伝記: 189 Terms and Phrases

• 伝記
• biography
• life story
• memoir
• Biographies

• 伝記物
• biographical writings

• 伝記の
• biographic

• 伝記絵
• Denki-e (pictorial biographies)

• 宣伝記事
• publicity article

• 伝記作者
• biographer

• 伝記作家
• biographer

• 伝記文学
• biographical literature

• 伝記映画
• biographical film
• biopic
• Biographical films

• 伝記風の
• biographic

• 伝記体の
• biographic

• 伝記史料
• Historical biography

• 伝記の資料
• biographical data

• 自身の伝記
• a biography of yourself

• 伝記的な梗概
• biographical sketch

• 存命人物の伝記
• Biography articles of living people
• Biographies of living persons

• 公認された伝記
• the authorized biography

• エストポリス伝記
• Lufia
• Lufia & the Fortress of Doom

• 戯作者の伝記資料
• Biographical material of the Gesaku writers

• 普通短い伝記を含む
• usually includes a short biography

• 性空上人伝記遺続集
• Biography collection of Priest Shoku

• 他人の伝記を書く人
• someone who writes an account of a person's life

• 伝記・自伝 - 往生伝
• Biographies and autobiographies: Ojoden (biographies of people who attained rebirth in the Pure Land)

• 慎重に参照をつけられた伝記
• a carefully referenced biography

• 10世紀初頭：『続浦島子伝記』
• The early 10th century: 'Zoku Ura Shimako no Denki' (a biography of Ura Shimako, second series)

• その他源義経にまつわる伝記類。
• Other biographies about MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune.

• 日本語題：幼児の伝記的スケッチ
• A Biographical Sketch of an Infant

• 僕にも伝記作家がいなくては困る。
• I am lost without my Boswell.

• 偉大な天才は最短の伝記を有する。
• Great geniuses have the shortest biographies.

• 尊敬すべきか理想化する伝記の著者
• the author of a worshipful or idealizing biography

• 彼はある有名な詩人の伝記を書いた。
• He wrote a biography of a famous poet.

• 事件の短い報告（特に伝記における）
• short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

• 世界の歴史は偉人の伝記に外ならない。
• The history of the world is but the biography of great men.

• 私は写真画を使って彼の伝記を話した。
• I illustrated his biography with some pictures.

• 良い伝記はおもしろくて、ためにもなる。
• A good biography is interesting and instructive.

• このときあわせて伝記が出版されている。
• Biography was also published at the same time.

• 伝記の、伝記に関する、または、伝記である
• of or relating to or being biography

• ｢東大寺要録」の伝記によると、「容貌殊麗。
• According to the biography of 'the record of Todai-ji Temple,' she was beautiful with an attractive body.

• 享年は七十二（『三宅氏正伝記』の誤記か）。
• He died at the age of 72 (this could be a writing error in 'The Biography of the Miyake Clan').

• 『伊勢二所皇太神御鎮座伝記』（御鎮座伝記）
• 'Isenisho kotaijin gochinza denki' (Gochinza denki)

• リンカンの伝記は世界中の子供に読まれている。
• The life of Lincoln is read by children all over the world.

• 彼の伝記は全くの事実に即して書かれたものだ。
• His biography is quite true to life.

• ※本年表は子息による伝記に基づくものである。
• *The Time Table used was referenced from the biography written by his son.

• 秀吉の伝記である『天正記』の著者として知られる。
• He was known as a writer of the biography of Hideyoshi 'Tenshoki.'

• 人を理想化しまたは偶像化する伝記（とくに聖人の）
• a biography that idealizes or idolizes the person (especially a person who is a saint)

• また「近世畸人伝」は蒿蹊の伝記として有名である。
• In addition, ' Kinsei Kijinden' is famous as Kokei's biography.

• 父の伝記を書いた自家製本「三岳全集第１巻」を完成
• He completed the self bound book 'the complete works of Sangaku: Vol. 1' in which he wrote his father's biography.

• ちょっとその伝記索引を、本棚からとってくれたまえ」
• Just give me down my index of biographies from the shelf.'

• ロックスターはこの中傷的な伝記を決して承認しなかった
• The rock star never authorized this slanderous biography

• 新羅の華厳宗の祖とされる義湘と元暁の伝記絵巻である。
• Portrays the lives of Silla Kingdom Kegon Sect founders Uisang and Wonhyo.

• 上宮聖徳法王帝説－聖徳太子の伝記で、現存唯一の写本。
• Jogu Shotoku Hooteisetsu (Biography of Shotoku Taishi) - This is the only surviving copy of the biography of Prince Shotoku.

• 同時代から言行録や伝記を通じて名君伝説が確立している。
• His memoirs and biographies written while he was still alive gave rise to the legend of his being a wise ruler.

• 後に宮尾登美子によって書かれた松園の伝記の題名にもなった。
• The title was later used by novelist Tomiko MIYAO for the title of her biography of Shoen.

• 記録文書は信憑性のある伝記を書くために豊富な資料を提供した
• the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography

• フランスの作家で、伝記が最も有名（1885年−1967年）
• French writer best known for his biographies (1885-1967)

• 「星亨とその時代」全2巻　平凡社東洋文庫が、基本的伝記である。
• 'Toru HOSHI and his era', which spans two volumes, published by Heibonsha, Toyo Bunko, is his biography.

• 伝記…鑑賞的であるが目的において公正である−タイラー・デネット
• a biography ...appreciative and yet judicial in purpose-Tyler Dennett

• バイロンの出版された伝記には、上手く、楽しく書かれた長所があった
• Byron's consumed memoirs possessed the merit of being well and entertainingly written

• 士官学校同期の福田雅太郎の伝記「福田大将伝」には次のようにある。
• 'Biography of General Fukuda' written by Masataro FUKUDA, Kumeo's contemporary at the military academy, describes as follows.

• また、1984年には小坂井澄が伝記『モルガンお雪』を書いている。
• In 1984, Sumi KOSAKAI wrote a biography entitled 'Morgan O-yuki'.

• 過去七仏から天台徳韶門下に至る禅僧その他僧侶の伝記を収録している。
• It contains biographies of Zen priests and the other Buddhist monks from Kako Shichibutsu (Seven Buddhas of the Past or six Buddhas who came prior to Shaka) to those studying under Tendai Tokusho.

• 国史体から発展して後に漢文伝という漢文の伝記が書かれるようになった。
• Later the biographies called kanbun-den, which was developed from Kokushi-tai, were written in classical Chinese (kanbun).

• 古書などから得られた古人の詳細で膨大な知識を蓄え、伝記を起し始める。
• Based upon his detailed and extensive knowledge about the people of the old which he accumulated through reading of old books, MIMURA began writing biographies.

• これは『尊卑分脈』の伝記が物語にしたがって書かれたことを示唆している。
• This indicates that the biographies in 'Sonpi Bunmyaku' were written according to the tale.

• ギリシアの伝記作家で、『対比列伝』を書いた（紀元後46?年−120年）
• Greek biographer who wrote Parallel Lives (46?-120 AD)

• 夫や子供の出世以前に没したために詳細な伝記については不明な部分が多い。
• As such, because she died before her husband and children advanced in the world, details of her life are few.

• 筆者の道祐は、宇喜多氏の伝記物『宇喜多伝』等を執筆する伝記作家である。
• The writer, Doyu left other biographies including 'Ukita-den' (Biography of the Ukita clan).

• 伝記を書くことが難しいのは、それが半ば記録であり、半ば芸術であるからだ。
• The difficulty with biography is that it is partly record and partly art.

• その栄光と悲惨は田山力哉の伝記「小説浦山桐郎　夏草の道」に描かれている。
• His glory and misery are described in the biography 'Shosetsu Urayama Kirio Natsukusa no michi' (The novel, Kirio URAYAMA, the road of summer grass) by Rikiya TAYAMA.

• 南条と笠原の伝記が、前嶋信次『インド学の曙』世界聖典刊行協会の前半にある。
• Biographies of Nanjo and Kasahara were written in the early chapter of 'Indogaku no Akebono' (Dawn of Indology) written by Shinji MAEJIMA and published by Sekai Seiten Kyokai.

• 伝記は「一遍上人絵詞伝（遊行上人縁起絵）」巻5～10に詳しく載せられている。
• His biography is detailed in 'Ippen Shonin Eshiden' (Yugyo Shonin Engi-e) volumes 5-10.

• 昭和5年（1930年）には西園寺公望の半生を記した伝記『陶庵公』を執筆する。
• In 1930, he wrote 'Toanko' (Marquis Toan), a biography of Kinmochi SAIONJI, in which he depicted Saionji's half a lifetime.

• ただし作中に業平の実名は出ず、また業平に伝記的に帰せられない和歌や挿話も多い。
• Nevertheless, he does no appear under his real name in the text and there are a number of poems and episodes that cannot be ascribed to his biography.

• 有名なギリシア人とローマ人を対にした伝記集で、プルタルコスによって書かれたもの
• a collection of biographies of famous pairs of Greeks and Romans written by Plutarch

• 英国の作家で、シャーロット・ブロンテの伝記で知られる（1810年−1865年）
• English writer who is remembered for her biography of Charlotte Bronte (1810-1865)

• 浜成の伝記は伝わってないが、『古語拾遺』の選者斎部広成と同一人物という説もある。
• Although no biography of Hamanari has been handed down, some insist that he is the very same person with INBE no Hironari who wrote 'Kogo shui' (Gleanings of Old Words).

• 画面下部に「思堪」の朱印があり、これが画家名と思われるが、その伝記等は不明である。
• There is a red seal of 'Shitan' on the under side of picture, which seems to be the name of the painter, but his life is unknown.

• 英国の伝記作家でブルームズベリーグループの主要なメンバー（1880年−1932年）
• English biographer and leading member of the Bloomsbury Group (1880-1932)

• 『大鏡』のあとを受けた伝記・逸話集の『今鏡』は嘉応2年（1170年）成立とみられる。
• 'Imakagami' (The Mirror of the Present), collection of biography and anecdotes, completed after 'Okagami,' is regarded completed in 1170.

• 売茶翁の生涯を綴った唯一の伝記「売茶翁伝」（『売茶翁偈語』巻頭）を著し後世に伝えた。
• He composed 'Baisaoden' (the preface of 'Baisao Gego' (Verses and Prose by the Old Tea Seller)), which was the only biography concerning the life of Baisao; the story was thus handed down to succeeding generations.

• 代表的な伝記として、児島襄著『大山巌』全４巻（文藝春秋のち文春文庫）があるが品切れ。
• The four volumes of 'Iwao OYAMA' written by Noboru KOJIMA (published by Bungeishunju Ltd., later Bunshun Bunko) is a representative biography, but now is out of stock.

• 未だに本格的な伝記はないが、対馬市厳原町中村の生家跡とされる場所に半井桃水館がある。
• There is not a comprehensive biography of him yet; however, there is Tousui NAKARAI museum in Nakamura, Izuhara-machi, Tsushima-City, where it was believed to be his birthplace.

• 鎌倉時代には、歌仙絵巻、戦記絵巻、そして寺社縁起や高僧の伝記絵巻などが多く制作された。
• During the Kamakura period, many emaki were produced, including kasen emaki (illustrated scrolls of celebrated poets), senki emaki (illustrated scrolls of war tales), jisha engi (illustrated legends of temples and shrines) and denki emaki (scrolls of illustrated biographies of well-known priests).

• 古代から藤原氏に代々伝えられてきた、藤原氏初期の歴史が記された伝記であり、上・下とある。
• Within a two-volume series, the Toshi Kaden contains family histories of the early Fujiwara Clan which were passed down through many generations.

• 渋沢は慶喜の晩年、慶喜の伝記編纂を目指し、渋る慶喜を説得し直話を聞く「昔夢会」を開いた。
• In Yoshinobu's last years, SHIBUSAWA aimed to edit Yoshinobu's biography; he persuaded unwilling Yoshinobu and started 'Sekimukai' meetings to hear stories directly from Yoshinobu.

• ちなみに、龍馬の伝記を書いた歴史家としては、平尾道雄・池田敬正・飛鳥井雅道などが代表的。
• The representatives of historians who wrote the biography of Ryoma are Michio HIRAO, Takamasa IKEDA, and Masamichi ASUKAI.

• 道元は明全の遺骨を持ち帰り「舎利相伝記」を表し、明全の戒牒に奥書を記して永平寺に納めた。
• Dogen brought back the remains of Myozen, wrote ''Shari sodenki' (Record of the Transmission of Sarira), and wrote an Okugaki (postscript) on Myozen's kaicho (certificates of reception of Buddhist commandments) and placed it in Eihei-ji Temple.

• スコットランド人の著者で、サミュエル・ジョンソの伝記で知られる（1740年−1795年）
• Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)

• 朝野魚養は能書（書道の名人）とされ、空海の書の師ともいうが、伝記のはっきりしない人物である。
• ASANO no Nakai is said to have been a master of calligraphy and Kukai's calligraphy teacher, but details of his life are unclear.

• そうしてまた、立花峯均は57歳のとき、宮本武蔵の伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』を書き上げた。
• Moreover, at 52 years of age Minehira wrote a biography of Musashi MIYAMOTO entitled `Heihotaiso Bushu Genshinko Denrai`.

• 天正2年（1574年）5月11日、68歳の稙通は家領・家伝記録類の一切を養子の兼孝に譲った。
• On June 10, 1574, 68-year-old Tanemichi handed over all the territories and the records of family traditions to his adopted son Kanetaka.

• 友信は崋山の死後の明治14年（1881年）に「崋山先生略伝」として崋山の伝記を書き残している。
• Tomonobu authored a biography of Kazan titled 'Kazan Sensei Ryakuden' (Brief History of Teacher Kazan) in 1881, after the death of Kazan.

• 浮世絵類考（うきよえるいこう）は、浮世絵師の伝記、経歴をあつめたもので美術史の基礎史料である。
• The Ukiyo-e Ruiko is basic material of the art history, collected biographies and backgrounds of ukiyo-e (Japanese woodblock prints) artists.

• 著名な者としては、曾我蛇足、松谿、岳翁蔵丘らがいるが、これらの人物の伝記はあまり明らかでない。
• Dasoku SOGA, Shokei and Zokyu GAKUO are famous but their lives are less-obvious.

• 曾孫である手塚治虫は、後に手塚良仙を主人公の1人とした伝記漫画「陽だまりの樹」を執筆している。
• In later years, Osamu TEZUKA, his great-grandchild, wrote a biographical manga (cartoon) titled, 'Hidamari no ki' (Trees in the sun) featuring Ryosen TEZUKA as one of the main characters.

• 家伝下（「武智麻呂伝」）の著・編者は僧延慶 (僧)であり、藤原武智麻呂の伝記を記したものである。
• The second volume of the Kaden (known formally 'Muchimaro-den') was written and edited by Enkei, the Buddhist priest, and it describes the biography of FUJIWARA no Muchimaro.

• 天皇・廷臣の死亡記事に短い伝記（薨伝）を付けたことは『続日本紀』にならい、後続の史書と同じである。
• As was the case with 'Shoku-Nihongi,' short biographies called koden were added to the obituaries of the emperors and retainers of the Imperial Court, which was the same approach seen in the subsequent history books.

• 「弘仁・貞観文化」から「貞観文化」への過渡期を詳述し六国史の中ではもっとも人間臭い伝記を収めている。
• It describes in detail the transitional period from the Konin-Jogan culture to the Jogan culture, and among the Six National Histories it contains the most human-like biographies.

• 慶滋保胤は阿弥陀信仰によって極楽往生を遂げたと言われる人々の伝記を集め、『日本往生極楽記』を著した。
• YOSHISHIGE no Yasutane collected biographies of people who attained gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) by Amida worship and wrote the 'Nihon ojo gokurakuki' (Japanese records of birth into the Pure Land).

• 平安時代に著された聖徳太子の伝記『聖徳太子伝暦』は、聖徳太子伝説の集大成として多数の伝説を伝えている。
• 'Shotoku Taishi Denryaku,' a biography of Shotoku Taishi written during the Heian period, introduces a lot of legends as a collection of Shotoku Taishi legends.

• また、『桃源遺事』『義公遺事』『玄桐筆事』などの伝記史料には幼少時からの非凡を示す逸話が記されている。
• Mitsukuni's prodigy left many episodes in such biographical sources as 'Togen Iji,' 'Giko Iji,' and 'Gento Hitsuji.'

• 伝記である『建撕記』によれば、3歳で父（通親）を、8歳で母を失って、異母兄である堀川通具の養子になった。
• According to the biography 'Kenzeiki', he lost his father (Michichika) at 3 years of age, his mother at 8, and was adopted by his half brother Michitomo HORIKAWA.

• 弟子の修栄が撰した『南天竺婆羅門僧正碑』及び『東大寺要録』中の「大安寺菩提伝来記」に伝記が残されている。
• His biography was recorded in 'NanTenjiku Baramon Sojo Hi' (Stone Monument for Baramon Sojo [high Buddhist priest Barahman] from India) compiled by his disciple Shuei, and in 'Daianji Bodai Denraiki' (Introduction of bodhi at Daian-ji Temple) of 'Todaiji Yoroku' (the Digest Record of Todai-ji Temple).

• 英国の歴史家で、アメリカの革命の歴史と彼のおじであるマコーレー卿の伝記を書いた（1838年−1928年）
• English historian who wrote a history of the American revolution and a biography of his uncle Lord Macaulay (1838-1928)

• 米国の作家で、自由詩の彼の詩と彼のアブラハム・リンカーンの6巻の伝記で知られる（1878年−1967年）
• United States writer remembered for his poetry in free verse and his six volume biography of Abraham Lincoln (1878-1967)

• 浜野卓也『講談社 火の鳥伝記文庫 明智光秀—本能寺の変』講談社,1991年 ISBN 4061475789
• 'Kodansha Hi no Tori Denki Bunko Akechi Mitsuhide - Honno-ji no Hen' by Takuya HAMANO Kodansya 1991 ISBN4061475789

• 最澄（伝教大師）の得度や受戒に関わる文書類3点を一巻としたもので、最澄の伝記資料としてきわめて貴重なもの。
• This is a highly valuable biographical document on Saicho (Dengyo Daishi), which is a scroll comprised of three writings concerning his tokudo (entering the Buddhist priesthood) and jukai (receiving the religious precepts).

• 漢文伝（かんぶんでん）とは、中国正史の紀伝体や日本正史の国史体の影響を受けて書かれた漢文による伝記のこと。
• Kanbunden is a style of biography written in classical Chinese, influenced by Kidentai (an East Asian historical writing style) of Chinese authentic history and Kokushitai (Japanese historical writing style) of Japanese authentic history.

• 後世に作られた泰澄の伝記「泰澄和尚伝」によれば、14歳の時越智山にのぼり、十一面観音を念じて修行を積んだ。
• According to 'Taicho-osho-den' (Biography of Priest Taicho) compiled at a later time, Taicho climbed Mt. Ochi at the age of 14 for training while praying to Eleven-faced Kannon (Goddess of Mercy).

• また、779年（宝亀10年）には鑑真の伝記「唐大和上東征伝」を記し、現在も貴重な史料として認められている。
• He wrote Jianzhen's biography 'Todaiwajo Toseiden' (Eastern Expedition of the Great Tang Monk) in 779, which is recognized as one of the most valuable historical materials.

• 明治26年（1893年）には、民友社「十二文豪」シリーズの1冊としてトーマス・マコーリーの伝記を担当する。
• In 1893, he took charge of the biography of Thomas MACAULAY, as one of the books compiled in a series published by Minyu-sha under the name of 'Juni Bungo' (Twelve great literary figures).

• しかし、その知名度の高さと後世への影響の大きさに比べ、その伝記には不明な点が多く、生没年さえわかっていない。
• Despite his name recognition and the huge influence he left on his successors, much about his life history is unclear and his date of birth and death are still unknown.

• 文永9年（1272年）、70歳の年まで存命したことは確実であるが、その生涯の伝記的事項には不明な部分が多い。
• It has been authenticated that he was still alive at the age of 70 in 1272 but many of the biographical matters of his life are unknown.

• 中島家に伝わる伝記によれば、山名満幸の子・三重郎幸康（嘉吉元年（1441年）3月没）なる人物を初めとしている。
• According to a biography handed down through the Nakashima family, the family was founded by Sanjuro Yukiyasu (died in April 1441), a son of Mitsuyuki YAMANA.

• 往生伝とは、極楽往生をしたものの伝記またはその伝記を集めたもので、日本往生極楽記は日本で最古の往生伝とされる。
• Ojoden refers to a memoir of a person who reached the celestial realm (the Pure Land of Amitabha (Amida Buddha)) and was transformed to Buddha or to the collection of such memoirs, and 'Nihon Ojo Gokuraku-ki' is considered the oldest ojoden in Japan.

• 家伝上（「大織冠伝」）の著・編者は恵美押勝であり、藤原鎌足と定恵と藤原史(藤原不比等)の伝記を記したものである。
• The first volume of the Kaden (known formally as 'Taishokukan-den') was written and edited by Oshikatsu EMI and it describes the biographies of Kamatari FUJIWARA, Joe, and Fuhito FUJIWARA (FUJIWARA no Fuhito).

• 『中山東下記』『中山伝記』といった小説(共に事件よりあまり隔たらない時期の成立と見られる)が密かに書かれている。
• Novels such as 'Nakayama Togeki' and 'Nakayama Denki' (Nakayama biography) were written in secret - both not long after the actual incident.

• そして私には、ここで伝記を記した幼児は、５ヶ月を少し過ぎたくらいで同情的な言い回しが分かっているように思われた。
• and it seemed to me that the infant whose biography I have here given understood a compassionate expression at a little over five months old.

• 西南戦争終了後に「自分ほど西郷を知っている者はいない」と言って、西郷の伝記の執筆を重野安譯に頼んでいたりしていた。
• After the end of the Seinan War, he said there was nobody who knew SAIGO better than him, and he asked Yasutsugu SHIGENO to write SAIGO's biography.

• 可翁については作品に「可翁」の印が残るのみで伝記は不明だが、元に渡航した禅僧の可翁宗然と同人とする説が有力である。
• Kao's life is not known other than his signature of 'Kao' on his work, but there is a widely-accepted theory which considers him as the same person as Sonen KAO, a Zen priest who went to Yuan.

• 多くの禅僧の伝記を収録しているため、俗に「1,700人の公案」と呼ばれているが、実際に伝のあるものは965人である。
• As it contains biographies of numerous Zen priests, Keitokudentoroku is commonly referred to as the '1700 Koans' (koan is a puzzling, often paradoxical statement or story, used in Zen Buddhism as an aid to meditation and a means of gaining spiritual awakening) but, in fact, it includes records of 965 persons.

• この年11月7日、オリバー・クロムウェルの伝記である『格朗穵（クロムウェル）』を刊行して在野史家としてデビューを飾る。
• In November 7 of the same year, he published a biography of Oliver CROMWELL, titled 'CROMWELL,' and impressed his debut as an unofficial historian.

• 田村麻呂は、天平宝字2年（758年）に坂上苅田麻呂の次男（「坂上氏系図」）または三男（「田邑麻呂伝記」）として生まれた。
• Tamuramaro was born as the second (according to the 'Genealogical Chart of the Sakanoue Clan') or third ('Biography of Tamuramaro') son of SAKANOUE no Karitamaro in 758.

• その中心は、実在の釈迦の伝記としての仏伝を絵解き風に造形化したもの、あるいは、その一場面を単独で造像したものなどであった。
• Most of them were designed to describe the real Shaka's biography as a picture or to shape a particular scene separately.

• また、779年（宝亀10年）、淡海三船により鑑真の伝記『唐大和上東征伝』が記され、鑑真の事績を知る貴重な史料となっている。
• Additionally, in 779, Ganjin's biography, 'To Daiwajo Toseiden' (Eastern Expedition of Ganjin, the Great Tang Monk) was written by OMI no Mifune, which is a precious historical material to indicate Ganjin's achievement.

• これを元に『中山東下記』『中山伝記』といった小説（共に事件よりあまり隔たらない時期の成立と見られる）が密かに書かれている。
• Based on the incident, novels such as 'Nakayama Togeki' and 'Nakayama Denki,' both of which were completed not so long after the incident, were written clandestinely.

• 晩年は大学時代の恩師会津八一の伝記映画の準備をしていたが、1996年10月4日、心筋梗塞のため東京都世田谷区の自宅で死去。
• In his later years he worked on a film biography of Yaichi AIZU, his teacher in college, but on October 4, 1996, he died of cardiac infarction at home in Setagaya Ward, Tokyo.

• 892年（寛平4年）駿河国掾、902年（延喜2年）大舎人大允に任命されたことが知られる以外、伝記・経歴については不詳である。
• His biography and career is unknown beyond that he was appointed as Secretary of Suruga Province in 892 and Otoneri no taijo (Senior Secretary of the Bureau of Royal Attendants) in 902.

• 源義経が師事した流派という伝説もあり、様々な人物伝や伝記などの伝承もあるが、どれも具体的な物証などがなく、伝説の域を出ない。
• There is a legend that Yoshitsune MINAMOTO was a follower of this school, and there are many folklores such as stories on various characters and biographies related to the school but none has concrete evidence and do not go beyond being a legend.

• 孝明天皇の公式の伝記である『孝明天皇紀』においては、典医たちは、定期的に天皇の病状を「御容態書」として定期的に発表していた。
• According to Emperor Komei's official biography, 'Komei Tenno ki,' the Emperor's doctors used to make regular announcements in terms of the Emperor's health as 'Emperor's health record.'

• 明治政府の地誌編纂事業に終始尽力した唯一の人物であるが、彼に関する伝記はほぼ皆無に等しく、今日においては殆ど知られていない。
• He was the only person that made every possible effort at the topography compilation project by Meiji Government from beginning to end, but almost no biography has been written about him, and he is scarcely known in the world now.

• 英国の歴史家、ジョージオットー・トレベリアンの息子で、その作品は英国の社会史とガリバルディの伝記を含む（1876年−1962年）
• English historian and son of Sir George Otto Trevelyan whose works include a social history of England and a biography of Garibaldi (1876-1962)

• これらの人物の名前については「聞法師、円明師、下氷君雑物（しもつひのきみくさもの）とも伝えるが、いずれの人物も伝記は不明である。
• Although these names are also said to have been 'Mon shi, Enmyo shi, and Shimotsui no kimi kusamono,' there have not been any biographies found for these individuals.

• 『副島種臣全集』３巻が（島善高編　慧文社）近年刊行され、伝記に丸山幹治（丸山眞男の父）『副島種臣伯』がみすず書房で復刻されている。
• Three volumes of 'The Complete Works of Taneomi SOEJIMA' (edited by Yoshitaka SHIMA, Keibunsha) were published in recent years, and a biography by Kanji MARUYAMA (the father of Masao MARUYAMA) called 'Count Taneomi SOEJIMA' was reissued at Misuzu Shobo publishing company.

• ここから先は、山岡元隣『宝蔵』（寛文11年 (1671)）に両親等とともに門左衛門の一句が収められている他はしばらく伝記が途絶える。
• Then for some time there is no record except one poem by Monzaemon, together with poems by his parents and other people, included in 'Takaragura' (The Treasure House) by Genrin YAMAOKA.

• 上宮聖徳法王帝説（じょうぐうしょうとくほうおうていせつ）は、推古天皇の摂政のいわゆる聖徳太子の伝記とされる現存する最古のものである。
• Jogu Shotoku Hooteisetsu is said to be the oldest existing biography of what was called Prince Shotoku, who was a regent of Emperor Suiko.

• 江戸時代に作られた秀頼の伝記『豊内記』では「秀頼公は太閤の遺言に従い、天下の実権を征夷大将軍家康公に執らせて、大坂城に蟄居していた。
• According to 'Honaiki,' a life history of Hideyori composed during the Edo period, 'Hideyori obeyed the will of Taiko (Hideyoshi) to allow Ieyasu, Seii Taishogun, control the reigns and he confined himself in Osaka-jo Castle.

• が、しかもなお、その事件のすべてのつながりは、彼の伝記的物語から、これを除外することがどうしても出来ないほど、特異なものなのである。
• and yet the whole train of circumstances is so remarkable that I cannot bring myself to omit it entirely from this series.

• ただ、茶書『南方録』と、宮本武蔵の伝記を含む『丹治峯均筆記』を遺したということで、茶の道と兵法の道の二つの道に貢献をした人物である。
• However, Minehira`s legacy of a book about tea (`Nanporoku`) and 'Tanji Hokin Hikki,' which contains biography of Musashi MIYAMOTO, are contributions to two fields: tea and strategy.

• 後にこうした国史や中国の『史記』に代表される歴史書の列伝の影響を受けて、個人の顕彰のためにその伝記が書かれる事が行われるようになった。
• By the influence of those histories of Japan and series of biographies of major Chinese history books such as 'Shiki,' biographies used to be written for rewarding individuals.

• もう一つ、平安時代後期に盛んに製作されるようになった絵巻物の中にも、寺院の開山縁起や高僧の伝記のような仏教を題材としたものが見られる。
• Furthermore, among the emakimonos (illustrated scrolls) which were widely produced in the late Heian period, we find those whose subject matter is Buddhism such as legends of the temple foundation and biographies of high ranking monks.

• この書は、聖徳太子をはじめとして、皇族から僧・庶民にいたる計45人の極楽往生の伝記を載せ、保胤の浄土信仰に基づいて編纂されたものである。
• This document, a collection of memoirs of 45 persons who reached the celestial realm and became Buddha, including Prince Shotoku, Imperial family members, Buddhist monks, and laypersons, was compiled based on Yasutane's worship of the Pure Land.

• 黒田藩の二天一流師範、立花峯均が享保12年（1727年）に著した武蔵の伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』にも、吉岡家との伝承が記されている。
• An instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu in the Kuroda domain, Minehira TACHIBANA (Hokin TANJI) wrote a Musashi's biography 'Heiho Taiso Bushu Genshin-ko Denrai' (Biography of Marvelous Patriarch of Art of Warfare, Esquire Musashi Harunobu), and in that book a legend is found about Musashi's fights with the Yoshioka as well.

• 丹治峯均（立花峯均）が著した武蔵の伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』によると、身長は六尺（約180センチメートル）程であったと記されている。
• According to another biography 'Heiho Taiso Bushu Genshin-ko Denrai' by Hokin TANJI (Minehira TACHIBANA), Musashi was about roku-shaku (180 centimeters tall).

• この伝記は虚実とりまぜた内容だったが、伝三郎は自身の主義として、一切抗議も弁明もしなかったから、事実としてまかり通ることになってしまった。
• Although the biography included both fact and fiction, it was accepted as fact since Denzaburo, true to his principles, didn't protest or offer any explanation.

• 『富士野往来』に始まる歴史物語を織り込んだものは「武家往来」とも呼ばれ、十返舎一九が伝記型の往来物を確立し、更に史詩型の往来物へと発展した。
• Oraimono with historical episodes which started with 'Fujino Orai' are called 'buke orai' (literally, samurai orai) and later developed into the historical poetry style oraimono, after Ikku JUPPENSHA established the biography style oraimono.

• 斎部広成の伝記は、『日本後紀』の808年(大同3年)11/17の条に「正六位上」から「従五位下」に昇ったとあるのみで、ほかの事は分からない。
• Nothing is known about Hironari INBE except that he was promoted from Shorokuinojo (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Grade) to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), as stated in the 'November 17, 808' section of the 'Nihon Kouki'

• 実に感動的なのだが、「頌云」の「業鏡高懸、三十七年、一槌撃砕、大道坦然」は『増集続伝燈録妙堪』の伝記にある遺曷の年齢を変えただけのものである。
• Although it sounds very impressive, the words '業鏡高懸,三十七年,一槌撃砕,大道坦然' in '頌云' were entirely copied from '増集続伝燈録妙堪,' though only the year appearing in the poem composed on his deathbed was changed.

• また、宮本武蔵の伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』の奥書に「丹治峯均入道廓巖翁」と記したことから、丹治 峯均（たんじ ほうきん）の名でも知られる。
• In the postscript of Musashi MIYAMOTO`s biography 'Heihotaiso Bushu Genshinko Denrai' (the biography of Musashi MIYAMOTO by Minehira TACHIBANA) there is a record of `Venerable (poet) GANO (mentioned that) Hokin TANJI entered the (Buddhist) priesthood...': from which it can be deduced that Minehira TACHIBANA was also known by the name `Hokin TANJI`.

• その見方を世間に定着させることになったのは、この事件の直後から主として藩閥政治に批判的で自由民権運動に共感する講談師たちが語り始めた伝三郎の伝記だった。
• This view was established by Kodan-shi (professional storytellers) who, critical of the clan-dominated political system and empathizing with the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, started telling Denzaburo's biography right after the case.

• 現在では、前田利家の証言記録などから六指説を真説とする考えが有力であるものの、一次資料が存在しないこともあり、いまだにこのことに触れない秀吉の伝記は多い。
• Although the view of six fingers is influential from the record of Toshiie MAEDA, many biographies do not mention about this because of lack of clear evidence.

• 明治となっても、三宅雪嶺が『王陽明』という伝記を著して陽明学を顕彰し、また陽明学に国民道徳の基礎を求める雑誌『陽明学』やその類似雑誌がいくつも創刊された。
• Even after the Restoration, Setsurei MIYAKE wrote a biography entitled 'Wang Yangming' to publicly honor Yomeigaku, and several magazines were launched, including 'Yomeigaku', which looked for the basis of national morality in Yomeigaku.

• 彼の事項は木曾家の家譜『高遠記集成』（『木曽福島町史』）と併せて、『木曽考』、『西筑摩郡誌』、『木曽殿伝記』に見えるが、上記のごとく義基との混同が甚だしい。
• Although his name appears in the 'Kiso-ko' (A Study of the Kiso Family), 'Nishichikuma-gun shi' (the Records of Nishi chikuma-gun County), 'Kiso-dono Denki' (Biography of the Kiso Family), along with the historical record of the Kiso family, 'Takatoki Shusei'(Collection of history of Takato) and 'Kiso-fukushima choshi' (History of Kiso-fukushima city), he is often confused with Yoshimune as has been noted above.

• 次に、以下の「史実との関係」にかかわるが、『尊卑分脈』の為義・義朝等の伝記はこの乱についての根本資料である『兵範記』との間に齟齬がみられ、『保元物語』に近い。
• Although it is related to the following 'Relationship to the Historical Facts,' there is a conflict among the biographies of Tameyoshi, Yoshitomo and others in 'Sonpi Bunmyaku (Biographies of Nobles and the Humble)' and 'Heihan-ki (TAIRA no Nobunori's diary)' (which is a main source of this disturbance); moreover, 'Sonpi Bunmyaku' is closer to 'Hogen Monogatari.'

• 児島高徳の子孫の所蔵する『三宅氏正伝記』には、正和元年（1312年）生誕、弘和二年（1382年）十一月二十四日、上野国邑楽郡古海村に於いて没したと記されている。
• According to 'The Biography of the Miyake Clan' owned by descendants of Takanori KOJIMA, Takanori was born in 1312 and died in Kokai Village, Oura County, Kozuke Province on January 6, 1383.

• これは子母澤寛などの伝記により「沖田の刀は“菊一文字細身のつくり”」とされていたことから司馬遼太郎が著作『新撰組血風録』の中で創作した物語が広まったものである。
• The story gained popularity following its appearance in the novel 'Shinsengumi Keppuroku' by Ryotaro SHIBA, who based it on descriptions in biograraphies such as that by Kan SHIMOZAWA, where the sword is described as being 'a thin Kikuichimonji one'.

• 法然の伝記の一つである『醍醐本法然上人伝記』（『昭和新修法然上人全集』所収）のなかに「善人尚以往生況悪人乎 口伝有之」と、『口伝鈔』『歎異抄』と同じ文言がある。
• In one biography of Honen ('The World's Fine Things: Biography of Priest Honen') included in 'Showa Shinshu Honen Shonin Zenshu' (complete works of Honen Shonin) appears: 'Word of mouth commentary on the righteous die happier than the evil' which is also found in Kudensho ('What Shinran Taught') and 'Tannisho' (Lamentations).

• それ以後続けて編年体の正史が作られたが、続日本紀以後は、編年体を基本としながらも人物の薨去記事に簡単な伝記を付載する「国史体」とよばれる独自のスタイルが確立した。
• From that point onward, official histories were written in chronological order, but beginning with Shoku Nihongi (Chronicles of Japan, Continued), a unique new style emerged in which the history, although at its fundamental level still written chronologically, also included accounts of the deaths of famous people as well as simple biographies; this style was termed 'Kokushitai' (Japanese-style chronological history).

• これらの結果、1928年（昭和3年）には従五位に列せられ、1933年（昭和8年）には山口藤次郎の手による伝記が刊行されたが、あくまで本草学者としての評価であった。
• As a result of these he was ranked Jugoi (Junior Fifth Rank) in 1928 and his biography by Tojiro YAMAGUCHI was published in 1933; however he was evaluated only as a scholar of herbalism.

• 寺院に依存しない一所不住の諸国遊行や、入寂に際して「一代聖教皆尽きて南無阿弥陀仏に成り果てぬ」と自らの著作を燃やしたという伝記から、その高潔さに惹かれる現代人は多い。
• Many modern people are fascinated by his high-mindedness symbolized by his pilgrimages to various provinces without staying in one place to depend on a temple, and his last moments, according to his biography, in which he burned his own writings, saying, 'this is the last moment for the Buddhist sutra which was learned in a single lifetime and there is nothing to remain but the voice of chanting Namu Amidabutsu (a single, sincere call upon the name of Amida).'

• 同時に、この武蔵伝記に附録するかたちで、「追加」として二祖・寺尾孫之允信正、三祖・柴任三左衛門美矩、四祖・吉田太郎右衛門実連の略伝を加え、また「自記」として自伝が附録した。
• Whilst writing the Musashi biography, in the form of appendixes he appended the following brief biographies: #2. Magonojo TERAO Nobumasa, #3. Sanzaemon SHIBATO #4. Tarouemon YOSHIDA as well as his own 'autobiography.'

• また、信之は『幸村君伝記』において「幸村は国郡を支配する本当の侍であり、それに対して我らは見かけを必死に繕い、肩をいからしている道具持ちという程の差がある。」とも語っている。
• Additionally, Nobuyuki said in '幸村君伝記,' 'There is a huge difference between us: Yukimura is a real samurai (warrior) who governed Kokugun (provinces and counties), while we are tool holders who maintain a facade and try to look big.'

• これを引用した系図や伝記、武蔵供養塔が広く紹介されたことから諱を「政名」とする武蔵の小説、紹介書が多数あるが、二天一流門弟や小倉宮本家の史料に、この「政名」は用いられていない。
• Since some of his ancestries, biographies and memorials quoted that information, at present there are many novels and trade books introducing Musashi's real name as 'Masana,' however, that information is not found in any materials of Niten Ichi-ryu School, nor of the Miyamoto family in Kokura.

• また、のちの伝記によると、1801年（享和元年）に本居宣長のことを知り、その門下に加わろうとするが、同年に宣長は没し、没後の門人としてその名を鈴屋塾に置いたということになっている。
• According to the later biography, Atsutane came to know Norinaga MOTOORI in 1801 and he tried to join his disciple but Norinaga died in the year, therefore he became a member of Suzuyajuku school as a disciple after Norinaga's death.

• 『過去現在因果経』は、釈迦の前世における善行から現世で悟りを開くまでの伝記を説いた経典であり、これに絵を描き加えて、釈迦の生涯を分かりやすく伝える手段として作成されたのが絵因果経である。
• The E Ingakyo was compiled to pass down the life of Buddha in an accessible way by adding illustrations to 'Kako Genzai Ingakyo Sutra,' which is a biography of Buddha describing events stretching from his good conduct in his previous life to his spiritual enlightenment in this.

• よく精通したベーコンの編集者で伝記作者である、私の優れた友人のスペディング氏のおかげで知った広汎な例証によれば、ランゲはベーコンのデモクリトスにたいする高い評価のことを言っているのです。
• Lange speaks of Bacon's high appreciation of Democritus or ample illustrations of which I am indebted to my excellent friend Mr. Spedding, the learned editor and biographer of Bacon.

• 日本の正史であった六国史は、原則として漢文による編年体の体裁を取っているが、『日本書紀』以外の5史においては高官あるいは高僧の死亡記事の際に当該人物の伝記を挿入する事が行われた（国史体）。
• A Japanese authentic history, Rikkokushi (6 histories of the nation), basically maintains the appearance of Hennentai (a chronological writing style) in classical Chinese, but in the 5 histories other than 'Nihonshoki,' the biographies of high officials or high-rank priests were added in the descriptions of their deaths (Kokushitai).

• 南北朝時代 (日本)の観応二年（1351年）に描かれた真宗本願寺覚如の伝記絵『慕帰絵詞』に僧侶の住房に、下半分を舞良戸仕立てにした、腰高障子が2枚引き違いに建てられているのが描かれている。
• 'Boki-ekotoba,' a picture scroll with an explanation depicting the biography of Kakunyo, a priest of Hongan-ji Temple of the Shinshu sect of Buddhism, which was made during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (in 1351), and it contains a picture of a priest's body chamber with a double sliding shoji consisting of two koshidaka shoji and having a mairado (as defined above)-like structure in its lower half.

• 南北朝時代 (日本)の観応二年（1351年）に描がれた浄土真宗本願寺覚如の伝記絵『慕帰絵詞』に僧侶の住房に、下半分を舞良戸仕立てにした、腰高障子が二枚引き違いに建てられているのが描かれている。
• In a picture scroll on the biography of Kakujo, 'Bokiekotoba,' which done in 1351 during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, two sliding Koshidaka-shoji in Mairado style on lower half were done in the priest's room.

• この『三宅氏正伝記』は、児島高徳の研究に於いて重要、且つ貴重な資料とされる家伝書であるが、これらが正確かといえば、資料自体の正当性の点から疑問符が残るため、やはり生没年は不詳とせざるを得ない。
• This 'The Biography of the Miyake Clan' is an important and rare family book to studies of Takanori KOJIMA, but whether it is accurate or not is still questionable from the point of the rightness of this material itself; therefore the dates of his birth and death should remain as unknown.

• 篤胤30代前半の著作や先学の伝記及び文献資料などから類推すると、1805年（文化2年）から06年（3年）にかけて当時すでに『鬼神新論』『本教外編』などの論考を著述し幽冥の存在や有神論を肯定している。
• Judging from Atsutane's literary work of his early 30s as well as biography and literal data of scholars in the past, he had already written argument and consideration including 'Kishin Shinron' (New Treatise on the Gods) and 'Honkyo Gaihen' in 1805 to 1806 and agreed with theism and existence of afterlife.

• 関ヶ原の戦いから約300余年を経た明治40年（1907年）、東京帝國大学の渡辺世佑が三成の伝記執筆のために、三玄院にある三成のものと思しき墓を発掘、京都帝國大学解剖学教室の足立文太郎が遺骨を鑑定調査した。
• In 1907, more than 300 years after the Battle of Sekigahara, Yosuke WATANABE, of Tokyo Imperial University, excavated a tomb believed to be that of Mitsunari, and Buntaro ADACHI, in the anatomy department of Kyoto Imperial University, investigated and analyzed the skeleton.

• またその反対に、事件がかなり特異なもので劇的なものを彼が捜査した場合もあるのだが、そうした時にはしばしば、彼は彼の伝記作者として私が話してほしいと思っているにもかかわらず、何も話してくれなかったのである。
• On the other hand, it has frequently happened that he has been concerned in some research where the facts have been of the most remarkable and dramatic character, but where the share which he has himself taken in determining their causes has been less pronounced than I, as his biographer, could wish.

• 神仏混淆を斥け、国家を上古の淳直の世に立ち返らせようとこいねがい、口碑縁起を訪ね歩き、これを『古事記』、『日本書紀』、『延喜式』、『風土記』その他に証し、日本のおもな神社の伝記その他をしるしたものである。
• Wishing to eliminate the syncretism of Buddhism and Shintoism and have the nation return to the simple and right world of ancient times, Razan visited many sites of folklores and origins of shrines and recorded legends of the main shrines in Japan by referring to 'Kojiki' (Records of Ancient Matters), 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), 'Engishiki' (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), 'fudoki' (description of regional climate, culture, etc.) and others.

• 『三国史記』の編者の金富軾は、新羅の伝記（新羅本紀に基づく記事、上記）とは食い違っていることを明記したうえで、『新唐書』新羅伝の記述をほぼ引用した形で巻44・張保皐伝を記しており、張保皐の評価を支持している。
• Busik KIM, the editor of the 'Samguk Sagi', wrote Vol. 44 'The Biography of Bogo JANG' by citing most of the description of the Silla-den of the 'Shintojo', though clarifying that some of the contents did not agree with the Biography of Silla (article based on the Silla Hongi, above) and supported the public evaluation of Bogo JANG.

• 『武公伝』（松井家の二天一流師範が著した武蔵伝記・宝暦5年（1755年）豊田正脩編）には、「武公平居閑静して（中略）連歌或は書画小細工等を仕て日月を過了す、故に武公作の鞍楊弓木刀連歌書画数多あり」と書かれている。
• Musashi's biography, 'Buko-den,' written in 1755 by Masanao TOYOTA (an instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu in the Matsui family), describes his talent as 'Musashi spent his spare time quietly (…omit…) making renga (Japanese poetry), studying calligraphies, painting pictures, making crafts and so on, so many of his works remain including a saddle, a bow made from a willow tree, wooden swords, renga, calligraphy and pictures.'

• 由緒書きによると、武田家の家宝「楯無」の鎧は神功皇后が三韓征伐の時に住吉大社に武運長久を祈念し得た鎧であり、ゆえあって甲州武田家の所有するところとなった（無論三韓征伐云々の伝記は時代的に合わないので史実ではない）。
• According to its written guarantee of origin, a family treasure of the Takeda family 'Tatenashi-no-yoroi' was the one given to Empress Jingu when she prayed at Sumiyoshi-taisha Shrine for long-lasting luck in the battle of Sankan seibatsu (the conquest of three countries in old Korea), and it later came into the possession of the Koshu Takeda family for a certain reason (needless to say, it is not a historical fact because the age of Sankan seibatsu doesn't coincide with the dates)

• 付法（ふほう）の八祖と伝持（でんじ）の八祖の二つがあり、空海は著作「秘密曼荼羅教付法伝」・「真言付法伝」で、真言密教の起源と付法の七祖・伝持の七祖（付法・伝持の八祖の内、弘法大師を除く七祖）の伝記や付法の系譜を記している。
• There are two kinds of Hasso--Fuho Hasso (eight forefathers from Dainichinyorai to Kukai) and Denji Hasso (eight forefathers who appeared during the period of history in which the teachings of the Shingon sect had been introduced to Japan)--and Kukai described the origin of Shingon Mikkyo, the biographies of the seven forefathers of Fuho and seven forefathers of Denji (seven forefathers of Fuso and Denji Hasso except Kobo-daishi) and lineage of Fuho in his works 'Himitsu Mandala Kyo Fuho Den (秘密曼荼羅教付法伝)' and 'Shingon Fuho Den (真言付法伝).'

• 昭和50年代に鹿児島県下で小学生に無料配布されていた西郷隆盛の伝記を簡単にまとめた読本『西郷隆盛』で未亡人の言葉は、亡夫は多くの人間の前に正装ではなく普段着で出るような礼儀をわきまえない人間ではないのにという文脈で解説されている。
• The book 'SAIGO Takamori,' which was simply an organized biography of Takamori SAIGO that was distributed to elementary students in Kagoshima Prefecture free in 1970's, explained that he was not lacking manners, that is, he was not a person who would have gone out to meet people without dressing properly, according to his wife's word.

• 『義公行実』など各種伝記史料によれば、水戸徳川家世子として教育を受けていた青年時代の光圀は非行も多かったが、正保2年（1645年）に『史記』「伯夷伝」を読んで伯夷・叔斉に感銘を受け、以来は反省して学問に精励し、史書編纂を志したという。
• According to various biographical materials such as 'Giko kojitsu,' Mitsukuni in his youth who was educated as an heir of the Mito Tokugawa family committed some acts of delinquency, but came to regret what he had done and study hard after he read the chapter Hakuiden of 'Shiki' and was moved by Hakui and Syukusei, and then aspired to compile history.

• 奈良時代に藤原鎌足以下3代の伝記を記した『家伝』や『聖徳太子伝暦』が著され、平安時代に入ると、都良香（正史『日本文徳天皇実録』の編者）の『道場法師伝』、三善清行の『藤原保則伝』・『円珍和尚伝』、紀長谷雄の『恒貞親王伝』などが著された。
• In the Nara period, the biography of the FUJIWARA three generations began with FUJIWARA no Kamatari, 'Kaden' (Family history) and 'Shotokutaishi Denryaku' (Biography of Shotokutaishi) were written, and in the Heian period MIYAKO no Yoshika (the compiler of an authentic history 'Nihon Montoku Tenno Jitsuroku' [Fifth of the six official national history books]) wrote 'Dojo Hoshi Den' (Biography of Dojohoshi), Kiyoyuki MIYOSHI wrote 'FUJIWARA no Yasunori den' (Biography of FUJIWARA no Yasunori) and 'Enchin Osho Den' (Biography of Enchin), and KI no Haseo wrote 'Tsunesada Shinno Den' (Biography of Imperial Prince Tsunesada).

• 晩年は、オードリー・ヘプバーン＆ビリー・ワイルダーの『昼下がりの情事』のような映画をジュディ・オング主演で映画にしたいと口にしたり、モームの『月と六ペンス』や、シュテファン・ツヴァイクによる伝記小説『バルザック』等の映画化を希望していたという。
• It is said that in his later years he hoped to make a film starring Judy Ongg like 'Love in the Afternoon' starring Audrey Hepburn and directed by Billy Wilder, and make other books into films such as 'The Moon and Sixpence' written by Maugham and 'Balzac' a biographical novel written by Stefan Zweig.

• 伝記については不明な点が多いが、夢窓疎石の碑銘建立に参与したこと、応永年間（1384年-1429年）室町幕府4代将軍足利義持の命により「瓢鮎図（ひょうねんず）」を描いたことなどが知られ、足利将軍家と密接な関係を持ち、相国寺にいたことはほぼ確実である。
• Although his biography is not so clear, the fact that he engaged in the construction of Soseki MUSO's monument and drew 'Hyonen-zu' (painting of catching Japanese catfish with bottle gourd) from 1384 to 1429 at the behest of Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, 4th shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), is widely known and it is almost certain that he had a close relation with the Ashikaga Shogun family and was a monk of Shokoku-ji Temple.

• 中江兆民の伝記を書いた幸徳秋水の説によれば、中江が自由党 (日本)立憲自由党 (日本 1890-1898)（自由党再統合のための受け皿となった政党、後に「自由党」と改称）の機関紙『立憲自由新聞』の中で「民党・吏党」という呼称を用いたのが広まったとする説を唱えている。
• According to the opinion of Shusui KOTOKU, who wrote the biography of Chomin NAKAE, Nakae first used the words 'Minto and Rito' in 'Rikken Jiyu Shinbun' (the Constitutional Liberal Press) which was the publication of the Liberal Party (in Japan) and the Constitutional Liberal Party (the party for the reunification of the Liberal Party between 1890 to 1898 in Japan, later renamed 'the Liberal Party') and the words spread out later.

• この説に従う黒田家臣・立花峯均による武蔵伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』（『丹治峯均筆記』・『武州伝来記』とも呼ばれる）では、黒田如水の軍に属して九州豊後国の石垣原（今の別府市）で西軍大友義統軍との合戦に出陣し、出陣前の逸話や冨来城攻めでの奮戦振りの物語が語られている。
• A vassal of the Kuroda family, Minehira TACHIBANA (Hokin TANJI) adapted the information of 'Kuroda-han Bugencho' for a Musashi's biography 'Heiho Taiso Bushu Genshin-ko Denrai' (Biography of Marvelous Patriarch of Art of Warfare, Esquire Musashi Harunobu) which is also known as 'Tanji Hokin Hikki' and 'Bushu Denrai-ki;' according to the book, at the Battle of Sekigahara, Musashi served Josui KURODA and fought in Ishigakibaru of Bungo Province (present Beppu City, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu region) against the squad led by Yoshimune OTOMO of the Western army; the book also describes Musashi's anecdotes at the departure and at the attack of Tomiku-jo Castle.

• なお、浅野が刃傷に及ぶ前、加藤泰恒（伊予大洲藩主）や戸沢正庸（出羽新庄藩主）が日光法会中に受けた義央のいじめを浅野に伝え、お役目を終えるまで耐えよと諭した逸話が、冷光君御伝記（誠尽忠臣記よりの情報としている）や義人録（広島藩士御牧武大夫信久の証言として）などに記されている。
• A Record of Reikogimi (information that is Seijin Chushinki-friendly) and A Record of Gijin (as evidence of Mimaki Budayu Nobuhisa, a retainer of the Hiroshima domain) contain an anecdote about Yasutsune KATO (lord of the Ozu domain in Iyo Province) and Masatsune TOZAWA (lord of the Shinjo domain in Dewa Province), who told Asano about Yoshihisa's ill-treatment during the Nikko Buddhist religious service but were persuaded to stand until the end of their services.

• 西園寺が没した昭和15年（1940年）に立命館大学は、創立とその後の教育に大きく貢献した西園寺公望を立命館大学の「学祖」と取り決めた（但し、西園寺の美意識からか彼の遺言には「余の伝記を記すべからず」「余の碑を作るべからず」とともに「余を立命館の学祖とすべからず」の項があった）。
• In 1940, in the year Saionji passed away, Ritsumeikan University made an arrangement to designate Kinmochi SAIONJI, who contributed greatly to its establishment and to the education it provided later on, as the 'founder' (however, perhaps from his principle of life, there was a page in his will that read 'do not inscribe my biography' and 'do not create a monument for me' along with 'do not designate me as the founder of Ritsumeikan').

• しかし、現在では『上宮聖徳法王帝説』（聖徳太子の伝記）の「志癸島天皇御世 戊午年十月十二日」や『元興寺伽藍縁起』（元興寺の成り立ち・変遷を記述したもの）の「天國案春岐廣庭天皇七年歳戊午十二月」を根拠に538年（戊午年、宣化天皇3年）に仏教が伝えられたと考える人が多いようである。
• However, based on the phrases 'the twelfth day of the tenth month in the year tsuchinoe-uma (583), during the reign of Emperor Kishishima (Kinmei)' in 'Jogu Shotoku Hoo Teisetsu' (a biography of Prince Shotoku) and 'the twelfth month of the year tsuchinoe-uma, the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Amekuni Oshiharuki Hironiwa (Kinmei)' in 'Gango-ji Garan Engi' (a history of the origins of Gango-ji Temple), many people seem to think that Buddhism was introduced in 538.

• 松井家の二天一流師範である豊田景英が著した武蔵の伝記『二天記』には、大和国・奈良の宝蔵院流槍術の使い手奥蔵院日栄、伊賀国の鎖鎌の使い手宍戸某、江戸の柳生新陰流の大瀬戸隼人と辻風左馬助等との試合を記しているが、『二天記』の原史料である『武公伝』に記載が無く、また、他にそれを裏付ける史料が無いことから史的事実ではないと考えられている。
• A Musashi's biography 'Niten-ki,' written by Kagehide TOYOTA, an instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho in the Matsui family, describes many fights including a fight with Nichiei OKUZOIN, a master of Hozoin-ryu School of So-jutsu (art of spear) from Nara of Yamato Province, a fight with Shishido, a master of kusarigama (chained scythes) from Iga Province, fights with Hayato OSETO and Samanosuke TSUJIKAZE, masters of Yagyu Shinkage-ryu School from Edo; however, the information on those fights is not found in 'Buko-den' on which Kagehide based, and there is no material to support the tales as well, therefore, presumably, those fights are not historical facts.