人的な食の好みや家の伝統による違いである。
- This is due to differences in personal tastes and family traditions.
- 知識人においては個人主義・理想主義が強く意識された。
- Individualism and idealism won attention among the educated people.
- 毎晩7,8個現れるが、必ず2個ずつ対になって現れる。
- The 7 or 8 fire appear every night, but they always appear in pairs.
- 1995年重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)に認定。
- 1995: Designated as Individual Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- - 本堂本尊の十一面千手観音立像とは別個の像である。
- This statue and Juichimen Senju Kannon Ryuzo (standing statue of Eleven-faced Kannon) that is the Honzon of the Hondo main hall are different.
- 役所間だけのやり取りだった解状を個人間で行ったもの。
- Gejo, which were originally exchanged only between public offices, came to be used between individuals.
- もっと言えば仲間同士の個人的な「好き嫌い」が発生する。
- In other words, likes and dislikes between individuals emerge within the group.
- これは倭国を中国と別個の天下とする意識の現れとされる。
- This is said to indicate that they were aware that both Wa and China was separate sovereign states.
- 2006年(平成18年)文化庁芸術祭大賞(個人)受賞。
- In 2006, he received the Grand Prize (personal award) of Arts Festival by the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- 彼はケーキ1切れと引き換えにオレンジ1個を私にくれた。
- He gave me an orange in exchange for a piece of cake.
- 個人情報の保護に関する法律(平成十五年法律第五十七号)
- Act on the Protection of Personal Information (Act No. 57 of 2003)
- 翌年には重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝)を受けている。
- The next year, he was individually designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 無個性などのマイナスイメージをもって語られることもある。
- Sometime it is talked in negative image such as lack of individuality.
- - 天下普請の事でもあるが個々の具体的な幕府が行う普請。
- This also refers to tenka bushin and is a specific fushin independently executed by the bakufu.
- 1970年重要無形文化財保持者各個指定(人間国宝)認定。
- In 1970 he was designated as an Individual Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 彼女は2個の重いスーツケースをさげて動きがとれなかった。
- She was encumbered with two heavy suitcases.
- 事業所ごとの個人情報の適正管理及び秘密の保持に関する規程
- The rules concerning the proper management of personal information and the security of confidential information adopted at each place of business
- 特定労働者派遣事業を行う事業所ごとの個人情報適正管理規程
- Rules for the Proper Management of Personal Information for each place of business for carrying out a specified worker dispatching undertaking;
- それに応じて、8月13日に、二個師団追加派遣を閣議決定。
- In response to this, on August 13, the cabinet approved the dispatch of an additional two divisions.
- 日女とは後の姫、媛と同じで、個人名ではなく普通名詞である。
- Hime as '日女' (literally 'sun woman') is akin to the later hime as '姫' or '媛' (literally, 'princess'), which is not a personal name, but a common noun.
- マウスピース (楽器)歌口から先の頭部が細く、音孔は6個。
- It has six tone holes and its head becomes thinner from the position of mouthpiece.
- その後は、栖鳳や菊池芳文の弟子たちが、個別に活躍していく。
- After that the pupils of Seiho and Hobun KIKUCHI played active roles of their own.
- 哭澄上人詩(こくちょうしょうにんし)(個人蔵、青蓮院伝来)
- Koku Cho shonin shi (哭澄上人詩) (held by an individual, hereditary item of the Shoren-in Temple)
- 全国生産の80%に匹敵する年間130万個が生産されている。
- For one year 1.3 million Takasaki Daruma dolls, which is 80% of all daruma dolls produced in Japan, are produced here.
- 90の約数のうち、9でわり切れない数は何個あるでしょうか。
- Among the divisors of 90, how many numbers are not divisible by 9?
- 彼は、自分が住む空間と寝る空間とを持った一個の個人なのだ。
- He is an individual with his own living space and his own sleeping space.
- 煉瓦職人はその塀には500個のレンガが必要だと見積もった。
- The bricklayer calculated that he would need 500 bricks for the wall.
- 以下に『奥州後三年記』におけるを個々に見ていくことにする。
- The individual profiles in 'Oshu Gosannen Ki' are as follows.
- やがて個人間でも下位身分のものが上位身分で出す文書も指す。
- Later, it also referred to documents issued even between individuals, when from a person of humble status to a more well-placed person.
- これまでは、個人や小規模なグループによる研究が行われてきた。
- Until now, researches concerned have been conducted by individuals or small-sized groups.
- 10世紀初頭の朱雀期になって初めて個別人身支配が放棄された。
- The principle of people-based governance was finally abandoned in the Suzaku era, early 10th century.
- ほかにも個別法令により独自の手続が定められていることも多い。
- In others cases, procedures of independent cases are often determined by individual laws and ordinances.
- 京都は人であふれ、後桜町天皇からは3万個のりんごが配られた。
- Kyoto was overflowed with the people and the Emperor Gosakuramachi handed out 30,000 apples to them.
- 黒田ら全権大使たちの個人的判断で挿入されたと考えられている。
- It was thought that this provision was inserted at the personal decision of the ambassador plenipotentiary, Kuroda, and his team.
- ここで、個別の兵種がそれぞれ独自に機能を発揮するのではない。
- Here, individual soldiers did not function uniquely.
- - 田んぼに係わる付帯施設において個人や共有するものの普請。
- This is fushin performed on private or shared facilities associated with rice paddy fields.
- これらはいわゆる飛地ではなく、起源を異にする別個の町である。
- These are not the so-called detached towns, but individual towns with different origins.
- These are not the so-called detached towns, but are individual towns that have different origins.
- These are not so-called detached land, but separate towns with different origin.
- 回収対象のソニー製充電池は累計で765万9000個となった。
- The amount of Sony rechargeable batteries supposed to be collected totalled 7,659,000 units.
- 木材を継いで用いるときは、二個以上の添え物を用いて継ぐこと。
- When connecting two or more timbers, to connect them with two or more reinforcements.
- これに東海地域を中間とせず別個とした、、と区別する意見もある。
- Another theory suggests a different type of soup broth, Tokai type or Nagoya type, existing in addition to the Kanto and Kansai types, by regarding the Tokai region as an area with separate Udon noodle cultures, not as an area merely lying halfway between the Kanto and Kansai regions.
- 観光ボランティアは個人ベースではなく、組織化され行動している。
- Sightseeing volunteer guides do not operate individually but as part of an organization.
- 昔の大きな屋敷にはこの対の火鉢25組50個置ける部屋があった。
- Formerly, large mansions had a room containing 25 pairs (50 in total) hibachi.
- また、魚の棚以南の個所には異なって伝わっている歌詞が多くある。
- Some words describing the streets south of Uonotana-dori Street haven't come down correctly.
- 通僊院から庭玉軒へ至る露地庭で、数個の石と灯籠が配されている。
- A tea garden that extends from Tsusen-in Temple to Teigyoku-ken Teahouse in which there are placed several stones and lanterns.
- 聴取した医師又は歯科医師の意見を健康診断個人票に記載すること。
- To record the advice by the physician or dentist on the medical examination personal card.
- 戦術の個人戦法から集団戦法への変換は、武器や甲冑の需要を増した。
- Switch of tactics from individual fighting to mass fighting increased demands for weapons and body-armors.
- 庄屋・名主の選出方法は、個々の村々の慣習に委ねられることが多い。
- The procedures for the selection of a Shoya or Nanushi were often dependent upon the customs of each individual village.
- 下交渉として、前月から行われていた個別会談までを含むこともある。
- It can be interpreted to include one-to-one talks that had been held in the previous month as preliminary negotiations.
- 「兵法(ひょうほう)」はあくまで個人の武芸の技を磨くものである。
- Purpose of art of warfare (兵法: reads hyoho) is to develop individual military art techniques.
- 個人レベルでも、趣味の範疇で好事家が戸外で茶を点てる場合もある。
- Dilettantes may personally make tea outdoors for enjoyment.
- 京都には6つの花街があり、それぞれの個性によって構成されている。
- There are six hanamachi in Kyoto, and each has its own characteristics
- これら院の近臣は上皇との個別の主従関係により出世し権勢を強めた。
- Such aides of the In succeeded in their careers through their individual relationships as aides serving under the Joko, and thereby increased their power.
- 大阪府和泉市黄金塚古墳では、大小の勾玉が34個も見つかっている。
- Thirty-four large and small sized magatama have been discovered at the imperial mausolea and tombs of Koganezuka in Izumi City, Osaka Prefecture.
- 渡領とは別個に五摂家は家領と呼ばれる各家固有の所領を有していた。
- In addition to the watari-ryo, the Gosekke families possessed their own private estates which were called keryo (the original ancestral holding of a family).
- その「わざ」はこれを高度に体得している個人または団体が体現する。
- Individuals or groups have attained a high level of mastery in certain skills.
- 目のつり上がった個性的な面貌や奥行きのある体躯などに古様が残る。
- The ancient style is left in its distinctive face with narrow eyes, thick body, and so on.
- 今回は朝廷の命令なしに、義家個人の力で関東の武士を大勢動員した。
- In this case Yoshiie mobilized many samurai of the Kanto region by his own power with no Imperial order.
- 個人事業主者の子が親の家業を引き継ぐことはごく一般的なことである。
- It is common practice for children to inherit the trade or family business of their parents.
- そのため諸藩や団体・個人に呼びかけて北海道の分領支配し開拓させた。
- Therefore, the central government called for feudal domains, organizations and individuals to reclaim a portion of lands in Hokkaido and gave them the control over such areas in return.
- 律令制の個別人身支配が弛緩していくと、在地社会の階層分化が進んだ。
- As the control of individual persons in the ritsuryo-code-based system became weak, the hierarchical level of local societies advanced.
- 一、二個出土する場合が多いが、十数個同時に出土した例も五、六ある。
- Excavation of 1 or 2 dotaku from one site was common but there are five or six cases that 10 or more were concurrently found.
- この頃、薩軍は各郷から新兵を募集し、新振武隊15個中隊を編成した。
- Around this time, the Satsuma army recruited from villages and organized 15 companies for the new Shinbu-tai troop.
- 1.「わざ」を高度に体得している個人を個別に認定する「各個認定」。
- 1. 'Kattko nintei' refers to giving a holder recognition to an individual who attains high skills.
- 重要無形文化財保持者として各個認定された者を一般に人間国宝という。
- Ningen kokuho' (living national treasures), in general, refers to individuals designated as a holder of important intangible cultural property.
- 個別事業では和田埠頭整備促進を含む、舞鶴港貿易振興事業費に2億円。
- Among the individual projects, \0.2 billion was budgeted for the Maizuru Port trade promotion project including the promotion for the construction of Wada Warf.
- また江戸時代、紀州藩により整備された一里塚が残っている個所もある。
- Ichirizuka (a milestone between 'Ri's, about 3,927 kilometers), which were prepared by the Kishu Domain in the Edo period, are occasionally found.
- 個室の夢、一寸法師(いっすんほうし)は備長炭、せいろ蒸しの飲食店。
- Koshitsu no Yume (Dream in Private Rooms), Issunboshi is a restaurant that serves food cooked in steaming baskets and food broiled over binchotan charcoal (high-grade charcoal produced from ubame oak (Quercus phillyraeoides)).
- しかし、中の部屋から1ヶ所だけ15個の石すべてが見える位置がある。
- However, there is 1 point, located in a room in the temple, from which all 15 stones are visible.
- 同書の補注などから大伴家持とは個人的親交があったと推測されている。
- The footnotes in Manyoshu suggest that he was personally associated with OTOMO no Yakamochi.
- 小は個々の荘園や国衙領を分割編成した名田を百姓身分の名主が知行した。
- The smallest power of chigo was that of nanushi (village headman) who used it for myoden of shoen or Kokugaryo.
- その反面、個人から寺院へ田地を施入(寄付)することは禁止されていた。
- On the other hand, it was prohibited to donate farmland to temples personally.
- 村単位とする賦課体系を廃して、個別の土地単位で賦課を行うこととした。
- In the new land-tax system, the system of imposing taxes on each village within the local community as a unit of taxation was abolished and the taxation was to be made to individual unit of land.
- 先の定義で示した「自発性」、「継続性」、「個人性」がポイントである。
- The main conditions that define the role are the fact that it is voluntary, undertaken on a continual basis and conducted personally.
- 2002年(平成14年)重要無形文化財各個保有者(人間国宝)に認定。
- He was designated as the individual holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure).
- 小型の物は、糸5本、人形25体(55体)、鞠1個が標準となっている。
- A small size sagemon generally uses five strings, 25 dolls (or 55 dolls in total) and one mari ball.
- 現在では簡易型の5列5個毬1やガラスショーケースに入ったものもある。
- Currently, there are simplified versions with five rows of five plus one mari, or ones available in a glass case.
- 不改常典の真の名称と形式は、律令ではないという説で一個の論題になる。
- The argument that the name and form of Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten do not follow the requisites of Ritsuryo (the legal codes of the Nara and Heian periods) itself can be developed as an independent theme of one article.
- 本来の仏教には、輪廻転生をするので、特定される個人としての死はない。
- According to original Buddhist teaching, there is no such thing as the death of a person, because people experience Rinne Tensho (all things being in flux through the endless circle of birth, death, and rebirth, the circle of transmigration).
- 名跡(みょうせき)とは家制度と密接に結びつき、代々継承される個人名。
- Myoseki (名跡: Family Name) is a traditional naming convention that closely links family names of individuals with succeeding generations of a family.
- その数は約5万個にのぼり日本最古の活字であり重要文化財となっている。
- There are over 50,000 in total, and have all been designated as Important Cultural Properties as the oldest books in print in Japan.
- また、小倉百人一首などのように個人が撰出した和歌集(私撰集)もある。
- There are also personal collections of poetry called Shisenshu such as 'Ogura Hyakunin Isshu' (The Ogura's Sequence of 100 Poems by 100 Poets).
- 一方、個人による百首は作歌の練習や社寺への奉納などの目的で詠まれた。
- One hundred poem sequences written by an individual poet, on the other hand, were composed for other purposes, such as training and dedicating them to shrines and temples.
- 個人的に親交のあった夢窓疎石は、尊氏の徳を評価した文章を残している。
- Takauji's close friend Soseki MUSO described Takauji as a man of virtue in his writing.
- 800年頃に出された延喜式には、各令制国における郡の個数が記載された。
- In the Engi formality issued around 800, the number of counties in each Ryosei province was written.
- 闇夜の進軍のため各隊の連係は乱れがちで各個に京へ突入することになった。
- Because the army advanced in the moonless night the squads were uncoordinated, and they ended up entering Kyoto separately.
- 地券の発行により、個人に対する土地の私的所有が認められることとなった。
- The issuing of certificates of land titles led to recognition of private landownership.
- 高崎市から3個中隊が足尾に派遣されたが、到着は翌2月7日午後であった。
- Three troops were sent to Ashio from Takasaki City, but their arrival was in the afternoon of the next day, February 7.
- また海軍には重富沖から援護させ、鹿児島には第4旅団の1個大隊を残した。
- He made the Navy provide support from the sea area off Shigetomi, and made a battalion of the 4th brigade stay in Kagoshima.
- 個性化の時代を迎えて、個人の主張が容認される成熟した社会となっている。
- Now, the Japanese socieity is mature and so any individual advocacy is generally accepted, along with movements for individualization.
- しかし、そのレシピに従い個人が梅酒をつくると違法となることがわかった。
- However, it turned out to be illegal for an individual to make umeshu following their recipe.
- 射詰(いづめ)とは、弓道の個人競技において、決勝で順位を決定する方法。
- Izume refers a method of deciding ranking in the final of an individual tournament of Japanese archery.
- トランプやテレビゲームで有名な任天堂も市内に全工場3個を保有している。
- Nintendo, famous for cards and video games, possesses all three of its factories in the city.
- 1973年(昭和48年)、重要無形文化財各個指定者(人間国宝)に認定。
- In 1973, he was recognized as an individual certified as an Important Intangible Cultural Asset (Living National Treasure).
- 但しフルネームを継承するわけではない(名(雅号)は個人ごとに名乗る)。
- However Myoseki name of players were not inherited in full: each player retained their own individual Gago (pseudonym) as their first name.
- -第二次世界大戦後、寺を離れ個人蔵(奈良国立博物館寄託)となっている。
- After the Second World War, it left the temple and is now in a private collection (on display at the Nara National Museum).
- 「委員長、後は何を運ぶんだっけ?」「得点板と大玉もう一個、綱引きの綱」
- 'Mr Chairman, what needs moving next, again?' 'Scoreboard, giant ball and the tug-of-war rope.'
- 一個の争議行為に関し科する罰金の総額は、十万円を超えることはできない。
- The total of fines imposed for one act of dispute shall not exceed one hundred thousand yen.
- それまでの短歌は個人的内容であっても、普遍性や生への問いかけがあった。
- Tanka poems until then bore some questions about universality or about life, even when the works appeared to be of a personal level.
- 対して、個人や一つの国に関しての情報をまとめて記述するのを紀伝体という。
- On the otherhand, 'Kidentai' is a way to describe historical information about any individual or country independently.
- 軍団は数個郡に一つの割合で存在し、郡家の近くに駐屯して、訓練に従事した。
- Gundan existed as one for several counties, stationed near Gunke (public office), and engaged in training.
- 美しく装飾された合貝を納めた貝桶は八角形の形をしており二個一対であった。
- Octagonal kaioke filled with beautifully decorated awasegai (shells for kaiawase) were made in pairs.
- 小ぶりに切った肉や魚介類、野菜を個別に串に刺して衣をまぶして揚げた料理。
- Bite sized meat, sea food and vegetables are put on a skewer, one ingredient on one skewer, breaded and deep-fried.
- 1955年 清水鼻地区を神崎郡 (滋賀県)五個荘町(現東近江市)に編入。
- 1955: Shimizuhana district was incorporated into Gokasho Town (now Higashiomi City), Kanzaki County (Shiga Prefecture).
- 渦巻き型(一般にデンデン型と呼ばれる)や提灯型は個人タクシー専用となる。
- Company logo indicating lamps that are spiral-shaped (generally called 'den-den shape') or Japanese lantern-shaped are only available for privately owned taxis.
- 各像のダイナミックな姿勢と12体の個性を彫り分けた群像表現が見所である。
- A celebrated aspect is the dynamic posture of each statue and the varied expressions of the twelve statues.
- 第3期は、733年(天平5)までで、個性的な歌が生み出された時期である。
- The third period is to 733, and contains a lot of original poems.
- 約300万個の石で積み上げられた石垣の総延長は約120キロメートルに及ぶ。
- The total extension of the stone wall built with about three million stones is approximately 120 km.
- しかし、個別人身支配と郡司の首長権が崩壊すると両制度とも機能しなくなった。
- However, these systems became non-functional after the people-based governance system and chieftaincy of gunji collapsed.
- 14日には後続の4個中隊も竹田に到着し、大分突撃隊を選抜して部隊に加えた。
- On May 14, the four later dispatched companies also arrived at Takeda, and the soldiers selected from the Oitatotsugeki-tai joined the forces.
- 12日に先発の4個中隊が延岡を出発して重岡、13日に竹田に入って占領した。
- The four earlier dispatched companies started from Nobeoka and seized Shigeoka on May 12, and seized Takeda on May 13.
- 土地の班給が人民一人一人に対して行われたので、課税も個人に対してなされた。
- As the cultivated land was allotted for each peasants, taxes were imposed for each individual.
- 飲み方に個々の嗜好が強く反映されるコーヒーを一様にパッケージして販売する。
- Each individual's taste is strongly reflected on the way they drink their coffee, but canned coffee is uniformly canned and sold.
- 一口で食べられる大きさの団子状に成形した丸餅数個を串に刺したものを食べる。
- Several pieces of round mochi each shaped into a dumpling having a size for eating at a mouthful are skewered to eat.
- しかし袴・足袋を除けば、和服を個人の体型に合わせるのは着付けの段階である。
- With the exception of hakama and tabi, however, fitting wafuku to an individual is done during the stage of kitsuke (kimono-wearing).
- 地貝を立て終ると、出役の女房が出貝桶から出貝1個を取り出し、中央に伏せる。
- When all jigai are set, nyobo (a court lady) as dashiyaku (a person who picks out dashigai) takes one of dashigai out of dashigaioke (kaioke for dashigai) and put it inside down on the center.
- 他に、1行のみの断簡、2行のみの断簡が存在し、それぞれ個人蔵となっている。
- In addition to those listed above, there is a fragment containing one line and a fragment containing two lines, both of which are held by individuals.
- 個人事務所を構えたり(桂文福、立花家千橘 (4代目)など)するものもいる。
- Others set up their own firms (e.g. Bunbuku KATSURA and Senkitsu TACHIBANAYA - IV).
- 本項目では、初代神武天皇以降の歴代天皇の地位および個人に関する事柄も扱う。
- In this section, the matters concerning the position and the individual successive Emperors following the first Emperor, Emperor Jinmu, will also be described.
- 人間国宝は、重要無形文化財保持者として各個認定された人物を指す通称である。
- Living National Treasure is a term for those designated as holders of Important Intangible Cultural Property.
- また、南部食堂に併設される喫茶ブリュッケでも個性的なパフェが扱われている。
- And 'Brucke', the café set up next to the 'Nanbu Restaurant', also has unique parfaits.
- また、室生寺、当麻寺のように「金堂」と「本堂」が別個に存在する寺院もある。
- There are also temples, such as Muro-ji Temple and Taima-dera Temple, which contain both a 'hondo' and a 'kondo.'
- 佐渡さんは魅力的な個性の持ち主なのに、その価値が分からず、自分を好まない。
- Even though Sato has a nice personality, he doesn't know its value and doesn't like himself.
- 都道府県協会は、都道府県ごとに一個とし、その地区は、都道府県の区域による。
- One Prefectural Association shall be established in each prefecture and its jurisdictional area shall be the area of the prefecture.
- この頃首皇子(聖武天皇)と親交を持ったらしく、後年個人的に歌を奉げている。
- In this period she seemed to be on friendly terms with Prince Obito (Emperor Shomu) to whom later she dedicated her poems personally.
- 時に作者個人の創作たる発句を完全に独立させた近代文芸の俳句と同一視される。
- Hokku, as an individual art of creation, can be identified as haiku, which is a form of modern literature that became completely independent from hokku.
- そのため賢立の話した神前祝詞の拒否感情と共に賢立個人に対する誹謗に発展した。
- Therefore Kenryu's talk which was a refusal feeling of Norito in front of the gods and it developed into libel against Kenryu himself.
- 個々の人物(特に国に仕えた官僚)の一生や周辺の異民族の民俗を書き並べたもの。
- It is a biography of individual figures (most of them were bureaucrats who served the countries) or a record of folks of other ethnic groups living in surrounding areas.
- 全国は数十カ国の令制国に分けられ、個々の国は中央から派遣された国司が治めた。
- The whole country was divided into tens of ryoseikoku (province) and each province was governed by kokushi (provincial governors) dispatched from the central government.
- アワビではこの穴が4-5個なのに対し、トコブシでは6-8個の穴が開いている。
- While awabi have four or five holes, tokobushi (Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis) have six to eight.
- 香合の中には必ず3個入れておき、その内2個を炭の近くに落し入れ、薫じさせる。
- Three pieces of incense are always put in Kogo, and two pieces out of them are dropped near charcoal and smoked.
- 昭和43年 (1968)、重要無形文化財保持者各個認定(人間国宝)をうける。
- He was individually designated as a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure) in 1968.
- 転じて、一幅分の布そのものやその個数を数える単位としても用いられる事がある。
- Also it is sometimes used for name of a cloth with one haba, and unit to count number of the cloth.
- 残りの100個の小玉は繋ぎなおされて、丶大法師が数珠として常に携帯している。
- The remaining 100 beads were threaded again and were always carried by Chu-dai hoshi as juzu (rosary).
- もっとも美味・不味の判断は個々人の主観や文化・環境などによるところが大きい。
- The judgment of whether a food is tasty or not tasty is largely dependent on each person's subjectivity, culture or the environment.
- これらはさまざまな文化により、時代により、また個人により大きく異なっている。
- This differed greatly depending upon culture, era, and individuals.
- 申請者が個人である場合にあつては、第一条の二第二項第一号ホ及びトに掲げる書類
- where an applicant is an individual, the documents listed in (e) and (g) of item (i) of paragraph (2) of Article 1-2.
- 私的所有に伴う罪を自覚するようになった豪族個人の新たな精神的支柱が求められた。
- The local ruling family started to become aware of the guilt owing private property and sought a new personal emotional prop.
- また、個々人の武士が国司・荘園領主として地方の政務を担う局面も拡大していった。
- And each bushi was increasingly in charge of regional government practices as kokushi or the lords of shoen.
- そのため、本来個室として運用されてきた部屋を相部屋にせざるを得なくなっている。
- As a result, rooms originally used as individual rooms are being shared by two persons now.
- 一番槍(いちばんやり)とは、槍を用いて交戦の口火を切る軍団もしくは個人のこと。
- The term Ichiban-yari refers to a warrior or group of warriors who engaged in combat using a spear.
- 介者剣術から平服、平時の偶発的個人の戦いを想定する素肌剣術に変わったとされる。
- It is said that kaisha-Kenjutsu changed into suhada-Kenjutsu, which was supposed to be used in an accidental fight during peace time between people wearing ordinary clothes.
- 江戸時代には完全に別個の村である「上鳥羽村」「下鳥羽村」として文書に登場する。
- In the Edo period, Toba appeared in documents completely as individual villages by 'Kamitoba-mura Village' and 'Shimotoba-mura Village.'
- 国の経済だって、家庭の経済だって、個人の経済だって、丼勘定でいいものではない。
- Whether it's national economics, family economics, or personal economics, it's not something where sloppy accounting is good enough.
- 裕福な男性の中には個々の体型に合わせて採寸して国民服が仕立てられたこともあった。
- Some of the rich people had the national uniform custom tailored to fit.
- 篠笛は、指孔の個数と共鳴管の長さ(基本音の周波数)と用途、調律により分類される。
- Shinobue are classified according to the number of finger holes, the length of the resonance tube (frequency of fundamental tone), usage and tuning.
- 柿にはビタミンCが豊富で、大きい物ならば一個で一日に必要な量は補給できてしまう。
- Persimmons are rich in vitamin C, and a large one can provide the daily required amount.
- 患者個々の状態により制限される数は異なるが、1日1個程度を目安に摂取するとよい。
- Although the number of eggs varies depending on the condition of each patient, the rough standard would be one per day.
- ただし、こうした鑑賞行事は祭会の際の走馬(はしりうま)として別個の発展を遂げた。
- However, this appreciation event developed differently as hashiriuma (horse racing) at festivals.
- まず、天空に異常が現れ本来ひとつのはずの「太陽」が複数個見られる様になるという。
- First will be found an abnormal phenomenon in the sky that multiple 'suns' appear which should be one normally.
- 1959年12月3日東京都区部で個人タクシー営業が許可され173人に初免許交付。
- December 3, 1959: Operations of privately owned taxis were licensed in Tokyo's wards and the first licenses was issued to 173 people.
- 歩兵隊については、2個大隊(各10個小隊)からなる連隊が最大の編成単位であった。
- Regarding the infantry, the regiment consisting of two battalions (each battalion has 10 platoons is the largest unit of the army.
- 東日本からも、同じく後・晩期の10個所を超える遺跡からソバの花粉が検出されている。
- Likewise, buckwheat pollen was detected at more than ten remains in eastern Japan at the end and the last periods.
- その糸割符仲間に輸入生糸の価格決定と一括購入を許し、それを個々の商人に分配させた。
- And the Shogunate allowed the member merchants of the itowappu nakama to decide the prices of the imported raw silk threads and to buy in bulk and made them distribute the imported raw silk threads to individual merchants.
- これに対し官軍は5月4日、別働第3旅団の3個大隊を水俣から大口攻略のため派遣した。
- Against that, on May 4, the government army sent three battalions of the detached 3rd brigade from Minamata to seize Oguchi.
- 当初、台湾の初等中等教育制度は台湾人と日本人を対象とするものが別個に存在していた。
- Initially, the elementary and secondary educational systems were separate for Taiwanese and Japanese.
- 上記の「嵯峨野」を冠称する地区は、観光名所としての「嵯峨野」とは別個の地区である。
- The above district bearing the name 'Sagano' is other than the famous sightseeing spot, 'Sagano.'
- 専売制が実施される前は個人経営のタバコ店がそれぞれの刻みタバコを製造販売していた。
- Before a tobacco monopoly was implemented, private tobacco shops manufactured and sold individual shredded tobacco.
- 現在は、京都を拠点に個展開催、グループ展参加など国内外で精力的に活動を続けている。
- Today he is based in Kyoto, where he energetically participates in solo and group exhibitions in Japan and abroad.
- 彼女はそれが気にいらないと言ったが、個人的に言えば、私はそれはとてもいいと思った。
- She said she didn't like it, but I thought, personally, it was very good.
- 求人者の情報(職業紹介に係るものに限る。)及び求職者の個人情報の管理に関すること。
- matters concerning the management of information on job offerers (limited to information pertaining to employment placement) and personal information of job seekers;
- 飛火地獄 個人蔵 特別展「美麗 院政期の絵画」(2007年奈良国立博物館)に出品。
- Hell of the Shooting Flames; private collection, an entry at the Special Exhibition 'Exquisite: Paintings of the 11th - 13th Centuries' (2007 the Nara National Museum).
- 剥肉地獄 個人蔵 特別展「美麗 院政期の絵画」(2007年奈良国立博物館)に出品。
- Hell of the Skinning; private collection, an entry at the Special Exhibition 'Exquisite: Paintings of the 11th - 13th Centuries' (2007 the Nara National Museum).
- 壬申戸籍では、皇族、華族、士族、卒族、郷士、旧神官、僧、尼、平民等を別個に集計した。
- Imperial family, the peerage, warrior class, sotsuzoku (low-ranking samurai), goshi (country samurai), former Shinto priests, Buddhist priests, nuns, commoners were separately added up in the Jinshin-koseki.
- 第三部には日本の軍事ドクトリンと仮想敵国に対する個々の作戦計画大綱が述べられている。
- In the third part, the outline of individual operation plans for a Japanese military doctrine and the imagined enemy was stated.
- 5月5日には遅れて到着した相良を指揮長とする行進隊など10個中隊が振武隊と合流した。
- On May 5, ten companies including the Koshin-tai troop led by Commander SAGARA arrived later and were merged with the Shinbu-tai troop.
- しだれ文庫:片方の「たれ」のみを長くしたもの、簡単に結べて個性的に見える利点がある。
- Shidare-bunko (the weeping style of bunko-musubi knot) : the one whose one 'tare' is long, and it is easy to tie and looks unique.
- それに、別個に成立したと思われる本が加えられ、これが4巻、5巻であったと考えられる。
- It is thought that the fourth and fifth volumes, which are considered to be independently-created, were incorporated into those volumes.
- 戦死をケガレから名誉に、個人の問題であった出産を「産めよ増やせよ」の国家事業にした。
- Being killed in war was shifted from a muck to an honor, and childbirth was shifted from a personal matter to a national project having the slogan of 'Give birth to a lot of children and increase the population'.
- これを避けるべく、ガソリンエンジンやディーゼルエンジンを使用する個人タクシーも多い。
- There are many privately owned taxis that use a gasoline engine or a diesel engine to avoid this.
- 1616年(元和 (日本)2年)、藤坂の山中にオニ墓と呼ばれる2個の自然石があった。
- In 1616, there were two natural stones called ogres' tombs on the mountain of Fujisaka.
- 2006年 第二回個展「春酔」 Spring Entrancement(玉川高島屋)
- 2006: She held her second personal exhibition 'Spring Entrancement' (Tamagawa Takashimaya).
- 内部は6個の部屋(鷲の間、雛鶏の間、勅使の間、牡丹の間、瓜の間、枇杷の間)からなる。
- It consists of 6 rooms (Washi-no-ma, Hinadori-no-ma, Chokushi-no-ma, Botan-no-ma, Uri-no-ma, Biwa-no-ma)
- 女性用便所の便房の数は、同時に就業する女性労働者二十人以内ごとに一個以上とすること。
- To provide one or more toilets for every 20 women or less working at the same time.
- 男性用小便所の箇所数は、同時に就業する男性労働者三十人以内ごとに一個以上とすること。
- To provide one or more urinals for every 30 men or less working at the same time.
- この法華経は現在「運慶願経」と呼ばれている(京都・真正極楽寺蔵および個人像、国宝)。
- This Hokekyo is currently called 'Unkei Gangyo' (stored at the Shinsho Gokuraku-ji Temple in Kyoto, privately owned, and a national treasure).
- 私家集 4巻83冊196帖-冷泉家に伝わる私家集(個人歌集)写本を一括指定したもの。
- Four volumes, 83 books, and 196 sections of the Reizei family poetry anthology, designating all the transcriptions of the private family anthologies (personal waka anthologies) passed down in the Reizei family.
- また陽明学の個性尊重の側面を受け継ぎ、「自治・自立・自主」に重きを置いた学説を説いた。
- He adopted the aspect of respecting individuality advocated in Yomeigaku, and advocated a theory emphasizing 'autonomy, self-reliance, and independence.'
- また96個の1文銭を銭通しに通してまとめても100文として通用し、通し100文と呼ぶ。
- Also, when 96 one mon coins were put together on a string, they were called toshi 100 mon and were considered as 100 mon.
- しかし個人の持つ要素が多岐に渡り、その組み合わせによっても様々な相互作用が発生しうる。
- However, the characteristics of individuals are varied, and depending on the combination, different mutual effects are produced.
- また現代武道で多く見られる号令による集団指導はおこなわれず、もっぱら個人指導であった。
- Besides, although gendai budo is often seen giving group-class lessons with loud orders, kobudo was taught exclusively with individual tutoring, and not in group-class lessons.
- 「喜左衛門」(大徳寺孤篷庵)、「細川」(畠山記念館)、「筒井筒」(個人蔵)などが著名。
- Noted oido include 'Kizaemon' (Koho-an in Daitoku-ji Temple), 'Hosokawa' (Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art), and 'Tsutsuizutsu' (private collection).
- コミック(1ページが数個のコマで分割され、そのようなページ数枚で話題が展開されるもの)
- Comic (One page is divided by several frames and the topic develops with such several pages.)
- 平氏政権は清盛という一個人に大きく依存しており、清盛の死から数年のうちに瓦解に至った。
- The Taira clan government relied heavily upon Kiyomori himself, and disintegrated within several years of his death.
- この2つの「稲荷町」には別個の郵便番号が設定されている(他の同一町名についても同様)。
- Separate postal codes are assigned to these two 'Inari-cho' (as for other towns of same names).
- 花芽はモモと異なり、一節につき1個となるため、モモに比べ、開花時の華やかな印象は薄い。
- As the Japanese plum only has one flower per bud, it appears less flamboyant than the peach when it blooms.
- 大宅壮一(第2回会議のみ出席。最終の第9回会議直前に辞任のため答申に個別意見記載なし)
- Soichi OYA (He attended only in the second meeting. He resigned immediately before the ninth meeting with no description of his opinion.)
- 俊寛にだけ恩赦が与えられないのを見兼ねた平重盛が別個に俊寛にも赦免状を書いていたのだ。
- TAIRA no Shigemori, who couldn't bear to see that Shunkan had not been granted amnesty, had written another letter of amnesty for Shunkan.
- したがって九字の呪、四縦五横に切る所作、結印の所作は別個に形成されたものと考えられる。
- It is therefore considered that kuji curse, a gesture of cutting the air 4 times vertically and 5 times horizontally and ketsuin were created separately.
- しかし、当時の観念では主従関係は個々に結ぶものであり、頼朝に従属しない武士も多かった。
- However, the relationships between leader and subordinate that existed previously were characterised by individual bonds and, many samurai subsequently elected not to subordinate themselves to Yoritomo.
- 仏師・運慶の発願によって書写された法華経8巻のうちの一部(巻一は亡失、巻八は個人蔵)。
- Some of the eight volumes of transcribed Lotus Sutras resulting that Buddhist sculptor Unkei vowed to have made (volume one has been lost, volume eight is in privately owned).
- 「あっ。あたし生卵!」「一個でいいですか?」「うん。足りなくなったらまた注ぎ足すから」
- 'Ah, a raw egg for me!' 'Is one enough?' 'Yep, if I need more I'll top it up.'
- 男性用大便所の便房の数は、同時に就業する男性労働者六十人以内ごとに一個以上とすること。
- To provide one or more toilets for every 60 men or less working at the same time.
- 長島・屋長島・中江の3個所に篭った一揆勢はこれに耐え切れず、9月29日には降伏開城した。
- The ikki armies locking themselves in Nagashima, Yanagashima and Nakae could not hold out and surrendered their fortresses on November 3.
- 日蓮は、対馬や壱岐、あるいは九州本土における惨劇を『高祖遺文録」の各個所で言及している。
- Nichiren mentions the tragedies in Tsushima, Iki, or mainland Kyushu in various sections in 'Koso Ibun Roku.'
- 激しい戦いの末に頼光がクモの首を刎ねると、その腹からは1990個もの死人の首が出てきた。
- after fighting a fierce battle, Yorimitsu cut off the monster's head, and he found as many as 1990 heads of the dead in the monster's stomach;
- 昨今ではマグロの養殖業完全養殖により、「全身がトロ」などという個体も作れるようになった。
- Recently, due to the establishment of complete aquaculture technology, hybrid tuna, whose whole body consists of Toro, have also been created.
- 個々の行もまっすぐには書かれておらず、行頭から行末にかけて右下方向へ傾いている例が多い。
- None of the lines are straight, with many tilting towards the lower right.
- 現在の法令上の取り扱いでは「○○宮」の称号はあくまでも宮家の当主個人の称号とされている。
- The name of 'something Miya' is considered as Miyake's personal title under the current laws and regulations.
- この2つの「下丸屋町」には別個の郵便番号が設定されている(他の同一町名についても同様)。
- These two 'Shimomaruya-cho' have different postal codes (the same is true for other towns that have the same name).
- この2つの「今出川町」には別個の郵便番号が設定されている(他の同一町名についても同様)。
- These two 'Imadegawa-cho' have different postal codes (the same is true for other towns that have the same name).
- このため声調、言葉づかい、話しかたなどによって登場人物の個性を印象づける工夫がなされる。
- Therefore, the storyteller contrives to convey the personality of each character by differentiating their tone of voice, choice of words, way of talking, and other factors.
- 古墳時代前期の博労町遺跡から、全国初の2個が背中合わせになったX字形の勾玉が発掘された。
- The first two magatama that form an X shape when put together back-to-back discovered in the country were found in remains at Bakuro-machi, from the early part of the Kofun Period.
- 派遣元事業主は、労働者の個人情報を適正に管理するために必要な措置を講じなければならない。
- A dispatching business operator shall take measures necessary for the proper management of personal information of workers.
- 安達氏は頼朝以来源氏将軍の側近ではあったが、あくまで個人的な従者であって家格は低かった。
- The Adachi clan had been a close adviser to the Shogun of the Minamoto clan since the time of Yoritomo, but it was just a personal follower, and its house status was low.
- 「父母明らかならぬ人」などともされる系譜の明かでない人物を個々に列挙してある部分である。
- This is a part where the characters whose origins were not clear and who were said that 'their parents are unknown' are respectively introduced.
- そののち、満洲平野にて第三軍、第四軍を加えた四個軍でもって、ロシア軍主力を早めに殲滅する。
- After that, the Fourth Army would regroup with the Third Army and annihilate Russia's main force in the Manchurian plains.
- 大部分は一時強勢を誇っても内部分裂等で弱体化し、個別に撃破されるケースがほとんどであった。
- Even if ikki once boasted great power, most ikki were weakened by internal factionalization or the like, which caused most ikki to be defeated on an individual basis.
- この細石刃文化期(14,300~12,000年前)の遺跡は、全国で500個所を優に超える。
- The number of the remains dating back to the period of Saisekijin Culture (from 14300 to 12000 years ago) easily exceeds 500.
- そこで政府は新たに第4旅団(曾我祐準少将)・別働第5旅団(大山巌少将)1個大隊を派遣した。
- Then the national government newly sent the 4th brigade (led by Major General Sukenori SOGA and a battalion of the detached 5th brigade (led by Major General Iwao OYAMA).
- これも個人的な信仰だけでなく、宗教的権威により皇統の正統性を強化する意図を含むものである。
- This was not only meant as a personal religion, but intended to strengthen the legitimacy of the royal line by religious authority.
- 律令制下では、人民一人ひとりに租税が課せられていたため、人民の個別支配が必要とされていた。
- Under the Ritsuryo system, tax was levied on each individual so it was necessary to administer each person individually.
- このうち「人間国宝」と呼ばれるのは、一般的には、個人が認定される各個認定の場合のみである。
- Within the three types of certification, those referred to as 'Living National Treasure' is generally limited to those holding Individual Certification.
- 本尊阿弥陀如来像の頭上に吊られた木造天蓋で、像とは別個に、彫刻部門の国宝に指定されている。
- The wooden canopy that is suspended above the head of the main statue of Amitabha has been designated a National Treasure as a carving separately from the statue.
- そのような場合も含めて、個人の作者として近年名前が挙げられる事が多いのは、紀貫之らである。
- Making allowances for such cases, in recent years KI no Tsurayuki and others have often been mentioned as individual authors.
- さらに近代文芸として個人の創作性を重視して俳句を成立させたのが明治時代の正岡子規であった。
- During the Meiji period, Shiki MASAOKA emphasized creativity within the individual and ultimately established haiku poetry as modern literature.
- また、逆に、電子メール、個人宛のビデオレターなども歴史学上の史料としては古文書に含まれる。
- On the other hand, materials such as e-mail and video letters to individuals are, as historical sources for studying history, included in komonjo.
- 租を納める農民の個人負担によったが、後に民部省格式によって官による運送費の支給が定められる。
- The costs of milling and transport was paid by the farmer who paid So, but later the transport costs were paid by the government according to the Kyakushiki (regulations) of the Ministry of Popular Affairs.
- 当初は、1個が1文(または1銭)の等価価値を持った通貨であり、これを小平銭(小銭)と称した。
- At first, one coin was worth one mon (or one sen) and it was called shohei sen (sho sen).
- 主に境相論などの民事的な訴訟で行われたが、各種犯罪の嫌疑者個人に対して行われた例も存在する。
- Although yugisho was mainly applied to civil suits such as disputes over the boundary between territories, in some cases it was used on a suspect of various crimes.
- 賜田(しでん)は、日本の律令制において、勅(天皇の命令)によって個人へ支給された田地をいう。
- Shiden is the farmland given by emperors through issuing Shochoku (an imperial edict) to individuals under the rules set in the Ritsuryo Code of Japan.
- 奇兵隊指揮長野村忍介は、5月10日以後、奇兵隊8個中隊を率いて、本格的に豊後攻略を開始した。
- On May 10, Oshisuke NOMURA, Commander of Kiheitai, started efforts to conquer Bungo on a full scale, leading eight companies of Kiheitai.
- この時期から倭国は大陸とは別個の天下であるという意識が生じたのだとする説が有力となっている。
- One theory becomes popular that around that time, Wakoku began to be conscious that it was another realm of China.
- 個人の好みで着用するのではなく、職業・役割により現在も和服の着用が強く求められる場合がある。
- In some occupations and roles, people are still absolutely required to wear Wafuku instead of being allowed to wear Wafuku as a preference.
- 同様なものとして、個々の武士が己の功名を周囲に誇示する為に背の指物を個人特有にする事がある。
- Likewise, some samurai changed their sashimono attached on their backs to their own design so that they could display their achievement individually.
- 正式には50cmの竹輪に赤布を巻きつけ、細工ものと柳川まりを交互に7列7個の49個をつるす。
- Formally, one ties a red cloth around a 50 cm long chikuwa (tube shaped fish sausage) and hangs a total of 49 - seven rows of seven - Yanagawa mari (cotton balls wound tightly with multicolored threads) and other small objects on it.
- 200年以上前に途絶えた「古市焼」の再現が地元住民の手による60個の風鈴によっても行われる。
- There is a recreation of 'Furuichi yaki (Furuichi ware),' which was lost over 200 years ago, with 60 wind chimes handmade by the local residents.
- そのような状況を反映して、優美なものから個性的意思的な傾向を示し、華麗な装飾写本が盛行した。
- Reflecting this situation, individualistic and decisive, rather than graceful things came to be favored, and gorgeous and decorative copies were made widely.
- 個人、団体、学校又は関係行政庁の協力を得て、公共職業安定所の業務の運営の改善向上を図ること。
- to improve the operations of Public Employment Security Offices, with the cooperation of individuals, organizations, schools and related administrative agencies;
- さらに、大勢の変化といっても少数の支配層や個人の動向に視点が集中している(福沢諭吉の批判)。
- Furthermore, although he talks about changes in the general trends, his point of view focuses on the actions of the governing classes and a few individuals (the criticism of Yukichi FUKUZAWA).
- 家集(か-しゅう)は王朝和歌の世界において、個人または一家の和歌をまとめて収めた歌集を指す。
- In the world of dynastic poems, 'kashu' is a collection of waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) compiled from personal or family poems.
- その他の水戸派の面々も、ただの悪人ではない個性的な人物像で丁寧に描かれた珍しいドラマである。
- This drama is rare because other men of Mito Group were portrayed not just as just villains but with individual details and personalities.
- 秋月種実は秀吉に各個撃破されることを恐れて支城の益富城を破却して全軍で古処山城に立て籠もった。
- For fear of individual fortresses being attacked by Hideyoshi, Tanezane AKIZUKI abandoned and destroyed Masutomi-jo Castle, which was one of his branch castles, and all of his armed forces were besieged in Koshosan-jo Castle.
- また、大審院長が裁判に介入したことから、個々の裁判官の独立は守られていないことに注意を要する。
- Giving that the chief justice could step into an argument, it could be said that independence of justices was still not secured in this case.
- 近年においては、各戦国大名がそれぞれ得意とし、特徴を持つ築城術を個々に扱った研究も進んでいる。
- In recent years, studies on individual castle building technology that each sengoku daimyo was specialized in and showed unique character has been advanced.
- 8世紀半ばに両税法が施行され、土地を所有する個人への課税率がそれまでと比較して低率に抑えられた
- In the middle of the eighth century, Ryozeiho (taxation law in enforcement in China until Ming Dynasty) was enacted and the rate of taxation on individuals owned the lands was reduced to a lower level than before.
- 人吉防衛のため球磨川付近に布陣していた淵辺率いる鵬翼隊6個中隊(約600名)も佐敷を攻撃した。
- The six companies (about 600 strong) of the Hoyoku-tai troop led by FUCHIBE, which had set up a battle formation around the Kuma-gawa River to defend Hitoyoshi, also attacked the government army in Sashiki.
- 1988年には三重県の水産技術センターと北里大学において別個に稚エビまでの飼育に成功している。
- In 1988 both the Fisheries Technology Center in Mie Prefecture and Kitasato University succeeded in cultivating Ise ebi until they reached the fry shrimp phase.
- 蕎麦粉と小麦粉を51の割合で混ぜて卵1個と砂糖・塩少々を加えて練り上げて卵焼き風に焼いたもの。
- Soba boro is made by frying a mixture consisting of five parts buckwheat flour and one part wheat flour, one egg, sugar and salt in a similar manner for making omelets.
- テンプル・ブロック、チャイニーズ・ブロックともよばれ、2個から5個を一組に使用する場合が多い。
- It is also called temple block, or Chinese block, and between two and five Mokugyo are often used together.
- 一度焼成した後に上絵付けを施す上絵付けの技法を用いた陶器が多く、作家ごとの個性が強いのが特徴。
- Most Kyo-yaki ceramics are made with an overglaze painting technique in which figures are painted on burned pottery, resulting in special characteristics that make the originality of each ceramist come across clearly in his or her work.
- 穢れが身体につくと、個人だけでなくその人が属する共同体の秩序を乱し災いをもたらすと考えられた。
- Upon attachment of Kegare to someone's body, it was believed that Kegare would disturb the order of both the person and the community the person belonged to and generate troubles for both.
- 堂宇などの場合、まだ板敷きを敷かずに土壇を鎮める修法を鎮壇法といい、地鎮と鎮壇を個別に修する。
- In the case of buildings like a temple, there is a rite named Chindan-ho, which is held to calm the dirt mound before laying a wooden floor, and Jichin (calming the land) and Chindan (calming the mound) are performed separately.
- 個人情報を適正に管理し、及び求人者、求職者等の秘密を守るために必要な措置が講じられていること。
- the applicant has taken necessary measures to appropriately manage personal information and keep the secrets of job offerers and job seekers;
- 公共職業安定所等は、求職者等の個人情報を適正に管理するために必要な措置を講じなければならない。
- Public Employment Security Offices, etc. shall take necessary measures in order to appropriately manage the personal information of job seekers, etc.
- 歩兵隊の兵賦は江戸に設けられた駐屯地に入営し、給与だけは各旗本が個別に支給する方式が取られた。
- The heifu in infantry stayed in the camp in Edo, and their salaries were paid by their respective hatamoto.
- 律令国家体制は、中央集権的な政治機構に立脚し、個別人身支配を人民支配・租税収取の原則としていた。
- Based on the centralized political structure, Ritsuryo system's basic philosophy for ruling people/collecting tax was the people-based governance.
- 「しかし、いまや国民皆兵の令がしかれ、巡査の制がもうけられ、個人が刀を佩びる必要はみとめない。」
- However, since universal conscription and the system of a patrol officer have been introduced, the necessity for individuals to carry a sword is no longer recognized.'
- また、帳内・資人が本主の命に反して罪した場合には本主個人が杖罪以下の執行することを許されていた。
- When a lower rank officer (chonai, shijin) acted against his master's orders, the master (honshu) himself was permitted to execute a punishment lower than flogging on his own.
- 律令体制下では、官と位により官人個々の序列と職掌を明確化することで、公家社会の構成を定めていた。
- Under the ritsuryo system, the structure of the court noble society was determined by clarifying rank order and official duties of each government official based on job grades and Ikai (Court ranks).
- しかし中には不良品である可能性も含まれるため、購入店で個別に動作するかを確かめてもらう方が良い。
- It is better, however, to check if the individual parts operate normally at a shop where the computer was purchased as there is a possibility that it is a defective product.
- しかし個人単位でコレクターは数多く存在し、Web上などでそのコレクションの一部を見る事ができる。
- However, there are many of individual collectors and a part of their collections can be seen on websites and so on.
- これはあくまで個人のこととし、若い時分には「我が流儀立つるべからず」(『茶礎』)とも述べている。
- He considered that it was just a private thing, and said that 'my style should not have been established' ('Chaso' [a tea book written by Fumai MATSUDAIRA]) when he was young.
- 自然界における個体数の減少、稚魚の減少にも直接つながっており、養殖産業自身も打撃を受けつつある。
- This, however, is directly related to a decrease in the amount of young eels as well as a decrease in the number of eels in the wild, and the aqua farming industry itself is starting to feel the impact.
- サイズは個々の卵のおよその直径で1ミリメートル前後、皮が固く、噛むと粒がはじける感触を楽しめる。
- The size of each egg is 1 mm or so in diameter and the peel is so solid that chewing and bursting feelings are enjoyable.
- 各個認定はいわゆる「人間国宝」、つまりその分野について高度な技術を持つ「名人」に対して行われる。
- Individual Certification is intended for the what they refer to as 'Living National Treasure,' or in other words, highly skilled 'masters' in their field.
- 1960年1月15日には大阪市、同3月1日名古屋市へと全国に免許区域拡大する等個人タクシー復活。
- As more and more areas issued licenses to operators of privately owned taxis, for example, in Osaka on January 15 and in Nagoya on March 1, in 1960, operations of privately owned taxis made a comeback.
- 2006年 「大阪成蹊大学芸術学部綜合芸術センター学生企画公募 2006」最優秀企画賞、個展開催
- In 2006, Yoshida won the award for the Best Exhibition Plan in the '2006 Student Exhibition Plan Competition of the Composite Art Center of Osaka Seikei University, Faculty of Art and Design,' and also held a solo art exhibition.
- なお、大奥にはこれとは別個に御台所や大奥の上臈と役人との連絡にあたる「御使番」が設置されている。
- In addition, there was the otsukaiban in O-oku (the inner halls of Edo Castle where the wife of the Shogun and her servants reside), who served as liaison officer between the Midaidokoro (wife of the Shogun) or other high-ranking woman servants and the shogunate administrators.
- 和歌改良を志す人々はその題詠による作歌・風雅な趣向を批判し、自由と個性を求める近代短歌を開いた。
- Criticized their overly pompous styles, a new breed of poets seeking to improve on the waka poetry opened up a new age for tanka that embodied freedom and individuality.
- この時期に編纂されたとされる近江令は、国制改革を進めていく個別法令群の総称だったと考えられている。
- It is believed that the Omi Code, which is said to have been compiled in this period, was a general name for the group of laws enforced for promoting the constitutional reforms.
- 強制調印については、当時から、国家に対する威圧と国家を代表する個人への強制に分けて考えられていた。
- Since those days, the compulsory signing had been thought separately divided into a threat against a state and compulsion against an individual who represents the state.
- 観光ガイド社の従業員としてではなく、文字どおり一個人として自発的にその組織に参加し、ガイドを行う。
- Tourism volunteer guides are not employees of tour guide companies but are, as the name suggests, individuals who voluntarily join groups and serve as guides.
- つまり形をしっかりと身に付けることではじめて、高度な応用や個性の発揮が可能になるということである。
- In other words, the display of the high level of applications and individuality can only be accomplished by steady learning of Kata.
- 安田生命保険(今の明治安田生命保険)は1970年代に個人情報管理のシステムを構築することになった。
- In 1970's, Yasuda Mutual Life Insurance Co. (now Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Co.) decided to build a personal information management system.
- 客層の厚い場所に攻撃的に出店できるフットワークがあるため、個人の起業スタイルとして定着しつつある。
- This business model can be of great benefit to the entrepreneur; since the location of the business is fluid, and can be determined by strategically targeting areas of higher foot traffic; these benefits have resulted in its popularity.
- (特に消費額の場合、個々の事業者の売り上げに直結するデータであるため、正確な申告が期待しづらい。)
- (As for the amount of consumption, in particular, the data are directly linked to their sales, so it is hard to expect them to make accurate reports.
- これらの記念物は、動物個体にかかわる天然記念物を除くと、いずれも土地にかかわる文化財となっている。
- All cultural properties of such monuments, except for natural monuments relating to individual animals, relate to lands.
- 実技試験と面接試験については極めて専門的な技術や個人的な資質を問われるため、産地組合に委託される。
- The practical and interview examinations are commissioned to the union of each production area because highly specialized experience and personal qualities are tested in these examinations.
- 過去には蜜柑なども一緒に各家から出たため、子供一人当たり4、50個の蜜柑を分配されることもあった。
- In the past, as mandarin oranges and other stuffs were also offered by each house, 40 to 50 mandarin oranges were distributed to each child.
- その結果、面積が小さくなるから、それによって個体群を維持できない種も出てくることは大いにあり得る。
- As a result, the area becomes smaller, which makes it highly likely that some species will disappear.
- 15個の石は、庭をどちらから眺めても、必ず1個は他の石に隠れて見えないように設計されているという。
- It is said that the garden was designed in such a manner that 1 of the 15 stones is always hidden behind another, no matter where it is viewed from.
- 十三重石塔(重要文化財)-13個の笠石を積み重ねた高さ6.2mの十三重塔で、鎌倉時代に建立された。
- Thirteen-storey pagoda (Important Cultural Property): A 6.2 meter high thirteen-storey pagoda consisting of 13 layered coping stones that was constructed during the Kamakura period.
- 物理的、もしくは想像上の視覚的な美を主に表現し、個人のもつべき精神美は作中ではほとんど登場しない。
- The author predominately describes physical or imaginary visible beauty, while the spiritual beauty that an individual should have hardly appears in the story.
- そして、感性主義と知性主義、個別主義と普遍主義という概念での認識に行き着き、これを提示・提案する。
- Then he arrived at conceptional understanding such as a sensitivity principle versus intellectualism, and particularism versus universalism, so presented and proposed them.
- 高野切の3種の筆跡のなかではもっとも個性が強く、側筆を多用した右肩上がりで肉太の字形に特色がある。
- Of the three calligraphic styles in the Koya-gire, it is the brushwork of the second style that is the most idiosyncratic and unique; it is distinguished by the frequent use of brushstrokes at oblique angles, rising to the right, and by its thick, heavily drawn characters.
- この段階の武器形青銅器は墓に副葬されることが一般的で、個人の所有物として使われていたことがわかる。
- Weapon type bronze ware at that time was usually buried as burial goods, which indicate that they were used as the property of the individual.
- 6月2日閣議は衆議院解散と公使館、居留民保護の名目で朝鮮への混成一個旅団8000名の派兵を決定した。
- On June 2, the cabinet dissolved the house of Representatives and decided to send a mixed brigade consisting of 8,000 soldiers to Korea on the pretext of protecting Japanese residents in Korea.
- つまり、徳川将軍個人の独裁体制ではないものの、徳川家という枠組において独裁体制を敷いていたのである。
- In other words, the Edo bakufu was not a dictatorship of the Tokugawa shogun himself, but a dictatorship in the framework of the Tokugawa family.
- まず輸送部門に関しては、はじめは廻船を差配する廻船問屋という稼業が酒屋とは別個に存在し営業していた。
- First, concerning the transportation sector, Kaisen donya (wholesaler in port), not sakaya, controlled cargo-vessels initially.
- ただし、これは当該の国司の個人裁量によるものであったから、国司が交代すると無効になる可能性があった。
- Since kokushi gave such treatment entirely at his discretion, that exemption could be cancelled by a newly assigned kokushi.
- さらに通し100文を10個、つまり960文を銭通しに通してまとめても1貫(通し一貫)として通用した。
- Also, when 10 toshi 100 mon were gathered, meaning 960 mon on a string, it was equivalent to one kan (toshi one kan).
- また均田制に於いて給付と課税の対象がそれまでの夫婦単位から男性個人単位(丁・中男)へと移行している。
- In the equal-field system, the target of government services and tax collection was changed from married couples to individual males (zheng: 21 - 59 of age, zhongnan: 16 -20 of age.)
- 賤民は大きく奴婢とその他に分けられ、その中でも国が保有する官奴婢と個人が所有する私奴婢に分けられる。
- Senmin was largely divided into Nuhi and others, and Nuhi was divided into Kannuhi owned by the government and Shinuhi owned by individuals.
- 古い文献に「かん」という特別な助数詞で数えた例は見当たらず、いずれも1つ2つ、または1個2個である。
- The old literature had no examples of counting sushi with a special counter suffix, 'kan,' and only had descriptions of counting as hitotsu (one piece), futatsu (two pieces) and so on, or ikko (one piece), niko (two pieces) and so on.
- 公共トイレでは上着や手荷物を掛けるためのフックが個室内にあることが多く、ズボン等を吊るすのに使える。
- Many public lavatories often have a hook on which we hang a coat or a baggage in the compartments and we can use it for hanging trousers and so on.
- 現在、日本の便所では個室にホルダーがついており、そこにロール状のものが備えつけてある場合が最も多い。
- At present, most of the lavatories in Japan have a holder, where the roll-type paper is fixed, in private compartments.
- 家風(かふう)は、個々の特定の家において世代を越えて踏襲される固有の慣習・流儀などの行動様式である。
- Kafu (family tradition) is a style of behavior, including custom and procedure, which has been specifically inherited down the generations within certain individual families.
- ぬるま湯に浸して軽く水をきった手に塩を軽くまぶし、蒸らしたご飯を1個分のおにぎりに見合う量だけ取る。
- Dip both hands in lukewarm water, drain them lightly, coat palms with salt slightly, and take steamed rice as much as a piece of onigiri in the hands.
- 欧米から学んだ会社制度が発達し、制度上は個人商店であった私企業が発展、世界に向けて大規模化していく。
- The company system learned from the western countries was growing, and private companies, which were only privately-run stores in a system, developed on a large scale and carried out overseas expansion.
- 餡を流しかけた餅の上に、薄く切った方形に切ったクリの実を6個並べ、その上に更に、熊笹の葉2枚で覆う。
- Put six pieces of chestnut cut in a thin square shape on the rice cakes and azuki bean pastes, and further cover them all by two leaves of kumazasa (veitch's bamboo).
- そのため、玄宗以降、律令に定める官職(令制官)と別個の官職、すなわち令外官が次々に新設されていった。
- In response, from the Genso period on, government posts defined in the Ritsuryo system and separate government posts, in other words Ryoge no kan, were newly established one after another.
- 妙心寺には2個所(法堂の北西と仏殿の南東)あるが、前者の鐘楼にかかっていたもの(現在は法堂に移動)。
- Myoshin-ji Temple has two bells (northwest of the Hatto and southeast of the Butsuden), but this one was housed within the former bell tower (now moved to the Hatto).
- 個人の生命又は身体に危害が発生し、又は発生する急迫した危険があると信ずるに足りる相当の理由がある場合
- In the case the Whistleblower has a justifiable reason to believe that some damage to the life or body of an individual is caused or about to be caused.
- 義輝個人の嗜好と言うよりも、三好氏との対抗上、もしくは三好氏の意向を受けての裁可である可能性が高い。
- It could be the Miyoshi clan's policy rather than Yoshiteru's own decision because the Miyoshi clan was more powerful than Yoshiteru.
- 第七師団は、他の師団と異なり、各連隊に約1個小隊の乗馬歩兵を配属し、伝令などに当たらせる編成をとった。
- The Seventh Division, unlike other divisions, arranged in each regiment about one platoon of dragoons to act as messengers.
- 別名は、従来の地方行政組織であった郡・郷とは別個に設定され、そのため国-郡-郷という組織体系は崩れた。
- As bechimyo were established independently from existing local administrative organizations, namely gun and go, the governing structure consisted of nation, gun, and go collapsed.
- このように、荘園と郡、郷、保に再編成された国衙領(公領)を個々の収取単位とする体制を荘園公領制と呼ぶ。
- The system that shoen and kokugaryo (koryo) reorganized into gun (local district), go (sub local district), ho (Imperial demesne) worked as units for taxation were called shoen koryo sei (the system of public land and private estates).
- しかし明治日本の最終目標は、個別の外交案件において他国よりも優位に立つことで事足りるものではなかった。
- However the ultimate target of Japan during the Meiji period was not only to have an advantage on each diplomatic negotiation.
- さらに脇腹からは無数の子グモが飛び出したので、そこを探ると、さらに約20個の小さな髑髏があったという。
- seeing millions of offsprings of spiders rushing out from the monster's flank, Yorimitsu examined there and found about twenty more small skulls.
- 商業では、中心市街地の数個の商店街と都市型大型店福知山ファミリーやさとう (京都府)にて繁栄していた。
- In the field of commerce, the city was once flourished with shopping streets in the central urban district and metropolitan large-scale retail stores including Fukuchiyama Family and SATO (in Kyoto Prefecture).
- しかし個々の守護大名を幕府が討伐した例はあるものの、守護大名と室町将軍が全面的に対立する事は無かった。
- However, while there were cases in which the bakufu subdued individual Shugo daimyos, there was no case where a Shugo daimyo and Shogun Muromachi were fully in conflict with each other.
- この思想が東京綜合写真専門学校の理念として引き継がれ、多くの先鋭的で個性的な写真家を輩出し続けている。
- The idea has been carried on into the philosophy of Tokyo College of Photography, and the college continues to produce many radical and individual photographers.
- お札が家庭の守りであるのに対し、守札は個人的に神の利益を願うものであり、身につけるものであるとされる。
- Each household keeps Ofuda as an Omamori, whereas individuals keep or wear a Mamorifuda for praying for divine favor.
- なお、六波羅探題や奥州将軍府、鎌倉府などの地方期間にも寺社奉行や個別寺社を扱う別奉行が設置されている。
- Jisha-bugyo and special bugyo were set up in the local administrative organs such as Rokuhara Tandai, Oshu Shogunfu and Kamakura Government.
- 各個認定は保持者個人の認定、総合認定は集団を構成する保持者の認定、保持団体認定は保持団体の認定である。
- Individual Certification is given to individual holders, General Certification is given to holders as an organized group, and Preservation Group Certification is given to the holders of a group.
- 精悍な伝・湛慶像と、老いてまだまだ盛んな巨匠といった風貌の伝・運慶像とそれぞれの個性が表現されている。
- Each statue displays its own personality with the determined young Tankei and the old master Unkei who looks hale and hearty despite his age.
- 戦術が単騎による個人戦から集団戦闘へと変遷するに従い、軍役は所領や収穫量を基準としたものになっていった。
- As the military strategy changed from the one-to-one duels by horsemen to the party and army battle, the military service had been based on the area and the crop yields of the territory.
- 大坂町奉行が堺奉行を兼ねていた時期もあり、江戸時代大坂と堺が一個の都市圏を築いていたと主張する人もいる。
- The Osaka City magistrate assumed jurisdiction over Sakai for a while, and therefore, some scholars argue that Osaka and Sakai formed a single urban sphere in the Edo Period.
- 薩軍では、4月28日の江代の軍議の後、中島健彦を振武隊など11個中隊の指揮長として鹿児島方面に派遣した。
- After the military meeting held in Eshiro on April 28, the Satsuma army sent eleven companies including the Shinbu-tai troop with Takehiko NAKAJIMA as Commander to the Kagoshima area.
- 皮種の形状は、伝統的な円盤型のものが多いが、店によっては貝殻型などの個性的なものを作っている場合もある。
- Most of the tane have a traditional shape of a disc, but some manufacturers produce them in such a unique shape as a shell.
- 床には着用時に脇から背中に回る部分に銙(か/金偏に夸)と呼ぶ宝玉十個近くを十文字に糸を渡して縫い付ける。
- A set of around ten gems called a ka (the radical of the kanji '金' to the left with 夸 to the right) was sewn on the part of the toko on the side and back when it was worn by crossing a thread over each gem.
- これに対して天来は碑版法帖をより一層体系づけるとともに個性・芸術性という内面的な美意識を開拓していった。
- For this, in addition to systematizing inscriptions and copybooks at a higher level, Tenrai newly introduced and advanced inner senses of beauty, such as the aspects of individuality and artistry
- そういった国では大将から准将までをひっくるめた呼称が将軍であり、元帥は将軍とは別個の物として扱われる)。
- In these countries, senior officers from General to Brigadier General are addressed as 'General,' but 'Marshal' is used separately as a title for the 'Gensui' only.
- 行分けによる呼吸論に着目して個々の独自性と理想型を目指した詩歌形式を創始者草壁焔太が発案し、定着させた。
- Enta KUSAKABE, who had been pursuing an original and ideal style of poetry, suggested and established this form after finding appreciation for the line-by-line breathing system.
- 更に村内の個々の土地についての記述を終えた後に村全体の地目・品位ごとの段別集計を行った後に村高を記載する。
- After the above-mentioned items for each plot of land in the village were entered in kenchi-cho, the yield per tan by the land category and that by the land's fertility rank were calculated, and then, muradaka was written into kenchi-cho.
- しかし、早くも8世紀後期頃から百姓の偽籍・浮浪・逃亡が見られ始め、個別人身支配体制にほころびが生じていた。
- However, as early as from late 8th century, the regime of people-based governance started to fray at the edges as the case of peasants' false registration, vagrancy and escape increased.
- これにより、宮中(宮廷)と府中(政府)の別が明定され、行政責任を各省大臣が個別に負う体制の基礎が生まれた。
- These steps clarified the separation between the Imperial court and the government, and created the foundation of a governmental system in which each minister took a share of administrative responsibility.
- 中世においてはしばしば律令法より個々の家のローカルなルールな優先され、家々の交渉の積み重ねが政務となった。
- In the medieval period, local rules of individual families often had a priority over ritsuryo law, and accumulation of negotiations between families became government affairs.
- まず、国宝指定物件は社寺の所有品が大部分であるのに対し、重要美術品等認定物件は圧倒的に個人の所蔵品が多い。
- First, while the majority of the articles designated as a national treasure is owned by temples or shrines, the properties accredited as an important art object are predominantly in private possession.
- 同風土記には大国魂命、造天下大神(大国主)、大穴持命(大国主の別名)が個別の神として記されている説もある。
- In the records, Okunitama no mikoto, Amenoshitatukurashi okami (okuninushi), and Onamochi (another name of okuninushi) are described as separate kami.
- 与力には、町奉行直属の個人的な家臣である内与力と、奉行所に所属する官吏としての通常の与力の2種類があった。
- In addition to ordinary yoriki who belonged to Bugyo-sho, there were also uchiyori who were private retainers of machi-bugyo.
- 個別検定に合格した機械等以外の機械等には、前項の表示を付し、又はこれらと紛らわしい表示を付してはならない。
- The label set forth in the preceding paragraph or one misleading shall not be affixed to machines, etc., other than the machines, etc., that have passed the individual examination.
- しかし、鎌倉時代ごろから、名主・荘官への加地子と、国衙・領家への本年貢が別個に納入されるようになっていった。
- However, Kajishi for myoshu/shokan and honnengu for kokuga/ryoke had been delivered separately since the Kamakura period.
- 4月22日に雷撃隊 (13個中隊、約1300名)の指揮長に抜擢された辺見は日ならずして大口防衛に派遣された。
- On April 22, HENMI was selected as the commander of the Raigeki-tai troop (consisting of 13 companies and approx 1,300 strength), and dispatched for defending Oguchi in a few days.
- 芸術品、工芸品として取引され、作家名の押し印されたものも多く、個々の茶碗に銘(名前)が付けられたものもある。
- Chawans are treated as works of art and artifacts, many of which have the artist's name printed on them and some of which have been given individual names.
- 一般に炊いた米には粘着性もあり、10個も握ればその後は、殆ど汚物や病原菌なども取り去られるとする意見もある。
- Some people say that since cooked rice is sticky in general, most dirty things and pathogenic bacteria are removed after making at least ten pieces of Nigiri-zushi.
- 要するに本書には、「わび茶」と「書院の茶」という二種類の別個に自立性を持った喫茶文化が並存しているのである。
- In sum, two different, individual tea-drinking cultures coexist together in this book: 'wabicha' and 'tea ceremony in Shoin (traditional style of Japanese residential architecture).'
- こうして経済力をつけた酒屋が、それまで酒屋とは別個の職業であった麹造りにも進出し、従来の麹屋の座と対立した。
- Such a sake brewery with economic power also began to produce rice malt which had been done by different industries from sake brewery, and as a result, it came into conflict with the guild of conventional suppliers of malts.
- 「徳川」姓は、家康個人が松平氏内部で専制権力を確立して松平一族と家臣団を統制するために使われたと考えられる。
- The 'Tokugawa' surname established Ieyasu's autocratic powers within the Matsudaira clan and as such, it is thought Ieyasu exploited the entire Matsudaira clan and framework of retainers.
- また投機の成功で「成金」と呼ばれるような個人も現れ、庶民においても新時代への夢や野望が大いに掻き立てられた。
- People called 'the newly rich' owing to the speculative gains also appeared, and the dreams and ambitions for the new era were aroused among ordinary people.
- 湯沐邑は、中国に古くからあった制度で、漢代には個人の収入源として諸侯や王以外の皇族に与えられる領地であった。
- Tomokuyu was a system that had long existed from the ancient China, and in the Han dysnasty, the lands were given to the members of the Imperial family, excluding the lords and kings, for their own income sources.
- 例えば、願書類の宛先が「老中」とある場合、個別領主の家老なのか、幕府の老中を指すのか、史料批判が必要になる。
- For example, when it is found that 'Roju' was written in an application form, it is necessary to conduct historical investigations to determine whether it indicated Karo under a lord or Roju at the bakufu.
- 京都の土倉・酒屋を支配下に置いた幕府は当初は直接個々の業者より徴収を行おうとしたものの、徴収効率が悪かった。
- Dominating the doso and sakaya, the bakufu initially tried to collect taxes directly from individual traders, but their efficiency was poor.
- 重要無形文化財の保持者または保持団体の認定の方式には、「各個認定」「総合認定」「保持団体認定」の3種がある。
- There are three types of certifications for individuals or groups who hold important intangible cultural property: 'Individual Certification,' 'General Certification,' and 'Preservation Group Certification.'
- この頃、近藤齋宮と称しており衣棚下立売や丸太町油小路に住み、売講や個人教授などをして生計を立てていたらしい。
- It is said that during this period, he called himself Itsuki KONDO, lived on Koromonotana Shimodachiuri, or Marutamachi Aburanokoji, earned his living by giving lectures and private lessons.
- 児童家庭支援センターの職員は、その職務を遂行するに当たつては、個人の身上に関する秘密を守らなければならない。
- An employee of a child and family support center shall, when performing his/her duties, not divulge any secret concerning personal circumstances.
- 第一項の労働者を提供する者とは、それが使用者、個人、団体、法人又はその他如何なる名称形式であるとを問わない。
- A person supplying workers provided by paragraph 1 may be an employer, individual, association, juridical person or others, regardless of its name or form.
- ちなみに新選組隊士個人を弔う祭りを開催しているのは近藤勇・土方歳三・沖田総司・斎藤一に次いで、5人目である。
- Incidentally, the festival to mourn an individual member of Shinsengumi was only fconducted for the five members of sami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, Soji OKITA, Hajime SAITO, and Keisuke SANNAN.
- なお、公家と複数の徳川将軍から朱印状を受けた寺社及び50石以上の寺社領を持つ寺社に対しては個々に交付された。
- New ryochi-hanmono, shuinjo and ryochi-mokuroku were individually granted to kuge, those temples and shrines which had received shuinjo from more than one Tokugawa Shogun in the past or which possessed a territory of more than 500,000 koku (of rice).
- これは、近世的な個人的武技に頼る戦闘では、近代戦において勝利を得るのが困難であることを理解していたからである。
- This is because they understood that an army depending on personal fighting ability like the one used in the early modern times would be difficult to win modern wars.
- 個々の軍団は、所在地の名前に「軍団」をつけて玉造軍団などと呼ばれたり、「団」を付けて「玉造団」などと呼ばれた。
- Gundan was individually called by attaching a name of place to 'Gundan' such as Tamatsukuri Gundan (army corps in Tamatsukuri-gun, Mutsu Province), or to 'dan' like 'Tamatsukuri dan' (same meaning as the Tamatsukuri Gundan).
- 一方で朱熹は、陳亮ら功利学派(事功学派)を、個人の自己修養を無視して社会関係のみを重視していると批判している。
- On the other hand, Hsi CHU criticized Liang CHEN and others of the utilitarianism school sect (事功学派) that the theory ignored individual self-discipline and valued only the social relation.
- 最大のものは直径200cmの傘の中に999個の細工をつるした高さ270cmの傘福が山王クラブに展示されている。
- The biggest one is 270cm high with and umbrella of 200 cm in diameter and 999 hanging ornaments, which is exhibited in Sanno Club (a tourist facility of Sakata City).
- 遊印(ゆういん)とは、姓名や雅号、商号や屋号など特定の個人や法人に帰属しない文字を印文にした印章のことである。
- Yuin is a seal that has no character belonging to any individuals or corporations such as full name, gago (pseudonym), trade name and yago (shop name), but has inmon (words or symbols engraved on the seal) curved.
- 2000年現在で387世帯が漁業に携わっており、個人漁業経営体332世帯で、 漁業従事者世帯は55世帯である。
- As of 2000, 387 households were engaged in the fishing industry, Among these, 332 were individual fishery management institutions and 55 were employed by fishery institutions.
- 前者のような伝統的な形式では、八景を構成する個々の項目は、風景の対象地とそこでの事象や事物を組み合わせている。
- In the former case of the traditional style, each component of Eight Views is a combination of the place for the scenery and the phenomenon or object there.
- ちなみに1合で10個の握りずしならかなり大きな握りでいわゆる「大握り」、江戸-明治初期を思わせる大きさである。
- When making 10 pieces of nigiri-zushi from 180ml of rice, the size is considerably large, categorized as 'oo-nigiri' (a big-size nigiri-zushi), which size was popular from the Edo to the early Meiji period.
- 軍隊組織において、制服を始めとして、下着まで統一することで個性を否定して規律を維持する必要があったからである。
- Because it was required to reject each personality and maintain discipline by unifying not only the uniforms but also the undergarments in the armed forces' organization.
- ただし、松浦玲などの意見を採用するならば、龍馬は神戸海軍操練所には入れず、勝海舟個人の私塾の塾頭でもなかった。
- However, adopting the opinions of such as Rei MATSUURA, Ryoma was not able to enter Kobe Naval Training Center, and was not a leading student of the private school of Kaishu KATSU.
- 木造薬師如来坐像本像は1944年、兵庫県の個人所有として重文(旧国宝)に指定され、後に延暦寺に寄進されたもの。
- The Wooden Yakushi-Nyorai Seated Statue was designated an Important Cultural Property (previously National Treasure) in 1944, while it was in a private collection in Hyogo Prefecture, and was later donated to Enryaku-ji Temple.
- この場合、作者の個人名とは離れて、無名性の作品ともいえる作風であり、初代川柳期の無名性の川柳と似たものがある。
- In such a case, the style can even be called one of anonymous poems, moving away from the personal names of the composers, and it has something in common with the anonymous senryu poems in the period of the first Senryu.
- そもそも、民族性や国民性などを強引に個人へと当てはめる事は、行きすぎれば偏見に繋がりかねず、危険な行為である。
- In the first place, to apply a racial characteristic or a national characteristic to an individual high-handedly can bring out a prejudice if it goes too far, so it is a dangerous action.
- 後白河が園城寺に肩入れしたのは個人的な信仰心だけでなく、強大な勢力を誇る延暦寺を牽制する狙いもあったと見られる。
- It is thought that Goshirakawa backed up Enjo-ji Temple not only because of his faith, but also because he intended to divert Enryaku-ji Temple, which held extreme power.
- 元は、個人所有の書斎・書庫の意味で用いられていたが、鎌倉時代以後に学問教授の場所としても用いられるようになった。
- Originally, 'gakumonjo' referred to a privately-owned study or library, but after the Kamakura period, people came to use gakumonjo as a place to instruct academics.
- なお、いわゆる「人間国宝」とは重要無形文化財に指定された芸能、技術等の保持者として各個認定された者の通称である。
- Note that the term 'living national treasures' is a nickname used for those people recognized as the holders of important artistic or technical skills and who have therefore been designated important intangible cultural assets.
- 愛知郡 (滋賀県)、蒲生郡(近江八幡市・日野町 (滋賀県))、神崎郡 (滋賀県)(五個荘町)などの出身者が多数。
- Many of the Omi shonin were originally from Echi District (Shiga Prefecture), Gamo District (Omihachiman City and Hino Town [Shiga Prefecture]), and Kanzaki District (Gokasho Town) (Shiga Prefecture).
- 現存する養老律令の田令第12条(賜田条)では、「特別の勅命によって個人へ賜与する田地を賜田という」と定めている。
- The existing Denryo code (the law about providing farmland) article No. 12 in Yoro Ritsuryo defines that 'the farmland given to individuals by a special Chokumei (an imperial edict) is called shiden.'
- 5月14日、高城率いる正義隊など6個中隊は延岡街道鏡山の熊本鎮台警備隊を襲撃し、追撃して馬見原、川口に進出した。
- On May 14, six companies including Seigi-tai led by Takagi and others assailed the guard of Kumamoto Garrison in Mt. Kagami along the Nobeoka-kaido Road, and advanced to Mamihara and Kawaguchi, chasing the guard.
- 大宝律令以後において天皇の私的命令あるいは特定個人に対する命令である勅について原則的にはこの形式で出されていた。
- After Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), the emperor's private order or an order to a specific individual was used generally by this form.
- そして、その元年(848年)の6月16日に、16個の菓子や餅を神前に供えて、疾病よけと健康招福を祈ったとされる。
- It is said that on June 16 in the first year of Kasho (848), 16 pieces of confectionery and rice cakes were prepared for a shrine offering and prayers were said for epidemic prevention and good health.
- 各個認定を受けた重要無形文化財保持者を、日本国政府も人間国宝と呼んでいるが、これは法律で規定された用語ではない。
- Although a person individually recognized as a holder of an important intangible cultural property is called Living National Treasure commonly and by Japan's national government, this term is not specified by laws.
- 「祖霊」という場合には、死後かなりの時間が立ち、生前の個性を失ったもの、およびその集合体のことを指すことが多い。
- In many cases, the word 'sorei' refers to a soul or collective of souls whose bodies died quite long time ago and individualities in life were lost.
- 現在皇居の賢所には、2個の神体の御桶代があり、ひとつは火災等で焼けたものをそのまま御桶代を新造して安置している。
- In the Kashikodokoro in the Imperial Palace, there are mihishiro (containers) for two pieces of shintai, one of which is a newly made mihishiro that contains the remains of an item burnt in a fire.
- そのため、個々の公家領が相伝か恩領かを巡って本家(皇室・摂関家)と領家(中下級公家)の間で対立する場合もあった。
- Therefore, a conflict occasionally arose between the honke (the imperial and sekkan-ke families) and the ryoke (the kuge of a middle and lower class) as to whether an individual kuge-ryo territory was a soden or an onryo.
- 絹本著色山王本地仏像本作品は滋賀県草津市の観音寺(芦浦観音寺)旧蔵で、個人所有を経て後に延暦寺に寄進されたもの。
- Image of Sanno Honchi, color on silk - This piece was originally kept at Kannon-ji Temple (Ashiurakannon-ji Temple) in Kusatsu City, Shiga Prefecture, and passed through a private collection before it was donated to Enryaku-ji Temple.
- 『校異源氏物語』の完成をもって芳賀矢一記念会が解散したことにより、これ以後は形式的には池田亀鑑個人の事業になる。
- The Memorial Association of Yaichi Haga dissolved after completion of 'Koi Genji monogatari,' so the works hereafter were formally Kikan IKEDA's individual project.
- 基本的形状はどの個体も同様だが、大きさや表面の装飾にはバラエティがあり、表面に素朴な絵画表現の見られるものもある。
- Every bell is similar in its basic shape, while the size and surface decoration varies, and some bells have a simple drawing on the surface.
- 律令制における租税(租庸調)は、個人に対して課せられていたが、新たな租税制度のもとでは公田に対して課税がなされた。
- While Soyocho, three kinds of taxes under the Ritsuryo system, were imposed on individuals, tax was imposed on Koden under the new tax system.
- 『万国公法』では個別の事件については特に触れておらず、その名の下に裁かれること自体、実は非常におかしいことである。
- 'Bankoku Koho' does not refer to individual cases and it is very inexplicable that the above cases were tried under the name of 'Bankoku Koho.'
- 北部の熊田には小倉処平・佐藤三二が指揮する5個中隊を配備して熊本鎮台兵に備え、予備隊として使用するつもりであった。
- In Kumata in the northern part, five companies led by Shohei OGURA and Sanji SATO were deployed as a reserve troop to fight against the soldiers of Kumamoto Garrison.
- 官軍との戦闘は5月9日に始まったが、5月15日には、破竹隊の赤塚源太郎以下1個中隊が官軍に下るという事件が起きた。
- On May 9, battles with the government army started, and on May 15, the incident occurred in which a company of the Hachiku-tai troop, including Gentaro AKAZUKA, surrendered to the government army.
- しかしユーザーにして見れば「何だか判らない不都合(競合)」であり、問題の判別は勿論、異常個所の修正は困難を極める。
- However, this is an 'incomprehensible inconvenience (competing)' from users' point of view and the adjustment of the problematic parts is extremely difficult, not to mention understanding the cause of the problem.
- そののち数回にわたって水洗いし(一個一個、鮑面をこすり汚物を除く)、あらかじめ煮沸している手引き加減の釜に入れる。
- After that, the meat is washed with water (the surface of each awabi should be rubbed and cleared of dirt) and put into an iron pot filled with boiling water.
- 中国古典劇の京劇にも瞼譜(れんぷ)と呼ばれる独特の隈取があり、両者には色彩によって個性を強調するなど共通点が多い。
- The classical Chinese play or Beijing opera also had unique kumadori called renpu and both had the similarity in stressing personality
- 何故なら、定例演説会で個別のテーマについて意見交換し、それを基に筆記したものが『明六雑誌』に掲載されたからである。
- It is because the discussions on specific themes at periodical speech meetings were published on 'Meiroku Zasshi.'
- 中でも、温室効果ガスの削減の具体的手法、数値目標については、各国の意見が対立する例が多く、個人レベルでも議論がある。
- Among them, as for specific measures and numerical goals for the reduction of greenhouse gases, there are lots of clashes of opinions among countries and also among individuals.
- 従前の軍事制度は、個別人身支配を前提とする軍団 (古代日本)及び地方有力者(郡司層)に依存する健児を柱としていた。、
- The pillars of the former military system were corps (ancient Japan), whose premise was people-based governance, and the kondei system (regular soldiers guarding kokubu (ancient provincial offices) or sekisho (checking station)), which was dependent on locally influential people (gunji).
- 一方で西国では百姓が地縁的な結合を強め、村落を形成し、地頭とは別個に荘園経営を請け負う百姓請も見られるようになった。
- In the meantime, in Saigoku (western part of Japan (esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki)) as the peasants strengthened their territorial bond and formed villages, Hyakushouke (the contract system that the manor's owner entrust a peasant to manage his manor and pay the customs) began to appear in addition to Jitouke.
- 一方で西国では百姓が地縁的な結合を強め、村落を形成し、地頭とは別個に荘園経営を請け負う百姓請が見られるようになった。
- Meanwhile, in Saigoku (western part of Japan (esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki), peasants strengthened their territorial bonds, formed villages, and established the hyakushouke system (the contract system where the manor's owner entrusts a peasant to manage his manor and pay the customs) to operate shoen independent of jito's management.
- そのため、当時の桓武天皇はこうした制度を廃止し、別個の簡素かつ実効的な制度に置換するという大規模な行政改革を行った。
- Therefore, the reigning Emperor Kanmu carried out large-scale administrative reforms to replace these systems with simpler and more effective ones.
- 玄白も大いに興味を持ったが、彼もまた個人では買えず、藩の家老に頼み込み、代金を出してもらってやっと入手できたという。
- Although Genpaku was also greatly interested in the books, he was also unable to purchase them himself; he asked the chief retainer of the clan who put up the funds and a last, the books were secured.
- 卵かけご飯は時間が経つと卵の水分を米粒が吸い込む為、食感が悪くなり、個人差はあるものの、大抵の人は食べにくく感じる。
- Most people feel it more difficult to eat tamago kake gohan after a certain time, though it depends on an individual, because of the texture degraded by the rice absorbing water from the egg.
- この業態の現代版として、繁華街においては個人客の出前を受け付けず近隣で営業する店舗などにのみ出前を行うケースもある。
- As a modern form of that type of business in downtown, Demae service is sometimes limited to shops in neighborhood and individual order is not accepted.
- 2006年、酒田商工会議所女性会の創立25周年の記念事業として、6000個の細工を使用した盛大な傘福製作が行われた。
- Kasafukus decorated with 6,000 ornaments were made in 2006 for the 25th anniversary celebration the Sakata Chamber of Commerce and Industry business women's club.
- ヴィニョロンと呼ばれる個人醸造家による出品から大手メーカーの力作まで、純国産ワインの品質向上を競うようになっている。
- From wine by individual winemakers called vigneron to one by large manufacturers with efforts, it is open to compete with quality improvement of purely domestic wines.
- 当該区域には「深草稲荷山町」の呼称もあり、郵便番号一覧表では、「稲荷山官有地」と「深草稲荷山町」を別個に掲げている。
- This district has also been called 'Fukakusa Inariyama-cho,' and 'Mt. Inari government-owned land' and 'Fukakusa Inariyama-cho' are separately listed on the postal code list.
- 戦後は別の個人の所有となり、長らく重要美術品のままであったが、1992年に重要文化財、1994年に国宝に指定された。
- It passed into another person's possession after World War II and had been an important art object for a long time, but was designated as an important cultural property in 1992 and then as a national treasure in 1994.
- アントワープオリンピック(1920年)では「乗馬フィギュア(個人・団体)」の種目があったが、この回のみで廃止された。
- In the Antwerp Olympic Games of 1920, equestrian figure (of individuals and teams) was performed, but it was abolished after that.
- 格の法典としての体裁は、個々の単行法令を事書きや発令日などを含めてほぼ原文のまま記載して関係官司ごとに配列している。
- Kyaku in the form of legal codes, was by and large written as the original text including sentences and dates of proclamation, and were arranged according to the government officials concerned.
- 郡司任命に最も重要視されるのは令制上は個人の能力であったが、実際には譜第と呼ばれる候補者の氏・家の系譜経歴であった。
- Although the most important factor in assigning Gunji, according to the ritsuryo system, was personal ability, it was the record and line of clan and family of the candidate, called Fudai (hereditary) that was actually prioritized.
- 個人タクシーにおいて、タクシー用車両を自家用車として使う場合は、「自家使用」と書かれたフードを表示機の上から被せる。
- When a privately owned taxi needs to be used as a private car, a hood saying 'private use' must be put over the indicating lamp.
- 行基の舎利瓶と墓誌は再埋納されたが、銅製墓誌のごく一部の残片が江戸時代末期に発掘され、地元の個人の所有となっていた。
- Gyoki's urn and epitaph were reburied, but a very small piece of the bronze epitaph was excavated at the end of the Edo Period and became the personal property of a local person.
- 従って上記の定義に従えば、編纂物である歴史書の類や個人の記録である日記、備忘録、本などの著作物は古文書とは言わない。
- Therefore, when following to the definition above, compilations such as history books, personal records such as diaries and notes, and works of authorship such as books are not included in komonjo.
- 明治元年1月27日に大坂に設けたのを初めとして、個別に総督、副総督の任命を発令し、同年4月までに12の裁判所を設けた。
- Starting with the establishment of the Osaka local court on January 27, 1868, the government appointed governors and vice governors for each local court and set up twelve local courts by April same year.
- 王朝国家体制の特質は、律令国家体制が基調としていた個別人身支配を放棄し、土地に対する課税・支配を基調とした点にあった。
- What characterized the Dynastic polity regime was the adoption of the principle of tax on land as a replacement for the principle of people-based governance, which had been the basic principle of the Ritsuryo regime.
- そのような最中の大正元年(1912年)12月、第2次西園寺公望内閣の陸軍大臣・上原勇作が陸軍の二個師団増設を提言する。
- Amid this, in December 1912, Yusaku UEHARA, Minister of Army in the second cabinet of Kinmochi SAIONJI proposed to increase two divisions of army.
- 5月8日、辺見・河野主一郎・平野・淵辺はそれぞれ雷撃隊・破竹隊・常山隊・鵬翼隊の4個隊を率いて神瀬箙瀬方面に向かった。
- On May 8, Henmi, Shuichiro KONO, Hirano, and Fuchibe moved towards the Konose and Ebirase area, leading the four troops of Raigeki-tai, Hachiku-tai, Jozan-tai, and Hoyoku-tai.
- 永禄9年(1566年)、朝廷の許可を得て、家康個人が「徳川」に「復姓」(事実上の改姓)し、従五位下三河国に叙任された。
- In 1566, Ieyasu obtained the consent of the imperial court to use 'Tokugawa' as his hereditary surname (in actual fact a change of name) and was invested with the imperial court rank of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) of Mikawa Province.
- 比較的に史料の少ない時期の史料として注目されているが、随所に筆者の個人的な感慨や批評的言辞が多くその意味でも興味深い。
- The Shunki is gaining attention as a historical document for the period for which relatively few historical documents have been found, and, being full of the author's personal emotions and critical assertions, the diary is of great interest in this regard.
- 京都市総合企画局情報化推進室が公表している「住民基本台帳人口」も「稲荷山官有地」と「深草稲荷山町」を別個に掲げている。
- In the 'Population based on Basic Resident Register' officially announced by Kyoto City, General Planning Bureau, Informatization Promotion Office, 'Mt. Inari government-owned land' and 'Fukakusa Inariyama-cho' are listed separately.
- 落語に関するありとあらゆる資料(書籍・古書・音源・刷物・グッズ・自筆物など)の個人収集家としては次の3氏が挙げられる。
- Besides this, there are three collectors who collect every kind of material related to rakugo (books old and new, media containing sound recordings, prints, related merchandise, items signed by storytellers, and so on).
- 住本寺の広蔵院日辰が上行院と住本寺を統合することを提案、新寺法条目15個条を定め、新たに要法寺を建立することとなった。
- Kozo-in Nisshin of Juhon-ji Temple proposes merging Jogyo-in Temple and Juhon-ji Temple and creates a 15 article new-temple provision which would lead to the reconstruction of Yobo-ji Temple.
- 保護は、要保護者の年齢別、性別、健康状態等その個人又は世帯の実際の必要の相違を考慮して、有効且つ適切に行うものとする。
- Public assistance shall be provided effectively and appropriately by taking into consideration the differences between the actual needs of individuals or households, such as the age, sex and health conditions of the person requiring assistance.
- そのため、将軍個人の私的性の強い命令書でありながら、御教書に準じるものとして幕府の公式な命令書と同様の法的効力があった。
- As a result, these documents were deemed as a kind of Migyosho (an official document informing people of a government decision), and even though it was more of a private order made by the shogun, it had the legal weight equivalent to an official bakufu order.
- 土地課税を重視する考えは9世紀前期の藤原冬嗣執政期の頃から存在していたが、個別人身支配の原則を覆すまでには至らなかった。
- Although the idea of emphasizing tax on land existed in the era when FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu was in power during the first half of the 9th century, it stopped short of reversing the principle of people-based governance.
- 天皇の内廷とは別個に院政をしいた上皇・法皇のもとには院庁が成立し、摂関家の政所のように内部的な政務を処理するようになる。
- Separate from the inner Court of the emperor, In no cho (Retired Emperor's Office) was established under retired emperors and cloistered emperors, which treated internal government affairs just like Mandokoro (Administrative Board) of sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents).
- また、大化の改新前後の記述は文法ミスが多いことから(他の個所では文法ミスは一切存在しない)改竄の可能性が指摘されている。
- In addition, since there are many grammar mistakes in the descriptions about the age before and after the Taika Reform (there are entirely no grammar mistakes in other ages), it has been pointed out that there is a chance that the Chronicles of Japan was altered.
- また、当時の国際法が、国家への強制効果と個人への強制効果とを区別する基準を提供していたかについて疑問を呈する立場がある。
- And there is a position to present some doubts whether the international law at that time could offer a standard to distinguish the compulsory effect on a state from the compulsory effect on an individual.
- ちなみに1合で10個の握り寿司ならかなり大きな握りで、いわゆる「大握り」と呼ばれる江戸-明治初期を思わせる大きさである。
- For reference, if ten pieces of Nigiri-zushi had been made from one go of rice, the size of nigiri would have been rather big, and been as big as nigiri recalling the size of nigiri, so-called 'large piece,' in the period from the Edo period to the beginning of Meiji period.
- また、個人がそういった儀式に参加することも「まつり」であり、現在でも地鎮祭、ひな祭りや節分などの招福祈願がそれにあたる。
- The participation of individuals in such ceremonies was called 'festival,' and a prayer for good luck charm such as Jichinsai, Doll's Festival, Setsubun (the traditional end of winter) and so on is equivalent to it even now.
- 天皇(てんのう)は、日本国憲法において、日本の象徴であり日本国民統合の象徴と定められる地位、もしくはその地位にある個人。
- Emperor (Tenno) is a position, or an individual who is at the position, seen as the symbol of Japan that integrates the Japanese people under the Constitution of Japan.
- 日本国政府は、重要無形文化財の保護を目的として、人間国宝(各個認定者)に対して年額200万円の特別助成金を交付している。
- In order to preserve important intangible cultural assets, the Japanese government provides a special annual subsidy of 2 million yen to Living National Treasures (those with Individual Certification).
- しかし、飯田個人による執筆であるため史料的な制約は免れず、三浦周行や黒板勝美からは正確さにはやや欠けると指摘されている。
- However the book was written by Ida alone using limited number of historical materials; therefore Hiroyuki MIURA and Katsumi KUROITA pointed out that it lacked accuracy.
- 鉄製のものをイメージしがちだが、使い捨ての道具としては重く、かつ、高価で持ち運びに不便であるため、個人の使用には向かない。
- A makibishi made of iron may be often imagined, but it is too heavy as a disposable tool, expensive and inconvenient for carrying and therefore it is not suitable for personal use.
- また長尾山から西部の可愛岳にかけては辺見十郎太(雷撃隊)・中島健彦(振武隊)・野満長太郎(協同隊)らの5個中隊を配備した。
- In the area from Mt. Nagao to Mt. Eno in the west, five companies from the Raigeki-tai troop led by Jurota HENMI, from the Shinbu-tai troop led by Takehiko NAKAJIMA, and from the combined troop led by Chotaro NOMITSU were deployed.
- 太政官の下には、実際の行政を担当する八省が置かれ、更に各省の下に個々の事務を分掌する職・寮・司・所などの諸官庁が置かれた。
- Under the Council of State, eight ministries were placed in charge of actual administration, and in each ministry, the work was divided between agencies known as shiki, ryo, tsukasa, and tokoro.
- (なお、平安時代に作成された『日本国見在書目録』では、麟徳暦と儀鳳暦が別の暦として認識されて別個に項目が立てられている)。
- (In 'Nihonkoku genzaisho mokuroku' (Catalogue of Present Books in Japan), made in the Heian period, Rintoku reki and Giho reki were two different calendars, each having its own entry.)
- 2007年7月には当主野村万作が重要無形文化財個人指定(人間国宝)に認定され、現在狂言界で最も隆盛を極めている一派である。
- In July, 2007, the family head Mansaku NOMURA was designated the holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure), making this group the most prosperous in the current world of Kyogen.
- 勢いよく、一気にすすりこむ食べ方が好まれるが、のどを詰まらせ易いため、個々人がちょうど良い速度を体得することが重要である。
- It is preferred to slurp fast in one gulp, but it is important to learn a good speed for eating it from experience because the rice may get stuck in your throat.
- それまでの日本に存在しなかった個人主義に基づく小説という文学が登場するなど、江戸時代以前とは大きく異なった文化が展開した。
- Culture largely different from that during the Edo period or before developed: For example, the literature called novels based on individualism, had not existed until then in Japan, were introduced.
- 『忠臣蔵』を元とした浪曲『義士伝』が直接の参照元といわれ、俗曲に分類される曲でありながら、浪曲的な歌い方をする個所がある。
- Its direct source is believed to be rokyoku (naniwabushi, storytelling with shamisen accompaniment) 'Gishiden,' which is based on 'Chushingura,' and some parts of the song are sung in rokyoku-style, even though the song is categorized as a folk song.
- 旧制高等学校に類似するものの(大学令により設立されたもの)、個別に連携された大学へのみ進学を前提とした高等教育機関である。
- While they were similar to higher schools under the old system (those established by the University Order), they were institutions of higher education with the understanding that their students would advance only to the universities with which they were separately associated.
- 明治40年代には『明星』から出た耽美派の北原白秋、自然主義的な若山牧水、社会主義的傾向を示した石川啄木らの個性が開花した。
- Between 1908 and 1912, a new concept of individualism was represented by such poets as the poet who gained popularity through 'Myojo,' Hakushu KITAHARA with his pursuit for beauty, the naturalist, Bokusui WAKAYAMA, and Takuboku ISHIKAWA, who had a tendency of showing flavors of socialism.
- 鎌倉幕府は、頼朝以来、鎌倉殿の個人的な資質に依拠するところが大きく、その組織も鎌倉殿の家政機関を発展させただけのものだった。
- The Kamakura Bakufu largely depended on the personal character of the Kamakura-dono and the organization only developed to become a domestic governing institution of the Kamakura-dono.
- 更にこれを見た非官僚の荘園所有者も政府や官僚との個人的つながりを通じて本来は許されない租税の納付を回避しようとする者もいた。
- Furthermore, considering this, some non-bureaucrats who owned shoens also tried to escape from tax payments, which was not normally allowed, through their personal connections with the government or bureaucrats.
- 一騎討ちの例は実はそれほど多くはないとされるが、基本的に、騎馬武者による弓射戦が戦闘の基本形態であり、個人戦がベースである。
- There were not many examples of single-hand to hand combat, cavalry with archers were the basic battle formation based on battles between individuals.
- その個性的な風味は好き嫌いが極端に別れるため、好奇心や目新しさで話題を呼ぶものの、定番化まで至らず販売終了となることが多い。
- Although it furnished a topic of conversation due to its novelty and people's curiosity, personal preferences on its distinctive taste were sharply divided, and so it frequently finished selling without becoming a standard product.
- ただこれは女神などと形容する場合と同様に、崇拝に値するという意味であり、それ自体は美貌を唯一基準とする個人崇拝の一種である。
- However, this is similar to describing a woman as a goddess, meaning she is worthy of idolization, with the expression itself being a form of personal worship based solely on beauty.
- 慶応4年2月13日、山国隊の1個小隊(隊士28人客士2人)が東山道軍の鳥取藩部隊に加わり、「十三番隊」として京都を出発した。
- On March 6, 1868, this small company of the Yamagunitai (comprised of 28 regulars and 2 auxiliaries) added their own force to the Tottori domain regiment of the Tosando (highway) army, becoming the 'Thirteenth Company,' and departed Kyoto.
- 明治4年 (1871年)、伊勢神宮の神宮大麻を地方官を通して全国700万戸に1個2銭で強制配布することに決め、翌年から実施。
- 1871 - decision to distribute Jingu taima (Shrine amulets) forcibly to 7,000,000 households throughout the country through chihokan (local officials) at a price of 2 sen per piece; carried out from the following year.
- この里坊を「円徳院」と称し、山上の寺院を「円融房」と称したという説と、「円徳院」と「円融房」は別個の寺院だとする説とがある。
- There is a theory that this satobo was named 'Entoku-in' and the mountain temple named 'Enyu-bo', and an alternative theory that 'Entoku-in' and 'Enyu-bo' were in fact separate temples.
- このような戦法は、異民族間の戦争においては現代でも見られることであるが、騎馬武者の個人戦をベースとした京武者の感覚には無い。
- Such tactics can be seen in the war between different ethnic groups even today, but any samurai in the capital who usually fought individually on a horse did not adopt it.
- 単一の村落からなる荘園はあまり見られず、多くは2個~数個の村落から構成されており、そのほとんどは他の荘園の一部と混在していた。
- There did not exist many shoens which consisted of only one village but mostly of two to several villages and most of them existed compositely with the other shoens.
- この「性」とは、儒教の根本原理「理」のことであって、万物の根元であり法則とされる「理」が、個々の事物に宿るものが「性」である。
- This '性' means the basic principle of Confucianism, '理' and, if '理' which is considered to be the origin of all beings and to be a rule dwells in individual thing, it is '性.'
- 仮想敵国をロシア・アメリカ・ドイツ・フランスとし、陸軍は平時25個師団・戦時50師団体制を、海軍は八八艦隊の創設を謳っていた。
- Considering the imagined enemies as Russia, the United States of America, German, and France, the army demanded 25 divisions in peace time and 50 divisions in wartime, and the navy demanded the deployment of 8 battleships and 8 armor-clad cruisers.
- 同年7月28日から12月8日まで計9回の会議を開催し、12月9日付けで内閣総理大臣宛て「二月十一日」とする答申(個別意見付記)
- It held a total of 9 meetings from July 28 to December 8 of the same year and submitted a report dated December 9 recommending 'February 11' (with opinions of individual members).
- (ハ)一般乗用旅客自動車運送事業(一個の契約により乗車定員10人以下の自動車を貸し切つて旅客を運送する一般旅客自動車運送事業)
- (3) Common taxicab operators (General Passenger Vehicle Transportation Business in which a vehicle with a carrying capacity of 10 or less passengers is chartered to transport the passengers for one contract)
- 保護は、世帯を単位としてその要否及び程度を定めるものとする。但し、これによりがたいときは、個人を単位として定めることができる。
- The need for and extent of public assistance shall be determined on a household basis ; provided, however, that, if this is difficult, such determination may be made on an individual basis.
- なお『古事記』では、4人をそれぞれ個別に記載した記事は存在するが、一括して取り扱ってはおらず、四道将軍の呼称も記載されていない。
- For reference's sake, in the 'Kojiki' (the Record of Ancient Matters), the generals were not collectively described and no designation of Shido-shogun was used although a description of each of the four generals appeared individually in some articles.
- 地方行政にあたる国司は、郡司・富豪層に着目し、従来の個別人身支配の代わりに郡司・富豪層の在地経営を通じた支配へと転換していった。
- Kokushi (provincial governors) in charge of local administration focused attention on gunji (district managers) and the rich and powerful class, and changed management of the province to control through local management by gunji (district managers) and persons in the rich and powerful class.
- 南関東や南九州の早期前半の遺跡では、植物質食料調理器具である石皿、磨石、敲石、加熱処理具の土器も大型化し、出土個体数も増加する。
- In the remains found in the southern Kanto region and southern Kyushu in the first half of the earlier period, the cookware for plant foods such as stone dishes, mill stones, hammer stones, and heat-treated earthenware grew in size and the number of excavated objects increased.
- もっとも、政治的な理由や天皇個人との関係を理由として公卿でも昇殿が許されない事例もあり、そういう人々を「地下の上達部」と称した。
- However, for political reasons or because of the relationship with the emperor, some people were not given shoden even if they were kugyo, and such people were called 'Jige (lower class nobles) no Kandachime.'
- 江戸初期には、小堀遠州がそれまで軽んじられていた日本製の国焼茶入を取上げ、和歌を題材に道具の個性にちなんだ銘を付けた(和歌銘)。
- In the early Edo period, Enshu KOBORI picked up Kuniyaki Chaire (tea containers) made in Japan which have been made light of until the time, and he placed inscriptions according to the utensils' characteristics after the themes of waka poems (waka inscriptions).
- しかしながら「風情」とは個々人の生い立ちや教養や美意識の問題でもあり、一概にこれであると定義することはできない曖昧な言葉である。
- However, the term 'fuzei' can also be used to refer to matters concerning a person's personal history, education, or aesthetic sensibilities, so it is a fairly ambiguous word that can not be precisely defined.
- ただ、為兼の強烈な個性は多くの敵をつくり、伏見の積極的な政治姿勢とも相まって、西園寺実兼との対立や幕府の警戒を呼ぶ結果となった。
- However, Tamekane's individualistic character made many enemies and together with Fushimi's progressive governing stance, it led to confrontation with Sanekane SAIONJI and called attention from the bakufu.
- 平氏政権の崩壊とともに、中央政府である朝廷とは別個に、内乱を収拾して東国の支配権を得た鎌倉幕府が登場し、平安時代は幕を下ろした。
- With the collapse of the Taira clan administration, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) came to power after sorting out the civil wars aside from the Imperial Court, and the central govenment gained the right to rule the Eastern provinces, leading to the end of the Heian period.
- 第二に、行政であるが、後の日本国憲法と異なり連帯責任ではなく、第五五条で各国務大臣は天皇を輔弼し、個別に責任を負うものであった。
- In second place, with regard to administration, pursuant to Article 55, unlike the subsequent Constitution of Japan which is defined as collective responsibility, it prescribed that the respective Ministers of State would give their advice to the Emperor and be responsible for it.
- みたらし団子 - 全国的に一般には、甘味を付けていない団子3-5個を串に刺し、少しあぶり焼きにして、砂糖醤油の葛餡をかけたもの。
- Mitarashi Dango: Generally it refers to a non-sweetened kushi-dango broiled a little and coated with kuzu-an (a paste made from kuzu vine) flavored with sugar and soy-sauce as a finish.
- なお、調査捕鯨副産物については調査の一環として試験が行われており、一定の安全基準を超えた個体は流通させない措置が講じられている。
- The quality of byproducts of scientific whaling has been checked as an investigation item, and the following measure based on the check result has been taken: When an amount of a harmful substance exceeding a certain safety standard is detected from a whale, the meat from the whale must not be distributed.
- ちなみに、神戸海軍操練所と勝海舟個人の私塾は別物として考えねばならないという説が、松浦玲や篠原宏といった研究者から出されている。
- Some researcher such as Rei MATSUURA and Hiroshi SHINOHARA proposes an opinion that a private school of Kaishu KATSU and Kobe Naval Training Center should be considered individually.
- 幅25メートル、奥行10メートルほどの敷地に白砂を敷き詰め、帚目を付け、15個の石を5か所に点在させただけのシンプルな庭である。
- Covering an area of about 25 meters wide and 10 meters long, it is a simple garden composed only of white sand through which lines have been drawn with a rake and 15 stones set in 5 places.
- 有料の職業紹介事業を行う事業所ごと(以下この条において単に「事業所ごと」という。)の個人情報の適正管理及び秘密の保持に関する規程
- The rules concerning the proper management of personal information and the security of confidential information adopted at each place of business operating the charged employment placement businesses (hereinafter simply referred to as "at each place of business" in this Article)
- この急激な行軍速度を成功させた理由については諸説あるが、あらかじめ沿道に松明を点け、さらに食事の補給個所も用意もさせていたという。
- While there have been several theories as to how Hideyoshi succeeded in achieving this incredible marching speed, it is generally said that he arranged in advance to have taimatsu torches lit along roads the army would travel, and even ordered some areas to supply their food on their way.
- この時日本は台湾の略取を目的にその条件となる日本軍による占領を行うため、3月23日歩兵一個旅団を台湾島西方の澎湖諸島に上陸させた。
- Aiming to seize Taiwan this time, Japan sent an infantry brigade to the Penghu islands west of Taiwan island on March 23rd to create a precondition for the Japanese troops to occupy it.
- 鎌倉時代中期頃まで、騎馬武者による個人戦を原則としたことから、足軽は従者や運搬などの兵站や土木作業に従事させられることが多かった。
- Until the mid-Kamakura period, the general practice of one-to-one combat between mounted warriors meant that it was often the case that ashigaru were engaged as servants and porters in fields such as logistics and construction.
- 忍者(にんじゃ)とは、鎌倉時代から江戸時代の日本で、大名や領主に仕え諜報活動や暗殺を仕事としていたとされる、個人ないし集団の名称。
- Ninja is a name of individual or group who served daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) or feudal lord doing intelligence activities and assassinations from the Kamakura period to Edo period in Japan.
- しかし、このような嵯峨と淳和の関係は、あくまでも2人の個人的な信頼関係にとどまり、貴族たちの広く受け入れるところとはならなかった。
- However, such relationship between Saga and Junna was only a personal relationship of trust and was not accepted widely among the aristocracy.
- 天明自身はもともと、かなりの小食家だったが神示が降りる前には更に少なくなり、1日に餅1個やリンゴ1個しか食べない日が続いたという。
- Tenmei who was basically a very small eater, ate less - only a rice cake or an apple in a day - for several days before the Revelation came down.
- しかし明治時代になると、正岡子規によって、従来の座の文芸たる俳諧連歌から発句を独立させた個人の文芸として、近代の俳句が確立された。
- In the Meiji period, however, Shiki MASAOKA brought the traditional literature, haikai renga, to the status of the modern haiku composed by a single poet, making hokku independent from renga.
- 内部に舌(ぜつ)をもつ個体があることから、その原型は打ち鳴らす楽器であったと思われるが、次第に形式化し、祭器となったものと思われる。
- Some bronze bells have a reed inside, so the prototype seems to have been a kind of wind instrument, but the bell seems to have gradually lost its use as a musical instrument and to have become an implement for Shinto rituals.
- 発祥は異なるが、「マイクロクレジット」と呼ばれる開発途上国の個人に対する融資も、同様に共同体を基盤にしている点を指摘する論者も居る。
- Some advocates point out that financing in developing countries called 'Microcredit' is also based on a community, though the origin is different.
- しかし、弘文院を大学別曹ではなく一種の図書館であったとする説もあり、和気広世個人が和気氏の氏上としての立場から支給した可能性もある。
- However, some people asserts that Kobun-in was a kind of library, not Daigaku-besso, and there is a possibility that WAKE no Hiroyo personally granted as the chief of the Wake clan.
- これにより大坂城に蓄えられていた分銅の内、二千枚(約330キログラム)分銅17個、千枚(約165キログラム)分銅11個が消費された。
- For its mintage, the Toyotomi family consumed seventeen Nisenmai-fundo (columnar block of gold weighing 330kg) and eleven Senmai-fundo (columnar block of gold weighing 165kg) which had been stored in Osaka-jo Castle.
- その後政府は蝦夷の首長を郡司に任命して部族集団の間接的な支配を行い、また個別に服属してきた者は俘囚として諸国に移民させられたりした。
- Later, the government appointed the chief of Ezo as a gunji (region manager) in order to indirectly control tribal groups, and forced people individually picked out for subjugation to migrate to other countries as fushu (barbarians).
- 初陣の年齢は個人差があるが多くの場合、元服前後の10代前半が多く、親は子供の将来の安寧を願い必ず勝てる戦いに参加させる傾向があった。
- Although the ages for uijin varied from person to person, in many cases the participants were in their early teens around genpuku (coming of age ceremony) and the parents were inclined to send them to a battle that they would doubtlessly win, wishing for their safety.
- 武士道は個人的戦闘者の生存術としての武士道であり、武名を高めることにより自己および一族郎党の発展を有利にすることを主眼に置いている。
- Bushido is a way of survival as an individual fighter, which focuses on developing oneself and the family, bringing them an advantage by achieving military renown.
- しかし、武士団や、それを基盤にした江戸時代の幕府や各藩の官僚機構は、あくまでも個別の家相互の主従関係のネットワークで構成されていた。
- However, bushidan (samurai group), and a bureaucratic organization based on it in the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) or each domain in the Edo period was only formed by a network of mutual relationship between lord and vassal in an individual clan.
- これに対し、23日、中島・貴島・相良は官軍に反撃し、行進隊8個中隊と奇兵隊2箇中隊で雀宮・桂山を襲撃し、多数の銃器・弾薬を獲得した。
- For this, on May 23, the troops of NAKAJIMA, KIJIMA, and SAGARA counterattacked the government army, and eight companies of the Koshin-tai troop and two companies of Kiheitai raided Suzumenomiya and Katsurayama and looted lots of firearms and ammunition.
- 建長4年(1252年)に幕府の出した沽酒の禁(こしゅのきん)は徹底しており、一軒につき一個のみを残して醸造・保管用の甕を破壊させた。
- In 1252, the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) promulgated Koshu no kin (a strict ban on the sale and purchase of sake) which had jars for brewing and destroyed stock, leaving only one jar in each sake brewery.
- その後、統一国家が確立してゆく中で、大陸から漢詩が入ってきた影響もあり、個人の気持ちを個々に表現する歌が盛んに作られるようになった。
- As Japan was in the process of establishing a unified country, the composing of poems expressing individual feelings became popular, part in due to the influx of the Chinese poems into Japan about that time.
- これは個々の行政文書の形式で出されていた法令を1つの法典の形式に集積・分類した目録の形式によって公布されたものと考えられたことによる。
- Through this, laws which had been independent administrative documents until that point were brought together into a code and promulgated in the form of a mokuroku.
- 後にこうした国史や中国の『史記』に代表される歴史書の列伝の影響を受けて、個人の顕彰のためにその伝記が書かれる事が行われるようになった。
- By the influence of those histories of Japan and series of biographies of major Chinese history books such as 'Shiki,' biographies used to be written for rewarding individuals.
- 数十万石の大大名はその数個の備を一手としたものを更に複数、保有する事が可能となる(つまり一手部隊は10万石級大名と同様の戦力になる)。
- For high-class daimyo belonging to several tens of thousand koku class, it was possible to possess several multiple units of such sonae grouped into one te (a single unit) (that is, a single te unit of troops had military power equivalent to that of a daimyo belonging to 100,000 koku class).
- 区分けの方法は村を東西や南北などの地理的条件により一律に区切るということはせずに各田畑の良し悪しなどを考慮して個別に帰属が決定された。
- A village was not uniformly divided based on geographical distinctions (e.g. east and west and north and south); each territory was readjusted on a case-by-case basis in view of the conditions of its land (e.g. the land's fertility).
- 奇兵隊は6月1日に臼杵を占領したが、6月7日の野津道貫大佐の指揮する4個大隊の攻撃と軍艦3隻による艦砲射撃により6月10日に敗退した。
- Kiheitai seized Usuki on June 1, but was attacked on June 7 by four battalions led by Colonel Michitsura NOZU and bombarded from three warships, and was defeated on June 10.
- 1本の紐に数個から十数個の皮を剥いた柿を結んで(連という)、雨を避けるため、柿を結んだ紐を家の軒先など屋根の下に吊るして、乾燥させる。
- Then up to ten peeled persimmons are tied up with one string; this is called a ren (strand), and to avoid the rain, hang the string of persimmons to dry under the roof or eaves of your house.
- これらを5列の赤糸に各11個の細工をつるし計55個にそろえ、これを対で製作することにより110の細工がつるされたものが基本型とされる。
- The basic form has total 110 ornaments hung: two sets of 55 ornaments including 11 ornaments each on 5 red strings.
- 個々の項目の具体例を挙げると、近江八景の「石山の秋月」のように「石山」(対象となる地)と「秋月」(その地で見られる事象)のようになる。
- To give a concrete example of a component of Eight Views, the Eight Views of Omi has 'Autumn Moon at Ishiyama' (written as 石山秋月), which consists of 'Ishiyama (石山)' (the site of the scene) and 'Fall Moon (秋月)' (a phenomenon at the site).
- 死後一定年数(50年、33年、30年など地域により異なる)後に行われる「祀り上げ」によって、完全に個性を失って祖霊の一部となるとする。
- It completely loses its individuality and becomes a part of sorei by 'Matsuriage' (enshrinement) which is held after a certain number of years from the body's death (50 years, 33 years, or 30 years, etc, depending on the region).
- またそれらの背後関係よりも、公暁個人が野心家で実朝の跡目としての将軍就任を狙ったところに、この事件の最も大きな要因を求める見解もある。
- Moreover, according to another view, the major factor of the incident was that Kugyo himself was so ambitious that he drove at the position of the shogun as Sanetomo's successor, rather than those backgrounds.
- 個々の記述は割注を含めた「本文」と多くの文献の引用などによって出典を示した多数の頭書・傍書・裏書などからなる「勘物」から構成されている。
- Each description consists of the 'text' including notes inserted between the lines, and 'kanmotsu' comprised of many Tosho (superscription), bosho (傍書) (additions or supplements written by the side of the main texts), and book-end notes showing the sources of quotations from many books.
- だが、戦後の財政難から師団増設は順調にはいかず、18師団を20師団にすることの是非を巡って有名な2個師団増設問題が発生することになった。
- However, the plan to increase the number of divisions did not go well due to post-war financial difficulties, leading to the famous debacle over whether to increase the number of divisions from 18 to 20.
- しかし準備期間が全くないまま唐突に発せられた点は否めず、解放された女性の転職、収入面の補償などのケアは個々の地方に任される状態であった。
- However, since it was announced abruptly with no preparation period, the Meiji Government had to have local governments deal with aftercare services for liberated women in pleasant quarters, particularly prostitutes, such as finding new jobs and compensating for their lost income.
- 寛平元年(889年)に皇族5名が平朝臣を賜姓されたとの記録(個々の名前は伝わらない)があるので、高望王はそのうちの一人と推定されている。
- Based on a record stating that the surname of 'Taira no Ason' was conferred on five imperial princes (of unknown names) in 889, it is assumed that Prince Takamochi was one of them.
- また、同じくハクジラに属するツチクジラやイルカ類も、マッコウクジラほどではないがクセが強く、地域や個人により嗜好が強く分かれるとされる。
- Furthermore, berardius and dolphins belonging to odontoceti are also provided with peculiar tastes, though not so strong as that of sperm whales, and it is said that preference for such meat depends greatly on the individual as well as the area.
- 個人で奉納する絵馬は小型でウマなどの絵が描かれていて、余白や裏面に祈願の内容や氏名などを書くようになっているものが寺社で販売されている。
- Ema sold at temples and shrines for personal dedication are small with a picture of a horse, and have space in the margin or on the back to write the wish and a person's name.
- その後、延暦15年(796年)、官寺である東寺の建設主任であった藤原伊勢人は、自分の個人的に信仰する観音を祀る寺を建てたいと考えていた。
- Later, in 796, FUJIWARA no Isendo, who was in charge of building an official temple, To-ji Temple, wished to build a temple to place a Kannon that he personally worshiped.
- 逆に陽明学には個人道徳の問題に偏重する傾向があり、王陽明の意図に反して反体制的な理論が生まれたため、体制を反発する者が好む場合が多かった。
- In contrast, Yomeigaku tended to attach too much importance to individual morals and, against Wang Yangming's intentions, gave rise to an antiestablishment theory, which attracted those who opposed the regime.
- 朝鮮政府は日清両軍の撤兵要求を回答、7月23日未明に陸軍第五師団の二個大隊が漢城の電信線を切断して朝鮮王宮を3時間にわたり攻撃・占領する。
- The Korean government responded that it wanted both Japanese and Qing troops to withdraw, and early on July 23, two battalions of the fifth Army Division cut the telegraph wire in Hanseong and occupied the Korean Palace after a three hour attack.
- 明治天皇崩御(死去)直後の1912年12月、第2次西園寺内閣は日露戦争後の財政難から緊縮財政の方針をとり、陸軍の二個師団増設要求を拒んだ。
- Right after the demise of Emperor Meiji in December 1912, the second Saionji Cabinet adopted a policy of austerity because of financial difficulties after the Russo-Japanese War, and rejected the demand from the Japanese Army to increase two army divisions.
- しかし、信長はこれを許さず長島から出る者を根切に処し、残る屋長島・中江の2個所は柵で囲んで焼き殺し、指導者であった願証寺の佐堯は自害した。
- But Nobunaga did not allow the losers to survive and implemented 'negiri' (extermination) by killing all men escaping from Nagashima and by burning out people in Yanagashima and Nakae, which were surrounded by palisades, forcing the leader Sagyo of Gansho-ji Temple to kill himself.
- 近年、鶏卵の価格は1個10数円と安いため、昼の定食を食べる客には、サービスとして、生卵を無料で食べられるように置いている食堂も少なくない。
- Because the price of an egg is lower than twenty yen, free raw eggs are served for lunch customers in some diners.
- この頃からは、多くの弟子たちが個別に活躍するようになり、上村松園や西山翠嶂をはじめ、西村五雲、土田麦僊、小野竹喬、池田遙邨などが活躍した。
- After that time, a lot of pupils started to work actively and individually like Shoen UEMURA, Suisho NISHIYAMA and others like Goun NISHIMURA, Bakusen TSUCHIDA, Chikkyo ONO, Yoson IKEDA.
- なお、上記の如く女性天皇とは単に女性の天皇を指す、個々の天皇の性別についての言葉であるが、語句の類似性から女系天皇と混同されることが多い。
- By the way a female emperor simply means female emperor, but sometimes the word, female emperor can be understood as emperor of the female line since it has a similar meaning.
- そして、日本国政府はこの「わざ」を体現する個人または団体を重要無形文化財の保持者または保持団体に認定し、その継承の支援と保護を行っている。
- Individuals or groups who have attained mastery in certain skills can be certified by the Japanese government as the preservers of their art and they receive support to ensure their continuation.
- 日本国内の航空事故犠牲者については表名(一人一人の名前を挙げて)合祀を行い、国外の犠牲者については無表名で(個人を特定しないで)合祀する。
- The victims in Japan are enshrined with individual names, and the victims outside Japan are enshrined without individual names.
- 法第三十二条の十三の厚生労働省令で定める事項は、求人者の情報(職業紹介に係るものに限る。)及び求職者の個人情報の取扱いに関する事項とする。
- The matters specified by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as provided by Article 32-13 of the Act shall be the matters concerning the handling of the information of job offerers (limited to the information pertaining to the employment placement) and the personal information of the job seekers.
- こうした状況を受け、政府は、従前の個別人身支配に代わって租税収取を確保するための新たな支配体制を構築するため、大きな方針転換を迫られていた。
- Under such circumstances, the government was pressed to build up a new regime, in lieu of the then existing people-based governance, which enabled it to secure tax revenue.
- 戦時には基本的に個々の兵士が兵糧を携帯するのが慣わしであったが、実際には大量の兵糧携帯が行軍の邪魔になることから数日分の持参が限界であった。
- Although it was a standard custom for each soldier to carry their own provisions, they were limited to carrying enough for only a few days since it was not practical to hinder the march by having them carry large loads.
- 陸軍二個師団増設が議会を通過し、のちに中国人のナショナリズムをおおいに刺激することになる「対華21か条要求」が国民的承認をうけるのであった。
- The bill to increase two army divisions passed the Diet, and the '21 Demands' made by Japan to China, which would later stir up the Chinese nationalism, won the approval of the Japanese people.
- 無効論者の多くは本協約について、国家(大韓帝国)と個人(皇帝・高宗 (朝鮮王))の両方に強制と脅迫が加えられたために無効であると考えている。
- Many of the advocates of invalidity think it is invalid because compulsion and a threat were imposed both on the state (The Korean Empire) and the individual (Emperor Gao Zong [Korean King]).
- これらのことから、紐を巻きつけて首にかけたり腰にまいたりして持ちはこんだと考えられており、上野佳也は個人所有を明確にしていたと位置づけている
- These facts suggest that people probably were carrying ishisaji around their neck or waist by tying the string around it, and Yoshiya UENO positions it as a manifestation of individual ownership.
- そのため、女性は婦人標準服を作らなくてもよく、作った場合でも、女性の自由な判断で、婦人標準服とは少し違う個性的なデザインの服を作る人もいた。
- Therefore, women did not have to make standard female clothing, and some women designed their own original clothes that were slightly different from standard female clothing at their own discretion.
- 提供する料理の品数を絞ることで調理の効率が上がるので、一般に個々の料理を単品で頼むより安価であることが多く、学生やサラリーマンに人気が高い。
- As limiting the variety of dishes served makes cooking more efficient, teishoku are usually cheaper than buying the dishes alone, and are therefore very popular with students and company employees.
- これに家伝の儀式・有職書や図面、重要な儀式について日記とは別個に記した記録「別記」のみを編纂した「平田家日記部類」32冊などが残されている。
- Records remaining other than the diaries include: hereditary documents of ceremonies and precedents of customs and practices in the imperial court and their rules; drawings; and 32 volumes of 'Hiratake nikki burui' in which only the records 'bekki' on important ceremonies are compiled separately from the diaries.
- 記録所や恩賞方は調査機関であり、個々の政務に関する判断を下すための先例や意見が答申され、それらが後醍醐の決済を経て「綸旨」の形で発せられた。
- The Records and Rewards offices were both investigative organizations, reporting on the precedents and different viewpoints in order to pass down judgments on each individual governmental matter; such judgments then came before Godaigo, who issued a settlement for each in the form of an Imperial command.
- また2006年頃から、個人情報保護法の観点から、絵馬に書かれた願い事や住所・氏名の部分にステッカーが貼れるようになっている絵馬も用意される。
- Since around 2006, from a Private Information Protection Law perspective, some ema come with stickers to place over the wish, address, and names written on the ema.
- 「臨時雑役」という名称の租税が存在したわけではなく、「内裏雑事」「調沽買絹」などの名目で課された個々の賦課を一括する際に用いられた語である。
- There was no tax called 'Rinjizoyaku,' but the word was used to refer collectively to taxation in the form of forced labor imposed on the people in the name of 'dairizatsuji' (miscellaneous chores in the palace), 'cho no kobai kinu' (acquisition and purchase of silk), etc.
- このため、別個に奉行衆の中から「別奉行」として恩賞奉行あるいは御恩奉行などが任命されて恩賞業務を置いたと推定されているが、詳細は不明である。
- It was presumed that Onshobugyo or Goonbugyo (bugyonin who distributes the rewards), was separately appointed as the 'Betsubugyo' (bugyo with a special mission) from among the members of bugyoshu to engage in the work of awarding Onsho, however, the details are not clear.
- この中国情勢の混乱を勢力圏拡大の好機と判断した陸軍大臣の上原勇作は、当時の第三次西園寺公望内閣に対し朝鮮半島に2個師団を新設するよう提言した。
- Deciding that the political confusion in China was a prime opportunity for Japan to expand its power, War Minister Yūsaku UEHARA proposed to the third administration of Prime Minister Kinmochi SAIONJI to create two new infantry divisions on the Korean Peninsula.
- これにより、戦国時代からの遺風を消し、将軍と大名、藩主と家臣の主従関係は個人同士の関係から、主人の家に従者は仕える関係に転換することとなった。
- These policies broke a traditional mindset handed down from the Sengoku period (the period of warring states), and the relation of master to servant between shogun and daimyo as well as between the lord of the domain and his vassal was converted from a personal relationship into a relationship in which a follower served his master's family.
- 座中の官位(盲官と呼ばれる)は、最高位の検校から順に、別当、勾当、座頭と呼ばれていたが、それぞれは更に細分化されており合計73個の位があった。
- The official court ranks, called mokan (blind official ranks) in todoza, were from kengyo, the highest rank to betto, koto and zato in hierarchical order, and each rank was subdivided and there were 73 ranks.
- 徳川家康個人の男系子孫たる徳川氏諸家は、松平の名乗りのみを認められた家康子孫の諸松平家(越前松平家・会津松平家等)とともに親藩を構成していた。
- The core domain was formed using only Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's personal male descendents or various families of the Tokugawa clan and, together with Ieyasu's descendents allowed to use the Matsudaira surname such as Echizen Matsudaira family and Aizu Matsudaira family.
- 敗戦後に研究はさらに深化したが、全体としてみれば個別化し細分化して、個々の条文の意味やそれによって定められた制度などは詳細に解明されつつある。
- After the defeat in the war, research deepened further, but in general, through individualization and fragmentation, the meaning of each text and the systems established based on them are becoming clarified in detail.
- 通常、湯冷ましのみが単独で売られていることは少なく、同じデザインの急須あるいは宝瓶(泡瓶)と茶碗数個とセットになって販売されていることが多い。
- In general, only yuzamashi is seldom sold separately, but is usually sold as a set with a kyusu or a hohin (a kind of small teapot) and several chawan (tea bowls) which are of the same design.
- サイト「日本の苗字七千傑」の「都道府県別代表家紋一覧」には、特に多く使用されている家紋を、都道府県別に10個程度選出して表にまとめられている。
- A website named 'Seven thousand Japanese family names' provides 'a list of representative family crests by prefecture,' in which about ten most widely used family crests in each prefecture are chosen and shown in a table.
- 一方で総合認定は、個人的な技術の高さではなく、ある芸能を保持し、後世に伝えてゆくために最低限必要な技量を持った人々に対して行われるものである。
- On the other hand, General Certification is intended for people who have the minimum level of skills required to maintain and pass down the entertainment rather than having high individual skills.
- 個別人身支配の基礎となっていたのは戸籍・計帳であったが、上記の状況は、もはや戸籍・計帳による人民支配租税収取が限界を迎えていたことを示している。
- Although family registration and keicho were the foundation of people-based governance, the above situation clearly demonstrated the limitation of people-based governance/tax collection that relied on family registration and keicho.
- これに対し個々の農民に対して '百姓' と呼び捨てることは、スティグマをそのまま負の意味で受容させることになり、強い蔑称の意味を含むことになる。
- On the contrary, use of the term 'hyakusho' to address an individual peasant would be considered as a strong derogatory term, because that causes the peasant to accept the stigma as a negative meaning.
- しかし、上原勇作陸軍大臣が辞表を提出、陸軍は軍部大臣現役武官制を盾に後任陸相の推薦を拒否したため内閣は総辞職に追い込まれた(二個師団増設問題)。
- However, the Cabinet was forced to resign en masse because Yusaku UEHARA, the Minister of Army, submitted his resignation and the military refused to nominate an incoming Minister of Army by hiding behind a rule that only an active military officer could serve as Army or Navy Minister (the issue of building additional two divisions).
- 現在でも、セメントや金属などの材料も使われ、通常の粘土瓦が使用できない寒さの厳しい地域や個人の好み等によって粘土瓦の代わりに葺かれることがある。
- Kawara tiles made of cement or metal are still used today instead of clay tiles if normal clay tiles can not be used because of cold climate or depending on personal preference.
- 第一項の労働者の提供を受けてこれを自らの指揮命令の下に労働させる者とは、個人、団体、法人、政府機関又はその他如何なる名称形式であるとを問わない。
- A person receiving the supply of workers and having such workers engage in the labor under its directions and orders as provided by paragraph 1 may be an individual, association, juridical person, governmental organization or others, regardless of its name or form.
- 養賢個人の背景だけでなく、時代背景としては大戦末期から敗戦、戦後直後であり、日本人の精神的美が否定され、アメリカに蹂躙された意識の時代であった。
- In addition to the background of Yoken himself, the historical background of this story was as follows: The period from the last years of World War II, through Japan's defeat, to directly after the war's end; the period in which the Japanese people's spiritual beauty was, in their consciousness, denied and trampled upon by the United States.
- 個人の手記(『伊吉連博徳書』、『難波吉士男人書』、『高麗沙門道顯日本世記』、(釈日本紀に挙げられている『安斗宿禰智徳日記』、『調連淡海日記』))
- Individual notes ('Iki no Muraji Hakatoko no Fumi' (The Book of Iki no Muraji Hakatoko), 'Naniwa no Kishi Ohito no Fumi (The Book of Naniwa no Kishi Ohito) (難波吉士男人書), and 'Korai Samon Doken Nippon Seiki' (高麗沙門道顯日本世記), ('The Diary of Ato no Sukune no Chitoko' and 'The Diary of Tsuki no Muraji Omi' which appear in 'Shaku Nihongi'))
- また戦後に咸鏡道に建てられた日本軍撃退記念碑の北関大捷碑には加坡の戦闘で斬殺した日本兵から左耳825個を切り取って朝鮮王へ送った記録が残っている。
- On Hokkantaishohi, which is a monument raised in Hangyong Province after the war to commemorate repulsion of the Japanese army, it is recorded that 825 left ears were cut from Japanese soldiers killed by the sword in the battle in Kaba for the King of Korea.
- 中唐以後均田制が崩壊すると、宮廷や貴族、武人、地方の豪族などが個人で田畠を財産として私有する風潮が強まり、各地で荘田・荘園が形成されるようになる。
- After the middle of Tang dynasty the equal-field system collapsed and the imperial court, aristocrats, warriors, local ruling families and so on increasingly tended to own the fields (of rice and other crops) as their asset and in various regions shoden (field within a manor) and shoen came to be formed.
- しかし、織田軍は手取川の戦いで上杉謙信に敗北していたものの十分な余力を残していたため、久秀は各個撃破の戦略を採った織田軍にあえなく追い詰められた。
- However, because the Oda army had power to spare--despite the defeat by Kenshin UESUGI in the Battle of the Tetori River--Hisahide was soon driven into a corner by the Oda army, which used the strategy of defeat one by one.
- 鎌倉時代から京都には酒屋が隆盛をきわめていったが、当時はまだ麹造りは酒屋の職業範囲ではなく、麹の製造から販売までをつかさどる麹屋が別個に存在した。
- Although the sakaya industry had existed in Kyoto since the Kamakura Period, production of koji malt did not fall under the sakaya industry at the time, with the production and sale of kojiya malt being independent.
- 鎌倉時代においては(有力御家人の被官のような例外はあるが)個々の御家人が直接将軍と主従関係を結んでおり、守護は国内の御家人の監督者に過ぎなかった。
- In the Kamakura period, individual Gokenin directly paid homage to the Shogun (although there were exceptions such as being hired by a strong Gokenin), and shugos were mere supervisors of Gokenin within their lands.
- LPG仕様がメーカーで設定されている車種は限られているので、ガソリンエンジンをLPGに改造するケースも個人タクシーや大都市圏のハイヤーで見られる。
- Because there are a limited number of vehicles for which manufacturers set LPG as a standard, there are some cases where gasoline engines are remodeled to LPG engines for privately owned taxis and hires in metropolitan areas.
- ホーム有効長は6両(駅が4代目駅舎となり南北自由通路が通行可能になった1990年代後半より以前には烏丸口に有人個別対応の券売窓口が存在していた)。
- The platform's effective length is six cars (until the latter half of 1990s, when the Nanboku-Jiyu-Tsuro became available, there was a ticket booth at Karasuma-guchi (Karasuma entrance/exit), at which a teller would attend to individual passengers).
- また、個別人身支配を受けるべき個々の民は、かつてのように地域首長層の末裔たる郡司の首長権への精神的服従意識によって統率された存在ではなくなっていた。
- Further, individuals who were supposed to be subject to people-based governance were no more the people who were led by mental obedience consciousness to the chieftaincy of Gunji, the descendants of the chiefs of village communities.
- 中世の民衆意識においては何かしら偉業を成し遂げるためには個人的な資質だけなく、血統的な資質もなければいけないというようなことが漠然と考えられていた。
- During the medieval ages, people vaguely thought that not only personal assets but also genealogical assets were necessary in order to accomplish great deeds.
- しかしこれらには宋~明中葉の一般官田のように国家財政収入を支える国有地としての意味はなく、学田を除くと、利用を許可された個人の私有地の性質を帯びた。
- However, these lands were, in nature, not the state lands like the general kanden in the period from Song to mid-Ming which supported the national fisacal revenue, and except 学田, they were in the nature of private properties held by individuals who were permitted to use.
- 東京ではすし店の組合の有志が交渉に立ちあがり、1合の米と握りずし10個(巻きずしなら4本)を交換する委託加工として、正式に営業を認めさせたのである。
- In Tokyo, the sushi association members made negotiations with the government and won the right of doing business officially in the form of making ten pieces of nigiri-zushi (or four rolls of maki-zushi) in exchange for 180ml of rice.
- 陸軍は西園寺内閣を倒してでも2個師団増設を達成すべく奔走し、内閣があくまでも拒否との方針を示すと、上原勇作陸軍省陸軍大臣は天皇に直接辞表を提出した。
- The Army exerted itself in order to succeed in adding two military divisions even if that meant overpowering the Saionji Cabinet, but when the cabinet indicated an absolute refusal, Yusaku UEHARA, the Minister of the Army at the Ministry of the Army submitted a letter of resignation directly to the Emperor.
- 大正元年(1912年)に起きた「陸軍二個師団増設問題」において、第2次西園寺内閣の陸軍大臣であった上原勇作に辞表を提出するように意見書を出している。
- In the 'issue regarding the addition of two army divisions' that occurred in 1912, Yamagata issued a written opinion requesting that Yusaku UEHARA, who was the Minister of War in the second Saionji Cabinet, submit a letter of resignation.
- これらの塔はそのほとんどが火災で焼失、或いは散逸し、2005年現在、法隆寺に4万数千基が残っているほかは、博物館や個人に数基所蔵されているのみである。
- Most of these pagodas have either been burnt in fires or have been scattered and lost; as of 2005, except for the 40,000-odd scrolls remaining in Horyu-ji Temple, only several of them are either kept in museums or are privately owned.
- やがて芸術音楽として確立されるに従い、地歌、箏曲、胡弓楽は独自の楽曲を持つようになり、合奏されることのない、それぞれ独立した別個の音楽として成立した。
- As they were being established as art music, jiuta, so-kyoku and kokyu-gaku each came to retain their own musical composition; each of them became established as a different genre of music.
- 越谷市だるま組合の越谷市の7軒、さいたま市(岩槻区)1軒、春日部市1軒により年間約40万個のだるまが生産されているが、そのほとんどが手作業によるもの。
- Four hundred thousand Koshigaya Daruma dolls are produced every year by seven Daruma doll makers of Koshigaya City which belong to Daruma associations in Koshigaya City, one in Saitama City (Iwatsuki Ward), and one in Kasukabe City; almost all of these dolls are produced by hand.
- 人間国宝(にんげんこくほう)は、日本の文化財保護法に基づき同国の文部科学大臣が指定した重要無形文化財の保持者として各個認定された人物を指す通称である。
- Living National Treasure is a Japanese popular term for individuals certified as Preservers of Important Intangible Cultural Properties by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.
- ただし、金堂の礎石は明治時代に高橋健自が調査した時には12個残っていたというが、その後抜き取られて古美術商などの手に渡り、現在は2個しか残っていない。
- However, it is said that there were twelve foundation stones left in the kondo when archeologist Kenji TAKAHASHI investigated the main hall in the Meiji period, and after that, most of the stones were stolen and came into the possession of antique art dealers and others, and as a result, there are only two left there.
- しかし、頼朝が天下人と呼ばれるのは、御家人制と呼ばれる個々の武士たちとの主従的結合(御恩と奉公)を通じて、全国に影響力を及ぼすことができたためである。
- However, the reason Yoritomo was called tenka-bito is because he influenced the whole country through the firm master-and-servant relationship (obligation and service) with each samurai.
- 東京・宗教法人真如苑蔵 大日如来坐像 - 2008年に真如苑が入手するまでは個人蔵で、2003年から2007年にかけて東京国立博物館に寄託されていた。
- Seated Statue of Dainichi-Nyorai stored at the religious organization Shinnyoen in Tokyo Prefecture: the statue was privately owned before Shinnyoen obtained it in 2008, and it was deposited at the Tokyo National Museum from 2003 to 2007.
- 親子二代説にもとづくものも含め、その後も多くの創作作品がつくられたが、強い個性を持ち、時代の先駆者・変革者としてのイメージで描かれる傾向は続いている。
- Since then, many creative works have been produced, including the ones that are based on the father-and-son two-generation view, but the trend continues in portraying [Dosan] as a man of strong character and as a pioneer and a reformer of the era.
- 「私達は一個の人間として貴方を見る時、同情に耐えません」で始まるこの質問状は、当時学生であった中岡哲郎(のち大阪市立大学教授)の執筆によるものであった。
- This open letter, which started with the phrase 'When we look at you as an individual human being, we cannot help but feel compassion,' was written by a student, Tetsuro Nakaoka (he later became a professor of Osaka City University).
- その末川は「この事件は滝川個人に加えられた弾圧ではなく、日本の学問の自由と大学自治に加えられた弾圧だったから京大事件と呼ぶべきだ」と繰り返し語っていた。
- Suekawa repeatedly said that 'This incident was not oppression of Takigawa as an individual but should be called the Kyodai Incident because this was oppression of academic freedom and university freedom in Japan.'
- 双方酔っていた上、中井は重傷を負った土佐脱藩士を担いで戦線離脱しているのだが、十津川郷士の個々の戦力と胆力、普段からの武道研磨の度合いがわかる話である。
- Both sides were intoxicated and NAKAI needed to stop the fight to carry his friends, who bore a serious wound, on his shoulder; however, this episode reveals us individual Totsukawa goshi's fighting power, courage, and the level of the technique in martial arts.
- 書道とは、この文字の美的表現法を規格あるしつけのもとに学習しながら、実用として生活を美化し、また趣味として心を豊かにし、個性美を表現していくことである。
- Shodo is to learn this aesthetic expression of characters under standardized training, beautify life with actual use, enrich spiritually as a pastime, and express individual beauty.
- 東京では寿司店の組合の有志が交渉に立ちあがり、1合の米と握り寿司10個(巻き寿司なら4本)を交換する委託加工として、正式に営業を認めさせることができた。
- In Tokyo, volunteers of sushi shops association stood up for a negotiation, and succeeded in obtaining an official business license processing on commission to make a trade of one go (unit of volume, approx. 0.18 liters) of rice for ten pieces of Nigiri-zushi (or four rolls of Maki-zushi).
- 日本の文化財保護法においては、「無形文化財」は「高度に洗練された技術」「プロの技術」を指し、その技術をもつ特定の個人や団体が「保持者」として認定される。
- According to the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan, 'intangible cultural properties' refer to 'highly sophisticated techniques' and 'professional skills,' and individuals and organizations that have such techniques and skills are certified as 'holders.'
- このような記述形式であるから、同じ事柄が重複する事もよくあるが、個人や一つの国に関しての情報がまとめて紹介されるためにその人物や国に関しては理解しやすい。
- Being such a descriptive format, Kiden-tai often causes the same articles to be repeated, but shows information on an individual figure and on a nation comprehensively, and enables them to be understood well.
- 今でも根強い人気はあるが、様々な本格的パスタが食べられるようになった今日では、個人経営の喫茶店の減少とともに、ナポリタンを見かける機会はやや減りつつある。
- Although it is still a firm favorite, Naporitan has less frequently been seen with the decrease in the number of privately managed kissaten now that varieties of authentic pasta is available.
- ゆえに、たとえば一人の杜氏が引退しても、その蔵の味、蔵の個性を守るために、同じ流派、杜氏集団から次の杜氏を迎えることが、伝統的な酒蔵においては通例である。
- Consequently, if one toji retires from a traditional brewery, they generally invite the next toji from the same toji school or group in order to keep their taste and originality.
- その個性ある地名は、いずれも力自慢だった龍神(女神)とクジラの大王が、どちらが強いか知恵比べしようと、ここで囲碁で勝負した、との言い伝えによる(を参照)。
- The unique name of Bakuchi (gaming) originates from a legend that a dragon goddess and a whale king, both proud of their strength, played a game of go in a game of wits (reference).
- 後醍醐に仕えたのは、学問や芸能、信仰などを通じて後醍醐と個人的なつながりのあった者や、新たに名家の家柄への上昇を目指す低い家格の家系の出身者が中心だった。
- Those who worked for Godaigo were people who had a personal relationship with him through study, arts, religion, etc., and were mainly people who were descended from lower class families who wanted their family lines to become premier lineages.
- 大学之助と太平次という強烈な個性の悪人を演じるのは至難の技で、八代目幸四郎以後は松本幸四郎 (9代目)と片岡仁左衛門 (15代目)の二人しか演じていない。
- It is extremely difficult to play Daigakunosuke and Taheiji, villains with strong character, and after Koshiro the eighth, only two actors, Koshiro MATSUMOTO the ninth and Nizaemon KATAOKA the fifteenth, have played the roles.
- 一方で、被害に拍車をかけるように近年の暖冬傾向によってニホンジカの個体が増加、春から夏にかけて木々の若芽や下草を食べつくすという食害がひどくなっていった。
- On the other hand, Japanese deer, whose number has increased due to the warm winter trend in recent years, generated the following problem: they caused serious food-related damage because they ate out all the young tree buds and undergrowth through spring to summer.
- 2008年までに認定された工芸技術部門の重要無形文化財保持者(各個認定)は以下の160名である(2008年(平成20年)9月11日付け認定分までを含む。)
- The following 160 people were authorized by 2008 (including those authorized by September 11, 2008) as a holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (individual certification) in a technical art field.
- 最新の科学技術を使って原本を精確に複写した平成復元模写と違い、絵に櫻井清香自身の個性が反映されているため、原本とはまた違った絵画作品となっているとされる。
- Unlike Heisei fukugen mosha (picture scroll restored and reproduced during the Heisei period that precisely reproduced the original using the latest science and technology, the personality of Kiyoka SAKURAI herself is reflected in the pictures, so it is a different style of painting art from the original.
- 室町時代の物語を集めた『御伽草子』などによると、酒呑童子の姿は、顔は薄赤く、髪は短くて乱れた赤毛、背丈が6m以上で角が5本、目が15個もあったといわれる。
- According to 'Otogi Zoshi' (a collection of fairy tales compiled in the Muromachi Period), Shuten Doji was over 6 meters tall and had a slightly red face, short and disheveled red hair, 5 horns, and 15 eyes.
- 複数の個人や法人等が講等の組織に加盟して、一定又は変動した金品を定期又は不定期に講等に対して払い込み、利息の額で競合う競りや抽選によって金品の給付を受ける。
- More than one person, corporation, and others join an organization called Ko and others and pay for certain or fluctuated money and goods regularly or irregularly to Ko and others, and thereby they will be provided money and goods by auction competing with the sum of interest.
- しかし、泰時が確立した集団指導体制・明確な法令による司法体制は、個人的な資質などの不安定な要素に左右されることはなく、安定した政治結果を生み出すものだった。
- However, the judicial system by collective leadership system and clear codes established by Yasutoki was not determined by unstable factors such as a personal character, and gave rise to stable political results.
- 算用状(さんようじょう・散用状)とは、中世の荘園において、荘園領主と現地の荘官との間で交わされた個々の荘園の年貢・公事などに関する年間の収支決算報告のこと。
- Sanyojo (算用状 or 散用状) was the annual settlement of accounts for nengu (annual land tax) and kuji (miscellaneous tax) in each shoen (estate) exchanged between shoen ryoshu (the estate proprietary lord) and shokan (the estate manager) in the medieval shoen system.
- しかし「沙至比跪」の逸話が史実と見なせるかには疑問の余地があり、これを考慮すると、『書紀』の襲津彦像は総じて没個性的で、各々の記事間にも脈絡がほとんどない。
- However, there is controversy as to whether the legend of 'Hisachiku' can be thought of a historical fact; if we take this into account, Sotsuhiko described in 'Nihonshoki' seems overall to be lacking in personality and articles referring to him do not seem to show coherence in their descriptions.
- 「三房」と称された3人はそれぞれのやり方で後醍醐天皇に忠義を尽くそうとしたと考えられるが、個性的な天皇のやり方についていけなかったのもまた事実のようである。
- It is assumed that the three; so-called `sanfusa' attempted to serve Emperor Godaigo faithfully; but they couldn't follow the emperor's unique ways.
- 刀身を柄と鞘に納め、鐔や吊り金具(足金物)、補強用の諸金具を取り付け、木地には漆を塗るなどして、個々の刀剣外装として仕上げられたものを拵(こしらえ)と言う。
- Koshirae refers to a mounted and finished form of individual sword, where the blade is placed in a hilt (tsuka) and scabbard fitted with sword guard (tsuba), hanging fittings (ashikanamono) and other reinforcement fittings, and wooden parts are finished with lacquer.
- 平安時代になると、仏教信仰が貴族の間にも広まり、一部では奈良時代から既に行われてきたが、各氏族で個々に寺院を建立するようになり、そこで氏族の繁栄を祈念した。
- During the Heian period, belief in Buddhism spread throughout the noble classes, with each clan constructed temples in which to pray for the prosperity of the clan, although some clans had practiced this since the Nara period.
- 秀吉としては個人の能力に見合った仕事を与えることで両派を形成したのだと思われるが、両派を分断したことは秀吉の死後、豊臣家臣団の分裂を招くことにもつながった。
- It seems that Hideyoshi made both factions by giving them tasks which were appropriate to their abilities, but this separation led to a split of TOYOTOMI vassals after Hideyoshi's death.
- 藤原佐世が勅命を奉じて作成した『日本国見在書目録』や藤原通憲が個人蔵書を記した『通憲入道蔵書目録』、滋野井実冬説などがある『本朝書籍目録』などが知られている。
- Well-known mokuroku of this type include 'Nihonkoku Genzaisho Mokuroku' (The Catalogue of Chinese Texts Existent in Japan), which was made by FUJIWARA no Sukeyo on imperial order, 'Michinorinyudo Zosho Mokuroku', in which Fujiwara no Michinori recorded his personal library, and 'Honcho Shojaku Mokuroku' (The Catalogue of Books in Our Country), which is believed to have been made by Sanefuyu SHIGENOI.
- また、公衆便所は時に未成年の喫煙の場になったり、個室にカメラなどを設置して盗撮や出歯亀を行う者もいるほか、強姦が起こることもあるなど犯罪の場になることもある。
- Also in the public restrooms, underage people smoke or some people install a camera inside the compartment and secretly film or commit debakame (peeping Tom, voyeur) or crimes such as rape are sometimes committed.
- 2005年 第一回個展「遊美」Pleasure and Beauty -Japanese calligraphy with painting-(ニューヨーク)
- 2005: She held her first personal exhibition 'Pleasure and Beauty'-Japanese calligraphy with painting (New York).
- 戦国末期には宗族組織はほとんど崩壊あるいは変質していたため、諸侯は支配地の住民を宗族に基づいて支配するのではなく、個別人身的な支配関係を構築していったとされる。
- By the end of the Zhangguo period, Sozoku organizations collapsed or changed their nature, therefore, lords started to build rulers-and-subjects relations with people in their domain individually instead of ruling them based on Sozoku.
- この頃、個別人身支配から土地課税への転換に伴って、従来からあった租庸調・正税・雑徭・交易物などの税目が消え、新たに官物・臨時雑役などといった税目が出現していた。
- In the wake of the transition from the principle of people-based governance to the principle of tax on land, former taxes, such as Soyocho, shozei (the rice tax stored in provincial offices' warehouse), zoyo (irregular corvee) and trading goods, were abolished and new items of taxation, such as kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes) and rinji zoyaku (general term for odd-job tasks), were introduced.
- 初等中等教育機関は当初、台湾人と日本人を対象としたものが別個に存在し、試験制度でも日本人が有利な制度であったが、統治が進むにつれ次第にその差異は縮小していった。
- Though elementary and secondary schools were initially separated for Taiwanese and Japanese and the Japanese received a privileged treatment in examination, the difference was gradually becoming smaller as the Japanese rule progressed.
- 日本の法律では現在のところ、古式銃とは1867年の時点で国内に存在したことが個別に証明できた国産または外国製の歴史遺物銃器の実物である、ということになっている。
- In Japanese law at present, an ancient gun refers to a domestically-produced one or a real foreign-produced historical relic, which have been individually proven to have existed in Japan as of 1867.
- ただし現在では、実際に個別のおにぎりが詰められている場合は少なく、型押しをして俵型に見せていることが多く、白飯の上に黒胡麻や海苔や佃煮などを散らしたものもある。
- Recently, Makunouchi-bento with real rice balls are rarities, as they usually have white rice embossed with a barrel-like shape and sometimes sprinkled with black sesame, dried seaweed or tsukudani (small fish, shellfish, konbu, etc. boiled in sweetened soy sauce) and so on.
- かつては個人商店や小規模な食品スーパーと、国道1号線沿線にガソリンスタンド・中古車販売店がいくつかあるくらいで、商業面が弱く、宇治市や京都市に多く依存していた。
- Commerce used to be weak due to the existence of only noncorporate stores, small-scale food supermarket, gas stations and used car dealerships along National Route 1, and used to rely heavily on Uji City and Kyoto City.
- 三浦義澄は義平の叔父、上総介広常は義朝を養君として擁立していた上総氏の嫡子、山内首藤氏は源氏譜代の家人であり、いずれも義朝と個人的に深い関係を有する武士である。
- Yoshizumi MIURA was Yoshihira's uncle while Hidetsune KAZUSANOSUKE was the heir of the Kazusa clan, who backed Yoshitomo, having adopted him as their liege lord, and the Yamanouchi-Sudo clan had been vassals of the Minamoto for many generations, meaning that all of these warriors had close personal relationships with Yoshitomo.
- 本項目においては、項目名は共通する「すごろく」を採用し、個々の記述に関しては今日の主流な呼び方である「盤双六」/「雙六」と「絵双六」/「双六」の名称で解説する。
- In this article, a common word 'Sugoroku' is used for the title, and to describe each, they are referred to as 'board Sugoroku'/ '雙六' and 'picture Sugoroku'/ '双六' respectively.
- 町並み保存(まちなみほぞん)とは、伝統的な建築等が残る町並みを保存することによって、その町ならではの個性や魅力を再生させ、あわせて住民の生活環境を整備すること。
- Townscape preservation refers to activities intended to renew distinctive characteristics and attractiveness of towns and to improve living conditions of the residents by preserving townscapes that retain traditional architecture and so on.
- 江戸時代になると、家内安全や商売繁盛といった実利的な願いをかける風習が庶民にも広まり、今日のように個人が小さな絵馬を奉納する形は江戸時代から始まったものである。
- In the Edo period, praying for practical benefits such as the well-being of the family or prosperity of business became widespread among common people, and it is in the Edo period that people began dedicating small ema as we do today.
- 政治(選挙区の世襲、または派閥継承)や暴力団(跡目継承)でも行われていることはほとんど上記のとおりであるものの、フルネームの個人名(名跡)を継承することはない。
- As noted above, inheriting names is also practiced in the political world (ie. hereditary transfer of constituency, or succeeding generations within political family) as well as amongst organized crime gang groups (succession to the gang name by an heir), but in such cases an individual name (Myoseki) is not inherited in its full-name form..
- 大株主として財務省 (日本)が8.33%の株式を保有しているが、これは以前の個人大株主の死去により、相続税の物納として同社株式が納められたことによるものである。
- The Ministry of Finance (Japan) also owns 8.33% of the shares as a major shareholder, consequent upon the payment of inheritance tax in kind following the death of an individual shareholder.
- 大正2年(1913年)の予算策定に向けて歳出1割減を目標としたが、大日本帝国陸軍は2個師団の増設を要求し、大日本帝国海軍もまた戦艦3隻建造を予算案に盛り込んだ。
- His draft of the budget for 1913 aimed to reduce spending by 10%, but the Imperial Japan Army demanded the addition of two military divisions, and the Imperial Japan Navy also added construction of three battleships in the budget proposal.
- 「飛散開始日」とは、その日の1平方センチメートルあたりの花粉観測数が連続して1個以上になった最初の日をさし、実際には飛散開始日よりも前に少量の飛散は始まっている。
- First day of pollen dispersal' is the first day on which the observed pollen count per square meter exceeds a value of 1, but low-level pollen dispersal begins actually before the first day of pollen dispersal.
- 南北朝時代 (日本)に悪党の活動が活発化し下克上の風潮が流行すると、伝統的な戦闘形態は個人戦から集団戦へと変化し始め、足軽の活躍の場は土一揆・国一揆にも広まった。
- As the activity of villains increased and the trend of vassals revolting against their lords became more commonplace during the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the traditional way in which warfare was conducted began to make the transition from a one-to-one combat to a group battle strategy, and the utilization of ashigaru even spread to the suppression of local and provincial uprisings.
- そのため、軍団兵士制を支えてきた戸籍制度を維持する必要性も低下していき、9世紀初頭以降、律令制の基盤となっていた戸籍を通じた個別人身支配が急速に形骸化していった。
- Therefore, the necessity of maintaining the family registration system having supported the gundan-soldier system diminished, and the control of individual persons through the family register, which constituted the base of the ritsuryo-code-based nation, rapidly became a dead letter in early ninth century.
- こういった工夫された食器の使用は一つの解決策ではあるが、その一方では止むに止まれぬ個々の事情により「犬食いをせざるを得ない」ということへの理解も重要だと言えよう。
- Using these well-devised eating utensils is one of the solution for Inugui, however, on the other hand, it is important for us to understand that 'some people are forced to eat like a dog' because of individual unavoidable reasons.
- 父や兄と同様に、早くから源頼朝の挙兵に参加して御家人となったが、一般の御家人とは区別される、頼朝の個人的な側近・親衛隊員である「家子」としての地位を獲得している。
- Yoshitoki, like his father and elder brother, became a Gokenin (immediate vassal of the shogun) by joining the army raised by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo in his early days, acquiring the position of Ie no ko (meaning a follower), a position that differed from that of an ordinary Gokenin in that someone holding this position would serve as a personal aide/bodyguard to the Yoritomo.
- それは家と家との政略結婚というよりは個人的であり、配偶者の父、祖父はじぶんの父、祖父にも準ずる、義理の兄弟は兄弟に準ずるという範囲で理解していれば大きくは違わない。
- It was not a political marriage between families, but was for a private purpose, and it did not differ greatly from thinking that a father and grandfather of a partner was at a similar level as one's own father or grandfather, and brother-in-law was at the same level as brothers.
- したがって、この「君」は特定の個人をさすものではなく、治世の君(古今和歌集の時代においては帝)の長寿を祝し、その御世によせる賛歌として収録されたものとも考えられる。
- Therefore, we can also understand that this 'kimi' does not mean any specific individual person, but this waka was included as an anthem to celebrate the longevity of the reigning lord (the emperor at the time of Kokin-Wakashu) and was dedicated to his reign.
- 珍しい例であるが地方によってはその地方特有に個別の変化をして太鼓台そのものの外観がすっかり変わってしまったところもある(愛媛県西条市の太鼓台(曳き山)が顕著な例)。
- As a rare example, some regions have individually transformed the styles and the appearances of the taikodai into their own regional ones, which are completely different from other standard ones. (a prominent example: the taikodai (hikiyama) in Saijo City, Ehime Prefecture)
- それまでの天誅は、開国派や公武合体派であった個人を狙ってのものが大半であったが、この事件では足利将軍の木像を梟首することで暗に倒幕の意味を持つものとして重視された。
- Heaven's punishment used to be given to those individuals that were a part of groups which were for opening Japan to the world, integrating the imperial court and the shogunate, but this incident was counted because destroying the heads of wooden images of the Ashikaga Shoguns implied that they wished to overthrow the Shogunate.
- 検注目録を別個に作らず、検注帳に一括して記載される場合もあったが、反対に検注以外の時に在地において目録との照合・訂正を行って古くなった検地帳の補完を行う場合もあった。
- There were examples in which kenchu mokuroku was incorporated into the kenchucho, but there were also examples in which kenchu mokuroku was made by the local administration separately and especially to supplement the kenchucho, which was in need of update and correction by collating with the index when the kenchu was not being carried out.
- 本判決は、「次のような場合には、撮影される本人の同意がなく、また裁判官の令状がなくても、警察官による個人の容ぼう等の撮影が許容される」として、以下のように述べている。
- This judgment stated 'If a police officer has photographed the appearance, etc. of a citizen in circumstances as below, the police officer was allowed to photograph without the citizen's consent or a warrant issued by a judge.'
- 9世紀後期に至って律令制的な人民支配・租税収取に限界が生じたため、10世紀初頭より、地方政治への大幅な統治委任や個別人身支配から土地課税原則への方針転換が進められた。
- As the limitation of people-based governance/tax collection under the Ritsuryo system became clear in the late 9th century, policy changes, such as substantial delegation of authority to local administrative bodies and the switch from the principle of people-based governance to the principle of tax on land, were implemented in early 10th century.
- 日本政府は、花房公使を全権委員として、高島鞆之助陸軍少将及び仁礼景範海軍少将の指揮する、軍艦4隻、歩兵第11連隊の1個歩兵大隊及び海軍陸戦隊を伴わせ、朝鮮に派遣する。
- The Japanese government appointed Minister HANABUSA as a plenipotentiary and dispatched him to Korea with four warships, an infantry battalion belonging to the 11th Regiment of Infantry and a naval landing party under the command of Army Major General Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA and Rear Admiral Kagenori NIRE.
- 室町時代から戦国時代_(日本)にかけて三条通を境目として北側を上京(かみきょう)、南側を下京(しもきょう)と呼ぶ慣習が生まれ、上京と下京がそれぞれ別個の惣構を持った。
- From the Muromachi period to the Sengoku period (Japan), the custom arose of calling the area north of Sanjo-dori Street Kamikyo, and the area in the south of the street Shimokyo, with Kamikyo and Shimokyo each having their own sogamae (outer citadel).
- 語句の類似から、単に女子の天皇を指す女性天皇と混同されることも多いが、天皇家の血筋についての「女系天皇」と、天皇個人の性別についての「女性天皇」とは異なる概念である。
- Since the Japanese terms for 'Female-line Emperor' (女系天皇) and 'Female Emperor' (女性天皇) are somewhat similar in wording, the meaning of 'Female-line Emperor' is often confused with that of 'Female Emperor;' given that the term 'Female-line Emperor' is related to imperial bloodline while the term 'Female Emperor' is related to gender, their concepts are quite different.
- かじ取りハンドルの中心から車体の最外側までの距離が六十五センチメートル以上あるもの又は運転者席が車室内にあるものにあつては、左右に一個ずつ方向指示器を備えていること。
- To have a direction indicator on each left and right side, for those with distance between the center of the steering wheel and the outer utmost side of the body of 65 cm or more or those with an operator's seat in the cabin.
- 申請者が個人である場合にあつては、第十八条第三項第一号ホ及びヘ並びに同項第二号ロに掲げる書類(同号ロに掲げる書類にあつては、当該書類の内容に変更があつた場合に限る。)
- The documents provided by Article 18, paragraph 3, item 1, (e) and (f) and item 2, (b) if the applicant is an individual (limited to the case where there is any change in the document in respect of the document listed in (b) of the same item)
- 彼らは、輸入学問であった近代農学とは独立して、近世以前の在来農学の蓄積に基づき、単なる個人の経験の寄せ集めという段階を越えた実証主義的な態度からの技術改良を志向した。
- Being independent of the modern agriculture studies imported from abroad, they intended to make improvements on techniques from the viewpoint of positivism, based on the accumulation of the conventional agriculture studies before modern times, which was beyond the phase of the mere collection of personal experiences.
- 「国宝○○寺」あるいは「国宝○○城」のような表記がまま見られるが、厳密に言えば寺院や城郭全体が国宝に指定されているのではなく、指定の対象はあくまでも個々の建造物である。
- It is not uncommon to see terms like 'XX Temple, a national treasure' or 'XX Castle, a national treasure,' but strictly speaking it is always individual buildings, not the entire temple or castle complex, that are designated as national treasures.
- 日本の税体系は,10世紀頃の籍帳支配崩壊に伴う公地公民制の崩壊をうけて,課税が個別的人身賦課方式から土地賦課方式へ転換されるまで,人頭税を財源の中心とするものであった。
- Jintozei (primitive taxes which were imposed individually) were the core financial resources in the tax system of Japan until around the 10th century, when the taxation system was converted from an individual tax imposition system to a land tax imposition system: this conversion was triggered by the collapse of the system of complete state ownership of land and citizens, after the managing system based on the family register and Keicho (the yearly tax registers) had collapsed.
- しかしこの先例は、国司・田堵負名の間の個人的な約定であるともいえたため、新たに赴任した受領が前任者の先例を無視して、規定どおりの租税を田堵負名らに賦課することもあった。
- However, since such precedents could have been merely a personal agreements between the kokushi and tato fumyo, a new zuryo could ignore the precedent made by his predecessor to impose a prescribed tax to the tato fumyo.
- つまり、律令法の作用を受けて、律令制という制度が構築されていたのであり、両者は密接な関係にあったと言えるが、両者は別個の概念であり混同しないよう注意しなければならない。
- In other words, the Luli System was established upon the effects and circumstances of the Luli Codes, and it is important not to confuse the two, since even if it could be said that they were closely related, they were two different concepts.
- 百度参りの祈願の内容は、多くは個人的なものであり、その内容が切実なものである場合に、一度の参拝ではなく何度も参拝することでより、心願が成就するようにと願ったものである。
- In terms of the content of the prayers offered during such hundred-fold visits, in most cases it is a personal prayer specific to the individual; if the content of the prayer is urgent, the wish is that by visiting and paying homage to a shrine or temple many times, instead of just once, the person's heartfelt prayer stands a better chance of coming true.
- 仏教は本来、輪廻転生し徳を積めば最後は開眼し仏となる教えであり、「特定される個人としての死」はないので先祖崇拝はなく、「盂蘭盆」が正式な仏教行事で釈迦を奉るものである。
- Originally, because Buddhism held that if people cultivated enough virtue over the cycle of rebirth, they would finally reach enlightenment and become Buddhas, there was no significance to any particular death of an individual and hence no ancestor worship, so in the beginning Urabon was an official Buddhist ceremony to revere Shakyamuni.
- 中世以降は、主に各地において民間で個人的に占術・呪術・祭祀を行う非官人の者を指すようになり、現代においては民間で私的祈祷や占術を行う神職の一種として定義付けられている。
- After the medieval period, Onmyoji referred mainly to non-bureaucrats who performed divination, magic, and religious services independently among the civilian population in various locations, today, they are a type of Shinto-priest who recite prayers and perform divination in the private sector.
- 真珠庵で最も古いとされ、侘び茶の祖である村田珠光(むらたじゅこう)作と伝わる枯山水の庭で、7・5・3と合わせて15個の石が配してあることから「七五三の庭」とも呼ばれる。
- A dry landscape garden created by Juko MURATA, developer of the wabi-cha tea ceremony style, that is thought to be the oldest at Shinju-an Temple and known as 'The Seven-Five-Three Garden' as it contains 15 stones in a 7-5-3 arrangement.
- 歌舞伎伴奏などのプロの長唄奏者は営業が続けられたが、街角の稽古場で三味線を教えるようないわゆる「街のお師匠さん」(今で言う個人宅の音楽教室)は禁止されてしまったのである。
- Although professional nagauta players could continue to play the instruments to the accompaniment of kabuki and for other occasions, giving shamisen lessons in town, so-called 'music teachers in your town' (similar to private music lessons held at the teacher's house today), was banned.
- ここで重要なのは、松平一族が徳川に改姓したのではなく、「徳川」は家康個人のみに許される称号であったことである(嫡男の松平信康については、名乗った説とそうでない説がある)。
- What is important about this event is, not that the Matsudaira family (in entirety) changed its name to Tokugawa but rather, Ieyasu was the sole individual permitted to use the surname 'Tokugawa' and as such, opinion is divided whether his eldest son (Nobuyasu MATSUDAIRA) appropriated the Tokugawa name, or not.
- 摂関家内部に複数の摂関候補者が登場することとなり、それぞれの候補者が別個に天皇に娘を入内させて子をもうけたため、皇位継承は摂関家のパワーバランスに左右されることとなった。
- Within the regency family, there were some candidates for Regent and Chancellor that came forward, each candidate sent their daughter to the Imperial Palace to become the Emperor's consort and those daughters had children, there were power struggles, between the regency families, to control Imperial secession.
- 回数を間違えないように、小石やこより、竹串などを百個用意しておいて参拝のたびに拝殿・本堂に1個ずつ置いたり、百度石に備えつけられているそろばん状のもので数を数えたりする。
- To keep people from losing count, the temple or shrine stacks up one hundred pebbles, twisted paper strings, bamboo skewers or the like, which supplicants take one at a time and place by the main hall, counting by using these hundred pebbles, etc. as a sort of makeshift abacus.
- 「芸能または工芸技術の性格上個人的特色が薄く」かつ「当該芸能または工芸技術を保持する者が多数いる場合」において、「これらの者が主たる構成員となっている団体」が認定される。
- Certification is given to a group of key members within all of the holders when 'the performing or technical art is not at all individualistic' and when 'there are many holders of the relevant performing or technical art.'
- ただし、この程度の面積の庭に15個の石を並べれば、そのうちの一つは隠れて見えなくなるのはむしろ当然のことだとする意見もあり、これを表現意図とする考え方には賛否両論がある。
- There is also an opinion that if one puts 15 stones in a garden of this size, one of them is bound to be hidden behind another; so there are concerning (controversial) debates that the designer intentionally positioned the stones in such a way.
- 7月11日には現地の松井久太郎大佐(北平特務機関長)と秦徳純(第二十九軍副軍長)との間で停戦協定が締結されたにもかかわらず、内地三個師団を派兵する「北支派兵声明」を発表。
- On July 11, the deployment of three divisions of troops from Japan was announced in the 'proclamation of troop dispatch to China,' even though there was an armistice being concluded between Colonel Kyutaro MATSUI, head of the secret service in Peiping (Beijing), and Qin Dechun, Deputy Commander of the 29th Army.
- このうち、冒頭の10項目と次の4項目は諸本揃っているものの、文体などが異なること、後者には漢詩以外の散文に関する記事が含まれていることから別個の著者がいたと考えられている。
- Although all books consists of the first ten items and the subsequent four items, the latter is considered to have been written by another person because its writing style is different from the former and it contains a description concerning prose.
- 山鹿方面では第三旅団の先鋒1個中隊の増援を得て24日に転進して来た野村忍介の5個小隊と対戦することになったが、高瀬道を進んだ部隊は薩軍と戦闘をすることもなく高瀬を占領した。
- In the Yamaga area, the group of the 14th regiment was reinforced with a company that spearheaded the 3rd brigade, and fought the five platoons led by Oshisuke NOMURA, which was transferred to there on February 24, whereas the other group of the 14th regiment had pushed through the Takase Road and occupied Takase without fighting the Satsuma army.
- 12月13日、東京の新聞記者・弁護士らが憲政振作会を組織して二個師団増設反対を決議し、翌14日には交詢社有志が発起人となって時局懇談会をひらいて、会の名を憲政擁護会とした。
- On December 13, Kensei Shinsakukai Party a political party organized by journalists and lawyers in Tokyo, adopted a resolution against the increase of two army divisions, and the next day, some supporters of Kojun-sha (the first social club of businessmen in Japan) called for a meeting to discuss the state of affairs and named the meeting 'Kensei Yogokai' (Meeting for Defending Constitutionalism).
- これら九つの文化圏の間の関係であるが、縄文文化という一つの文化圏内での差異というよりは、「発展の方向を同じくする別個の地域文化」と見るべきであるとの渡辺誠による指摘がある。
- Makoto WATANABE points out that variances among these nine cultural regions are not differences within one cultural region known as the Jomon culture, but rather these nine cultural regions have to be thought of as 'independent regional cultures with the similar developmental characteristics.'
- 最大の脅威であった信玄が死去したことを知った信長は一気に攻勢に出た。信玄なき今、もはや信長と立ち向かえるほどの余力が残された勢力はなく、なすすべもなく各個撃破されていった。
- Nobunaga, getting the information of Shingen's death, went on an offensive at a breath; nobody could stand up against Nobunaga, and one after another of the network was defeated impotently.
- 内部の4本の柱と上部の飛貫(ひぬき)、天井の彩色絵画は剥落が甚だしいとはいえ、奈良時代絵画の遺品として貴重なもので、建物とは別個に「絵画」として重要文化財に指定されている。
- The colored paintings on the internal four pillars, hinuki (a neck penetrating tie beam which extends through a pillar) on the upper part of the pillars, and the ceiling are greatly damaged by peeling and falling, but nevertheless they are a valuable legacy from the Nara period painting and designated as important cultural properties as 'paintings' separately from the architecture.
- 第三十八条の検査、性能検査、個別検定、型式検定又は免許試験の結果についての処分については、行政不服審査法(昭和三十七年法律第百六十号)による不服申立てをすることができない。
- With respect to dispositions concerning the results of inspection under Article 38, regular inspection, individual examination, type examination or license examination, no objection under the Act for the Examination of Objections against Administrative Acts (Act No. 160 of 1962) may be filed.
- 戦後、日本史研究の進展に伴い、律令支配を原則としていた奈良期-平安前期と、律令を必ずしも支配原則としなくなった平安中期・後期とを別個の時代ととらえる考えが主流を占めていった。
- With the study of Japanese history progressed after the War, the view which regards Nara/early Heian period, during which the Ritsuryo system was the basis of governance, and mid-Heian/late Heian period, during which the Ritsuryo system was not necessarily the basis of governance, as separate periods became dominant.
- 曙山の作品として、「松に唐鳥図」(重要文化財、個人蔵)、「燕子花にハサミ図」(神戸市立博物館所蔵)、「竹に文鳥図」(秋田市立千秋美術館所蔵)、「湖山風景図」などの絵画がある。
- Shozan's paintings include 'Matsu ni Karadori Zu' (A Painting of Foreign-bred Bird on Pine) (an important cultural property in a private collection), 'Kakitsubata ni Hasami Zu' (A Painting of Rabbit-ear Iris and Scissors) (at Kobe City Museum), 'Take ni Buncho Zu' (A Painting of a Paddy Bird on a Bamboo) (at Akita Senshu Museum of Art), and 'Kozan Fukei Zu' (A View of a Mountain and a Lake).
- 一方、既にプロシア式の憲法導入に積極的であった岩倉や井上毅と違い、政変後の伊藤個人は立憲体制導入の決意は固めていたものの、どの形態を採るかについてはまだ確信は得ていなかった。
- On the other hand, unlike Iwakura and Inoue, who advocated introduction of Prussia style constitution, even Ito had decided on introduction of constitutional government system, but he was still thinking about the style of the system even after the Meiji juyonen no seihen.
- 鰻重単体で比較した場合、鰻の個体差により若干の差が生じるが鰻の大きさによってランク付けする場合、半身か一匹かで分ける場合、ウナギが天然か養殖かでランク付けする場合などがある。
- Ranking varies; in comparing the Unaju itself, ranks are based on the size of eel although there is a slight difference among individual eels; the ranks are also determined factors including whether the eel is served half or whole, and whether the eel is wild or farmed.
- また、昭和15年の木下謙次郎「続々美味求真」に2升で200個握るとされていること、2個づけが戦後始まっていることを考えても、大きかったので2つに分けたと言う説には無理がある。
- From the viewpoint in 'Zoku Zoku Bimigushin' (Delicacy Quest, third series) written by Kenjiro KINOSHITA in 1940, he said 200 pieces of Nigiri-zushi were made from two sho of rice, and that serving of Nigiri-zushi in pairs started after the war, a theory that Nigiri-zushi was cut into two pieces because it was too big is also unreasonable.
- その他のインターネットスラングとしての「祭り」はブログ炎上 (ネット用語)といわれるものがあり、特定の団体や個人による不祥事や不穏当発言などに対する、中傷や非難や批判が多い。
- The term 'matsuri' as an Internet slang has another meaning of blog flaming (terminology of the Internet), and calumniation, crimination and criticism are often given to scandals and improper words by a certain organization or individual.
- 忠実は柔弱な長男忠通に物足りなさを感じてか、強い個性の持ち主である次男頼長に望みを託し、ゆくゆくは摂関家を彼に継がせるつもりで、泰子の傘下に入れて庇護を得させるよう計らった。
- Tadazane was presumed not so happy about his eldest son, Tadamichi's soft character, he relied more on the second son, Yorinaga, who had a strong personality, Tadazane organized Yorinaga to be under Taishi's support as he wanted Yorinaga to succeed to the family eligible for regents and chancellor.
- 財閥本社社長たる歴代吉左衛門の仕事は、究極的には財閥の事実上の最高権力者である住友本社(住友合資会社)総理事の信認に尽きるといってよく、個々の事業に口を差し挟む事はなかった。
- All the duties of the successive Kichizaemon as president of the zaibatsu (main company) are the repository of trust in the head of the directors of the main Sumitomo company (Sumitomo Limited Partnership Corporation); therefore, the successive Kichizaemon did not give any specific orders to the individual businesses.
- 同じころ幕府でも安達泰盛が主導する徳政が行われており、亀山と泰盛とのあいだには文化交流など個人的なつながりもあることから、公武両徳政には密接な連関があるものと考えられている。
- At the same time, the bakufu had political reforms led by Yasumori ADACHI, it is thought that there was a close relationship between virtuous governments in both Imperial and Military courts due to the fact that there were cultural exchanges at the individual level between Kameyama and Yasumori.
- 19世紀を中心にヨーロッパで展開した精神運動である「ロマン主義」の影響を受け、大正時代の個人の解放や新しい時代への理想に満ちた風潮にかぶせて、このように呼ばれるようになった。
- The idealistic trend in hoping for a new era and the liberation of an individual, which were affected by the 'romanticism' of Europe around the 19th century, began to be referred to as 'Taisho Roman.'
- これに対し、「無形民俗文化財」の指定対象は風俗慣習、民俗芸能、年中行事などの一般庶民の生活、慣習、行事そのものであって、特定の個人や団体を「保持者」として認定することはない。
- On the other hand, those designated as 'intangible folk-cultural properties' are lives, customs and events of commoners themselves, such as manners and customs, folk performing arts and annual observances, for which individuals or organizations are not certified as 'holders.'
- 荒魂と和魂は、同一の神であっても別の神に見えるほどの強い個性の表れであり、実際別の神名が与えられたり、皇大神宮の正宮と荒祭宮といったように、別に祀られていたりすることもある。
- Aratama and Nikitama showcase strong (and different) dispositions of the same god so as to trick people into assuming that they are two different gods, when in reality, there are cases in which different names are given to the same god, or where the god's two natures are enshrined separately, such as Shogu and Aramatsurinomiya in Kotai-jingu Shrine.
- 後に御前沙汰は義詮の後継者である足利義満によって恩賞以外の重要事項も審議するとともに、将軍の個人的な人選によって選ばれた重臣・側近による事実上の最高諮問機関へと変化していく。
- Afterward, Gozensata was changed by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the successor of Yoshiakira, into the virtual highest advisory panel controlled by the chief vassals and close advisers personally chosen by the shogun, which discussed important matters besides administering Onsho awards.
- 都道府県及び市町村の行う事業その他厚生労働省令で定める事業については、当該事業を労災保険に係る保険関係及び雇用保険に係る保険関係ごとに別個の事業とみなしてこの法律を適用する。
- This Act shall apply to the services conducted by prefectures and municipalities and other services specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, by deeming each such service as a separate business according to each insurance relation pertaining to industrial accident insurance and each insurance relation pertaining to employment insurance.
- これに対して朝田善之助らは、1966年1月15日、部落解放同盟中央本部の指示によって独自に府連大会を開き、朝田を委員長とする別個の府連体制(以下「朝田府連」と呼ぶ)を構築した。
- On the other hand, on Janurary 15, 1966, ordered by the Buraku Liberation League Headquarter, Zennosuke ASADA and others held their own Kyoto Federation meeting to establish another Kyoto Federation system (hereinafter referred to as 'Asada Furen,' Asada faction's Federation) with Asada as the chairman.
- この政権の課題は、将軍が短命・幼弱ということもあり、「如何にして将軍個人の人格よりも将軍職の地位とその権威を高めるか」であり、綱吉の頃と同様、朱子学の影響を受けた政策と言える。
- The challenge of this government was 'how to enhance the status and authority of the shogunate, regardless of a shogun's own personality,' due to the fact that Shogun Ietsugu was not gifted with longevity and he was immature, and therefore, it can be said that the policies in this age were under the influence of Neo-Confucianism just as in the age of Tsunayoshi.
- 人生50年と言われた時代に女性は一歩引いて49年と配慮した意味を含ませ、さらに中央に特大柳川まり2連を加え計51個とする事により、人生50年よりも長生きできるように願をかける。
- During the time when the lifespan of a person was considered to be fifty years, women would fall one step back by making to 49 years, but adding two rows of grand Yanagawa mari in center to wish for the child to live beyond fifty years of age by making the total sum 51.
- 同志社大学の学生が政治・経済・文化の中心である東京で、また早稲田大学学生が日本の文化や歴史を誇る京都で、異なる地域・風土で学び、視野を広げ、個性を磨くことを目的として行われる。
- This is for the purpose of broadening student horizons through study in different areas and climates, as well as developing their personality: Doshisha University students study at Tokyo, which is the center of politics, economy, and culture, while Waseda University students at Kyoto, which takes pride in Japanese traditional culture and history.
- 江戸時代の学問の特徴としては、研究者個人の直感的、連想的な思考を軸とする中世的な発想で研究を進めるのではなく、文献などに基づき実証的に研究するという態度が現れたことが挙げられる。
- One of characteristics of studies in the Edo period was the appearance of the positivistic approachs based on written materials, which was different from those in the medieval times laying stress on the intuitional and associational thoughts of the researcher.
- 判決は、憲法13条を根拠に、「個人の私生活上の自由の一つとして、何人も、その承諾なしに、みだりにその容ぼう・姿態(以下「容ぼう等」という。)を撮影されない自由を有する」と述べた。
- The judgment stated 'As part of such citizens' freedom in private life, any person has the right not to have his/her face or appearance (hereinafter referred to as 'the appearance, etc.') photographed without consent or good reason' based on Article 13 of the Constitution.
- 新渡戸は近代において人間が陥りやすい拝金主義や唯物主義の根っこにある個人主義に対して、封建時代の武士は(封建)社会全体への義務を負う存在として己を認識していたことを指摘している。
- Nitobe pointed out that while people could easily become individualistic which underlied mammonism and materialism in modern times, samurais in the feudal period recognized themselves as an existence that was responsible to the whole (feudal) society.
- 例えば近代以降のクラシック音楽ならば「個人的な解釈の違い」となるべきところを、集団で、伝統としてある程度、固定化して引継いでゆくところに流儀というものの特異性があるといっていい。
- Ryugi is unique in that the differences from other schools are fixed to some degree and handed down as traditions within the group, while, for example, in western classical music of modern age and thereafter, differences in interpretation of music are considered to be only 'personal'.
- この一連の経緯がその後の定例となり、皇后には皇后宮職、皇太后には皇太后宮職、太皇太后には太皇太后宮職、皇太夫人には中宮職がそれぞれ個別に設置されて奉仕に当たる体制ができあがった。
- These events became precedents, and Kogogushiki, Kotaigo gushiki, Taikotaigogushiki (Imperial Household Agency assigned to the household of Grand Empress Dowager), and Chugushiki were established to serve Empress, Empress Dowager, Grand Empress Dowager, and Kotaifujin respectively.
- 製作中のマキノ正博(「牧陶六」名義)監督作『遊侠太平記』はマキノ個人資金で製作、中川信夫監督作『旗本五人男 大江戸の鳶』は松山企画部長が東京で配給権を売却し、これを退職金とした。
- 'Yukyo Taiheiki' directed by Masahiro MAKINO (under the name of Sueroku MAKI), whose filming was under way, was completed by Makino's personal funds, and the planning department manager Matsuyama sold the distribution right of 'Hatamoto Goninotoko, Oedo no Tobi' directed by Nobuo NAKAGAWA in Tokyo to pay retirement allowance.
- 旧暦の元旦から6日頃まで、静かな夜に社前の海上に現れたというもので、最初に1個現れた火が次第に数を増して50個ほどになり、それらが集まってまた1個に戻り、明け方に消え去るという。
- From New Year's Day to the day six in an old lunar calendar it appeared above the sea in front of shrine gate at quiet night, where firstly the one fire appeared and it gradually increased to about fifty and they aggregated into one fire again and disappeared at dawn.
- 1988年(昭和63年)頃、昔からあった在来種を栽培していた農家と、水田の裏作として栽培していた個々の農家が集まり協議会活動を開始、本格的な蕎麦栽培が広がり始めたが収穫量は少ない。
- Around 1988, farmers who had been growing the local variety of buckwheat and those who had been growing buckwheat in paddy fields during the off-season got together to begin consultation activities and a full-scale buckwheat farming consequently started to spread but the crop yields have been small.
- 陶器としては「なんの変哲もない褐釉小壺」(西田宏子『唐物茶入』まえがき/根津美術館/2005)に過ぎず、これらの微妙な個性に美しさを見出す点は茶道文化の際立った特異性となっている。
- As ceramics, it is nothing more than 'an unremarkable small brown glazed pot'(as referred to in the preface of 'Karamono Chaire' (Chinese-Style Tea Canisters) written by Hiroko NISHIDA/Nezu Museum/2005), and finding beauty in chaire's subtle individuality is remarkably peculiar to tea ceremony culture.
- このため、買物に際してレジ袋の利用を止めて風呂敷へと転換するごとに二酸化炭素とごみの削減効果に個人レベルで日常的に貢献でき、ひいては地球温暖化防止に貢献することにつながるといえる。
- One can personally contribute on a daily basis to the reduction of carbon dioxide and waste disposal and eventually to the prevention of global warming by converting the use of supermarket checkout bags into the use of his or her own Furoshiki in shopping.
- また江戸時代には、鎌倉時代から続く商工業が飛躍的に発達し、犬上・愛知・神崎・蒲生・高島の各郡、特に八幡 (近江八幡市)・日野町 (滋賀県)・五個荘町などから近江商人を多く輩出した。
- In the Edo period, trade and manufacture, which started in the Kamakura period, markedly developed and such counties as Inukami, Echi, Kanzaki, Gamo, and Takashima, especially Hachiman (Omihachiman City), Hino-cho (Shiga Prefecture) and Gokasho-cho produced a lot of Omi merchants.
- さらに、こうした分断化された植生では、そこを生活場所とする動物の行動圏が個体群を維持するのに十分なだけ確保できないことが多く、植物群落以上に動物群集の劣化は進んでいると考えられる。
- In many cases, this segmented vegetation cannot guarantee enough land to maintain the populations of the animals that live there, and the decline of the animal community is considered to be worse than that of the plant community.
- このうち、巻五(個人蔵)、巻八(山口・毛利博物館蔵)、巻二十(高知県蔵)の3巻のみが巻物として完存し(3巻とも国宝)、巻一、二、三、九、十八、十九は断簡として各所に分蔵されている。
- Among the extant scrolls, only scrolls five (in a private collection), eight (held in Yamaguchi at the Mori Museum), and twenty (owned by Kochi Prefecture) are still complete in scroll form (all three are National Treasures), while scrolls one, two, three, nine, eighteen, and nineteen have been split up as dankan and scattered to various places.
- 上記のほか、蕪村の俳諧の門弟でパトロンでもあった寺村百池の家に伝わった絵画、短冊、書状等の遺品一括が「与謝蕪村関係資料」として重要文化財に指定されている(1987年指定、個人蔵)。
- In addition to those listed above, the collected paintings, poems, and letters that were passed on to the family of Buson's patron and Haikai student, Hyakuchi TERAMURA, being 'materials related to Buson YOSA,' have been designated an Important Cultural Property (1987, Private Collection).
- 不輸が認められるには、個々の田地ごとに申請を必要としていたが、出作が盛んになるとともに不輸地の一部に含めようとする荘園側とこれを阻止しようとする国司側の間で紛争が生じるようになった。
- For fuyu no ken to be recognized, it was necessary to apply for each rich field, but as desaku (an act in which farmers who live in a certain shoen cultivate lands of other)became common and the shoen side wished to include this as part of the land with fuyu no ken, a conflict arose with the Kokushi side, which wanted to stop this.
- が、1999年6月17日に東京地方裁判所は、当時の国際法で戦争被害に対する個人の損害を補償しないという原則と、日本の国内法に軍票を交換する法律が存在しないことを理由に請求を棄却した。
- On June 17, 1999, the Tokyo District Court rejected the plaintiff's claim because of the following reasons; the international law at that time had a principal that individual war damage would not be compensated; Japanese domestic law did not have a legislation that the govenment would exchange the former military currency with other currency.
- 青少年に対する職業訓練は、特に、その個性に応じ、かつ、その適性を生かすように配慮するとともに、有為な職業人として自立しようとする意欲を高めることができるように行われなければならない。
- Vocational training for youth workers shall be provided by paying particular attention to their personalities and giving due consideration so as to make the most of their aptitude, in such a manner as to enhance their willingness to become independent as capable working persons.
- が内容的には、その名を冠された歌人以外の作品も含まれるなど不備は多いものの、和歌が撰集形式ではなく、個人の著作物として鑑賞される機運が高まってきたことを示す重要な事例であるといえる。
- Although there were discrepancies such as poets not originally named in the title appearing within the kashu, it could be interpreted as an important example of the shift in the readers' interest from reading anthologies to reading works of individual poets.
- また、マッチ箱程度の大きさのつき餅1個で飯茶碗1杯分のカロリーがあることや、個包装され保存が利く袋詰め商品であること、簡単に入手できることなどから災害時の非常食としても重宝されている。
- Tsuki-mochi is convenient as emergency food to be used when a disaster occurs, etc., because: a piece of tsuki-mochi of the size of a match box has a calorific value equal to that of a bowl of rice; bagged products are available in which each piece of tsuki-mochi is individually packaged and is able to be preserved for a long time; and tsuki-mochi is easily available.
- 酒の値段も、政府のさだめる公定価格によって統制されることになり、このことが太平洋戦争末期から戦後の混乱期にかけて別個に存在する実勢価格(闇値)で取引される素地を、すなわち闇市を作った。
- The price of sake was also controlled by an official price determined by the government, which led to the appearance of a black market where sake was sold at a real price (a black-market price) independently from the end of the Pacific War to the postwar chaotic times.
- だが、将軍徳川綱吉もまた個人的に基熙を嫌っていたために霊元院政に代わる近衛基熙体制も容認しがたく、幕府と関白が連携して院政(仙洞御所において行われる政治)を抑えるまでには至らなかった。
- However, Shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA personally was not fond of Motohiro and did not want to support the cloister government of the Retired Emperor Reigen or the government of Motohiro KONOE; thus there was no conspiracy for the government of Edo and kanpaku to work together in pressuring the cloister government (the government ruled from Sento-Imperial Palace).
- 吉野山の金峯山寺と山上ヶ岳の大峯山寺とは、近代以降は分離して別個の寺院になっているが、近世までは前者を「山下(さんげ)の蔵王堂」、後者を山上の蔵王堂と呼び、両者は不可分のものであった。
- Kinpusen-ji Temple in Mt. Yoshino and Ominesan-ji Temple in Mt. Sanjogatake have been divided into separate temples since modern times, but they had an inseparable relationship with each other with the former being called 'Sange no Zao-do' and the latter 'Sanjo no Zao-do.'
- 前各号に掲げるもののほか、個人の生命又は身体の保護、消費者の利益の擁護、環境の保全、公正な競争の確保その他の国民の生命、身体、財産その他の利益の保護にかかわる法律として政令で定めるもの
- Any Acts other than those provided for in the preceding Items that are provided for in a cabinet order as Acts concerning the protection of interests such as the protection of individuals' lives and bodies, the protection of interest of the consumers, the conservation of the environment, the protection of fair competition, and the protection of citizen's lives, bodies, property and other interests.
- 11世紀になるとこの流れに、各々の国内の荘園・国衙領への一律的な課税(一国平均役)の動きが加わり、荘園と郡、郷、保に再編成された国衙領を個々の収取単位とする体制(荘園公領制)が成立した。
- Entering the eleventh century, in addition to this trend, the trend of levying tax evenly on shoen (manors) and Kokugaryo (the territory governed by a provincial government office) (called Ikkoku heikinyaku) was also generated, and the system in which tax was collected from shoen and Kokugaryo, which had been reorganized into Gun, Sato (an area within Gun) and Ho (an area within Sato), (called shoen koryo sei) was established.
- 3. 「わざ」の性格上個人的特色が薄く、かつ、多数の者が体得している「わざ」が全体として1つの無形文化財を構成している場合に、その人々が構成員となっている団体を認定する「保持団体認定」。
- 3. 'Hojidantai nintei' refers to giving a group holder recognition to a group, when all members corporate to create intangible cultural property, bringing their individual skills altogether, rather than emphasizing each individuality.
- 現在公認の娼婦街はないが、大阪の飛田新地など、表向き料理旅館に転向したものの、客と仲居との個室内での自由恋愛の名目の元に、1958年以前と変わらない営業を継続している地域もいくつかある。
- No authorized prostitute streets exist at present, but there are some areas, such as Tobitashinchi in Osaka, where prostitute houses continue to provide the same services as before 1958, under the pretext of free love between a customer and a maid in a private room, by transforming themselves into a Japanese-style hotel outwardly.
- 熊本城の包囲が解けた4月23日、政府は参軍川村純義海軍中将を総司令官として別働第1旅団(旅団長高島鞆之助)・別働第3旅団2個大隊(田辺良顕中佐)を主力とする陸海軍混成軍を鹿児島に派遣した。
- On April 23 when the siege of Kumamoto Castle was released, the national government sent an army-and-navy-mixed troop whose main forces were composed of the detached 1st brigade (led by Commander Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA) and two battalions of the detached 3rd brigade (led by Lieutenant Colonel Yoshiaki TANABE) to Kagoshima with Sangun Sumiyoshi KAWAMURA, Vice Admiral of the Imperial Navy, as the Supreme Commander.
- 居宅において生活扶助を行う場合の保護金品は、世帯単位に計算し、世帯主又はこれに準ずる者に対して交付するものとする。但し、これによりがたいときは、被保護者に対して個々に交付することができる。
- The public assistance benefit in the case of providing livelihood assistance at home shall be calculated on a household basis and shall be delivered to the householder or a person equivalent thereto; provided, however, that if it is difficult to use this method, the public assistance benefit may be delivered to the public assistance recipient on an individual basis.
- ただし、近年では物部氏の居住跡から氏寺(渋川廃寺)の遺構などが発見され、物部氏を単純な廃仏派として分類することは難しく、個々の氏族の崇拝の問題でなく、国家祭祀の対立であったとする見方もある。
- However, due to the recent discovery of the remains of former Shibukawa-ji Temple, which was an Uji-dera Temple (temple built for praying for clan's glory) from the Mononobe clan's place of dwelling, it became difficult to categorize the clan as simply anti-Buddhist, and some say that it was a confrontation not over the matters of each clan's reverence, but over religious services over a national scale.
- 大阪市の周辺を見ると、京都市・神戸市・姫路市・和歌山市がそれぞれ中心機能を持って通勤・通学者を求心し、各々昼間人口が常住人口を越えているため、個別の都市圏を形成していると見なされている()。
- Since the cities of Kyoto, Kobe, Himeji and Wakayama, which surround Osaka, respectively function as a center and attract commuters going to work and school so that their daytime populations exceed their nighttime populations, they are taken to individually form metropolitan areas.
- 令では中宮職を担当の役所となし、『令義解』では「太皇太后……の宮また自ずから中宮なり」とし、中宮職をもって太皇太后に仕える根拠とするが、実際には中宮職と別個に太皇太后宮職をおいて奉仕させた。
- Ryo (administrative code) assigned Chugu-shiki (Office of the Consort's Household) to manage the Grand empress dowager's affairs, quoting Ryo no gige (commentary on the Ryo) as its legal basis which says that 'the Grand empress dowager is Chugu (Empress) accordingly', but, in fact, Taikotaigogu-shiki (Office of the grand empress dowager) was established to serve Grand empress dowager exclusively.
- これらのほとんどは捕鯨により激減したため今では稀にしか見られないが、現在でも多数のイルカ類や、少数だがヒゲクジラでは珍しく大規模な回遊を行わないミンククジラやナガスクジラの個体群も存在する。
- As the number of whales has been sharply decreased due to whaling, whale sightings are very rare these days but many delphinoid species and, among baleen whale species, small population of minke whales and fin whales that do not take on extensive migrations remain in existence today.
- ジュール・ブリュネは陸軍奉行・大鳥圭介の補佐役となり、4個「旅団」はフランス軍人(アルテュール・フォルタン、ジャン・マルラン、アンドレ・カズヌーヴ、フランソワ・ブッフィエ)を指揮官としていた。
- Jules Brunet was appointed as assistant of Keisuke OTORI Army Bugyo, and four 'brigades' were led by french commanders, Arthur Fortant, Jean Marlin, Andre Cazeneuve and François Bouffier.
- 木製短甲は、背側と胸(胴部)側を別個につくり、紐で綴じ合わせる型式のもので、弥生時代後期の静岡県浜松市伊庭遺跡の溝から出土し、古墳時代の実例は、奈良県橿原市坪井遺跡の前期の溝から出土している。
- The wooden Tanko used the form binding the back part and chest part (torso) made separately together by thread, unearthed from the ditch of Iba remains in Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture of the late Yayoi period, and from the ditch of Tsuboi remains in Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture of Tumulus period.
- また第二次世界大戦の敗戦国である日本の場合、かつて戦時国際法上、個人に対する戦争被害を敗戦国が補償する義務がなく、また連合国側が軍票の支払い義務を免除したため、後に国際問題になったことがある。
- When Japan was defeated in World War II, according to the international law of war at that time, defeated countries were not required to compensate for individual war damage and the Allies exempted Japan from the payment, which led to an international problem.
- いかに大奥が取締役の職掌を制度上定めたとしても、その実際の運用にあたっては結局のところ「お上のご寵愛」という、将軍個人の極めて私的な感情によって左右される要素が介在することを排除できなかった。
- Even if O-oku determined the authority of the administrator as a rule, the authority given in O-oku depended on the Shogun's private opinion and the O-oku could not stop the Shogun giving authority to his favorite.
- なお、台湾大学では、日本各地の小・中・高の教育を受けた中国国民党側の子弟の留学枠が存在し、中国語が拙いこれらの学生に対し、戦前に日本語で教育された教授陣が個人的に日本語で教育する例も見られた。
- Fixed number of places were perpared for children of Kuomintang Party members who received education in primary schools, junior high schools and high schools in Japan to study in Taiwan University as a student from overseas, and some professors who were educated in Japanese before World War II taught in Japanese these students who could not speak Chinese well.
- しかし、昭和50年代には、国鉄の頻発する運賃・料金の値上げとストライキに対する嫌気から、名古屋 - 大阪間においては、特に急がない個人客を中心に、新幹線から近鉄特急への乗客移行が多く見られた。
- However, from disgust at repeated increases in fares and fees and also at repeated strikes in the JNR lines in the decade starting in 1975, customers using the Kintetsu limited expresses, instead of the Shinkansen line, increased between Nagoya and Osaka, centered on the non-business customers who were not focused on the traveling time.
- 日本の合戦では戦闘時、上級武士の指揮下に少人数ずつの銃手(鉄砲足軽)が組織化されて、この戦闘単位ごとに勲功を競うといった運用形態をとっていたこともあり、個々の銃手の命中率が重要視されたのである。
- At the time of a battle in Japan, gunners (teppo-ashigaru, foot soldiers fighting with firearms) were organized in small groups under the command of high-ranking warriors, and these units vied for exploits of war, therefore accuracy rate of individual gunners was of high concern.
- しかし、「史記」「漢書」をはじめ、西晋の陳寿が書いた『三国志 (歴史書)』、宋 (南朝)の范曄が書いた『後漢書』、梁 (南朝)の沈約が書いた『宋書』など、当初の紀伝体史書はみな個人の撰であった。
- At first, the biographical annal histories written in those days, beginning with the 'Shiji' and the 'Hanshu', and including such works as the 'Annals of the Three Kingdoms' (the historical work, not the romance) by Western Jin historian Shou CHEN, the 'Hou Hanshu' (Later Book of Han) by Southern Liu Song historian Ye FAN, and the 'Songshu' (Book of Song) by the Southern Liang historian Yue SHEN, were all compiled privately, as personal efforts.
- 8世紀初頭に確立した律令制は、個人を徴税単位とする個別人身支配(人別支配)を基本原則としており、高度に体系化された律令法典・官僚制度・地方制度や古代の戸籍制度・計帳などを基盤として存立していた。
- The Ritsuryo system, which was established in early 8th century, adopted the principle of people-based governance (ruling individuals) and existed on the basis of the highly systematized Ritsuryo code of law/bureaucracy system/local administration system as well as the family registration system/keicho (yearly tax registers) etc.
- だが、国防方針の最終決定から首相を排除したことは、逆に政府から国防方針の実行を迫る保証が取れなくなってしまう事を意味し、実際に2個師団増設問題を財政問題を理由に拒絶されるなどの問題点も浮上した。
- To exclude the prime minister from the final decisions on the policy for national defense meant that the implementation of the policy could not be guaranteed by the government and, in fact, adding two more divisions was rejected due to the financial problem.
- 従って、個人が単に技能・資質が備わっているだけでは不十分で、実際の血縁関係、もしくは擬似血縁関係で結ばれた重代・譜第(譜代)であることが、道を有する家と認められるためには重要な要件とされていた。
- Therefore, to be recognized as a family with Michi, it was not sufficient that each member had the skill and quality but it was also necessary for it to have been continued from generation to generation in a blood relationship or by marriage.
- 最近の説では、稲作の伝播が朝鮮半島では北方を伝わって紀元前2千年紀頃であるのに対して日本への伝播時期が南方を通じて紀元前3500年頃であるというものもあり、だとすれば一層両者は別個の物と言える。
- According to the recent theory, whereas the rice cropping was introduced via the northern route to the Korean Peninsula around B.C. 2,000, it was introduced via the southern route to Japan around B.C. 3,500, and if this is true, they can be said to be different things.
- 労働委員会は、前項第二号の規定により物件の提出を命ずる処分(以下「物件提出命令」という。)をするかどうかを決定するに当たつては、個人の秘密及び事業者の事業上の秘密の保護に配慮しなければならない。
- The Labor Relations Commission shall, when deciding whether or not to issue an order to submit articles pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph, item 2 (hereinafter referred to as the "order to submit articles"), take into consideration the protection of personal secrets and business secrets of business operators.
- 岩崎は決して公然とは言わなかったが(伝統的な日本女性は一番奥にある個人的感情は表に出さないと西洋では思われているが)、ゴールデンの本は岩崎の過去の幸せな出来事の歪んだ見解を読むようなものだった。
- Although Iwasaki never mentioned this in public (it is believed in the West that a traditional Japanese woman would not show her innermost personal feelings), Golden's book was a distorted description of the happiest events in her past.
- 俳句以前の連歌・俳諧の時代には「もがな」「し」「ぞ」「か」「よ」「せ」「れ」「つ」「ぬ」「へ」「ず」「いかに」「じ」「け」「らん」など、先の3個と合わせ、計18種類の助詞、助動詞が使われていた。
- In the era of the renga and the haikai prior to the haiku, a total of 18 types of particles and auxiliary verbs were used such as 'mogana,' 'shi,' 'zo,' 'ka,' 'yo,' 'se,' 're,' 'tsu,' 'nu,' 'he,' 'zu,' 'ikani,' 'ji,' 'ke,' and 'ran,' including the three mentioned above.
- 律令体制では律令法の規定のもと太政官で政務がおこなわれていたわけであるが、中世においては個々の交渉過程や処理の蓄積が規定となって政務がおこなわれたのであり、それらの蓄積が法的根拠となったのである。
- While Dajokan (Grand Council of State) handled government affairs under provisions of ritsuryo law in the ritsuryo system, accumulation of individual negotiation processes and cases served as provisions in doing government affairs in medieval period and such accumulation was the legal basis.
- 頼朝配下の東国武士団は独立心が強く、同族程度の団結以外に大きな一つの組織に結集する事を知らず、戦では個々の功名にはやって各個撃破されるような体であったものを、頼朝は御家人として一つにまとめ上げた。
- Togoku Samurai under Yoritomo's command had strong independent spirit that they did not know a unity above a family and were defeated one by one in the battle, as they were impetuous for their own distinction, but Yoritomo had unified them as gokenin.
- このような事例を受領層の苛政の表れと評価する意見もあるが、個別の事例を見ると受領が法令どおりに課税した例が圧倒的に多く、むしろ受領の方が遵法的であり、田堵負名層が私益を主張していることが判っている。
- Although there is an opinion that such cases reveal the harsh governance by the zuryo, when each case is looked at closely, clearly a great majority of the zuryo imposed tax according to the regulations, which shows that the zuryo were more law-abiding while the tato fumyo pursued their own interests.
- さらに滋賀県東近江市五個荘町の小幡人形などには通信使人形(正確には唐人人形、 随行員である小童や楽隊の人形)があり、異国より献上された象などとともに当時の人気キャラクターであったことがうかがわれる。
- Furthermore, Obata dolls in Gokasho-cho, Higashiomi City, Shiga Prefecture include Tsushinshi dolls (correctly, tojin (Chinese) dolls): the dolls of children and those of a music band), suggesting that they were popular at that time together with elephants presented by a foreign country.
- 実朝の代になっても様々な場面で政子が決定的な役割を担っていることも多く、もしこれをそのまま事実であったとするならば、北条氏を含めた東国御家人勢力とは別個に調停者としての政子の個性も認めねばなるまい。
- Even during the reign of Sanetomo, Masako played a decisive role in various occasions, and if this was all true, the unique presence of Masako as an arbitrator should be acknowledged, along with the forces of vassals in the togoku including the Hojo clan.
- その上で、「これを肖像権と称するかどうかは別として、少なくとも、警察官が、正当な理由もないのに、個人の容ぼう等を撮影することは、「憲法13条の趣旨に反し、許されないものと言わなければならない」とした。
- Moreover it stated 'Apart from whether or not such right can be referred to as right of portrait, it must be said at least that if a police officer, without a good reason, has photographed the appearance, etc. of a citizen, such an act should be regarded as being in violation of the purport of Article 13 of the Constitution and therefore it is unallowable.'
- 今日の多く個人主義の日に発達し、ニヒリストさへ輩出する時代に於ては特に緊要重大にして欠くべからず」という論が出され、これを機に南北朝のどちらの皇統が正統であるかを巡り帝国議会での政治論争にまで発展した。
- In these days of individualism, where even nihilists are appearing, this is a matter of great urgency and importance,' which led to a political debate in the Imperial Diet about whether the Southern or the Northern Court was legitimate.
- だが、西園寺家当主の個人的関係(大覚寺統側との不仲)から次第に持明院統よりの態度を取るようになると大覚寺統は申次を無視して幕府との直接交渉を展開するようになり、14世紀に入ると急速に求心力を失っていく。
- However, when Kanto moshitsugi gradually sided more with Jimyoin-to due to a private relationship of the head of the Saionji family and Daikakuji-to (the head was on bad terms with Daikakuji-to), Daikakuji-to came to communicate with the bakufu directly, and Kanto moshitsugi came to lose its power rapidly as the 14-th century started.
- 第五十三条(第五十三条の三から第五十四条の二までにおいて準用する場合を含む。)の規定により登録を取り消し、又は製造時等検査、性能検査、個別検定若しくは型式検定の業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命じたとき。
- Where the cancellation of registration was made under the provisions of Article 53 (including the case where the same provisions are applied mutatis mutandis in Article 53-3 through Article 54-2), or where the suspension of the whole or part of the service of the manufacturing inspection, etc., the regular inspection, the individual examination or the type examination.
- その様な時代での養賢は、個体としていつの時代も普遍的にありうる吃音という障害からくる、精神的な不遇と、価値観が大きく変動する時代的な不安定さのなかで、自分の将来や普遍性に対して価値観を構築できなかった。
- In such a period, Yoken was unable to build a sense of values about his own future and universality both due to the mental adversity caused by his disability, a stammer, which can occur to any individual in any period, and due to the instability of the time, when values were fluctuating drastically.
- 当時の社会ならではの制約・お約束的展開はあるものの、本来的個人的性質と社会的に期待される役割との差異を浮き彫りにする本作品は、ジェンダーという枠を越えて、近代的小説に近い重要な要素を持つと言われている。
- Though it contains a conventional and banal plot that was often seen in those days, the work is said to have an important element that makes the story more like a modern novel beyond the matter of gender, exposing the difference between a human's innate nature and his or her social role.
- しかし、実際には領主の財政状況や所領や個々の土地の条件などによってまちまちであり、かつ分・厘・毛単位まで定められている場合が多かった(特に上方では厘毛単位まで免を定めたために、免を「厘取り」とも称した)。
- Although it actually varied depending on the financial condition of a feudal lord, the feudal estate or each land condition, and the rate was often defined in tenths, hundredths or thousandths, and in the Kyoto-Osaka area, Men was called 'Rin tori' (literally, collecting in units of Rin) because the rate was fixed to Rin.
- しかし十数個同時に出土する例は「大変事」の規模にあわせたために大量に埋納したのか、全国各地で出土するのは全国規模で弥生時代を通して「大変事」が頻発したのか、等を埋納状況などを踏まえた上で考える必要がある。
- However, the states of a burial need to be still considered: whether the case of discovering over ten dotaku from one site shows such many were buried in accordance with the scale of the 'great happening,' or whether the case of the concurrent burials all over the country show the 'great happening' occurred on a nationwide scale during the Yayoi period.
- 受領の任期は通常4年であったが、院らは持ち回りによって毎年のように別個の令制国の受領を任じた(4ヶ国の知行国があれば、毎年別の国の受領を推挙・任命することになる)ために「年分受領」とも呼ばれるようになった。
- Although the term of a zuryo was usually four years, recipients took turns appointing zuryo to different provinces every year (if a zuryo controlled four provinces, the recipients could recommend and appoint a zuryo in a different province every year) causing zuryo to be called 'nenbun zuryo.'
- そこでは、自己と社会、自己と宇宙は、理という普遍的原理を通して結ばれており(理一分殊)、自己修養(修己)による理の把握から社会秩序の維持(治人)に到ることができるとする、個人と社会を統合する思想を提唱した。
- In this learning system, the thought of unification of an individual and the society was advocated, that is the self and the society, and the self and the universe were tied together by 'Li' as universal principles (Chinese philosophical theory in which it is believed that the universe and one are connected through his reason), and that the maintenance of social order (governing people) could be achieved through understanding of 'Li' through self-discipline.
- 道満が上京し晴明と内裏で争い負けた方が弟子になるという呪術勝負を持ちかけたことにより、帝は大柑子を16個入れた長持を占術当事者である両名には見せずに持ち出させ「中に何が入っているかを占え」とのお題を与えた。
- Doman came to Kyoto with a proposal that the loser of a game of magic between him and Seimei performed at the Imperial Palace become the student of the winner whereby the emperor had a chest containing 16 large oranges brought out hidden from the view of the 2 competitors and said, 'Tell what is inside.'
- 外記の職務日記として「外記日記」が書かれて後日の参考としたが、平安時代後期には律令制の弛緩に加え、外記が職務に関する事項を個人の日記に記して外部に秘して、外記の世襲化と公的権威の付与を促したために衰微した。
- Geki kept the business diary 'Geki Nikki' for future reference; but in the latter half of the Heian period, because the ritsuryo legal code system was loosened and Geki became to keep the matters regarding the official duties in their personal diaries to conceal the matters from outside so as to require the inheritance right of Geki and public authority, Geki consequently declined.
- 河内祥輔は東国独立論の存在を否定(平広常の個人的意見でしかないと)する立場から、頼朝の立場を平家政権の支配からの独立とそれに代わる朝廷との関係構築を求めて、一貫して後白河法皇との直接交渉を望んだ点を重視する。
- From the standpoint that denies the existence of the argument about the independence of the Togoku region (and regards it as only a personal opinion of TAIRA no Hirotsune), Shosuke KOUCHI focuses on the fact that Yoritomo consistently desired to negotiate directly with the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa seeking independence from the ruling of the Heike government and the relationship building with the Imperial Court in lieu thereof.
- これの危険な点は、例えば天皇に取り入った者が天皇の名を借りて実状にそぐわない法令をだしても、そのまま施行されてしまうという危険性があるというように、天皇を個人的に手に入れた者が政策の意思決定が可能な点にある。
- The dangerous aspect of it is the political decision-making can be possible for someone who get possession of emperor, for example, if someone who insinuated oneself into the emperor establish unreasonable regulations in the name of the emperor, there's possibility that it can become effective directly.
- 京都の撮影所の俳優会館には大物俳優のみが個室を持つ事が許されるとされ、里見浩太朗、北大路欣也、松方弘樹他数名が現在占有しているとされているが、たった一人だけ来ないのに名札の掛かっているのは高倉健であるという。
- In Haiyu-Kaikan Hall at the Kyoto studio, it is said that only major stars are permitted to occupy rooms exclusively; the current members of such a privileged class are Kotaro SATOMI, Kinya KITAOJI, Hiroki MATSUKATA and some others, however, Ken TAKAKURA is the only person to have never used the room even though his name plate remains on the door of his room.
- 670年(天智9)の古代の戸籍制度庚午(こうご)の年籍(こうごのねんじゃく)以後、すべての人民が戸籍に登録されるようになると、部称は個人の姓として残され、以後は代々父系によって継承されることになったのである。
- After the enforcement of Koko no Nenjaku, which was the ancient family registration system in 670, every citizen registered their name on the family register, and the name of the be was left as an individual's surname and afterwards it was succeeded for generations by the paternal line.
- 流儀とは、一言でいえば、あるものをどう行うか(敵とどう戦うか、ある戯曲をどう演じるか)ということについて個人の一代の技能でなく、ある一定の技術論に基づく技術が、集団的、伝統的に共有されている技能共同体を指す。
- To put it simply, ryugi is not one person's techniques for doing a certain thing (such as how to fight against enemies and how to perform a play) which last only in his lifetime, but fellowship in which a group of people traditionally share techniques based on a certain art theory.
- 雌猫は交尾の際、雄猫に皮を引っ掛かれてしまうため雌猫の皮を用いる場合は交尾未経験の個体を選ぶ事が望ましいと言われているが、実際には交尾前の若猫の皮は薄い為、傷の治ったある程度の厚みの有る皮を使用することが多い。
- When the skin of a female-cat is used for shamisen, it is said that a virgin cat is ideal because she-cats get their skin scratched by tomcats during mating; in fact, the skin of young female-cats before mating is too thin, so a slightly thick skin after the scratch healed is often used.
- もっと個人主義的な次の世代となると、上の世代からそのような話を聞かされているので、「酒とは恐ろしいものだ。関わってなるものか」というある種の固定観念を深いところで持ち、若者のアルコール離れが進んでいくのである。
- Since the next more individualistic generations were told such stories by older generations, they had a strong fixed thinking that 'liquor was dangerous. I never drink it,' and as a result, young people avoided alcohol.
- これは、古代においては、父系のみならず母系の血縁を由来とする氏族としての結合もあり、1個人が複数の血縁集団に属する可能性もあったために、地縁などの要素が加味されて所属する祭祀圏が決定されたものと考えられている。
- It is considered that, one person might also belong to a plurality of blood-related groups in the ancient days because connections as a family originated from blood relations not only in the paternal line but also in the maternal line were also existed and, therefore, elements such as local relations were added and a festival zone to which one person belongs was determined.
- 同学会は天皇来学に際し、(当時の左翼勢力の主流がしていたように)天皇制反対を声高に訴えるのでなく「歓迎もしなければ拒否もしない」「(天皇を)一個人として迎える」という態度を取り、学生と天皇との会見を要求していた。
- For the Emperor's visit, Dogakukai took a position of 'We will neither welcome nor reject his visit' and 'We will receive (the Emperor) as an individual,' rather than vociferously appealing the abolition of the Imperial system (unlike other left-wing organizations which did so), and requested to meet the Emperor.
- 加藤内閣は陸軍4個師団の廃止や予算一億円の削減、有爵議員のうち、伯・子・男の数を150名に減らすなどの貴族院改革、幣原喜重郎の幣原外交によるソビエト連邦との国交樹立、普通選挙法の制定など、多くの改革が行なわれた。
- The KATO cabinet embarked on a wide range of reforms that included; the elimination of four army divisions and thereby the cut in the military budget by 100 million yen, the House of Peers reform involving the reduction of the count, viscount and baron members, among titled members, to 150, the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union based on the so-called Shidehara diplomacy by Kijuro SHIDEHARA, the enactment of the Universal Manhood Suffrage Law.
- この平安朝古筆を同筆・同系統で分類すると、「発展期の古筆」(男性的書風)、「完成期の古筆」(古典主義的書風)、「爛熟期の古筆」(ロマン主義的書風)、「移行期の古筆」(個性的書風と直截的書風)に分けることができる。
- Heian court ancient calligraphy is divided, based on style on lineage, into the 'developmental period' (masculine style calligraphy), the 'complete period'' (classic style calligraphy), the 'mature period' (romantic style calligraphy), and the 'transitional period' (individual style and straightforward style calligraphy).
- 都に届けられた貞任の首級に降人となった郎党が泣きながらクシで髪を整えたこと、老武士の佐伯経範の奮戦死、安倍則任の妻の幼子を抱いての投身等。個人の印象的な説話により、単なる合戦記録を超えた文学として評価されている。
- The diary is praised as a work that surpasses simple war records for its impressive stories of individuals such as those of Sadato's followers who had surrendered used a comb to, while in tears, tidy the hair of his decapitated head after it arrived in the capital; the death of an old samurai named Tsunenori SAEKI who died after fighting bravely; ABE no Norito's wife who jumped to her death with her baby in her arms.
- 昔からある観光ガイドとは、個人が主体という点で異なり、(これまでの概念の)観光のプロではない人たちが担っているという点でエコツアー、ネイチャーツアーなどでみられるほぼシステム化された専門の有料ガイドとも区別される。
- The role differs from traditional tourist guides as the focus is on the individual, and tours are conducted by those who are differentiated from tourism industry professionals such as those organize specialist fee-charging guides who conduct eco and nature excursions.
- 個別の国司苛政上訴事案を観察すると、訴えられた国司らは、慣例で免除されていた税目を法令どおりに課税したり、当時よく発令された天皇代替わり新制に伴う地方税制に則った課税を行ったりと、彼らの遵法的な行政姿勢が見て取れる。
- Examining individual cases of Kokushi kasei joso, we can find law-abiding administrative stances of the sued Kokushi; some legally levied tax items not collected by customs or others levied local taxes, often collected in those days under a new system by the change of the emperors.
- 9世紀末~10世紀初年に醍醐天皇及び藤原時平が主導した律令制復活の最後の試みである延喜の治が失敗に終わると、次代の朱雀天皇及び藤原忠平は、個別人身支配を基調とする体制から土地課税基調の体制へと大きな政策転回を行った。
- When the Engi no chi (Reign of the Emperor Daigo), the last attempt for reviving the Ritsuryo system led by the Emperor Daigo and FUJIWARA no Tokihira during the period from the end of the 9th century to the early 10th century, ended in failure, the emperor Suzaku, his successor, and FUJIWARA no Tadahira made a bold policy change from the principle of people-based governance to that of tax on land.
- 民間信仰における女性の神格性(女神)とは些か趣を異としており、天女自身が超常の力を持つという描写は少なく、地上へは専ら何らかの連絡か個人的な用事(水浴びなど)のために訪れるというだけで、その存在自体は比較的俗である。
- There is a slight difference in meaning between tennyo and the deification of females (goddesses) in folk beliefs; tennyo themselves are rarely portrayed as having supernatural powers, and because they visit the human world only to give messages and to take care of personal tasks (such as bathing), their existence itself is relatively mundane.
- 逆に言えば、これに当てはまらない者が地下人にあたるわけであるが、原則的には当然に勅許を得られるはずの公卿であっても政治的・個人的理由で勅許を得られない者も地下人であり、これを「地下の公卿」・「地下の上達部」と呼んだ。
- Conversely, those who do not match these conditions are Jigenin--A high ranked noble, who should have been given imperial sanction according to the principle but was not given due to political or personal reasons, was classified as Jigenin, called 'a high ranked noble of Jige' 'kandachime of Jige'.
- 高原奪還を目指す薩軍は7月17日、堀与八郎を全軍指揮長とし雷撃隊・鵬翼隊・破竹隊などの9個中隊を正面・左右翼・霞権現攻撃軍(鵬翼三番隊)の4つに分け、深夜に植松を発ち、正面・左右翼軍は暁霧に乗じて高原の官軍を奇襲した。
- On July 17, the Satsuma army, aiming at taking back Takahara, appointed Yohachiro HORI to Commander of all the forces and divided the nine companies from the troops including the Raigeki-tai troop, the Hoyoku-tai troop, and the Hachiku-tai troop into four units of the front, left, and right flanks, and the troop to attack Kasumi-gongen (the 3rd troop of the Hoyoku-tai troop), dispatched them from Uematsu in the midnight, and made the front, left and right flank troops launch a surprise attack on the government army in Takahara by taking the opportunity of the fog at the dawn.
- 個人タクシーではアマチュア無線を装備している人もおり(“タクシー業者でハム”という人が集まって、「無線クラブ」を作ったり、クラブの名義でアマチュア無線社団局を開設したりしている場合もある。)空車中は雑談を楽しんでいる。
- There are some privately owned taxis equipped with ham radio equipment to enjoy a chitchat while the taxi is not in service (some people who are taxi driver-cum-radio ham often get together to form a 'ham radio club' or establish an amateur radio station).
- ところで、古今和歌集巻七の賀歌22首のうち18首は、特定の個人の具体的な祝い(ほとんどが算賀だが出生慶賀もある)に際して詠まれたものだが、最初の4首は読み人知らずで、作歌年代も古いと見られ、歌が作られた事情もわからない。
- In Volume seven of the Kokin-Wakashu, eighteen wakas out of twenty-two gaka were made on the occasion of concrete celebrations of specific individuals (most of them for longevity, but some were for celebrating birth.), the author is not known for the first four wakas and they seem to have been made in an older time and under a situation which is not known.
- 法第三十三条第一項の規定による許可を受けた者が法第三十条第一項の規定による許可を申請するときは、法人にあつては第三項第一号イからニまでに掲げる書類を、個人にあつては同項第二号イ及びロに掲げる書類を添付することを要しない。
- If a person who has received the license provided by Article 33, paragraph 1 of the Act applies for the license provided by Article 30, paragraph 1 of the Act, such applicant shall not be required to attach the documents provided by paragraph 3, item 1, (a) to (d) inclusive in case of a juridical person, and the documents provided by the same paragraph, item 2, (a) and (b) in case of an individual.
- 特に律令制に基づいて統治が行われた奈良時代は、古代からの地方首長の末裔である郡司層の首長権に由来する権威を利用しつつ、国司四等官の主催する国衙機構が、戸籍を編纂して朝廷の統治領域全体に個別の人別支配の網を張り巡らしていた。
- Especially in the Nara period when the nation was governed based on the Ritsuryo system, the system of kokuga (the region the provincial governor of the Ritsuryo system ruled), which was managed by kokushi shitokan (four officials of the provincial governor), extended individual dominance by person throughout areas ruled by the Imperial court by preparing census while taking advantage of authorities originated from chieftaincy of the Gunji (local magistrates) who were scion of the regional chiefs.
- かつては古文書類も「書跡・典籍」の部に含まれていたが、1985年(昭和60年)度から「書跡・典籍」の部と「古文書」の部は別個に指定されるようになり、既指定物件についても「書跡・典籍」と「古文書」とにあらためて区分されている。
- At one time the category 'Ancient Documents' was included as a subcategory of 'Calligraphy and Books,' but beginning in 1985, 'Calligraphy and Books' and 'Ancient Documents' were separated into two distinct categories; this new distinction was then retroactively applied to all the items formerly designated national treasures, putting each into either the 'Calligraphy and Books' or the 'Ancient Documents' category.
- 領主(実際には領主の家政機関である政所・公文所)が作成する算用状は、支配状・下行状・納下状などと呼ばれ、個々の荘園の荘園の年貢の収納状況からその年の収支見通しを立てて支配(下行(げぎょう))の方針を支持するために用いられた。
- The sanyojo drawn up by the ryoshu (practically, ryoshu's general administrative body, mandokoro - administrative board, and kumonjo - administrative office) was called shihai jo, gegyo jo, noge jo, and used for estimating revenue and expenditure for the year based on collection of nengu from the shoen and supporting the management (gegyo) policy.
- また、特定個人のために作られた書籍として、菅原是善が皇太子時代の文徳天皇に授けた『東宮切韻』(散逸)、源順が勤子内親王に授けた『和名類聚抄』、源為憲が尊子内親王に授けた『三宝絵詞』、同人が藤原誠信に授けた『口遊』などがある。
- There were also books created for particular people such as 'Togusetsuin' (Dissipation) offered to the Emperor Montoku during his crown prince days by SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi, 'Wamyo Ruijusho' offered to Imperial Princess Isoko by MINAMOTO no Shitago, 'Sambo Ekotoba' offered to Imperial Princess Sonshi by MINAMOTO no Tamenori, and 'Kuchizusami' offered to FUJIWARA no Sanenobu also by MINAMOTO no Tamenori.
- 施行を翌年に控えた1892年(明治25年)、法典論争はピークに達し、施行延期派は天皇制に絡めて日本の伝統を基にした論陣をはり個人主義的な施行断行派を批判し、施行断行派はフランス法的自然法思想と市民法理論をもって反論を加えた。
- In 1892, one year before the effectuation, the dispute over legal codes reached its peak: Seko-danko-ha Group, taking a firm stand on Japanese tradition related to the Emperor system, criticized individualistic Seko-enki-ha Group, while Seko-danko-ha Group put up an argument with the thought of French law-like natural law and the civil code theory.
- 石原慎太郎は、毎日新聞(1999年3月13日付)のインタビューにて「日の丸は好きだけれど、君が代って歌は嫌いなんだ、個人的には。歌詞だってあれは一種の滅私奉公みたいな内容だ。新しい国歌を作ったらいいじゃないか」と答えている。
- In interview with Mainichi Newspapers (March 13, 1999), Shintaro ISHIHARA replied, 'Personally, I like Hinomaru (Japan's national flag) but I dislike Kimigayo. Its words have contents that hint a type of self-annihilation for the sake of one's nation. It might be a good idea to prepare new national anthem.'
- 薬莢基部は単純な構造であるため、個人レベルの小規模な量であれば家内生産で製造できなくもないが、小規模とはいえ軍が戦闘で使用する量を確保するには専用の大量生産設備が不可欠であり、同様の設備は当時の日本国内には存在していなかった。
- Since the base of the cartridge has a simple structure, domestic production may supply enough for a small amount of individual use, but equipment for mass-producing the cartridge case was required to supply for an army, if small, to use in battle; and there was no equipment in Japan equivalent to that in Kagoshima in those days.
- つまり、弥生時代の個々の村落を統合する新しい支配者が現れる等して人々がより大きな集団を構成する際に、それまでのそれぞれの共同体の祭儀から専制的権力者の祭儀への変化が起き、各々の村落で使われていた銅鐸を埋納したというものである。
- It means that when larger groups of people were organized by a new ruler that integrated individual villages of the Yayoi period, changes occurred in the ceremonial style from one of each community to one of a man with absolute power, leading to burial of dotaku that had been used in each village.
- 京都市の各区に属する公称町名を列挙した「京都市区の所管区域条例」(昭和24年4月1日京都市条例第7号)に掲げる町数は上記とほぼ一致するが、同条例では区の北東端に位置する「東小物座町」と「東小物座町附属」を別個の町名としている。
- The number of towns listed in the 'Municipal Ordinance of Jurisdiction Districts of Kyoto City' (Act No. 7 of Kyoto Municipal Ordinance, April 1, 1949) which enumerates official town names that belong to each of the wards in Kyoto City, roughly matches the number mentioned above, but within the same ordinance, 'Higashi Komonoza-cho' and 'Higashi Komonoza-cho Fuzoku' which are located in the north eastern part of the Higashiyama Ward are regarded as individual town names.
- その中には、下枝が雪の重みで接地することで茎伏せし、やがて一個体として独立して増殖する、多雪地帯に特有の伏条更新を行うことで知られるアシウスギやアシウテンナンショウのように「芦生」の地名を冠した学術上貴重な植物が含まれている。
- They include academically important plants whose names include the geographical name of 'Ashiu,' such as Ashiu-sugi (Cryptomeria japonica var. radicans) and Ashiu-tennansho (Arisaema robustum var. ovale) that produce their offspring in the following way specific to areas with heavy snowfall: When snow accumulates on their lower branches, they come to touch the ground due to the weight of the snow, causing this part to become independent and grow on its own from the ground.
- 山上と山下の蔵王堂は20数キロメートル離れており、現在では別個の寺院になっているが、両者は元来「金峯山寺」という一つの修験寺院の一部であり、現在のように吉野山の金峯山寺と山上ヶ岳の大峯山寺とに分かれるのは近代以降のことである。
- The upper and lower main halls are separated by a distance of over 20 km and have now become two distinct temples but their separation into Kinpusen-ji Temple on Mt. Yoshino and Ominesan-ji Temple on Mt. Sanjo is a modern development and both were originally part of the single Shugendo temple named 'Kinpusen-ji Temple.'
- この姓(カバネ)は、後世での扱われ方からヤマト王権当初から氏族単位に賦与(ふよ)されていたと考えられていたが、実証的な文献研究により、ヤマト王権当初の姓(カバネ)は個人単位で付与されていたことが明らかとなったと主張する人がいる。
- It was believed that the kabane were given to each clan from the beginning of Yamato sovereignty; however, based on the research of historical records, some strongly suggest that they were given to individuals in the beginning of Yamato sovereignty.
- 足高の制によって、役職を退任すれば石高は旧来の額に戻るため、幕府の財政的な負担が軽減できるというのが最大の利点であった(ただし、遠国奉行は出費の機会が他の役職よりも多いことを考慮されて足高の有無を問わずに役料が別個に支給された)。
- The greatest benefit of Tashidaka system was that a financial load of the bakufu would be reduced because an amount of yield was returned to the past amount after retiring from a post under this system (however, taking it into consideration that ongoku-bugyo [the collective name of the magistrates placed at important areas directly controlled by the government in the Edo period] had more opportunities of spending expenses than people at other posts, yakuryo [executive allowance] was supplied separately whether or not tashidaka [wage] was paid).
- 【参考】『資料 御雇外国人』(1975)には1868(明治1年)から1889年(明治22年)までに日本の公的機関・私的機関・個人が雇用した外国籍の者の数として2,299人の名前が挙げられている(注:家族や在外公館の雇用者も含む)。
- Reference: The 1975 document entitled 'Shiryo: Oyatoi-gaikokujin'(Document on Hired Foreigners) lists the names of 2,299 people with foreign nationalities who were employed by Japanese public and private institutions as well as by individuals between 1868 and 1889 (the list includes the names of families and employees at the foreign diplomatic missions).
- 京都市における定期観光バスの特徴として一番に挙げられるのは、入場料や食事代がセットになっていることから、人気の観光スポットがほぼ待ち時間なしで入場できる点や、個人旅行ではまず入場不可能なところへのコースを設けられていることにある。
- As the typical features of the regular tour bus in Kyoto City, it is prepared as a set with entrance fee and meal so that people are able to get in to the popular sightseeing spot without waiting time, and it makes a course which is not able to enter as individual tour.
- その名の由来はさいころを2個振り、双方とも最大値である6のゾロ目がいかに出るかが形勢を左右したゲームであったため、「雙六」あるいは異字体として「双六」という字が当てられるようになった(「雙」・「双」は同じ意味を持つ)という説がある。
- One theory shows that the name, Sugoroku was derived from '雙六' or '双六', literary double sixes, because in the Sugoroku game, the maximum numbers on the two dices, which were used in the game, controls the situation.('雙' and '双' have the same meaning, double).
- 記紀の登場人物では最も長命の人間で、一人の人物とは考えられず、親子が何代かが同じ名前をついだもの、あるいは個人ではなくある種の人間集団の事跡を一人の人物の事柄に仮託して描かれたものではないかとする仮説も唱えられているが、確かではない。
- He has the longest life span of any character recorded in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki - too long for a single person, which led some people to hypothesize that he may have been created as an imaginary character representing a certain group of people; however, this remains uncertain.
- 工芸科学部1学部で構成される工科大学で、それ程大きな規模の大学ではないが、バイオ、材料、情報、環境などの先端科学技術分野から造形・デザインまでの幅広い分野において、ものづくりを基盤とした「実学」を目指した個性ある教育研究を行っている。
- Kyoto Institute of Technology (KIT) has only one school, that is, School of Science and Technology, so it's not that big in scale, but its education and research are unique in pursuing 'practical science' based on creating products, ranging widely from the cutting-edge science and technology, such as biotechnology, material, information, and environment, to formative arts and design.
- 義満が庇護していた世阿弥を遠ざけ(ただし、これは義持個人の趣味の問題とする説もある)、朝廷からの父義満に対する太上天皇の追号を辞退し、1411年(応永18)には朝貢形式に対して反発の声もあった日明貿易(勘合貿易)を取り止めるなどした。
- He alienated Zeami, whom Yoshimitsu took under his wing (however, this is also said to be a matter of Yoshimochi's personal interest), declined the posthumous title as ex-Emperor offered to his father Yoshimitsu, from the Imperial court, and ended the trade with Ming dynasty China (Kango trade), of which tribute style had faced some opposition, in 1411.
- 前条の事項についての短時間労働者と事業主との間の紛争については、個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百十二号)第四条、第五条及び第十二条から第十九条までの規定は適用せず、次条から第二十四条までに定めるところによる。
- The provisions of Article 4, Article 5 and Articles 12 to 19 inclusive of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labour-Related Disputes (Act No. 112 of 2001) shall not apply to a dispute between a Part-Time Worker and his/her employer with regard to the matters set forth in the preceding Article, which shall be applied based on the provisions of Article 21 to 24 inclusive.
- 演歌が中高年のみの支持に限定されてきたことや、素人がカラオケで歌いやすいことが尊ばれ、北島三郎のように圧倒的な声量や歌唱力を誇る歌手や、森進一のように独特な声質と歌唱法をもつ個性的な歌手が実力を発揮しにくくなり、テレビへの露出が減少した。
- Enka music had been supported by only middle-aged and elderly people and it became harder for singers with powerful voices and outstanding vocal ability, such as Saburo KITAJIMA, and unique singers with distinctive quality of voice and vocalization, such as Shinichi MORI, to display their talents as people had valued easy songs for amateurs to sing in karaoke, and thus enka music had less TV exposure.
- 現在では社会経済史的視点からの研究や戦国大名武田氏の権力構造の解明、家臣団の個別研究のほか、財政や治水事業、軍事や外交、交通や都市問題、商職人支配や郷村支配、宗教など各分野における実証的研究や民俗学的アプローチなど研究の地平が広っている。
- At present, empirical as well as ethnological studies are being conducted on various themes, including socio-economic history, power structure of the Sengoku daimyo Takeda clan, individual study of vassals, finance, flood prevention projects, military and foreign affairs, urban problem, ruling of merchants/craftsmen, ruling of villages and religion etc.
- また型としても市川団十郎 (9代目)や尾上菊五郎 (6代目)のものとそう大きく変わるところはないため、むしろ十五代目市村羽左衛門の稀有な個性と仁によって生みだされた特色ある役を列挙した「十五代目市村羽左衛門の十八番」的な性格のほうが濃い。
- Furthermore, their style is not greatly different from that of Danjuro ICHIKAWA the ninth and of Kikugoro ONOUE the sixth, and so they have more of a feature of 'Uzaemon ICHIMURA the fifteenth's Ohako (favorite stunts)' listing distinctive roles created by his unsurpassed individuality and benevolence.
- 工芸技術分野において、工芸技術の性格上個人的特色が薄く、かつ、当該工芸技術を保持する者が多数いる場合において、これらの者が主たる構成員となっている団体としてとして認定されているもの、すなわち、保持団体認定は、以下の14件・14団体である。
- When technical arts are not individualistic within their field, and there are many holders of the art, the following 14 subjects or 14 groups are certified as the groups as key members, meaning they hold the Preservation Group Certification.
- 御親兵導入の経緯などからすれば、士族兵制論者と見るのが妥当であるが、山縣有朋の失脚後も西郷は山縣の徴兵制構想をそのまま継続させたことから、親兵・近衛を通じて形成された山縣に対する西郷の個人的信頼から徴兵令実施を受け入れたと考えられている。
- As a supporter of the military system of a warrior class, it is proper that, due to the situation involving the introduction of the Goshimpei (army to form a convoy to the Emperor) Saigo continued Yamagata's plan of the conscription system after Aritomo YAMAGATA lost his position, so it is of concern that Saigo himself trusted Yamagata, who formed the Goshimpei (army to convoy the Emperor) and Konoe, then accepted the effects of the Conscription Ordinance.
- 市町村審査会、都道府県審査会若しくは不服審査会の委員又はこれらの委員であった者が、正当な理由なしに、職務上知り得た自立支援給付対象サービス等を行った者の業務上の秘密又は個人の秘密を漏らしたときは、一年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
- If a committee of municipal examination boards, prefectural examination boards, or appeal examination boards, or a ex-committee thereof divulges trade secrets of those who conducted object service for Payment for Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities, or personal secrets, etc. which they may come to possess in the course of duties, without just causes, the person shall be punished by less than imprisonment with work of 1 year or fine of less than 1,000,000 yen.
- 個人の生命又は身体の保護、消費者の利益の擁護、環境の保全、公正な競争の確保その他の国民の生命、身体、財産その他の利益の保護にかかわる法律として別表に掲げるもの(これらの法律に基づく命令を含む。次号において同じ。)に規定する罪の犯罪行為の事実
- Fact of criminal act provided for in the Acts (including the orders based on those Acts; the same shall apply to the following Item) listed in the appendix, concerning the protection of interests such as the protection of individuals' lives and bodies, the protection of interest of the consumers, the conservation of the environment, the protection of fair competition, and the protection of citizen's lives, bodies, property and other interests; or
- 河内王朝(応神王朝)は、宋書に倭の五王が10回にわたり遣使したという記事があり、それが傍証となり、倭の五王が河内王朝の大王であったことはほぼ間違いないとされることから、個々の大王に関しての比定は諸説あるとしても、王朝全体の実在の可能性は高い。
- The collateral evidence of the article in Sosho (the history books of Liu Song Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties of China compiled in 488) that the five kings of Wa (ancient Japan) sent envoys 10 times to Chinashows the five kings of Wa could be little doubt of being great kings of Kawachi Dynasty (Ojin Dynasty), while various theories are concerning the identification of each king, it is very likely that the whole dynasty existed.
- 一方、奴婢は自らの公認された自立的な共同体を持たず、個人別に良民や朝廷の所有物とされるなど、穢多頭に統率されるなどの形で一定の権利保障の基盤になる共同体組織の保持を保証された江戸時代の被差別民と比べると、権利保障の基盤は脆弱であったとも言える。
- On the other hand, nuhi did not have any official independent community for themselves and were individually treated as property of the Ryomin or the Imperial court; therefore, their basis to secure their rights was probably more fragile when compared to others who were discriminated in the Edo period who found some security in their communities headed by Etagashira (head of eta (discriminated people) which secured their rights.
- 1924年には干ばつがあり、これは、水源地の足尾の山林が荒廃して保水能力を失ったためだと考えた両組合は、それぞれ別個に活動を行い、1925年には群馬県側の農民ら数千人の署名が集められ、貴族院、衆議院、内務大臣、農務大臣宛てに請願書が提出される。
- In 1924, those areas was hit by a drought, and both unions considered it was because the damaged forests had no longer absorbed nor contained water; although the unions took action separately, in 1925 the petition including thousands of signatures of the farmers and peasants and others in Gunma Prefecture was submitted to the House of Peers, the House of Representatives, the Minister of Home Affairs and the Minister of Agricultural Affairs.
- 国際法上では、個人に対する脅迫もあったか国家に対する圧力のみかという論点よりも、強制に基づく条約調印を無効とする国際慣習法上の規範もしくは規則が1905年当時に存在していたと認識するか否かという論点において、最も大きく議論と立場が分かれている。
- In international law, rather than at the point whether there was also a threat against an individual or there was only a pressure against a state, at the point whether people recognize or not that norms or regulations in the international common law which invalidates conclusion of treaties under threat could exist at the time of 1905, arguments and positions have been separated to the highest degree.
- 薩摩藩の島津久光が不満を述べた以外は目立った反撥はなかった(すでに中央軍制が整い、個別の藩が対抗しにくくなっていたこと、藩財政が危機的状況に陥り、知藩事の手に負えなくなったこと、旧藩主が華族として身分・財産が保証されること、などが理由とされる)。
- There was no remarkable objection except that Hisamitsu SHIMAZU in Satsuma Domain complained about the system (the reasons why there were so few objections are that it was difficult for each domain to oppose the already organized central military system; governors were not able to deal with the serious financial problems in their domains; and former governors of feudal domains were assured their position and properties as nobles).
- 元々は開墾などの形で土地を自然のままの単なる荒地や原野から食料などの生産(農業)に即した状態(→穀倉地帯・治水)に整備するのは、個人や小集団の手には余る仕事であったし、まして近隣地域からの侵略から守ることは、民兵を組織化するにしても困難が生じた。
- Cultivating the wilderness or wastelands and converting them into the appropriate condition for food production (agriculture) (breadbasket and flood control) exceeded abilities of individuals or small groups, and it was, by and large, still difficult to defend themselves from invasion by neighboring territories, even if they organized a militia.
- また、現在のように調査・研究の対象となる価値のある写本が公的な施設や大学等の研究機関よりも大名や公家の流れを汲む名家や個人の資産家に多く所蔵されていた時代であり、写本の調査を拒否されたり、許されてもさまざまな制約を付けられる場合も少なくなかった。
- Also, unlike today, it was the time when manuscripts that were valuable enough to be used for investigation and study were owned by distinguished families who were descended from daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) or court nobles, and wealthy persons, so he often met with refusals to investigate manuscripts and even if he was allowed to do it, there were various restrictions.
- 神道と仏教の違いについては、神道は神話に登場する神々のように地縁・血縁などで結ばれた共同体(部族や村など)を守ることを目的に信仰されてきたのに対し、仏教はおもに個人の安心立命や魂の救済、国家鎮護を求める目的で信仰されてきたという点で大きく相違する。
- There is a big difference between Shinto and Buddhism, and while people have believed in Shinto for the purpose of having Kami (God) protect communities (tribes and villages) connected by territorial and blood ties, like Kami (God)s do in mythologies, people have believed in Buddhism for the purpose of securing individuals' Anjin-ryomyo (spiritual peace and enlightenment) and have their souls relieved and keep the state's peace and security.
- 平安後期に都でもてはやされた定朝様(じょうちょうよう)の仏像は、浅く平行して流れる衣文、円満で穏やかな表情、浅い肉付けに特色があり、平安貴族の好みを反映したものであったが、分業制で同じような仏像を量産した結果、無個性でマンネリ化した作風に陥っていた。
- Buddhist statues of the Jocho-yo (Jocho style), which was hugely popular in the capital in the late Heian period, were characterized by smooth creases in the clothes that were carved shallow and parallel, facial expressions that looked satisfied and calm, and only little amplification of form, representing the taste of Heian aristocrats; however, as a result of mass production of similar Buddhist statues through division of labor, the statues were no longer unique and always looked the same.
- これらは分轄相続によって、個々には弱小化してしまった小領主たる武士達が、他の勢力に飲み込まれないために、協力してまとまった勢力をつくりあげ、ひとつの武士団として戦に参加し、恩賞を得ようというものであり、「白旗一揆」や「桔梗一揆」はその旗印を名前とした。
- These small feudal bushi lords that weakened individually due to divided inheritance unified together to form a force that would not be pushed down by other forces, joined the battle as one bushidan to gain reward, and names of 'Shirahata Ikki' and 'Kikyo Ikki' came from the emblem on flags.
- 土器や石器と違い、住居跡からの出土はほとんど無く、また銅剣や銅矛など他の銅製品と異なり、墓からの副葬品としての出土例は一度もないため(弥生時代の墓制墳丘墓の周濠部からの出土は一例ある)、個人の持ち物ではなく、村落共同体全体の所有物であったとされている。
- Also, unlike earthwares and stone tools, few dotaku were excavated from dwelling sites and, unlike other copper items such as doken (bronze swords) and dohoko (bronze pikes), no dotaku used as burial goods in tombs were discovered (One example exists of excavation at a groove surrounding the grave mound in the Yayoi period.), which indicates that dotaku were not private belongings but property of village communities.
- ただし、剥奪公権等の存続は、旧刑法下で科された刑の旧刑法廃止後における効力の整備を目的としたものであり、旧刑法廃止後も科すことを認めた規定ではない(各種の法律で欠格事由等として同旨のことが個別的に定められていることはあるが、刑罰としての扱いではない)。
- The provisions concerning the validity of deprivation of civil rights, however, are kept for the purpose of maintaining the effect of punishments imposed under the old Penal Code beyond its abolition, and are not meant to be applied to newer sentences (various acts provide that a person deprived of civil rights may be treated disqualified, but such a status is not treated as a conviction).
- この糸子の言をも樺山愛輔は「大体の風貌はあの通りとしても、個性的な魅力のある唇のもつニュアンスとでもいうか、そうした二つとない魅力的なものを現はすことは不可能であったわけだ、眼とか顔とか肩のもつ線とかは何とか表現することは出来たらうが、…」と解釈している。
- Aisuke KABAYAMA had an different than that of Itoko 'his appearance was similar to this, but the minute attractiveness and his characteristic lips, which were a one of a kind attractive feature of his, as well as his eyes, face, and shoulder line, were barely expressed...'
- 観光ボランティアガイドは個人・グループ客を主な対象としているが、最近では新しいツアー商品開発とパック価格引下げを図りたい旅行会社が、施設入場料やガイド料がそれほどかからず一定時間を過ごせる便利な立寄り先として観光ボランティアガイドに着目し、活用しはじめている。
- Sightseeing volunteer guides mainly handle individuals and groups but recently, travel agencies that are aiming to develop new products and cut package costs have begun to pay attention to and use sightseeing volunteer guides in order to cut back on entrance and guide fees while conveniently providing customers with a way to spend time.
- 都道府県労働局長は、第二十条に規定する紛争について、当該紛争の当事者の双方又は一方から調停の申請があった場合において当該紛争の解決のために必要があると認めるときは、個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律第六条第一項の紛争調整委員会に調停を行わせるものとする。
- When the Director of the Prefectural Labour Bureau finds it necessary for the resolution of said dispute in the case where the application for conciliation is filed by both or either of the parties to said dispute provided in Article 20, the Director of the Prefectural Labour Bureau shall have the Dispute Coordinating Committee set forth in paragraph 1 of Article 6 of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labour-Related Disputes to conduct conciliation.
- スナイドル弾薬の調達を担当した陸軍省の西郷従道と原田一道は、大量の弾薬を調達すべく、海軍省から弾薬製造設備を借り受けたり、外国商人から空薬莢500万個の購入を計画したり、あるいは清国から弾薬を借り受けるなど、前線で戦う兵士達の火力を支える弾薬調達に東奔西走した。
- Tsugumichi SAIGO and Ichido HARADA of the Army Ministry, who were responsible for supplying Snider Ammunition, rushed about frantically busy supplying ammunition to support firepower of soldiers fighting in the front line by taking every possible measures like obtaining permission to use the facilities to produce ammunition from the Navy Ministry, planning to purchase 5 million empty cartridge cases from a foreign merchant, and borrowing ammunition from the Qing dynasty in order to supply a great deal of ammunition.
- かじ取りハンドルの中心から車体の最外側までの距離が六十五センチメートル以上あるもの又は運転者席が車室内にあるものにあつては、当該貨物自動車の車両中心線上の前方及び後方三十メートルの距離から指示部が見通すことのできる位置に左右に一個ずつ方向指示器を備えていること。
- To have a direction indicator on each left and right side at places where indicating portions are discernible from a distance 30 m away to the rear or front of the truck along the center line of the truck's body, for those with distance between the center of the steering wheel and the outer utmost side of the body of 65 cm or more or those with an operator's seat in the cabin.
- 東日本と西日本の文化の差異を強調して、それぞれ別個の民族であるとする見解が民俗学者の宮本常一や歴史学者の網野善彦などから出されているが、少なくとも近代においては、東日本と西日本の住民が異民族であるという感覚はほとんど存在しないので、一般的な見解であるとは言えない。
- The opinion was put forth by folklorist Tsuneichi MIYAMOTO and historian Yoshihiko AMINO that the races of eastern Japan and of western Japan are different, emphasizing cultural contrasts; however, this is not the conventional opinion because the people of the two regions are rarely thought to be different races in the modern age.
- 法第二条第六号に規定する特定派遣元事業主(以下「特定派遣元事業主」という。)が法第五条第一項の規定による一般労働者派遣事業の許可を申請するときは、法人にあつては第二項第一号イからハまでに掲げる書類を、個人にあつては同項第二号イに掲げる書類を添付することを要しない。
- When a business operator of a specified dispatching undertaking prescribed in item (vi) of Article 2 of the Act (hereinafter referred to as a "Business Operator of a Specified Dispatching Undertaking") applies for a license for a general worker dispatching undertaking pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of Article 5 of the Act, documents listed in (a) to (c) of item (i) of paragraph (2) are not required in the case of a juridical person, and documents listed in (a) of item (ii) of paragraph (2) are not required in the case of an individual.
- 一般派遣元事業主又は法第五条第一項の規定による一般労働者派遣事業の許可の申請をしている者が法第十六条第一項の規定による特定労働者派遣事業の届出をするときは、法人にあつては第二項第一号イに掲げる書類を、個人にあつては同項第二号イに掲げる書類を添付することを要しない。
- When a Business Operator of a General Dispatching Undertaking or a person who has filed an application for a license of a general worker dispatching undertaking under paragraph (1) of Article 5 of the Act intends to make a notification of a specified worker dispatching undertaking under paragraph (1) of Article 16 of the Act, documents listed in (a) of item (i) of paragraph (2) shall not be required in the case of a juridical person and documents listed in (a) of item (ii) of the same paragraph shall not be required in the case of an individual.
- 朱子学では「理」(万物の法則であり、根拠、規範。「然る所以の故であり、且つ当に然るべき則」)はあらゆるものにあるとし(「一木一草みな理あり」)、そうした理について読書など学問することにより理解を深めた後に「性」(個々に内在する理、五常五倫)へと至ることができるとした。
- In Shushigaku, it is considered that 'ri (理)' (the law of everything, basis or standard for all things, 'it exists because it should be, and thus this is the law that should be so') exists in everything ('there is ri in each tree and each blade of grass'), and that people can reach 'sei (性)' (the 'ri' existing in each individual, the five constant relations and the five cardinal virtues of Confucianism) when they deeply understand 'ri' through study including reading about it.
- これは、上記のように歯止めの効かず野放図に増え続けてきた自動車や民生部門等からの化石燃料の浪費に対し、産業界・個人などの枠にとらわれず幅広く、排出量に応じた経済的負担をさせるための枠組みを設けることで、市場原理に基づいて上記部門からの排出抑制に直接働きかけるものである。
- It directly exerts influence on waste of fossil fuels at cars, civilian sectors and so on, which has hugely increased with no restraint, sets up the framework for widely imposing economic burdens, depending on the amount of emissions, on industries, individuals and so on, and consequently, according to the market principle, directly drives the suppression of emissions from the sectors mentioned above.
- 労働組合は、労働委員会に証拠を提出して第二条及び第二項の規定に適合することを立証しなければ、この法律に規定する手続に参与する資格を有せず、且つ、この法律に規定する救済を与えられない。但し、第七条第一号の規定に基く個々の労働者に対する保護を否定する趣旨に解釈されるべきではない。
- Unless the labor union has submitted evidence to the Labor Relations Commission and proved that it is in compliance with Article 2 and paragraph 2 of this Article, the labor union shall not be qualified to participate in the procedures provided in this Act and shall not be granted the remedies provided in this Act, provided, however, that nothing herein shall be construed so as to deny protections for any individual worker pursuant to Article 7, item 1.
- 刈田・刈畠行為をめぐる紛争は当初、所務沙汰(不動産に係る民事事件)として扱われていたが、時代が下るにつれ、刈田・刈畠行為が増加していくと、13世紀後期ごろには違法行為のニュアンスを含む「狼藉」、すなわち刈田狼藉と呼ばれるようになり、通常の所務沙汰とは別個の取扱いがなされ始めた。
- Initially, karita or karihata related disputes were handled as shomu-sata (civil trials dealing with land-related issues), but the number of karita and karihata acts increased with the times, and around the late thirteenth century, such karita or karihata related disputes began to be called 'rozeki' with the implication of illegal acts, that is, karita-rozeki, and the handling of such disputes was separated from ordinary shomu-sata.
- また、日本の経済成長が進み、水泳パンツが廉価で入手できるようになったことや、国民所得が上昇したことで、個性を求めて、ファッション性のある水着が求めらるようになり、臀部が露出する褌は恥ずかしいと、下着と同様、1960年代頃(昭和30年半ば頃)から、褌は若者から次第に廃れて行った。
- Furthermore, because cheap swimming trunks became available with the progress of Japan's economic growth, and because Japanese people, with increased national income, started to want fashionable swimwear as an appeal of their individuality, and in 1960s young people gradually ceased to wear fundoshi, ashamed of exposing their buttocks.
- 有料職業紹介事業者及びその代理人、使用人その他の従業者は、前項の秘密のほか、その業務に関して知り得た個人情報その他厚生労働省令で定める者に関する情報を、みだりに他人に知らせてはならない。有料職業紹介事業者及びその代理人、使用人その他の従業者でなくなつた後においても、同様とする。
- In addition to the secrets set forth in the preceding paragraph, no fee-charging employment placement business provider nor any agent, employee or any other worker thereof shall, without permission, inform anyone else of any personal information learned concerning his/her work or any other information concerning persons specified by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The same shall apply even after such person ceases to be a fee-charging employment placement business provider or any agent, employee, or any other worker thereof.
- しかし、恩赦そのものが濫発されたうえ、本来政治とは無関係である寛永寺や増上寺による口添えの存在、しかもその口添えは受刑者の家族しか出来ない事など(独身者には困難である)様々な問題を抱えており、更に個々の受刑者の恩赦の是非は評定所の個別の審議を経たためにその適用基準も曖昧であった。
- This system had various problems, however, including that of pardons granted too frequently; of temples Kanei-ji and Zojo-ji that were supposedly apolitical were allowed to recommend pardons; of recommendations that only the family of a convict were allowed to ask for (thus it was hardly possible for convicts who had no relatives); and of obscure criteria for granting a pardon because the conference chamber discussed the propriety of each case separately.
- 従来の藩が租税として集めた米をまとめて江戸や大坂の蔵屋敷を経由して同地の米問屋に売却するというこれまでの米の流通システムが崩壊して、個々の農民が地元の米商人などに直接米を換金してその代金を納め、地元の米商人が全国市場に米を売却するようになるなど、商業や流通に対する影響も大きかった。
- The land-tax reform also had a large effect on Japanese commerce and distribution system; that is, prior to the reform rice collected as tax from various clans were sold and distributed by wholesale dealers in Edo or Osaka through storehouses of various clans in Edo or Osaka; the reform allowed farmers to change their rice to cash directly at local rice merchants, who sold rice to the market across the country; thus the previous distribution system collapsed.
- 明治22年(1889年)の町村制導入以後は、それぞれ京都府の上鳥羽村・下鳥羽村として別個の歩みを遂げ、大正7年(1918年)には上鳥羽村の一部が京都市下京区(当時)に編入され、昭和6年(1931年)に上鳥羽村の残部は下京区に、下鳥羽村は伏見市などとともに新設の伏見区に編入される事になる。
- After the introduction of Municipal Government Act in 1889, the two villages took its course individually as Kamitoba Village and Shimotoba Village of Kyoto Prefecture; Kamitoba Village was incorporated into Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City (at the time) partially in 1978, then the rest in 1931, while Shimotoba Village, along with Fushimi City, was incorporated into the newly established Fushimi Ward in 1931.
- この法律の施行前にされた旧労働安全衛生法第三十九条第一項、第四十四条第三項、第四十四条の二第三項又は第五十三条の二に規定する製造時等検査、個別検定、型式検定又は性能検査の申請であって、この法律の施行の際、合格又は不合格の処分がなされていないものについての処分については、なお従前の例による。
- An application for a certificate of an inspection at the time of manufacture, etc., an individual examination, a model examination or a performance inspection as specified in paragraph (1) of Article 39, paragraph (3) of Article 44, paragraph (3) of Article 44-2, or Article 53-2 of the Old Industrial Safety and Health Act that was made before the enforcement of this Act, and for which a decision on success or failure has not yet been made at the time of the enforcement of this Act, shall be treated pursuant to the previous provisions.
- 第四十二条の機械等(次条第一項に規定する機械等を除く。)のうち、別表第三に掲げる機械等で政令で定めるものを製造し、又は輸入した者は、厚生労働省令で定めるところにより、厚生労働大臣の登録を受けた者(以下「登録個別検定機関」という。)が個々に行う当該機械等についての検定を受けなければならない。
- Among the machines, etc., prescribed in Article 42 (excluding machines, etc., prescribed in paragraph (1) of Article 44-2), a person who has manufactured or imported those listed in Appended Table 3 and prescribed by Cabinet Order, shall, as provided for by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, undergo an individual examination, in respect of the said machines, etc., conducted an agency registered by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare (hereinafter referred to as "registered individual examination agency").
- ただ、この機に乗じて宣教師に危害を加えたものは処罰すると言い渡しており、強制的にキリスト教への改宗をさせる事は禁止しているが、個人が自分の意思でキリスト教を信仰する事は規制しておらず、一定の領地を持つ大名がキリスト教信者になるのも認可制(秀吉の許可が必要)とされたが、これも禁止されてはいない。
- However, he threatened to punish those seizing the opportunity to harm missionaries and did not prohibit any one from believing Christianity in accordance with one's own will, but prohibited forcing conversion to Christianity, and also a domain lord with a certain amount of domain should submit to the approval system when converting to Christianity (Hideyoshi's permission is required) so, even this is not prohibited.
- なお、アンドウの表記について諸史料では主として鎌倉時代から南北朝時代 (日本)にかけての津軽時代には「安藤氏」、室町時代中期以降の秋田時代には「安東氏」とされている例が多いことから、個人名表記は概ね15世紀半ばまでを「安藤」、以降を「安東」とするが、本稿では便宜上、氏族名は「安東」で統一する。
- Concerning the writing of its name 'Ando,' in those historical records generally state as, the clan used the denomination of '安藤 (Ando) clan' during the Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts when the clan was settled in Tsugaru region, while it was settled in Akita region in the mid-Muromachi period and after, its denomination came to be written '安東 (Ando) clan,' and therefore, the individual surnames of the clan until mid-15th century will be written as '安藤 (ANDO)' and after that it will be written as '安東 (ANDO),' and for the sake of simplicity, the clans name will be consistently written as the 'Ando' clan.
- 児童自立支援施設は、不良行為をなし、又はなすおそれのある児童及び家庭環境その他の環境上の理由により生活指導等を要する児童を入所させ、又は保護者の下から通わせて、個々の児童の状況に応じて必要な指導を行い、その自立を支援し、あわせて退所した者について相談その他の援助を行うことを目的とする施設とする。
- A children's self-reliance support facility shall be a facility intended for admitting children who have committed, or are likely to commit, delinquencies and other children in need of daily life guidance, etc. due to their family environment or other environmental reasons or having those children commute there from their guardians, and providing necessary guidance to those children in accordance with their individual circumstances and supporting their self-reliance, as well as intended for providing consultation and other assistance to those who have left there.
- 個性と実力を兼ね備え、演歌という新ジャンルの土台を築いた、春日八郎・三橋美智也・三波春夫・村田英雄らの男性歌手や、演歌の女王と称された美空ひばり(「歌謡界の女王」とも呼ばれる)等がすでに亡くなっており、その後に続いた北島三郎や五木ひろし、森進一などの大御所歌手も実力を発揮し切れていない状況である。
- Hachiro KASUGA, Michiya MIHASHI, Haruo MINAMI, Hideo MURATA and other male singers who had both individualities and abilities and laid the foundations for new enka genre, and Hibari MISORA who was known as the queen of enka (also known as the 'queen of popular song world') have already passed away, and highly accomplished singers who followed, such as Saburo KITAJIMA, Hiroshi ITSUKI and Shinichi MORI, cannot show their abilities to the full.
- だが、その即位は天皇個人が望んだ皇位継承ではなく(『日本後紀』によれば、大同元年5月1日(806年5月22日)に大伴親王(当時)が父帝の死を機会に臣籍降下を願い出て皇太子(平城天皇)に慰留されている)、更に有力貴族の後ろ盾のいない息子恒貞親王が仁明天皇の皇太子になったことに不安を抱いていたと言う。
- However, the succession to the throne wasn't Emperor Junna's intention (according to 'Nihon Koki,' on May 22, 806, when his father died, Prince Otomo asked to be removed from the Imperial Family, but he was dissuaded from resigning by the crown prince (Emperor Heizei)) and was worried that his son Prince Tsunesada, who lacked the support of court nobles, would become the crown prince of Emperor Nimmyo.
- 日本の達成が難しいと囁かれ始めた 2007年頃になって、京都議定書自体が欧米諸国による政治的な圧力であるという陰謀論(そもそも根拠が示されていない、既に支持を失った議論を蒸し返しているなどの理由により懐疑論にもなり得ていないもの)が、一部評論筋や個人の論評などで、にわかに唱えられはじめるようになった。
- Around 2007 when it was whispered that it seemed unlikely for Japan to achieve the goal, some critics or individuals began to claim a conspiracy theory that Kyoto Protocol itself was a political pressure from Western countries (it is a groundless theory and is far from even being skepticism because it is based on the issue which was once discussed and consequently lost its supporters).
- むろん、皇族を強制的に臣籍に下すことを原則とするこのような規定には異論もあり(とはいえ、親王、王に姓を賜り強制的に臣籍に下げることは王朝時代から存在した)、裁定にあたって準則の諮詢を受けた枢密院での審議でも、政府側からは、一律・機械的に適用するのではなく個別の事情に応じて判断する旨の答弁がなされている。
- Of course there was an argument against having Imperial Family members demotion from nobility to subject, (however, there were some examples of people receiving surnames from the Imperial Prince or the Emperor and were forced to be demoted to subjects since the Dynasty period), at the discussion of the Privy Council that was consulted about the regulation to make a decision, the government decided to apply the regulation based on individual situations instead of applying the rule evenly or automatically across the board.
- 第五条から第七条まで、第九条、第十一条第一項、第十二条及び第十三条第一項に定める事項についての労働者と事業主との間の紛争については、個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百十二号)第四条、第五条及び第十二条から第十九条までの規定は適用せず、次条から第二十七条までに定めるところによる。
- The provisions of Article 4, Article 5, and Articles 12 through 19 of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labor Disputes (Act No. 112 of 2001) shall not apply to a dispute between a worker and an employer with regard to the provisions of Articles 5 through 7, Article 9, Article 11, paragraph 1, Article 12, Article 13, paragraph 1. Instead, said dispute shall be subject to the provisions of Articles 17 through 27 herein.
- こ の法律は、労働者及び使用者の自主的な交渉の下で、労働契約が合意により成立し、又は変更されるという合意の原則その他労働契約に関する基本的事項を定め ることにより、合理的な労働条件の決定又は変更が円滑に行われるようにすることを通じて、労働者の保護を図りつつ、個別の労働関係の安定に資することを目 的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to contribute to achieving stability in individual labor relationships, while ensuring the protection of workers, through facilitating reasonable determination of or changes to working conditions, by providing for the principle of agreement, under which a labor contract shall be established or changed by agreement through voluntary negotiation between a worker and an employer, and other basic matters concerning labor contracts.
- 同戸籍は、その後の六年に一度作成するという「六年一造」の造籍の出発点になっただけでなく、五十戸一里を基準に行政的に戸を編成して、その戸内の家族(戸口)の名・年齢・戸主との続柄などを詳述したことによって、個々の家族構成を直接的に把握することを可能にし、それを基に班田収授を行い、人頭課税をする台帳の機能も果たした。
- This registration system not only served as a starting point of 'rokunen-ichizo' (literally, 'one creation in six years) in which family registers were created every six years thereafter, but also made it possible to see the direct composition of each household by organizing households in terms of fifty households in ichi-ri on an administrative basis and describing each family member's name, age and relation to the household head in detail, and served as a ledger to conduct Handen Shuju (a regulation of land ownership) and jinto kazei (poll taxation).
- 登録製造時等検査機関等は、厚生労働省令で定めるところにより、製造時等検査、性能検査、個別検定、型式検定、特定自主検査、免許試験、技能講習、教習、労働安全コンサルタント試験、労働衛生コンサルタント試験又はコンサルタントの登録に関する事項で、厚生労働省令で定めるものを記載した帳簿を備え、これを保存しなければならない。
- The registered manufacturing inspection, etc., agency and other agencies shall, as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, prepare and keep records in which are entered the matters pertaining to manufacturing inspection, etc., regular inspection, individual examination, type examination, special voluntary inspection, license examination, skill training course, training mentioned in paragraph (4) of Article 75, industrial safety consultant examination, industrial health consultant examination or consultant registration as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
- こうした自検断権の裏づけとなる軍事警察力の保証としての武器の保有も、建前上は刀狩以降放棄した形式をとり、百姓身分の者は身分表象としての帯刀を放棄することでそれを示していたが、実際は個々の村には膨大な数の刀槍、鉄砲が神仏への献納物、あるいは害獣駆除の名目で備蓄されており、明治維新以降も国家権力はあからさまにこれに手をつけられない状態であった。
- After the Sword Hunt, keeping arms that supported the right to judge criminal cases as a safeguard military police power had the form of waiving the right and people in a farming rank showed their waiver by not wearing a sword, their rank symbol, but actually an individual community had big stockpiles of swords, spears, and guns under the pretext of dedicating things to Shinto and Buddhist deities or the extermination of harmful animals and the governmental powers could not openly touch them even after the Meiji Restoration.
- 第五項の規定により委託を受けた指定居宅介護支援事業者等(その者が法人である場合にあっては、その役員。次項において同じ。)若しくはその職員(前項の介護支援専門員その他厚生労働省令で定める者を含む。次項において同じ。)若しくは介護支援専門員又はこれらの職にあった者は、正当な理由なしに、当該委託業務に関して知り得た個人の秘密を漏らしてはならない。
- A Designated In-Home Long-Term Care Support Provider, etc., entrusted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) (in cases when said person is a juridical person, its Officers; the same shall apply in the following paragraph), its personnel (including a Long-Term Care Support Specialist as prescribed in the preceding paragraph or other person as determined by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare; the same shall apply in the following paragraph), a Long-Term Care Support Specialist or other person that was in said position shall not divulge any personal confidential information learned from said entrusted operations without a justifiable reason.
- 越中褌が究極の形状であることから、昔からデザインの変化がないことで、材質や色か柄でしか商品として差別化ができないこと、白色が定番の越中褌では色物や柄物では極端に需要が少なく採算に合わないこと、個人でも縫製できるものであるため、単価も安く利益率が低いこと、他の下着と比べて需要の伸びが大きく見込めず、設備投資に見合う大量販売が見込めないことなどである。
- The seasons are: (1) as Ecchu fundoshi has the ultimate shape in its kind, the design has not changed for a long time, manufacturers can only make a difference in material, color or pattern; (2) as the most typical color for the fundoshi is white, there is extremely limited demand for other colors or patterns, and thus making a difference cannot be paid off; (3) since this is not so difficult to make, as they were made at home in the previous period, the price and profit rate should be low accordingly; and (4) it's hard to expect a large sale that can pay off the capital investment, as it's hard to expect a growing demand in comparison to other undergarments.
- 都道府県労働局長は、第十六条に規定する紛争(労働者の募集及び採用についての紛争を除く。)について、当該紛争の当事者(以下「関係当事者」という。)の双方又は一方から調停の申請があつた場合において当該紛争の解決のために必要があると認めるときは、個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律第六条第一項の紛争調整委員会(以下「委員会」という。)に調停を行わせるものとする。
- The director of each Prefectural Labor Office shall refer to the competent Disputes Adjustment Commission provided for in Article 6, paragraph 1 of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labor Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the "Commission") for the conciliation of disputes provided for in Article 16 (except a dispute on the recruitment and employment of workers) when either party or both parties to said dispute (hereinafter referred to as the "parties concerned" ) apply for conciliation and the Director finds conciliation necessary to resolve said dispute.
- この法律の施行の際現に個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百十二号)第六条第一項の紛争調整委員会(以下「委員会」という。)に係属している同法第五条第一項のあっせんに係る紛争については、第一条の規定による改正後の雇用の分野における男女の均等な機会及び待遇の確保等に関する法律(以下「新法」という。)第十六条の規定にかかわらず、なお従前の例による。
- With regard to disputes under the conciliation prescribed in Article 5, paragraph 1 of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labor Disputes (Act No. 112 of 2001) pending before the Disputes Adjustment Commission (hereinafter referred to as the "Commission") provided for in Article 6, paragraph 1 of the same Act already arisen upon enforcement of this Act, the provisions then in force remain applicable, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 16 of the Act on Securing, Etc. of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment revised in accordance with the provisions of Article 1 (hereinafter referred to as "New Act").
- 法第五条第二項第四号に掲げる事項のうち派遣元責任者の氏名に変更があつた場合において、当該一般派遣元事業主が一般労働者派遣事業を行つている他の事業所の派遣元責任者を当該変更に係る事業所の変更後の派遣元責任者として引き続き選任したときは、法人にあつては第一条の二第二項第一号チに掲げる書類のうち履歴書を、個人にあつては同項第二号ハの書類のうち履歴書を添付することを要しない。
- In the case where there were changes to the names of responsible persons acting for the dispatching undertaking among the matters listed in item (iv) of paragraph (2) of Article 5 of the Act, when said Business Operator of a General Dispatching Undertaking has permanently appointed a responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for another place of business where a general worker dispatching undertaking has been conducted as the responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for the place of business related to said changes, his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (h) of item (i) of paragraph (2) of Article 1-2 in the case of a juridical person, and his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (c) of item (ii) of the same paragraph in the case of an individual.
- しかしながら堀新 (歴史学者)から出された反論では、同日記の5月4日 (旧暦)付けの記事や、『誠仁親王消息』などの資料から、三職いずれかなどという曖昧な推任をしたのは誰も信長の真意を理解していなかったための行動であり、貞勝と信長との間にこの件に関する打ち合わせをした形跡がないことなどから、三職推任は信長の意向とは言えず、5月4日の晴豊の言葉も晴豊個人の見解であるとした。
- Shin HORI (a historian) argued against these interpretations that Haretoyo expressed his own opinion on May 4 (old calendar) at that time and Sanshoku suinin had nothing do to with Nobunaga's intention, because: the article of the diary dated May 4 and 'Message from Imperial Prince Sanehito' (誠仁親王消息) suggest that such an unspecific Sanshoku suinin came from a situation where no one knew what Nobunaga wanted; and nothing suggests Nobunaga and Sadakatsu had talked about this matter.
- 事業者は、第四十三条、第四十四条若しくは第四十五条から第四十八条までの健康診断若しくは法第六十六条第四項の規定による指示を受けて行つた健康診断(同条第五項ただし書の場合において当該労働者が受けた健康診断を含む。次条において「第四十三条等の健康診断」という。)又は法第六十六条の二の自ら受けた健康診断の結果に基づき、健康診断個人票(様式第五号)を作成して、これを五年間保存しなければならない。
- The employer shall make medical examination cards (Form No. 5) for individual employees based on the results of the medical examination set forth in Article 43, 44 or 45 to 48, or medical examination executed pursuant to the provision of paragraph (4) of Article 66 of the Act (including the medical examination in the case set forth in the proviso of paragraph (5) of Article 66, referred to as "medical examination set forth in Article 43, etc." in the following Article) or the voluntary medical examination set forth in Article 66-2 of the Act and preserve such cards for five years.
- 法第五条第二項第四号に掲げる事項のうち派遣元責任者の氏名に変更があつた場合において、当該特定派遣元事業主が一般労働者派遣事業又は特定労働者派遣事業を行つている他の事業所の派遣元責任者を当該変更に係る事業所の変更後の派遣元責任者として引き続き選任したときは、法人にあつては第十一条第二項第一号ホに掲げる書類のうち履歴書を、個人にあつては同項第二号ハの書類のうち履歴書を添付することを要しない。
- In the case where there were changes to the name of the responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking among the matters listed in item (iv) of paragraph (2) of Article 5 of the Act, when said Business Operator of a Specified Dispatching Undertaking has permanently appointed a responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for another place of business where a general worker dispatching undertaking or a specified worker dispatching undertaking has been conducted as the responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for the place of business related to said changes, his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (e) of item (i) of paragraph (2) of Article 11 in the case of a juridical person, and his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (c) of item (ii) of the same paragraph in the case of an individual.
- 法第三十条第二項第四号に掲げる事項のうち職業紹介責任者の氏名に変更があつた場合において、当該有料職業紹介事業者が有料の職業紹介事業又は無料の職業紹介事業を行つている他の事業所の職業紹介責任者を当該変更に係る事業所の変更後の職業紹介責任者として引き続き選任したときは、法人にあつては第十八条第三項第一号リに掲げる書類のうち履歴書を、個人にあつては同項第二号ハの書類のうち履歴書を添付することを要しない。
- Among the matters provided by Article 30, paragraph 2, item 4 of the Act, in case of a change in the name of the employment placement manager, the attachment of the resume among the documents provided by Article 18, paragraph 3, item 1, (i) in case of a juridical person, or the resume among the documents provided by the same paragraph, item 2, (ii) in case of an individual shall not be required if such charged employment placement business provider continues to have appointed the employment placement manager of other place of business operating the charged employment placement businesses or free employment placement businesses as employment placement manager of the place of business pertaining to such change.
- 江戸時代後期以降、江戸を中心とした東日本(上方を中心とした西日本では「先笄」「両輪」 喜田川 守貞『守貞謾稿』によると現在の愛知県岡崎市内にあったある村の西と東で既婚女性が「先笄」「両輪」に結う地域と「丸髷」に結う地域の二手に分かれたらしい)で、明治以降は全国的に広く一般に結われていた髷だが、髷の形に個人の好みを反映させるため明治末期には「両国形」「老松形」など数多くの「丸髷型」が売り出されていた。
- This mage had been worn since the later Edo period in eastern Japan centering on Edo (on the other hand, in western Japan centering on Kamigata [Kyoto and Osaka area], 'Sakko' [a variation of Shimada-mage with the remaining hair arranged with a stick called 'kogai'] and 'Ryowa' [two mage are made and fixed with a stick called 'kogai' with the remaining hair rolled up] had been worn; according to 'Morisada Manko' [a kind of encyclopedia of folkways and other affairs in the Edo period] by Morisada KITAGAWA, a certain village in present-day Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture was the boundary between west and east: the region where married women wore 'sakko' or 'ryowa,' and the region where they wore 'marumage') and since the Meiji period it spread to the whole country and became common hairstyle; at the end of the Meiji period, a variety of 'marumagegata' (magegata [a paper frame which is wound round with hair to keep the shape of a chignon] for marumage), such as 'Ryogoku (両国) style,' 'Oimatsu style' and so on, went on sale to cover all tastes for the shape of mage.
- 届出者が一般労働者派遣事業を行つている場合において、当該届出者が一般労働者派遣事業を行つている他の事業所の派遣元責任者を当該届出に係る事業所の派遣元責任者として引き続き選任するときは、法人にあつては第二項第一号ホに掲げる書類のうち履歴書(選任する派遣元責任者の住所に変更がないときは、住民票の写し及び履歴書。以下この項において同じ。)を、個人にあつては同項第二号ハの書類のうち履歴書を添付することを要しない。
- In the case where a notifier has been conducting a general worker dispatching undertaking, when the notifier intends to permanently appoint a responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for another place of business where a general worker dispatching undertaking has been conducted as the responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking for said place of business related to said notification, his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (e) of item (i) of paragraph (2) in the case of a juridical person, and his/her curriculum vitae is not required out of the documents listed in (c) of item (ii) of the same paragraph in the case of an individual (when there are no changes to the address of the responsible person acting for the dispatching undertaking to be appointed, a copy of his/her certificate of residence and his/her curriculum vitae are not required).
- 厚生労働大臣又は都道府県労働局長は、登録製造時等検査機関、登録性能検査機関、登録個別検定機関、登録型式検定機関、検査業者、指定試験機関、登録教習機関、指定コンサルタント試験機関又は指定登録機関(以下「登録製造時等検査機関等」という。)の業務の適正な運営を確保するため必要があると認めるときは、その職員をしてこれらの事務所に立ち入り、関係者に質問させ、又はその業務に関係のある帳簿、書類その他の物件を検査させることができる。
- The Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare or the Director of the Prefectural Labor Bureau may, when he/she finds it necessary for ensuring the proper operation of the service of a registered manufacturing inspection, etc. agency, registered performance inspection agency, registered individual examination institution, registered type examination agency, registered agency for self-inspection, designated examination institution, registered practical training institution, designated consultant examination institution and designated registration institution (hereinafter referred to as "registered manufacturing inspection, etc., agency, etc."), have his/her staffs enter their office, question the persons concerned or inspect books, documents and other articles related to the service.
- 法第三十三条第一項の規定による許可を受けた者が法第三十条第一項の規定による許可を申請する場合であつて、無料の職業紹介事業を行つている事業所の職業紹介責任者を当該申請に係る事業所の職業紹介責任者として引き続き選任するときは、法人にあつては第三項第一号リに掲げる書類のうち履歴書(選任する職業紹介責任者の住所に変更がないときは、住民票の写し及び履歴書。以下この項において同じ。)を、個人にあつては同項第二号ハの書類のうち履歴書を添付することを要しない。
- If a person who has received the license provided by Article 33, paragraph 1 of the Act applies for the license provided by Article 30, paragraph 1 of the Act, and such person continues to appoint the employment placement manager of the place of business operating the free employment placement businesses as the employment placement manager of the place of business pertaining to such application, the attachment of the resume (or a copy of the residence certificate and the resume, if no change has been made in the address of the appointed employment placement manager; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) among the documents provided by paragraph 3, item 1, (i) in case of a juridical person, or the resume among the documents provided by the same paragraph, item 2, (ii) in case of an individual, shall not be required.
- 第二項後段の規定により委託を受けた指定相談支援事業者等の役員(業務を執行する社員、取締役、執行役又はこれらに準ずる者をいい、相談役、顧問その他いかなる名称を有する者であるかを問わず、法人に対し業務を執行する社員、取締役、執行役又はこれらに準ずる者と同等以上の支配力を有するものと認められる者を含む。以下同じ。)若しくは前項の厚生労働省令で定める者又はこれらの職にあった者は、正当な理由なしに、当該委託業務に関して知り得た個人の秘密を漏らしてはならない。
- The officers of the designated consultation support business operators entrusted pursuant to the provision of the second sentence of paragraph 2 (meaning employees, directors, or executive officers who execute business, or the equivalent thereof, including those recognized as having the same or greater influence over corporations as employees who execute business, directors, corporate officers, or the equivalent thereof, regardless of what titles they may have, such as counselor, consultant, etc.; the same shall apply hereinafter), or the persons who are prescribed in Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in the preceding paragraph or the persons who used to be in such positions shall not disclose personal secrets obtained concerning such entrusted service without just cause.
- だが、戦後に入ると土田直鎮らによる批判などがあり、現在では院政初期までは摂政・関白と天皇との間に力関係の差はあっても、両者の協議によって政治判断が行われており、摂政・関白が専断的に政務を取った時期は存在しなかったこと、国政に関する命令は摂関政治全盛期でも宣旨・太政官符による命令系統が機能しており、政所下文及び御教書はあくまで摂政・関白個人の私的あるいは宣旨・太政官符内部の問題に対してのみ有効な命令文書であったことが明らかとされており、この説は成り立たないと考えられている。
- However, after World War II, based on the criticisms by people like Naoshige TSUCHIDA, the theory is no longer held as true for the following reasons: Until the early Insei period (the period ruled by the retired Emperor), even if there were differences in strength of authority between the Sessho/Kanpaku and the Emperor, political decisions were made through a consultation of both sides, and there was never a time in which the Sessho and/or Kanpaku arbitrarily took the initiative in political affairs; and orders that related to state politics were issued based on the chain of command through senshi and daijokanpu (official documents issued by the Daijokan and the Grand Council of State) even during the golden days of the regency, and it was revealed that kudashibumi and migosho documents issued by the Mandokoro were only effective for private or internal problems of the sessho and kanpaku themselves.
- 前項の規定にかかわらず、同項の機械等を輸入した者が当該機械等を外国において製造した者(以下この項において「外国製造者」という。)以外の者(以下この項において単に「他の者」という。)である場合において、当該外国製造者が当該他の者について前項の検定が行われることを希望しないときは、当該外国製造者は、厚生労働省令で定めるところにより、自ら登録個別検定機関が個々に行う当該機械等についての検定を受けることができる。当該検定が行われた場合においては、当該機械等を輸入した者については、同項の規定は、適用しない。
- Notwithstanding the provision of the preceding paragraph, when the importer of the machines, etc., set forth in the preceding paragraph is the third party (hereinafter referred to as the "third party") other than the manufacturer in the exporting country (hereinafter referred to as the "foreign manufacturer"), and the foreign manufacturer does not wish to have its exported machines, etc., inspected by the importer as the third party, the foreign manufacturer may have its exported machines, etc., undergo the certification examinations given independently by a registered individual examination agency according to the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The said provision shall not be applied to the importer of the machines, etc., when the above individual examinations have been made.
- 「候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候」
- 候間至急御返却有之度猶及御掛合候也 壬申七月十三日 大蔵省 陸軍省御中 第七百二十三号 スナイトル銃空包 六万四百八拾発 入箱式拾壱個 但壱箱弐千八百八十宛 右陸軍省御用ニ付可差出旨於此県西郷少輔殿ヨリ致承知今般有功鑑ヘ積入差廻候間着船之上御請取相成度荷作其他本艦迄運送入費ハ当処会計掛ヨリ明細書差出候間急便御差送候被下度此段御伺申上候也 壬申六月廿六日 鹿児島県 大砲製造所 陸軍省秘史局御中 第七百二十四号 城地御伺之義ニ付申上書 陸省官員出張ヲ以御取調有之候福島城之義委詳別紙之通当四月中相伺置候'
- その内容ははなはだ多様であって一概に語ることはむずかしいが、(1)世襲による家元に流儀の芸事に関する規範性・正統性を求め、流儀の同一性を保持すること、(2)家元を政治的な権威として流儀内の統率を行い、上意下達方式を中心にして流儀の運営を行うこと、(3)経済的には流儀内の素人、玄人(職分)などから資金を集めこれを流儀全体のために家元が再分配するかたちをとっていること、(4)免状発行の権限が家元にあること、(5)家元個人またはその家の私的な部分と流儀の公的な部分とが未分化な状態にあり、家元の存在そのものが流儀の根幹にかかわる制度をしいていること、などが特徴として挙げられる。
- Although this system cannot be defined clearly because of its diversity, here are some characteristics: (1) hereditary Iemoto exists as a normative and legitimate model with regard to the school's accomplishments in order to preserve the identity of the style; (2) as a political authority, Iemoto leads and manages the school by top-down control system; (3) financially, Iemoto redistributes money collected from novices, experts, et al. to the entire school; (4) Iemoto has the authority to issue certificates; (5) Iemoto himself or herself is at the core of the school, and Iemoto's or his/her family's private matters and the school's public matters are not clearly differentiated.
- 第三十三条第一項の許可を受けて、又は第三十三条の二第一項、第三十三条の三第一項若しくは第三十三条の四第一項の規定による届出をして無料の職業紹介事業を行う者、労働者の募集を行う者、募集受託者及び労働者供給事業者(以下この条において「無料職業紹介事業者等」という。)並びに公共職業安定所の業務に従事する者及び無料職業紹介事業者等の業務に従事する者は、その業務に関して知り得た個人情報その他厚生労働省令で定める者に関する情報を、みだりに他人に知らせてはならない。無料職業紹介事業者等並びに公共職業安定所の業務に従事する者及び無料職業紹介事業者等の業務に従事する者でなくなつた後においても、同様とする。
- No person who conducts a free employment placement business after obtaining the license provided for in Article 33, paragraph 1 or giving the notification pursuant to the provisions of Article 33-2, paragraph 1, Article 33-3, paragraph 1, or Article 33-4, paragraph 1, person who conducts labor recruitment, commissioned recruiter or labor supply business provider (hereinafter referred to as "free employment placement business provider, etc." in this Article), person who engages in the work of a Public Employment Security Office or person who engages in the work of a free employment placement business provider, etc. shall, without permission, inform anyone else of any personal information learned concerning his/her work or any other information concerning persons specified by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The same shall apply even after such person ceases to be a free employment placement business provider, etc., a person who engages in the work of a Public Employment Security Office or person who engages in the work of a free employment placement business provider, etc.
- この法律は、障害者基本法(昭和四十五年法律第八十四号)の基本的理念にのっとり、身体障害者福祉法(昭和二十四年法律第二百八十三号)、知的障害者福祉法(昭和三十五年法律第三十七号)、精神保健及び精神障害者福祉に関する法律(昭和二十五年法律第百二十三号)、児童福祉法(昭和二十二年法律第百六十四号)その他障害者及び障害児の福祉に関する法律と相まって、障害者及び障害児がその有する能力及び適性に応じ、自立した日常生活又は社会生活を営むことができるよう、必要な障害福祉サービスに係る給付その他の支援を行い、もって障害者及び障害児の福祉の増進を図るとともに、障害の有無にかかわらず国民が相互に人格と個性を尊重し安心して暮らすことのできる地域社会の実現に寄与することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to improve the welfare of persons (adults) and children with disabilities through the provision of benefits for necessary disability welfare services and provision of other forms of support to enable persons (adults) and children with disabilities to live independent daily or social lives according to their respective abilities and aptitudes, as well as to help bring about the realization of local communities in which citizens can live peacefully and securely with respect for each other's personality and character, regardless of disabilities, according to the basic principles of the Basic Act for Persons with Disabilities (Act No.84 of 1970), combined with the Act for the welfare of Persons with Physical Disabilities (Act No.283 of 1949), the Act for the welfare of persons with intellectual disabilities (Act No.37 of 1960), the Act for the Mental Health and Welfare of the Persons with Mental Disorders (Act No.123 of 1950), the Child Welfare Act (Act No.164 of 1947), and other Acts pertaining to the welfare of persons (adults) and children with disabilities.
- 法第十九条の規定による届出をしようとする者は、法第五条第二項第四号に掲げる事項の変更の届出にあつては当該変更に係る事実のあつた日の翌日から起算して三十日以内に、同号に掲げる事項以外の事項の変更の届出にあつては当該変更に係る事実のあつた日の翌日から起算して十日以内に、第十一条第二項に規定する書類のうち当該変更事項に係る書類を添えて、特定労働者派遣事業変更届出書(様式第十号)を厚生労働大臣に提出しなければならない。ただし、届出者が当該変更に係る法第十一条第一項の規定による届出をした際に、法人にあつては第一条の二第二項第一号イからハまでに掲げる書類のうち当該変更事項に係る書類、個人にあつては同項第二号イに掲げる書類のうち当該変更事項に係る書類を添付したときは、当該書類を添付することを要しない。
- A person who intends to make a notification pursuant to the provisions of Article 19 of the Act shall submit a written notice of changes to a specified worker dispatching undertaking (Form 10) to the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, along with documents related to said changed matters out of the documents prescribed in paragraph (2) of Article 11, within 30 days from the day following the day on which the fact pertaining to said changes occurred in the case of making a notification of changes listed in item (iv) of paragraph (2) of Article 5 of the Act, and within ten days from the day following the day on which the fact pertaining to said changes occurred in the case of making a notification of changes other than those listed in the same item; provided, however, that when a notifier has, on the occasion of making a notification under paragraph (1) of Article 11 of the Act with regard to said changes, attached documents related to said changed matters out of the documents listed in (a) to (c) of item (i) of paragraph (2) of Article 1-2 in the case of a juridical person, or documents related to said changed matters out of the documents listed in (a) of item (ii) of the same paragraph in the case of an individual, said documents are not required.
- 認定審査会、都道府県介護認定審査会、給付費審査委員会若しくは保険審査会の委員、保険審査会の専門調査員若しくは連合会若しくは連合会から第四十一条第十一項(第四十二条の二第九項、第四十六条第七項、第四十八条第七項、第五十一条の二第八項、第五十三条第七項、第五十四条の二第九項、第五十八条第七項及び第六十一条の二第八項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により第四十一条第九項、第四十二条の二第八項、第四十六条第六項、第四十八条第六項、第五十一条の二第七項、第五十三条第六項、第五十四条の二第八項、第五十八条第六項若しくは第六十一条の二第七項に規定する審査及び支払に関する事務の委託を受けた法人の役員若しくは職員又はこれらの職にあった者が、正当な理由なしに、職務上知り得た指定居宅サービス事業者、指定地域密着型サービス事業者、指定居宅介護支援事業者、介護保険施設の開設者、指定介護予防サービス事業者、指定地域密着型介護予防サービス事業者、指定介護予防支援事業者若しくは居宅サービス等を行った者の業務上の秘密又は個人の秘密を漏らしたときは、一年以下の懲役又は百万円以下の罰金に処する。
- When a Certification Committee, Prefectural Certification Committee of Needed Long-Term Care, or Examination Committee for Benefit Expense, or member of a Certification Committee for Insurance, professional investigator of a Certification Committee for Insurance, Association, Officer, or personnel of a juridical person which is entrusted with affairs by an Association concerning an examination or payment as prescribed in Article 41, paragraph (9), Article 42-2, paragraph (8), Article 46, paragraph (6), Article 48, paragraph (6), Article 51-2, paragraph (7), Article 53, paragraph (6), Article 54-2, paragraph (8), Article 58, paragraph (6), or Article 61-2, paragraph (7), pursuant to the provisions of Article 41, paragraph (11) (including a case applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 42-2, paragraph (9), Article 46, paragraph (7), Article 48, paragraph (7), Article 51-2, paragraph (8), Article 53, paragraph (7), Article 54-2, paragraph (9), Article 58, paragraph (7), and Article 61-2, paragraph (8)), or a person that held said occupation divulges, without justifiable cause, any business confidential information or personal confidential information of a Designated In-Home Service Provider, Designated Community-Based Service Provider, Designated In-Home Long-Term Care Support Provider, an organizer of a Long-Term Care Insurance Facility, Designated Provider of Preventive Long-Term Care Service, Designated Provider of Community-Based Preventive Service of Long-Term Care, Designated Provider of Support for Prevention of Long-Term Care or a person that provided In-Home Service, etc., that said person has come to learn, shall be imprisoned with compulsory labor for less than one year or fined an amount not to exceed one million yen.
- この法律において「公益通報」とは、労働者(労働基準法(昭和二十二年法律第四十九号)第九条に規定する労働者をいう。以下同じ。)が、不正の利益を得る目的、他人に損害を加える目的その他の不正の目的でなく、その労務提供先(次のいずれかに掲げる事業者(法人その他の団体及び事業を行う個人をいう。以下同じ。)をいう。以下同じ。)又は当該労務提供先の事業に従事する場合におけるその役員、従業員、代理人その他の者について通報対象事実が生じ、又はまさに生じようとしている旨を、当該労務提供先若しくは当該労務提供先があらかじめ定めた者(以下「労務提供先等」という。)、当該通報対象事実について処分(命令、取消しその他公権力の行使に当たる行為をいう。以下同じ。)若しくは勧告等(勧告その他処分に当たらない行為をいう。以下同じ。)をする権限を有する行政機関又はその者に対し当該通報対象事実を通報することがその発生若しくはこれによる被害の拡大を防止するために必要であると認められる者(当該通報対象事実により被害を受け又は受けるおそれがある者を含み、当該労務提供先の競争上の地位その他正当な利益を害するおそれがある者を除く。次条第三号において同じ。)に通報することをいう。
- The term "Whistleblowing" as used in this Act shall mean whistleblowing made by a worker (which shall mean worker as provided for in Article 9 of the Labor Standards Act (Act No. 49 of 1947); the same shall apply hereinafter), without a purpose of obtaining an wrongful gain, a purpose of causing damages to others, or any other wrongful purpose, about Reportable Fact that has been occurred, is being occurred or is about to be occurred by "Business Operator" (which shall mean any of the following business operators (which shall mean juridical person, other organization and individual who operates a business)), or such persons as officer, employee or agent in the workplace where the worker is occupied in performing the Business Operator's business activities, to the said Business Operator or the person designated by the said Business Operator in advance (hereinafter referred to as "Business Operator, etc."), to an Administrative Organ with the authority to impose disposition (which shall mean an order, rescission, and other acts involving the exercise of public authority; the same shall apply hereinafter) or recommendation, etc. (which shall mean a recommendation and other acts which are not disposition; the same shall apply hereinafter) upon the said Reportable Fact, or to any person who are recognized to be necessary to do whistleblowing to the said Reportable Fact in order to prevent the occurrence thereof or the spread of damage caused thereby (including person who suffers or might suffer damage from the said Reportable Fact, but excluding any person who might cause damages to the competitive position or any other legitimate interests of the Business Operator; the same shall apply in Item (iii) of the following Article.).
- 法第三十二条の三第二項の厚生労働省令で定めるときは、当分の間、第二十条第二項に規定するほか、同項の芸能家、家政婦(家政一般の業務(個人の家庭又は寄宿舎その他これに準ずる施設において行われるものに限る。)、患者、病弱者等の付添いの業務又は看護の補助の業務(病院等の施設において行われるものに限る。)を行う者)、配ぜん人(正式の献立による食事を提供するホテル、料理店、会館等において、正式の作法による食卓の布設、配ぜん、給仕等の業務(これらの業務に付随した飲食器等の器具の整理及び保管に必要な業務を含む。)を行う者)、調理士(調理、栄養及び衛生に関する専門的な知識及び技能を有し、調理の業務を行う者)、同項のモデル又はマネキン(専門的な商品知識及び宣伝技能を有し、店頭、展示会等において相対する顧客の購買意欲をそそり、販売の促進に資するために各種商品の説明、実演等の宣伝の業務(この業務に付随した販売の業務を含む。)を行う者)の職業に係る求職者から求職の申込みを受理した時以降六百七十円(免税事業者にあつては、六百五十円)の求職受付手数料を徴収するときとする。ただし、同一の求職者に係る求職の申込みの受理が一箇月間に三件を超える場合にあつては、一箇月につき三件分に相当する額とする。
- The cases specified by an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as provided by Article 32-3, paragraph 2 of the Act shall be, for the time being, in addition to the cases provided by Article 20, paragraph 2, the cases under which the fee of 670 yen (or 650 yen in case of a tax exempt business provider) for accepting the job application is collected upon acceptance of the job application of a job seeker for occupations pertaining to the entertainer set forth in the same paragraph, domestic helper (a person who provides general housekeeping businesses (limited to those provided at a house of an individual, dormitory or other equivalent facilities)), care-giving or nursing-assisting businesses for patients, invalids, etc. (limited to those provided at a hospital or other equivalent facility), person in charge of serving food (a person who provides table-coordinating, food-serving or waiting businesses, etc. following proper manners at a hotel, restaurant, hall, etc. serving foods by following proper menu (including the businesses necessary for organizing and storing the tools such as the tableware associated with such businesses)), cook (a person having the expertise and skills concerning the cooking, nutrition and sanitation and providing cooking businesses), modeling in the same paragraph or mannequin (a person having the expertise and advertising skills concerning the goods and providing such advertising businesses as the explanation, demonstration, etc. of various goods for stimulating the willingness to spend of the customers over-the-counter or at the exhibition (including the sales businesses)); provided, however, the amount shall be equivalent to the fees for three such cases per month if the number of the job applications accepted from the same job seeker exceeds three per month.
- 船員職業安定法(昭和二十三年法律第百三十号)第六条第一項に規定する船員及び同項に規定する船員になろうとする者に関しては、第四条第一項並びに同条第四項及び第五項(同条第六項、第十条第二項、第十一条第三項及び第十三条第三項において準用する場合を含む。)、第十条第一項、第十一条第二項、第十三条第二項並びに前三条中「厚生労働大臣」とあるのは「国土交通大臣」と、第四条第四項(同条第六項、第十条第二項、第十一条第三項及び第十三条第三項において準用する場合を含む。)中「労働政策審議会」とあるのは「船員中央労働委員会」と、第六条第二号、第七条、第九条第三項、第十二条及び第二十九条第二項中「厚生労働省令」とあるのは「国土交通省令」と、第九条第三項中「労働基準法(昭和二十二年法律第四十九号)第六十五条第一項の規定による休業を請求し、又は同項若しくは同条第二項の規定による休業をしたこと」とあるのは「船員法(昭和二十二年法律第百号)第八十七条第一項又は第二項の規定によつて作業に従事しなかつたこと」と、第十七条第一項、第十八条第一項及び第二十九条第二項中「都道府県労働局長」とあるのは「地方運輸局長(運輸監理部長を含む。)」と、第十八条第一項中「個別労働関係紛争の解決の促進に関する法律第六条第一項の紛争調整委員会(以下「委員会」という。)に調停を行わせる」とあるのは「船員地方労働委員会に調停を委任する」とする。
- With regard to the mariners and persons seeking to become mariners prescribed in Article 6 paragraph 1 of the Seafarer's Employment Security Act (Act No. 130 of 1948), the term "The Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare" in Article 4 paragraphs 1, 4, and 5 (including cases in which the aforementioned applies mutatis mutandis to Article 4 paragraph 6, Article 10 paragraph 2, Article 11 paragraph 3, and Article 13 paragraph 3), Article 10 paragraph 1, Article 11 paragraph 2, Article 13 paragraph 2, and Articles 28, 29, and 30 shall be deemed to be replaced with "Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"; the term "Labor Policy Council" in Article 4 paragraph 4 (including cases in which the aforementioned applies mutatis mutandis to Article 4 paragraph 6, Article 10 paragraph 2, Article 11 paragraph 3, and Article 13 paragraph 3) shall be deemed to be replaced with "Central Labor Relations Commission for Mariners."; the term "Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare" in Article 6 item 2, Article 7, Article 9 paragraph 3, Article 12, and Article 29 paragraph 2 shall be deemed to be replaced with "Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"; the term "requesting a leave as prescribed in Article 65 paragraph 1, of the Labor Standards Act (Act No. 49 of 1947) or having taken a leave as prescribed in the same Article, paragraph 1 or 2 of the same Act" in Article 9, paragraph 3 shall be deemed to be replaced with "having been absent from work as prescribed in Article 87 paragraph 1 or 2 of the Mariners' Act (Act No. 100 of 1947)"; the term "directors of Prefectural Labor Offices" in Article 17 paragraph 1, Article 18 paragraph 1, and Article 29 paragraph 2 shall be deemed to be replaced with "District Transport Bureau Chief (including Director of Marine Transport Control Department)"; the term "refer to the Disputes Adjustment Commission provided for in Article 6 paragraph 1 of the Act on Promoting the Resolution of Individual Labor Disputes (hereinafter referred to as "Commission") for conciliation" in Article 18 paragraph 1 shall be deemed to be replaced with "refer to the District Labor Relations Commission for Mariners for conciliation."