上: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- 上座:
- Kamiza (seat of honor):
- 上代以前
- Before Jodai (before the Nara period)
- 上方落語
- Kamigata Rakugo (Comic Storytelling in Kyoto and Osaka)
- Kamigata rakugo (traditional Japanese comic storytelling)
- 路上観察学
- Study of street observation
- 2部上場企業
- Second Section company (on the Tokyo Stock Exchange)
- 法律上の規制
- Legal restrictions
- 山車の差し上げ
- Sashiage for Dashi
- 伝説上の生き物
- Legendary creature
- 上賀茂民芸協団
- Kamigamo Mingei Kyodan
- 馬上筒とも言う。
- It was also called horseback barrel.
- 神輿での差し上げ
- Sashiage for Mikoshi
- 真上に放り上げる
- Throwing it straight up;
- 真上に放り投げる
- Throwing it straight up;
- 「向上戸立之。」
- It faces to the Upper Door.'
- (右上画像参照)
- (As seen in the upper right side picture)
- 生涯と音楽上の業績
- Biography and the achievements in music
- 根上り(ねあがり)
- Neagari Style (Bonsai with exposed roots)
- 「上方落語」の語源
- Origin of 'Kamigata Rakugo'
- 台輪から持ち上げる
- Lifting it up from its architrave;
- 政治上における桐紋
- Kiri-mon in politics
- 大型和船の上部構造。
- This term refers to the upper structure of a large Japanese-style ship.
- 上鴨川住吉神社神事舞
- Shinjimai of Sumiyoshi-jinja Shrine in Kamikamogawa.
- 上方落語の古い別称。
- 'Karukuchi' is an old name of Kamigata rakugo, traditional Japanese comic storytelling as performed in the Kyoto-Osaka region.
- 尾上菊五郎 (初代)
- Kikugoro ONOE (I)
- - 上記概要を参照。
- See above summary.
- 道明寺餅(上方風桜餅)
- Domyoji mochi (Kamigata-fu sakuramochi):
- 選手の育成・技能の向上
- Development of players and improvement of players' skills
- 『葵上』の前シテなど。
- Mae-shite (the leading role in the first half of a noh play) in plays such as 'Aoi no Ue.'
- 青年漫画(高校生以上)
- Youth comic (A comic for high school students and above)
- 手で頭上高く持ち上げる
- Lifting it up overhead by hand;
- 歯が上下方向に長いもの。
- Its teeth are vertically long.
- 上月佐助(下柘植ノ木猿)
- Sasuke KOZUKI (Shimotsuge no Kizaru)
- 以上により徐々に増えた。
- These activities contributed to the gradual increase of rakugo musicians.
- - 板場を仕切る最上位者。
- Highest position in charge of the kitchen.
- 袋の裏は、上側を上にする。
- The upper edge of the koden-bukuro is folded back so that it overlaps the folded-back lower edge.
- 鏡獅子、連獅子の中で上演。
- It is performed in Kagamijishi (Lions in a mirror) and Renjishi (a string of lions).
- 上記を組み合わせた食べ方。
- A combination of the above.
- 一部上段者が使用している。
- Some of those who are in advanced-level use it.
- 歌合の場で歌を読み上げる役。
- A koji is a person who reads aloud poems at the uta-awase contests.
- 主に上方のみでこの名がある。
- This name is mainly used in Kamigata.
- 以上、製作地名を冠したもの。
- The above-mentioned are those that go by the name of the production area.
- かんじょ(新潟県村上市岩船)
- Kanjo (Iwafune, Murakami City, Niigata Prefecture)
- 米俵に模して四角に仕上げる。
- It is formed into a square modeling a komedawara (bag of rice).
- 公共ではないが御上が行う普請
- Fushin that is not public but is executed by okami
- 2001年 石丸清隆、上野優作
- 2001: Kiyotaka ISHIMARU, Yusaku UENO
- 上級者の間で広く使われている。
- It is widely used among those who are in advanced-level.
- 九夏、一声、泰山、花上宴、十方
- Kyuka (The Hot Summer), Issei (The Beautiful Sound), Taizan (the name of a big mountain in China), Hanajoen (The Garden of Flowers in Full Bloom), and Jippo (All Directions)
- 「燗上がり(かんあがり)する」
- Kanagari suru'
- 法号の上に「妙法」の文字が入る。
- The kanji characters 'myo-ho' (妙法, or esoteric Buddhism) are added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 上座、正面の座席、正客が座る位置
- Kamiza (the seat of honor), the most important seat, or the seat where the guest of honor sits.
- 上諸白と別称されることもあった。
- It was also known as 'jo-morohaku (sake of 100% polished white rice, literally meaning 'better-quality than morohaku')'.
- 中国の伝説上の鳥を図案化した文様
- A pattern imitates shapes of a legendary Chinese bird.
- 上方はそのような演出は用いない。
- Such stage directions are not employed in Kamigata.
- 歌舞伎をテーマにした上方落語には
- Kamigata rakugo based on kabuki is described below.
- 前後交互に激しく上下に差し上げる
- Lifting up and down, back and forth, alternately and violently;
- 盤領(ばんりょう/円襟)の上着。
- It is a kind of outerwear with banryo/marueri (round collar).
- それを袍の上に着用して帯を結ぶ。
- Ryoto is worn over ho (a round necked robe worn by nobility) and girded by a sash.
- ローグレード前立腺上皮細胞内新生物
- low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
- ご飯の上に掛けて食べることもある。
- Nishime is sometimes eaten as a topping on rice.
- 器に盛り付け、上からつゆをかける。
- Serve it in a bowl, and pour the sauce over it.
- - 2月の節分会で上演される演目。
- Pieces performed in February for the Setsubun-e.
- JR京都駅ビル大階段駆け上がり大会
- The Competition of Running Up the Long Staircase of the JR Kyoto Station Building
- 上御堂/四天王立像/室町時代/重文
- Standing statues of the Four Devas in Kami no Mido (Worship Hall): Sculpted in the Muromachi period, designated as an Important Cultural Property
- - 戦国時代 伊賀の三大上忍の1人
- The Sengoku period. He was one of the three major Jonins in Iga Province
- 15年以上を真打と同格としている。
- Those who have a career of over fifteen years are ranked as high as 'shinuchi' (master storytellers).
- 45歳以上と女性を必ず1人含むこと。
- Every group should include a person aged 45 or older, and a woman.
- 戒名の上に「梵字ア字」の梵字が入る。
- The Sanskrit character 'a' (the first letter in the Sanskrit characters, 阿 in kanji) is added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 戒名の上に「キリーク」の梵字が入る。
- The Sanskrit character 'hriiH' is added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 従って、健康上の懸念は比較的少ない。
- Thus it is considered to be more healthy than other meat.
- 粥の上澄み液を重湯(おもゆ)という。
- The clear liquid on top of kayu is called omoyu (rice water).
- 根元から複数の幹が立ち上がったもの。
- Bonsai with more than one trunk growing up from the base.
- - 上級の学校に入学出来る事を願う。
- A bowknot is used to pray for another subsequent admission to a further higher educational institute.
- 上下が正しければ晴れ、逆さまなら雨。
- If the top side is up, it will be fine, and if the top side is down, it will be rainy.
- - 下駄を蹴り上げて落ちた形で占う。
- Kicking up Geta, and forecast the weather based on the shape of how the Geta fall down.
- ご祝儀に採用されるルール上の具体例。
- Concrete examples of the rules which apply for goshugi.
- だが、後に宇治市の茶の質が向上した。
- But the quality of the tea produced in Uji City was later improved.
- 以来上方桂一門は文枝を止め名とした。
- Since then Bunshi became 'tomena' (the highest-level stage name) of the Katsura family.
- 親王は深紫、二位以下五位以上は浅紫。
- Imperial Prince's color was deep purple and the color for subjects from from nii (second rank) down to goi (fifth rank) was pale purple.
- 3度J2に降格したのは史上初である。
- The team was the first in history to be demoted to J2 three times.
- 読み上げることを披講(ひこう)という。
- Reading aloud the poem at the uta-awase is called 'hiko.'
- 棒に肩をかけ、担ぎ上げて運行する山笠。
- A yamakasa which is carried and moved by people bearing it on their shoulders by means of poles.
- 戒名の上に「空 (仏教)」の字が入る。
- The kanji character 'ku' (空, or emptiness) is added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 法名の上に「妙法蓮華経」の文字が入る。
- The kanji characters 'myohorenge-kyo' (妙法蓮華経, or the Lotus Sutra) are added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- また皮のほうから焼くと形よく仕上がる。
- It is also advisable to grill first the skin side of the chicken to cook it well.
- 五徳の上に網を乗せ、餅やキノコを焼く。
- Rice cake and mushrooms can be toasted on a grill placed on the gotoku.
- 逆に東京から上方に移植された噺もある。
- Conversely, some Tokyo routines were transplanted to Kamigata.
- 通常、以上の3点はセットで用いられる。
- Typically, these three props are used together.
- 天女(てんにょ)は日本の伝説上の存在。
- Tennyo are legendary beings in Japan.
- 燃え上がる炎が鶴の飛び立つ姿に見えた。
- The flames of the fire were compared to cranes (tsuru) flying away.
- インターネット上には神霊は存在しない。
- The divine spirit does not exist on the Internet.
- 庭等外部から直接屋内に上がる用途ももつ。
- People can go up into the house by way of Engawa directly from outside (from the garden, for example).
- 近年の動向・漫画雑誌の売上と単行本の売上
- Recent trend and sales of comic magazines and comic books
- 余り上等ではないという位置付けのようだ。
- It seems that fusube tea is not so highly regarded.
- 古い刑事用語で(目星)の上略語とされる。
- In the old detective term it is considered as the abbreviation of 'meboshi.'
- だるまは一番目立つ頂上付近に飾り付ける。
- Daruma dolls are displayed on the top to stand out most.
- 極力上下しないように運行されることが多い。
- This type of yamakasa is often moved in such a way as to avoid vertical vibration as much as possible.
- 戒名の上に「訶」字の梵字が入ることが多い。
- The Sanskrit character 'ha' is often added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 酒株元禄の酒株改め 酒株運上金の導入の導入
- Genroku revision of the Sakekabu system, Introduction of business taxes on the Sakekabu
- 唐人髷:髷の中に入れ込み上下を割ってみせる
- Tojin (Chinese people) Mage: Tegara is worn between Mages and seen at the upper and bottom parts of the split Mages.
- - 神社を守るとされている想像上の獣の像。
- This is a statue of an imaginary being considered to guard a shrine.
- すだれを使って板状に成型し蒸し上げたもの。
- Kaku-fu are those that are formed into a board shape by using bamboo mats and steamed.
- 被り石 / 雨宿り:上部がせり出している石
- Kaburi-ishi/Amayadori: roofed stones
- 料金は現在とは逆で、上へいくほど高くなった。
- Contrary to the current system seats at a higher level cost more.
- 「日本酒上槽を始めました」という意味である。
- It means 'we've started to press the sake.'
- 定義上、上記2項目に含まれているものもある。
- Some are included in the above two items by definition.
- 乾燥度を上げたものは上乾○○などと呼ばれる。
- Well-dried fish is referred to as superior dried fish.
- 葛の葉(くずのは)は、伝説上のキツネの名前。
- Kuzunoha is the name of a legendary fox.
- 通常、畳の上に敷かれた真綿入りの座具である。
- A shitone usually refers to a cushion stuffed with floss silk to sit on, which is laid on tatami mats.
- 忍者は上忍、中忍、下忍と身分が分かれている。
- Ninja was divided into ranks such as Jonin (high-ranking ninja), Chunin (middle-ranking ninja) and Genin (low-ranking ninja).
- 魚の切り身は、皮を上(奥)、身を手前側に置く
- Pieces of sliced fish are placed with their skins on the upper (far) side or fish meats on the nearer side.
- 総体的には上方の演目は落とし噺が中心である。
- On the whole, however, Kamigata's repertoire mainly consists of 'otoshi banashi' or humorous stories with final punch lines.
- 台のない袱紗同様に袱紗の上に乗せて差し出す。
- Offer the kinpu on the fukusa as in the case of fukusa without a board.
- お湯で割れば自動的に温度が上がるからである。
- It is because mixing with hot water automatically raises up the temperature.
- その上から煮あげた干瓢などで縛ることもある。
- Sometimes it is tied up with an ingredient like boiled kanpyo (dried gourd shavings) around it.
- - 上記の小普請に就いた御家人や旗本のこと。
- Kobushin yaku refers to the gokenin or hatamoto who are in charge of the above mentioned kobushin.
- 子供の場合は、戒名の上に「訶」字の梵字が入る。
- For children, the Sanskrit character 'ha' (ka, or 訶, in kanji) is added before the posthumous Buddhist name.
- 飯を茶碗に盛り、箸で飯の上に適当な窪みを作る。
- Serve rice in a rice bowl and make an adequate pit in the rice using chopsticks.
- 短時間で仕上げる調理法を時雨に似ていることから
- Third, Shigureni must be cooked in a short time, which is associated with shigure falling for a short time.
- 外見上の表現形式による分類は比較的明快である。
- The classification by superficial expression form is relatively clear.
- 甲賀では上忍ではなく中忍が最高位とされている。
- In Koga, the highest rank was not Jonin, but Chunin.
- 馬上での使用や護身用に用いられていたとされる。
- It is said to have been used on horseback or for self-defense.
- また前述の「上方落語の四天王」の活躍もあった。
- This was also reinforced by the aforementioned success of 'The Big Four of Kamigata Rakugo.'
- 芸歴5年以上を中座(江戸落語の二つ目に相当)。
- The storytellers whose career exceeds 5 years or more are classified as 'Chuza' (corresponding to 'Futatsume' in Edo rakugo).
- どちらが上、どちらが正しいというわけではない。
- It is not that which winery is superior, or which winery is doing right.
- - 上記歴史の「救済措置としての普請」を参照。
- See 'Fushin as relief measures' in above History.
- 京都千本上長者町を東に入った路地奥に住んでいた。
- He lived in an off-street house east of Kyoto city Senbonkamichojamachi.
- これを家族や友人などと買い上げて芝居を見物した。
- Usually, family or friends purchased the masuseki as a unit.
- 割れしのぶ:髷の中に入れ込み上下を割ってみせる。
- Ware (split) shinobu: Tegara is worn between Mages and seen at the upper and bottom parts of the split Mages.
- 最上部の垂帯と、3枚の大垂・2枚の小垂から成る。
- It consists of one Tareobi at the top, three pieces of Odare, and two pieces of Kotare.
- 酒の闇値はほぼ半年で2倍の割合で上昇していった。
- The black-market price of sake rose at the rate of almost double per half year.
- こうして上方から江戸へ送られた酒を下り酒と呼ぶ。
- The sake which was sent from kamigata to Edo in such a way was called kudarizake.
- まず第一に、上記のように消化を助ける働きがある。
- First of all, as mentioned above it has digestive effects.
- 差歯が抜けにくいのが特徴で、上方からの下りもの。
- Its characteristic was that teeth put into the base board hardly came away from it, and this was passed down from Kamigata (Osaka and Kyoto area).
- 「特級」(濃口 1.5%以上、淡口 1.15%)
- Special grade (koikuchi 1.5% or higher, usukuchi 1.15%)
- 上級醤油は「上選」、「吟醸」、「優選」、「優良」
- The high ranking soy-sauce is indicated as 'Josen,' 'ginjo,' 'Yusen,' 'Yuryo.'
- 「標準」(濃口 1.2%以上、淡口 0.95%)
- Standard (koikuchi 1.2% or higher, usukuchi 0.95%)
- 逆に下らない回答をすると座布団を取り上げられる。
- Conversely, if a boring reply is given a zabuton may be taken away.
- 複数の線を同調的に左右または上下にうねらせる文様
- A pattern that two or more similarly wound lines are placed horizontally or vertically, with an equal distance kept between adjacent lines.
- 東京国立博物館(東京都台東区上野公園)蔵(国宝)
- Held by the Tokyo National Museum (Ueno Park, Taito Ward, Tokyo); national treasure
- その後も専門定席の構想が浮上しては消えていった。
- After that, the idea of creating a theater devoted to rakugo resurfaced, but in vain.
- 以上の理由で、東京でもさかんに聴ける様になった。
- For these reasons Kamigata rakugo is now widely available in Tokyo.
- 朝日放送も「ABC上方落語をきく会」を主催した。
- Asahi Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) held the 'ABC Society for Kamigata Rakugo.'
- 的中していない場合でも、的に近い矢が上位となる。
- Even if not hitting the target, still, the arrow which is closer to the target becomes higher rank.
- 枡でのむ場合、枡の一角に盛り上げ、なめながら飲む。
- When sake is served in a masu (wooden box cup originally used to measure rice), one drinks sake and licks salt placed on one corner of the masu in turn.
- マスメディアによって取り上げられることが多い流派。
- This school is often covered by the media.
- 個人の部(総合・45歳以上・女性)もタイムで決定。
- The individual divisions are further categorized into three (the general section, the aged-45-or-older section, and the women's section), and runners are ranked according to their time in each section.
- 落とし蓋の上から重しがかけられ冷暗所に保管される。
- Put a small lid directly on the top of the food, place a weight on the lid and keep the barrel in a cool place.
- 焼き麩は新潟県村上市の岩船地区、山形県、沖縄県など
- Yaki-fu is produced in various regions including the Iwafune district of Murakami City, Niigata Prefecture, Yamagata Prefecture and Okinawa Prefecture.
- 「上級」(濃口 1.35%以上、淡口 1.05%)
- High-grade (koikuchi 1.35% or higher, usukuchi 1.05%)
- 位の上下による序列は非常に厳しかったと伝えられる。
- It is said that hierarchical order in todoza was very strict.
- 地下に扁平な円形の芋を持ち、地上には葉だけを出す。
- The underground part is a flat, round corm, from which a leaf comes out.
- 呉春は器用な人物で、独自の画風を簡単に作り上げた。
- Goshun was so efficient that he built up his own painting style easily.
- 東京の落語愛好家にも上方落語が受け入れられている。
- Kamigata rakugo are accepted by rakugo fans in Tokyo.
- 道中の総責任者は、宇治の代官の上林家が代々務めた。
- The Kanbayashi family that served as daikan (magistrate) in Uji took on all the responsibility of the procession for generations.
- 宇多上皇が主催し、覚えのある有力貴族が酒豪を競った。
- It was held by the Emperor Uda and dominant nobilities who loved sake competed for the heaviest drinker.
- 雅(みやび、まさ〔名乗り〕)とは、上品で優雅なこと。
- Miyabi or Masa (in case of name) means sophisticated and graceful.
- 木材などを高く積み上げた仮設や常設の建築物や構造物。
- Temporary or permanent buildings and constructions made by heaping up lumber.
- 虎徹、津田越前守助広、井上真改、源清麿が著名である。
- Kotetsu, Tsuda Echizen no kami Sukehiro (Governor of Echizen Province Sukehiro TSUDA), Shinkai INOUE, MINAMOTO no Kiyomaro are famous.
- また脇正面には上座があり神棚、日章旗などが置かれる。
- In the waki shomen, there is also a kamiza (a seat of honor) where a kamidana (a household Shinto altar), the Japanese flag and so on are placed.
- それから、根元に余った髪を巻きつけて高く結い上げる。
- Then, the remaining hair at the base of the hairstyle was plaited and worn up.
- 以上の根底となるべき、優れた人物のそなえる霊的能力。
- The spiritual ability possessed by a remarkable individual which should form the basis of the above.
- タコライス-タコスに挟む具材をご飯の上にかけた料理。
- Tako-raisu: Dishes in which the ingredients usually wrapped in a taco are placed on gohan.
- 上方落語でしか用いない小道具として以下のものがある。
- The following props are used only in Kamigata rakugo.
- その縁で、十郎は能を好んだ家康に『談儀』を献上した。
- That led to Juro's presenting 'Sarugaku dangi' to Ieyasu who loved Noh.
- 塞(さい)の神まつり(富山県下新川郡入善町上野邑町)
- Sai no Kami Festival (Uwano-mura-machi, Nyuzen-machi, Shimoniikawa-gun, Toyama Prefecture)
- 当初は「特級」「上級」「中級」「並」の4階級であった。
- At first there were four grades of 'tokkyu' (special), 'jokyu' (high), 'chukyu (middle), and 'nami' (regular).
- 幹が上に向けて垂直に一直線に伸びている形を直幹と呼ぶ。
- Bonsai with a straight trunk growing vertically upwards are called Chokkan style bonsai.
- 食材をブロック状に切り、数本の串を打って火の上に翳す。
- The food ingredient is cut into blocks, pierced with some skewers and placed over the flame.
- このことも、醤油の成立を考える上でともども注目される。
- This is also remarkable to find out how soy-sauce was established.
- 五徳は爪を上に向けて使っても、下に向けて使ってもいい。
- Gotoku may be used with the legs facing upward or downward.
- 「言凡流をへだてて幽玄に入れり。まことに上科とすべし」
- 'The words flowed and then entered Yugen. It is really high level.' 'The words are similar to those of an old style, but the meanings seem to reach Yugen.'
- ページ内においては、上段から下段へ向かって読み進める。
- In the same page, read from the top column to the bottom column.
- そのため、垂直に上げ下げして焼き付けていくようにする。
- Therefore, the iron should be moved vertically to burn together.
- 取り筆は細線に切られた金箔を巻き付けて取り上げるもの。
- A picking-up brush is used for winding a thinly cut piece of golden leaf around it to pick up the leaf.
- 下店静市は、この点から版画史上の重要性を指摘している。
- On the basis of this, Shizuichi SHIMOMISE points out the importance of the pictures in the history of woodblock prints.
- 京都、大阪の料理は「上方料理」「関西料理」と呼ばれた。
- Dishes in Kyoto and Osaka were called 'kamigata-ryori' (dishes in kamigata - Kyoto and Osaka) or 'Kansai-ryori' (dishes in the Kansai region).
- 当時東京では大学生を中心に上方落語ファンが増えていた。
- During this period Kamigata rakugo attracted more and more fans, notably college students, in Tokyo.
- あらかじめ水指の蓋上手前に茶巾、その上に茶筅を乗せる。
- Previously, chakin is placed at the front side of the mizusashi's lid, and chasen is placed on it.
- また、何の味付けもせずに炊き上げたものを白蒸しと呼ぶ。
- Also, steamed glutinous rice without any flavors is called shiramushi.
- 馬上の弓術『騎射』は武芸の中でも最高位のものとされる。
- Archery whilst mounted on horseback was considered as one of the highest forms of martial arts.
- 現在では上記の通りに飲食をしたり、芸妓と遊んだりする。
- As stated above, machiai-chaya is now used for eating and drinking, and having a good time with geisha girls.
- なお同曲は谷崎潤一郎の「春琴抄」にも取り上げられている。
- This song is referred to in 'Shunkin Sho' by Junichiro TANIZAKI.
- 少量(4ml程度)を口に入れ、舌の上で転がして味を見る。
- Take a small amount of sake (around 4 ml) in the mouth and let it swirl around on your tongue to taste.
- 当然、これほど長い髪を維持するのは想像以上の労力を使う。
- It certainly took more trouble than expected to maintain such long hair.
- 木材で骨組みを組み上げ、そこに隙間無く飾りが配置される。
- The frame is made of timber, on which ornaments are placed close together.
- 桜餅には作り方が異なる江戸風と上方風の2種類が存在する。
- There are two types of sakuramochi: Edo-fu (Tokyo style) and Kamigata-fu (Kansai style), each of which are made differently.
- 米の粥の上に出汁を張り、鯛などの魚の切り身を乗せたもの。
- A dish consisting of dashi stock poured over rice kayu, and it is topped with sliced pieces of fish such as sea bream.
- 出来上がって淹れた深蒸し茶は通常、深緑色で濁って見える。
- The resulting fukamushi-cha is dark green and cloudy.
- 上記のような諸内容を包含するきわめてひろい概念であった。
- It was an extremely broad concept having various implications as described above.
- その後女形として京で名を挙げ、初代尾上菊五郎を襲名した。
- He subsequently made a name for himself as an actor of female roles in Kyoto, and took the name Kikugoro ONOE (I).
- 桂一門と並んで現代の上方落語の主力門派を成す笑福亭一門。
- Alongside the Katsura family, the Shofukutei family forms a major family of modern Kamigata rakugo.
- 成人向け漫画‐18歳以上を対象とした、性描写を含む漫画。
- Adult comic - A comic containing sexual expressions for people aged 18 and older
- 地面に毛氈というマットをひき、この上に座って茶を楽しむ。
- In Nodate, people sit on a felt mat placed on the ground, and enjoy tea.
- 外見上は帽子から腰まで1つに繋がった膨らみを持っている。
- It has a round shape appearance which all connects from boshi to koshi.
- 平成になってからテレビなどでも取り上げられるようになった。
- Then, after the Heisei era, it started to be covered by media like TV.
- 神職による修祓、祝詞奏上の後、神前に玉串を捧げて拝礼する。
- After a Shinto priest performs shubatsu (purification ceremony) and chants norito to gods, they present tamagushi (branch of a sacred tree) before the gods and then bow.
- 新陰流では上泉信綱が考案したと伝えられ、蟇肌竹刀とも呼ぶ。
- In the Shinkage-ryu school of swordsmanship, it is believed that Nobutsuna KAMIIZUMI devised the fukuro shinai, which is also known as 'hikihada-shinai bamboo sword.'
- 長寿の事から同じく歴史上の人物、武内宿禰とも繋がっている。
- Because he is known for his very long life, he is also associated with a historical character, TAKENOUCHI no Sukune.
- 根元からの垂直線上に樹芯があると、観る者に安定感を与える。
- If the tree core is directly above the base, this gives the viewer a sense of stability.
- その後、宮廷への献上品には紅白の麻の紐で結ぶ習慣となった。
- Then, tying gifts to the Emperor with a red and white hemp string became a custom.
- 用便中または用便後に立ち上がるときにバランスを崩しやすい。
- During defecation or when standing up after defecation, you are likely to be off-balance.
- 五徳の上に水を張った鉄瓶をかけておくと加湿器代わりになる。
- An iron kettle with water in it placed on a gotoku can serve as a humidifier.
- だが上方4代目の弟子である桂文枝初代は文治を継がなかった。
- However, Bunshi KATSURA I who was a disciple of Bunji IV in Kamigata did not succeeded his master's name Bunji.
- 上方落語普及と演者の修業の場として活発な活動を行っている。
- These programs play an active role in promoting Kamigata rakugo and in offering a place for rakugo training and education.
- 今後は西京極陸上競技場の改修を軸に検討が進むこととなった。
- Therefore, it was decided that repair of Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium should be mainly considered hereafter.
- 舞台への出し入れで持ち運ぶ際は、見台の上に膝隠しを乗せる。
- When the performer brings them into or out of the stage, he places a screen on top of the small desk.
- 台の代わりに袱紗を折りたたみその上に金封を乗せて差し出す。
- Fold the fukusa in place of the board and offer the kinpu on it.
- そうする上でも、右手を添え両手でしっかり持ったほうが良い。
- For this purpose, you are suggested to attach your right hand to the bowl and hold it firmly in both hands.
- キツネの耳に模して三角形に仕上げたものが主流とされている。
- It is considered that the one shaped into a triangular form imitating the ear of a fox is the most common.
- 上方中心の生田流に対し、江戸の山田検校が1777年頃に創始。
- Yamada Kengyo in Edo established the school around 1777 against Ikuta school in Kamigata.
- 天徳内裏歌合 : 天徳 (日本)4年(960年)<村上天皇>
- Tentoku Dairi Uta-awase: Held in 960 (Emperor Murakami)
- (差し引き分以上の場合もあれば、小銭程度であったりもする。)
- It can be larger than the balance, or it can be as small as change.
- これは両者にとって経営上、重要な節税のテクニックでもあった。
- This was an important technique of tax saving for the managements of both sides.
- むしろの上に煮たお茶を広げ、煮汁をかけながら太陽の光で干す。
- The boiled tea leaves are spread on woven mat, and dried under the sun with the cooking water sprinkled on them.
- この時代までに骨格の出来上がった演目が、古典落語に相当する。
- Programs whose framework was made by this time are regarded as Classical rakugo.
- 現在、固有種・交配種を含め600種以上の品種が自生している。
- Presently more than 600 kinds, including both endemic species and hybrids, grow wild.
- やがて彼らは「上方落語の四天王」と呼ばれるようになっていく。
- They came to be called 'the Big Four of Kamigata Rakugo.'
- 「売り上げ金をとる」、「興行の真をとる」などの意味合いから。
- Tori' literally means 'to get' or 'to hold' as in 'getting the proceeds' or 'holding the position of shinuchi (master) in the show.'
- 「上方には人情噺はない(少ない)」という原則も崩れつつある。
- We cannot say as a rule that no (or few) sentimental routines are performed in Kamigata.
- 他に乱れ桐・桐菱・光琳桐・桐車など140種以上の桐紋がある。
- There are more than 140 kinds of Kiri-mon such as Midaregiri (wild paulownia), Kiribishi (diamond and paulownia), Koringiri (Korin's paulownia), and Kiriguruma (paulownia and circle).
- 一保堂(いっぽうどう)は、京都市寺町通二条通上ルにある茶舗。
- Ippodo is the name of a distributor of Japanese green tea, located at Nijo-dori Agaru, Teramachi-dori, Kyoto City.
- 上記にもある通り、燗とは、酒自体を加熱する行為のことである。
- As mentioned above, warming sake is an action to warm up alcoholic beverage itself.
- 表面が濃いキツネの入った言葉一覧料理になったら、油から上げる。
- Once the tofu is brown in color, remove the tofu from the oil.
- 上記材料を練った後に茹で、その後砂糖などを加えて更に練る製法。
- The process comprising, in order, kneading the above-mentioned materials, boiling it, adding sugar and so on, and kneading again.
- こうして日本固有の文化の上に外来の文化が取り入れられていった。
- In this way, foreign cultures were added to and incorporated in the culture endemic to Japan.
- 新潟県村上市岩船地区が発祥地とされ、「岩船麩」として知られる。
- It is believed that the Iwafune district of Murakami City, Niigata Prefecture is the birthplace of manju-shaped fu, known as 'Iwafune-fu.'
- 縁は位階により五位以上は黄絹、六位以下は紺布などとなっていた。
- As different materials were used for the edges, depending on Ikai (Court rank), the edges were bordered, for example, with koken (yellow silk) for people with goi (Fifth Rank) or people higher than goi in the rank, while they were bordered with dark blue cloth for people with rokui (Sixth Rank) or people lower than rokui.
- 豪奢にして華麗な装飾的効果に富んでおり、工芸史上も重要である。
- With their gorgeous and splendid decorative effects, they are highly valued in the history of craftwork.
- 日本では固有種・交配種を含め600種以上の品種が自生している。
- In Japan more than 600 kinds of both endemic species and hybrids grow wild.
- 二十匁以上の弾丸重量を有するもので百匁クラスのものも存在する。
- The weight of the bullet is more than 20 monme and there was one with more than 100 monme that existed.
- 上方落語協会とは別の落語家団体としては関西落語文芸協会がある。
- Besides the Kamigata Rakugo Association, there is the Kansai Rakugo Bungei Kyokai Association.
- 2006年12月現在、上方落語協会会員だけでも11名を数える。
- As of December 2006, eleven players were registered members of the Kamigata Rakugo Association.
- 何度も大きく上下させる(肩の高さ~差し上げ までを何度も往復)
- Moving it up and down widely and repeatedly (up and down repeatedly between the shoulder level and sashiage (the highest-lifted) position);
- 正式参拝は、社務所にて正式参拝を行いたい旨を告げ、拝殿に上がる。
- To make a formal sanpai, visitors inform a clerk at a shrine office of their intention of making a formal sanpai and then enter into the haiden.
- これは名前のとおり、番茶をほうじて飲用に仕上げた茶のことである。
- As the 'hoji' in the name suggests, bancha leaves are roasted for hojicha brewing.
- 上がえしとも言われる様に、通常のかえしよりも濃厚な上級品である。
- As indicated by its name uwa-gaeshi (lit. top kaeshi), it is the top grade and richer than ordinary kaeshi.
- 平安朝の姫君たちの髪の長さは短い人でも2メートル以上は軽くある。
- Daughters of high-ranking officials in the Heian court easily had hair longer than at least two meters.
- これらのことを、「差し上げ」・「かきくらべ」・「暴れる」という。
- These movements are called 'sashiage,' 'kaki kurabe' (float carrying competition), and 'abareru' (carrying a float roughly).
- 上方の桜餅は、道明寺餅を椿の葉で挟んだ椿餅が原型といわれている。
- The Kamigata style is said to have originated from tsubakimochi which are domyoji mochi wrapped in tsubaki (camellia) leaves.
- 屏上は表の場合と裏の場合があるが、表の場合は装飾が施されている。
- Byojo can be on either the front or back of the instrument but decorated when on the front.
- 実業家で、上場企業フリージア・マクロス社長の奥山一寸法師である。
- He is Issunboshi OKUYAMA, a businessman and the chief executive of a listed company, Freesia Macross Co., Ltd.
- 分類については、まだ発展・整理の途上であり、正式なものではない。
- Categories are in the process of development and organization, and are not formalized yet.
- カツオの場合、皮の方を先に焼くのがきれいに焼き上げるコツである。
- In the case of bonito tataki, the trick to a beautifully broiled finish is to cook the skin side first.
- それらの硬い床の上で正座するときは、座布団が敷かれる場合が多い。
- When sitting seiza style on such hard surfaces, zabuton (traditional Japanese cushions) are often used.
- 手は控え目にひざの上かまたは腿の上におき、背中をまっすぐ伸ばす。
- The hands are placed modestly on the knees or on the thighs, and the back is kept straight.
- 金箔を挟んで持ち上げ、移動させる時や焼き合わせを行う時に用いる。
- Bamboo scissors are used to pick up and move gold leaf, or to burn together.
- (以上5種類をさしすせそ (調味料)と称する語呂合わせがある。)
- There is a play on words calling the above five seasonings as 'sa-shi-su-se-so' (seasonings).
- ここに至って上方落語は復興期を終え、次の時代へ向かうこととなる。
- With this Kamigata rakugo passed through the revival period and headed for the next.
- 現在は香盤(上方落語協会の内規)が真打制度の代替として存在する。
- Currently, 'koban' (the internal regulations of the Kamigata Rakugo Association) exists as an alternative to the former shinuchi hierarchical system.
- 古代~中世の青は、キハダなどで下染めした上に藍をかけて色を出す。
- In ancient and medieval times, the color of blue was made by dyeing with Amur cork or other materials for bottoming and with indigo for topping.
- 桐箱の台座上に立てられた「蝶」と呼ばれる的に向かって扇を投擲する。
- Each player throws a fan at a target called 'Cho' (butterfly) which is set up on a pedestal of paulownia.
- 慶長3年(1598年) 豊臣秀吉はこのとき諸国の銘酒を献上させた。
- It was held in 1598; at this time, famous sake of various provinces were presented to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
- このとき運ばれてきた山車の上段にあった傘との関係も指摘されている。
- The float that was delivered at that time had an umbrella on the upper stage and it is said that it may have something to do with Kasafuku.
- 夏場には冷やして上に冷たいダシをはり、冬場には熱いままで供される。
- Chawan-mushi is served cooled with chilled dashi broth soup over it in summer and it is served hot in winter.
- 時価総額の小さな企業、株式上場から日が浅い企業に投資する金融商品。
- It is a financial product that invests into companies with small market capitalization or companies that have had their stock listings only for a short time.
- 皇族の子女の誕生や初節句のお祝いなどに皇室や上流階級で贈答された。
- Nobles and aristocracy presented princesses with gifts of these dolls for birthdays and seasonal festivals.
- その上から灰(藁灰がよい)を、火鉢の1/2-2/3ほどまで入れる。
- Fill the hibachi half to two-thirds full with ash (straw ash is preferable).
- だが、日本では法律上は不労所得だが、欧米では所得であることが多い。
- However, in Japan this is regarded as unearned income, while in the West it is often regarded as ordinary income.
- その後、冷まして煮汁の表面に固まったラードを取り除いた上で煮返す。
- Then let them cool, remove lard solidified on the surface of broth, and boil them again.
- 特に上賀茂神社・石清水八幡宮・春日大社などの臨時の競馬が知られた。
- The extraordinary horse racing at Kamigamo-jinja Shrine, Iwashimizu-hachimangu Shrine and Kasuga-taisha Shrine was especially famous.
- 干しダラや身欠ニシンなどの保存食を上手に料理するのも特徴であった。
- Its features also included skillfully cooking preserved foods, such as dried cod and dried herring fillets.
- 最下位こそまぬがれたものの順位以上に寂しさの残るシーズンとなった。
- Although the team was able to avoid finishing in last place, the season left behind more regrets to the team than the ranking implied.
- 春團治の死によって上方落語はその王座を漫才に譲ったと見られていた。
- Many believed that after his death, Kamigata rakugo abdicated the throne to stand-up comedy.
- もち米とだし汁を内釜に入れて、その上に調味料を回し、具材を載せる。
- Put the glutinous rice and the soup into the inner pot and pour the flavorings evenly in a circular motion, and then put the ingredients on it.
- これとは別に、明治~昭和期の高弟、井上平太の系統の団体が存在する。
- Besides it, there is another association from the line of Heita INOUE, who was a high-caliber disciple between the Meiji period and the Showa period.
- 巻纓冠(けんえいかん/纓と言う後ろの飾りを巻き上げた冠)をかぶる。
- A crown of kenei-kan (a crown with a rolled-up rear decorative band called ei) is worn in combination.
- 楽器分類学の上では、木製の体鳴楽器の相互打奏板に分類されるだろう。
- In musical instrument classification, it belongs to the group of wooden percussion idiophones, consisting of two similar components struck together.
- 緋毛氈上の枕の上に蝶を立て扇を用いて蝶を狙う点を除くと違う面が多い。
- The game differs in many ways except that each player uses a fan to aim at 'Cho' (butterfly) which is set up on a pillow on a scarlet felt mat.
- 見物人が集まることを前提としているため、上記と同じような状態になる。
- It is based on the fact that when viewers are crowded around them, the situation would be the same as previously described.
- 結髪を八分がた作り終えてから仕上げに挿すための、完全な装飾品である。
- After a hairdo was almost made up, a hairpin was inserted into the complete hairdo simply as an ornament.
- - 仏教の仏を本地仏としているが、実質上神と同一視し祀っているもの。
- This set the Buddha of Buddhism as honji-butsu (original Buddhist divinity), but, enshrines a deity by equating with it substantially.
- 物語の筋の上では、一寸法師は武士になりたいといい京の都に行くとある。
- In the storyline, Issunboshi went to Kyoto because he wanted to become a samurai.
- 下から押し上げるイメージの言葉(下駄を履くと背が高くなることから)。
- This phrase has an image of pushing up from below (because people become taller when putting on Geta).
- 関西長火鉢は上部にテーブル (家具)のような張り出しがあるのが特徴。
- The Kansai naga hibachi is characterized by a table-like overhang.
- これを経て、ようやく的前に上がり28m先の的に向かった稽古ができる。
- After this practice, an archer is allowed to progress to matomae and to practice shooting arrows toward a target 28m away.
- ただし、洋式便所の便座が現実的な衛生上の問題を引き起こすことはない。
- However, the toilet seat of yoshiki lavatory basin does not cause a sanitary problem in practice.
- 京都では2代目曾呂利新左衛門、桂文之助上方、桂枝太郎初代が活躍した。
- In Kyoto Shinzaemon SORORI II, Bunnosuke KATSURA in Kamigata and Edataro KATSURA I were popular.
- この改善の為クラブは2009年シーズンにチケットの値上げを敢行した。
- In order to improve this, the club dared to raise the ticket prices in 2009.
- 東西交流の進む現代では、人情噺を上方風の演出で口演する落語家がいる。
- Today some storytellers perform sentimental routines in Kamigata style as communication between the east and the west has improved.
- 袱紗は元々は貴重品などが収蔵された箱上に掛けられていた風呂敷である。
- A fukusa is originally a furoshiki (wrapping cloth) to cover a box in which precious things are stored.
- 『騎射』稽古で上記3つは代表的な稽古法であり、総称してこう呼ばれる。
- The three methods mentioned above of practicing archery on horseback are considered representative, and are designated by a general term 'Kisha' (horseback archery) in Japanese.
- - 費用を安く上げ汎用の資材や造作を使った安っぽい建築や建物のこと。
- Yasu bushin refers to a cheaply built structure or house that uses general purpose building materials and fixtures to cut down expenses.
- その意味でも特に『千鳥の曲』が箏曲史上の転換点になっていると思われる。
- In that context, too, 'Chidori no Kyoku' may have especially served as the turning point in the history of koto music.
- 岩、水の流れ、屋形、人形を一面に飾り付け、一つの場面を作り上げている。
- A scene is displayed by placing ornaments depicting rocks and streams, a yakata and dolls all over the yamakasa.
- 櫓の上で音楽を演奏したり、櫓と繋いだ縄に飾りつけをして見栄えを整える。
- People play music on the yagura and make the yagura look more attractive with decorations on ropes attached to the yagura.
- 匏(ふくべ)と呼ばれる部分の上に17本の細い竹管を円形に配置している。
- 17 thin bamboo pipes are arranged in a circle on a part known as the 'fukube.'
- 幹が2本のものを双幹、3本のものを三幹、五本以上のものを株立ちと呼ぶ。
- Bonsai with two trunks are called Sokan (twin trunks), those with three trunks are called Sankan (triple trunks) and those with five or more trunks are called Kabudachi (clumps).
- また鼻緒に革を用いたところに特色があり、全体的に上品な仕上げであった。
- Its characteristic was that leather was used for Hanao, and this Geta was finished in a delicate manner in whole.
- 日本古来より左が上位と扱う文化のため、主食のご飯を左に置くのが正しい。
- Because more importance is placed on the left side rather than on the right side in Japanese culture, it is right to place the main dish, a boiled rice bowl, on the left side.
- ここから多くの俊才がプロの門をくぐって、現在の上方落語界を支えている。
- Many talented students became professional storytellers, providing the backbone of today's Kamigata rakugo industry.
- 1972年(昭和47年)に没するまで、明治の上方落語を最後まで残した。
- He continued to preserve Kamigata rakugo as prevalent in the Meiji period until he died in 1972.
- なお上方演芸全般の組織として関西演芸協会があり、落語家も多数所属する。
- As an umbrella organization for the Kamigata entertainment industry, there is the Kansai Engei Association where many rakugo storytellers belong.
- 地上から低くして置かれるため、遠笠懸と違い騎手からは足下に的が見える。
- Because the target was set close to ground level, short-range Kasagake archery differs from long-range Kasagake archery in that in short-range Kasagake archery, the archer sees the target below leg level.
- また、書き初めを焼いた時に炎が高く上がると字が上達すると言われている。
- Also, if the flames rise high when Kakizome paper is thrown into the fire, they say his or her calligraphy skill will be improved.
- 現在演奏される地歌曲の中で、もっともよく取り上げられるのが手事物である。
- Among the jiuta music which is played now, tegotomono is most often played.
- また南回帰線上の観測者から見ると、冬至の日の太陽は正午に天頂を通過する。
- An observer on the Tropic of Capricorn would see the sun pass through the zenith at noon on the day of Toji.
- 江戸時代に入ると上方から江戸表へ送る下り酒の諸白を「下り諸白」と称した。
- In the Edo period, the moro-haku transported from 'Kamigata' (Kyoto and Osaka area) down to Edo was called 'kudari moro-haku.'
- 土葬の場合は、中陰の法要あるいは朽ち果てるまで埋葬した上に据え置かれる。
- When a deceased person is buried, no-ihai will be placed over the ground until the memorial service on the forty-ninth day after the death or the decay of no-ihai itself.
- 布天神:髷の外側に上下にかける、手絡がない場合は天神髷と呼んで区別する。
- Kire (cloth) tenjin: The outer side of Mage is covered by Tegara vertically, but without Tegara it is called Tenjin Mage.
- 本格的な芝居小屋では建物正面、入り口の上に櫓を設置するのが通例であった。
- Orthodox theaters have mostly had a yagura at the front of the building, above the entrance.
- 大磨上無銘であろうとも、古刀の場合は地鉄の特徴、匂い口が決定的に異なる。
- Even if no inscription is carved on the sword, the feature of iron and the Nioikuchi (a part of a sword where light seems to stand out) of the old sword is definitely different from a new one.
- 江戸時代以降も「下り諸白」などのように上級酒をあらわす語として使われた。
- The term had been used for a high-grade sake such as 'kudari-morohaku' in and after the Edo period.
- -18℃以下であれば3年間以上保存しても品質が大きく劣化することはない。
- If it is kept at below -18℃, the quality will not change greatly even if it is kept for more than 3 years.
- ちなみにはそうめんは1.3mm未満、1.7mm以上はうどんと分類される。
- Incidentally, somen noodles and udon noodles are classified as under 1.3 mm and over 1.7 mm in diameter, respectively.
- 面が口の部分で上下で切り離してあり、後ろのところで結んである(顎が動く)
- The mask is separated at the mouth and tied at the back (the jaw is movable).
- 三色紙はこの上代様に属し、『寸松庵色紙』と『升色紙』は完成期に位置する。
- San-shikishi belongs to this jodaiyo, with the 'Sunshoan-shikishi' and the 'Masu-shikishi' placed in the complete period.
- 17世紀に作成された『千家七事式』には「茶カフキ」として取り上げられた。
- Tocha was mentioned as 'Cha kafuki' in ''Senke Shichiji Shiki' (Seven-Event Style of House of Sen) which was written in the seventeenth century.
- 上忍は伊賀では郷士(地侍)で、地主として小作人である下忍を支配している。
- In Iga, Jonin were goshi (country samurai) or jizamurai (local samurai) and as landlords, they controlled Genin who were kosakunin (tenant farmer).
- 焼き物の場合、下処理の済んだ食材に塩を振り、炭火で焼き上げるものが多い。
- In most of the dishes where food is roasted, it is sprinkled with salt after being pre-treated and roasted over a charcoal fire
- マッチロック式は命中精度と射程距離の向上など銃の性能を大きく向上させた。
- In a matchlock mechanism, performance such as accuracy of fire, shooting distance, and so on advanced greatly.
- 価格も近代になってから急激に上がり、現在では赤身の2倍以上の値段がつく。
- Also, prices have skyrocketed as the modern era arrived, with Toro selling at more than double the value of lean meat currently.
- そのため、同じ内容でも上方落語と江戸(東京)落語で題名が異なる噺がある。
- This caused certain Kamigata routines to have different titles from their Edo counterparts though the contents are the same.
- 徳島県勝浦町より譲り受けた7千体を含む計3万体以上のひな人形が飾られる。
- A total of more than 30,000 hina dolls are displayed, including 7,000 dolls that were donated by Katsuura-cho, Tokushima Prefecture.
- 寺社によっては上記と異なる参拝方法の場合もあり、多くはその旨の表示がある。
- Procedures at some shrines or temples may be different from the ones mentioned above.
- 18~20歳以上の未婚女性(お歯黒を付けても引眉する場合としない場合有り)
- Unmarried women from age 18 to age 20 (even when applying ohaguro, hikimayu was optional).
- 室町時代以降は殿上眉の位置はさらに高くなり、能面にも写されるようになった。
- From the Muromachi period on, the position of the tenjo-mayu became still higher, and the eyebrow style came to be incorporated into Noh masks.
- 上記のように魚類と根菜類の組み合わせが多いが、一部関西では豚肉も好まれる。
- As mentioned above, the ingredients are often a combination of some fishes and root vegetables, but partly in the Kansai Region, pork is also a popular ingredient.
- 豆腐をキッチンペーパー等に包み、上に重しになるものを置いて、水切りをする。
- Wrap the tofu with a paper towel and put a weight on it to drain well.
- 3月15日(日) おひな様水上パレ-ド1100沖端出発 1200三柱神社着
- March 15 (Sunday): Ohinasama Water Parade from 11 am on the edge of the bay to 12 pm at Mihashira Jinja Shrine.
- 弁士は舞台上でななめに構え、奥のスクリーンと観客席を交互に見ながら語った。
- Katsudo benshi sat sideways on stage, and narrated while watching the audience and the screen (at the back of the stage) alternately.
- 前髪を真ん中で分けたのち髷は髪を頭上で纏め上げて二つから四つの輪を作った。
- The forelocks were parted right in the middle and plaits of hair gathered above the head into two to four loops.
- なお、「たまり」の文献上の初出は1603年に刊行された『日葡辞書』である。
- The first appearance of 'tamari' in documents was in 'Nippo jisho' (Japanese-Portuguese dictionary) published in 1603.
- もつ・野菜を食べた後の仕上げにちゃんぽん麺を入れて煮込むのが一般的である。
- Champon noodles are usually put into the pot and boiled to complete the dish after you eat the offal and vegetables.
- またその後は、堂本印象、上村松篁、中村大三郎らが活躍し、現在に至っている。
- Then, Insho DOMOTO, Shoko UEMURA, Daizaburo NAKMURA and others played active roles and the Shijo school continued up to the present.
- 食のタブーを持つユダヤ人から「タブーに抵触しないか?」という声が上がった。
- Jewish, who have taboos on food, voiced 'Are the foods free of the taboos?.'
- 製本のうち、上製本を作る工程の中で、断裁後に丸み出しと呼ばれる作業がある。
- In the bookbinding of a deluxe edition, there is a process called 'rounded up' after the trimming process.
- 普段は見台の上に置かれており、鳴らすときは左手で小拍子を持ち、見台を打つ。
- Wooden clappers are usually put on the kendai and the performer holds them with his left hand to strike them against the desk if he wants to make sound.
- 上賀茂神社の笠懸神事、三浦市の道寸祭り、みどり市笠懸などで見る事が出来る。
- Kasagake can still be seen at the Kasagake horseback archery event held at Kamigamo-jinja Shrine, the Miura City Dosun-matsuri Festival and Midori City Kasagake events.
- 一番茶や二番茶の上質な葉の部分を選りすぐり、これをほうじて作られた茶である。
- Hoji-sencha leaves are made with carefully picked high quality leaves of the first or second crop of tea leaves harvested of the year.
- 上記の練った材料を茹でるのではなく蒸し、その後砂糖などを加えて更に練る製法。
- The process comprising, in order, steaming the above-mentioned kneaded materials instead of boiling, adding sugar and so on, and kneading again.
- 百済人須須許里(すすこり)が大御酒(おおみき)を天皇に献上したとの記述あり。
- There is a description that Susukori, a Paekche man, presented omiki to the emperor.
- これは笙より大型で、音域は日本の笙の倍以上あり、素早い動きにも対応している。
- It is larger than the Japanese sho, has more than twice its range and can respond to rapid movements.
- - 福山市にある日本ゲタ飛ばし協会が、上記の占いを発展させて競技化している。
- The Japan Geta-Tobashi Association (JGTA) in Fukuyama City developed the above method of forecast to the competition.
- 水飛が十分に細密な胡粉であれば、最上か一番胡粉で丁寧な錬磨をすれば心配ない。
- If the shell lime has adequate fineness in water spray, there will be no problems if using the best grade or No.1 shell lime and kneading it carefully.
- 万眉(まんび)、孫次郎(まごじろう)、若女(わかおんな) 小面より若干年上。
- Manbi (literally meaning is one thousand eyebrows, a mask with thick eyebrows), Magojiro, Wakaonna (young woman): slightly older than koomote.
- また、健康志向から、腹式呼吸による発声という側面が取り上げられることもある。
- Also for the health-conscious reason, vocalization by abdominal respiration is sometimes taken up.
- 茶碗に盛った飯を醤油で調味し、飯の上に作った窪みに直接卵を割り入れてほぐす。
- Season rice in a rice bowl with soy sauce, and directly crack an egg into a pit formed on the rice.
- 灰の上に火のついていない炭をのせ、固形燃料などを使って火をつける方法もある。
- It is also possible to light the charcoal directly on the ash using briquettes.
- 餅はきめ細かくつかれているものを使い、餡の量は餅と同量以上であることが多い。
- Smooth mochi is used, and the amount of anko is often equal to or more than that of mochi.
- 餅まき(もちまき)とは、上棟式などの神事に際して集まった人々へ餅をまく行事。
- Mochimaki is an event of scattering rice cakes for people who come to a Shinto ritual, such as jotoshiki (the framework raising ceremony held during construction of a new building).
- 敷地の中央に中庭(坪庭〈つぼにわ〉)を置くことで、通気性と採光を口上させた。
- In the center of the property, a courtyard (spot garden) was installed for the improved ventilation and lighting.
- 以上のように、柱焼酎と現代アルコール添加の関係性については評価が分かれている
- Thus, there exist two contradicting accounts of relationship between hashira-jochu and today's alcohol addition.
- 1986年(昭和61年)、戦後の上方落語を牽引してきた6代目松鶴が他界する。
- In 1986 Shokaku VI who led post-War Kamigata rakugo, died.
- 上方のみならず東京の噺家にも積極的に稽古をつけるなど古典落語の継承に努めた。
- He made an effort to transmit classical routines by teaching young storytellers in both Kamigata and Tokyo.
- 江戸落語によく出てくる熊五郎、八五郎は、上方では喜六・清八の役どころとなる。
- Kumagoro and Hachigoro, popular characters in Edo rakugo, are played by Kiroku and Seihachi in Kamigata.
- 山車には大別して曳き山車と舁き出しがあるが 曳き山車にも差し上げが存在する。
- Dashi is broadly divided into two: Hikidashi (a decorated float pulled by hand) and Kakidashi (a decorated float shouldered by people); Hikidashi can also be sashiage.
- 新潟県:「岩の原ワイン」(上越市)・「アグリコア越後ワイナリー」(南魚沼市)
- Niigata Prefecture: 'Iwanohara Wine' (Joetsu City), 'Agri Core Echigo Winery' (Minamiuonuma City)
- 政治上においては、天皇家・朝廷の副紋として五七桐が多用されていることがある。
- In politics, Goshichinokiri was used heavily as Fuku-mon (alternative family crests) for the Imperial Family and Imperial Court.
- 各競技者は順々に同じ的に矢を一本ずつ放ち、矢が的の中心に近い者が上位となる。
- Each competitor shoots an arrow at the same target in turn, and the one who hits an arrow closer to the center of the target will be ranked higher.
- 江戸時代後半の邦楽は、上方でも江戸においても、三味線がその主導権を握っていた。
- Shamisen had the initiative of the traditional Japanese music in both Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) and Edo.
- この19という数は暦学上重要な数であり陽暦も陰暦も19箇年で一循環するという。
- 19 is the important number in the study of calendars, and both the solar and lunar calendars take 19 years to complete a full circle.
- 風呂敷自体、様々な大きさのものが作られ強度を上げるため刺子を施すなどもされた。
- Furoshiki were made in various sizes and Sashiko (an old needlework technique) was used to increase strength.
- 相州上工の作は特徴ある作行きである事から、一通り知識がある場合は見破りやすい。
- Since the style of the old swords created by the Soshu artisans is characteristic, it is easy for someone with certain knowledge to detect the imitation.
- 競技場:国立霞ヶ丘陸上競技場、日本武道館、さいたまスーパーアリーナ、両国国技館
- Athletics stadium: Kokuritsu Kasumigaoka Rikujo Kyogjo (National Olympic Stadium), Nippon Budokan, Saitama Super Arena, and Ryogoku Kokugikan
- 一方、関西では硬めにこねた生地を用いるため、比較的硬めの食感を身上としている。
- In the Kansai region, on the other hand, since the stiffer dough is used, karinto's texture is characterized to be somewhat tough.
- 性質上、粉のように細かい葉が多くなりがちなので、急須の目詰まりを起こしやすい。
- By its nature, fukamushi-cha tends to contain powder-like fine leaves, so it tends to clog teapots.
- 座布団(ざぶとん)とは、床や畳の上に座る際に、臀部、膝、脚の下に宛がう調度品。
- A zabuton (Japanese cushion) is an item of furnishing for placing under the legs or bottom when sitting on the floor or tatami.
- 清涼寺式の仏像で、衣の胸と両肢上部あたりに二重の円と宝相華の文様が施されている
- This is a Seiryo-ji Temple style Buddha statue, and a double circle pattern and Hosoge pattern are provided in the breast part of the robe and around the upper parts of both legs.
- 物を包んだり(包み袱紗)、進物の上に掛けたりする(掛け袱紗)方形の儀礼用絹布。
- A ceremonial square piece of silk cloth used to wrap things (called tsutsumi-fukusa) or to cover over gift (kake-fukusa).
- 熨斗袋で金封した上でなおかつ袱紗で包むという肌理細やかな心使いともといわれる。
- It is also said to be a form of sensitive caring to enclose the gift with a noshi envelope and wrap it with fukusa.
- 帽子(親指)に固めの為の角が入っておらず、皮革が2枚以上重ねてあるのみである。
- The boshi (thumb) has no tsuno inside to be reinforced, and there is just more than two sheets of leather on it.
- 上部を筒型に縫って横木を通し縫った上刺しの紐の余りは蜷結びにして長々と垂らす。
- The upper part was stitched together to make a cylinder through which the cross bar was passed and, excess cord was tied in a ninamusubi knot.
- またこの二人は芸の上でも名コンビ、良きライバルであったという逸話が残されている。
- There remains an anecdote which tells that these two were a good combination and good rivals as musicians.
- 古くは口紅としても使われ、特に上質のものは京都で精製されたため「京紅」とも呼ぶ。
- This was formerly used as a red cosmetic for the lips, and high-quality ones are specially called 'kyo-beni' because they are refined in Kyoto.
- 近的場と遠的場の2種類あり、弓矢を扱う関係上、安全に配慮した設計がなされている。
- Kyudojos come in 'kintekijo' (dojo for the regular close-range shooting) and 'entekijo' (dojo for the long-distance shooting) types and they are designed with safety in mind because yumiya (bow and arrow) is used there.
- 上述のように大根おろしの辛みを得るためには、細胞を効率良く壊すことが必要である。
- In order to obtain the pungency mentioned above, it is necessary to break the cells of daikon radish effectively.
- 20年前には2000社以上を数えたと言われたが現在は約1500社を下回っている。
- It is said that they were over 2000 companies 20 years ago, and today, they are less than 1500.
- そして、最終的に衣裳の着物を着付ける人形着付け師のもとで、完成まで仕上げられる。
- Then finally a craftsperson who specializes in putting the costumes on the dolls finishes off the doll with the costume.
- 岩座上ハス座に坐す金身の四十二臂十一面の千手観音が自然景と融合しつつ描かれている
- This depicts golden Senju Kannon with 42 arms and 11 faces seating on a lotus pedestal on a rock pedestal, being merged with a natural background.
- 箸置き(はしおき)は、箸が転がり落ちるのを防ぐために使うテーブルの上に置く小物。
- Hashioki is a small object placed on a table to prevent chopsticks from rolling down.
- 扇面古写経の制作もその流れの延長上にあるが、紙扇を料紙とした点がユニークである。
- The Senmen Koshakyo was created against such a background, but it was unique in that it used paper fans as ryoshi.
- 上方には北前船により日本海の海産物がもたらされ、北海道産の昆布の利用が発達した。
- Marine products were brought to kamigata by kitamae-bune (cargo ships that sailed the Japan Sea during the Edo period), and use of konbu from Hokkaido developed there.
- 戦前までは言葉や芸風の違いで、上方落語は東京の客層には受け入れてもらえなかった。
- Before the War Kamigata rakugo did not appeal to the audience in Tokyo because of its different dialects and style.
- 福井県勝山市の左義長まつりは毎年2月に行われており300年以上前から続いている。
- Sagicho Festival in Katsuyama City of Fukui Prefecture has been held in February since 300 years ago.
- 代表作「青金寿老」「布袋像2体」(以上三井家蔵)「祇園祭岩戸山柱金具(2柱分)」。
- The representative works included 'Aokinjuro' and '2 Hotei-zo' (2 statues of Hotei (the god of good fortune)) (stored at the Mitsui household) in addition to 'Gion Festival Iwatoyama post hardware (for 2 posts).'
- 特に上方の三味線音楽である地歌は、盲人音楽家たちによって高度な音楽的発展を見せた。
- The blind musicians highly developed especially jiuta, which was shamisen music in Kamigata.
- ちなみに直径が1.7mm以上で丸棒状に成形したものは「手延べうどん」に分類される。
- Incidentally, those shaped into rods with diameters over 1.7 mm are classified as 'hand-stretched udon noodles.'
- For additional information, those formed in a cylindrical shape with a diameter no less than 1.7 mm are classified as 'tenobe udon.'
- これをフライパンや網で焼いた後、上記の煮詰めたタレを両面に塗りながら焼き仕上げる。
- Grill the food in a frying pan or broil it, and then coat both surfaces with the above boiled-down sauce while continuing to cook.
- 主な産地は上記の湯浅に代表される近畿地方と讃岐国(引田町、小豆島)に集中していた。
- Main production regions were concentrated in the Kinki region mainly including Yuasa town which was stated above and Sanuki Province (Hiketa Town, Shodo-shima Island).
- しかし、一方では西洋の知識・文化を必要以上に摂取する事への抵抗感も併せもっていた。
- However, it also implied resistance to the excessive adoption of Western knowledge and culture.
- 客の側も、座布団を勧められる前にその上に座る行為は礼儀に反するとされることがある。
- On the guest's part, it is impolite to sit on a zabuton before it is offered by the host.
- 典型的な餅まきは、上棟式を終えた後、建設中の住宅の屋根などから餅をまく形式である。
- A typical mochimaki is that rice cakes are scattered after jotoshiki from the roof (or other places) of a house under construction.
- 現在では京都落語が衰えてしまったので、大阪落語のことを指して上方落語と呼んでいる。
- Today Kamigata rakugo refers to Osaka rakugo as the Kyoto counterpart died out.
- 上等な道具を使うことを良しとしながらも、その場に応じて執り行うべきだともしている。
- Therefore, what utensils you use depends on where you are now though using good utensils is preferable.
- 華やかな江戸文化に対して京都は伝統的な優雅さが特徴でそれは料理の上にも反映された。
- For the flamboyant Edo culture, that of Kyoto featured traditional elegance and this feature was reflected in the dishes as well.
- また、150軒の掲載店舗に合計190以上の星が付され、それ自体も過去最高であった。
- In addition, more than 190 stars, so far the largest number, were given to these 150 listed restaurants.
- だが、上方落語においては1999年(平成11年)の2代目枝雀の早世の影響も大きい。
- In Kamigata rakugo, however, the premature death of Shijaku II in 1999 was also influential to a large extent.
- 民俗学の上では渡来人説から異類婚姻譚の一つである白鳥処女説話の一種とする説がある。
- Within the study of folklore, there is a theory that the legend is a variation on the story of the Swan Maiden, brought to Japan by visitors from overseas, about a marriage between a human and a non-human being.
- 飲み終わった後、お椀の「ふた」は食卓に(又はお膳)に上がった状態と同じようにする。
- After drinking soup, the lid of the bowl should be returned to the same state as originally arranged when it was prepared on a table (or tray.)
- ついで上下を着た大黒2人が笹の枝に白紙を切り下げたのを持ち、立ち向かって囃をする。
- Then, two Daikoku in Kamishimo (formal complete outfits) stand face to face and play musical accompaniment with bamboo branches with white pieces of paper hanging in their hands.
- 唐輪(からわ)とは、安土桃山時代ごろ兵庫や堺市などの上方の港町の遊女に好まれた女髷。
- The karawa hairstyle was a hairstyle favored by prostitutes during the Azuchi Momoyama period in the port towns of Hyogo and Sakai City in the vicinity of Kyoto.
- 諸外国におけるカルテル同様、商行為上の犯罪行為として摘発されるようになってきている。
- As in the case of cartels in other countries, this method came to be disclosed as a criminal act in commercial transactions.
- 腹腔内に塩を詰めたものを多数桶に詰め、落とし蓋の上から重しを乗せて冷暗所に保管する。
- After stuffing the fish cavity with salt, transfer the fish to a barrel, put a small lid directly over the fish with a weight placed on top of it, and then store the barrel in a cool place.
- 元々は上流階級のお菓子として広まったもので、現在の高級なかりんとうの先駆けとなった。
- Karinto originally became popular among the upper class people, being the forerunner of the premium karinto that is available today.
- 古くは麻、棕櫚、稲藁、竹の皮、蔓、革などを用い、多くの場合これを布で覆って仕上げた。
- Hemp, palm, rice straw, bamboo sheath, vine, or leather were used as materials in ancient times, and O was finished by often wrapping such materials in a cloth.
- 醤油は現在100カ国以上の国に輸出されており、生産は年14万キロリットルにも達する。
- Soy-sauce is exported to more than 100 countries, and its output reaches to 140 thousands kiloliter per year.
- 俄(にわか)とは、江戸時代から明治時代にかけて、宴席や路上などで行われた即興の芝居。
- Niwaka (written in Chinese characters as 俄) is an impromptu comic play that was performed at banquets or on the streets in the Edo/Meiji periods.
- この頃の便器は大型の瓶であり、その上に大きな木枠、木の板を乗せ用を足す事が多かった。
- The lavatory basin in those days was a large bottle and was often used by putting a large wooden frame or board over it.
- その演奏者である平家座頭は、源氏の長者である村上源氏中院流の庇護、管理に入っていく。
- Heike zato, the players who played 'Heike Monogatari,' came under the patronage and control of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) chuin-ryu school, the chief of the Genji clan.
- 上方落語(かみがたらくご)とは、大阪府・京都府を中心とする地域で主に演じられる落語。
- Kamigata rakugo is comic storytelling mostly performed in the areas around the prefectures of Osaka and Kyoto.
- 既に130年以上の歴史があるものの「伝統」と呼べるかどうかは人により判断が分かれる。
- Although more than 130 years have passed since then, the judgment of whether eating beef is considered 'traditional' depends upon the person.
- 前座の若手が、調子をとって小拍子を打ち鳴らしながら口上を述べて客を集める用途もある。
- A young storyteller rhythmically strikes the wooden clappers together to introduce the day's performers before the feature presentation starts, thus inviting spectators.
- この状態のときの神輿は非常に不安定であるため、持ち上げられたまま頭上で静止している。
- Doing it this way makes Mikoshi very unstable; the carriers keep the Mikoshi lifted up over their heads to stand it still.
- ところがこれはあくまでも軍事兵站上の需要であり、飲用を主目的としたものではなかった。
- However, it was just to meet the demand for military logistics and the main purpose was not drinking wine.
- 遠的競技で用いる的は、主に台の上に設置した円形の畳に的紙を貼り付けたものを使用する。
- A typical mato used in enteki (long-distance shooting) competitions is a circular tatami (straw mat) settled on a platform with a matogami attached on it.
- - 上棟式(棟上式・建前)の棟上終了後に屋根の木組みの束と呼ばれる部分に取り付ける。
- It is attached to the part of the wooden framework of a roof called tsuka after raising the framework at the time of a Jotoshiki (the roof-laying ceremony).
- 騎射三物(きしゃみつもの)とは馬上の弓術、犬追物・笠懸・流鏑馬を総称して言ったもの。
- Kishamitsumono' is a general term that refers to forms of traditional Japanese horseback archery:'Inu oumono' (dog hunt), 'Yabusame' (shooting at fixed targets), and 'Kasagake' (shooting at suspended targets at closer range).
- 箸は食べ物をつまむ(はさんで持ち上げる)道具であるため、料理を突き刺すべきではない。
- Chopsticks are the tool to pinch (nip and pick up) some foods, and therefore should not be used to impale or stab any food.
- 上質なほうじ茶は、甘く独特の心地良い香りを持ち、その焙煎には高度な技術が必要とされる。
- High quality hojicha has a unique sweet and soothing aroma, and leaf roasting requires considerable skill.
- 店毎に作られ、出汁以上に店の味を決定付ける物であることから、店の秘伝とされる事も多い。
- Restaurants make their own kaeshi, and the recipe and preparation method are often kept secret because it defines a restaurant's taste more than stock.
- 江戸時代に入ると、はるばる京都から出荷された上質の京紅が江戸の女性の憧れとなっていた。
- In the Edo period, women living in Edo longed for high-quality beni which was brought all the way from Kyoto.
- 小さな畳を持ち運びその上で搗いたり、空中で搗く動作だけを行ったりするようになっている。
- People carry a small tatami mat around, and children pound on it or just pretend to have a gesture of pounding in the air.
- たとえ三増酒であっても、右肩上がりの経済成長期で「造れば造るだけ売れた」時代であった。
- During the days when the economy expanded year after year, even sanzoshu 'could be sold as much as it was produced.'
- 古典落語では江戸・上方を問わず多くの噺に登場し、その雰囲気をうかがい知ることができる。
- In Classical Rakugo (classical comic story-telling), Hokan appears in many comic stories, both Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) and Edo, from which you can feel the atmosphere.
- 怖い話・怪談の中には、講談、芝居など様々な文学ジャンルで採り上げられているものがある。
- Some of the scary stories and Kaidan are contained in various categories of literature such as kodan story, play, etc.
- 現在出版されている児童書は、大筋では大半がこの小波型一寸法師の線上にあるといってよい。
- It can be said that the overall plot in most of the children's books that are published now falls along the line of the Sazanami-type Issunboshi.
- 福岡の博多にわかは、2人以上で即興で半面をつけた人が博多弁で世相を風刺するものである。
- Hakata-niwaka is a satirical play on the social conditions, performed impromptu by two or more people wearing a half mask which covers the top half of their faces.
- また、日本料理の基本的調理技術に欠けるので、料理の質の低下を招き、衛生上の懸念もある。
- Moreover, the deficiency of the basic cooking technique peculiar to the Japanese foods not only brings the deterioration in the quality of foods, but also raises concerns over food safety.
- 立涌文、四ツ目七宝文、卍崩し文などの截金文様の上にさらに金色で彩色されている希少な仏画
- This is a rare Buddhist image on which gold color is painted on the kirikane patterns, such as tachiwaku, yotsume-shippo, and modified 卍.
- 普通は頭部上方を打つ正面打ちが用いられるが、面の側面左右45°を打つ左右面も存在する。
- Generally, shomen-uchi strike is used for striking the upper part of the head, while sayu-men is also used to strike the right or left side of the men by 45 degrees.
- 当然ながら品質としては片白、諸白の上に位置づけられる、当時の日本酒の最高品質であった。
- Naturally, it was of the best quality among the sake of the time and was ranked above katahaku (sake brewed from polished white rice and unpolished rice) and morohaku (sake of 100% polished white rice) in quality.
- また、同じく『升色紙』において、一度書いた行の上に、次の行を重ねて書いている例もある。
- Also in the 'Masu-shikishi,' one line is written over the preceding line.
- 1996年のJリーグ昇格以降、ホームゲームはほぼすべて西京極陸上競技場で行われている。
- Since 1996 when the team was promoted to the J. League, it has played almost all home games in Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium.
- 中でも大阪生まれの小文治、百生は東京の観客に上方落語を紹介するなど大きな功績をあげた。
- Born in Osaka, Kobunji and Hyakusho were particularly instrumental in introducing Kamigata rakugo to their audiences in Tokyo.
- ラジオによる寄席中継が、従来の漫才や東京落語から、上方落語中心になったのもこのころだ。
- It was around this time that the target of radio relays of rakugo shows shifted from traditional stand-up comedies and Tokyo rakugo to Kamigata rakugo.
- 3代目桂米朝が自身の番組『米朝ファミリー 和朗亭』(朝日放送テレビ)で取り上げたこと。
- Beicho KATSURA III covered this in his program named 'Beicho Family Warotei' (ABC Television).
- これは畳の上で履物を穿くのは葬儀中の死者以外におらず縁起が悪いこととされるためである。
- The custom of wearing footwear on a tatami floor is allowed only to the departed during their funerals, thus it is considered to be a bad omen.
- 日本においては全国各地で作られているが、産業としては8割以上が茨城県で生産されている。
- While hoshi-imo is produced nationwide in Japan, more than 80 percent of hoshi-imo is industrially produced in Ibaraki Prefecture.
- 平絹白地の袴の上に、緑系統の地色に蝶を散らした尻長の紗の袍を着て、手には山吹の枝を持つ。
- They wear long sha (silk gauze) ho (outer robe, vestment) in greenish earth color with butterfly patterns on top of white hiraginu (plain silk) hakama (pleated and divided skirt made in fine stripes) with a yamabuki (bright yellow) branch in their hand.
- また、道明寺粉は比較的高価なため、小麦粉で作った江戸式よりも、上方式が高価な場合が多い。
- Also, because Domyojiko is relatively expensive, the Kamigata style is often more expensive than Edo style made from wheat flour.
- 日本では、取引先の企業の担当者、その上席、担当役員などにお歳暮を贈る習慣が広く存在する。
- In Japan, the custom to give seibo to the associates personnel, superiors or directors in charge of associate companies has spread widely.
- 豚カツと同様、千切りキャベツと共に皿に盛られ、ソースも皿の上からかけるのが一般的である。
- Like pork cutlet, the kushikatsu is generally served with sliced cabbages with the sauce poured on top of it.
- 木の板の上に御所人形と造花、毛植人形などを取り付け、能の舞台や吉祥物などを表現した人形。
- Dolls with a Gosho doll standing on a wooden dais with flowers or animals, and representing the Noh stage or lucky charms.
- 正座をするためには、まず始めに床にひざまずき、臀部をかかとの上に載せ跪座(きざ)となる。
- To sit in the seiza style, one first kneels on the floor and rests the buttocks on the heels; this position is called kiza (kneeling position).
- この両門派に立川、林屋(林家)を加えた4門派が明治期までの上方落語の主流を形成していた。
- Four families consisting of these two and the families of Tachikawa and Hayashiya constituted the mainstream of Kamigata rakugo up to the Meiji period.
- あらかじめ棚物の上に天目台を飾っておき、濃茶を客に出す時に天目台に載せて出すものである。
- In daikazari procedure, tenmokudai (a tea-bowl stand) is displayed on a shelf in advance, and koicha (thick tea) is served on the tea-bowl stand.
- これは大まかには、何か他のものを下敷きにする方法と、格上の道具と同様に扱う方法とがある。
- There are roughly two ways for such special treatment; laying something under such a utensil, or treating it in the same manner as treating a higher-order utensil.
- 直接火を付けるのではなく、熱した香用の炭(=チャコール)や熱灰の上で間接的に熱を加える。
- Neriko is not lit directly by a flame but placed on the hot charcoal for incense use or the hot ash so as to be heated indirectly.
- お湯割りとの違いは、加水(お湯を加える行為)を行わないで、酒の温度を上げている点にある。
- The difference between oyuwari is that it raise up the temperature of alcoholic beverage without adding hot water.
- 上記は社頭にて行う略式の参拝であるが、他に、拝殿に上がって(昇殿して)行う正式参拝がある。
- The procedure mentioned above is for informal sanpai done in front of the main building of a shrine; additionally, there is a formal sanpai done (entering) inside the haiden (worship hall).
- 鎌倉時代の1300年、融通念仏の円覚上人によって創始されたと伝えられている融通念仏の狂言。
- According to legend, the Yuzunenbutsu Kyogen was created during the Kamakura period around the year 1300 by Yuzunenbutsu priest Engaku Shonin.
- The Yuzu Nenbutsu Kyogen is said to have originated with Yuzu Nenbutsu practitioner Enkaku Shonin in 1300 during the Kamakura period.
- 内裏雛(だいりびな)とは天皇と皇后を表す一対の雛人形で、段飾りにおいては最上段に飾られる。
- Dairibina is a pair of Girl's Festival dolls representing the emperor and the empress, and is placed on the top tier of a display.
- 成人式や宮中の儀式の際には奈良時代の結髪の風習の名残で、前髪を上げて髻を作り櫛などをさす。
- At a coming of age ceremony or a ceremony at the Imperial Court, women pull their fringes up and form the motodori (hair tied up on the top of the head) with a comb in the motodori, a reminiscence of the custom during the Nara period in which people tied their hair.
- 70%以下という精米歩合帯で有利になった長野『真澄』が鑑評会・品評会ともに上位を独占した。
- 'Masumi' of Nagano, which had an advantage in the polishing rice ratio under 70 percent, held high positions both in the kanpyokai and the competitions.
- この酵母が分離され協会系酵母として全国に頒布され、出品酒の8割以上に使われるようになった。
- Its yeast was separated and distributed as the yeast of the Brewing Society all over Japan, and came to be used for more than 80 percent of sake which were listed.
- これらの酒郷は、のちに摂泉十二郷と呼ばれる上方の一大酒造地として発展していく母体となった。
- These brewing districts led to the background of the development of a major brewing district in Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) which was later called Sessen junigo (the 12 sake brewing districts in Settsu Province and Izumi Province shipping for Edo).
- 本来「ジャポニスム」と呼ぶのが一般的だが、ここでは便宜上「ジャポニズム」に表記を統一する。
- Japonism is commonly pronounced 'Japonism' as opposed to 'Japonisme,' and this is the term used throughout this article for convenience.
- 路上で突然始まり、衆目を集めたために、「俄かに始まる」という意味で、俄と呼ばれたとされる。
- This comic play is believed to have been named niwaka, which is a word meaning 'sudden' or 'suddenly,' as the performance always began suddenly on the street and attracted people's attention.
- これらの製法は、袋詰めについては上記の1.を、缶入りについては2.をとっている場合が多い。
- While most of the amazake sold in plastic packs is produced by the first production method, those sold in cans are often produced by the second production method.
- また、小さな川の上に便所を設置することもあり、厠(かわや)の語源になったとも言われている。
- The lavatory was also set up over a small river (kawa), which is said to be the word origin for kawaya (lavatory).
- 正座で座る場所は、畳の上以外にも、カーペットの上、あるいは板の間の上など場所は問われない。
- One may sit seiza style on any surface, including carpeted and hardwood floors, as well as on tatami mats.
- そのうち、大和魂は、机上の知識を現実の様々な場面で応用する判断力・能力を表すようになった。
- Yamato-damashii soon began to signify the judgment and ability to put written knowledge to practical use in different real-life situations.
- 豆乳を加熱した時、ラムスデン現象によって液面に形成される膜を、竹串などを使って引き上げる。
- When soy milk is brought to boil, due to the Ramsden phenomenon a film or skin forms on the surface, which is lifted with utensils such as bamboo skewers.
- NHKは心斎橋の心斎橋筋2丁目劇場を拠点に「放送演芸会」と連携した「上方落語の会」を開催。
- Based in the Shinsaibashi Street 2-chome Theater in Shinsaibashi, NHK organized the 'Kamigata Rakugo Society' linked to its program 'TV Engei-kai.'
- 松鶴ら師匠連は、若手のマスコミ進出を上方落語を広く認知してもらう最良の手段として容認した。
- Master storytellers such as Shokaku found it acceptable as a means to publicize Kamigata rakugo so that the younger tellers of rakugo advanced into mass media.
- 眉を剃る、または抜いたあと、除去した眉よりも高い位置に「殿上眉」という長円形の眉を墨で描く。
- After shaving or pulling out eyebrows, oval-shaped 'tenjo-mayu' eyebrows were drawn with ink at positions higher than the removed eyebrows.
- 福井県のものは黒砂糖と寒天を使用し、水分の多い極柔らかい仕上がりの、かなり独自の食品である。
- Mizu-yokan made in Fukui Prefecture is very different; it is made with brown sugar and agar, and the texture is extremely soft since it contains a lot of water.
- この要求に応じる形で口上を述べ、弁舌を振るったのが活動弁士の元祖、上田布袋軒なる人物である。
- It was Hoteiken UEDA, the first katsudo benshi, who met the demand with his fluent speech.
- 周囲に並んだ20人以上の姫君方が、360の地貝に斑紋や形状等の出貝と全く同じものを見定める。
- More than 20 himegimi (daughter of a person of high rank) surrounding the shells try to find only one jigai, out of 360, with exactly the same spots and shape as dashigai.
- すると幕府は、減醸を石高ではなく割合で言いつけることによって、法令の実効性を上げようとした。
- The bakufu then tried to enhance the effectiveness of the decree by imposing rates rather than Kokudaka.
- 主な使われ方としては、鰹節の替わりとしてお好み焼きや焼きそばなどの上に振りかける方法がある。
- Kezuriko is mainly used as a topping, sprinkled over 'okonomiyaki' (a savory pancake with various ingredients) or 'yakisoba' (fried noodles) instead of 'katsuobushi' (shaved pieces of a dried bonito).
- 従来のように複数の酒米を合わせるのでなく、単一の、しかも山田錦ではない米種のみで仕上げる酒。
- The sake made of only one variety of rice other than Yamadanishiki instead of mixing durable varieties for sake brewing as before.
- 赤ちゃんに「白羽二重」の着物を着せ、紋の付いた祝い着を上から羽織らせる形が正式なものである。
- The formal dress for a baby is wearing a congratulatory kimono jacket with a family crest on top of white 'habutae,' a thin, soft, durable Japanese silk Kimono.
- 同年3月の配給酒1升の公定価格は43円であったが、闇市での実勢価格は500円を上回っていた。
- The official price of one sho (unit of volume, approx. 1.8 liters) of rationed sake on March 1947, the same year, was 43 yen, but the actual price on the black market was over 500 yen.
- 日本にマッコリのような麦麹を用いた酒が存在した記録がない以上、朝鮮半島起源説は成り立たない。
- However, since there was no record of liquor made with wheat malt such as makgeolli in Japan, the out of Korean Peninsula theory can not be true.
- 談合:元々は公平なルールに拠らず上層部だけの話し合いによる日本人気質の濃い揉め事の解決方法。
- Conference on bidding: A very Japanese-natured original method to solve troubles through discussions among people only at the high level, not based on the fair rules.
- ジャポニズムは単なる一時的な流行ではなく、当時の全ての先進国で30年以上も続いた運動である。
- Japonism was not a mere momentary trend but a movement which continued for over 30 years in developed countries at the time.
- いずれにせよ一寸法師と浦島太郎の2つの昔話の中に歴史上の蘇我氏の影が身を潜めていると言える。
- In any case, it can be said that the shadow of the historical Soga clan is contained in the two old tales of Issunboshi and Urashima Taro.
- また、その植物の、野外で見られる大木の姿を、鉢の上に縮尺して再現することを目指すものである。
- Furthermore, it seeks to recreate in these plants the shape of large trees that can be seen outdoors on a smaller scale in a pot.
- どうしてもソースを2度以上つけたい場合は、ソースをキャベツで掬って付けることも許されている。
- For a customer who desperately wants to dip it in the sauce more than once, cabbages can be used to scoop the sauce.
- 東京の鏑木清方と京都の上村松園がこの分野での地位を確立し、「西の松園、東の清方」と称された。
- Kiyokata KABURAGI of Tokyo and Shoen UEMURA of Kyoto were well-established in this area; they were called 'Shoen of West, Kiyokata of East'.
- 本面および頂上仏面以外に11小面と左右各21大手をとる像の左右に功徳天・婆藪仙が描かれている
- In addition to the main face and the Buddha face at the top, the image has 11 small-sized faces and each 21 big arms in right and left respectively, and Kudokuten (the goddess of fortune and merit) is painted on one side of the main image and Basusen (Buddhist hermit who continually goes on pilgrimage through the wilderness, saving beings who have lost their way) on the other side.
- 昭和37年(1962年)、上野市の旧家より「上嶋家文書(江戸時代末期の写本)」が発見された。
- In 1962, 'kamijima-ke bunsho (Documents of the Kamijima family)(a manuscript copied in the end of the Edo period) ' was found at an old household in Ueno city.
- マツを燃料に湯を沸かした際に、煙となって立ち上るえもいわれぬ芳香が茶会に風情を添えたという。
- It is said that the smoked scent was pleasant beyond description and added some flavor to the tea ceremony when pine wood was used as fuel to boil the water.
- 色や形に凝って、目を惹くようにした帯もあり、中には表紙の高さの半分以上に渡る大きな帯もある。
- There are obi with exquisite colors and shapes to draw attention, and there are obi wide enough to cover more than half of the book from the bottom.
- 上方落語の中心をなす「旅ネタ」は、「東の旅」「西の旅」「南の旅」「北の旅」の四つに分かれる。
- Central to Kamigata rakugo, the travel routines are divided into four: 'Travel to the East,' 'Travel to the West,' 'Travel to the South,' and 'Travel to the North.'
- 米朝や初代森乃福郎らがこの流れに乗って知名度を上げたが、これは上方落語界にもプラスに働いた。
- Beicho and Fukuro MORINO I rode on this flow and became famous, positively contributing to the Kamigata rakugo industry.
- よって通常上方落語で「前座」などの言葉を用いる際は、出番を表す言葉として使われることが多い。
- When the term 'zenza' (warm-up) is used in Kamigata rakugo it therefore mostly designates the order of appearance.
- そのため、観光を主とした演出上の目的から、これを再現した店舗および観光施設は数多く存在する。
- For this reason, since they have been used mainly for tourism, there has been a revival in some tea shops and many used as tourist facilities.
- 上泉信綱の弟子で甥の疋田景兼は、木刀を手にした相手と袋竹刀で立ち会い、連戦連勝した逸話がある。
- One anecdote tells of Kagekane HIKITA, a pupil of Nobutsuna KAMIIZUMI and also his nephew, having a string of consecutive victories using a fukuro shinai against opponents who used a wooden sword.
- 文明開化を謳ったこの時代にあっても、日本人は座布団の上に「坐る」方が居心地が良かったのである。
- Although civilization and enlightenment was encouraged in that period, the Japanese preferred 'sitting' on a zabuton to sitting on a chair.
- これは天皇が神道上の現人神であり、祀られている神と同格であるとする教義に基づく理由からである。
- This is due to the tenets in which the emperor is believed to be a living God of the Shinto religion and be ranking as high as the Gods worshiped at the shrine.
- 相撲では爪先立ちで踵(かかと)の上に尻を載せて腰をおろし、膝を開いて上体を起こした状態を指す。
- For sumo, it means squatting with the buttocks on the raised heels, the knees apart, and the upper body straight.
- 剣道では相撲と同様の姿勢、または片膝を床に着けて立ち膝で上体を起こして姿勢を正した状態を言う。
- For kendo, it refers to the same posture as for sumo, or the posture of kneeling down on one knee with the upper body straight.
- 近世になると乾燥させる前に「揉む」工程が入るようになり、徐々に品質も向上していったと思われる。
- The 'rubbing' process began to be incorporated prior to the drying process in modern years and the quality gradually improved.
- さらに醪を酒袋に吊るして搾ったり、上澄みを採ったりという技術は、今日のものと同じといってよい。
- Moreover, it can be said that those techniques of juicing moromi (raw unrefined sake) by hanging in filtering cloths and skimming supernatant were the same as those of present.
- 明治時代以降、海外の影響を受けて野球、テニス、ボート、陸上などの競技が学校を中心に導入された。
- After the Meiji period, games such as baseball, tennis, boat, field athletics etc. were mainly introduced in schools due to influences from foreign countries.
- 唐菓子を起源とする説:奈良時代に遣唐使によってもたらされた唐菓子で、京都の上流階級に食された。
- According to the opinion identifying Tang confectionery as its origin, karinto was brought over from China by a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China in the Nara Period and was enjoyed by the upper class people in Kyoto.
- それに対し、日光の湯波は膜の中央に串を入れて二つ折りにするように引き上げるため二枚重ねとなる。
- In Nikko, on the other hand, they slip the skewer underneath the center of yuba to lift it, yuba comes out folded in two.
- しかし2002年ごろから、香港、上海市などでバイクや自動車を使っての宅配が急速に普及してきた。
- However, from around 2002, delivery by motorbike and bicycle has spread rapidly in Hong Kong and Shanghai.
- 上方林屋一門は江戸の林家正蔵の孫弟子に当たる林家正三が故郷岡山に近い大阪に腰を据えたのが発端。
- The Hayashiya family in Kamigata began when Shozo HAYASHIYA who studied with one of the disciples of Shozo HAYASHIYA in Edo settled in Osaka closer to his hometown Okayama.
- 薬師像の衣、光背、台座等には素地仕上げの上に四ツ目七宝繋ぎ文や立涌文などの截金文様が施される。
- Connected yotsume shippo patterns and tachiwaku patters and so on are provided in the kirikane technique on the finished bases of the robe, the halo, and the pedestal of the statue of Yakushi.
- また東京から橘ノ圓 (初代)、三遊亭圓馬2代目、翁家さん馬5代目らが移住し、寄席を盛り上げた。
- TACHIBANA no Madoka (I), Enba SANYUTEI II and Sanba OKINAYA V moved from Tokyo to Kyoto to boost the yose theater in Kamigata.
- 佐々成政が考案したという記録が残っているが、実際に採用されていたのか、上記の議論上問題がある。
- There remains a record that it was contrived by Narimasa SASSA, but it is not sure these positions were really used and were doubtful as mentioned above.
- 先方の目前で袱紗を開いて金封を取り出し袱紗から外した台(盆の代用)の上に金封を乗せて差し出す。
- Open the fukusa in front of the receiver and take out the kinpu (envelope for monetary gifts), and place it on the board removed from the fukusa (as a replacement of a tray), then offer it to the receiver.
- 並べる者が目隠しをしているため、出来上がった顔は部品の配置が乱れており滑稽な顔立ちになっている。
- Because the player has his or her eyes covered, the facial parts do not end up in the correct place on the face mask, creating laughable facial expressions.
- なお、プラスチック製やファイバー製の胴台は、革張り・漆塗り仕上げの胴台の様式を模したものとなる。
- The plastic dodai or the fiber dodai are copy models of leather and urushi finished dodais.
- その他、革張りの上に漆をかけないもの(生地胴)、竹の表面に直接漆を塗って仕上げるものなどがある。
- In addition, there are also other dodais such as the one with no urushi coating on the leather (kijido) and the one with urushi coated directly on the bamboo surface.
- 明治14年、島津忠義は明治天皇の前で犬追物の天覧を行ったが、これが史上最後の犬追物興行となった。
- In 1881, Tadayoshi SHIMAZU held an Inuoumono event with the Emperor Meiji in attendance and this was the last Inuoumono event in Inuoumono history.
- 旧植民地からの引き上げや戦地からの復員が進み、日本人は戦後しばらくの間は苦しい生活を強いられた。
- Withdrawals from former colonies and demobilization from the front proceeded, and Japanese people were forced to lead a rough life for a while after the war.
- 地鎮祭、定礎、上棟式、~開き(事務所・ピアノ・鏡、etc.)、中締め・お開き、一本締め・三本締め
- Jichinsai (ground-breaking ceremony), Teiso (laying of foundation stone), Jotoshiki (the roof-laying ceremony), something Hiraki (or biraki) (opening, start, etc.) (e.g. jimushobiraki (opening of office), pianobiraki (start of playing the piano), Kagamibiraki (cutting and eating of Kagamimochi (a large, round rice cake offered to a deity), etc.), Nakajime (break) and Ohiraki (breakup (of a ceremony, wedding, party, meeting, etc.)), and Ipponjime (three sets of three claps and one final clap performed at the end of a special event) and Sanbonjime (three sets of Ipponjime)
- 本項では日本の文化全般について、幅広く過去から現在への事象を取り上げ、概要の説明やリンクを示す。
- This section picks up a wide range of events from the past to the present day about the whole of Japanese culture, gives explanations of summaries, and shows links.
- 多くの場合日本国内で行われるものを指し、なかでも、7月上旬から8月下旬頃のものを指すことが多い。
- In many cases, it means a festival held in Japan mostly from the beginning of July through the end of August.
- 生卵を熱い飯に掛けて食べるという特性上鶏卵独特の生臭さが目立ち、好き嫌いの分かれる料理でもある。
- Due to the nature of topping hot rice with a raw egg, the fishy smell of the hen's egg is featured, which is loved by some and hated by others.
- 火炎光背を負う一字金輪仏頂が獅子座上に印を表して坐す様子が描かれ、装身具には截箔が使用されている
- This depicts the scene where Ichiji kinrin butcho, provided with a fiery blaze halo, seats on a pedestal made of shishi lions with mudra and gold leaf is used for the accessories.
- 上半身と下半身を分かつ一本のラインとなり、トータルコーディネートの上での重要なアクセントである。
- As obi appears a line separating the upper part and the lower part of the body, it makes an important accent for total coordinates.
- 結果として、現在、国立文楽劇場小ホールで奇数月に開かれている「上方演芸特選会」として実を結んだ。
- This resulted in 'Kamigata Engei Special Program' held at the small hall of the National Bunraku Theater in the odd months.
- これは茶碗や茶杓にとっては通常よりも格上の扱いであるので、これらを重く扱うときにも茶筅飾とする。
- Since these procedures are usually for utensils that are higher in order than those for ordinary chawan or chashaku, when treating chawan or chashaku with respect, chasen kazari procedure is applied.
- 湖や川に向かって射る場合はブリキ製の大きめのものを竿に固定し、ボート上に高く立てて上向きに狙う。
- A little bigger mato made of tinplate is settled on a pole and it is held up high on a boat when players shoot arrows toward a lake or a river, and so they should aim upward.
- 遠的の場合は射位から60メートル離れた所に、中心が地上97cmで後方に15度傾くように設置する。
- In enteki, a mato is settled at a place which is 60 meters away from the shai at a 15-degree angle backward, and the center of the mato is 97 centimeters above the ground.
- 精緻に刺繍を施した厚地の絹を、膝上までを覆う丈の袖が無く脇のあいた貫頭衣の形に仕立てられている。
- It is made of heavyweight silk cloth trimmed with exquisite embroidery, tailored in the shape of kantoi (a simple type of clothing consisting of a large piece of cloth with a hole in the middle for the head) without sleeves, with open sides, and covering down to the knees.
- 会場では、2万体以上のひな人形が飾られ、なかでも高さ約7メートルの巨大な雛壇が目玉となっている。
- More than 20,000 hina dolls are displayed at the site, with a special feature of an enormous hinadan which is approximately seven meters high.
- ただし村普請方という役職もあり御上(おかみ)主導で集落や自治単位の負担で行われる村普請もあった。
- However, some mura fushin were executed through a managerial position called mura fushin kata by the okami in each community or municipality.
- さらにその上に場内をコの字に囲むようにして三階造りにした畳敷きの「上桟敷」(かみさじき)があった。
- Furthermore, above the sajiki, there were seats with tatami flooring called 'kami-sajiki' composing the top layer of the three layered structure, which was arranged to surround the center of the theater in a U-shape.
- 上のゴールは体の何処かがラインを越えた時点で認められるが将来的には体全体が入らないと認められない。
- At present, when some part of the runner's body crosses the finish line, he or she is considered to have reached the goal, but in the future, a runner will be certified only when his or her whole body crosses over the line.
- 竹製の胴台の場合、表面に牛や鮫の皮革を張り、その上に漆を塗り重ねて美麗に仕上げるのが一般的である。
- The bamboo dodai is generally made by putting cow skin or sharkskin on the surface and coating layers of urushi (Japanese lacquer) to look beautiful.
- また、新刀、新々刀期を通して、志津写しが人気だったため、大磨上のものにはよくよく注意が必要である。
- Copies of shizu were popular throughout the period from the new sword to the very new sword, therefore, a great deal of attention should be paid to the sword with major grind up.
- 餅の大きさとの外観上のバランスから、関東では大きめの葉、近畿では小さめの葉を好んで使う傾向がある。
- Due to the balance between the size of the mochi and its appearance, there is a tendency to use larger leaves in the Kanto region and smaller leaves in the Kinki region.
- – 粒餡の汁粉を冷やし、その上からソフトクリームやアイスクリームといった冷たい西洋菓子をのせた物。
- - Place either soft ice cream or regular ice cream on top of the chilled shiruko using tsubuan.
- 中華人民共和国では、江蘇省無錫は揚げ麩の産地として知られており、上海料理の煮物によく用いられいる。
- In the People's Republic of China, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, is known as a production center of age-fu that are often used in simmered dishes of Shanghai cuisine.
- 鍋の底にコンブを敷き、その上に大根を乗せてたっぷりの水を注ぎ、大根が柔らかくなるまでゆっくり煮る。
- On the bottom of a saucepan, place kombu (kelp) first and then the cooked Japanese radish, and simmer them with sufficient water until the radish becomes tender.
- 魚肉練り製品 - Surimiの名称で、いわゆるカニカマを中心にして欧米の消費量が急上昇している。
- Boiled fish-paste products: In Europe and the United States, the consumption of these products, named surimi, has been sharply increasing, centered on so-called kanikama (imitation crab meat).
- 以上のように情景描写に使われる事が多いが、「野崎詣り」などでは舟が移動するなどの擬音に用いられる。
- Thus, background music is often used to represent emotional landscapes though it can be used to simulate sounds of various objects like a moving ship in 'Pilgrimage to Nozaki.'
- だが、その性質上どうしても内容が仏教的なものに限られてきてしまうため、次第に義太夫節に圧倒された。
- However, since the contents of sekkyo eventually focused on the Buddhism topics because of its characteristic, Gidayu-bushi (music in Gidayu ballad drama) gradually became more dominant.
- 1872年には、当時の明治政府が大礼服を定め、勅任官は、その上着に「五七桐」を用いることとされた。
- In 1872, the Meiji Government designated taireifuku (court dress, full-dress uniform), and ruled that imperial appointees had to have 'Goshichinokiri' on their taireifuku jackets.
- 笠懸の起源は明確ではないが、文献上の初出は平定家の『定家朝臣記』(天喜5年(1057年))である。
- The origins of Kasagake style horseback archery are unclear; however, first appear in Sadaie TAIRA's work of 1057 entitled 'Asomi (rank) Sadaie's Diary.'
- この日は田の神が山に帰る日とされ、子供たちが藁束で地面をたたいて回ったり、案山子上げをしたりする。
- It is regarded that tanokami (deity of rice fields and harvests) returns to the mountain on this day, and the event involves actions such as children walking around beating the ground with a bunch of rice straws, and people bringing scarecrows back home to thank them for a year's work (which is called kakashi-age).
- 出初め式(でぞめしき)は、概ね1月上旬に行われる消防職員・消防団によるその年最初の消防訓練である。
- Dezomeshiki is a fire fighting training undertaken by fire department and fire company personnel, which is generally conducted in the early part of January as the first training for the year.
- 日本酒速醸系(そくじょうけい)酒母に比べると育成時間が約2~4倍以上かかり、通常30日近くは要する。
- To develop the yamaoroshi-haishi-moto takes approximately two to four times longer than that of the sokujo-kei (faster moto developing method), normally requiring up to thirty days.
- 殻の内面には紙を貼り、源氏などの絵をかき、金箔などで極彩色に仕上げ、左右一対の殻には同じ絵を描いた。
- A piece of paper was pasted on the inner surface of the shell, on which they drew a picture on the theme of Genji (The Tale of Genji) or the like, then finished it up with gold leaves and others to give it a brilliant coloring; the same picture was painted on each shell of the pair.
- 江戸千家は徳川吉宗の命を受けて表千家に弟子入りした川上不白が興したもので、三千家との血縁関係はない。
- Edosenke is a school established by Fuhaku KAWAKAMI, who was ordered by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA to become a disciple of the Omotesenke, so does not have a blood relationship to the Sansenke.
- 公共トイレでは上着や手荷物を掛けるためのフックが個室内にあることが多く、ズボン等を吊るすのに使える。
- Many public lavatories often have a hook on which we hang a coat or a baggage in the compartments and we can use it for hanging trousers and so on.
- また、香港映画の『少林サッカー』では、ぼろ靴の上で潰れた生卵を吸うシーンでいじましさを演出している。
- A Hong Kong movie 'Shaolin Soccer' expresses pitifulness by a scene of sucking a raw egg crashed on a dirty shoe.
- 上部の蓋部分が梯子状になっており、内部に下向きの板を配して、中の金銭に手が届かない構造になっている。
- Under their ladder-like lids, two sloping boards face each other at the lowest point so that money on the bottom will not be touched.
- メカブ(和布蕪)は、ワカメの付着器の上にある、葉状部の中で厚い折れ重なってひだ状になった部分である。
- Mekabu seaweed is the thick, folded part of the phyllodes of wakame seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida) that is located above its appressoria.
- 差火点火式・地上設置型である通常の大筒と異なり、銃床とカラクリを用いた火縄銃の体裁を持つものを指す。
- Different from a usual big barrel which is ignited by adding fire and positioned on the ground, it refers to one in the form of hinawaju using the gunstock and karakuri (mechanism).
- 江戸時代には上杉鷹山や池田光政が人々に倹約のために食事を一汁一菜にするよう命じたことが知られている。
- It is known that Yozan UESUGI and Mitsumasa IKEDA ordered people to make their meals ichiju-issai for the sake of frugality during the Edo period.
- 青竹を束ねて立て毬杖三本を結び、その上に扇子や短冊などを添え、陰陽師が謡いはやしながらこれを焼いた。
- In the ceremony, fans and tanzaku (long, narrow card on which Japanese poems are written vertically) were placed on the three Giccho (a Japanese ancient game similar to Hockey) sticks tied to the vertical green bamboo poles, and a Yin Yang master burned them while he was singing and playing musical accompaniment.
- 酒匠はより上位の資格で、きき酒師や焼酎アドバイザーといった資格を既に保有していることが受験資格となる。
- To qualify for certification as a licensed sake taster, which is a more advanced certification, applicants are required to be certified as a sake taster or shochu adviser.
- また、名古屋にはわかこうじ、大阪に井上陽一、手廻し映写機で上映と活弁をする小崎泰嗣などが活動している。
- Other active katsudo benshi include Koji WAKA in Nagoya, Yoichi INOUE and Taiji KOSAKI in Osaka who narrates movies while rolling the hand projector.
- 上記のだんじりの内の一つで、近畿地方の主に和泉国・河内国・摂津国地域の祭礼で登場する地車(だんじり)。
- Danjiri refers to the type of float --- one of the above mentioned --- that appears mainly in festivals of the former Izumi Province, Kawachi Province, and Settsu Province (the present Hyogo and Osaka Prefectures) in the Kinki region.
- 沖縄県では「ぜんざい」の語は汁粉の一種でなく、主に砂糖で煮たインゲンマメの上に氷を盛ったかき氷を指す。
- In Okinawa, 'zenzai' is not a type of shiruko but means a shaved ice made of shaved ice topped with haricot beans stewed mainly with sugar.
- もののあはれ(もののあわれ、物の哀れ)とは、平安時代の王朝文学を知る上で重要な文学的・美的理念の一つ。
- Mono no aware (written as もののあわれ or 物の哀れ) is the key literary and aesthetic notion in the study of dynastic style literature in the Heian period.
- 便器は床面に直接設置されるのが普通であるが、駅などでは30cm程度の高さの台の上に設置する場合もある。
- Usually the basin is installed directly on the floor, but in railroad stations and so on, it is sometimes installed on a platform which is about thirty centimeters high.
- 尋常ならざる謝意や謝罪の意を表す場合、着座している座布団を外した上で平伏することが行われることもある。
- When showing extraordinary appreciation or apology, sometimes a person removes a zabuton before prostrating themselves on the floor.
- 現在では夏目の他、石子順(石子順造とは別人)や村上知彦、呉智英、長谷邦夫、藤本由香里ら数名が活動する。
- Today, in addition to Natsume, Jun ISHIKO (he is not Junzo ISHIKO), Tomohiko MURAKAMI, Tomofusa KURE, Kunio NAGATANI and Yukari FUJIMOTO are working as a critic.
- - 10時から16時20分まで約20分毎(11月下旬から12月上旬までは、10時から15時40分まで)
- Every 20 minutes from 10am to 4.20pm (from 10am to 3.40pm in late November through early December)
- 甲の前楯に麻の葉繋ぎ文が施され、金泥盛り上げ彩色や銅製金具などと相まって鎌倉後期の趣向がよく現れている
- A taste in the late Kamakura period is seen clearly on this statue in the following way: An inter-twined asa no ha pattern is provided on the front shield of the armor, colors are provided by thickly adding kindei on the surface, and copper fittings are also used.
- 染色技術の変遷とあいまって寛弘年間以降は四位以上は黒、五位は蘇芳、六位及び六位以下は縹の3色となった。
- With the changing method of dyeing, the Kanko era and later the three colors were decided, that is, for shii (forth-rank) or higher as black, the gou (fifth-rank) as dark red and rokui (sixth-rank) or lower as hanada (light blue).
- 現在、上方落語協会ではキタの天満天神繁昌亭とミナミの島之内寄席を、協会主催寄席の両輪と位置づけている。
- Currently, the Kamigata Rakugo Association identifies the Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei Theater in North Osaka and the Shimanouchi Yose Theater in South as two wheels of yose theater that it organizes.
- これは四天王(特に6代目松鶴)との確執などで上方落語協会を脱退した3代目林家染三が設立したものである。
- This association was established by Somezo HAYASHIYA III who left the Kamigata Rakugo Association on account of his feud with the Big Four (especially with Shokaku VI).
- また江戸落語「三軒長屋」などに出てくる大工の棟梁は、上方では手伝い(テッタイ)の又兵衛として登場する。
- The chief carpenter of 'Three Houses in a Terrace' in Edo rakugo appears in Kamigata as Matabe the Assistant.
- 秋分から春分までの間、北半球では太陽は真東からやや南寄りの方角から上り、真西からやや南寄りの方角に沈む。
- The sun rises from the slightly southerly direction from the due east and sets in the slightly southerly direction from the due west in the northern hemisphere during the period between the autumnal and vernal equinoxes.
- 手事がリタルダントして終わった後、それを受けてゆっくり始まるがすぐに早くなり、最後の盛り上がりを形作る。
- After tegoto becomes gradually slower and finishes, atouta, taking over this, gradually begins but soon becomes faster and forms the last climax.
- 野位牌は、中陰壇を解いた後、焚き上げられる〔内位牌の作成後、野位牌から本位牌に御霊を移動して頂いた後〕。
- No-ihai is burnt after the chuin-dan is cleared (i.e., after uchi-ihai is created and the spirit of a deceased person is transmitted from noi-hai to hon-ihai).
- しかし、だからと言って、この献上より前には、麹による酒造法が日本に存在しなかったということにはならない。
- However, this does not necessary suggest that there was no brewing method by rice malt in Japan before this presentation.
- 摘み取った茶葉をよく蒸し、その後長ければ1日以上天日でしっかりと乾燥させ、その後焙じて出来上がりとなる。
- Picked tea leaves are thoroughly steamed, then completely dried in the sun for over a day if being dried for a long time before being roasted to completion.
- 文献上で日本の「醤」の歴史をたどると、701年の「大宝律令」には、醤を扱う「主醤」という官職名が見える。
- Tracing the history of Japanese '醤' in documents, '主醤,' the name of an official position which deals with 醤 (hishio), was found in 'Taiho Ritsuryo' (Taiho Code) in 701.
- 座布団は座る道具であるため、基本的には椅子の座席同様、その上に立つ行為は「あまり美しくない」といえよう。
- A zabuton is for sitting on, so let's just say that standing on one is much like standing on a chair, and this is not aesthetically pleasing.
- 着衣や装身具も華やかに彩色されており、その上に立涌、格子、卍繋などの細緻な截金文様が置かれ荘厳されている
- The robe and accessories are painted in colors brilliantly, on which delicate kirikane patterns of tachiwaku, lattice and connected 卍 and others are used for giving a stately atmosphere.
- 鵲橋(しゃくはし)とは、中国の伝説で旧暦の7月7日 (旧暦)の七夕の日に天の川上にできる橋の名前である。
- Syakuhashi is the name of the bridge which appears on the Milky Way in a Chinese legend on the day of Tanabata star festival, the seventh of July in the old lunar calendar.
- 大正時代までは西洋料理は外で食べるものという意識が強かったが、上層から家庭料理にも徐々に浸透しはじめる。
- Western-style dishes were rather considered eaten in restaurants until the Taisho period, but were gradually eaten at home as well.
- 人気作品や後に評価が上がった作品の初版帯付き本は、ネットオークション等で高値で取り引きされる傾向にある。
- The first edition of popular books or books which had gained value later with obi tend to be traded at high prices in auctions on the internet, etc.
- “弓道射法八節”に於いて控えの固めがバネのように働き、親指の跳ね上げが促され弦の運行を妨げないとされる。
- In 'Kyudo-shaho hassetsu' the reinfarcement by hikae works like a spring and promotes the flip-up of a thumb and do not prevent the movement of a string.
- さらには、燗とは全く逆に、冷蔵庫や氷などを用い冷やした上で、焼酎を飲むということまで行われることもある。
- Moreover, in an opposite manner to warm shochu, shochu refrigerated or cooled down by ice are drunk.
- 強飯とはこわい(堅い)飯のことで、うるち米で炊き上げたご飯に対し、独特のもちもちとした食感と甘味がある。
- Kowameshi means hard rice, and different from cooked non-glutinous rice, it is unique in firm yet chewy texture and tastes sweeter.
- 史的には誤用であるが「活弁をする人」という意味を表現する上で分かり易く、今後は広く用いられる可能性が高い。
- Historically speaking, katsubenshi is an incorrect name, but the name is highly likely to become common in Japan from now on because this word makes it easy to specifically describe silent movie narrators.
- そのため入浴前後に、広げた布の上で服を更衣したが、この布を「風呂敷」と呼んだのが呼称の起源という説がある。
- For the above reason, they changed clothes on a piece of cloth spread out before and after taking a bath and the cloth was called 'Furoshiki,' which is, some say, the origin of the naming.
- 屋形船(やかたぶね)とは、和船の一種で、主に船上で宴会や食事をして楽しむ、屋根と座敷が備えられた船のこと。
- Yakata-bune is a kind of Japanese boat and is a roofed ship with zashiki (tatami room) for use in festivals and enjoying food on a ship.
- 飲料の低アルコール化という現象の延長線上には、ノン・アルコール化もしくはアルコール離れといった現象がある。
- The phenomenon of low-alcohol drinks led to the phenomenon of non-alcohol or an avoidance of alcohol.
- 折れた針を神社に納めたり、豆腐や蒟蒻のようにやわらかいものに刺したりすることで供養し、裁縫の上達を祈った。
- People hold the service by offering broken needles to a shrine or sticking them in soft materials such as tofu or konnyaku (a gelatinous food made from devil's-tongue starch) and pray that their sewing will become proficient.
- 蕪村から学んだ文人画(南画)を基礎とし、応挙の写生画風を取り入れ、独自の形で発展させ、四条派を作り上げる。
- He rather took the realism of Okyo in his own style and developed it uniquely on the basis of literati painting (Nanga) learned from Buson and built up the Shijo school.
- 雑誌の売上は低下したが、単行本にはアニメ化などのメディアミックスされた作品を中心にヒット作が生まれている。
- Although magazine sales have dropped, some hits were produced among comic book franchises which were made into anime and so on.
- これによると、伊賀国の服部氏族・上嶋元成の三男が申楽(能)役者・観阿弥で、母は楠木正成の姉妹だったという。
- According to the document, the third son of Gensei UESHIMA who was a member of the Hattori clan in Iga Province was an actor of Sarugaku (form of theater becoming the basis for Noh), Kanami and his mother was a sister of Masashige KUSUNOKI.
- 史料にヒトツモノが見られるようになるのは平安時代後期からで、『中右記』の宇治上神社の記述などが挙げられる。
- In the late Heian period, Hitotsumono first appeared in the historical documents, for example, in the description of the Ujigami-jinja Shrine in the 'Cyuyuki' (a diary of a court official).
- 橙(みかん)は代々続くようにと子孫繁栄を願った物を、燃やし易くする為に踏み潰す事が縁起上良くないとされる。
- Daidai (bitter orange) is believed to bring descendants prosperity, so if people trample daidai to burn them quickly, it is considered as bad luck.
- その方が貯蔵にも便利であるし、他藩や上方や江戸表へ沖出し(おきだし)、すなわち移出するのも簡単だからである。
- It is because this practice made it easier to store and to make Okidashi, or to transport to other domains, Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area) and Edo.
- 一般に直径30cmのさげわに170cmの長さで吊るされ、飾りの数は3、5、7、9などの奇数で組み上げられる。
- Those are generally made into 170cm lengths and hung on a ring 30cm in diameter called Sagewa, and the number of ornaments are combined in odd numbers like 3, 5, 7 or 9.
- 八塩折之酒、国樔(くず)の麹造りと醴酒(こざけ)献上など、神代から持統天皇時代までの日本酒に関する記述多し。
- There are many descriptions on sake such as Yashio ori no sake, rice malt making of Kuzu and presentation of kozake from the age of the gods to the era of the Emperor Jito.
- 戦後、インゲンマメ(またはアズキ)などをシロップや黒砂糖で煮たものの上にかき氷を載せたものが一般的になった。
- After the World War II, the shaved ice on top of the kidney (or azuki) beans stewed in the syrup or with brown sugar became popular.
- もともとは江戸時代中期に京都で考案された菓子であり、上新粉(米粉)で作った生地で餡を包んで同様に焼いたもの。
- Kintsuba was originally invented in Kyoto in the mid-Edo period and was made by coating bean paste with batter made of rice flour and water and searing the outside.
- 枝も前後左右に順序よく出ており、枝と枝の間隔も上に行くに従って、狭くなっていくような状態を枝順がよいと言う。
- If the branches branch off in a balanced way around the trunk, left to right, front to back, and the space between branches becomes smaller further up the tree, this is called a good branch balance.
- その後、米の研ぎ汁(なければひと握りの米粒)と一緒に下ゆでをしておくと、きれいな白色に仕上げることができる。
- Then, in order to make the finished color white, cover them with rice water washings (or water with a handful of rice) and cook.
- 近世の公家日記には、指袴で出仕中急に天皇に御礼言上する必要が生じたので指貫に着替えたといった記事もみられる。
- In kuge-nikki (noblemen's diaries) in the early-modern times, there are articles that describe someone wearing sashiko while serving who suddenly needed to change his clothes to sashinuki to say thank the emperor.
- 1892年8月に桂梅團治初代・桂家雁篤のコンビが「軽口」の看板を上げ、落語の演目を演じ分けるなど人気を博す。
- In August, 1892, entertainment shows under the name of 'Karukuchi' performed by a duo of Umedanji KATSURA (the first generation) and Gantoku KATSURAYA gained stories of rakugo repertoire.
- 主な流儀に遠州流、石州流、有楽流、上田宗箇流、鎮信流、不昧流、小笠原家茶道古流、御家流 (茶道)などがある。
- Major schools of buke sado include Enshu-ryu, Sekishu-ryu, Uraku-ryu, Uedasoko-ryu, Chinshin-ryu, Fumai-ryu, Ogasawarake-sado-koryu, and Oie-ryu (of tea ceremony).
- 引退後は芝居茶屋・紀伊國屋を立ち上げてその経営にあたり、明治初年にはこれを芝居小屋・澤村座に発展させている。
- After retiring, he set up and ran a tea room called Kinokuniya and in the Meiji Period this grew to become the Sawamura-za Theater.
- 楳嶺の画風にはそれほど見るべき点は無いが、文麟が作り上げた画風を忠実に受けつぎながらも、幅広い画域を誇った。
- The painting style of Bairei had no striking features, but he followed the style created by Bunrin faithfully and also had an ability in a wide variety of painting styles.
- 宝壇の上の白蓮華座に坐し、右手は与願印を表しその手首に数珠をかけ、左手は胸前で紅蓮華をさした水瓶を持している
- The kannon is seated on a white lotus throne on a hodan (treasure platform), with his right arm expressing Yogan-in (wish-granting mudra) and a juzu (beadroll) in the wrist and with his left hand holding a water jar, in which gu renge (red lotus) is inserted, in front of his chest.
- その上、野菜を下品な食べ物と見下して摂取せず、珍しい食べ物を食べる事で貴族達は自分達の権威を見せ付けていた。
- In addition, nobles despised vegetables as vulgar foodstuffs and did not eat them, and they showed off their authority by eating rare food.
- レコードという新しいメデイアをフルに用い、ギャグ満載のナンセンスな演出は今日の上方落語に大きな影響を与えた。
- He greatly influenced today's Kamigata rakugo by his nonsensical mis-en-scene full of gags, using a new medium of musical records.
- 上方の落語家は、戦後の経緯から、吉本興業や松竹芸能、米朝事務所などの所属芸能事務所によって色分けされている。
- In Kamigata, on the other hand, storytellers belong to entertainment companies, including Yoshimoto Kogyo, Shochiku Geino Co., Ltd., and Office Beicho, resulting from Kamigata rakugo's peculiar development after the War.
- しかし国内で生産されるワインには輸入果汁やバルクワインの混入も多く、まだまだ発展途上といわれ評価は低かった。
- However, imported juices and bulk wine were added to most of the wine produced in Japan and Japanese wine was said to be still developing and it received a low score.
- 方法にはいくつかあるが、多くは、煮え上がった粥の中に棒を入れてかき回し、棒についた米粒の数で占うものである。
- There are several methods of Kayuura, but the major one involves using a stick to stir up boiling Kayu, then reading the future by seeing how many rice grains adhere to the stick.
- 瓦葺の屋根を備えた芝居小屋が初めて建てられたのは享保9年 (1724) のことで、雨天下の上演が可能になった。
- It was 1724 when the first playhouse with a tiled roof was established, and this enabled the play to be performed even in the rain.
- そしておもむろに1対のハマグリ殻を掌中に取り上げ、片手で合わせ、よくあったならば、2つにわけて膝の前に伏せる。
- Someone calmly takes up a pair of clamshells in her hand, and if they match perfectly in one hand, she separates the pair and put them inside down in front of her knees.
- しかし近年、環境問題が取り上げられる中、袋に代わるものとして利用を提案する意見がある(今日的再評価にて詳述)。
- In recent years however, while environmental protection is emphasized, some have proposed the use of Furoshiki instead of supermarket checkout bags (described in detail in contemporary reassessment).
- ゆえに、清酒(せいしゅ)が日本酒そのものの誕生とほぼ同時期である上代に造られたと考えるのにはさほど無理はない。
- Therefore, it is not difficult to think that seishu was produced in Jodai, about the same time as the production of sake itself also began.
- なお、醴酒に関しては、養老1年(717年)美濃国から献上された醴泉で醴酒を造ったとの記述も『続日本紀』にある。
- In addition, as regard to kozake, there is also a description in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) that it was made of the sweet spring water presented from the Mino Province in 717.
- 場合によっては家元のほかに宗家を置くこともある(家元と宗家の上下や関係、役割分担は流儀ごとに千差万別である)。
- In some schools, there is a soke (grand master) instead of an Iemoto (although the hierarchical relationship and role division between iemoto and soke vary widely depending on the school).
- あるいは、視覚障害者で、音楽などにおいて顕著な業績を上げた人への尊称として、検校などの敬称を用いることがある。
- Or as the honorific title to the visually-impaired who achieved exceptional performance in music and other fields, kengyo and other titles are sometimes used.
- 東京の内海桂子は弟子の笑組、ナイツ (お笑いコンビ)と舞台に上がる時、軽口の演目であった『名鳥名木』を演じる。
- Keiko UTSUMI, a Tokyo-based comedian, also performs one of karukuchi repertoires, called 'Meicho Meiboku' when she appears on stage with her pupil comedian duo, Knights.
- また、上方と江戸で別々に発展したため、以下のように東西によって落語の題名が違ったり、片方にしかない演目がある。
- As rakugo developed separately in Kamigata and Edo, some programs have different names or are found only in either area.
- 雑誌を読まなくなりメディアミックスで作品を知るケースが増えたため、単行本の売上は維持されているといわれている。
- It is said that people lost interest in reading magazines but they often learn a work through media franchise, thus the sales of comic books are maintained.
- 征夷大将軍足利氏を中心に有力守護をはじめとする上層武士が京都に多く居住し、伝統的な公家文化とさかんに接触した。
- Since many high-ranking warriors including powerful Shugo (military governor), especially Seii Taishogun (literally, great general who subdues the barbarians) Ashikaga clan, lived in Kyoto, they frequently came in touch with the traditional culture of court nobles.
- 同じく1993年には日本初のプロサッカーリーグ・Jリーグが開幕し、日本中が空前のJリーグブームに沸き上がった。
- In the same year, 1993, the J. League, the first professional football league in Japan, began and a boom in soccer occurred all over Japan.
- 天満天神繁昌亭の開設を機に、桂三枝上方落語協会会長が真打制度を復活させる計画だったが、反対意見が多く断念した。
- At the opening of the Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei Theater, Sanshi KATSURA who was the president of the Kamigata Rakugo Association planned to reinstitute shinuchi rank, but had to give it up because of overwhelming opposition.
- 店頭販売用の干しいもは、バリア性の高いフィルムで作られた包装袋にほしいもと脱酸素剤を同封し、日持ち向上させる。
- Hoshi-imo sold at stores is usually packed with deoxidizer into a bag made of wrapping material with high shielding properties for long-term storage.
- 唐衣(からぎぬ)の起源は唐から渡来した背子(からぎぬ)というベストのような袖のない上着で、正倉院にも残っている。
- The origin of karaginu was a sleeveless jacket like a vest called karaginu (背子) introduced from Tang Dynasty China, of which an example remains in the Shosoin Treasure House.
- 菩提泉(ぼだいせん)とは、平安時代中期から室町時代末期にかけて、もっとも上質で高級であった日本酒とされる銘柄名。
- 'Bodaisen' was a name-brand sake (Japanese rice wine) which had the reputation of having the highest quality and grade from the middle of the Heian period to the end of the Muromachi period.
- ただし、現在の両国国技館では、安全上の観点から、仮設ではなく常設の太鼓櫓が作られ、エレベーターも備えられている。
- However, the current drum turret set up at the Ryogoku Kokugikan Arena is a permanent one, not a temporary one, for security reasons; besides, it has an elevator.
- 布団(重)を7段重ね、担ぎ棒の上に掛け布団と呼ばれる布団を2~4枚乗せており、200以上の部品で構成されている。
- The chosa contains more than 200 parts, including seven layered futon (ju) and a few sheets of futon on the shouldering poles, called kake-buton (a top cover).
- この無常については、「諸行無常」として三法印・四法印の筆頭に上げられて、仏教の根本的な考え方であるとされている。
- This mujo is referred as 'Shogyo Mujo' (All things must pass) in the head of three and four seals of the dharma and is considered to be the foundation ideology of Buddhism.
- このような状況が、政府主導によって全国規模で酒造りに関する情報を交換し、酒蔵相互の技術の向上を図る必要を生んだ。
- Therefore, the government needed to lead the information exchanging on sake brewing all over the country and to improve the techniques of sake breweries with each other.
- 『延喜式』の記述によれば、その国樔が献上した酒でさえも醴酒という米と麹を使用して造る酒であったことがうかがえる。
- According to the description of 'Engishiki' (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), even the sake presented by kuzu seemed to be kozake, that is, a sake made of rice and rice malt.
- 須須許里が実在の人物であったとしても、彼がもたらしたものはせいぜい酒造技術の向上レベルのものであったと思われる。
- Even though if Susukori actually existed, it seems that he brought at most a progressed technique of sake brewing.
- 生卵を食べる場合は、「ひび割れた卵」や「割れた卵」、「割ってから2時間以上経過した卵」を使用するのは危険である。
- To eat a raw egg, it is risky to use 'a cracked egg,' 'a broken egg,' or 'an egg cracked two or more hours before.'
- その完成期までの古筆は特に上代様と称され、今日に至ってもかな書道古典の代表として多くの学書者の手本とされている。
- Ancient calligraphy up to the complete period is usually called jodaiyo and, because it represents classic calligraphy, it is still used today as a model by many learners.
- とはいえ、現代の銃に比して先込め銃は単体では連射に向かないものであることは上記のプロセスなどからも容易に窺える。
- However, a muzzle-loader is not appropriate for serial shooting compared to present-day guns, which is easy to understand as mentioned above.
- ほか大阪放送の「オンワード落語特選」、エフエム大阪の「上方FM寄席」などが、若者を中心に多くのファンを開拓した。
- The following radio shows particularly attracted young listeners: 'Onward Rakugo Selection' by Osaka Broadcasting Corporation and 'Kamigata FM Yose' by FM Osaka.
- 中でも大崎八幡宮のものは20万人以上が訪れるというもっとも盛大なもので、仙台市の無形民俗文化財に指定されている。
- Among them, Sagicho in Osaki Hachimangu Shrine is magnificent with over 200,000 visitors and it is designated as Sendai City Important Intangible Folk-Cultural Property.
- 十二単で一番上に羽織り、目に付く着物のため、二陪織物(ふたえおりもの)の様な高価な生地で調製するのが約束とされる。
- Since it is worn on the top of juni-hitoe and a visible kimono, it is usually made with expensive cloth such as futae orimono (silk double weave).
- 上質のものは非常に高価で、『金一匁(もんめ)紅一匁』という言葉通り、同じ重量の金に匹敵する価値があるとも言われた。
- High-quality beni is extremely expensive and it was said to be valued as the same amount of gold, as the familiar expression 'one monme (3.75 grams) of gold, one monme of beni' described.
- 一方、旧来然とした素朴な設備しか持たない零細蔵は、自分たちの販売能力を上回る酒造米を割り当てられていたからである。
- On the other hand, small breweries who had only simple and traditional facilities were allocated more rice for sake brewing than the amount they could sell.
- たとえば、『日本書紀』によれば、応神天皇19年に吉野の国樔(くず)が醴酒(こざけ)を献上したという記述が見られる。
- For example, according to 'Nihonshoki,' there is a description that kuzu (the indigenous people said to live in the Yoshino woods) in Yoshino presented kozake in 288.
- いくつかの竹管には屏上(びょうじょう)と呼ばれる長方形の穴があり、共鳴管としての管長は全長ではなくこの穴で決まる。
- There are rectangular holes called byojo on several of the bamboo tubes, and their lengths as resonant tubes are determined by the locations of this holes, not by the entire length of the bamboo tubes.
- 厳しい生育環境により、地中で分岐した根元の部分が、風雨に晒されて表土から浮き出して露出している状態を根上りと呼ぶ。
- Neagari style bonsai are those which have been grown in a harsh environment and the roots branching off under the earth have become exposed on the surface of the topsoil due to the effects of wind and rain.
- これを天日干し等の日乾や、室内や庫内で火を焚くなどして温度を上げ乾燥させる火乾(機械乾燥)などの方法で乾燥させる。
- Dry the squid prepared in the way above in the sun or in a hot room or chamber where a fire is built to raise the temperature (machine drying).
- そのためハイカルチャーとしてのアートの業界とは無縁の存在であった(よって村上隆は「絵師」として認知されていない)。
- As a consequence their world has had nothing to do with the art industry which belongs to the high culture (thus people do not think of Takashi MURAKAMI as an 'eshi').
- 左上の絵は19世紀中頃の写実主義のフランスの画家、アンリ・ファンタン=ラトゥールの『テーブルの隅』という絵である。
- The picture shown in the upper left is entitled 'Corner of the table' and was painted by Henri Fantin-Latour, a French realism painter of the mid-19th century.
- 製法は原材料にもち米と長期熟成させた麹を加え、水の量を5割以上も減らして仕込み、もろみを絞る数日前に木灰を加える。
- It is manufactured by adding rice malt which has been fermented for a long time to mochi rice and fermenting with half the usual amount of water and adding charcoal a few days before refining the sake.
- 工業用のアイロンでスチーム式でなく温度調節が利かないタイプ、つまり蒸気を放出せず温度が上昇し続けるものを使用する。
- An iron for industrial use, the type of not utilizing steam and with no temperature control, or the type with which the temperature continues increasing without emitting steam, is used.
- 『源氏物語』末摘花 (源氏物語)の巻の中で、「手は、さすがに文字つよう、中さだのすぢにて、上下ひとしく書い給へり。
- The following passage appears in the 'Suetsumuhana' (Safflower) chapter in 'The Tale of Genji,' 'as for the handwriting, the characters are surely strongly written, but the skill is mediocre, and both the top and bottom are written aligned.
- 小筒に比べて威力が増大した分扱いが難しい上に高価なので、臨時雇いでなく継続して主人に仕える足軽が用いる銃とされた。
- Since it was more powerful, it became more difficult to handle the middle barrel compared to a small one; also, since it was expensive, it was regarded as a gun used not by temporaries, but mainly by ashigaru who continuously served the master.
- 日本放送協会を含めた各放送局は内容の充実を図って「コンテンツとしての上方落語」と「タレントとしての落語家」に着目。
- Eager to improve their programs, the TV stations, including Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), took notice of the difference between 'Kamigata rakugo as program content' and 'rakugo storytellers as TV personalities.'
- ただし、お湯を加えることで酒の温度を上げる行為を燗とは言わず、その場合は、お湯割り(おゆわり)と呼んで区別される。
- However, adding hot water to raise the temperature of sake does not mean warming sake, and in that case, it is distinguished by calling it 'oyuwari.'
- 出初め式の歴史については、江戸時代の1659年(万治2年)1月4日に江戸上野東照宮で行われたのが最初と伝えられる。
- It is said that the dezomeshiki held at Ueno Toshogu Shrine on January 4, 1659 in the Edo period was the first in its history.
- 後に、三人以上であったり、手だけでなく体全体を用いたりするものも現れたが、基本的に形によって勝敗を決める遊びである。
- This chooses the winner and loser basically with shape and the game that used three players or whole body instead of just hands started to appear later.
- ジャポニズム以降は地平線が画面上部に描かれたり、あるいは背景全部が地面または床になることが普通に見られるようになる。
- After the introduction of Japonism, techniques in which the horizon was depicted in the upper half of the picture or the entire background of the picture was occupied by ground or floor became commonplace.
- これはもち米6に対しうるち米4で作った団子を小豆の粉の汁で煮込み、塩味を付けたものであり、その上から白砂糖をかける。
- To make the susuridango, stew dumplings made of mochi-gome (glutinous rice with its carbohydrate molecule consisting of 100% amylopectin) and uruchi-mai (glutinous rice with its carbohydrate molecule consisting of 80% amylopectin and 20% amylose) in a red bean flour soup, while the ratio of mochi-gome and uruchi-mai in the dumpling is six to four, add salt, then sprinkle some sugar.
- 早稲田大学稲吟会、明治大学詩吟研究部、関西大学吟詩部、岡山大学吟詩部はいずれも50年以上の歴史を持つサークルである。
- Waseda University Togin Kai, Meiji University Shigin Kenkyu Club, Kansai University Shigin Club and Okayama University Shigin Club respectively have over 50 years of history.
- しかし養父の死後尾上家から離縁されたため、大坂に戻って師匠・額十郎の俳名だった延若を名乗り、初代實川延若を襲名した。
- However, after the death of his adopted father, he was thrust out of the ONOE family and returned to Osaka where he took the name Enjaku which was the pen name of his teacher Gakujuro, and became Enjaku Jitsukawa (I).
- 一方で、深川江戸資料館、お江戸日本橋亭、国立演芸場、よしもと浅草花月などの主な演芸場における上方落語家出演も増えた。
- On the other hand, Kamigata storytellers increasingly appear in major yose theaters in Tokyo, including the Fukagawa Edo Museum, the Oedo Nihonbashi Tei Hall, the National Engei Hall, and Yoshimoto Asakusa Kagetsu.
- 舁き山車の場合は 担ぐゆえの構造的な軽量さから、次のような派手な動きが多く、また太鼓台の差し上げに通じるものが多い。
- Kakidashi is structurally light so as to be lifted up, and it includes more showy performances as follows, which are also commonly observed features of Sashiage for Taikodai.
- ヴィニョロンと呼ばれる個人醸造家による出品から大手メーカーの力作まで、純国産ワインの品質向上を競うようになっている。
- From wine by individual winemakers called vigneron to one by large manufacturers with efforts, it is open to compete with quality improvement of purely domestic wines.
- 座敷など座布団の上に座る場所での食事などでは、座る位置がその場の上下関係(ヒエラルキー)を暗に示している(→上座)。
- When you have dinner in zashiki and other places where people sit on zabuton (traditional Japanese cushions), the layout of sitting positions of participants is decided to suggest implicitly their hierarchy (please refer to 'Kamiza' [a seat of honor]).
- 枠に取り付けられた軸の上に風車が付いており、蝋燭の熱が空気を暖めて起こる上昇気流を受けて回転する仕掛けになっている。
- The axle, attached to the frame, has a pinwheel on itself, and the pinwheel spins from the ascending air current, caused by the air heated by the candle.
- ついで金の立烏帽子に大口を着て小さい鞨鼓を前に懸け、打ち鳴らしながら舞い、また半上下を着たものが笛、小鼓で打ち囃す。
- Then, a man in gold Eboshi and Okuchi (a type of trousers) dances while beating a small Kakko (a Japanese drum) around his neck, and a man in short Kamishimo plays the flute and beats the Kotsuzumi (small hand drum).
- これは、器内で湯を沸かし、内管に上から酒をそそぎ、下部の活栓をひらけばただちに燗のつけられた酒が流れ出るものである。
- Water is boiled in this equipment, sake is poured in a tube that goes through this equipment, and if the stopper cock at the bottom is opened, warmed sake will pour out.
- 外側の袋で包むとき折り返しが上下にあるが、まず、下からの折り返しを折って、それから上からの折り返しが重なるようにする。
- When you insert the naka-bukuro into the outer envelope (koden-bukuro), you should fold back the lower end of the koden-bukuro first and then fold back the upper end so that the upper end overlaps the folded-back lower end.
- 享保9年(1724年)の下り酒問屋の調査では、灘目三郷の名が伊丹酒を追い上げる酒の生産地として報告書に記載されている。
- In the research on wholesalers of kudarizake (sake shipped from Kyoto and Osaka to Edo) in 1724, the Nadame sango was recorded as a production area of sake which caught up to Itami zake.
- 映画「タンポポ (映画)」で有名になった作り方として、皿に盛ったチキンライスの上に中が半熟のプレーンオムレツをのせる。
- In the movie 'Tampopo' (literally, dandelion), a different variation of the rice omelet recipe in which a plain omelet, half-cooked and soft inside, is placed on top of ketchup-flavored chicken fried rice.
- しかし、これも炊きあがり直前に生卵を載せるものの、食べる際には半熟以上に固まっているため、生卵を食べるとは言いがたい。
- However, though a raw egg is added immediately before completion of the food, the egg is boiled more than half when it is eaten, and therefore it is also hard to say they eat a raw egg.
- 近年では日本人の生活様式の変化に伴い、椅子の上に乗せる様式も発達、椅子の形状に合わせて小型の製品も数多く登場している。
- In recent years, with the changes in lifestyle of Japanese people, zabuton have been made to put on chairs, and many small products created to fit the shape of chairs have come into use.
- 大名の往来を上から見下ろすことが失礼に当たるということから居間としてではなく物置として造り、使うことが許可されていた。
- Since it was considered to be disrespectful to look down on processions of feudal lords, the loft was allowed to be built and used as a storage and not as a living space.
- 仕事(ビジネス)上でトラブルを避けるためには、案内する者に名刺などを渡して、案内され示された場所に座るのが一番である。
- The most recommendable way to avoid any trouble in the course of business is to show your name card or others to an usher who may guide you to the right place to sit down.
- 勘左衛門は袴の裾を上げ大小を差したまま出てきたので皆不審に思い、行司が帯刀を見咎めたが、勘左衛門は以下のように答えた。
- When Kanzaemon appeared for the fight with the hem of his hakama (a kind of skirt worn over a kimono) tucked up and still carrying two swords, everyone grew suspicious and the sumo referee questioned him about it, but Kanzaemon replied as follows.
- かえしにさらに味醂を加え寝かせた物を御膳(前)がえし(ごぜんがえし)または上がえしといい、ざる蕎麦用のざる汁に使われる。
- Once again adding mirin to kaeshi and letting it stand produces what is called gozen-gaeshi or uwa-gaeshi, which is used to make zaru-soba (soba topped with sliced nori seaweed served on a latticed bamboo tray) sauce.
- このため出品する酒蔵は、たいてい黄金色がついている上槽したばかりの酒に濾過をほどこし、酒から色を抜くことに力をそそいだ。
- For this reason, the sake breweries which exhibited sake in the competition usually put efforts to make golden sake, which was just finished the joso process (extraction to separate the sake from sake lees by applying pressure), clearer by filtering.
- 構造上、呼気によって内部が結露しやすく、そのまま演奏し続けると簧に水滴が付いて音高が狂い、やがて音そのものが出なくなる。
- Due to its structure, internal condensation from breath easily builds up and, if performed continually, water drops on the shita will distort the pitch and eventually lead to loss of sound.
- 賭け事などで期待値を高め、遊興にメリハリを付け作業対効果を簡単に上げる為や、難しい手(役)を作った事に対する祝意である。
- In gambling and related activities, shugi refers to increasing the returns to make it more exciting, or to money given to congratulate a making a difficult hand.
- その風俗は、島田髷に手拭を被り、薪を頭上に載せ、鉄漿をつけ、紺の筒袖で白はばきを前で合わせ、二本鼻緒の草鞋を履いている。
- As a custom, oharame did the hair in Shimada-mage (a Japanese hairstyle with a knot for a woman in olden times) style and covered it with tenugui cotton towel, placed firewood on the head, had Ohaguro teeth (black painted teeth), and wore dark-blue Tsutsusode (kimono with tubular style of sleeve) with white habaki (cloth to wrap around one's shins), along with zori (Japanese footwear sandals) having double-cloth straps.
- 上記のように春の象徴・花の代名詞として和歌によく歌われるほか、俳句の世界でも、古くから春の季語として桜が用いられてきた。
- As mentioned above, it was often written in waka poems as a symbol of spring and pronoun for flower, and also in haiku world it has been used as a season word of spring from long ago.
- のちには「ABCヤングリクエスト」内に「ミッドナイト寄席」というコーナーを設けて「上方落語をきく会」での演目を放送した。
- Later it included 'Midnight Yose' within the program 'ABC Young Request' to broadcast routines performed for the ABC Society for Kamigata Rakugo.
- つまり、たとえ焼酎にお湯を加えて温度が上昇したとしても、その後、さらに加熱を行わなければ、燗をしたとは言えないのである。
- In other words, even if hot water is added to shochu and the temperature is raised, if there is not more heating in addition to that, it is not warming sake.
- 竹原惟路の没後、旧熊本藩主の細川護久侯爵は井上平太に伝書一切を印可相伝させ、「第三十三代武田流司家」を襲名させたという。
- It is said that, after Koremichi TAKEHARA died, Marquis Morihisa HOSOKAWA, a lord of the former Kumamoto clan transmitted all books on the esoterica to Heita INOUE and made him succeed 'the 33rd Takeda-ryu tsukasake family.'
- 鎧並びに兜を基として、携帯性や着装時の動きやすさを吟味した上で形状・材質等の改良が重ねられてゆき、現在の様式へと変化した。
- It has became the present design through various improvements in shape and materials after carefully examining portability and mobility of a wearer based on an amour and a kabuto (helmet).
- 現在、各地の神社仏閣(平安神宮、増上寺、神田明神、生国魂神社など)や庭園(大阪城西の丸庭園、新宿御苑など)で催されている。
- Currently, Takigi-noh is performed in shrines and temples (Heian-jingu Shrine, Zojo-ji Temple, Kanda Myojin, Ikukunitama-jinja Shrine, etc.) and gardens (Osaka-jo Castle Nishinomaru garden, the Shinjuku Imperial Gardens, etc.) in various places.
- 由来は、上棟式(建前)などで災いを払うために行われた神事である散餅の儀(もしくは散餅銭の儀)が発展的に広まったものである。
- It originated from sanpei no gi or sanpeisen no gi (both meaning the ceremony of scattering rice cakes or coins), which was a Shinto ritual held during jotoshiki (also called tatemae) and other ceremonies for praying there would be no problem with the building, and this ritual developed into - and became popular as - mochimaki.
- 寒天を用いて粒餡を四角く固めたものの各面に、小麦粉を水でゆるく溶いた生地を付けながら、熱した銅板上で一面ずつ焼いてつくる。
- To make kakukintsuba, first, make rectangular solid gel cakes with tsubuan and agar solution, coat one side of the tsubuan cake with thin batter made of flour and water at a time, sear the coated side on the hot copper griddle immediately and repeat the coating and searing process until all sides have been done.
- 機械等において、2枚の外装を左右あるいは上下に貼り合わせた構造を、外装を皮に、内部機構を餡に見立てて「モナカ構造」という。
- In the field of machinery, a structure of two exterior parts stuck together horizontally or vertically is referred to as 'monaka structure' supposing that the experior parts are the thin crispy wafers and the internal machinery is the bean jam.
- のち實川額十郎の門人となり、さらに尾上菊五郎 (4代目)に認められて養子となり尾上梅幸を襲名、音羽屋の後継者に擬せられる。
- He later became a student of Gakujuro JITSUKAWA and then was highly valued and adopted by Kikugoro ONOE (IV) to take the name Baiko ONOE, and was regarded as successor to the Otowaya stage family name.
- 1996年8月14日、ナビスコカップ・対柏レイソル戦(大分市営陸上競技場=サンガのホームゲーム)が台風のため中止となった。
- On August 14, 1996, a Nabisco Cup game against Kashiwa Reysol (played in Oita City Athletic Stadium as a home game of Sanga) was suspended because of a typhoon.
- 「六人の会」主催の「大銀座落語祭」に参加する上方落語家が2008年現在114人に迄に達し、東西落語家の親睦交流が深まった。
- As of 2008, 114 Kamigata storytellers participated in 'The Great Ginza Rakugo Festival' held by 'the Rokuninnokai,' strengthening friendship between the eastern and western storytellers.
- 鳴門インターチェンジより国道11号・国道55号・徳島県道16号徳島上那賀線経由で約30キロメートル(会場付近に駐車場有り)
- Approximately 30 km (there is a parking area near the site) from Naruto Interchange via Tokushima-Kaminaka Route using National Route 11, National Route 55, and Tokushima Prefectural Road 16
- きき酒師は20歳以上であれば誰でも受けられ、同会の主催する講習会を受講した後、筆記・実技の試験に合格すれば認定を受けられる。
- The qualification for the sake taster certification is offered to any person aged 20 and over; applicants are required to take a workshop conducted by SSI and pass the written and practical exams to be certified.
- また上原浩によれば、昭和42年(1967年)鳥取県で戦後初となる醸造アルコールをいっさい加えない酒の醸造が始められたという。
- In addition, according to Hiroshi UEHARA, the sake without any added brewed alcohol began to brew in 1967 in Tottori Prefecture for the first time after the war.
- 一定の年齢になったところで吉日を選び(近世では十六歳、上代ではもっと早い)現代の成人式に当たる「鬢削ぎ」で髪の先をそろえる。
- When they got to a certain age (sixteen in the early modern period and younger in the Jodai, or the era around the Nara period), girls had a kichijitsu (days considered to be lucky) chosen and their hair trimmed at the ceremony of Binsogi (a ceremony to celebrate girls' coming of age by trimming their hair), which corresponds to the present-day coming of age ceremony.
- 新居浜型の太鼓台に似た姿だがさらに大型で飾り面も大きく、高さ5m余り、重量2.5t以上、2輪の1.8mの木車により曳かれる。
- The mikoshi-yatai is a taikodai similar to the taikodai of Niihama City in form but more upsized with larger decorated panels, having a height of about 5m, weights of more than 2.5t, and two 1.8m diameter wooden wheels which tow the mikoshi-yatai.
- 特定の宗教・宗派に個人的に関わる人も多いが、日本人は全体として宗教意識が希薄であり、事実上の無宗教に近い人々が多数派である。
- Although many people are personally involved in a specific religion or religious school, Japanese people do not have a strong sense of religion as a whole, and the majority are substantially close to having none.
- 日本では、2003年より政府開発援助やUNICEFを通じた支援を実施、3年間で200万張以上の蚊帳を世界各国に配布している。
- From 2003 in Japan, support was implemented through official development assistance and UNICEF, and over two million mosquito nets were distributed throughout the world in three years.
- 一方向からの風に晒されていたり、障害物などがあるために根元から斜めに立ち上がり、樹芯にかけて一方向に傾いた樹形を斜幹と呼ぶ。
- If the trunk grows up at an angle, due to being exposed to a wind coming from one direction or other obstacle, and the tree is growing in one direction on an angle from the base to the core, this is called Shakan style bonsai.
- したがって、日本古来の清めと穢れの価値観の上に中華文明の風俗習慣が入って来たことによって明確な区別が無くなったとの説もある。
- Therefore, there is a theory that says that the manners and customs of Chinese civilization were superposed onto the ancient Japanese values of pure and impure, hence losing a clear distinction.
- 昔は足の親指を重ねる場合、男性が左の親指が上、女性は右という決まりがあったものの、現在に於いては特にそういった決まりは無い。
- In the past, men were supposed to put the left big toe on the right, and women were supposed to put the right big toe on the left; however, no such rules exist toady.
- いきは一般的には粋と表記されることが多いが、上方の美意識である「粋(すい)」と区別するために専門的には「いき」と表記される。
- Iki is generally written with the character '粋,' but in specialist works it is written phonetically as 'いき' (iki) in order to distinguish it from '粋' (sui), which is the aesthetic sense of Kamigata (the Kyoto-Osaka district).
- 上方落語協会が桂三枝体制に入ると具体化し、2006年(平成18年)9月15日に「天満天神繁昌亭」が大阪天満宮境内北側に開席。
- When Sanshi KATSURA became Chairman of the Kamigata Rakugo Association, it was finally materialized as the 'Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei Theater' opened in the northern part of the Osaka Tenman-gu Shrine's precincts on September 15, 2006.
- 1993年(平成5年)に天王寺の一心寺シアターへ移った後、1996年(平成8年)のワッハ上方開館に伴いレッスンルームへ移転。
- After moving to Isshinji Theater in Tennoji in 1993, the Shimanouchi Yose Theater moved to the lesson room of the Osaka Prefectural Museum of Kamigata Comedy and Performing Arts which opened in 1996.
- その意味において、一般的に明治以降宮城道雄に至るまでの間に作られた箏曲は、多くが『千鳥の曲』の延長線上に存在すると言ってよい。
- In that context, we can generally say that most of koto music pieces composed since Meiji period to the emergence of Michio MIYAGI are on the line of 'Chidori no Kyoku.'
- そのため、日本においては、映画作品の内容にあわせて台本を書き、上映中に進行にあわせてそれを口演する特殊な職業と文化が出現した。
- There therefore emerged in Japan the peculiar occupation (and its culture) that he or she wrote a script in accordance with the movie content, and that he or she spoke it simultaneously as the movie ran.
- 幾度も間違えることは恥辱であるとされ、おのずと修身の具ともなり、明治維新前までは貝桶が上流社会の嫁入り道具の一であったという。
- Because making many mistakes in the game were considered shameful, kaioi became a means to learn morals and kaioke had been one of a bride's household articles in high society until the Meiji Restoration.
- 鑑評会や品評会が始まった当時、上位に入賞するのはこれら灘・伏見のような古くから知られた銘醸地であることは誰しもが予想していた。
- When the Kanpyokai and competitions began, everyone predicted that the sake made in old famous brewing districts like Nada and Fushimi would get a high prize.
- 強大な中華帝国唐が盛んな時代には、貴族は中国文化を模範とした天平文化を築き、留学生が学んできた先進文化が政策上の規範になった。
- In the era when the strong Tang-Dynasty of the Chinese Empire was prosperous, nobles established the Tenpyo culture modeled on Chinese culture, and an advanced culture learned by scholars sent to China became the standard for policies.
- その上に大量生産に向いているほか、酒粕はあくまで酒造の副産物であるため材料コストがはるかに安上がりという面もあると考えられる。
- Furthermore, in addition to the suitability to mass-production, the second method also has the advantage of much cheaper ingredient costs because sakekasu is a by-product of sake production.
- 東坡肉では肉を煮る他に揚げる・蒸す作業を加えることが多いが、角煮ではどちらか片方あるいは双方の作業を省いて仕上げることが多い。
- Though meat in Dong Po Rou is often fried and steamed after stewing, that in Kakuni is often finished omitting frying or steaming, or both.
- そのトレンドはたちまちニューヨークに飛び火し、1980年代初めには全米各地に広まって、マスコミが盛んに取り上げるようになった。
- Leapfrogging to New York all at once, the trend finally spread all over the U.S. in the beginning of the 1980s, when the mass media started to deal with the phenomenon eagerly.
- 岡本は東京朝日新聞において『人の一生』(1921年)などの漫画漫文を連載し、後の日本におけるストーリー漫画の原型を作り上げた。
- Okamoto serialized a manga prose such as 'Hito no Issho (A life of a man)'(1921) in Tokyo Asahi Shinbun and constructed a prototype of Japanese story manga later.
- 中央須弥山上に日輪を負い趺坐する一字金輪(大日金輪)が描かれ、着衣には七宝繋ぎ文、立涌、甃文など精緻な截金文様が施されている。
- This depicts Ichiji Kinrin (also referred as Dainichi Kinrin) seating in a typical Buddhist style with Nichirin (the sun) on the back at the center on Mt. Sumeru, whose clothes provide delicate kirikane patterns of connected shippo, tachiwaku and ishidatami (checker) and others.
- 一方、東国では上杉憲実が下野国足利市に足利学校の蔵書を充実させて再興し、全国の僧侶や武士が学問を学ぶために集まるようになった。
- Meanwhile, in the eastern part of Japan, Norizane UESUGI reestablished the Ashikaga Gakko (Japan's oldest academic institution) by adding a collection of books, so priests and warriors from all over the country gathered to learn.
- 上方のみ:「百年目」、「冬の遊び」、「算段の平兵衛」、「莨の火」、「土橋万歳」、「有馬小便」、「日和違い」、「欲の熊鷹」など。
- The following are performed only in Kamigata: 'Finally Found,' 'Winter Play,' 'Hyobe's Strategy,' 'Lighting a Cigarette,' 'Long Live Tsuchibashi!' 'Piss at Arima,' 'You've Got it Wrong,' 'Greedy Kumataka,' etc.
- 盆香合(ぼんこうごう)は香合が名物もしくは由緒のある場合に行う取り扱いで、炭点前のときに盆に載せた香合を棚物の上に飾っておく。
- Bonkogo is a procedure for when a kogo (an incense container) is of meibutsu or has a history, in which the kogo is placed on a bon (tray) and displayed on a shelf at the time of sumitemae (adding charcoal to the stove for boiling water to make tea).
- 笠懸(かさがけ)とは、疾走するウマ上から的に鏑矢(かぶらや)を放ち的を射る、日本の伝統的な騎射の技術・稽古・儀式・様式のこと。
- Kasagake' (笠懸) is a traditional Japanese form of horseback archery technique/practice/event/form where the archer mounted on a galloping steed shoots 'Kaburaya' arrows (arrows that whistle) at targets.
- 多くの場合では、入り口から最も遠く、掛軸や華道が飾ってある場所が「上座」とよばれ、一番目上の人か大切なゲストが座る位置である。
- In many instances, the place farthest from the entrance of the room and nearest to decorations of hanging scroll and flower arrangements is called 'kamiza' where the highest ranked person or the most important guest may sit.
- 上越地域におけるワイン醸造は「日本のワイン葡萄の父」とも称せられる川上善兵衛の偉業を引き継ぐ明治以来の国産ワインの伝統を誇る。
- In wine production in the Joetsu region, there has been a tradition of Japanese wine since the Meiji period, inheriting achievements of Zenbei KAWAKAMI who is also called 'the father of Japanese grape for wine.'
- 検校(けんぎょう)は、室町以降江戸時代幕末まで、盲人の自治組織である当道座に属した盲人に与えられた四段階の官位の内、一番上の位。
- Kengyo is the highest rank among four court ranks given to blind people who belonged to Todo-za, which was a traditional guild for the blind, from Muromachi period to the end of Edo period.
- 船団の中心となったのは鄭和の宝船(ほうせん)と呼ばれる巨大船で、全長120メートルを超える当時としては史上最大の木造船であった。
- The center of the fleet was a huge ship called treasure ship of He ZHENG, which was the largest-ever at the time with total length of over 120m.
- 札位牌は、一人あるいは夫婦など二人以上の戒名等が表面に書かれた(彫られた)位牌である(書かれた人が存命中は、朱色の字にしておく。
- Fuda-ihai is an ihai inscribed (or engraved) with the posthumous Buddhist name(s) of one person or more such as husband and wife on the surface (the name of the person on ihai is inscribed in vermilion when he/she is still alive).
- 1746年(延享3年)1月6日には信州佐久郡岩村田の割元職の篠澤佐五右衛門包道が伊勢神宮神官福島鳥羽太夫に鯉こくを献上している。
- On January 6, 1746, 篠澤佐五右衛門包道, an official liaison (warimoto) of Iwamurata, Saku County, Shinshu, presented koikoku to Toba FUKUSHIMA, a low-ranking Shinto priest of Ise Jingu Shrine.
- 煮酛(にもと)は、平安時代中期から室町時代末期にかけて、もっとも上質で高級であった日本酒とされる南都諸白に用いられた製法の一つ。
- 'Ni-moto' was one of the producing methods of 'Nanto moro-haku,' the sake (Japanese rice wine) that had a reputation of having the highest quality and grade from the mid-Heian period to the end of the Muromachi period.
- しかし、これではデンプン以外の成分で、蒸すことによって変成するタンパク質などが処理されないため、製成酒は鈍重に仕上がってしまう。
- However, since the components other than starch, such as protein, which should have been modified by steaming could not be modified in this method, the sake became dull.
- 大正時代頃には進学率の上昇などを背景に、都市を中心に洋風の文化が次第に浸透し、デパートに代表される消費文化、大衆文化が成立した。
- In around the Taisho period, Western culture gradually penetrated mainly in cities against the backdrop of the increasing advancement rate, and a consumer-driven culture typified by department stores, and popular culture were established.
- 上記のようにして作られたグルテンに、小麦粉、ベーキングパウダー、もち米粉などを加えて練り合わせ、焙り焼きしたものが焼き麩である。
- Knead together the above gluten, wheat flour, baking powder and glutinous rice flour and toast this dough to make yaki-fu.
- 南北朝時代の連歌の大成者である二条良基はその著書『九州問答』の中で「所詮連歌と云物は、幽玄の境に入ての上の事也。」と述べている。
- In his book 'Kyushu Mondo' Yoshimoto NIJO, a successful Renga poet in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, wrote 'Renga is working only when reaching Yugen.'
- 表現対象としては、人物が大部分であるが、四天王寺所蔵のものには花鳥画が例外的に散見され、その伝統の上でも貴重な資料となっている。
- The majority of the paintings depict people, but those kept by Shitenno-ji Temple are unusual in that they are Kacho-ga (paintings of flowers and birds), providing valuable data.
- この間、大阪では桂文三 (3代目)、露の五郎初代、桂文團治3代目、林家染丸2代目、桂枝雀初代、桂ざこば初代などの名人上手を輩出。
- During this period Osaka gave rise to many excellent storytellers, including Bunzo KATSURA (III), TSUYU no Goro (I), Bundanji KATSURA III, Somemaru HAYASHIYA II, Shijaku KATSURA I, and Zakoba KATSURA I.
- 前開きの上着に対して帯は原理的には必須ではなく、ガウンなどのように、脇の部分に結ぶための紐を備えることで、開かないようにできる。
- Obi is theoretically not necessary for a coat which opens in front, and it is enough to provide a cord on each side to tie so as to hold the clothes secure and prevent them from opening, like in the case of gown.
- 日本のワイン史の黎明期において、新潟県の川上善兵衛や愛知県出身の神谷伝兵衛らの醸造家の努力や業績については特筆されるものがある。
- In the dawn of Japanese wine history, the efforts and achievements of winemakers such as Zenbei KAWAKAMI from Niigata Prefecture and Denbei KAMIYA from Aichi Prefecture are worthy of mention.
- 明治40年(1907年)、兵庫県武庫郡本山村(現・神戸市東灘区)の村有であった通称「岡本山」を15万円(当時価格)で買い上げた。
- In 1907, OTANI bought a village-owned mountain commonly called 'Mt. Okamoto' in Motoyama Village, Muko County, Hyogo Prefecture (present-day Higashinada Ward, Kobe City) for 150,000 yen (the price at that time).
- ただ、「献上加賀棒茶」は焙煎の度合いが浅いため、香りが甘く柔らかではあるが、一般的な焙じ茶に比べ渋みがやや強いという特徴を有する。
- Since 'kenjo kaga-bocha' leaves are lightly roasted, the brewed tea is sweet and mild, but its bitterness is slightly stronger than other, commonly-known types of hojicha.
- 神殿の周囲に立てたもの、屋台の上部に立てたもの等、様式が大きく異なっても幟が飾りの中で占める割合が高ければ、幟山笠と呼ばれている。
- Yamakasa with a high proportion of nobori decorations are called nobori yamakasa, although their styles differ widely, and include a style with nobori surrounding the shrine, a style with nobori fixed to top of the float, etc.
- 神前や観衆への見せ場(交差点等の広くなった場所)において最も多く行われる練りは、太鼓台を頭上高く持ち上げて舁く「差し上げ」である。
- High points of parades mostly include 'sashiage,' lifting the taikodai up above the head of carriers, before the gods and at other sites (for instance, at the center of intersections) for audience.
- 石清水八幡宮(現・京都府八幡市)に祀られている応神天皇は一寸法師にそっくりであり、3歳で生まれ竹の葉の上に乗り生まれて来たとある。
- Emperor Ojin enshrined at Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine (presently at Yawata City, Kyoto Prefecture) looks very much like Issunboshi, and it is said that he was born riding on a bamboo leaf at the age of three.
- 雪の中で横になっていても布袋の身体の上だけには雪が積もっていなかった、あるいは人の吉凶を言い当てたなどという類の逸話が伝えられる。
- It is said that no snow accumulated on his body even if he lay down on the ground while it was snowing and that he could foresee other people's future, etc.
- 若あゆ(若鮎、わかあゆ)は、楕円形に焼き上げたカステラ生地で求肥をつつみ、半月形に整形し、焼印で目とひれの印をつけた和菓子である。
- Wakaayu is a kind of Japanese confectionery which is made with gyuhi (a kind of rice cake made from glutinous rice or glutinous rice flour) wrapped in an oval sponge cake, shaped into a semicircle and marked with an eye and fins.
- なお室内の座る位置に関しては、一般的に出口に近い方ほど地位が低い者の場所(下座)とされ、奥の床の間飾りなどがある場所が上座となる。
- Regarding the positions for sitting within a room, generally the closer to the door, the lower the rank of the person and the position in the room away from the door and near a decorative feature such as an alcove called a Tokonoma is the place of honor.
- 大師様が小豆粥を食する際に用いたと考えられた箸は、地方によっては講の後に魔除けや子女の学問・技術の向上のまじないなどに用いられた。
- In some regions, the chopsticks, which were believed to be the same as those used by Daishisama (the Great Teacher) when eating azuki-gayu, were used after the event as a charm against evil or as a charm for children's excellence in studies and skills.
- 有名なところでは、上村松園や西山翠嶂をはじめ、西村五雲、土田麦僊、小野竹喬、池田遙邨、谷口香嶠、橋本関雪、菊池契月などが活躍した。
- Famous people among them are Shoen UEMURA, Suisho NISHIYAMA and others like Goun NISHIMURA, Bakusen TSUCHIDA, Chikkyo ONO, Yoson IKEDA, Kokyo TANIGUCHI, Kansetsu HASHIMOTO, Keigetsu KIKUCHI.
- 法隆寺所蔵玉虫厨子の須弥座上框下の請花花弁先端部分に小さな長菱形の金箔が施されており、これが国内に現存する最古の截金作品とされる。
- A tiny long lozenge-shaped gold leaf is used at the tips of petals of ukebana (a flower-like accessory) under the agarigamachi (the horizontal bar at the entrance) of shumiza (dais for a Buddhist statue) of Tamamushi-no-Zushi (literally, Beetle Shrine) owned by Horyu-ji Temple, which is considered as the oldest remaining kirikane-using product in Japan.
- 上衣である和服用語集には脇の縫われた文官用の縫腋袍と、袖付けから下が縫い合わさせておらず、脇が開いている武官用の闕腋袍とがあった。
- According to wafuku (traditional Japanese clothes) glossary, there were two types of ho (robe or jacket): hoeki no ho (robe with sides being stitched) for civil officers and ketteki no ho (robe without sides being stitched) for military officers.
- だが、いまや酒類も食糧も巷間にあふれ返っているにもかかわらず、上記のような背景から人は思い入れを以って味を選択しなくなってきていた。
- However, although markets are flooded with many liquors and food, people do not choose their favorite tastes with special feeling because of the above reasons.
- また、開封後しばらくすると湿気を吸って溶け出した調味料により、海苔同士が張り付く、取り上げる際に調味料が手に付くなど扱いにくくなる。
- After some time after opening, it would be hard to handle Ajitsuke nori which sticks together or becomes sticky when holding it due to seasonings leaking out after absorbing humidity.
- いっぽう産業振興よりも醸造技術の修得・向上が目的とされる全国新酒鑑評会は、賛否両論を浴びながらも現在に至るまで毎年春に行われている。
- On the other hand, Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai, which aims for the learning and progress of brewing techniques rather than industrial development, has been held every spring until now in spite of arguments for and against it.
- 東京近郊の蕎麦屋では冷麦は蕎麦と茹で上げる時間がほぼ同じであることが多いため、夏場にはそうめんではなく、冷麦を供している場合が多い。
- Because hiyamugi noodles often boil in just about the same amount of time as the soba noodles, hiyamugi noodles are often served instead of somen noodles during summer in soba noodle shops in and around Tokyo.
- ただし「風呂」とは本来、サウナ風呂のことを指し、蒸気を満たした「室(むろ)」が語源であることを考えると、上の説は前後が逆転している。
- However, because 'Furo' is originally a term used to refer to a sauna bath and its original form was 'Muro,' which is a space filled with water vapor, the relationship between the cause and the result seems to have been reversed in this view.
- 日本では、人の前を横切る時、または雑踏に分け入っていく際などに、縦にした片手を体からやや離した位置で小さく数回上下させることがある。
- In Japan, when a person cuts across in front of others or enters a crowd, they will make several small vertical movements of their vertical hand a short distance from the body.
- いわゆる肉穂花序の付属体は円錐形で高くまっすぐに伸び上がり、仏縁苞は上向きにラッパ状に開き、舷部(伸び出した部分)は背面に反り返る。
- The florescence consists of a conic appendix growing upright on a so-called spadix and a horn-like spathe opening upward with the limb of the spathe (projecting part) recurving to the stem.
- 五位以上は、皀羅頭巾(くりのうすはたのときん・くりのらのときん)、牙笏、金銀装腰帯、白袴、烏皮履(くろかわのくつ・うひり)を着けた。
- The officials of the fifth rank or higher wore kuri no usuhara skullcap, geshaku (ivory tablet), sash decorated with gold and silver, white hakama (a formal divided and pleated skirt for men) and uhiri (black leather shoes).
- 伊賀国では、藤林氏・百地氏・服部氏の上忍三家が他の地侍を支配下に、最終的に合議制を敷いて、戦国大名に支配されない地域を形成していた。
- In Iga Province, three families of Jonin, the Fujibayashi clan, the Momochi clan and the Hattori clan controlled other jizamurai and adopted collegial system to form the area not controlled by daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku Period.
- また、「劣り玉」と呼ばれる適合弾より若干径が小さい弾を使用すれば、目標への集弾性は低下するものの、10発以上の連続発射が可能である。
- If you use a bullet called 'otori-dama' (inferior bullet), a bit smaller than an appropriate one, you can shoot more than ten bullets serially, although the accuracy of fire at the target decreases.
- 起源は西日本の太鼓踊りあるいは陣役踊りといわれ、中心にいる数人が頭上のかぶり物を獅子頭に変えたものが始まりだろうという説が優勢である。
- The Furyu school of shishimai is said to have originated from Drum Dance or Imperial Court Guards' Dance, both seen in western Japan, and a predominant theory says Furyu school of shishimai might have began when some star performers changed their headgears into 'shishigashira.'
- その延長線上に来るのが、水割りウィスキーやチューハイの出現であり、飲料の低アルコール化であり、ノン・アルコール世代の出現となっていく。
- As a result, people came to drink whisky with water and chuhai (shochu highball) or low alcohol beverages, which led to the appearance of the nonalcoholic generation.
- 応仁の乱(1467年-1477年)後100年以上にわたり、日本では政治的、社会的、そして経済的に分裂した戦国時代 (日本)に突入した。
- After the Onin War (1467 - 1477), Japan entered the Sengoku period (period of warring states), and was politically, socially, and economically divided for more than 100 years.
- 淡雪(あわゆき)、淡雪羹(あわゆきかん)は、うっすら積もった淡雪に見立て、溶け出しそうな雪のように舌の上でとろける食感の和菓子である。
- A kind of Japanese confectionery, awayuki, or awayuki-kan, is likened to light snow and it has a texture like snow melting in the mouth.
- したがって、この規約上「ひやむぎ」は「うどん」に分類されており、狭義では「生麺・茹で麺タイプのひやむぎはうどんの一種」とも解釈できる。
- Therefore, according to these codes, 'hiyamugi' is classified as 'udon', and in a narrow sense it can be interpreted that 'fresh- or boiled-type hiyamugi noodles are a type of udon noodles.'
- 上記は最も発祥当初の原型に近い作り方であるが、風味やコクをつける為に「煎り米」、「鰹節」、「コンブ」などを加えて煮詰める作り方もある。
- The above is a recipe closest to that of the original form of the seasoning, but there are other recipes which include steps such as the addition of irigome (parched wheat or rice), dried bonito and kelp before reducing in order to add flavor and body to the sauce.
- 明治時代に日本に導入された油絵を「洋画」と呼ぶのに対して、油彩に依らず、それまでの日本の伝統的な技法や様式の上に育てられた絵画を指す。
- While oil painting, which was introduced to Japan in the Meiji period, is called Yo-ga (foreign style painting), Nihon-ga refers to paintings which utilize traditional Japanese techniques and styles and rather than being reliant on oil paint.
- 文明_(日本)6年(1474年)成立の古辞書『文明本節用集』に、「漿醤」に「シヤウユ」と読み仮名が振られているのが文献上の初出である。
- The Chinese characters, '漿醤' that represent soy-sauce, with readings in Kana of 'Shauyu' appeared in the old dictionary 'Bunmeibon setsuyo-shu' (a plain dictionary in Bunmei era) established in 1474, which was the oldest example in documents.
- 漢字表記の「醤油」は和製漢語で、上記「漿醤」から約100年後の『多聞院日記』永禄11年(1568年)10月25日の条に初めて登場する。
- The Chinese characters, '醤油' that represent soy-sauce, is a Japanese-Chinese word, and it made the first appearance in the article of November 24, 1568 of 'Tamonin nikki diary,' which was about 100 years later than the appearance of '漿醤' in 'Bunmeibon setsuyo-shu' stated above.
- 食品素材に対して上からかけたり、少量を浸す「つけ・かけ」用途の他、煮物の味付けにしたり、汁やたれの味の基調にしたりと、利用範囲が広い。
- Soy-sauce has a wide range of uses; putting it over food, dip a small portion of food in it, season food with it while stewing the food, making a soup or sauce from it.
- また、衛生上などの観点から現在では少なくなったが、古いスタイルの店舗では、手を拭くためのタオルが上から吊り下げられているところもある。
- Although it is getting rare recently because of consideration for hygiene, at some traditional kushikatsu bars, towels to wipe your hands with are hung from the ceilings.
- 袱紗(ふくさ)とは慶弔事に贈る金銭を包む袋(祝儀袋・不祝儀袋)が型崩れなど起こさぬように、その上にもう一度覆う小さな風呂敷の事である。
- Fukusa refers to a small cloth used to wrap the envelopes (shugi or bushugi envelopes) in which money is put for congratulations and condolences and which helps prevents damage to the envelope.
- それは一部の貸本漫画への大きな社会的な批判に始まる(白土三平の忍者武芸帳を筆頭に有害図書問題として新聞・PTAなどに取り上げられた)。
- That started with heavy social criticism toward some rental comics ('Ninja Bugeicho' by Sanpei SHIRATO and other comics were taken up as harmful books by newspapers and PTA).
- 伝統的な剣術では片膝を床につく折敷という礼法であったものが、剣道になった際新たに爪先立ちで踵の上に尻を載せる礼法が制定されたものである。
- In traditional kenjutsu (swordplay), the proper posture called orishiki was executed by kneeling down with one knee next to the other foot, but in kendo, a new posture executed by raising heels with the buttocks on them was established.
- 活動弁士(かつどうべんし)は、活動写真すなわち無声映画(サイレント映画)を上映中に、その内容を語りで表現して解説する専門の職業的解説者。
- A katsudo benshi is a Japanese professional narrator of an old motion picture, or a silent movie, who gives live narration to the audience.
- 蚊遣器(かやりき)は、蚊取り線香を燃やす際、その上や中で香を燃やすことで線香を安定して燃焼させ、灰の飛散を防いで後処理を容易にする道具。
- Kayariki (a mosquito repellent stick holder) is a device to steady a burning repellent stick and to facilitate the post-cleaning of it, keeping ashes from flying off, by burning a mosquito repellent stick in or on it.
- そのようにして製法が改良された煎茶は完成品の茶葉も青く(緑)仕上がり、それまでのもの(「黒製」ともよばれる)に対して「青製」と呼ばれた。
- Such sencha made using a revised method was created with green leaves and was called 'blue made' to distinguish it from previous ones (called 'black made').
- また地元独立系放送局のKBS京都がJリーグ全クラブで唯一ホーム全試合を地上派で中継または生中継しており、その充実度は他の追随を許さない。
- And a local independent broadcasting station, Kyoto Broadcasting System Company Limited, has been broadcasting prerecorded or live on terrestrial television all the home games of Kyoto Sanga which is the sole club that enjoys such services in all the J. League clubs, and that fulfillment is far ahead of all others.
- 几帳に用いる薄絹を「帷(かたびら)」、Tの上の部分に当たる横木を「手」、Tの縦棒に当たる柱を「足」、根元の台を「土居(つちい)」と呼ぶ。
- The diaphanous silk used in Kicho screens is called 'Katabira,' the upper sections off either side of the upper part of the 'T' are called 'arms,' the vertical uprights are called 'legs' and, the base is called the 'Tsuchii' (lit. 'on the ground').
- 「椿い餅、ナシ、柑子やうのものども、様々に筥の蓋どもにとりまぜつつあるを、若きひとびと、そぼれとり食ふ」(源氏物語若菜 (源氏物語)上)
- Young people are eating confectionery like a Tsubai-mochi, a pear and a mandarin orange mixed on the lid of a bamboo basket, frolicking.' (Wakana [Young green] chapter of The Tale of Genji) vol.1.
- また、史上の人物としては新田義貞が二刀流の使い手として有名であり、「太平記」では両手に持った太刀で矢を次々と叩き落とす場面が描かれている。
- Also, Yoshisada NITTA is a well known historical two-sword fencing expert, and the 'Taiheiki' (the Chronicle of Great Peace) describes a scene in which he continuously flicks away arrows with a sword in each hand.
- 「巻藁三年(旧制中学時代は実際に3年間的前には上がらず巻藁練習をしていた)」とも言われるほどこの練習は的前に立つ前段階で極めて重要である。
- Makiwara practice is important enough as a preliminary step before progressing to matomae to be called 'three-year makiwara practice' (under the old education system, in the junior high school, it was said that archers continued makiwara practice for three years before progressing to matomae).
- 材質は欅(ケヤキ)の木がその堅さゆえ最も多く使用されており、上部の縁に黒柿(柿の木数百本の1本の割合で存在)を使用したものが特に好まれた。
- The most common material used was Japanese zelkova for its hardness, and hibachi with a rim of kuro gaki (striped ebony from one of the hundreds of varieties of persimmon trees) were especially preferred.
- 王義之の書法を範としながらも新たな書法を生み出した小野道風をはじめ、藤原行成・藤原佐理らのよって上代風とも呼ばれる新たな書風を生み出した。
- Various writing style were produced, including a style produced by ONO no Tofu taking the writing style of Wang Xi-zhi as a model, and a style called 'Jodai style' (ancient style) produced by FUJIWARA no Yukinari, FUJIWARA no Sukemasa and others.
- この頃からは、多くの弟子たちが個別に活躍するようになり、上村松園や西山翠嶂をはじめ、西村五雲、土田麦僊、小野竹喬、池田遙邨などが活躍した。
- After that time, a lot of pupils started to work actively and individually like Shoen UEMURA, Suisho NISHIYAMA and others like Goun NISHIMURA, Bakusen TSUCHIDA, Chikkyo ONO, Yoson IKEDA.
- 散らし方に大体2通りあり、1つは上下または左右に2段に分けて散らしたもの、1つは4行または5行を扇の骨のように上を広く下を狭く書いている。
- There are two main types of chirashi-gaki, one where it is separated into upper and lower or right and left parts and the other where four or five lines are written broader in the upper part and narrower in the lower part like the bones of a fan.
- その中に「楳嶺四天王」と呼ばれる竹内栖鳳や菊池芳文、都路華香、谷口香嶠たちがおり、その他にも上村松園(楳嶺の死後は栖鳳の下で学ぶ)がいた。
- Among them there were so called 'the big four of Bairei' including Seiho TAKEUCHI, Hobun KIKUCHI, Kako TSUJI, Kokyo TANIGUCHI and also Shoen UEMURA who studied under Seiho after the death of Bairei.
- 徳川家康が桶狭間合戦後に今川氏から独立し、三河国奪還戦争のさなか、蒲郡市にある鵜殿長持の西之郡城(上ノ郷城)を忍で取る、と記載されている。
- It is described that IeyasuTOKUGAWA became independent from the Imagawa clan after the Battle of Okehazama and took over Nishinokori-jo Castle (Also known as Kaminogo-jo Castle) of Nagamochi UDONO in Gamagori City using ninja during the war for regaining Mikawa Province.
- 同じ箸文化圏の中国、韓国、東南アジアでは、皿を持って食べる行為を「路上生活者ようだ」として忌避されており、世界でも日本の食事作法は珍しい。
- This unique manner of eating in Japan is unusual in the world, even in the same cultural area where people use chopsticks for eating, such as China, Korea, and other South East Asian countries, where people recuse themselves from holding a plate to eat something because they think such manners are similar to what homeless people do on the street.
- 第11代垂仁天皇の第4皇女である倭姫命(やまとひめのみこと)が国崎を訪れた際、「お弁」と言う海人からアワビを献上されたことが由来とされる。
- The festival is believed to have originated when a fisherwoman named Oben offered abalone as a gift to Yamatohime no mikoto, the fourth Imperial Princess of the eleventh Emperor Suinin, who visited Kuzaki.
- 阿亀(おかめ)や阿多福(おかめ)などの面の輪郭を描いた紙の上に、目、口、鼻などの部品を散らし、目隠しをした者がそれを適当な位置に置いていく。
- On a piece of paper that has an outline of the face of a 'plain faced woman' or a 'moon faced woman' drawn on it, different parts of the face (such as the eyes, eyebrows, nose and mouth) are mixed up, and a blindfolded player is then supposed to pin these parts in the correct position on the blank face.
- そういう新種の酵母は、他の酵母とブレンドしたり、全国新酒鑑評会への出品酒のみに使ったりと、まだ使い方が模索されている途上にあるといってよい。
- It can be said that the way of using such new yeasts is on the way to establishment as they are used by mixing with other yeasts or only for the sake listed at Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai.
- 普通「千尋、千尋」と唱えながら髪を削いでやるのは父か兄の役目だが、紫の上と光源氏のように婚約者が手ずから明日の花嫁の髪を整える場合もあった。
- Their fathers or brothers usually took the role to trim their hair while chanting 'Chihiro, chihiro' (meaning very long); in some cases, however, a fiance trimmed his future bride's hair as Hikaru Genji did Lady Murasaki's hair.
- ことに元禄の酒株改め(1697年)は徹底的におこなわれ、このときから宝永6年(1709年)まで酒屋には運上金(うんじょうきん)も課せられた。
- Especially the revision of the sakekabu system in the Genroku era (in 1697) was implemented seriously and business tax for sake breweries had been introduced which lasted until 1709.
- 精進料理(日本・中国)、もしくは欧米では健康または宗教上の理由で肉類を食べない菜食主義者向けの、肉を模した代用食品の原料として麩が使われる。
- Fu are also used in the Buddhist cuisine (in both Japan and China) and as ingredients for meat-substitute products for vegetarians in North America and Europe who do not eat meat for health or religious reasons.
- 不安がある場合は備え付けの手すり、または右上写真のような配水管(俗称grunt bar、ただし十分な強度がある場合に限る)につかまるといい。
- If you are uncertain about your balance, you had better grip the attached handrail or the drainpipe like the one in the upper right picture (commonly called grunt bar, however, it must be strong enough).
- 提供する料理の品数を絞ることで調理の効率が上がるので、一般に個々の料理を単品で頼むより安価であることが多く、学生やサラリーマンに人気が高い。
- As limiting the variety of dishes served makes cooking more efficient, teishoku are usually cheaper than buying the dishes alone, and are therefore very popular with students and company employees.
- ただ「ふすべ茶」に関しては、岩波文庫版『南方録』注釈において「ふすべ茶の湯」とした上で「ものを燻べる(くすべる)ような粗末な茶」としている。
- However, in the notes to Iwanami paperback edition of 'Nanporoku' (tea book), 'fusube tea' is mentioned as 'Fusube Chanoyu' (fusube tea ceremony) and described as 'a poor tea just something smoked.'
- 現代の着物の着付けでは、ほとんどの場合あらかじめ腰部分を紐やコーリンベルトで縛って固定した上から帯を巻くため、帯の目的はもっぱら装飾である。
- Upon wearing contemporary kimono, the waist part is secured at first with a string or a Korin belt (elastic with plastic clips on both ends) and the obi is bound over that; so the object for wearing obi is mainly decorative.
- 放送タレントとしてのお笑い芸人(実質上は漫才・漫談・コントだが、彼らとて放送メディアで本来の芸を披露する機会は少ない)を希望する人材は多い。
- Many want to become comedian TV personalities (who are effectively stand-up, comic-chat or slapstick comedians and who likewise have little opportunity to demonstrate their art).
- しかし、大多数の落語家は上方落語協会の会員であり、天満天神繁昌亭への出演や「彦八まつり」への参加などでは事務所の枠を超えて協力し合っている。
- However, most of the storytellers who belong to the Kamigata Rakugo Association cooperate with one another regardless of their companies when they perform at the Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei Theater or when they take part in 'Hikohachi Festival.'
- 羽衣と呼ばれる衣服で空を飛ぶとされるが、この羽衣を奪われたばかりに空に帰れなくなり、地上の男性と結婚する話(羽衣伝説)などが伝えられている。
- Although they are said to fly in the sky wearing clothing called hagoromo (heavenly kimono), stories passed down about them include one about a tennyo whose hagoromo gets stolen, making her unable to return to the sky, and marries a man living on the earth (the hagoromo legend).
- もっとも、中袋の入れ方は表裏に関しては「これが正しい」というマナーは特に無く、表裏のいずれを上にして入れてもさほどマナー違反にならないという。
- However, it is also said that there are no specific rules regarding the direction that the naka-bukuro faces and you can place the naka-bukuro in any direction as you like.
- 例えば新刀最上作である堀川国広が相州上工の作を写しているが、鎌倉期の地鉄、匂い口と、慶長元和期の綺麗な新刀地鉄とでは時代の差が歴然としている。
- For instance, Kunihiro HORIKAWA who was the best new sword craftsman, imitated the work of Soshu artisans, but the difference in periods, in the iron quality and the Nioikuchi, between that in the Kamakura period and those whose iron is beautiful in the Keicho Genwa era is obvious
- 素材や料理法からはどちらとも判断がつけがたい上に、和食、洋食の両方の扱いを受けているようにも見えるもの(例 豚肉の生姜焼きとポークジンジャー)
- It is difficult to classify dishes as being nihon-ryori based on their ingredients or the cooking method used, and some dishes seem to be regarded as both wa-shoku and yo-shoku (examples: ginger-fried pork and pork ginger).
- 上製本の書物にあるページ揃えのゆるやかなカーブをつくる作業だが、これを行った後、そのままにしておくと背表紙部分の弾力によって元に戻ってしまう。
- It is a process for giving gentle curve at the edge of the paper put together in the book of a deluxe edition, but if it is left without further steps after giving the curve, the curve will disappear with the elasticity of the back part of the book cover.
- 上方では4代目桂米團治作「代書」(「代書屋」とも)、3代目桂米朝作「一文笛」、3代目林家染語楼作「青空散髪」、三田純市作「まめだ」などがある。
- Those of Kamigata include 'Scrivenery' (or 'A Scrivener') by Yonedanji KATSURA IV, 'A Little Flute' by Beicho KATSURA III, 'Outdoor Haircut' by Somegoro HAYASHIYA III and 'Baby Racoon' by Junichi MITA.
- 一覧の見方は、各小見出しごとに着用時期を、太字が名称を表わし、一番上に重ねる衣から順に表(裏)の色を書いて行き最後が単(ひとえ)のいろになる。
- In the following list, each headword represents the time for wearing, the words in bold letters represent the names, and the sequence of the following words shows the sequence of the colors from the outer cloth to the inner cloth, in the order of the color of outer material and (the color of lining), and the last single word means the color of hitoe (no lining).
- 上に被せる革筒は、もともと遠出する武家が鞘全体へ被せて汚れや損傷などを防いだ道具(表面の皺が蟇蛙に似ていたため蟇肌と呼ばれる)から始まっている。
- The leather sleeve covering the sword originates from a tool used by samurai when they traveled a long distance, used to protect the sheath from dirt and damage by placing the tool along the whole length of the sheath; the wrinkle on the surface of the tool resembles the skin of a toad, and as such it is called hikihada (skin of toad).
- ゴマダラカミキリが侵入しない施設で2年間生育されたもの以外は輸入を認めないとする内容であり、2009、2010年度の輸出が事実上不可能となった。
- The regulations prohibit the import of garden trees which have not been grown for over two years in a facility which prevents the infestation of Asian long-horned beetles and exports effectively became impossible in 2009 and 2010.
- 「萌えオム」などと称して、店員(メイド)がオムライスの上にケチャップでメッセージや絵(アスキーアート)などを書いてくれるサービスが広く見られる。
- A rice omelet is referred to as the 'Moe Omu' when the waitress (maid) writes a message or draws a picture (ASCII art) on the top with ketchup as a part of the service which has become common at these cafes.
- 院政期には源師頼を祖とする土御門流(村上源氏系)と源有仁を祖として縁戚の徳大寺実定・三条実房が完成させた花園流(閑院流系)もあったとされている。
- It is thought that there was also the Tsuchimikado School (Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) line) founded by MINAMOTO no Moroyori and the Hanazono School (the Kanin School line) founded by MINAMOTO no Arihito and perfected by his relatives Sanesada TOKUDAIJI and Sanefusa SANJO during insei period (during the period of the government by the retired Emperor).
- 盆の上で砂糖を三度ほど「研ぐ」ことが「和三盆」の名の由来になっているが、最近では製品の白さを求めて5回以上「研ぎ」と「押し舟」を行うことが多い。
- The name 'Wasanbon' is originated from 'Togi' to knead sugar on the tray about three times, but these days they often perform 'Togi' and 'Oshibune' five times or more to make the product white.
- 通常そのような上下関係がある席では、目上の者が座るまで待って座布団に座るのが一般的であるが、目上の者が遅れて来る場合は必ずしもその限りではない。
- Usually if there is a hierachical relationship in the seating arrangements, it is common to wait until the person in the place of honor or other superiors have sat before sitting down, however this may not necessarily be the case if the person is arriving late.
- 芝居茶屋の食事は芝居見物の楽しみの一つで、この日ばかりは下は庶民から上は大名に至るまで、できる限りの大判振る舞いをして各茶屋自慢の味を堪能した。
- The meals served in the theater tea rooms were part of the attraction of watching the theater and on these days people from all walks of life from commoners to feudal lords dined lavishly, enjoying the specialty cuisine of each tea room.
- しかし、戦後になると文化勲章受章者の堂本印象や上村松篁、それ以外にも中村大三郎、宇田荻邨らが活躍し、またその弟子たちが現在活躍するに至っている。
- But after the war, Insho DOMOTO and Shoko Uemura who both won Order of Culture and others like Daizaburo NAKAMURA and Tekison UDA played active roles, and their pupils are active now.
- この差異に関して「上方では浄瑠璃(文楽)が確固たる地位を築いていたので、落語が人情噺を受け持つ必然性が薄かったからだろう」と桂米朝は述べている。
- Beicho KATSURA said of this difference, 'Kamigata rakugo had little or no reason to tell sentimental stories which were dealt with by the puppet theater that was firmly established in Kamigata.'
- 兵庫県では、神戸市が率先し、都市部での農業生産と観光事業をからませて独自のワイナリーを立ち上げ、市のブランド品としての商品開発をおこなっている。
- In Hyogo Prefecture, Kobe City took the initiative in launching independent wineries by relating them to agricultural production and tourism in urban areas as well as developing city-brand products.
- 江戸期には、武蔵国豊島郡 (武蔵国)小石川村のみならず、神田上水の現・水道橋駅界隈から白山 (文京区)あたりまでを含む広い地域を指す呼称であった。
- In the Edo period, Koishikawa included areas not only around the Koishikawa Village in Toshima County, Musashi Province but also the areas from the Kanda Josui (Kanda water supply), which is the current Suidobashi Station area, to Hakusan (Bunkyo Ward).
- 面金(横金)の上から6本目と7本目の間(少年用の面では5本目と6本目の間)の位置は物見と呼ばれ、横金の間隔が他の部分よりもわずかに広くなっている。
- The space between the 6th and the 7th from the top of the mengane (yokogane (a horizontally-set metallic bar of kendo-swordmanship's mask)) (Men for a boy is between the 5th and 6th) is called Monomi and the space of yokogane is slightly wider than others.
- こうなると酒類市場の大きさは、人間の飲む能力、もっと言えば、摂取したアルコールを消費者たちの肝臓が生理的に分解するスピードをある意味で上限とする。
- Then, the size of liquor market was limited by people's ability to drink, furthermore, the speed of a consumer's liver to dissolve ingested alcohol physiologically.
- この頃から京都では、下京にあった藪内家を下流と呼び、これに対して上京の三千家をひとまとめに上流と呼ぶ習慣があり、同流儀の三家として認識されていた。
- At around this time in Kyoto, there was a custom of referring to Yabunouchi family in Shimogyo as the Shimo School and the Sansenke in Kamigyo as the Kami School, and the three households were recognized as a single school.
- これに加えて流儀内の資金管理における税法上の問題、あるいは家元代替りに際しての贈与税・相続税の負担による家伝の装束や伝書などの散逸の危険性がある。
- In addition, there is a problem in terms of the tax code in managing the school's funds as well as a risk that the Iemoto family's traditional Shozoku (costume), Densho (books on the esoterica), etc. are scattered and ultimately lost under the burden of gift and inheritance taxes imposed when there is a generational change of Iemoto.
- 最中の原型は、もち米の粉に水を入れてこねたものを蒸し、薄く延ばして円形に切りそろえたものを焼き、仕上げに砂糖をかけた、干菓子であるといわれている。
- A prototype of monaka is believed to have been dry sweets made by steaming a kneaded mixture of rice powder and water, spreading it into a round thin layer, baking it, and pouring sugar on it.
- また、東京の桂文楽 (8代目)、三遊亭金馬 (3代目)、桂小文治 (2代目)、三遊亭百生2代目らの落語家もさまざまな形で上方落語の復興に助力した。
- In Tokyo too, various efforts were made to restore Kamigata rakugo by the following rakugo storytellers: Bunraku KATSURA (VIII), Kinba SANYUTEI (III), Kobunji KATSURA (II) and Hyakusho SANYUTEI (II).
- 上質な葉を選りすぐった高価なものもあるが、格は玉露や煎茶より下位、一般に番茶や玄米茶などと同位に位置づけられ、日本茶として高級な部類のものではない。
- Although there is expensive hojicha made with high quality tea leaves, hojicha is regarded as being a lower class tea than gyokuro (refined green tea) or sencha and also is regarded as being in the same class as bancha and genmaicha (tea with roasted rice), and therefore hojicha is not a high-class Japanese tea.
- しかし、上記のようなサワーの登場と焼酎甲類の急伸が、昭和58年(1983年)から昭和60年(1985年)にかけてチューハイブームを一気に加速させた。
- However, the appearance of sour and the rapid growth of Korui shochu as above mentioned made the chuhai boom speed up from 1983 to 1985.
- ジャパンフットボールリーグ時代は西京極以外に京都市宝が池公園運動施設球技場や京都府立山城総合運動公園、皇子山陸上競技場でもホームゲームを行っていた。
- In the Japan Football League days, the club played home games not only in Nishikyogoku but also in Takaragaike Park Ball Game Ground, Kyoto Prefectural Yamashiro Comprehensive Sports Park and Ojiyama Athletic Stadium.
- - 祝儀袋を中心より少し左の方へ寄せておき左側を中に折り込み上側をたたみ、次に下側をたたみ右側を折り裏へ折り返す(左の上下に小さく三角形ができる)。
- - Place the shugibukuro in the center a little to the left of fukusa, and fold the left corner, then up, bottom, and finally the right corners to the back (you will see small triangles in the upper left and lower left).
- 歌舞伎音楽は通常、竹本を除けば下手の黒御簾の中で演奏される(下座音楽)が、所作事(歌舞伎舞踊)の場合に、舞台に山台を置き、その上で演奏することがある。
- The music for kabuki is usually played behind a black bamboo screen on the side of the stage (geza music) except for Takemoto (gidayu) or on top of the raised platform at a stage for Kabuki Dance.
- また遠くインドを起源とする「仏教・密教」(仏教と密教を別の宗教とする宗教学上の見解もある)を大陸から受け入れて、独自の仏教・密教文化を定着させてきた。
- Furthermore, 'Buddhism and/or Esoteric Buddhism' (there is an opinion that Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism are different religions from a religious scientific viewpoint) originating in India far from Japan, came down from the Continent, and Japan has established its original Buddhism or Esoteric Buddhism culture.
- ケシ粒に熱い蜜を少量ずつかけ、回転させながら目的の大きさと凹凸状の突起ができあがるまで、1週間から2週間以上の時間をかけて粒をゆっくり成長させていく。
- With rotating the pan in constant motion, shower small amount of hot syrup over poppy seeds and slowly repeat the process for over 1 to 2 weeks until konpeito has grown to the desirable size and the prongs have been formed.
- 江戸時代には、全くの平常の出仕には衣冠・直衣の下に単を用いず白小袖の上に直接袍を着たり、指貫に代えて切袴の「指袴(さしこ)」を着たりすることもあった。
- In the Edo period, they sometimes wore ho directly over shiro kosode (a kind of white underwear) without wearing hitoe under ikan or noshi, or 'sashiko' (a kind of quilted trousers) or kiri-bakama (short fringe hakama) was worn instead of sashinuki for ordinary serving.
- 古代の氏制度以来、一族の家系・家格・家祭・家業・家産・家門・家職の維持・継承が日本の上流階層特に本家・嫡流と呼ばれる家においては最も重要視されてきた。
- Ever since the clan system was established in ancient Japan, it has been deemed to be most important for those people in the upper class, especially in the families called honke (the head family) or chakuryu (the main branch of the family) to maintain and succeed for generations the line, status, rite, business, properties, kamon (family), and trade or profession of the family.
- また、足利家には大草流があり、この頃より食作法がやかましく言われるようになり、1人分の料理を膳の上に組むいわゆる「本膳の形式」による料理が形成された。
- With the Ashikaga family based on the Ogusa school, it was required to observe eating manners more strictly during this period, and the so-called 'honzen style' (the style for formal dinners), in which dishes for a person were arranged on a tray placed in front of the person, was formed.
- 「フリーピストル標的」を使用し50メートルで前装銃であれば銃種を問わない(火縄銃でなくても使用できる)「ベッテリー」も休止しているが規定上は存在する。
- A match called 'battery,' in which 'free pistol target' is used and the kinds of guns do not matter as long as they are muzzle loaders (guns other than hinawaju can also be used) and the shooting distance is 50 meters, has been halted but in the regulations, it still exists.
- - 不祝儀袋を中心より少し右の方へ寄せておき右側を中に折り込み下側をたたみ、次に上側をたたみ左側を折り裏へ折り返す(右の上下に小さく三角形ができる)。
- - Place the bushugibukuro in the center a little to the right of fukusa, and fold the right corner, then bottom, up, and the left corners to the back (you will see small triangles in the upper right and lower right).
- 年中行事障子(ねんじゅうぎょうじのそうじ)は、清涼殿の弘廂にあって、上戸(かみのと。殿上の間への出入りに利用する戸口)に向けてたてられていた障立障子。
- The screen of the annual observances is a self-standing screen which was put in Hirobisashi (broad eaves) adjacent to Seiryoden (literally 'Limpid Cool Hall,' an imperial summer palace) and faced to the Upper Door (an entrance to the courtiers' hall).
- 後半は「千鳥の部」と呼ばれることもあり、まず箏、胡弓共に千鳥の鳴き声の暗示で始まり、次第にテンポを速くし、描写から離れて純音楽的展開を見せ、盛り上がる。
- The latter half is also referred to as 'chidori no bu' (chidori section), in which both koto and kyokyu start an indication of a chirp of a chidori, gradually pick up the tempo, and show a pure musical progress to the climax departing from a depiction of a scene.
- 太平洋戦争末期には、連合国の海上封鎖と空襲、働き盛りの男性が徴兵されたことによる労働力不足のために、日本は深刻な食糧難と物資不足に見舞われることになる。
- At the end of the Pacific War, Japan suffered serious shortages of food and supplies due to sea blockades and air raids by allied nations, and a labor shortage because of the military draft of men in their most productive years.
- かつて、小便器は便器上部にあるフラッシュバルブまたは蛇口で便器を洗浄することが多かったが、不特定多数の人が直接触れて、不衛生と嫌い触りたくない人が多い。
- Formerly, as for the urinal, mostly the flush bulb or faucet at the upper part of a basin washes down the basin, but many hate to touch it because the general public touches it and it is unsanitary.
- 一般的に日本では、原材料を加工調理した食品を「料理」として位置づける傾向があるため、単に飯の上に卵をかけた卵かけご飯は「料理」ではないとする意見がある。
- In Japan, there is a tendency of positioning a food made by processing raw materials as 'dish,' and therefore some people do not accept tamago kake gohan as 'dish' because it is just rice topped with an egg.
- ただし、合併が発表される直前のリーグ戦ではサンガと対戦しており、2-3のスコアで敗れている(1998年10月24日・鹿児島県立鴨池運動公園陸上競技場)。
- However, in the league game just before the announcement of the merger, Flugels played against Sanga and lost by the score 2-3 (on October 24, 1998, in Kagoshima Prefectural Kamoike Stadium).
- フランスではこのワインとこのチーズ(に限らず他の食品でも)の相性が良い、という組み合わせを「マリアージュ」(結婚)と呼んでかまびすしく取り上げられている。
- In France, a good combination of certain wines and cheeses (as well as other food items) is called 'mariage' (marriage) and is covered to a great extent.
- そのために剪定を施したり、自然の景観に似せるために枝を針金で固定し時に屈曲させあるいは岩石の上に根を這わせたりと様々な技巧を競うのも楽しみの一つとされる。
- Therefore the branches are pruned and fixed with wire to imitate the aesthetic of nature and sometimes the roots are bent or made to creep over rocks and taking up the challenge of using a variety of techniques is part of the fun.
- 適度なやわらかさと粘度があり、これを様々な形を彫刻した木型に押し付けたり、手やへらで整形して細工を施し、着色料やクチナシなどの食用色素で彩色して仕上げる。
- Nerikiri with the appropriate degree of softness and viscosity is made by forcing the mixture into a wooden mold with various carved patterns, elaborating it by hand or with spatulas, and tinting it with food dyes such as artificial colors and gardenias.
- これは、東京オリンピックを契機に、それまで9割以上が砂利道であった市町村道にも急激にアスファルトによる舗装が広まっていったこととも関係していると思われる。
- This may be because gravel municipal roads which made up more than 90% were rapidly asphalted taking advantage of the Tokyo Olympic Games.
- なお、奈良時代の歌人である山上憶良が、『貧窮問答歌』において「糟湯酒」と書き記した歌を残しており、その頃から既に酒粕による甘酒の原型もあったことが窺える。
- As Okura YAMANOUE, a poet in the Nara period left a poem including the term 'kasuyuzake' (literally sakekasu soup sake) in his anthology 'Hinkyu-mondoka', it can be considered that amazake was already made from sakekasu at that time.
- 燧石式銃については(スナップハンス)(ミュクレット)(フリントロック)などの名称が知られ形式上の分別とされているが、その発祥は火縄銃同様明確な記録はない。
- As for the flintlocks, names such as 'snaphance,' 'muklet,' 'flintlock' and so on are known and they are said to be classified in terms describing their form, but there is no record of an origin for hinawaju.
- 日本酒の消費が表向き数字の上では右肩上がりであった昭和時代中期には、日本酒の将来をまじめに考える造り手は圧倒的な少数派であり、脚光を浴びるには至らなかった。
- In the middle of the Showa period (around 1947 to 1970) when the consumption of sake grew in number, the sake breweries who thought seriously about the future of sake were very few and were not paid any attention.
- 酒米も、大正13年(1923年)に酒米一般米と雄町を交配させ、昭和11年(1936年)に兵庫県奨励品種として登場した山田錦が鑑評会上位を占めるようになった。
- As to the rice for sake brewing, Yamadanishiki, which was crossed between general-purpose rice and Omachi in 1923 and designated as a recommendable variety by Hyogo Prefecture in 1936, topped the list in kanpyokai.
- 一般的な製法は、蒸したもち米に同量以上のみりんを加えてかき混ぜるか、蒸したもち米に焼酎と米麹を加えるなどして仕込んでおいたものを、数週間後に臼で引きおろす。
- It is usually made by adding the equivalent or greater quantity of sweet cooking sake (mirin) to steamed mochi-gome (glutinous rice) and mixing, or adding shochu (distilled spirit) and malted rice to steamed mochi rice and leaving it to ferment for a few weeks and then grinding with a mortar.
- これが後に円座(イグサや藁を綱とし、円形・渦巻状に編み上げた物)のような持ち運びに簡便な道具に代わり、江戸時代中期に布の袋に綿を入れる様式となったとされる。
- These subsequently evolved into round portable cushions woven from rush or straw into round spiral shapes and then in the middle of the Edo Period zabuton made from cotton stuffed into material bags were created.
- 様々な理由で富士詣が出来ない人々のために神社などにおいて富士塚と呼ばれる縮小版の富士山に見立てた小山が作られ、頂上には実際と同じく鳥居や祠などが設けられた。
- For the sake of those who could not visit Mt. Fuji for various reasons, a mound of dirt called Fujizuka, a miniature of Mt. Fuji, was made in shrines, and so on, and torii and hokora (a small shrine) were built on top of the Fujizuka Mound, just as on the actual mountain.
- 家や家族の様々な幸福や厄除けを願う物であり、角材に祝上棟などと書き込み紅白の古式折り紙や紙製の扇、金箔や銀箔またはそれらに代わる金、銀紙などで装飾された物。
- It is square timber inscribed with the words such as celebration for roof-laying, decorated with old style origami in red and white, a paper fan, gold and silver leaves or their substitute (gold or silver paper), and is used to pray for various forms of happiness and protection against evils, in connection with the house and the family.
- 世阿弥の著書は本来、「道のため、家のため」(『風姿花伝』)に記された秘伝の書であり、室町時代から江戸時代の間、実に400年以上人の目に触れることはなかった。
- Zeami's books were originally the books of inherited secret teaching written 'for the art of Noh and for the family' ('Fushikaden'), and the books did not meet the people's eyes for even more than 400 years.
- 飲料そのものの「味」よりも、それを「所有すること」に価値を置いたバブル期の日本人は、「文化的でオシャレで上等な飲み物」ワインを購入することに狂奔したのである。
- The Japanese who put more value on 'owning' rather than the 'taste' of the beverage itself in the bubble period made desperate efforts to buy wine which was 'cultural, stylish and high graded' beverage.
- 現在では、火災が発生したときに人が登って火事現場の位置を確認するとともに、上部に設置された半鐘をたたいて音で火事の発生を知らせるための建物として使われている。
- When a fire occurs, nowadays, people go up a fire watchtower to check the location of the fire scene, and the watchtower is also used to let other people know the occurrence of the fire by ringing a fire bell which is installed on the top of the watchtower.
- 表面の塗りは色調・仕上げ方法共に多種多様であるが、黒(呂色、ろいろ)または濃茶色(溜色、ためいろ)に塗り、磨きをかけて光沢を出したものが最も多く作られている。
- The surface coating of the dodai has a wide variety in both the color tone and the finishing method and many are painted in black (roiro: black japan) or dark brown (tameiro) and given a luster by brushing it up.
- 日本の法律、公文書等には日本語が用いられており、日本語が公用語である(裁判所法第74条に裁判では日本語を使うことが規定されているほかは、法律上の明文はない)。
- The Japanese language is used in Japanese laws and official documents, and is the official language (Courts Law, Art. 74 stipulates the use of the Japanese language in trials, but there is no other express provisions statutorily).
- 2000年代以降は同人誌や2次創作、アンソロジー、ウェブコミック(ウェブ漫画、インターネット上で公開する漫画)の文化も更に発展し、更に漫画誌の数も増え続けた。
- Since the 2000s, the culture of dojinshi (publication aimed at a particular hobby group), derivative work, anthology and web comic (a comic published on the Internet) developed further and the number of comic magazines continued to increase.
- 上述の黒船来航以来忍者の存在は忘れられていたが、1950年代後半より、小説や時代劇等に忍者が取り上げられるようになり、再び日本人の間で認知されるようになった。
- Since the said arrival of Kurofune, the existence of ninja had been forgotten, but ninja started to be featured in novels and period dramas from late 1950 and they have come to be recognized among Japanese again.
- 宗教意識が薄れている現代にあって、葬式は、特に宗教上の信念があってキリスト教式、神道式で行われる場合を除けば、仏教の形式を用いる仏式葬儀が行なわれることが多い。
- In the modern age when the sense of religion fades, the Buddhist ritual funeral service in the form of Buddhism is often held for as a funeral ceremony, except for the special case of holding a Christian or Shinto ritual funeral service in accordance with religious beliefs.
- ただし現在では、実際に個別のおにぎりが詰められている場合は少なく、型押しをして俵型に見せていることが多く、白飯の上に黒胡麻や海苔や佃煮などを散らしたものもある。
- Recently, Makunouchi-bento with real rice balls are rarities, as they usually have white rice embossed with a barrel-like shape and sometimes sprinkled with black sesame, dried seaweed or tsukudani (small fish, shellfish, konbu, etc. boiled in sweetened soy sauce) and so on.
- 日本の便器メーカーは海外でも積極的に販売を行っており、最も日本のメーカーの便器が販売される国は中華人民共和国であり、TOTOだけで毎年100万台以上販売される。
- Japanese toilet basin manufacturers are aggressively conducting sales also in the foreign countries and the country where Japanese manufacturers' toilet basins sell the most is the People's Republic of China, and sales by TOTO LTD. total more than one million units every year.
- これを嫌う人は、炊き上がった後炊飯器でしばらく保温され粗熱の取れた飯を使うか、飯を茶碗によそって窪みを作ってからある程度冷めるまで時間を置いたものを使うとよい。
- If you do not like the half-boiled state, use rice slightly cooled by being kept warm in a rice cooker for some time after the rice has been steamed, or leave the rice as served in a rice bowl with a pit formed in it until it is cooled to a certain degree.
- ただし、彩色下絵の青色や墨の部分の上に字を書く場合は、墨書の上を金泥でなぞったり、1字を半分ずつ金泥と墨とで書き分けたりするなど、手のこんだ書写がなされている。
- They were, however, of elaborate craftsmanship in that when the characters were written on a blue or black background, they were traced with kindei (gold paint) or half a character was written in kindei and the other half in black ink.
- 『古事記』には応神天皇(『新撰姓氏録』によれば仁徳天皇)の御世に来朝した百済人の須須許里(すすこり)が大御酒(おおみき)を醸造して天皇に献上したという記述がある。
- In 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters), there is a description that Susukori, a man coming from Baekje in the era of the Emperor Ojin (according to 'Shinsen Shojiroku' [Newly Compiled Register of Clan Names and Titles of Nobility], the Emperor Nintoku), brewed omiki (sacred sake) and presented it to the Emperor.
- 一般には漬け上げた後は飯を除き、魚だけを食べるとされるが、地元ではペースト状に発酵した飯ごと食べる人も多いため、フナの身に付いたものの取り除き具合には注意がいる。
- Generally, it is said that, when funa-zushi is ready, the rice is removed and only the fish is eaten but since many local residents eat the fish together with the fermented rice of paste-like consistency, one needs to be careful as to how much rice should be taken off the fish.
- 10枚重ねた上に座っても倒れてしまうことがないよう、この座布団には薄めでしかも重めに特注したもの(中綿が通常の倍近く詰められ、さらに小さな座布団を1枚入れている。
- In order to prevent the storyteller sitting on ten zabuton from falling over, the zabuton are specially made and are thin but heavy, with nearly twice the amount of cotton stuffing as well as another smaller zabuton inside.
- なお鎌倉時代では茵(しとね)と呼ばれる小さな正方形の薄畳の周辺を飾り布で覆った物(今日でも百人一首の絵札に描かれた図の上でこれを見る事ができる)が用いられていた。
- In the Kamakura Period a small square cushion called a shitone made of tatami and covered with decorative material was used; and pictures of this can be seen today in the picture cards used in the card game called Hyakunin Isshu.
- 「幾夜寝覚めぬ須磨の関守」で次第に早くなり、間奏部で最後の盛り上がりを見せ、もう一度「幾夜寝覚めぬ」が一回目とは違う旋律で現れ、「須磨の関守」でしだいに静かになる。
- Gradually picking up the tempo in the section of 'ikuyo nesamenu suma no sekimori,' the final climax is played at an intermezzo, 'ikuyo nesamenu' appears again on a melody different from the first time, and then the sound gradually becomes in 'suma no sekimori.'
- それが風呂敷と呼ばれるようになったのは室町時代末期に大名が風呂に入る際に平包を広げその上で脱衣などして服を包んだ、あるいは足拭きにしたなどの説があるが明確ではない。
- There are explanations why it came to be called Furoshiki, including one which indicates it came from the fact that, in the end of the Muromachi period, Daimyo (feudal lord), at the time of bathing, undressed on a Hiratsutsumi spread out and wrapped his clothes with it, or wiped his feet with it, but it is uncertain.
- 酒税法を守らせる立場の監督官庁ですら「建前を言っている場合ではない」と、醪を腐造から守るために率先して法定上限をはるかに超えるアルコール添加をおこなっていたという。
- It is said that even the regulatory authorities which were responsible for making them follow the Liquor Tax Act said that 'it is no use insisting public position' and took the initiative to add more alcohol than the legal highest limit in order to preserve moromi from putrefaction.
- 『新撰姓氏録』によれば、この献上を行なったのは兄曽曽保利と妹曽曽保利の二人ということになっており、この二人を酒の神として祀る神社もある(参照:日本酒に関する施設)。
- According to 'Shinsen Shojiroku,' the brother and sister of Sosohori presented this and some shrines enshrine these two people as gods of liquor (see the section of institutions related with sake).
- 萬歳は太夫(たゆう)と才蔵(さいぞう)の2人が1組となるものが基本となるが、門(かど)付けではなく座敷などで披露されるものは3人以上から、多いもので十数人の組となる。
- In manzai, a pair of performers called 'tayu' and 'saizo' is a basic unit, but in performances not in front of houses, but in 'zashiki' (parlor), the number of performers are from more than three to up to a dozen.
- 家の芸(いえの げい)とは、能・狂言・浄瑠璃・歌舞伎・歌舞伎舞踊・上方舞などの伝統芸能において、家元とみなされる家に代々相伝する、その家が特に得意としている芸や演目。
- Ie No Gei (literally, performance of a family) means performances or repertories of traditional performing arts such as Noh, Kyogen (farce played during a Noh play cycle), Joruri (Ballad drama), Kabuki, Kabuki Buyo (Kabuki Dance) and Kamigata mai dance, which have been passed down by the family recognized as the iemoto (the head family of a school) for generations, and especially the family has a good skill to perform them.
- これは、醤油価格が低迷している上、大手メーカーの地方進出に加え、副製産物の廃棄コストや設備の維持費高騰のため、地方の零細・小規模メーカーが廃業を続けているためである。
- In the context of this, the price of soy-sauce is low and unstable, big manufacturers entered the markets in local regions, and the disposal cost of subsidiary products, and maintenance fee soared; small and tiny companies in the local regions have been closing their business.
- 便器は重く嵩張るため、製造コストが安い中国などの発展途上国からの輸送では引き合わず日本市場はほぼ国内メーカーで占められ、将来的にもこの傾向は変わらないとみられている。
- As the toilet basin is heavy and bulky, the transportation from the developing countries such as China and so on whose production costs are cheap is out of proportion to the benefit and thus the Japanese market is mostly dominated by home manufacturers and this tendency is expected to continue in the future.
- だから、ちょうど現代の中央銀行が公定歩合を上げ下げして景気をコントロールしようとするのと同じで、そのときどきの米相場や食糧事情によって、幕府は酒造を統制したのであった。
- The bakufu controlled sake brewing based on the market price of rice and the food situation of the time, as current central banks control the economy by changing the official interest rate.
- 六幅は、火災が多かった江戸において、寝具の下に敷き、火事などの災害発生時に寝具の上に家財道具を放り投げ、一切合財をそのまま風呂敷に包んで逃げるために使われていたという。
- It is said that people in Edo where fires frequently occurred made it a practice to keep a Muhaba-size Furoshiki spread out under their bedding to prepare for throwing their furniture and household goods onto the bedding, wrapping up anything and everything as they were in the Furoshiki and escaping the fire when it occurred.
- 幇間(ほうかん、または、たいこ、とも読む。)は、宴席やお座敷などの酒席において主や客の機嫌をとり、自ら芸を見せ、さらに芸者・舞妓を助けて場を盛り上げる男性の職業をいう。
- Hokan (also called Taiko) is a profession of a man who indulges hosts and guests at a drinking party such as a banquet or ozashiki (banquets in which guests are attended by geisha), does performances himself, and helps geisha (Japanese professional female entertainers at drinking party) and maiko (apprentice geisha) to set the groove.
- 縦の辺が約25.5センチメートル、上弦幅約49.5センチメートル、下弦幅約19センチメートルの夏扇(蝙蝠扇)の料紙を粘葉装(でっちょうそう)の冊子に仕立てたものである。
- Each ryoshi is a natsu-ogi or Kawahori-ogi folding fan with a side edge of about 25.5cm, an upper arc of about 49.5cm and a lower arc of about 19cm, and the booklets are bound in a style known as deccho-so.
- 今日では普通に使用されている、演者の名前を書いた名ビラやそれを掲げておく台のメクリは明治時代まで、出囃子 (落語)は昭和初期まで、上方の寄席でしか使用されていなかった。
- Nabira' on which a performer's name is written and 'mekuri' which is a stand that supports the nabira were only used in Kamigata until the Meiji period, though they are commonly used today; likewise nowadays common 'debayashi' (music played when a performer appears on stage) was exclusive to Kamigata until the early Showa period.
- 大隅国(今の鹿児島県東部)では村中の男女が水と米を用意して生米を噛んでは容器に吐き戻し、一晩以上の時間をおいて酒の香りがし始めたら全員で飲む風習があることが記されている。
- There is a description about a custom in Osumi Province (present eastern area of the Kagoshima Prefecture) that all men and women prepared water and rice, chewed uncooked rice and regurgitated it to containers, and that after it began to smell of alcohol more than one night later, all of them drank it.
- 原料に丸大豆を使用する場合、仕込工程の説明のように、丸大豆には未処理の油脂が大量に含まれているため、これらの油分は仕込工程中に分離して、諸味の上に浮かんで油脂の層を作る。
- When whole soybeans are used as raw materials, many unprocessed fats from them are separated during the preparation process, and float over moromi making a fat film as it was prescribed in the paragraph of the preparation process.
- 和三盆は精糖の作業が複雑な上、寒冷時にしか作ることが出来ず、白下糖から和三盆を作ると全量の4割程度に目減りし、途中で原料の追加もできないため、砂糖としては最も高価である。
- Wasanbon is the most expensive sugar because of the following reasons: the sugar refining process is complicated; it can only be produced during the cold months; the total volume decreases to about 40% after making Wasanbon out of Shiroshita-to; and it is not possible to add raw material in the middle of the process.
- 同じ大きさの円 (数学)の円周を四分の一ずつ重ねて繋いだ文様、または四つの楕円を円形につなぎ合わせ、楕円の内径線が延長線上で再び円形になるよう互い違いに組み合わされた文様
- A pattern by overlapped each quarter line of the same-sized circle, or by connecting four ellipses in circle and putting their inner line together alternately to form another circle in their extension.
- 今日では動物性脂肪の旨みが広く知られるようになったことと、保存・輸送技術が向上したため新鮮でおいしいトロが食べられるようになり、トロといえば高級品といったイメージがある。
- These days, however, due to the wide acceptance of animal fat as delicious food and improvement in preservation and transportation technologies, fresh and delicious Toro has become available, and people consider Toro as luxury food.
- この射撃手・助手を分業する射撃運用法を烏渡しの法と上杉流軍学では称したと伝えられ、また後世紀州徳川家においては薬込役という、御庭番の前身である職名にその痕跡を残している。
- In military science of Uesugi-ryu school, this shooting method, dividing the labor into shooters and assistants is said to have been called the way of Karasu-watashi (crow handing) and in future generations, in the Kishu Tokugawa family, the job title of kusurikomeyaku (a gunpowder charger), the predecessor of Oniwaban (the shogunate's guard of the inner garden), retains a trace of it.
- 1999年(平成11年)から2000年(平成12年)にかけて、上方落語協会は浪曲親友協会などと共に、大阪に東京同様の国立演芸場の開設を求めて文化庁などに働きかけを行った。
- From 1999 to 2000 the Kamigata Rakugo Association and the Friends of Rokyoku lobbied the Agency for Cultural Affairs for the establishment of a national engei hall in Osaka as in Tokyo.
- 近的の場合、的は射位(射手が矢を射る位置・体の正中)から28メートル離れた安土上に、中心が(射場の床と水平な)地上27センチメートルで後方に5度 (角度)傾けて設置する。
- In kinteki, a mato should be placed against an azuchi (target bank) which is 28 meters away from the shai (the position at where a player shoots an arrow, and it should be at the center of the body) at a 5-degree angle backward, and its center should be 27 centimeters above the ground (it has to be level with the archery ground).
- 昭和20年代ごろまで安全醸造が日本酒造りにおける至上命題となっていたころ、腐造した酒を審査で落とす目安として、全国新酒鑑評会で色のついた完成酒を減点するという時代があった。
- During the period when safe brewing was an absolute must in sake brewing until the 20s of the Showa period (around 1946), a colored sake had points deducted at the Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai as a guide to eliminate the sake of putrefaction.
- 酒造法としては、掛米だけに白米を使う従来の片白(かたはく)に加えて、新しく掛米と麹米の両方に使う諸白(もろはく)の製法が現れて、その上品な味わいが人気を集めるようになった。
- As to the method of sake brewing, in addition to the conventional katahaku using polished white rice for only kakemai, morohaku using for both kakemai and kojimai appeared and its elegant flavor became popular.
- 特に焼き魚・玉子焼き・蒲鉾(以上の3つを総称して幕の内弁当三種の神器とも)・揚げ物・漬物・煮物は大半の幕の内弁当に入れられており、幕の内弁当の代表的なおかずであるといえる。
- In particular, broiled fish, a Japanese style omelet, kamaboko or fish sausage (the above together are sometimes called the three sacred imperial treasures of Makunouchi-bento), deep-fried food, Japanese pickles and boiled and seasoned food can be seen in many Makunouchi-bento as they are the typical accompanying dishes of Makunouchi-bento.
- 卵の輸入制限は各国の国内鶏卵業者への保護を目的とする他にも鶏卵が有する各種細菌がもつ食品衛生上の観点からも重視されており、各国で輸入規制対象物品に指定されていることが多い。
- Import restriction of eggs is counted not only for the purpose of protection of domestic poultry farmers but also in view of food hygiene based on various bacteria included in eggs, and therefore many countries specify it as prohibited imports.
- だが、家を保持継承するためには稽古を積み重ねて各分野における固有の「型」を習得する必要があり、その上で1代に1人もしくは少数にしか伝えられない口伝を伝授される必要があった。
- But to maintain and inherit such a family it was necessary to practice hard and master the specific 'Kata (form)' in the field and the 'Kata' was taught orally to one person or only a few people of a generation.
- 柱焼酎(はしらじょうちゅう)とは、江戸時代初期に存在した日本酒の伝統的製法用語の一つで、焼酎や粕取り焼酎を、醸造する日本酒の日本酒醪や日本酒上槽した新酒に加える技法のこと。
- 'Hashira-jochu' was one of the terms used for traditional manufacturing methods of sake (Japanese rice wine) that existed in the beginning of the Edo Period, which is to add shochu (distilled spirit) or kasudori-shochu (shochu made from sake lees) to moromi (unrefined sake) or newly brewed sake after separation from lees by applying pressure.
- 髪、眉、目、唇、髭に僅かに彩色を施し、衣の部分の素地上には全体に亘り立涌、麻の葉、斜格子、鱗、唐草、亀甲、四ツ目七宝、団花などの截金文様が施され華やかな風合いを放っている。
- Colors are used for the hair, eyebrows, eyes, lips and beards, and on the base of the whole robe, the tachiwaku, asa no ha, slanting lattice, uroko, karakusa, kikko, yotsume-shippo and danka patterns, and so on, in the kirikane technique provide a glamorous texture.
- 井上は昭和8年に没し、翌9年に井上の弟子金子有鄰が細川護立侯爵(当時の細川家当主)の許しを得て、細川侯・熊本県知事立会のもと、「三十四代武田流弓馬軍礼故実司家」を相伝した。
- In 1933 Inoue died, and in 1934, his disciple Yurin KANEKO obtained the permission from Marquis Morihisa HOSOKAWA (a head of the Hosokawa family at the time) and inherited 'the 34th tsukasake family of Takeda Kyuba-gunrei Kojitsu' in witness whereof Marquis HOSOKAWA and the governor of Kumamoto Prefecture.
- 再拝ののち、立ちながら腰以上を左に向け、両手を左にのばして袖をあわせ、さらにこれを右または左に向け、またひざまづいて左膝を地につけ、同様のことをおこなったものであるという。
- After bowing twice, while standing, turn your upper body to the left stretching both your arms out to the left with sleeves together, turn right and left maintaining the same posture, then kneel down on your left knee and do the same.
- 福井県をはじめとして、大阪府(能勢町周辺)京都府(亀岡市周辺)、石川県(輪島市周辺)、新潟県(上越市周辺)、山形県(鶴岡市周辺)、栃木県(日光市周辺)などでは主に冬に食べる。
- However, mizu-yokan is mostly eaten in winter in places like Fukui Prefecture, Osaka Prefecture (in the Nose-cho area), Kyoto Prefecture (in the Kameoka City area), Ishikawa Prefecture (in the Wajima City area), Niigata Prefecture (in the Joetsu City area), Yamagata Prefecture (in the Tsuruoka City area), and Tochigi Prefecture (in the Nikko City area).
- バリエーションとして、茶碗蒸しの具にうどんを加えたものを小田巻き(苧環)蒸し(うどんおだまきうどん)、具に豆腐を使い、蒸しあげた後に上から葛あんをかけたものを空也蒸しという。
- There are two variations of Chawan-mushi: Odamaki-mushi, a traditional egg custard dish on a base of udon noodles (Japanese wheat noodle) mixed with ingredients of Chawan-mushi, and Kuyamushi (steamed egg custard with tofu (bean curd) in it) on which kuzu paste sauce (a sweet sauce whose main ingredient is arrowroot starch seasoned with soy sauce and sugar) is poured after it is steamed.
- そのため、アマチュアでありながらネット上で多数のファンを獲得し、その実力を買われてゲーム原画師や漫画家、イラストレーターとして採用される、逆転現象といえる事例も多く発生した。
- Consequently, there have been many cases of a so-called opposite phenomenon whereby some amateurs are appreciated and engaged as video game lead animators, cartoonists, or as illustrators, according to the reality that they have obtained a large number of fans through websites.
- 後に、家内安全を祈願する幣串と同じように、家の鬼を祓う魔除けとして上棟式に小屋組に奉納される神祭具の事で、近年では破魔矢・破魔弓ともに神社などの厄除けの縁起物として知られる。
- Later they became shinsaigu (equipment used in rituals) which were dedicated in koyagumi (roof truss or framework) at the time of Jotoshiki (the roof-laying ceremony) as an amulet against Devils, just like heigoshi used to pray for safety of the family, and these days, along with hamaya and hamayumi, they are known as lucky charm against evils offered in shrines.
- 戦前まで東京都台東区下谷元黒門町(現在の上野池之端)にあった老舗料理屋「揚出し」は、朝早くから揚げ出し豆腐を供し、風呂にも入れるということで吉原(東京都)帰りの客に有名だった。
- The long-established restaurant called 'Agedashi' located in Motokuromon-cho, Shitaya, Taito Ward, Tokyo (present-day Ueno Ikenohata) before the war, was very popular among Yoshiwara customers (Yoshiwara: a red-light district in Edo, present-day Tokyo) because Agedashi dofu was served early in the morning, and bathing was available for all guests.
- 南都諸白(なんともろはく)とは、平安時代中期から室町時代末期にかけて、もっとも上質で高級な日本酒として名声を揺るぎなく保った、奈良(南都)の寺院で諸白でつくられた僧坊酒の総称。
- 'Nanto moro-haku' was the general term for several kinds of 'soboshu' (monk's sake) produced with 'moro-haku' (sake brewed using polished rice both for the mold-cultivated rice and for the steamed rice) at temples in Nara (also called 'Nanto' [southern capital]), which firmly kept its reputation as the sake of the highest quality and grade from the middle of the Heian period to the end of the Muromachi period.
- 1995年には漫画雑誌の販売金額が3557億円、単行本の販売金額が2507億円であったが、漫画雑誌の売上は減少が続き、2005年には漫画雑誌の販売金額が単行本の金額を下回った。
- In 1995, the sales of comic magazines and comic books were 355.7 billion yen and 250.7 billion yen, respectively, but the sales of comic magazines have been decreasing and the sales in 2005 was below that of comic book.
- 旧暦10月の亥の日の夕方から夜にかけて、地区の子供たち(男子のみの場合もある)が集まり一軒一軒を巡って、歌を歌いながら平たく丸いもしくは球形の石に繋いだ縄を上下させて地面を搗く。
- From the evening to the night on the day of boar in October in the old calendar, children (sometimes all are boys) in the area get together, and visit houses one by one, singing a song, and swinging a rope connected onto a flat round stone or globular shape stone up and down, pounding the ground with the stone.
- 地域によって様々な違いがあるが、2~6名程度の人間が乗り込んで内部の太鼓を叩き、その太鼓の音に合わせて掛け声をかけ、数十人~百人以上で担ぎ上げ、練り歩くという形式は共通している。
- The taikodai shows a wide regional variation in the form and the style, but has a common style that two to six men get into the taikodai and beat the drum placed in it, providing the rhythm that guides dozens to more than one hundred men below who shoulder the taikodai and parade through their parishes, shouting a call synchronized exactly with the drum beat.
- 村上天皇の時代、河内国のひと石川悪右衛門は妻の病気をなおすため、兄の蘆屋道満の占いによって、和泉国和泉郡の信太村の森(現在の大阪府和泉市)に行き、野キツネの生き肝を得ようとする。
- In the reign of the Emperor Murakami, Akuemon ISHIKAWA in Kawachi Province, following the divination by his brother, Doman ASHIYA, to cure his ailing wife, goes to Shinoda forest of Izumi County in Izumi Province (present Izumi City, Osaka Prefecture) and tries to get a fresh liver of a wild fox.
- 鑑賞される石は例えば、山景や海上の岩の姿を連想できる、山形石、遠山石、岩潟石、滝石など(後述)や、菊花石や虎石などの模様の珍しい紋石や、形の面白い姿石、色彩の美しい石などである。
- Stones for viewing are as follows: stones reminiscent of mountain rocks or rocks on the sea including Yamagata-ishi, Toyama-ishi, Iwagata-ishi and Taki-ishi (mentioned later); exotic figured stones including Kikuka-seki and Tora-ishi; funny shaped Sugata-ishi; stones of beautiful colors and so on.
- 平成以降は一般家庭での正月の遊びとしては廃れ気味となったが、パソコンやウェブ上で遊ぶ福笑いソフトなどが登場したほか、自治体などが執り行う新春行事としては変わらず恒例のものといえる。
- From approximately the start of the Heisei period, the game has fallen out of favor as a game played by families on New Year's day; however, Fukuwarai computer games and web-based versions have appeared, and local governments and the like continue to include the game in festivities celebrating the New Year.
- 江戸時代初頭、湯を張って入浴に供する商売:銭湯が誕生したが、元禄時代頃から江戸や上方の町では銭湯が盛んになり、庶民も衣類や入浴用具を「平裹(平包)」に包み持って銭湯に出かけている。
- In the early Edo period, sento, a business to provide bathtubs filled with warm water, started and around the Genroku era, sento became popular in the towns of Edo and Kamigata (Kyoto and Osaka area), where the common people went to sento carrying their clothes and items used for bathing wrapped up in 'Hiratsutsumi.'
- また泡あり酵母を用いた場合は、一時的とはいえ泡のためにそのはるか上を行く容積までに見かけ上は膨張するので、それを初めから計算に入れた上で仕込みタンクの大きさを決めなくてはならない。
- The size of fermentation tank should be decided considering that the volume of the product expands even more temporarily due to bubbles, when using the bubble-forming yeast.
- かりんとうは、小麦粉を砂糖・水・酵母や、食塩、重曹などと共に練り合わせ、棒状に成形してつくった生地を植物油で揚げ、黒砂糖や上白糖でつくった蜜でからめて乾燥させた駄菓子の一種である。
- Karinto is a type of sweets and the recipe is as follows: Knead wheat flour together with other ingredients such as sugar, water, yeast, salt and baking soda into a ball of dough, fry the dough rolled into a long thin stick in vegetable oil, coat with syrup made from brown sugar or superfine sugar and dry.
- A類は雲母(きら)引き下地の上に彩色したもの、B類は木版墨摺りの下絵に雲母引きを施し、彩色したもの、C類は雲母引きに金銀の箔を散らしたうえで木版で下絵を墨摺りし彩色したものである。
- Class A is color applied to a mica solution undercoat; Class B is mica solution applied to black ink woodblock prints and then colors added; and Class C is gold and silver leaf scattered on mica, then black ink woodblock prints are added and colored.
- 上方で熊五郎、八五郎の名が登場するのは「らくだ」「へっつい幽霊」に「脳天の熊五郎」(「らくだ」では「弥猛(ヤタケタ)の熊五郎」とも)、「八五郎坊主」に「八五郎」があるくらいである。
- In Kamigata Kumagoro and Hachigoro appear only in 'Camel' (where Kumagoro is called 'Impatient Kumagoro), 'Ghost in the Kitchen Stove,' 'Easygoing Kumagoro,' 'Hachigoro the Monk,' and 'Hachigoro.'
- 箏にいまだ開拓の余地があることに注目し、これ以上進む余地の少なくなりつつあった三味線から離れた、箏のみの音楽を再び作り出したことは特に重要で、これは後の邦楽の新たな方向付けとなった。
- He paid attention to this and composed music only for koto again, instead of shamisen that had no room to develop any more, which was very important and oriented the new direction of later traditional Japanese music.
- 干し柿に用いられる渋柿の主な品種には、市田柿(長野県伊那谷(伊那盆地)産)や紅柿(山形県上山市原産)、堂上蜂屋(岐阜県美濃国原産)、三社柿(富山県福光町)、甲州百目などが挙げられる。
- The major cultivars of astringent persimmons used for Hoshigaki include Ichidagaki (from Inadani [Ina Basin], Nagano Prefecture), Benigaki (originally from Kaminoyama City, Yamagata Prefecture), Dojohachiya (originally from Mino area, Gifu Prefecture), Sanjagaki (Fukumitsu-machi, Toyama Prefecture) and Koshu-hyakume.
- 灰持酒は酒税法上の品目は雑酒であるが、酒税法3条21号の「みりんに類似する酒類として政令で定めるもの」に該当しみりんと同額の課税(1キロリットル当たり2万円)の軽減税率を受けている。
- Akumochizake is classified as 'other liquor' under Japan's Liquor Tax Act however it is considered a 'liquor designated as a type of sake similar to mirin' in Article 3-21 of the Liquor Tax Act and is subject to the same reduced tax rate as mirin which is 20,000 yen per kiloliter.
- だが、日本製の火縄銃は極めて高精度にできているため、そんな環境ながら日本の選手は国際大会で上位入賞することが多く、欧米の多くの選手も火縄銃種目では日本製の火縄銃を使って参加している。
- However, hinawaju made in Japan has a high-precision and thus, although the number of players is small, Japanese players often achieve a high ranking in international competition and many players from Europe and America also use hinawaju made in Japan in the hinawaju event.
- 例えば日向国では、焼酎を入れた、日向燗徳利(ひゅうがちろり)と呼ばれる、素焼きで作られた酒器やスズで作られた酒器を、囲炉裏(いろり)にさして燗を行った上で、焼酎を飲んでいたのである。
- For example in Hyuga Province, people used to enjoy warmed shochu by placing a vessel unglazed or made of tin called 'Hyuga chirori' into irori fireplace (open hearth).
- しかし、表面的に大きく変化していても、その中に一貫する極めて日本的な要素や傾向を指摘できる面もある(例:住居が和風の座敷から洋間に変わっても、室内に靴を脱いで上がる点では変わらない)。
- However, even though it changed drastically on a superficial level, the Japanese traditional culture has an aspect of being able to point out very Japanese coherent elements and trends (e.g. even if rooms in the house changed from zashiki (Japanese style tatami room) to a Western-style room, the custom of taking off shoes when entering a house is not changed).
- 長さを大太刀に近い長さにした素振り用の木刀や、天然理心流剣術のように長さは変えず、通常の真剣以上の重さにし、太く作る事で、正確な手の内を鍛える事等を目的とした、鍛錬用の木刀も存在する。
- There are additionally training bokuto for suburi that are made longer so as to be of similar length to odachi (long swords), as well as ones, such as those used by the Tennen-rishin school, for practicing the correct hand position and so on that are not lengthened, but weigh more and are fatter than normal shinken (real swords).
- 中でも30年以上前から記念文字手彫りサービスを行っている洞爺湖の「越後屋デパート」では、漫画『銀魂』の主人公「坂田銀時」がその柄に洞爺湖と彫られた木刀で戦うストーリーで人気が集まった。
- Above all, the 'Echigo-ya Department Store' at Toya-ko Lake that has been offering the service of hand-engraving memorial inscriptions for more than 30 years has become popular because of a story in the manga 'Gintama' (Silver Soul), in which the main character 'Gintoki SAKATA' fights with a bokuto whose hilt is engraved with the name of Toya-ko Lake.
- 摂津国東生郡の安倍野王子(現在の大阪府大阪市阿倍野区)に住んでいた安倍保名(伝説上の人物とされる)が信太の森を訪れた際、狩人に追われていた白狐を助けてやるが、その際にけがをしてしまう。
- When ABE no Yasuna (a legendary figure) in Abeno Oji of Higashinari County in Settsu Province (present Abeno Ward, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture) visits Shinoda forest, he saves a fox that is being chased by a hunter and gets injured.
- その上に日本料理とよく似た調理過程を経て作る焼物・煮物・炒め物も多く、また日韓併合時代に伝播したうどんやおでん、寿司風のおにぎり(キムバプ)、味噌汁、沢庵漬けなどもいまだ食されている。
- In addition, many grilled foods, boiled, and seasoned foods, and stir-fried dishes, cooked in ways quite similar to cooking nihon-ryori dishes, are also eaten, and the udon (Japanese wheat noodles), oden (a Japanese dish containing all kinds of ingredients cooked in a special broth of soy sauce, sugar, sake, etc.), sushi-style rice balls (kimbap), miso soup and Takuanzuke (yellow pickled radish), all of which were brought into Korea in the era when Japan annexed Korea, are still eaten there.
- また、平城宮跡の発掘では安房国より長さ4尺5寸(約1.5m)のアワビが献上されたことを示す木簡が出土している(安房国がアワビの産地であったことは、『延喜式』主計寮式にも記されている)。
- In an excavation of the Heijo Palace Site in Nara, wooden strips were discovered which showed that an abalone about 1.5 m in length was sent as a gift from Awa Province (part of present-day Chiba Prefecture; records on tributes in the 'Engishiki' [ancient compendium of laws published in the tenth century] show that Awa Province was well known as an abalone producing region at the time).
- この手法では、添加するアルコールは30度まで希釈して、過マンガン酸カリウムと活性炭濾過によって精製したものを、上槽の三日前に、白米10石の醪につき3石から5石を加えるというものであった。
- It was produced by adding three to five koku (5.4 to 9 liters) of diluted alcohol by 30 degrees which was purified by potassium permanganate and activated charcoal filtration into the moromi with 10 koku (18 liters) of polished rice three days before joso (extraction to separate the sake from sake lees by applying pressure).
- 『古今和歌集』の撰者の一人である壬生忠岑は、歌論『和歌体十種』の高情体の説明において「詞は凡そ流たりと雖も、義は幽玄に入る、諸歌の上科と為す也」と表現し、高情体を十種の最高位としている。
- MIBU no Tadamine, one of the compilers of 'Kokin wakashu', expressed it as follows: 'Words are flowing, but meanings are entering Yugen. It is the highest rank of any waka.' to explain the Kojo style of a treatise on waka poetry 'Wakatai Jissyu (the Ten Styles of Waka)', and considered the Kojo style as the highest rank of Jissyu.
- それぞれの筒はそれぞれの穀種にかたどり、神殿大床で1筒わり、穀菜の種類上下の品位を神占にしたがってとなえ、社丁がこれにおうじて大声でとなえかえして神前にむれあつまったひとびとに聞かせた。
- Each tube is modeled after a type of crop; one of the tubes is broken on the shrine floor, after which the ranking of crops is called in accordance with the gods' fortune telling, and the Shatei (lower-rank Shinto priest) repeats it loudly to the audience gathered in front of the alter.
- いっぽう幕末になると名古屋の吉沢検校の『花の縁』、『夏衣』などをはじめ九州の『尾上の松』、『海女小舟』、広島の『花形見』など、各地でも京流手事物の形式にのっとった曲が作られるようになった。
- On the other hand, across Japan in the end of Edo period, the works which applied the form of Kyoto-style tegotomono were composed, such as 'Hana no enishi,' 'Natsugoromo' and so on by kengyo YOSHIZAWA in Nagoya, 'Onoe no Matsu' (Pine Tree On Mountain) and 'Ama obune' in Kyushu and 'Hanagatami' in Hiroshima and so on.
- 天才女形として三代目澤村田之助を襲名、翌年には16歳にして立役となるなど、大御所時代における女形の第一人者だったが、間もなく舞台上の事故から脱疽を患い四肢を切断、役者引退を余儀なくされた。
- He took the name Tanosuke SAWAMURA (III) as a brilliant actor of female roles and in the following year when he was only 16 he took leading roles and became the top performer of female roles in the Ogosho Period (1787 - 1841); however after a stage accident gangrene set in and he had to have his legs amputated, and was forced to retire from acting.
- 第39節には通算2回目の優勝を決め、最終節に勝利すれば、2004年の川崎フロンターレに次いでシーズン勝点100以上を達成となったが、1-2でヴァンフォーレ甲府に敗れ、達成には至らなかった。
- The team won the J2 championship for the second time overall in the 39th game, and if it had won the final game, it would have attained more points than 99 after Kawasaki Frontale in 2004, but it was defeated by Ventforet Kofu by 1-2 and failed to attain those points.
- 落とし噺(狭義の落語)と並んで江戸落語の軸を成す人情噺(狭義の人情噺。内容が講談に近く、落ちがない。「牡丹灯籠」、「文七元結」、「真景累ヶ淵」など)は、上方落語には存在しないと言ってよい。
- Kamigata rakugo does not treat sentimental routines which constitute the axis of Edo rakugo alongside 'otoshi banashi' (rakugo in the strict sense), (and which refer to the humane stories in the strictest sense of the term and are closer to kodan storytelling without a final punch line as in 'Peony Lantern,' 'Bunshichi's Barber Shop,' 'The Spine-Chiller in Kasanegafuchi).
- JR京都駅ビル大階段駆け上がり大会(じぇいあーるきょうとえきビルだいかいだんかけあがりたいかい)は、京都駅の駅ビル階段で1998年から毎年2月の第3土曜日に開催される京都放送主催のイベント。
- The competition of running up the long staircase of the JR Kyoto Station building is an event that has been held there by the Kyoto Broadcasting System Company Limited (KBS) on the third Saturday every February since 1998.
- 刀の偽銘、贋作を見極めるには、五箇伝、各時代の姿(手持ちの重さ)、地鉄、焼き刃の特徴(匂い口、帽子)、中茎(姿、鑢目、棟仕上げ、目釘孔、銘の位置、銘そのもの)に精通していなければ困難である。
- To identify Gimei or counterfeit swords, one must be familiar with the Gokaden (classification of Japanese swords), figures in each period (weight of temochi; haft), iron, features of a blade (Nioikuchi, cutting part), haft (figure, yasurime [grinding grid mark], finished way of the back of haft, hole [mekugi holes], the position of inscription, inscription itself).
- これら摂泉十二郷(せっせんじゅうにごう)と呼ばれた、伊丹や灘やその周辺地域で造られた酒は、天下の台所といわれた集散地大阪から、すでに人口70万人を擁していた大消費地江戸へ船で海上輸送された。
- These sake made in Itami, Nada, and their neighboring regions, called Sessen junigo, were sealifted from Osaka, a gathering place called 'the kitchen of Japan,' to Edo, a large consuming area with a population of 700,000 at that time.
- 1960年代ごろまでの生まれの世代は、若いころにコンパその他で三増酒を年上の酒呑みから飲まされ、ああいう「飲むと頭痛や吐き気がする」ものが日本酒だと思い込んだまま中高年になっていることも多い。
- The generations who had been born before the 1960s were often forced to drink sanzoshu by older drinkers at dining parties or other opportunities in their younger age, and they had believed that sake was 'something that caused headache or nausea' until they became middle-aged.
- 元酒類鑑定官であった上原浩は、「そのことの話題性を積極的に利用しようとは考えていないようだが、私の知るなかで、亀の尾の復活にもっとも熱心に取り組んでいたのは鯉川酒造である。」と言い切っている。
- Hiroshi UEHARA, a former official appraiser of alcoholic beverage, has clearly said, 'As far as I know, it was Koikawa Shuzo that had dedicated themselves most diligently to reviving the Kameno-o brand, though the brewery had no positive intention to take the advantage of Kameno-o brand as a topical subject.'
- 昭和37年(1962年)、酒税法が大幅に改正され、それまで「雑酒」と呼ばれてきた中からウィスキー・スピリッツ・リキュールの名が初めて分類上の名称として清酒・焼酎・ビールと並べられることになった。
- In 1962, the Liquor Tax Act was greatly revised and among liquors called as 'zoshu' (other liquors), whisky, spirits and liqueur were listed as the names of category as well as seishu, shochu and beer for the first time.
- 交差点、広場、神前などの見せ場で太鼓台を頭上高く手で持ち上げる、放り上げる、大きく揺らす、回転する、大通りを走り抜ける、装飾品をはずし他の地区と鉢合わせにするなどして奉納したり競い合ったりする。
- Raising the taikodai up above the carriers' head by hands, tossing it, swaying it roughly, revolving it, running through main streets with the taikodai on the shoulders of carriers, ramming it against the other area's taikodai after taking off its decorations - these dedications and competitions take place at parade places, such as intersections, squares, before the gods.
- 日本では和暦(太陰太陽暦)の3月の節句(上巳)である3月3日 (旧暦)(現在の4月頃)に行われていたが、明治6年(1873年)1月1日の改暦以後は一般的にグレゴリオ暦(新暦)の3月3日に行なう。
- In Japan, Hina-matsuri used to be observed on March 3 on the old calendar (around present-day April) which was on the seasonal festival (the first day of the Snake month) in March, by the Japanese calendar (lunar-solar calendar), but after the reform of the calendar in January 1, 1873, the festival has been generally celebrated on March 3 by the Gregorian calendar (new calendar).
- 輸入品のキネトスコープは日本人にとっては全く未知の装置であり、またフィルムもたいへん短いものであったため、映画を興行として成り立たせるためには、機械の説明をして、場を盛り上げる説明者が必要だった。
- The imported kinetoscope was completely unknown to Japanese people at the time and the film was very short, so it was necessary to have a movie interpreter to explain the device and liven up the audience in order to make the movie sustainable as a show.
- そして白下糖を盆の上で適量の水を加えて練り上げて、砂糖の粒子を細かくする「研ぎ」という作業を行った後、研いだ砂糖を麻の布に詰め「押し舟」という箱の中に入れて重石をかけ圧搾し、黒い糖蜜を抜いていく。
- After the work called 'Togi' to knead Shiroshita-to on the tray adding moderate amounts of water to grind sugar particle, kneaded sugar is filled in a linen cloth, put into a box called 'Oshibune,' and squeezed by placing a heavy stone to extract black molasses.
- その理由として、戦国期においては鎧武者による射撃に適さないことや鉄砲狭間からの射掛けにおいて邪魔であるという用兵上の事情、泰平期においては流儀による形態・射法の継承による硬直化等が指摘されている。
- As for the reason, it is pointed out that it was not appropriate for armored warriors to shoot during the Sengoku period (period of warring states), that it was cumbersome to shoot from gun crenels in tactics, and during peaceful periods the form and style of shooting was inherited through tradition and were rigidified.
- 他にもキタ北新地の「永楽館」(同じく吉本の買収後「北新地花月倶楽部」)はじめ、上本町、堀江 (大阪市)、松屋町、新町 (大阪市)、松島遊廓、大阪天満宮界隈などに十数軒の落語専門定席が存在していた。
- There were a dozen rakugo theaters, including 'Eirakukan Theater' (which became 'Kitashinchi Kagetsu Club' after purchased by Yoshimoto Kogyo) in Kitashinchi, North Osaka, in Uehon-machi, Horie (Osaka City), Matsuya-machi, Shin-machi (Osaka City), Matsushima Red-Light District and around the Osaka Tenman-gu Shrine.
- 1980年代以降、建て売り住宅の一般化、近所づきあいの希薄化などのため上棟式自体が減少したが、餅まき自体は神社や地域の祭り(ごく一部の大学祭でも見られる)などの際に、祝い事として広く行われている。
- From the 1980s, jotoshiki itself has become rarer for various reasons, such as the increase of prefabricated houses and the decrease of people's mixing with neighbors, but mochimaki is still held as a happy event in shrines' festivals, local communities' festivals, and some universities' festivals.
- ビッグひな祭り(ビッグひなまつり)は、徳島県勝浦町(旧阿波国)、千葉県勝浦市(旧上総国)及び長野県須坂市(旧信濃国)において、毎年2月から3月(須坂では3月から4月)に開催されている雛祭りである。
- Big Hinamatsuri is a Hinamatsuri (Doll's Festival) held in Katsuura-cho, Tokushima Prefecture (former Awa Province), Katsuura City, Chiba Prefecture (former Kazusa Province), and Suzaka City, Nagano Prefecture (former Shinano Province) during February and March (during March and April in Suzaka City) every year.
- 練り菓子(ねりがし)は、別名「こなし」ともいい、粉状もしくは粒状の原料と液状もしくは粘土状の原料を配合してから、外力を繰り返し加えて分布を均一化し、粘土状の塑性変型する状態に仕上げた間食用の食品類。
- Nerigashi (a confection made from kneaded beans, rice, or rice powder) is also referred to as 'konashi,' which is a snack food produced by mixing an ingredient in the form of powder or grain and an ingredient in the form of liquid or paste, applying external forces for many times to homogenize the distribution, and finishing it in a clayey state of plastic deformation.
- 弘前城、松本城、丸岡城、犬山城、彦根城、姫路城、松江城、松山城 (備中国)、丸亀城、松山城 (伊予国)、宇和島城、高知城(以上「現存天守現存12天守」)、名古屋城、大阪城、熊本城、首里城、五稜郭など
- Hirosaki-jo Castle, Matsumoto-jo Castle, Maruoka-jo Castle, Inuyama-jo Castle, Hikone-jo Castle, Himeji-jo Castle, Matsue-jo Castle, Matsuyama-jo Castle (Bicchu Province), Marugame-jo Castle, Matsuyama-jo Castle (Iyo Province), Uwajima-jo Castle and Kochi-jo Castle (12 castles whose castle towers are now existing), and Nagoya-jo Castle, Osaka-jo Castle, Kumamoto-jo Castle, Shuri-jo Castle, Goryokaku, etc.
- 3本以上の複数の同樹種の根が癒着して1つに繋がっているもの、または立木が地面に倒れて地中に埋まり、元は枝であったものが幹として育ち、その枝元からも根を出して、根が一つに繋がっている様な多幹樹形である。
- These are bonsai which have the roots of more than three of the same plant connected, or in which the tree has fallen down and been buried in the earth, and what was once a branch is grown as the trunk, and the base of that branch sends out roots which are connected with the other roots.
- 呼び名の語源は「太閤(秀吉)を持ち上げる」というところから転じて「太閤持ち→太鼓持ち」と呼ばれるようになったという説や、鳴り物である太鼓を叩いて踊ることからそう呼ばれるようになったとする説などがある。
- For the origin of the name, there are theories including that it comes from 'Taiko (father of the Imperial adviser [Hideyoshi]) wo mochiageru' (to praise taiko), which changed to 'Taikomochi,' and that they are called so because they beat an musical instrument taiko (drum) and dance.
- これは、大阪市にある自由軒の「名物カレー」(インデアンカレー)という、飯とカレールーを混ぜたものの上に、生卵をのせたものが原型で、カレーと飯が混ざっていない一般的なカレーライスにも波及したものである。
- Its origin was a mixture of rice and curry sauce topped with a raw egg served as 'special curry' (Indian curry) at JIYUKEN in Osaka City, and it spread into general unmixed curry and rice.
- 一方で、神幸行列などにおいて馬上であることは特別なことではなく、また装飾と化粧は風流でも見られるものであり、前述の特徴は宗教的な意味が特に強いものではなく、ヒトツモノは依坐ではなかったとの解釈もある。
- On the other hand, there is a different interpretation that Hitotsumono was not a yorishiro because the characteristics described previously didn't have special religious meanings; a horseback riding in a divine procession was not unique, and furyu also had decoration and make-up.
- 日本農林規格(JAS規格)の『乾めん類品質表示基準』にて、機械麺の場合、ひやむぎの麺の太さは直径と直径1.3mm以上~1.7mm未満とされている(同基準を満たしている場合「細うどん」とも表示可能である)。
- According to the 'Quality Labeling Standard for Dried Noodles' of the Japan Agricultural Standards (JAS), machine-made noodles should be between 1.3 mm and 1.7 mm in diameter (it is also possible to use the label 'thin udon noodles' in cases where this standard is satisfied).
- 1265年(文永2年)11月の酉の日、日蓮宗の宗祖・日蓮上人が、上総国鷲巣(現・千葉県茂原市)の小早川家(現・大本山鷲山寺)に滞在の折、国家平穏を祈ったところ、金星が明るく輝きだし、鷲妙見大菩薩が現れ出た。
- On Tori no hi in November 1265 (in old lunar calendar), when Nichiren Shonin (High Priest Nichiren), the founder of the Nichiren sect, prayed for the national peace during his stay at the Kobayakawa house (which is present Daihonzan [the chief temple of the sect] Jusen-ji Temple) in Washi no su, Kazusa Province (which is present Mobara City, Chiba Prefecture), the Venus started to shine brightly and Washi Myoken Daibosatsu appeared.
- こうした「青製煎茶」の登場の過程は当時の資料から明らかになってきており、江戸時代後期の抹茶から煎茶への流行の推移と、より高品質な商品を求める需要から茶の品質が向上していく中でのひとつの到達点であるといえる。
- The introduction of 'Aosei Sencha Seiho' process started to be revealed in documents of that period and indicated the shift from maccha (powdered green tea) to sencha at the end of the Edo Period as one of the goals reached in the search for high quality tea.
- かつての日本、特に江戸時代以前では、マグロといえば赤身を指し、赤身に比べ品質が劣化しやすいトロの部分は上等な部位とは考えられておらず、切り捨てられるか、せいぜい葱鮪鍋などにして加熱したものが食べられていた。
- In older times, particularly prior to the Edo period, tuna meat was represented by lean meat, whereas Toro, which goes sour more quickly than lean meat, was regarded as an insignificant material and discarded, or, if any, tasted as heated meat in a hot pot featuring tuna meat and spring onions (Negima Nabe).
- 上方→江戸:「らくだ (落語)」、「二番煎じ」、「かぜうどん」(東京では「うどん屋(落語)」」、「猫の災難」、「二階ぞめき」、「碁どろ」、「不動坊」、「高砂や」、「青菜」、「みかん屋」(同「かぼちゃ屋」)。
- The following Kamigata routines were adopted in Edo: 'Camel' (in rakugo), 'Second Brewing,' 'Udon Noodle for Flu' ('Udon Restaurant' (rakugo) in Tokyo), 'A Cat's Misfortune,' 'Play Yoshiwara,' 'Playing Go with a Thief,' 'The Ghost of Fudobo,' 'Hallelujah!' 'Aona' (Greens), 'Orange Peddler' ('Pumpkin Vendor' in Tokyo).
- 時には食品でなくとも、「上司の悪口」や「ご近所の噂」、あるいは野球やサッカーといったスポーツの話題や、美術品や花(桜など)の鑑賞を目的とするものをサカナに酒を飲んでも、言葉の使用法としてはなんら差し支えない。
- Furthermore, people sometimes enjoy having alcoholic beverages with non-food sakana such as 'complaints about superiors,' 'the talk of the neighborhood,' topics about sports (baseball, soccer, etc.), and objects for viewing (art work or flowers, for example, cherry blossoms); this use of the word sakana for non-food items is acceptable.
- 日本酒を良く知らない消費者は、仕込みの段数が大きければ大きいほど、製造に手間暇を掛けた精緻な仕上がりであるというイメージを抱きやすいので、それを逆利用して市場戦略として蔵元がそのように銘打っている場合がある。
- Kuramoto probably kept in mind that consumers who did not know too much about Japanese sake tended to have an impression that more fermentation steps equaled better product that used a great amount of effort and time, and used that for branding in market research.
- 明治末期頃は、新しい女性像を提案する画家(上村松園、鏑木清方、池田蕉園、北野恒富など)の台頭や、過去の封建的な女性に対する社会的認知が変化を見せ始めたことが美人画という新しい分類が生まれた一要因とみなされる。
- It is considered that, around the end of the Meiji period, factors such as the rise of new painters who proposed new woman figures (Shoen UEMURA, Kiyokata KABURAGI, Shoen IKEDA, Tsunetomi KITANO, etc.) and changes beginning to be seen in the social cognition of women, which had been feudalistic in the past, contributed to the appearance of bijinga as a new category.
- この事もあり、漫才やコントなどの他の上方演芸ではよく見られ、テレビ番組の出演者編成でも時にネックとなる『所属芸能事務所間の壁』というものについても、落語界では決して絶無ではないがそれほど高くないとされている。
- For this reason, the problem of 'the rivalries among entertainment companies,' which is common among stand-up or slapstick comedians, or who cause difficulties in assigning personalities to TV programs, is not so conspicuous, if not nonexistent, in the rakugo industry.
- 政策内容を見ると、制限令としては「酒株の設定」「寒造り以外の禁」「酒株天明の酒株改め」「酒株運上金の導入の導入」「下り酒の江戸入津制限」などが、奨励令としては「酒株宝暦の勝手造り令」「藩造酒の許可」などがある。
- The examples of measures include 'establishment of the sakekabu' (an official certificate of sake brewing), 'prohibition of sake other than sake made in the winter,' 'Tenmei revision of the sakekabu system,' 'introduction of business taxes on the sakekabu,' 'restrictions on port entry of sake shipped from Kyoto and Osaka to Edo' and so on as the restriction decrees and 'Horeki katte-zukuri decree (the deregulation policy to promote sake brewing),' 'permission of sake brewed by the domains' and so on as promotion decrees.
- もっと個人主義的な次の世代となると、上の世代からそのような話を聞かされているので、「酒とは恐ろしいものだ。関わってなるものか」というある種の固定観念を深いところで持ち、若者のアルコール離れが進んでいくのである。
- Since the next more individualistic generations were told such stories by older generations, they had a strong fixed thinking that 'liquor was dangerous. I never drink it,' and as a result, young people avoided alcohol.
- 上に述べたような歌謡が貞観 (日本)年間ころにひとつの書物にまとめられ、ついで、一条雅信によって延喜20年ころ撰譜され(一説に藤原忠房によって作譜されるという)、以後、藤家および源家によって歌曲はつたえられた。
- Around Jogan era (Japan), among these songs described above were collected into a book, then Masanobu ICHIJO chose scores around 920 (one theory says that FUJIWARA no Tadafusa wrote scores), and later on, songs were brought down by the To and Gen families.
- こうした重税化の動きに対し酒蔵側は、明治14年(1881年)に高知県の酒造業者が、同県出身の自由民権運動の指導者植木枝盛の助力を得て、酒造税引き下げの嘆願書を政府に提出したのを皮切りに、各地で抵抗に立ち上がった。
- Against this tendency for heavier taxes, the sake breweries protested in various places, triggered by the submission of petitions for a reduction of liquor tax by a sake brewery in the Kochi Prefecture in 1881 supported by Emori UEKI, a leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement from Kochi Prefecture.
- アマダイ、マナガツオ、ブリ、サワラ、カマスなどの魚の切り身や鶏肉などを、醤油、酒、みりんを111であわせ、ユズの輪切りを加えてつくった漬けダレである「ゆうあん地」に数日間漬けこみ、汁気を切った後に焼き上げたもの。
- Fillet of fish such as tilefish, butterfish, yellowtail, Japanese Spanish mackerel, or Japanese barracuda as well as chicken are marinated for several days in a sauce called 'yuanji,' which is made of equal amount of soy sauce, sake, and mirin (a type of sweet sake used in cooking) with round slices of citron, then grilled after draining excess liquid.
- 日本にもたらされ、平安時代には国内で栽培されるようになったであろう茶は、春に摘み取った新芽(または古葉)を蒸すか、ゆでるかして加熱処理し、その後「ほいろ」(現在のものとは構造がちがう)や日光にて乾燥させて仕上げる。
- Tea that was brought and cultivated in Japan during the Heian Period was made from the new (or old) leaves picked in spring and heat treated by steaming or boiling before being dried in sunlight in 'hoiro' (the structure is different from modern one).
- 菩提酛(ぼだいもと)は、平安時代中期から室町時代末期にかけて、もっとも上質で定評のある清酒であった南都諸白のとりわけ奈良菩提山(ぼだいせん)正暦寺(しょうりゃくじ)で産した銘酒『菩提泉(ぼだいせん)』を醸していた酛。
- 'Bodai-moto' is the 'moto' (yeast mash), with which 'Nanto moro-haku' (several kinds of 'soboshu' [monk's sake] having the highest quality), especially the name-brand sake 'Bodaisen,' was made through fermentation at Shoryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Bodai in Nara.
- 近年では日本人の生活が欧米化し、畳の上に座る機会が減り、椅子に座る機会が増えた訳だが、特に座席や背もたれの弾力性が足りない場合や、座席が冷たい場合などに、椅子の機能を追加する意図でこの座布団を用いるケースが見られる。
- In recent years the lifestyle of Japanese people has become westernized, and the opportunities to sit on tatami have become fewer while the use of chairs has increased however zabuton are often used to supplement the function of chairs particularly if the seat or backrest is hard or the seat is cold.
- 料紙はいずれも雲母(きら)を引き、墨流しや金銀の切箔(きりはく)、野毛、砂子(すなご)などを散らしてきわめて多様に意匠をこらしたもので、そこに濃彩の優美な大和絵風俗画を手彩色の下絵として描き、その上に経文を書写する。
- A solution of powdered mica powder is applied to the paper, which is then decorated using a marbling technique, with grains, slices and pieces of gold or silver leaf randomly sprinkled over each ryoshi, and on such highly decorated paper, elegant Fuzokuga (pictures of manners and customs) in the Yamato-e style were hand painted in deep colors and then sutras written.
- 民間信仰における女性の神格性(女神)とは些か趣を異としており、天女自身が超常の力を持つという描写は少なく、地上へは専ら何らかの連絡か個人的な用事(水浴びなど)のために訪れるというだけで、その存在自体は比較的俗である。
- There is a slight difference in meaning between tennyo and the deification of females (goddesses) in folk beliefs; tennyo themselves are rarely portrayed as having supernatural powers, and because they visit the human world only to give messages and to take care of personal tasks (such as bathing), their existence itself is relatively mundane.
- なお、茎ほうじ茶はお茶の生産地であれば日本各地で生産されているが、特に過去石川県のある製茶場が「献上加賀棒茶」という製品を製品化し昭和天皇に献上したという経緯があったため、加賀棒茶がより一般に名前が知られるようになった。
- Although kuki-hojicha leaves are produced across Japan, kaga-bocha has been the most widely known kind because a tea manufacturing plant in Ishikawa Prefecture manufactured a product called 'kenjo kaga-bocha' and offered it to the Emperor Showa.
- 近年は、「四段仕込み」ばかりでなく、五段、六段、はては「十段仕込み」をラベルにうたった日本酒も市場に出回るようになったが、伝統的に言えば段仕込みといえば三段仕込みのことであって、それ以上の段数の仕込みの製法は存在しない。
- The current market has not only Japanese sake made with 'yondan-jikomi,' but five, six, and even 'judan-jikomi' (ten step fermentation), but traditional danjikomi is sandan-jikomi and no method with further fermentation exists.
- それで「造れば造るほど売れる」、「造りに手を抜いてもアルコール添加で最終調整すれば出荷できる酒に仕上がる」、「よい酒を造っても消費者に見向きもされず、しょせん販売価格は同じになる」のであれば、生産者も企業努力をしなくなる。
- Then, if 'more production, more sale,' 'sake for sale could be produced by making final adjustments with adding alcohol even if the brewing was cut corners' and 'even a good sake would be disregarded by consumers and it would be sold at the same price as others after all,' the producers did not make corporate efforts.
- 中世では通常、平屋で板葺き切妻屋根に土壁の家屋が建てられ、江戸初期には、建ちの低い2階(厨子二階〈つしにかい〉)を備え、袖卯建(そでうだつ)を上げた家屋が標準化し、瓦葺き、漆喰塗籠めの壁を持つ町屋は1600年代末に現れる。
- In the medieval period, merchant houses were usually one-storied with a gabled shingle-roof and clay walls, whereas, in the early Edo period, those with low-ceilinged second floor (tsushi nikai or loft) and sodeudatsu (extensions of the gable parapet walls that fill the trapezoidal space between the overhanging eaves of the main roof and the pent roof) became standard and houses with tile roofs and stucco walls appeared in the end of the 1600s.
- 装填に時間と防御上の弱点が生じることを解決する手段として、縦列で行進する銃兵の最前者が発砲し、発砲後直ちに最後尾に駆け戻って装填作業をしながら行進を続行するという方式が考え出されたが、それを行うには非常に訓練を必要とした。
- To solve the weak point of the time needed to load and aspects of defenses, one method was contrived, in which, just after the front man of fusiliers marching in a column line shot, he ran back to the end of the line while loading, but it required much practice to do this.
- 日本にキリスト教を伝えたフランシスコ・ザビエルは1552年、イエズス会の上司へ宛てた手紙の中で、「酒は米より造れるが、そのほかに酒なく、その量は少なくして価は高し」と、日本酒に関してヨーロッパ人として最初の報告を書いている。
- Francis XAVIER who introduced Christianity to Japan wrote in the letter to his boss at the Society of Jesus in 1552 that 'sake is brewed from rice, but there is no other liquor; the amount is small and it is expensive,' which was the first report on sake written by Europeans.
- 都道府県別では、キッコーマン(野田市)、ヤマサ、ヒゲタ(いずれも銚子市)等の大手が存在する千葉県が34%、ヒガシマル(たつの市)が存在する兵庫県が16%と上位2県で過半数を占め、以下愛知県(5%)、香川県(4.5%)と続く。
- By prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, where large manufacturers; Kikkoman Corporation (Noda city), YAMASA CORPORATION, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd. (Choshi City) are located accounts for 34%, Hyogo Prefecture where Higashimaru Shoyu Co., Ltd. (Tatsuno City) is located accounts for 16%, occupying the majority by them; the third is Aichi Prefecture (5%), the fourth is Kagawa Prefecture (4.5%), and so on.
- 中国唐を代表する『欧陽詢九成宮醴泉銘』・『虞世南孔子廟堂碑』・『チョ遂良雁塔聖教序』などの作品は、行頭・行末を揃え、左右の文字の位置を揃え、行をまっすぐに書いており、上述の「散らし書き」といかに対照的な書字法であるかが分かる。
- In works representative of Tang dynasty period China, such as Ouyang Xun's 'Jiu Cheng Gong Li Quan Ming,' Yu Shinan's 'Kong Zi Miao Tang Bei,' and Chu Suiliang's 'Yan Ta Sheng Jiao Xu,' the start and end points of the lines and their position left and right are always aligned and the lines are written straight, in contrast to the uneven 'chirashi-gaki' style described above.
- 1959年、史上初の週刊漫画雑誌週刊少年サンデー・週刊少年マガジンがそれぞれ創刊され、1963年には『少年キング』が、1968年には『週刊少年ジャンプ』、1969年に『週刊少年チャンピオン』が追って創刊、少年誌5大誌時代に突入。
- In 1595, the first ever weekly comic magazine 'Weekly Shonen Sunday' and 'Weekly Shonen Magazine' were launched, followed by 'Weekly Shonen King' in 1963, 'Weekly Shonen Jump' in 1968 and 'Weekly Shonen Champion' in 1969, then it entered the five boys' magazines period.
- 酒で腐った衣をまとい、髪を剃り上げて鬘にすることで屈強の武士から逃れたサホビメの物語は伝説だとしても、壇ノ浦の戦いの際、入水した女性達が長い髪を熊手で絡め取られて捕虜となった様に、髪を捕まえられると逃走や抵抗が難しくなってしまう。
- The story about Sahobime who escaped from strong samurai by being clad in a dress rotten by alcohol and wearing a wig after shaving her head might be a legend; however, women indeed had difficulty in running away and fighting back when grabbed by the hair as shown in the scene in the Battle of Dannoura that women who tried to commit suicide by drowning were captured by their hair's being entangled with a rake and were held captive.
- 生麺・茹で麺等については『生めん類の表示に関する公正競争規約』にて、『この規約で「うどん」とはひらめん、ひやむぎ、そうめんその他名称のいかんを問わず小麦粉に水を加え練り上げた後製麺したもの、又は製麺した後加工したものをいう』となっている。
- Regarding fresh and boiled noodles, according to the 'Fair Competition Codes concerning labeling of fresh noodles,' 'under these codes, 'udon noodles' refer to noodles produced after adding water to wheat flour and kneading the mixture, or to those that have been processed after the noodles are made, regardless of whether they are named hiramen (flat noodles), hiyamugi, somen or others.'
- 純粋な宗教的価値観の具現化でないとしても、古来からの神道が礎となってその上に仏教・密教や儒教や道教、あるいは「キリスト教」(古くはキリシタン文化)をも含め、さまざまな外来の宗教を混在させながら、今日ある日本の精神や文化の土壌は形成された。
- Although a pure sense of worship for religion was not realized, an environment of present-day Japanese spirit and culture was formed based on the Shinto religion from the ancient times while adding mixtures of various kinds of foreign religions including Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, or 'Christianity' (also including a Christian culture in old times).
- 一方で、低年齢層における活字離れや携帯ゲーム機・携帯電話の普及など、ほかの娯楽が増えたことで漫画に興味を持たない・読まない子供が増え、さらに少子化の影響もあってか少年誌・少女誌の売り上げは減少してきており、休刊・廃刊するものも増えている。
- On the one hand, the sales of boys' magazines and girls' magazines have been decreasing as a result of the increasing number of children who are not interested in or do not read comics due to the aliterates in earlier age group and other entertainments such as portable game machines and mobile phones and the low birthrate, then the number of defunct magazines is increasing.
- この日本の日常生活において用いられる用品は、布の袋に緩衝材となる綿やスポンジ等を入れて作られているが、欧米に見られるクッション程に弾力性は求められず、主に床面や畳に直に置かれ、その上に座る事で体温が床面によって奪われるのを防ぐために用いられる。
- The products used in everyday life in Japan are made by filling cloth bags with cushioning material such as cotton or sponge, and they do not need to have the elasticity often seen in Western cushions, as they are mainly put directly on the floor or tatami and serve to prevent the sitter from becoming cold when sitting on the floor.
- 一方では日本酒アルコール添加を、かつての三増酒に施した防腐や嵩増しの目的ではなく、あくまでも酒質を高めるための究極の技法として追及している石川県「菊姫」の菊姫合資会社のように、純米蔵宣言とは別の方向で日本酒の品質向上と信頼回復に励んでいる蔵もある。
- On the other hand, there are some sake breweries which make efforts to improve the quality of sake and restore the reliability as Kikuhime Joint-stock Company of 'Kikuhime' in Ishikawa Prefecture which seek a way of adding alcohol as an ultimate method to improve the quality of sake in stead of the purpose of preventing putrefaction or increasing volume like sanzoshu.
- 摘んだチャノキの若芽の飲用成分を抽出し易くし、かつ保存性を高めるために、まずこれを数秒から数分間蒸した後、焙炉(ほいろ)と呼ばれる40℃から50℃に加温された台の上で、手で茶葉をほぐす、こねる、揉むなどの作業を行って乾燥させながら煎茶に仕上げてゆく。
- Picked tea buds are steamed for between several seconds and several minutes so that drinkable ingredients can be extracted more easily and the tea has a longer shelf-life, before going through processes including crumbling, kneading, and rolling by hand on a plate called a hoiro (tea drying hot plate) heated to around 40 to 50 ℃ as the tea leaves dry out and become sencha.
- 農業へのし尿の利用は、日本を占領した連合国軍のアメリカ軍兵士により持ち込まれたサラダ等野菜の生食の習慣のため、回虫など寄生虫感染防止という衛生上の理由が生じた事や化学肥料など他の肥料の普及などから利用価値が低下し高度経済成長期には取引は行われなくなった。
- The application of human waste to agriculture lost its utility value and disappeared during the high economic growth period, because of the raw diet custom of salad and so on brought by American soldiers of the Allied Forces who occupied Japan, the prevention of parasitic infection such as roundworms and so on for hygienic reasons, and popularization of the other fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers.
- 一方では、元酒類審議会委員であった上原浩によれば、精米歩合を高めることができなかった時代には、醪末期(日本酒醪の醗酵の最後の段階)で日本酒醗酵が急に進み、酒が薄辛くなることがあったので、それを補正するために甘酒などを四段目に仕込んでいたという(甘酒四段)。
- On the other hand, Hiroshi UEHAEA, who was the former judge of the alcoholic beverages advisory council, stated that the fermentation becomes more rapid at the last stage of fermenting unfiltered Japanese sake, and sake became less stringent during the period when the rice-polishing ratio techniques was not refined and amazake (Japanese sweet rice wine) was poured in at the fourth stage (amazake yondan) to adjust it.
- 山麓の下段には、事務所の洋館と学生の教育をおこなう私塾・武庫中学(明治44年1911年)開校の校舎と付属館、中段には二楽荘本館、上段の山頂には純白の窮屋と称せられる白亜殿(含秀居・がんしゅうい)、測候所、図書館兼宿舎の巣鶴楼(すかくろう)などが配置された。
- A western-style building for office use and a school building and auxiliary buildings for Muko Middle School (a private school opened in 1911) were built on the step lowest on the foot of the mountain; Nirakuso's main building was built on the middle step, while the highest step, at the mountain's top, held Hakuaden (Ganshui), known as 'the white room', a weather station, and Sukakuro, a library and dormitory building.
- 古くは祭事などの折に年に数回、泥酔するほど飲むが、日常生活には徳利の影も見当たらないような明治時代前期以前の酒のありようから、食卓に晩酌がなじんできたそれ以降の酒のありようへの変化も、その境界線を曖昧にしていく歴史作用であったが、その延長線上にあるものである。
- The change from the style of dead drinks several times a year at the time of special events such as festivals and having no sake bottle in daily life before the early part of the Meiji period to the style of drinking with dinner after that, also made that border ambiguous historically, which was seen as an extension of the trend toward low-alcohol drinks.
- 特に、2000年ごろからインターネットの出前ポータルサイトが普及してきており、中でも夢の街創造委員会が手掛ける「出前館」は、インターネットのない店舗でもインターネットからの受注ができる仕組みを開発し、インターネット出前受注の90%以上の市場占有率を開拓している。
- Especially Demae portal sites on the internet have become popular since around 2000 and especially 'Demaekan' run by Yumenomachi Souzou-iinkai developed the system that the shops without internet can take orders from the internet and accounts for 90 % share of internet Demae orders.
- すなわち、彼らの作品は従来の画家の作品とは異なり、紙や画布ではなくコンピュータグラフィックスが一次テクスト(最も原初的なテクスト)であって、オリジナルと全く同じものを無数に複製することが出来、それが(時に本人の意思と無関係に)インターネット上で流通しているのである。
- In other words, unlike traditional artists' works, their original pictures (their most primary pictures) are made with computer graphics, not on paper or canvases, and this allows them to make an infinite number of complete duplications of their originals, which are distributed on the Internet (occasionally regardless of the artist's intention).
- なぜなら、明治時代前期の欧化政策以来、政府は数々の優遇措置をもって国民に洋酒を紹介し、国産洋酒の生産や消費を促してきたわけだが、その延長線上にやってきたのは結局「そろそろ舌になじんだころだろうから本場、外国産の洋酒をどんどん買ってくれ」というべき状況だったからである。
- This was because the government had introduced foreign liquors with various preferential treatments and promoted to produce and consume foreign liquors made in Japan since the Westernization policy in the early part of the Meiji period, which finally resulted in the situation that 'buy foreign liquors made in foreign countries because you have already gotten used to the taste.'
- 白酒の製法は、博多地方において古くから造られていた「練酒」が起源であると伝えられており、江戸時代から雛祭りの供物として扱われるようになったのは、平安時代からの風習である上巳(桃の節句)において、室町時代からモモの花を浸した酒を飲んでいたものが変化したと伝えられている。
- It is said that the method of manufacturing shirozake originates in the 'nerizake' brewed in the Hakata region from ancient times and that, from the Edo Period, it came to be used as an offering in the Doll's festival, a custom from the Heian Period, in place of the peach leaves soaked in sake which had been used from the Muromachi Period.
- だが、話題性のある小さな酒蔵から出荷された希少酒を、投資目的で買占め、熟成に向かないため早めに飲まなくてはならない生酒であるのにもかかわらず、価格が上がるのを待ち、過大なプレミアムをつけて市場へ放出するブローカーが跋扈したことは、日本酒業界にとっては不幸なことであった。
- However, it was unhappy for the sake industry that some brokers who bought up rare sake made by popular small sake breweries for investment purposes, waited for its price to rise and sold it with an excessive premium in the market although it was the raw sake which had to be drunk as early as possible because it was not good for maturing.
- 現在の活動弁士として、麻生八咫とその娘の麻生子八咫、澤登翠とその弟子の桜井麻美、斎藤裕子、片岡一郎(以上2002年に澤登翠に入門)、その他に佐々木亜希子、映画監督と活動弁士を兼業している山田広野、古典作品及び自作アニメに活弁を付ける坂本頼光などが東京を中心に活動している。
- At present, some katsudo benshi are active mainly in Tokyo, such as Yata ASO, his daughter Koyata ASO, Midori SAWATO, Midori's pupils from 2002 (Mami SAKURAI, Yuko SAITO, and Ichiro KATAOKA), Akiko SASAKI, Hirono YAMADA (a movie director and katsudo benshi), and Raiko SAKAMOTO who narrates classical silent movies and the animated movies which he creates.
- 中国では北斉時代(550-577)の菩薩像2体(山東省・青州博物館蔵)に截金が見られ、一方は二重の亀甲文の中に亀を描いたものと、裳裾に縦長の亀甲文の中に3枚の葉をもった植物文を上下に重ねた文様に、もう一方は裳に緑と赤に白い丸文を描いた文様の区画の境界線に截金が使われている。
- In China, the kirikane technique is found in two statues of Bosatsu (bodhisattva) in Northern Qi period (550 to 577) (owned by Qingzhou Museum in Shandong Province): For one of them, it is used in the motif of a double-line kikkomon (hexagonal pattern) in which a tortoise is drawn, and the motif which two patterns of plant with three leaves are arranged one above the other in a vertically long kikkomon in its mosuso (hem of pants), and for the other, in the boundary line between green pattern with white circle and red pattern with white circle in its mo (long pleated skirts).
- また、本来冷たい器にご飯を盛りその上に各種惣菜をのせて混ぜて食べる韓国料理「ビビンバ」について、近年に在日韓国人調理家と日本人調理家が共同で、岩から切り出した器を熱してその中にご飯と惣菜(通常の韓国料理には用いられない惣菜を載せるものも多い)を盛る「石焼ビビンバ」を考案した。
- Concerning 'bibimbap,' a Korean dish in which various side dishes are put on top of boiled rice placed originally in a non-heated bowl and both side dishes and rice are eaten from the mixture, a Korean cook residing in Japan and a Japanese cook have recently devised jointly 'stone-roasted bibimbap,' in which a bowl, cut out of rock, is heated and boiled rice and side dishes are placed in it (in many of such dishes, side dishes not used in traditional Korean dishes are provided).
- また、平成13年施行の廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律およびそれに基づく「廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律施行令」により、風俗慣習上又は宗教上の行事を行うために必要な廃棄物の焼却や、農業、林業又は漁業を営むためにやむを得ないものとして行われる廃棄物の焼却など以外は禁止されている。
- Also, noyaki is prohibited except when burning waste materials is necessary to comply with the manners and customs or to perform an religions event, or when it is imperative in order for the operation of agriculture, forestry or fishery, in accordance with 'the Wastes Disposal and Public Cleansing Act' enforced in 2001 and the enforcement order of 'the Wastes Disposal and Public Cleansing Act.'
- ただし、公家の日記に「直衣束帯」などの表記がある場合も、丁寧に解釈すると「直衣を着た者や束帯を着た者がいる」の意味である場合もあり、平安中期には「直衣束帯」という装束(直衣の袍・表袴・石帯・下襲等より成る)があったことも知られるなど、上記の説については厳密な検証が必要と思われる。
- However, when there are expressions such as 'noshi sokutai' in kuge diaries, they may mean 'there is someone in noshi or someone in sokutai' when you closely read them, and it is known there were shozoku called 'noshi sokutai' (composed of noshi no ho [round-necked robe]), ue no hakama (outer trousers), sekitai, shitagasane (long inner robe), etc. in the mid Heian period, so the theories above require rigorous verification.
- 他に、細い竹管などを米などとともに鍋釜で煮て、炊き上げた後に管を割いて中に入った粒の数を数えるもの(この場合、12本の管を入れて1か月ごとの天候を判断したり、その地域で作られる作物の数だけ管を入れて作物別の豊凶を判断したりする)や、粥を数日間放置して、カビの生え具合で占うものもある。
- Other methods include simmering small bamboo tubes and rice in a pan and, after the rice is boiled, cutting the tubes to see how many rice grains entered them (in this method, twelve tubes are used to see the climate of each month, or the same number of tubes as the kinds of crops in the area to see the future of each crop), or simply leaving the Kayu for a few days and telling the future by how the mold grows on it.
- - 寺社の造営、修繕や維持管理を目的としたもので、具体的には参道や境内、門前町において祭りや縁日を開催し、出店者から売り上げの一部を、場所代として提供してもらう事や、宝くじの元となった富くじの収益や、庶民が自ら行う賭博が合法であった時代には、賭博開帳の場所代としての寺銭などが挙げられる。
- Jisha fushin aimed to construct, repair and manage jisha (temples and shrines) and specifically, it included holding festivals or fairs along the sando (the road approaching a temple), inside the precincts, or in the temple town; they also collected a portion of the sales from street vendors as rent for their stalls, proceeds from tomikuji (lottery), precursor to today's takarakuji, and terasen (fee charged to a gambling salon) as rent from gambling halls in the days when gambling held by common people was legal.
- 足利義満が大湯殿を建てた際、招かれた大名などが入浴する際に他者の衣服と間違えないよう家紋を付けた布に脱いだ衣服を包み、湯上りに際してこの布の上で装束を調えたという記録があり、この時用いられていた敷布が「風呂敷」と「平裹(平包)」の双方の役割を果たしていたものとしての最古の記録と考えられる。
- It is on record that Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA constructed a big bathroom and invited Daimyo and so on, who wrapped up their clothes taken off in a piece of cloth attached with their family crest to avoid mixing up their clothes with others and after taking a bath put on their Shozoku (costumes) on the cloth, and the sheet used on that occasion are understood to be the oldest record of both roles of 'Furoshiki' and 'Hiratsutsumi' having been played.
- 芸能、技芸を技術的な問題としてのみ捉えることをせず、しばしば実生活と芸の世界を混同させて、常住坐臥が芸を高めるための契機であり、修行であると考え、しかのみならず当人の倫理性、道徳性がそのまま芸にあらわれるがゆえに、芸の向上は同時に人格の向上でなければならない、とするところに芸道の特徴がある。
- The main characteristic of Geido is the idea that the heightening of one's art should be simultaneously accompanied by a heightening of one's personality because one's ethics and morality are directly revealed in one's art; this is derived from the idea that rather than regarding the performance of arts and techniques as merely a matter of skill, we should merge our everyday lives and the world of art, which is an opportunity to heighten our art and is itself a form of training.
- ただ「方法として可能である」ことと「製法として意味がある」ことは違うわけで、できあがる酒質から観れば、三段仕込みをおこなった時点で、段仕込みをする意味、すなわち酵母を新しい環境へ段階的に慣らしていくことによって活性を保つという意味は、すでに達成されるので、四段仕込み以上の必要はないことになる。
- However, 'a possible method' and 'reasonable method' are different, and sandan-jikomi already achieves the purpose of danjikomi to adapt the yeast to the new environment and there is no need for fermentation beyond yondan-jikomi from the standpoint of sake quality.
- 『うつほ物語』に「万葉仮名にもあらず、日本の書道史女手にもあらず」と記された草仮名が、極めて自然な形で女手と巧みに交用され、また、「悪(あ)」・「盈(え)」・「祈(き)」・「倶(く)」・「致(ち)」・「帝(て)」・「廬(ろ)」など、後世の上代様古筆には余り見慣れない珍しい文字字母が使用されている。
- In 'Utsuho Monogatari' (The Tale of the Cavern), sogana, which is described as 'neither manyo-gana (the use of Chinese characters for their phonetic value), nor onnade,' is skillfully mixed with onnade in an extremely natural way and also uses unusual characters, which are not seen in the later jodaiyo kohitsu.
- 実弾射撃は指定された射撃場でしか認められない、2005年現在、公営射撃場としては神奈川県伊勢原市の県営伊勢原射撃場、千葉市若葉区の千葉県総合スポーツセンター射撃場、和歌山県海南市の和歌山県営射場、の以上3ヶ所(但し伊勢原射撃場は工事中で使用できない、また他にも私立の射場で可能な所がある)で認められている。
- Live firing is allowed only in registered shooting galleries and as of 2005, as public shooting galleries, there are three registered ones such as the Kanagawa Prefectural Isehara Shooting Range in Isehara City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture General Sports Center shooting galley in Wakaba Ward, Chiba City and Wakayama Prefecture Shooting Range in Kainan City, Wakayama Prefecture (however, the Isehara Shooting Range is under construction and currently can not be used, and in addition, there are private shooting galleries where live firing is possible).
- 2007年に発刊された高級レストランガイド「ミシュラン」の東京版では、150軒の掲載店舗のうち、約6割が日本料理店であり、日本料理店も含めて、掲載されたすべての店舗に1つ以上の星が付された(ミシュランの掲載店舗の中には、星が付されない場合もあり、すべての店舗に星が付されたのは、ミシュランでは初めてのことである)。
- In the Tokyo version of 'Michelin,' a guide for high-class restaurants, published in 2007, 150 restaurants were listed, and approx. sixty percent of them were those serving nihon-ryori dishes, and all listed restaurants were rated for the one-star or higher level ('Michelin' usually included restaurants with no star as well, and this Tokyo version was the first in that all listed restaurants were given at least a star).
- 一方で、永長元年(1096年)には貴族・官人から庶民までが風流な格好を纏って田楽を演じながら行進した永長大田楽や久寿元年(1154年)の今宮神社 (京都市)御霊会において傘の上に風流な飾りの花を掲げて唄い囃した「風流のあそび」が行われ(『梁塵秘抄』巻14)、後世における音曲や歌で囃す「風流」の原型が記録されている。
- On the other hand, the original form of the 'Furyu' which was remembered by future generations as 'to keep rhythm with music and songs' is recorded in events such as the 1096 Eicho Daidengaku, in which people from the aristocrats and government bureaucrats down to the common people wore Furyu-style costumes and marched while playing Dengaku (a Japanese traditional performing art), and a festival of souls at Imamiya-jinja Shrine (in Kyoto City) in 1154, where a 'Pleasure of Furyu' was held ('Rojinhisho' (poetry book) Vol. 14), in which people held umbrellas decorated with Furyu-style flowers and sang songs.
- これが中世期から近世期にかけて、さまざまな芸が体系化され伝授の形式を整えてゆくにつれて、単に芸能、技芸の体系というにとどまらず、それをめぐる思想や哲学的背景、さらに修行や日常生活の場においてこうした形而上的な問題をいかに生かし、みずからの芸を高めてゆくかという問題が含められてゆくようになって成立したのが、芸道という観念である。
- When various arts became systematized from the middle ages to the early modern period, it started to take on more meanings, not simply meaning system of performing arts and techniques, but also including ideas and philosophical backgrounds of arts, and the issue of how these metaphysical problems could be used in ascetic practice and daily life to heighten one's own art, leading to the establishment of the concept of geido.
- 1930年代前半に誕生し、一時期は発展の可能性がかいまみられながらも、戦中戦後の窮乏のなかでそれが棚上げのかたちとなっていた吟醸酒も、1970年代には、醪(もろみ)造りの工程における温度管理の技術が飛躍的に発達し、また協会系酵母協会7号や協会系酵母協会9号などの吟醸香を出す新しい酵母が実用化され、ようやく少量ずつ市場へ出荷されるようになった。
- The ginjoshu which appeared in the early 1930s but was interrupted because of the shortage of materials although it could have been more developed, gradually came to be sold in markets in small amounts in the 1970s, since the technique of temperature control in the process of making moromi was rapidly developed and the new yeasts with aroma of ginjo, such as the seventh and the ninth yeasts of the Brewing Society were put into practical use.
- (アルケビュス)については一つの説として、さらに初期の手砲の一形式に棒の先につけた金属筒に鉤状の突起を設け、発射時は鉤を委託物に引っかけ棒を地上に押さえ付けて発射した形式があり、これをドイツ語系で(ハーケン・ビュクセ=鉤付筒)と呼んだだのが語源で、フランス語系で類似した(アーケン・ビュッス→アルケブス)と発音が訛化したのであろうという説がある。
- As one theory for 'arquebus,' there is one form where, as one form of the early hand gun, hook-shaped jut was put on an iron tube attached on the tip of stick and when shooting the hook was attached to something and the stick was pushed into the earth, and one theory says that it was called 'Hakenbüchse = a tube with a hook' in German and became the word origin and in French the similar pronunciation (Arquen bus =>arquebus) was accented.
- しかし、上方の「粋(すい)」が恋愛や装飾などにおいて突き詰めた末に結晶される文化様式(結果としての、心中や絢爛豪華な振袖の着物など)、字のごとく純粋の「粋(すい)」であるのに対し、江戸における「いき」とは突き詰めない、上記で解説した異性間での緊張を常に緊張としておくために、突き放さず突き詰めず、常に距離を接近せしめることによって生まれると言われる。
- However, while the 'sui' of Kamigata refers to the cultural pattern that crystallizes after love, decorations, and so on have been thoroughly thought through (resulting in things such as a lovers' suicide or a luxurious kimono) and is literally the 'sui' of junsui (purity), the 'iki' of Edo is said to be the result of constantly getting closer, without becoming detached or attached, in order to keep the above-described sexual tension alive.
- 日本美術から影響を受けたアーティストにはピエール・ボナール、エドゥアール・マネ、アンリ・ド・トゥールーズ=ロートレック、メアリー・カサット、エドガー・ドガ、ピエール=オーギュスト・ルノワール、ジェームズ・マクニール・ホイッスラー、クロード・モネ、フィンセント・ファン・ゴッホ、カミーユ・ピサロ、ポール・ゴーギャン、グスタフ・クリムトなど数え上げたらきりがない。
- There are a large number of artists who were influenced by Japanese art including Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Manet, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Mary Cassatt, Edgar Degas, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, James McNeill Whistler, Claude Monet, Vincent Van Gogh, Camille Pissarro, Paul Gauguin and Gustav Klimt.
- 江戸時代を通じて、基本的に酒はその造り方、流通、販売に至るまで商人がプロデュースするものであったが、上記のような理由から藩という地方自治体が酒造りを立案し、伊丹酒や灘五郷や奈良流など当時の酒造先進地域より酒師(さかし - 杜氏とほぼ同義)や麹師(こうじし)といった技術者を少なからぬ藩費で招聘し、土地の大商人に醸造設備などを整備させて始めた地酒のことを、後世から便宜上藩造酒(はんぞうしゅ)と呼ぶ。
- While sake was basically produced by the merchants throughout the Edo period in all fields of brewing methods, distribution and sales, local governments or domains, due to the above reasons, started to brew Jizake (local sake) called, in later ages for convenience, Hanzoshu (sake brewed by the domains) by preparing brewing plans, inviting at no small expenses of the domain's technical experts such as Sakashi (sake brewer) (almost the same meaning as Toji [sake brewer]) and Kojishi (a person in charge of the koji-manufacturing) from the advanced regions in sake brewing like Itami sake, Nada gogo (five districts in Nada), Nara style sake and so on and making local wealthy merchants maintain brewing facilities.
- その内容ははなはだ多様であって一概に語ることはむずかしいが、(1)世襲による家元に流儀の芸事に関する規範性・正統性を求め、流儀の同一性を保持すること、(2)家元を政治的な権威として流儀内の統率を行い、上意下達方式を中心にして流儀の運営を行うこと、(3)経済的には流儀内の素人、玄人(職分)などから資金を集めこれを流儀全体のために家元が再分配するかたちをとっていること、(4)免状発行の権限が家元にあること、(5)家元個人またはその家の私的な部分と流儀の公的な部分とが未分化な状態にあり、家元の存在そのものが流儀の根幹にかかわる制度をしいていること、などが特徴として挙げられる。
- Although this system cannot be defined clearly because of its diversity, here are some characteristics: (1) hereditary Iemoto exists as a normative and legitimate model with regard to the school's accomplishments in order to preserve the identity of the style; (2) as a political authority, Iemoto leads and manages the school by top-down control system; (3) financially, Iemoto redistributes money collected from novices, experts, et al. to the entire school; (4) Iemoto has the authority to issue certificates; (5) Iemoto himself or herself is at the core of the school, and Iemoto's or his/her family's private matters and the school's public matters are not clearly differentiated.