享: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 享
- Akira
- Atsushi
- Ukuru
- Ukeru
- Kyou
- Kyouji
- Susumu
- Takashi
- Tooru
- Nozomu
- Michi
- Riyou
- receive
- undergo
- answer (phone)
- take
- get
- catch
- 永享
- Eikyou era (1429.9.5-1441.2.17)
- Eikyō
- 林享
- Hayashi Akira (h) (1974.9.16-)
- 享志
- Kyoushi
- Takashi
- Takayuki
- 享士
- Kyoushi
- Kyouji
- Takashi
- 享子
- Akiko
- Akirako
- Atsuko
- Kyouko
- Kiyouko
- Kouko
- Junko
- Takako
- Michiko
- Yukiko
- Ryouko
- Ryoukou
- 享司
- Kyoushi
- Kyouji
- Kiyouji
- Takashi
- Ryouji
- 享史
- Kyoushi
- Takashi
- Takafumi
- 享徳
- Kyoutoku era (1452.7.25-1455.7.25)
- Takanori
- Kyōtoku
- 享保
- Kyouhou era (1716.6.22-1736.4.28)
- Kiyouho
- Kyōhō
- 享持
- securing rights and profits
- 享受
- reception
- acceptance
- enjoyment
- being given
- 享禄
- Kyouroku era (1528.8.20-1532.7.29)
- Kyōroku
- 享宴
- feast
- banquet
- Symposium (book by Plato)
- 享和
- Kyouwa era (1801.2.5-1804.2.11)
- Yukikazu
- Kyōwa
- 長享
- Choukyou era (1487.7.20-1489.8.21)
- Chōkyō
- 貞享
- Joukyou era (1684.2.21-1688.9.30)
- Teikyou
- Jōkyō
- 享一
- Kyouichi
- Kiyouichi
- Kouichi
- Takakazu
- Yukikazu
- 享美
- Atsumi
- Kyoumi
- Kiyoumi
- Kiyomi
- Chiyomi
- 孔享
- Tadataka
- Tadayuki
- Yoshitaka
- Yoshiyuki
- 享保令
- Kyoho rei (Kyoho code)
- 武内享
- Takeuchi Tooru (h) (1962.7.21-)
- 享三朗
- Kyousaburou
- Kyouzaburou
- 享三郎
- Kyousaburou
- Kyouzaburou
- 享保尺
- Kyouhou shaku (approx. 30.36 cm)
- 享ける
- to receive
- to get
- to catch (e.g. a ball)
- to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.)
- to sustain (damage)
- to incur (a loss)
- to suffer (an injury)
- to feel (influence)
- to undergo (e.g. surgery)
- to take (a test)
- to accept (a challenge)
- to be given (e.g. life, talent)
- to follow
- to succeed
- to be descended from
- to face (south, etc.)
- to be modified by
- to obtain (a pawned item, etc.) by paying a fee
- to be well-received
- to become popular
- to go down well
- 古川享
- Furukawa Susumu (h) (1954.7.12-)
- 永享の乱
- Eikyo War
- Eikyo Rebellion
- 享年80
- He died at the age of eighty.
- 享年59
- He died at the age of 59.
- 享年38
- He died at the age of 38.
- 享年68
- He was 68 years old.
- 享保丁銀
- Kyoho-chogin (Chogin is a collective term of silver) (Kyoho is the era in Edo period.)
- 享年79
- He was 79 years old.
- 享楽主義
- epicureanism
- hedonism
- 享楽気分
- enjoyable (pleasant) feeling (atmosphere)
- 享年77。
- Died aged 77.
- He was 77.
- He was 77 years old.
- His age at death is 77.
- She was 77 years old.
- He died at the age of 77.
- When he died, he was 77 years old.
- He was 77 years old when he died.
- She died aged 77.
- 享年64。
- Died age 64.
- He died at the age of 64.
- He was 64 years old.
- He was 64 years old when he died.
- Age at death is 64.
- He was died at the age of 64.
- His age at death was 64.
- 享年34。
- Died age 34.
- Died at 34.
- He died at the age of 34.
- He was 34 years old.
- He died at age 34.
- Kanroku was thirty-four years old.
- She died at the age of thirty-four.
- She was thirty-four.
- 享年63。
- Died age 63.
- He was 63 years old.
- He was sixty-three years old.
- Passed away at the age of 63.
- Age at death 63.
- He was 63 years old when he died.
- He died at the age of 63.
- 享年61。
- Died age 61.
- He died at 61 years old.
- He died at 61.
- He was 61 years old.
- He died at the age of 61.
- He was at the age of 61.
- His age at death was 61.
- He was 61.
- Age at death: 61.
- He died at the age of sixty-one.
- 享年35。
- Died age 35.
- He died at the age of 35.
- Hirayama was 35 years old.
- He was 35 years old.
- Nagataka died at the age of 35.
- Died at 35.
- He died at the age of thirty-five.
- 享年16。
- Died aged 16.
- He died at the age of sixteen.
- He died at the age of 16.
- 享年25。
- Died age 25.
- He was 25 years old.
- His died at the age of 25.
- Died at 25.
- She was twenty-five years old.
- He died at 25.
- He died at the age of 25.
- Age at death: 25
- 享年28。
- Died age 28.
- He died at age of 28.
- He died at the age of 28.
- He was 28 years old.
- 享年17。
- Died age 17.
- Died at the age of 17.
- His age at death was 17.
- 享年32。
- Died age 32.
- He died at the age of 32.
- He was 32 year old.
- He was 32 years old.
- He died at 32.
- He passed away at the age of 32.
- 享年90。
- She died at the age of 90.
- He was 90 years old.
- His age at death was 90.
- 享年88。
- She was 88 years old.
- Her age at death was eighty-eight.
- 享年92。
- She was 92 years old.
- Died at the age of 92.
- 享年21.
- He was 21 years old.
- 享年58。
- He died at the age of 58.
- Norimori died at the age of 58.
- He was 58 years old.
- He was 58.
- He was 58 years old when he died.
- He was fifty-eight years old at the time of his death.
- 享年不詳。
- The year of his death is unknown.
- 享年74。
- She was 74 years old.
- He died at the age of 74.
- He passed away at the age of 74.
- His age at death was seventy-four.
- He was 74 years old when he died.
- GYOTOKU died at the age of 74.
- His age at death was 74.
- He dided at the age of 74.
- 享年47。
- He died at the age of 47.
- His age at death was 47.
- He was aged 47.
- 享年79。
- He was 79 years old.
- The age at death was 79.
- He died at the age of 79.
- Eigaku died at the age of 79.
- Age at death: 79.
- 享年52。
- He died at the age of 52.
- Nobuyoshi died at the age of 52.
- He was 52 years old.
- His age at death was 52.
- He died aged 52.
- 享年30。
- He died at the age of 30.
- His age of death was 30 years old.
- Died at 30.
- His age at death was 30.
- He was died at 30.
- 享年75。
- Aged 75.
- He died at the age of 75.
- He was 75 years old.
- She was seventy-five.
- Age at death: 75.
- He died at 75.
- He passed away at the age of 75.
- He was 75 years old when he died.
- He was seventy-five years old.
- His age at death was 75 years old.
- Age at death was 75.
- He was aged 75.
- 享年59。
- He was 59 when he died.
- He died at the age of 59.
- His age of death was 59.
- She was 59 years old.
- He was 59 years old when he died.
- The age of his death was 59.
- The age at death was fifty-nine.
- 享年67。
- Died at the age of 67.
- He was 67.
- His age at death was 67.
- He was at the age of 67.
- He was 67 years old.
- He died at the age of 67.
- 享年62。
- He died at the age of 62.
- Died age 62.
- He died at 62.
- Yoshifuyu was 62 at the time of his death.
- He was 62 years old.
- He was sixty-two years old.
- 享年60。
- He was at the age of 60 years.
- He died at the age of 60.
- The age at death was 60.
- Age at death: 60.
- Died at 60.
- She was 60 years old then.
- Yasutoki died at the age of 60.
- 享年51。
- He was fifty-one years old.
- Died at the age of 51.
- Died age 51.
- He died at 51.
- He died at the age of 51.
- His age at death was 51 years old.
- He was 51 years old.
- He died at age 51.
- He was 51.
- He was 51 years old when he died.
- He was 51 years of age.
- 私権の享有
- enjoyment of private rights
- 享年72。
- Age of death: 72
- She was seventy two years old.
- He was 72 years old.
- He died at the age of 72.
- 享年27。
- Died at the age of 27.
- He was 27 years old.
- Died age 27.
- He died at the age of twenty seven.
- She died at the age of 27.
- He was twenty-seven years old when he died.
- His age at death was 27.
- 享年57。
- Died at the age of fifty-seven.
- He was fifty-seven years old.
- Died age 57.
- She died at the age of 57.
- He was 57 years old.
- Died at 57.
- Age at death: 57.
- His age at death was 57.
- He was 57 years old when he died.
- 享年39。
- He died at the age of 39.
- Munemori was 39 years old.
- He was 39 years old when he died.
- His age at death was 39.
- 享年45。
- He died at the age of 45.
- Her age at the time of her death was 45.
- Died aged 45.
- He died at the age of forty-five.
- His age at death was 45.
- He was 45 years old
- 享年48。
- He died at the age of 48.
- He was forty-eight years old.
- He died at age of 48.
- He was 48 years old.
- He was forty eight years old.
- 享年56。
- Died at 56.
- Died age 56.
- He was 56 years old.
- He died at the age of 56.
- His age at death was 56.
- He died at the age 56.
- Her age at death was 56.
- 享年43。
- He died at 43.
- He was 43 years old then.
- He was 43 years old when he died.
- Died at the age of 43.
- He was 43 years old.
- 享年65。
- Died at the age of 65.
- Frois was 65 at the time of his death.
- He was 65 years old.
- He died at the age of 65.
- His age at death was 65.
- She died at the age of 65.
- He died at 65.
- 享年83。
- He was 83 at the time of his death.
- Died at the age of 83.
- Died age 83.
- He was 83.
- Yasunobu died at the age of 83.
- He died at the age of 83
- He died at the age of 83.
- Age at death: 83.
- His age at death was eighty-three.
- 享年69。
- He died at the age of 69.
- He was 69 years old.
- Died age 69.
- She was 69 years old.
- He was 69 years old at the time of his death.
- He died at age of 69.
- He was sixty-nine years old.
- He died at the age of sixty-nine.
- 享保の改革
- Kyouhou Reforms
- economic reforms introduced in 1736
- Kyoho Reforms
- The Kyoho Reforms
- Kyōhō Reforms
- 生を享ける
- to live
- to be born
- to come into this world
- 享年36。
- He was thirty six years old.
- His age at death was 36.
- He died at the age of 36.
- The age of death was 36.
- He died at the age of thirty-six.
- She was 36 years old.
- 享年37。
- He was 37 years old.
- She died at the age of 37.
- Died age 37.
- 享年23。
- He was 23 years old.
- Died at the age of 23.
- Died age 23.
- He died at the age of 23.
- The age of death was 23.
- He died at 23.
- 享保尺・竹尺
- The Take-jaku (the Kyoho-jaku)
- 享年は不明。
- Her age of death is unknown.
- 享年62歳。
- Died at the age of 62.
- 享年67歳。
- He was 67 years old.
- 享年73歳。
- He died at the age of 73.
- 享年100。
- He died at the age of 100.
- 享年46歳。
- He was forty-six years old.
- He was 46 years old.
- 恩寵を享ける
- to enjoy (a person's) favor (favour)
- 享年74歳。
- She was seventy four years old.
- 長享・延徳の乱
- Chokyo-Entoku Wars
- 享禄・天文の乱
- Kyoroku-Tenbun Rebellion
- 享年は60余。
- He died in his sixties.
- 享年39という。
- He died at the age of 39.
- 貞享暦の作成者。
- He was the creator of the Jokyo Calendar.
- 享年60前後か。
- Died at the age of around 48.
- または享年64。
- He might also have been 64.
- 享年31であった。
- Died at the age of 31.
- 享年65歳だった。
- He died at the age of 65.
- 享年38であった。
- He was 38 years old.
- 享年78であった。
- He was 78 years old.
- 外国人の権利の享有
- Enjoyment of rights by foreign nationals
- 享年46であった。
- Gessho was aged only 46 at the time.
- 享年16(数え年)。
- He was 16 years old (according to the old Japanese method of counting years of age).
- 従四位上、享年57。
- At the time of her death, at age 57, she had reached the Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade).
- 享年75(満73歳没)
- Died at the age of 75 (73 by modern reckoning)
- 享保銀(正徳銀)の品位
- Karat of kyoho-gin (shotoku-gin)
- 享年66(「薄雲」)。
- He died at the age of 66. ('Usugumo' (Wisps of Cloud)).
- 受託者の利益享受の禁止
- Prohibition on the Trustee's Enjoyment of Benefit
- 享年14だったという。
- It is said that he died at the age of 14.
- 詳細は『永享記』を参照。
- See 'Eijunki' for more details.
- 菩提所は、立本寺享保院。
- The family temple was located in the Kyohoin of the Ryuhonji Temple.
- 享年51(満49歳没)。
- He died in his 51 year (died in 49 years old)
- 享保銀(正徳銀)の鋳造量
- Minting amount of kyoho-gin (shotoku-gin)
- 享年30(満29歳没)。
- His age at death: 30 (according to the East Asian age reckoning, and 29 by the regular way of counting)
- 享年62(満60歳没)。
- He died in the 62nd year after his birth (at 60 years old)
- 享年72(満70歳没)。
- He died at the age of 72 (70 according to the East Asian age reckoning).
- 開湯は享保年間と言われる。
- It is said that the bath was opened in the Kyoho era.
- 朱漆輪花天目盆 享徳四年銘
- Shuurushi (vermillion lacquer) rinka (ring of flowers) tenmokubon (tray for tea bowl) with an inscription of Kyotoku 4 (1455)
- 9月7日、死去、享年43。
- Died on September 7 at the age of 43.
- 享年21という若さだった。
- He died young at the age of 21.
- 貞享3年(1686年)刊。
- The collection was published in 1686.
- 2003年 没(享年89)
- 2003 Died at the age of 89
- 享和元年(1801年)歿。
- He passed away in 1801.
- 永享2年(1430年)成立。
- Written in 1430.
- 1326年に死去、享年62。
- He died at the age of 62 in 1326.
- 1373年に死去、享年78。
- Doyo died in 1373. He was 78 years old.
- 私権の享有は、出生に始まる。
- The enjoyment of private rights shall commence at birth.
- 1719年(享保4年)建立。
- Erected in 1719
- 1488年に死去、享年82。
- He died in 1488, at age 82.
- この後、享禄・天文の乱が勃発。
- Later on, the Kyoroku-Tenbun War erupted.
- 享和2年(1802年)に死す。
- He died in 1802.
- 享保7年のことであったらしい。
- It is said that jomen ho was adopted in 1722.
- 永享10年(1437年)元服。
- Norifusa celebrated his Coming of Age ceremony in 1437.
- 1744年(延享元年)に出家。
- Jishu became a priest in 1744.
- 貞享2年(1685年)、崩御。
- He died in 1685.
- 永享3年(1431年) 17歳。
- 1431, at the age of 17.
- 天守建造年1747年(延享4年)
- The castle tower was built in 1747.
- 1727年(享保12年)に開山。
- It was founded in 1727.
- 享保8年(1723年)江戸で死す。
- He died in Edo in 1723.
- 享保20年に3000石加増される。
- In 1745, 3,000 koku was added to his territory.
- 享年は91であったと言う説もある。
- According to one theory, he died at the age of 91.
- 墓碑には享年24と記載されている。
- His tombstone is inscribed as he died at the age of 24.
- 享保銀については以下の通りである。
- The description of kyoho-gin was as follows.
- 乱の様子は『永享記』に記されている。
- Details of the Eikyo War are described in the 'Eikyo Ki' (Eikyo Chronicle).
- 延享2年(1745年)に江戸で死す。
- He died in Edo in 1745.
- 享保3年(1718年)に江戸で死す。
- He died in Edo in 1718.
- 1429年(永享元年):播磨の国一揆
- 1429: Uprising in Harima Province
- 長享元年(1487年)奉公衆となる。
- He was appointed to a military post in 1487.
- 966年(康保3)、卒去。享年73。
- He died in 966, at 73 years of age.
- 貞享2年 (1685) 『出世景清』
- 'Shusse Kagekiyo' (Kagekiyo Victorious) in 1685
- 享保12年(1727年)京都に移る。
- In 1727, he moved to Kyoto.
- 1530年(享禄3年)のこととされる。
- It is thought to be in 1530.
- 1473年(文明5)に病死、享年69。
- In 1473 he died of disease, aged 69.
- 享保8年(1723年)、京都の生まれ。
- He was born in Kyoto in 1723.
- 享保10年(1725年)准三后の宣下。
- In 1725, he was named Jusango (title given to nobles and members of the Imperial family) by the Emperor.
- 享保6年 (1721) 『女殺油地獄』
- 'Onnagoroshi Abura no Jigoku' (The Woman-killer and the Hell of Oil) in 1721
- 享保4年 (1719) 『平家女護島』
- 'Heike Nyogo ga Shima' (The Heike and the Island of Women) in 1719
- 享保5年 (1720) 『心中天網島』
- 'Shinju Ten no Amijima' (The Love Suicide at Amijima) in 1720
- 享禄・天文 (元号)初年間のことである。
- It was the beginning of the Kyoroku era (1528 to1531) and the Tenbun era (1532-1555).
- 貞享2年(1685年)に江戸で生まれる。
- He was born in Edo in 1685.
- 享保16年(1731年)江戸で生まれる。
- Tadatomo was born in Edo in 1731.
- 享保3年(1718年)に結城で生まれる。
- Katsunobu was born in Yuki in 1718.
- 延享2年(1745年)に結城で生まれる。
- Katsuoki was born in 1745 in Yuki.
- 享保9年(1724年)に結城で生まれる。
- He was born in Yuki in 1724.
- 享保7年(1722年)に江戸で生まれる。
- He was born in Edo in 1722.
- 1489年(長享3年)3月26日、薨去。
- March 26, 1489: He passed away.
- 長享元年(1487年)に義煕と改名する。
- In 1487 he changed his name to Yoshihiro.
- 長享2年(1488年)関白内大臣となる。
- In 1488, he became Kanpaku Naidaijin (Chief advisor to the Emperor and Minister of the Interior).
- 1624年(寛永元年)に死去、享年79。
- In 1624 he died at the age of 79.
- 永享元年(1429年)播磨国で生まれる。
- He was born in Harima Province in 1429.
- 延享4年に従五位下に任官し豊後守を名乗る。
- In 1747, he was appointed as Jugoinoge and referred to himself as Bungo no kami (governor of Bungo Province).
- 享保15年(1730年)に江戸で生まれる。
- He was born in Edo in 1730.
- 享年23、夫と父に看取られての最期だった。
- She was attended by her father and her husband at the time of her death at the age of 23.
- 1489年(長享3年)12月27日、出家。
- December 27, 1489: He became a priest.
- 享保15年(1730年)、京都に生まれる。
- Shohaku was born in 1730 in Kyoto.
- 享保元年 (1716) に母の喜里が死去。
- His mother, Kisato, died in 1716.
- 永享5年(1433年)10月20日に死去。
- He died on October 20, 1433.
- 享保17年(1732年)直定は奏者番に就任。
- In 1732, Naosada assumed sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies.)
- 延享元年9月、 -、享保と大差がなし、 -。
- 1744, September - almost the same as that of 1731.
- 仙台藩御用酒屋の酒垂れ歩合(寛文~享保年間)
- Sakedare percentage of goyo zakaya (official sake brewing family) of the Sendai Domain (Kanbun to Kyoho eras)
- 1686年(貞享3年):貞享騒動(加助騒動)
- 1686: Jokyo sodo (Jokyo uprising, or Kasuke sodo, Kasuke uprising)
- 享保15年に父の隠居により岡崎藩を相続する。
- Upon his father's retirement, he inherited the Okazaki Domain in 1730.
- 1487年(長享元年)、 名を義煕と改める。
- 1487: He changed his name to Yoshihiro.
- 定家所伝本と貞享本の2系統が伝えられている。
- There are two traditions of this anthology, Teika shodenpon edition and Jokyo edition.
- 移転は翌享和元年(1801年)7月に完了した。
- The move was completed in July 1801.
- 享保8年(1723年)名乗りを日向守に改める。
- In 1723, he changed his post name to Hyuga no kami.
- 寛文6年(1666年)に江戸で死去。享年70。
- She died in Edo in 1666 at the age of 70.
- 1430年(永享2)1月6日、右馬寮御監兼務。
- January 6, 1430: He was also given the additional post of Umaryo gogen (Inspector of the Right Division of Bureau of Horses).
- 1433年(永享5)8月9日、右近衛大将辞任。
- August 9, 1433: He resigned as Ukone no daisho.
- 1432年(永享4)7月25日、内大臣に転任。
- July 25, 1432: He was reassigned to the post of Naidaijin (minister).
- 1438年(永享10)8月28日、左大臣辞任。
- August 28, 1438: He resigned as Sadaijin.
- 1432年 (永享4)、8月13日、摂政宣下。
- On August 13, 1432, Senge (an imperial proclamation) was issued to appoint him as Sessho.
- 長享2年(1488年)、5月 加賀の一向一揆。
- May, 1488, there was an Ikko uprising in Kaga.
- 1488年(長享2年)9月17日、内大臣に転任。
- September 17, 1488: He became Naidaijin (minister).
- 872年(貞観14年)9月2日、薨去。享年69.
- On September 2, 872, he passed away at the age of 69.
- 明治16年(1883年)に咽頭で死去、享年59。
- In 1883, when he was 59 years old, he died of throat cancer.
- 1453年(享徳2年)3月26日、従一位に昇叙。
- March 26, 1453: Promoted to Juichii (Junior First Rank).
- 641年(舒明13年)- 羽黒で死去(享年80)
- In 641, he passed away at the age of 80 at Haguro.
- 享保4年(1719年)徳川吉宗に初めて披露される。
- H was first introduced by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in 1719.
- 享徳4年(1455年)頃、『日本書紀纂疏』を著す。
- He wrote 'Nihonshoki sanso' around 1455.
- 貞享3年(1686年)3月、20歳で内大臣となる。
- In March 1686, he assumed the position of Naidaijin (Minister of the Center).
- 1455年(享徳4年)8月27日、右近衛大将兼任。
- August 27, 1455: Also assumed the position of Ukone-no-daisho.
- 永享 1429年9月5日 - 1441年2月17日
- Eikyo September 5, 1429 - February 17, 1441
- 享和 1801年2月5日 - 1804年2月11日
- Kyowa February 5, 1801 - February 11, 1804
- 享禄3年(1530年)、柳本賢治が播磨出陣中に死去。
- In 1530, Kataharu YANAGIMOTO died while departing for the front in Harima.
- 享徳の乱では石橋義仲という人物が奥州で活躍している。
- In the Kyotoku War, a person named Yoshinaka ISHIBASHI proved himself in Oshu.
- 1439年(永享11)1月、正四位下左衛門佐に叙任。
- In January 1439, he became Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Saemon no suke (assistant captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards).
- 著書に「日本長暦」・「三暦考」・「貞享暦書」がある。
- His written works were 'Nihon Choreki,' 'Sanrekiko,' and 'Jokyo-reki sho.'
- 享年9(故意による謀殺説と混乱による偶発説がある)。
- Domanmaru died at the age of nine (N.B. about his murder, some believe that it was murder with deliberation, and others believe it to be an accident due to confusion.)
- 元享元年(1321年)、上杉重顕の子として生まれる。
- He was born the son of Shigeaki UESUGI in 1321.
- 重忠の死を知った重秀以下は自害した(重秀享年23)。
- When Shigehide and Shigetada's vassals heard the news about Shigetada's death, they killed themselves (Shigehide was 23 years old).
- -享和3年(1803年)-文化11年(1814年)分
- Cases from 1803 to 1814
- 明暦3年(1657年) - 享保15年(1730年)
- 1657 - 1730
- 義持は義量死後の後継者を定めないまま死去、享年43。
- Yoshimochi died at the age of 43 without choosing a successor after Yoshikazu's death.
- 寛文5年(1665年) - 享保16年(1731年)
- 1665 - 1731
- 享禄 1528年8月20日 - 1532年7月29日
- Kyoroku August 20, 1528 - July 29, 1532
- 享徳 1452年7月25日 - 1455年7月25日
- Kyotoku July 25, 1452 - July 25, 1455
- 長享 1487年7月20日 - 1489年8月21日
- Chokyo July 20, 1487 - August 21, 1489
- 改元後も足利成氏が用い続けた享徳も私年号に数えられる。
- Kyotoku, which Shigeuji ASHIKAGA continued to use as an name of era even after kaigen (changing the name of an era) was declared, can be regarded as Shinengo.
- 徳川吉宗の享保の改革により、洋書輸入が一部解禁された。
- The ban on importing Western books was partially lifted as a result of the Kyoho Reform implemented by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA.
- 享保18年(1733年)に徳川吉宗に初めて披露される。
- He was first introduced by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in 1733.
- 享保10年に領地を安房に移され、北条の地に陣屋を築く。
- His territory was changed to the Awa Province in 1725 and constructed jinya in the land of Hojo.
- 1432年(永享4)に宣徳条約で回数などが規定される。
- Moreover, frequency of trade was regulated based on the Sentoku treaty concluded in 1432.
- 延享1年(1744年)従五位下に任官し肥前守と名乗る。
- He was appointed as Jugoinoge in 1744 and referred to himseld as Hizen no kami.
- 永享2年(1430年)、細川持之の嫡男として生まれる。
- Katsumoto HOSOKAWA was born in 1430 as the first true son of Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA.
- 1454年(享徳3)11月、隠居し、家督を教豊に譲る。
- In November 1454, he retired and handed the reigns of the family over to Noritoyo.
- 永享4年(1432年)には摂政となったが、月余で辞退。
- He became a Sessho regent in 1432 but retired from it within a month.
- 1453年 (享徳2)、4月28日、関白・内覧を辞す。
- On April 28, 1453, he retired from Kanpaku and Nairan.
- イからハまでに掲げる者のほか、外交上の免除を享有する者
- In addition to those persons listed in (a) through (c), persons enjoying diplomatic immunity.
- 1745年(延享2年) 幕府より一万坪の寄付を受ける。
- In 1745 33,000 square meters of land was donated by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 享保の改革、田沼時代、寛政の改革、大御所時代、天保の改革
- Kyoho Reforms, Tanuma period, Kansei Reforms, Ogosho period, and Tenpo Reforms
- 享保16年6月、 -、60万石、168人および三郷町々。
- 1731, June - 600,000 koku, 168 people and Misato and other towns.
- 貞享4年(1687年)、従五位下に任官し出羽守を名乗る。
- He was appointed as Jugoinoge in 1687 and referred to himself as Dewa no kami.
- 享保17年(1732年)には家重と船で隅田川を遊覧した。
- In 1732, Ieshige and she cruised down the Sumida-gawa River.
- 1440年(永享12)6月13日、幕府の侍所所司に就任。
- On June 13, 1440, he became Samurai-dokoro Shoshi, Governor of the Samurai-dokoro, a position equal to the Samurai-dokoro Tonin.
- 生年は享年から逆算、一部異なる年齢を記す資料も存在する。
- The year of his birth was arrived at by calculating back from the year he died, but different documents give him different ages.
- 関東はそのうち、享徳の乱によって乱れに乱れることになる。
- Before long, the Kyotoku no Ran War (the turmoil of the Kyotoku War) takes place in the Kanto region, and the peace is disturbed.
- 「義仲天下ヲ執シ後60日ヲ経タリ」(『玉葉』)享年31。
- 'It was 60 days after Yoshinaka came into power' ('Gyokuyo') at the age of 31.
- 前各項の権利の享有には、いかなる方式の履行をも要しない。
- Enjoyment of the rights referred to in each of the preceding paragraphs shall not be subject to any formality.
- 1436年(永享8年)に父・巧如より本願寺住持職を継承。
- Zonnyo succeeded his father, Gyonyo, as the chief priest of the Hongan-ji Temple in 1436.
- 享保 (1716年6月22日 - 1736年4月28日)
- Kyoho (June 22, 1716 - April 28, 1736)
- 延享 (1744年2月21日 - 1748年7月12日)
- Enkyo (February 21, 1744 - July 12, 1748)
- 貞享 (1684年2月21日) - 1688年9月30日
- Jokyo (February 21, 1684) - September 30, 1688
- 又四郎尺、享保尺、折衷尺などを勘案して明治期に定められた。
- Established in Meiji period in order to unify the matashiro-jaku, the kyoho-jaku, the setchu-jaku, and so on.
- 延享2年(1745年)に将軍吉宗が隠居すると打ち切られる。
- After Yoshimune retired in 1745, the project was terminated.
- 享徳の乱では山内・越後上杉氏らと共に五十子に在陣している。
- During the Kyotoku War, the Hachijo Uesugi family joined with the Yamauchi and Echigo Uesugi clans, who all sent their soldiers to camp at Irako.
- 享保8年、兄忠幹の死により末期養子となり松本藩を相続する。
- Upon his older brother, Tadamoto's death in 1723, he became a matsugo yoshi and inherited the Matsumoto Domain.
- 享保3年(1718年)に父忠周の死により松本藩を相続する。
- Upon his father, Tadachika's death, he inherited the Matsumoto Domain in 1718.
- 南向会所 - 一番目、永享4年(1432年)にできた会所。
- Minamimuki kaisho - First was a kaisho which was built in 1432
- 延享1年(1744年)に浅野宗恒の子として広島で生まれる。
- Tadakane was born in 1744 in Hiroshima as Munetsune ASANO's son.
- 享保19年(1734年)に一族水野守満の子として生まれる。
- Tadato was born in 1734 as Morimitsu MIZUNO's son.
- 6代将軍足利義教は持氏追討を命じ、持氏は自刃(永享の乱)。
- The sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA issued an order to hunt down and kill Mochiuji, and Mochiuji stabbed himself (Eikyo Incident).
- 延享元年(1744)の祈祷札がありこの頃の建築とみられる。
- An ofuda talisman dated 1744 was found, which shows the residence was constructed around that time.
- 享保年間には、荻生徂徠・太宰春台も同じようなことを唱えた。
- During Kyoho era, Sorai OGYU and Shundai DAZAI proposed similar ideas.
- 享保15年(1730年)6月の藩札発行の解禁に至らしめた。
- Therefore, in June, 1730, han satsu (han bill) was permitted to be issued.
- 享年77歳(満76歳0ヶ月25日)は歴代将軍の中で最長命。
- He was 76 years old and had the longest life among the successive Shoguns.
- 1723年(享保8年)京都松尾に華厳寺 (京都市)を建立。
- In 1723, he founded the Kegon-ji Temple in Matsuo, Kyoto City.
- 伊能忠敬が測量のために又四郎尺と享保尺を平均して作ったもの。
- Invented by Tadataka INO by averaging and integrating the matashiro-jaku and the kyoho-jaku for land survey.
- 藩札は、貞享・宝永・天明・升屋札・両替所札などがあげられる。
- Issued han bills included Jokyo, Hoei, Tenmei, Masuya and Ryogaejo bills.
- 土佐守>【享和3年1月12日藩主就任-文政3年6月3日隠居】
- Governor of Tosa Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on January 12, 1806 - retired on June 3, 1820'
- 享禄4年(1531年)、高国は天王寺の戦いに敗れて自害する。
- In 1531, Takakuni lost the Battle of Tennoji and killed himself.
- 長享2年(1488年)には結城尚豊を近江国守護に任じている。
- In 1488, he appointed Hisatoyo YUKI to be shugo of Omi Province.
- また、空を飛ぶことができ享楽のうちに生涯を過ごすといわれる。
- Tenjin are also believed to be able to fly in the sky and spend a life of pleasure.
- 1687年(貞享4年)4月に曼殊院を退院して天松院と号した。
- He resigned from his post at Manju-in Temple in April 1687 and called himself Tenshoin thereafter.
- 8代将軍徳川吉宗が行った享保の改革により相当部分は修正される。
- Most of the policies were revised during the Kyoho reform carried out by the eighth shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA.
- 以上のように、相互に利益を享受することで、両者は結ばれていた。
- It was in this way that both parties were connected in a mutually beneficial relationship.
- 享禄元年(1528年)、高国は京奪回を試みるが、晴元に敗れる。
- In 1528, Takakuni tried to recapture the capital but was defeated by Harumoto.
- 室町時代には鎌倉府は京都の幕府と対立し、永享の乱などが起こる。
- During the Muromachi period, the Kamakura Government and Bakufu in Kyoto competed with each other resulting in conflicts such as the Eikyo War.
- 1452年(享徳元)8月11日、正三位に昇叙し、権中納言如元。
- September 3, 1452: Katsumitsu was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank), while remaining as Gon Chunagon.
- 1452年(享徳元年)11月26日 - 幕府の管領に再度就任。
- November 26, 1452: Again became a kanrei of the Muromachi bakufu.
- 享年64(『吾妻鏡』による。『関東評定衆伝』では65とする)。
- He died at the age of 64 according to 'Azumakagami,' and 65 according to 'Kanto Hyojoshu Den.'
- このため、延享元年(1744年)建立の現社殿が基本形とされる。
- Therefore, it is said that the present shrine building built in 1744 constitutes its basic form.
- 1633年2月28日(寛永10年1月20日)に死去、享年64。
- On February 28, 1633, Suden passed away at the age of 64.
- 延享元年12月23日(1745年1月25日)、92歳で没する。
- On January 25, 1745 (on December 23, 1744 in old lunar calendar), he died at the age of 92.
- しかし義詮はこの後、にわかに発病し、12月に没した(享年38)。
- Soon after that, however, Yoshiakira fell sick all of a sudden and died in December (died at the age of 38).
- 1487年(長享元年)8月29日、従五位下に叙し、左馬頭に任官。
- August 29, 1487: Yoshitane was awarded the Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and was appointed as the Sama-no-kami (Chief Stabler).
- 享保8年 (1724) に、幕府は心中物の上演の一切を禁止した。
- In 1724 the feudal government, at the time, banned shinjumono performances (dramas dealing with the double suicide of lovers).
- 『永享記』も該当部分は『鎌倉持氏記』をリライトしたものとされる。
- The relevant part of 'Eikyoki' is said to be a rewrite of 'Kamakura Mochiujiki.'
- 放送事業者は、第九十八条から第百条までに規定する権利を享有する。
- The broadcasting organization shall enjoy the rights provided for in Articles 98 to 100.
- 世阿弥晩年の著で、永享4年(1432年)7月以前の成立と見られる。
- Written by Zeami in his final years and likely published before July and August of 1432.
- しかし季光自身は狂疾のため蟄居し、貞享元年(1684年)に没した。
- Suemitsu was confined to his house when he became mentally ill, however, and passed away in 1684.
- 1530年(享禄3年)1月20日、従三位に昇叙し、権大納言に転任。
- January 20, 1530: He was promoted to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) and transferred to the title of Gon Dainagon (provisional major counselor).
- その翌年の享保9年(1725年)11月、門左衛門は72歳で没する。
- The following year, in November 1725, Monzaemon died at aged seventy-two.
- 元隣の没年から十年以上後の貞享3年(1686年)6月に出版された。
- 'Kokon Hyakumonogatari Hyoban' was finally published in July or August 1686, more than 10 years after Genrin's death.
- 寛永16年(1639年) - 享保4年(1719年) 芭蕉の縁者。
- 1639 - 1719: A relative of Basho.
- 著作者人格権及び著作権の享有には、いかなる方式の履行をも要しない。
- Enjoyment of the moral rights of author and copyrights shall not be subject to any formality.
- 享保19年、兄で8代藩主の井伊直惟の養嗣子となったため廃藩となった。
- In 1734, this branch domain was abolished because Naosada became an adopted heir of Naonobu II who was Naosada's elder brother and the 8th lord of domain.
- 没年は享禄3年(1530年)とされ、数え年97歳で没したことになる。
- He is said to have died in 1530, which would mean he was 97 years old.
- 1408年(応永15年)、急病のために死去、享年51(満49歳没)。
- In 1408, he died of a sudden illness in his 51st calendar year (49 years old).
- 代表的なものが京都系の竹尺(享保尺)と大坂系の鉄尺(又四郎尺)である。
- The representative shaku units were take-jaku (bamboo shaku; also known as kyoho-jaku [shaku of Kyoho era]) used in Kyoto region and tetsu-jaku (metal shaku; also known as matashiro-shaku [a carpenter's scale made by a joiner Matashiro]) used in Osaka region.
- 貞享4年(1687年)2月27日:魚鳥類食料禁止(鶏と亀と貝類も含む)
- On February 27th, 1687, the consumption of fish and birds (including chickens, turtles and shellfish) was prohibited.
- 1728年(享保13年)-1748年(寛延元年) - 毎年演習を行う。
- From 1728 to 1748, the maneuvers were held each year.
- 上米の制(あげまいのせい)とは、江戸幕府が享保の改革の際に出した制度。
- Agemai no sei was a rule issued by the Edo Bakufu at the time of Kyoho-no-kaikaku (Kyoho reform).
- 天明6年に忠友の養子となり、享和2年(1802年)に沼津藩を相続する。
- He became an adopted son of Tadatomo in 1786 and inherited the Numazu Domain in 1802.
- 宮中の女官によって書かれた『御湯殿上日記』長享元年・十一・四条の記事。
- According to the Clause November 4, 1487 (old calendar) of 'Oyudono no Ue no Nikki' written by the court lady of the empress.
- 年齢については当時の通説の享年88説で「大器晩成」として描かれている。
- He kept the conventional version of the theory with Soun as 'a later bloomer' who died at the age of 88.
- 生年は享禄元年(1528年)と大永6年(1526年)の2つの説がある。
- There are two theories about the year of his birth, 1528 and 1526.
- 吉宗の行なった享保の改革は一応成功し、幕府財政もある程度は再建された。
- Yoshimune's Kyoho Reforms were mostly successful, and the financial affairs of the bakufu were reconstructed to a certain extent.
- 河内国天野山金剛寺 (河内長野市)(大阪府河内長野市)で没、享年80。
- He died at Kongo-ji Temple on Mt. Amano in Kawachi Province (Kawachinagano City, Osaka Prefecture) at the age of 80.
- 延享元年(1744年)、真如 (東本願寺)の第8子(五男)として誕生。
- In 1744, he was born the eighth child (the fifth son) of Shinnyo (Higashi Hongan-ji Temple).
- 1436年(永享8年)日親により東洞院通綾小路通に創建された寺である。
- The temple was founded by Nisshin in 1436 at the corner of Higashinotoin-dori Street and Ayanokoji-dori Street.
- 貞享4年(1687年)4月30日:持筒頭下役人が鳩に投石したため遠慮処分
- On April 30th, 1687, a lower class government official was ordered to change his behaviour after throwing stones at doves.
- だが翌享禄5年(1532年)5月、畠山・三好連合は、木沢長政を再攻する。
- However, in May, 1532, the allied troops of Hatakeyama and Miyoshi attacked Nagamasa KIZAWA again.
- 享禄元年(1528年)には誠豊が死去し、養子の山名祐豊が但馬守護を継ぐ。
- Nobutoyo died in 1528 and his adopted son, Suketoyo YAMANA, succeeded the position of Tajima Shugo.
- 享保10年、江戸城中において乱心し毛利師就に斬りかかったため改易となる。
- He went mad and attacked Morotaka MORI with a sword in 1725 and was given the sanction of 'kaieki.'
- 裏面の花押は正徳小判および享保小判より大きく全体的に素朴なつくりである。
- The Kao (written seal mark) on the tail is bigger than that of Shotoku Koban or Kyoho Koban and simple on the whole.
- 永享8年(1436年)1月2日、第6代将軍・足利義教の子として生まれる。
- He was born on January 2, 1436, as a son of the 6th Shogun, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- 享保の改革の際に詠まれたもので、旗本への給与が遅れたことを風刺している。
- This poem was written during the Kyoho reforms, satirizing the delay of salary to Hatamoto samurai.
- 有線放送事業者は、第百条の二から第百条の五までに規定する権利を享有する。
- The wire-broadcasting organization shall enjoy the rights provided for in Articles 100-2 to 100-5.
- 外国人は、法令又は条約の規定により禁止される場合を除き、私権を享有する。
- Unless otherwise provided by applicable laws, regulations or treaties, foreign nationals shall enjoy private rights.
- 1719年(享保4年)17歳で出家し、19歳で選択本願念仏集を講義した。
- In 1719 he entered the priesthood at the age of 17 and lectured on Senchaku hongan nenbutsu shu (the holy writings of the Jodo Sect) at the age of 19.
- 結論としては、正徳の治と享保の改革には断絶があると考えるのは相当ではない。
- As a conclusion, it is not reasonable to think that there was a discontinuity between Shotoku no chi and Kyoho reforms.
- 九鬼隆治 -1980.3.25 1919皇道宣揚会を設立し、総裁 享年96
- Takaharu KUKI - Established and led Kodosenyokai, a martial arts association, from 1919, died aged 96 in March 25, 1980
- 土佐守>【寛政12年4月9日藩主就任-享和2年12月20日死去】〔奏者番〕
- Governor of Tosa Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on April 9, 1800 - died on December 20, 1805'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)]
- 成長した成氏は、幕府や関東管領上杉氏と対立して(享徳の乱)鎌倉を追われた。
- After grown up, Mochiuji confronted the bakufu and the Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy of the Kanto region) Uesugi clan (in the Kyotoku War), and Mochiuji was expelled from Kamakura during the war.
- 特に前述の享保年間と、幕末の万治元年(1860年)の強訴は大規模であった。
- The direct petition in the Kyoho era mentioned above and one in 1860 at the end of Edo period were large in scale.
- 九鬼宗隆 -2003.6.27 前・熊野本宮大社宮司/隆治の長男 享年90
- Munetaka KUKI - the first son of Takaharu, the former chief priest of Kumanohongu-taisha Shrine, died aged 90 in June 27, 2003
- そのため、徳川吉宗は幕府権力の再強化と財政再建(享保の改革)を推し進めた。
- Therefore, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA promoted the re-strengthening of the bakufu authority and financial reconstruction (Kyoho Reforms).
- しかし、養父の後を追うように享和2年(1802年)12月20日に死去した。
- However, he died on January 13, 1803, as if he followed his foster father.
- 延享2年(1745年)6月3日、第4代藩主・脇坂安興の次男として生まれる。
- Born on July 2, 1745 as the second son of Yasuoki WAKISAKA, the fourth lord of the Domain.
- 延享4年(1747年)に父が死去したため、家督を継いで第5代藩主となった。
- Since his father died in 1747, he took over as head of the family and became the fifth lord of the Domain.
- 享保銀が流通し始めてからしばらくは、元禄銀および宝永銀4種の併用が続いた。
- For a while, after the start of distributing kyoho-gin, both genroku-gin and four types of hoei-gin were used.
- 三条西実隆による「実隆本」(長享2年(1488年)の奥書を持つ)以後のもの
- The genealogy after 'Sanetaka-bon' by Sanetaka SANJONISHI (which has a postscript dated 1488)
- 延享元年(1744年)建立の出雲大社の社殿の高さは、約24mと巨大である。
- The height of the Izumo-oyashiro Shrine building, constructed in 1744, is considerably high, at 24 m.
- 老中については享保5年(1720年)に月一度の出席にまで頻度が低下している。
- The number of days Roju attended decreased to once a month in 1720.
- 享禄元年(1528年)、大内義興が死去すると、嫡子の大内義隆が家督を継いだ。
- When Yoshioki OUCHI died in 1528, a legitimate child, Yoshitaka OUCHI succeeded to the family estate.
- 民部大輔>【宝永5年6月25日藩主就任-享保6年11月24日死去】〔奏者番〕
- Minbu-taifu (First assistant to the Minister)> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on June 25, 1708 - died on November 24, 1721'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)]
- 土佐守>【享保13年11月23日藩主就任-明和7年8月30日死去】〔奏者番。
- Governor of Tosa Province> 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 23, 1728 - died on August 30, 1770'[Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies)
- のち69歳の享保16年(1731年)、江戸・入谷に移り住み、81歳で没した。
- Later, in 1731, when he was 69 years old, he moved to Iriya in the city of Edo, and died at the age of 81.
- 享禄元年(1528年)、安芸門山城攻めで病に倒れ、山口に帰還直後に死去した。
- He fell ill during an attack on Aki Kadoyama-jo Castle in 1528 and died immediately after returning to Yamaguchi.
- 生年不詳 - 享保3年(1718年) 「奥の細道」の道中の芭蕉と出会い入門。
- Year of birth unknown - 1718: Met Basho on his way of 'The Narrow Road to the Deep North,' and became his pupil.
- 1734年(享保19年)、大坂曾根崎に、松尾ヲサキの非嫡出子として生まれた。
- He was born in 1734 at Sonezaki in Osaka, as an illegitimate son of Osaki MATSUO.
- 1488年(長享2年)に日真 (法華宗真門流)は本隆寺(京都府)を建立する。
- In 1488, Nichishin (Hokke sect Shinmon school) erected Honryu-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture).
- 享保丁銀(正徳丁銀)(正徳4年(1714年)8月、331,420貫余、80%)
- Kyoho Chogin (Shotoku Chogin) (September 1714, approximately 1243 t, 80%)
- 日本列島の地域で制作・享受された美術をその範囲とすると考えるのが一般的である。
- Geographically speaking, it is common that the arts produced or enjoyed on the Japanese archipelago are regarded as the objects which Japanese art history covers.
- 享保年間は、このように、学問・思想の上でも新しい展開のみられた時代でもあった。
- As stated above, the Kyoho era was also an era when new developments were achieved in the fields of study and thought.
- 将軍吉宗自ら主導した改革を「享保の改革」と呼ぶ(1716年 - 1745年)。
- The reforms led by Shogun Yoshimune himself is called Kyoho Reforms (from A.D. 1716 to 1745).
- また、享保7年(1722年)には大津奉行の職務を統合して大津市の支配も行った。
- Also, in 1722, it merged with the duties of Otsu Magistrate to control Otsu City.
- 他の戦国大名では武田信虎(享年81歳)など80代まで生きた著名な人物は多い。)
- There are many famous people who lived into their 80s, such as the war lord Nobutora TAKEDA, who lived to 81.)
- 享和元年(1801年)10月17日、第9代藩主・朽木倫綱の長男として生まれる。
- He wa born on November 22, 1801, as the first son of Tomotsuna KUTSUKI, the ninth lord of the Domain.
- 長享2年(1488年) 一揆衆は加賀において共和国「百姓のもちたる国」を樹立。
- In 1488, a riot group established a republic, 'a country ruled by farmers,' in Kaga Province.
- 明治10年(1877年)9月2日に療養先の箱根塔ノ沢環翠楼にて死去、享年32。
- On September 2, 1877, she died in Kansuiro, Tonosawa, Hakone where she stayed to rest up, she was thirty two years old.
- 享禄4年(1531年)3月、高国は三好元長の反撃を受けて摂津国中嶋の戦いで大敗。
- During March of 1531, Takakuni suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Nakajima in Settsu Province due to a counterattack made by Motonaga MIYOSHI.
- 以後、延享元年、宝暦11年、文化_(元号)7年などにも同様の法令が出されている。
- Similar laws were enforced in 1744, 1761, and 1812.
- この家系は久留米藩のほかに、享保年間には伊勢西条藩の大名に昇格するなど繁栄した。
- This family lineage prospered as ascended to be the daimyo (feudal lord) of Ise Saijo Domain in the Kyoho era, as well as the Kurume Domain.
- 松平光慈(みつちか)<従五位下。丹波守>【享保2年11月1日藩主就任。同日移封】
- Mitsuchika MATSUDAIRA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 1, 1717 - transferred on the same date'
- 福智山の「智」は1728年(享保13年)に朽木氏によって「知」の字に改められた。
- The character for 'Chi' (智 in kanji) in Fukuchiyama (福智山 in kanji) was changed to 'Chi' (知 in kanji) by the Kutsuki clan in 1728.
- 最終的には永正17年(1520年)6月10日に阿波勝瑞城にて死去した。享年32。
- He died at Awa Shozui Castle on July 4, 1520 at the age of 32.
- 永享11年(1439年)1月18日、第6代将軍・足利義教の10男として生まれる。
- He was born on February 11, 1439 as the tenth son of the sixth shogun, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- 享保15年(1730年)11月24日、第5代藩主・朽木玄綱の長男として生まれる。
- Born on January 2, 1731 as the first son of Totsuna KUTSUKI, the fifth lord of the Domain.
- 1436年(永享8年)には『金島書』を著すが、その後の消息はよく分かっていない。
- In 1436, he wrote 'Kintosho' (The Book of Golden Island), but his whereabouts and other details of his life remain unclear.
- 1488年(長享2年)北野連歌所宗匠となり、名実ともに連歌界の第一人者となった。
- In 1488, he was appointed as the Renga Master of Kitano Shrine and became the leading figure in renga circles in both name and reality.
- 享保13年(1728年)に立太子、同20年(1735年)に父帝の譲位により践祚。
- In 1728 he became the crown prince, and in 1735 he ascended the throne after his father passed it to him.
- よって、享保十一年、元文三年、延享元年の数字も町奉行支配場町人人口として扱った。)
- In this chart, the census figures for 1721 (Kyoho 11), 1738 (Genbun 3), and 1743 (Enkyo 1) only represent townspeople.
- 貞享4年(1687年)4月9日:病気の馬遺棄者が遠流に処される(武蔵国村民10人)
- On April 9th, 1687, deserters of sick horses were ordered to exile (10 villagers in Musashi Province).
- 入れ替わりに同地より奥平昌成が入封し、享保2年(1717年)には中津藩に転出する。
- In exchange, from the same place, Masashige OKUDAIRA took over the domain and was transferred to the Nakatsu domain in 1717.
- 正徳2年(1712年に右衛門佐、享保14年(1729年)に大監物と名乗りを改める。
- In 1712, he changed the post name to Uemon no suke (Assistant Captain of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards), and in 1729, to Daikenmotsu.
- もっともこのべんは元禄3年(1690年)12月6日に享年20にして亡くなっている。
- His wife, Ben, died at the age of 20 on January 4, 1691.
- 享保15年(1730年)ころ本町筋の年寄役となり、藩主に拝謁を許されるにいたった。
- At around 1730, the family gained an official position of chief executive of Honmachi-suji and became allowed to meet the lord of the Tosa clan.
- 称光・後花園の2代にわたり院政を行い、この間永享3年(1431年)に出家している。
- During the eras of the two generations, Shoko and Gohanazono, Emperor Gokomatsu ruled his cloister government; he became a priest during this period, in 1431.
- 永享11年(1439年)の永享の乱では、長年対立していた関東公方足利持氏を滅ぼした。
- In the Eikyo War in 1439, he destroyed Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kanto-kubo, against whom he had conflicts for a long time.
- 享保小判(正徳4年(1714年)8月、8,280,000両、4.76匁、86.8%)
- Kyoho koban (September 1714, 8,280,000 ryo, 4.76 monme, 86.8%)
- 「民撰議院」によって有司の専権を抑え、以て国民は幸福を享受することになると主張する。
- They insisted that, with 'Minsen Giin' to suppress the autocracy of the bureaucrats, citizens would be happier.
- ことから、徳川吉宗の享保の改革の一環として過料が導入されたという学説が存在していた。
- Therefore, the scholars theorized the administration of Yoshimune TOKUGAWA introduced a Karyo, forming a part of the Kyoho-no-kaikaku (Kyoho reform).
- 将軍義教と鎌倉公方持氏の対立おいては、持氏が横領する事件も起こる(永享3年に和睦)。
- When shogun Yoshinori and Kamakura kubo (governor-general of Kanto region) Mochiuji were in conflict, Mochiuji once unlawfully seized it (settled in 1411).
- 永享10-11年(1438-1439年)鎌倉公方足利持氏、関東管領の上杉憲実と対立。
- From 1438 to 1439, Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kamakura kubo, had a conflict with Norizane UESUGI, Kanto Kanrei (a shogun deputy for the Kanto region).
- 早雲の年齢については江戸時代以来、享年88(永享4年(1432年)生)とされていた。
- It has been believed from the Edo Period that Soun was born in 1432 and died at the age of 88.
- 享徳の乱で関東公方足利成氏が幕府に叛き、将軍の命を受けた今川氏が鎌倉市を攻めて占領。
- During the Kyotoku War, Shigeuji ASHIKAGA, a Kanto Kubo, disobeyed the Bakufu administration, and the Imagawa clan was ordered by the Shogun to attack and capture Kamakura City.
- 如来宗(如来教) - 享和2年(1802年)に一尊如来きのによって名古屋に開かれた。
- The Nyorai sect (Nyorai-kyo) was founded in Nagoya in 1802 by Kino ISSONNYORAI.
- 1488年(長享2年)、日教は「類衆翰集私」を著し、その中に二箇相承を引用している。
- In 1488, Nikkyo wrote 'Ruiju Kanshushi' and quoted Nika Sojo there.
- 公家・大名家及び上級武士を除く家が、平民という族称を享け、華族、士族の下位に置かれた。
- Families other than kuge (court nobles), daimyo-ke (families of feudal lords) and upper-class warrior families were designated as heimin which were ranked below kazoku (nobility class) and shizoku (warrior classes).
- また、稲葉氏の歴代藩主は短命な者が多く、享保年間には4人の藩主が相次いで死去している。
- Many successive lords of the Inaba clan were short-lived, and four of them died in quick succession during the Kyoho era.
- 1441年(永享13年)1月に義教は畠山家の家督を、畠山持国から畠山持永に委譲させた。
- In February, 1441, Yoshinori transferred responsibility for the Hatakeyama family from Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA to Mochinaga HATAKEYAMA.
- 享保大判の現存数は万延大判についで多いが、初期の十二代寿乗による墨書は大変稀少である。
- There are many existing Kyoho-oban, surpassed only by the Manen-Oban, although Kyoho-Obans with ink writings by the twelfth clan head, Jujo, are rare.
- 通用期間は元禄8年(1695年)発行当初より享保10年(1725年)11月末であった。
- The period of currency was from its release in 1695 to the end of December 1725.
- 享保3年(1718年)には幕府から正式に株仲間として公認されるに至り600人を数えた。
- By 1718 they were officially recognized as 'kabunakama' (a merchant guild) with a member population of over 600.
- また『永享記』とほぼ同内容の軍記に『結城戦場記』があり、伝本のひとつとも評されている。
- There is an account of war called 'Yuki Senjoki' (the record of Yuki War), which has almost the same contents as 'Eikyoki,' and is considered one of the denpon (existent books of transcription and published books).
- また、長享2年には、この城の近くで須賀谷原の戦い(すがやはらがっせん)が起こっている。
- In 1488, the battle of Sugayahara broke out around this castle.
- 1488年(長享2年)京都四条大宮に本隆寺を創建し、その後北陸を中心に教線を伸ばした。
- In 1488, he built Honryu-ji Temple at Shijo Omiya in Kyoto, and he later preached his doctrine mainly in the Hokuriku region.
- 貞享4年(1687年)1月に元服し、同年3月21日に霊元天皇の譲位にともない践祚した。
- He had a coming-of-age ceremony in February and March 1687, he ascended to the throne after Emperor Reigen passed the throne to him on May 2.
- 江戸幕府第5代征夷大将軍徳川綱吉は、貞享4年(1687年)殺生を禁止する法令を制定した。
- In 1687, Seii Taishogun, Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA established a law to prohibit the taking of life.
- これは享保期に幕府の求めに応じて、評定所が提出した書上のなかに記載されている事項である。
- This was mentioned in the document submitted by the Hyojosho, by request from the government in the Kyoho era (1716-1735).
- 彼は下級の満洲旗人の子として北京に生を享けたが、幼くして八ヶ国連合軍に父を殺されている。
- He was born as the child of a lower rank kijin (a member of the Eight Banners during the Qing dynasty) of Manchuria, but his father was killed by the Eight-Nation Alliance force when he was young.
- 永享元年(1429年)に播磨の土一揆が発生するなど、その支配力に次第に翳りが見え始める。
- Including the occurrence of the peasant uprising in 1429 in Harima Province, the dominance of the clan started to fade gradually.
- 享保18年(1733年)に懐妊したものの、9月11日に早産(生まれた子はまもなく死去)。
- Although Masuko became pregnant in 1733, she lost the baby due to premature birth on October 18 (The child died soon after the birth.)
- 永享4年の七夕法楽においては、伏見宮の会所(常御所)を65瓶もの花瓶、花で飾ったほどだ。
- During the Tanabata Horaku of 1432, the kaisho of Fushinomiya (Tsune no gosho) was decorated with sixty-five flower vases full of blooming flowers.
- 長享3年(1489年)3月26日巳の刻(午前10時)、近江鈎(まがり)の陣中で病死した。
- He died on the field at ten o'clock in the morning on May 5, 1489.
- 京都に上って室町将軍足利義尚に仕え、1487年の長享の乱・1491年の延徳の乱にも参加。
- Moving to Kyoto, Takatane served Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA of the Muromachi bakufu, and participated in the Chokyo and Entoku Campaigns (the 1487 [Chokyo 1] campaign and the 1491 [Entoku 3] campaign against the Rokkaku clan in Omi Province, which are also known as the Rokkaku Seibatsu [Subjugation]).
- 『永享記』と『結城戦場記』を比較すると、『結城戦場記』の方がより母本に近い善本とされる。
- Comparing 'Eikyoki' with 'Yuki Senjoki,' the latter is regarded as a good manuscript which is closer to the original.
- だが、享禄4年6月6日 (旧暦)(1531年7月19日)に高国の戦死に先駆けて落城した。
- On July 29, 1531, however, the castle fell to the enemy before Takakuni died in a fight.
- また1449年(宝徳元年)-1452年(享徳元年)には内藤元貞と交替していたようである。
- It seems that he was replaced by Motosada NAITO between 1449 and 1452.
- 晩年に守成親王(順徳天皇)を養子とする話があったが、実現しないままに享年53歳で薨じた。
- In her later years, she was going to adopt Imperial Prince Morinari (Emperor Juntoku), but she did not have a chance to do so and she passed away when she was fifty three years old.
- 永享の乱(えいきょうのらん)は、室町時代の1437年(永享9年)に関東地方で発生した戦乱。
- The Eikyo War (Eikyo no ran) is a war which occurred in the Kanto region (regions surrounding Tokyo) in 1437.
- 『鎌倉持氏記』(かまくらもちうじき)は、室町時代の永享の乱・結城合戦を描いた軍記物である。
- Kamakura Mochiuji ki is a military diary depicting the Eikyo Rebellion and Yuki Battle during the Muromachi period.
- そのため備後福山藩が発行したのが確実な藩札は享保15年(1730年)に発行したものである。
- Therefore, the han bill issued by Bingo-fukuyama Domain in 1730 is the only recognized one.
- 小出英貞(ふささだ)【宝永2年4月22日藩主就任-延享元年(1744年)11月19日死去】
- Fusasada KOIDE (became the lord of the domain on April 22, 1705 - died on November 19, 1744)
- 「往古の武士の相撲を修行せしことここにあるなり。」木村柳悦守直撲『角力取組伝書』延享二年)
- That's why warriors must practice the sumo wrestling which was done by ancient warriors.' according to 'Sumo Torikumidensho' by Ryuetsu Morinao KIMURA in 1745)
- -明和8年(1771年)-享和2年(1802年)分(文化 (元号)元年(1804年)成立)
- Cases from 1771 to 1802; completed in 1804
- 幕府によって名張家を召出す動きがあったため、享保年間まで名張藤堂氏と本家との対立は続いた。
- Because the bakufu made attempts to enlist the services of Nabari family, confrontation between Nabari-Todo clan and its head family had continued up to the Kyoho period.
- 永享6・7年(1434年-1435年)伏見宮貞成親王に元亨釈書を講義している(看聞日記)。
- He gave a lecture about Genko shakusho (history of Buddhism of the Genko era) to Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadafusa in 1434 and 1435 (Kanmon Nikki (diary of Imperial Prince Fushimi no miya Sadafusa)).
- 享保20年(1735年)桜町天皇に譲位し(在位27年)、元文2年(1737年)に崩御した。
- In 1735 he passed the throne to Emperor Sakuramachi (his reign was twenty seven years) and he died in 1737.
- 大久保は島田らに「無礼者!」と一喝を与えたが、斬殺された(享年49〈数え年〉、満47歳没)。
- Okubo shouted to Shimada and the other assassins, 'Rude fellows!' but he was killed by their swords (died at the age of 49 by the traditional Japanese system, actually 47).
- 翌享保9年7月及び、元文4年(1739年)3月に足高などの修正を行って制度の充実が図られた。
- In August 1724 and April 1739, the system was improved through revisions of tashidaka.
- 足高の制(たしだかのせい、足高制)とは、徳川吉宗が享保8年(1723年)6月に施行した法令。
- Tashidaka no sei (Tashidaka system) refers to an act enforced by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in July 1723.
- 1685年(貞享2年)に復活(ただし、平戸以下の分国配分は復活させず)されて幕末まで続いた。
- In 1685, the Itowappu system was revived and the merchants under this system existed until the end of the Edo period; but the Itowappu nakama having the treatment of bunkoku habibun (outside the established framework) located in Hirado, Hakata and other cities in the Kyushu region were excluded from this revival.
- 永享12年(1440年)、持頼は将軍独裁を進める足利義教の命により大和国出陣中に殺害された。
- In 1440, Mochiyori was killed in the field to Yamato Province under the order from Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, who promoted a shogunal dictatorship.
- 小出英持(ふさよし)【延享元年12月26日藩主就任-明和4年(1767年)10月15日死去】
- Fusayoshi KOIDE (became the lord of the domain on December 26, 1744 - died on October 15, 1767)
- 松平光煕(みつひろ)<従五位下。河内守>【宝永8年2月15日藩主就任-享保2年9月4日死去】
- Mitsuhiro MATSUDAIRA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on February 15, 1711- died on September 4, 1717'
- しかしながら、この説については未だ検討中の段階で、これを採らず享年88説を採る研究者もいる。
- However, this theory is still being examined, and there are researchers who still insist that Soun died at the age of 88.
- 高清は美濃国の守護代・斎藤利国を頼り、六角征伐の最中の1488年(長享2年)8月に挙兵した。
- Takakiyo asked Toshikuni SAITO, the Mino Province's Shugodai, for help and raised an army in the middle of the Rokkaku subjugation in August 1488.
- 正保4年(1647年) - 享保17年(1732年) 蕉門の代表的人物で芭蕉の経済的支援者。
- 1647 - 1732: The representative pupil in Shomon, and supported Basho economically.
- 特許法第二十五条(外国人の権利の享有)の規定は、商標権その他商標登録に関する権利に準用する。
- The provision of Article 25 (Enjoyment of rights by foreign nationals) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to a trademark right and other rights relating to the trademark registration.
- 特許法第二十五条(外国人の権利の享有)の規定は、意匠権その他意匠登録に関する権利に準用する。
- Article 25 (Enjoyment of rights by foreign nationals) of the Patent Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to design rights and other rights relating to the design registration.
- 享保改革を推進した8代征夷大将軍・徳川吉宗の下で作成され、1742年(寛保2年)に仮完成した。
- Kujigata-osadamegaki was developed and completed provisionally in 1742 under the eighth Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, who promoted Kyoho reforms.
- 大坂においては、幕府の金庫同然であったから、享保以来、買米を命じられたことは10余度に及んだ。
- In Osaka, the Kurayashiki was similar to a cashbox for the government, they were ordered to buy rice over 10 times since Kyoho era.
- 宝永の札遣い停止令を経て、享保15年(1730年)に西宮の町人を札元に登用した銀札を発行した。
- After the order for the suspension of bills in the Hoei era lapsed, the domain issued han bills guaranteed by the townspeople of Nishinomiya in 1730.
- 天和 (日本)1年(1681年)に奏者番兼寺社奉行に就任し、貞享2年(1685年)まで勤める。
- He served as sojaban and jisha-bugyo from 1681 to 1685.
- こうした災害を理由とした改元(長享・延徳・明応)が相次いでいるのもそれを裏付けていると言える。
- The successive changes of the imperial era name (Chokyo, Entoku, and Meio) attributed to these disasters endorse this observation.
- 十代将軍徳川家治の時代であり、享保年間の日本の人口統計では当時の人口は約2200万人であった。
- It happened during the Kyoho era under the rule of the tenth shogun Ieharu TOKUGAWA, and according to the demographic statistics Japanese population was approximately 22 million.
- 翌永享7年(1435年)義教は光宣の訴えにより越智維通らの再度の討伐を決め、幕府軍を派遣した。
- In 1435, Yoshinori once again made up his mind to subdue Koremichi OCHI and his allies by the request from Mitsunobu and dispatched the army of bakufu.
- 4年後の建暦元年(1211年)赦免になり帰京し、翌年1月25日に死去、享年80(満78歳没)。
- Four years later, in 1211, he was pardoned and he came back to Kyoto, and he died on January 25 of the following year at the age of 78.
- しかし、延享元年(1744年)建立の出雲大社社殿は礎石の上に柱が立てられ、耐久性を高めている。
- However, at the Izumo-oyashiro Shrine building constructed in 1744, each pillar is placed on a base stone to increase its durability level.
- 1437年(永享9)に持氏が憲実を暗殺するという噂が流れると、憲実は鎌倉から相模国藤沢へ逃れる。
- As a rumor that Mochiuji would assassinate Norizane spread in 1437, Norizane ran away from Kamakura to Fujisawa of the Sagami Province.
- 強訴においては特に享保の大飢饉を発端とするものと、1860年に起きたものは大規模なものであった。
- The riots which started from the Kyoho Famine, and broke out in 1860 were especially massive.
- 享禄3年(1530年)に柳本賢治が播磨国出陣中に暗殺されると、浦上村宗と連携して京都に侵攻した。
- In 1530, following Kataharu YANAGIMOTO's assassination during the campaign for the control of Harima Province, Takakuni joined forces with Muramune URAGAMI and advanced into Kyoto.
- 青年、壮年期においては妻のほか愛人を囲うなど享楽的な側面も見せたが、晩年は禁欲的な態度に徹した。
- He showed a hedonistic side in his earlier days, and when he was middle aged, he had lovers other than his wife, but he was continent in his latter years.
- 享禄4年(1531年)三好元長に命じて高国を摂津国の広徳寺 (尼崎市)で自害させた(大物崩れ)。
- He directed Motonaga MIYOSHI to arrange for Takakuni to commit suicide at Kotoku-ji Temple (Amagasaki City) in Settsu Province in 1531 (the Battle of Daimotsu-kuzure).
- 822年6月26日(弘仁13年6月4日 (旧暦))、比叡山の中道院で没、享年56(満54歳没)。
- He passed away at the age of 56 at Chudo-in Hall at Mt. Hiei-zan on June 26, 822.
- 道興(どうこう、永享2年(1430年) - 大永7年1527年)は、室町時代の僧侶で聖護院門跡。
- Doko (1430 - 1527) was a Buddhist monk who was the monzeki (chief priest who is a member of the Imperial Family) of Shogo-in Temple during the Muromachi period.
- この背景には、享保の改革で下落した米の価格があり、諸藩の財政を救済する目的であったといわれている。
- It is said that the purpose of this change was to improve the financial affairs of each domain, which were affected by the falling price of rice that resulted from the Kyoho Reforms (reforms made in the Kyoho era of the Edo period).
- 幕府の信任を得たものの、少弐氏・大友氏との戦いに敗れ、永享3年(1431年)に大内盛見は敗死する。
- Morimi OUCHI won the confidence of the shogunate, nevertheless, he was defeated in a battle with Shoni clan, Otomo clan, and died in the battle in 1431.
- 享禄2年(1529年)に宮仕えから身を引き、剃髪して環翠軒宗武と号し、学者としての活動に専念した。
- In 1529 he retired from service to the Imperial Court, took the tonsure, called himself Munetake KANSUIKEN and concentrated on activities as a scholar.
- In 1529, he retired from the service of the court and shaved his head and became a bonze to devote his life to study naming himself Kansuiken Sobu as by name.
- 享保16年(1731年)、家重と婚姻し、江戸城西の丸へ入り、御廉中様(将軍世子の正室)と称された。
- She married Ieshige in 1731, moved into nishi no maru (a castle compound to the west of the main compound) of Edo-jo Castle, then she was addressed Gorenchu-sama (the legal wife of the heir to the Shugun).
- 貞享2年(1685年)、備中国庭瀬藩より5万石で久世重之が入るが、短期間で三河吉田藩へ移封となる。
- In 1685, Shigeyuki KUZE took over Kameyama with assigned revenues of 50,000 koku from the Niwase Domain in Bicchu Province, but the family was soon transferred to the Yoshida Domain in Mikawa Province.
- この話は年号に矛盾があるものの、享保5年(1720年)に禁書の令が緩められたきっかけとされている。
- While this episode may have a contradiction between the years, it is said to have been a trigger to loosen the order to ban the import of the foreign books in 1720.
- そして貞享元年(1686年)、幕府の認可をもって、江戸、京、大坂の大都市を中心に勧進をしはじめた。
- Then, in 1685, he started soliciting contributions focusing on large cities such as Edo, Kyo, and Osaka with authorization from the bakufu.
- 大和永享の乱(やまとえいきょうのらん)は、室町時代の正長2年(1429年)に大和国で発生した戦乱。
- Yamato Eikyo War occurred in Yamato Province in 1429, in the Muromachi period.
- 『永享記』(えいきょうき)は、室町時代の永享の乱・結城合戦からその後の東国情勢を描いた軍記である。
- 'Eikyoki' is an account of war that covers the incidents ranging from the Eikyo War and Yuki War in the Muromachi period to the political circumstances in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region).
- その浄土寺の跡を引き継ぐにあたり享保年間(1716年~1736年)に建てられたのがこの寺とされる。
- In the wake of the abolished Jodo-ji Temple, the current Jodo-in Temple was built during the period from 1716 to 1736.
- 享禄4年(1531年)、細川氏綱が父の菩提を弔うため現在の京都市上京区に建てた三友院を起源とする。
- The origin of Torin-in Temple lies in Sanyu-in Temple which was erected in 1531 by Ujitsuna HOSOKAWA to pray to Buddha for the happiness of his deceased father, and was located in present Kamigyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City.
- 享保5年1月1日 (旧暦)(1720年2月8日)、第一皇子・昭仁親王(のちの桜町天皇)を出産する。
- On February 8, 1720, she gave birth to the first son, Imperial Prince Teruhito (later the Emperor Sakuramachi).
- そのため、美術の享受者層も増大し、寺社、公家、武家などに加え、裕福な町人層が有力なパトロンとなった。
- Therefore, the stratum of the art beneficiaries became wider, in other words, the rich merchant class entered the art community - almost occupied by temples, shrines, court nobles, and samurai until then - as a powerful patron.
- しかし、幕許によって藩札発行が認められた享保15年(1730年)には早くも藩札の発行を再開している。
- However, domains resumed issuing han bulls as soon as the shogunate allowed it in 1730.
- 貞享元年(1684年):若年寄稲葉正休が、本丸で大老堀田正俊を殺害し、正休もその場で殺害された事件。
- 1684: Wakadoshiyori, Masayasu INABA killed chief minister Masatoshi HOTTA in Honmaru (the keep of a castle), and he was also killed on the spot.
- 永享7年(1435年)に発生した和賀・稗貫の乱では大崎氏の職務代行者として北奥の諸氏を指揮している。
- In the Rebellion of Waga/Hienuki which occurred in 1435, it took command of the clans in the northern part of Oshu region in place of the Osaki clan.
- 長禄3年は全国的な旱魃に加えて、関東地方の享徳の乱、畿内の台風などによって西日本を中心に飢饉が発生、
- In 1459, a nation-wide drought, the Kyotoku war in the Kanto region, and a typhoon that struck the Kinai area triggered a famine in Japan that mainly affected the western part of the country.
- 享保の改革で徳川吉宗を補佐した和泉守忠之や天保の改革を主導した水野忠邦等、著名な老中も輩出している。
- This family produced renowned roju, such as the Izumi no kami (Governor of Izumi Province) Tadayuki, who assisted Yoshimune TOKUGAWA during the Kyoho Reforms and Tadakuni MIZUNO, who led the Tenpo Reforms.
- 享保10年に兄忠恒が改易となったが、名門と言うことで忠穀に7000石が与えられ家名の存続を認められた。
- Although his older brother, Tadatsune, was given the sanction of 'kaieki' in 1725, Tadayoshi was granted 7,000 koku and were also allowed to maintain their family name as a special case because their family was renowned.
- そして遂に、第4代公方・足利持氏の時代には第6代将軍・足利義教と武力衝突(永享の乱)するまでに至った。
- In the end, during the era of the fourth Kamakura-kubo Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, the conflict resulted in an armed clash (the Eikyo War) with the sixth shogunate Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- 会所泉殿 - 二番目、永享5年(1433年)にできた会所で、北向会所ともいって、北に正面を向けていた。
- Kaisho Izumidono - Second was a kaisho made in 1433 and was also called Kitamuki Kaisho with its front facing north.
- しかし、晴元の重臣・三好元長の反撃を受けて享禄4年(1531年)3月10日の摂津中島の戦いで大敗する。
- On March 10, 1531, Harumoto's chief retainer, Motonaga MIYOSHI, turned against him and delivered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Settsu Nakajima.
- 享保18年(1733年)、丹波国桑田郡穴太(あのお)村(現・京都府亀岡市)に農家の次男として生まれた。
- He was born in 1733 in Ano Village, Kuwata District, Tanba Province (currently Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture) as the second son of a farmer.
- 長享2年(1488年)頃に山内上杉家が扇谷上杉家方の川越城に対するおさえとして、菅谷の旧城を再興した。
- In around 1488, the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family reconstructed the old castle at Sugaya to compete against Kawagoe-jo Castle of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi family.
- 明・朝鮮軍の総力を挙げた攻勢を撃退した日本軍であったが、既に8月18日に秀吉は死去していた(享年62)。
- Although the Japanese forces fought off the all-out attack from the Ming-Korean forces, Hideyoshi had already died on September 18th (died at the age of 62).
- 驚いたことに結果的に幕府もこの陳情をすなおに受け止め、十分の一役米は享和3年(1803年)に廃止された。
- Surprisingly, the bakufu eventually accepted their claim without objection and abolished the obligatory supply of the one-tenth amount of rice for sake brewing in 1803.
- 徳川吉宗の時代の享保10年7月28日 (旧暦)(1726年8月25日)に江戸城本丸で発生した事件である。
- It happened in the main ward of Edo-jo Castle on August 25, 1726 in the Yoshimune TOKUGAWA period.
- 鎌倉公方足利氏と関東管領上杉氏はやがて対立し、1439年の永享の乱では関東管領は将軍足利義教方についた。
- The Kamakura kubo Ashikaga clan and the Kanto kanrei Uesugi clan became at odds, and the Eikyo War occurred in 1439, where the Kanto kanrei sided with shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- この功により貞享元年12月1日 (旧暦)(1685年1月5日)に初代幕府天文方に任ぜられ、碁方は辞した。
- As a result, on January 5, 1685, he was appointed the Shogunate's first official astronomer and retired as a professional go player.
- 1487年(長享元年)9代将軍足利義尚が行った近江国の六角氏討伐には家臣間田弘胤を代理として参陣させた。
- In 1487 he made Hiroomi MADA, a vassal, participate on his behalf in the the 9th Shogun, Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA's subjugation of the Rokkaku clan of Omi Province.
- 『代匠記』が着手されたのは天和3年の頃であり、「初稿本」は貞享4年頃に、「精選本」は元禄3年に成立した。
- The creation of 'Daishoki' started around 1683 and 'the first edition' was completed around 1687 followed by 'the final version' in 1690.
- 作品は1453年(享徳2年)に作られた、「源氏物語年立」または「源氏物語諸巻年立」と呼ばれるものである。
- The work, written in 1453, is called 'Genji monogatari toshidate' or 'Genji monogatari shokan toshidate'.
- 景徳寺、等持寺などの住持を経て、永享4年(1432年)3月29日、39歳の時、相国寺第44世住持となる。
- After being a chief priest of Keitoku-ji Temple, Toji-ji Temple and so on, he became the 44th chief priest of Sokoku-ji Temple at the age of 39 on May 8, 1432.
- 1429年(永享元年)当時荒廃していた妙心寺に請われて入寺し、養源院などを建てて妙心寺の復興に尽力した。
- In 1429, Myoshin-ji Temple, a temple that was ruined back then, invited him as a priest, and he devoted himself to reviving the temple by building Yogenin Temple.
- 1487年(長享元年)等持寺に住し、1490年(延徳2年)遣明使の正使の命を受けたがこれを辞退している。
- In 1487, he resided at Toji-ji Temple, and in 1490, he was ordered to become a Seishi (senior envoy) of Kenminshi (Japanese envoys to the Ming Dynasty, China), however, he turned it down.
- 永享5年(1433年)、新宮氏残党は越後国小川庄津川城を攻めたが、城代・金上氏によって撃退されて滅亡した。
- In 1433, the remainders of the Shingu clan attacked Tsugawa-jo Castle, Ogawa-no-sho, Echigo Province, but they were beaten back by the Kanakami clan, Jodai (the keeper of castle), and consequently went to ruin.
- 寺社から自立した土倉は幕府と結びつきながら、永享年間には土倉による座(土倉方一衆)が形成されるようになる。
- Doso, which gained independence from temples became associated with the bakufu and formed doso-za (doso guilds, 土倉方一衆).
- 長享元年(1487年)早雲は再び駿河国へ下り、龍王丸を補佐すると共に石脇城(焼津市)に入って同志を集めた。
- In 1487, Soun went to Suruga once again to assist Tatsuomaru, at the same time gathering allies at Ishiwaki-jo Castle.
- 永享6年(1434年)5月12日 (旧暦)の識語をもつ『浄土文類聚鈔』が、蓮如の書写になる現存最古のもの。
- 'Jodofumi Ruishusho' dated May 12, 1434 (lunar calendar) is currently the oldest transcription by Rennyo.
- こうした中で光琳30歳の貞享4年(1687年)、父宗謙が死去し、家業は光琳の兄が藤三郎が継ぐことになった。
- In 1687, when Korin was 30 years old, his father, Soken, died and the family business was taken over by his older brother Tozaburo.
- 『月堂見聞集』では享保6年(1721年)7月までに、この内223,080貫571匁を吹き立てたとしている。
- Tsukidokenbunroku (document describing society between 1697 to 1734) says that, among which, 223,080 kan 571 monme (unit of weight) was cupellated by July 1721.
- 永享五年(1433)八月二十五日下命、同十年(1438)八月二十三日四季部奏覧、翌十一年六月二十七日成立。
- On October 17, 1433, the order was issued; on September 21, 1438, the four seasons' part was submitted to the Emperor for inspection; on August 15 of the following year the anthology was completed.
- 1801年(享和元年)、昔加島稲荷に告げられた68歳に達し、68首の「献神和歌帖」を編んで同社に奉納した。
- In 1801, at age 68, the age that Kashima Inari Shrine had once predicted he would live to, he compiled 'Kenshin Wakacho,' a collection of poetry that totaled 68 poems, and dedicated it to the shrine.
- しかし、両記間の関係は必ずしも確立しておらず「永享記(結城戦場記)」といった形で両記を併記することもある。
- However, the relationship between these two records has not necessarily been established, and sometimes both names are written down together like this: 'Eikyoki (Yuki Senjoki).'
- 品種登録がされた後において、育成者権者が第十条の規定により育成者権を享有することができない者になったとき。
- where, after the variety registration, the holder of the breeder's right has become a person who may not enjoy a breeder's right pursuant to the provisions of Article 10;
- 延享元年(1744年)建立の出雲大社の社殿には畳60帖が敷かれているが、いつから敷かれたのかは不明である。
- Sixty tatami mats are laid in the shrine building of the Izumo-oyashiro Shrine built in 1744, but it is not known when they were laid.
- 貞享から元禄にかけて、勧進相撲の禁令は随時解かれていき、江戸でも1680年代に興行制限が大幅に緩和された。
- The ban on kanjin sumo was gradually lifted from the period of Jokyo to Genroku; in Tokyo, restrictions on spectacular sumo matches were significantly relaxed in the 1680s.
- 享保の改革以降からは、全国的な調査の取りまとめが行われ、1726年以降は、調査期間を6年おきに改められた。
- After the Kyoho reforms, the nationwide integration of censusing was pursued, and after 1726, it was re-decided that the census should be carried out once every six years.
- 鎖国という言葉は江戸時代の蘭学者である志筑忠雄が享和元年(1801年)の『鎖国論』においてはじめて使用した。
- Tadao SHITSUKI, a Rangakusha (one who studied Western sciences through the Dutch language) in the Edo period, first used the term 'Sakoku' in the book 'Sakoku-ron' (literally: 'theory of national isolation') written in 1801.
- また自治体の財布から出ていく金は行政の業務コストとなり、住民は自治体の行政サービスを享受して還元してもらう。
- The money spent from government funds covers administrative costs and returned to citizens who receive government services.
- 吉宗が行った享保の改革によっても幕府の財政赤字の根本的解決には程遠く、続く9代徳川家重の時代に持ち越される。
- Despite Yoshimune's Kyoho Reforms, a budget deficit of the Edo bakufu was far from a thorough resolution, so it was carried over to the reign of the next ninth Shogun Ieshige TOKUGAWA.
- しかし、松本藩主時代の享保10年(1725年)に6代隼人正忠恒が江戸城中で刃傷事件を起こしたため改易となる。
- However in 1725, Hayato no kami Tadatsune, the sixth generation of this family, had a sword fight in the Edo-jo Castle, and was given the 'kaieki' sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties).
- 明応3年(1494年)関東では山内上杉氏と扇谷上杉氏の抗争(長享の乱)が再燃し、上杉定正は早雲に援軍を依頼。
- In 1494, a battle took place between the Yamauchi-Uesugi and Ogigayatsu-Uesugi clans, and Sadamasa UESUGI requested reinforcement from Soun.
- 生年は長らく永享4年(1432年)が定説とされてきたが、近年新たに康正2年(1456年)説が提唱されている。
- Although it has long been believed that he was born in 1432, recent theories have suggested the year 1456.
- 長享3年(1489年)に足利義尚が死去すると、義視は子の義材と共に上洛し、娘のいる京都三条の通玄寺に入った。
- After Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA died in 1489, Yoshimi went to Kyoto with his son Yoshiki and entered Tsugen-ji Temple on Kyoto Sanjyo.
- 享保15年(1730年)には、幕府直轄領の年貢米である城米と区別するために御用米(ごようまい)と改称された。
- By 1730, it was renamed as goyomai to distinguish it from jomai which means the annual rice tax of dominion under direct control of the bakufu.
- 表面の鏨目(たがねめ)がやや太く熨斗目(のしめ)に近く、極印の形状が異なることなどから享保大判と区別される。
- It was distinguishable from Kyoho-Oban for reasons including the thickness of the engraved short lines and the different figures of hallmarks on its surface.
- 限られた幕府財政と役料制度とのバランスを図るべく、享保8年(1723年)6月に導入されたのが、足高制である。
- In order to balance the limited financial affairs of the bakufu with the yakuryo system, in June 1723, the tashidaka system (a wage system established by Edo bakufu) was introduced.
- 享保6年(1721年)に、「勝手方」(農政財政関係)と「公事方」(訴訟関係)というふたつの部門に分割された。
- In 1721, the kanjosho was divided into two departments of 'kattekata' (in charge of agriculture and finance) and 'kujikata' (in charge of lawsuits).
- 無名草子は散逸物語の研究資料としてのみならず、中世初期に於ける人々の中古文学享受史が伺える貴重な作品である。
- Mumyo Zoshi is a valuable literary work not only for research on scattered and lost tales but also for understanding how people in the early Medieval Period accepted the Heian literature.
- この法律の規定は、条約又は確立された国際法規に基づき外国等が享有する特権又は免除に影響を及ぼすものではない。
- The provisions of this Act shall not affect the privileges or immunities enjoyed by a Foreign State, etc. based on treaties or the established international law.
- 貞享2年(1685年)に信之は老中に栄進したことから1万石加増の上で下総国古河藩へ移されたが、翌年に死去した。
- His domain was increased by 10,000 koku and moved to Koga Domain in Shimosa Province, with his promotion as roju (member of shogun's council of elders), but this was cut short by his death in the following year.
- 系図に名の見える男性官人には、実名とともに生母・官歴・没年月日と享年の注記を含む略伝が付され、最も貴重である。
- For male government officials, the genealogical tables contain real names and abbreviated biographies, including mother's name, official position, date of death, age at death and footnotes, making the book an extremely valuable source of information.
- 貞成親王の『看聞日記』(永享三年二月七日、1431年)には、「凡会所奥端両会所以下荘厳置物宝物等、目を驚かす。
- According to the 'Kanmon Nikki' of the Imperial Prince Sadafusa (written on February 7, 1431 (old calendar)), 'the normal kaisho such as the Oku gokaisho and Hashi gokaisho both had Shogon (decorations related to Buddhism) and jewelries, which was surprising to the eyes.
- 同制度は翌享保9年(1724年)7月と元文4年(1739年)3月に一部修正が行われて、役料制度の基本とされた。
- The system was partly modified in August 1724 and April 1739 and became the basis of the yakuryo system.
- 続いて宝暦10年(1760年)には延享元年から宝暦10年までの17年分2060通に対して同様の整理が行われた。
- Later in 1760, some 2,060 documents for the 17 years from 1744 up to 1760 were also catalogued in the same manner.
- 1718年(享保3年)26歳の時本山西本願寺学林に入門し、若霖に師事して副講に任じられ、近江国正崇寺を継いだ。
- In 1718, when he was 26 years old, he entered Honzan (head temple) Nishi Hongan-ji Temple Gakurin (school) and studied under Jakurin, and he was appointed to fukuko (vice-head lecturer) and then succeeded to Shoso-ji Temple in Omi Province.
- 延享4年(1747年)桃園天皇に譲位して院政を開始するが、寛延3年(1750年)に脚気衝心により31歳で崩御。
- In 1747, he abdicated and passed the throne to Emperor Momozono and started a cloister government; however, he died of heart failure due to the beriberi disease (1750).
- その後60年にわたり封印されていた治罰の綸旨は享徳の乱で復活し乱用されることになり天皇の権威復活の端緒となった。
- Jibatsu no rinji (imperial order to punish enemies), which was sealed off for about 60 years, was reactivated and then abused, which marked the resurgence of the Emperor.
- 破免率は定まらなかったが、享保12年に5分以上の損毛は破免とし、13年4月に4分以上、19年に3分以上と改めた。
- The rate of hamen was unstable, but the loss of more than 50 percent was approved as hamen in 1727, then the criteria was changed to more than 40 percent in 1728 and more than 30 percent in 1734.
- 古くより農業用水として重用され、沿岸の村々が利益を享受していたが、渇水のたびに幾度となく村同士で対立が発生した。
- The water of the river was often used for agricultural use, benefiting villages along it, but in droughts, the villages were often brought into conflict with each other.
- こうした父母の血を享けて、定子は聡明な資質を持ち、和漢の才に通暁したばかりでなく、明朗快活な性格に育ったらしい。
- Having the blood of such parents in her veins, Teishi grew up to be wise and well-versed in both Japanese and Chinese, with a bright and cheerful personality.
- 享年は不明だが、永禄12年(1569年)時点で既に信長に仕えていた記録があり、非常に長命であった事は事実である。
- The age at Kanetoshi's death is unknown, but an existing record shows that he served Nobunaga in 1569, which proves that he lived quite a long life.
- そこへ義時率いる大軍が襲いかかり、激戦4時間余りののち、重忠は愛甲季隆の矢に討たれ、首級を取られた(享年42)。
- He was attacked by an army led by Yoshitoki HOJO, and after four hours of battle he was shot by Suetaka AIKO's arrow and beheaded (he was 42 years old).
- 松平英明、本間五郎の著書では、天明から寛政の時代にかけて急増し、享和から化政にかけて再盛期を迎えたと考えている。
- According to Hideaki MATSUDAIRA and Goro HONMA, there was a sudden increase in the practice of Kaso from the Tenmei era to Kasei era, and peaked during the Kyowa era to Kasei era.
- 享禄3年(1530年)5月、高国に代わって京都で権勢を振るっていた柳本賢治が家臣の中村助三郎によって暗殺された。
- In May 1530, Kataharu YANAGIMOTO, who was in power in Kyoto instead of Takakuni, was killed by his vassal Sukesaburo NAKAMURA.
- 元禄11年(1698年)岩国領の検閲を経て、宝永3年(1706年)出版許可、享保2年(1717年)出版に至った。
- After being reviewed by the local government of Iwakuni in 1698, it was approved for publication in 1706 and was actually published in 1717.
- 享禄3年(1530年)、建仁寺の師である常庵龍崇によって方菊丸が得度の儀式(薙髪染衣)を行い、承芳と名を改める。
- In 1530 Hogiku-maru had a Tokudo ceremony (entering Buddhist priesthood) by Ryusu JOAN, his master at the Kennin-ji Temple and changed his name to Shoho.
- 元禄11年(1698年)岩国藩の検閲を経て、宝永3年(1706年)出版許可、享保2年(1717年)出版に至った。
- In 1698, the book was submitted for censorship by the Iwakuni Domain that issued permission for publication in 1706; the book was finally published in 1717.
- 1731年(享保16年)華厳宗の鳳潭との論争に対しては、「浄土折衝編」を著して鳳潭に反駁し、宗風を高揚している。
- In 1731, as for his argument with Hotan of the Kegon Sect, he wrote 'Jodo sessho hen' (the negotiations of Jodo (Pure Land) version) to refute Hotan and enhanced the style of a school.
- 1440年(永享12年)相国寺の住持に就任し、1446年(文安3年)相国寺鹿苑院の院主となり、僧録に任じられた。
- In 1440, Zuikei Shuho assumed the post of the chief priest of Sokoku-ji Temple and, subsequently in 1446, was made the Inju (the chief of the temple) of Shokoku-ji Temple Rokuon-in whereby being appointed as Soroku (the highest-ranking priest of the Gozan, the leader of the Zen sect).
- 定員は天和 (日本)年間の定制は200名であったが、享保年間には430名となり、幕末には470名にまで増員された。
- The number of kurokuwa was fixed to 200 in the Tenna era, but increased to 430 in the Kyoho era, then to 470 at the end of Edo period.
- だが、この乱をきっかけにした戦闘は応仁の乱終結後も地方へと拡大し、関東の享徳の乱も更に10年近く戦いが継続された。
- However, the armed conflict that began in the Onin War spread out to more rural areas and continued even after the fighting petered out in the capital, and in Kanto, the Kyotoku Incident extended the bloodshed for almost ten additional years after the Onin War ended.
- また、天和 (日本)3年(1683年)後西天皇より、古今伝授を受け、享保3年(1718年)、孫の近衛家久に授けた。
- He received Kokin denju (instruction in how to interpret 'Kokinshu,' the Anthology of Old and New Japanese Poems) from Emperor Gosai in 1683 and provided Kokin denju to his grandson, Iehisa KONOE, in 1718.
- ちなみに四公六民という北条氏の定めた税率は、その後徳川吉宗の享保の改革で引き上げがなされるまで継承される事となる。
- By the way, the tax rate of Shiko-rokumin, having been set by the Hojo clan, continued being used for generations until the Kyoho Reforms (the reforms in the Kyoho era) were executed by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA later.
- 成立年代・作者ともに不明だが、永享の乱・結城合戦の諸軍記は全て『鎌倉持氏記』が源流にあることが明らかにされている。
- Both the year of completion and the author are unknown, but it was revealed that various war records concerning Eikyo War and Yuki War were based on the military record, 'Kamakura Mochiujiki.'
- 長享元年(1487年)11月には南禅寺住持となり、前将軍足利義政より金襴の袈裟を受けるが、南禅寺には入らなかった。
- Although he was appointed in November 1487 to a position as the chief priest of Nanzen-ji Temple and was given a Buddhist monk's stole of gold brocade by the former shogun Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, ultimately he didn't join Nanzen-ji Temple.
- 降って享保17年(1732年)、義央の弟の孫に当たる吉良義孚が東條家から吉良家への復姓を幕府に願い出て許されている。
- Later, in 1732, Yoshizane, a grandson of Yoshinaka's younger brother, asked the Edo bakufu for the permission to have its former name back, from the Tojo family to the Kira family, and was permitted to do so.
- 稲葉正益(まさよし)<従四位下。丹後守>【享保19年11月5日藩主就任-明和8年9月28日死去】〔奏者番。寺社奉行〕
- Masayoshi INABA 'appointed as the lord of the domain on November 5, 1734 - died on September 28, 1771'[Sojaban (Government Official of the Imperial Ceremony), Jishabugyo (a magistrate of shrines and temples)]
- イーター機構の特権及び免除に関する協定第十四条及び第十八条に従い、イーター機構の職員は、次の特権及び免除を享受する。
- In accordance with Articles 14 and 18 of the Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the ITER Organization, the staff of the ITER Organization shall enjoy the following privileges and immunities:
- 北村 幽庵(きたむらゆうあん、慶安元年(1648年) - 享保4年(1719年))は、江戸時代の豪農・茶人・美食家。
- Yuan KITAMURA (1648-1719) was a wealthy farmer, a master of tea ceremony and an epicure in the Edo period.
- 征夷大将軍・足利義尚は1487年(長享元年)8月に、幕府の威信回復を目指し自ら六角氏へ征伐(長享・延徳の乱)を行う。
- Seitaishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA himself commanded the army to conquer the Rokkaku clan (Chokyo-Entoku Wars) to restore the dignity of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 宗祇に師事して連歌を学び、水無瀬三吟(長享2年(1488年))、湯山三吟(延徳3年(1491年))などの席に列する。
- He studied renga under Sogi, and participated in Minase Sangin Hyakuin (One Hundred Stanzas by Three Poets at Minase) in 1488, Yuyama Sangin Hyakuin (One Hundred Stanzas by Three Poets at Yuyama) in 1491, amongst others.
- 追って享保13年(1728年)6月には皇太后を追贈され、同年11月には所生の昭仁親王が正式に皇太子に立てられている。
- In June 1728, the title Empress Dowager was conferred to her; Her birth child, Imperial Prince Teruhito officially became the Crown Prince in November of the same year.
- 前項の場合において、第三者の権利は、その第三者が債務者に対して同項の契約の利益を享受する意思を表示した時に発生する。
- In the cases set forth in the preceding paragraph, rights of the third party shall accrue when the third party has expressed his/her intention to the obligor to enjoy the benefit of the contract under that paragraph.
- 持氏の子の何人かは難を逃れており、翌1440年(永享12年)には結城氏朝が持氏の遺児を奉じて挙兵する結城合戦が起こる。
- As some of the Mochiuji's children escaped from the calamity, the next year, in 1440, the Yuki War occurred, in which Ujitomo YUKI raised an army under Mochiuji's bereaved children.
- 定享は質素倹約や新田開発を主とした藩政改革を断行したが、効果が見込めず、また定享自身が若死にしたため、失敗に終わった。
- Reformations based mainly on scrimping and saving along with development of new fields were carried out by Sadamichi, although these turned out unsuccessful and failed after all when Sadamichi died young.
- 信栄は1441年(永享13年)28歳の若さで病死するが後を弟の武田信賢が継ぎ、安芸国と平行して若狭国経営に乗り出した。
- After Nobuhide died of disease in 1441 at the age of twenty-eight, his younger brother Nobutaka TAKEDA succeeded him and ruled Wakasa and Aki Provinces.
- 寺社奉行大岡忠相より地誌編纂を命じられた並河誠所らが6年間を費やして実地調査し、享保19年(1734年)に完成させた。
- Seisho NAMIKAWA, who had been ordered to compile local topography by Tadasuke OOKA, the jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines), conducted field research over six years, and completed it in 1734.
- 江戸時代の加賀藩主前田綱紀は、この文書の価値を認め、保存のための文書箱100合を1685年(貞享2年)に寄進している。
- Tsunanori MAEDA, a lord of Kaga clan, recognizing the value of these documents, donated a hundred of document boxes for preservation to the temple in 1685.
- その者の属する国において、日本国民に対しその国民と同一の条件により特許権その他特許に関する権利の享有を認めているとき。
- where the country of the foreign national allows Japanese nationals to enjoy a patent right or other rights relating to a patent under the same conditions as for its own nationals;
- 法令によりある財産権を享有することができない者は、その権利を有するのと同一の利益を受益者として享受することができない。
- A person who may not enjoy a certain property right under laws and regulations may not enjoy, as a beneficiary, the same benefit as that derived from holding such right.
- 翌1732年(享保17年)の師の没後、1736年(元文元年)に学林4世能化となり、学林を整備して宗学の興隆に尽力した。
- After his master died in the following year 1732, he became the fourth noke of Gakurin in 1736 and streamlined Gakurin and made efforts for prosperity of Shugaku (studies in doctrines in a religious sect.)
- 我が国の皇帝陛下と日本明治天皇に懇願し、我々も一等国民の待遇を享受して、政府と社会を発展させようではないか」と主張した。
- We should beg his Imperial Majesty and Meiji Emperor of Japan in order to be able to receive the treatment as Itto Kokumin (First-class people) to develop our government and society.
- さらに享禄4年(1531年)に高国を滅ぼし(大物崩れ)、台頭する家宰の三好元長も討ち、将軍足利義晴を擁立して幕政を握る。
- Moreover Sumimoto exterminated Takakuni in 1527 (Daimotsu kuzure [the Battle of Daimotsu]), also killed Motonaga MIYOSHI of Kasai (main retainer), who was gaining power, and he seized the shogunate government by supporting Shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA.
- 6代将軍足利義教の頃には永享の乱で鎌倉府が衰亡し、信満の子の武田信重の代に結城合戦で功績を挙げ再興のきっかけをつかんだ。
- When the power of Kamakurafu eroded as the result of the Eikyo Disturbance in the era of sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, Nobumitsu's son Nobushige TAKEDA achieved distinguished war service in the Battle of Yuki and seized the opportunity to restore the clan.
- 通用期間は天保9年(1838年)6月24日より、万延元年(1860年)4月10日までであり、享保大判と並行して流通した。
- The currency was used from August 13, 1838 to May 30, 1860, concurrently with Kyoho-Oban.
- 享保7年(1727年)6月 (旧暦)に江戸伊勢町に設置され、続いて大坂淡路町・堺神明町・京都二条通・駿府にも設置された。
- It was set up in Ise-machi in Edo in July 1727 and subsequently placed in Awaji-machi in Osaka, Shinmei-cho in Sakai, Nijo Street in Kyoto and Sunpu as well.
- とくに資直とは対局が多く、明応7年(1498年)から享禄4年(1531年)まで、34年に渡って資直との対局の記述がある。
- Notably, he had the chance to play shogi with Sukenao, and the diary contains the records over 34 years between 1498 and 1531.
- 宣阿(せんあ、正保4年(1647年)- 享保20年9月22日 (旧暦)(1735年11月6日))は、江戸時代中期の歌人。
- Sena (1647 - November 6, 1735) was a waka poet during the mid Edo period.
- 併せて永正13年(1516年)、享保14年(1729年)、安政6年(1859年)の3度修理が行われていたことも判明した。
- Additionally, it was revealed that the gate was repaired three times, in 1516, 1729 and 1859.
- 彦根新田藩(ひこねしんでんはん)は江戸時代中期の正徳 (日本)4年(1714年)より享保19年(1734年)まで存した藩。
- Hikone-Shinden Domain refers to a domain which existed from 1714 to 1734 in the middle of the Edo period.
- 内容は永享の乱の後の上杉憲実の出家から春王・安王の乳人の出家までで、『結城戦場記』や『永享記』との関わりも指摘されている。
- The contents begin with Norizane UESUGI becoming a priest after the Eikyo Rebellion and ends with the wet nurses of Shuno and Ano becoming nuns, suggesting an influence by 'Yukisenjo ki' and 'Eikyo ki.'
- 重定の時代に奉行制度などの藩政が確立したが、第3代藩主・稲垣定享の時代には江戸の大火で上下両屋敷が焼失して出費が相次いだ。
- While the governance over the domain was established by Shigesada through measures including the implementation of a bugyo (magistrate) system, the domain's finance was loaded with heavy recovery expenses due to the Great Fire of Edo which broke out during the rule of the third lord Sadamichi INAGAKI, destroying both the domain's kamiyashiki (daimyo's main residence) and shimoyashiki (suburban residence) in Edo.
- 内部には宴享庁(使者の応接所)を中心に館主家、客館、東向寺、日本側の番所、酒屋、その他日本家屋が対馬藩によって建築された。
- Inside it, with the reception office for envoys at the center, the house of the manager, a building for visitors, Toko-ji Temple, the Japanese guard house, liquor stores, and some other Japanese-style houses were constructed by the Tsushima clan.
- 享保11年(1726年)『暦算全書』の訓訳を命じられ、同18年(1733年)、72歳の時に完成したが、この歳に没している。
- In 1726, he was ordered to convert into the Japanese-style reading and translate 'Rekisanzensho,' and in 1733, when he was 72 years old, he completed the task, but he died in the same year.
- その後は諸寺をめぐって参禅し、1450年(宝徳2年)京都衣笠山の龍安寺を開創し、1453年(享徳2年)には大徳寺に住した。
- After that he practiced Zen meditation in various temples, and in 1450 established Ryoan-ji Temple in Mt. Kinugasa in Kyoto, and then moved to Daitoku-ji Temple in 1453.
- 1431年(永享3年)後亀山天皇の皇子真阿が誓願寺内に建てた坊に始まるとされ、1591年(天正18年)現在地に移っている。
- It is said to have started as a priest lodge that was built by Shina, a prince of Emperor Gokameyama, in Seigan-ji Temple in 1431, and that in 1591 it was moved to the site it now occupies.
- 延享3年(1746年)には預かり地が9万石近くに達し、第8代藩主・織田長教の代になると9万3430石を任されるようになった。
- In 1746 the land of custody reached nearly 90,000 koku; in the time of the eighth lord, Naganori ODA, he was asked to manage the land of 93,430 koku.
- 享和2年(1802年)12月にも百姓による年貢軽減を求める一揆が発生し、織田軍と百姓との間で乱闘による死傷者が多数出ている。
- A riot broke out also in December 1802, demanding reduction in rice levy, and ended with heavy casualties both among the Oda force and the farmers.
- 享保の改革では、米価が下がっているのに諸色が下がらないのは商人たちが不当に利益を得ているからだとして価格引下げを命じている。
- In the Kyoho Reforms (a series of reforms carried out in the Kyoho era) a rollback order was issued to the merchants, alleging that the shoshiki showed no sign of easing in spite of the declined rice price because the merchants profited unfairly.
- 長房の曾孫の小笠原持広は享保元年(1716年)に将軍徳川吉宗の命により家伝の書籍91部と源頼朝の鞢(ゆがけ)を台覧に供した。
- A great-grandchild of Nagafusa, Mochihiro OGASAWARA showed 91 books of its biography and a Yugake (grove) of Yoritomo MINAMOTO to Imperial family by order of Shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in 1716.
- さらに享保10年(1725年)、薨去に際しては、准后宣下、次いで女院号宣下がなされて礼成門院(れいせいもんいん)と称された。
- After her death in 1725, the senge for Jugo (honorary rank next to the three empresses: great empress dowager, empress dowager, and empress), and later Nyoingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the emperor or a woman of comparable standing) were made, and she was named Reiseimonin.
- また、市中の大銭は引き換えが延期された上に『近世見聞集』では享保8年(1723年)に大銭一枚は銭七文に引き換えられたとある。
- Exchange of ozeni in the city was postponed, and Kinsei-Kenbunshu (record of life in modern time) says that 1piece of ozeni was exchanged to sen-nanamon in 1723.
- 貞享元年(1684年)秋の8月から翌年4月にかけて、芭蕉が門人の千里とともに出身地でもある伊賀上野への旅を記した俳諧紀行文。
- It consists of haikai poetry regarding the journey Basho set out upon with his disciple, Chiri, to Iga Ueno, Basho's birthplace, from August (autumn) 1684 to April of the following year.
- 都市における最初の打ちこわしは、元禄16年(1703年)に長崎で発生し、享保18年(1733年)には江戸でもはじめて発生した。
- The first Uchikowashi in urban areas broke out in Nagasaki in 1703, and it broke out for the first time in Edo in 1733.
- 享保3年(1718年)の『伏見大概記』によれば、当時の伏見は北組9組、南組9組の町組が組織され、計263の町名が記されている。
- 'Fushimi Taigaiki' (The General Record of Fushimi) of 1718 states that there were town societies called Machigumi at the time in Fushimi, in which nine Kitagumi (the north unit) and nine Minamigumi (the south unit) were organized, and it describes 263 town names.
- 近年になって黒田基樹は享年88は江戸時代中期以降の系図類から出たものであり江戸時代前期の史料には存在しないことを明らかにした。
- Recently, Motoki KURODA has pointed out that the idea that Soun was 88 years old at the time of his death comes from a family tree created in the mid-Edo Period, and that such data does not exist in documents from the early Edo Period.
- 枕草子は人間存在、自然を共に深く愛した故に、それを、それぞれの位相において、多種多彩の美として享受・形成した(目加田さくを)。
- In The Pillow Book, the author cherished humanity as well as nature; therefore, she accepted and formed them in each phase as various beauties (Sakuwo MEKATA).
- 以後、寛文元年(1661年)・貞享2年(1685年)にも城米備蓄の増加が命じられ、東海道の宿場町に対しても同様の措置を命じた。
- After that, in 1661 and 1685, the bakufu ordered to increase the jomai stock, and it also adopted the same measure to shukuba-machi (post station) in Tokaido.
- 大黒印を含めて極印10面打以上のものを初期鋳造として正徳丁銀と呼び、9面打以下のものを次期鋳造として享保丁銀と呼ぶ場合もある。
- Sometimes those inscribed with more than 10 hallmarks including daikoku hallmark were called shotoku-chogin as initial minting, while those with less than 9 hallmarks were called kyoho-chogin as second minting.
- 『満済准后日記』の永享3年(1431年)7月24日に持之将軍義教ノ命ニヨリ守護代ヲ香西ヨリ内藤備前入道ニ替エルと記されている。
- In the July 24, 1431 entry of 'Mansai Jugo Nikki' it is stated that `Under the order of Shogun Yoshinori, Mochiyuki replaced Kazai with Naito Bizen Nyudo as Shugodai (deputy of Shugo (provincial constable)).'
- 蝶夢(ちょうむ、享保17年(1732年)- 寛政7年12月24日 (旧暦)(1796年2月2日))は、江戸時代中期の僧・俳人。
- Chomu (1732 – February 2, 1796) was a monk and a haiku poet during the mid Edo period.
- 公文書の形式で残っているもの(重宝録、享保撰要類集、町奉行支配惣町人人数高之改、天保撰要類集、市中取締類集)以外は信頼度が低い。
- Population figures, unless recorded in official documents such as Choho-roku, Kyoho senyoruishu, Machibugyo Shihaiso chonin ninsukonokai, Tenpo senyoruishu and Shichu Torishimari ruishu, are unreliable.
- そして享禄4年(1531年)5月9日_(旧暦)、賀州三ヶ寺は「三法令」・「一門一家制」違反などを理由に超勝寺討伐の命令を下した。
- On May 25, 1531, Gashu Sanka-ji Temples gave orders to subdue Chosho-ji Temple on the grounds that it violated 'Sanhorei' and 'Ichimon-Ikke System.'
- 信之死後の貞享3年(1686年)8月、家督と所領9万石の内の8万石は長男の松平忠之が継ぎ、残りの1万石は次男の松平信通が継いだ。
- After his death, his eldest son Tadayuki MATSUDAIRA inherited the family heritage and 80,000 koku out of 90,000, with the remaining 10,000 koku going to his second son Nobumichi MATSUDAIRA.
- 宝永7年(1710年)、従弟(父東山天皇の同母妹福子内親王の子)にあたる貞建親王と婚約し、享保4年(1719年)、20歳で入輿。
- In 1710, she became engaged to her cousin, the Imperial Prince Sadatake (a son of the Imperial Princess Yoshiko who was a younger sister of her father, the Emperor Higashiyama) and married him in 1719 when she was 20 years old.
- 物語後半で為義の幼いこどもたち4人が、兄義朝によって処刑される著名な件で、物語のなかでももっとも哀切な場面として享受されてきた。
- A famous scene that takes place in the latter part of the tale in which Tameyoshi's four young children are executed by his older brother Yoshitomo, and it has been taken as the most pathetic scene in the tale.
- 初め儒学者として活動したが、1687年(貞享4年)に出家したのを契機として歌人に転じ、二条派の清水谷実業(三条西家一門)に師事。
- He started as a Confucian scholar, but after he entered into the priesthood in 1687 he turned into a waka poet and studied under Sanenari SHIMIZUDANI of the Nijo school of poetry (Sanjonishi family).
- 日真(にちしん、文安元年(1444年) - 享禄元年3月29日 (旧暦)(1528年4月18日))は、室町時代中期の日蓮宗の僧。
- Nichishin (1444 - April 18, 1528) was a priest of the Nichiren sect of the middle of the Muromachi period.
- また吉保の5男柳沢時睦も享保9年蒲原郡内(新潟県新発田市北部・北蒲原郡加治川村西部)において1万石を与えられて三日市藩主となった。
- Tokichika YANAGISAWA, the fifth son of Yoshiyasu, was given 10,000 koku in Kanbara-gun (currently in the northern part of Shibata City and the western part of Kajikawa village, Kita Kanbara gun, Niigata Prefecture) in 1724, and became the lord of Mikkaichi City.
- その後、持氏の遺児足利成氏が鎌倉公方となるが、享徳の乱を起こして上杉氏や今川氏によって鎌倉を追われて古河御所(古河公方)に逃れた。
- Although Shigeuji ASHIKAGA, a bereaved son of Mochiuji, became Kamakura kubo, he was forced by the Uesugi clan and the Imagawa clan to move to Koga palace (Koga kubo) after he caused the Kyotoku War.
- 友幸は応永30年(1423年)10月に従五位下に叙任され、享徳2年(1454年)に従三位、寛正4年(1463年)には正三位となる。
- Tomoyuki was appointed to the Jugomi-ge (Junior Lower Fifth Rank) in October, 1423, then to the Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1454, and finally to Seisanmi (Senior Third Rank) in 1463.
- また、同族として、旗本で美濃郡代(在任期間:天和 (日本)3年(1683年)~貞享2年(1685年))をつとめた甲斐庄正之がいる。
- Masayuki KAINOSHO is another person from the same family who served as a hatamoto and as a Minogundai (a magistrate of Mino region) from 1683 to 1885.
- 江戸時代においては米価と諸色は連動すると考えられていたが、米の増産による価格低迷が享保年間には「米価安の諸色高直」の現象を招いた。
- In the Edo period rice price was considered to link with shoshiki, however, price slump caused by increased production of rice incurred the phenomenon of 'shoshiki-kojiki by low rice price' in Kyoho era.
- 享禄元年(1528年)には朽木稙綱 (戦国武将)を頼って近江国(現滋賀県)に落ち延び、元長らが擁立した堺公方・足利義維と対立した。
- In 1528, Yoshiharu fled to Omi Province (present-day Shiga Prefecture) to seek shelter under Tanetsuna KUTSUKI, a general of Sengoku period, and stood against Yoshitsuna ASHIKAGA, who was then called Sakai Kubo, who was the head of the Sakai-based municipal government.
- 享保元年(1716年)に第7代将軍・徳川家継がわずか8歳で早世し、徳川将軍家の血筋(徳川家康の三男・徳川秀忠の男系男子)が絶えた。
- The Tokugawa shogun family lineage (a male lineage through Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's third son Hidetada) died out in 1716 with the death of Ietsugu TOKUGAWA at only the age of eight.
- 尾形 光琳(おがた こうりん、万治元年(1658年) - 享保元年6月2日 (旧暦)(1716年7月20日))は、江戸時代の画家。
- Korin OGATA (1658 - July 20, 1716) was an artist in the Edo Period.
- 享和3年閏一月 (1803年2月)、49歳のときになってはじめて立作者となり、坂東彦三郎 (3代目)のために『世響音羽桜』を書く。
- In February 1803, he became the head of resident playwrights for the first time at the age of 49, and wrote 'Yoni Hibike Sakura' for Hikosaburo BANDO III.
- 享保3年(1718年)の「町触」の公布にあわせて奉行所に町人の下着まで贅沢な振る舞いがないか監視するようにという指示が出されている。
- In keeping with the issuance of 'Machibure' (proclamation) in 1718, an order was given to magistrate's offices to watch any luxurious behavior of townspeople, down to their underwear.
- 曾我蕭白(そが しょうはく、 享保15年(1730年) - 天明元年1月7日 (旧暦)(1781年1月30日))は、江戸時代の絵師。
- Shohaku SOGA (1730 - January 30, 1781) was a painter in the Edo period.
- すぐれた作品が存在し、それを好む多くの読者が存在する以上、『源氏物語』の享受はそのままこれにつづく小説作品の成立という側面を持った。
- As there had existed excellent works and many readers who preferred them, the reception of 'The Tale of Genji' became a factor in the establishment of succeeding novels.
- また12面の大黒像を打った12面大黒丁銀は上納用あるいは祝儀用とされるが、この場合、極印打数からの享保と正徳との区別は不可能である。
- Daikoku-chogin where 12 hallmarks of daikoku were inscribed was used for payment to the authorities or celebration, but in this case, it is impossible to classify kyoho and shotoku by the number of hallmarks inscribed.
- それ以後は、30年余り親政を行い、この間、各地で土一揆が起こり、永享の乱や嘉吉の乱などでは、治罰綸旨を発するなど政治的役割も行った。
- Since then, the Emperor ruled the direct government for about thirty years, during his reign when there were peasant uprisings in many places, he acted in a political role by issuing Jibatsu Rinji (an official document of punishment issued by the Emperor) to regulate the Eikyo and Kakitsu Disturbances.
- 義教は赤松氏の庶流の赤松貞村を寵愛し、永享12年(1440年)3月に摂津国の赤松義雅(満祐の弟)の所領を没収して貞村に与えてしまった。
- Yoshinori favored Sadamura AKAMATSU, a branch family of the Akamatsu clan, and confiscated the territory of Yoshimasa AKAMATSU (younger brother of Mitsusuke) in the Settsu Province and gave it to Sadamura in April, 1440.
- 貞享4年(1687年)6月26日:旗本の秋田季品(中奥小姓秋田季久の嫡男)が吹矢で燕を撃ったため、代理として同家家臣多々越甚大夫が死罪
- On June 26th, 1687, Jintayu TATARA, a vassal of the AKITA family, was sentenced to death because Kihin AKITA (the heir of Suehisa AKITA, middle inner page, a direct retainer of Edo bakufu) shot a dart with a blowgun at a swallow.
- しかし、文房趣味の精髄をと問われれば、文物の鑑賞に終始する好事家であるばかりでなく、文房生活の享楽の追究であるといわなければならない。
- However, the essence of Bunbo Shumi was not only a dilettante who always appreciated products of culture but also a pursuit of the pleasure of life at library.
- 実は、義視は兄夫婦と長享元年(1487年)頃から和睦を模索し、子の義材を義政の養子として、継嗣の無かった義尚の継嗣にしていたとされる。
- In fact, Yoshimi began to seek reconciliation with his older brother and his brother's wife in about 1487, and he let Yoshimasa adopt his son Yoshiki, making him the successor of Yoshihisa, who had no natural successor.
- 享和2年(1802年)に父が死去したため、文化 (元号)元年(1804年)に第10代藩主・朽木綱方に養子として引き取られて養育された。
- Since his father died in 1802, he was adopted in 1804 and raised by Tsunakata KUTSUKI, the tenth lord of the Domain.
- その他にも享保6年(1721年)には参勤交代の供奉者を禄高別に規制した他、天保7年(1836年)には前述の道中取締触書の改正を行った。
- In addition, the bakufu regulated people accompanying sankinkotai based on rokudaka (stipend) in 1721, and revised Dochu Torisihari Furegaki mentioned above in 1836.
- 『吹塵録』によれば享保21年(1736年)4月までの累計で、丁銀および豆板銀の合計で331,420貫余(約1,242トン)としている。
- Suijiroku (collection of documents focusing on finance in Edo period) says that the total amount of cho-gin and mameita-gin up to April 1736 was a little more than 331,420 kan (about 1,242 ton).
- 本書は、伊予吉田藩にて御殿医を勤めた平住専安(生年不詳 - 享保19年8月7日(1734年9月4日))が、正徳_(日本)年間に著した。
- The book was written in the Shotoku (Japan) era by Senan HIRAZUMI (year of birth unknown, died on September 4, 1734) who served as a family doctor to the lord of the domain of Iyo-Yoshida.
- 建長5年(1253年) 病のため永平寺を弟子の孤雲懐奘に譲り、俗弟子覚念の屋敷(京都市高辻通西洞院通)で死去、享年54(満53歳没)。
- 1253 - After falling ill and turning over Eihei-ji to his disciple Koun Ejo, he died at the house (Takatsuji-dori Nishinotoin-dori, Kyoto) of a lay disciple, Kakunen, at age 54.
- 寂如(じゃくにょ、慶安4年(1651年) - 享保10年8月15日 (旧暦)(1725年8月15日))は、江戸時代前期の浄土真宗の僧。
- Jakunyo (1651 - September 21, 1725) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the early part of the Edo period.
- 日親(にっしん、1407年(応永14年) - 1488年10月21日(長享2年9月17日 (旧暦)))は、室町時代の日蓮宗の僧である。
- Nisshin (1407 - October 30, 1488) was a priest of the Nichiren Sect in the Muromachi period.
- 享保14年(1729年)には将軍吉宗自ら注文した交趾(ベトナム)広南産の象将軍に献上されたゾウの「拝謁」を霊元上皇とともに受けている。
- In 1729, the Emperor granted an audience of the elephant together with Retired Emperor Reigen, when Shogun Yoshimune ordered a Vietnamese elephant from Kannan.
- なお、朝鮮貴族は朝鮮貴族令5条により華族と同一の礼遇を享けるものとされたが、華族議員となる資格はなく、勅任議員として貴族院議員に列した。
- Korean peerage were supposed to be treated the same as Japanese peerage, as stated in Article 5 of the ordinance of Korean peerage, but they did not have the same criteria to become a peerage councilor in Japan and ranked as the Chokunin Councilors in Kizokuin.
- 大江 磐代(おおえ いわしろ、延享元年(1744年)- 文化 (元号)9年12月9日 (旧暦)(1813年1月11日))は、日本の皇族。
- Iwashiro OE (1744-January 11, 1813) was a member of Japan's Imperial Family.
- 日野 勝光(ひの かつみつ、永享元年(1429年) - 文明 (日本)8年6月15日 (旧暦)(1476年7月6日))は室町時代の公家。
- Katsumitsu HINO (1429 - July 15, 1476) was a kuge (court noble) in the Muromachi Period.
- その後も義太夫と組んで名作を次々に発表し、貞享3年 (1686)、竹本座上演の『佐々木大鑑』で初めて作者名として近松門左衛門と記載した。
- Monzaemon continued to release masterpieces one after another in collaboration with Gidayu, and for the first time his name, Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU, was credited as the author of 'Sasaki Okagami,' staged in 1686 in the Takemoto-za theater.
- 日野 富子(ひの とみこ、女性、永享12年〔1440年〕 - 明応5年5月20日_(旧暦)〔1496年6月30日〕)は、室町時代の人物。
- Tomiko HINO (female, 1440 - June 30, 1496) is a historical figure who lived in the Muromachi period.
- しかし、1734年(享保19)に完成した『大和志』では、天武持統陵は見瀬丸山とされ、野口王墓は天武・持統陵としての言及がなくなっている。
- However, in 'Yamatoshi' (Historical Records of Yamato) completed in 1734, Mise Maruyama was mentioned as the Tenmu-Jito Mausoleum while making no reference to Noguchino Ono-haka being the Tenmu-Jito Mausoleum.
- 慈周(じしゅう、享保19年(1734年)- 享和元年3月16日 (旧暦)(1801年4月28日))は、江戸時代中期の天台宗の僧・漢詩人。
- Jisyu (1734 - April 28, 1801), a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect and a composer of Chinese poems, lived in the mid-Edo period.
- 亀戸の銭座では後の元禄から宝永年間、正徳 (日本)4年(1714年)から享保3年(1718年)まで、さらに元文年間にも鋳銭が行われている。
- Zeniza in Kameido also minted coins during later Genroku and Hoei eras, from 1714 to 1718, and during Gembun era.
- すなわち享保10年の令によれば、その石代は三分一金銀納の石代に、さらに35石につき金3両、銀納の地方は米1石に銀5匁を増加して納めさせた。
- An edict of 1725 proclaimed that the amount of payment was that of one third of cash tax payments in gold or silver in addition to an increase of 3 ryo gold per 35 koku and an increase of 5 monme silver per 1 koku of rice.
- 足利 義尚(あしかが よしひさ)は、室町幕府の第9代征夷大将軍(将軍在位:文明 (日本)5年(1473年) - 長享3年(1489年))。
- Yoshisa ASHIKAGA was the 9th Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') of the Muromachi Shogunate (reigned between 1473 - 1489).
- 古今和歌集(延喜5年(905年)成立)に始まり、新続古今和歌集(永享11年(1439年)成立)までの534年間で、21の勅撰和歌集がある。
- Starting with the Kokin Wakashu (Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) (completed in 905) until the Shinshoku Kokin Wakashu (New Continued Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) (completed in 1439), 21 chokusen wakashu were compiled during the 534 years.
- 享保元年頃(1716年)、「武士道と云ふは、死ぬ事と見付けたり」の一節で有名な『葉隠』が佐賀藩の山本常朝によって著される(筆記は田代陣基)。
- In 1716 'Hagakure' which is famous for the passage 'I found that Bushido means dying' was written by Jocho YAMAMOTO from Saga Domain (dictated by Tsuramoto TASHIRO).
- 称名寺 (府中市)で発見された親氏の墓碑は、江戸時代後期の1801年(享和元年)に発見されたもので、江戸時代に制作されたものと見られている。
- The gravestone of Chikauji which was discovered in Shomyo-ji Temple (Fuchu City) in 1801, the late Edo Period, is believed to have been manufactured during the Edo Period.
- だが、江戸幕府天文方が主導した改暦(貞享暦)に成功すると、改暦の権限を巡って幕府(天文方)と朝廷(土御門家)の間で対立が生じるようになった。
- However, when the tenmonkata (astronomer appointed by bakufu) of Edo bakufu led and succeeded in changing the calendar to Jokyo reki (Jokyo calendar), the bakufu (tenmongata) and the Imperial Court (the Tsuchimikado family) came to oppose to each other over the power for kaireki (changing of calendar).
- しかし享保8年(1723年)5月1日には下総国佐倉藩へ移され、入れ替わりで稲葉正知が10万2000石で入ることで、ようやく藩主家が定着した。
- However, on May 1, 1723, he was transferred to the Sakura Domain in Shimousa Province, and was replaced with Masatomo INABA who took over with 102,000 koku and began a long-term presence for the INABA family.
- それまでの年貢徴収法は、年毎に収穫量を見てその量を決める検見法がとられていたが、これでは収入が安定しないので、享保の改革の一環で導入された。
- Until then, kemi ho (annual crop inspections), in which the amount of tax is determined based on the amount of crop that was produced each year, was adopted as the method of land tax collection, but the income was unstable with this method and jomen ho was adopted as part of the Kyoho reforms.
- 家臣・多賀宗直が1486年(文明18年)に反乱を起こした為、高清は近江国甲賀へ逃れたが、1487年(長享元年)に江北へ戻り宗直を討ち果たす。
- Munenao TAGA, a vassal, rose in revolt and forced Takakiyo to flee to the Omi Province; however, Takakiyo returned to Kohoku and killed Munenao in 1487.
- 現世の繁栄を享受しながら常に仏道を思い、にもかかわらず女性遍歴を繰り返すという人物造形は、次の世代の薫と匂宮にそれぞれ分割して受け継がれる。
- The characteristics of a person who has worldly prosperity but always thinking of the Buddhist path despite his innumerable love affairs, are divided and inherited by the characters of the next generation, Kaoru and Nioumiya.
- 『鎌倉持氏記』は前者の代表で、かつ永享の乱・結城合戦を描くすべての軍記の源流になったことが梶原やその後の佐藤陸の研究でほぼ確定的となっている。
- 'Kamakura Mochiuji ki' is an example of the first type, and it has become almost definite from the research of Kajiwara and later Riku SATO, that it was the basis of all military records that depict the Eikyo Rebellion and Yuki Battle.
- そして、門徒の指導権も所領・財産も悉く蓮淳傘下の称徳寺(後の慈敬寺)に奪われてしまう事になった(享禄・天文の乱堅田本福寺破門事件参照のこと)。
- Honpuku-ji Temple was robbed of the leadership of believers, territory and fortune by Shotoku-ji Temple (later Jikei-ji Temple), which was under the control of Shonyo (refer to the Kyoroku-Tenbun War and Katata Honpuku-ji Temple Excommunication Incident).
- 長享元年(1487年)には再興した本泉寺に復帰するが、病状は悪化して明応8年(1499年)の蓮如危篤の際にも駆けつける事が出来なかったという。
- In 1487, although he returned to Honsen-ji Temple, which was restored, it is said that he didn't improve and wasn't well enough to see Rennyo when the latter was in critical condition in 1499.
- 1435年(永享7年)に持氏は軍事行動をはじめ、1419年(応永26)に関東管領に就任した上杉憲実は持氏を制止するが、持氏と険悪な関係となった。
- When Mochiuji began his military action in 1435, Norizane UESUGI who had assumed Kanto Kanrei in 1419 stopped Mochiuji, and his relationship with Mochiuji became tense.
- さらに第3代藩主・植村家言も貞享4年(1687年)8月25日に弟の植村政明に1000石、植村正澄に500石を分与したため、2万500石となった。
- Furthermore, on October 1, 1687, Ienobu UEMURA, the third lord of the domain, also gave 1,000 koku and 500 koku to his brothers, Masaaki UEMURA (植村政明) and Masazumi UEMURA (植村正澄), respectively, so it was reduced to 20,500 koku.
- 永享4年(1432年)生れだと近年有力視された幕臣伊勢盛時の父盛定の活動時期とも伊勢貞親(盛時の母の兄弟)の甥という系譜関係も成り立たなくなる。
- If he had been born in 1432, the theories about the active period of Morisada, father of the shogunate retainer Moritoki ISE, or about his being the nephew of Sadachika ISE (Moritoki's mother's brother) would not stand.
- 翌永享4年(1432年)9月には越智・箸尾両氏に筒井氏が大敗し、井戸方の形勢不利になっていたが、筒井光宣が幕府に訴えたことで戦局に変化が生じる。
- The following year, in October 1432, the Tsutsui clan suffered a crushing defeat to the Ochi and Hashio clan, which turned the course of the war against Ido side, but the situation changed after Mitsunobu TSUTSUI appealed to the shogunate.
- 店頭の商品は諸種の丁銀による複数の価格表示が掲げられ、享保3年(1718年)には諸種の丁銀の間での換算表である、『六品銀交易一覧』が刊行された。
- The articles for sales in the store had several price lists subject to several types of cho-gin, and in 1718, 'List of Exchange of Six Types of Silver', the exchange list of several types of chogin, was published.
- 景徐周麟(けいじょしゅうりん、永享12年(1440年) - 永正15年3月2日 (旧暦)(1518年4月11日))は、室町時代後期の臨済宗の僧。
- Shurin KEIJO (1440 - April 11, 1518) was a priest of the Rinzai sect of the late Muromachi period.
- また『江戸会雑誌』は享和三年正月(1803年)の数字として60万7100人を挙げている(但し男性の人口を誤って十万人多く記載していると思われる)。
- Also, according to 'Edokai zasshi,'the population in New Years 1803 (Japanese Years) was 607,100 (However, it is believed that the male population was mistakenly overstated by 100,000).
- 幕府財政は、享保の改革での年貢増徴策によって年貢収入は増加したが、宝暦年間(1751年 - 1763年)には頭打ちとなり、再び行き詰まりをみせた。
- Land income tax increased due to an additional tax collection policy in the Kyoho Reforms, but hit a ceiling in the Horeki era (1751 - 1763), after which, the financial affairs of bakufu started to hit an impasse yet again.
- 詮春から数えて4代目の細川持常は、6代将軍足利義教の信任が厚く、永享12年(1440年)に戦死したとされる一色義貫に代わり三河国守護職も兼任した。
- Mochitsune HOSOKAWA, the fourth family head counting from Akiharu, gained trust from the sixth shogun, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, and he served as an additional post of the Shugo of Mikawa Province, replacing Yoshitsura ISSHIKI who was said to have died in a battle in 1440.
- 延享元年(1744年)に伯耆国倉吉(鳥取県倉吉市)で、鳥取藩の家老荒尾氏の家臣だった父・岩室宗賢と、鉄問屋の娘であった母・おりんとの間に生まれる。
- She was born in Kurayoshi, Hoki Province (Kurayoshi City, Tottori Prefecture) in 1744 to her father, Soken IWAMURO who was a vassal of the Arao clan, a family of chief retainers of the Tottori Domain, and her mother, Orin who was a daughter of an iron wholesaler.
- その後しばらく領地に居所を作らなかったが、享保10年(1725年)に安房北条藩の陣屋を居所とし、文政10年(1827年)に上総国鶴牧藩に移転した。
- After that, the family did not have a residence in their territory for a while until they used jinya (regional government office) in the Awa-Hojo Domain as their residence in 1725; however, they moved to Tsurumaki Domain in Kazusa Province in 1827.
- 畠山 持国(はたけやま もちくに、応永5年(1398年) - 享徳4年3月26日 (旧暦)(1455年4月12日))は、室町時代の室町幕府の管領。
- Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA (1398-April 12, 1455) was a Kanrei (Shogun's deputy) of the Muromachi shogunate during the Muromachi period.
- これは那須与市の供養塔とされ、塔には「那須与市宗隆公」「千坂対馬守景親公」と刻まれており、裏には「享保四年孟夏十三日建立」と建立日が刻まれている。
- This is deemed to be NASU no Yoichi's memorial tower, on which 'NASU no Yoichi Munetaka-ko' and 'Chizaka (Chisaka) Tsushima-no-kami Kagechika-ko' are imprinted, and on the other side of which 'Completed April 13, 1719' was imprinted as its date of construction.
- 鎌倉を平定した義教であったが、1440年(永享12年)に逃亡していた持氏の遺児の安王丸・春王丸兄弟が結城氏朝に担がれて叛乱を起こした(結城合戦)。
- Yoshinori had restored order to Kamakura, but in 1440, Anomaru and Shunomaru, the bereaved sons of Mochiuji, were deceived by Ujitomo YUKI into starting an insurrection (Yuki War).
- 長享元年(1487年)9月12日には自ら親征して、公家・神社・奉公衆(将軍直轄軍)領を侵略した近江国守護の六角高頼を討伐しようとした(六角征伐)。
- On October 7, 1487, he went on an expedition against Takayori ROKKAKU (the hugo of Omi Province who had invaded the territory of Kuge), court nobles and the Hokushu, the guard force (the shogun's directly controlled army), in a campaign called the ROKKAKU subjugation.
- 貞享元年(1684年)10月21日、徳川御三家の紀州藩2代藩主・徳川光貞の四男として生まれる(次兄は早世しているため三男と数えられることもある)。
- Yoshimune TOKUGAWA was born on November 27, 1684 as the fourth son of Mitsusada TOKUGAWA who was the second lord of the Kishu Domain among the Tokugawa gosanke (as his parents' second son died at a young age, he sometimes counted as the third son).
- 赤井 直正(あかい なおまさ、享禄2年(1529年) - 天正6年3月9日 (旧暦)(1578年4月8日))は、戦国時代 (日本)の丹波国の豪族。
- Naomasa AKAI, 1529 - April 25, 1578, was a member of the Gozoku (local ruling family) in Tanba Province in the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
- 1531年には本願寺教団内部で対立(後の山科本願寺焼討事件まで含めて享禄・天文の乱と呼ぶ)が起こるが、証如はこれを抑えて法主の指導力強化に努めた。
- In 1531, a conflict within the Hongan-ji religious group occurred (it is called the Kyoroku-Tenbun War (Kyoroku-Tenbun Rebellion) including the later incidents until when Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple was burned down), but Syonyo resolved this conflict and made efforts to strengthen the leadership of Hoshu (high priest).
- 日付は、暦の正確性、著作との整合を保つため、貞享2年(1685年)から、宝暦4年12月30日 (旧暦)(1755年2月10日)までは、貞享暦表示。
- The dates are described with Jokyo calendar from 1685 to December 30, 1754 (February 10, 1755 in new calendar) in order to ensure chronological accuracy and consistency with the works.
- また一方で、作者の縁者であり関東管領上杉氏と対立して永享の乱の後に殺された持氏側近一色直兼・上杉憲直らのことは「誠に志の深き者なり」などと称揚する。
- On the other hand, it praises the Mochiuji-side advisors, Naokane ISSHIKI and Norinao UESUGI, who were related with the author and opposed the Kanto kanrei Uesugi clan, as 'very committed people.'
- 享禄はじまる年、和泉の堺へ下りしに、あらけなく鳴物の声する、是は何事ぞやととへば、鉄炮と云物、唐国より永正七年に初て渡りたると云て、目当てと うつ。
- 'During my visit to Sakai, Izumi Province around the beginning of the Kyoroku era, surprised by a huge sound, I asked a person what happened and he said this was 'teppo' (gun) which was first introduced from China in 1510. He then showed me how to shoot it.'
- 享禄の錯乱の最中であった6月、大物崩れの勝者として細川高国を自害させ、声望を高めた細川晴元であったが、その晴元支持派だった蓮淳の名声も更に高まった。
- In June, in the middle of the Kyoroku War, Harumoto HOSOKAWA enhanced his fame by winning the Battle of Daimotsu and making Takakuni HOSOKAWA commit suicide, which also enhanced the reputation of Renjun who supported Harumoto.
- 四代将軍足利義持の三条坊門殿には、義持の御所となる前からあった東御会所(端御会所)と、永享元年(1429年)にできた奥御会所のふたつの会所があった。
- The Sanjobodomondono of the fourth shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA had two kaisho of Higashi gokaisho (Hashi gokaisho), which existed before it became the gosho of Yoshimochi, and Oku gokaisho built in 1429.
- そして鎌倉公方足利持氏が、正長から永享に改元したにも拘らず正長の年号を使い続け、また鎌倉五山の住職を勝手に決定するなどの専横を口実とし討伐を試みる。
- He then attempted to subjugate Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, the Kamakura Kubo, using the excuses that Ashikaga kept using the era name Shocho even after it had been changed from Shocho to Eikyo, and that Ashikaga appointed at his discretion the head priests for the Five Official Temples of Kamakura.
- その後、春海は暦道の最高責任者でもあった土御門泰福を説得して大和暦の採用に同意させ、3度目の上表によって大和暦は朝廷により採用されて貞享暦となった。
- Harumi later convinced Yasutomi TSUCHIMIKADO, the top authority in calendar studies, to agree to the use of Yamato Calendar and, on his third submission, it was finally accepted as the Jokyo Calendar by the imperial court.
- 吹替え(改鋳)によるものではなく、享保大判と同形式であり金品位も近く、吹増大判(ふきましおおばん)あるいは吹継大判(ふきつぎおおばん)とも呼ばれる。
- It was not issued because of currency reform, and it was similar in shape to and close in gold quality to Kyoho-Oban (large-sized coin of the Kyoho era), and was also called fukimashi Oban or fukitsugi Oban.
- 猪苗代 兼載(いなわしろ けんさい、享徳元年(1452年) - 永正7年6月6日 (旧暦)(1510年7月11日))は、戦国時代 (日本)の連歌師。
- Kensai INAWASHIRO (1452 - July 21, 1510) was a renga poet (linked-verse poet) in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan).
- 正徹に師事して冷泉派の歌人として知られる一方、1433年(永享5年)、「北野社万句」の座に列するなど、連歌作者として次第に時代を代表する存在となる。
- While he studied under another Buddhist priest called Shotetsu and was known as a poet of the Reizei School, he gradually became a renga poet of the time by for example attending the 'Kitano-sha manku' (10,000 linked verses event at Kitano-jinja Shrine) in 1433.
- 俗に、享保の改革・寛政の改革・天保の改革をもって「江戸幕府の三大改革」と呼ばれるが、これ以外にも、大規模な財政・制度改革は幾度にも渡って行われている。
- Commonly, Kyoho Reforms, Kansei Reforms, and Tenpo Reforms are called Three Big Reforms under the Edo bakufu, and besides, large-scale financial and institutional reforms were implemented many times.
- その後、享和2年(1802年)から文化_(元号)元年(1804年)にかけて十分の一役米(後述)の導入によって一時停止されたものの、その後も継続された。
- Afterward, the tax was abolished temporarily from 1802 to 1804 when the system of obligatory supply of the one-tenth amount of rice for sake brewing was introduced (as will be discussed hereinafter), but remained thereafter.
- 享保15年(1730年)に領国の石高が20万石以上であれば通用期間25年、20万石以下であれば通用期間15年などの条件付きで藩札の発行が再解禁された。
- In 1730, the shogunate again allowed domains to issue han bills with conditions; large domains producing 200,000 koku (approximately 36 million liters of crop yield) and above could issue han bills valid for 25 years, and small domains (less than 200,000 koku) for 15 years.
- 狩野正信(かのうまさのぶ、 永享6年(1434年)? - 享禄3年7月9日 (旧暦)(1530年8月2日)?)は、室町時代の絵師で、狩野派の祖である。
- Masanobu KANO (1434? - August 12, 1530?) was a painter of the Muromachi period and the founder of the Kano school.
- 享保4(1719年)年6月、留守居支配(留守居は老中支配)より若年寄支配の寄合となり、元文5(1740年)年、3,000石以上の旗本を全て寄合とした。
- Yoriai had been under the control of rusui (caretaker or keeper [official post in the Edo period]; rusui is under the control of rojyu [senior councilor of the Tokugawa shogunate]), but it became under the control of wakadoshiyori in June 1719, and in 1740, hatamoto with income of 3,000 koku or greater was appointed as yoriai.
- 屋敷に吹所を立て大坂から銅吹屋が交代で詰め12月末から灰吹法により行われたが、享保3年(1718年)11月からは大坂銅吹所が一切を請負うことになった。
- In Kyoto, fukisho (place of reminting) was established in these houses where reminting was started by cupellating method from the end of December by those who reminted bronze from Osaka, but from December of 1718, Osaka Reminting Place started to be responsible for all the works.
- 享保14年(1729年)発梓本では巻ごとに1冊に分けられ、巻末に壺井義知著『枕草子装束撮要抄』(「装束抄」)1冊が合綴されて袋綴じ13冊となっている。
- Each of the printed copies published in 1729 comprises one volume of the full text, and another book by Yoshitomo TSUBOI entitled 'Makura no Soshi Shozoku Satsuyosho' ('Shozokusho') is bound to the final volume to make a total of 13 double-leaved books.
- 三宝院25世門跡となり、応永2年(1395年)から永享6年(1434年)の間醍醐寺第74代座主を務め、以後、三宝院門跡が醍醐寺座主を兼ねる例となった。
- Mansai served as the twenty-fifth monzeki (head priest of the temple, formerly led by the sect founder) of the Sanboin Temple, and also held the post of seventy-fourth zasu (temple head priest) of Daigo-ji Temple from 1395 to 1434, creating a precedent for the monzeki of Sanboin Temple concurrently holding the post of zasu of Daigo-ji Temple.
- 1744年(延享元年)、河内の長栄寺(東大阪市)を再興して住職となり、初めて戒律の講義を行なったのを皮切りに、高野山や近畿の各地で修行と講演を続ける。
- In 1744, he restored Choei-ji Temple (Higashiosaka City) in Kawachi, assumed the position of the chief priest and conducted his first lecture on Buddhist precepts, and thereafter he continued ascetic training and lectures on Mt. Koya and other places in the Kinki region.
- 『群書類従』雑部に採録されていたが、『新校群書類従』編纂時に文亀3年(1503年)から享禄4年(1531年)分の120名分が欠落するなどの問題があった。
- The names were recorded in 'Gunsho Ruiju' Zatsubu ('Classified Collection of Books,' Miscellaneous Section), but there was a problem such that the records of 120 persons were lost during compiling 'Shinko Gunshoruiju (library)' from 1503 to 1531.
- 応仁の乱では細川勝元に与し、その功により播磨・備前・美作の3ヶ国を領する大大名にまで返り咲き、長享2年(1488年)には山名氏の勢力を播磨から駆逐した。
- In the Onin War, the clan supported Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, and for this merit, it came back in power regaining the position of powerful daimyo (feudal lord) ruling the three provinces, Harima, Bizen and Mimasaka, then drove away the force of the Yamana clan in 1488.
- 田手畷の戦い (たてなわてのたたかい)は、享禄3年(1530年)、北九州の覇権をめぐり周防国の戦国大名大内氏と肥前国の戦国大名少弐氏との間で起きた戦い。
- The Battle of Tatenawate was a war that took place in 1530 over hegemony of Kitakyushu between two daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States): the Ouchi clan of Suo Province and Shoni clan of Hizen Province.
- 有職故実にも堪能で、礼典儀礼を研究し、『唐六典』の校勘を長年継続して、致仕後の享保9年(1724年)に20年の歳月をかけて完成させ、家熙没後刊行された。
- He was well-versed in the ancient rules and practices of the Imperial Court and the military, studied ceremonial rituals and etiquette and spent as many as 20 years revising the 'Torikuten,' completing it in 1724 after retiring from the government, although it was not published until after his death.
- 享保15年に城米が「御用米」と改められた背景には、実際には災害救済や財政調整のために用いられて軍事色が払拭されていた現状に応じたものであるとされている。
- It is believed that the background that led to the change of jomai to 'goyomai' in 1730 was closely related to the actual situation of the time where the stock was used for disaster relief or financial adjustment and military significance was faded.
- 享保銀および慶長銀の通用停止は元文2年(1737年)3月17日に3年(1738年)1月限りと布告したが、延期され、元文3年(1738年)4月末となった。
- On March 17, 1737, it was proclaimed that kyoho-gin and keicho-gin were stopped in January 1738, but it was postponed to the end of April in 1738.
- 洒落本の元祖と目されるのは享保年間出版の『両巴巵言(りょうはしげん)』(1728年)、『史林残花』で、漢文体で江戸・吉原の風俗を滑稽に描いたものである。
- The 'Ryoha shigen' (Words on the Wine Cup of the Pleasure Quarters, 1728) and 'Shirin zanka' (Remaining Flowers of the Historical Forest), published in the Kyoho era and humorously describing the manners and customs of Yoshiwara in Edo (the most famous pleasure quarter during the Edo period) in kanbun (Sino-Japanese) style, are regarded as the first well-known sharebon works.
- (虎女の生涯は嘉禄3年1227年2月13日 (旧暦)没、享年53と言われてきたが最近の研究でその没年は嘉禎4年西暦1238年とされる、ノートに注を付記)
- (Torajo said to have died in June 4, 1225 at the age of fifty-three, but the recent research revealed that she died in 1238; see notes.)
- 特許がされた後において、その特許権者が第二十五条の規定により特許権を享有することができない者になつたとき、又はその特許が条約に違反することとなつたとき。
- where, after the grant of a patent, the patentee has become unable to hold a patent right under Article 25, or the patent has become in violation of a treaty; and
- このころ幕府の最長老格となっていた赤松満祐は、義教に疎まれる様になっており、永享9年(1437年)には播磨国、美作国の所領を没収されるとの噂が流れている。
- Mitsusuke AKAMATSU who was treated as the greatest patriarch of bakufu at that time had gotten on the wrong side of Yoshinori, and in 1437, there was a rumor circulating that his territoies in the provinces of Harima and Mimasaka were going to be confiscated.
- 8代将軍となった徳川吉宗は、紀州徳川家の出身であり、それまで幕政を主導してきた譜代大名に対して遠慮することなく、大胆に政治改革をおこなった(享保の改革)。
- Yoshimune TOKUGAWA from the Kishu Tokugawa family assumed the position of the eighth shogun, and implemented dynamic political reforms with no regard for the feelings of the hereditary vassal daimyo who had taken the initiative in the shogunate government until then (Kyoho Reforms).
- なお、正徳の次に来日した享保度の通信使の際には徳川吉宗は名分論には深入りせず、再び大君に復し、待遇も祖法遵守を理由に全面的に天和 (日本)度に戻している。
- When Tsushinshi came to Japan in the Kyoho era (1716 - 1736) after the one in the Shotoku era, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA restored the use of Tycoon, without getting involved in the positioning-of-shogun problem, and also totally restored the treatment of the envoy for the reason that the original rules should be followed.
- 1720年(享保5年)に著された「大明律例訳義」は人道・恤刑思想を重視して正確かつ平易(当時の日本で使われている用語に置き換えた)を旨とした全訳書である。
- Authored in 1720, 'Daiminritsureiyakugi' is a complete translation based on accuracy and simplicity (translated into terms used in Japan at that time), with a focus on thoughts on humanity and merciful punishment.
- 最近の小説や評論の類それにインターネットのホームページも早雲を「大器晩成」の典型として享年88説を採っているものが多く、必ずしも一般に定着した訳ではない。
- Recent novels, reviews and postings on the Internet still maintain that Soun was a man who 'bloomed late in life' and died at the age of 88, and neither of the above theories have been established among the general public.
- 中根 元圭(なかね げんけい、寛文2年(1662年) - 享保18年9月2日 (旧暦)(1733年10月9日))は、江戸時代中期の和算家、天文家、である。
- Genkei NAKANE (1662 - October 9, 1733) was a wasanka (mathematician) and tenmonka (astronomer) in the middle of the Edo period.
- 落書(らくしょ)などもその系譜に含めて考えることができるが、独自のジャンルとして発達したのは江戸時代中期で、享保頃に上方で活躍した鯛屋貞柳などが知られる。
- While rakusho (lampoon) can be in the same category, Kyoka was established as a unique genre during the mid Edo period, and among famous Kyoka poets was Teiryu TAIYA, who was active in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) during the Kyoho era.
- 国民は、すべての基本的人権の享有を妨げられない。この憲法が国民に保障する基本的人権は、侵すことのできない永久の権利として、現在及び将来の国民に与へられる。
- The people shall not be prevented from enjoying any of the fundamental human rights. These fundamental human rights guaranteed to the people by this Constitution shall be conferred upon the people of this and future generations as eternal and inviolate rights.
- 慶長小判はこの京目一両の原則に沿っていたが、後世、正徳 (日本)享保期を除き、時代ごとの経済政策により品位(金含有率)・量目ともに改悪されることが多かった。
- Keicho koban was made based on the principle of kyome 1ryo, however, later, due to economic policies of different periods except in Shotoku Kyoho period, it became often made worse both in karat (content rate of gold) and ryome (a weighed value).
- 享保15年(1730年)の札遣い再開からは、領内の泉佐野の廻船問屋で加賀国の銭屋五兵衛と並び称された豪商の食野(めしの)家などの引請による銀札が発行された。
- Since issuing of han bills was again permitted in 1730, a ginsatsu guaranteed by wealthy merchants located in the territory, such as the Meshino family, who were a kaisen donya (wholesaler in port) in Izumisano no less famous than Gohei ZENIYA of Kaga Province, was issued.
- やがて、両者の対立は全国の大名の兵力(享徳の乱の最中の関東を除く)を政治の中心地である京都に結集して遂に大規模な軍事衝突を引き起こしたこれが応仁の乱である。
- Eventually, the conflict between each side led to all the daimyo in the country (except for daimyo from the Kanto during the Kyotoku Rebellion) concentrating their military forces in Kyoto, the governmental capital, until at last, with these large-scale armies in such proximity, armed conflict was inevitable, and the Onin War began.
- このため、足利義教の代に永享の乱を起こした第4代鎌倉公方・足利持氏を攻め滅ぼして一時直接統治を図るが失敗に終わり、持氏の子・足利成氏を新しい鎌倉公方とした。
- Consequently, in the era of Yoshinori ASHIKAGA the fourth Kamakura-kubo, Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, who raised the Eikyo Rebellion, was conquered and temporarily direct rule by the shogun was exercised but eventually failed; subsequently, Mochiuji's son Shigeuji ASHIKAGA was made the new Kamakura-kubo.
- 義教は好機と見て憲実と結び、関東の諸大名に持氏包囲網を結成させ、持氏討伐の勅令を奉じて朝敵に認定し、1439年(永享11年)に関東討伐に至った(永享の乱)。
- Yoshinori, seeing this as an opportunity, joined forces with Norizane, ordered daimyos in Kanto to close Mochiuji off from power, officially identified Mochiuji as the Emperor's enemy following the imperial order to subjugate Mochiuji, and in 1439, took control of the Kanto area (Eikyo Rebellion).
- 日本国内に住所又は居所(法人にあつては、営業所)を有しない外国人は、次の各号の一に該当する場合を除き、特許権その他特許に関する権利を享有することができない。
- A foreign national not domiciled or resident (or, in the case of a juridical person, with a business office) in Japan may not enjoy a patent right or other rights relating to a patent, except in the following cases:
- 享和3年(1803年)、京都所司代は二条城で大瀛・道隠と能化智洞に法論を行わせて、文化元年(1804年)には江戸に両派を召喚し、寺社奉行所で討論させている。
- In 1803, Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy) made Taiei, Doin and noge (master) Chido settle their dispute in Nijo-jo Castle and in 1804 recalled both sides to Edo-jo Castle, where they made them settle the issue in a magistrate's office for temples.
- 1439年(永享11年)2月10日_(旧暦)、憲実はやむなく永安寺を攻め、持氏、足利満貞(稲村御所)らは自害し、義久は鎌倉報国寺 (鎌倉市)において自害した。
- On April 2, 1439, Norizane attacked Yoan-ji Temple against his will, where Mochiuji, Mitsusada ASHIKAGA (Inamura Gosho [an administrative organization for governing the Tohoku regions, settled by the Kamakura bakufu in the Muromachi period: it also refers to its head Mitsusada ASHIKAGA.]) and others committed suicide, while Yoshihisa committed suicide in Kamakura Hokoku-ji Temple (Kamakura City).
- 鎌倉公方足利持氏と関東管領上杉憲実の不和から始まり、持氏の遺児である春王・安王の処刑に至るまでの永享の乱・結城合戦の顛末を真字(漢文)体で実録的に記している。
- It records the events of the Eikyo Rebellion and Yuki Battle in Mana (Chinese characters) starting with the dispute between Kamakura kubo Mochiuji ASHIKAGA and Kanto kanrei (shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) Akimitsu UESUGI, and ends with the execution of Mochiuji's remaining children, Shuno and Ano,
- 畠山 義就(はたけやま よしひろ(よしなり)、永享9年(1437年)? - 延徳2年12月12日 (旧暦)(1491年1月21日))は、室町時代の武将である。
- Yoshihiro Hatakeyama (1437 - January 30, 1491) was a general of the Muromachi period.
- のちに国事参与となり、三条とともに攘夷派の先鋒となったが、文久3年(1863年)に深夜朝議からの帰途、京都朔平門外の猿ヶ辻で刺客に襲われ自宅で死去、享年27。
- Later, he became Kokuji Sanyo (national affaires council), and he spearheaded the Joi ha (group of expulsion of the foreigners) with Sanjo, but in 1863, he was attacked by an assassin at Sarugatsuji outside the Sakuhei-mon Gate in Kyoto on the way home from a Court Council late at night, and died at home at the age of 27.
- 享保4年1月 (旧暦)(1719年)、里人は「周防徳山領百姓中」と署名し、嘆願書を老中・水野忠之、大目付・横田重松、目付・千葉七郎右衛門の3人宛てに投書した。
- Then, on February 1719, Satondo sent a petition with a signature of 'Farmers in the Tokuyama territory in Suo' to three persons: Tadayuki MIZUNO, a Roju officer, Shigematsu YOKOTA, an Ometsuke officer (chief inspector of the Edo shogunate), and Shichirozaemon CHIBA, an Metsuke officer (inspector of foot soldiers).
- 大典顕常(だいてん けんじょう、享保4年(1719年) - 享和元年2月8日 (旧暦)(1801年3月22日))は江戸時代中期 - 後期の禅僧、漢詩人である。
- Kenjo DAITEN (1719 - March 22, 1801), a Zen Buddhist monk and a Chinese-style poet, lived from the middle to late Edo period.
- 内容は公方管領の不和から春王・安王の処刑後に乳人らが出家するところまでで、永享の乱の部分は『鎌倉持氏記』、結城合戦の部分は『結城戦場記』がもとになったとされる。
- The contents cover the time from discord of the kubo and kanrei to the point when the wet nurses of Shuno and Ano become nuns after the brothers' execution and it is suggested that the Eikyo Rebellion part was based on 'Kamakura Mochiuji ki' and the Yuki Battle part was based on 'Yukisenjo ki.'
- 享禄・天文の乱(きょうろく・てんぶんのらん)は、戦国時代_(日本)初期の浄土真宗本願寺宗門における教団改革を巡る内紛と、これに触発されて発生した対外戦争の総称。
- The Kyoroku-Tenbun Rebellion is the general term for the internal conflict within the Hongan-ji Temple sect of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) over the sectarian reform in the early Sengoku Period and the external war provoked by the conflict.
- 応永32年(1425年)に朝廷の内侍所で湯起請が行われたことが『薩戒記』に記載され、『看聞御記』にも永享3年(1431年)に湯起請が行われたことが記されている。
- In 'Sakkai-ki Diary,' it is stated that yugisho was conducted at Naishidokoro (the place where the sacred mirror is enshrined) of the Imperial Court in 1425, and also in 'Kanmongyoki,' it is described that it was conducted in 1431.
- 1428年の正長の土一揆、1441年の嘉吉の徳政一揆、1454年の享徳の土一揆、1457年の長禄の土一揆、1478年及び1480年の山城土一揆がなどが知られる。
- Some uprisings are widely known; for example, the peasant uprising of the Shocho era in 1428, the Tokusei uprising of the Kakitsu era in 1441, the peasant uprising of the Kyotoku era in 1454, the peasant uprising of the Choroku era in 1457, the uprising of Yamashiro Province in 1478 and 1480, and so on.
- この乱により興福寺の権威は揺らぎ義教の支配が強まったが、永享12年(1440年)には早くも、結城合戦と関連した動きを見せた越智氏討伐のため幕府軍が出陣している。
- This war undermined the authority of Kofuku-ji Temple and strengthened the rule of Yoshinori but, as early as in 1440, the army of bakufu was forced to go back into battle to subdue the Ochi clan who made a move connected with Yuki War.
- しかしその後、河内国守護の畠山満家が越智維通を支援、筒井氏も細川持之を頼ったが、永享6年(1434年)に入ると越智氏は勢いを盛り返し、筒井氏は再度大敗を喫した。
- But, after that, Mitsuie HATAKEYAMA, shugo (provincial constable) of Kawachi Province, provided support to Koremichi OCHI and, although the Tsutsui clan sought help from Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA, the Ochi clan regained momentum in 1434 and badly defeated the Tsutsui clan again.
- 収入について詳しく書かれるのは長享2年(1488年)頃からであるが、ことに後半では収入に関する記述が頻繁に見られ、金銭的に厳しい状態が続いていることが見られる。
- He started to write about his incomes in detail around 1488, and in the latter half of the diary accounts concerning incomes often appeared, which suggests that he had been badly off.
- 撰進のために応製百首(永享百首)が召され、宝治(後嵯峨天皇)・弘安(亀山天皇)・嘉元(後宇多天皇)・文保(同)・貞和(尊円法親王)度の百首歌も選考資料となった。
- In order to present poems to the Emperor, Oseihyakushu (100 poems on set themes, also known as Eikyo hyakushu) were composed, and some Hundred-Poem collections were also used for the anthology such as Hoji (hosted by Emperor Gosaga), Koan (hosted by Emperor Kameyama), Kagen (hosted by Emperor Gouda), Bunpo (hosted by Emperor Gouda), and Jowa (hosted by Cloistered Imperial Prince priest Sonen).
- これだと、姉の北川殿の結婚の時期に11歳頃、駿河下向時点で32歳、享年は64歳となり、当時の人間の活動としては妥当な年齢であることから、有力視されるようになった。
- With this age, Soun would have been 11 when Kitagawa-dono got married, 32 when he went to Suruga and 64 at the time of his death, common for the man of that time.
- しかし基氏の死後、その子孫は京都の室町幕府将軍家と対立・抗争を繰り返し、遂に第4代公方・足利持氏に至っては第6代将軍・足利義教と衝突する事態に至った(永享の乱)。
- But after his death, his descendants repeatedly clashed with the Muromachi Shogunate in Kyoto until actual conflict finally broke out between the fourth Kubo Mochiuji ASHIKAGA and the sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA (Eikyo Incident).
- 幕府権力の再興に務め、増税と質素倹約による幕政改革、新田開発など公共政策、公事方御定書の制定、市民の意見を取り入れるための目安箱の設置などの享保の改革を実行した。
- He put great effort into the restoration of the bakufu's authority, and enacted the Kyoho Reforms through measures such as tax increases and cost-cutting to reform the bakufu, public policies such as the development of new rice fields, the enactment of Kujikata Osadamegaki (the law of the Edo bakufu), and the installation of opinion boxes to gain the views of the public.
- 享保丁銀(きょうほうちょうぎん)とは正徳 (日本)4年(1714年)8月に発行された丁銀の一種で秤量銀貨であり、正徳丁銀(しょうとくちょうぎん)と呼ぶ場合もある。
- Kyoho-chogin is a silver coin by weight standard as well as a kind of chogin that was issued in September 1714, and it was called by 'Shotoku-chogin'as well.
- 与謝 蕪村(よさ ぶそん、よさの ぶそん、享保元年(1716年) - 天明3年12月25日 (旧暦)(1784年1月17日))は、江戸時代中期の日本の俳人、画家。
- Buson YOSA (Born in 1716, died on January 17, 1784) was a Japanese haiku poet and painter in the middle of the Edo Period.
- 玄宥(げんゆう、享禄2年(1529年) - 慶長10年10月4日 (旧暦)(1605年11月14日))は、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代前期にかけての真言宗の僧。
- Genyu (1529 - November 14, 1605) was a Shingon Sect Buddhist monk who lived from the Sengoku period (period of warring states) into the beginning of the Edo period.
- 孝子内親王(たかこないしんのう、慶安3年10月11日 (旧暦)(1650年11月4日) - 享保10年6月26日 (旧暦)(1725年8月4日)は、江戸時代の皇族。
- Imperial Princess Takako (November 4, 1650 - August 4, 1725) was a member of the Imperial family during the Edo period.
- 更に幕府に反抗的だった鎌倉公方足利持氏を永享の乱で、その残党を結城合戦で討伐すると全国に足利将軍に表向きに刃向かう勢力は無くなり、一見社会は安定に向かうかに見えた。
- Furthermore, Yoshinori defeated the Kubo (Commander) of Kamakura, Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, who had rebelled against the bakufu, in the Eikyo Rebellion, and the remnants of his faction in the Yuki War, thereby ridding the country of any force that could openly strike down the Ashikaga Shogun, at first glance restoring peace and stability to society.
- だが成氏も享徳の乱を起こして、古河城に逃れて古河公方を名乗り、更に上杉氏は山内上杉家と扇谷上杉家に分裂したため、応仁の乱が始まるよりも前に関東地方は騒乱状態となる。
- However, Shigeuji also raised the Kyotoku Rebellion and escaped to Koga-jo Castle, where he named himself Koga-kubo (古河公方), and as the Uesugi clan split into the Yamanouchi Uesugi and Ogigayatsu Uesugi families, the Kanto region was in a state of turbulence before the Onin War started.
- 越智氏は多武峰に籠もり敗れたものの以後も抗戦を続け、斯波持有率いる幕府軍は永享9年5月22日 (旧暦)(1437年6月25日)に大合戦に及んだが決着がつかなかった。
- The Ochi clan barricaded itself in Tonomine, and though having been defeated, continued to resist so much that the army of bakufu led by Mochiari SHIBA was unable to settle the battle even when it went all the way to fight a great battle on June 25, 1437.
- 吉山 明兆(きつさん みんちょう、正平 (日本)7年/文和元年(1352年) - 永享3年8月20日 (旧暦)(1431年9月26日))は、室町時代前・中期の画僧。
- Mincho KITSUSAN (1352 - 5 October,1431) was an artist monk during the early and middle Muromachi period.
- 横川景三(おうせんけいさん、永享元年(1429年) - 明応2年11月17日 (旧暦)(1493年12月25日))は、室町時代中期から後期にかけての禅僧(臨済宗)。
- Osen Keisan (1429 - December 25, 1493) was a Zen monk (Rinzai sect) in the middle to late Muromachi period.
- 応永33年2月7日 (旧暦)(1426年)に興福寺別当に任じられ、以後永享3年(1431年)・寛正2年(1461年)・文明元年(1469年)にも別当に補任されている。
- On March 25, 1426 he was appointed as Kofuku-ji betto (the head priest of Kofuku-ji Temple), he also worked as betto in 1431, 1461, and 1469.
- 閑院宮典仁親王(かんいんのみやすけひとしんのう、享保18年2月17日(1733年4月1日) - 寛政6年7月6日(1794年8月1日))は、江戸時代の宮家当主で皇族。
- Kaninnomiya Imperial Prince Sukehito (April 1, 1733 - August 1, 1794) was the head of the Miyake (house of an imperial prince) in Edo period and member of the Imperial family.
- 延享元年(1744年)に新たに板倉氏が入封すると、直ちに五匁、一匁の銀札を発行したが、国内の荒廃などによって表高5万石に対して実収2万石しかなかった同藩財政は逼迫した。
- Although a five monme and a one monme ginsatsu were issued as soon as the Itakura clan entered the domain in 1744, the territory was devastated and the economy became tight because they actually had only 20,000 koku in spite of their 50,000 koku of omote-daka (face value of koku assessed by the shogunate).
- 正親町 雅子(おおぎまち なおこ、享和3年11月1日 (旧暦)(1803年12月14日) - 安政3年7月6日 (旧暦)(1856年8月6日))は、江戸時代後期の女院。
- Naoko OGIMACHI (December 14, 1803 - August 6, 1856) was Nyoin (a woman bestowed with the title 'in') in the late Edo period.
- 貞享元年(1684年)佐渡にて小倉実起・公連父子が相次いで病死、さすがの霊元天皇もこれを憐れんで翌年に竹淵季件を赦免して小倉熙季と改名させて小倉家を再興する事を許した。
- In 1684, Saneoki and Kintsura OGURA, father and son, successively died of illness in Sado, a sad enough circumstance to tempt Emperor Reigen to remit Kiken TAKEBUCHI and had him change the name to Hirosue OGURA, who was permitted to restore the Ogura family.
- 円山 応挙(まるやま おうきょ、享保18年5月1日 (旧暦)(1733年6月12日) - 寛政7年7月17日 (旧暦)(1795年8月31日))は、江戸時代中期の絵師。
- Okyo MARUYAMA, (June 12, 1733 – August 31, 1795) was a mid Edo period painter.
- しかし、享禄4年(1531年)3月には摂津中嶋の戦いにおいて三好元長に敗れ、6月4日の天王寺の戦い(大物崩れ)でも元長に敗れて捕らえられ、6月8日に自刃に追い込まれた。
- However, he was defeated by Motonaga MIYOSHI at the Battle of Settsu Nakajima in March 1531, and on June 4, he was defeated again and captured by Motonaga at the Battle of Tennno-ji (Battle of Daimotsu), and was forced to kill himself on June 8.
- 日本国内に住所及び居所(法人にあっては、営業所)を有しない外国人は、次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合を除き、育成者権その他育成者権に関する権利を享有することができない。
- A foreign national who has neither domicile nor residence (nor business office, in the case of a juridical person) in Japan may not enjoy a breeder's right or any other rights relating to a breeder's right, except in cases falling under any of the following items:
- 巧如(ぎょうにょ 1376年(天授 (日本)2年/永和 (日本)2年) - 1440年11月8日(永享12年10月14日 (旧暦)))は、浄土真宗の僧で、本願寺第6世。
- Gyonyo (1376 - November 8,1440) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and the sixth chief priest of Hongan-ji Temple.
- 慈雲(じうん 享保3年7月28日 (旧暦)(1718年8月24日) - 文化 (元号)元年12月22日 (旧暦)(1805年1月22日))は江戸時代後期の真言宗の僧侶。
- Jiun (August 24, 1718 - January 22, 1805) was a Buddhist priest of the Shingon Sect in the late Edo period.
- 貞享元年(1684年)に徳川綱吉が将軍を継ぐと、寛文印知の対象外であった小規模寺社を含めて朱印状などの再交付(継目安堵)を行い、大名・公家・寺社他4878通が交付された。
- When Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA became the fifth shogun in 1684, a total of 4,878 documents including shuinjo was regranted to daimyo, kuge, temples and shrines including small-scale temples and shrines which had not been covered by Kanbun-inchi, which was called tugime-ando (tsugime: inheritance, ando: recognition and guarantee by the lord of a vassal's rights regarding a piece of land or an estate, tsugime-ando [only referring to ones carried out in the Edo period]: renewal of such recognition and gurantee by each shogun]).
- 享和2年(1802年)ふたたび水害などに起因する米価の高騰により、幕府は酒造米の十分の一を供出させ、不作や飢饉のときのための備蓄米として取っておこうという政策を打ち出した。
- Following the sharp increase in rice prices due to floods and other reasons, the bakufu set up a policy that required people to contribute one-tenth of rice for sake brewing to be stockpiled in case of a poor harvest and famine in 1802.
- 実際に今川範政は朝廷から征夷副将軍に任じられ、その子今川範忠は永享の乱の戦功によって室町将軍家から彼とその子孫以外の今川姓の使用を禁じるとする「天下一苗字」の待遇を受けた。
- In fact, Norimasa IMAGAWA was appointed to Seii fukushogun by the Imperial Court, his son Noritada IMAGAWA got preferential treatment called 'one family name in the country' from the Muromachi shogunate family so that only he and his descendents were allowed to use the family name of Imagawa.
- またこの縁起「信長公阿弥陀寺由緒之記録」は古い記録が焼けたため享保16年に記憶を頼りに作り直したと称するもので、仏教への不信の信長が帰依していたとすることも含め信じがたい。
- In addition, as it is also told with respect to this history book, 'Nobunagako Amidaji Yuishono Kiroku,' that because the old records were burnt, it was reconstructed in 1731 based on memory, this book is unbelievable including the story that Nobunaga, who did not believe Buddhism, was the believer of this temple.
- 延享2年(1745年)9月25日、将軍職を長男・徳川家重に譲るが、家重は言語不明瞭で政務が執れるような状態では無かったため、自分が死去するまで大御所として実権を握り続けた。
- On October 20, 1745, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA ceded the post of shogun to his eldest son Ieshige TOKUGAWA, but a speech defect which left him unable to govern meant that Yoshimune held onto actual power until his death.
- 甲府藩の国絵図の編纂に関わり、又改暦に備えて授時暦を深く研究して改暦の機会を窺っていたが、その後渋川春海によって貞享暦が作られ、暦学において功績を挙げることは適わなかった。
- He was involved in compiling the province-wide cadastral survey (known as 'kuni ezu' in Japanese) for Kofu domain, and after working with the convoluted Juji Calendar he began looking for an opportunity to revise the calendar system, but once the Jokyo Calendar, developed by Harumi SHIBUKAWA, was created, he had no chance to make any noteworthy achievements with regards to the calendar.
- 近衛 基熙(このえ もとひろ、慶安元年3月6日 (旧暦)(1648年4月28日) - 享保7年9月4日 (旧暦)(1722年10月13日))は江戸時代前・中期の公家、関白。
- Motohiro KONOE (April 28, 1648 - October 13, 1722) was a court noble and Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) who lived in the early to mid Edo period.
- 中央とも繋がりが深く、征夷大将軍足利義教ら室町幕府要人とも親交が深かったが、永享10年(1438年)に義教と対立して尋尊に門跡を譲らされて一旦は法寿院へ引退に追い込まれる。
- He had a close relationship with important people in the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), such as seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') Yoshimichi ASHIKAGA, however following conflict with Yoshimichi he was forced to relinquish his position as chief priest to Jinson in 1438, and was forced to retire to Hoju-in Temple.
- また『吹塵録』の「江戸人口小記」は町方並寺社門前の人口として子午年改の人口をまとめているが、『重宝録』では享保六年十一月の人口を町奉行支配場のみの町人人口として記載している。
- Although, the 'Edo Jinko Shoki' of 'Suijinroku' compile the figures from the hexannual census, whereas the 'Chohoroku' compiles the figures of November 1721 under the name of 'townspeople.'
- 一方、キリスト教(カトリック)においては、贅沢は「七つの大罪」における傲慢の罪にあたり、享楽的な生活に対する神の怒りが黒死病などの疫病や戦乱を生み出していると考えられてきた。
- Meanwhile, in Catholic teaching, luxury is seen as a form of vanity, one of 'The Seven Deadly Sins,' and it has been thought that God's wrath against people's hedonistic lives has caused epidemics such as the black death and wars.
- 時が下り、松田元隆の代には、足利義晴のもと大永2年(1522年)京の都で侍所室町幕府に就任するなどしていたが、享禄4年(1531年)、天王寺合戦で味方の浦上村宗とともに討死。
- In a later period, in the time of Motomichi MATSUDA, he assumed his post as Shoshidai (deputy governor of the Board of Retainers) in the capital in Kyoto in 1522 under the reign of Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA, but he died at the Battle of Tennoji in 1531along with his colleague Muramune URAGAMI.
- 都市計画区域について定められる都市計画は、当該都市の住民が健康で文化的な都市生活を享受することができるように、住宅の建設及び居住環境の整備に関する計画を定めなければならない。
- City plans stipulated for city planning areas must stipulate plans for the construction of housing and the development of residential environments so that the inhabitants of said cities may enjoy healthy, cultural urban lifestyles.
- 伏見宮貞成親王は『看聞日記』で、比叡山の事件を噂した茶商人が即座に斬首された事につき「万人恐怖シ、言フ莫レ、言フ莫レ」(『看聞日記』永享七年2月8日_(旧暦)条)と評している。
- Prince Fushiminomiya Sadanari in his 'Kammon Diary' commented on an incident in which a tea merchant who talked about the Hieizan incident was beheaded on the spot, saying 'Everyone fears, say nothing, say nothing' (from the 'Kammon Diary' entry of February 8, 1435).
- 元禄5年(1692年)から享保7年(1722年)までの30年間に在任した幕府役職者のうち、大目付・町奉行・勘定奉行就任者の79%、大番頭就任者の29%が役料支給の対象となった。
- Of the bakufu officials who were in office during the thirty years from 1692 to 1722, 79% of ometsuke, machi bugyo and kanjo bugyo officials, and 29% of oban gashira officials received yakuryo payments.
- 尚、小判については正徳小判から享保小判への変更に付き若干の品位向上となったが、丁銀についても金貨とのバランスの関係から初期の頃に品位を若干向上させる変更を行ったとする説もある。
- As for koban (former Japanese oval gold coin), the karat was upgraded a little when shotoku koban was changed to kyoho koban, and there is a theory that the karat of chogin was also upgraded in the early stage to keep a balance with gold coin.
- 大使、公使その他外国に在ってその国の裁判権からの免除を享有する日本人が前項の規定により普通裁判籍を有しないときは、その者の普通裁判籍は、最高裁判所規則で定める地にあるものとする。
- If an ambassador, minister or any other Japanese national in a foreign state who enjoys immunity from the jurisdiction of that state has no general venue pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph, his/her general venue shall be deemed to be located in the place specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
- 両者は持氏の妥協により和解するが、1438年(永享10年)6月、持氏が嫡子の賢王丸の元服を幕府に無断で行うと再び対立し、憲実は同年8月に分国であった上野国(群馬県)平井城に逃れる。
- The both sides reached a settlement as Mochiuji compromised, but they were confronted again in July, 1438, when Mochiuji celebrated coming of age of his legitimate son 賢王丸 without permission of the bakufu, and Norizane fled to Hirai-jo Castle of the Kozuke Province (Gunma Prefecture), a province occupied by a territorial lord, between August and September of the same year.
- 義持の没後、弟の義教が将軍に就任すると、持氏はこれに反発し、1429年に元号が「正長」から「永享」に改元されても持氏は正長の元号を用い続けるなど、幕府に対する不服従の態度を示した。
- After Yoshimochi's death his younger brother Yoshinori assumed shogun, but Mochiuji opposed to this and took disobedient attitudes toward the bakufu, for example, Mochiuji continued to use Shocho era even after the name of the era had been changed from 'Shocho' to 'Eikyo'.
- また、永享11年の室町幕府の意見書でも「湯起請の失の深浅は、牓示姧曲の多少による」とされ、不当な主張をすれば湯起請の結果に反映されるとして、境相論の解決法として有効とみなしていた。
- A written opinion issued by the Muromachi bakufu in 1439 described that 'the degree of shitsu shows how maliciously Boji (signs placed at the border between territories) was distorted' and regarded it as an effective solution to disputes over the boundary between territories since an unreasonable claim would be reflected in the the result of yugisho.
- 延享度の通信使の朝鮮朝廷への帰国報告では、信使の渡来を幕府は諸侯に「朝鮮入貢」として知らせており、それまでの使節もそれを知りながら紛争を恐れて知らぬふりをしていた旨が記されている。
- The Tsushinshi who visited Japan in the Enkyo era (1744 to 1748) submitted a report to the Korean Imperial Court after returning from Japan, and in it, described the following: The bakufu informed lords that Tsushinshi came to Japan 'to pay tributes from Korea' and all of the past envoys knew the fact but acquiesced fearing the disputes that would occur otherwise.
- 一方、吉宗の侍医として仕えていた荻生は「大明律例訳義」が原文を載せていないことに批判的で1723年(享保8年)に明律原文に校訂・句読を施した「官准刊行明律(訓点本明律)」を著した。
- Meanwhile, Ogyu who served as the court physician for Yoshimune, was critical of the fact that 'Daiminritsureiyakugi' did not contain the original text, and in 1723, authored 'Kanjunkankominritsu' (kuntenbonminritsu), which added revisions and punctuation to the original Ming code.
- 高山 彦九郎(たかやま ひこくろう 延享4年5月8日 (旧暦)(1747年6月15日) - 寛政5年6月28日 (旧暦)(1793年8月4日))は、江戸時代後期の尊皇思想家である。
- Hikokuro TAKAYAMA (June 15, 1747 - August 4, 1793) was a thinker who had fostered a theory of reverence for the Emperor at the end of Edo period.
- その後、享保の大飢饉や天明の大飢饉の救済のためにも御用米が活用されたが、松平定信の寛政の改革では、囲米を導入して御用米の役目を代行させ、御用米を当初の軍事専用に復帰させようとした。
- Later on, goyomai was used to relieve the Great Famine of Kyoho or the Tenmei Famine, but in Kansei reform by Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA, kakoimai (it refers to the system where rice was stored by the bakufu, clans and towns and villages in case of emergency) was introduced as a substitute for goyomai and the bakufu tried to revive original goyomai used for military purpose only.
- 記録によると13人の領主が割り当てられた十三給という村落も存在した(なお、岡山藩領の邑久郡尾張村(現在の岡山県瀬戸内市)では享保年間に26人の領主に分割されていたとする記録がある)。
- It is recorded that there were some villages whose territorial form was jusan (13)-kyu with the assignment of 13 feudal lords (even there is a record that a village called Owari-mura located in Oku County [present Setouchi City, Okayama Prefecture], a territory of Okayama Domain, was shared by as many as 26 lords during the Kyoho era).
- 延享2年(1745年)にも「町人が絹・紬・木綿・麻以外の物を着てはならず、熨斗目などの衣装を着ているものがいれば、同心は捕えてその場で衣装を没収すべきである」と言う指示が出されている。
- In 1745, an ordinance was issued stating that 'if doshin (police constable) find townspeople wearing clothes like noshime (a kind of kimono for samurai), they should arrest them and confiscate the clothes on the spot, as townspeople are not allowed materials other than silk, tsumugi, cotton, and hemp.'
- 享徳の乱の際、扇谷・山内両上杉家は連合して古河公方(鎌倉公方の後身)と敵対していたが、古河公方との和睦後は両家で争うようになり、内紛の末に衰退し、新興の後北条氏に圧迫されるようになる。
- During the Kyotoku Incident, the Ogigayatsu- and Yamanouchi-Uesugi families formed an alliance and fought against the Koga Kubo (the later form of the Kamakura Kubo) but after making peace, they began to fight among themselves, leading to a decline in their power, and they came under pressure from the emerging Gohojo clan.
- この「正宗」は三成が秀吉から拝領したものといわれるが、江戸時代の享保期に出版された書物「刀剣名物帳」では、毛利輝元が所持していたものを宇喜多秀家が買い取り、三成に贈ったと記されている。
- This 'Masamune' sword was said to be given to Mitsunari by Hideyoshi, but the document 'Token-Meibutsucho (Book of Special Swords)' issued in the Kyoho era of the Edo period said that Hideie UKITA bought it from Terumoto MORI and then gave it to Mitsunari.
- 関東では京都で応仁の乱が起きる以前より、享徳の乱・長享の乱・永正の乱の3つの大乱が立て続けに起こっており、古河公方と関東管領山内上杉家・その庶流の扇谷上杉家が3つ巴になって覇権を争った。
- In Kanto, even before the occurrence of the Onin Disturbance in Kyoto, three great uprisings, the Kyotoku Disturbance, Chokyo Disturbance, and Eisho Disturbance, occurred successively and Koga-kubo, the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family that was Kanto Kanrei (shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) and its branch family, the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi family, competed for dominance in a three-cornered struggle.
- 室町時代を中心に栄えたが、御伽草子の名で呼ばれるようになったのは18世紀、およそ享保年間に大坂の渋川清右衛門が『御伽文庫』または『御伽草子』として以下の23編を刊行してからのことである。
- While they flourished around the Muromachi period, they came to be referred to as Otogi Zoshi in the 18th century, around the Kyoho era when Seiemon SHIBUKAWA in Osaka published the following 23 books under the category of 'Otogi Bunko' or 'Otogi Zoshi.'
- 著作者は、次条第一項、第十九条第一項及び第二十条第一項に規定する権利(以下「著作者人格権」という。)並びに第二十一条から第二十八条までに規定する権利(以下「著作権」という。)を享有する。
- An author shall enjoy the rights provided for in paragraph (1) of the next Article, Article 19, paragraph (1) and Article 20, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "moral rights of author") as well as the rights provided for in Articles 21 to 28 (hereinafter referred to as "copyright").
- また『柳烟雑記』は享保九年五月(1723年)の武家人口として、大名264人、旗本5205人、御目見以下1万7004人、与力・同心並びに六尺・下男3万0909人、その他487人と伝えている。
- Additionally, according to the 'Ryuenzakki' [柳烟雑記] (Miscellaneous Records of Smokey Willow), the samurai population as of May 1723 (Kyoho 9) comprised of 264 daimyo (Japanese feudal lord), 5,205 hatamoto (bannermen), 17,004 subordinates, 30,909 of those including yoriki (police sergeant), doshin (police constable), rokushaku (servant) and genan (houseboy), and 487 others.
- 江戸幕府の財源は米に依拠しているにもかかわらず、米価がその他の物価に対し相対的に下落していく傾向を放置した状態であり、4~7代将軍の頃には解決できず、徳川吉宗の享保の改革を待つこととなる。
- Although the Edo bakufu relied on rice for its source of funds, the fall in the price of rice in relation to the prices of other commodities went unresolved from the reign of the fourth shogun through to that of the seventh; the issue was finally resolved by the Kyoho reforms introduced by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA.
- 清晃は出家して京にいたが、政知は勢力挽回のために日野富子や管領細川政元と連絡してこの清晃を将軍に擁立しようと図っていたとの噂があったと長享元年(1487年)の大乗院尋尊の日記に残っている。
- According to the 1487 diary of Jinson DAIJOIN, although Seiko was in Kyoto to join the priesthood, there was a rumor that Masatomo, together with Tomiko HINO and Masamoto HOSOKAWA, was planning to make Seiko Shogun in order to recover his power.
- 享保2年(1717年)の『武家諸法度』によると、城主は櫓・塀・門以下は届出をし許可を得たうえで補修することが可能で、石塁・石壁が壊れたときは奉行に報告し、その差図を受けることとなっていた。
- According to 'Buke Shohatto' (code for the warrior households) issued in 1717, a joshu could repair building parts equal to or less than a tower, fence or gate after submitting an application and obtaining an approval; and, when a stone wall was broken, the joshu was supposed to report to bugyo (commissioner [in charge of repair and management]) and to receive his instruction.
- 頼芸の信任篤い勘九郎は、同じく頼芸の信任を得ていた長井長弘の除去を画策し、享禄3年(1530年)正月ないし天文2年(1533年)に長井長弘を不行跡のかどで殺害し、長井新九郎規秀を名乗った。
- Trusted greatly by Yorinari, Kankuro (Dosan) plotted to eliminate Nagahiro NAGAI, on whom Yorinari also placed reliance; he killed Nagahiro for a minor reason in 1530 (or 1533), and then took the name of NAGAI Shinkuro Norihide.
- 『永享記』『結城戦場記』ともに伝本の多くは足利氏の系譜を始めに記し、永享の乱・結城合戦の顛末、鎌倉府再興、長享の乱で山内・扇谷上杉氏が戦った高見原合戦や北条早雲の登場までで構成されている。
- Most denpon such as 'Eikyoki' and 'Yuki Senjoki' began with a genealogy of the Ashikaga clan, which is followed by details of Eikyo War and Yuki War, restoration of Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), the Takamigahara Battle in which the Yamanouchi-Uesugi clan and the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi clan fought during the Chokyo Rebellion, and the appearance of Soun HOJO.
- 江戸時代になるとさらにさかんにおこなわれ、享保5年、徳川吉宗は篤行者旌表の規定をもうけ、寛政10年、松平定信は孝子、奇特者のおおがかりな調査をおこない、「孝義録」、「孝義録続編」を刊行した。
- When the Edo period began, the practice was more frequently carried out -- In 1720, Yoshimune TOKUGAWA laid down a provision for awarding those who practiced tokugyo (virtuous conduct); and in 1798, Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA conducted a large-scale survey of koshi and kitokusha (commendable person) and published 'Kogiroku' (the collection of documents about awards given by the bakufu and the daimyo) and 'Kogiroku zokuhen' (Kogiroku, continued).
- 池 大雅(いけの たいが/いけ たいが、 享保8年5月4日 (旧暦)(1723年6月6日) - 安永 (元号)5年4月13日 (旧暦)(1776年5月30日))は、日本の江戸時代の文人画家。
- Ike no Taiga is a literati painter during the Edo Period. He was born June 6, 1723 and died May 30, 1776.
- 明末の文震享の『長物志』(訳注は、平凡社東洋文庫全3巻)は、この趣味をもっともよく体系化しており、室盧・花木・水石・禽魚・書画・几榻・器具・衣飾・舟車・位置・蔬果・香茗の12門に分類している。
- 'Chobutsushi' written in the end of Ming period (translators' notes were in the three volumes in Heibonsha, Toyo bunko) systemized this hobby best, classifying it into 12 categories of shitruro (室盧), flowers and trees, suiseki (viewing stone), birds and fish, calligraphic works and paintings, kito (几榻), instruments, fashion, ship and car, interior accessory, soka (蔬果) and komei (香茗).
- 増子女王(ますこじょおう、正徳 (日本)元年10月19日 (旧暦)(1711年11月28日) - 享保18年10月3日 (旧暦)(1733年11月9日))は江戸幕府第9代将軍・徳川家重の正室。
- The Pricess Masuko (November 28, 1711- November 9,1733) was the legal wife of Ieshige TOKUGAWA, the ninth Shogun of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- こうした成果をうけて幕府は残虐刑を減らして「過料」「敲(たたき)」「入墨」などの新しい刑罰を導入したが、「享保の改革」自体が保守的な要素をもっていたため、幕府法の全面的な改訂には至らなかった。
- Such achievements led the bakufu to reduce cruel punishments and to introduce new punishments such as 'correctional fines,' 'beating,' and 'tattooing,' but due to the conservative factors of 'Kyoho-no-kaikaku (Kyoho reform)' itself, it did not lead to an overall revision of the bakufu law.
- 宗祇との交流は文明 (日本)9年(1477年)に初めてその記述が見られ、長享2年(1488年)に宗祇が北陸に下向する際には「旅先で自分が死んだら、聞書などを実隆に譲る」と約束されるまでになる。
- The friendship with Sogi was first written in the diary in 1477, and when he set off to the Hokuriku district in 1488, he promised Sanetaka 'to give verbatim records and other writings if he died at the place where he was traveling.'
- 丁銀100匁当りの含有上銀の許容誤差は慶長銀および享保丁銀0.3匁、元禄丁銀0.8匁、宝永丁銀1.11匁、永字銀1.33匁、三ツ宝銀1.51匁、四ツ宝銀1.7匁、および元文丁銀1.5匁であった。
- The error margin in silver content for 100 mon of Chogin coins was 0.3 mon for Keicho gin and Kyoho chogin, 0.8 for Genroku chogin, 1.11 for Eiho chogin, 1.33 for Eiji gin, 1.51 for Mitsuhou gin, 1.7 for Yotsuhou gin and 1.5 for Genbun chogin.
- 平氏は華麗な「平家納経」を残したことでもわかるように、一面で貴族文化に憧れをもっていたが、代わって政権をとった源氏は純然たる武家であり、美術の主要な享受者も前時代の貴族から武士へと移っていった。
- The Taira clan adored the aristocratic culture, which is symbolized by the gorgeous Heike-nokyo, while the Minamoto clan, which replaced the Taira clan as the political power, was a genuine samurai family, so samurai gradually replaced court nobles as the major beneficiaries of art.
- 近世初期(1683年(貞享3年)また一説によれば寛永(1622年-1643年)に、下総国葛飾郡からその一部、すなわち隅田川から利根川(現在の江戸川下流)までの地域をあわせ、武蔵国の葛飾郡とした。
- In the beginning of the early modern period (1683) or, as some people say, between 1622 to 1643, a portion of the Katsushika district in Shimo-Usa Province, from the Sumida River to the Tone River (the downstream of the present-day Edo-gawa River), was combined to form the Katsushika district of Musashi Province.
- 幕府財政は一部で健全化し、には江戸時代を通じて最高の税収となったが、年貢税率の固定化やゆきすぎた倹約により百姓・町民からの不満を招き、折からの享保の大飢饉もあって、百姓一揆や打ちこわしが頻発した。
- The government finance got balanced partially, and in 1744 the tax revenues were the highest of the Edo period, but the fixation of rice tax rate and the forced frugality of everyday life negatively affected peasants and citizens, resulting in frequent peasant revolts and destructive urban riots, which were also results of the Great Famine of Kyoho.
- 定免の継続期間は享保13年3月の触書には5箇年、7箇年、10箇年、15箇年があるが、年期が終わると更に申請して年期を切り替え、従前の税額に増して定免を継続することができた(継年期(つぎねんき))。
- The furegaki (bakufu orders) issued in April 1728 said that the duration of the fixed tax rate was 5 years, 7 years, 10 years and 15 years, but the period of duration could be extended by application and the fixed tax rate continued in addition to the prior tax amount (it was called tsuginenki).
- 更に江戸幕府自身も正徳元年(1711年)に巡見使に対する出訴を処罰の対象外とし、享保6年(1721年)には改めて直訴を禁じるとともに、目安箱を設置して箱訴による合法的越訴が許容されることとなった。
- Furthermore, the Edo bakufu itself decriminalized a suit to jyunkenshi (an inspector sent by the Edo bakufu throughout Japan) in 1711 and once more banned jikiso in 1721, but it prepared a meyasubako (complaints box), allowing legal osso by hakoso (appeal from a box).
- 近松 門左衛門(ちかまつ もんざえもん、近松門左衞門、承応2年(1653年) - 享保9年11月22日 (旧暦)(1725年1月6日))は江戸時代前期の元禄期に活躍した歌舞伎・浄瑠璃の作者である。
- Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU (1653 - January 6, 1725) was a kabuki and joruri (ballad drama) playwright who wrote many great works during the Genroku era in the early Edo period.
- 無著道忠(むじゃく どうちゅう、承応2年7月25日 (旧暦)(1653年9月16日) - 延享元年12月23日 (旧暦)(1745年1月25日))は、江戸時代の禅宗中の臨済宗妙心寺派の学僧である。
- Mujaku Dochu (September 16, 1653 - January 25, 1745) was a gakuso (scholar priest) of Myoshin-ji Temple school of the Rinzai sect of Zen during the Edo period.
- 白隠 慧鶴(はくいん えかく、1686年1月19日(貞享2年12月25日 (旧暦)) - 1769年1月18日(明和5年12月11日 (旧暦)))は、臨済宗中興の祖と称される江戸時代の禅僧である。
- Hakuin Ekaku (January 19, 1686 - January 18, 1769) was a Zen monk in the Edo Period who is called Chuko no So (father of restoration) of the Rinzaishu sect.
- しかし、実際に人口調査の体裁が整えられてたのは、徳川吉宗によって子午改(6年毎)の全国人口調査が開始された享保六年(1721年)以降であり、大岡忠相から有馬氏倫へ提出した書類の形式で伝えられている。
- However, the census system was only formally put into place after hexannual national census surveys were implemented by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA in 1721 (year) and formalized in the document presented by Tadasuke OOKA to Ujinori ARIMA.
- 意匠登録がされた後において、その意匠権者が第六十八条第三項において準用する特許法第二十五条の規定により意匠権を享有することができない者になつたとき、又はその意匠登録が条約に違反することとなつたとき。
- where, after the grant of a design registration, the holder of the design right has become unable to hold a design right under Article 25 of the Patent Act as applied mutatis mutandis under Article 68(3) of this Act, or the design registration has become in violation of a treaty.
- 商標登録がされた後において、その商標権者が第七十七条第三項において準用する特許法第二十五条の規定により商標権を享有することができない者になつたとき、又はその商標登録が条約に違反することとなつたとき。
- where, after the trademark registration, the holder of trademark right has become unable to enjoy the trademark right pursuant to Article 25 of the Patent Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 77(3) of this Act, or the trademark registration has become in violation of a treaty;
- 1429年(永享元年)京都六角堂町の豪商小袖屋宗句の援助により本応寺(1433年に本能寺と改称される)は、細川満元の庇護を受けて創建された尼崎本興寺 (尼崎市)とともに八品派の中心的な寺院となった。
- In 1429, through the financial assistance of Sojun KOSODEYA, a wealthy merchant of the Rokkakudo-cho in Kyoto, Honno-ji Temple (本応寺, one character 応 in its name was altered 能 to be 本能寺 in 1433, but pronunciation remained unchanged) came under the patronage of Mitsumoto HOSOKAWA and became one of the central temples of the Happon School, the other being the recently established Amagasaki Honko-ji Temple (in Amagasaki City).
- Honno-ji Temple, which was renamed to Honno-ji with different Chinese characters in 1433, had been founded in 1429 with the support of a wealthy merchant Sojun KOSODEYA in Rokkakudo-cho, and the temple became one of the main temples for the Happon school together with Honko-ji Temple in Amagasaki (Amagasaki City), which was founded under the auspices of Mitsumoto HOSOKAWA.
- 長享・延徳の乱(ちょうきょう・えんとくのらん)とは、室町時代後期の長享元年(1487年)と延徳3年(1491年)の2度に亘って室町幕府が行った近江国守護・六角高頼に対する親征で、六角征伐とも言われる。
- The Chokyo-Entoku Wars were campaigns conducted by the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) twice in 1487 and in 1491 in the late Muromachi period against Omi no kuni shugo (the provincial constable of Omi Province) Takayori ROKKAKU, and it is also referred to as Rokkaku Seibatsu (suppression).
- また、京都扶持衆として直接将軍と結び付き、1438年の永享の乱では幕府より鎌倉公方の討伐命令をくだされているなど、南北朝時代に南朝方であった伊達氏は幕府との接近によって、その地位と勢力を高めていった。
- After becoming a direct retainer of shogun as Kyoto fuchishu, the Date clan enhanced its social status and power by establishing a closer relationship with bakufu, as exemplified in the order from bakufu in the Eikyo War of 1438 to subjugate the Kamakura kubo which the Date clan had supported in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 貞享3年(1686年)には縫に限り銀250目までの販売を許したが、元禄2年(1689年)には銀250目以上の衣服を一切売ってはならない事、絹地に蝋などを塗って光沢を帯びさせる事を禁じる事が命じられた。
- Although only nui worth up to 250 kan of silver was permitted in 1686, all cloth worth 250 kan of silver or more was banned to sell in 1689 and adding luster to silk by waxing was also prohibited.
- 例えば、関東では鎌倉公方が古河城に逃れて古河公方と名乗って関東管領上杉氏との全面戦争(享徳の乱)を引き起こし、将軍が後任の鎌倉公方として派遣した足利政知も鎌倉にさえ入ることができなかった(堀越公方)。
- For example, in Kanto, Kamakura Kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) escaped to Koga-jo Castle and, using the name of Koga Kubo, started a total war with the Uesugi clan that was Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) (Kyotoku Disturbance), and Masatomo ASHIKAGA, who was dispatched by the shogun as the successor of Kamakura Kubo, could not enter Kamakura (Horigoe Kubo).
- 更にこの時の火災で打撃を受けた東大寺盧舎那仏像そのものも後日首が落下してしまい、修理費用も無くそのまま放置され、大仏と大仏殿の両方の再建が行われたのは、120年以上も後の貞享・元禄年間のことであった。
- Furthermore, the head of Rushanabutsu (the great statue of Buddha) damaged during this fire fell off on a later day, and was left as it was with no budget for repair; it was not until the Jokyo to Genroku years, more than 120 years afterwards, that both the statue itself and its hall were reconstructed.
- 人類は、生物の多様性のもたらす恵沢を享受することにより生存しており、生物の多様性は人類の存続の基盤となっている。また、生物の多様性は、地域における固有の財産として地域独自の文化の多様性をも支えている。
- Human beings are living through enjoying benefits from biodiversity. Biodiversity thus serves as a basis of the survival of human beings. In addition, biodiversity, as the particular assets of each region, also supports the diversity of unique regional culture.
- 前項の規定により認許された外国法人は、日本において成立する同種の法人と同一の私権を有する。ただし、外国人が享有することのできない権利及び法律又は条約中に特別の規定がある権利については、この限りでない。
- A foreign juridical person which is approved pursuant to the provision of the preceding paragraph shall possess the same private rights as may be possessed by the juridical person of the same kind which can be formed in Japan; provided, however, that, this shall not apply to any right which may not be enjoyed by a foreign national, or a right for which special provision is made in a law or treaty.
- 享保3年(1718年)閏10月には正徳銀、慶長銀に対し元禄銀は2割5分増、二ツ宝銀は6割増、永字銀10割増、三ツ宝銀15割増、四ツ宝銀30割増と含有銀量に基づくものに変更となり市場を追認する形となった。
- Therefore, in October 1718, the system was changed to be based on the silver amount contained where addition was made to shotoku-gin and keicho-gin by the following rate: Genroku-gin by 25%, Futatsuho-gin by 60%, Eiji-gin by 100%, Mitsuho-gin by 150% Yotsuho-gin by 300%, and it confirmed the market.
- 大正3年から研究を開始した杉田氏は、享保年間に柳生藩の松田四郎兵衛が記した『柳生家雑記録』に「地蔵石に天長元戌申年春日四箇郷の事書付有」とあるのを確認、その後、大正13年に正長の土一揆の遺物説を唱えた。
- Sugita, who started the study in 1914, located a passage that said, 'A note about an occurrence in Kasuga four villages in 1428 was found on the surface of the Jizo rock,' in 'Yagyu-ke Zakkiroku' (Miscellanea of the Yagyu family) written by Shirobe MATSUDA of the Yagyu clan in the Kyoho era, and later in 1924, he advanced an opinion that it was a relic of the peasants' uprising of the Shocho era.
- 第十三条及び前条に規定する特権及び免除のほか、イーター機構の事務局長及び首席事務局長は、千九百六十一年四月十八日の外交関係に関するウィーン条約の規定に基づき、外交団の長に与えられる特権及び免除を享受する。
- In addition to the privileges and immunities provided for in Articles 13 and 14 above, the Director-General of the ITER Organization and the Principal Deputy Director General shall enjoy the privileges and immunities to which the head of a diplomatic mission is entitled under the provisions of the Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations of the 18 April 1961.
- また井原西鶴の『好色一代女』貞享3年(1686年)に蓮葉女として記述され、上方の大店の問屋で雇用された上客を接待するための閨(ねや)をともにする女性として描かれていて、職業の名前からの引用という説がある。
- Moreover, there is a theory that the word was derived from the name of the occupation because the novel 'Koshoku ichidai onna,' written by Saikaku IHARA in 1686, had a description of Hasuhame (equivalent to Hasuha Onna), who was described as a woman employed by a big wholesaler in Kamigata (the area of Kyoto and Osaka) to have an affair with a good customer for the purpose of entertainment.
- 久頼の後に当主であったとみられる六角亀寿(どの人物に比定されるかは諸説ある)は応仁の乱では西軍に属し、その次代の六角高頼の代には、1487年(長享元年)には9代将軍足利義尚、10代足利義稙から討伐を受ける。
- Kameju ROKKAKU, who is considered to be the family head after Hisayori (there are several theories over the identity of Kameju), belonged to the western army at the turmoil of the Onin War, and in the next generation that of Takayori ROKKAKU, the ninth-generation shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA and the tenth-generation shogun Yoshitane ASHIKAGA sent a punitive expedition to Takayori in 1487.
- 建武新政期には後醍醐天皇が親政を行い院政は一時期中断したが、数年の後に北朝による院政が復活し、室町時代に入ってから院政は継続したが、永享5年(1433年)に後小松天皇が死去すると院政は事実上の終焉を迎えた。
- During the Kenmu Restoration, Emperor Godaigo conducted direct government and insei was discontinued for a certain period, but after a few years insei was revived by Hokucho (北朝) and continued after the start of the Muromachi period; however, when Emperor Gokomatsu died in 1433, insei virtually ended.
- 上田 秋成(うえだ あきなり、享保19年6月25日 (旧暦)(1734年7月25日) - 文化 (元号)6年6月27日 (旧暦)(1809年8月8日))は、江戸時代後期の読本作者、歌人、茶人、国学者、俳人。
- Akinari UEDA (July 25, 1734 - August 8, 1809) was a writer of yomihon (books), a poet, an expert in the tea ceremony, a scholar of Japanese classics and a haiku poet in the late Edo period.
- 正徳6年2月18日(1716年4月10日)には納采の儀を済ませるも、そのわずか2ヶ月後の享保元年4月30日(1716年6月19日))に家継が死去したため、史上初の武家への皇女降嫁、関東下向には至らなかった。
- After the ceremony of exchanging betrothal presents was held on April 10, 1716, Ietsugu died just after two months after the ceremony on June 19, 1716, the descending marriage from the Imperial Princess to the Samurai family, the first time in the history, going to Kanto did not happen.
- 華族や士族の家に生まれた者も、家を継がず分家して一戸を創設する際には、生家の族称から離れて、原則として平民の族称を享けることとなった(平民宰相といわれた原敬がこの例で、盛岡藩家老の息子だったが平民となった)。
- Any one who was born in a family of kazoku or shizoku but did not succeed the family to set up a new branch was basically classified as heimin despite the designation of his parents' home (for example, Takashi HARA who was called a commoner prime minister became heimin after he was born as a son of the chief retainer of the Morioka domain.)
- レコード製作者は、第九十六条、第九十六条の二、第九十七条の二第一項及び第九十七条の三第一項に規定する権利並びに第九十七条第一項に規定する二次使用料及び第九十七条の三第三項に規定する報酬を受ける権利を享有する。
- The producer of a phonogram shall enjoy the rights provided for in Articles 96 and 96-2, Article 97-2, paragraph (1) and Article 97-3, paragraph (1), as well as the right to secondary use fees provided for in Article 97, paragraph (1) and the right to remuneration provided for in Article 97-3, paragraph (3).
- 長享元年(1487年)、9代将軍足利義尚は六角高頼征伐を決定し、将軍直属の奉公衆を中心とした軍を率いて近江坂本へ出陣、9月には管領細川政元・若狭国守護武田国信・加賀国守護富樫政親を近江に召集し、高頼を攻撃する。
- In 1487, the ninth Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA decided to subjugate Takayori ROKKAKU, and headed an army mainly consisted of hokoshu (the shogunal military guard) directly under him to go into the battle in Sakamoto in Omi Province, and in September, the Shogun ordered the Shogunal Deputy Masamoto HOSOKAWA, Wakasa no kuni shugo (the provincial constable of Wakasa Province) Kuninobu TAKEDA and Kaga no kuni shugo (the provincial constable of Kaga Province) Masachika TOGASHI to Omi Province and attacked Takayori.
- その後、六角高頼が幕府御料地を侵略した際には9月と8月の2回、第9代将軍足利義尚の親征を受けたが、その2度とも観音寺城を放棄し甲賀の山中でゲリラ戦を展開、一時的に城を明け渡すが共に奪回している(長享・延徳の乱)。
- Later, when the castle was attacked by the ninth Shogun Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA, twice, in August and September, due to Takayori ROKKAKU's invasion of bakufu goryochi (the land directly controlled by bakufu [Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun]), they temporarily abandoned the castle, conducted guerrilla wars in the mountains of Koka, and recaptured the castle later in both wars (the Chokyo-Entoku Wars).
- 長享2年(1488年)の本願寺による加賀支配確立後には蓮誓の光教寺は兄蓮綱の松岡寺・弟で兄蓮乗の後継となった蓮悟の本泉寺と並んで「賀州三ヶ寺」または「加賀三山」と呼ばれて加賀における本願寺の代行統治機関となった。
- After Hongan-ji Temple took control of Kaga in 1488, Kokyo-ji Temple of Rensei, along with Matsuoka-ji Temple of Renko, who was his older brother, and Honsen-ji Temple of Rengo, who was his younger brother and the successor of his older brother Renjo, came to be called 'Three Temples of Kaga' or 'Three Mountains of Kaga', and became the deputy governing institutions of Hongan-ji Temple in Kaga.
- 満済(まんさい・まんぜい、天授 (日本)4年 / 永和 (日本)4年(1378年) - 永享7年6月13日 (旧暦)(1435年7月8日))は、南北朝時代 (日本)から室町時代中期にかけての醍醐寺(真言宗)の僧。
- Mansai (Also known as Manzei) (1378 – July 17, 1435) was a Buddhist monk of Daigo-ji Temple (Shingon Sect) from the period of the Northern and Southern Courts through the middle of the Muromachi period.
- 実用新案登録がされた後において、その実用新案権者が第二条の五第三項において準用する特許法第二十五条の規定により実用新案権を享有することができない者になつたとき、又はその実用新案登録が条約に違反することとなつたとき。
- where, after the grant of a utility model registration, the holder of utility model right has become unable to hold a utility model right under Article 25 of the Patent Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article2-5(3), or the utility model registration has become in violation of a treaty; and
- 下官人は江戸後期の朝儀再興に伴う人手不足を補うために増員され、『地下次第』によれば延享5年(1746年)には73名であったものが、寛政8年(1796年)には110名、嘉永2年(1849年)には170名に増加している。
- Shimokanjin was increased to meet the manpower shortage caused by imperial ceremony restoration during the latter half of the Edo period: According to 'Jige Shidai' (Records of Jige), they were 73 in 1746, increased to 110 in 1796 and to 170 in 1849.
- 若狭武田氏は安芸武田氏4代武田信繁 (室町時代)の長男である武田信栄が、室町幕府6代将軍足利義教の命を受けて1440年(永享12年)に若狭守護職・一色義貫を誅殺した功績により若狭守護職を任命されたことによって始まる。
- The history of the Wakasa-Takeda clan dates back to the time when Nobuhide TAKEDA, the eldest son of the fourth head of the Aki-Takeda clan Nobushige TAKEDA (Muromachi period), was appointed to shugo of Wakasa Province after he killed in 1440 the shugo of Wakasa Province Yoshitsura ISSHIKI at the behest of the sixth shogun of Muromachi bakufu Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
- 勝元が管領に就任していたのは、文安2年(1445年)から宝徳元年(1449年)、享徳元年(1452年)から寛正5年(1464年)、応仁2年(1468年)2月から死去する文明 (日本)5年(1473年)5月までである。
- Katsumoto served as a kanrei (a shogunal deputy) from 1445 to 1449, from 1452 to 1464 and from February 1468 to May 1473, when he died.
- 正徳 (日本)3年(1713年)9月27日に岩田村を芝村に改めたのち、実際に陣屋が芝村(桜井市織田・現在の市立織田小学校)に移転したのは、第7代藩主・織田輔宜の代である延享2年(1745年)閏12月12日のことである。
- On November 14, 1713, the name of Iwata Village was changed to Shiba Village; it was on February 2 in 1746, during the generation of Sukeyoshi ODA, the seventh lord of the domain, that the jinya was actually relocated to Shiba Village (Oda, Sakurai City, the site is currently Municipal Oda Elementary School).
- だが、貞享4年(1687年)中院通茂が先年の暴言の事実と皇太子への悪意の疑いで追放され(ただし、後年許されて霊元上皇と東山天皇の推挙で幕府から加増を受けている)、直後に朝仁親王(東山天皇)への譲位と院政開始を宣言する。
- However, in 1687, Michishige NAKANOIN was expelled for his abusive remark earlier in the year and was suspected of ill intentions toward the Crown Prince (although he was remitted afterwards and his salaries from the Bakufu were increased at the recommendation of the Retired Emperor Reigen and Emperor Higashiyama), and immediately after that the incumbent emperor declared the abdication of his throne in favor or Imperial Prince Asahito (now Emperor Higashiyama) and the start of his assumption of the virtual reins of the court as retired emperor.
- 享和3年9月3日(1803年10月18日)に家慶と婚約が治定、翌文化 (元号)元年9月3日(1804年10月6日)、幕府の希望により喬子女王まだ数えで10歳にして江戸へ下向、以後婚儀までの5年間を江戸城西ノ丸にて過ごす。
- Takako was engaged to Ieyoshi on October 18, 1803, then on October 6, 1804, when she was only nine years old, she left the capital Kyoto to move to Edo as the favor of the bakufu, and lived in the Nishinomaru compound of Edo-jo Castle until the wedding five years later.
- 「明徳記」は1391年の明徳の乱の経過が書かれている、「応永記」には1399年の応永の乱や南北朝合体の記述が、「永享記」には永享の乱を中心とした関東の情勢が、「応仁記」には足利義政の治世から応仁の乱の様子が記されている。
- The 'Meitokuki' (Chronicle of the Meitoku Era) records the events and aftermath of the Meitoku Rebellion, while the 'Oeiki' (Chronicle of the Oei Era) describes the Oei Rebellion and the unification of the Northern and Southern courts; the 'Eikyoki' focuses on the situation in the Kanto, especially vis-a-vis the Eikyo Rebellion, whereas the 'Oninki' records the circumstances of the period from Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA's reign up until the Onin War.
- その後正長・永享期には嫡流と思しき「石橋左衛門佐入道」が在京すると共に、正長元年(1428年)の『満済准后日記』に「奥篠河殿、並伊達蘆名白河懸田川俣塩松石橋也」と登場し、安達郡東方を分郡に塩松を名字とする庶流を分出していた。
- After that, in the Shocho and Eikyo eras, a direct descendant called 'Saemon-no-suke-nyudo ISHIBASHI' was living in Kyoto, while, as 'Mansai Jugo Nikki' (Mansai's diary) states '奥篠河殿、並伊達蘆名白河懸田川俣塩松石橋也' (Lord Sasagawa and Date, Ashina, Shirakawa, Kakeda, Kawamata, Shionomatsu, Ishibashi), a branch family of the Ishibashi clan surnamed Shionomatsu was living in eastern Adachi County.
- いま伝わるものとしては、塙保己一が紅葉山文庫本・学問所古本などをもって校訂を加え1803年(享和2年)に出版した刊本をはじめ、写本としては1304年(嘉元2年)、金沢貞顕が吉田定房の本をもって校訂した金沢文庫本系のものがある。
- Documents handed down to the present include the book published in 1803 by Hokiichi HANAWA, who revised old books of Momijiyama Library, old school textbooks and so on, and manuscripts of Kanazawa Library book line written in 1304 by Sadaaki KANESAWA who revised Sadafusa YOSHIDA's books.
- しかし、戦国時代 (日本)初頭の長享の乱の際に関東管領上杉顕定が河越城を攻撃するために7年にわたって上戸に陣を置いたと伝えられており、上戸においてそれだけ長期間において陣が構えられる場所は河越館以外に考えられないとされている。
- However, it is said that in the Chokyo War at the beginning of the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), Akisada UESUGI, Kanto Kanrei (A shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), maintained an outpost in Uwado for seven years in order to attack Kawagoe-jo Castle, and it is hard to imagine the location for such an outpost maintained for so long in Uwado being anywhere other than Kawagoe-yakata.
- しかし、そのことをもって、御伽草子全てを婦女童幼の読み物であると断定するべきではなく、物語が庶民に楽しめるものになっていったこの時代に、色々な創作・享受の条件が複雑に重なった結果、御伽草子のような形の物語群が生まれたと思われる。
- However, that is not to say that all Otogi Zoshi were reading material only for women and children, and the narrative forms of Otogi Zoshi are thought to have been created as a result of complicated, overlapping conditions of various recreations during that period when narratives began to be enjoyed by general public.
- 享和三年(1803年)正月の中瀬村 (三重県)(現伊賀市)の記録によると、村の農民側から無足身分である忍者に対して、農民と同様の棒役を務めるよう要請があったが、忍者側が士族の身分であることを盾にそれを拒否したところ村八分にされた。
- According to the record on Nakaze-mura Village (present Iga City) (Mie Prefecture) in the New Year's Holidays in 1803, the peasants' side demanded Ninja in social status of musoku to be charged boyaku as well as peasants, but Ninja's side refused it on the pretext of their being in warrior class, which led to their social ostracism.
- 道中筋条目はその後、延享4年(1747年)、宝暦8年(1758年)、寛政元年(1789年)と改正され、文政4年(1821年)10月には道中制法・道中取締触書と3点セットにして公布された(ただし、道中取締触書の実際の公布は11月)。
- After that, Dochosuji Jomoku was revised in 1747, 1758 and 1789, and in October, 1821 it was announced officially in combination with Dochu Seiho and Dochu Torishimari Furegaki (which was actually announced officially in November).
- 一方関東地方や東北、九州南部などの地域においては、既に中央の統制下から離れた状態のまま、各地域内部において有力武家間の大規模な紛争が発生しており、この戦いとは全く無関係に戦乱状態に突入していた(関東については享徳の乱を参照のこと)。
- On the other hand, in some regions including Kanto, Tohoku and Southern Kyushu, large-scale conflicts had already begun among influential samurai families within individual territories already out of central control, and these areas were already in a state of war irrespective of the battle in and around the capital region (for further information on Kanto, see the article on Kyotoku Incident).
- 当初の義政は祖父・義満や父・義教の政策を復活させようと試み、また鎌倉公方(後に古河公方)足利成氏と関東管領上杉氏との大規模な内紛(享徳の乱)に対しては成氏追討令を発して異母弟の堀越公方・足利政知を派遣するなどして積極的な介入をした。
- At the beginning, Yoshimasa tried to revive the political agenda of his grandfather, Yoshimitsu, and his father, Yoshinori, and he actively intervened in the large-scale infighting (the Kyotoku War) between Kamakura-kubo (later Koga-kubo) Shigeuji ASHIKAGA and Kanto-kanrei Uesugi clan by ordering Horigoe-kubo Masatomo ASHIKAGA, his younger brother by a different mother, to subjugate Shigeuji.
- この抜本的治水策として、2つの川の分岐点より上流に当たり、且つ日本海に最も近い現在の燕市分水地区(旧分水町)付近から分水路を掘削する計画が享保年間より江戸幕府に嘆願されてきたが、莫大な工事費と、流域各藩の利害対立により実現しなかった。
- During Kyoho period and afterward, in order to take a drastic measure against floods, people had petitioned Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shoguns) for implementation of a plan of controlling floods by excavating diversion aqueducts from around present-day Bunsui District, Tsubame City (former Bunsui-machi), which is located at the upper stream of a fork of the two rivers and the closest to the Japan Sea, but the plan wasn't executed due to the enormous amount of the construction cost and conflicts of interests among the watershed domains.
- 奥書によれば室町時代の公卿である飛鳥井雅康(1436年(永享8年)‐1509年(永正6年))が守護大名大内氏の当主大内政弘(1446年(文安3年)- 1495年(明応4年))の求めに応じて1481年(文明13年)に作成したものである。
- According to the postscript, it was made in 1481 by a court noble of the Muromachi period, Masayasu ASUKAI (1436-1509), at the request of the Shugo daimyo (a provincial military governor turned daimyo) Masahiro OUCHI (1446-1495), the head of the Ouchi clan.
- その一方、上杉氏と足利公方家の対立が鮮明となり、1454年には鎌倉公方足利成氏が関東管領上杉憲忠(憲実の子)を殺害したことに発する内乱(享徳の乱)が発生し、関東は応仁の乱よりも十数年早く事実上の戦国時代_(日本)に突入することとなった。
- On the other hand, antagonism between the Uesugi clan and the Ashikaga Kubo family broke into the open and, in 1454, civil war (the Kyotoku Incident) began when Kamakura Kubo Shigeuji ASHIKAGA killed Kanto Kanrei Noritada UESUGI, and Kanto effectively entered the Warring States Period over 10 years prior to the Onin War.
- もっとも、大和国の国分寺を、東大寺及びその前身寺院ではなく、現在の奈良県橿原市にある国分寺 (橿原市)(現在は浄土宗)に求める説(『大和志』(享保19年(1734年))など)もあり、歴史事典類でも大和国国分寺の場所については両説がある。
- However, there is another theory that the provincial temple in Yamato was Kokubun-ji Temple now located in Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture ('Yamatoshi' [Topography of Japan] in 1734, etc.), not Todai-ji Temple and its predecessor temple, and historical dictionaries also adopt these two theories as for the location of the provincial temple in Yamato.
- 藤原 定子(ふじわら の ていし/さだこ)、貞元 (日本)2年(977年)―長保2年12月16日 (旧暦)(ユリウス暦1001年1月13日))は、平安時代、第66代一条天皇の中宮、のち皇后(享年は同時代の公卿藤原行成の日記『権記』による。
- FUJIWARA no Teishi (her name can alo be read as Sadako) (977-January 13, 1001) was Chugu and later Empress to the sixty-sixth Emperor, Ichijo, during the Heian period (The date of her death is taken from Kugyo FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary, 'Gonki' of the same period.
- 先の年号問題は持氏の妥協でケリが付いたものの、比叡山の呪詛問題、それに1438年(永享10年)には嫡子の元服の際に義教を無視し勝手に名前をつけた(当時は慣例として将軍から一字を拝領していた)ことなどから幕府との関係は一触即発となっていた。
- The era issue mentioned above was resolved owing to a compromise by Mochiuji but his relationship with the the government remained volatile because of the Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple curse issue, and also because, in 1438, Mochiuji ignored Yoshinori and named his son himself when he reached adulthood (according to the custom of that time, one of the Chinese characters used in the shogun's name was given).
- 翌享和4年七月 (1804年6月) には江戸河原崎座で尾上松助 (初代)のために書き下ろした『天竺徳兵衛韓噺』(天竺徳兵衛)が大当たりとなり、翌年正月には河原崎座で『四天王楓江戸粧』を成功させて、名実共に次世代の狂言作者であることを証明した。
- In June 1804, 'Tenjiku Tokubei Kokubanashi' (modeled after an adventurer Tenjiku Tokubei) that he wrote specifically for Matsusuke ONOE I at the Kawarazaki-za theater in Edo made a great hit, and in the New Year of the next year, 'Shitenno Momiji no Edoguma' made a hit at the Kawarazaki-za theater, which proved that he was a playwright who will lead the next generation both nominally and virtually.
- これを受けて幕府の法制度が整備された慶長20年(1615年)以後、寛保3年(1743年)までの129年間に出された御条目・高札・御触書のうち3550通を主題ごとに分類・整理を行った上で、延享元年(1744年)11月に完成、翌年一部が校訂された。
- In response to this, 3,550 articles of ojomoku (itemized codes), takafuda (notices on boards), and ofuregaki issued over the 129 years from 1615, when the law system of the bakufu was established, to 1743, were sorted and catalogued by subject to be complied in December 1744, and revised partially in the following year.
- 後西天皇(ごさい てんのう、寛永14年11月16日(1638年1月1日) - 貞享2年2月22日(1685年3月26日)、在位:承応3年11月28日(1655年1月5日) - 寛文3年1月26日(1663年3月5日))は、江戸時代の第111代天皇。
- Emperor Gosai (January 1, 1638 - March 26, 1685), the 111th Emperor, reigned during the Edo period (from January 5, 1655 to March 5, 1663).
- 東山天皇(ひがしやまてんのう、延宝3年9月3日(1675年10月21日) - 宝永6年12月17日(1710年1月16日))は江戸時代の第113代天皇(在位:貞享4年3月25日(1687年5月6日) - 宝永6年6月21日(1709年7月27日)。
- Emperor Higashiyama (October 21, 1675 - January 16, 1710) was the hundred and thirteenth Emperor during Edo period. (his reign was May 6, 1687 - July 27, 1709)
- しかしその後、本願寺門徒と富樫政親は対立するようになり、長享2年(1488年)、政親が一向宗討伐軍を差し向けると、結局政親を自刃に追い込んで自治を行うまでになった(ただし富樫氏一族の富樫正高は一向一揆に同情的で、守護大名として象徴的に居座っている)。
- However, Hongan-ji's Monto and Masachika TOGASHI opposed each other after that, and when Masachika sent a force to subdue Ikko Shu in 1488, they forced Masachika to commit suicide by his sword, and achieved autonomous control (However, Masataka TOGASHI of the Togashi clan showed sympathy for Ikko-Ikki, and he remained Shugo Daimyo symbolically).
- 18世紀以降には、大坂高麗橋付近に住む氏名不詳の商人による元文3年(1738年)の『熊野めぐり』(以下、『めぐり』と略記)、伊丹の酒造家、八尾八佐衛門の家人による延享4年(1747年)の『三熊野参詣道中日記』(以下、『道中日記』と略記)などが見られる。
- As for the diaries about visiting Kumano written after the 18the century, there remain 'Kumano Meguri' (hereinafter quote it as 'Meguri') written in 1738 by a merchant with an unknown name who lived near Korai-bashi Bridge of Osaka and 'San-Kumano Sankei Dochu Nikki' (hereinafter quote it as 'Dochu Nikki') written in 1747 by a retainer of Yazaemon YAO, a brewer of Itami.
- 吉保の4男柳沢経隆は宝永6年(1709年)甲斐国八代郡(現在の山梨市・甲州市)に甲府新田藩1万石を与えられ、享保9年(1724年)越後国蒲原郡黒川(新潟県蒲原郡黒川村 (新潟県北蒲原郡)・現在の新潟県胎内市黒川)で黒川藩1万石の大名になり、幕末まで続いた。
- Tsunetaka YANAGISAWA, the fourth son of Yoshiyasu, was bestowed the Kai Nitta Domain with 10,000 koku in Yashiro gun, Kai Province (the present-day cities of Yamanashi and Kofu) in 1709, then in 1724 became the daimyo of the Kurokawa Domain with 10,000 koku in Kurokawa, Kanbara-gun, Echigo Province (which became Kurokawa Town, Kanbara gun, Niigata Prefecture (Kita Kanbara-gun, Niigata Prefecture) and is currently Kurokawa Tainai-shi City, Niigata Prefecture) and the descendents continued to hold that post until the end of the bakufu.
- 現存最古の大間書は鎌倉時代に書写された長徳2年(996年)の大間書(東洋文庫所蔵岩崎文庫本「塚本文書」)があり、同年と保元4年(1159年)・享徳2年(1453年)・天文 (日本)20年(1551年)の大間書が『群書類従』・『続群書類従』に採録されている。
- As to the oldest existing Omagaki, Omagaki transcribed in 996 during the Kamakura period ('Tsukamoto Monjo' in the Iwasaki Collection possessed by Toyo Bunko (Oriental Library)) exists, and Omagaki created in 996, 1159, 1453 and 1551 were selected and recorded in 'Gunsho ruiju' (Collection of historical documents compiled by Hokiichi HANAWA) and 'Zoku Gunshoruiju' (Collection of historical documents, second series).
- その内訳は、多い順に並べると津田真道29本、西周25本、阪谷素20本、杉享二13本、森有礼と西村茂樹、中村正直が同列で11本、加藤弘之が10本、神田孝平が9本、箕作麟祥5本、柏原孝明4本、福澤諭吉3本、清水卯三郎2本、箕作秋坪と津田仙、柴田昌吉が並んで各1本である。
- Putting them in order from the biggest number, Mamichi TSUDA published 29, Amane NISHI 25, Shiroshi SAKATANI 20, Koji SUGI 13, Arinori MORI, Shigeki NISHIMURA and Masanao NAKAMURA 11, Hiroyuki KATO 10, Takahira KANDA 9, Rinsho MITSUKURI 5, Takaaki KASHIWABARA (柏原孝明) 4, Yukichi FUKUZAWA 3, Usaburo SHIMIZU 2, Shuhei MITSUKURI, Sen TSUDA and Shokichi SHIBATA 1.
- 8代将軍・足利義政は芸術や建築に関しては優れた才覚の持ち主であったものの、政治的関心には乏しく、自然と政治は将軍の正室・日野富子や将軍側近、有力大名らによる権力抗争の場と化し、関東で鎌倉公方の復活を巡って生じた享徳の乱が発生しても、十分な対策を打とうとはしなかった。
- The eighth Shogun, Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, while exceptionally gifted in the arts and in architectural design, had little interest in politics, so it naturally fell to his lawful wife Tomiko HINO, his inner circle of advisors, and the most powerful daimyo to rule and to solve disputes over authority; and upon the outbreak of the Kyotoku Rebellion, in which some sought to revive the fortunes of the Kubo of Kamakura, they failed to respond with sufficient force.
- 鎌倉府が永享の乱で崩壊した直後の永享12年(1440年)、篠川御所足利満直は畠山満泰、畠山持重、石橋左近将監、石橋祐義、蘆名盛信、田村利政らに攻められて殺害されたとの説もあるが石橋氏らの関与は疑問が呈されている(実際に篠川御所を弑したのは石川氏であろうと言われる)。
- There was a theory that, in 1440, just after the downfall of the Kamakura government in the Eikyo War, Mitsunao ASHIKAGA (nicknamed Sasagawa Gosho) was attacked and killed by Mitsuyasu HATAKEYAMA, Mochishige HATAKEYAMA, Sakon no shogen ISHIBASHI, 石橋祐義, Morinobu ASHINA and Toshimasa TAMURA, etc, but questions remain about the Ishibashi clan's involvement (in fact, it is said that the Ishikawa clan killed Sasagawa Gosho).
- 中御門天皇(なかみかどてんのう、 元禄14年12月17日(1702年1月14日) - 元文2年4月11日 (1737年5月10日); 在位:宝永6年6月21日(1709年7月27日) - 享保20年3月21日(1735年4月13日))は、江戸時代の第114代天皇である。
- Emperor Nakamikado (January 14, 1702 - May 10, 1737), his reign was From July 27, 1709 to April 13, 1735, he was the hundred fourteenth Emperor during Edo period.
- 自ら禅籍の講説を行なうことも多く、注釈書や辞書の類を多く著し、その中で『金鞭指街』18において鈴木正三の仁王禅を、『正法眼蔵僣評』(正徳3年(1713年)による道元の『正法眼蔵』中の大慧への言及を、『黄檗外記』(享保5年(1720年))による黄檗宗(隠元)をそれぞれ批判した。
- He often lectured on Zen scriptures and wrote many commentaries and dictionaries; in 'Kinben shigai' vol.18, he criticized Shosan SUZUKI's 仁王禅; in 'Shobogenzo senpyo' (正法眼蔵僣評) (1713), he criticized Dogen's reference to Daiei in 'Shobogenzo' (Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching); in 'Obaku gaiki' (1720), he criticized Obaku Sect (Ingen).
- 2005年放送の「その時歴史が動いた:戦国をひらいた男~北条早雲 56才からの挑戦~」(日本放送協会、ゲスト:小和田哲男静岡大学教授)では、早雲を幕府の高級官僚としているが、年齢については享年88説を採り「大器晩成」として描いている(諸説を検討の結果一般的な説を採用したとのこと)。
- In the documentary, 'Movement of History: The Man that started the Warring States Period - Soun HOJO, Challenge from the age of 56' (NHK, Guest: Tetsuo OWADA, Professor of Shizuoka University), broadcast in 2005, Soun is described as 'a late bloomer' who became a high ranking officer in the Bakufu government and who died at the age of 88 (a generally accepted theory that was adopted after reviewing various theories).
- そのため、慶安元年(1648年)から寛文10年(1670年)にかけて6回もの禁令が出されるなど規制の対象としていたが、享保の改革において商業の統制を図るために組織化された方が望ましいとする方針の下に公認が与えられ、冥加金(上納金)を納める代わりに、販売権の独占などの特権を認められた。
- Thus, the bakufu regulated kabunakama by six interdicts between 1648 and 1670, however, it was officially approved under the policy that such organization was preferable to control the commerce and it was granted special privileges such as exclusive distributorship in exchange for render.
- 後小松天皇(ごこまつてんのう、永和3年/天授3年6月27日(1377年8月1日) - 永享5年10月20日(1433年12月1日))は、室町時代北朝最後の第6代、歴代第100代の天皇(在位永徳2年/弘和2年4月11日(1382年5月24日) - 応永19年8月29日(1412年10月5日))。
- Emperor Gokomatsu (August 1, 1377 - December 1, 1433) was the sixth and last Emperor of the Muromachi period (Northern Court), or the 100th Emperor (his reign was from May 24, 1382 to October 5, 1412).
- 貞享2年の制によれば、全国に44.2万石の城米が備蓄され、江戸城・大坂城・二条城・駿府城と言った幕府直轄の城や譜代諸藩の城、東海道宿駅などの計68ヶ所に分散して備蓄されることになっており、また、延宝元年(1673年)には、幕府が民間の廻船を雇船して城米を指定の備蓄地へ輸送するための専用船(城米積船)とした。
- According to the system of 1685, 442,000 koku (approximately 79.6 million liters of crop yield) of jomai was stocked all over Japan, and it was dispersively stocked in totally 68 places such as castles in the bakufu directly-controlled lands or in fudai domains (the Edo-jo Castle, Osaka-jo Castle, Nijo-jo Castle, Sunpu-jo Castle) or shukueki (post town), and also, in 1673, the bakufu hired private cargo-vessels and used them as dedicated vessels (jomai sekisen) to carry jomai to specified places where jomai was stocked.
- この声明書の中で、「これまでの朝鮮の歴史の悲劇は自分達が招いたことであり、我が国の皇帝陛下と日本天皇陛下に懇願し、朝鮮人も日本人と同じ一等国民の待遇を享受して、政府と社会を発展させようではないか」と、大韓帝国と大日本帝国が新たに一つの政治機関を設立し、大韓帝国と大日本帝国が対等合邦して一つの大帝国を作るように求めた。
- In the statement, it says 'Tragedies in Korean history are our own fault, so we would like to plead to our Emperor and the Emperor of Japan to give Koreans the opportunity to enjoy the same treatment as the first class citizens of Japan. We ask the Japanese to develop our government and society' and suggest the Korean Empire and the Empire of Japan establish a new unified political body together and create a new empire by equal merger of both Empires.
- 定免法や上米の制による幕府財政収入の安定化、新田開発の推進、足高の制の制定等の官僚制度改革、そしてその一環ともいえる大岡忠相の登用、また訴訟のスピードアップのため公事方御定書を制定しての司法制度改革、江戸町火消しを設置しての火事対策、悪化した幕府財政の立て直しなどの改革を図り、江戸三大改革のひとつである享保の改革を行った。
- Yoshimune executed the Kyoho Reforms, one of the three major reforms during the Edo period, by the stabilization of the bakufu's financial revenue by means of a fixed tax rate and agemai (tribute rice) system, the development of new fields, the reform of bureaucratic systems including the tashidaka system (a wage system established by the Edo bakufu), the appointment of Tadasuke OOKA as a part of the reforms, improvement in the administration of justice by establishing the Kujikata Osadamegaki to accelerate judicial hearings, the establishment of measures against fires by installing Edo firefighters, and reforms to the bakufu's worsening finances.
- その者の属する国が、日本国民に対し品種の育成に関してその国の国民と同一の条件に よる保護を認める国(その国の国民に対し日本国が育成者権その他育成者権に関する権利の享有を認めることを条件として日本国民に対し当該保護を認める国を 含む。)であり、かつ、その者の出願品種につき品種の育成に関する保護を認める場合(前二号に掲げる場合を除く。)
- where the state to which the person belongs provides Japanese nationals with the protection on varieties under the same conditions as for its own nationals (including states which provide Japanese nationals with such protection, provided that Japan allows nationals of that state to enjoy a breeder's right and other rights related to a breeder's right) and if the said state provides protection for the plant genus or species to which the person's applied variety belongs (except for the cases prescribed in the preceding two items).
- この法律において「持続可能な利用」とは、現在及び将来の世代の人間が生物の多様性の恵沢を享受するとともに人類の存続の基盤である生物の多様性が将来にわたって維持されるよう、生物その他の生物の多様性の構成要素及び生物の多様性の恵沢の長期的な減少をもたらさない方法(以下「持続可能な方法」という。)により生物の多様性の構成要素を利用することをいう。
- The term 'sustainable use' as used in this Act shall mean using the components of biodiversity by a method that does not cause long-term decrease in organisms and other components of biodiversity and benefits from biodiversity (hereinafter referred to as 'sustainable method') to ensure that current and future-generation human beings can enjoy benefits from biodiversity and that biodiversity, which is a basis of the survival of human beings, will be maintained in the future.
- 実演家は、第九十条の二第一項及び第九十条の三第一項に規定する権利(以下「実演家人格権」という。)並びに第九十一条第一項、第九十二条第一項、第九十二条の二第一項、第九十五条の二第一項及び第九十五条の三第一項に規定する権利並びに第九十四条の二及び第九十五条の三第三項に規定する報酬並びに第九十五条第一項に規定する二次使用料を受ける権利を享有する。
- The performer shall enjoy the rights provided for in Article 90-2, paragraph (1) and Article 90-3, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "moral rights of performer") and the rights provided for in Article 91, paragraph (1), Article 92, paragraph (1), Article 92-2, paragraph (1), Article 95-2, paragraph (1) and Article 95-3, paragraph (1), as well as the right to remuneration provided for in Article 94-2 and Article 95-3, paragraph (3) and secondary use fees as provided for in Article 95, paragraph (1).
- だが、江戸時代中期に入ると形状的・臨時的(例勅使・朝鮮通信使の接待や征夷大将軍の日光社参参詣の供奉など)の両面における財政支出の拡大に加えて享保3年(1718年)以後の米価の低落傾向によって財政難に拍車がかかり、恒常的な借り入れ関係が生じ、更に領内の凶作によって蔵屋敷への年貢米(蔵米)や特産品(蔵物)搬入が減少するなどで売却代金によって返済しきれなくなる事態も生じた。
- However, in the middle of the Edo period, financial spending of domains expanded because there were more formal and special expenses required (for example, receptions of imperial messengers and envoys from Korea, or attendance on the shogun's visit to Nikko to recognize their great ancestor), and their financial difficulty was accelerated because of the declining of rice price in and after 1718.
- 初期に採用された作柄を基準に免を賦課する検見法(検見法にも主に江戸時代初期に行われた畝引検見取法と後に登場した有毛検見取法があり、畝引検見取法でも関東地方を中心とした段取畝引法と上方を中心とした厘取畝引法があった)と享保年間(関東では同7年・上方では9年)以後江戸幕府で採用されて各地に広まった一定期間の免(毛付免)を平均して算出したものを免として賦課する定免法があった。
- The Kemi-ho Method which assessed Men based on the yield, employed in the early Edo period (Kemi-ho is also divided into Sebiki Kemi, which was commonly employed in the early Edo period, and Arige Kemi which appeared later, and Sebiki Kemi is further divided into Dandori Sebiki, which was mainly employed in Kanto region, and Rindori Sebiki, which was common in Kyoto-Osaka area), and the Jomen-ho Method which assesses Men based on the average yield during a certain period, which was adopted by the Edo Shogunate and became wide spread after the Kyoho era.
- 著名な幕政改革であるいわゆる「三大改革」(享保の改革・寛政の改革・天保の改革)は、本来はそれぞれ8代徳川吉宗・11代徳川家斉・12代徳川家慶の「御代始」の一環であり、近年注目されている幕末の安政の改革及び慶応の改革も13代徳川家定・15代徳川慶喜の「御代始」と関連づけられる(もう1つの文久の改革は、孝明天皇勅使の江戸下向との関連であり「御代始」との関連性は無いとされる)。
- The famous reformations of the shogunate government, 'the three biggest reformations' (the Kyoho reform, Kansei Reform, and Tempo Reforms) are part of 'Miyohajime' by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA (8th), Ienari TOKUGAWA (11th), and Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA (12th); the Ansei Reform and the Keio Reform can both be associated with the 'Miyohajime' of Iesada TOKUGAWA (13th) and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (15th) (the Bukyu Reform is thought to be associated with Edo geko, go down to Edo, of the Imperial envoy of Emperor Komei, but not with 'Miyohajime.')
- 貴重書収集・副本作成の作業には天皇自身も深く関与し、その宸筆によって本文・外題が記されたものが多く、蔵書印も後西天皇(「明暦」)・東山天皇(「元禄」)・桜町天皇(「延享」)・後桜町天皇(「明和」)など在位中の元号を用いたものや「皇統文庫」という統一印を用いる例(後西・桜町・孝明天皇)などが使用され、孝明天皇のように「統仁」・「此華」・「天淵」などの独自の蔵書印を作成する天皇もいた。
- Emperors themselves were deeply involved with the collection of the precious books and production of copies, and many of the contents and titles were written by the Shinpitsu (emperor's own handwriting), as for book collection seals, the era names on the throne such as the Emperor Gosai ('Meireki era'), the Emperor Higashiyama ('Genroku era'), the Emperor Gosakuramachi ('Meiwa Era') and so on were used, or unified seal called 'imperial line bunko' was used (for example, the Gosai Emperor, the Sakuramachi Emperor and the Emperor Komei), and some emperors made unique book collection seals such as 'Osahito,' 'Konohana,' 'Tenen' and so on, like the Emperor Komei.
- 海洋については、海洋の開発及び利用が我が国の経済社会の存立の基盤であるとともに、海洋の生物の多様性が確保されることその他の良好な海洋環境が保全されることが人類の存続の基盤であり、かつ、豊かで潤いのある国民生活に不可欠であることにかんがみ、将来にわたり海洋の恵沢を享受できるよう、海洋環境の保全を図りつつ海洋の持続的な開発及び利用を可能とすることを旨として、その積極的な開発及び利用が行われなければならない。
- With regard to the oceans, in consideration of the fact that the development and use of the oceans are the basis of existence for the economy and society of our State, and that securing the marine biological diversity and conserving other better marine environment are the basis of the existence of mankind and also indispensable for prosperous and affluent lives of the citizenry, the positive development and use of the oceans shall be executed, aiming at allowing for the sustainable development and use of the oceans with conservation of marine environment in order to enjoy the benefit of the oceans in the future.
- 国は、沿岸の海域の諸問題がその陸域の諸活動等に起因し、沿岸の海域について施策を講ずることのみでは、沿岸の海域の資源、自然環境等がもたらす恵沢を将来にわたり享受できるようにすることが困難であることにかんがみ、自然的社会的条件からみて一体的に施策が講ぜられることが相当と認められる沿岸の海域及び陸域について、その諸活動に対する規制その他の措置が総合的に講ぜられることにより適切に管理されるよう必要な措置を講ずるものとする。
- The State shall take necessary measures for the coastal sea areas and land areas, where recognized suitable for the measures to be implemented in a unified manner upon the natural and social conditions, to be managed properly, by the regulatory and other measures to the activities implemented in the integrated manner, in consideration of the fact that there are difficulties in keeping on enjoying the benefit brought by the resources, natural environment and others of the coastal sea areas in the future only by implementing the measures with respect to the coastal sea areas when issues in the coastal sea areas are originated by the activities on land.
- 巻1では、日本に儒教が伝来したと当時考えられていた神功皇后期から、徐福・王仁・聖徳太子・粟田真人・吉備真備・菅原道真・義堂周信ら、古代から室町時代における五山文化興隆期を扱い、巻2では、五山文化から薩摩国の儒教文化を興隆させた桂庵玄樹の登場までを扱い、巻3では薩南学派の発展に尽した島津忠良や南浦文之の活躍や江戸時代初期の儒学を扱い、巻4では薩南学派の総本山とされた正龍寺 (指宿市)の歴史や元禄・享保以後の薩摩藩の儒教史を扱っているが未完である。
- Volume 1 deals with the history of Confucianism in Japan from the ancient times to the prosperity stage of Gozan Bunka (culture of the Five Official Temples between the end of the Kamakura Period and the Muromachi Period) such as the age of Empress Jingu which was thought in the author's day to be the time when Confucianism was introduced to Japan, then Jofuku, Wani (Wang In), Prince Shotoku, AWATA no Mahito, KIBI no Makibi, SUGAWARA no Michizane and Shushin Gido, Volume 2 deals with the period from Gozan Bunka to the appearance of Genju KEIAN who brought prosperity to the culture of Confucianism in Satsuma domain, Volume 3 deals with the activity of Tadayoshi SHIMAZU and Bunshi NANPO who tried to develop Satsunangaku school (school of Neo-Confucianism in Satsuma) and Confucianism in early Edo period, and Volume 4 deals with the history of Shoryu-ji Temple (in current Ibusuki City) which was the center of Satsunangaku school and the history of Confucianism in Satsuma domain after the Genroku and the Kyoho Era, but this volume is unfinished.
- 弘長2年(1262年)11月28日 (旧暦) (1263年1月16日〈新暦〉浄土真宗本願寺派・真宗高田派などでは、明治5年11月の改暦(グレゴリオ暦〈新暦〉導入)に合わせて、生歿の日付を新暦に換算し、生誕日を5月21日に、入滅日を1月16日に改めた。真宗大谷派・真宗佛光寺派・真宗興正派などでは、旧暦の日付をそのまま新暦の日付に改めた。)押小路(おしこうじ)南、万里(までの)小路東の「善法院(弟の尋有が院主の坊)」にて、享年90(満89歳)をもって入滅する。
- On January 16th, 1263, he died at the age of 90 (according to the East Asian age reckoning, and 89 in a regular way of counting) in 'Zenpo-in' at Oshikoji Minami and Madenokoji Higashi (his younger brother Jin'u served as a chief monk there).
- 東西それぞれに与力20騎と同心50人が付いていたが、享保年間から元文年間にかけて訴訟の受付と市中警備を担当する番方、闕所された財物の処分を入札監督などを担当する闕所方、制札や各種証明書の発給や宗門改・鉄砲改・浪人改を行う証文方、建築の届出・確認や道路管理などの都市計画を行う新家方、奉行所内外の監察業務を行う目付(後に新家方を統合して目付方とも)、奉行所内の会計・公的な入札業務及び天領の年貢収納を行う勘定方、一般の刑事・行政を扱う公事方、鴨川の管理を行う川方といった担当部門に分離されてそこに与力・同心が配置されるようになる。
- During the Kyoho and Genbun era, 20 yoriki (a police sergeant) and 50 doshin (a police constable), who used to serve for each of the East and West Magistrates, came to be dispatched to separate divisions such as Ban-kata responsible for lawsuit registration and city guard, Kessho-gata responsible for bidding and managing confisticated properties, Shomon-gata responsible for issuing paper bills and various certificates as well as checking the religion, gun-owning and ronin status, Niinomi-gata responsible for urban development including construction registration and checking as well as road management, Metsuke responsible for auditing the Magistrate both internally and externally (later merged with Niinomi-gata to be collectively called Metsuke-gata), Kanjo-gata responsible for the Magistrate's accounting, official bidding and collecting land taxes from the shogunate demesne, Kuji-kata responsible for general criminal investigation and administration, and Kawa-gata responsible for management of the Kamo-gawa River.
- 知的財産の創造、保護及び活用に関する施策の推進は、創造力の豊かな人材が育成され、その創造力が十分に発揮され、技術革新の進展にも対応した知的財産の国内及び国外における迅速かつ適正な保護が図られ、並びに経済社会において知的財産が積極的に活用されつつ、その価値が最大限に発揮されるために必要な環境の整備を行うことにより、広く国民が知的財産の恵沢を享受できる社会を実現するとともに、将来にわたり新たな知的財産の創造がなされる基盤を確立し、もって国民経済の健全な発展及び豊かな文化の創造に寄与するものとなることを旨として、行われなければならない。
- Measures for the creation, protection and exploitation of intellectual property shall be promoted with the objective of realizing a society in which the public can enjoy the benefit of intellectual property and establishing a foundation for the creation of new intellectual property in the future, thereby contributing to the sound development of the national economy and the creation of rich culture, through developing an essential environment to develop human resources that are rich in creativity, effectively exercise such creativity, achieve prompt and appropriate protection of intellectual property in response to the progress in technical innovation at home and abroad, actively exploit intellectual property in the economy and society, and utilize its value to the maximum.
- この法律は、環境基本法(平成五年法律第九十一号)の基本理念にのっとり、生物の多様性の保全及び持続可能な利用について、基本原則を定め、並びに国、地方公共団体、事業者、国民及び民間の団体の責務を明らかにするとともに、生物多様性国家戦略の策定その他の生物の多様性の保全及び持続可能な利用に関する施策の基本となる事項を定めることにより、生物の多様性の保全及び持続可能な利用に関する施策を総合的かつ計画的に推進し、もって豊かな生物の多様性を保全し、その恵沢を将来にわたって享受できる自然と共生する社会の実現を図り、あわせて地球環境の保全に寄与することを目的とする。
- The purpose of this Act is to set fundamental principles for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in line with the basic principle of the Environment Basic Act (Act No. 91 of 1993), to clarify the responsibility of the government, local governments, businesses, citizens and private bodies, and to promote policies for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in a comprehensive and planned manner by developing the National Biodiversity Strategy and prescribing other matters that serve as a basis of policies for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, thereby conserving rich biodiversity, and to aim at realizing a society in coexistence with nature where human beings can continue enjoying benefits therefrom in the future and to contribute to conserving the global environment.
- 日本国民は、正当に選挙された国会における代表者を通じて行動し、われらとわれらの子孫のために、諸国民との協和による成果と、わが国全土にわたつて自由のもたらす恵沢を確保し、政府の行為によつて再び戦争の惨禍が起ることのないやうにすることを決意し、ここに主権が国民に存することを宣言し、この憲法を確定する。そもそも国政は、国民の厳粛な信託によるものであつて、その権威は国民に由来し、その権力は国民の代表者がこれを行使し、その福利は国民がこれを享受する。これは人類普遍の原理であり、この憲法は、かかる原理に基くものである。われらは、これに反する一切の憲法、法令及び詔勅を排除する。
- We, the Japanese people, acting through our duly elected representatives in the National Diet, determined that we shall secure for ourselves and our posterity the fruits of peaceful cooperation with all nations and the blessings of liberty throughout this land, and resolved that never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the action of government, do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do firmly establish this Constitution. Government is a sacred trust of the people, the authority for which is derived from the people, the powers of which are exercised by the representatives of the people, and the benefits of which are enjoyed by the people. This is a universal principle of mankind upon which this Constitution is founded. We reject and revoke all constitutions, laws, ordinances, and rescripts in conflict herewith.