亡: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 滅亡への道
- The way to the fall
- 義仲の滅亡
- The Death of Yoshinaka
- 上洛と滅亡
- Going to the Capital Kyoto and his Downfall
- 空亡の出し方
- The method to derive kubo
- 伊集院氏滅亡
- The decline of the Ijuin clan
- 武衛家の滅亡
- The fall of the Buei family
- 室町幕府滅亡
- The Fall of Muromachi bakufu
- 高一族の滅亡
- The decline of the KO clan.
- 心血管死亡率
- cardiovascular mortality
- 現存する死亡帳
- Existing Shibocho
- 唐滅亡から五代
- From the fall of Tang to the Five Dynasties
- 関ヶ原戦で逃亡
- Escaped from the Battle of Sekigahara
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡
- The downfall of the Kamakura bakufu
- 紀友則(死亡)
- KI no Tomonori (deceased)
- 夫死亡後出家。
- She became a Buddhist nun after the death of her husband.
- 大坂の陣死亡説
- The Theory that Ieyasu Died in the Siege of Osaka Castle
- - 鎌倉幕府滅亡
- The Kamakura bakufu fell.
- 逃亡犯罪人の釈放
- Release of the fugitive
- 逃亡犯罪人の拘禁
- Detention of the fugitive
- detention of fugitive
- 逃亡犯罪人引渡法
- Act of Extradition
- 『足利持氏滅亡記』
- 'Record of the Decline of Mochiuji Ashikaga'
- 河内国大税負死亡帳
- Kawachi-no-kuni Taizeifu-Shibocho
- 備中国大税負死亡帳
- Bitchu-no-kuni Taizeifu-Shibocho
- 壇ノ浦で平家滅亡。
- The Heike family fell in Dannoura.
- 戸主が死亡したとき
- In case of death of a family head
- 2012年人類滅亡説
- 2012 human extinction beliefs
- 2012 doomsday theory
- 六畜の逃亡を占う方法
- The method to divine the escape of Rokuchiku (6 kinds of livestock; horses, cows, sheep, dogs, pigs, and hens)
- 和田合戦で滅亡した。
- The party fell at the Battle of WADA.
- 筒井氏の滅亡とその後
- Destruction of the Tsutsui Clan and the Aftermath
- 源氏の反攻と平氏滅亡
- The Counterattack of the Minamoto clan and the Downfall of the Taira clan
- 誕生から鎌倉幕府滅亡
- From Birth to the Fall of the Kamakura Shogunate
- 宗家滅亡と一族のその後
- Perishing of the head family, and the subsequent history of the family members
- 吉見氏嫡流の隆盛と衰亡
- The Rise and Fall of the Direct Descendants of the Yoshimi Clan
- 別室にいた平間は逃亡。
- HIRAMA, who was in another room, escaped.
- Hirama, who was in a separate room, fled.
- HIRAMA who was in the other room ran away.
- 桐壺更衣亡き後、入内。
- After the death of Kiritsubo no koi, she entered Imperial court.
- ジョン・レノン未亡人。
- The widow of John Lennon.
- 能員暗殺と比企氏の滅亡
- Assassination of Yoshikazu and Fall of the Hiki Clan
- 長岡京跡/延暦九年死亡帳
- Remains of Nagaoka-kyo (the ancient capital of Nagaoka): Shibocho in 790
- Remains of Nagaoka-kyo: Shibocho in 790
- 前九年の役と安倍氏の滅亡
- Zen Kunen no Eki and the Fall the Abe Clan
- モンゴルの興亡と室町幕府
- Rise and Fall of Mongolia, and Muromachi Shogunate
- 朝倉義景 攻められ滅亡。
- Yoshikage ASAKURA was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 三好義継 攻められ滅亡。
- Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 浅井長政 攻められ滅亡。
- Nagamasa ASAI was attacked and killed by Nobunaga.
- 出土した死亡帳(漆紙文書)
- Unearthed Shibocho (lacquer-infiltrating paper documents)
- 秋田城跡/死亡帳16号文書
- Remains of Akita-jo Castle: Shibocho Document No. 16
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡(1333年)
- 1333: The Kamakura bakufu is overthrown.
- この戦いで平氏は滅亡した。
- The Taira clan ended with this battle.
- 慎太郎もまもなく死亡した。
- Shintaro also died soon.
- 亡き按察使大納言の北の方。
- She was the wife of the late Azechi (inspector of the provincial government) Dainagon (a chief councilor of the state).
- 母は三歳のとき亡くなった。
- His mother passed away when he was three.
- これにより江戸氏は滅亡した。
- This meant the downfall of the Edo clan.
- 自立のための戦いから、滅亡へ
- From the battles for the independence to the family destruction
- 1573年 室町幕府が滅亡。
- 1573: The Muromachi bakufu fell.
- 戦乱・逃亡後の荒廃地の収用、
- Expropriation of wastelands after wars and desertion.
- 蘇我本宗家の滅亡と大化の改新
- Fall of the head family of the Soga clan and the Taika Reforms
- 死亡者の田は政府へ収公された。
- Meanwhile, when people died, rice land allotted to the people was confiscated by the government.
- 備中国大税負死亡帳(正倉院蔵)
- Bitchu-no-kuni Taizeifu-Shibocho (record of the dead with unpaid tax in Bitchu Province) (owned by Shoso-in Treasure Repository)
- この逃亡には大きな意味がある。
- This flight left a significant effect.
- 吉田に後送されたが亡くなった。
- He was taken to Yoshida but died.
- 葛西氏滅亡後、伊達家臣となった者
- After the decline of the KASAI clan, those who became retainers of the DATE clan
- ここに源姓土佐吉良氏は滅亡する。
- This led to the fall of the Tosa-Kira clan of the Minamoto family.
- 油小路事件で伊東や藤堂らが死亡。
- Those including ITO and TODO were killed in the Abura-no-koji Incident.
- しかしその頃信長は既に亡かった。
- However, Nobunaga did no exist at that time.
- 当局により武力鎮圧、2名が死亡。
- The authorities suppressed the riot using force, and two internees were killed.
- 河内国大税負死亡帳(天理図書館蔵)
- Kawachi-no-kuni Taizeifu-Shibocho (record of the dead with unpaid tax in Kawachi Province) (owned by Tenri Central Library)
- 1183年 源義仲入京、平家逃亡。
- 1183: MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka entered Kyoto, making the Taira family flee from Kyoto.
- 室町幕府滅亡(元亀4年・1573)
- The Fall of Muromachi Bakufu (1573)
- こうして大内氏は実質的に滅亡した。
- This is how the Ouchi clan virtually ruined.
- 「凡そ亡国の基、之に過ぐべからず。」
- This may ruin the country more than anything else.'
- 人口に対する死亡率は22%に達した。
- The mortality rate reached 22% of its population.
- これによって斯波氏は事実上滅亡した。
- That was in effect the fall the Shiba clan.
- これにより小弓公方は事実上滅亡した。
- This practically put an end to Oyumi-kubo.
- そして、院は、平氏の滅亡を予言する。
- And In makes a prediction for the fall of the Taira clan.
- 彼の亡骸は奈良の般若野に埋葬された。
- His dead body is buried in Hannya-no, Nara.
- 別所長治 攻められ滅亡(三木合戦)。
- Nagaharu BESSHO was attacked and killed (the Battle of Miki).
- 当然死亡率も比較的高かったと思われる。
- Inevitably, the death rate of those criminals received this penalty type could have been high.
- 信長の嫡男織田信忠も二条城で死亡した。
- Nobunaga's legitimate son, Nobutada ODA also died in Nijo-jo Castle.
- 以後滅亡まで幕府はこの方針を堅持した。
- The bakufu continued this policy until it fell.
- 近江大津宮は僅5年余で亡んだ事になる。
- The Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya lasted only a little more than five years.
- 安達時景は飯山に逃亡したが殺害された。
- Tokikage ADACHI escaped to Iiyama, but he was killed there.
- 武田勝頼 攻められ天目山の戦いで滅亡。
- Katsuyori TAKEDA was attacked and killed at the Battle of Tenmokuzan.
- 秋田城司介良岑近は防戦しかねて逃亡した。
- Chikashi YOSHIMINE, the lord of Akita-jo Castle, had difficulty defending the castle and was forced to escape.
- 琉球王国の存亡の機に降臨すると言われる。
- It is said that the god descends when Ryukyu Kingdom is in a fateful crisis.
- 南宋滅亡までの歴史を編年体で簡易に略述。
- It provides a simple chronological summary of historical events up to the downfall of the Southern Song dynasty.
- ここに戦国大名としての阿蘇氏は滅亡した。
- This marked the fall of the Aso clan, the family of warlords.
- 1576年、上杉氏の軍門に下り滅亡した。
- In 1576, the Hatakeyama clan surrendered to the Uesugi clan and was ruined.
- 慶応元年9月1日 (旧暦) 松原忠司死亡
- September 1 1865, Chuji MATSUBARA died.
- 慶応2年4月1日 (旧暦) 谷三十郎死亡
- April 1 1866, Sanjuro TANI died.
- 松永久秀 攻められ信貴山城の戦いで滅亡。
- Hisahide MATSUNAGA was attacked and killed at the Battle of Shigisan Castle.
- ところが、清国軍は、約を違えて逃亡を図る。
- However, the Qing broke the promise and tried to flee.
- 平氏は成す術もなく敗北を繰り返し滅亡する。
- The Taira clan became unable to do anything but lose repeatedly and eventually died out.
- 今日では亡失してしまい見ることはできない。
- Since this book no longer exists, there is no way to confirm its contents.
- みねの月 - 道長の娘藤原寛子が亡くなる。
- Moon Over the Peaks: FUJIWARA no Kanshi, Michinaga's daughter, passes away.
- その後亡夫の供養のため信州の善光寺に参る。
- Then she visited Zenko-ji Temple in Shinshu to hold a memorial service for her deceased husband.
- その他の浪士たちも戦死、逃亡、捕縛された。
- The other roshi died, fled or were arrested.
- この攻撃により、艦長以下59名が死亡した。
- 59 people including the captain lost their lives in this attack.
- 荒木村重 攻められ妻子や城兵を見捨て逃亡。
- Murashige ARAKI was attacked and escaped, abandoning his wife, children and castle garrisons.
- 政元の誤算は義材に逃亡されたことにあった。
- The misjudgment of Masamoto's was the fact that Yoshiki escaped.
- 平維盛が屋島から逃亡し、隠れ住んだと伝わる。
- It has been passed down that Taira no Koremori fled from Yashima and lived here in secret.
- 彼らは足利義稙達を一旦は丹波国に逃亡させた。
- They once made Yoshitane ASHIKAGA and his people flee to Tanba province.
- 精霊船は1年の間に亡くなった人の遺族が流す。
- The Ships of souls are shipped by families who lost a family member within a year.
- 詮直は高水寺城を放棄して大崎氏のもとへ逃亡。
- Akinao abandoned the Kosuiji-jo Castle and escaped to the place where the Osaki clan resided.
- 主家滅亡後は京極高次に仕え、1606年死亡。
- After the fall of the family of his lord (Azai clan), he served Takatsugu KYOGOKU, and died in 1606.
- ある民家で、妻が妊娠中に死亡し、埋葬された。
- At a certain house, a wife dies while she is expecting a baby, and is buried.
- 光源氏亡き後、その面影を継ぐ人はいなかった。
- No one showed signs of Hikaru Genji after his death.
- 「明石」で亡霊として現れ、源氏の苦難を救う。
- In the chapter 'Akashi,' his departed spirit appeared, and helped Genji when he was in distress.
- 714年(和銅7年)、父の安麻呂が亡くなる。
- 714: His father Yasumaro passed away.
- 兄弟は雁の群れに亡き父を慕ったと伝えられる。
- It is said whenever they saw a flight of geese, the brothers longed for their deceased father.
- 660年、百済が新羅と唐に攻められて亡んだ。
- In 660, Kudara (Baekje) was attacked by Shiragi (ancient Korean Kingdom) and Tang and fell.
- 近衛前久(信長に追われて石山本願寺に亡命中。
- Sakihisa KONOE (he had fled from Nobunaga into Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple,
- 中国人クリスチャンは18名が亡くなっている。
- 18 Chinese Christians died.
- しかし渤海側からの遣使は渤海滅亡まで継続した。
- Envoys from Bokkai, however, continued to be sent until the downfall of the empire.
- 「次郎焼亡」(じろうしょうぼう)とも呼ばれる。
- It is also called the 'Jiro shobo'.
- 武田氏滅亡後は武田遺臣として徳川家康に仕える。
- After the fall of the Takeda clan, the members of the clan served under Ieyasu TOKUGAWA as the surviving retainers of the Takeda clan.
- 一方落葉の宮は亡き夫の父致仕大臣に責められる。
- Meanwhile, Ochiba no Miya is blamed by her late husband's father, Chiji no Otodo (Retired Grand Minister).
- 葵の上亡き後も源氏に夕霧を託され、関係は存続。
- Their relationship continued even after the death of Lady Aoi, when Genji requested that he look after Yugiri.
- だが、義豊は里見義堯に討たれて滅亡してしまう。
- However, Yoshitoyo was killed by Yoshitaka SATOMI.
- 全21巻だが第6巻・第21巻は亡失し現存しない。
- In all, the work was in 21 volumes, but Vol. 6 and Vol. 21 were lost and are nonexistent today.
- 優勢な日本海軍の応戦の前に「済遠」は逃亡を図る。
- Facing attacks from the Japanese army holding the upper hand, the Qing warships tried to escape.
- これら主戸が税負担に耐えかねて逃亡(逃戸)した。
- These families could no longer bear the burden of taxes and fled (fleeing families).
- 亡き更衣に生きうつしの彼女は、新たな寵愛を得た。
- She was a perfect replacement for the late Koi and got the affection of the Emperor.
- また、乱で敗北した事により犬懸上杉氏は滅亡した。
- Their defeat in the battle led the Inukake Uesugi clan to die out.
- 国王ゲオルギオス2世 (ギリシャ王)は亡命する。
- King Georgios II (King of Greek) exiled himself.
- この第四牙符は大内氏滅亡後、毛利氏に受け継がれる。
- After the fall of the Ouchi clan, this Gafu numbered four was inherited by the Mori clan.
- 従って政権崩壊の主要因は後継者の死亡との説である。
- According to one theory, therefore, the main reason for the fall of the government was the death of the successor.
- 長宗我部氏支族としての土佐吉良氏も二代で滅亡した。
- Thus, the Tosa-Kira clan, as a branch family of the Chosokabe clan, survived for only two generations, and then fell.
- 主家滅亡の際信長に降伏したが許されず、殺害された。
- At the fall of his lord's family, he appealed his submission to Nobunaga, but his surrender was not accepted and he was killed.
- 首都漢城占領に先立ち朝鮮国王は首都を捨てて逃亡した。
- Before the capital Hansong was occupied, the King of Korea had given up the capital and run away.
- 武田氏の滅亡により甲斐・信濃は織田家臣に分配される。
- As the Takeda clan was ruined, Kai and Shinano were distributed to vassals of the Oda clan.
- 秀康、胤義を討ち取り、亡き三代将軍の遺跡を全うせよ。
- Strike down and capture Hideyasu and Taneyoshi, and fulfill your duty to the remains of the slain third Shogun.
- その後九戸氏は豊臣秀次に一族もろとも斬首されて滅亡。
- After that, all KUNOHE clan were cut off the head and subverted by Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI.
- 死亡時期は、鎌倉時代初期の1210年頃に比定される。
- The year of his death is considered to be the early Kamakura period, about 1210.
- 息子が同志の金を盗んで逃亡したことを恥じて自刃した。
- He committed suicide being ashamed of his son who escaped after stealing his fellows' money.
- 古代の戸籍は死亡帳などとして、正倉院に残されている。
- Family registers from ancient times are left as Shibo-cho (a record of the dead), etc. in the Shosoin Treasure House.
- 孫一は豊臣秀吉のもとに逃亡し、土橋派が主導権を握る。
- Subsequently Magoichi fled to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and the Tsuchibashi group took the initiative of Saikashu.
- しかし、佐々木二等卒、小野寺二等卒は救出後死亡した。
- However, Private Sasaki and Private Onodera died after being rescued.
- しかし、柵戸の生活は厳しく、逃亡するものも多かった。
- However, sakuto lived harsh lives, and many of them got away.
- 夷俘は周辺に火を放ち、出羽守藤原興世も逃亡してしまう。
- The Ifu set fire around the castle, and then even Dewa no Kami (Governor of Dewa Province), FUJIWARA no Okiyo was forced to flee.
- 頼貞未亡人為子の養子となり、頼貞長女宝子とみこと結婚。
- Tsuyoshi became an adopted child of Tameko, the widow of Yorisada; later he married the eldest daughter of Yorisada, Tomiko.
- このため、信隆は北条氏綱の元へと亡命することとなった。
- As a result, Nobutaka fled to Ujitsuna HOJO for shelter.
- 中岡はまだ生きており助けを求めるが、2日後に死亡した。
- Nakaoka was still alive and sought help, but he died two days later.
- 夕霧の愛にとまどい心を閉ざす未亡人落葉の宮の憂いを描く
- The play describes the melancholy of widow, Ochiba no Miya, who is puzzled by Yugiri's love and closes her heart to him.
- この事件で襲撃側では中井庄五郎が死亡、負傷者2-3名。
- During this incident, Shogoro NAKAI died and a few others were injured on the attacker's side.
- だが、高橋房治伍長、紺野市次郎二等卒は救出後死亡した。
- However, Corporal Fusaji TAKAHASHI and Private Ichijiro KONNO died after being rescued.
- 国家に対する内乱罪、外患罪、外国への亡命を起こすこと。
- That included rebellion against the government, high treason and exile abroad.
- 斬りつけた東条景信も落馬し、逃亡、日蓮は難をのがれる。
- After slashing, Kagenobu TOJO himself fell from a horse and ran away, thus Nichiren managed to survive.
- このため,税回避のための浮浪や逃亡,偽籍などが頻発した。
- As a result, vagrancy, escape, false registers and others were prevalent among people for tax avoidance.
- 戦死傷者は38万人、うち死亡者8万7,983人に及んだ。
- Out of the 380,000 casualties, 87,983 soldiers were killed in action.
- 豊臣氏が大坂の陣で滅亡しているため、流通した期間は短い。
- Since the Toyotomi clan was extinguished at the Battle of Osaka, the coins were in circulation for only a short time.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に開始された建武の新政から尊氏が離反する。
- Takauji then turned against the Kemmu Restoration which started after the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) fell.
- また、佐久間盛政は逃亡するものの捕らえられて斬首された。
- Morimasa SAKUMA tried to run away but was captured and decapitated.
- 残っていた僧侶は逃亡し、根来寺はほぼ無抵抗で制圧された。
- The priests who had stayed there escaped and Negoro-ji Temple was taken with almost no resistance.
- 豊臣家の滅亡後、徳川幕府に独立した大名として認められた。
- He was approved as an independent daimyo by the Tokugawa bakufu after the fall of the Toyotomi clan.
- 慶応4年5月30日 (旧暦) 沖田総司、肺結核により死亡
- May 30 1868, Soji OKITA died from tuberculosis.
- 慶応4年5月17日 (旧暦) 原田左之助死亡(異説あり)
- May 17 1868, Sanosuke HARADA died (this is disputed).
- 北の方も次女である中の君を出産した後に亡くなってしまう。
- Even his lawful wife passed away after giving birth to their second daughter, Naka no Kimi.
- このとき、澄元に擁立されていた足利義澄も近江に逃亡した。
- Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA, who was backed up by Sumimoto, also ran away to Omi Province.
- 以後は鎌倉幕府が滅亡したこともあり、唐船の往還は停止した。
- After that Tosen stopped coming and going partly because the Kamakura bakufu fell.
- 古代の律令時代に本貫から逃れて流浪する逃亡とは区別される。
- It is different from the tobo phenomenon of fleeing one's birthplace during the ancient Ritsuryo period.
- そして天正5年(1577年)に失意のうちに死亡したという。
- He is said to have died in 1577 in frustration.
- 明徳2年(1391年)逃亡していた時熙と氏幸が京に戻った。
- In 1391, Tokihiro and Ujiyuki, who were on the run, returned to Kyoto.
- そして、亡き母に似ているという藤壺を殊更に慕うようになる。
- He especially adored Fujitsubo, because she was the very image of his deceased mother.
- 父の帝・母の女御を早くに亡くした後は頼れる後見人もいない。
- After his father emperor and his mother nyogo passed away in his early days, he did not have any guardian whom he could rely on.
- 以後、急速に衰退して天正10年(1582年)の滅亡へ至る。
- Rapidly declining thereafter, it was brought to an end in 1582.
- 政元はこれを破り、義材は周防国の大内義興のもとに逃亡した。
- Masamoto defeated them and Yoshiki ran to Yoshioki OUCHI in Suo Province.
- そして、未完成の新府城に火を放つと、岩殿城目指して逃亡した。
- And then, Katsuyori set the uncompleted Shinpu-jo Castle on fire, and escaped to Iwadonoyama-jo Castle.
- 鎌倉幕府が滅亡した後、天皇親政である建武の新政が開始された。
- After the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, the Kenmu Restoration, which was a direct rule by the emperor, started.
- これによって戦国大名三好氏は滅亡したといっても過言ではない。
- It is not an exaggeration to say that Miyoshi clan as a Sengoku daimyo died out by this incident.
- 晴元はその長慶の勢いを恐れ大津に逃亡し、晴元政権は崩壊した。
- Being afraid of Nagayoshi's power, Harumoto ran away to Otsu, and the Harumoto administration collapsed.
- (上総の土岐氏も秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (The Toki clan in Kazusa Province also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin, the Siege of Odawara, by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was ruined).
- そして、亡き大君を忘れかねる薫は気が進まないながら承諾する。
- Kaoru, who could not forget late Oigimi, reluctantly agreed to it.
- 髭黒太政大臣亡き後の北の方玉鬘 (源氏物語)の奮闘記を描く。
- It describes a struggle of Tamakazura, Kita no kata (the woman living in the north of the house; wife) of Higekuro Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state), after his death.
- 紫の上亡き後の源氏の一年を四季の風物を主として叙情的に描く。
- After the death of lady Murasaki, a whole year of Genji's life is lyrically depicted focusing on scenes and manners of the four seasons.
- 幼い頃から非行を繰り返し、14歳か15歳の頃に父母を亡くす。
- He committed crimes repeatedly from a young age, and he lost his father and mother at the age of 14 or 15.
- 長州藩が第一次幕長戦争に敗北した後に亡命していた高杉は帰藩。
- TAKASUGI who had been in exile returned to Choshu Domain after the domain was defeated in the first Baku-cho War.
- 仁治3年(1242年)、名執権と称された北条泰時が死亡する。
- In 1242, Yasutoki HOJO, who was called excellent regent, died.
- 同年10月、高国らが近江に侵攻し、澄元・之長は阿波に逃亡した。
- In November of the same year, Takakuni's forces invaded Omi, and Sumimoto and Yukinaga fled to Awa.
- 帰国後、実際に住吉社が造営される際には鎌倉幕府は滅亡していた。
- The Kamakura bakufu had fallen when the ship returned home to reconstruct Sumiyoshi-taisha Shrine.
- 時行は鎌倉を保つこと20日程度で逃亡し、諏訪頼重らは自害する。
- Tokiyuki fled from Kamakura 20 days after he occupied it and Yorishige SUWA etc. committed suicide.
- (『梁書』では正始年間(240年 - 249年)に卑弥呼死亡)
- (According to the Book of the Liang Dynasty, Himiko passed away between 240 and 249)
- およそ21万人(軍属を含む)が戦争に参加し、3万人が死亡した。
- Almost 210,000 people (including civilian war workers) participated in the war, of them 30,000 people died.
- 妹尼の亡き娘の婿だった近衛中将が、妻を偲んで小野の庵を訪れる。
- Konoe no chujo (middle captain of the court guards), who was the husband of late daughter of imotoama, visited the hermitage at Ono in remembrance of his wife.
- 蜘蛛のふるまひ - 関白藤原頼通は、嫡子道房を流行病で亡くす。
- The Spider's Behavior: Chancellor FUJIWARA no Yorimichi loses his heir, Michifusa, due to an epidemic.
- 秋の夕暮れ、夕霧 (源氏物語)は柏木の未亡人落葉宮を見舞った。
- One autumn evening, Yugiri (The Tale of Genji) visited Kashiwagi's widow, Ochiba no miya.
- 『愚管抄』では頼家殺害と景時滅亡の因果関係を強く指摘している。
- 'Gukansho' (Jottings of a Fool) clearly pointed out the causal relationship between the killing of Yoriie and the downfall of Kagetoki.
- そして6月10日、澄元も最終的に逃亡した阿波勝瑞城で病死した。
- On June 10, Sumimoto died of illness at the Awa Shozui-jo Castle, where he finally reached.
- それは清朝滅亡のカウントダウンが開始されたことと同義であった。
- This meant that the countdown to the fall of the Qing dynasty had begun.
- この事件で、日本人1人、朝鮮人数人が死亡、負傷者多数にのぼった。
- One Japanese and one Korean were killed and many injured in the incident.
- 戦国大名としての大内氏はこの時点で滅亡してしまった(防長経略)。
- Ouchi clan as a daimyo in the Sengoku period had fallen at this time (a conquest of Bocho).
- 戦国大名としての今川氏は桶狭間の戦いから、わずか8年で滅亡した。
- The Imagawa clan as daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) fell mere eight years after the Battle of Okehazama.
- 尼子氏滅亡に際しては山中幸盛の首級が鞆に届けられ実検が行われた。
- At the downfall of the Amago clan, the decapitated head of Yukimori YAMANAKA was delivered to Tomo for inspection.
- 亡くなった先の北の方との間には二人の姫君(大君、中の君)がいた。
- He has two daughters (Oigimi (older sister) and Naka no Kimi) by his lost lawful wife.
- 龍馬はまず額を深く斬られ、奮戦するもののそれが原因ですぐに死亡。
- Ryoma's forehead was first severely slashed, and in spite of his brave fighting he died immediately because of this slash.
- 平氏政権が滅亡した後の鎌倉時代には日中間の正式な国交はなかった。
- There was no official diplomacy between Japan and China in the Kamakura period after the fall of the Heike government.
- また飛鳥時代には百済の滅亡により亡命貴族が日本を頼って渡来した。
- Exiling nobles came over to Japan because of the fall of Baekje during the Asuka period.
- 晴元とその晴元に擁立されていた将軍・足利義輝は近江国に逃亡した。
- Harumoto and the shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA who was backed up by Harumoto ran away to the Omi Province.
- 1185年(文治元年) - 平家が滅亡する(敵対武家勢力の消滅)。
- 1185 - Taira clan were destroyed (the disappearance of the opposing samurai family force).
- 大島城(下伊那郡松川町)での抗戦は不可能とし、大島城から逃亡する。
- They determined that a resistance at Oshima-jo Castle (Matsukawa-machi, Shimoina-gun), was impossible, and escaped from Oshima-jo Castle.
- 山崎城に詰めていた摂津国守護薬師寺国長は高槻城に逃亡してしまった。
- Kuninaga YAKUSHIJI, Shugo of Settsu Province, who had been at Yamazakijo Castle fled to Takatsukijo Castle.
- これにより清和源氏新羅三郎義光以来の名門甲斐武田氏嫡流は滅亡した。
- As a result of these battles, the distinguished Kai-Takeda clan of the direct descendants of Shinra-Saburo Yoshimitsu of the Seiwa Genji lineage became extinct.
- 玄宗は蜀に逃亡、皇太子の亨が朔方節度使を頼り、粛宗 (唐)となる。
- Xuanzong fled to Shu, Crown Prince Heng sought help from the setsudoshi of Shuofang, and the reign of Suzong (Tang) began.
- 越中国では木舟城が地震で倒壊、城主前田秀継夫妻など多数が死亡した。
- In Ecchu Province, the Kifune-jo Castle collapsed due to the earthquake, and the castellan Hidetsugu MAEDA, his wife and others died.
- 周辺の国々では上総氏や三浦氏(和田氏)など有力在庁官人が滅亡した。
- Powerful local officials, including the Kazusa and Miura clans (Wada clan), were defeated in the neighboring provinces.
- なお、これによって実質的に大内家は滅亡したとする見解も有力である。
- Meanwhile, there is a popular view that the Ouchi clan would have substantially fallen by this revolt.
- 幕府滅亡後の1335年に北条時行らが起した中先代の乱にも参加する。
- In 1335, after the fall of bakufu, the clan participated in the Nakasendai War launched by Tokiyuki HOJO.
- 跡継ぎだった兄柏木 (源氏物語)亡き後、一族の大黒柱となっている。
- After the death of his older brother Kashiwagi, who was a successor to his father, he has been a chief support of the family.
- 後くゐの大将 - 道長の子、内大臣藤原教通が妻を亡くして悲嘆する。
- The Major Captain's Regrets: FUJIWARA no Norimichi, the minister of the palace and the son of Michinaga, grieved at his wife's death.
- 唐の成立(618年)から滅亡まで(907年)について書かれている。
- It recounts the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty (618 -907).
- そのため、新選組隊士の死亡原因第1位は切腹であったと言われている。
- Therefore, it is said that the top reason for death of a Shinsen-gumi was due to hara-kiri.
- 一方都では太政大臣(元右大臣)が亡くなり、弘徽殿女御も病に倒れた。
- Meanwhile, at the capital, the Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state) (who was the former Udaijin [Minister of the Right]) died and Empress Kokiden fell sick.
- 父の前坊が亡くなった後、母と共に内裏を去り、六条の邸宅にて育った。
- After her father, Zenbo, died, she left the court with her mother and was brought up in a mansion in Rokujo.
- この際に救出された山口少佐も病院に収容されたが2月2日に死亡した。
- Major Yamaguchi, who was also rescued then, was taken to a hospital and died on February 2.
- かつては、大人達が行い、それによって死亡者・負傷者が続出していた。
- In the past, adults did ishi-gassen and it resulted in a number of dead and injured one after another.
- 逃亡犯罪人は、前項の審査に関し、弁護士の補佐を受けることができる。
- The fugitive may obtain the assistance of counsel in relation to the examination provided for in paragraph (1) above.
- 逃亡犯罪人を引き渡すことができる場合に該当するときは、その旨の決定
- When the case is one in which the fugitive can be extradited, a decision shall be rendered to that effect.
- 尼子側は前年に晴久が亡くなっており、息子の尼子義久が跡を継いでいた。
- On the Amago side Haruhisa died in the previous year and was succeeded by his son Yoshihisa AMAGO.
- 陸軍とは対照的に麦飯を用いた海軍では、脚気死亡者がほとんどなかった。
- In stark contrast to the Army, the Navy which rationed its sailors rice with barley had almost no deaths due to beriberi.
- 道灌の死後、扇谷上杉氏の衰亡と共に、江戸城は後北条氏の支城となった。
- After the death of Dokan and the collapse of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi clan, the Edo Castle was taken over by the Gohojo clan and used as its subsidiary castle.
- いずれにしても『甲陽軍鑑』が記載の長坂・跡部逃亡説は史実に反する)。
- In any case, the theory in 'Koyo Gunkan' (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family, compiled by one of the Takeda vassals, and completed in 1616 by Kagenori OBATA) that claims that Nagasaka and Atobe escaped violates a historical fact).
- 大坂の役では豊臣方につき本家は滅亡したが、庶流が後に大庄屋と成った。
- Although the head family of the Kojima clan took sides with Toyotomi and perished in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka), later its branch family became the head of a large village.
- まともな戦闘能力を失った大内義長は内藤隆世の守る長門国且山城に逃亡。
- Yoshinaga OUCHI, who had lost decent fighting capability, fled into Katsuyama-jo Castle in Nagato Province which was protected by Takayo NAITO.
- 1590年(天正18年)、豊臣秀吉による小田原の役で後北条氏が滅亡。
- In 1590, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI defeated the Go-Hojo clan in the Odawara no Eki (the Siege of Odawara).
- やがて織田信長と天下を巡って争うが、1573年戦い利あらず滅亡する。
- Then, the Asakura clan struggled with Nobunaga ODA for tenka (the realm), but it was defeated and ruined in 1573.
- 幕府内部では高一族の滅亡後も直義派と反直義派との対立構造は存在した。
- Even after the decline of the Ko clan, there was conflict between the Tadayoshi group and the anti-Tadayoshi group within the bakufu.
- その後、中の君の勧めにより今も亡き大君の面影を追う薫の愛人となった。
- Thereafter, at Naka no kimi's suggestion, she became the mistress of Kaoru, who was still recalling the image of deceased Oikimi.
- 晩秋源氏は見舞いに訪れるが、尼君はそれから間もなく亡くなってしまう。
- In late autumn, Genji called on the nun to inquire after her health, but she passed away before long.
- 年明けて女三の宮は男の子(薫)を生み、柏木は病篤くして間も亡くなる。
- Early in the new year, Onna San no Miya gives birth to a baby boy (Kaoru), while Kashiwagi, who was in a critical condition, passes away.
- ところが、補訂を進めるうちに天皇が亡くなり、私撰集として完成させた。
- Emperor Nijo passed away, however, while Kiyosuke was still revising the anthology, so he completed it as a personal collection of poetry.
- 新選組側は宮川信吉と舟津釜太郎が死亡、重傷1名、負傷者3名を出した。
- Shinsengumi lost Nobukichi MIYAGAWA and Kamataro FUNAZU, and four others were injured, including one seriously.
- ただ、引用書の大半が亡佚してしまった今となっては、資料的価値が高い。
- Still, now that most of these quoted books have been lost, it has a high value as historical material.
- 結局、家宣未亡人の天英院の裁定により、吉宗が8代将軍として就任した。
- Yoshimune became the 8th shogun by judgment of the widow of Ienobu, Tenei-in.
- 逃亡犯罪人を引き渡すことができない場合に該当するときは、その旨の決定
- When the case is one in which the fugitive cannot be extradited, a decision shall be rendered to that effect.
- その前後から負担に苦しむ農民の浮浪や逃亡がふえ、社会不安が表面化した。
- Around that time, however, vagrancy and defection of heavily-burdened farmers increased and social unease came to the surface.
- 尼子氏滅亡後、出雲国では山中幸盛らによる尼子再興軍の活動が活発化した。
- After the Amago clan collapesed, the army for restoring the Amago clan headed by those including Yukimori YAMANAKA began to operate actively in Izumo Province.
- 室町幕府が滅亡した1573年から、徳川政権が確立するまでの時代を指す。
- The Momoyama period refers to the period that ranged from when the Muromachi bakufu fell in A.D. 1573, to when the Tokugawa bakufu was established.
- 唐は黄巣の乱によって致命傷を受け、形骸のみを残して、実質上は滅亡した。
- The Tang Dynasty got a fatal wound from the Huang Chao Rebellion, and even though it still had the outward appearance of being in power, it had, in reality, already fallen.
- なお直勝は亡父の官名・兵部少輔を世襲、3万石として安中藩藩主となった。
- In addition, Naokatsu had succeeded Hyobu shoyu, his late father's official name of a government office, and became the lord of the Annaka Domain with 30, 000 koku (approximately 5.4 million liters of crop yield).
- 高信が寺に入ると門を閉ざし、これを討ったため、因幡の武田氏は滅亡した。
- When Takanobu entered the temple, the Yamana clan closed the gate and killed him, and the Takeda clan in Inaba was extinguished.
- 元弘3年(1333年)、六波羅探題は足利尊氏によって攻められ滅亡する。
- In 1333, Rokuhara tandai was attacked by Takauji ASHIKAGA and collapsed.
- 大量の餓死者は発生もちろんのこと、土地を捨てて逃亡する農民が多数発生。
- Not only did many people starve to death, but also a large number of farmers fled from their homes.
- 一部の人物の死亡記事に簡単な略伝を付し、これは後続の史書に踏襲された。
- The brief biographies were added to some of the obituaries, and this style was followed by the succeeding history books.
- 垣間見た浮舟が亡き大君に似ていることに驚き、弁の尼に仲立ちを願い出た。
- He was surprised to find that Ukifune, whom he caught a glimpse of, looked like late Oigimi, and asked Ben no Ama to act as an intermediary between them.
- 幼少の頃、源氏に見出されて養育され、葵の上亡き後、事実上の正妻となる。
- When she was a child she was discovered and brought up by Genji, but after the death of Aoi no Ue she becomes a virtual wife of Genji.
- 「匂宮」巻以降は源氏の亡き後、光源氏・頭中将の子孫たちのその後を記す。
- After the chapter of 'Nioumiya,' it deals with the life of the offspring of Hikaru Genji and Tono chujo (the first secretary to the captain).
- (朝廷には吉備武彦を遣わして報告させ、自らは能褒野の地で亡くなった。)
- (He sent KIBI no Takehiko to the Imperial court to make reports, and he himself passed away at Nobono.)
- 仏足石歌は、大和時代・奈良時代に見られるが、平安時代に入ると衰亡した。
- Bussokusekika were created during the Yamato and Nara periods, but lost popularity and disappeared during the Heian period.
- そのため、この敗戦が徳川幕府滅亡をほぼ決定付けたとする資料も見られる。
- Some materials argue that the defeat in this war was the final blow that led to the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
- 殆んどの御内人は鎌倉幕府滅亡時に、北条一族とともに滅亡するか没落した。
- When the Kamakura bakufu collapsed, most of Miuchibito also were destroyed or fell with the Hojo family.
- 頼家の外戚として権勢を誇った比企一族は、たった一日で滅亡してしまった。
- The Hiki family who exerted power as Yoriie's maternal relative was destroyed only in one day.
- 波多野秀治 近畿攻略軍の明智光秀に屈し降伏、処刑され、一族は滅亡する。
- Hideharu HATANO surrendered to Mitsuhide AKECHI, the leader of the Kinki district attacking force and was executed; the HATANO clan were all killed.
- 明らかに逃亡犯罪人を引き渡すことができない場合に該当すると認めるとき。
- When it is deemed to be a case in which the fugitive clearly cannot be extradited.
- これは、使者が途中で死亡したことや渡航の危険を理由として説明されている。
- It is explained that the failures were due to the death of the envoys or the necessary voyages were dangerous.
- 逃亡の際、家宝の旗・楯無鎧を塩山(甲州市)の寺社に隠し、難を逃れさせた。
- Katsuyori hid family treasures (a suit of armor called 'tatenashi yoroi' and a flag) in a temple in Enzan (in Koshu City) to protect them from damage.
- 後に、長時の三男の貞慶が徳川家康に仕えて武田氏の滅亡後に旧領に復帰する。
- Later, Sadayoshi, the third son of Nagatoki, served Ieyasu Tokugawa and regained the former territory after the fall of the Takada clan.
- 弘治2年(1556年)毛利元就は陶晴賢亡き後の大内領への侵攻を開始した。
- In 1556, Motonari MORI started to invade into the territory of Ouchi family.
- 北条氏滅亡後、松田氏は交渉をしていた前田氏に4,000石で召抱えられた。
- After the fall of the Hojo clan, the Matsuda clan was employed for 4,000 koku (crop yield) by the Maeda clan that they were negotiating with.
- 完全に孤軍となった浅井氏の父子は自害して果て、浅井氏は滅亡したのである。
- Completely left unsupported, the father and son of the Azai clan killed themselves, and the Azai clan died out.
- 万寿元年(1024年)には姉が二女を残して亡くなり、なお物語に耽読した。
- In 1024, her older sister passed away, leaving the second daughter behind, and she was absorbed in reading more than ever.
- 浮舟の不安をよそに、彼女に亡き大君の姿を映し見る薫は、大君を偲んでいた。
- Despite her anxiety, he saw the late Okimi in her and cherished the memory of Oikimi.
- 後ろ楯を亡くしたまま、女房として院に仕え続けるが、雪の曙との関係も続く。
- Despite losing her support she continues to serve the Cloistered Emperor as a lady-in-waiting, while also continuing her relationship with 'Snow Dawn.'
- しかし鎌倉は奥州追討に乗り出し、逃亡した泰衡は家人に裏切られ殺害された。
- However, the Kamakura side launched the operation of Oshu Pursuit, and although Yasuhira escaped, a member of his close retainers betrayed and killed him.
- 翌年、太政大臣(頭中将と葵の上の父)が亡くなり、その後も天変が相次いだ。
- The next year, the Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state, the father of To no Chujo and Lady Aoi) passes away, and then a series of natural disasters came one after another.
- が、邸宅が火事で焼亡したことを契機に宇治の山荘に姫君たちと共に隠棲した。
- However, he took the opportunity when he lost his residence in a fire and retreated into a mountain villa in Uji with his princesses and lived in seclusion.
- 715年(和銅8)五月、逃亡三ヶ月以上の浮浪人に、逃亡地で調庸を課する。
- In May 715, choyo was levied on vagrants who had been running from their duties for more than three months at the place to which they had fled.
- フェノロサはロンドン滞在中に亡くなったが、園城寺(三井寺)に埋葬された。
- Although Fenollosa died in London, he was laid to rest in Onjo-ji Temple (also known as Mii-dera Temple).
- 工事は鎌倉幕府滅亡の前年にあたる元弘2年(1332年)まで行われている。
- The construction continued until 1332, one year before the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- それから乗り込んだ家に火薬を仕込み灯油をまいて放火して金剛山へ逃亡した。
- After the killing spree was over, they set gunpowder, scattered oil and set fire to the houses they broke in, and made their escape to Mt. Kongo.
- 小弓公方の滅亡により、北条氏の南関東における覇権確立の基礎が固められた。
- The end of Oyumi-kubo enabled the Hojo clan to strengthen its base and establish its supremacy in southern Kanto region.
- 石田氏滅亡の後、徳川四天王の一人である井伊直政がこの地に封ぜられ入城した。
- After the annihilation of the Ishida clan, Naomasa II, one of the Four Heavenly Guardians of the Tokugawa clan, was sent to clamp down on the area, and occupied the castle.
- 907年、朱全忠により禅譲劇が行われ、唐は完全滅亡、五代十国時代へと入る。
- An orderly succession by Quanzhong ZHU took place in 907, Tang fell completely, and the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms began.
- 天正10年(1582年)3月、織田信長が行った武田征伐により武田氏は滅亡。
- In April 1582, the Takeda clan fell due to subjugation of Takeda done by Nobunaga ODA.
- この戦いで義昭が信長に敗れて京都から追放され、実質的に室町幕府は滅亡した。
- Yoshiaki lost the battle and was expelled from Kyoto, leading to the virtual downfall of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 奥州藤原氏の滅亡後、鎌倉幕府は関東の武士を送り込んで陸奥・出羽を支配した。
- After the destruction of the Oshu-Fujiwara clan, Kamakura bakufu took over the Mutsu and Dewa provinces by sending samurai into the Kanto region.
- 亡くなったのは8月14日 (旧暦)で、亡骸はその日のうちに荼毘に付された。
- She died on August 14 (old lunar calendar), and her remains were cremated on the same day.
- 八坂系諸本は、平家四代の滅亡に終わる、いわゆる「断絶平家」十二巻本である。
- The books of the Yasaka version are what is called 12 volumes of 'Danzetsu Heike' (extinguishing the Taira family), which ends with the downfall of the Taira family after four-generation.
- 訃報を知った姫君たちは、父の亡骸との対面を望むが、阿闍梨に厳しく断られる。
- The princesses, who are told about the death of their father, hoped to see his remains, but Ajari (a master in esoteric Buddhism; a high priest) refuses their request absolutely.
- 穂積皇子は、幸いにも持統崩御後に太政大臣に出世したが、若くして亡くなった。
- Imperial Prince Hozumi was fortunate enough to have climbed the ranks to Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister) after Empress Jito's death; however, he died young.
- 判官の亡くなった後、弟の助重が領地を継ぎ、遊行寺に満重と家来の墓を建てた。
- After Ogurihangan passed away, his younger brother Sukeshige took over the territory and bulit the tombs for Mitsushige and his retainers in Yugyo-ji Temple.
- 直ちに川継を捕らえるため勅使が派遣されるが、川継はいち早く逃亡してしまう。
- Immediately after the confession, the Imperial envoy was sent to capture Kawatsugu, however, Kawatsugu was already gone.
- 細川政元の死とその後の2年間の亡命生活は実如にとっては大きな打撃であった。
- The death of Masamoto HOSOKAWA and the following two years of exile caused big damage to Jitsunyo.
- 連年の激しい戦いによって高麗滅亡直前には倭寇を大きく抑えこむことに成功した。
- The dynasty succeeded in controlling the activities of wako to a large degree by winning fierce battles against them for years before the demise of the dynasty.
- 当初萩原兼従は豊国神社 (京都市)の社務職となるが、豊臣家の滅亡により失職。
- At the beginning, Kaneyori HAGIWARA became a clerical worker of Toyokuni-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City), but he lost his job because of demise of the Toyotomi family.
- 楚王の夢 - 同じく藤原嬉子も皇子(後冷泉天皇)出産後のひだち悪く亡くなる。
- The Dream of the King of Chu: FUJIWARA no Kishi, also his daughter, passed away after having done poorly since the birth of her son (Emperor Go-Reizei).
- 太政大臣は妻を亡くし、母親の違う四人の子供たちをすべて引取って養育している。
- The wife of Dajodaijin (Grand Minister of State) passed away, and he was taking care of all of his four children, who had different mothers.
- 天正2年(1574年)、京都より追放され、備後鞆の浦に亡命政府(幕府)樹立。
- In 1574 he was exiled from Kyoto and built a government in exile (Shogunate) at Tomo no Ura in Bingo Province.
- 葵の上亡き後、光源氏の正室ではないが、源氏の妻たちの中では、最も寵愛される。
- Genji favored her the most among his wives and ladies after the death of Lady Aoi, although she was not his lawful wife.
- 夕霧が落葉を弄んだと誤解、かねてからの病とその心痛から恨みの歌を遺して死亡。
- She mistakenly believed that Yugiri seduced Ochiba, and died due to an illness she had long suffered from compounded by sheer anguish due to this misbelief, leaving behind a poem of resentment.
- 「亡君の意思を継いで主が仇を討とうというのは比類なき忠義のことだとは思う。」
- It was incredibly faithful of them to carry out their lord's will and avenge him.'
- また、義昭の合流についても、義昭出奔を粛正を恐れた単なる逃亡と見る説もある。
- Similarly, concerning the participation of Yoshiaki, there is a theory that regards the running away of Yoshiaki as a mere escape in fear of purge.
- 大内氏が滅亡した後の第二次では毛利元就がこの戦いを開始し、尼子氏を滅亡させた。
- After the fall of the Ouchi clan, Motonari MORI started the second battle and destroyed the Amago clan.
- 幕府軍は5月22日、北条高時ら北条一門は東勝寺において滅亡した(東勝寺合戦)。
- On May 22 the bakufu army fell, and the HOJO family, including Takatoki HOJO, fell at Toshoji-Temple (Toshoji Gassen (Tosho-ji War)).
- 西晋が滅亡した後も南北朝時代 (中国)の諸王朝によって律令が制定・公布された。
- After the downfall of the Western Jin Dynasty, each dynasty in China during the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties proclaimed and enacted Luli of its own.
- 美術史上の区分では、豊臣家が滅亡した1615年までを桃山時代とすることが多い。
- From the perspective of art history, the Momoyama period is commonly deemed to have lasted until A.D. 1615, when the Toyotomi family fell.
- これにより石橋塩松氏は滅亡し、以降塩松氏というと大内氏のことをさすことになる。
- By this, the Ishibashi-Shionomatsu clan ended and the Shionomatsu clan after that meant the Ouchi clan.
- しかし、京都の幕府の介入で禅秀は滅亡し、信満は鎌倉府から討伐を受け、自害する。
- However, Zenshu was defeated because of the intervention by bakufu of Kyoto, and Nobumitsu was subjugated by Kamakurafu and committed suicide.
- 元力士の山田藤吉は客を龍馬に会わせようとするが後から斬られた(1日後に死亡)。
- Tokichi YAMADA, a former sumo wrestler, was about to show the visitor and his companions when he was attacked from behind (he died the next day).
- 落武者(おちむしゃ)とは、戦乱において敗者として生き延び、逃亡する武士のこと。
- An ochimusha is a samurai of a defeated army who survives and flees from the war.
- 当時、課税の対象だった百姓らの逃亡・浮浪が著しく、租税収入に危機が迫っていた。
- In those days, peasants on whom tax was imposed frequently ran away and wandered about, which lowered tax yields.
- 生まれてすぐに母を亡くし(「葵」)、祖母の大宮 (源氏物語)の邸で育てられる。
- Soon after he was born, he lost his mother ('Aoi'), and he was brought up at his grandmother Omiya's residence.
- 柏木の未亡人落葉の宮は、母一条御息所の病気加持のために小野の山荘に移っていた。
- Kashiwagi's widow, Ochiba no miya, has moved to a mountain villa at Ono in order to chant an incantation to cure an illness of her mother, Ichijo no Miyasudokoro.
- その席で玉鬘は薫が弾く和琴の音色が亡父頭中将や亡兄柏木に似ていることに気付く。
- At that time, Tamakazura realized that the sound of wagon (Japanese harp) which Kaoru was playing was similar to that by her deceased father, Tono Chujo (the first secretary's captain), and her deceased older brother, Kashiwagi (The Oak Tree).
- 執筆の内容はさまざまであるが、中心には土佐国で亡くなった愛娘を思う心情である。
- The contents of the writing are diverse, but he gave particular emphasis to his love for his daughter, who passed away in Tosa Province.
- 鳥羽伏見の戦いで敗れて江戸へ逃げ帰り「敵前逃亡」と敵味方から大きく非難された。
- When he lost the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and retreated to Edo, his enemies highly criticized him for 'running away in the face of the enemy'.
- いずれも亡国の憂いを抱き、権利の回復運動に進もうとするかれらの交情が描かれる。
- The story develops around the friendship among those three, who were grieving over their circumstances of being on exile, and trying to restore their rights.
- 高国・尹賢は桂川で迎え撃つが敗れ、将軍義晴を擁して近江坂本に逃亡(桂川の戦い)。
- Takakuni and Tadakata attacked their forces at the Katsura-gawa River but they were defeated and fled to Sakamoto in Omi with shogun Yoshiharu (The Battle of Katsura-gawa River).
- そこは前年の太郎焼亡で焼け残った地域とも重なっており、人々に甚大な衝撃を与えた。
- It was the same area that was burned during the Taro shobo in the previous year and this shocked the people.
- 元は荘園に逃れてその隷属下に入って荘民化した浮浪・逃亡であったと考えられている。
- Originally, it was thought to indicate the landless or exiles who escaped into shoen and became enslaved.
- 倭国は、百済滅亡で多くの百済難民を受け入れるとともに、唐・新羅との対立を深めた。
- Wakoku took in numerous Kudara refugees after its fall, but at the same time hostility between Wakoku and Tang-Silla escalated.
- 同日土橋平丞は長宗我部元親を頼って船で土佐へ逃亡し、湊衆も船で脱出しようとした。
- On the same day, Heinojo DOBASHI escaped to Tosa Province by ship, relying on Motochika CHOSOKABE, and Minato shu also tried to escape by ship.
- 前九年の役で一旦滅亡したが、その子孫を称する人々が現れ繁栄して現在に至っている。
- The Abe clan fell at one time due to Zen Kunen no Eki, but those who claimed themselves as the descendants of the Abe clan have appeared, prospered, and lived to this day.
- しかし、天正10年(1582年)に長治の弟の十河存保に攻められて自刃し滅亡した。
- However, he was attacked by Masayasu SOGO, the younger brother of Nagaharu, and died by jijin (commit suicide with one's sword) in 1582.
- 様々な説が唱えられており、有名な説の一つに梅毒によって死亡したというものがある。
- There are various views on the cause of his death; one of them was that he died of syphilis.
- このため、足利義晴・義輝父子は細川晴元とともに京都を再び追われて近江に逃亡した。
- Because of this, Yoshiharu and Yoshiteru were driven out from Kyoto to Omi Province along with Harumoto HOSOKAWA.
- ちなみに且元は戦後、4万石に加増されたが、豊臣氏滅亡から20日後に死去している。
- Katsumoto received additional crop yield that made his territory 40,000 koku in total after the war, but died 20 days after the downfall of the Toyotomi.
- この蘇我氏本宗家滅亡事件をこの年の干支にちなんで乙巳の変(いっしのへん)という。
- This incident (the fall of the head family of the Soga clan) is referred to as Isshi-no-hen after the Oriental Zodiac, because this is the year that it happened.
- この他にも親などの死亡時に与えられる喪假や私用を理由とした私假などが与えられる。
- There were also other holidays, such as 喪假 (moka), condolence holidays for mourning the death of parents and 私假 (shika), private holidays for private matters.
- 3人となりしばらく留まるなかで、及川篤三郎が危篤となり手当ての甲斐なく死亡した。
- Tokusaburo OIKAWA fell into critical condition and died in spite of the treatment he received while the three of them stayed with him.
- 手紙などのほか古代の戸籍制度・暦・計帳・死亡帳など当時の公文書も見つかっている。
- Other than letters, official documents of the time, such as ancient family registration system, calendar, keicho (the yearly tax registers), and Shibo-cho (record of the dead), were found.
- それぞれの下段に、「去年9月7日」「今年6月10日」などの死亡月日が付されている。
- A date of death such as 'September 7 of the previous year,' 'June 10 of this year' or the like was described under each of the above descriptions.
- 琉球王国は明(1644年滅亡)の冊封を受け東アジア諸国との交易により繁栄していた。
- The Ryukyu Kingdom was in a sakukfu relationship with the Ming Dynasty (that fell in 1644), and trade with East Asian countries flourished amongst the islands.
- が、この氏朝の代に豊臣秀吉の小田原攻めによる後北条氏の滅亡に遭い、庇護者を失った。
- However, the Gohojo clan fell at the invasion of Odawara by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI during the Ujitomo's period, and Ujitomo lost his patron.
- その体制化として三男・足利義嗣の天皇即位を目指したがその前に義満の死亡で挫折する。
- To systematize Yoshimitsu's ambition, he aimed to ascend Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA, his third boy, to the Emperor; however, Yoshimitsu died before consummating his scheme which ended in failure.
- 907年(延喜7)には唐が滅亡し、遣唐使は再開されないままその歴史に幕を下ろした。
- In 907, the Tang Dynasty perished and this brought an end to Japanese missions to Tang China.
- またパークスは、徳川慶喜が外国に亡命することも万国公法上は問題ないと話したという。
- Additionally, Parkes informed the officers of International Law allowing for Yoshinobu's asylum in a foreign nation.
- これを深く嘆く帝を慰めるために亡き更衣生きうつしの藤壺が入内し、新たな寵愛を得る。
- In order to console the deeply grieving Emperor, Fujitsubo, who looks exactly like the late Koi, is sent to the Imperial court and wins the Emperor's favor.
- 崇徳は如意山へと逃亡するが、気力を失い、ここまでしたがってきた為義たちとも別れる。
- Sutoku flees to Mt. Nyoisan, but he loses his energy there, parting from Tameyoshi and the others who had followed him until then.
- そのため、官人となって各地を転々とし最後に石見国で亡くなったとみられることも多い。
- Therefore, it is largely thought that he became an official, was transferred to one office after another and finally died in Iwami Province.
- 10月下旬に劉永福が大陸に逃亡、日本軍が台南を占領したことで台湾民主国は崩壊した。
- At the end of October, Yung-fu LIU fled to the continent and the Japanese army occupied Tainan, which events marked the collapse of the Republic of Formosa.
- 大久保利通亡き後、明治政府はいつ立憲体制に移行するかという疑問が持ち上がっていた。
- After the death of Toshimichi OKUBO, there was a dispute among the government regarding transitional period to constitutional government system.
- 薩摩藩脱藩の美玉三平(寺田屋事件で逃亡)は北垣と連携し、農兵の組織化を図っていた。
- Ex-Satsuma samurai Sanpei MITAMA (who had escaped from the Teradaya Incident) cooperated with Kitagaki in organizing an army of conscripted farmers.
- なお、近江朝廷が滅亡した672年(壬申の乱)に近江令が廃止されたとする意見がある。
- There is an opinion that Omi-Ryo was abolished when Omi Court was destroyed in 672 (in the Jinshin War).
- しかしながらこの政変はあくまでも蝦夷を嫡流とする蘇我氏宗本家の滅亡だけを意味する。
- The political turmoil merely signified the decimation of the main branch of the Soga clan whose members were direct descendents of Emishi.
- 原文は全巻亡失しているが、『弘仁格抄』(後述)によってその篇目が知ることが出来る。
- Although the original volumes were all lost, the volume titles are listed in the 'Koninkyaku-sho' (Extracts of the Konin-Kyaku Code, listed below).
- 戦いに敗れた細川澄元は実家の阿波に逃亡し再起を図り、三好之長に擁立され抵抗を続けた。
- Having lost the battle, Sumimoto HOSOKAWA fled to Awa where his parents lived and continued to resist with the support of Yukinaga MIYOSHI, aiming at recovery.
- そして花隈城花隈城の戦いへと続いていき、ここでも敗れると毛利氏のもとに亡命していく。
- Then, the battle of Hanakuma-jo Castle was conducted and he was defeated again here and exiled himself to the territory of the Mori clan.
- さらに渤海国が遼によって滅亡(926年)したのち施設は衰え、鎌倉時代の頃に消失した。
- After the collapse of the Balhae Kingdom under the Liao dynasty in 926, Korokan had gone into steady decline to fade out from history around the Kamakura period.
- 天正15年(1587年)に公広が戸田勝隆に殺害されるに及んで伊予西園寺氏は滅亡した。
- In 1587, Kinhiro was killed by Katsutaka TODA and the Iyo-Saionji clan was perished.
- 1590年に関東平定中の豊臣軍によって居城を囲まれると自害して果て、同氏は滅亡した。
- In 1590 when his castle was besieged by the army of Toyotomi, which was then in the course of the suppression of Kanto, he committed suicide and the clan extinguished.
- しかし、勝頼期には領国の動揺を招いて宗家は滅亡し、江戸時代にはわずかに庶家が残った。
- In the era of Katsuyori, however, the head family was extinguished due to the disturbance inside the territory, and only the illegitimate branch families were in existence during the Edo period.
- 1333年(元弘3年/正慶2年)、鎌倉は新田義貞らの攻撃で陥落し、北条氏は滅亡する。
- Kamakura was occupied by Yoshisada NITTA in 1333 and the Hojo clan fell.
- ここに江戸幕府は事実上「滅亡」し、家康以来続いた260余年の支配に終止符が打たれた。
- This virtually marked the end of the Edo Shogunate which lasted for over 260 years.
- 今上帝 (源氏物語)は、母女御を亡くし後見人もいない女二宮を託したい旨を薫に告げる。
- The present Emperor Kinjo no Mikado told Kaoru that he wanted Kaoru to look after Onnaninomiya, who lost her mother and had no guardian.
- その死後、賀茂川の橋の下に実方の亡霊が出没すると言う噂が流れたことが枕草子に見える。
- Makura no Soshi (The Pillow Book) tells of the legend that after his death, Sanekata's spirit came to haunt the area underneath the bridge over the Kamo-gawa river.
- 一方で更衣の遺児は帝のもとで育てられ、亡き母に似るという藤壺をことに慕うようになる。
- The child of the late Koi is brought up under the protection of the Emperor, and comes to love Fujitsubo, who is said to look like his lost mother.
- 一方、いったんは勝者となった義朝も清盛に敗北、逃亡中に長田忠致に裏切られて殺される。
- Meanwhile, Yoshitomo, who was once victorious, is defeated by Kiyomori, betrayed and killed by Tadamune OSADA while on the run.
- それで南の方へ回り込んだが、イツセは紀伊国の男之水門に着いた所で亡くなってしまった。
- So they moved toward the South, but Itsuse died when they arrived at Onominato in Kii Province.
- 山背大兄王は斑鳩寺に戻り、王子とともに自殺して聖徳太子の血をひく上宮王家は滅亡した。
- After returning to Ikaruga-dera Temple, Prince Yamashiro no Oe committed suicide with his children which led to the fall of Jogu Oke by leaving no descendants of Prince Shotoku.
- 雑賀衆 信長に攻められ滅亡寸前に追い込まれるが、本能寺の変によって九死に一生を得た。
- Saiga shu was attacked and almost killed completely by Nobunaga but barely escaped due to the Honnoji Incident.
- 清貫は陽明門から、希世は修明門から車で秘かに外に運び出されたが、希世も程なく死亡した。
- Secretly, Kiyotsura's body was carried from the Palace through the Yomei-mon Gate on a vehicle, and Mareyo was through the Shumei-mon Gate on a vehicle, but he died soon afterwards.
- 本人はすでに死亡しており影武者を使って生きているように見せかけていると唱える者もいる。
- Some people allege that while he is actually already dead, they are disguising the kagemusha as Kim Jong-il.
- また、大内氏の滅亡後には石見国を巡って毛利氏と尼子氏が熾烈な争いを続けることとなった。
- After the fall of the Ouchi clan, the Mori clan continued to have a devastating conflict with the Amago clan over Iwami Province.
- 天文 (元号)4年(1535年)には、資元は自刃して果てたため、少弐氏は一時滅亡した。
- After Sukemoto was killed himself in 1535, the clan temporarily collapsed.
- しかし、光秀に勝利した羽柴秀吉・丹羽長秀によって自害を命じられ、若狭武田氏は滅亡した。
- However, he was ordered to kill himself by Hideyoshi HASHIBA and Nagahide NIWA who defeated Mitsuhide, and the Wakasa-Takeda clan extinguished.
- 関ヶ原の戦いにおいて三成が敗れたことにより逃亡、細川忠興に追い討ちをかけられ自害した。
- However, Shigekatsu who escaped when Mitsunari was defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara, was pursued and attacked by Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and subsequently killed himself.
- 『雨月物語』に含まれる小説「白峰」は、保元の乱に敗れた崇徳上皇の亡霊を題材にした怪談。
- Shiramine,' a story in 'Ugetsu Monogatari' (Tales of Moonlight and Rain), is a supernatural tale about the ghost of the retired Emperor Sutoku, who was defeated in the Hogen Disturbance.
- これは、滅亡時の百済王が独立して、かつ正当に統治していた国家の領土とほぼ一致している。
- This almost corresponded to the territory of the nation which King Baekje had reigned independently and legitimately when Baekje was subverted.
- 劣勢に陥り、兵の多くが逃亡した持氏は相模国海老名市まで退き、更に鎌倉へ落ちようとした。
- Mochiuji, falling into an unfavorable situation and many of his troops running away, withdrew into Ebina City of the Sagami Province and was further going to flee to Kamakura.
- 数日後、皮肉にも頼家が病から回復、舅の比企一族の滅亡と一幡、若狭局の死を知り激怒した。
- Ironically Yoriie recovered from illness a few days later and became furious to know the fall of his father-in-law's clan as well as the death of Ichiman and Wakasa no Tsubone.
- 永正17年(1520年)1月になると山城国で土一揆が起こるなどして遂に近江に逃亡する。
- In January 1520, a peasants' uprising occurred in the Yamashiro Province and Takakuni eventually ran away to the Omi Province.
- 「脱亜論」の5ヶ月後に掲載された論説に、「朝鮮人民のためにその国の滅亡を賀す」がある。
- An editorial called 'Chosen Jinmin no Tameni Sono Kuni no Metsubo o Gasu' (Celebrate the destruction of the country for Korean people) published five months after the 'Datsu-A Ron.'
- 第六章から第十九章と同じく、陰陽道における基礎知識である空亡の出し方の解説となっている。
- Like the case of Chapters 6 to 19, kubo, one of the types of fundamental knowledge of Onmyodo, is explained in this chapter.
- 奥州藤原氏滅亡時、平泉には陸奥、出羽の省帳、田文などの行政文書の写しが多数あったという。
- It is said that there were many copies of administrative documents, such as shocho (account books or registers managed by central administrative offices) concerning Mutsu and Dewa Provinces and tabumi (registers of areas or ownerships of rice fields), left in Hiraizumi at the end of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- しかし慶長20年(1615年)の大坂夏の陣で豊臣宗家が滅亡して以降は用いられなくなった。
- However, it had not been used after the destruction of the head family of TOYOTOMI in Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka) in 1615.
- 元(王朝)の侵攻による南宋の圧迫と滅亡から、禅宗の知識人が日本に渡ってくることがあった。
- After the oppression and eventual collapse of the Southern Song dynasty due to the invasion of the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty to the north, Zen Buddhist intellectuals began to cross over to Japan.
- 「日本文徳天皇実録(略称・文徳実録)」の編纂にも関与したが、完成する前に亡くなっている。
- He participated in the compilation and editing of the 'Nihon montoku tenno jitsuroku' (Record of the Reign of Emperor Montoku of Japan, usually shortened to Montoku Jitsuroku), but died before the work was complete.
- 長保2年(1000年)に中宮定子が出産時に亡くなってまもなく、清少納言は宮仕えを辞めた。
- In 1000, soon after Empress Teishi passed away in childbirth, Sei Shonagon abandoned her service at the Imperial Court.
- 石夫の実父(養父の兄)は内務官僚であったが、安濃郡長(島根県)の時に若くして亡くなった。
- Iwao's natural father (elder brother of foster father) was a bureaucrat at the Ministry of Interior but died young when he was the chief of Ano county (Shimane Prefecture).
- シュネルは逃亡、渡航した日本人は取り残されたが、詳しい消息が判明しているものはごく僅か。
- Schnell fled, leaving the Japanese immigrants, and very little news about them was ever to emerge.
- 井伊家の側は直弼以外に8人が死亡(即死者4人、後に死亡した者4人)し、13人が負傷した。
- From the Ii family, eight people died in addition to Naosuke (four died immediately while another four died later), and 13 people were injured.
- 9日、義雅が逃亡して幕府軍に降服し、播磨国の国人の多くも赤松氏を見放して逃げてしまった。
- On October 3rd, Yoshimasa ran away and surrendered to the army of bakufu and many of local lords in the Harima Province turned their back on the Akamatsu clan and ran way.
- また清国留学生たちも「インドや琉球はすでに亡国となり、イギリスと日本の奴隷となっている。
- Also, the students from Qing lamented, saying, 'India and Okinawa have already been lost countries, being slaves of Britain and Japan.
- 忠親は後白河院や源頼朝に重用され、日記の現存期間は平氏の興隆から全盛、滅亡の時期にあたる。
- Tadachika was given important posts by Goshirakawa-in (the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa) and MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, and the diary's existent period stretches from the Taira clan's rise, through its golden days, to its fall.
- 2月28日、木曾義昌に敗北した武田勝頼は諏訪での反抗を放棄し、新府城(韮崎市)に逃亡した。
- On February 28, 1582, Katsuyori TAKEDA defeated by Yoshimasa KISO abandoned resistance at Suwa, and escaped to Shinpu-jo Castle (Nirasaki City).
- 1333年(元弘3年/正慶2年)に鎌倉幕府が滅亡に至るまでの一連の戦乱を含めることも多い。
- References to Genko no Ran often include a series of conflicts fought until the fall of the Kamakura Bakufu (shogunate government) in 1333.
- 死亡帳(しぼうちょう)とは古代の律令制度の下で、造籍と造籍の間に毎年作成される帳簿のこと。
- Shibocho refers to a register which was created annually between the times of having new family registers under the ancient Ritsuryo system.
- 追捕官符とは、同じく捕亡令に基づくもので、逃亡した者を追捕することを命ずる太政官符である。
- Tsuibu kanpu was a Daijokanpu (official document issued by Daijokan, Grand Council of State) that ordered the capture of criminals who had fled, based on the same bumo-ryo code.
- しかし、義宗は越後国村松郷で関東管領の上杉憲顕の軍に敗れて戦死し、新田氏本宗家は滅亡した。
- However, Yoshimune was defeated at Muramatsu-go, Echigo Province by the army of the Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), Noriaki UESUGI, and was killed in the battle, which resulted in the fall of the head family of the Nitta clan.
- 元賢の弟の松田元脩は備中に逃れ(一説には因幡の山名豊国に仕えたという)、松田氏は滅亡した。
- Motokata's brother Motonaga fled to Bicchu (one theory is that he served for Toyokuni YAMANA in Inaba), and the Matsuda clan was destroyed.
- 武田氏は宗家が滅亡しているため家伝文書が散逸しており写本や影印本のみで知られるものも多い。
- As the head family of the Takeda clan was already extinguished, many of its ancestral documents were scattered and lost and only their manuscripts or eiinbon (a reproduction of a manuscript) are in existence.
- 豊臣家の滅亡後、長益は隠居し、四男織田長政 (大名)と五男織田尚長に各1万石を分け与えた。
- After the fall of the Toyotomi clan, Nagamasu retired and gave 10,000 koku to Nagamasa ODA (daimyo), the fourth son, and Naonaga ODA, the fifth son.
- 巻名は、中の君が詠んだ和歌「この春は誰にか見せむ 亡き人の形見に摘める 嶺の早蕨」に因む。
- The chapter title derives from the following verse by Naka no kimi: 'And to whom shall I show these early ferns from the mountain, plucked. In remembrance of one who is no more?'
- 常陸宮と呼ばれるれっきとした皇族の一人娘だが、後ろ盾である父親を早くに亡くし困窮していた。
- She was the only daughter of Prince Hitachi, one of the descended Imperial Family members, but she lost her father, who could have been her supporter, so was in hard straits.
- 源氏亡き後は六条院を出て、朱雀院から譲られた三条宮で余生を送る姿が「宇治十帖」に登場する。
- After Genji passes away, she appears in the 'Uji Jujo' (The Ten Books of Uji), in which she has left the Rokujo-in estate and spends her remaining years at the Sanjo mansion that Emperor Suzaku had left to her.
- これを村岡は「家康こと元信の亡き数正に対する意趣返しではないのであろうか」と推定している。
- MURAOKA suggests that Motonobu may have exacted this punishment in revenge for the late Kazumasa.
- 16世紀中ごろの大内氏の滅亡で日明貿易は終焉を迎え、明も海禁政策をとるようになっていった。
- After the destruction of the Ouchi clan in the middle of 16th century, the trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China came to an end and Ming also enacted a policy to prohibit trade.
- すぐに平野らが救助したが、月照は死亡し、西郷は運良く蘇生したが、回復に一ヶ月近くかかった。
- Hirano rescued them quickly, but Gesshu had already died; luckily Saigo survived but it took him a month to recover.
- また武士を招集しながら派遣しなかったことは「有れども亡きがごとき沙汰」と厳しく批判している。
- Moreover, he criticized 'although there are, it is same as nothing' for not sending samurai who had been summoned.
- 戸籍において、新たに受田資格を得た者に対して田が班給されるとともに、死亡者の田は収公された。
- Based on the family register, rice land was allotted to the people who had newly obtained the qualifications for receiving rice land, while rice land was confiscated from people who had died.
- 無礼討のために刀を抜いたが、相手に逃亡された場合なども武士の不名誉とされ処罰の対象であった。
- When a warrior pulled his sword out for Bureiuchi but the offender ran away, the warrior was punished because his deed was considered a warrior's dishonor.
- 伊東司令長官は、鹵獲艦船の中から商船康済号を外し、丁汝昌提督の亡骸を最大の礼遇を以て扱った。
- ITO, commander-in-chief, did not seize the merchant vessel and treated his body as courteously as possible.
- この郷安は、もとは六角氏の家臣であったが、六角氏が滅亡した後、氏郷の家臣となった人物である。
- Satoyasu had originally been a vassal of the Rokkaku clan, but became a vassal of Ujisato when the Rokkaku clan fell.
- 日本史関係の書籍やテレビ番組などでは「大坂夏の陣で豊臣氏は滅亡した」と説明されることが多い。
- In books and TV programs related to Japanese history, it is often explained that 'the Toyotomi clan became downfallen in Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka no Eki).
- その退却中に織田軍の猛追を受けた上に、越前の本領まで攻め込まれて滅亡した(一乗谷城の戦い)。
- On the way of the withdrawal, the Asakura's auxiliary forces were heavily chased by the Oda's army, and the Oda army finally invaded into the Asakura's territory in Echizen Province, and destroyed the Asakura clan (the Battle of Ichijodani Castle).
- 慶長20年(1615年)の大坂の役の際に、秀頼と国松は死亡し、大名家としての羽柴直系は断絶。
- Due to the death of Hideyori and Kunimatsu in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) in 1615, the direct line of the Hashiba family as Daimyo family was extinguished.
- 逃亡していた師仲は、神鏡を手土産に六波羅に出頭するが処罰は厳しく、下野国への配流が決定した。
- Moronaka, who had fled, returned and brought the Sacred Mirror back to Rokuhara as a gift, yet his punishment remained severe; he was exiled to Shimotsuke Province.
- 平井備前入道も恭順して嘆願すべきであり、さもなくば朝敵となり御家滅亡になると義弘を説得した。
- Bizen Nyudo HIRAI also argued along the same lines, trying to persuade Yoshihiro that he should re-swear his allegiance and appeal to the Shogun's good graces, for if he did not he would be declared an enemy of the Imperial Court and his whole family would be destroyed.
- 亡父観阿弥の教えをもとに、世阿弥自身が会得した芸道の視点からの解釈を加えた著述になっている。
- On the basis of the lessons given by the deceased father, Kanami, Zeami added to this book his own interpretation from a standpoint of the art he acquired himself.
- 髭黒太政大臣亡き後、玉鬘は遺された三男二女を抱え、零落した家を復興させんと躍起になっていた。
- After Higekuro Daijo-daijin passed away, Tamakazura was left with her three sons and two daughters, and tried to restore her ruined family.
- 後世の注釈によれば、捨子を拾って育てた場合や譜第の下人の逃亡などを念頭に置いたものとされる。
- According to the later annotation, this takes a case of taking in and raising an abandoned child, and an escape of hereditary genin (manservant) into account.
- 幕府滅亡の勲功第一とされ、後醍醐天皇の諱・尊治(たかはる)の御一字を賜り、名を尊氏に改める。
- His achievements were evaluated by Emperor Go-Daigo, and he was awarded the letter (尊), which came from the emperor's real name Takaharu (尊治), so he changed the letter in his name from '高氏' to '尊氏'.
- その頃母御息所はすでに病床についており、源氏に斎宮の後見を言い置いて亡くなった(「澪標」)。
- Her mother, Miyasudokoro, was ill in bed at that time and died after requesting that Genji become guardian of the Saigu ('Miotsukushi').
- 白村江の戦いで国を失った百済の扶余豊璋は、その後高句麗へ亡命していたが、捕らえられ幽閉された。
- Fuyo Hosho of Kudara, who lost his kingdom in the Battle of Hakusukinoe, defected to Koguryo, but was captured and imprisoned.
- また、光圀は日本へ亡命した明朝遺臣である朱舜水を招聘し、彼らより歴史の正統性の意味を諭された。
- Mitsukuni also invited SHU Shunsui, a surviving retainer from the Ming Dynasty, who had exiled himself in Japan, and Mitsukuni learned the meaning of historical orthodoxy from him.
- 越後国守藤原為時の娘で、母は摂津国守藤原為信女であるが、紫式部の幼少期に母を亡くしたとされる。
- She was a daughter of FUJIWARA no Tametoki, governor of Echigo Province, and her mother was a daughter of FUJIWARA no Tamenobu from Settsu Province, but she lost her mother when she was little.
- 一時は信長を追いつめもしたが、やがて信長によって京都から追放され、事実上、室町幕府は滅亡した。
- He was able to get Nobunaga into a corner once, but later he was exiled from Kyoto by Nobunaga; this was the de facto end of Muromachi Shogunate.
- 芝神明町は、母庸が若くして亡くなった後、紅葉を育てた医者の祖父荒木舜庵の家があった場所である。
- Shibashinmei-cho is a place where his grandfather and doctor Shunan ARAKI lived who raised Koyo after his mother died young.
- 大伯父僧都によると母親が亡くなって10余年たち、北山に病気療養に来ていた光源氏に垣間見られる。
- According to her great-uncle, Sozu, ten years had passed since her mother's death before she was found by Hikaru Genji, who had visited Kitayama to receive medical treatment
- 一方で、宋銭の大量流入による物価高騰や、唐朝滅亡以来の異国に対する社会不安なども起こっている。
- On the other hand, such measures caused price increase by the huge influx of Sung currency and social anxiety against foreign countries since the fall of Tang Dynasty.
- 南宋との経済交流は蒙古襲来(元寇)へも影響し、南宋の滅亡後も延長として日元貿易が行われている。
- Japan's economic exchange with Southern Sung affected the Mongolian invasion attempts against Japan, and the trade between Japan and Yuan Dynasty was done even after the fall of Southern Dynasty as the extension of the trade.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後においても、江戸幕府が武家諸法度を制定するまで、武士の基本法として機能し続けた。
- After the fall of Kamakura bakufu, it continued to work as the fundamental law of samurai until Edo bakufu established Buke shohatto (Laws for the Military Houses).
- 平氏政権の崩壊後も鎌倉幕府は民間貿易を認め、13世紀の南宋が滅亡する直前まで日宋貿易は続いた。
- After the collapse of the Taira clan government, the Kamakura Bakufu approved trade with Sung by ordinary citizens and trade between Japan and Sung continued just before the Southern Sung Dynasty was overthrown in the 13th century.
- 武器と戦闘様式から見ても、平安時代から鎌倉時代、鎌倉幕府の滅亡までの間ではそう大きな変化は無い。
- There were no big transformations of weapons and battle formations from the Heian to the Kamakura period and the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 同日、飯田城城主保科正直は城を捨てて高遠城へと逃亡した。(後に投降して戦後に高遠城主となった)。
- On the same day, Masanao HOSHINA, lord of Iida-jo Castle, abandoned the castle, and escaped to Takato-jo Castle (he surrendered thereafter, and became a lord of Takato-jo Castle).
- 上﨟塚砦にいた中西新八郎大将と宮脇平四郎副将に荒木村重の逃亡の事実を巧みに使い寝返りに成功した。
- The fact of Murashige ARAKI's escape was used tactfully to convince Shinpachiro NAKANISHI, the general, and Heishiro MIYAWAKI, the adjutant general, who were in Fort Jorozuka and he succeeded in convincing them to change sides.
- 旧幕臣・福地源一郎は、著書『幕府衰亡論』の中で「江戸開城をもって江戸幕府は滅亡した」としている。
- Genichiro FUKUCHI, one of the former Shogunate retainers, concluded in his book 'Bakufu Suibo Ron' (The Theory of Shogunate's Decline and Fall) that the surrender of Edo Castle marked the collapse of the Edo Shogunate.
- しかし、1657年に明暦の大火が起こると江戸の町は大部分が焼亡し、江戸城天守も炎上してしまった。
- However, most of the city including the tenshu (tower) of Edo Castle was destroyed during the Great Fire of Meireki in 1657.
- この結果高野山は滅亡を免れ、太閤検地終了後の天正19年(1591年)に一万石の所領を安堵された。
- As a result, Koyasan escaped from destruction and was provided authorization for 10,000 koku (approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield) land ownership and guaranteeing feudal tenure in 1591 after finishing Taiko-kenchi (the land survey by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI).
- 安元3年(1177年)4月には、大内裏・大極殿・官庁の全てが全焼する大火が発生した(太郎焼亡)。
- In April 1177, a great fire (called 'the Great Fire of the Angen era' or 'Taro (a common name for a first son) Fire') broke out and completely burned the Daidairi (Heian Imperial Palace), Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) and Kancho (government offices).
- やがて、蓮如が寛正の法難によって大谷本願寺を延暦寺によって破壊されると、堅田に逃亡する事になる。
- When Otani Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed by Enryaku-ji Temple in the religious persecution in the Kansei Era, Rennyo fled to Katata.
- 数年前に娘を亡くした妹尼は、浮舟を初瀬観音からの授かりものと喜び、実の娘のように手厚く看護した。
- Imotoama, who lost a daughter a few years before, thought Ukifune as the gift of Hatsuse kannon (the goddess of kannon at the Hatsuse-dera Tempe) and nursed her warmly.
- 長谷川等伯が祥雲寺障壁画(現・智積院襖絵)を完成させた頃、息子の久蔵が26歳の若さで亡くなった。
- When Tohaku HASEGAWA completed the wall painting formerly at Shoun-ji Temple (currently the painting on the fusuma sliding doors at the Chishakuin Temple), his son Kyuzo died young at the age of 26.
- 早くに父親を亡くしたが、父の遺言を受けた母北の方の尽力により、一族再興の期待を背負って入内した。
- Although she lost her father at an early age, she entered the Imperial court, placed with her family's hope for restoration, and her mother, who followed her husband's will, tried hard to get her into the court.
- しかし、このため世代交代がうまく行かず、結局亡国の憂き目にあった大名家も多くいるとする説がある。
- However, some think that because of this, many daimyo families experienced difficulty in the transition of power to the next generation and in the end encountered hardships of losing the territory.
- 外国ではなく山沢に逃亡し(亡命山沢)、官吏に呼ばれても帰らないときには、謀叛と同じ扱いになった。
- Those who fled to mountain valleys (mountain valley flight) instead of foreign countries, and did not come back after being called by a government official, were treated the same as those involved in scheme of disobedience.
- このため、組織的な抵抗もほとんどできなかった義隆は、8月29日に山口を放棄して長門国に逃亡する。
- Thus, Yoshitaka who could scarcely made not systematic resistance, gave up Yamaguchi and escaped to Nagato Province on August 29.
- 原文は全巻亡失おり、九条家本『延喜式』(現在国宝、東京国立博物館所蔵)の紙背文書に偶々遺された。
- The original 'Konin-shiki' volumes were since lost, but some of it's texts were on the back of the pages in the Kujo family's copy of the 'Engi-shiki' (which was declared a national treasure and is currently stored at the Tokyo National Museum).
- 姓、戸主、死亡者名、年齢、区分、死亡月日の一連の情報がわかるものとしては秋田城跡の例が最初である。
- Shibocho unearthed from the Remains of Akita-jo Castle was the first one showing a series of information such as Kabane (hereditary title), head of Ko (smallest social organization unit in provincial administration), name of deceased person, age, classification, and date of death.
- 義朝と行動を共にした源重成・季実も滅亡の運命を辿り、ここに後白河院政派は事実上壊滅することになる。
- Orders to eliminate MINAMOTO no Shigenari and Hidezane, who had acted in tandem with Yoshitomo, followed in due course, and with their deaths, the Goshirakawa Insei faction had effectively been destroyed.
- 元治元年6月5日 (旧暦) 池田屋事件 安藤早太郎、新田革左衛門ら負傷し1ヵ月後死亡、奥沢栄助戦死
- June 5, 1864, in the Ikedaya Incident Sotaro ANDO, Kakuzaemon NITTA and others were injured and died 1month later, and Eisuke OKUSAWA died in action.
- しかし信忠は光秀軍は包囲検問をしているだろうからと逃亡をあきらめて、守りに向かない妙覚寺を離れた。
- However, Nobutada judged that Mitsuhide's troop must have surrounded and were executing inspection and gave up to run away and left the Myokaku-ji Temple which was not suitable for defense.
- 敦道親王が亡くなった後の、喪に服している一年の間(寛弘5年、1008年)に書かれたと言われている。
- It is believed that this work was written in 1008, during the one-year mourning period for Imperial Prince Atsumichi.
- 天皇・廷臣の死亡記事に短い伝記(薨伝)を付けたことは『続日本紀』にならい、後続の史書と同じである。
- As was the case with 'Shoku-Nihongi,' short biographies called koden were added to the obituaries of the emperors and retainers of the Imperial Court, which was the same approach seen in the subsequent history books.
- このときの将軍就任式は亡命先の近江坂本で行なわれ、元服の烏帽子親は六角定頼が務めた(初名・義藤)。
- His investiture ceremony was held at Sakamoto, Omi Province, where he had been exiled, and his Eboshi oya Sadayori ROKKAKU gave him the adult name Yoshifuji in his coming-of-age ceremony (Genpuku).
- 同年11月14日、濱口雄幸内閣総理大臣は右翼団体員に東京駅で狙撃されて重傷(翌年8月26日死亡)。
- In November 14, 1930, the Prime Minister Osachi HAMAGUCHI was sniped by a member of the right-wing group at Tokyo Station and severely injured (then died in August 26, 1931.)
- 残った開化派人士、及び亡命者も含めた彼らの家族らも概ね三親等までの近親者が残忍な方法で処刑された。
- The rest of the sophisticated people of the Progressive Party and the third-degree relatives of them and the exiles in general were executed in a cruel way.
- 開化派による新政権はわずか3日で崩壊し、計画の中心人物だった金玉均らは日本へ亡命することとなった。
- New government by the Progressive Party collapsed within only three days, and the key figures of the plan such as Ok-gyun KIM went into exile to Japan.
- 稲目の代になると、過去に大臣を出していた葛城氏や平群氏は既に本宗家の滅亡により勢いをなくしていた。
- The Katsuragi and Heguri clans, whose members served as ministers in the past, had lost their respective influence by Iname's generation due to the demise of the main branches of their clans.
- これにより、司令官オスマン・パシャをはじめとする587名が死亡または行方不明になる大惨事となった。
- This led to a catastrophic incident that 587 people including the commander Osman Pasha missed or lost.
- この法律において「逃亡犯罪人」とは、引渡犯罪について請求国の刑事に関する手続が行なわれた者をいう。
- As used in this Act, the 'fugitive' means a person against whom the requesting country has implemented criminal procedures for the requested offense.
- しかしこの計画は幕府内の反対にあい計画は頓挫し、以後幕府滅亡まで通信使来日の計画はのぼらなくなった。
- However, this plan was opposed within the bakufu and failed, and after this, no plan to invite Tsushinshi was compiled until the bakufu system became extinct.
- しかし、同年に本能寺の変が起って信長が死んだため、後ろ盾を失った孫一は雑賀を逃亡し、豊臣秀吉を頼る。
- However, in the same year (1582) Nobunaga was killed in the Honnoji Incident, and Magoichi, who lost his backing, fled from Saiga, seeking refuge with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- 義定の死後は庶流中野氏から迎えた最上義守を傀儡として、伊達氏から迎えた義定の未亡人が権勢をふるった。
- After the death of Yoshisada, Yoshimori MOGAMI who was invited from a branch family of the Nakano clan became a puppet in the hands of the wife of Yoshisada from the Date clan who held the rein of power instead of him.
- 義仲の滅亡に至るまでの間、平氏は勢力を立て直し寿永3年(1184年)正月には摂津福原まで戻っていた。
- In the period until Yoshinaka met his end, the Taira clan re-established its influence and by January 1184, they had returned to Settsu Fukuhara.
- 相前後して、高松院(しゅ子内親王)・六条天皇・九条院(藤原呈子)が亡くなり、政界はにわかに動揺する。
- Around the same time, Takamatsuin (Imperial Princess Shushi), Emperor Rokujo and Kujyoin (FUJIWARA no Shimeko) died and the political scene fell into turmoil.
- 農奴は、人口的・経済的な条件が整って逃亡できる見込が立たない限り、土地を放棄することはできなかった。
- The serfs could not abandon the land without the prospect of escaping with the population condition and economical condition.
- 裏口を守っていた安藤早太郎・奥沢栄助・新田革左衛門達のところに浪士が脱出しようと必死で斬りこみ逃亡。
- Some ronins frantically attacked Hayatarou ANDO, Eisuke OKUZAWA and Kakuzaemon NITTA who guarded the back door, and succeeded to escape.
- 警備にあたっていた大江家仲・平康忠、一般官人や女房などが犠牲となるが、信西一門はすでに逃亡していた。
- Ienaka OE and TAIRA no Yasutada, who were in charged of the palace defense, gave up their lives along with many lesser officials and ladies in waiting, but Shinzei and his family had already escaped.
- 中の君は薫の気持ちをそらそうとして、亡き大君に似た異母妹の浮舟 (源氏物語)がいることを薫に教えた。
- Naka no Kimi tried to divert Kaoru's attention, and told him about her younger sister by a different mother, Ukifune, who looked like the late Oigimi.
- 父も姉も亡くした中の君の元に、父の法の師だった宇治山の阿闍梨から例年通りワラビやツクシが届けられた。
- Naka no kimi who had lost his father and sister received, as in the past, brackens and horsetails from Ajari in Mt. Uji who used to be her father's religious master.
- 香川県琴平金刀比羅神社大門 - 清塚という清少納言が夢に死亡地を示した「清少納言夢告げの碑」がある。
- Daimon of Kotohira-jinja Shrine, Kotohira, Kagawa Prefecture - There is Kiyozuka (omen in the dream monument of Sei Shonagon) on which Sei Shonagon inscribed the place of her death.
- 続日本紀、元明天皇の和銅元年(708年)4月20日の項に柿本朝臣猨(エン、さる?)の死亡記事がある。
- There is an obituary for KAKINOMOTO no Ason Saru for the entry of May 18, 708 in the Shoku Nihongi.
- 実朝には実子がないまま、甥の公暁に暗殺され、公暁もまた亡き者にされたため、源家将軍の血統は途絶えた。
- Sanetomo who had no biological children was assassinated by his nephew Kugyo, who was also killed, so the blood line of the Minamoto family terminated.
- 武田勢がことごとく逃亡する中で、徹底抗戦を貫き、武田武士の力を見せつけたのはこの仁科盛信だけであった。
- Alone among Takeda soldiers who desperately sought to flee from the battlefield, Morinobu NISHINA put up stubborn resistance till the end to show the true power of a Takeda samurai.
- 後、元朝によって南宋が亡ぼされた結果、南北中国の交流が始まり、朱子学は漸く華北にも地歩を築くに至った。
- Later, when the Yuan Dynasty defeated the Southern Song Dynasty, relations developed between northern and southern China and Shushigaku began expanding into northern China.
- 輝弘は一時は山口の一部占拠に成功するが、北九州より転進してきた毛利軍の逆襲に遭い、逃亡の後、自害した。
- Teruhiro temporarily succeeded in occupying a part of Yamaguchi, however, he was caught in a counterattack by the Mori force turning from northern Kyushu, fled and committed suicide thereafter.
- 1333年に御家人の足利尊氏(高氏)や新田義貞らによって幕府が倒され、高時は自害し、得宗家も滅亡した。
- In 1333, gokenin including Takauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA overthrew the shogunate, after which Takatoki killed himself and the Tokuso family went to ruin.
- 但し、1815年に皆川允が拝借して亡父の遺稿集(『淇園文集』)などを出版した折に、不足の活字を補った。
- However, in 1815 Mitsuru MINAGAWA borrowed the type to print his father's last work ('Kien-bunshu' (Kien writings, Kien is Mitsuru's father)) and added more type to compensate for missing ones.
- 自宮の増加に伴い、完全去勢の方法も洗練されていき、最終的に清代には、死亡率は1%未満になったとされる。
- Along with the increase in the number of self-extirpated eunuchs, the method of the complete removal of the genital parts was invented and refined, decreasing the death rate to less than 1% by the end of the Qing Dynasty.
- そして、近江国坂本 (大津市)から蓑浦へと逃亡を続けていた為義も熱病にかかり、天台山に登って出家する。
- Tameyoshi, who has been fleeing from Sakamoto, Omi Province (Otsu City) to Minoura, catches a fever and ascends Mt. Tendai to become a priest.
- 光秀が亡くなったはずの天正10年(1582年)以後に、比叡山に光秀の名で寄進された石碑が残っていること
- There is a stone monument on Mt. Hiei that was donated in the name of Mitsuhide after 1582, when Mitsuhide was supposed to have died.
- これは関ヶ原の戦いによる戦傷による死去と言われているが、世間では三成の亡霊に呪い殺されたとも噂された。
- Although he was believed to die from wound in the Battle of Sekigahara, it was rumored that he was cursed to death by the apparition of Mitsunari.
- また、元谷中村村民の島田宗三は、自身の父と祖父は、鉱毒水を飲んで胃を冒されて死亡した、と主張している。
- Sozo SHIMADA, an ex-resident of Yanaka Village claimed his father and grandfather had died from a stomach illness caused by drinking the polluted water.
- たとえばパークスは徳川慶喜が亡命を希望した場合、それを受け入れるのも「万国公法に御座候」と答えている。
- For instance, examining a case if Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA wished to defect, Parkes showed intention to accept this and answered 'This is based on Bankoku Koho.'
- だがモンゴル帝国の南下による宋の衰亡により、大陸へ帰還したり日本へ土着する者が現れるなどで縮小していた。
- However, the residential area had became smaller because such merchants returned to China or settled in Japan with the collapse of the Sung Dynasty.
- しかし、9世紀前期までには、百姓の逃亡・浮浪が著しく増大し、律令制の人別支配は根幹から動揺し始めていた。
- However, by the first half of the ninth century, the rule over people under the Ritsuryo system began to crumble from the ground up because a significant increase in the number of farmers escaping or going missing.
- それで定嗣の系統は滅亡し、光村の家系が取って代わり、及川氏は多くの分流を派生しつつ、奥州に増え広がった。
- Thus the Sadatsugu family line was destroyed, whereupon the Mitsumura family line took over; the OIKAWA clan gave rise to many branches, spread and increased throughout Oshu.
- 字面から仏陀(釈迦)が入滅した(亡くなった)日と解釈されることが多いが、上述のように本来は無関係である。
- It is often regarded as the day when Buddha died because of the meaning of the Chinese characters used for butsumetsu, but it has no relation with Buddhism as mentioned before.
- 平氏滅亡の年であり、源頼朝によって全国に守護地頭が設置された1185年を鎌倉時代の始期とすることが多い。
- The Kamakura period is commonly thought to have begun in A.D. 1185, when the Taira family fell and MINAMOTO no Yoritomo dispatched Shugo and Jito (military governors and estate stewards) all over Japan.
- だが、国府台合戦後には再び北条氏に屈服し、豊臣氏の関東平定によって所領を奪われて那須氏のもとへ亡命する。
- However, the clan was again subdued by the Hojo clan after the Konodai Battle, and when the Toyotomi clan suppressed the Kanto region, it lost territory and fled to the Nasu clan for shelter.
- しかし、孫の最上義俊の代に御家騒動が起こり、江戸幕府の命により改易とされ、大名としての最上氏は滅亡した。
- However, a family dispute occurred during the time of Yoshitoshi MOGAMI, a grandson of Yoshiaki, and the Mogami family was deprived of its status by the order of the Edo Bakufu, resulting in the fall of the Mogami clan as a Daimyo.
- その後、九州王朝が成立したが、663年(天智元年)「白村江の戦い」の敗北により滅亡にむかったとしている。
- According to FURUTA, the Kyushu dynasty was subsequently established, but it went downhill after it was defeated in `the Battle of Hakusukinoe' in 663.
- 天皇が亡くなった後、タギシミミはヒメタタライスケヨリヒメを妻にし、その3人の御子を殺そうと計画していた。
- After the emperor passed away, Tagishimimi had a ploy to marry Himetataraisukeyorihime and kill her three children.
- しかし妻とあまり接することはなく、浮舟亡き後は今上帝の女一宮(母は明石中宮)を思って悶々と過ごしている。
- However, he did not frequently interact with his wife and after Ukifune's death, he passed his days discontented, thinking about Onna Ichinomiya, daughter of the current emperor (her mother was Akashi Chugu).
- 日本書紀における長門城、大野城 (筑前国)、基肄城の記事に「亡命百済貴族が築城の指導に当たった」とある。
- In the Nihon-shoki, it is written, 'The castle was built under the direction of exiled nobles of Kudara (Baekje, Paekche)' in the articles about Nagato-jo Castle, Ono-jo Castle (Chikuzen Province) and Kii-jo Castle.
- 当主が既に死亡しているにもかかわらず、周囲のものがそれを隠して当主の名において養子縁組を行うこともあった。
- Even when the head of the family had been already dead, sometimes an adoption was carried out in the name of the family head by concealing his death for some time.
- しかし、早くも8世紀後期頃から百姓の偽籍・浮浪・逃亡が見られ始め、個別人身支配体制にほころびが生じていた。
- However, as early as from late 8th century, the regime of people-based governance started to fray at the edges as the case of peasants' false registration, vagrancy and escape increased.
- かつては即吉→共引→周吉→虚亡→泰安→赤口(名称については他説有り)の順で繰り返されていた、とされている。
- It is said that rokuyo once repeated in the order of sokukichi (即吉) => tomobiki (共引)=> shukichi (周吉) => kyomo (虚亡) => taian (泰安) => shakko (as for the names, there are other theories).
- 明朝が滅亡し清朝の暴政から逃れる為に日本に亡命してきた黄檗宗の禅僧たちによって、新しい篆刻がもたらされた。
- After the collapse of the Ming dynasty, Zen priests of the Obakushu sect who defected to Japan to escape the Ching dynasty's tyranny brought new tenkoku.
- この戦いで紀伊の寺社・国人勢力はほぼ屈服・滅亡させられたが、各地の地侍はその後もしばしば蜂起を繰り返した。
- Most of the temple and kokujin power in Kii Province were yielded or subverted by this battle, but jizamurai in each place often started riots.
- 永享5年(1433年)、新宮氏残党は越後国小川庄津川城を攻めたが、城代・金上氏によって撃退されて滅亡した。
- In 1433, the remainders of the Shingu clan attacked Tsugawa-jo Castle, Ogawa-no-sho, Echigo Province, but they were beaten back by the Kanakami clan, Jodai (the keeper of castle), and consequently went to ruin.
- 鎌倉時代末期に足利尊氏が京都の六波羅探題を滅ぼし、幕府滅亡後には京で後醍醐天皇による建武の新政が行われた。
- In the late Kamakura period, Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed the Rokuhara Tandai of Kyoto, and after the collapse of the bakufu, the Kenmu Restoration was initiated by Emperor Godaigo in Kyo.
- 邦良の未亡人である禖子(後宇多の皇女)を大覚寺統の家長に擬して、彼女に次期皇太子の推薦を要請したのである。
- He asked the widow of Kuniyoshi, Baishi (princess of Gouda) to recommend the next Crown Prince as the acting head of the Daikakuji line.
- 亡き姉大君の身代わりの「人形(ひとがた)」にしばしば例えられ、性格的にもイメージとしても「流される」女性。
- She was often compared with 'hitogata' (a doll) that substitutes her deceased sister Oikimi and judging from her personality as well as image, she was a woman who tend to be 'influenced.'
- 『公事方御定書』によればもし未決拘留中の預の者が逃亡すれば、本来課せられる刑罰より1段重い刑に処せられた。
- According to 'Kujigata-osadamegaki' (the law of Edo bakufu), if a person imposed on azuke who was under detention pending trial ran away, such person was imposed a more severe penalty than the original penalty.
- 藤原京時代の後半や、平城京遷都後の確実な作品が残らないことから、平城京遷都前には亡くなったものと思われる。
- Because no poem survives which was definitely composed in the late period when the capital was placed at Fujiwara-kyo (the Imperial capital of Japan for 16 years between 694 and 710) or after the transfer of the capital to Heijokyo (the ancient capital of Japan in present-day Nara), he is considered to have passed away before the relocation of the capital to Heijokyo.
- 各地で戦いに敗れ、近江国高島郡三尾の古城に退いて抵抗するが、敗れて仲麻呂一族は滅亡した。(藤原仲麻呂の乱)
- They lost battles in various locations and finally retreated to an old castle in Sanbi, Takashima County, Omi Province, where their resistance proved futile, resulting in the collapse of the Nakamaro family (Rebellion of Fujiwara no Nakamaro).
- 加屋・斎藤らは銃撃を受け死亡し、首謀者の太田黒も銃撃を受けて重傷を負い、付近の民家に避難したのち自刃した。
- KAYA, SAITO and others were shot to death, and the ringleader OTAGURO, too, was injured by gunshot, took refuge to a nearby private house and then committed suicide.
- 日本は朝鮮半島への足掛かりを失い、日本は大国唐の脅威にさらされることとなった(668年には高句麗も滅亡)。
- Japan lost its foothold on Korean Peninsula and Japan came to face the threat of a great power, Tang (in 668, Goguryeo also went to ruin).
- その他の姓(カバネ)としては、百済滅亡後に亡命してきた百済王族に与えられた百済王氏(こにきし)などがある。
- Other kabane included konikishi which was given to the Royal Families of Baekje after fleeing to Japan due to the fall of their country.
- 御台所は自らの夫が亡くなった場合は出家して本丸から退き、西丸に移って将軍の菩提を弔いながら余生を過ごした。
- Midaidokoro entered into priesthood after their husbands died and moved from Honmaru to Nishinomaru to spend the rest of their lives to pray for the repose of their husbands' soul.
- 訓練への参加者210名中199名が死亡する、日本の冬山登山史上もっとも多くの遭難者が発生した事件となった。
- It had the greatest number of missing people in Japanese winter mountain-climbing history, with 199 of 210 who had joined the training died.
- ただし、死亡した夫の財産を相続した後家(寡婦・未亡人)については、惣村の構成員として認められることもあった。
- However, a widow who inherited the assets of her deceased husband was sometimes recognized as a member of the soson.
- 660年(斉明天皇6年)、新羅よりの救援要請を受けて唐が軍を起こし、同年に唐・新羅連合軍によって百済が滅亡。
- In 660, the Tang Dynasty mobilized their army as Silla requested their assistance, and in the same year Kudara was destroyed by the allied forces of Tang and Silla.
- 府中小笠原氏に敗れた松尾小笠原氏は府中小笠原氏の滅亡に先立って武田氏に仕え、武田氏の滅亡後は徳川氏に仕えた。
- The Matsuo-Ogasawara clan which was defeated by the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan served the Takeda clan and after fall of Takeda clan, it served the Tokugawa clan.
- (このとき土岐氏の嫡流を譲ったとされるが、江戸崎土岐氏もまた豊臣秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した)。
- (On this occasion, Yorinari is said to have handed over the status as the main branch of the family to the Edosaki-Toki clan, however, the Edosaki-Toki clan also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin (The Siege of Odawara) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was destroyed.
- その後筒井定慶が大和郡山1万石を与えられたが、大坂夏の陣で定慶が戦死したため、大名としての筒井氏は滅亡した。
- Years later Juntei TSUTSUI was granted a domain of 10,000 koku in Yamato Koriyama, however he was killed in action during Summer Siege of Osaka, at the result, the Tsutsui clan as Daimyo family disappeared.
- 慶応4年1月10日 (旧暦) 新選組、軍艦富士山 (軍艦)と順動丸で江戸に向かう 途中山崎烝死亡(異説あり)
- January 10 1868, when Shinsen-gumi was on their way to Edo on war ships Fujiyama and Jundo-maru, Susumu YAMAZAKI died (this is disputed).
- 翌朝秋好中宮を訪れると、亡き母六条御息所が今も物の怪となり彷徨っていることを嘆き、出家したいと源氏に漏らす。
- The next morning when he visits Empress Akikonomu, she tells him that her lost mother, Rokujo no Miyasudokoro, became an evil spirit and is still wandering around there, confessing that she wants to become a nun.
- 7世紀末以後の亡命した百済王族・貴族は、残らず全て天皇の臣下として組織されていたということがその理由である。
- This is because all royal family and nobles who were exiled after the end of the seventh century were organized as the followers of the emperor.
- また兄柏木の未亡人落葉の宮や藤壺女御(今上帝 (源氏物語)の妃)、その娘の女二宮に思いをかけたこともあった。
- There was a time when he loved Ochiba no Miya, a widow of his older brother Kashiwagi, and Fujitsubo no Nyogo (a consort of Kinjo no Mikado), and her daughter, Onna Ninomiya.
- それがその後右田弘詮が仕えた大内氏の滅亡とともに、毛利元就の子、吉川元春の手に移り、以降吉川家に伝えられた。
- As to the fall of the Ouchi clan whom Hiroaki MIGITA served later, it was transferred to Motoharu KIKKAWA, a son of Motonari MORI, and it has since been handed down in the Kikkawa family.
- 多聞院日記によれば、大政所は文禄元年(1592年)に76歳で亡くなっているとされているので年代にズレがある。
- According to Tamonin Diary, Omandokoro died at 76 years old in 1592; so there is a gap of the date.
- 巻名は作中で柏木(下記)の未亡人落葉の宮が詠む和歌「柏木に葉守の神はまさずとも人ならすべき宿の梢か」に因む。
- The volume was named after the waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) composed by Ochiba no miya, the widow of Kashiwagi (see below) in the story: Although the god of leaves is not in Kashiwagi, is it appropriate to allow people to come closer to the treetop without reason?
- しかし母を亡くした二人の娘が気掛かりで出家する事もままならずに俗体のままで過ごし、「俗聖」とも呼ばれていた。
- But he was so anxious about his daughters, who had lost their mother, that he could not renounce the world, stayed in a nonclerical appearance and was also called 'the saint who is still in this world'.
- 逃亡者とみなす立場からは四十六士となり、大石内蔵助から何か密命を受けて離れたとする立場からは四十七士と呼ぶ。
- If one considers him a fugitive, the group becomes Shijurokushi, but if we assume he left to carry out a secret order by Kuranosuke OISHI, they are called Shijushichishi.
- だが、東国の将門が滅亡したことにより、兵力の西国への集中が可能となったため、朝廷は純友討伐に積極的になった。
- However, the fall of Masakado in Togoku made it possible for the Imperial Court to concentrate its military power in Saigoku where it became active in containing Sumitomo.
- 幕府滅亡時まで御分国だったのは駿河国・相模国・武蔵国・越後国で、相模・武蔵の国司には執権・連署が任命された。
- The Kanto Gobunkoku that remained until the fall of the Kamakura bakufu were Suruga Province, Sagami Province, Musashi Province and Echigo Province, while the officials assigned to Sagami Province and Musashi Province were regents/cosignatories of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 定府の藩士の多くは、江戸に家族と菩提寺・檀那寺を持ち、江戸で亡くなっても遺骸や遺骨などを在所に持ち帰らない。
- Many of jofu feudal retainers of domains had families and bodai-ji or danna-dera (family temples) in Edo, and if they died in Edo, their bodies and cremains were not brought back to their hometowns.
- 東京高等検察庁の検察官は、第一項の請求をしたときは、逃亡犯罪人に前項の請求書の謄本を送付しなければならない。
- When a public prosecutor of the Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office makes the application provided for in paragraph (1) above, the public prosecutor shall send a certified copy of the written application set forth in paragraph (2) above to the fugitive.
- 永正14年(1517年)、三好之長は淡路水軍を掌握するため淡路に侵攻し、淡路守護細川尚春は和泉の堺に逃亡した。
- In 1517, as Yukinaga MIYOSHI invaded Awaji in order to take control of the Awaji Navy, Hisaharu HOSOKAWA, the shugo of Awaji Province, fled to Sakai in Izumi.
- その他、「林連」(ウジ名のみ判明)がみえ、数名(死亡月日のみ、または年齢のみ判明)の死亡を記載した断片がある。
- In addition, there found several fragments describing 'Hayashimuraji' (only the name of Uji was clarified), and deaths of several persons (only the date of death or the age was clarified).
- 更に浮浪・逃亡により持ち主不在になった土地は寺社や有力貴族の荘園、公領と化し、中央財源減少に拍車をかけていた。
- In addition, lands of absentee owners due to vagrancy and getaway transformed into shoen (manor in medieval Japan) and koryo (an Imperial demesne) that belonged to temples, shrines and the influential nobility, and thus accelerated the decrease of the central government's financial resources.
- 将軍足利義澄は近江国の岡山城 (近江国)に、それを担ぐ細川澄元は近江から最終的には阿波国へそれぞれに逃亡した。
- Then Shogun Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA fled to Okayama-jo Castle in Omi Province, and Sumimoto HOSOKAWA who supported Yoshizumi fled to Omi and ultimately to Awa Province.
- 備中国(現岡山県)の賀夜・宇都・窪屋(現在の岡山市・総社市を中心とする地域)の死亡者72名を記した帳簿である。
- This register recorded 72 deceased persons in Kaya, Uzu (宇都), and Kuboya (area around present-day Okayama City and Soja City) of Bitchu Province (present-day Okayama Prefecture).
- 大内氏が滅亡した後の永禄5年(1562年)、元就は息子の吉川元春・小早川隆景以下2万の軍勢で出雲国へ侵攻した。
- After the fall of the Ouchi clan in 1562, Motonari invaded Izumo Province with an army of 20,000 men, including his son Motoharu KIKKAWA and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA.
- 戦国時代まで甲斐武田氏の庶流にして守護代であった跡部氏は、武田氏滅亡の折、主家に叛いて後に徳川氏の家臣となる。
- When the Takeda clan was extinguished, the Atobe clan, a branch family of the Kai-Takeda clan served as shugodai until the Sengoku period, and became a vassal of the Tokugawa clan betraying the master family.
- また、皇族と親族である華族が死亡した際は服喪することも定められており、華族は皇室の最も近い存在として扱われた。
- It was also specified that, when kazoku who related to the Imperial family died, the Imperial family and some kazoku should went into mourning; kazoku were regarded as the people who had been keeping strong bonds with the Imperial family.
- 吾妻鏡は基本的には価値の高い史料であるが、源頼朝の死亡時期に、3年以上の記事がないなど欠落している箇所もある。
- Basically Azuma Kagami is a historical material of great value, but it has some parts missing over a three year period around the time of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo's death.
- 兄北条経時は祖父泰時の後を継いで19歳で4代執権となるが、4年後に弟北条時頼に執権を譲り出家、直後に死亡する。
- The older brother Tsunetoki HOJO succeeded to his grandfather Yasutoki to be the fourth regent when he was 19, but 4 years later he abdicated in favor of his younger brother Tokiyori HOJO to become a priest, but passed away immediately after.
- 巨大な鶏が口から火を吐く「鶏地獄」、鬼卒たちが亡者を鉄の臼で磨り潰している「鉄磑所」の画像がよく知られている。
- Famous paintings are 'The Flaming Cock' in which a huge cock is breathing fire and 'Iron Mortar' in which ogres are grinding the dead in an iron grinder.
- - 日本独自のもので、編年体を基本としながらも人物の死亡記事があった場合にその人物の列伝を付載するものである。
- It is a style unique to Japan, the historiography based on chronological order with retsuden (biography) of the deceased people, added to obituaries on them.
- しかし本来律令制の律が定めた謀叛は意味が異なり、外国と通謀して本国に害をなしたり、亡命したりすることまで含む。
- However, muhon defined in ritsu (laws) of the ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code), written in kanji indicating 'a scheme of disobedience,' originally had a different meaning and includes an act of conspiring with enemy for the purpose of harming one's home country, as well as seeking asylum.
- 大永7年(1527年)2月には桂川の戦いで波多野・三好軍らに高国は敗れて将軍・足利義晴を擁して近江に逃亡した。
- At the Battle of Katsura-gawa River in February 1527, Takakuni lost against the army of Hatano and Miyoshi, and fled to the Omi Province with shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA.
- 引渡の請求が、逃亡犯罪人の犯した政治犯罪について審判し、又は刑罰を執行する目的でなされたものと認められるとき。
- When the extradition request is deemed to have been made with a view to trying or punishing the fugitive for a political offense which he/she has committed.
- その結果1199年(建久10)4月1日 (旧暦)、問注所は別の場所へ移転されたが、その直前に頼朝は死亡していた。
- Although the Monchu-dokoro was relocated on April 27, 1199, Yoritomo had died shortly before the relocation.
- またこの時期、薩摩藩主の父で前藩主斉彬の弟・島津久光が、亡き兄の遺志を継ぎ、幕政改革を志して兵を率いて上京した。
- In the same period, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, brother of the former lord and father of the current lord of the Satsuma clan, went to Kyoto with his troops, aiming to help the reformation of the government and fulfill the dying wish of his brother.
- 戦国時代 (日本)には後北条氏に服属を余儀なくされ、小田原の役においてともに滅亡したが、後に江戸幕府旗本となる。
- In the Warring States period (Japan), the Hitachi-Toki clan was forced to be loyal to the Gohojo clan, and their power declined along with the Gohojo clan in the Siege of Odawara, but later it became Hatamoto (direct retainer) of Edo bakufu.
- 越前朝倉氏滅亡後、越後国に朝倉愛王丸が落ち延びたという伝承が、また、出羽国などにも子孫伝承が残るが、真偽は不明。
- There was a legend of Aiomaru ASAKURA, in which he is said to have escaped safely to Echigo Province after the fall of the Echizen-Asakura clan, and there were also legends related to the clan's descendents in Dewa Province, and so on, however the authenticity of any of these legends is not confirmed.
- しかし、奈良時代後期(8世紀後期)ごろから、課税から逃れたい人民らの偽籍・逃亡・浮浪が次第に顕著となっていった。
- However, it became apparent that many people who wanted to escape taxation began falsifying the register, escaping and wandering about during the latter stage of the Nara period (the latter stage of the 8th century).
- 石川・安東は亡くなったが、大岡、丸谷を中心に2006年現在も雑誌『すばる』誌上を中心に連句興行が続けられている。
- Although Ishikawa and Ando have already passed away, Oka and Maruya have continued, as of 2006, to hold gatherings to create renku, the results of which are published in the magazine 'Subaru.'
- 一方「姫君」も元の男性の姿に戻り、行方知れずとなっていた「若君」を探し当てて宰相中将の下からの逃亡を手助けする。
- Having begun to wear male clothes again, the 'princess' finds the lost 'young prince' and helps 'him' to escape from Saisho no Chujo.
- しかし、残りの4つは江戸幕府滅亡の際に寺社奉行から明治政府に引き渡されたものが、国立国会図書館に所蔵されている。
- However, the other four editions, which were handed down from Jisha bugyo to the Meiji government at the time of the overthrow of the Edo shogunate, are in the posession of the National Diet Library.
- だが、『萬葉集』には8世紀以前の防人の歌は無いので、防人が置かれたのは九州王朝が滅亡した7世紀末頃と考えられる。
- Since the waka poems of Sakimori were not contained in 'Manyoshu' (Japan's oldest anthology of poems) before the eighth century, Sakimori is considered to be placed when the Kyusyu dynasty was destroyed at the end of the seventh century.
- 藤原四兄弟が短期間に相次いで死亡していることから、相互に見舞いのために訪問し合った際に感染したものと考えられる。
- As the Fujiwara four brothers died one after another within a short period of time, it is considered that they became infected when they visited each other.
- 正妻による圧力のために父兵部卿宮の訪問は間遠で、生まれてすぐ母は亡くなり、その後は祖母の北山の尼君に育てられた。
- Her father Hyobukyo no Miya rarely visited her (due to pressure from his legal wife), and her mother died soon after she was born, so she was brought up by her grandmother, Kitayama no Amagimi (a nun).
- 高次は浅井長政に仕えていたが、天正元年(1573年)に織田信長によって浅井氏が滅亡したため、信長の家臣となった。
- Takatsugu served Nagamasa AZAI, but became a vassal of Nobunaga ODA because the Azai clan was ruined by Nobunaga in 1573.
- 律令編纂や平城京遷都などに関わった不比等亡き後、四兄弟は元正天皇・聖武天皇の時代に渡り長屋王と政権の座を争った。
- After the death of Fuhito who was involved with the compilation of Ritsuryo codes, the relocation of Heijo-kyo capital and so on, four brothers fought for the political power with Prince Nagaya through the reigns of Empress Gensho to Emperor Shomu.
- 島においてさらに犯罪のあったときは鉱穴に禁錮されたが、これは敷内追込といい、また島から逃亡した者は死罪であった。
- Those who committed additional crimes while on the island were confined in mineshafts, a punishment known as 'shikinai oikomi,' while those who attempted to escape from the island were given a death sentence.
- そのため逃亡する者が後を絶たず、犯罪者の隔離施設としても、矯正施設としても十分な役割を果たすことが出来なかった。
- Consequently, there was a never-ending string of convicts who tried to escape, so the system failed to play its full part to isolate nor to correct these criminals.
- なお、藤作は26年後の1898年まで生きたとされるが、4年後には死亡したという話もありいずれかははっきりしない。
- It is said that Tosaku lived until 1898, 26 years after the incident, but there is another story that he died 4 years after the execution.
- 結果、小野崎氏は山入氏と完全に袂を分かち、永正元年(1504年)の山入氏の滅亡に貢献、100年の内乱は終熄した。
- As a result, the Onosaki clan completely parted with Yamairi clan and contributed to the collapse of Yamairi clan in 1504, therefore, it led to the end of domestic conflict for 100 years.
- 表向きは唐が滅亡してから70年ほどであった(五代十国時代)が、事実上1世紀以上にわたって中国は分裂状態にあった。
- China was officially divided for 70 years (Godai-Jikkoku period), but in reality it lasted for more than 100 years.
- この時代は乳幼児の死亡率が極めて高かったため、子供が生まれたとしても即座に公儀へ届け出る必要は必ずしもなかった。
- In this time period, the death rate of infants was considerably high; therefore, when a child was born, it was not required to report the birth immediately to the authorities.
- 両作戦の日本側の死傷者は82名なのに対して、清国兵は500名以上の死傷者を出し、武器等を放棄して平壌まで逃亡する。
- The Japanese side had 82 solders killed and injured in both operations, while the Qing troops had more than 500 casualties and threw down their arms and fled to Pyongyang.
- こうした梁の傾向は戊戌政変後に日本に亡命して以降顕著となるが、それは彼が当時求めていた国民国家創出と深く関係する。
- Liang Qichao more clearly showed this tendency when he lived in exile in Japan after the 1898 coup over the Hundred Days' Reforms; this tendency was closely tied with the creation of a nation-state that he sought at that time.
- 日本軍の進撃が平壌に迫ると宣祖は遼東との国境である北端の平安道・義州へと逃亡し、冊封に基づいて明に救援を要請する。
- As the Japanese army marched close to Pyongyang, Sonjo fled to Uiju in Pyeongan Province located at the north end and on the border of Liaodong and asked Ming for help based on sakuho (homage by Chinese emperors).
- が、2月8日には土橋平次・平尉(平丞)兄弟は逃亡、根来寺泉識坊は討ち取られるなど雑賀の内紛は孫一の勝利で決着した。
- But Magoichi won in this internal trouble of Saiga after the Dobashi brothers of Heiji and Heinojo escaped on March 12 and the Senshiki-bo Temple of the Negoro-ji Temple was defeated.
- 他に永禄5年(1562年)に本山氏に攻められ滅亡したとする説もあるが、資料や本山茂辰の吉良姓僭称から信憑性は薄い。
- Another theory suggests that the Kira clan was attacked and fell by the Motoyama clan, but the credibility is low due to Shigetoki MOTOYAMA's pretension of the Kira clan and from the other documents.
- この他吉良氏滅亡には諸説あり、『吉良物語』においては永禄六年(1563年)に長宗我部氏に攻められ滅亡したとされる。
- In addition, there are various theories for the Kira clan's extinction, it is said that the Kira clan was attacked and fell by the Chosokabe clan in 1563, according to 'Kira Monogatari' (the Tale of Kira).
- 明智光秀が山崎の合戦の後逃亡の末討たれた場所がこの花山トンネル付近であると言う事から武士の姿が見えたりすると言う。
- It is said that a samurai ghost can be seen here because fugitive Mitsuhide AKECHI was killed around the present-day Kazan Tunnel after he fought in the Battle of Yamazaki.
- 少女の大伯父の僧都によると彼女は藤壺の兄兵部卿宮の娘で、父の正妻による圧力を気に病んだ母が早くに亡くなったそうだ。
- According to a priest, who was a grand-uncle of the girl, she was a daughter of Hyobukyo no Miya, an elder brother of Fujitsubo, and her mother passed away because she worried about pressure from the legitimate wife of her husband.
- そのため、北条一族の内紛は政局混迷の度合いを深め、やがて正慶2年(1333年)5月の鎌倉幕府滅亡へと繋がっていく。
- Therefore, the internal strife in the Hojo clan made the political situation increasingly confusing, leading to the demise of the Kamakura bakufu in June, 1333.
- 諸国に多数の軍勢催促状を発し、近江国の佐々木道誉などの御家人を従えて入京し、同年5月7日に六波羅探題を滅亡させた。
- Takauji gathered forces from various provinces, and entered Kyoto followed by vassals such as Doyo SASAKI from Omi Province, and then succeeded in destroying Rokuhara Tandai on May 7th, 1333.
- なお、朝倉家亡命中の永禄11年(1568年)4月15日、「秋」の字は不吉であるとし、正式に元服して義昭と改名した。
- Besides, on April 15, 1568, during his exile with the ASAKURA clan, Yoshiaki had a coming-of-age ceremony and formally changed his name's Chinese character Aki from 秋 to 昭, because he thought the letter 秋 was ominous.
- 大宮 (源氏物語)が亡くなり、内侍司に任命された玉鬘 (源氏物語)は孫として喪に服しながら、出仕を思い悩んでいた。
- Omiya passed away, and Tamakazura, who had been appointed to Naishi no tsukasa (female palace attendant), was in mourning for her grandmother, and was worried about entering the service.
- これは編年体を基本としつつ、重要人物の死亡記事があるごとに簡単な列伝を挿入するものであるが、編年体の一種とされる。
- Kokushitai is regarded as a kind of Hennentai style, since it is basically written in the Hennentai method and contains a series of biographies along with a necrology of each major figure.
- この事件で西国随一の戦国大名とまで称されていた大内氏が実質的に滅亡し、西国の支配構造は大きく変化することとなった。
- This incident resulted in virtual fall of the Ouchi clan, which was called as the greatest Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in Saigoku (western part of Japan) and great change in ruling structure of Saigoku.
- 660年に百済が唐軍の侵攻によって滅亡すると、耽羅は独自の外交を展開し、同年には唐へ使いを派遣した(『唐会要』)。
- Upon the fall of Baekje in 660 due to the invasion by the Tang army, Tamna developed its own diplomacy starting with the dispatch of an envoy to Tang in the same year ('Tang Huiyao' [Institutional History of Tang]).
- 554年、百済が新羅に敗れて聖明王が殺され、562年には任那全土が新羅に奪われるに至り、日本府は滅亡したとされる。
- In 554, Baekje lost to Goguryeo and King Seong was killed and the whole Mimana was seized by Silla, which meant the fall of Mimana Nihon-fu in 562.
- 京都へは同年2月15日に早馬で幕命が伝えられ、時輔は北条義宗に誅殺された(逐電し、吉野へ逃亡したという説もある)。
- The order of the bakufu was sent to Kyoto by post horse on March 22 in the same year, and Tokisuke was killed by Yoshimune HOJO (It is also said he escaped and ran away to Yoshino).
- この戦い後、三好之長の子三好長秀は父と別れ伊勢国に逃亡したが、細川高国が手を回し宇治山田で最後をとげたと言われている
- Allegedly, although Nagahide MIYOSHI, the son of Yukinaga MIYOSHI, separated from his father and fled to Ise Province, Takakuni HOSOKAWA spread the dragnet and put Nagahide to death in Ujiyamada.
- 1331年(元弘元年、元徳3年)から開始された後醍醐天皇の倒幕運動である元弘の乱の最後の戦いで、鎌倉幕府は滅亡した。
- The war was the last phase of the Genko War which was started by Emperor Godaigo as the anti-shogunate movement in 1331, and the Tosho-ji War put an end to the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 貞綱は亡母の13回忌に全国的にも珍しい巨大清巌寺鉄塔婆を奉納した(宇都宮市清巌寺蔵:国の重要文化財)と言われている。
- It is said that Sadatsuna presented the Seigan-ji Temple a big nationally-rare iron sotoba (a tall, narrow tablet set up behind a grave for the repose of the dead) (possessed by the Segan-ji Temple in Utsunomiya City and designated as national important cultural property) to commemorate the 13th anniversary of his mother's death.
- 信行の孫織田昌澄は藤堂高虎や豊臣秀頼に仕え、豊臣家の滅亡後は近江国内に2000石を与えられて、旗本に取り立てられた。
- Masazumi ODA, a grandson of Nobuyuki, served Takatora TODO and Hideyori TOYOTOMI, and after the downfall of the Toyotomi clan, he became hatamoto with a fief of 2000 koku in Omi Province.
- 809年4月、平城天皇は発病し、病を早良親王や伊予親王の亡霊によるものと考えた天皇は禍を避けるために譲位を決意する。
- When Emperor Heizei was stricken by disease in April, 809, he decided to abdicate the throne to keep out of harm's way because he thought the ghosts of Imperial Prince Sawara and Imperial Prince Iyo had caused his sickness.
- 織田信長と結んだ浅井長政に至って六角氏を駆逐するが、後に将軍の信長包囲網に加わって信長に抵抗、1573年に滅亡する。
- Although when Nagamasa ASAI had once a military agreement with Nobunaga ODA and drove out the Rokkaku clan, later Nagamasa, joining the Shogun's alliance against Nobunaga, fought against Nobunaga and was defeated in 1573.
- 最高指揮官であり当事者であるはずの徳川慶喜が敵前逃亡したことにより、旧幕府軍は自壊し、抗戦をやめて各藩は兵を帰した。
- Because Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, who was the Commander in Chief and the core of the conflict, deserted the army in the face of the enemy, the former Shogunate forces disintegrated and stopped fighting; each of the domains brought their troops home.
- 関ヶ原の戦いで石田氏が滅亡した後、佐和山には関ヶ原の戦いで武功を挙げた徳川四天王の一人・井伊直政が18万石で入った。
- After the collapse of the Ishida clan in the Battle of Sekigahara, Naomasa II, one of four generals serving Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who distinguished himself in the battle, became the lord of the Sawayama Domain with 180,000 koku crop yields.
- 9世紀中葉における朝廷・国司は、群盗海賊の制圧のために養老律令の捕亡令追捕罪人条にある臨時発兵規定により対応し始めた。
- In the middle of the ninth century, the Imperial Court and kokushi started taking measures based on specifications of rinji-hatsuhei (the special dispatch of troops) in Tsuibu-zainin no Jo (the article related to catching criminals who had fled) in bumo-ryo code (Penalties on escaping soldiers, Sakimori [soldiers garrisoned at strategic posts in Kyushu in ancient times], slave, and so on) in the Yoro ritsuryo code, to combat these robberies and acts of piracy.
- 巡査は駆けつけた署員に犯人の特徴を詳細に述べた後、直ちに進駐軍用救急車で病院に運ばれたが、同日午前3時5分に死亡した。
- After giving descriptions of the suspects to a police officer who ran to the scene, he was immediately taken to a hospital in an ambulance for the occupation forces but died at 3:05 that morning.
- また上方勢は湊・中之島一円に放火し、他の地域もおおむね半分から三分の二は焼亡したが、鷺森寺内及び岡・宇治は無事だった。
- In addition, the Kamigata army set fire to the areas of Minato and Nakanoshima, and half or two thirds of the other areas were also burnt, but the areas of Saginomori Temple, Oka and Uji were safe.
- 宗家の斯波武衛家が滅亡していたので、斯波氏の流れを汲む最上氏は断絶を惜しまれ、近江国に1万石の知行を改めて与えられた。
- Since the head family, the Shiba-Buei family, had fallen, the extinction of the Mogami clan following the Shiba clan was lamented and the Mogami clan was given again with a fief of 10,000 koku in Omi Province.
- しかし、8世紀後半に入ると、百姓階層の分化が始まり、百姓の逃亡が増加するなど、律令支配の転換を迫る状況が生じていった。
- However, entering the latter half of the eighth century, farmers became hierarchical, and situations to force the change in control based upon the Ritsuryo system, for example, an increase in the farmers to replace those who fled, were created.
- しかし、後に親友柏木の未亡人の落葉の宮に執心するようになり、怒った雲居の雁に別居されるという騒動を起こす(「夕霧」)。
- However, later he falls in love with Ochiba no miya, his best friend Kashiwagi's widow, and Kumoi no Kari, getting mad at him, moves from his residence. ('Yugiri' (Evening Mist))
- 掘り起こしてみると、娘の亡骸が生まれたばかりの男の赤ん坊を抱いており、手には飴屋が売ってやった飴が握られていたという。
- Digging up the soil, he finds her remains holding a baby boy who has just been born, and in her hand the candy which the storekeeper has sold is clasped.
- 空蝉は後ろ盾となる父を早くに亡くし、後妻を探していた伊予の介の元に妻として引き取られて、地味で堅実な生活を送っていた。
- When Utsusemi was little, she lost her father who was supposed to be her supporter, so she was taken to wife by Iyo no suke, who was looking for a second wife, and she led a quiet and stable life.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政が行われるなか、1334年(建武 (日本)元年)8月に掲げられた。
- The lampoon was displayed on August, 1334, when the Kenmu Restoration was inaugurated by Emperor Godaigo after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- 叛は具体的には蕃国(外国)に投じること、城や領土を敵に渡すことをいい、現代的に言えば亡命、敵前投降、外敵通謀にあたる。
- In concrete terms disobedience means throwing oneself into a barbarian (foreign) country, or handing over the castle or territory to enemy, and in modern terms falls under seeking asylum, surrendering under enemy fire or conspiring with enemy.
- 翌年、ナポレオンのエルバ島脱出によってルイ18世は再び国外へ亡命するが、ナポレオンの支配が百日天下に終わると帰国した。
- In the following year, when Napoleon escaped from the Elba, Louis XVIII defected abroad again but returned to France soon after Napoleon's hundred days' rule ended.
- 途中、王莽の簒奪による新の建国があったがその際も大きな影響を受けず、官印の支給は220年の後漢滅亡まで続くことになる。
- Even when Wang Mang usurped the throne and founded the Xin Dynasty, there was no big impact on kanin, and kanin kept being provided until the Later Han Dynasty was overthrown in 220.
- 引渡しの請求が引渡条約に基づかないで行われたものである場合において、逃亡犯罪人を引き渡すことが相当でないと認めるとき。
- When an extradition request has been made without being based on an extradition treaty and it is deemed inappropriate to extradite the fugitive.
- 国府の運営、即ち官営であるものは、そのような仏教側の動きと実際問題での行旅死亡人の増加に伴い発生してきたものと思われる。
- It is likely that Fuseya operated by kokufu or the government emerged in accordance with Buddhist activities as well as the practical problem of increasing traveler deaths.
- 寺院の焼亡による仏の祟りという考え方も、仏には祟るという概念が無いため神祇信仰をそのまま仏に当てはめたものと理解できる。
- The view that the burning down of a temple may result in the arsonist being cursed by the Buddha is thought to come from the Japanese belief in Jingi, as Buddhism does not accept the concept of curses.
- 個人を課税対象として把握する個別人身支配において、偽籍・逃亡が頻発すると課税対象である個人を把握することはできなくなる。
- Under the principle of people-based governance, the government imposes tax on individuals, but it becomes impossible to grasp the name of taxable people if the case of false registration and/or escape occurs frequently.
- 孫文も日本亡命時には『明治維新は中国革命の第一歩であり、中国革命は明治維新の第二歩である』との言葉を犬養毅へ送っている。
- For example, Sun Yat-sen told Tsuyoshi INUKAI, 'the Meiji Restoration is the first step of the China's revolution, and the China's revolution is the second step of the Meiji Restoration' when he came to Japan as a refugee.
- 6代将軍足利義教の頃には永享の乱で鎌倉府が衰亡し、信満の子の武田信重の代に結城合戦で功績を挙げ再興のきっかけをつかんだ。
- When the power of Kamakurafu eroded as the result of the Eikyo Disturbance in the era of sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, Nobumitsu's son Nobushige TAKEDA achieved distinguished war service in the Battle of Yuki and seized the opportunity to restore the clan.
- 1333年の鎌倉幕府滅亡から建武の新政、室町時代初期までの間は、全国的に戦乱が相次ぎ、荘園の所有関係も非常に流動化した。
- From the demise of the Kamakura bakufu in 1333 to the Kenmu Restoration or the early Muromachi period, the maelstrom of war continued and the ownership relationship of shoen were also fluidized.
- 信頼・成親は義朝とともに武装して出陣するが、源師仲は保身のため三種の神器の一つである内侍所(神鏡)を持ち出して逃亡した。
- Nobuyori and Narichika joined Yoshitomo in taking up arms and marching out to battle, but MINAMOTO no Moronaka, in order to save his own life, took one of the three Imperial Regalia of Japan, the sacred Mirror, and fled.
- また、亡命先で死亡した将軍が4名いる(10代 足利義稙(義稙)、11代 足利義澄、12代 足利義晴、14代 足利義栄)。
- Also, four shoguns who died in their place of exile (the tenth, Yoshitane ASHIKAGA; eleventh, Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA; twelfth, Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA; and fourteenth, Yoshihide ASHIKAGA).
- 自分を追放し、室町幕府を滅亡に追いやった信長に恨みを抱く足利義昭が、その権力を奪い返すために光秀をそそのかしたとする説。
- This view advocates that Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA who had hard feelings against Nobunaga who had expelled him and ruined the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), tempted Mitsuhide in order to regain Yoshiaki's power.
- しかし、666年には、既に斉明天皇は亡くなっており、穴穂部間人皇女(あなほべのはしひとのひめみこ)が即位したこともない。
- However, in 666, Emperor Saimei was not yet alive, and Anahobe no hashihitohime never ascended to the throne.
- そして、能煩野(三重県亀山市〉に到った倭建命はついに「倭は国のまほろば…」以下の4首の国偲び歌を詠って亡くなるのである。
- Finally arriving in Nobono (present-day Kameyama City in Mie Prefecture), Yamato Takeru no Mikoto composed four songs recalling his homeland starting with 'Yamato ha kuni no mahoroba...' (Yamato is an unsurpassed place among the lands...), and ended his life there.
- その後、梶井の友人である三好達治らの奔走により、亡くなる一年ほど前(1931年)に武蔵野書院より作品集として刊行された。
- Later, through the efforts of his friends such as Tatsuji MIYOSHI, a collection of Kajii's stories was published by Musashinoshoin in 1931, a year prior to his death.
- そして、御家人階層の没落傾向に対して新興階層である悪党の活動が活発化していき、この動きは鎌倉幕府滅亡へとつながっていく。
- The class of Gokenin began to fall, and to the contrary, a new class of Akuto (a villain in the medieval times) emerged, and this change later led to the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- そこで慶応年間には生活物資の流通機構を半国営化する「諸色会所」構想が唱えられたが、江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった。
- So a concept of 'shoshiki-kaisho' (shoshiki exchange), a semi-nationalized distribution channel of daily commodity, was advocated, but it was not brought to realization due to the fall of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 当時の尾張地方の織物業者の間では、女工の逃亡防止のため、寄宿舎の窓に鉄格子をはめ、入口を施錠することが常識となっていた。
- At that time, among the textile manufacturers located in the Owari region it was considered common sense to affix iron bars over the windows of the workers' dormitories and lock the doors (at night) so as to prevent the female workers from running away (to break their contracts).
- が、8世紀後期ごろから租税負担を回避するために逃亡・浮浪する百姓らが増加していくなど、律令制支配に行き詰まりが生じていた。
- However, from the latter eighth century, more farmers began to leave their land to become wanderers in order to avoid paying tax and the ritsuryo system was confronted with some change.
- 一方「謀叛」はいわゆる天皇に危害を加えるなどの大逆罪を含まない国家(政権)の転覆及び敵国への内通・亡命などが対象となった。
- On the other hand, '謀叛' was a crime of attempting to overthrow the government without damaging the emperor (without high treason crime), as well as betrayal or defection to foreign countries.
- この説は、当時の合戦にしては異常ともいえる死亡率の高さの説明にもなり、状況証拠などを分析により一定の信憑性があるとされる。
- This theory enables the explanation of the unusually high death rate for battles at that time and is said to have a certain amount of credibility based on analyses of circumstantial evidence and others.
- このため、松田氏滅亡後も「備前法華」と称される強力な門徒団が形成され、後に備前は不受不施派の拠点として知られるようになる。
- Therefore, even after the destruction of the Matsuda clan, a powerful follower group called 'Bizen Hokke' was formed, which later made Bizen known as the base of Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give) School.
- 清原氏は安倍氏の地位を受け継いだが、後三年の役で滅亡し、藤原清衡がその地位を継承して奥州藤原氏による黄金時代を築き上げた。
- The Kiyohara clan succeeded to the position of the Abe clan, but Go Sannen no Eki (the Later Three Years' War) led to their downfall, and FUJIWARA no Kiyohira succeeded the Kiyohara clan, establishing the golden age of the Oshu Fujiwara clan.
- その前後で越前国の朝倉氏や甲斐国武田氏を破りその後滅亡させるなど反抗する大名を武力で屈服させて天下統一事業を推進していた。
- He defeated and exterminated the Asakura clan of Echizen Province and the Takeda clan of Kai Province, submitted resisting daimyo (feudal lords) with military power and promoted unification of the whole country.
- 1333年、反幕勢力の結集により鎌倉幕府が滅亡すると後醍醐天皇は京へ戻り、光厳天皇と正慶年号を廃して建武の新政を開始する。
- When the Kamakura shogunate collapsed due to the united actions of anti-bakufu forces in 1333, Emperor Godaigo returned to Kyoto, abolished Emperor Kogon and the era name of Shokyo, and started the Kenmu Restoration.
- 16日には、長浜城 (近江国)の妻木範賢、佐和山城の荒木行重、山本山城の阿閇貞征、山崎堅家が逃亡あるいは降伏し近江を平定。
- On June 16, Norikata TSUMAKI of Nagahama-jo Castle (in Omi Province), Yukishige ARAKI of Sawayama-jo Castle, Sadayuki ATSUJI of Yamamotoyama-jo Castle and Kataie YAMAZAKI either ran away or surrendered, and Omi was subjugated as a result.
- 寛徳2年(1045年)に一子・橘仲俊をもうけたが、俊通は康平元年(1058年)に亡くなり、子も独立して彼女は孤独になった。
- In 1045 she gave birth to a son, TACHIBANA no Nakatoshi, but Toshimichi died in 1058 and her son became independent of her, so she lived alone.
- 末期養子の届出に押判しなければならない当主が既に死亡していて、押印が偽造されている事態を防止するために行われるものである。
- It was also performed to prevent cases where the seal on the application for matsugo yoshi had been forged, since the family head who was supposed to affix his seal on the application had already deceased.
- しかし、1497年(明応5年)に庇護を受けていた斎藤利国が亡くなると、勢力を盛り返した政経に追われて美濃国海津に寄留する。
- However, after Takakiyo's patron, Toshikuni SAITO, died in 1497, Masatsune re-gained power and forced Takakiyo to flee to Kaizu, the Mino Province.
- 折から妊娠していた葵の上は産褥に御息所の生霊に苦しめられ、無事男子(夕霧 (源氏物語))を出産したものの亡くなってしまう。
- Aoi, who is pregnant and in childbed, gives birth to a baby boy (Yugiri), but is tortured by the spirit of Rokujo no Miyasudokoro and dies.
- 乳母子の大輔の命婦から亡き常陸宮の姫君の噂を聞いた源氏は、「零落した悲劇の姫君」という幻想に憧れと好奇心を抱いて求愛した。
- Genji, who heard a rumor about the daughter of Prince Hitachi from menotogo (a child with a nursemaid), Taifu no Myobu (a noblewoman who is a Commissioner's daughter), was captured by an illusion of 'a tragic princess who was ruined,' chasing the woman out of curiosity.
- 義仲が戦死したとき嫡子・源義高 (清水冠者)は頼朝の娘大姫の婿として鎌倉にいたが、逃亡を図って討たれ、義仲の家系は絶えた。
- When Yoshinaka died in the battle his heir MINAMOTO no Yoshitaka (Shimizu no Kanja) was in Kamakura as the husband of Yoritomo's daughter Ohime; he tried to escape but was killed, which put an end to the Yoshinaka family.
- また、前年に亡くなった人気の歌舞伎役者である市川團十郎 (8代目)の死絵も、「大鯰後の生酔」という鯰絵に影響を与えている。
- The shini-e (woodblock prints for commemoration issued as a memorial when a famous actor, etc. dies) of Danjuro ICHIKAWA (VIII), who was a kabuki actor and died in the previous year influenced the namazu-e titled 'Onamazu nochi no namayoi' (Drunk after the big catfish).
- しかしその世帯じみた風情も何もない生活から、夕霧の心は次第に柏木の未亡人(つまり雲居の雁の義姉)落葉の宮へと移っていった。
- Because of this domesticated life style which lacked elegance, Yugiri's affection gradually shifted toward Kashiwagi's widow (that is, the sister-in-law of Kumoi no kari), Ochiba no miya.
- なお、富樫満成は高野山に逃亡したものの、1419年2月28日(応永26年2月4日)に畠山満家の討伐によって殺害されている。
- Mitsunari TOGASHI fled to Mt. Koya, but was killed by the subjugation of Mitsuie HATAKEYAMA on February 28, 1419.
- 安政の大獄は幕府の規範意識の低下や人材の欠如を招き、反幕派による尊攘活動を激化させ、幕府滅亡の遠因ともなったとも言われる。
- Ansei no Taigoku lead to a decrease in general awareness and a shortfall in human resources in the shogunate, plus intensified Sonno activities by the anti-shogunate group, and it is said these were underlying causes in the fall of the government.
- 第二次世界大戦中日本に亡命していたスバス・チャンドラ・ボースなどのインド独立運動家を指して「インド独立の志士」とも呼んだ。
- Subhas Chandra Bose, a leader in the Indian independence movement who fled to Japan during the World War 2, was also called a ''Shishi' of the Indian independence movement'.
- しかし、経時はその後、重病となり寛元4年(1246年)3月、弟・時頼に執権職を譲った直後、閏4月に23歳の若さで死亡する。
- However, Tsunetoki later had a serious illness, and immediately after he gave the shikken no shiki to his brother, Tokiyori, in March, 1246, he died at the young age of 23 in May.
- 時平は若くして亡くなり、天皇との外戚関係が無かったために摂関の地位に付かなかったものの、妹の藤原穏子を醍醐天皇の中宮とした。
- Tokihira died young and could not take up the position of Sekkan as he had no maternal relatives to the Emperor, but he made his younger sister, FUJIWARA no Onshi a chugu (the second consort of an emperor) of Emperor Daigo.
- 元寇では過重な軍役に比して所領の加増が少なかったことが鎌倉得宗への不満として蓄積し、鎌倉幕府滅亡の遠因になったと考えられる。
- Since the territory was not increased as much as excessive military services imposed during the Mongolian Expeditions against Japan, dissatisfaction built up among the samurai retainers with the the head of the Hojo clan regent of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), which supposedly formed a remote cause of the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
- いずれにせよ、勝頼と信勝は岩殿行きを断念、勝頼主従らは武田氏の先祖が自害した天目山(山梨県甲州市大和町)を目指して逃亡した。
- In any case, Katsuyori and Nobukatsu gave up moving to Iwadono, and Katsuyori (TAKEDA) and his retainers escaped to Tenmokuzan Mountain (Yamato-cho, Koshu City, Yamanashi Prefecture) where ancestors of the Takeda clan committed suicide.
- 天正10年6月3日朝に堺経由で情報がもたらされると、親織田派として幅を利かせていた鈴木孫一はその夜のうちに雑賀から逃亡した。
- After it was informed via the Sakai region in the morning of July 2, 1582, Magoichi SUZUKI, who had power as a pro-Oda group, escaped from Saiga during the night.
- 15世紀末に至り、伯父北条早雲の助けで家督争いに勝利した今川氏親は、亡父今川義忠の代で頓挫していた遠江国への再侵攻を試みた。
- At the end of the 15th century, Ujichika IMAGAWA who won succession dispute with the help of his uncle Soun HOJO attempted invasion upon Totomi Province, which had failed at the time of his late father Yoshitada IMAGAWA.
- これにより、実質的に室町幕府は滅亡したのである(ただし、なおも義昭自身は征夷大将軍の地位にあり、従三位の位階も保っていた)。
- With that, Muromachi bakufu practically went to ruin. (However, Yoshiaki was still in the position of Seii taishogun and held Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank).)
- 白石が主君・徳川家宣に『通鑑綱目』を進講しつつ、日本古来の治乱興亡の沿革に深い関心を寄せていた家宣のために書いたものである。
- It was written for his master Ienobu TOKUGAWA, who became deeply interested in the historical changes of ancient Japan in times of war and peace, rise and fall, when Hakuseki gave a lecture on 'Tongjian Gangmu' (Outline and Details of the Comprehensive Mirror) in his presence.
- 白峯(しらみね) - 西行が讃岐国にある在俗時代の主崇徳天皇の陵墓、白峯陵に参拝したおり、崇徳上皇の亡霊と対面し、論争する。
- Shiramine - When Saigyo visits Sanuki Province and pays reverence at Shiramine no Misasagi, as a layman visiting the imperial mausoleum of Emperor Sutoku, he meets a departed spirit of the Emperor and argues with him.
- そして、道真の名誉回復が早い時期に実現したのも「道真怨霊説」だけでなく、亡き時平と忠平との確執が背景にあったと言われている。
- It is also said that the early restoration of Michizane's reputation was attributable not only to 'Michizane's vengeful ghost' but also to the conflict between Tadahira and the deceased Tokihira.
- 百地三太夫(百地丹波)について伊賀流忍術を学んだが、三太夫の妻と密通した上に妾を殺害して逃亡したとの伝承もよく知られている。
- There also is a well-known lore, in which he studied Iga style ninjutsu under Sandayu MOMOCHI (Tanba MOMOCHI), but he committed adultery with Sandayu's wife, and furthermore, he killed his mistress and fled.
- その後も二人は文を交わしたが、やがて常陸介が亡くなり、一人残された空蝉は継子の河内国守(元紀伊国守)の懸想を避けて出家した。
- They continued to exchange letters, but before long the Lord of Hitachi passed away, and Utsusemi, who was left alone, became a nun to avoid her stepchild, the Governor of Kawachi Province (the former Governor of Ki Province), who was in love with her.
- 死亡者の家には跡目相続が認められたが、直弼の護衛に失敗した生存者に対しては、2年後の1862年(文久2年)に処分が下された。
- Although the families of the deceased received their inheritance, the survivors of those who had failed to protect Naosuke were punished in 1862, two years after the incident.
- そのような解釈は明治期の那珂通世、菅政友らの研究から見られ、津田左右吉を経て戦後に末松保和『任那興亡史』において大成された。
- Such interpretation can be seen in the studies by Michiyo NAKA and Masatomo KAN in the Meiji period, followed by Sokichi TSUDA and it was perfected in 'History of the Rise and Fall of Mimana' by Yasukazu SUEMATSU after the war.
- 1月31日午前9時頃、鳴沢北方の炭焼き小屋にいた三浦武雄伍長と阿部卯吉一等卒の2人が救出されるが三浦伍長は救出後に死亡した。
- Around 9 a.m. on January 31, Corporal Takeo MIURA and Private First Ukichi ABE, who had been staying in a charcoal making shack in the northern Narusawa, were rescued, though Corporal Miura died after being rescued.
- しかし、1871年に「外国掛捕亡役」「居留地廻方」が廃止となり、「居留地取締掛」が単独で居留地の警察を専管することとなった。
- But in 1871, the 'Gaikoku keihoboyaku' and the 'Kyoryuchi mawarigata' were disbanded, leaving the 'Kyoryuchi torishimari kakari' with exclusive police jurisdiction over the settlement.
- 江戸幕府が全国的な貨幣統一を確立するのは豊臣氏が滅亡してその全国支配が確立した後に発行された寛永通宝の発行まで待つ事になる。
- Nationwide currency by the Edo Shogunate was not established until the Kanei Tsuho coin, which was issued after the Edo Shogunate established the government of the entire nation when the Toyotomi clan was ruined.
- 「故に我輩は朝鮮の滅亡、其期遠からざるを察して、一応は政府のために之を弔し、顧みて其国民の為には之を賀せんと欲する者なり。」
- Therefore, thinking that the destruction of Korea is not far away, for the government I will show remorse, but for the people, I feel like celebrating.'
- 中世には葛西氏の家臣となって奥州に土着し、三つの家系が交互に興亡して近隣の諸勢力と抗争しつつ、多くの分家庶流を生んで繁茂した。
- In medieval times they were localized in Oshu as retainers of the KASAI clan; the three family lines rose and fell alternately, had conflicts with neighboring forces and spawned many branch families.
- 天正元年(1573年)9月に浅井氏が滅亡すると、秀吉は浅井郡・坂田郡の支配権を与えられ、本拠地として長浜城 (近江国)を築城。
- After the AZAI clan was destroyed in October 1573, Hideyoshi, who was given control of Azai County and Sakata County, built Nagahama-jo Castle in Omi Province as his base.
- 1575年長篠の戦いに敗北、信玄時代からの重臣を失うと一挙に衰退し、1582年織田信長に攻め込まれて滅亡した(天目山の戦い)。
- The clan declined in one stroke when it was defeated in the Battle of Nagashino and lost senior vassals who had served from the era of Shingen, and it was eventually ruined in 1575 by the attack of Nobunaga ODA (the Battle of Tenmokuzan).
- 国人間の重層的な姻戚関係により奥州国人すべて親族血縁の誼を通じていたため、領土紛争も互いの存亡をかける争いには発展しなかった.
- Because all the local lords in the Oshu region had a close relationship each other through either blood or marriage, a territorial dispute hardly developed into a dead or alive conflict.
- 王朝政権の接収・大々的な外交の展開といった清盛の構想が実現したのは、平氏が滅亡してからおよそ200年後、足利義満の時代だった。
- Kiyomori's plan to create the court government and develop major trade and diplomacy was finally realized about 200 years after the Taira clan died out, during the period of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.
- だが、大内義興が本国情勢によって帰国すると、高国は亡命先で没した義澄の遺児足利義晴を新将軍に擁立して義稙と澄元連合軍を破った。
- But when Yoshioki OUCHI was forced to return to his home provinces due to unrest there, Takakuni took Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA, the orphan son of Yoshizumi, who had died in exile, and raised him up as the new Shogun, defeating the combined armies of Yoshitane and Sumimoto.
- 9世紀末頃になると、百姓らの偽籍・浮浪・逃亡が顕著となり、軍事動員の対象となるべき百姓を各戸ごとに把握することが困難となった。
- At the end of the 9th century, false registration, vagrancy, or escape by farmers became prominent; therefore, it was difficult to know for each household who could be mobilized in military affairs.
- この太閤検地の実施により兵糧を絶やすことなく小田原城を約20万の兵で囲み、北条氏を滅亡させた(小田原の役)のは有名な話である。
- It is a famous story that Hideyoshi attacked Odawara-jo Castle surrounding it with two hundred thousand samurai and succeeded in defeating the Hojo clan (this battle is called 'the Siege of Odawara'), without running out of provisions owing to the Taiko-kenchi.
- 日本を含めた諸外国の研究者の間では、一進会が大日本帝国の侵略の意図を見抜けず韓国を亡国へと導く役割を果たしたことは事実である。
- Many of the world researchers including Japan agreed that it was true that Isshinkai couldn't see through the intention of invasion Empire of Japan had aimed at and happened to play a role for leading Korea to the ruin.
- 同船には清国人(中国人)苦力231名が乗船していたが、数日後過酷な待遇から逃れる為に清国人が海へ逃亡しイギリス軍艦が救助した。
- A few days later, 231 Qing laborers jumped off the ship into the sea to escape the harsh treatment, and were rescued by a British warship.
- 酒類は1980年に国家による専売制を廃止したが、その後偽造酒による死亡事件、傷害事件が相次いでおり、復活を検討する動きもある。
- The national monopolization of alcohol was abolished in 1980, but after that there happened incidents that people were killed and injured because of fake alcohol, so the restoration of the policy is being considered by some people.
- 死亡年月日と老若男女を対比させると、「去年」の秋から冬にかけて女性と老人の死亡が多く、「今年」は成人の男性が6月に死亡している。
- When contrasting the date of death with the deceased people by age and gender, many women and old people died from autumn to winter of the 'previous year,' and adult men died in June of 'this year.'
- 同時に、頼朝は弟の源範頼・源義経を派遣し、平氏追討に当たらせ、1185年、壇ノ浦の戦いで平氏が滅亡し、6年に渡る内乱が終結した。
- At the same time he sent his younger brothers MINAMOTO no Noriyori and MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune to search for and destroy the Taira clan which were destroyed in the Battle of Dan no Ura in 1185, ending the civil war which had lasted for six years.
- 及川光房の曾孫・及川光政は結城合戦で討死、結城氏は一時滅亡となり、光政の子・及川光村はすべての所領を失い、逃げて葛西氏を頼った。
- Mitsufusa OIKAWA's great-grandson Mitsumura OIKAWA was killed in the Yuki War, so that the line temporarily went to ruin; Mitsumasa's son Mitsumura OIKAWA lost his territories, ran away and sought refuge in the KASAI clan.
- こうして唐以降、正史は王朝の支配の正統性を明らかにする道具となり、王朝が成立すると滅亡した前王朝の正史を編纂させるようになった。
- Therefore, beginning in the Tang and continuing thereafter, the official histories became a tool to display the legitimacy of the current dynasty's rule, so before long, whenever a new dynasty arose it would act to compile an official history of the dynasty that had just collapsed.
- 唐が滅亡した後も唐の正朔を奉じ続けた呉 (十国)に見られるように、唐全体の経済を支える江南地域は比較的朝廷に対して恭順であった。
- As it can be seen in Wu (Ten Kingdoms) that continued to respect Tang's calendar even after the fall of the Tang Dynasty, the Jiangnan area, which supported the overall economy of Tang, was relatively obedient to the imperial court.
- 大内政弘の後を継いだ大内義興は、少弐氏を一時滅亡に追いやるなど北九州・中国地方の覇権を確立し、その勢力基盤を確固たるものとした。
- Yoshioki OUCHI, who succeeded to Masahiro OUCHI, established a hegemony in northern Kyushu and Chugoku regions, as well as driving the Shoni clan to a temporary fall, and consolidated the base of his power.
- 『平家物語』や『愚管抄』など同時代の文献は、平氏滅亡後に平氏政権に抑圧されてきた貴族社会や寺社層の視点で描かれてきたものが多い。
- Documents written at the same time period such as 'The Tale of the Heike' and 'Gukansho' (Miscellany of Ignorant Views) are often written after the decline of the Taira clan and from the viewpoint of the aristocracy and temple classes that were suppressed under the Taira clan administration.
- 一向一揆はその後も上杉氏、朝倉氏などと抗争を繰り返し、朝倉氏滅亡後は越前をも支配するが、織田信長との石山戦争に敗れ、殲滅された。
- Even after that, ikko ikki repeated struggles with the Uesugi clan, Asakura clan and so on and, after the Asakura clan was ruined, it controlled Echizen also, but, they were defeated and annihilated by Nobunaga in the Ishiyama War.
- 武田勝頼期には長篠の戦いにおける敗退で領国の動揺を招き、織田・徳川連合軍の侵攻により武田氏は滅亡し、信濃諸族は織田氏に臣従した。
- In Katsuyori TAKEDA's time, commotion in the territory occurred because of the defeat in the Battle of Nagashino and the Takeda clan was ruined by the attack by the allied forces of the Oda and Tokugawa clans and gozoku in Shinano rendered homage and service to the Oda clan.
- 貧困層は、富豪層の影響下に入ることで、偽籍・逃亡・浮浪をより容易なものとし、人別支配に基づく課税制度は破綻を迎えるようになった。
- Since the poor were under the influence of the millionaires, the former could falsify the register, escape and wander about more easily than before, which lead to the downfall of the individual-based tax system.
- 後醍醐は幕府滅亡後に京都で建武の新政を開くが、南北朝時代 (日本)には吉野へ移り、皇居や行政機関を置いて吉野朝廷(南朝)が成立。
- After demolition of the shogunate, Godaigo carried out the Kenmu Restoration in Kyoto, but he moved to Yoshino in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and established Yoshino Imperial Court (Southern Court) by setting up a palace and administrative organs.
- 『新古今和歌集』編纂の中心人物だった藤原定家とその子の藤原為家が亡くなると、家系も歌壇も二条派・京極派・冷泉派の三派に分かれた。
- After FUJIWARA no Sadaie, who was the chief composer of the 'Shin Chokusen wakashu,' and his son FUJIWARA no Tameie died, the Fujiwara lineage and the poetry circles became divided into three schools: the Nijo, the Kyogoku, and the Reizei schools.
- 作者が未完のままに亡くなったため、作品の全体像が掴めないという難点はあるが、雅俗折衷の文体は当時から華麗なものとして賞賛された。
- Because the author died before completing the work, it is hard to see the perspective picture of the novel, but the compromise between the classical and colloquial styles was praised and considered splendid.
- 8月 (旧暦)の中ごろに葵の上は難産のすえ男子(夕霧 (源氏物語))を出産するが、数日後の秋の司召の夜に容体が急変し亡くなった。
- Lady Aoi gave birth to Yugiri after a difficult delivery approximately in the middle of the eighth month (old calendar), but a few days later, on the night of the autumn conference on promotions and appointments, her condition took a sudden turn for the worse and she passed away.
- (穴山信君、武田信廉はもともと勝頼とは仲が悪かったとはいえ、これらは総大将の勝頼の命令を無視した敵前逃亡と言うべきものだった)。
- (Nobukimi ANAYAMA and Nobukado TAKEDA who admittedly had been in bad terms with Katsuryori were as good as deserting in the face of the enemy in defiance of the command of Supreme Commander Katsuyori).
- ヨーロッパではブルガリアやベルギーといった小国が大国の狭間にあって、列強の相互利益が合致しているために亡国とならずに済んでいる。
- In Europe for instance, small countries such as Belgium and Bulgar existed between powerful countries and did not collapse, because powerful countries built mutually-beneficial relations with other countries.
- 下地の亡骸は、派出所警官が引き上げ、県が嘆願して政府から下賜された埋葬料25円、遺族扶助料90円をもって那覇の寺院に改葬された。
- Shimoji's corpse was taken by the officers of the police station, and was reburied in the temple in Naha with the burial fee, 25 yen and the survivor's benefit, 90 yen, which was given by the government due to the request of Okinawa Prefecture.
- 落雷は隣の紫宸殿にも走り、右兵衛佐美努忠包が髪を、同じく紀蔭連が腹を、安曇宗仁が膝を焼かれて死亡、更に警備の近衛府も2名死亡した。
- Lightning flashed through the Shishinden (hall for state ceremonies), and Uhyoe no suke (assistant captain of the Right Division of Middle Palace Guards) MINU no Tadakane's hair caught fire and he died, Uhyoe no suke KI no Kagetsura's stomach was burnt and he died, Azumi Munehito's knees were burnt and he died, and two guards of Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards) died.
- 平安時代に書かれた日本現報善悪霊異記に、出挙によって金銭亡者となったり返済に苦悩したりする都市住民の様子がまざまざと描かれている。
- 'Nihon genho zenaku ryoiki' (set of three books of Buddhist stories) written in the Heian period vividly depicts the condition of the people living in the urban areas who became money-mad due to Suiko or were suffering from repayment.
- これに対して保則は出羽国の現状を報告して、寛大な政策をおこなって苛政によって逃亡した夷俘の還住を促すことこそ上策であると意見した。
- In response he reported on the status of Dewa Province and stated the opinion that it would be better to adopt a sympathetic policy to urge the Ifu, who had fled from their homes due to misrule, to return to their homes.
- 滅亡の危機に瀕した奥州吉良氏であるが、初代鎌倉公方の足利基氏から招かれた治家が上野国飽間郷に移住すると、徐々に勢力を回復し始める。
- Oshu Kira clan was on the verge of the extinction, but Haruie restored power gradually after Motouji ASHIKAGA of the first Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) invited him to relocate into Akima-go, Kozuke Province.
- 北条氏の滅亡後、頼純の長男足利国朝も秀吉の計らいにより足利氏姫(最後の古河公方である足利義氏 (古河公方)の娘)と結婚を許された。
- After the Hojo clan fell, Kunitomo ASHIKAGA, the first son of Yorizumi, was allowed at Hideyoshi's discretion to marry Ujihime ASHIKAGA, the daughter of Yoshiuji ASHIKAGA (the last Koga-kubo).
- 直後の4月28日、「太郎焼亡」と称される大火が発生、大極殿および関白松殿基房以下13人の公卿の邸宅が焼失して、人々に衝撃を与えた。
- Soon after, on June 3, an extensive fire referred to as 'Taro Shobo' broke out and shocked the people as it burned down the Daigoku-den Palace and housing complexes of 13 aristocrats including Motofusa MATSUDONO (chief adviser to the Emperor).
- 鎌倉時代末期には蝦夷の反乱が鎌倉幕府を揺るがし、幕府滅亡後には安東氏が十三湊を本拠地に栄えるが、やがて南部氏の興隆により没落する。
- In the closing days of the Kamakura period, a revolt by the people of Ezo had thrown the Kamakura bakufu into turmoil, and after the bakufu's collapse, the Ando clan had created flourishing strongholds out of thirteen ports, but eventually the Ando clan was brought to ruin by the rising fortunes of the Nanbu clan.
- 永禄9年(1566)に十市遠勝が筒井順慶に圧迫されて今井に亡命した後を追って川井助衛門尉正治が一族郎党をひきつれて当地に移住した。
- Tokatsu TOCHI defected to Imai to escape from suppression by Junkei TSUTSUI in 1566, followed by Sukeemonnojo Masaharu KAWAI moving to the town with his family and retainers.
- 幽霊があらわれて7日目に赤ん坊が発見される件に注目し、釈迦を生んで7日で亡くなった摩耶夫人のエピソードとの関連を指摘する説もある。
- Some people pay attention to the passages in which a baby is found seven days after a ghost appears, pointing out that it has something to do with the episode of Maya, who passed away seven days after she gave birth to Shakyamuni.
- 若くして亡くなった薄幸の女性というほかには際立って印象に残るエピソードは無いが、『源氏物語』(正編)の全体に影を落とす存在である。
- There is not a particularly impressive episode concerning her except that she was ill-fated and died young, but her figure cast a shadow over whole chapters of 'The Tale of Genji' (Seihen, the main part of a book).
- しかしながら、吉野は承和の変で失脚し、その直後には緒嗣が亡くなる等の条件も重なり、以後は式家が再び政治の中枢に立つ事は無くなった。
- However, Yoshino lost his position during the Jowa Incident, and right after the downfall of Yoshino, Otsugu died, making Shikike step aside the center of the politics afterwards.
- 畠山氏の所領は時政の娘である重忠の妻に安堵され、妻は足利義純に再嫁して義純が畠山氏を継承した事により、畠山氏 (平姓)は滅亡した。
- Shigetada's wife, a daughter of Tokimasa, was approved to inherit the Hatakeyama clan's territories, however, when she married Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA and he became head of the Hatakeyama clan, the Hatakeyama clan, as a branch of the Taira clan, came to an end.
- 一方明王朝の滅亡により本来的には夷狄であるはずの清王朝が中国を支配するという現実世界での華夷の逆転も「天下」概念に大きく影響した。
- The Qing Dynasty, which had been originally iteki (barbarians) for China, began to rule China after the fall of the Ming dynasty, and such reversal in the relation between the Chinese and barbarians in the real world also affected the notion of 'Tenka.'
- 高松中納言藤原実衡の妻である真如房尼が亡き夫の菩提のために大原 (京都市)に建立した阿弥陀堂で、久安4年(1148年)の建立である。
- It is the Amida-do Hall whereby Shinnyobo-ni, the wife of Takamatsu Chunagon FUJIWARA no Sanehira had built in Ohara (Kyoto City) during 1148 to pray for the happiness of her dead husband.
- 元の滅亡や南北朝動乱の継続により、日中双方の中央政体が混乱し、唐船に与える名目も喪失したため、寺社造営料唐船の時代は終わりを告げた。
- The age of trading vessels dispatched to Yuan ended because the grounds given to Tosen disappeared under the confusion of the central governments of both Japan and China due to the fall of Yuan as well as continued disturbances between Northern and Southern Dynasties.
- 父祖が死亡している場合はもとより無関係であるが、父祖が存命中に子孫が父祖のために敵討をすれば、父祖も連座で罰せられるとの規定である。
- It goes without saying that this would be irrelevant if the father or grandfather were already dead; however, this provision stipulates that if the son or grandson avenged his father or grandfather while his father or grandfather was still alive, his father or grandfather would also be punished for being guilty by association.
- 班田収授は、奈良時代最末期になると、浮浪・逃亡する百姓の増加や、そうした百姓を荘園が受け入れたことを背景として、次第に弛緩し始めた。
- Handen Shuju was gradually relaxed in the late Nara period due to an increasing number of peasant wandering around or escaping, and the existence of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) accepted those peasants.
- しかし、9世紀に入ると支配・収取から逃れるために百姓たちの逃亡・浮浪が顕著となっていき、律令制支配・収取は大きな転換が迫られていた。
- In the ninth century, however, farmers began to flee from their villages and became vagrants in increasing numbers in order to escape government control and taxation, thereby necessitating a major change in the system of administration and taxation based on the ancient ritsuryo legal codes.
- 頼朝は平家の滅亡後、源氏一門の多くを謀叛の罪として処刑し、吉見氏の祖である範頼もその例に漏れなかったが、子孫は源氏の名門として存続。
- After the fall of the Heike family, Yoritomo executed many members of the Minamoto families on charge of rebellion including Noriyori, the first head of the Yoshimi clan, but Noriyori's descendants managed to survive as a distinguished family of the Minamoto clan.
- しかし、天文 (元号)20年(1551年)に大宮家は大内義隆に対する謀反の兵を挙げた陶隆房によって攻められて滅亡した(大寧寺の変)。
- In 1551, however, the Omiya family was attacked and destroyed by Takafusa SUE, who raised an army in rebellion against Yoshitaka OUCHI (an event known as the Taineiji Incident).
- これは、アヘン戦争敗北を受けた清の香港割譲・開国など幕府の「危急存亡の秋」という特殊事情が反映されたものである(→安政の改革参照)。
- This was a reflection of the government's special circumstances, a 'critical moment,' such as the cession of Hong Kong by Qing after the defeat of the First Opium War, and the opening of the country to the world (refer to Ansei Reform).
- 内規に反した等として粛清された者は相当数にのぼり、一説には勤皇志士との斬りあいで死亡した者より、粛清で落命した者の方が多いともいう。
- Significant number of men were purged on such grounds as violating internal rules, etc., and according to one view, more men lost their lives through such purges than through fighting with Imperial loyalists.
- もっとも京都見廻組などが律儀に管轄を守っていたのに対し、新撰組は浪士の逃亡などを理由に管轄破りをすることも少なくなかったといわれる。
- Nevertheless, while Kyoto Mimawarigumi dutifully stayed in their area, Shinsen-gumi is said to have often gone outside their assigned area, for various reasons such reasons as escape of members, etc.
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡後、高氏は後醍醐天皇から勲功第一とされ、鎮守府将軍および従四位下左兵衛督に任ぜられ、またに30箇所の所領を与えられた。
- After the fall of the Kamakura shogunate, Emperor Go-Daigo considered Takauji's work to be commendable, and gave him the ranks of Chinjufu Shogun and Sahyoe no Kami with the courtly title of Fourth Rank, Junior Grade, along with 30 plots of land.
- 信長によって京を追われたとき、本願寺顕如らの仲介もあって信長は助命し、妹婿の河内の大名である三好義継(三好家当主)のもとへ亡命した。
- When Yoshiaki was exiled from Kyoto by Nobunaga, he was not killed because of the intervention of Kennyo of Honganji-Temple; Yoshiaki fled to Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI (a leader of the MIYOSHI clan), who was a feudal lord of Kawachi and his sister's husband.
- 光秀が変を起こした際、三法師(織田秀信)を保護しながら前田玄以や織田長益(有楽斎)らが京都から逃亡しているのも、それを証左している。
- It is demonstrative of this that when Mitsuhide instigated Honno-ji no Hen, Geni MAEDA and Nagamasu ODA (Urakusai) escaped from Kyoto.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡前夜の元弘元年(1331年)から室町幕府最後の征夷大将軍足利義昭が死去した慶長2年(1597年)までの歴史を描いている。
- It portrays the history from 1331, just before the downfall of the Kamakura bakufu, to 1597, the year in which Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, the final Muromachi Shogun, died.
- 亡母に似ているとして父帝の後宮に入った藤壺を慕い、遂に一線を越えて子(後の冷泉帝)をなすが、密通の事実は世に知られることはなかった。
- His feelings for Fujitsubo, who enters the kokyu (Empress's residence) of his father because she looks like his lost mother, became stronger and he has a sexual relationship with her (resulting in Emperor Reizei), but no one knows of their illicit affair.
- 出家することになった朱雀院が、うら若い女三宮に母も亡く後見人もいないことを不憫に思い、准太上天皇となっていた源氏への降嫁を決断した。
- When Emperor Suzaku was going to renounce the world, he felt pity for the young and innocent Onna San no Miya, who had lost her own mother and had no guardian, and determined to marry her to Genji, who had been reduced to the status of a subject but had been made a Jun Daijo tenno (quasi ex-emperor).
- そこで、兄弟の後援者であった北条時政が黒幕となって頼朝を亡き者にしようとした暗殺未遂事件でもあったのだという説が言い伝えられている。
- Then, a theory has been passed down that this incident was also an attempted assassination of Yoritomo by the brothers' supporter Tokimasa HOJO as a power broker.
- 土佐藩軍艦府は、警備の藩兵に取締を命じ、帰艦を諭示させたが、言葉が通じず、混雑もあって、水兵側は土佐の隊旗を倒伏、逃亡しようとした。
- The Gunkan-fu (warship section) of the Tosa Domain ordered Tosa security retainers to police the sailors and urge them to return to their ship; confused as a result of the language barrier and the congestion in the area, however, the French sailors tried to escape from the security retainers, knocking over a flag of the Tosa security group in the process.
- 居留地設置直後は、日本側の「外国掛捕亡役」「居留地廻方」と居留地の自治組織である「行事局」が設置する「居留地取締掛」が並立していた。
- Immediately after the foreign settlement was established, three settlement police forces existed simultaneously, the 'Gaikoku keihoboyaku' (the 'troop handling the pursuit, apprehension and death of the foreign(ers)) and the 'Kyoryuchi mawarigata' (Settlement Patrolmen) representing Japan's police and the Kyoryuchi torishimari kakari' (Settlement Supervisors) which had been established by the 'Gyojikyoku,' the self-governing body of the settlement.
- 永正5年(1508年)4月、西から義興が率いる軍、東から高国が率いる伊賀国などの軍勢に攻められた澄元は京都を放棄して近江に逃亡した。
- In April 1508, Sumimoto was attacked by an army led by Yoshioki from the west and by an army of Iga and other provinces, which was led by Takakuni from the east, and Sumimoto abandoned Kyoto and ran away to Omi Province.
- 奥富敬之の『鎌倉北条氏の基礎的研究』でも『鎌倉北条氏の興亡』でも真偽のほどは保留しながらも、事件は『保暦間記』に沿って説明している。
- In his 'A basic research on the Hojo clan in the Kamakura period' as well as 'The rise and fall of the Hojo clan in the Kamakura period,' Takayuki OKUDOMI explains the incident based on descriptions in 'Horyakukanki,' although he withholds the judgment of whether the descriptions were true or not.
- しかし駕籠に乗せられ逃亡中に、後藤又兵衛が家康の駕籠を槍で突き刺し、重傷を負った家康は堺の寺に運ばれそこで死亡したとするものである。
- Ieyasu escaped in a palanquin, but Matabee GOTO pushed a spear into the palanquin, and he was seriously injured and carried to the temple in Sakai where he later died.
- 当然このような劣悪な状況では途中で飢餓や病により倒れたり、死亡したりして行旅死亡人となる者も多く、初期の頃から社会問題化し始めていた。
- As a matter of course, the severe conditions caused many people to collapse from starvation and illnesses or even die en route, causing the issue to be recognized as a social problem.
- 武田氏の滅亡後、北信濃を任された森長可が本能寺の変により撤退、代わって上杉景勝が進出するのに伴って高梨氏は旧領に復帰することができた。
- After the downfall of the Takeda clan, Nagayoshi MORI, who had been placed in charge of northern Shinano, retreated due to the incident at Honno-ji, and the Takanashi clan retrieved the old manor once Kagekatsu UESUGI gained ground.
- (後、喜村山城他一連の城は滅亡し、一方、松山城は存続し繁栄したことから、後世において、史実が主従逆転し、錯誤して伝えられることになる。
- (Later, because Kimurayama-jo Castle and other related castles were destroyed and Matsuyama-jo Castle continued to exist and enjoyed prosperity, the historical fact was reversed and, as a consequence, incorrect history was passed down to future generations.
- その関係もあり、大内義隆が守護代陶隆房の謀叛によって死亡し、大内氏を大内義長が継ぐと、これに反発して反陶の兵を挙げ、陶軍と戦っている。
- For this son-in-law-relationship, when Yoshitaka OUCHI was killed in the rebellion by Shugodai (deputy military governor) Takafusa SUE and replaced by Yoshinaga OUCHI as head of Ouchi family, Masayori raised his own army to fight against the Sue's army.
- 1589年には実子鶴松が生まれ、後継者と定めていたが、1590年に天下統一を果たした直後の1591年には秀長と鶴松が相次いで死亡する。
- In 1589, his biological child Tsurumatsu was born, and Hideyoshi had decided Tsurumatsu to be his successor, however, soon after Hideyoshi achieved the unification of the whole country in 1590, Hidenaga and Tsurumatsu died successively in 1591.
- 藤壺亡き後も今なお彼女への思いおさえがたく、女三宮が紫の上同様に藤壺の姪であることにも心動かされた源氏は、これを断る事が出来なかった。
- Even after the passing of Fujitsubo, it was hard for Genji to stop loving her, and he was swayed by the fact that Onna San no Miya was a niece of Fujitsubo as was Murasaki no ue, so he could not refuse the offer.
- 藤壺が亡き母によく似ていると教えられ、5歳違いの彼女に懐いた源氏は、元服後も彼女を慕い続けて、次第に理想の女性として恋するようになる。
- Genji, who was only 5 years younger, was taught that Fujitsubo looked exactly like his dead mother and became attached to her, continued to yearn for her and gradually came to love her as his ideal lady.
- 天正10年3月に武田征伐を開始した織田信長は甲斐の武田氏を滅亡させ、甲斐から信濃、駿河、上野に及んだその領地は織田政権下に組み込まれた。
- Nobunaga ODA, who started the subjugation of Takeda in April 1582, subverted the Takeda clan in Kai, and its territory--including Kai, Shinano, Suruga and Kozuke--was placed under the Oda government.
- しかし、安芸武田氏9代武田信実の時代、1541年(天文_(元号)10年)6月に大内氏の命を受けた毛利元就によって銀山城は落城し滅亡した。
- However, in 1July 541 when Nobuzane Takeda was the ninth head of Aki-Takeda clan, Kanayama-jo Castle was ruined by Motonari MORI who was ordered to attack by the Ouchi clan, and the clan extinguished.
- 13日(5月2日)には政府の命令を受けた熊本藩兵が久留米城を接収して藩幹部を拘束(大楽は直前に逃亡)し、14日には愛宕通旭が捕縛された。
- On May 2, samurai of Kumamoto clan took over Kurume Castle and arrested top officials of the clan (Dairaku escaped in the last minute) under orders from the government, and Michiteru OTAGI was arrested on May 3.
- そのわずか3年後の1582年6月に光秀は本能寺の変を起こし一時天下人になるも、山崎の戦いにおいて豊臣秀吉に敗れ落命し、明智氏は滅亡する。
- In June 1582, only three years later, Mitsuhide caused the Honnoji Incident, and temporarily obtained the top position; however, he was defeated by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and died in the Battle of Yamazaki, leading to the downfall of the Akechi clan.
- 後白河法皇から守護地頭の設置を許可され、平家(平氏の中の伊勢平氏庶流の平清盛一族のこと)が壇ノ浦で滅亡した文治元年(1185年)とする。
- Another suggestion is that it started in 1185 when the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa allowed the establishment of Shugo and Jito (military governor and estate steward) and Heike (the family of TAIRA no Kiyomori, a collateral line of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) of the Taira clan) fell in Dan no ura.
- しかし同2月、伊賀で平維基の子孫らが、伊勢で平度光の子息らが蜂起し、両国の守護の経俊が赴いたが問答無用で襲撃され、無勢の経俊は逃亡した。
- However, in the same month, March, descendants of TAIRA no Koremoto and a group including sons of TAIRA no Koremitsu respectively raised a rebellion in Iga and Ise and Tsunetoshi, serving as the shugo in both the provinces, traveled to quell the rebellions, but he was attacked without having any talks and ran away lamely.
- 後に父の未亡人藤原登子(中宮安子の妹)が村上天皇に召されるという事件が起こったことも、徽子女王が後宮に落ち着かなかった一因であったろう。
- And later, her father's widow FUJIWARA no Nariko (the younger sister of Empress Anshi) was summoned to court by Emperor Murakami may have contributed to Kishi's unease at the inner palace.
- 天正元年(1573年)、浅井氏が滅亡すると、その旧領北近江国三郡に封ぜられて、今浜の地を「長浜」と改め、長浜城 (近江国)の城主となる。
- After AZAI clan was subverted in 1573, Hideyoshi was given three counties of northern Omi, which had been ruled by AZAI, changed the place-name of Imahama to Nagahama, and became a lord of Nagahama Castle (in Omi Province).
- 父・義元が桶狭間の戦いで織田信長によって討たれたため家督を継いだが、武田信玄と徳川家康の侵攻を受けて敗れ、大名としての今川家は滅亡した。
- He took over as the head of the family when his father, Yoshimoto, was killed by Nobunaga ODA at the Battle of Okehazama, but when he was invaded by Shingen TAKEDA and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA he lost, and the Imagawa family was destroyed as a daimyo.
- 1051年から1062年の前九年の役(奥州十二年合戦)で陸奥の安倍氏 (奥州)が滅亡し、出羽国の出羽清原氏が陸奥も支配することになった。
- As the result of Zenkunen War, (the Twelve-year War of Oshu) Abe clan of Mutsu Province (Oshu, the alternative name of Mutsu Province area) went to extinction, and Kiyohara clan of Dewa Province took control of both Dewa and Mutsu Provinces.
- しかし、1917年のロシア革命でロシア帝国が滅亡すると、協約はソビエト連邦政府によって破棄され、日本は中国権益の危機を迎えることとなる。
- But Japan came to face a crisis over her interests in China when the Russian Empire fell due to the Russian Revolution in 1917 and the Agreement was cancelled by the soviet Union government.
- 検察事務官等は、拘禁許可状により逃亡犯罪人を拘束したときは、できる限りすみやかに、これを東京高等検察庁の検察官に引致しなければならない。
- When a public prosecutor's assistant officer, et al. takes a fugitive into custody under a detention permit, the fugitive shall be brought to a public prosecutor of the Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office as promptly as is practicable.
- 「戸主高志公」(名を欠く)の戸では1年間に6名もの人が亡くなっているが、9世紀前半は日本古代史上でもまれにみる天変地異の続いた時代である。
- In Ko 'headed by KOSHI NO KIMI' (no given name), as many as six members died in one year, because the first half of the ninth century was a rare time in ancient Japanese history when natural disasters occurred continuously.
- 「家康は信繁勢に傷つけられ、堺市のさる寺(南宗寺)に逃げ込みそこで亡くなった」という俗説があり、南宗寺境内には「家康の墓」も現存している。
- There is a popular belief that 'Ieyasu was injured by Nobushige troop, ran away to a temple (Nanshu-ji Temple) and died there', and even now in the Nanshu-ji Temple there exists Ieyasu' s tomb.
- 永禄3年(1560年)に桶狭間の戦いで今川義元が信長に討たれて以降、弱体化していた今川氏の領国はたちまち瓦解し、当主の今川氏真は逃亡した。
- The territory of the Imagawa family, whose power declined after Yoshimoto IMAGAWA was killed by the Nobunaga side in the Battle of Okehazama in 1560, collapsed immediately, and Ujizane IMAGAWA, the head of the family, fled.
- 美術史上の区分では、法隆寺が焼亡した670年、ないし天武天皇即位の年である673年から、794年の平安遷都までを奈良時代とすることが多い。
- From the perspective of art history, the Nara period is commonly thought to have ranged from A.D. 670 (the year Horyu-ji Temple burned down) - or from A.D. 673 (the year Emperor Tenmu ascended to the throne) - to A.D. 794 (the year of the national capital transfer to Heian-kyo).
- 魏晋南北朝時代を封建制と捉える立場からは後漢の豪族たちによって使われていた小作農たちを奴隷とみなし、後漢の滅亡によりそれが変化したと見る。
- From the standpoint that the period of Wei and Jin in the Northern and Southern Dynasties was a time of the Hoken system, tenant peasants used by local ruling families were slaves, and the situation changed with the downfall of the Later Han Dynasty.
- さらに、毛利輝元率いる4万の援軍が接近しつつあり、秀吉は甲斐国武田氏を滅亡させたばかりの主君・信長に対して援軍を送るよう使者を向かわせた。
- Additionally, with the 40,000 support troops led by Terumoto MORI approaching, Hideyoshi dispatched a messenger to his lord Nobunaga, who had just defeated the Takeda clan in Kai Province, to send over support troops.
- 尼子氏の滅亡後に、山中幸盛や尼子勝久が尼子再興軍として出雲への侵攻を図り、旧尼子家臣団にも動揺が走り、再興軍に加わる国人や豪族が続出した。
- After the fall of the Amago clan, Yukimori YAMANAKA and Katsuhisa AMAGO organized an army to invade Izumo for the restoration of the Amago clan, which raised the morale among the old Amago retainers and induced local land lords and local ruling families to join the restoration army.
- なお、頼貞の嫡子である徳川頼韶が1958年に42歳の若さで亡くなり、それ以降は、家の名は頼貞の夫人や娘の女系によって名目上は保たれていた。
- Yoriaki TOKUGAWA, an heir of Yorisada, died young at the age of 42 in 1985, and after that the family name was kept by the female family members, namely Yorisada's wife and daughter, in name.
- 源氏との戦いに敗れた平維盛が密かに逃亡の道としたとする言い伝えがあり、それにちなむ史跡があったほか、平という集落には維盛の落人伝説がある。
- There is a legend that TAIRA no Koremori was defeated by Genji (the Minamoto clan) and ran away secretly using this road, and once there had been a historic site associated with the legend; in a village 'Taira,' there still remains a legend that Koremori ran away to the village.
- 七世紀末~八世紀初めに、滅亡後に移住した百済の王族、貴族が、持ってきた本国の史書から改めて編纂し直して天皇の官府に進めたと考えられている。
- It is thought that the royal family and nobles of Baekje who moved to Japan after it was subverted from the end of the seventh century to the beginning of the eighth century compiled the history book of their home country again and presented it to the government of the emperor.
- 白居易『長恨歌』の後半をモチーフとしており、また第1帖「桐壺」で源氏の父桐壺帝が亡き桐壺更衣を偲んで詠んだ和歌と呼応するものとなっている。
- The poem alludes to the latter half of the Juyi BAI's 'The Song of Everlasting Sorrow,' and it is also the response to the waka poem which was composed by Genji's father, Emperor Kiritsubo, when he remembered the late Kiritsubo no Koi (lower class court lady) in the first chapter of 'Kiritsubo' (The Paulownia Court).
- 義経は、平氏滅亡後直後に法皇から院の親衛隊長とも言うべき院御厩司に補任され、検非違使・左兵衛尉を伊予守と兼務し続け、引き続き京に留まった。
- Yoshitsune continued staying in Kyoto, as he was appointed by the Cloistered Emperor to additionally fill the vacant position of In no Miumaya no Tsukasa (retainer responsible for the stability of the cloistered emperor's government), or in other words, as the chief of the Cloistered Emperor's bodyguard, in addition to occupying the posts of police and judicial chief (Kebiishi) and officer of Outer Palace Guards (Saemon no jo), as well as the post of governor of Iyo Province.
- 一方夕霧は事の真相を気にしながら、柏木の遺言を守って未亡人となった落葉宮の元へ訪問を重ね、そのゆかしい暮らしぶりに次第に心惹かれていった。
- On the other hand, Yugiri, concerned about the story behind the story, repeatedly visited Ochiba no miya who became a widow following Kashiwagi's will and gradually became fascinated by her good life.
- この他、側室(按察大納言の娘)との間に一女(のちの紫の上)をもうけたが、北の方がこれを憎んだため、側室が亡くなった後も滅多に訪れなかった。
- In addition to them, he had a daughter (later known as Murasaki no ue) by his concubine (the daughter of Azechi no Dainagon), but his lawful wife hated her, so he rarely visited her even after the concubine died.
- そのため、小規模農民や中小規模の地主を問わず、滞納や逃亡、民田への不正な登録変更などが相次ぎ、国家は安定した収入を得る事が出来なくなった。
- Because of that, there were a succession of delinquency, desertation, illicit change of registration to private estate by small scale farmers and small or medium-sized landlords, and the state were unable to ensure the stable income.
- 江戸詰めの藩士たちは安井彦右衛門や藤井宗茂など赤穂藩から逃亡した者を除いて、多くが吉良義央を主君に代わって討つべしと主張するようになった。
- Except for the retainers working in Edo such as Hikoemon YASUI and Muneshige FUJII who escaped from Ako Domain, many started to claim that they should avenge Yoshinaka KIRA for their lord.
- しかし、同時に長慶を文弱に走らせてしまったのも事実であり、そして長慶の死、その後の三好家内紛が政権滅亡へのとどめとなってしまったのである。
- However, this caused Nagayoshi to devote himself to literature, which led to the death of Nagayoshi, internal conflict within the Miyoshi clan, and eventually to the fall of the Miyoshi's government.
- 1203年、重病に陥った頼家は、外祖父時政の手により伊豆の修善寺へ幽閉され、弟の源実朝が次の鎌倉殿・将軍位に就くと、翌1204年に死亡した。
- In 1203 Yoriie became seriously ill, was confined to Shuzen-ji Temple in Izu province by his maternal grandfather Tokimasa and died in 1204, the year after his younger brother MINAMOTO no Sanetomo assumed the position of Kamakura-dono/shogun.
- なお、蘆名家の一門であった針生氏は蘆名家滅亡後に伊達氏に仕え、この系統は延宝4年(1676年)に仙台藩主・伊達綱村の命により蘆名に改姓した。
- Incidentally, after the extinction of the Ashina clan, the Hariu family which was a branch of the Ashina family served the Date clan, and in 1676, had their family name changed to Ashina under orders of Tsunamura DATE, the lord of Sendai Domain.
- 行家は治承・寿永の乱の際に以仁王の平家追討の令旨を全国の源氏に伝え挙兵を促すなど活躍したが、平家滅亡後に甥の源頼朝と対立し、敗れ殺害された。
- Yukiie played an active role in passing on to all Genji people in the country Prince Mochihito's order to hunt down and kill the Heike family and raise an army against the Heike clan during the Jisho-Juei War, but after the fall of the Heike clan he entered a conflict with his nephew, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, as a result of which he was defeated and killed.
- また、治承・寿永の乱から平家の滅亡を追ううちに、没落しはじめた平安貴族たちと新たに台頭した武士たちの織りなす人間模様を見事に描き出している。
- It also splendidly depicts the fabric of human relationships between the declining Heian nobles and warriors on the rise, in the fall of the Taira family which had started since the Jisho-Juei War.
- しかし、物語(とくに半井本)では、為朝の弓に恐れをなして、逃亡、その後も恐れおののいて前線に出ることさえできなかった人物として描かれている。
- However, in the tale (particularly Nakaraibon), he was described as a man who was afraid of Tametomo's bow and fled, and that subsequently he couldn't even go to the front line.
- 景時滅亡後の正治3年(1201年)正月23日、景時が庇護して御家人となっていた城長茂が上洛し、大番役で在京していた小山朝政の宿所を襲撃する。
- On March 6, 1201 after the ruin of Kagetoki, Nagamochi JO, who became gokenin (vassal) under the protection of Kagetoki went to Kyoto, where he attacked the accommodation of Tomosama OYAMA who was staying in Kyoto as the guardian of Kyoto.
- 戸主が死亡したことなどにより家督相続が開始されたにもかかわらず、家督相続人となる者がいないために、家が消滅することをいう(旧民法764条)。
- It indicates a household which is abolished because there is no successor after former head of the family died even though the process of succession of the family head position has began (the Old Civil Codes, Article 764).
- 220年の漢の滅亡から589年の隋の統一まで続いた魏晋南北朝時代でも、三国時代 (中国)の魏 (三国)など勢力のある国が官印を支給していた。
- During the period of Wei and Jin in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which continued from 220 when the Han Dynasty was overthrown to 589 when the Sui Dynasty unified China, the powerful nations such as Wei, which was one of the three nations in the Three Kingdoms period (of Chinese history), provided kanin.
- その三浦氏が、1247年(宝治元)の宝治合戦で、安達氏・北条氏に滅亡させられたとき、一族の佐原盛時は北条氏について、後に三浦氏の惣領となった。
- When that Miura clan was defeated by the Adachi and Hojo clans during the Battle of Hoji in 1247, Moritoki SAHARA of the clan stood on the side of Hojo clan and later became the soryo of the Miura clan.
- 遣明船は1536年(天文 (元号)5)には大内義隆が貿易を再開し、貿易は1551年(天文20)に義隆が家臣の陶晴賢の謀反で滅亡するまで続いた。
- Kenminsen ships once again became dispatched in 1536 when Yoshitaka OUCHI resumed trade which continued until 1551 when Yoshitaka was overthrown in a rebellion by his vassal Harukata SUE.
- 卑弥呼が死亡したときには、倭人は直径百余歩もある大きな塚を作り、奴婢百余人を殉葬したとされている(卑彌呼死去 卑彌呼以死 大作冢 徑百余歩)。
- It is said that when Himiko passed away, the Wajin (Japanese people) made a large mound that was more than 150 meters long; more than 100 slaves were killed and buried with her.
- 平家滅亡により源氏の勢力が強くなった事、奥州に深く関わっていた義経が頼朝と対立した事などにより中立を維持できなくなった事が滅亡の原因となった。
- The causes of the downfall of the Oshu Fujiwara clan were that the Minamoto clan strengthened its power through the downfall of the Taira clan, and that it failed to maintain its neutrality because Yoshitune, who had had a close relation with the clan, became opposed to Yoritomo.
- しかし、長棟の長男の長時の時代になると塩尻峠の戦いで信濃の領国化を目指す甲斐の武田信玄に大敗し、長時は信濃から追われて府中小笠原氏は滅亡する。
- However, in the period of Nagatoki, the eldest son of Nagamune, it was defeated by Shingen TAKEDA from Kai who was aiming to territorialize Shinano, at the Battle of Shiojiritoge, and Nagatoki was exiled from Shinano and the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan went to ruin.
- とりわけ斯波高経は足利氏と同族で、鎌倉幕府を滅亡させた立役者である新田義貞を越前で討つなど活躍し、初期の室町幕府においては相当な勢力を持った。
- In particular, Takatsune SHIBA, who was in the same family as the Ashikaga clan, performed brilliantly and contributed to defeat Yoshisada NITTA in Echizen Province who was the central figure in the downfall of the Kamakura Bakufu, so that he gained tremendous power in the early Muromachi period.
- 源高明は村上天皇からの信任篤く、また皇后安子の父で右大臣だった藤原師輔の娘を妻として親交があったが、両人とも既に亡く、宮中で孤立しつつあった。
- MINAMOTO no Takaakira was deeply trusted by Emperor Murakami, and he also had close relations with Udaijin FUJIWARA no Morosuke, the father of Empress Anshi whose daughter he married, both Emperor Murakami and FUJIWARA no Morosuke had already passed away and he was becoming isolated in the Imperial Court.
- 近藤勇、土方歳三らは再起をかけ、流山へ移動するも、近藤勇が新政府軍に捕われ処刑され、沖田総司も持病であった肺結核の悪化により江戸にて死亡した。
- Although Isami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA and others moved to Nagareyama and tried to regain power, Isami KONDO was caught by the army of the new government and executed, and Soji OKITA also died in Edo as his tuberculosis worsened.
- 晩年は亡父元輔の山荘があった東山月輪の辺りに住み、藤原公任ら宮廷の旧識や和泉式部・赤染衛門ら中宮藤原彰子付の女房とも消息を交わしていたらしい。
- It is said that in her later years she lived around Higashiyama Tsukinowa, where her deceased father Motosuke's mountain villa was located, and that she kept in touch with old friends in the Imperial Court such as FUJIWARA no Kinto and the court ladies who had served the Empress FUJIWARA no Shoshi, such as Izumi Shikibu and Akazome-emon.
- 同時期に上野国の御家人である新田義貞も挙兵しており、高氏の嫡子で鎌倉から脱出した千寿王(後の足利義詮)を奉じて鎌倉へ進軍し、幕府を滅亡させた。
- At about the same time, Yoshisada NITTA, vassal of Kozuke Province, also gathered an army, and destroyed the shogunate, taking Takauji's heir Senjuo (later called Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), who had escaped from Kamakura, with him.
- 元亨3年(1323年)7月21日、為藤が後醍醐天皇の勅命により着手、翌4年為藤の死亡後、為定が命をつぎ、正中 (元号)3年(1326年)撰進。
- On August 31, 1323, Tamefuji started on this anthology by the command of Emperor Godaigo, and after Tamefuji died in the following year, Tamesada succeeded the duty and presented the results to the Emperor in 1326.
- しかし、内裏の焼亡などを契機とした臨時措置として全国的な租税賦課が実施されると、荘園側は、国衙でなく中央の太政官へ免税の申請を行うようになった。
- However, when, starting with the burning-down of dairi (Imperial Palace), the central government levied national taxes as a temporary measure, the manor side came to apply for tax exemption to Daijokan in the central government, instead of kokuga.
- 白村江の戦いで大敗北した倭国水軍は、各地で転戦中の倭国軍および亡命を望む百済遺民を救い出して船に乗せ、唐水軍に追われる中やっとのことで帰国した。
- The Wakoku sea warriors who lost heavily at the Battle of Hakusukinoe saved those Wakoku soldiers who were fighting in other areas as well as the surviving members of Kudara who were hoping to defect, and had difficulty returning to Japan while being pursued by the Tang sea warriors.
- 上総武田家最後の当主・武田豊信は地元の伝承では信玄の三男・西保信之と同一人物とされ、甲斐武田氏滅亡後に弟の仁科盛信の家族を匿ったという説がある。
- According to local oral tradition, Toyonobu TAKEDA, the last head of the Kazusa-Takeda clan, was identified with Shingen's third son Nobuyuki SAIHO, and some people asserted that he sheltered his younger brother Morinobu NISHINA after the Kai-Takeda clan extinguished.
- 第1巻:二条は2歳の時に母を亡くし4歳からは後深草院のもとで育てられ、14歳にして他に想い人「雪の曙」がいるにも関わらず、後深草院の寵を受ける。
- The first volume: Lady Nijo loses her mother at the age of 2, is taken under the wing of the Gofukakusa-in at 4, and accepts his affections at the age of 14, despite the presence of 'Snow Dawn,' a man she feels deeply about.
- 「新拾遺和歌集」撰進の際には撰者二条為明が選集の途中で亡くなったことから、頓阿がそれを引き継いで完成させたが、撰者となったのは76歳の時である。
- While the 'Shin-shui wakashu' (the New Collected Gleanings (of waka poetry)) was still in the middle of being compiled, its compiler, Tameaki NIJO, passed away, so Tona took over for him and completed the work; at the time he became compiler, he was 76.
- 7年に及ぶこの戦争は、朝鮮には国土の荒廃と軍民の大きな被害をもたらした災厄であり、明には莫大な戦費の負担と兵員を損耗によって滅亡の一因となった。
- This invasion for seven years was a disaster which damaged both land and people of Korea heavily and became one of the reasons for the subvert of Min Dynasty by a burden of enormous costs and waste of troops.
- 生年は定かではないが、寛弘二年九月(1005年)に85歳で亡くなったと記録されていることから逆算して延喜二十一年(921年)生まれと推定される。
- The year of his birth is uncertain, but because it has been recorded that he passed away at the age of 85 in 1005, it can be estimated that he was born in 921 by counting backwards.
- 敦賀市の古老がかつて(戦時中頃か)身近な人々に語った記憶によれば、処刑に引き出された党員は、逃亡を阻止するためか、両足を竹に括られていたという。
- An old man in the Tsuruga City once (maybe during the war) told someone close to him that the legs of Tenguto members who were to be executed were tied with a bamboo in order to prevent them from running away.
- 7世紀後半以降、百済の滅亡など緊迫する東アジアの国際情勢の中で、倭国は中央集権化を進めることで、政権を安定させ、国家としての独立を保とうとした。
- In and after the latter half of the seventh century, under the tense international circumstances in East Asia such as the fall of Baekje and so on, Wakoku (Japan) intended to stabilize the government and keep the independence as a nation by promoting the centralization.
- 商法の施行延期が決定されたことで論争はさらに勢いを増し、1891年、穂積八束が『民法出デテ忠孝亡ブ』という論文を発表し、「我国ハ祖先教ノ国ナリ。
- The decision to postpone the enforcement of the Commercial Code led to disputes, and in 1891 Yatsuka HOZUMI said the following in his thesis 'Minho Idete Chuko Horobu' (As civil laws are being introduced, loyalty and filial duty are being lost): 'Our country worships ancestors.
- だが、最末期には幕府自らが諸色(生活物資)の流通機構を半国営化する「諸色会所」構想を推進した(もっとも、江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった)。
- However, the bakufu itself promoted a concept of 'shoshiki-kaisho' (daily commodity kaisho) in order to establish semi-nationalized distribution system of shoshiki (daily commodities) in the very last years of the Edo period (although the concept was never put into practice due to the collapse of the Edo bakufu).
- 成綱(=盛綱)の叔父・政嗣も成綱に従って及川を称し、この政嗣の系統が先に奥州において栄えたがのちに滅亡し、以後は成綱の系統がこれに代わって栄えた。
- Naritsuna (Moritsuna)'s uncle, Masatsugu, identified himself as OIKAWA, whereupon Naritsuna and the Masatsugu bloodline flourished in Oshu, but later it went to ruin and consequently the Naritsuna bloodline flourished instead of this.
- いずれにしても一揆勢は佐敷の北の八代城(現在の麦島城跡)を攻めたが失敗に終わり、加藤氏や肥後人吉城主相良氏の軍勢によって鎮圧され、国兼は死亡した。
- In any case, the rebel group, which unsuccessfully attacked the Yashiro-jo Castle (now in the remains of the Mugishima-jo Castle) north of Sashiki, was suppressed by the armies of the Kato clan and the Sagara clan which ruled the Higo Hitoyoshi-jo Castle, and the uprising ended in the death of Kunikane.
- さらに島津歳久が秀吉によって一揆の黒幕とみなされ、島津義久の追討を受けて死亡したほか、一揆に家臣が参加したという理由で肥後の阿蘇惟光が斬首された。
- In addition, Toshihisa SHIMAZU was accused of being the mastermind behind the uprising by Hideyoshi and was hunted and killed by Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, and Koremitsu ASO was also decapitated as a punishment for his vassals joining the uprising.
- 最後の当主9代武田元明は、朝倉氏によって一乗谷城居住を強いられていたが、1573年(天正元年)に織田信長によって朝倉氏が滅亡すると若狭に帰国した。
- The last head of the clan Motoaki TAKEDA was forced by the Asakura clan to live at Ichijodani-jo Castle, but he returned to Wakasa after the Asakura clan was ruined by Nobunaga ODA in 1573.
- 天智天皇が近江大津宮に都を置いた西暦667年から、大友皇子(弘文天皇)が西暦672年の壬申の乱で滅亡するまでの期間を近江朝(おうみちょう)と言う。
- The Omi period refers to the period of time from 667 when Emperor Tenchi located the capital in the Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya until 672 when Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) was destroyed in the Jinshin War.
- 長政は再三にわたる員昌からの物資補給の要請をすべて拒絶し、兵糧が残り少なくなった員昌はついに織田方に投降し浅井滅亡の流れを決定付けることとなった。
- Because Nagamasa rejected all of the repeated requests for supplies of goods from Kazumasa, Kazumasa's military provisions ran low and finally surrendered to Oda side, which determined the course of the collapse of the Azai clan.
- そうして開化派の金玉均らは井上角五郎(福澤諭吉によって朝鮮王朝に推挙され新聞創刊のために朝鮮王朝に招聘されていた。)の助けによって日本に亡命する。
- Ok-gyun KIM and other members of the Progressive group fled their country to Japan with the help of Kakugoro INOUE (who was recommended by Yukichi FUKUZAWA to the Korean Dynasties for a newly published newspaper and was invited to the country).
- 大阪府警本部からの応援も駆けつけ、逃亡したと思われる金剛山に非常線を張ったが、二人はなかなか捕まらず、食料を強奪されたとの報告が来るばかりだった。
- With support coming from Osaka prefectural police headquarters, the police cordoned Mt. Kongo where they were believed to have escaped, but only to receive report that they robbed of food.
- 三浦氏の頼朝挙兵から宝治合戦での滅亡までの間の外戚についても、戦国大名の政略結婚とはまた違った、婚姻関係による共同行動、運命共同体がよく見てとれる。
- The allied activities and a group that shared same fate differed from the political marriage of the Sengoku Daimyo (daimyo of the Warring States Period) the maternal relatives of Miura clan from mobilization call of Yoritomo to its fall in Battle of Hoji could be seen.
- このことは、旧幕臣の腐敗こそが江戸幕府の滅亡の原因で維新のために尽力した薩長土肥の若い人材こそが政府に必要であると考える大久保には理解できなかった。
- Okubo couldn't understand Kido's decision because he thought that the corruption among the retainers of the shogun was the cause of the Edo bakufu's fall and young people of Satsuma, Choshu, Tosa and Hizen who strived to bring about the Meiji Restoration should be utilized for the new government.
- 一方で畿内においては織田信長が上洛を果たし、反対勢力(信長包囲網)を滅ぼし、将軍足利義昭を追放し室町幕府を滅亡させ、天下統一事業をおしすすめていた。
- In the Kinai region, Nobunaga ODA successfully arrived at Kyoto, exterminated his opposing forces known as the anti-Nobunaga network, drove out shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, put the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to an end, and carried out his task of unification of the whole country.
- また上杉氏は上杉謙信亡き後、養子縁組・上杉景勝の代であり、かつて関東・越後国から猛攻をかけ武田信玄を苦しめた強力な軍団は御館の乱で勢いを弱めていた。
- With respect to the Uesugi clan, after Kenshin UESUGI's death, his adopted son, Kagekatsu UESUGI became the family head and the strong troops that harassed Shingen TAKEDA by fiercely attacking the Kanto Region and Echigo Province had been weakened by the Otate no Ran (Otate disturbance).
- 一方で姫君たちに、軽々しく結婚して宇治を離れ俗世に恥をさらすな、この山里に一生を過ごすのがよいと戒め、宇治の山寺に参籠しに出かけ、そこで亡くなった。
- He also warns his daughters not to marry a man thoughtlessly, leave Uji, and disgrace themselves in public, then he visits a temple on a mountain and passes away there.
- 正史の記録には以後の経過が記されていないが、出羽国雄勝郡平鹿郡2郡郡家の焼亡、由理柵の孤立、大室塞の奪取及び秋田城の一時放棄と関連づける見解もある。
- Although the subsequent development of these battles was not recorded in any official history, there is a view that these events were closely related to the standoff at Yurisaku fortress, the seizure of Omuro-sai fortress, the temporary abandonment of Akita-jo castle, and the destruction by fire of two public offices of Ogachi and Hiraka counties, both in Dewa province.
- この帳簿は、すでに京進されている古代の戸籍制度に載せられていた人についてだけその死亡者名を提出するもので、造籍後に生まれた乳幼児については記載しない。
- This register was for submitting the name of a deceased person that had been already submitted to Kyoto and been recorded under the ancient family registration system, and had no descriptions about infants who had been born after having a new family register.
- 鎌倉時代後期に河内国で楠木正成らが挙兵すると、第9代宇都宮公綱は討伐軍に参加するが、幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇の建武の新政がはじまると雑訴決断所を務める。
- In the late Kamakura period, when commanders including Masashige KUSUNOKI raised his army in Kawachi Province, the ninth family head, Kintsuna UTSUNOMIYA joined the bakufu forces to subdue Masashige, but after the fall of the bakufu, he worked for Zasso-Ketsudansho (agency of Kenmu government to file lawsuits) when the Kenmu Restoration (the new government) led by Emperor Godaigo started.
- 滅亡の原因は、一般的に言われている氏真の「無能」ぶり以上に、父・義元の度重なる外征がもたらした領国内の疲弊が深刻であったため、と近年では言われている。
- It is said recently that the clan collapsed because the economy of the territories worsened due to frequent wars by his father Yoshimoto rather than because Ujimasa was 'incompetent' as was generally rumored.
- しかしこういった遺跡や住居跡などは平安時代初期にかけてまでしか見つかっておらず、こういった勢力は飛鳥時代の終わりごろに滅亡していったと考えられている。
- However, it is speculated that such powerful families perished around the end of the Asuka period, since only the remains of dwelling sites dating up to the Heian period were found.
- しかし若狭武田氏では家督抗争や重臣の権力争いなどから、上洛できるだけの実力は無く、9月には越前国の朝倉義景のもとへ亡命し、将軍家再興の助力を要請した。
- But the Wakasa TAKEDA clan did not have enough power to go up to Kyoto because of troubles over inheritance, conflicts between elder statesmen and so on, so Yoshiaki fled to Yoshikage ASAKURA of Echizen Province in September and asked him to help restore the Shogunate.
- 特に長英は投獄後に脱獄し、逃亡の果てに捕り方によって殺害され、三英は逮捕をおそれて自殺、崋山は禁固(蟄居)後に自ら切腹するという悲劇的な最期を遂げる。
- Especially, Choei broke out of prison after he was imprisoned and then was killed after escaping by the capturers, Sanei committed suicide for fear of being arrested, and Kazan met his tragic end by committing suicide by disembowelment after he was sentenced to imprisonment (being confined to his house).
- その後戦況は一進一退を続けたが、天文4年(1536年)6月には細川軍の総攻撃が始まると、当時の後奈良天皇の日記にも「本願寺滅亡」と記されたほどである。
- After that, the situation of the war got better and worse, but in June, 1536, the Hosokawa army launched an all-out attack and the Hongan-ji Temple side was as ruined as written as 'Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed' in the diary of Emperor Gonara.
- 死亡帳の出土例としては長岡京(京都府向日市・長岡京市・京都市)第341次調査の漆紙文書があるが、数片の断片で、死亡年月日など一部しか知ることができない。
- Another unearthed Shibocho was made of lacquer-infiltrating paper document found in the 341st research of Nagaoka-kyo (Muko City, Nagaokakyo City and Kyoto City in Kyoto Prefecture), but only some information, such as date of death, was found, because the document was found in several fragments.
- その藤原四兄弟が737年(天平9年)に天然痘の流行で相次いで死亡すると、皇族出身の橘諸兄が下道真備(のちの吉備真備)や僧玄ボウを参画させて政権を担った。
- After the four Fujiwara brothers died one after another in 737 because of an epidemic of smallpox, TACHIBANA no Moroe, who was from the Imperial Family, assumed control of the government by making SHIMOTSUMICHI no Makibi (later KIBI no Makibi) and the monk Genbo participate in the government.
- 660年の百済滅亡と、663年の百済復興戦争(白村江の戦い)での敗北により、唐・新羅との対立関係が決定的に悪化し、倭国朝廷は深刻な国際的危機に直面した。
- Due to the fall of Baekche in 660 and Japan's defeat in the Baekche restoration war (the Battle of Hakusukinoe) in 663, antagonism with Tang and Silla worsened irrevocably and the Imperial Court of Japan faced a serious international crisis.
- 菊池氏滅亡後、肥後国豪族米良氏が菊池能運の子菊池重次の末裔を名乗り江戸時代に交代寄合に列せられ、明治時代になって菊池姓への復帰を許され男爵になっている。
- After the the Kikuchi clan perished, the Mera clan, a local ruling family in Higo Province, proclaimed that the Mera clan was a descendant of Shigetsugu KIKUCHI, Yoshiyuki KIKUCHI's son, and was appointed to be a member of Kotaiyoriai (a alternate member of yoriai [the top decision making organ], a family status of samurai warriors in the Edo period) in the Edo period, and in the Meiji period, was allowed to use the family name 'Kikuchi,' was conferred the baronage.
- さらにこの頃から十河一存や三好義賢、長慶の嫡男三好義興など有力な一族が相次いで死亡し、果ては最後まで長慶を支えた弟安宅冬康を自らの手で暗殺するに至った。
- Furthermore, roughly from that time on, influential members of the family including Kazumasa SOGO, Yoshikata MIYOSHI and Yoshioki MIYOSHI, eldest son and prospective heir of Nagayoshi, died one after another and, in the end, Nagayoshi even assassinated for himself Fuyuyasu ATAGI, his younger brother who had supported Nagayoshi the entire time.
- 律令制においては、農民に口分田が与えられていたが、実際には逃亡などで耕作されない土地や逆に定まった耕作者が元からおらず賃租が行われている土地も存在した。
- In the Ritsuryo system, kubunden (rice fields given to each farmer in the Ritsuryo system) was given to each farmer, but in fact, there also existed lands which were not cultivated due to escape of farmers and so on, or on the contrary, on which chinso (land taxes under the Ritsuryo system) was imposed despite there were no specific cultivators from the beginning.
- しかし、星野は源平盛衰記の時代、つまり1185年の平家滅亡までや、源頼家の将軍職退位など、あまりにも明らかな部分以外にはほとんど疑いを抱いていなかった。
- However, Hoshino had little doubt about the work except the parts which were obviously wrong such as the period of Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira families, or the period until the fall of the Taira family in 1185, and MINAMOTO no Yoriie's abdicating the post of shogun.
- これに危機感を抱いた頼朝は、短期決戦もやむなしと判断し義経を起用、義経は見事にこれに応え、西国武士を組織し、屋島・壇ノ浦の合戦で平氏を滅亡に追い込んだ。
- Worried about it, Yoritomo appointed Yoshitsune for the duty, judging that the short decisive battle could be inevitable, and Yoshitsune responded it with success by organizing the warriors in western Japan and destroyed the Taira clan in the battles of Yashima and Dannoura.
- 万葉集には、「ささなみの 志賀の大曲 淀むとも 昔の人に またも逢はめやも」という柿本人麻呂が、滅亡後の近江大津宮へ訪れ、往事を偲んだ歌が残されている。
- In Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), KAKINOMOTO no Hitomaro left a poem in which he longed for the past when he visited the Palace after the fall of the capital: 'A cove in Shiga stagnates, yet, wish to see people in the past again.'
- 幕末には箕作麟祥や栗本鋤雲ら開明派の幕臣がフランスのナポレオン法典(フランス民法典)を範にして求める事を提案したが江戸幕府の滅亡によって実現しなかった。
- In the late Edo period some of shougun's retainers of Kaimei-ha Group (a group of people who advocated enlightenment) including Rinsho MITSUKURI, Joun kURIMOTO and others proposed preparing Minpoten on a model of Code Napoleon (French Civil Code), but the proposal was not realized because of the downfall of the Edo bakufu.
- 武田氏滅亡後、本能寺の変の混乱を経て甲斐国は徳川家康によって平定されるが、その折に武田家の旧臣達を配属されたのが徳川四天王にも数えられる井伊直政である。
- After Takeda clan ruined, Kai Province was conquered by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA by way of the disorder of Honnoji Incident, at the time, the old retainers of the Takeda Family were alloted to Naomasa II, counted one of the Tokugawa-shitenno (four generals serving Tokugawa Ieyasu).
- 身の危険を感じた出張所役人は庄屋宅を脱し、出張所に応援を求めるべく逃亡したが、暴徒はそれを追跡し投石および竹槍で攻撃したため、役人は抜刀して道を急いだ。
- Even though the officers from the branch office who feared for their physical safety escaped from the house to the branch office for help, they made the best of their way with a drawn sword because the violent followers chased and attacked them with rocks and bamboo lancings.
- 後白河と頼朝の橋渡しに奔走していた平頼盛はすでに逃亡しており(『百錬抄』『玉葉』10月20日条)、親鎌倉派の一条能保・持明院基家も相次いで鎌倉に亡命した。
- TAIRA no Yorimori, who had been scrambling to act as an intermediary between Goshirakawa and Yoritomo, had already escaped ('Hyakuren sho' and 'Gyokuyo,' entry of December 13), and pro-shogunate Yoshiyasu ICHIJO and Motoie JIMYOIN defected to Kamakura one after another.
- その後上杉軍は柴田勝家を主将に前田利家、佐々成政らからなる織田軍の攻勢を本能寺の変までしのいだものの、武田軍は織田本隊と徳川連合軍によって滅亡させられた。
- After that, Uesugi's forces held out against attacks by Oda's forces, including Katsuie SHIBATA, the leader of the forces, Toshiie MAEDA, and Narimasa SASSA, until the Honnoji Incident, but Takeda's forces were ruined by the allied forces of Oda's main troops and Tokugawa's forces.
- 新宮氏滅亡後、会津は豊穣になったとの記載が『心清水八幡神社塔寺八幡宮長帳』にあり、このことから新宮氏と蘆名氏との戦いで会津盆地が荒廃していたことが窺える。
- The record asserting that the productiveness in Aizu increased after the fall of the Shingu clan was found in 'Todera-hachimangu Nagacho (record) of the Kokoroshimizu-hachimanjinja Shrine,' which reflected the fact that the Aizu Basin had been devastated due to fights between the Shingu and Ashina clans.
- が、これは大坂城主の豊臣宗家のみを指して「豊臣家」と呼ぶことが一般的であるためであり、豊臣氏全体が滅亡したという誤解を生じさせかねない不正確な表現である。
- However, this is because in general 'Toyotomi family' only refers to the head family of Toyotomi, the lord of Osaka-jo Castle, and, this is an inaccurate explanation that might lead to a misunderstanding that the whole Toyotomi clan was destroyed there.
- 桂庵玄樹は肥後国及び薩摩国に招かれ、現地で朱子学の一派である薩南学派を開くが江戸時代には衰亡南村梅軒は土佐に招かれて、同じく朱子学の一派の海南学派を開く。
- Genju KEIAN was invited to come to both Higo and then Satsuma provinces, leading him to found the Satsunangaku school, a school of Neo-Confucianism, there in the countryside, which fell into decline during the Edo period; Baiken MINAMIMURA was invited to Tosa, where he created the Kainangaku school, which was also a school of Neo-Confucianism.
- 大内氏の内部争いによって大内義隆が死亡し、8ヶ国守護となった尼子晴久と大内義長を傀儡とする陶氏が共に力を持ち拮抗するが、大内氏は毛利氏に攻められ滅亡する。
- Yoshitaka OUCHI died because of internal conflict of the Ouchi clan, Haruhisa AMAKO, who became shugo for eight countries and the Sue clan, which used Yoshinaga OUCHI as a puppet acquired power and stood against each other, but the Ouchi clan was ruined by the attack by the Mori clan.
- 赤ん坊を墓穴から救い出し、「この子供はお前のかわりに必ず立派に育てるからな」と話しかけると、それまで天を仰いでいた亡骸は頷くように頭をがっくりと落とした。
- He rescues the baby from the grave, saying 'I will bring up this child to be a good man instead of you.' and then her head drops onto her chest as if she had nodded.
- 行軍隊の遭難した山中の気温は、観測係であった看護兵が記録も残せず死亡したため定かでないが、-20℃以下だったとの推測を青森5連隊が報告書の中で残している。
- The fifth Aomori Regiment recorded that the temperature in the mountain on which the troop got lost was lower than -20 degrees Celsius, though it's not clear because the hospital corpsman who was in charge of observations died before leaving a record.
- 明は日本と国交を結ばないまま滅亡し、明に代わって中国を支配するようになった清は、すでに日本が鎖国を取ったため貿易は行うが、正式な国交を持とうとはしなかった。
- Ming was ruined without having diplomatic relations with Japan and Qing, which began to control China after Ming, because Japan adopted a national isolation policy, conducted only trade, but had no official diplomatic relations.
- 一方、朝鮮の両班階層(支配層)の間では明の援軍のおかげにより朝鮮は滅亡を免れたのだという意識(「再造之恩」)が強調され、明への恩義を重視する思想が広まった。
- On the other hand, among yangban (traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea) (ruling class) of Korea, understanding that Korea could narrowly avoid ruin thanks to reinforcements from Ming ('再造之恩') was underscored and the thought to attach importance to gratitude towards Ming spread widely.
- そればかりか、義平の未亡人となっていた義重の娘を頼朝が側室にしようとしたところ、義重がそれを拒否したため頼朝から勘気を蒙ったと伝えられている(『吾妻鏡』)。
- What is more, when Yoritomo requested Yoshishige's daughter who had been Yoshihira's widow to be his concubine, Yoshishige refused the request, therefore, reportedly he drew a rebuke from Yoritomo ('Azuma Kagami' [The Mirror of the East]).
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡から南北朝分立に至る動乱と西園寺本家断絶の混乱の中で、西園寺家庶家の西園寺公良が宇和郡に入り、在地の土豪を支配下に組み入れて領国支配を開始する。
- Amid the agitated situation from the fall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to the separation of the Northern and Southern Courts and the chaos caused by the discontinuance of the Saionji family, Kimiyoshi SAIONJI, of a branch family of the Saionji family entered Uwa Country, and put the local clans under his control then began to rule over the territory.
- 小田原の役で後北条氏の嫡流が滅亡すると、康広の子の小笠原長房 (旗本)は徳川家康の家臣となり、子孫は旗本として存続し、江戸時代の歴代の当主は縫殿寮を称した。
- After the main line of the Gohojo clan went to ruin at the Siege of Odawara, the son of Yasuhiro, Nagafusa OGASAWARA (hatamoto [direct retainer of the bakufu]) became a vassal of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and his descendants continued as hatamoto and its successive heads in the Edo period served as officials of Nuidono-ryo (Bureau of the Wardrobe and Court Ladies).
- この反乱は木戸孝允らによって間もなく鎮圧されたものの、大楽は九州に逃亡して攘夷派が藩政を掌握していた久留米藩や熊本藩の河上彦斎らの支援を受けて再起を伺った。
- Although the riot was soon suppressed by Takayoshi KIDO and others, Dairaku escaped to Kyushu and waited for an opportunity to make a comeback supported by Gensai KAWAKAMI and others from the clans of Kurume and Kumamoto, where the joi-ha took control of domain duties.
- 「江戸無血開城」に成功し、事実上幕府を滅亡させた新政府の東海道軍を率いる西郷隆盛は、旧幕府穏健派の勝海舟との関係から、彰義隊への対応の甘さが指摘されていた。
- Takamori SAIGO, the commander of the Tosando-gun army of the new government which successfully brought about the bloodless surrender and virtually abolished the Shogunate, was criticized for his leniency toward the Shogi-tai because of his relationship with Kaishu KATSU, a soft-liner from the former Shogunate.
- また、八木家の幼い娘が亡くなったときには、芹沢は近藤と帳場に立って進んで葬儀を手伝っており、暇つぶしに面白い絵を子供たちに書いてやるなど好かれていたという。
- Also, when a young daughter of YAGI family died, SERIZAWA, together with KONDO, stood at the reception desk and actively lent a hand in conducting the funeral, and it is also said that he was liked by children for whom he drew funny pictures to kill his time.
- 吉岡平 『火星の土方歳三』(朝日ソノラマ) - 函館で死亡した後、エドガー・ライス・バローズの『火星シリーズ』の火星に転生した土方歳三の活躍を描くSF作品。
- By Hitoshi YOSHIOKA 'Toshizo HIJIKATA on Mars' (Asahi Sonorama) - A SF novel which tells the adventures of Toshizo HIJIKATA, after he died in Hakodate and is reborn on Mars in 'Mars Series' of Edgar Rice Burroughs.
- 後醍醐天皇や楠木正成は、朱子学の熱心な信奉者と思われ、鎌倉滅亡から建武の新政にかけてのかれらの行動原理は、朱子学に基づいていると思われる箇所がいくつもある。
- It seems Emperor Godaigo and Masashige KUSUNOKI were keen followers of Neo-Confucianism, and there are several points that point to the fact that their principle of behavior from the fall of Kamakura to Kenmu Restoration might be based on Neo-Confucianism.
- また、532年の任那加羅(金官加羅)滅亡後は安羅に軍事機関を移したが、562年の大加羅の滅亡で拠点を失ったとしている(→吉田1997 pp.74-78.)。
- According to Yoshida, the military institution was transferred to Alla after the fall of Mimana Gaya (Geumgwan Gaya) in 532, but it lost its base when Dae Gaya collapsed in 562 (=>Yoshida 1997 pp.74-78.).
- また、陸続きの隣国が存在せず、また天皇を君主とした国家体制が続いてきたこともあり、隣国との通謀や亡命の可能性が低く、天皇を抜きとした政権転覆も考えにくかった。
- Japan was an island country and with its stable state system with the emperor, betrayal or defection to neighboring countries, as well as overthrowing the government without an emperor, was unlikely.
- 父が平治元年(1159年)の平治の乱で平清盛に敗れ、数え年2歳の牛若は、母の腕に抱かれて2人の同母兄・阿野全成、義円とともに大和国(奈良県)の山中を逃亡した。
- His father was defeated in the Heiji Disturbance by TAIRA no Kiyomori in 1159, and Ushiwaka, who was in his 2nd year, ran away in the arms of his mother to the mountains of Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture) with his half brothers, Ano-Zenjo and Gien, who were also born from his mother.
- 義仲は京都の防備を固めて鎌倉源氏軍との開戦に及んだが、法皇幽閉にはじまる一連の暴挙のため、木曾源氏軍の兵士は次々と敵前逃亡し、宇治川や瀬田での戦いに惨敗した。
- Yoshinaka fortified his defense in Kyoto and readied himself to fight at the outbreak of the war against Kamakura GENJI army; however, because of a string of reckless violence since the incarceration of the Monk-Emperor, the KISO Genji army ran away one by one from the face of the enemy, and Yoshinaka was defeated in the battles at Uji-gawa River and Seta.
- 賠償金は1912年に清朝が滅亡した後も、清朝を引き継いだ国家とみなされた中華民国にそのまま負わされ、中央政権が軟弱な基盤しか持ちえなかった理由の一つとなった。
- Even after the Qing dynasty perished, the reparations were succeeded by the Republic of China because it was considered to be a nation that succeeded the Qing dynasty, and that was one of reasons that the central government had weak foundations.
- 昭和になり、伊達興宗亡き後夫人が伊達家の所有する山林を勝手に売却するなど横暴な振る舞いをして親族と争いごとに発展したとされ、世間で新伊達騒動と言われ注目された。
- In the early Showa Period, after Okimune DATE died, his widow started to behave in an autocratic manner and sold mountain forests owned by the Date clan without consulting other family members, which led to an internal conflict of the Date family (a 'new Date Sodo') and attracted people's attention.
- 1995年 - 1998年の春に韓国で行われた疫学調査では、黄砂の飛来時に高齢者の死亡率が2.2%上昇したほか、呼吸器・循環器・眼科の入院率や通院率が上昇した。
- In an epidemiological survey conducted in South Korea between 1995 and 1998, death rate in the higher age range increased by 2.2 percent and the persons who visited or were admitted to hospitals due to diseases related to respiratory organs, circulatory organs or eyes increased, when kosa arrived flying.
- その一方で、多くの兵力を派遣していたため信長周辺の軍勢は手薄であり、武田家滅亡後は天下統一目前という開放的な雰囲気で、畿内では信長、家康とも小勢で移動していた。
- Under such situations, as a large military force was dispatched, troops around Nobunaga were not many and Nobunaga and Ieyasu moved around with a small military force in Kinai in an open atmosphere under just before unification of the whole country especially after downfall of the Takeda clan.
- 『新古今和歌集』編纂の中心人物だった藤原定家の死後は、その子の為家が歌壇の指導者だったが、為家が亡くなると、家系も歌壇も二条派・京極派・冷泉派の三派に分かれた。
- After the death of FUJIWARA no Sadaie, who had been a central figure in the compilation of 'Shin kokin wakashu,' his son Tameie became a mentor of the Tanka Composers' Society, but after Tameie passed away, both the Fujiwara family and the Tanka Composers' Society were divided into three schools: the NIJO, KYOGOKU and REIZEI.
- 妻には頼朝の媒酌による正室の河越重頼の娘(郷御前)、鶴岡八幡宮の舞で有名な愛妾の白拍子・静御前、平家滅亡後に平時忠が保身の為に差し出したとされる時忠の娘がある。
- He officially married with the daughter of Shigeyori KAWAGOE (Sato Gozen) through Yoritomo's good offices, and also had concubines, one is a beloved Japanese traditional dancer, Shizuka Gozen, who is famous for her dance at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine, and the other is the daughter of Tokitada, and she was said to have been forwarded to him by her father, Tokitada, who wanted to secure his own neck after the extinction of the Taira family.
- 彼ら兄弟はいずれも桓武天皇の即位を見ないまま亡くなったが、乙牟漏は皇后となり平城天皇・嵯峨の両天皇を、旅子は淳和天皇を産み、平安時代初期の式家繁栄の礎を築いた。
- Both Yoshitsugu and Momokawa died before the enthronement of Emperor Kanmu, but Otomuro became empress and gave birth to Emperor Heizei and Emperor Saga while Tabiko became mother of Emperor Junna, building the base of prosperity of the Fujiwara Shikike during the early Heian period.
- 日本側は、朝廷の徴税能力が衰え、使節供応と回賜のための経費が重荷となった後は、使節来朝を12年に1度にするなどの制限を加えたが、その交流は渤海滅亡まで継続した。
- After tax collection capability by the Imperial Court diminished and the expenses for entertaining the envoy and kaishi became burden, Japan side added the limitations to have the envoy's visit once in 12 years, but the exchange had continued until the fall of Bo Hai.
- だが、『日本書紀』によれば、法隆寺は670年に一度焼亡しており、現存する同寺の伽藍はその後(7世紀末頃)の再建であることは発掘調査の結果等からも定説となっている。
- However, according to Nihonshoki, Horyu-ji Temple burned down in A.D. 670 and the existing Saiin Garan was reconstructed later (around the end of the seventh century), and this depiction is now widely accepted, partly because the excavation and research proved the truth of the depiction.
- その他、美濃国では大垣城が全壊焼失、近江国では長浜城 (近江国)が全壊し城主山内一豊の息女与祢姫が死亡するなど、近畿、東海、北陸にかけての各地で甚大な被害が出た。
- The greatest damage was brought on the regions of Kinki, Tokai and Hokuriku by the earthquake, such as the case of the Ogaki-jo Castle of Mino Province which was completely destroyed and burned, as well as the case of the Nagahama-jo Castle of Omi Province which was also completely destroyed and Yonehime, who was the daughter of the castellan Katsutoyo YAMAUCHI, died.
- 京都で足利高氏の兵が六波羅探題を滅ぼし、新田義貞が鎌倉を攻め、北条高時ら北条氏一族を滅ぼし鎌倉幕府が滅亡すると、後醍醐は赤松氏や楠木氏に迎えられて京都へ帰還する。
- In Kyoto, Takauji ASHIKAGA's samurai destroyed the local magistrate at Rokuhara while Yoshisada NITTA mounted an attack against Kamakura itself; after Takatoki HOJO and the entire Hojo clan had been killed and (thereby) the Kamakura bakufu had been destroyed, Emperor Godaigo was met by Akamatsu and Kusunoki clans, and they all returned to the capital in triumph.
- このため、江戸幕府では幼少の場合を例外として、征夷大将軍就任あるいは大御所の死亡による徳川将軍家当主就任時に、「御代始」の新政策を打ち出すことが慣例化していった。
- As a result, it became customary to develop the new policy of Miyohajime at the time of the assumption of the new Tokugawa Shogunate family taken place due to the assumption of Seitaishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians, great, unifying leader) or the death of Ogosho.
- ただし、戦において落人が発生することは珍しいことではなく、まして西海に覇を唱え、大軍を擁しながらも大敗・滅亡した平家にとって多くの落人が発生したことは当然といえる。
- However, given the fact that a war usually creates many fugitives, it is natural to consider that many people of the Taira family became fugitives since the Taira family was defeated and collapsed though it held sway over the western part of Japan and held a large army.
- 荒木村重の逃亡はしばらくは伏せられていたが、織田信長の間者に知られるところとなり、同年9月12日に有岡城の攻城軍の半数を、織田信忠が総大将として尼崎城へ向かわした。
- Murashige ARAKI's escape was kept secret for a while, but it was found by a spy of Nobunaga ODA and, on October 12, 1579, a half of the troops around Arioka-jo Castle was sent to Amagasaki-jo Castle with Nobutada ODA as the commander in chief.
- (脚気ビタミン欠乏説が確定していた昭和期も、1938年まで毎年、国民の脚気死亡者数が1万人から2万人の間で推移しており、脚気が完全に根絶されたのは1952年以降)。
- (Even in the Showa Period when it was concluded that vitamin deficiency caused beriberi, until 1938, 10,000 to 20,000 citizens succumbed to beriberi on an annual basis, and it was not until after 1952 that beriberi was exterminated.)
- 修史事業の動機には、幕府の編纂が行われていたことや、明暦の大火でその資料が亡失したこと(江戸城本丸もこの時焼失した)、林羅山の死などが契機になったと考えられている。
- The fact that the government was compiling history, but lost the materials because of the Great fire of Meireki and the death of HAYASHI Razan is considered to have motivated Mitsukuni to compile it.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡から建武の新政を経る頃には、国氏の孫である今川範国が子達を率いて足利尊氏の北朝に属し、各地で戦功を挙げた事により駿河国・遠江国2ヶ国の守護に任ぜられた。
- When the Kenmu Restoration occurred after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, Norikuni IMAGAWA, a grandson of Kuniuji, and his sons sided with the Northern Court of Takauji ASHIKAGA and distinguished themselves on the fields of battles and were appointed to shugo (military governors) of two provinces: Suruga and Totomi.
- 一般に、これによって室町幕府は滅亡したとされる(ただし朝廷から征夷大将軍職を解任されたわけではなかったので、信長勢力圏以外の大名の間では、その後も権威を保っていた。
- It is generally considered that the Muromachi Shogunate was finished by this event (but Yoshiaki kept power against the daimyo (Japanese feudal lords), other than supporters of Nobunaga, because Yoshiaki was not dismissed by the Imperial Court.
- 政庁地区については、発掘調査以前には「現在見える礎石が創建時のもの」、「941年(天慶4)の藤原純友の乱で焼亡した後は再建されなかった」、という考えが主流であった。
- Theories that 'the foundation stones that are currently visible are those when it was built', and 'it was never rebuilt after it was burned down in FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's War in 941' concerning the government district were mainstream before excavation and research.
- 8月1日、逃亡先の近江甲賀郡の国人らを味方に引き入れ急ぎ京に戻った三好之長が、細川澄之の最後の砦となっていた遊初軒を高国勢とともに一気に攻め落したため澄之は自害した。
- On September 17, Yukinaga MIYOSHI, who had escaped to Koga-gun, Omi Province where he won the support of the local lords, rushed back to the capital; together with the Takakuni forces, Yukinaga captured Yushoken in one stroke, causing Sumiyuki HOSOKAWA to commit suicide since it was the last of his strongholds.
- 元弘3年(1333年)、鎌倉幕府が滅亡して建武の新政が成ると、上洛して新政権から従五位下宮内大輔に、翌建武 (日本)元年(1334年)に従四位下大膳大夫に任じられた。
- When the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) fell and the Kenmu Restoration started in 1333, Tokimitsu ISHIKAWA went up to Kyoto and was appointed to Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade, the Imperial Household Secretary by the new government, and Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade, the Master of the Palace Table in 1334.
- 討幕計画に関与した公家の多くが処刑されており、本来であれば忠信も死罪は免れない状況ではあったが、亡き将軍実朝の義兄にあたることから罪一等を減じて流罪とされたのである。
- Most of the noblemen who were involved in the plot to strike down the shogunate were executed, and by all rights Tadanobu could hardly have hoped to escape execution either, but because he was the brother-in-law of the slain Shogun Sanetomo, his crime was reduced from the highest and worst degree and his punishment downgraded to banishment.
- 仏足石は天武天皇の孫文屋智努(=智努王)が753年(天平勝宝5年)亡き夫人(または母ともいわれる)の追善のために作ったもので、仏足石歌もこの頃作られたと見られている。
- Bussokuseki was created by FUNYA no Chinu (also known as King Chinu), a grandson of Emperor Tenmu, in 753, as part of a memorial service for his deceased wife (or mother), and thus the poems were also believed to have been written around this period.
- このため、隆房を恐れた相良武任は、美貌で評判だった自分の娘を隆房の嫡男・陶長房に嫁がせることで和睦を図ろうとしたが決裂し、9月16日には肥後国に逃亡しようと出奔した。
- So Taketo SAGARA who scared of Takafusa, tried to make peace by marry off his daughter who had a reputation of beauty to Takafusa's legitimate son, Nagafusa SUE but failed, and ran away to escape to Higo Province on September 16.
- 有力寺社・貴族は労働力の確保のため、在地の新興富豪層を荘長に任じ、負債のため流亡した貧しい人や課役の追及を逃れた人を荘園に迎え入れることで、経営の安定化を図ろうとした。
- Nobles, powerful temples and shrines attempted to stabilize the management of the shoen by appointing a resident of an emerging wealthy class as a sho cho (administrator of a manor) and maintaining a labor force by accepting impoverished people who had run off due debts or escaped from their distributed assignments.
- 天文に関する現象は国家の存亡に関わる重大な現象であると捉えられ、天文生といえども勝手に天文に関する図書を読むことが許されない程であった(「養老律令」雑令・秘書玄象条)。
- As phenomena related to tenmon were considered to significantly affect the fate of the country, even students of tenmon were not allowed to read books on tenmon freely ('Yororitsuryo' zoryo Hisho gensho jo).
- 義昭は先の義栄将軍宣下の関係者の処分を要求し、関白近衛前久と参議高倉永相は石山本願寺を頼って逃亡し、権中納言勧修寺晴右は蟄居、参議水無瀬親氏は義栄とともに阿波に下った。
- Yoshiaki demanded punishment of those who had tried to have Yoshiteru proclaimed as Shogun; Sakihisa KONOE, (Chief Advisor to the Emperor) and Nagasuke TAKAKURA, Councilor, fled to Ishiyamahongan-ji Temple to take refuge, Gon chunagon (Deputy Middle Level Councilor) Haremigi KAJUJI shut up himself in his house as an expression of repentance, and Councilor Chikauji MINASE accompanied Yoshihide in his exile to Awa.
- また源氏はこれに案を得て、四つの町からなる広大な邸宅(六条院)を造営し、秋好のために亡き御息所の邸跡の西南の町に秋の風物を配して彼女の里邸(里下がり時の邸)に用意した。
- Genji got an idea from this and constructed a large mansion consisting of four sections(Rokujoin) and prepared a home residence (residence used when she returned to her family) for Akikonomu by arranging natural autumnal features in the southwest section, which was previously the location of the residence of late Miyasudokoro.
- 同時代の顧炎武は明の滅亡は「亡国」であるが「亡天下」ではなく、夷狄の王朝である清が皇帝となっても、中華の文明が維持される限り天下は継続するものであるという考えを述べた。
- Ko Enbu of the same era expressed his opinion saying that the fall of Ming is 'bokoku' (fall of the state), not 'botenka' (fall of Tenka), and Tenka continues to exist, so long as the Chinese cultures are maintained, even the Qing dynasty, a dynasty of iteki, becomes the ruler.
- また、両書には「元々小国だった日本が倭国を併合した」という内容の記述もあり、これは天武天皇が弘文天皇の近江朝廷を滅亡させた壬申の乱を表していると一般的には理解されている。
- Both books mentioned that 'Nippon, which used to be a small country, annexed Wakoku' and this description is generally considered to be the reference to the Jinshin War, in which Emperor Tenmu ruined the Omi Dynasty of the Emperor Kobun.
- なお、元暦2年(1185年)滅亡することがなければ、平清盛の政権は鎌倉幕府とはまた違った、西国を中心とした独自の武家政権へ成長したのではないかとの可能性も指摘されている。
- It has been suggested that if it had not all ended in 1185, TAIRA no Kiyomori's government would have been different from the Kamakura bakufu, possibly developing into an original bushi government with the west provinces as its center.
- 悲しみに暮れる桐壺帝を見かねた周囲のすすめにより、亡き桐壺更衣に瓜二つである藤壺(先帝の第四皇女)を入内させて寵愛し、第十皇子(後の冷泉帝)を産んだのを機に中宮に据えた。
- Emperor Kiritsubo experienced so much deep grief that those around him could not look on with indifference, and encouraged him to have Fujitsubo (the fourth princess of the previous Emperor), who looked exactly like late Kiritsubo no koi, enter the Imperial court, and he favored her, making her the Empress when she gave birth to the tenth prince (later known as Emperor Reizei).
- 宗厳は戦国時代に、松永久秀に仕えたが、その久秀が織田信長と争って滅亡し、さらに豊臣秀吉の太閤検地によって隠田の罪で2000石の所領を没収されるなど、次第に落ちぶれていった。
- Munetoshi served Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Sengoku period, however his clan gradually dwindled as his master Hisahide was destroyed by Nobunaga ODA, and he forfeited 2,000 koku (360.78 cubic meters of rice) of his territory on charge of hiding rice fields when Taiko Kenchi (Hideyoshi Toyotomi's nationwide land survey) was held.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に京都に成立した後醍醐天皇の建武政権から離反した足利尊氏は、持明院統の光厳上皇の院宣を受け、建武3年(1336年)6月に京都を確保すると上皇を奉じて入京する。
- Takauji ASHIKAGA separated from the Kenmu Government set up by Emperor Godaigo in Kyoto after the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and received an Imperial decree by the Retired Emperor Kogon of the Jimyo-in line, after which he captured Kyoto in July and August 1336 and led the Retired Emperor into Kyoto.
- タギシミミの反逆(タギシミミのはんぎゃく)は、神武天皇が亡くなった後、皇位に就こうと策略した手研耳命をカムヌナカワミミ(後の綏靖天皇)らが討ったという日本神話の説話である。
- The Rebellion of Tagishimimi is a tale of Japanese mythology that after Emperor Jinmu passed away, Tagishimimi devised a ploy to become the emperor but was defeated by Kamununakawamimi (later, Emperor Suizei) and his army.
- 元木泰雄京都大学大学院教授は、多田行綱の戦功が『吾妻鏡』にない理由は、平氏滅亡後の文治元年(1185年)に行綱が頼朝の怒りを受けて所領を没収されたためであろうと述べている。
- Yasuo MOTOKI, a professor in the Graduate School of Kyoto University, proposed that the reason why war merito of Yukitsuna TADA is not in 'Azuma Kagami' is his territories were seized because Yoritomo became angry with him after the fall of the Heike (Taira clan) family (in 1185).
- 病院の性格上、最初から郊外に造られることが多かったという事情もあるが、あまりにも多くの収容患者が次々と死亡することから、最初から火葬場の近隣に避病院を設置したケースも多い。
- Because of the nature of the situation, Hibyoin was often built in a suburb, and so many patients died one after another that it was sometimes built near a crematory.
- それから5年後に曙山も亡くなると、秋田蘭画は下火となり、しだいに廃れたが、同画の系統・画流は司馬江漢に受けつがれ、さらに洋風化して須賀川の亜欧堂田善にも影響をおよぼしている。
- After Shozan died five years later, Akita Ranga lost its popularity and gradually fell out of practice; however, its lineage and style were inherited by Kokan SHIBA, becoming further westernized and also came to have an influence on Denzen AODO from Sukagawa.
- その時期は関東においては平忠常の乱が終わり、そこでの「亡国」といわれるほどの焦土戦による荒廃から、復興・再開発が始められた段階、つまり11世紀後半から12世紀初頭に相当する。
- That period ranged from late eleventh to the early twelfth century when the Revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune ended in the Kanto region, and when reconstruction and reestablishment started from the ruins of what was called almost a 'dead province.'
- 経清もまた安倍氏の滅亡の際に頼義に囚われ斬首されたが、その妻(つまり頼時の娘)は頼義の3倍の兵力を率いて参戦した戦勝の立役者である清原武則の長男・武貞に再嫁することとなった。
- Tsunekiyo was also captured and decapitated by Yoriyoshi when the Abe clan was destroyed, but his wife (that is, a daughter of Yoritoki) remarried KIYOHARA no Takesada, the first son of KIYOHARA no Takenori who had joined the war with three times as much military power as Yoriyoshi's and so immensely contributed to Yoriyoshi's victory.
- このため、この地域における旗本は、関ヶ原の戦い前後から大坂の陣による豊臣家滅亡前後まで、徳川家が勢力拡大及び地域安定化のために地生えの武家勢力・豪商などを取り立てた例が多い。
- Therefore, many of the Hatamoto in this area were local samurai or wealthy merchants picked by the Tokugawa family to expand its power and to stabilize the state of the area from around the Battle of Sekigahara to around the downfall of the Toyotomi family by The Siege of Osaka.
- この戦闘によって討手1人(道島五郎兵衛)と新七ら6名(有馬新七・柴山愛次郎・橋口壮介・西田直五郎・弟子丸龍助・橋口伝蔵)が死亡、2名(田中謙助・森山新五左衛門)が重傷を負った。
- In this fight, one member of the anti-rebel group died (Gorobe MICHIJIMA), while six members of the rebel group were killed (Shinshichi ARIMA, Aijiro SHIBAYAMA, Sosuke HASHIGUCHI, Naogoro NISHIDA, Ryusuke DESHIMARU, and Denzo HASHIGUCHI) and two were badly wounded (Kensuke TANAKA and Shingoezaemon MORIYAMA).
- 主に西国武士を率いて平氏を滅亡させた義経の多大な戦功は、恩賞を求めて頼朝に従っている東国武士達の戦功の機会を奪う結果になり、鎌倉政権の基盤となる東国御家人達の不満を噴出させた。
- Yoshitsune's remarkable military contributions in defeating the Taira clan were mainly achieved with the participation of the Saigoku (western Japan) warriors, and this lead to a deprivation of Togoku (eastern Japan) warriors' opportunities to render distinguished services, and consequently, provoked the discontent of the lower-ranking vassals (gokenin) of eastern Japan.
- 左の各号の一に該当する場合には、逃亡犯罪人を引き渡してはならない。但し、第三号、第四号、第八号又は第九号に該当する場合において、引渡条約に別段の定があるときは、この限りでない。
- A fugitive shall not be extradited in any of the following circumstances; provided that this shall not apply in cases falling under items (iii), (iv), (viii), or (ix) when the extradition treaty provides otherwise.
- この死亡帳は同時に出土した20号文書(解文の書止部分)に「嘉承二年」(849年)、21号文書(書状)に「嘉祥三年」(850年)の年紀があることから、9世紀前半のものと判断される。
- It is judged that this Shibocho was created in the first half of the ninth century, because a year was described as 849 in Document No. 20 (back matter of a letter), and was described as 850 in Document No. 21 (letter), which were unearthed together.
- それ以前は、古代の戸籍制度・計帳・班田収授法などに立脚した律令制統治が行われていたが、この頃には、人民の浮浪・逃亡・偽籍が著しく増加したため、律令制統治が行き詰まりを見せていた。
- Before that, Japan had been ruled by the ritsuryo system of governance (a constitutional form of governance) built on an ancient family register system, tax book, handenshuju-no-ho (law on the distribution and collection of farmlands) and so on, but at that time, vagrancy, elopement, false family registration of the people dramatically increased and the ritsuryo system of governance ran into an impasse.
- そのルーツは明らかでなく、『平泉雑記』が伝える安倍氏自身の家伝によれば、神武天皇に殺された畿内の王長脛彦の兄安日彦をその始祖とし、安日彦の津軽亡命をもって安倍氏の発祥としている。
- The roots of the Abe clan have not been clarified, but according to the family tradition that the Abe clan passed down in the 'Hiraizumi Zakki' (Miscellaneous notes on Hiraizumi), their earliest ancestor was Abihiko, the older brother of Nagasunehiko, the king of the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) who had been killed by Emperor Jinmu, and the Abe clan originated when Abihiko fled to Tsugaru.
- その後、平氏は西国の諸勢力を組織して戦争に当たっていたが、元暦2年(1185年)3月、関門海峡での最終決戦(壇ノ浦の戦い)で源義経軍に敗れて滅亡し、平氏政権は名実ともに消滅した。
- Later, the Taira clan organized the various forces of the west and continued to battle, but at the final pitched battle at the Kanmon Channel in March 1185, (Battle of Dannoura), they lost to MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune's forces and the Taira clan administration ended in both name and actuality.
- 鎌倉幕府が六波羅に六波羅探題を設置したのも、平家滅亡後に、京都における北条氏の邸宅が置かれていたこともあるが、検断権を巡る検非違使との直接的な衝突を避けたことも理由に挙げられる。
- This was because the Kamakura bakufu established the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency) in Rokuhara and because the Kyoto residence of the Hojo clan was established after the defeat of the Taira clan, but the avoidance of direct conflict with kebiishi over the right to judge criminal cases is also given as a reason.
- お大尽は「臨月に亡くなった娘をお腹の子供も死んでしまったと思い込んでそのまま葬ったのだったが、娘は死骸のまま出産し子供を育てるために幽霊となって飴を買いに来たのだろう」と言った。
- The wealthy person says, 'When my daughter died, I assumed that the baby in the womb also died, so I buried her without thinking of it. But she gave birth to a son in here and must have become a ghost to raise the child by buying some candy.'
- 平安時代初期の歴史書である『続日本紀』の中にある天応 (日本)元年(781年)6月の宅嗣の死亡記事の中において宅嗣の業績とともに芸亭の創設経緯を記した宅嗣の文章が転載されている。
- In the report of Yakatsugu's death in June 781 found in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued), a historical document of the early Heian period, description of his accomplishments in life is accompanied by Yakatsugu's own writing on how Untei was established.
- 新政府軍が箱館に進軍しており、弁天台場で新政府軍と戦っていた新選組を助けようと土方歳三ら数名が助けに向かうが土方歳三が銃弾に当たり死亡し、食料や水も尽きてきたので新選組は降伏した。
- The army of the new government was advancing, and when Toshizo HIJIKATA and a few others tried to advance and rescue Shinsen-gumi who were fighting at Benten Daiba with the army of the new government, Toshizo HIJIKATA was hit by a bullet and died, and as there was almost no food or water left, Shinsen-gumi surrendered.
- その支配体制は富樫氏滅亡以前である文明年間末期の段階において室町幕府が守護に対して下す奉行人奉書などの命令書が富樫政親ではなく直接蓮綱・蓮悟あてに送付されていることからでも分かる。
- This ruling system can be seen in the fact that the orders such as bugyonin hosho (magistrate orders) given from the Muromachi bakufu to provincial governors in the late Bunmei Era when the Togashi clan still existed, were not sent to Masachika TOGASHI but sent directly to Renko and Rengo.
- 徳川家康が征夷大将軍に任ぜられたのは1603年だが、美術史上の区分では、大坂の役で豊臣氏が滅亡し、江戸幕府の支配体制が確立した1615年を桃山時代と江戸時代の区切りとすることが多い。
- Though it was in A.D. 1603 when Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was appointed seii taishogun (literally, great general who subdues the barbarians), the boundary between the Momoyama period and the Edo period is commonly thought to have been in A.D. 1615, when the Toyotomi clan fell in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka) and the ruling system of the Edo bakufu was established.
- 後半は寿永2年(1183年)7月 (旧暦)、一門と共に都落ちする資盛との別離に始まり、平家の滅亡に殉じて資盛が壇ノ浦の戦いの海の藻屑と消えたのち、ひたすらその追憶に生きた日々を描く。
- The latter half begins with her parting with Sukemori, who was fleeing from Kyoto with his clan in July and August 1183, and describes her days of being solely immersed in reminiscences of Sukemori after he was sent to the ocean's bottom at the battle of Dannoura following the fall of the Taira family
- しかし、その藤原南家が藤原仲麻呂の乱で衰退してしまうと、石川氏も平安京遷都後亡くなった正四位上・参議、石川真守(年足の孫、馬子の7代孫)を最後に公卿は出なくなり、歴史から姿を消した。
- However, as the Southern House of the Fujiwara clan entered a terminal decline after FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's Rebellion, the Ishikawa clan also failed to produce other kugyo (court noble) succeeding ISHIKAWA no Mamori (Toshitari's grandchild and the seventh generation of Umako's grandchildren), who was Shoshiinojo (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade) and sangi (Councillor), died after the transfer of the capital to the Heian-kyo, and would vanish from history.
- 貧困層は偽籍・逃亡によって租税負担から逃れ、富豪層は墾田活動を通じて得分収取しうる田地を獲得し、逃亡したり私出挙によって負債を負わせた貧困百姓らを保護民、隷属民として囲い込んでいった。
- While peasants in poverty evaded tax by false registration or escape, wealthy peasants acquired additional farmland through reclamation, which they were allowed to own privately, and made poor peasants, especially those who escaped or were debt-burned due to private suiko, their subordinate people.
- 次いで佐竹家臣として出羽角館城に1万6000石を与えられたものの、盛重の死後、息子が相次いで病死、最後の当主蘆名千鶴丸も3歳で事故死したために家系は断絶して蘆名氏は名実ともに滅亡した。
- Morishige was granted Kakunodate Castle in Dewa and 16 thousand koku as a retainer of the Satake clan; though, after his death, his sons died one after another and the last head of the clan Sentsurumaru ASHINA died in an accident at the age of three, who was the last of the line, leaving the Ashina clan in ruin.
- はじめ資定(王)(すけさだ(おう))と称し、父具平親王を早くに亡くし、姉・隆姫女王の夫である藤原頼通の猶子となった(ただし、当時の実態とすれば養子とほぼ同様の意味に解する事ができる)。
- He was first called (Prince) Sukesada, and after he had lost his father Imperial Prince Tomohira early, became a Yushi (another child considered as one's own) of FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, who was the husband of his elder sister Princess Takahime (however, at that time, Yushi were considered to be virtually same as an adopted child.)
- 翌日、女が置いていった羽織を店先に干しておくと、通りがかりのお大尽が店に入ってきて「この羽織は、先日亡くなった自分の娘の棺桶に入れてやったものだ。これをどこで手に入れたのか」と聞いた。
- The next day, when he hangs the woman's haori in front of the store, a wealthy person happens to pass and comes into it, asking 'This haori is the one I put into the casket of my daughter who passed away the other day. Where did you get it?'
- 平成10年(1998年)度に行われた秋田城(秋田県秋田市)第72次調査で見つかった漆紙文書は、国立歴史民俗博物館の平川南教授の赤外線カメラを用いた解読によって死亡帳であることが判明した。
- The lacquer-infiltrating paper document found in the 72nd research of Akita-jo Castle (Akita City, Akita Prefecture) in 1998 turned out to be Shibocho through decipherment using an infrared camera by Professor Minami HIRAKAWA of the National Museum of Japanese History.
- 伊勢平氏が壇ノ浦の戦いで滅亡した元暦2年・寿永4年(1185年)に、信濃国を知行国とした源頼朝によって遠光は信濃守に任ぜられたが、長清はこの地盤を受け継ぎ、小笠原氏は信濃に土着してゆく。
- In 1185, the year of the fall of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) at the Battle of Dan no ura, Tomitsu was assigned to serve as Shinano no kami (governor of Shinano Province) by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who made Shinano Province as proprietary province, then Nagakiyo succeeded the area and the Ogasawara clan settled in Shinano.
- 死後、京都東山の阿弥陀ヶ峰(現在の豊国廟)に葬られ、豊国大明神として豊国神社 (京都市)(京都)に祀られたが、豊臣家滅亡後、徳川家康により全ての建造物は破却され、大明神の号も剥奪された。
- After his death, his body was berried at Amidagamine at Higashiyama of Kyoto (present Toyokuni Mausoleum) and enshrined as Toyokunidaimyojin at Toyokuni Shrine (in Kyoto city), but after the ruin of TOYOTOMI clan all buildings were destroyed and the title of Daimyojin was deprived by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
- 現在、『後三年合戦絵詞』には、東京国立博物館に収蔵されている、鎌倉幕府滅亡の14年後の南北朝時代 (日本)、貞和3年(1347年)に、飛騨守惟久により描かれた絵巻であり、三巻が現存する。
- The current 'Gosannen Kassen Ekotoba' was written by Korehisa, Hida no kami (Provincial Governor of Hida), in 1347, 14 years after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and its three volumes are held at Tokyo National Museum.
- しかし天文17年(1548年)、長慶が氏綱側に寝返ったため、一転して晴元側が不利となり、天文18年(1549年)には江口の戦いで長慶に敗れて晴元は足利義晴・足利義輝と共に近江に逃亡した。
- In 1548, however, Nagayoshi went over to Ujitsuna's side and Harumoto suddenly came to be in a disadvantageous position, and in 1549, he fled to the Omi Province with Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA and Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA after he was defeated by Nagayoshi at the Battle of Eguchi.
- 東京高等裁判所は、第一項の決定をしたときは、すみやかに、東京高等検察庁の検察官及び逃亡犯罪人に裁判書の謄本を送達し、東京高等検察庁の検察官にその提出した関係書類を返還しなければならない。
- When the Tokyo High Court renders the decision provided for in paragraph (1) above, the Court shall promptly deliver a certified copy of the written decision to the public prosecutor of the Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office and to the fugitive, and return the related documents submitted by the public prosecutor to him/her.
- 日本の正史であった六国史は、原則として漢文による編年体の体裁を取っているが、『日本書紀』以外の5史においては高官あるいは高僧の死亡記事の際に当該人物の伝記を挿入する事が行われた(国史体)。
- A Japanese authentic history, Rikkokushi (6 histories of the nation), basically maintains the appearance of Hennentai (a chronological writing style) in classical Chinese, but in the 5 histories other than 'Nihonshoki,' the biographies of high officials or high-rank priests were added in the descriptions of their deaths (Kokushitai).
- 逆に兄・時平や共に道真を陥れた源光 (公卿)が亡くなり、醍醐天皇が病気がちとなり、天皇の父である宇多法皇が再び国政に関与するようになると、忠平は法皇の相談役として急速な出世を遂げたと言う。
- It is said that after the deaths of his brother Tokihira and MINAMOTO no Hikaru (a court noble), who together had undermined Michizane, when Emperor Daigo became prone to illness and his father, the Cloistered Emperor Uda, returned to government, Tadahira achieved rapid advancement as his advisor.
- さらに義政自身も中風に倒れて政務を執ることが困難となったため、美濃に亡命していた弟の義視と和睦し、義視の嫡男・足利義材(義稙)を自らの養子に迎えることで第10代将軍に指名して後事を託した。
- Furthermore, Yoshimasa was stricken with paralysis, which made it difficult for him to assume administrative duties, so he made peace with his brother, Yoshimi, who had defected to the Province of Mino, and adopted Yoshimi's eldest son, Yoshiki (Yoshitane) ASHIKAGA, and assigned him as the 10th Shogun and entrusted him with the governmental affairs after his passing.
- 8世紀初めには、慶雲4年(707年)、和銅元年(708年)、養老元年(717年)と、百日以内に出頭すれば亡命山沢の罪を赦すという詔が出たが、それは大赦の一部で唐の詔を引き写したものである。
- In the early 8th century, edicts were issued in 707, 708 and 717 stipulating that an offense of a mountain valley exile would be condoned if the offender handed oneself in within 100 days, but they were part of amnesty and a copy of edicts in Tang Dynasty China.
- 北京には八旗や北洋軍ほかおよそ4万人強の兵力が集められたが、さきに天津から進攻する連合軍との戦いで敗れ、戦死あるいは戦意喪失による逃亡によって城攻防戦の際にはすでに多くの兵が失われていた。
- The military force consisted of the Eight Banners and Beiyang army as well as 40,000 soldiers, but many soldiers were already lost at the time of the battle of the castle, having been killed in battle or having lost the will to fight and fled when being defeated by the allied forces invading from Tianjin.
- 上述のとおり数片の断片であり、延暦9年(790年)6月に死亡した数人について死亡年月日(だいたい6月3日から8日の間)が判明できる程度であり、人名や年齢などは失われていて知ることができない。
- As stated above, the document was found in several fragments, which gave some information on the date of death (period approximately from July 23 to 28) for several people who deceased in July 790, and gave no information on their names, ages, and so on.
- 死者・行方不明者112人、負傷者386人、家畜・牛馬の死亡・行方不明約48万3千頭、4,600本の電柱が倒壊、被害を受けた耕地21万ヘクタール、森林被害18万ha、経済損失66億円に達した。
- In this case, the number of killed or missing persons reached 112, the number of injured persons 386, the number of killed or missing livestock, horses and cattle 483 thousand, the number of tumbled electric poles 4,600, the size of damaged farm land area 210 thousand hectares, the size of damaged forests 180 thousand hectares, and the total economic loss 6.6 billion yen.
- ヤマト王権は694年に行政が常駐する都(藤原京)を建設し、701年に大宝律令を制定して官僚組織を整備しているが、これに必要とされた多くの人材は、滅亡した九州王朝の官僚を再雇用したものである。
- When the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) was established and a bureaucratic organization was organized in 701 after the construction of the capital (Fujiara-kyo), where administration resided by Yamato kingship in 694, many officials from the officials of the Kyushu dynasty were re-employed for required positions.
- 勤番侍が桜田門外の変を語ったかと思うと歌舞伎の道具係が名優を語り、彰義隊残党が敗軍逃亡の有様を語り、御数寄屋坊主が御茶壺道中を語るなど、当事者ならでの実体験に基づく貴重な証言録となっている。
- They are important records of evidences based on the real experiences, which you only get from the people concerned: for example, kinban zamurai (samurai being on duty in Edo) told the Sakuradamongai Incident; a person in charge of tools told the famous actor; the survivors of Shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno) told how the defeated army ran away; osukiya bozu (a monk serving the feudal lord in Edo castle) told the tea pot journey.
- その一方で女御への興味も強く持っていたが(「絵合」)、女御は母の恋人であった源氏が近寄る事を厭い、源氏自身も亡き御息所の遺言で強く諌められていたため、未練を抱きつつもあくまで後見役に徹した。
- However, Genji was strong;y interested in the nyogo ('Eawase'), but since the nyogo did not want Genji, who was her mother's lover, to come close to her and Genji himself was strongly constrained by the late Miyasudokoro's will, he played the role of guardian while being attached to her to some extent.
- 1333年(元弘3)に後醍醐天皇の討幕運動から元弘の乱が起こり、足利尊氏らが鎌倉幕府を滅亡させるが、毛利時親は幕府から離反しており、後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政からも距離を置いている。
- Caused by the Emperor Godaiko's anti-shogunate movement, the Genko War started in 1333 which Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed the Kamakura bakufu; by this time, however, Tokichika MORI had already defected from the bakufu and did not participate in the Kenmu no Shinsei (The new government of the Emperor Godaigo).
- 同一の王権が大規模な対外戦争を継続しつつ倭(日本)による朝鮮半島への進出は、366年に百済と同盟してから663年の白村江での唐・新羅との戦いを経て668年の高句麗の滅亡までの303年間である。
- While a war against foreign countries under the same royal throne continued, the ingression by Wa (Japan) to the Korean Peninsula continued 303 years, from the alliance with Kudara in 366 until the destruction of Goguryeo (kingdom of Korea) in 668 through the battle against Tang-Silla at Baekgang in 663.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に開始された後醍醐天皇の建武の新政から離反した足利尊氏は、南北朝時代 (日本)の1336年に湊川の戦いで新田義貞・楠木正成らを破り京都へ入り、施政方針を定めた建武式目を制定する。
- During the Northern and Southern Court period of Japan in 1336, Takauji ASHIKAGA, who had turned against the Kenmu Restoration started by Emperor Godaigo after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu, defeated Yoshisada NITTA and Masashige KUSUNOKI in the battle of Minatogawa, entered Kyoto, and established his administrative policies in the Kenmu Code.
- この問題はすなわち討ち入り後、泉岳寺にある長矩の墓に行くまでに突然姿を消した足軽寺坂吉右衛門が、逃亡者であるのか、それとも何らかの理由で同志達の許可を得たうえで離れた者であるのかの問題である。
- Effectively, the issue is whether the foot soldier Kichiemon TERASAKA who suddenly disappeared after a raid on the way to visit Naganori's grave in Sengaku-ji Temple, was a deserter or left his fellow soldiers with their permission for some reason.
- 東京高等裁判所は、第一項の決定をする前に、逃亡犯罪人及びこれを補佐する弁護士に対し、意見を述べる機会を与えなければならない。但し、次条第一項第一号又は第二号の決定をする場合は、この限りでない。
- Before rendering its decision, the Tokyo High Court shall give the fugitive and his/her counsel an opportunity to express their opinions; provided that this shall not apply when the decision to be rendered is in accordance with item (i) or (ii) of paragraph (1) of Article 10.
- 天皇の居所に落雷したということも衝撃的であったが、死亡した藤原清貫がかつて大宰府に左遷された菅原道真の動向監視を藤原時平に命じられていたこともあり、清貫は道真の怨霊に殺されたという噂が広まった。
- From the shocking fact that the thunderbolt struck the Emperor's residence, and the fact that the dead SUGAWARA no Kiyotsura had once spied on SUGAWARA no Michizane's movements under orders of FUJIWARA no Tokihira when Michizane was exiled to Dazaifu, a rumor spread that Kiyotsura was killed by the vengeful spirit of Michizane.
- そうした状況の中で、伊豆国に流罪となっていた源頼朝は、同年8月に挙兵し石橋山の戦いで敗れたが、逃亡先の安房国から上総・下総を行軍する間に、関東一円の平氏系の武士団(坂東平氏)らの支持を獲得した。
- It was to be in these circumstances that MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who had been exiled to Izu Province raised an army in August of the same year was defeated in the Battle of Ishibashiyama but while marching from Awa Province, to which he had fled, to Kazusa Province and Shimousa Province, he gained the support of a Taira clan lineage samurai group (Bando-Heishi clan) active throughout the Kanto region.
- この死亡帳は、「去年7月」から「今年6月」までの一年間について、秋田城の支配領域(秋田郡周辺)の民について記載したもので、当時の出羽国国府(9世紀初頭に移転)に清書したものを提出したと考えられる。
- This Shibocho described citizens in the area (around Akita County) controlled by Akita-jo Castle for one year from 'July of the previous year' to 'June of this year,' and was considered to be a transcript submitted to the provincial office of Dewa Province at that time (transferred in early ninth century).
- 読み書きが中心だが、寺子屋の師匠と教え子たちのつながりは、かなり長く続いたようで、房総半島では、そうした師匠が亡くなったのち、教え子たちがそのお墓をつくったものが、「筆子塚」として多数残っている。
- Reading and writing were mainly taught there, and apparently the teachers and students kept in touch for a long time; in the Boso Peninsula, many 'fudeko-zuka' are found, which are the graves of teachers constructed by their students.
- 『続日本紀』和銅元年正月(708年) の詔に「亡命山澤。挾藏禁書。百日不首。復罪如初。」とありこの時期にはヤマト王権の「正規のイデオロギー(日本書紀)」と相反する書物が残っていたことを示している。
- The imperial decree on New year's day in 708 of 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) contains the description 'A man who run away to the countryside with the banned book will be panished as notified at first if he does not turn himself in' which shows that documents inconsistent with 'the legitimate ideology (Nihonshoki)' of Yamato kingship remained during this period.
- 薩摩の剣客村上喜剣は、京都の一力茶屋で放蕩を尽くす大石内蔵助をみつけると、「亡君の恨みも晴らさず、この腰抜け、恥じ知らず、犬侍」と罵倒の限りを尽くし、最後に大石の顔につばを吐きかけて去っていった。
- When an expert swordsman from Satsuma, Kiken MURAKAMI, found Kuranosuke OISHI at Ichiriki-jaya Teahouse indulging in dissipation, he insulted him by saying 'you do not even avenge for your lord, this coward, shame on you, you do not know what it means to be a samurai' and spit on Oishi's face before leaving.
- 鎌倉幕府滅亡後は、後醍醐天皇の時代には親王任国となっていたため、後の後村上天皇となる義良親王が陸奥国府に入り、北畠顕家が陸奥大介鎮守府大将軍を務め、東北勢を率いて足利尊氏の勢力と大戦を繰り返した。
- Imperial Prince Norinaga, who became the Emperor Gomurakami later, entered Mutsu kokufu, the provincial capital of Mutsu Province, which had become shinno ninkoku (the province whose gubernatorial posts were reserved as sinecures for imperial princes) in the time of Emperor Godaigo after the downfall of Kamakura bakufu, and Akiie KITABATAKE, as Mutsu Osuke (Assistant Governor of Mutsu Province) and Chinju-fu daishogun, had mighty battles against the force of Takauji ASHIKAGA leading the force of Tohoku (north) region.
- 鎌倉幕府の滅亡後も、旧北条氏の守護国を中心に各地で反乱が起こっており、7月 (旧暦)には信濃国で高時の遺児である北条時行と、その叔父北条泰家が挙兵して鎌倉を占領し直義らが追われる中先代の乱が起こる。
- Even after the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu, several provinces, especially those for which the Hojo clan formerly held the governorships, arose in counter-rebellion, and in the seventh (lunar) month, in Shinano Province (modern-day Nagano Pref.), Tokiyuki HOJO, the orphan of Takatoki HOJO, and his uncle Yasuie HOJO raised an army and captured Kamakura; Tadayoshi and the others were driven out, and the Nakasendai rebellion (so named because it took place between the old regime, the Hojo, and the new, the Ashikaga) began.
- 他にも、茨木司、佐野七五三之助、富川十郎、中村五郎ら10名も後に合流を図ったが、嘆願に行った会津藩邸で、茨木、佐野、富川、中村の四人が死亡(切腹、殺害両説あり)、残りの6人が放逐という結末となった。
- Ten other persons including Tsukasa IBARAKI, Shimesaburo SANO, Juro TOMIKAWA, Goro NAKAMURA tried to join Goryo-eji later, but four of them, IBARAKI, SANO, TOMIKAWA, and NAKAMURA died in the Aizu domain residence where they had gone to make an appeal (there are two theories that state that they either committed seppuku (disembowelment) or that they were killed.) while the other six were expelled.
- 建武の新政(けんむのしんせい)は、鎌倉幕府滅亡後の1333年(元弘3年/正慶2年)6月に後醍醐天皇が「親政」(天皇がみずから行う政治)を開始した事により成立した政権及びその新政策(「新政」)である。
- The Kenmu Restoration (kenmu no shinsei) refers to the period of direct Imperial rule (where the Emperor personally controls the government) initiated by Emperor Godaigo in the sixth month of 1333, as the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) collapsed; it can also refer to the administrative unit of Imperial rule.
- 慶応4年(1868年)4月11日に行われた江戸城無血開城に従わぬ旧幕臣の一部が千葉県方面に逃亡、船橋大神宮に陣をはり、4月3日 (旧暦)(5月24日)に市川市・鎌ヶ谷市・船橋市周辺で両軍は衝突した。
- Some retainers of the former Shogunate, who were opposed to the bloodless surrender of Edo Castle on May 3, 1868, fled towards Chiba Prefecture and set up a camp in Funabashi Daijingu, and on May 24, they clashed with the new government's forces around the area of Ichikawa City, Kamagaya City, and Funabashi City.
- 彼女の呼称「秋好中宮」は後世の読者につけられたもので、源氏が彼女に言い寄る口実に「あなたは春と秋のどちらがお好きか」と尋ねた際(「薄雲」)、「母御息所の亡くなった秋に惹かれる」と答えた事に由来する。
- Her name 'Akikonomu Chugu' was given by readers of later ages and was derived from the episode when Genji asked her 'Which do you like spring or autumn?' when making advances to her ('Usugumo'), and she answered 'I am attracted to autumn because my mother, Miyasudokoro, passed away.'
- 事件発生後総督府は原住民への討伐を決定、軍隊出動による討伐作戦を2ヶ月にわたって展開し、対立部族の協力も得た鎮圧作戦の結果700人ほどの抗日サイディック族が死亡もしくは自殺、500人ほどが投降した。
- The Sotoku-fu decided to retaliate against the tribe after the Incident and developed a subjugation campaign using the military force in cooperation with the rival tribes for two months, as a result of which military campaign 700 Seediq were killed in fighting or committed suicides and 500 people surrendered.
- そして、甲申政変を念頭に置きつつ両国に志士が出て明治維新のように政治体制を変革できればよいが、そうでなければ両国は「今より数年を出でずして亡国と為り」、西洋諸国に分割されてしまうだろう、と予測する。
- Having the Gapsin (Kapsin) Coup in mind, he says that it would be good if noble heroes stood up in both countries to transform their political systems like Japan's Meiji restoration, otherwise 'it is most likely that their empires will fall within a few years' or their land will be split up by the Western countries.
- また、宝暦6年(1756年)以後には5割以下の不作となった地域に対しても免除されたが、基本的には江戸幕府滅亡後の明治5年(1872年)の廃止までの182年にわたって元禄7年の制がそのまま維持された。
- After 1756, the districts with poor crop yields below 50% were also exempt, but in principle this tax system of 1694 had survived for 182 years into the Meiji Period, until it was abolished in 1872.
- 一方、伊勢国・伊賀国地域は治承・寿永の乱で滅亡した伊勢平氏の本拠地であり、元暦元年(1184年)の三日平氏の乱 (平安時代)で平家残党の蜂起が鎮圧された後も根絶された訳ではなく、隠然たる勢力があった。
- Meanwhile, Ise and Iga Provinces were the base of Ise Heishi (Taira clan) destroyed in the Jisho-Juei War and the remnants survived to maintain latent powers even after Mikka Heishi War (Heian period), raised by the remnants in 1184, was quelled.
- その後女三宮の出家と柏木の死でさすがに怒りも和らぎ、また亡き父帝も源氏の過ちを悟っていながら咎めなかったのではないかと思いを馳せて、源氏は生まれた子の秘密を誰にもいわず自分の子として育てる事になった。
- Subsequently, his anger cools after Onna San no Miya becomes a nun and Kashiwagi passes away, and he considers that his deceased father might also have known of Genji's sin but did not blame him, so he makes up his mind to raise the child as his own without telling anybody the secret.
- このことから、清正や正則らと違って所領は播磨国内などに1万石ほどしかなかったが、秀吉側近として重用され、羽柴姓を下賜された上、前田利家亡き後は豊臣氏の家老として豊臣秀頼の後見人を任されることとなった。
- For this reason, he became a close confidante to Hideyoshi, despite the small size of his domain, which was roughly only 10,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) in Harima Province and others, compared to those of Kiyomasa and Masanori, and was granted the use of the Hashiba name and was appointed as a Karo (chief retainer) of Toyotomi clan and custodian of Hideyori TOYOTOMI after the death of Toshiie MAEDA.
- 鎌倉時代後期には、8代新田義貞が後醍醐天皇の倒幕運動に従い挙兵、源義国流の同族にして北条氏と重代の姻戚の最有力御家人足利尊氏(後の尊氏)の嫡男千寿王(後の足利義詮)を加えて鎌倉を攻め、幕府を滅亡させる。
- In the late Kamakura period, the eighth family head, Yoshisada NITTA, following the movement to overthrow the bakufu by the Emperor Godaigo, raised an army and attacked Kamakura, while adding Senjuo (later Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), the legitimate son of Takauji ASHIKAGA who was the most dominant gokenin coming from the same family descended from Yoshikuni with a matrimonial relation with the Hojo clan for generations, and overthrew the bakufu.
- 元弘元年(1331年)、足利尊氏、新田義貞らの挙兵によって鎌倉幕府が滅亡した時(元弘の乱)には頼貞は尊氏に味方し、その後の南北朝時代 (日本) でも尊氏とともに転戦して戦功をあげ、美濃守護に任じられた。
- When the Kamakura bakufu was overthrown by the army raised byTakauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA in 1331 (Genko War), Yorisada sided with Takauji, and later distinguished himself in various battle fields in cooperation with Takauji during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), then he was finally appointed as Mino no Shugo (the provincial constable of Mino Province).
- 鳥羽_(洛外)では総指揮官の竹中重固の不在や滝川具挙の逃亡などで混乱し、伏見では奉行所付近で佐久間信久や窪田鎮章ら幕将の率いる幕府歩兵隊、会津藩兵、土方歳三率いる新選組の兵が新政府軍の小銃火力に敗れた。
- In Toba (the suburbs of Kyoto), the absence of the supreme commander Shigekata TAKENAKA and the escape of Tomoaki TAKIGAWA threw the former Shogunate forces into disarray, and near the magistrate's office in Fushimi, the former Shogunate infantry led by the commanding officers, Nobuhisa SAKUMA and Shigeaki KUBOTA, the soldiers of the Aizu domain, and the Shinsengumi led by Toshizo HIJIKATA, were defeated by the firepower of the rifles in the new government's forces.
- 平氏政権滅亡後の鎌倉時代には日宋間の正式な国交はなかったが、鎌倉幕府は民間貿易を認め、文治元年(1185年)に九州に設けられた鎮西奉行は、博多を統治して幕府からの御用商船を宋へむけて派遣することとした。
- During the Kamakura period after the decline of the Taira clan government, there were no official diplomatic relations between Japan and the Sung dynasty, but the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) allowed private trade and in 1185 chinzei bugyo (a magistrate of Kyushu region) established in Kyushu governed Hakata and sent bakufu-controlled commercial ships to Sung.
- 更生保護法人を設立しようとする者が、第十一条第一項第二号から第十四号までの各号に掲げる事項を定めないで死亡した場合には、法務大臣は、利害関係人の請求により又は職権で、これらの事項を定めなければならない。
- When a person who intends to incorporate a juridical person for offenders rehabilitation has died before designating the matters listed in items (ii) to (xiv) of Article 11, paragraph 1, the Minister of Justice shall, upon the request of an interested person, or ex officio, designate such matters.
- 茨木市の伝承では、茨木童子は水尾村(現・茨木市)の生まれだが、16ヶ月の難産の末に生まれたときにはすでに歯が生え揃い、生まれてすぐに歩き出して、母の顔を見て鋭い目つきで笑ったため母はショックで亡くなった。
- According to the version of the legend handed down in Ibaraki City itself, Ibaraki Doji was born in Mizuo village (today's Ibaraki City) after a sixteen-month pregnancy and a very difficult delivery; by birth, he had already acquired his teeth, and began to walk almost immediately thereafter, and looking on his mother's face, he smiled and gazed with such a piercing stare that his mother died of shock.
- 主人公である浜松中納言と継父左大将の娘、大姫との悲恋、そして夢告で亡父が唐土の皇子に転生したと知り、彼を求めて渡唐し、かの地で出会った后との恋と別れ、といった様々な女性たちとのめぐりあいを主題としている。
- The main theme focuses on the love affairs between Hamamatsu Chunagon, the main character and various ladies; such as a tragic love with Daihime, a daughter of his stepfather, Sadaisho, and then, a love and parting with the empress in Tang (China) where he went to see his dead father who visited his dream and telling him that he reincarnated as a prince of Tang.
- 子には、都落ち後の逃避行中に誕生し衣川館で死亡した4歳の女児、静御前を母として生まれ出産後間もなく鎌倉の由比ヶ浜に遺棄された男児、伊豆国の源有綱(摂津源氏の源頼政の孫)の妻になった女子の3人が確認される。
- Among the children confirmed as his, there was a 4-year female child that died at the Koromogawa no Tachi residence, who was born during his exile from Kyoto, a male baby born from Shizuka Gozen and abandoned soon after birth at Yuigahama beach in Kamakura, and a female child who later married with MINAMOTO no Aritsuna (grandson of MINAMOTO no Yorimasa of the Settsu-Genji (Minamoto clan)) of Izu Province.
- その内容は、侍(さむらい)、中間(ちゅうげん)、小者(こもの)ら武家奉公人が百姓・町人になること、百姓が耕地を放棄して商いや日雇いに従事すること、逃亡した奉公人をほかの武家が召抱えることなどを禁じたもの。
- It banned the following things: Servants for samurai families such as samurai, chugen (warriors who took their orders from samurai) and komono (lowest-ranking warriors) settling as peasants or townspeople, peasants abandoning their farmland and engaging in business or working as day laborers, and samurai families employing servants who had fled from other samurai families.
- 外務大臣は、第三条の規定による書面の送付をした後に、請求国から逃亡犯罪人の引渡しの請求を撤回する旨の通知を受け、又は第三条第二号に該当するに至つたときは、直ちに、その旨を法務大臣に通知しなければならない。
- When, after forwarding the documents provided for in Article 3, the Minister of Foreign Affairs receives notification from the requesting country that it will withdraw its extradition request, or when the case has fallen under item (ii) of Article 3, the Minister of Foreign Affairs shall immediately notify the Minister of Justice thereof.
- 天文5年(1536年)には少弐氏を再び滅亡に追いやり、天文9年(1540年)から天文10年(1541年)には吉田郡山城の戦いで尼子氏を撃破したが、同年の月山富田城の戦いに敗北し、養子の大内晴持を失っている。
- In 1536, he drove the Shoni clan to a fall again, and obliterated the Amago clan at the Battle of Yoshida Koriyama-jo Castle from 1540 to 1541, however, he was defeated at the Battle of Gassan Toda-jo Castle in the same year, and lost his adopted son, Harumochi OUCHI.
- 夕霧の生真面目な性格から父源氏のような過ちは起こらなかったものの、紫の上臨終後に再び垣間見た際には、その死に顔すら類なく美しいと絶賛し(「御法」)、源氏亡き後まで彼女が存命であればと惜しんでいる(「匂宮」)。
- Due to Yugiri's very honest personality, he does not commit the same sin his father Genji did, but when he catches a glimpse of Murasaki no ue on her deathbed, he expresses great admiration for her beauty even in death ('Minori' (The Rites)), wishing that she would have lived longer after Genji died. ('Nioumiya')
- 平家滅亡後の文治3年(1187年)、三河国国司源範頼(源頼朝の弟であり、実態は頼朝の提案に等しい)の意見という形で摂政となった九条兼実が流通停止を命令、建久4年(1197年)には改めて「宋銭停止令」が出された。
- In 1187, after the Taira family had fallen, Kanezane KUJO became a regent with the recommendation of the Mikawa Province kokushi (provincial governors), MINAMOTO no Noriyori (who was a younger brother of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo so it was more like Yoritomo's suggestion), and he ordered the suspension of circulation and placed 'a ban on the Sung currency' properly in 1197.
- 肩書として位階と勲等を用いる場合、古くからの儀典の慣例として、「正三位勲一等日本太郎」のように勲章を省くのが正式とされ、たとえば国会議員が死亡した場合の国会での弔詞でもそのような勲章省略の肩書で故人を呼称した。
- According to the traditional protocol, the court rank and the medal for merit were formally put as the title without the decorations like 'Senior Third Rank, the First Order of Merit, Taro NIPPON,' which was seen as an example in the message of condolence for a member of the Diet read in the Diet.
- 抗戦派の今村は他26名とともに秋月へ戻り、秋月小学校に置かれていた秋月党討伐本部を襲撃し県高官2名を殺害、反乱に加わった士族を拘留していた酒屋倉庫を焼き払ったのち、分かれて逃亡したが、11月24日に逮捕された。
- Imamura of the resistance force returned to Akizuki together with 26 others, attacked the Akizuki-to suppression headquarters situated in Akizuki Elementary School, killed two prefectural high officials, burned down the liquor store warehouse where warrior class members joining the rebellion were kept in detention, and then separately escaped, but they were arrested on November 24.
- この他に未決囚や死亡した改易などの処分を受けた武士や宗門を追放されるなどの処分を受けた僧侶の名誉回復を求めるもの(ただし、処分前の資格を回復するのみで役職・禄高などが回復する訳ではない)を恩赦などを対象とした。
- Other possible cases of pardons were prisoners on remand, and claims for lost honor of dead samurai who had been punished with confiscation (kaieki, confiscation of land, stipend, and house) and of monks who were exiled from their sect as punishment (provided that only their religious qualification, not their official position or their stipend (rokudaka), could be retrieved).
- もっとも、『枕草子』には紫式部の亡夫・藤原宣孝が派手な衣装で御嵩詣を行った逸話や従兄弟・藤原信経を清少納言がやり込めた話が記されており、こうした記述は紫式部の才能を脅威に感じて記したものであるという説も存在する。
- However, some suppositions exist that, feeling threatened by her, she wrote the following anecdote in 'The Pillow Book': FUJIWARA no Nobutaka, Murasaki Shikibu's late husband, went to Mitake dressing gaudily; or Sei Shonagon talked down about her cousin, FUJIWARA no Nobutsune.
- 東京高等裁判所は、前条の審査の請求を受けたときは、すみやかに、審査を開始し、決定をするものとする。逃亡犯罪人が拘禁許可状により拘禁されているときは、おそくとも、拘束を受けた日から二箇月以内に決定をするものとする。
- When the Tokyo High Court receives the application provided for in Article 8, it shall promptly begin its examination and render a decision. When the fugitive is detained under a detention permit, the decision shall be rendered, at the latest, within two months from the day on which the fugitive was taken into custody.
- 橋本によれば、清盛はこの状況を奇貨として滋子の生んだ皇子の養母を「先の摂政の未亡人」である盛子に引き受けさせ、「東宮の養母の父親」である清盛が内大臣や太政大臣に出世する口実としたとされる(橋本200622-24)。
- According to Hashimoto, Kiyomori seized the chance by making Moriko (who was the widow of the former Regent) the foster mother of the prince that Shigeko gave birth to, and therefore Kiyomori became the 'father of the foster mother of the Crown Prince' and used this as a reason to promote him to Nai-daijin and Daijyo-daijin (Hashimoto 200622-24).
- 義昭・信長と前久・石山本願寺との対立は後の元亀兵乱の一因となるが、兵乱の過程において、信長との関係が悪化した義昭は本願寺と和解し反信長同盟(いわゆる信長包囲網)を形成するも信長に敗れ、室町幕府は滅亡することになる。
- While the opposition between the Yoshiaki-Nobunaga pair and the Sakihisa-Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple alliance proved to make up a cause of subsequent Genki heiran (the Genki Disturbance), Yoshiaki whose relationship with Nobunaga worsened in the process of warfare made peace with Hongan-ji Temple to form an Anti-Nobunaga alliance (so-called Nobunaga encircling net), which eventually was defeated by Nobunaga, and the Muromachi bakufu collapsed.
- 拘禁許可状には、逃亡犯罪人の氏名、引渡犯罪名、請求国の名称、有効期間及びその期間経過後は拘束に着手することができず拘禁許可状は返還しなければならない旨並びに発付の年月日を記載し、裁判官が記名押印しなければならない。
- The detention permit shall contain the full name of the fugitive, the name of the requested offense, the requesting country, the valid period of the permit, a statement to the effect that there shall be no detention after the valid period has expired and that in such case the detention permit shall be returned and the date of issue, and the permit shall bear the name and seal of the issuing judge.
- 眉輪王の物語が暗殺の実情を隠蔽する目的の述作であるとすると、眉輪王を匿ったために滅ぼされたという記紀の筋書きにも疑問が生じ、実際の滅亡原因は、大泊瀬皇子のライバルである押磐皇子と連携していたことにあった可能性が高い。
- If we interpret this incident in the story of Emperor Mayowa as a jussaku (literary work) which conceals the real reason of his assasination, there is a high possibility that the cause of their fall was due to the Katsuraki clan's alliance with Prince Oshihano, who was the rival for Prince Ohatsuse.
- 明智滅亡後も豊臣政権・江戸幕府下において丹波亀山城には羽柴秀勝(於次、織田信長四男)、豊臣秀勝(小吉、秀吉の甥)、小早川秀秋、前田玄以・岡部長盛ら信任ある人間が配置されるなど京都の西北の入り口として重要視され続けた。
- Trusted personnel such as Hidekatsu HASHIBA (or Otsugi, the fourth son of Nobunaga ODA), Hidekatsu TOYOTOMI (小吉, a nephew of Hideyoshi), Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA, Geni MAEDA, and Nagamori OKABE were designated as lords of Tanba Kameyama-jo Castle under the Toyotomi Shogunate and the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the demise of Akechi: Kameoka played an active role as the entrance to the northwestern region of Kyoto.
- その後、逃走者が発見された場合には逃亡先の戸籍に編入させられる「当所編附」あるいは元の本貫地への強制送還させられる「本貫還附」の措置が取られた(ただし、陸奥国・出羽国の本貫者については「本貫還附」が決められていた)。
- Later, when those that fled were found, measures either 'tosho henpu' that made them admitted to the family register that they had fled to, or 'hongan kanpu' that had them deported back to their original honganchi, was taken (however, for people with hongan in Mutsu Province and Dewa Province, 'hongan kanpu' was taken).
- このように三好政権内部で内紛が続いている中、永禄の変で細川幽斎ら幕臣の援助を受けて逃亡していた義輝の弟・足利義昭は、尾張国・美濃国を領して勢いに乗る織田信長の援助を受け、永禄11年(1568年)9月に上洛を開始する。
- While the Miyoshi's government kept having the internal conflict, the younger brother of Yoshiteru, Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, who was on the run with the support by vassals such as Yusai HOSOKAWA due to the Eiroku Incident, gained support by Nobunaga ODA, who governed the Owari Province and the Mino Province and was on a roll, and headed to Kyoto in September 1568.
- また、日本書紀における神産みの第二の一書には、火の神カグツチと、イザナミが亡くなる直前に生んだ土の神ハニヤマヒメの間に生まれたワクムスビ(稚産霊)の頭の上に蚕と桑が生じ、臍(ほぞ)の中に五穀が生まれたという説話がある。
- In an alternate writing in the second section of the Kamiumi in Nihonshoki, there is a tale that Wakumusubi who was born of the deity of fire Kagutsuchi and the deity of earth Haniyamahime whom Izanami gave birth immediately before she died, produced silkworm and mulberry from her head and five grains inside her navel.
- 九州制覇を目指す島津義久は、天正14年(1586年)に入ると豊後侵攻 (島津氏)を開始し、12月には戸次川の戦いで豊臣・大友連合軍を撃破し、大友義統は島津氏の勢威を恐れて豊前国に逃亡し、豊後はほぼ島津氏の支配下に入った。
- Aiming to conquer Kyushu, Yoshihisa SHIMAZU launched an invasion of Bungo in 1586 and defeated the Toyotomi and Otomo allies in the Battle of Hetsugigawa in January 1587, on which occasion Yoshimune OTOMO fled to Buzen Province in fear of the power of the Shimazu clan, virtually leaving Bungo in control of the Shimazu clan.
- 現在のものは二十巻からなり、「四鏡」(現在亡失)を継承して、寿永3年(1183年)の後鳥羽天皇の即位から元弘3年(1333年)後醍醐天皇が隠岐に流され、その後、京都に戻るまでの、15代150年の事跡を編年体で述べている。
- The existing text consists of 20 volumes, and succeeding the other shikyo (now lost), it annalistically covers 150 years and the reigns of 15 Emperors, from Emperor Gotoba's accession to the throne in 1183 to Emperor Godaigo's exile on Oki island, and ends with his coming back to Kyoto in 1333.
- 天正4年(1576年)、その昔足利尊氏が再起を果たし足利家にとって縁起の良い土地であった備後国鞆の浦(当時は毛利領)に亡命政府(幕府)を樹立(鞆幕府とも呼ばれる)し、そこから信長追放を目指して諸大名に討伐令を下し続けた。
- In 1576, Yoshiaki built a government in exile (Shogunate) at Tomo no Ura in Bingo Province (Mori clan domain at that time), which was a lucky place for the ASHIKAGA family because Takauji ASHIKAGA successfully recovered, and continued to give orders to various feudal lords to suppress Nobunaga,
- 平安時代末期の清和源氏・桓武平氏の争いから始まり、北条氏・楠木氏・新田氏・足利氏・毛利氏・後北条氏・武田氏・上杉氏・織田氏・豊臣氏・徳川氏までの諸氏の歴史を、武家の興亡を中心に家系ごとに分割されて(列伝体)書かれている。
- The book is started from the battle between Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) and Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) in the end of Heian period, and the history of various clans, from the Hojo clan, the Kusunoki clan, the Nitta clan, the Ashikaga clan, the Mori clan, the Gohojo clan, the Takeda clan, the Uesugi clan, the Oda clan, the Toyotomi clan, to the Tokugawa clan is described focusing on the rise and fall of the samurai families by dividing the story into each family line (Biographical style.)
- 鳥羽伏見の戦いにおける「敵前逃亡」などで惰弱なイメージがあったが、大政奉還後に新たな近代的政治体制を築こうとしたことなどが近年クローズアップされ、加えて徳川慶喜 (NHK大河ドラマ)の放送などもあり、再評価する動きもある。
- Even though he has an image of being a spineless coward, because he 'ran away in the face of his enemy' during the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, there has recently been a focus on his attempt at constructing a new, modern political system after Taisei Hokan, and there is a movement to re-evaluate his contributions including airing of 'TOKUGAWA Yoshinobu' (an NHK Taiga Drama).
- 「薄雲」帖で亡くなったことから、出家後は後世の読者から「薄雲女院(うすぐも の にょいん)」と呼ばれている(なお、作中では藤壺が「女御」「女院」と呼ばれたことはなく、藤壺の身分については研究者の間でも意見が分かれている)。
- Since she died in the volume of 'Usugumo' (Wisps of Cloud), she was called 'Usugumo no Nyoin' after taking vows by the readers of later eras (Fujitsubo is never called 'nyogo' and 'nyoin' in the book and the opinions of researchers on Fujitsubo's position are divided).
- 7月、レンジャー養成訓練中だった青森駐屯第5普通科連隊の訓練生15人、教官ら8人の計23人が、八甲田温泉近くの田代平牧場入口付近のくぼ地で相次いでガス中毒様の症状で倒れ、12人が病院に運ばれ内3名が死亡する惨事が起きている。
- In July, 15 trainees and 8 instructors, 23 in total, of the fifth Infantry Regiment of Aomori post fell on a low-lying depression at the entrance of Tashirodaira farm near Hakkoda hot spring with gas poisoning-like symptoms during the training of rangers, and 12 of them were carried to hospital, of whom 3 died.
- 戦国時代 (日本)に現れた土岐為頼は、房総の覇権をめぐって里見氏と後北条氏とが対立するなかでたくみに身を処し勢力を維持したが、為頼の死後、土岐頼春(義成)の代に小田原の役が勃発、頼春(義成)は後北条氏方に与したために滅亡した。
- Tamerori TOKI, who appeared in the Warring States period (Japan), conducted himself tactfully to maintain his power in the middle of confrontation between the Satomi clan and the Gohojo clan over the supremacy of Boso region, however, after his death, the Siege of Odawara broke out in the era of Yoriharu TOKI (Yoshinari), and the Kazusa-Toki clan lost its power because Yoriharu sided with the Gohojo clan.
- 一橋派は島津斉彬の養女・天璋院を将軍・御台所として大奥に送り込むなどの擁立工作を行なうが、阿部正弘、島津斉彬が相次いで亡くなると勢いを失い、安政5年(1858年)に大老となった井伊直弼が裁定し、「将軍継嗣は徳川慶福」と決した。
- The Hitotsubashi-party executed political maneuvers such as sending into Ooku Nariakira SHIMAZU's adopted daughter, Tenshoin, as Shogun's wife (Midaidokoro), but after the death of Masahiro ABE and Nariakira SHIMAZU, its power weakened; Naosuke II who became Tairo in 1858 settled on 'Shogun's heir as Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA' through arbitration.
- しかし名古屋高等検察庁時代に死刑執行に立ち会った三井環元検察官によれば死刑執行された死刑囚の身体は30分間ぶら下げるのが慣例となっており、30分もぶら下げることで「確実に」死亡しているため、現在では蘇生する可能性は皆無である。
- However according to Takamki MITSUI, former prosecutor, who attended executions when he was working at the High Public Prosecutors' Office in Nagoya, a body of a condemned usually is hanged about 30 minutes and the condemned will be dead for sure, there is no possibility of resuscitation today.
- 元に滅ぼされた南宋(1279年に滅亡)から日本へ渡った蘭渓道隆・兀庵普寧や、北条時宗の招きに応じて来日した無学祖元、元からの国使として来日した一山一寧など、13世紀末から14世紀前半にかけて大陸から日本へ渡来した禅僧は多かった。
- Many Zen priests visited Japan from the late 13th century to the early 14th century including Rankei Doryu (Lanxi Daolong) and Gottan Funei, who crossed over to Japan from Southern Sung Dynasty (ruined in 1279), Mugaku Sogen, who visited Japan by invitation of Tokimune HOJO, and Issan Ichinei (Yishan Yining), who visited Japan as a kokushi (envoys dispatched from provincial governors) from the Yuan Dynasty.
- このときに討ち入り時の綱領「人々心覚」が定められ、その中で武器、装束、所持品、合言葉、吉良の首の処置など事細かに定め、さらに「吉良の首を取った者も庭の見張りの者も亡君の御奉公では同一。よって自分の役割に異議を唱えない」ことを定めた。
- The program called 'reminders for people' was then decided, which stated the details of weapons, clothes, one's belongings and signals at the time of the raid as well as how to treat Kira's head, and also described that 'the one who cut off Kira's head and guards in the yard will be considered to be equal in terms of serving our deceased lord; therefore, you must not question your roles.'
- この状態は、平将門の乱(930-931年)から100年後の平忠常の乱(1028-1031年)においても変わらず、それが故に平忠常の乱は近隣数ヶ国が「亡国」となり、朝廷はその復興の為に4年間も官物を免除しなければならなかったほどである。
- This situation did not differ during TAIRA no Masakado's War (930-931) or in the Revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune (1028-1031) a hundred years later because several neighboring provinces became 'ruined provinces' after the Revolt of TAIRA no Tadatsune and the imperial court had to exempt kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes) for four years in order to recover.
- 史料上はっきり記されているのは、鎌倉時代後期に楠木正成が後醍醐天皇が鎌倉幕府に対して挙兵した元弘の乱において宮方に従い、幕府滅亡後に成立した建武政権に加わり、南北朝時代 (日本)に南朝 (日本)(吉野朝廷)方として活躍した以降である。
- What is clear from the historical records is that Masashige KUSUNOKI fought together with the court during the Genko War when Emperor Godaigo raised an army against the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), joined the Kenmu Government established after the fall of the bakufu, and played an active role on the side of the Southern Court, or Yoshino Court, during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
- 1551年(天文 (元号)20)に義隆が家臣の陶晴賢による謀反(大寧寺の変)によって滅亡すると、後を継いだ大内義長(大友義鎮の弟)は、1556年(弘治 (日本)2)と翌年に兄・大友義鎮とともに貿易再開を求める使者を派遣した(『明実録』)。
- After Yoshitaka was killed in a rebellion (the revolt of Daineiji) plotted by a retainer Harukata SUE in 1551, Yoshinaga OUCHI (younger brother of Yoshishige OTOMO), who had succeeded Yoshitaka as the lord of the Ouchi clan, issued orders with his brother Yoshishige OTOMO and sent an envoy to the Ming in 1556 and 1557 for seeking the resumption of trade (from 'Ming jitsuroku' [authentic account on the Ming]).
- これを憂慮した後西天皇・霊元天皇は、京都の公家や寺社に要請して和歌・物語・日記・記録・有職故実・公事関連書・社寺文書類などの精度の高い写本を作成し、更に貴重な典籍を謄写して副本を作成を作成して別の場所に置くことによって亡失を防ごうとした。
- Disturbed by this, the Emperor Gosai and the Emperor Reigen asked court nobles or temples and shrines in Kyoto to accurately copy waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables), stories, diaries, records, Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette), documents on kuji (public duties) and shrines and temples and so on, and furthermore, made the precious books and documents copied to be the duplicates and stored them in the other places in order to prevent the loss.
- しかし大坂冬の陣では豊臣氏に与していたため、豊臣氏滅亡後に徳川氏に釈明する意思を表すために、有楽斎は3万石の所領のうち、1万石を自分の隠居料に、残りの1万石ずつをそれぞれ四男の織田長政 (大名)と五男の織田尚長に分与して相続させたのである。
- However, because he took part in the camp of the Toyotomi clan in the Winter Siege of Osaka, Yurakusai (another name of Nagamasu ODA as a master of tea ceremony) tried to express his intention to apologize to Tokugawa clan by dividing his territory of 30,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) into 10,000 koku for his own retirement, 10,000 koku for the fourth son Nagamasa ODA (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) and the remaining 10,000 koku for the fifth son, Naonaga ODA after Toyotomi clan's fall.
- この間、百済滅亡によって亡命してきた百済人や、仏教の僧侶など大なり小なりユーラシア大陸や朝鮮半島から海を渡ってきた人々(渡来人または帰化人)もいたが、それぞれ少数であったために大和民族に統合・同化され、国内での大和民族の優位性は変わらなかった。
- During this time, there were people who came from the Eurasian Continent or the Korean Peninsula by sea, such as the Paekche people in exile due to the collapse of Kudara (Paekche) and Buddhist monks, however, they were minorities and assimilated with the Yamato race, having no effect on the predominance of the Yamato race.
- 承平8年(938年)2月、身の置き所のなくなった平貞盛は東山道をへて京へ上ろうと出立するが、朝廷に告訴されることを恐れた将門は100騎を率いてこれを追撃、信濃国信濃川で追いついて合戦となり、貞盛側の多くが討たれるも、貞盛は身ひとつで逃亡に成功。
- Having no idea what to do with hiimself, TAIRA no Sadamori left for Kyoto via Tosando Road in Feburary 938, but was chased by Masakado with his 100 horsemen who feared action from the Imperial Court; Sadamori escaped following a battle at Shinano-gawa River in Shinano Province, although many of his men were killed.
- この乱により、足利尊氏・直義に分割されていた将軍の権力は尊氏のもとに一本化され、将軍の親裁権は強化されるが、高師直によって吉野を陥落させられ滅亡寸前にまで追い込まれた南朝に、直義・尊氏が交互に降るなど息を吹き返し延命したため、南北朝の動乱が長引いた。
- Because of this disturbance, the authority of the shogun that was divided between Takauji and Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA was unified under Takauji and the power of the shogun was strengthened but the Southern Court that was forced to the brink of elimination when KO no Moronao attacked Yoshino, was prolonged when Tadayoshi and Takauji surrendered in turn, and led to the prolongation of the upheaval of the period of Northern and Southern Courts.
- 内容は3部構成で、後醍醐天皇の即位から鎌倉幕府の滅亡を描いた第1部(巻1~11)、建武の新政の失敗と南北朝分裂から後醍醐天皇の崩御までが描かれる第2部(巻12~21)、南朝方の怨霊の跋扈による足利幕府内部の混乱を描いた第3部(巻23~40)からなる。
- The work consists of three parts: Part 1, describing the period from Emperor Godaigo's ascension to the fall of the Kamakura shogunate (vols. 1 to 11); Part 2, describing the period from the failure of the Kemmu Restoration and the split into northern and southern courts to the death of Emperor Godaigo (vols. 12 to 21); and Part 3, describing the disorder inside the Ashikaga shogunate caused by the rampancy of the vengeful ghosts of the Southern Court (vols. 23 to 40).
- 1333年(元弘3/正慶2)、反幕府勢力の討伐のために京都へ派遣された有力御家人の足利尊氏が、一転して後醍醐側へつき六波羅探題を落とすと、新田義貞が上野国で挙兵し、これに呼応した関東の御家人たちと鎌倉を攻略して、鎌倉幕府と北条氏は滅亡した(元弘の乱)。
- In 1333, when a senior vassal named Takauzi ASHIKAGA who had been dispatched to Kyoto to eliminate the anti-bakufu forces defected to the Godaigo faction and deposed the Rokuhara Tandai, Yoshisada NITTA raised an army in Kozuke Province and with Kanto gokenin, who agreed to this, captured Kamakura and thus overthrew the Kamakura bakufu and the Hojo clan (Genko War).
- 当初は鈴岡小笠原氏の小笠原政秀(宗康の子)が優勢であったが、政秀が謀殺されて鈴岡小笠原氏が滅亡すると府中小笠原氏と松尾小笠原氏との争いになり、やがて府中小笠原氏の小笠原長棟(持長の玄孫)が松尾小笠原氏を破って一族を統一し、小笠原氏の最盛期を築き上げた。
- At the beginning, Masahide OGASAWARA (a son of Muneyasu) of the Suzuoka-Ogasawara clan had a advantage, but after Masahide was murdered and the Suzuoka-Ogasawara clan went to ruin, there was a conflict between the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan and the Matsuo-Ogasawara clan, and after all, Nagamune OGASAWARA (a great-great-grandson of Machinaga) of the Fuchu-Ogasawara clan defeated the Matsuo-Ogasawara clan and unified the family, building the height of the Ogasawara clan.
- まず規定の年貢高から当該年度の除分(免除されたもの)・損亡分(災害による損害)・未進分(未納のもの)を除き、続いて下用・所済・立用などと呼ばれる現地での必要経費を差し引き、更に回収された前年の未納分を足したものが、荘園領主の元に送られる清算納入量となる。
- The adjusted amount of nengu to be sent to the shoen ryoshu was calculated by subtracting the deduction (exemption), loss (damages caused by disaster), and arrearages (unpaid amount) for the year from the settled amount of nengu first, further subtracting the local necessary expenses called geyo (unpolished rice), shosei (nengu paid those other than shoen ryoshu), ruiyo (diversion), and adding the unpaid amount of nengu collected the previous year.
- 奴婢自体は、三国志 (歴史書)魏志倭人伝に卑弥呼が亡くなったとき100人以上の奴婢を一緒に殉葬したと言う記述や、生口と呼ばれる奴隷(または捕虜。異説もある)を魏 (三国)に朝貢したと言う記述が見られるように、少なくとも邪馬台国の時代には既に奴婢は存在していた。
- As shown by a description in Gishiwajinden (literally, an 'Account of the Wa' in 'The History of Wei Dynasty') of Sangokushi (Three Kingdom Saga), that more than 100 Nuhi were buried together as martyr to duty when Himiko (first known ruler of Japan) died, and another description that slaves (or captives; there is another theory) called Seiko were brought to the Wei dynasty (Three States Period) as a tribute, Nuhi itself already existed at least in the period of Yamatai Koku (Yamatai Kingdom).
- 全40巻で、南北朝時代 (日本)を舞台に、後醍醐天皇の即位から、鎌倉幕府の滅亡、建武の新政とその崩壊後の南北朝分裂、観応の擾乱、2代将軍足利義詮の死去と細川頼之の管領就任まで(1318年 (文保2年) - 1368年(貞治6年)頃までの約50年間)を書く軍記物語。
- It is a war chronicle in 40 volumes that describes the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) from 1318 through 1368 (for about 50 years), starting from Emperor Godaigo's ascension to the throne and continuing through the fall of the Kamakura shogunate, the Kemmu Restoration and the split into northern and southern courts that followed its collapse; the Kanno disturbance, and the death of the second shogun, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, and ending with the assumption of the office of kanrei (deputy shogun) by Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA.
- 法務大臣は、第四条第一項の命令をした後に、外務大臣から前項の規定による通知を受け、又は第四条第一項各号の一に該当するに至つたときは、直ちに、その命令を取り消すとともに、第八条第三項の規定による審査請求書の謄本の送付を受けた逃亡犯罪人にその旨を通知しなければならない。
- When the Minister of Justice receives the notification from the Minister of Foreign Affairs provided for in paragraph (1) above or the case has come to fall under any of the items of paragraph (1) of Article 4 after the Minister of Justice issued the order provided for in paragraph (1) of Article 4, the Minister of Justice shall immediately rescind the order and notify as such to the fugitive to whom a certified copy of the application for examination provided for in paragraph (3) of Article 8 has been forwarded.
- まず、広範囲の蝦夷をまとめて、自分たちの要求を朝廷側に文書にして提出するなど、反乱を指導した人物がいるはずであるが、この人物が朝廷側の多数の犠牲者(焼山での戦いだけで500人以上が死亡あるいは捕虜になったという)にもかかわらず彼らの名前が明確に記録されていないなかった。
- First, although there must have been rebellion ringleaders who had united the widely dispersed Emishi and presented a written petition to the Imperial Court, their names weren't clearly recorded on the long list of casualties (more than 500 people were killed or captured in the battle of Mt. Yake-yama alone).
- 東京高等検察庁の検察官は、前項の規定による釈放の命令があつたとき、又は第十条第三項の規定により同条第一項第三号の決定の裁判書の謄本の送達を受けた日から十日以内に前項の規定による引渡の命令がないときは、直ちに、拘禁許可状により拘禁されている逃亡犯罪人を釈放しなければならない。
- The public prosecutor of the Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office shall, when he/she has been ordered to release the fugitive as provided for in paragraph (1) above, or when an order for extradition has not been made as provided for in paragraph (1) above within ten days of the day on which the certified copy of the decision provided for in item (iii) of paragraph (1) of Article 10 was delivered as provided for in paragraph (3) of Article 10, immediately release the fugitive who is being detained under a detention permit.
- 田口掬汀は、海老瀬村の鉱毒被害者向けの診療所の医師に聞いた話として、忙しくて統計はとっていないが、ひと月に2300名を越える患者を診断し、うち半数が眼病であったが、これは地質が及ぼす結果だろうとこの医師は推測していることを佐藤儀助編『亡国の縮図』(1902年)で紹介している。
- In 'Bokoku no Shukuzu' (The Epitome of the Perishing Nation) (1902) compiled by Gisuke SATO, Kikutei TAGUCHI refered to a doctor's story; the doctor had been working at a clinic for the victims of the mining pollution in Ebise Village, and although he had not taken statistics because he was very busy, he treated over 2,300 patients in a month and a half of them suffered from eye diseases, and he estimated they were caused by some qualities of the lands.
- 『日本書紀』の天武天皇12年7月の項に、己丑(4日)、天皇、鏡姫王の家に幸して、病を訊ひたまふ。庚寅(五日)に、鏡姫王薨せぬ(「秋七月 丙戌朔己丑 天皇幸鏡姬王之家 訊病 庚寅 鏡姬王薨」)とあり、天武天皇が見舞いに来たが、その翌日の天武天皇12年7月5日に亡くなった事がわかる。
- In the chapter of July 683 in 'Nihonshoki,' it is stated that '秋七月 丙戌朔己丑 天皇幸鏡姬王之家 訊病 庚寅 鏡姬王薨' which means, on July 4 (old lunar calendar; August 4) Emperor Tenmu paid a sympathy visit to Kagami no Okimi but she passed away on August 5, 683, the following day.
- その後の源義経と後白河法皇による源頼朝追討院宣には慎重な姿勢を示したので、義経亡命後、源頼朝の推挙で議奏公卿十人の一人に押され、文治2年(1186年)10月には右大臣、文治5年(1189年)7月に左大臣となり、世に後徳大寺左大臣と称されて、九条兼実の片腕として朝幕関係の取り次ぎに活躍した。
- Thereafter, he showed prudence and caution in how he responded to the Imperial decree to hunt down and destroy MINAMOTO no Yoritomo requested by MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and issued by the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, so that even after Yoshitsune fled the capital, upon Yoritomo's recommendation he was pressed into service as one member of his ten-man council of nobles; in the tenth month of 1186 he was made Udaijin (Minister of the Right), and then in the seventh month of 1189 he ascended to Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), thereafter becoming popularly known as 'Tokudaiji Sadaijin,' and working as Kanezane KUJO's right-hand man to facilitate relations between the court and the shogunate.
- 法務大臣は、外務大臣から前条の規定による引渡しの請求に関する書面の送付を受けたときは、次の各号の一に該当する場合を除き、東京高等検察庁検事長に対し関係書類を送付して、逃亡犯罪人を引き渡すことができる場合に該当するかどうかについて東京高等裁判所に審査の請求をなすべき旨を命じなければならない。
- When the Minister of Justice receives the documents of an extradition request from the Minister of Foreign Affairs as set forth in the preceding Article, he/she shall, except where any of the following items applies, forward the related documents to the Superintending Prosecutor of the Tokyo High Public Prosecutors Office and order an application to be made to the Tokyo High Court for examination as to whether the case is one in which the fugitive can be extradited.
- これは後述の山科本願寺と顕証寺が焼き討ちにされた際に本福寺が救援を出さなかったことを理由にしたものであるが、これは2度の破門で本福寺が完全に荒廃して救援を出せるだけの門徒もいなかったこと、そして後述のように当の蓮淳が真っ先に逃亡している事から見れば明らかに本末転倒であり、逆恨みでしかなかった。
- This was because Honpuku-ji Temple did not send a rescue when Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple and Kensho-ji Temple suffered a fire attack, but Honpuku-ji Temple did not have enough followers to form a rescue due to the complete destruction caused by the last two excommunications and, seen from the fact that Renjun was the first person who escaped, this accusation was totally wrong and quite a false charge.
- その三連目で「すめらみことは戦いに おおみずからは出でまさね(天皇は戦争に自ら出かけられない)」と唱い、晶子と親交の深い歌人であったが国粋主義者であった文芸批評家の大町桂月はこれに対して「家が大事也、妻が大事也、国は亡びてもよし、商人は戦ふべき義務なしといふは、余りに大胆すぐる言葉」と批判した。
- In the third verse of the poem she wrote that the Emperor was not allowed to join the war himself; a literary critique Keigetsu OMACHI who was a close friend of Akiko, but at the same time a nationalist, criticized her by stating 'it was too audacious to say that what matters to you is your family and wife, that it doesn't matter if your country is destroyed, and that merchants are not bound to fight in the war.'
- 長引く南朝遺臣の討伐に加え同年7月11日 (旧暦)(8月12日)、義教と不仲であった弟の義昭の出奔をみた幕府首脳は、大覚寺が南朝ゆかりであること、玉川宮、護聖院宮らの南朝皇族も共に逃亡したことなどから、後南朝・義昭に加え、当時幕府派の関東管領上杉憲実と対立していた鎌倉公方足利持氏の連携を疑った。
- On August 12, 1437 when the shogunate was trying to subdue the surviving retainers of the Southern Court, Yoshiaki, who was at odds with his older brother Yoshinori ran away, so the leaders of the shogunate suspected the involvement of not only Yoshiaki of Gonancho (Second Southern Court) but also Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kamakura Kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) who was in conflict with Norizane UESUGI, Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region), because Daikaku-ji Temple (from where Yoshiaki ran away) was associated with the Southern Court and also imperial princes of the Southern Court, Tamagawa no miya and Goshoin no miya ran away, too.
- 718年(養老2年)大和国の長谷寺の開基である徳道上人が62歳のとき、病のために亡くなるが冥土の入口で閻魔大王に会い、生前の罪業によって地獄へ送られる者があまりにも多いことから、三十三箇所の観音霊場をつくり巡礼によって人々を救うように託宣を受けるとともに起請文と三十三の宝印を授かり現世に戻された。
- Saint Tokudo, the founder of the Hase-dera Temple in Yamato Province, met Enma Daio (King Yama, or the King of Hell) at the entrance to the other world when he died of disease at the age of sixty-two in 718; he received from Enma Daio an oracle telling him to build thirty-three holy places of Kannon and save people by having them make the pilgrimage, then received the kishomon (written oath) to Kannon and the thirty-three hoin (temple seals), and was sent back to the world to accomplish these tasks, for too many people had been sent to hell from bad karma.
- しかし、慶長16年(1611年)に浅野長政・堀尾吉晴・加藤清正が、18年に池田輝政・浅野幸長、19年に前田利長が亡くなると、豊臣家の孤立はいっそう強まり、その焦りからか幕府に無断で朝廷から官位を賜ったり、兵糧や浪人を集めだし、更には前田氏と誼を通じようとするなど、幕府との対決姿勢を前面に押し出し始めた。
- However, when Nagamasa ASANO and Yoshiharu HORIO and Kiyomasa KATO died in 1611, and Terumasa IKEDA andYoshinaga ASANO in 1618, and Toshinaga MAEDA in 1619, the isolation of the Toyotomi Family became stronger and partly from the impatience the Toyotomi Family began to reveal a policy of confrontation to the bakufu such as receiving official ranks from the Imperial Court without permissions from the bakufu, gathering army provisions and ronin (masterless samurai), in addition, trying to enter into the friendly relations with Maeda clan and so on.
- 松本隆海は、すべてが鉱毒が原因だとはいえないかもしれないが、当時の日本は出生数のほうが多いにもかかわらず、死者数のほうが多いのは、鉱毒に関連があるとしている(実際には、鉱毒が原因で貧困となり、栄養状態が悪化して死亡した者が多く含まれていると考えられるが、田中正造や松本はこれらも鉱毒による死者とすべきだとしている)。
- Ryukai MATSUMOTO says that it may not be said all the deaths were caused by the mining pollution, however, since there were a greater number of deaths than births while there were more births than deaths in Japan at that time, those deaths should be considered to have been caused by the mining pollution (it is considered that in fact among those deaths, many cases were caused by malnutrition, since the people became poor by the mining pollution; however Shozo TANAKA and Matsumoto and others said that those cases should be counted as the victims by the mining pollution).
- 前述のように最古の行基図とされているのは、延暦24年作成と伝えられているものであるが、原図は既に亡く、現在伝わるものは江戸時代の有職故実研究家藤貞幹(藤井・藤原とも、1732年-1797年)の写しのものであり、かつ延暦24年の実情と不一致の加筆が見られる(これが藤貞幹によるものか、それ以前からのものなのかは不詳)。
- As mentioned above, the version which is considered to be the oldest is said to have been made in 805, but the original version no longer exists and the version which has been handed down to today is the copy made by Teikan TO (FUJII or FUJIHARA, 1732-1797), a researcher of Yusoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorum and records of the past) and some additions inconsistent with the realty of 805 are recognized (and it is unknown whether the additions were made by Teikan TO or somebody else before him).
- その後、乙未事変で閔妃が暗殺された。(殺害現場にいた純宗の言で『乙未事件ニ際シ、現ニ朕ガ目撃セシ国母ノ仇、禹範善』となっているだけでなく、この禹範善は『禹ハ旧年王妃ヲ弑セシハ自己ナリトノ意ヲ漏セリ』と自ら犯人であることを漏らしている。(アジア歴史資料センター『在本邦韓国亡命者禹範善同国人高永根魯允明等ニ於テ殺害一件』))
- After that, Empress Myeongseong was assassinated in Itsubi Incident (Sunjong who was at the crime scene said, 'I witnessed Woo Beomseon) killed our mother in Itsubi Incident', and also Woo Beomseon confessed to have killed Empress.) ('A case of Woo Beomseon), a Korean refugee in Japan, murdered by GO Yeong-Geun and 魯允明.' [Japan Center for Asian Historical Records])
- 更に1887年4月4日に久宮静子内親王が亡くなったにも関わらず、4月20日に首相官邸で仮装舞踏会を開催(ただし、実際は駐英公使の依頼により会場を貸しただけであった)し、4月26日に井上馨邸で天覧歌舞伎が行われた事に対する非難から、仮装舞踏会では政府高官による婦女暴行が行われているという風説(三島通庸の記録より)まで飛んだのである。
- In addition, even a rumor went around that government officials sexually assaulted women in the fancy ball (according to the record of Michitsune MISHIMA) because they were accused of holding a costume ball in the prime minister's official residence on April 20 despite the death of Imperial Princess Shizuko HISANOMIYA on April 4, 1887, (in fact, they merely let a venue for the dance at the request of the minister to Britain), and were also accused of taking place Tenran Kabuki (Kabuki the royal family attend to watch) in the house of Kaoru INOUE on April 26.
- 右大臣九条兼実の諮問を受けた季弘は、治承元年(1177年)にも同じようなことがあり、亡くなった父安倍泰親が彗星といい、自分がであるとしたので、父が天に判断を仰ぎ誤った方に天罰が下ることを祈請したところ、自分が重病になったので彗星だと判明した。従って実際の星の動きは問題ではないと唱えたという(『玉葉』正暦二年1月12日 (旧暦)条)。
- When inquired by the Udaijin (Minister of the Right) Kanezane KUJO, Suehiro stated that when the similar phenomenon was observed in 1177, his deceased father ABE no Yasuchika said that it was a comet, but he objected to that; then his father asked Heaven to give them judgment by punishing the wrong one, and consequently, Suehiro fell seriously ill, thereby they confirmed that it was a comet -- therefore, it could be concluded that actual movement of stars did not matter (the entry of 'Gyokuyo' [the diary of Kanezane KUJO] for February 4, 991).
- 同じく赤松一族で但馬竹田城城主・斎村政広も西軍から東軍に寝返ったものの、西軍に与した宮部長房の居城・鳥取城を攻めるときにあまりに手ひどく城下町を焼き払ったために、徳川家康から戦後、これを理由に自害(この件に関しては寝返りを促した亀井茲矩に責任転嫁された冤罪説が強い)を命じられてしまい、これにより大名としての赤松氏は滅亡したのである。
- Masahiro SAIMURA, also a member of the Akamatsu family and was the lord of Takeda-jo Castle in Tajima Province, switched to the East squad from the West squad as well, but after the battle (Battle of Sekigahara) he was ordered to kill himself by Ieyasu Tokugawa, for the charge that Masahiro seriously damaged the castle town by setting fire brutally when he attacked Nagafusa MIYABE of the West squad at his home castle, Tottori-jo Castle, (for this incident, the theory of the false accusation caused by Koremori KAMEI, who encouraged the betrayal and shifted the responsibility is highly likely), and with Masahiro's death, the Akamatsu clan as daimyo had distinguished.
- ここにおいて大久保も事の重大さを認識して、吉井や鹿児島市滞在中の西郷隆盛ら薩摩藩出身者と相談した上で大久保個人による形式で薩摩藩への建白書を提出して「皇国(日本)の安危興亡」を救うために「御国(薩摩藩)」が身を犠牲にすることで「天下に大義を唱える」ことが可能となることを論じて、直ちに贋貨鋳造を取りやめて事実を明らかにすることで、薩摩藩が他藩に対して優位に立てると主張したのである。
- Here, OKUBO became aware of the importance of the matter, and after consulting people from the Satsuma Domain such as YOSHII and Takamori SAIGO who was staying in Kagoshima City, OKUBO presented a petition individually, arguing that when 'your domain (the Satsuma Domain)' sacrifices its life to save the 'empire's (Japan) crisis,' then it becomes possible to 'preach the justice to the world' and he also insisted that by stopping the coining of counterfeit money and revealing the truth, the Satsuma Domain would be able to have an advantage over other domains.
- 江戸潜伏中にも同志の脱盟があり、田中貞四郎(側用人150石。酒乱をおこして脱盟。)、小山田庄左衛門(100石。片岡源五右衛門から金を盗んで逃亡)、中村清右衛門(側用人100石。理由不明)鈴田十八(理由不明)、中田理平次(30石4李施。理由不明)、毛利小平太(大納戸役20石5人扶持。理由不明)、瀬尾孫左衛門(大石家家臣。理由不明)、矢野伊助(足軽5石2人扶持。理由不明)の8名が姿を消した。
- During their stay in Edo, 8 members left the group; Sadajiro TANAKA (lord chamberlain, 150 koku, due to causing a drunken frenzy), Shozaemon OYAMADA (100 koku, due to running away after stealing money from Gengozaemon KATAOKA), Seiemon NAKAMURA (lord chamberlain, 100 look, unknown reason), 鈴田十八 (reason unknown), Riheiji NAKATA (30 koku 4李施, reason unknown), Koheita MORI (onando (in charge of storage room), 20 koku with salary for 5 servants, reason unknown), Magozaemon SEO (retainer of the Oishi family, reason unknown) and Isuke YANO (foot soldier, 5 koku with salary for 2 servants, reason unknown).
- その後、慶長16年3月21日_(旧暦)に後水尾天皇の即位に合わせて14名、4月21日_(旧暦)には19名の公家の一斉昇進が行われて豊臣政権時代に昇進が停滞してしまった公家の昇進人事が一括して行われ、次いで豊臣氏が滅亡した元和_(日本)元年(1615年)に制定された「禁中並公家諸法度」に公家官位と武家官位の完全分離が図られたのも、豊臣政権末期の官位を巡る朝廷の混乱を知る家康にとっては当然の事であったのである。
- Subsequently, fourteen court nobles advanced in rank on May 3, 1611, in conjunction with Emperor Gomizunoo's ascension to the Imperial throne while nineteen nobles on Jun 2, 1611, getting the promotion of court nobles, which had been hindered during the Toyotomi administration, to be awarded all together; it was only natural for Ieyasu to establish, in 1615, the same year as the Toyotomi clan was collapsed, the 'Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto' (a set of regulations that applied to the emperor and Kyoto nobles), which completely separated the official rank of the court nobles and that of the samurai class, for Ieyasu had witnessed the struggle of the Imperial Court regarding to official ranks at the end of the Toyotomi administration.
- ただ日本を含めた諸外国の研究者は、一進会が大日本帝国の侵略の意図を見抜けず韓国を亡国へと導く役割を果たしたことは事実であるが、対等合併論自体は日本の朝鮮併合論(朝鮮が日本に従属し、主権を放棄する形で植民地となる。)とは明らかに異なり、寧ろ併合後の日本が一進会すらも用済みとして切捨て、植民地統治を開始したことを踏まえて、「一進会もまた犠牲者であり、必ずしも責められるべき点ばかりではなかった」とする同情的意見も強い。
- However, many researchers of other countries including Japan, have sympathetic views stating that, although it is true that the Iljinhoe group played a role making Korea a lost country without foreseeing the Empire of Japan's intension of invasion, their theory of equal merger was totally different from Japan's theory of Korean annexation (Korea comes under the rule of Japan to become a colony by relinquishing sovereign power), so considering Japan discarded the Iljinhoe after the group served their purpose, 'the Iljinhoe were also victims and should not be totally blamed'.
- 邪馬台国九州説を発展させ、大宰府(太宰府)を首都とする九州王朝が成立したが、663年(天智元年)「白村江の戦い」の敗北をきっかけとしてヤマト王権により滅亡させられたとする古田武彦が唱えた九州王朝説の所論によれば、大化の改新として仮託された事件により後の天智天皇・天武天皇が権力奪取する以前の記紀の神代神話と皇統譜や事跡の記述の多くは九州王朝からの剽窃による創作であり、それまでのヤマト王権は統一王朝ではなかったとする。
- Developing the Yamatai-koku Kingdom in Kyushu, by the Kyushu Dynasty Theory advocated by Takehiko FURUTA that the Kyushu Dynasty was established with the capital Dazaifu but was destroyed by the Yamato Administration triggered by the lost in 'Battle of Hakusukinoe' (Battle of Baekgang) in 663, most of the immemorial myth, the genealogy and the achievements of the Imperial Family in Kojiki and Nihon Shoki before later Emperor Tenchi and Emperor Tenmu seized the political power through the incident called Taika Reforms were fiction by plagiarism from the Kyushu Dynasty and until then, the Yamato Administration was not a unified dynasty.
- 「朕惟うに我国通行の暦たる、太陰の朔望を以て月を立て太陽の躔度に合す。故に2, 3年間必ず閏月をおかざるを得ず、置閏の前後、時に季節の早晩あり、終に推歩の差を生ずるに至る。殊に中下段に掲る所の如きはおおむね亡誕無稽に属し、人智の開発を妨ぐるもの少しとせず」と論告し、同年11月24日、太政官布告を続いて発し「今般太陽暦御頒布に付、来明治6年限り略暦は歳徳・金神・日の善悪を始め、中下段掲載候不稽の説等増補致候儀一切相成らず候」とあり、これらの布告をもって禁止されたとする主張がある。
- It argues that 'Our traditional calendar divides a year into 12 months according to the cycle of new moon and full moon and fits it into the position of the sun in the sky. Thus, we have to put a leap month every two or three years and there happens a climate lag before and after the intercalation, which finally causes errors in calculating the travel of celestial body. Especially, most of the annotations (rekichu) on middle and lower part of calendars are absurd and largely prevent the development of human intelligence,' and, on November 24 in the same year, the Dajokan fukoku was again issued and said, 'Now on issuing the solar calendar, the absurd annotations on middle and lower part of calendars will be totally forbidden including the lucky direction, unlucky direction, and the good or bad of the day, from 1873,' which, some insist, banned rokuyo.
- 地方委員会は、仮釈放を許すか否かに関する審理を行うに当たり、法務省令で定めるところにより、被害者等(審理対象者が刑を言い渡される理由となった犯罪により害を被った者(以下この項において「被害者」という。)又はその法定代理人若しくは被害者が死亡した場合若しくはその心身に重大な故障がある場合におけるその配偶者、直系の親族若しくは兄弟姉妹をいう。次項において同じ。)から、審理対象者の仮釈放に関する意見及び被害に関する心情(以下この条において「意見等」という。)を述べたい旨の申出があったときは、当該意見等を聴取するものとする。ただし、当該被害に係る事件の性質、審理の状況その他の事情を考慮して相当でないと認めるときは、この限りでない。
- The Regional Board shall, as provided for by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, hear the opinions or feelings of the victims (those persons who have suffered damage as a result of the crimes which are the grounds for the punishment rendered to the person subject to examination, hereinafter referred to as 'victims', including their statutory agents or in the case of the victim's death or their suffering from severe mental or physical disorders, their spouse, lineal relatives or siblings) regarding the parole of the person subject to examination and regarding sentiment on damage by the crimes whenever, in its deliberation period, victims ask this of the Board. The Regional Board however has the discretion not to hear from victims when it finds that there is good reason to consider that hearing from them is not appropriate, in light of the nature of the case, the circumstances of the parole examinations and other related circumstances.
- 保護観察所の長は、法務省令で定めるところにより、保護観察対象者について、被害者等(当該保護観察対象者が刑若しくは保護処分を言い渡される理由となった犯罪若しくは刑罰法令に触れる行為により害を被った者(以下この項において「被害者」という。)又はその法定代理人若しくは被害者が死亡した場合若しくはその心身に重大な故障がある場合におけるその配偶者、直系の親族若しくは兄弟姉妹をいう。以下この条において同じ。)から、被害に関する心情、被害者等の置かれている状況又は保護観察対象者の生活若しくは行動に関する意見(以下この条において「心情等」という。)の伝達の申出があったときは、当該心情等を聴取し、当該保護観察対象者に伝達するものとする。ただし、その伝達をすることが当該保護観察対象者の改善更生を妨げるおそれがあり、又は当該被害に係る事件の性質、保護観察の実施状況その他の事情を考慮して相当でないと認めるときは、この限りでない。
- The director of the probation office shall, as provided for by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, hear the sentiments of the victims (including the victims' current situation and their opinion toward their offenders' life or behavior, hereinafter referred to as 'feelings'), whenever victims ask this of him/her, in the course of the relevant probationer's supervision period, and communicate such feelings to the probationers. The director of the probation office, however, has the discretion not to communicate the feelings to the probationers when he/she finds that there is a reasonable possibility that the communication may hinder the probationers from rehabilitation or it is not appropriate in light of the nature of the case or further administration of their supervision. The term 'victims' in this paragraph, includes their statutory agents or in the case of the victim's death or their suffering from a severe mental or physical disorder, their spouse, lineal relatives or siblings.