Honyaku Star - Search: 一流

一流: 237 Terms and Phrases

一流
first-class
top grade
foremost
top-notch
leading
characteristic
peculiar
unique
school (e.g. of a performance art)
one flag
one banner
one streamer
Itsuru

第一流
first-class

超一流
tip-top
top-drawer
best
foremost
elite

一流株
gilt-edged stock
blue chip

一流の
blue-chip
classic
classical
crack
first-rate
foremost
major
outstanding
prime
top-notch
topnotch

渋川一流
Shibukawaichi-ryu school

一流伝授
Ichiryu denju

第一流の
slap-up

一流大学
top-notch university
Oxbridge

一流会社
top-ranked firm
top-tier corporation
leading company
prestigious company
stellar company

四座一流
Shiza Ichiryuu (Edo-period noh actor)

一流の男
crack Jack

二天一流
Niten Ichi-ryū

不均一流れ
inhomogeneous flow

一流証券の
of a gilt-edged security

一流ホテル
first-class hotel

第一流の人物
nob of the first water

一流のコック
cordon bleu

一流の芸術家
a major artist

一流デザイナー
top designer

水位一流量曲線
discharge rating curves

単一流体方程式
single-fluid equation

一流の報道記者
an ace reporter

絵所一流の祖。
He was the founder of the Edokoro Ichi school (絵所一流).

一流のゴルファー
a first-rate golfer

一流の腕前ですね。
That's a class act.

行われた一流テニス
played top-notch tennis

歌舞伎舞踊の一流派。
It is a school of Kabuki Buyo (Kabuki Dance).

彼は一流の音楽家だ。
He is a musician of the first rank.

一流の人々のグループ
an exclusive group of people

絶対に一流で本物である
absolutely first class and genuine

五帖目第十通「聖人一流」
The tenth letter of the fifth collection 'shoninichiryu'

その会社は一流企業です。
That company is one of the best in the business.

彼女は、絶対的に一流である
she is absolutely tops

使用人であふれる一流の地区
pukka quarters with a swarm of servants

彼は一流の腕前を持っている
he has a master's touch

一流の女性のバレエダンサー
a leading female ballet dancer

武将としては一流であった。
His talent as a busho was outstanding.

五座ではなく四座一流となる。
That is why people do not say 'five theatres,' but 'four theatres, five styles.'

ミルトンは一流作家の人です。
Milton is one of the classic writers.

一流の料理の腕で有名なシェフ
a chef famous for his great skill

20世紀の一流の英国の作曲家
major English composer of the 20th century

また、書家としても一流である。
He is also well-known as a calligrapher.

とにかくに第一流の歌人と存候。
Anyway, he was a top grade poet.

彼は一流歌手として認められた。
He was recognized as a first-class singer.

彼は結局は一流の小説家であった。
After all is said and done, he was a first-rate novelist.

彼は音楽家としては一流ではない。
He's not in the top grade as a musician.

彼らはその作家を一流だと思った。
They looked on the writer as first-rate.

彼一流の早口で、はっきりと云った。
he said, in his quick, clear way.

一流ホテルの部屋を予約して下さい。
Please book me a room in a first-class hotel.

歌手として彼女はその国で一流です。
As singers go, she is among the best in the country.

領地を治める傍ら剣術の一流を築いた。
He founded a school of swordplay while governing his territory.

「車掌までが一流の紳士だとはなぁ。」
'and the conductor is a gentleman of the first order!'

こんな一流選手が相手では勝ち目がない。
We have no chance against those top players.

彼は彼一流のせわしない口調で申しました。
said he in his bustling way.

レストランは一流であるが、少し特異である
the restaurant is top-notch, but a little out of the way

幸流（こう-りゅう）は能楽小鼓方の一流派。
The Ko school is one of the schools of kotsuzumi-kata (small hand drum players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

藤田流（ふじたりゅう）は能楽笛方の一流儀。
The Fujita school is one of the schools of fue-kata (flute players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

レンブラントは一流の芸術家とみなされている
Rembrandt is considered a blue-chip artist

一流の、最重要の、または一番価値のあるもの
of first rank or importance or value

路氏は東漢氏の一流で、渡来系の氏族である。
Michi clan was a member of the Yamatonoaya clan and were immigrants to ancient Japan.

源氏の一流、河内源氏の名門、足利氏の一門。
His family was part of the Ashikaga clan, one of the main families of the Kawachi-Genji, the Minamoto clan.

源氏の一流、河内源氏の名門　足利氏の一門。
A member of the Ashikaga clan, which was a distinguished family from Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), which in turn was a line of the Minamoto clan

藤原北家の一流・小野宮流の藤原斉敏の四男。
He was born the fourth son of FUJIWARA no Tadatoshi, who belonged to the house of Ononomiya, one of the northern houses of the Fujiwara clan.

紙本着色一流相承系図（佛光寺・長性院共有）
Color painting on paper, Ichiryu Sosho keizu (genealogical tree of a single-lineage) (owned by Bukko-ji Temple and Chosei-in Temple)

二刀を用いることで有名な二天一流兵法の祖。
He developed the Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho (Niten Ichi-ryu School of Art of Warfare) in which the swordsmanship style is well known for using two swords.

一噌流（いっそうりゅう）は能楽笛方の一流儀。
The Isso school is one of the schools of fue-kata (flute players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

彼は一流の作家であると言っても過言ではない。
It is no exaggeration to say that he is a first-rate writer.

彼女はなかなかやるようだが、一流じゃないね。
She's pretty good at it, but she lacks class.

彼らは、非難の余地がなく一流の教職員を雇った
they hired unimpeachably first-rate faculty members

『祇園のうら道おもて道　女の舞台一流の事情』
'Back Streets and Main Streets in Gion A woman's Stage Reasons for being First Class'

葛野流（かどの-りゅう）は能楽大鼓方の一流儀。
Kadono school is one of the schools of otsuzumi-kata (large hand drum players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

したがって、一流の書家にも愛用者が増えている。
Therefore, there is a growing number of users among top-class calligraphers.

井上流（いのうえりゅう）は、日本舞踊の一流派。
Inoue school is a school of traditional Japanese dance.

石井流（いしい-りゅう）は、能楽大鼓方の一流儀。
Ishii school is one of the schools of otsuzumi-kata (large hand drum players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

大倉流（おおくら-りゅう）は能楽囃子方の一流儀。
The Okura school is one of the schools of hayashi-kata (people who play hayashi, or the musical accompaniment) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

福王流（ふくおう-りゅう）は能楽ワキ方の一流派。
The Fukuo school is a school of waki-kata (supporting actors) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

古代の一流作家によって使用された形式を有するさま
having the form used by ancient standard authors

以降、上総介は大曾禰氏一流の官職として固定した。
Since then, Kazusa no suke became a fixed post for the line of Osone clan.

平岩流（ひらいわりゅう）は能楽笛方の廃絶した一流。
The Hiraiwa school is an extinct school of fue-kata (flute players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

それは第一流の競走者の千九百万倍もはやく走ります。
It flies nineteen million times faster than the best race-horse;

勧修寺流の一流である上杉氏の出身で、父は上杉頼重。
She was from one of the branch lines of Kaju-ji Temple line (one of the 13 families designated as 'meike' (one of the court noble family ranks designated to assume a certain official post in government) branched out from the Takafuji line of the Northern House of Fujiwara clan); her Father was Yorishige UESUGI.

この地で刀術の秘伝を学び、一流を開創したとされる。
He was said to have learned inherited secret teachings of art of wielding swords in there, and founded a school.

威徳流（いとくりゅう）は能楽大鼓方の廃絶した一流儀。
The Itoku school is an extinct school of otsuzumi-kata (large hand drum players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

春日流（しゅんにちりゅう）は能楽笛方の廃絶した一流。
The Shunnichi school is an extinct school of fue-kata (flute players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

町の一流のレストランの多くは八月いっぱいは休業する。
Many of the city's leading restaurants close down for the whole of August.

家系は清和源氏の一流河内源氏の流れを汲む足利氏の支流。
The family line was a branch family of the Ashikaga clan that descended from the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), one of the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan).

父の慥慥斉は、藩内一流の陽明学者で容堂の侍講であった。
His father, Zousai ZOU, was a top-grade Yomeigaku (neo-Confucianism) scholar in the domain as well as a jiko (teacher) to Yodo.

特に書道は「一流の祖」と言われるほどの能書家であった。
Especially in calligraphy, she was so good that people praised her as a founder of her own school.

初世高安道善が観世信光の子観世元供に師事して一流を興した。
The first generation head named Dozen TAKAYASU established this school after learning from Mototomo (元供) KANZE, who was a son of Nobumitsu KANZE.

春藤流（しゅんどう-りゅう）は廃絶した能楽ワキ方の一流儀。
The Shundo school is an extinct school of waki-kata (supporting actors) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

彼は一流大学でも楽に大学できるだろうに。専門学校に進んだ。
He would have been able to enter a good university easily if he had tried, but he entered a vocational school instead.

ほか、大同特殊鋼、日清紡績などの一流企業を次々に設立した。
In addition, he founded the leading companies one after another including DAIDO STEEL and Nisshinbo Holdings Inc.

二天一流稽古用の大小一組の「木刀」が松井家に残されている。
And the Matsui family keeps a pair of wooden swords (long and short) made for lessons of Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho.

特に当時一流の陰陽師である有世の権威は相当なものがあった。
Ariyo's authority as a first-class Onmyoji at the time was remarkable.

一流伝授（いちりゅうでんじゅ）とは真言宗の事相伝授のこと。
Ichiryu denju means jiso denju (initiation of practical training) in the Shingon sect of Buddhism.

一流の歌人でもあり、歌は「新続古今和歌集」に収められている。
He was a top grade kajin (waka poet) and his poems were included in 'Shin Shoku Kokinwakashu.'

頼山陽、青木木米、僧雲華などの当代一流の文人と交流している。
He was intimate with first-grade literary persons at that time, such as Sanyo RAI, Mokubei AOKI and Unge, a priest.

身分の低い下級武官であったが、歌人としては一流と賞されていた。
Although he stayed as a low-ranking military officer, he was highly reputed as a topnotch poet.

以後十数年の修行の功を認められ、33歳の時に一流相伝を受けた。
Minehira TACHIBANA is recognized for the support he gave for their efforts over the ensuing decades and, at 33 years of age became the foremost successor to the legacy.

家系は清和源氏の一流・河内源氏の傍系・甲斐源氏の宗家・武田氏。
The family line was from a branch family of Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), collateral line of Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), the head family of Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan), and the Takeda clan.

江戸時代になって、おおむね四座一流の太夫の営利的な興業と化した。
In the Edo period, kanjin-Noh became commercial performances by tayu (leading actors in Noh plays) of Shiza Ichiryu (a generic name given to major five Noh schools: the Kanze school, the Hosho school, the Konparu school, the Kongo school, and the Kita school) on the whole.

義太夫節はあくまでも浄瑠璃の一流派であって、同一のものではない。
Gidayu-bushi is just one Joruri school, but each school is unique.

この低い身分から彼は身を起こして一流のアーティストにまでなった。
From this humble state he had raised himself until he had become a first-rate artiste.

さて君は一流の航空便に乗った事があるかどうかと聞いているんだね。
Now, you ask me if I've flown a major airline.

古くからの一流作品の、未製本の原稿（巻き物とは区別されるような）
an unbound manuscript of some ancient classic (as distinguished from a scroll)

四座一流に次ぐ地位を認められ、幕府の演能にも出演する資格を得る。
Regarded in the post next to the Shiza Ichiryu (four old schools and one new school in the art of Noh), the branch family was qualified in performing Noh plays organized by the Tokugawa shogunate.
Recognized as being second only to the Shiza Ichiryu (a general term for all schools of the art of Noh [Kanze, Konparu, Kongo, Hosho and Kita] in the Edo period), the branch also obtained a qualification to perform in Noh plays staged for the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).

家系は清和源氏の一流　河内源氏の流れを汲む足利氏の庶家　畠山氏。
His family line was the Hatayama clan, a branch family of the Ashikaga clan, which had lineage of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), a branch of the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan).

二十一流に含まれるが具体的に源姓を賜与された子孫の名は伝わらない。
They belonged to one of the Niju-ichi ryu (the twenty-one lineages of the Minamoto clan) who was given the surname of Minamoto but their own names were not passed on.

河内源氏（かわちげんじ）は、河内国に根拠地を置いた清和源氏の一流。
Kawachi-Genji is a school of Seiwa-Genji based in Kawachi province

家系は清和源氏の一流・大和源氏の一門、源頼親の子源頼遠を祖とする。
The family was descended from MINAMOTO no Yorito, a son of MINAMOTO no Yorichika, as the progenitor of the clan, in a line of Yamato Genji, a branch of Seiwa-Genji.

以上の理由により○○流△派などとして同一流派に多くの派がうまれた。
For the foregoing reasons, many styles were formed in one and the same school and name...-ryu (school)...-ha (style).

1614年に家康の命令で観世流の座付となったのを機に一流をなした。
Then he established a school, taking the opportunity of being promoted to a performer under exclusive contract to the Kanze school by orders of Ieyasu in 1614.

一流の職人になるという意味ではある程度長い修行が必要であると言える。
It is true that long training is required to become a first-class sushi chef.

宣安は大鼓方から出て、一流を築き、当時の立会能で活躍した名人であった。
Nobuyasu, who turned from otsuzumi-kata and established his own school, was a master who actively performed in the Noh competitions called Tachiai Noh of the time.

四座一流では演じられない曲目や、その地域独特の舞いを見ることが出来る。
In these local Noh sects, one may enjoy watching performances other than those of 'four theatres, five styles' and peculiar local dances.

秀次は古筆を愛し、多くの公家とも交流を持つ当代一流の教養人でもあった。
Hidetsugu was a first-rank educated person of the day who loved ancient Japanese writings and held cultural exchanges with many court nobles.

吉良氏の所領である遠江国引馬荘（静岡県浜松市）の代官となった一流がある。
A branch of the family came to take the post of daikan (regional administrator) of the Hikumaso, in Totoumi Province (now Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture) which was the territory of the Kira clan.

他の一流芸術に匹敵する庭園は、こうした心のあり方から生まれたともいえる。
It can be said the sophisticated gardens comparable with other first class art were born from this state of mind.

剣術、砲術、弓術、馬術、日本泳法等の日本武術について一流の域に達していた。
He was an expert in the Japanese martial arts of swordplay, gunnery, archery, equestrian art, and Japanese swimming.

また、孫之允の弟子の一人柴任三左衛門は福岡藩黒田家に二天一流を伝えている。
One of Magonojo's disciples Sanzaemon SHIBATO instructed the Kuroda family of the Fukuoka domain in Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho.

家系は清和源氏の一流・河内源氏の一門、源義光を始祖とする甲斐源氏の宗家である。
It was the head family of Kai Genji, belonging to Kawachi Genji, one of Seiwa Genji lines, and was founded by MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu.

『作庭記』が公家自身の手で書かれたように、当時の公家は一流の作庭家でもあった。
As 'Sakutei-ki' was written by a court noble, court nobles at the time were also first class landscape gardeners.

スモレット船長は一流の船乗りで、この立派な船をわしらのために動かしてくれてる。
Here's a first-rate seaman, Cap'n Smollett, sails the blessed ship for us.

石山寺は、琵琶湖の南端近くに位置し、琵琶湖から唯一流れ出る瀬田川の右岸にある。
Ishiyama-dera Temple is located near the southern tip of Lake Biwa on the right bank of Seta-gawa River which is the only river flowing out of that lake.

その後、周りに自分の実力を見せ付けるように他の一流棋士達を先二以下に打ち込む。
Once becoming the Honinbo, Shusai proved the difference by dominating the other top-ranked professional go players who could only play a handicap game of at least sen-ni with Shusai.

八条宮智仁親王、近衛信尋、木下勝俊など当代一流の文化人たちとの交際が知られる。
Enshu is known to have had friendships with some of the most cultured men of his generation, including the Imperial Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito, Nobuhiro KONOE and Katsutoshi KINOSHITA.

流祖平岩勘七親好が伊達政宗の命によって牛尾豊前守に入門して一流を立てたとされる。
It is said that Kanshichi Chikayoshi HIRAIWA established this school after entering a school of Buzen no kami (the Governor of Buzen Province) Ushio by order of Masamune DATE.

大和源氏（やまとげんじ）は清和源氏の一流であり、源満仲の次男の源頼親に始まる。
Yamato-Genji, a branch of the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), was started by MINAMOTO no Yorichika, the second son of MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka.

「そもそも、開山聖人の御一流には、それ、信心といふことをもってさきとせられたり。
'First of all, the policy of Kaisan Sho'nin (Shinran) gives faith first priority.

それどころか良いシステムにおいて最も重要なのは一流の人間を発達させることにある。
On the contrary, the first object of any good system must be that of developing first-class men;

金春禅竹の三男大蔵道加が分家し、子の二世九郎能氏が観世信光に師事して一流を興した。
After Doka (道加) OKURA, the third son of Zenchiku KONPARU, established a branch family, his son, the second generation head Kuro Yoshiuji established the school under the guidance of Nobumitsu KANZE.

通常は一流のデザイナーがデザインを手掛け、仕立てた既製品にのみ当てはめられる言葉。
In general, it is a word which refers to ready-made clothes designed and tailored by name designers.

明智氏は『明智系図』によれば、清和源氏の一流摂津源氏の流れを汲む土岐氏の支流氏族。
According to 'Akechi Keizu,' the Akechi clan is a branch clan of the Toki clan, which is in the line of first-class Settsu Genji of Seiwa Genji.

名目上、藩札の専一流通を規定した藩は数多いが、赤穂藩ほど徹底していた例は稀である。
Although many domains only allowed their han bills to be circulated within the territories, few of them could do this as thoroughly as Ako Domain did.

日本で二刀流を重視する剣術流派としては、宮本武蔵が開いた二天一流が最も有名である。
Niten Ichi-ryu, the school established by Musashi MIYAMOTO, is the most famous among the Japanese sword art schools that emphasize two-sword fencing in Japan.

近世期、観世流は幕府に抱えられる四座一流の筆頭とされ、幕末まで最大の流勢を誇った。
In the early-modern times the school of Kanze was recognized as the head of Shiza Ichiryu that was given patronage by bakufu, and the school exerted the greatest influence until the end of the Edo period.

また、当代一流の文化人であった烏丸光広や本阿弥光悦らの書巻に下絵を描いていたらしい。
He also painted pictures on the books written by top-ranking cultural figures of the time such as Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU and Koetsu HONAMI.

尊瀧院は修験道の一流を担っており、延いては児島高徳を山伏勢力と結びつける説でもある。
The Sonryu-in Temple is one of Shugendo (Japanese ascetic and shamanistic practice in mountainous sites) temples, and accordingly, this theory makes Takanori KOJIMA have something to do with yamabushi (mountain priests).

また元春や隆景の養子縁組など、高度に政治的な策略も多く、政治家としても一流と言える。
He was also a first-rate politician, using political stratagems such as adopting out his sons, Motoharu and Takakage.

熊本時代の弟子に寺尾孫之允・求馬助兄弟がおり、肥後熊本藩で二天一流兵法を隆盛させた。
Magonojo TERAO and his younger brother Kumanosuke (Motomenosuke) were Musashi's disciples in Kumamoto and demonstrated great ability in familiarizing Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho in the Kumamoto domain of Higo Province.

勧修寺流（かじゅうじりゅう、かんじゅじりゅう）は藤原北家藤原高藤流の公家の一流である。
The Kajuji/Kanjuji ryu is one of the lineages of court nobility of FUJIWARA no Takafuji-ryu of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan.

それはいつも流行のもので、それが彼女が唯一流行についていってると思っているものでした。
and it always remained new, and was the only fashion she followed.

組織的な運営において一流の人間は以前よりも確実に、そして早く昇進するのはまちがいない。
and under systematic management the best man rises to the top more certainly and more rapidly than ever before.

ロシアのコンサート・ピアニストで、一流の国際的な巨匠であった（1904年−1989年）
Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)

義演は秀吉の基本設計をもとにさらに構想を発展させ、また当時一流の庭師を作庭に参画させた。
Gien advanced the plan, based on Hideyoshi's basic design, and had first-class garden designers participated in building the garden.

1940年（昭和15年）からは、当時の一流の画家たちを動員して壁画の模写事業が開始された。
The project to reproduce the murals by top artist painters at the time had been started since 1940.

職人としては一流であったが、伝統工芸に理解のない時代だったため世間からは認められなかった。
Joeki was a first-class artisan but since he worked during times when traditional arts and crafts were not appreciated, he received no public recognition.

「卜一（ぼくいち・上野介の上の字を二分したもの）」という茶の号を持ち、卜一流を興していた。
He had the name 'Bokuichi' (the first letter of his name, Kozuke no Suke, was divided into two), and established the Bokuichi School.

当時の一流芸妓は多くの男性の憧れの対象であり、現在のタレント、アイドルに相当するであろう。
A top-grade geisha at that time was an object of admiration for many men and it is considered to be equivalent to a TV star or an idol.

藤原北家嫡流の小野宮流の膨大な家領を継ぎ、また有職故実に精通した当代一流の学識人であった。
FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, who inherited the enormous family territory of the house of Ononomiya, a major branch of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, was one of the most outstanding scholars during his period, and had intimate knowledge of traditional court customs.

安土桃山時代に、京の手猿楽役者初世石井庄左衛門滋長が名人樋口久左衛門に師事して一流を興した。
In the Azuchi-Momoyama period, the first head Shozaemon Shigenaga ISHII who was a te-sarugaku (amateur Noh) player established the school in Kyoto under the guidance of master Kyuzaemon HINOKUCHI.

幸清流（こうせい-りゅう）または幸清次郎流（こう-せいじろう・りゅう）は能楽小鼓方の一流派。
The Kosei school, or Ko Seijiro school, is one of the schools of kotsuzumi-kata (small hand drum players) in Nohgaku (the art of Noh).

以上のような事情により、維新後は長らく一流と認められず、「大鼓方宝生錬三郎派」とされてきた。
With the circumstances mentioned above, it was not recognized as a school and called 'otsuzumi-kata Hosho-ryu of Renzaburo school' for a long time after the Meiji Restoration.

天誅組は菊の御紋の入った旌一流、「七生賊滅天後照覧」と大書された幟一本をつくり、士気を高めた。
Tenchu-gumi made a flag with the Imperial chrysanthemum emblem in it and with the words 'Shichisho Zoku Metten Goshoran' (Heaven will see us to be born seven times to destroy traitors) written clearly with big characters, raising the group's morale.

片桐宗猿に事細かな質問をしており、その他の著書などから当代一流の茶人であったと考えられている。
He asked detailed questions to Soen KATAGIRI and documents show he was considered a first class tea master.

「告白するが、私は当代一流の知識人が受け入れたみたいには、この理論を受け入れる用意がないんだ。
'I confess that I was not prepared to see this theory received as it has been by the best intellects of our time.

当時としてはむしろ、一般に普及した剣道を、「剣術（剣道）の一流派」と認識していたのかもしれない。
It seems that Kendo, which was popular among ordinary people, was regarded as 'one of the schools of Kenjutsu (Kendo)' at that time.

私は一再ならず、ただ自分自身の満足のために、こうした問題の解決に、彼一流の解決法を適用してみた。
And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction, to employ his methods in their solution,

英国の俳優、劇場マネージャで、その全盛期には一流のシェークスピアの俳優（1717年−1779年）
English actor and theater manager who was the foremost Shakespearean actor of his day (1717-1779)

右田弘詮（陶弘詮）は文人としても知られ、宗祇や猪苗代兼載といった当時一流の文化人と親交があった。
Hiroaki MIGITA (Hiroaki SUE) was also known as a man of literature and had a close friendship with the leading men of culture of the time such as Sogi and Kensai INAWASHIRO.

清和天皇を祖とする清和源氏の一流　摂津源氏の流れを汲み、美濃源氏の嫡流として美濃国を中心に栄えた。
The Toki clan stems from the Settsu-Genji, the descendant of the Seiwa-Genji, whose ancestor was Emperor Seiwa, and mainly flourished in Mino Province as the main branch of the Mino-Genji clan.

吉田神道（よしだしんとう）とは、室町時代京都吉田神社の神官吉田兼倶によって大成された神道の一流派。
'Yoshida Shinto' is a school of Shinto perfected during the Muromachi period by Kanetomo YOSHIDA, a Shinto priest from the Kyoto Shida-jinja Shrine.

開山の弾誓を本尊（「植髪尊像」）として祀っているため、「弾誓仏一流本山」とも呼ばれるようになった。
The temple came to be referred to as 'Tanseibutsu Ichiryu-honzan' as the founding priest Tansei serves as the principal image (a statue with implanted hair).

名人笛彦兵衛（檜垣本彦兵衛）の門人であった馬淵頼元の甥、下川丹斎の弟子藤田清兵衛なる者が一流を立てた。
Seibei FUJITA, a follower of Tansai SHIMOKAWA, established this school; Tansai was a nephew of Yorimoto MABUCHI, who was a follower of a flute master Hikobei FUE (also known as Hikobei HIGAIMOTO).

しかし武将としては一流、功績も数え切れぬほどの功労者であるのを良い事に次第に傲慢な態度が目立ち始めた。
However, his success and great achievements as a busho gradually turned him arrogant.

家系は清和源氏の一流河内源氏の棟梁鎮守府将軍源義家の三男源義国の長男新田義重を祖とする上野源氏の総称。
The family line is a generic name of Kozuke-Genji (Minamoto clan) which is descended from Yoshishige NITTA, the first son of MINAMOTO no Yoshikuni, the third son of the Chinju-fu shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of the North), MINAMOTO no Yoshiie who is the toryo (head of the clan) of Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) which a line of Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan).

私はただノーフォークの田舎者にすぎないのですが、しかしそれでも、英国では第一流の旧家であると云うことは、
I am only a simple Norfolk squire, but there is not a man in England who ranks his family honour more highly than I do.

大名にしては珍しく刀工としても一流で、名工・長船宗光に師事したと言われ、後世に幾つかの名刀を残している。
He was also a sword craftsman of the first rank, which was rather unusual for the feudal lords, and studied under a master craftsman Munemitsu OSAFUNE and left some excellent swords for coming generations.

これ以後、洒落本や狂歌本などのヒット作を次々に刊行し、天明3年（1783年）に一流版元の並ぶ日本橋に進出。
After that, he published successful sharebon and 'kyokabon' (book of humorous poems) one after another, and in 1783, he moved to Nihonbashi, where those prestigious hanmoto were lined up.

政治面では無能な藩主であったといわれているが、文化面に関しては当時において一流の人物だったと言われている。
He is said to have been politically incompetent as the lord of domain but said to have been a culturally distinguished person at the time.

上田宗箇流（うえだそうこりゅう）は茶道流派の一つで、広島藩浅野家の家老であった上田家に伝わる武家茶道の一流。
Ueda Soko School is one of the tea ceremony schools and also one of the buke sado (the tea ceremony of samurai family) which has been handed down in the Ueda family, the former chief retainer of the Asano family in the Hiroshima domain.

一流好みで銀座が好きだった中平は、美術の松山崇と組んで、銀座通りの向かい合ったビルの家並みを本建築で作った。
Nakahira favored first class and the Ginza, so that he had a set of permanent buildings on Ginza street built, cooperating with Takashi MATSUYAMA who was in charge of art.

江戸時代末期に池田甚兵衛が両派の美点を一つに合わせ、一流を成し、以降、これが薩摩琵琶として現在まで続いている。
At the end of the Edo period, Jinbee IKEDA brought together the beauty of both schools and established his own school and this has came down to the present time as the Satsuma biwa.

この説話は、武蔵が度々語ったものとして当時の細川藩の二天一流の門弟間に伝えられていた伝聞を記録したものである。
This anecdote had been told among disciples of Niten Ichi-ryu in the Hosokawa domain as a fact which Musashi had often spoke about while he had been alive; Masanao TOYOTA recorded it in 'Buko-den.'

大鼓方金春流は太鼓方金春又右衛門の子三郎右衛門が、大鼓方大倉流五世大蔵源右衛門に師事して一流を立てたものである。
The Konparu school for drum performers was founded by Saburoemon, the son of the drummer Mataemon KONPARU, after studying under Genemon OKURA, the fifth head of the Okura school.

なお、かつて四座一流に所属していた流派であっても、笛方の春日流のように既に廃絶した流派は入会資格に示されていない。
Even the schools that were once part of Yamato-shiza do not qualify for membership in the association if they have gone out of business like Kasuga-ryu of fue-kata.

かつて柱谷元監督は、退任時に地元はじめ周囲の冷淡さを皮肉って「京都人は一流を好む」という談話を残して去っていった。
Once, when the former manager HASHIRATANI resigned his position, he delivered a comment that 'people in Kyoto prefer the first class' to make sarcastic remarks about the cold-heartedness of all around him including the local people, and left Kyoto.

武将としては一流で、禅秀の乱をはじめ多くの功績を挙げている一方で、和歌や書にも秀でた才能を示した教養人でもあった。
Norimasa was not only a top-rated busho (Japanese military commander), but also a man of culture who showed distinguished talent in waka and calligraphy.

能や猿楽を奨励するなど一流の文化人として名を馳せるが、猿楽師を家臣にしようとして家中での反感を買ったこともあった。
While he encouraged a Noh play and Sarugaku (one of the Japanese traditional performing arts spread in Heian period), which made his name as a cultured person of the first rank, he had raised the whole family's hostility to make a Sarugaku-si Actor his vassal.

実資は小野宮流（実頼の家系）の継承者で当時では有職故実に通じた一流の学識者で、権勢におもねらず筋を通す態度を貫いた。
Sanesuke was a successor in the Ononomiya Line (the family line of Saneyori), and at the time he was the foremost scholar who studied and had the knowledge of court rules, ceremonies, decorum and records of the past, and he maintained the attitude of not groveling to the authority.

王立正規軍は国王だけが利用できる一流のユニットです。独立宣言の後で王立遠征軍が到着した時、これを見ることができます。
The King's Regular is a crack unit only available to the Crown. You will see them only when the Royal Expeditionary Force arrives after the Declaration of Independence.

一流の川柳家を選者とした公募川柳作品では、単なる「語呂合わせ川柳」と呼ばれる域を越えて、新しい表現分野になりつつある。
Senryu poems which have been collected from the public and screened by first-rank senryu poets as anthologists have been exceeding the level of mere 'punning senryu' and creating a new field of expression.

大和四座とは観世座、宝生座、金春座、金剛座であるが、更に江戸期に金剛座から分かれた喜多流の五つを併せて四座一流と呼ぶ。
Yamoto-shiza (literally 'The four theatres of Japan') are Kanze-za, Hosho-za, Komparu-za, and Kongo-za. In addition, Kita Style was spun off from Kongo-za during the Edo Period. They are collectively called Shiza Ichiryu (literally 'four theatres, five styles').

大和四座は江戸時代に入ると江戸幕府の正式な音楽担当者と位置づけられ、金剛座から分かれた喜多流を加えて四座一流と呼ばれた。
During the early Edo period, Yamato-shiza was regarded as the official musical function of the Edo bakufu, and it was called Shiza Ichiryu, together with Kita-ryu, which was derived from Kongo-za.

寿三郎とならぶ寿海は関西歌舞伎俳優協会会長の要職にあり、人格もよく芸格も向上して名実とも当代一流の歌舞伎役者となっていた。
Jukai, who was comparable to Jusaburo, held the important post of chairman of the Kansai Kabuki Actors' Association, and with his great personality had become the greatest kabuki actor both in name and reality because of his improvement of the level of performance.

なお足利将軍家は、清和天皇の子孫が臣籍降下した清和源氏の一流（河内源氏）であり、皇胤であるため天皇家とは遠い血縁関係にあたる。
The Ashikaga shogun family is a line from Seiwa-Genji (Kawachi-Genji [Minamoto clan]) whose descendant demoted from nobility to subject so the family was an Imperial descendant (posterity) and was remotely related to the Imperial Family.

現在、四座一流の系統の能楽師たちは社団法人能楽協会を組織しており、能楽協会に加盟している者が玄人の能楽師と位置づけられている。
At present, Noh artists in the system of 'four theatres, five styles' have organized The Nohgaku Performers' Association and members of the Nohgaku Performers' Association are entitled professional Noh artists.

逆に鉄簪は、一流の職人の手になる細工の凝った物であれば、かえって銀よりも落ち着いた輝きが粋とされて粋好みの芸者に持て囃された。
By contrast, iron kanzashi, especially refined products of top craftsmen, were appreciated by geisha because of their mild gloss compared with silver products.

初世進藤久右衛門忠次（1552年～1635年）が、手猿楽のワキとして活躍していた堀池宗活（観世元頼の弟子）に学んで一流を興した。
The first generation head was Kyuemon Tadatsugu SHINDO (1552 - 1635), who had learned from Sokatsu HORIIKE (a follower of Motoyori KANZE), a great waki (supporting actor) performer of te-sarugaku (amateur Noh), before the establishment of this school.

これによって真如苑の法流、すなわち真如密（真言宗醍醐派の故岡田宥秀門跡が命名）が、「真如三昧耶流」という一流派として確立された。
Consequently, one of the systems of religious teachings of Shinnyoen Buddhism, called Shinnyo mitsu (Shinnyo Esoteric) (named by the head priest Yushu OKADA, who was from the Daigo school of the Shingon sect) was established as 'Shinnyo Sanmaya School.'

なお、ドレスデンを離れる前日、ハインリッヒ・エドムント・ナウマンの講演に反論しており、のちにミュンヘンの一流紙で論争が起こった。
Also, the day before he left Dresden, he put forward a counterargument to Heinrich Edmund NAUMANN which later caused a dispute in Munich's most famous newspaper.

脚気病の原因究明を目的としたその調査会は、陸軍大臣の監督する国家機関として、当代一流の研究者が総動員され、多額の予算がつぎ込まれた。
The investigation committee, a state institution directed by the Minister of the Army, was dedicated to looking deep into the causes of beriberi, included all the top researchers of the time and took a huge amount of money.

駐日清国公使の黎庶昌・書記官鄭孝胥・呉昌碩・羅振玉・内藤湖南・狩野直喜・犬養毅・副島種臣などの当時一流の学者や文人と交遊をひろめた。
He widely communicated with top scholars and literatus of the time, such as Shuchang LI, Qing minister to Japan, Xiaoxu ZHENG, Qing secretary, Changshu WU, Zhenyu LUO, Konan NAITO, Naoki KANO, Tsuyoshi INUKAI, Taneomi SOEJIMA and so on.

忠興は情報戦にも長けていたが、その背景には、当代一流の文化人の一人として数多くの文化人や公卿たちとの交流が盛んだったという事情がある。
Tadaoki also excelled in information warfare, something which may be linked to his being one of the most cultured men of his day and having frequent interaction with a great number of intellectuals and court nobles.

真如三昧耶流（しんにょさんまやりゅう）は、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺により顕揚された真言宗の一流派であり、また、真如苑独自の法流でもある。
Shinnyo sanmayaryu is one of the religious schools of the Shingon sect, which was made famous by Daigo-ji Temple, Sohonzan (the head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Daigo school of the Shingon sect, but it's also the system of teachings of the Buddhist Shinnyoen himself.

江戸期よりつたわる上方舞を集大成し、これに能の仕舞を加味して形成された独特の舞が「京舞」であり、現在、京舞の流儀は井上流一流のみである。
Kyomai developed as the result of integration of kamigata mai dances, which have long been performed since the Edo period, with some elements of shimai (Noh dance in plain clothes) incorporated; currently, only the style of the Inoue school is regarded as the Kyomai style.

アメリカ各地にはこの国ならではのカジュアルな食事だけでなく、味にこだわる本格派グルメの舌も満足させる世界一流のレストランが多数あります。
In addition to the casual dining experiences that America is famous for, there are also numerous world-class restaurants throughout the country that will please the palates of even the most finicky gourmets.

黒田藩の二天一流師範、立花峯均が享保12年（1727年）に著した武蔵の伝記『兵法大祖武州玄信公伝来』にも、吉岡家との伝承が記されている。
An instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu in the Kuroda domain, Minehira TACHIBANA (Hokin TANJI) wrote a Musashi's biography 'Heiho Taiso Bushu Genshin-ko Denrai' (Biography of Marvelous Patriarch of Art of Warfare, Esquire Musashi Harunobu), and in that book a legend is found about Musashi's fights with the Yoshioka as well.

一方、ウィリアムソンとマクスウェルの講演で一流の科学者にたいしてこの学説が及ぼしている現在の支配力を明らかにしたのは、つい去年のことです。
while only last year the discourses of Williamson and Maxwell illustrate the present hold of the doctrine upon the foremost scientific minds.

武蔵の兵法は、初め円明流と称したが、『五輪書』では、二刀一流、または二天一流の二つの名称が用いられ最終的には二天一流となったものと思われる。
At first, Musashi called his swordsmanship style of heiho (art of warfare) 'Enmei-ryu' ('Enmyo-ryu'), however, in 'Gorin no sho,' he called it 'Nito Ichi-ryu' or 'Niten Ichi-ryu,' and 'Niten Ichi-ryu' is considered to have been fixed at last.

清和源氏は、二十一流あるといわれる源氏における一家系であるが、武家源氏として歴史上に名を馳せたことにより、清和源氏をして源氏と称することが多い。
The Seiwa-Genji is one of the so-called 21 branch families of the Minamoto clan and it is often considered to be the mainstream of the Minamoto clan due to its historical fame as military Genji.

高弟が独立して新たに宗家を名乗り、一流を立てることが多く行われたためであり、全国的な組織を有する流派もある一方で、きわめて小規模の流派も少なくない。
As many high-ranked disciples became independent, declared themselves to be headmasters and established a school, some have a nation-wide organization and others are very small-scale schools.

正虎は、書を飯尾常房に学び（飯尾常房は1485年に没しているので、実際にはその弟子筋の人物に学んだと推測される）、世尊寺流の当代一流の書家であった。
Masatora learned calligraphy from Tsunefusa INOO (since Tsunefusa INOO died in 1485, it was conjectured that Masatora actually learned from a man who was one of Tsunefusa's disciples), and he was one of the top grade calligraphers of the day from the Sensoji School.

能楽協会は、この四座一流に所属していた諸流派の系譜を継ぐ能楽師たちのうち、素人の習い事としての能楽ではなく、能楽上演を職業とする者が所属する団体である。
Nogaku Kyokai is an organization for the nogakushi who have inherited those schools that were part of Yamato-shiza and who are professionally involved in Noh performances, not the kind taken as a lesson by amateurs.

赤穂藩は領地が山に囲まれた地形のため、領外との取引を行う商人などを除き、領内での藩札の専一流通が確実に行われていたことは多くの史料によって確認されている。
Many historical articles state it is certain that people, except for merchants who had business with outsiders, used only han bills within the territory because mountains surrounded the territory of Ako Domain.

――イングランド一流の名馬がそう長く行方の知れないわけがない、殊にダートムアの北部のような人口の稀れな地方にあっては、そんなことはあり得ないと考えたんだ。
that I could not believe it possible that the most remarkable horse in England could long remain concealed, especially in so sparsely inhabited a place as the north of Dartmoor.

長じた後に大坂では鼎春岳、濱田杏堂、京都では浦上春琴、中林竹洞、山本梅逸ら、当時一流の文人画家と親しく交流するうち文人画の技法を修得したものと推察される。
After he grew up, he deepened exchanges with the top literati painters in those days, such as Shungaku KANAE and Kyodo HAMADA in Osaka and Shunkin URAGAMI, Chikuto NAKABAYASHI, Baiitsu YAMAMOTO in Kyoto and meanwhile he seems to have acquired the method of literati painting.

この『勧進帳』への参加が後の振付において大きな経験となり、また海老蔵ら当時一流の役者達に見込まれたことによって、振付師としての大成に向けた下地が作られた。
Participation in this 'Kanjincho' became a great experience for his later choreography, and also the foundation for a great success as a choreographer was laid down by winning the favor of top grade actors of the times including Ebizo.

何故かというに、この家来の人の「大した高い身分の人」と云った事を思い出し、自分の吟誦を聞きたいと所望された殿様は、第一流の大名に外ならぬと考えたからである。
for, remembering the retainer's assurance about a 'person of exceedingly high rank,' he thought that the lord who wished to hear the recitation could not be less than a daimyo of the first class.

また、少なくとも寛永7年（1630年）には町の絵師としては異例の法橋の位が与えられていたことがわかっており、当時から一流の絵師とみなされていたことは疑いない。
There is no doubt that he was considered one of the top painters of the period--from that fact he was given the rank of Hokyo (rank or title originally given to men and women in the Buddhist order, which was later also granted to artists) in 1630, which, at the time, was extremely rare.

欧米一流美術館20館以上に、20万点以上は収蔵されていると見られ、それ以外に個人コレクションもあり、外国美術品としてこれだけ収集されているのは浮世絵だけである。
Apparently, at least 200,000 or more items of Ukiyoe are kept in storage in 20 or more of the most prestigious Western museums; moreover, various individuals have private collections, thus indicating that Ukiyoe is the only foreign art form that is collected in such great numbers.

上記に類似するが、後に織田家の権力を乗っ取った徳川家としては、信長を一流の武将でないと喧伝する必要があり、その事情から織田軍の劣勢を強調する必要があったとする説。
Similar to the above, a theory suggests that, for the Tokugawa clan, which took over the authority of the Oda clan, it was necessary to trumpet Nobunaga as not a top grade samurai, and in the light of the circumstances, they had to emphasize Oda troops was on the backfoot.

交友関係では、学習院以来の武者小路実篤、細川護立、柳宗悦らの他、梅原龍三郎、安倍能成、広津和郎、安井曽太郎、谷川徹三ら、限定されつつも一流の文化人と交流があった。
His circle of friends was limited, but composed of highly-cultured people of the first order; these included Saneatsu MUSHANOKOJI, who had been his friend since Gakushuin days, Moritatsu HOSOKAWA, Muneyoshi YANAGI, and others, as well as Ryuzaburo UMEHARA, Yoshishige ABE, Kazuo HIROTSU, Sotaro YASUI, and Tetsuzo TANIKAWA.

JAL音舞台シリーズ（じゃるおとぶたいしりーず）は、毎年9月頃に京都・奈良の歴史建造建物である寺院を舞台に、国内・海外の一流アーティストを招いて行われるコンサートである。
The JAL Sound Stage Series is a concert featuring the invited top guest artists in Japan and abroad and is held at a temple among the Historical Landmark Buildings in Kyoto or Nara about every September.

しかし、あくまで芸妓は遊女とは区別され、一流の芸妓は「芸は売っても体は売らぬ」心意気を持ち、決まった旦那に尽くし、その見返りに金銭が報われるというのがその建前になっていた。
However, geigi was clearly distinguished from yujo whereby the first-class geigi was supposed to pride herself in 'selling her arts and not her body' and receiving money in return for being good to her danna (customer).

草創期の講道館の人間は天神真楊流などの柔術出身者が多く、柔術側からも講道館柔道は新しい柔術の一流派くらいに考えられていた（講道館の道場開きに多くの柔術関係者が招かれている）。
In the early days of Kodokan judo, there were many people who came from jujutsu, including those of Tenjin Shinyo-ryu, and people in jujutsu simply regarded Kodokan judo as a new branch of jujutsu; many people in jujutsu were invited on the opening date of Kodokan Judo Institute.

戦国時代 (日本)には、主に秘書的役割もこなし、特に主君の盾として命を捨てて守る役目が大きかったため、幅広い知識と一流の作法と武芸を身につけていなくては務まるものではなかった。
During the Sengoku Period (period of warring states), Kosho took charge of secretarial affairs, in particular acting as a human shield to protect their lord at the risk of losing their own lives; for this reason, Kosho had to not only be knowledgeable and have impeccable manners, but also be skilled in the military arts.

これを引用した系図や伝記、武蔵供養塔が広く紹介されたことから諱を「政名」とする武蔵の小説、紹介書が多数あるが、二天一流門弟や小倉宮本家の史料に、この「政名」は用いられていない。
Since some of his ancestries, biographies and memorials quoted that information, at present there are many novels and trade books introducing Musashi's real name as 'Masana,' however, that information is not found in any materials of Niten Ichi-ryu School, nor of the Miyamoto family in Kokura.

江戸時代後期に活躍した7代・利斎は指物だけではなく塗師としても一流の腕を持ち、黒田正玄や飛来一閑らと合作を作るなど意欲的に製作を行い、長寿にも恵まれ「駒沢家中興の祖」といわれる。
The seventh Risai, who worked vigorously in the late Edo period and was also an excellent lacquerer as well as a joiner, collaborated with both Seigen KURODA and Ikkan HIKI, and lived a long life, being called 'the restorer of the Komazawa family.'

細川家筆頭家老松井氏の家臣で二天一流師範、豊田正脩が宝暦5年（1755年）に完成させた『武公伝』には、正脩の父・豊田正剛が集めた武蔵の弟子達が語った生前の武蔵に関する伝聞が記載されている。
Masanao TOYOTA, another instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu and a vassal of the Matsui clan who had served the Hosokawa family as Hitto karo (the head of chief retainers), wrote the Musashi biography 'Buko-den' in 1755, and recorded tales by Musashi's direct disciples, which Masatake TOYOTA (Masanao's father) had gathered before.

国際的に極度の円安状況だったこともあるが、当時の欧米からすれば日本は極東の辺境であり、外国人身辺の危険も少なくなかったことから、一流の技術や知識の専門家を招聘することが困難だったことによる。
The high salaries were partly due to the fact that the yen was extremely weak internationally, but mainly because of the difficulty in convincing top-class experts in technology and knowledge to come to Japan, which from the perspective of Westerners was a country on the extreme eastern edge of the Far East, a country moreover that held considerable physical danger for foreigners.

吉雄邸を訪れ、あるいは成秀館に学んだ蘭学者・医師は数多く、青木昆陽・野呂元丈・大槻玄沢・三浦梅園・平賀源内・林子平・司馬江漢など当時一流の蘭学者は軒並み耕牛と交わり、多くの知識を学んでいる。
There were many of Rangakusha (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language) and doctors, who visited Kogyu (Yoshio)'s residence or leaned at Seishukan, and most of the leading Rangakusha at the time, including Konyo AOKI, Genjo NORO, Gentaku OTSUKI, Baien MIURA, Gennai HIRAGA, Shihei HAYASHI, and Kokan SHIBA, had contact with him and gained much knowledge from him.

中院流の一流伝授を受けた後、事相の研鑽のためにさらに、他の法流を数年の期間をかけて学んで、（僧侶によっては、寺院の寺務があるため、学び終えるまでの期間には個人差がある）法流の一流伝授を受ける僧侶も多い。
After Chuin school's Ichiryu-denju is completed, many monks pursue further advancement in training by studying other teachings over a period of several years (which may vary by monk because each monk have temple affairs to attend to in addition to training) to receive Ichiryu-denju in such schools.

後宇多天皇は、孫の邦良親王を大覚寺統の正嫡と定めて御領を譲与し、後醍醐天皇の御領も将来は邦良親王に譲与すること、尊治親王が即位しても一代に限り、その子孫は親王として邦良親王の一流に臣事することを処置した。
Emperor Gouda decided that his grandson Imperial Prince Kuninaga should be the heir of Daikakuji-To Line and transferred the fiefs to him, and ordered that the fiefs of Emperor Godaigo should also be transferred to Imperial Prince Kuninaga in the future and that even if Imperial Prince Takaharu took the throne it would be limited to one generation, and his descendant should be subordinated by the line of Prince Kuninaga, as Imperial Prince.

とはいえ、越後国内では長尾実景の滅亡後には大きな戦乱が起きる事もなく、応仁の乱で荒廃した京都から逃れた飛鳥井雅康や万里集九、聖護院道興などの一流の教養人として知られた公家・僧侶が越後に下向するようになった。
Echigo Province did not have any notable disturbances after the downfall of Sanekage NAGAO, and court nobles and Buddhist monks who were known as leading intellectuals such as Masayasu ASUKAI, Shukyu BANRI, and Doko of Shogo-in Temple began to go down to Echigo, escaping from Kyoto which had been devastated by the Onin War.

『武公伝』（松井家の二天一流師範が著した武蔵伝記・宝暦5年（1755年）豊田正脩編）には、「武公平居閑静して（中略）連歌或は書画小細工等を仕て日月を過了す、故に武公作の鞍楊弓木刀連歌書画数多あり」と書かれている。
Musashi's biography, 'Buko-den,' written in 1755 by Masanao TOYOTA (an instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu in the Matsui family), describes his talent as 'Musashi spent his spare time quietly (…omit…) making renga (Japanese poetry), studying calligraphies, painting pictures, making crafts and so on, so many of his works remain including a saddle, a bow made from a willow tree, wooden swords, renga, calligraphy and pictures.'

四度加行を行う過程で、加行を行うための作法で必要とされる事相の伝授が適宜、行われるが、伝法灌頂を受けていないと伝授出来ない行法(修法)があるため、事相の一流伝授を受けるためには伝法灌頂を受けていることが必須条件である。
In the process of Shidokegyo, although the practical training, which is necessary as a manner for Kegyo is taught, denpo-kanjo is essential for undergoing Ichiryu-denju (initiation of practical training in the Shingon sect) because denpo-kanjo is necessary to receive training in the discipline.

四世川柳の門人には、九州・平戸藩6万3千石の大名・松浦清（柳号・松山、流水、柳水）や葛飾北斎（柳号・卍）、都々逸の創始者・都々逸坊扇歌、「偐紫田舎源氏」の作者・柳亭種彦（柳号・木卯）など、当時一流の文化人が名を連ねている。
Men of culture regarded as being of the first-rank such as Kiyoshi MATSURA, a daimyo (feudal lord) of a 63,000 koku fief in Hirado Domain in Kyushu (also known as 松山, 流水 and 柳水), Hokusai KATSUSHIKA (aka 卍), the founder of dodoitsu (Japanese popular love songs of the Edo period in the 7-7-7-5 syllable pattern) Senka DODOITSUBO and Tanehiko RYUTEI, the author of the 'Nise Murasaki Inaka Genji' (The False Murasaki and the Rustic Genji)' (aka 木卯) lined up to be Senryu IV's pupils.

インターネットのかぼそい糸だけで結ばれた、地球全体に散らばった数千人の開発者たちが片手間にハッキングするだけで、超一流の OS が魔法みたいに編み出されてしまうなんて、ほんの 5 年前でさえだれも想像すらできなかったんだから。
Who would have thought even five years ago (1991) that a world-class operating system could coalesce as if by magic out of part-time hacking by several thousand developers scattered all over the planet, connected only by the tenuous strands of the Internet?

中世には「山科荘」（やましなのしょう）という荘園があり、これを代々保持していた公家の一流は後に山科家と名乗っていたが、戦国時代_(日本)を代表する教養人として知られた山科言継の代の1548年に室町幕府によってこれを奪われている。
During the Middle Ages there was a Shoen, or a manor named 'Yamashina no sho,' which had been owned by a noble family for generations, later named Yamashina family, but Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in 1548 deprived it from Tokitsugu YAMASHINA known as a richly cultured person representing the Sengoku period (Japan).

一流と呼べる実績を残した勝家ではあるが、同僚時代の羽柴秀吉や配下である佐久間盛政に軍事命令を無視され独断行動をされたり、従属大名的な存在であった前田利家の秀吉方への寝返りを容認するなど、人の使い方において少し脇が甘い部分もあった。
Although Katsuie left many great achievements, he was a little too mild how he managed others; his colleague Hideyoshi HASHIBA and his subordinate Morimasa SAKUMA ignored his military orders and acted arbitrarily; he tolerated the betrayal of Toshiie MAEDA, who was a subordinate daimyo, when he switched to the Hideyoshi side.

鐘の表面に鋳出された長文の銘文は、文人の橘広相（たちばなのひろみ）が詞を、菅原是善（道真の父）が銘を作り、歌人で能書家でもあった藤原敏行が字を書いたもので、当代一流の文化人3人が関わっていることから、古来「三絶の鐘」と称されている。
This bell has long been referred to as 'Sanzetsu no Kane' (lit. Bell of Three Crafts) as the long inscription cast on the bell consolidates the work of 3 major cultural figures, with the words being those of author TACHIBANA no Hiromi inscribed by SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi (father of Michizane) and written by poet and calligrapher SUGAWARA no Toshiyuki.

おもな例として私立では東武鉄道の根津財閥が武蔵高等学校 (旧制)、当代一流の教育家であった沢柳政太郎が成城高等学校 (旧制)（現成城学園高等学校）、三菱財閥の岩崎家が成蹊高等学校 (旧制)、関西地方の財界人が甲南高等学校 (旧制)がある。
As primary examples, for private schools there are Musashi Koto Gakko (under the old system) of Nezu Zaibatsu (financial conglomerate) of Tobu Railway Co., Ltd., Seijo Koto Gakko (under the old system) (present-day Seijo Gakuen High School) by Masataro SAWAYANAGI who was the foremost educator of the generation, Seikei Koto Gakko (under the old system) by the Iwasaki family of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu, and Konan Koto Gakko (under the old system) by a businessman in the Kansai region,

俵屋宗達は慶長から寛永にかけて活躍した絵師で、光悦の芸術村での独特の表現と技術を凝らした画風がのちに宮廷に認められ、狩野派など一流画壇の絵師たちと並んで仕事を請け負うようになり、町の絵師の出身としては異例の「法橋」に叙任され、今日に残るふすま絵や屏風絵の名作を描いている。
Sotatsu TAWARAYA was a painter who flourished from 1596 to 1643, and his own expression and style of painting with elaborate skills in the art village of Koetsu were later recognized by the Imperial Court, and consequently, he, together with the painters of a painting circle of the first rank such as the Kano school, received a contract for painting work and drew existing fusuma paintings and paintings for folding screens, and was appointed to 'hokyo' (a title for craftsmen including painters and persons of profession such as physicians) exceptionally as a painter who grew up among the townspeople.

しかし江戸時代後期を中心に生じたものには実用性が必ずしも高くないものも少なくなく、一流派ですべての水勢に対して必要な泳法を備えるものはないとされ、1932年、文部省の指示によって日本水上競技連盟は在来の泳法のうち重要なものを採択し、スピードを主とした競技泳法を加えて「標準泳法」とし、国民必修のものとした。
However, those started in the late Edo period were not always practical, and considered that a school could not cope with all the different forces of water, and so in 1932, Japan Aquatic Competition Federation (forerunner of Japan Swimming Federation) selected important ones from the conventional styles, designating them to be 'standard styles of swimming' including competitive styles focused on speed, setting them as a compulsory subject at schools.

松井家の二天一流師範である豊田景英が著した武蔵の伝記『二天記』には、大和国・奈良の宝蔵院流槍術の使い手奥蔵院日栄、伊賀国の鎖鎌の使い手宍戸某、江戸の柳生新陰流の大瀬戸隼人と辻風左馬助等との試合を記しているが、『二天記』の原史料である『武公伝』に記載が無く、また、他にそれを裏付ける史料が無いことから史的事実ではないと考えられている。
A Musashi's biography 'Niten-ki,' written by Kagehide TOYOTA, an instructor of Niten Ichi-ryu Heiho in the Matsui family, describes many fights including a fight with Nichiei OKUZOIN, a master of Hozoin-ryu School of So-jutsu (art of spear) from Nara of Yamato Province, a fight with Shishido, a master of kusarigama (chained scythes) from Iga Province, fights with Hayato OSETO and Samanosuke TSUJIKAZE, masters of Yagyu Shinkage-ryu School from Edo; however, the information on those fights is not found in 'Buko-den' on which Kagehide based, and there is no material to support the tales as well, therefore, presumably, those fights are not historical facts.