それ: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- おいそれと
- at a moment's notice
- readily
- それが初例。
- This was the first of such cases.
- それらを系列社という。
- The original shrine and branch shrines form a group of shrines.
- 神はそれを嫌うとされる。
- It is believed that deities hate it.
- 「それに迷ふでないぞ。」
- Don't be bothered by such a thing.'
- それは以下のものである。
- The standards are as follows.
- だが、それは廃止された。
- But, it was discontinued.
- それが総社(惣社)である。
- It was called Soja.
- 「それは無抵抗ではないぞ。」
- It is not nonresistance.'
- それぞれの工程の職人は次の通り
- A craftsman engaged in each process is as follows.
- それまでは、2面2線であった。
- Prior to that time the station had a two-platform, two-track configuration.
- それを引き上げてみよ」と言う。
- Go and take this piece of wood.'
- また、それに伴う乾燥化等も生じる。
- At the same time, aridification also often occurs.
- 綏靖天皇がそれを破り、皇位を継ぐ。
- Emperor Suizei defeated him and succeeded to the throne.
- それぞれのホームに出入り口がある。
- Each platform has an entrance.
- それはこの駅が開業後も同じである。
- This situation remains unchanged despite this station's start of operations.
- それ以外の時期は駅から徒歩30分。
- This journey takes 30 minutes at other times of the year.
- その場合それぞれの神社を論社という。
- In that case, such shrines are referred to as Ronja.
- それは、かつて京都市東山区にあった。
- It was located in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City.
- それを記念して財団から賞状を受けた。
- To commemorate this honor, Kiyomizu-dera Temple later received a letter of commendation from the foundation.
- それが当社の始まりであるとしている。
- The shrine interprets this description as the origin of the shrine.
- 蚕が祀られているのもそれゆえである。
- This is also the reason for the presence of the silkworm shrine.
- それらは人生のうちでも曲がり角である。
- They face turning points in their lives.
- それぞれに大・小の格が定められている。
- Each shrine was ranked by Major (dai) and Minor (sho).
- それでナマコの口は裂けているのである。
- This is the reason why a sea cucumber's mouth is split.
- それぞれの連絡特急列車は、以下の通り。
- The following are the available connecting limited express trains:
- 特急はそれらを待避させながら通過する。
- Limited express trains pass through this station while obliging the above-mentioned to take refuge.
- それも、高槻への103系初配属である。
- These air-conditioned cars were assigned to Takatsuki Train Depot, for the first time deployment of the 103 series to Takatsuki.
- それを行った人間は非常な威力を発揮する。
- Humans who carry out this action can exhibit tremendous power.
- それが諸般の事情で急遽鹿児島にかわった。
- However, it was hastily changed to Kagoshima for various reasons.
- それが元で死に、黄泉の国に下る事になる。
- She died from this, and went down to yominokuni (realm of the dead).
- それでもピーク時には電力不足が予想された
- It was supposed that, even though these measures were taken, a power shortage could occur during peak time.
- 「それが神の或る活動の時の姿であるぞ。」
- That is an appearance of the spirit at an activity.'
- それ以外の列車は上下線とも1番線に入る。
- Trains other than the above-mentioned, whether inbound or outbound, come in on Platform 1.
- - 直実が鎧を洗いそれを掛けたという松。
- This is the pine tree on which Naozane is said to have hung his armor after washing it.
- 記紀ともに、それ以降の具体的な説話はない。
- There were no further setsuwa (anecdotes) in either the kiki (the Kojiki and Nihonshoki).
- それだけ重要な神とされていたことがわかる。
- This shows what an important god he was.
- 右衛門の陣所は、宜秋門に、それぞれあった。
- the guardroom of the right Emon was at the Gishu Gate, respectively.
- 神霊の回答は「それはならぬ」だったという。
- The spirit answered 'don't do that.'
- その際、それまでの神宝は古神宝と呼ばれる。
- At such an occasion, the jinpo until then is called the old jinpo.
- タイラーとマレットのそれぞれのアニミズム観
- Views of the animism by Tylor and Marett
- それまでは現在駅の出町柳寄りに駅があった。
- The former station was placed slightly on the Demachiyanagi side.
- それ以来、京阪神緩行線の生え抜きであった。
- Since then, these four coaches were used for the Keihanshin Local Line.
- それ以来、唐桑町の人は先祖代々鯨を食べない。
- Since then, people of Karakuwa-cho have not eaten whales for generations.
- それによって、令制官の形骸化が著しくなった。
- As a result, government official posts under the Ritsuryo system became an empty shell.
- しかもそれは『古事記』神話に似たものである。
- These selected mythologies resembled those contained in 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters).
- それを知った天照大神は天岩戸に隠れてしまった。
- Hearing this, Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) hid in the Ama no iwato (Cave of heaven).
- それらを、直霊(なおひ)がコントロールしている
- Naohi controls them.
- 叙位された場合、それを証する位記が交付される。
- A diploma of court rank is issued to certify the conferment of the court rank.
- それまで代々特定の家系が口伝で引き継いできた。
- Before that, specific families succeeded the tanbomori by word of mouth for some generations.
- 『先代旧事本紀』の十種神宝などがそれに当たる。
- Examples include the ten types of jinpo in 'Sendai Kujihongi' (Ancient Japanese History).
- それは自分の天狗のような高慢な心が原因である。
- It is because of their superior feelings like a long-nosed goblin.
- 「十二神社」の社名はそれに由来するものである。
- As the number '12' is read 'juni' in Japanese, the name 'Juni-jinja Shrine' derives from the fact that the shrine enshrines twelve deities.
- それから6年後、高藤はようやく列子と再会する。
- Then, six years later, the couple was finally reunited.
- しかし、明治時代になってそれが「神」と訳された。
- However, with the onset of the Meiji Period, the Christian God was also interpreted as being a 'kami'.
- しかし、それらの内容は寺社によって異なっている。
- However, what they say is different from shrine to shrine or temple to temple.
- それぞれ、六波羅探題北方・六波羅探題南方と呼ぶ。
- They are called Rokuhara Tandai Kitakata (Northern Chief of Rokuhara Tandai) and Rokuhara Tandai Minamikata (Southern Chief of Rokuhara Tandai).
- 十津川郷士、八王子千人同心はそれぞれの項目参照。
- Please also refer to the respective paragraphs relating to samurai from the Totsugawa area in Nara and junior officials in Hachioji.
- それが星祭りや織姫伝承などと結びついたのである。
- They were linked with the star festival or folk stories of orihime, a weaving young lady of noble birth.
- 「それなのに今のやり方でよいと思うてゐるのか。」
- Do you still think that the current way is right?'
- それに関して次のように神霊が述べている帖がある。
- The spirit says about it as follows:
- 本当の怖さは魂のそれだとここでも述べられている。
- It is written here again that what is to fear is actually that of spirit.
- 加茂駅 - 木津駅間は単線、それ以外の区間は複線
- Aside from the single track between Kamo and Kizu, all sections are double track
- それ以後、かつての規模を取り戻すことはなかった。
- Afterwards, it had never recovered its original magnificence.
- それ以降、大正時代まで神職は置かれていなかった。
- After that, a Shinto priest was not appointed until the Taisho period.
- それに追い討ちをかけたのが、相次ぐ戦乱であった。
- This was worsened by the successive conflicts in the area.
- それらは刀塚・蒙古塚などとして日本各地に存在する。
- Such monuments and tumuli can be found throughout Japan, for example in the name of a mound for weapons and tumulus for Mongol warriors.
- それぞれ荒魂・和魂(荒ぶる神と和ぎる神)と表現され
- Therefore gods are expressed as Aramitama and Nigimitama (Araburu Kami and Nagiru kami (tranquil gods)) depending on the occasion.
- それでも本人は元気で気分は至って爽快だったらしい。
- However he was fine and felt very good.
- それによると、三輪山の最端に慶円上人開山堂がある。
- It depicts Kaisan-do Hall (temple where the statue of founder priest is placed), where Kyoen Shonin was enshrined, in the deepest part of Mt. Miwa.
- もとの松は枯れたが、それを引き継いだ二代目である。
- The original pine tree died down; this is the second pine tree succeeding the original tree.
- その光の元を訪ねて行くと、それは霊木の杉であった。
- He went to see the source of the light and found out it was a sacred Japanese cedar tree.
- それ以降も、近代までは「大井社」とも呼ばれていた。
- However, it was still referred to by the name 'Oi-sha Shrine' until modern times.
- それに対応するものとして「国つ罪」が作られたという。
- In response to this interpretation, eventually kunitsu tsumi came to be perceived as the complementary opposite of amatsu tsumi.
- 和歌山県や愛媛県もそれについで合祀政策が進められた。
- The policy was intensively enforced in Wakayama and Ehime prefectures as well.
- それが、大きく変革するのは戦国時代 (日本)である。
- The system had changed considerably in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
- 現・三重県度会郡玉城町岩出大森岩出城址がそれである。
- This is the historic site of today's Iwade-jo Castle in Iwade Omori, Tamaki-cho, Watarai County, Mie Prefecture.
- それ以外にも、この地には中国風の羽衣伝承が伝えられる。
- In addition, Chinese style legends of feathered robes were told around this region.
- それ以外の神社では遷座(せんざ)と区別することもある。
- At all other shrines, sengu is sometimes differentiated from the concept of senza.
- それが、国内神名帳には「正四位三前」と記録されている。
- He is recorded as Shoshiino-sanmae (Senior Fourth Rank sanmae Grade) in the local Jinmyocho (list of deities).
- それが1956年にだされたワトキンス・レポートである。
- This is the Watkins Report issued in 1956.
- それまで早朝・深夜は無人であったが、終日有人駅となる。
- Until then, no station officer was stationed during the period of late night through early morning, but now there is always an officer on duty.
- それぞれのホーム入り口には券売機が1台設置されていた。
- A ticket vending machine was installed at the entrance to each platform.
- これらの列車についてはそれぞれの路線の項を参照のこと。
- See the sections for each line for more information on these trains.
- 両名をそれぞれ長崎へ遊学させ、清人から画技を学ばせた。
- He sent both of them to Nagasaki to learn painting skills from Chinese.
- それに伴い国鉄201系電車・国鉄205系電車運用開始。
- Accordingly, JNR/JR Commuter Train Series 201 and 205 came into use.
- それぞれに特徴的な神体があり、また神体(神)としている。
- Each of them has its own characteristic shintai, and each characteristic deity is worshiped.
- それによって変化する部分もあり、新たに侵入する種もある。
- As a result, some parts change and new species move in.
- しかしイクタマヨリビメはそれからすぐに身篭ってしまった。
- To her dismay, she soon became pregnant.
- 一言主神はそれを受け取り、天皇の一行を見送った、とある。
- Hitokotonushi received these presents and saw them off.
- それらの多くが、鼻が大きいという身体的特徴を持っている。
- A large portion of them are physically characterized by their large noses.
- しかし、それは天明の賢断によって無事に回避されたという。
- However it was avoided without any incident by Tenmei's wise judgment.
- それぞれの計画案が関西電力から関係者に対して提示された。
- Each of these plans was presented to persons concerned with Kansai Electric Power.
- それぞれのホームに出入り口があり、スロープも備えている。
- Each platform has an entrance and a ramp.
- 旅客が車内を汚染するおそれがある不潔な服装をしているとき
- In case that the passenger is dressed filthily so that he/she might contaminate the car interior
- それが、現在、史料ではっきりと確認できる最古の例である。
- This is the oldest description whereby we can clearly identify the temple in a historical material now.
- 戦後は、それぞれの派に別れ、独自の布教活動を行っている。
- It was after the World War II that the branches separated and disseminated teachings independently.
- 1922年それらを移築して現在地での復興を目指すが失敗。
- In 1922, these structures were relocated attempts were made to revive the temple once again but these failed.
- 最初に1~2巻が書かれ、それの増補として3巻が加えられた。
- The first and second volumes were written first, and after which the third volume was added as an enlarged edition of the previous volumes.
- 特に貴い神に「尊」、それ以外の神に「命」の字を用いている。
- The character used to rite 'mikoto' is the character for 'exalted' for paricularly sacred kami, and the character for 'order' for other kami.
- 沼河比売はそれに応じる歌を返し、翌日の夜、二神は結婚した。
- After Nunakawa hime composed a poem in reply, the two gods got married on the night of the following day.
- そして様々な道具や生き物に神が宿り、それを九十九神という。
- Thus gods are believed to dwell in a wide variety of tools and living things and such gods are called Tsukumogami.
- それを正すために甘樫丘で盟神探湯を行ったという記事がある。
- In order to amend the situation, a kugatachi was held at Amakashi no oka Hill.
- それは即ち、情報収集力と、政治的視野に立った判断力である。
- Namely, they have abilities to collect information and make a decision from a political point of view.
- それとは別に闇(ヤミ)から黄泉が派生したという見解もある。
- Aside from this, there is a separate view that Yomi originated from Yami (闇).
- 狭義にはそれに加えて源氏物語の登場人物にちなむものを含む。
- In addition to this strict sense of meaning can be added the names of protagonists appearing in the Genji Monogatari.
- それぞれ都に入ってくる税とその支出についての計算を行った。
- Each person at the post calculated the tax coming into the capital and the amount spent.
- それは、皇位の証として剣と璽を新天皇に受け継ぐ儀式である。
- It is a succession ceremony to transfer the divine sword and jewel to the new Emperor as symbol of the imperial throne.
- 子孫は大和と摂津に分かれ、それぞれ宇野氏、豊島氏となった。
- His descendents were split into two, one in Yamato and the other in Settsu, and formed the Uno clan and the Toshima clan, respectively.
- それと相前後して持船3艘が難破し大損害を受け事業が傾いた。
- Also around that time three of his boats were shipwrecked and his business interests lurched towards heavy losses.
- この旅を記念して三人それぞれが「三嶽道者」を号したという。
- As a memory of this trip, each of them called himself 'Dosha SANGOKU.'
- それに対し、入舟は浄土を此岸に見出す思想を表すものである。
- On the other hand, an incoming ship represents the idea of heading for this world from Nirvana.
- それも1975年前後に終了すると、使用頻度が更に低下した。
- Then, when that was finished around 1975, the use of the tramlines was even further diminished.
- 境内の外に摂末社がある場合もあり、それは境外社と呼ばれる。
- Setsumatsusha may also lie outside of the grounds of the shrine, in which case they are referred to as 'keigaisha.'
- 祖霊(それい・みおやのみたま)とは、先祖の霊魂のことである。
- Sorei (or Mioyanomitama) is an ancestral soul.
- それを敬い、畏敬し畏怖することは当然であると考えれれている。
- Revering and having a feeling of awe for gods is believed as a matter of course.
- あるいは、それから派生して重要な場所という意味でも使われる。
- Or deriving from it, the term Shiniki is also used in referring to an important place.
- そこに稲が生ったので(伊弥奈利生ひき)、それが神名となった。
- There, rice-plants ('ine') ripened ('nari') and this is how the god was given its name.
- イザナギは三貴子にそれぞれ高天原・夜・海原の統治を委任した。
- Izanagi entrusted the three princes with reigns of Takamanohara (plain of high heaven), night and unabara (sea) respectively,
- 左右近衛府からそれぞれ5名ずつ(後に6名ずつ)を定員とする。
- The fixed number of places was five each (later six each) from Sayu Konoefu (the left and right divisions of the Inner Palace Guards).
- そしてそれらを黄泉軍に投げつけると、黄泉軍は退散したという。
- Then, he threw the peaches at the Yomotsuikusa and dispersed them, according to the myth.
- 憲方の没年は応永元年(1394年)で、それ以前の開創である。
- The temple was founded before Norikata's death in 1394.
- それゆえ、この「桙削寺」の後身が子嶋寺であるとする説がある。
- So, there is another view that this 'Hokonoki-dera Temple' was the predecessor of Kojima-dera Temple.
- それ以外の地域は新興住宅地や田畑などがあり郊外の様相である。
- Other areas along the street are new residential areas or agricultural fields, which possess features of a suburb.
- 北からそれぞれ、第一軍道、第二軍道、第三軍道と呼ばれている。
- From the north, the roads were individually called Daiichi Gundo, Daini Gundo, and Daisan Gundo.
- 多くの手水舎は、石材の水盤、それを覆う建物で構成されている。
- Many chozuya consist of a stone water basin covered by a structure.
- 中尊は上品下生印を、他8体は上品上生印をそれぞれ結んでいる。
- The central statue forms the upper grade-lower birth mudra (hand gesture), while the other eight statues form the upper grade-upper birth mudra.
- 生祀は江戸時代に増えたが、それは中国思想の影響であろうという。
- The number of Seishi increased in the Edo period, and this was probably due to the influence of Chinese thought.
- それは神をもてなしたり、神を祀るために絶対に必要な領域である。
- It is the most essential area to enshrine and serve deities.
- それが高皇産霊神の怒りに触れ、その矢を射返されて死んだという。
- It gave such offence to Takamimusubi no Kami who then shot back the same arrow and killed Ame no Wakahiko.
- このように性格の違う両線区であったが、それ以上に違いがあった。
- While the nature of two lines were different as mentioned above, there was a more critical difference between the two lines.
- それを聞いた木幡の里の人びとは涙を流し、念仏の教えに帰依した。
- On hearing this news, the people of Kohata village wept tears of joy, devoting themselves to the doctrine of the Nenbutsu.
- 陸奥は東山道に属するので、この東海道はそれに対する副線である。
- The Tokaido in Mutsu is a secondary route, because Mutsu belonged to Tozando.
- 各国で一宮を名乗り、かつそれが広く認められている神社を挙げる。
- This list includes shrines for which the shrine name contains the title Ichinomiya and those which are widely recognized as such.
- それまでは独神であったが、この代ではじめて男女一対の神となった。
- There had been only one god per generation, and this generation is the first to have a pair of a god and a goddess.
- なお肉食についてはそれを戒めつつも、次のようにも書記させている。
- While it warns against eating meat, it also says as follows.
- 竜体だからといってそれらが全て神界に属すると思うのは誤りである。
- It is wrong that dragon body always belongs to the spirit world.
- それは仏の国(インド)から衆生を救うために流れついたものである。
- This drifted here from the country of Buddhism (India) in order to save the mortals of the world.
- 他にも、かつての宿場町ではそれぞれ歴史資料館などを整備している。
- Additionally, each of the former post station towns has developed its own historic museum and other related tourist attractions.
- それを聞いた天照大神は怒り、もう月夜見尊とは会いたくないと言った。
- Upon hearing this Amaterasu Omikami became angry, and said she no longer wanted to see Tsukiyomi no mikoto.
- それぞれ逆の組合せもあるので、厳密にいえば12通りあることになる。
- Strictly speaking, there are twelve combinations because the order of two Chinese characters can be opposite.
- 父のオオヤマツミはそれを喜んで、姉のイワナガヒメと共に差し出した。
- Her father, Oyamatsumi, was very happy about the news, and he offered him her older sister, Iwanaga-hime also.
- 国人領主の中にはそれまでの地位や自立性を失った者も少なくなかった。
- There were more than a few regional lords who lost both status and the autonomy.
- 便補保と呼ばれる一種の荘園が設置されてそれが乗田の代わりとされた。
- As a result, a variety of Shoen (manor) called a Ben no ho was established in place of the joden.
- 黄泉醜女はそれに食いつくも、食べ終わると再びイザナギを追いかけた。
- Yomotsu-shikome stopped chasing him as she sank her teeth into them but she started chasing again after she finished eating.
- すると今度はタケノコが生えてきて、黄泉醜女はまたそれに食いついた。
- Then bamboo shoots sprouted from it and Yomotsu-shikome again ate them.
- 「それでその身体をどんなにしたらよいかと云ふこと分かるであろう。」
- This way you will know how to keep your body.'
- 東口、西口にそれぞれロータリーがあり、以下の路線が乗り入れている。
- A traffic circle is found at each of the east and west entrance areas, and buses on the following routes stop there:
- それは文禄4年(1595年)自害させられた、豊臣秀次の石塔だった。
- This was the stone monument of Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI who was ordered to commit suicide in 1595.
- それらは西高野街道、下高野街道、中高野街道、東高野街道と呼ばれた。
- These roads are Nishi Koya-kaido Road, Shimo Koya-kaido Road, Naka Koya-kaido Road and Higashi Koya-kaido Road.
- 初層・二層・三層のそれぞれに異なる様式を採用した特異な建築である。
- The lower, middle and top floors of the characteristic building each feature a different style.
- なぎの意味と漢字表記や日本神話などから紐解けば、それぞれ意味がある。
- The meanings of Kannagi varies depending on the Chinese characters and according to Japanese mythology.
- 菊理媛神が何かを言うと、イザナギはそれを褒め、帰って行った、とある。
- When Kukurihimenokami said something, Izanagi offered praise and went home.
- それに対し和魂は、雨や日光の恵みなど、神の優しく平和的な側面である。
- On the contrary, Nikitama refers to the gentle and tranquil aspect of gods, represented by blessings of nature such as rains and sunlight.
- 明治以降もそれらの子孫で士族となった者は「カネ上げ士族」といわれた。
- From the Meiji period onwards, their descendants who in turn had inherited warrior class status were sniped at as 'Kaneage shizoku' (literally meaning `give you money samurai descendants`).
- それでも、戦国時代を通じて被官として独立した地位を有する者もあった。
- In spite of this, throughout the Sengoku Period there were hikan common folk who maintained an independent existence.
- 生物学ではまずはその形態、それにその動きをよく見ることが重視される。
- In the field of biology, it is important to carefully watch the appearance of the object and its movements.
- 「それにはどうしてもミタマ磨いて神かかれる様にならねばならんのざ。」
- Therefore you have to improve your spirit to be able to be possessed by God.'
- それから間もない1953年9月には昭和28年台風第13号が来襲した。
- In September 1953, shortly after that, Typhoon 13 in 1953 hit the area.
- それに追い討ちをかけるように3度の台風被害に見舞われることとなった。
- In addition, the forest was further damaged by three typhoons, as one misfortune followed another.
- いずれの説もその原典になる文章がそれ以前の時代には存在したとしている。
- Both of them stated that the original text existed before the specified era.
- それゆえ、軍人が対象になっていることが多いが必ずしも軍人限定ではない。
- Consequently, the word often refers to military men in many cases but it is not necessarily limited to them.
- 定員はそれぞれ1名、位階などの待遇は主計寮・主税寮と同じとされていた。
- One person was appointed to each of the posts, and their treatments, including their rank, were set to the same as those at Kazueryo and Shuzeiryo.
- 式内社はそれを管理していくために設定されたのではないかとも考えられる。
- It can also be considered that shikinai-sha (shrine listed in Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers)) was established in order to manage the deletion of Seoritsu-hime.
- - 自国の戦闘行為は常に正しく、それに参加することは崇高な義務である。
- - hostile acts by one's own country are always right and participation in them is a noble duty.
- 幽界霊も時によっては正しく善なる事を言うが、それはただ言うだけである。
- Sometimes spirits from the astral world say something right and good, but it is just saying.
- 更にはそれだけにとどまらず次のように続く。(磐戸(一八十)の巻第七帖)
- It continues further as follows (chapter 7 of volume Iwato):
- 「それより己の心に巣くうてる悪のみたまが怖いぞ。」(富士の巻第七帖))
- What is more fearful is evil spirit in your mind.' (chapter 7 of volume Fuji)
- 朝、夕は通学生の利用が多く、それ以外の時間は、主に市民が利用している。
- The station is generally used by students in the morning and evening, and mainly by residents at other times.
- 本項においても、以下ではこの形式に従いそれぞれを別路線と扱い記述する。
- According to the above practice, two lines are to be treated as different lines in the description of this article.
- それぞれ優等列車は停車しない駅であるが、乗り換えの利用はけっこうある。
- Superior trains do not stop at these stations, but passengers use the stations for transfer.
- 庭園の奥には水量の豊かな湧水があり、それを導いた池が庭園の中心にある。
- An abundantly flowing spring is located within the garden's inner area and this creates the pond around which the garden is centered.
- 平成14年(2002年)、それまでの菅原神社から菅原天満宮に改称した。
- In 2002, the name was changed from Sugawara-jinja Shrine to Sugawara Tenman-gu Shrine.
- 以後は1970年代~1980年代は下記以外にはそれほど変化は無かった。
- Subsequently, in 1970s and 1980s, there were not many changes other than the following:
- 聖戦 自国の戦闘行為は常に正しく、それに参加することは崇高な義務である。
- Holy war: Your own country's act of hostility is always right, and taking part in it is a noble duty.
- このことから、三女神は現在のそれぞれの地に降臨し、祀されるようになった。
- Based on this, the three goddesses descended to their respective places where they exist today, and where they are worshipped.
- イワレビコ(後の神武天皇)が東征し、それに抵抗したナガスネヒコが敗れた。
- In the Eastern expedition of Iwarebiko (the future Emperor Jinmu), Nagatsunehiko fought Iwarebiko but was defeated.
- それゆえに、イザナギは黄泉比良坂を駆け下りてきたということが示唆される。
- Consequently, it is possible to interpret this passage as claiming that Izanagi ran down (not up) the Yomotsuhirasaka.
- それは、鎌倉幕府において京都の代表を務める京都守護にも言える事であった。
- The same was true of kyoto-shugo (military governor of Kyoto) who was the representative of the Kamakura bakufu in Kyoto.
- それでも新快速運転中の京都~西明石間の直通運転は不可能となってしまった。
- Nevertheless, it has become impossible to run trains between Kyoto and Nishi-Akashi stations.
- 25施設にそれぞれ1回まで入場無料、そのほか施設、店舗割引が利用できる。
- You can enjoy free admission to 25 facilities, along with discounts from other facilities or shops.
- それでも京都線・橿原線・天理線で運用されるのは、奈良線と共通運用のため。
- Nonetheless, L/C cars are used on the Kyoto Line, Kashiwara Line and Tenri Line, because these cars are in shared operation with the Nara Line.
- それによれば、岡本宮は聖徳太子の遺願によって寺に改められることとなった。
- According to this, Okamoto Palace was converted into a temple following Prince Shotoku's will.
- 延暦寺の僧兵の力は奈良興福寺のそれと並び称せられ、南都北嶺と恐れられた。
- The monk warriors of Enryaku-ji Temple and those of Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara were together called 'Southern City/Northern Mountain,' and their might was feared.
- それは、紅紐の付いた青摺の衣を着た、天皇一行と全く同じ恰好の一行であった。
- They were dressed just like his own group, wearing clothes dyed in blue with red strings attached.
- このことが五位蔵人の設置と、それに伴う機構の整備を生んだ理由と考えられる。
- It is believed that this lead to the establishment of the Goi no Kurodo post and the reason behind the improvements to the corresponding organizational infrastructure.
- 水口にさした木の枝やそれを束ねたもの、花、石などが依代とされることが多い。
- Common yorishiro (object representative of a divine spirit) includes branches or bundles of branches put in Minakuchi, flowers, and stones.
- 伊勢派のはたしたことはそれに対抗する神道側の努力だったと考えるべきだろう。
- It should be considered that what Ise school achieved was efforts of people on the Shinto side who were opposing the party.
- 駅構内は急カーブ上に位置し、線路もそれによって1番線寄りに急傾斜している。
- The tracks curve sharply within the premises of the station, and consequently they're largely slanted toward side of the Platform 1.
- 弥富駅は名鉄尾西線と接続するがそれらしい雰囲気はなく、駅周辺も民家が迫る。
- The line connects to the Meitetsu Bisai Line at Yatomi Station, but many houses are located around the station.
- それが実現すれば、マドリード - バルセロナ間は2時間30分に短縮される。
- When operation is achieved, the traveling time between Madrid and Barcelona will be shortened to two hours and 30 minutes.
- それ以降の尾張においても愛智姓は散見されるが、系譜上の関連性は不明である。
- Although, since then, the families of the name Aichi had been seen occasionally in Owari Province, their connection with the Aichi clan is not confirmed.
- それが再び活性化されたのは、河原町OPAの開店(1998年11月)である。
- Its revitalization was spurred on by the opening of Kawaramachi OPA (November 1998)
- それを怒ったイザナギはカグツチを斬り殺すが、その際に多数の神が化生している。
- Raging against the accident, Izanagi (the husband of Izanami) stabbed Kagutsuchi to death, but a host of gods were born on this occasion.
- また、稲荷・八幡などの有力な神を勧請してそれを主神とすることも広く行われた。
- Also, it became common that Shinto shrines prayed for the coming of powerful gods from Inari-jinja Shrine or Hachiman-gu Shrine to be their Shushin (shushin).
- 大国主らが久延毘古の元へ行くと、それは山田のそほど(かかしの古名)であった。
- Okuninushi then visits Kuebiko with his men to find out that Kuebiko is a scarecrow standing in a rice paddy on a mountain.
- それが命の慢心によるものであったため、命は神の祟りに遭い亡くなってしまった。
- Since he had spoken out of pride, Takeru was cursed by the god and died.
- 分霊された神社の多くは、勧請された神の名前やそれに因む名前を社名としている。
- Many shrines that received a separated deity have their names related to the original shrine.
- 所持地の全部、または一部を「知行」として与えられ、生活の基礎をそれに置くこと
- All or a part of a goshi`s land forming their fief was given to them and was the basis of their livelihood.
- 八省の下に属する寮 (律令制)や司、署、国司に属する郡司などがそれにあたる。
- The Hikan (low ranking clerks) were attached to bureaus within the eight ministries that existed under the Ritsuryo system and, were also attached to offices, sections and village offices in the provinces.
- それによれば、将帥が出征するとき兵一万人以上なら将軍一人、副将軍二人を置く。
- According to this, when a commander went to fight, if the number of soldiers was more than 10,000, one shogun and two vice shogun were supposed to be placed.
- According to the article, an army of more than 10,000 requires a shogun and two vice-shoguns as commanders.
- なお、内豎にも昇殿出来る殿上とそれが許可されない不殿上の区別があったという。
- It is said that there were two categories of Naiju, namely those who were allowed to enter the palace and those who were not allowed to do so.
- 上述のように、甲乙本ではそれぞれ内容に差異があるが、以下はその概観を述べる。
- As mentioned above, there is a slight difference between the first and second category books, whose outline is given below.
- それを持ち帰って寝床の近くに置いたところ玉依日売は懐妊し、男の子が生まれた。
- After taking it home and putting it near her bed, she became pregnant and gave birth to a baby boy.
- それらの廃絶を憂慮した教部省(神祇官の後身)において本書の編纂が発起された。
- Compilation of Tokusen Shinmyocho originated in Kyobusho (reconstituted Jingikan) which was concerned about the risk that those unranked shrines might be eliminated.
- それでも枕木交換できず、犬釘の横に小釘を打ってせめてもの補強すら試みられた。
- The company couldn't afford to replace railroad ties even under such a situation, and tried to reinforce by driving small nails beside spikes.
- 2008年 工学部から理工学部に改組、それに伴い、2学科を改組、1学科増設。
- 2008: Faculty of Engineering was reorganized as the Faculty of Science and Engineering, and two departments were reorganized and one department added.
- それ以後、沿線の苗畑や作業所への通勤や資材、苗の搬入に使われる程度となった。
- Since then, they were used only to commute to the fields for seedlings and work sites provided along the line and for carrying in materials and seedlings.
- 市田停留所を発着する便は、それぞれ28B・29B系統の番号が与えられている。
- Each bus which departs from Ichida Stop is numbered as 28B/29B routes.
- 各戸屋敷神・・・集落の全ての家が屋敷神を持ち、それぞれで祭祀を行なっている。
- General yashiki-gami: All houses within a community have yashiki-gami which are worshipped individually.
- この説話の前半部分、アカルヒメが日本に渡りそれを追いかける部分の主人公である。
- In it, he is depicted as the hero of the tale mentioned here earlier, who came all the way to Japan to chase his wife, Akaruhime.
- ここでは互いのものを交換して、それによって生まれた子の性別で判断を行っている。
- In this tale, the two gods exchange their own object with each other to determine whether or not Susano has bad intentions on the basis of the gender of children who are born out of the objects.
- 1. 聖戦 自国の戦闘行為は常に正しく、それに参加することは崇高な義務である。
- 1. Holy war: One's country's conflict is always right, and it is one's sublime duty to participate in it.
- 荒魂には勇、和魂には親、幸魂には愛、奇魂には智というそれぞれの魂の機能がある。
- Aramitama, Nigimitama, Sachimitama, and Kushimitama have different functions of souls, courage, relation, love, and wisdom, respectively.
- 旧制高校の1学年の定員と帝国大学のそれとは戦前期をつうじてほぼ1対1であった。
- Throughout the pre-war period there was almost a one-to-one ratio between the number of students per year at higher schools under the old system and that of the imperial universities.
- 役行者は一言主を呪法で縛り、日本霊異記執筆の時点でもまだそれが解けないとある。
- According to the ancient text Ryoiki, En no Gyoja cast a spell on Hitokotonushi, which was allegedly still unbroken at the time Ryoiki was written.
- また、和歌などの都の文化を吸収し、それを地方に持ち帰ることもあったようである。
- Also, some at the post learned culture in the capital, such as making waka poems and brought it back to their original provinces
- それと別に、歌舞伎では、死者に代数(=名跡)を追贈(ついぞう)することがある。
- In addition, in kabuki there are cases in which an sequential numbering of a Myoseki generation is granted to a (deceased) predecessor posthumously.
- 左近衛大将・右近衛大将をそれぞれ「左大将」・「右大将」と省略した呼び方もある。
- Sakonoe no daisho and Ukonoe no daisho were sometimes called by their abbreviations 'Sadaisho' and 'Udaisho' respectively.
- しかし、2004年7月からはそれも休止され、2009年3月に正式に廃止された。
- However, the above operation was suspended in July 2004 and the line was formally abolished in March 2009.
- 戸を開けてみると、それは因幡からはるばる虚空を飛んでやってきた薬師像であった。
- Upon opening the door, it was the Yakushi Nyorai statue that had flown from afar to find him.
- それが明治天皇の陵の麓に神社を立てることであり、精神の高揚を図ることであった。
- He aimed to do this by constructing a shrine at the mausoleum of the Emperor Meiji and raising the spirit of the nation.
- それ以上の標高になるとブナ、ミズナラなどを主体とした冷温帯林構成種が見られる。
- In areas higher than this, plants in cool-temperate forests, including beech and Mongolian oak, are found.
- しかし、それも、映画人口の減少と、マイカルの経営破綻によって、一時期低迷する。
- However, for a while, a depression was caused by a decrease in movie goers as well as the bankruptcy of Mycal.
- それにならって各地の神社・寺院へ参拝するための数多くの講も作られるようになった。
- Following this, a large number of ko for shrine and temple visits were established in various parts of Japan.
- 以上5ヶ所はそれぞれ捕鯨に直接または、間接的(捕鯨基地など)に係わる場所である。
- The five locations above are all directly or indirectly (base for whaling, etc.) related to whaling.
- 男性の場合は社会的にも責任が重くなり、それゆえ精神的・肉体的にも疲労などが多い。
- Assuming heavy social responsibilities, men often suffer from mental and physical exhaustion.
- 1950年に設立され、1955年に廃止された和歌山県立理科短期大学がそれである。
- Wakayama Prefectural Junior College of Sciences was one such school that was established in 1950 but it was abolished in 1955.
- それを表すように、仏教の天部の神々のほとんどはインドのヒンドゥー教を由来とする。
- This is evidenced by the fact that most Buddhist Tenbu (Deva) gods originate from Hindu, India's indigenous religion.
- それまで歴代の天皇の霊は黒戸で仏式で祀られていたが、これに伴い黒戸は廃止された。
- Prior to this, the souls of successive Emperors were honored at the Kurodo (structure used for private religious observances at the Imperial Palace) in a Buddhist ritual, but Kurodo was abolished thereafter.
- 「院」はすなわち太上天皇、「女院」とはそれに準ずる待遇を受けた女性のことである。
- 'In' means a retired emperor, and 'Nyoin' means a woman who gets treated in a similar fashion.
- 廃止にあたってはそれまで世襲していた者は士族に、一代限りの者は平民に編入された。
- In the abolition of Sotsuzoku, the hereditary Sotsuzoku was incorporated into Shizoku (the samurai class), and the one-off generation of Sotsuzoku into Heimin (commoner).
- 抱席(抱入(かかえいれ)とも)はそれ以降に新たに御家人身分に登用された者を指す。
- `Kakaeseki` (also called kakaeire) families were those families had been newly promoted to the status of Gokenin.
- 「夜になれば眠ったときはお返ししてゐるのざと思へ、それでよく分かるであろうが。」
- It will become clear when you consider that when you are sleeping at night, you are returning your body.'
- それにともない「征夷大将軍」は武家の最高権威であり、日本の実質的な君主となった。
- Along with that Seii Taishogun was the highest authority of the warrior families and Japan's substantive sovereign.
- 霊の邪道的要求を受けて一時的に病気を治すと、それに倍になってぶり返すものである。
- If you accept a wrong demand of a spirit to recover from your illness, you will have a double setback after a temporary cure.
- いつどこにそれらが来るのかと待ち望んでいるような心は悪魔に使われているのである。
- When you are expecting when and where those happen, you are being manipulated by a devil.
- 日本には日本の守護の神、中国には中国の、外国には外国のそれぞれの守護の神がいる。
- Japan has a Japanese guardian god, China has a Chinese guardian god, other countries have each country's guardian gods.
- 良い言葉ならば、たとえ悪神が語ってもいいのでは?とも思えるが、それは理屈である。
- You may think that if it is good words, even evil gods can tell those, but that is just twisted logic.
- 複線区間では最高速度が110km/hで運転され、それ以外では95km/hである。
- The maximum train speed is 110 km/h in double-track sections, or 95 km/h in other sections.
- 東山三条駅と蹴上駅はそれぞれ現在の地下鉄東山駅 (京都府)、蹴上駅とほぼ同位置。
- Higashiyama-Sanjo Station and Keage Station were located at the same place with the current Higashiyama Station (Kyoto Prefecture) and Keage Station of the subway, respectively.
- また、大津線の区間制が変更され、京津線内の区間が、それまでの3区から4区となる。
- At the same time, the fare section system of the Otsu Line was revised and the number of fare sections of the Keishin Line increased from three to four.
- 4社ともそれぞれの営業所に配備されている大型車もしくは中型長尺車を使用していた。
- The four companies used large-sized a long middle-size vehicle which was provided at each office.
- アヤカシコネはそれを「あやにかしこし」と美称したもの(『古事記伝』による)である。
- Ayashikashikone praised it by saying 'ayanikashikoshi' (meaning 'surprisingly wonderful') according to the Kojikiden (Commentaries on the Kojiki).
- 太陽神(お日様・日輪)にとっての太陽(日)やそれを象徴する鏡などが依り代にあたる。
- The yorishiro for the sun god (also called ohisama or nichirin) are the sun (hi) and a mirror, which is a symbol of the sun.
- しかし、基本的には記紀、風土記をそれぞれ眺めると出雲との結びつきが強い神といえる。
- However, it could be said that he basically developed strong ties with Izumo by looking at the historical records called Kiki and Fudoki.
- もともと漢語で「地下の泉」を意味し、それが転じて、地下の死者の世界の意味となった。
- The term originally meant 'underground spring' in classical Chinese, but its meaning gradually changed to mean the underground world of the dead.
- それにより、自らの統治機構が律令制に基づく公的性格を帯びる意義を持ったことによる。
- This event had such significance that his own governing system took on a formal attribute based on the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
- 国人領主の領域支配は、それ以前の在地領主と比べて土地と農民の支配がより強固である。
- Regional governance by kokujin ryoshu was stronger against land and farmers compared to governance by the resident feudal lords before them.
- 豊臣秀吉は、読み書きが不得手であり、それを補うべく耳学問として御伽衆を多く揃えた。
- As Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was not very good at reading and writing, in order to make up for that he had many otogishu for learning by the ear.
- 伊勢神宮のほかにも同名の役職が置かれる場合があったが、それらとは明確に区別される。
- Posts using the name of Saishu were established in shrines other than Ise-jingu Shrine, but these posts were clearly different.
- 加えて、それまでの整備が雑であったことから、どんどん車両のレベルが低下していった。
- Further, as the maintenance of these cars had not been done properly, quality of cars of the Keihanshin Local Line declined rapidly.
- 早朝は基本的に奈良・木津始発だが、それ以外は同志社前・京田辺・松井山手発着となる。
- Basically during the early morning, they start from Nara, Kizu, but except for these, departures and arrivals are at Doshishamae, Kyotanabe, and Matsuiyamate.
- 一般的に本線系路線は「本」を略してそれぞれ神戸線・宝塚線・京都線と呼ぶことが多い。
- Generally speaking, the main lines are often referred to with the word 'main' omitted, as in the Kobe Line, Takarazuka Line and Kyoto Line.
- 紀伊は古来より林業の盛んな地であったので、それらの人々が信仰していた神と考えられる。
- Kii Province had been an important region for forestry since ancient times and it is believed that Isotakeru was worshipped by people in that industry.
- これ以後も、神道家や平田派の国学者によって、それぞれ独自の祭式で自己の霊魂を祀った。
- After that, Shintoists and scholars of Japanese classical literature in Hirata-ha school worshipped their own souls in accordance with their established ritual procedures.
- 神饌には季節の野菜、魚介類なども供えられるのでそれを調理した物が出される場合が多い。
- In many cases, vegetables and fish of the season are offered to the god and then cooked for the naorai.
- それに、別個に成立したと思われる本が加えられ、これが4巻、5巻であったと考えられる。
- It is thought that the fourth and fifth volumes, which are considered to be independently-created, were incorporated into those volumes.
- 祖霊舎(それい しゃ・みたま や)とは、神道において祖先の霊を祭るための神棚である。
- Soreisha (or Mitamaya) are household altars that are used in Shinto to enshrine ancestral spirits.
- 便宜上、それらは特殊神饌と呼ばれ、熟饌を中心とした、調理されたものが献饌されている。
- Such a rare Shinsen is called Special Shinsen, for convenience, and Jukusen, a cooked type, is mainly offered..
- それ故日本へ伝来すると妙見菩薩や天之御中主神等と習合し、星辰信仰に影響を与えている。
- When Genten-jotei was introduced to Japan, it consequently syncretized with Myoken bosatsu and Ame no minakanushi no kami whereby having impact on Seishin worship.
- 『古事記』には即位に際して神宝(神器)またはそれに類する品の宝剣に関する記事はない。
- No description is found in 'Kojiki' regarding sacred treasures (Jingi) or the equivalent hoken (treasured sword) for enthronement.
- またブルーリボンシティ・ワンステップとエルガLVもそれぞれ2台と1台導入されている。
- Additionally, two Blue Ribbon City one-step and an ERGA LV were introduced.
- 2007年9月には、それまでの利用状況などから、運行コースや運賃などの改定を行った。
- In September 2007 there was an overhaul of routes and fares etc. that had been in place until then.
- 快速列車と区間快速のそれぞれ一部が当駅で折り返す(上り区間快速はこの駅までの設定)。
- Some of the rapid trains and regional rapid trains return to this station (it is set so that the operation of the inbound rapid trains provide service up to this station).
- また、駅南側の川岡踏切などは両側を道路に挟まれており、それによる渋滞も発生している。
- Additionally, the Kawaoka (railway) crossing south of the station is situated between the streets, resulting in traffic congestion.
- 南門と本堂の間には、雑木林の中に金堂、東西両塔の跡があり、それぞれ礎石が残っている。
- There still remain foundation stones, the ruins of the golden hall and the east and west towers, in the wooded area between the south gate and the main hall.
- 2003年の社殿の塗り替えの時にわずかに残された色彩が発見されそれを元に復元された。
- When it was repainted in 2003, minute traces of colour were discovered which were used to restore it to its former glory.
- 2009年 文学部心理学科が心理学部に改組され、それに伴い全学年を京田辺校地へ移動。
- 2009: Department of Psychology within the Faculty of Letters was reorganized as the Faculty of Psychology, and all students in the faculty were relocated to Kyotanabe Campus.
- これらは、それまで幕府の支配下になかった荘園で、幕府の権限が及び難い西国に多くあった。
- These were shoen (manor in medieval Japan) which were not governed by the bakufu until then, and many were in the west where bakufu's authority was hard to reach.
- それによって与えられる身分は、「一領一匹」と「地士」以外は概ね「足軽格」程度であった。
- Basically, the status conferred this way almost identical with that of the foot soldiers (with the exception of 'Ichiryo-ippiki' (goshi senior Hosokawa clansmen) and upper-rank rural based samurai).
- なお、平知盛・明智光秀が征夷大将軍に任命されたとの俗説もあるが、それを示す史料はない。
- In fact, although there is an apocryphal tale that TAIRA no Tomomori and Mitsuhide AKECHI were appointed to Seii Taishogun, there is no historical evidence to indicate so.
- 討死の際に敵将の首に噛み付き睨んで放さず、敵はそれが因で死んだと言う逸話が残っている。
- According to an anecdote, when he was dying, he bit an enemy's neck and glared at him without releasing it, which caused the enemy to die.
- 義国は足利氏・新田氏の祖であり、以降、両氏は下野・上野にそれぞれ勢力基盤を築いている。
- Yoshikuni was the founder of the Ashikaga clan and the Nitta clan, and afterward both clans built the basis of power in Shimono and Ueno, respectively.
- この他、境内南西隅の一段低い土地に三重塔が、境内南東部には大湯屋がそれぞれ建てられた。
- In addition to these, a three-storied pagoda was built on a sunken area at the southwestern corner of the precinct and the Oyuya (Bath House) was built in the southeastern area of the precinct.
- 各像の光背にはそれぞれの像に対応する種字(各尊を梵字1字で象徴的に表したもの)を刻む。
- The halo of each statue is engraved with a shuji (the characteristic one syllable word to depict the Bodhisattva, which is a Sanskrit syllable symbolizing each statue).
- それを理論づけようとした本地垂迹説の「権現」名のようにどちらともつきがたい場合もある。
- There are also circumstances for when the distinction between Buddhism and Shinto is unclear such as the name 'Gongen' (avatar), which arose from the manifestation theory (holding that Shinto Kami are manifestations of Buddhist deities) that attempted to consolidate the coexistence of the two beliefs.
- 直実はここ黒谷に至り、鎧を洗い、それを松の枝にかけ、馬をつなぎ、法然上人の門を叩いた。
- Naozane came to the land of Kurodani, where he washed his armor, hanged it from a branch of a pine tree, and yoked up his horse; then he sought to be a disciple of Honen Shonin (a term given to a virtuous Buddhist priest).
- 元々は二上山の2つの山頂・雄山と雌山にそれぞれ男神・女神が祀られていたものとみられる。
- It seems that a god and a goddess had originally been enshrined at each top of Mt. Oyama and Mt. Meyama in the Nijo-zan mountain range.
- 七条通と塩小路通の間のみは片側二車線であるが、それ以外の区間は一方通行の細い道である。
- It is a narrow one-way street excluding the section between Shichijo-dori Street and Shiokoji-dori Street which consist of two-lanes on each side.
- 近世以降、それを不服として訴えが続けられ、明治以降になってようやく独立の神社となった。
- Objections to this rise had continued since the early modern period and the shrine finally became independent during after the Meiji period.
- 伊勢神宮を型取り、内宮の森、外宮の社とし、天照大御神と豊受大御神をそれどれ祀っている。
- The gardens are themed around Ise-jingu Shrine with a forest representing the inner shrine and a shrine representing the outer shrine, which enshrine Amaterasu Omikami and Toyouke-no Omikami respectively.
- さかのぼれば、明治以前は集落ごとに大小さまざまな神社があり、それぞれに鎮守の森があった。
- In the past, before the Meiji period, there used to be shrines of varying size in each settlement, each surrounded by a Chinju no Mori.
- それによれば昔、ある農家に娘がおり、家の飼い馬と仲が良く、ついには夫婦になってしまった。
- According to this tale, there was a girl in a farmhouse, who was close with the horse they had and eventually became husband and wife with it.
- かつて、神に布帛を奉る時には木に挟んで備えていたが、それが変化したのが今日の御幣である。
- Originally, offerings of fuhaku (cotton, silk, textile fabrics) were presented to the god by clipping them into a wood staff, and this practice forms the origin for today's customary gohei.
- 安土桃山時代になると著名な画家による絵馬が持て囃されそれらを展示する絵馬堂も建てられた。
- In the Azuchi-Momoyama period, ema by distinguished artists were lionized and emado (shrine building where ema were hanged) were built to exhibit them.
- これに際し東京では、行灯に地口とそれに合わせた絵を描いた地口行灯を街頭に飾ることがある。
- In Tokyo, to cerebrate the festival, jiguchi-andon (paper-enclosed lanterns) with a jiguchi (pun) and a matching picture drawn on them, are hung along streets.
- それ以外では、1119年(元永2)の晩秋から行われた白河法皇の熊野詣の供人、から見ると、
- Other than these, those who accompanied the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa for his pilgrimages to Kumano Sanzan beginning in the late fall of 1119 were as follows.
- 内談(ないだん)とは、室町幕府の諸機関それぞれで行われていた部局内の会議のことであった。
- Naidan originally meant meetings in the departments held within the various sections of the Muromachi bakufu.
- 少しでも、怪しいと思った場合はそれが神の言葉でも裏表の見境もなく闇雲に信じてはならない。
- Don't believe it blindly even something that you hear as God's words, when you feel it suspicious.
- 田村麻呂はそれまで頑強に戦ってきた胆沢の蝦夷のアテルイを京へ連れ帰り、その地を征服した。
- Tamuramaro brought Aterui, of the Ezo of Isawa, who had fought stubbornly until then, back to the capital, thereby conquering that land.
- 1973年(昭和48年) ホームがそれまでの島式2面4線から相対式2面2線に改造される。
- 1973: The station layout was changed from two island platforms serving four tracks to two opposite platforms with two tracks served between them.
- また、それまで京阪の上りホームで営業していた売店が閉店し、代わりに自動販売機が置かれた。
- A kiosk stall that had operated on the Keihan inbound platform was closed, and automatic vending machines were installed in its place.
- この呼び方はナンバープレートの色が事業用車のそれに対して白地緑文字であることに由来する。
- This name comes from the fact that license plates of these types of taxis are painted green against a white background, while those of legal taxis are different.
- それゆえに下記のような統一性や「きらら」のような独自の車両を生み出す結果ともなっている。
- This led to the following common feature or the creation of a unique car such as 'Kirara.'
- 現在、かたわらに1935年頃再建された小堂が建つのみで、それより古い建物は残っていない。
- At present, a small pagoda, which was rebuilt around 1935, stands beside the remains of the Five-Storied Pagoda and no other buildings older than the small pagoda remain.
- それを発見した付近に住む娘おふさが小さな堂を建立して観音を祀ったことが起源とされている。
- A young girl who lived in the neighborhood of Ofusa found the deity and built a small hall to enshrine it.
- 発掘調査の結果、法隆寺再建伽藍(現存)に近い瓦と、それより一段階古い瓦とが出土している。
- As a result of excavations, roof tiles quite similar to those used for the reconstruction of Horyuji-Temple (existent architecture) and more aged ones have been found.
- 結果としてそれは、鉄道省・日本国有鉄道の蒸気機関車に著しい技術的停滞を招くことになった。
- It resulted in a marked technological stagnation for steam locomotives of the Ministry of Railways/JNR.
- しかし、形式を見ると、いずれもC11形かそれ以下の小型機に集中していることがうかがえる。
- However, focusing on their types, we know they center on the C11-type or smaller-type locomotives.
- 奈良春日社と同じ藤原氏の氏神を祀る大原野神社はそれに準ずる扱いを受け、二十二社に列した。
- As Oharano-jinja Shrine enshrined same Fujiwara clan ujigami as Nara Kasuga-sha Shrine, it received the same treatment and was included in the Twenty-Two Shrines.
- 東京大学が「帝国大学」となるとその予備教育機関は全国5学区にそれぞれおかれることになった。
- The University of Tokyo becoming an 'imperial university' meant that a preparatory educational institution was to be placed in each of the five school districts throughout Japan.
- これを新補地頭(しんぽじとう)といい、それ以前の地頭は本補地頭(ほんぽじとう)と呼ばれた。
- These newly appointed land stewards were called 'shinpo jito' (new land stewards), while the existing ones were called 'honpo jito' (hereditary land stewards).
- それは一族内の生きている者を扶養するだけでなく、死者(一族の先祖)の墓を守ることをも含む。
- The implication is that family members must be supported not only while living but also, the graves of dead ancestors of the family must be tended.
- 在地領主は在地に宅と呼ばれる居住空間とそれに付属する門田畠と呼ばれる直営地を保有していた。
- The local lord had his residence and adjacent farm land, called Kadotabata, in his local land.
- それによれば儺祭(節分・鬼やらい)や庭火・竈神の祭、御本命祭、三元祭などが挙げられている。
- According to 'Onmyoryo' of 'Engishiki,' Oniyarai-sai (儺祭) (setsubun and oniyarai), niwabi (garden fire), Kamadogami no matsuri (Festival of the god of kitchen stove), Gohonmei-sai (御本命祭),and Sangen-sai (三元祭) are mentioned.
- 動物(身体障害者補助犬、またはそれと同等の能力があると認められた犬や愛玩用の小動物を除く)
- Animals (except assistance dogs or other dogs with equal ability as an assistance dog, or small animals as pets)
- 鉄道省もそれに呼応する形で、1938年11月1日から、省電区間での2等車の連結を廃止した。
- In response to the above, the Ministry of the Railway abolished second-class cars in the urban area as of November 1, 1938.
- また娘も二人おり、それぞれ近衛家家臣の進藤長定(長治の孫)と赤穂藩士進藤俊式に嫁いでいる。
- He also had two daughters and married them to Nagasada SHINDO (a grandson of Nagaharu), a vassal of the Konoe family, and Toshimoto SHINDO, a feudal retainer of the Ako clan, respectively.
- それらの問題の緩和を狙って洛西口駅が開業(かつての物集女駅とほぼ同位置)する運びになった。
- Under the circumstances, and to improve the situation, Rakusaiguchi Station was opened (at basically the same location as the old Mozume Station).
- しかしそれでも諸事情で乗り入れ列車の1/3程度に留まっている(昼間時は2本に1本の割合)。
- However, due to many circumstances the number of trains traveling all the way to Uzumasa-tenjingawa Station is still approximately one-third of all trains coming from the Keishin Line (one-half in the daytime).
- 聖武天皇が大仏造立の詔(みことのり)を発したのはそれより前の天平15年(743年)である。
- Prior to this, in 743, Emperor Shomu issued an edict to construct the Great Buddha.
- 石造五輪塔(2基) - それぞれ嘉元2年(1304年)および貞和5年(1349年)の建立。
- Two stone gorinto - Erected in 1304 and 1349 respectively.
- また、須弥壇の東西端にはそれぞれ梵天・帝釈天像、須弥壇の四隅には四天王像が安置されている。
- There are also statues of Bonten and Taishakuten on the east and west sides of the altar, respectively, and the Shitenno are at its 4 corners.
- それ以前の寺史はあまり明らかでないが、長徳年間(995-999年)、寂照が中興したという。
- The history of the temple after this time is unclear but it is known to have been restored by Jakusho between the year 995 and 999.
- そこで住吉三神は海中に舞台を構えて磯良が好む舞を奏して誘い出すと、それに応じて磯良が現れた。
- Sumiyoshi Sanjin (Sumiyoshi three deities) made the stage in the sea and performed Isora's favorite dance to entice him to come out, and he accepted.
- それによればオシラ様のご神体を両手に持ち廻し、その馬面の向いた方角へ行くという風習があった。
- According to this, there was a custom to hold the shintai of Oshirasama in both hands and spinning them, and going to the direction which the bamen (mask for horses) turned to.
- 後述する怨霊や御霊に対する考え方もそれほど特殊なものではなかったと見るべきではないだろうか。
- So, a belief in onryo (restless souls) or goryo (honorable spirits), which we are going to discuss, should not be regarded as unique.
- 太陽神は本来男神であるが、それに仕える巫女が太陽神と同一視され、女神になったとする説がある。
- According to a theory, a miko who had served the god of the sun came to be regarded as identical to the god himself; this caused the god to be thought of as female, although the god of the sun is typically male.
- それは、律令制的な統治方法によらなくとも、一定の租税を徴収することが可能になったからである。
- This was because it became possible to collect these taxes without relying on the Ritsuryo system of governance.
- なお、関東管領職は、それまで執事であった上杉氏や畠山氏が繰り上がって管領を称するようになる。
- In addition, the Uesugi clan and the Hatakeyama clan who had been Shitsuji (the Shogun's assistant) were moved up to Kanto Kanrei.
- 平正盛・平忠盛親子はこの北面の武士の筆頭となり、それをテコに院庁での地位を上昇させていった。
- TAIRA no Masamori and his child, TAIRA no Tadamori, became the head of hokumen no bushi, and used it as leverage to advance their positions in the office of the retired emperor.
- 上皇・法皇は退位後、内裏から退去して仙洞御所に移るのを常とし、里内裏が多くそれにあてられた。
- Retired and cloistered emperors typically retired from the dairi (Imperial Palace) and moved to the sento gosho after abdicating, and the satodairi (a temporary palace) was often used for this purpose.
- 以後、局務・官務・出納はそれぞれの管轄下の地下官人を統率する催官人としてその地位を世襲した。
- Since then, the posts of Kyokumu, Kanmu and Suino became hereditary posts, and persons appointed to these posts were called Saikanjin who were supposed to command jigekanjin under their respective jurisdiction.
- そのため後に改めて形代としての剣を伊勢神宮の神庫から選び出し、それが現在皇居に存在している。
- Later on another sword as a katashiro was selected among swords stored in the sacred warehouse of the Ise Jingu Shrine and has existed since ancient times.
- 伏見稲荷大社参拝の最寄り駅ということもあり、それを意識してか駅の柱が一部朱色に塗られている。
- Inari Station is the nearest station in order to go and worship at Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine, and the station, aware of the circumstances, has some of its pillars painted vermilion.
- 2002年から近鉄特急の停車駅となっているが、それ以前は年末年始の臨時特急のみの停車だった。
- In 2002, Kintetsu-Tanbabashi Station became a stop for the Kintetsu limited express train, but before that only the Special Limited Express service made stops at this station at the beginning and the end of the year.
- それ以前は、比奈駅から有蓋車(国鉄ワム80000形貨車)で発送される紙製品を取り扱っていた。
- Prior to that date, the station had handled the paper products transported from Hina Station in a box car (JNR Freight Car WAMU 80000).
- それ以前は、英語表示のない赤地に白文字の幕(色は2003年以降の特急と同じ)を使用していた。
- Before then, a red-background rollsign with white letters was used but without any indication in English (the background color is the same red that the limited express has used since 2003).
- それにさきがけ、興福寺別当だった一乗院および大乗院の門主は奈良華族として還俗させられていた。
- Prior to this, the chief priests of Ichijo-in Temple and Daijo-in Temple (both sub temples) who retained control over Kofuku-ji Temple were forced to return to secular life as members of the Nara peerage.
- それによれば、この時、「書生(書き手)を集めて川原寺において初めて一切経を書写した」という。
- According to the article, 'writers were gathered at Kawara-dera Temple to transcribe the complete Buddhist scriptures for the first time'.
- それに合わせ、現在の綾部北本線料金所(綾部JCT)は撤去され、綾部安国寺料金所が新設される。
- Consequently, the current Ayabekita toll barrier (Ayabe Junction) will be replaced by the Ayabe Ankokuji Tollbooth.
- だがそれでも鉄道の電化率はまだ10%程度であり、依然蒸気機関車が輸送の主役に立ち続けていた。
- However, the electrification rate of railroads was only about 10%, so steam locomotives were still playing a major role in transportation.
- 無数の石碑(その数、一万基、あるいはそれ以上とも言われる)が存在し、「お塚」と呼ばれている。
- In the precinct, there are the countless stone monuments (said to number at least 10,000) known as 'Otsuka.'
- 穢れたものは、それに物理的または精神的に触れることによって穢れが「伝染」すると見なされている。
- It was thought that upon physical or mental contact to a thing with Kegare, the Kegare was infected.
- よってそれを押さえる火伏せの神様、火坊尊(ひぶせのみこと)などの神様が信仰の対象になって来た。
- Therefore deities preventing it such as Hibuse no kami (god of fire prevention) and Hibuse no mikoto were worshipped.
- 黄は、五行思想で、土を表象しており、それゆえに、地下を指すために黄という文字を使ったのである。
- The Japanese kanji for 'yo' (黄) in 'Yomi' (黄泉) symbolizes earth in the concept of the five elements and was used when describing things that were underground.
- なお、蔵人所は律令制では定められていなかった役職(令外官)のため、滝口それ自体も官職ではない。
- In addition, as the Kurodo dokoro (imperial secretariat) was a position not established under the Ritsuryo system (a position outside of the Ritsuryo system), Takiguch, itself, was not a government post.
- しかし、このとき果心居士は鼠に姿を変えて脱出し、それを鳶がくわえてどこかに飛び去ったともいう。
- However, it is also said that at that time, Koji transformed himself into a mouse and escaped, and an eagle carried him away in its beaks.
- 風土をモンスーン(日本も含む)、砂漠、牧場に分け、それぞれの風土と文化、思想の関連を追及した。
- He classified climates into groups, namely, monsoon (including Japan), desert, or farm in order to examine the relations between the various climates, culture, and human thinking.
- 現在は、史跡公園として塔跡と金堂跡の中心部のみを残し、それ以外の寺域部分には民家が建っている。
- The central area consisting of the ruins of the pagoda and main hall are all that remains as a Historic Site park, with the rest of the temple precinct now occupied by houses.
- これらの神は葦原中国のあらゆる罪・穢を祓い去る神で、大祓詞にはそれぞれの神の役割が記されている。
- The four deities purify 'Ashihara no Nakatsukuni' (Literally, 'Central Land of Reed Plains', which refers to the human world) by removing all the sins and evils; the roles of each deity are described in the 'Oharae no kotoba.'
- つまり、水の中へ霊魂を入れ、それを人間の体の中に入れるというのが産霊の技法である」と述べている。
- In fact, to let souls and spirits get into water and to let them get into human body are the techniques of Musuhi.'
- 各々神饌に対しての礼儀作法、考え方が異なっていたこと、それらが今でも継承されてきたことが伺える。
- This indicates that there were different courtesies or stances toward Shinsen, which have been passed down to the present day.
- 屋敷神の祭祀の時期も、一般に春と秋に集中し、後述するように農耕神(田の神)のそれと重なっている。
- Religious services to Yashiki-gami, in general, are held mainly in spring and autumn, when such services to the agricultural god (Tanokami) are held as explained below.
- また日本では奈良時代に1国(地方行政単位)ずつに国師を置き、それぞれの国の仏教行政を統括させた。
- In Japan during the Nara period, each province had a kokushi to control the Buddhist administration in each province.
- 別表神社の宮司は明階以上、それ以外の神社の宮司は権正階以上の階位を有していなければ任命されない。
- Guji for Beppyo jinja must be ranked as Meikai (the second highest rank of Shinto priest) or higher, and Guji for other shrines must be ranked as Gonseikai (the fourth rank of Shinto priest) in order to be appointed to the position.
- 本来、日本各地にはそれぞれの形で何らかの信仰や伝承があったと思われ、その代表として出雲が登場する
- In general, it is considered that various parts of Japan have beliefs and lore of some kind that have been passed down in their respective forms, with Izumo as the representative of such lore.
- それを、この氏族と結びつけ、作者を忌部氏の人とする説や、讃岐忌部と作者の関係を指摘する説がある。
- Based on these descriptions, some insist that the author of the tale was a person belonging to the Inbe clan, and others point out the relation between the author and the Sanuki-Inbe clan.
- JRの駅名は「こはた」だが、京阪宇治線の木幡駅 (京阪)は「こわた」と、それぞれ読み方が異なる。
- This JR station is named 'Kohata,' but the station on Keihan Uji Line using identical (Chinese) characters is read/pronounced differently and is 'Kowata' Station.
- それは戦前の弾丸列車計画を、戦後の技術革新の下で、改めて実現しようとする超高速列車計画であった。
- It was a super-high speed train plan with innovative technologies in the post-war era, to realize the bullet train plan in the pre-war era.
- それでも、おおさか東線の開業で6両編成の運用数自体が増えたため全面的な置き換えには至っていない。
- However, since the number of six-car sets increased with the opening of the Osaka Higashi Line, not all of the sets were replaced.
- 現在は全列車が6両編成だが、ホーム長として、それ以上の長さに対応できるようになっている駅がある。
- All trains are 6 cars long now, but there are some stations long enough for trains with more than 6 cars.
- そこへ、和議の条件として信友が結婚を求めてきたので、おつやの方はそれを受け入れて彼の妻となった。
- Then Nobutomo proposed marriage to her as a condition for peace negotiations, which she accepted to become his wife.
- それにより元陸の権力も強まり、大永2年(1522年)、将軍足利義晴により京都所司代に命ぜられる。
- This strengthened Motomichi's power as well, and he was appointed to Kyoto shoshidai (the Kyoto deputy) by Shogun Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA, in 1522.
- 行平が賀露津の漁師に命じて、波間に光るものを引き上げてみると、それは等身の薬師如来の像であった。
- Yukihira gained the assistance of a Karonotsu fisherman and, on inspecting something that he saw shining in the waves, he discovered that it was a life-size statue of Yakushi Nyorai.
- それを見た妻のおかめが枡組を用いたらどうかとひと言アドバイスし結果無事に竣工させることができた。
- On seeing this, his wife Okame advised him that he could correct the problem using a bracket complex, and the building was completed on time.
- 一般には一番内側のものを瑞垣(みずがき)、それ以外のものを玉垣、あるいは荒垣、板垣などと呼ばれる。
- In general, the innermost layer is called Mizugaki, and other layers are referred to as Aragaki or Itagaki.
- このように、去来伝承には田の神が家を媒介として去来するという伝承も多く、それは下記のとおりである。
- This kind of folklore of Tanokami coming and going through houses is commonly found and have as follows.
- その結果、面積が小さくなるから、それによって個体群を維持できない種も出てくることは大いにあり得る。
- As a result, the area becomes smaller, which makes it highly likely that some species will disappear.
- しかし三成はそれを察知し盟友・佐竹義宣 (右京大夫)の屋敷に重臣・島清興(左近)らとともに逃れた。
- Mitsunari perceived their scheme and fled with his chief vassal Kiyooki SHIMA (also known as Sakon SHIMA) to the residence of his ally Yoshinobu SATAKE (Ukyo no daibu).
- しかし、出立時には家財道具一式、それこそ漬物石にいたるまで前述の空の長持に詰め込んで出発したという
- However, upon departure he packed all the furniture and household goods, including even the stone weight used for making pickles, into the empty nagamochi mentioned before, then departed.
- 軌道は160‰のそれほど急ではない勾配となっているが、ホームはスロープではなくゆるい階段状である。
- The tramway is provided at a gradient of 160‰, which isn't very sharp, and the platforms are gently stepped instead of being sloped.
- この在来線区間の料金は、通常のA特急料金とそれに乗継割引を適用した金額との中間的な額になっている。
- This fee on the regular railway line is between the A limited-express fee and the fee in the case in which the connected ride discount is applied to.
- 臨終のときには、きちんと正座して皆に臨終の挨拶をして、それではと床につき、そのまま帰幽したそうだ。
- At her deathbed, she sat up straight, said goodbye to everyone, lay down saying just 'then' and died.
- 逢坂山トンネル・東山トンネルの開通によって現在の大津駅~京都駅間のルートが完成し、それに伴い開設。
- The current section between Otsu Station and Kyoto Station was completed and launched with the opening of the Osakayama and Higashiyama tunnels.
- また京都市内において1989年に太秦駅、2000年に円町駅がそれぞれ新設され、需要を開発している。
- Within Kyoto City, Uzumasa Station was built in 1989, followed by Emmachi Station in 2000, and demand is being created.
- 正月の多客期は12.6km/h、それ以外の閑散期は8km/hの2速度で運転できるようになっている。
- While the trains run at 12.6 km/h during the New Year rush, in other slack seasons, they run at 8 km/h.
- 現在の大久保線25号経路/23系統はそれを踏襲している(現在は時折中型車両を使用することがある)。
- The current route 25/23 of Okubo line follows them (currently it sometimes uses middle-size vehicles).
- バスボディは特別なものではなく、奈良交通バスの正面に幕を、横の広告欄に表示をそれぞれ掲示している。
- The bus vehicle body is not special, a bus of Nara Kotsu Bus with a banner in front and a notice in the side advertisement space.
- だが、それを認める代わりに地方自治政策の一環としての神社中心説を神社合祀政策に盛り込んだのであった。
- In exchange for agreeing with this measure, however, the bureau included the core shrine theory in the shrine merger policy as part of local governance policy.
- それゆえ本厄の年に「厄祓い」・「厄除け」を行い、神仏の加護を受けて凶事や災難を未然に防ぐ慣習がある。
- This is why people practice 'yakubarai' (exorcism of bad luck) or 'yakuyoke' (avoidance of bad luck) at their ages of calamity, in order to pre-empt adversity or misfortune by the help of Shinto and Buddhist deities.
- 一説には、その木材資源、あるいはそれに伴う副産物(樟脳など)の利権的獲得が目的であったとも言われる。
- There is a theory that the objective of the mergers was actually the acquisition of rights to the lumber and its by-products (such as camphor).
- 清音の言霊(ことたま)は、森羅万象がそれによって成り立っているとされる五十音のコトタマの法則のこと。
- The seion (a silent consonant) of kotodama was the law of fifty Japanese syllables of kototama forming Shinrabansho (everything in nature).
- その中で騎馬隊は備の一隊として足軽隊の形成した前線の突破、又はそれらに対する逆襲が主な任務とされた。
- Under these circumstances, the main duty of the cavalry as a defense force was to break through the front-line of ashigaru troops or to launch counterattacks against the opponent's ashigaru troops.
- それも不可能な場合には内大臣が任じられることになっていた(極稀に大納言が任命される例も存在はする)。
- Otherwise, Naidaijin (minister) was appointed as ichinokami; and very occasionally the Dainagon (Major Counselor) was appointed as ichinokami.
- 『続日本紀』天平宝字元年4月4日条(757年)に「内供奉豎子」が登場しており、設置はそれ以前に遡る。
- As the term 'naigubu Jushi' is seen in 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicle of Japan Continued) dated April 30, 757, the system of Jushi might have been introduced before then.
- 明治以降は皇国史観によって日本神話の記述が神聖視され、神話研究はそれ以前よりも後退することとなった。
- After the Meiji period, descriptions in Japanese mythology were considered as the divine truth due to Kokoku shikan, and the study of mythology regressed even further.
- 霊覚者や行者の中には奇跡的な事や非常識な行動をする者がよくいて、一般人はそれに騙される事がよくある。
- Because some mediums and ascetics perform miracles and act insanely, common people are often deceived.
- 北西側・南東側それぞれに駅舎があるが、本屋は北西側で、みどりの窓口があり、終日駅員が配置されている。
- A station building stands on both the northwestern and southeastern sides, but the one on the northwestern side having a JR Ticket Office (Midori-no-madoguchi) is the main segment and staff are stationed there throughout the day.
- (貨)は貨物専用駅、それ以外の駅で◆・◇を付した駅は貨物取扱駅を表す(◇は定期貨物列車の発着なし)。
- (Freight) means stations exclusive for freight service, and other stations with
- ・◇ mark mean stations which handle freight (regular freight trains don't stop at stations with ◇ mark).
- それからは前述の普通奈良行が当時の区間快速高田行を待避する場合を除いて柏原で待避する列車は減少した。
- From that point on, aside from the aforementioned local trains heading to Nara that waited at passing loops for regional rapid trains running to Takada, the number of trains waiting at these turnouts decreased at Kashiwara.
- 2006年10月21日のダイヤ改正からそれまでの長浜発着の一部の電車が近江塩津・敦賀まで延長された。
- Due to the change of the train timetable on October 21, 2006, some trains departing from and arriving at Nagahama Station were extended to run to Omi-Shiotsu Station and Tsuruga Station.
- それまでは、馬場駅~大谷駅 (滋賀県)~(旧)山科駅~稲荷駅~京都駅間のルートが東海道本線であった。
- Previously, the Tokaido Main Line comprised the following sections: Banba Station - Otani Station (Shiga Prefecture) - (old) Yamashina Station - Inari Station - Kyoto Station.
- 「延喜式神名帳」には「山城国宇治郡 宇治神社二座」とあり、それぞれ宇治神社・宇治上神社を指している。
- The 'Jinmyocho (list of deities and shrines) of the Engishiki' (book or regulations of the Engi era) refers to Uji-jinja Shrine and Ujigami-jinja Shrine as 'the two Uji-jinja Shrines in Uji County, Yamashiro Province.'
- 本寺は天台宗の寺院であるが、造営に黄檗宗僧が関わったこともあり、本堂の様式は全く黄檗宗のそれである。
- Renge-ji Temple belongs to the Tendai Sect but Obaku Sect monks were also involved in its construction and the main hall is of a completely Obaku Sect style.
- それを悲しみその牛の皮に両界曼荼羅を描き本尊としたことに因んで、「牛皮山曼荼羅寺」と名付けたという。
- It is said that the grieving Ningai created a Ryokai Mandala (Mandala of the Two Realms) from the hide of the ox which was installed as the principal image and that this is the reason why the temple was named 'Gyuhisan Mandara-ji Temple' (Ox-hide Mandala Temple).
- 「一霊四魂」とは、人間の心は四つの魂から成り立ち、それらを一つの「霊」がコントロールしていると考える。
- According to 'Ichirei shikon,' the human's mind is considered to consist of four souls, which a 'spirit' controls.
- 陰陽寮は配下に陰陽道、天文道、暦道を置き、それぞれに吉凶の判断、天文の観察、暦の作成の管理を行わせた。
- The Bureau of Divination was made up of divisions dealing with Ommyodo, Tenmondo (the art of divination by observing the movements of the sun, moon, stars and planets, and the weather), and Rekido (masters of the almanac) these three divisions performed divination, observed the movement of the sun, moon, and stars, and created a calendar.
- それらの職に就いた者を収載する『公卿補任』が年毎に作成され、明治時代に太政官が廃止されるまで使われた。
- 'Kugyo bunin,' a list the personnel assigned to these posts, was created annually, and was used until Daijokan was abolished during the Meiji period.
- しかし、そうした土地の所有権に係る法的根拠は極めて薄弱であり、国衙によって収公されるおそれが強かった。
- However, the legal basis of their property rights was fragile and it was possible for kokuga (provincial government offices) to seize the properties.
- 日本相撲協会の年寄名跡は実際には多額の金銭を対価として売買されるが、それは以上のロジックで理解できる。
- With the exception of direct family members, Myoseki `names` of Toshiyori (sumo elders) of the Japan Sumo Association are invariably traded for large sums of money.
- 「そんなこと位で、病治ったり、運開ける位なら、人民はこんなに苦しまんと申すが、それが理窟と申すもの。」
- You may say that if such a way cured illness and brought good luck, no one would suffer, but it is just logic.'
- 逆に悪神を拝んでも正しい愛や喜びがあり、善い念が通じるならば悪神は引っ込んでそれぞれの善い神が現れる。
- In contract, even if you pray to an evil god, proper love, joy and good will in your mind can make a good god appear and evil god leave.
- A編成は救援車941形に、B編成は電気軌道総合試験車922-0形となり、それぞれ役立てられる事になる。
- The A-organization trains and the B-organization trains became 941 type emergency relief trains and 922-0 type comprehensive electronic railway test trains, respectively, both being made useful later as well.
- そのため、同区間では片道あたり新幹線・貨物それぞれ2本/時しか走らせることができないと予想されている。
- Therefore, it is supposed that, in the section, only two passenger trains and two cargo trains an hour will be able to run in one direction.
- それは、山が二重になっていているからで、以後、その場所は「二重(ふたえ)の峠」と呼ばれるようになった。
- This was because the mountain consisted of 2 layers: subsequently this spot came to be called 'Two Layer Ridge' (Futae no Toge).
- 設定当初より停車バス停留所は増えたものの、現在も運行本数に変化は無く、それぞれ2往復ずつとなっている。
- Although there are more bus stops than previously for these two daytime express buses bound for Kyoto, the number of daily services remains unchanged at two a day on both routes.
- それによれば、彼は三河守として任国に赴任していた時に最愛の女性を亡くし、世をはかなんで出家したという。
- This story tells that he left his old life behind and entered the priesthood after the love of his life died when he was appointed governor of Mikawa Province.
- その際に熊野の再生儀式であった湯の清まりと忌籠の呪法が取り入れられてそれが湯立として残ったとされている。
- Yudate, a mixture of the Kumano cult rebirth rites Yu no kiyomari (purification by hot water) and Igomori no juho (incantation of confining), is said to have been handed down from that time.
- それは神域という聖なる領域(常世)と俗なる領域(現世)という二つの世「界」を「結」びつける役割をも持つ。
- Kekkai (結界) also functions to connect (結) two worlds (界) that are a sacred area (Tokoyo) and a profane area (Ustushiyo).
- 厳密に正しい・正しくないで争うことに意味はないが、夫婦肯定説・夫婦否定説の両説がそれぞれ主張されている。
- There is no use arguing over which is right, but the fact is that there are two theories; one is to support the view that a pair of Komainu is a couple and the other is to oppose to it.
- それを見越していた勝は、地元で自分の世話をしてくれた者に「今のうちに土地を買っておくがいい」と助言した。
- KATSU foresaw it, and advised the locals who took care of him there that 'you had better buy lands before it's too late.'
- その後7世紀末までに令制国の制度が確立し、それに伴って国司が全国的に配置されるようになったとされている。
- From this point on until the end of the 7th century, kokushi were placed throughout the country following the establishment of the ryoseikoku system.
- 聖武天皇のもとでそれまでの呪禁師を廃止して陰陽道を採用したり、陰陽道に基づいた大衍暦を採用するなどした。
- Serving Emperor Shomu, he replaced the conventional Jugonshi with Onmyodo and adopted Taien reki (Taien calendar) based on Onmyodo.
- 定員はそれぞれ1名で、官位は双方同格の従七位上に設定されたが、陰陽小允は陰陽大允を補佐する立場をとった。
- The number of these positions was one each with the court rank being Jushichiinojo (Junior Seventh Rank, Upper Grade) for both but Onmyo no shojo's role was to assist Onmyo no daijo.
- 駅舎(改札口)は上下線ホームの浜大津寄りにそれぞれ設けられており、互いのホームは構内踏切で連絡している。
- The station house (entrance/exit gates) is located on the Hamaotsu side of both platforms (one for the inbound trains and the other for the outbound trains), so a railroad crossing within the premises must be used to move between the platforms.
- 話し合いの結果、近鉄と京阪は荒本駅までを、都心部は大阪市がそれぞれ建設して相互直通運転することとなった。
- Through negotiations among the parties concerned, it was decided that Kintetsu and Keihan should construct a line up to Aramoto Station and Osaka City a line in the urban area, on the condition that through-service would be provided between the two lines.
- それに伴い、2007年11月30日終発をもって、1階の八条改札口・切符売り場・トイレはその役目を終えた。
- In conjunction with the renewal, the Hachijo Ticket Wicket, as well as its adjacent ticket booth and the first-floor lavatory, were closed on November 30, 2007 with the departure of the day's last train.
- 早朝・深夜などに四宮~浜大津間の列車があるが、それ以外の全列車が京都市営地下鉄東西線に直通運転している。
- Except for some trains that run only between the Shinomiya - Hamaotsu section in the early morning and late at night, all trains run directly into the Kyoto Municipal Subway Tozai Line.
- 洛西ニュータウンに至るまでの梅津・上桂地域などの沿線人口がそれほど多くない上に、阪急京都本線と競合する。
- Not only does the area along the Tozai Line up to Rakusai New Town, including Umezu and Kamikatsura areas, lack a large population, but this area would also compete against the Hankyu Kyoto Main Line.
- 沿線には平安神宮・南禅寺・二条城といった観光地が近傍にあるが、現在の段階では観光客利用はそれ程多くない。
- Although there are several tourist spots along the Tozai Line, such as Heian Jingu Shrine, Nanzen-ji Temple and Nijo-jo Castle, so far the Tozai Line hasn't become popular with tourists.
- それに対して当研究林では、当初、トロッコを人力や馬力で押し上げ、下りはブレーキを操作しつつ滑走していた。
- In this research forest, man-power or horse-power was used initially to push tramcars, and on down-slopes, they slid by themselves, controlled by a brake.
- それぞれの宗教、宗派の特色を活かしたカリキュラムを展開し、宗教のプロフェッショナルを育成することが目的。
- The purpose is to expand the curriculum utilizing the character of each religion and denomination, and educating the professionals of religion.
- それから20数年後の弘仁14年(823年)、真言宗の宗祖である弘法大師空海は、嵯峨天皇から東寺を賜った。
- 20-odd years later, in 823, Emperor Saga gave To-ji to Kobo Daishi Kukai, the founder of the Shingon sect.
- なお、大祓詞には罪の名前が書かれているだけで、特に国つ罪についてそれが何を意味するかについては諸説がある。
- Note that oharae no kotoba only listed the name of the crimes: there are various theories about what each crime means, especially those of Kunitsu tsumi.
- 伊呂具の秦公はその稲の元へ行き、過去の過ちを悔いて、そこの木を根ごと抜いて屋敷に植え、それを祀ったという。
- Irogu no Hata no kimi, who went over to the rice-plants, repented all the mistakes he had made in the past, pulled them up by their roots, and replanted them in his house to worship them.
- それにつれて、健康維持に森林浴が注目されるようになったほか、中高年を中心に登山が静かなブームになってきた。
- Corresponding to these changes, walking in the woods has attracted attention as a way to stay healthy, and mountain climbing has experienced a boom, centered on middle aged persons.
- それが、朝鮮半島との緊密化により、土着神、地方神であった三神が5世紀以降国家神として祭られるようになった。
- Because of the closer relationship that developed with Korea, the three goddesses, who were native and local deities, came to be worshipped as national deities after the fifth century.
- そのため、それぞれ、「頭中将(とうのちゅうじょう)」、「頭弁(とうのべん)」という特別な呼称が用いられた。
- Therefore, the term of 'Tonochujo' was used to refer to the former personnel and 'Tonoben' for the latter personnel.
- 明治の神祇官の職掌は古代の神祇官のそれである祭祀、祝部、神封戸などに加えて、新たに諸陵と宣教が加えられた。
- In addition to religious services, celebrations and jinfuko (managing households burdening religion-related matters), the roles of jingikan in the Meiji period included shoryo (the administration of imperial tombs) and religious mission.
- それでも荘官は荘園制とともに戦国時代 (日本)まで存続したが、荘園が解体した太閤検地により荘官も消滅した。
- Even so, shokan had existed with the manorial system until the Sengoku period, however, they disappeared because manors were dissolved by Taiko-kenchi (the land survey of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI).
- 高度なものはその人間の精神(心)に応じてそれと同一波長の神霊に伝達され、その神霊の感応によって表現される。
- Higher ones are transmitted to spirits on the same wavelength of each person's mind and expressed through the sympathies of those spirits.
- 高度の霊がただちに肉体人に感応する事はなく、それぞれの段階を経て感応するものであることを忘れてはならない。
- Don't forget that human body does not respond to higher-grade spirits immediately and only responds through different stages.
- その為に既成宗教の信仰のあり方や教えとは大きく異なるものが多く、それらを否定している記述も随所に見られる。
- Therefore it often differs from the faiths and teachings of existing religions and also often denies them.
- それに伴い神道事務局の中では、旧典練習所をより発展させた機関を設置する必要があるとの考えが強くなっていた。
- Consequently an idea has gained strength within the Shinto Jimukyoku that it would be necessary to establish a new institution which has a wider range of functions and roles of Kyuten Renshujo (the training institute of ancient national literature).
- 軍需工場への通勤はなくなったが、それに代わる多くの買出し者や、帰国した復員者に引揚者たちが電車に殺到した。
- Although commuters going to military works disappeared, a lot of people rushed to trains including those who were going to buy food, demobilized soldiers, and repatriates.
- 後に筒井定次に仕えたが定次から寵愛され、それをいいことに次第に専横の振る舞いが目立つようになったとされる。
- Later, when he served Sadatsugu TSUTSUI, he was highly regarded by Sadatsugu, which is said to have made him gradually grow arrogant.
- その後は順調に出世し、慶雲元年(704年)と和銅7年(714年)にはそれぞれ封戸200戸を加増されている。
- He subsequently continued to advance his career, with his fuko (a vassal household allotted to courtier, shrines and temples) being increased by 200 households in 704 and 714.
- JR駅の改札前に階段(およびエスカレーター)があり、それを降りてなだらかな斜路を進むと地下鉄改札前に至る。
- There are stairs (and also escalators) in front of the ticket gate of the JR Yamashina Station, which lead to the ticket gate of the subway via a gentle pathway.
- それでも急行を中心に激しく混雑し、利用客から終夜運転の運転時間帯にも特急を走らせて欲しいという要望もある。
- Even so, the trains, particularly express trains, become very crowded and there are passengers who ask for the operation of all-night limited express trains.
- ただしそれは「地下街」ではなくあくまで「地下道」であって、そこに駅売店・案内所などを除くと店舗などはない。
- However, it is simply an 'underpass,' and not the usual 'underground shopping center': except for the station kiosk, the information office and other essentials, there are no shops.
- 当神社には御師的な役割をはたす37軒の社家があり、37社の末社はそれぞれの社家が1社ずつ祀っていたという。
- It is believed that this shrine had 37 Shakes (families of Shinto priests serving a shrine on a hereditary basis) who played a role similar to Onshi (a low-ranking Shinto priest), and that each Shake enshrined one of the 37 Masshas.
- それによると、曼荼羅を板から剥がすために表面に和紙を貼り、水を注いだところ、大きな音とともに剥がれ落ちた。
- According to that record, when Japanese paper was pasted on the surface in order to unglue Mandala from the board and water was poured, Mandala was taken off with a big sound.
- 天平19年の「大安寺資材帳」にはこれらの像に該当するものが見出されないことから、それ以後の造立と思われる。
- The fact that no descriptions on these statues are found in 'Shizai Cho of the Daian-ji Temple' written in 747 suggests that they were built at a later time.
- 創建については諸説あるが、祭神は古くから牛頭天王(およびそれに習合した素戔嗚尊)であったことは確実である。
- Although there are various stories about the early days of the shrine, it is certain that Gozu-Tennou and Susanoo-no-mikoto (who shares similarities with Gozu-Tennou), were the enshrined deities from early on.
- 船岡南通の建勲神社南参道から南へ、盧山寺通と寺之内通でそれぞれ鍵の手に折れて浄福寺門前を南へ竹屋町通まで。
- This street runs south from Kenkun-jinja Shrine on Funaokaminami-dori Street, and turns at Rozanji-dori Street and Teranouchi-dori Street, heading south from in front of Jofuku-ji Temple to Takeyamachi-dori Street.
- 江戸時代にサルタヒコのこととされるようになったが、それ以前は巨勢祝あるいは巨勢姫明神という神が祀られていた。
- During the Edo period, Enomoto Myojin was identified with Sarutahiko (leader of the Earthly Gods), but prior to that, a deity known as 'Kose no Hafuri' or 'Kose no Hime Myojin' had been worshiped.
- 式内社には、古来より霊験が著しいとされる名神を祀る神社が全て含まれており、それらを名神大社(名神大)という。
- Those that enshrine Myojin (gods), long thought to have a remarkably miraculous efficacy, are all included in the Shikinaisha, and are calledMyojin Taisha Shrine (Myojidai).
- それでその子孫の天皇の寿命も神々ほどは長くないのである(天孫降臨コノハナノサクヤビメとイワナガヒメを参照)。
- That is why emperors, who are his descendants, do not live as long as the gods (refer to the section 'Konohana no sakuya-bime and Iwanaga-hime' in 'Tensonkorin').
- 記紀神話が形成される上で創造された観念的な神と考えられ、それには中国の天帝の思想が影響したものと考えられる。
- It is considered that this kami is a conceptual god created in the course of the formation of the Kojiki and Nihonshoki mythology under the influence of the Chinese thought of the Lord of Heaven.
- 延喜式によれば、責任者である別当(べっとう)は少納言・弁官・外記・史_(律令制)からそれぞれ1名が兼務した。
- According to the Engishiki (codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), one officer at a time from the Shonagon (lesser councilor of state), Benkan (oversight department), Geki (Secretary of the Grand Council of State) and Shi (Officials in charge of records) each held the position of Betto as the person in charge concurrently with their normal position.
- 広く霊界といっても神界と幽界に大別され、神界は天国と霊国に分けられ、幽界はそれぞれ、陽界と陰界に分けられる。
- The spiritual world in a broad sense is divided roughly into the spirit world, which is divided into heaven and the spirit land, and the astral world which is divided into the positive world and the negative world.
- ・大量の空の長持を用意しそれに対し六人持ち(人足六名で担ぐ)、八人持ち(人足八名で担ぐ)などと指示を行った。
- The reiheishi brought large amounts of empty nagamochi (trunks) and made requests such as six carriers (carried by six people) or eight carriers (carried by eight people).
- もっともそれには、欧米列強に対して日本が近代国家であることをあきらかにしなければならないという事情もあった。
- There was another reason that Japan had to clearly demonstrate to powerful European countries and the U.S.A. that Japan was a modern state.
- そこで高倉下が目覚めて倉を調べたところ、はたして本当に倉の中に剣が置いてあったため、それを献上したのである。
- At that point Takakuraji awoke, and when he looked in the storehouse, he found the sword was actually there, so he presented it to Emperor Jinmu.
- 上述松尾大社との関係から、大堰川を遡る形で秦氏による開発が進み、それにともなって創祀されたと考えられている。
- Taking into consideration the relationship with the above-mentioned Matsuo-taisha Shrine, this shrine is believed to have been founded in the course of the area development in the upstream direction by the Hata clan.
- それ以降、2つの社殿が並んでいたが、昭和9年の台風により倒壊したため、昭和11年に1つの社殿として再建した。
- Following this, the shrine consisted of two buildings but these were destroyed by a typhoon in 1934 and rebuilt as a single building in 1936.
- 1949年に、それまでの旧制専門学校を母体に設置されたプロテスタント系の女子大学で、4学部10学科を有する。
- Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts is a Protestant college comprising four faculties and ten departments, having been reorganized in 1949 as a successor of the former Advanced Course of Doshisha Girls' School.
- 祇園祭で、御池通を西に進む山鉾が新町通で下がり、それぞれの鉾町に帰っていく、巡行の最後の経路にあたっている。
- During the Gion Festival, the street is the last parade route taken by Yamahoko, Gion Festival floats: all floats carried west along Oike-dori Street turn south along Shinmachi-dori Street and return to their own hokocho (towns with hoko, float).
- 東山の山麓から流れる川に対して、4本の橋が架けられ、それぞれ北から一ノ橋、二ノ橋、三ノ橋、四ノ橋といわれた。
- There were 4 bridges crossing a river running from mountains in Higashiyama, each of which was called Ichino-hashi bridge, Nino-hashi bridge, Sanno-hashi bridge, and Shino-hashi bridge from the north.
- それとは別に、九尾の狐や猫又・化け猫といった怪異譚から、狐やネコに人を祟る能力があるとする俗信も広く存在した。
- Aside from these, the tales of the supernatural, include a cat with nine tails, nekomata (cat monster) and ghost cat, suggest the widespread belief of folk tradition that fox and cats have the power to torment people.
- それが「天つ罪」とされ、日本神話におけるスサノオ命が高天原で犯した行為(岩戸隠れを参照)と解釈されるに至った。
- Gradually the characters 天つ罪 came to be used for amatsu tsumi, implying SUSANO no Mikoto's various misdeeds in Takamanohara, the Plain of High Heaven (see the section of 'Iwatogakure') in Japanese Mythology.
- 延喜式3巻26条では、雨を願うときには黒毛の馬を、晴れを願うときには白毛馬をそれぞれ献納するという記述がある。
- In article 26, volume 3 of the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), it is written that a black horse was dedicated when people prayed for rain and a white horse was dedicated when they prayed for fair weather.
- 奈良時代には、生霊として呪術が皇室や貴族の間で盛んに行われていたし、それらは民衆レベルでも発展していたという。
- In the Nara period, divination, which dealt with the spirits of people who were alive, became popular not only among the imperial family and court nobles but also among common people.
- したがって、坂本が、神戸の海軍操練所あるいは、それに付随した塾と全く関係がなかったということはできないだろう。
- It may be impossible to think SAKAMOTO had no relationship with the Kobe Naval Training Center or the private supplementary school associated with it.
- それは大日如来を中心にした両界曼荼羅金剛界曼荼羅の構成と両界曼荼羅胎蔵曼荼羅の構成の儀規として表現されている。
- It is represented in the rules written in the Ryokai mandala Kongokai mandala centered around Dainichi nyorai and also in the Ryokai mandala Taizo mandara.
- 天津神は高天原にいる、または高天原から天降った神の総称、それに対して国津神は地に現れた神々の総称とされている。
- Amatsukami is a general term for gods that are in Takamanohara (plain of high heaven) or have descended to this world, whereas Kunitsukami is a general term for gods that have appeared on the land.
- 承久3年(1221年)の承久の乱ののち、幕府がそれまでの京都守護を改組し京都六波羅の北と南に設置した出先機関。
- They are the branch offices that the bakufu established in the north and south of Rokuhara, Kyoto by reorganizing the existing Kyoto shugo (Kyoto military governor) after the Jokyu War in 1221.
- 明治2年(1869年)7月の太政官制の復活により、明治政府の重職としておかれ、薩長土肥からそれぞれ任命された。
- It was established as an important post in the Meiji government with the return of the Daijokan system in July 1869, and personnel were assigned from Satsuma, Choshu, Tosa, and Hizen Clans.
- 改易された戦国大名の一族や重臣が仕官せず土着・帰農した者も散見されるが、多くはそれらの庶家や地侍クラスである。
- There were some families of daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) during the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) forced to become Kaieki or senior vassals who settled and took up farming again, but most of them belonged to the rank of their branch family or jizamurai (local samurai).
- 「右の頬をうたれたら左の頬を出せよ、それが無抵抗で平和の元ぢゃと申しているが、その心根をよく洗って見つめよ。」
- It says that whoever hits you on the cheek, offer him the other also for peace, but clean your mind and look carefully.'
- 昼間は淀屋橋~枚方市間の運転(一部は準急)が主体となり、それ以外の時間帯は淀屋橋~出町柳間の運転が主体となる。
- During the daytime, the trains are mainly operated between Yodoyabashi Station and Hirakatashi Station (some trains are operated as semi-express), and the rest of the day the trains are mainly operated between Yodoyabashi Station and Demachiyanagi Station.
- 前述の文屋康秀とその子の文屋朝康も小倉百人一首歌人の一人だが、それぞれ長皇子からは5代・6代目の子孫にあたる。
- The above-mentioned FUNYA no Yasuhide and his son FUNYA no Asayasu are poets selected in Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (the Ogura Anthology of One Hundred Tanka-poems by One Hundred Poets), and they were the fifth and sixth descendants of Naga no Miko.
- この区間では1989年の嵯峨(現・嵯峨嵐山)~馬堀駅間の複線とそれに伴うトンネル経由の新線への切り替えられた。
- In 1989, this section of the railway was switched to a new line passing through the double-track line (and the accompanying tunnel) between Saga (present Saga Arashiyama) and Umahori Station.
- 宝塚以北の武庫川渓流沿いの旧線は廃線となったが(一部は遊歩道となっている)、それでもこの線は川との関係が深い。
- Although the old railway to the north of Takarazuka along the Muko-gawa River was discontinued (a part of the line is now used as a walking trail), the Fukuchiyama Line and Muko-gawa River still have close mutual ties.
- 源頼義が三男の義光をこの神の前で元服させ、義光はそれ以来「新羅三郎」と呼ばれるようになったことはよく知られる。
- It is well known that Yoshimitsu began to be called 'SHINRA Saburo' after his father MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi celebrated his third son Yoshimitsu's genpuku (celebrate one's coming of age) before this deity.
- ただし、それを裏付けるような史料はなく、道真とは関係のない菅家の旧館を道真の誕生所と誤ったものという説もある。
- However there is no source which supports the above tradition, and there is a theory that the old mansion of the Suga clan is his birthplace, but there was no relationship between the Suga clan and Michizane.
- そしてそれを遂行する女性を褒めるという事に対応するため、これまでの穢れ観と正反対の価値観が神道において成立した。
- And to praise women for performing it, a new value opposite the value of impurity came into existence in Shinto.
- そのためデルポイには各地から都市国家の使者を含む多くの人々が集まり、またそれを目当てに無数の民衆も集まっていた。
- Delphi attracted many people including messengers of city states all over the country as well as those who seek opportunities in a lively city.
- 太平洋戦争後は家ごとの祭りになっているが、それ以前は地主や親方衆の家でおこなわれ、各家庭ではおこなわれなかった。
- Although the festival is held at individual homes after the Pacific War, it was once held at a landlord's or masters' homes and not at individual homes.
- そのため、翌建武_(日本)元年(1334年)に入ると、全国を4地域に分けてそれぞれに頭人を任命する四番制を導入。
- In 1334, the administration introduced a system called Yon-ban-sei, under which the whole country was grouped into four regions and a tonin (the director) was appointed for each.
- それは、出自が低い自分が今では位人臣を極め、由緒ある血筋や家柄の者すら従うという意味を込めていたと言われている。
- It is said that Hedeyoshi appointed those people as otogishu to show that the man like him from low-class now rose to the highest rank (possible for the subject) in a country and even people of good birth and people from historic families served him.
- それだけに幕府の警戒は強く、隠密による諜報活動を積極的に行い、不正や謀叛の恐れがある場合は、厳しく改易に処した。
- The Shogunate was very careful about that, actively carried out intelligence gathering activities using spies, and when they feared impropriety or insurrection, did not hesitate to revoke rank.
- 真の善言や真言は心、言葉、行ないが一致しているから直ちに力を持つが、それらが一致していないと力は出ないのである。
- True valuable words take on power immediately when mind, words and acts are consistent with each other, but when those are not consistent, no words have power.
- 「夜明け前になると霊がかりがウヨウヨ、勝手放題にまぜくり返すなれど、それもしばらくの狂言。」(星座之巻第十八帖)
- Before the dawn, possessed people throw the world into confusion without control, but it is just a play for a little while.' (chapter 18 of volume constellation)
- 1番線出町柳駅方面へは川端通西側の歩道の入口から、2番線淀屋橋駅方面へは川端通東側歩道の入口から、それぞれ入る。
- Access to Platform 1 for Demachiyanagi Station is through the entrance on the west-side pavement of Kawabata-dori Street, while access to Platform 2 for Yodoyabashi Station is by way of the entrance on the eastside pavement of Kawabata-dori Street.
- それは103系自体が首都圏の通勤路線事情(駅間距離・表定速度・電力事情等)に適した設計となっていたからであった。
- This is because type 103 cars were designed focusing on the situation of commuting lines in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (distance between stations, official speed, power condition).
- 60キロ~80キロ程度でノッチオフすることが前提の形式で、それ以上高速で運転する事はあまり配慮されていなかった。
- They were designed on the premise that notch-off occurs when trains are running at sixty-eighty kilometers per hour and trains running at higher speeds than that were not taking into account.
- 中央の厨子には本尊の千手観音立像、向かって右の厨子には毘沙門天立像、左の厨子には地蔵菩薩立像をそれぞれ安置する。
- A standing statue of Senju Kannon, the Honzon, is enshrined in the central Zushi, while a standing statue of Bishamonten is in the right-hand Zushi, as well as a standing statue of Jizo Bosatsu is in the left-hand Zushi.
- 主な代表例としては聖徳太子が建立した法隆寺(斑鳩寺)や蘇我氏が建立した飛鳥寺、それに秦氏が建立した広隆寺がある。
- Typical examples include Horyu-ji Temple (Ikaruga-dera Temple) established by Prince Shotoku, Asuka-dera Temple established by the Soga clan and Koryu-ji Temple established by the Hata clan.
- それから、1921年4月4日に大学側と土地所有者(代表:知井村長)との間で99年間の地上権設定契約が締結された。
- Then on April 4, 1921, an agreement on the creation of surface rights for 99 years was concluded between the university side and the owners of the land (represented by village headman Murai).
- それ以外の車両については、後述の京都市交通局の車両、ならびに京阪京都交通などの応援車を含めて共通運用されている。
- All cars except those mentioned above are managed by the Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau, described below, and Keihan Kyoto Kotsu, including support cars.
- テーマパークのアトラクションではあるが、日本のそれとしては珍しく「本物の蒸気機関車」を使用することが特筆される。
- It is an attraction for a theme park, but a unique one as an attraction in Japan in 'real steam locomotives' are catered to.
- それに応えて、親鸞はススキの穂を束にして筆代わりとし、「歸命盡十方無礙光如來」の十字名号を書いて、その礼とした。
- To show his gratitude, Shinran fashioned a brush from bunched zebra grass tips and wrote the ten-character name for the Buddha Amitabha Tathagata; 'Kimyo Jinjippo Mugeko Nyorai' (I take refuge in the Tathagata of unhindered light filling the ten quarters).
- ただし、春日大社にこの四神が祀られることになるのは768年のことで、それ以前の春日の地では榎本明神が祀られていた。
- The above-mentioned four deities were enshrined in Kasuga Taisha Shrine in 768; before that, Enomoto Myojin had been worshiped in the Kasuga region.
- 困惑した八千矛神は大和国に逃れようとするが、それを留める歌を贈り、二神は仲睦まじく出雲大社に鎮座することとなった。
- Yachihoko no kami, in her confusion, tried to run away, but Yamato no kuni presented a waka (Japanese poem) urging him not to go, and eventually the two deities harmoniously settled at Izumo-taisha Shrine.
- 毎月末、船場の商人の家で味噌を焼き、それを皿状にしたものを番頭が持って家々を回り、香ばしい匂いがあちこちに満ちる。
- At the end of every month, miso was grilled at a merchant's home in Senba, and it was shaped into a plate and carried around homes by the clerk, filling the air with aromatic scents.
- 人に対しては武勲を上げた者に程して与えられるものであったが、7世紀半ばからそれ以外の者にも与えられるようになった。
- For humans, it was granted to those displaying deeds under arms, but was granted to others as well since the mid-7th century.
- 1398年に畠山基国が管領になると、それ以降は足利一門の斯波家・畠山家・細川京兆家から交代で任じられることとなる。
- In 1398, Motokuni HATAKEYAMA became Kanrei, and after that the Shiba, Hatakeyama and Hosokawa Keicho families related to the Ashikaga family were appointed in turns.
- 同時に折り返し用の3番線ホーム(凹形)を廃止しホームを広げ、それまでの4番線→3番線、5番線→4番線に呼称を変更。
- At the same time, the use of the (concave-shaped) Platform 3, which was used for returning trains, was discontinued, and corresponding to the expansion of its width, the Platform numbers were changed as follows: from Platform 4 to Platform 3 and from Platform 5 to Platform 4.
- 内装画像はそれぞれMediaKitakyu 8000 inside、MediaShintetsu5000を参照)。
- For images of the interiors, please see the sections 'MediaKitakyu 8000 inside' and 'MediaShintetsu 5000').
- 京都と大阪でそれぞれ一番の繁華街である四条河原町界隈と梅田界隈を最安値かつ乗り換えなしで移動できるのが特徴である。
- This line features the lowest fare and the direct transition between the Shijo-Kawaramachi area and the Umeda area, both of which are very busy quarters.
- かつて宮津藩主が祈願のため行列をなして参拝したといい、それに因んで大名行列を模して練り歩く神事(練込)が行われる。
- It is believed that the lord of Miyazu Domain visited the shrine for praying with a line of people behind him, thus in the ritual ('nerikomi' ritual), people walk imitating the feudal lord's procession.
- この地蔵は苦しみを抜き取るということから苦抜(くぬき)地蔵と呼ばれ、それがなまって釘抜地蔵と呼ばれるようになった。
- This Jizo statue became known as Kunuki Jizo (lit. Suffering Removal Jizo) due to its supposed ability to remove suffering, but this name went on to become corrupted to Kuginuki Jizo.
- そのため、祭神をスサノオに、社名を地名からとった「小綱神社」に改めるように言ったが、地元住民はそれを拒んだという。
- Therefore, the government proposed that enshrined god should be changed to Susanoo and the name of the shrine should be renamed 'Shoko-jinja Shrine' after the name of the place, but local residents rejected it.
- なお、最上層の天井板は「楠天井の一枚板」であったと伝えられるが、それは誤りであり、複数の板を用いた鏡天井であった。
- It is said that the ceiling of the top floor was originally made from a single piece of camphor wood, but this is not true and it was in fact a panelled ceiling using several wood panels.
- しかし、社殿を備えるようになったのは神の常在を信じるようになった後世の変化で、それ以前は祠もなく、祭場のみだった。
- However, the construction of main sanctuaries only developed when the later belief emerged that kami permanently reside in a single location, and before this time, they were not enshrined in small shrines but simply worshipped on site.
- また、日本書紀の本文には、天鈿女命(あめのうずめ)が茅纏の矛を手にしたという記述があり、それを作った者の記述がない。
- The main text of the 'Nihonshoki' says that Amenouzume was holding an enchanted spear, Chimaki no Hoko, but there is no description of its maker.
- 高天原の斎服殿(いみはたどの)で神衣を織っていたとき、それを見たスサノオが馬の皮を逆剥ぎにして部屋の中に投げ込んだ。
- When she was weaving a Garment of Gods in a Imihatadono in Takamanohara (plain of high heaven), Susano who saw her skinned a horse from the tail and threw it in the room.
- また、自然現象として、太陽(お日様)・火や火山・水(雨)・風・雷なども神体として信仰し、それは現在でも息づいている。
- Furthermore, natural phenomena such as the Sun (sometimes called ohisama as its honorific), the fire, the volcano, the water (rain), the wind, and the lightning were, and are even now, worshiped.
- これについては、星神を信仰していた部族があり、それが大和王権になかなか服従しなかったことを表しているとする説がある。
- Regarding this, some say it refers to the fact that there was a tribe which worshipped the god of stars, and who did not obey the Yamato sovereignty (the ancient Japan sovereignty).
- また巫には男女の区別がないので、巫女が主体ではあったがそれ以外の、男性や子供も現在でも少数ながら依巫になる例がある。
- In addition, kannagi can be either female or male, and even today there are a few cases of men or children being yorimashi, although most have been shrine maidens.
- 学制改革にさいしては、高等科は新制大学へ尋常科は新制中学校・高等学校へそれぞれ移行したとかんがえるのが一般的である。
- It is generally regarded that at the educational reform advanced courses moved on to become universities under the new system, and the regular courses moved on to become middle schools and high schools.
- しかし、旧制私立高校では帽子に白線がない学校もあり、成城高校では生徒がそれを不満として「白線運動」をおこしたという。
- However, some private higher school students under the old system did not have the white stripes on their caps, and students at Seijo High School who were unhappy about this started a 'White Stripes Movement.'
- オオナムヂはそれを克服し、スサノオはオオナムヂがスセリビメを妻とすることを認め、オオナムヂに大国主という名を贈った。
- Onamuji overcame those trials and Susano accepted Onamuji's right to take Suseri-bime as his wife, whereupon he gave Onamuji the name of Okuninushi.
- また、後世までヤマト王権などの日本の中央権力の支配を受けなかったアイヌや琉球にはそれぞれ独自色の強い神話が存在する。
- However, among the Ainu and the people of Ryukyu, who were not under the control of central Japanese authority such as the Yamato sovereignty until later periods, their own unique myths exist.
- 過去6度のそれぞれについては全て現界のみの建替であった為に、すぐに元に戻り根本的な大建替にはならなかったのだという。
- Because those past 6 reconstructions were all done only in this world, it hasn't been reconstructed fundamentally and turned back.
- 日本の鉄道ラインカラー一覧を正式に導入(なお、駅番号とラインカラーはそれ以前から北野線の一部の駅で試用されていた)。
- The list of railway line colors in Japan was officially introduced (station numbers and line colors had previously been used at some stations on the Kitano Line).
- またドアミラーでは左のミラーを視認する際に運転手が客の方を向いていると誤解される場合があり、それを避ける意図もある。
- In addition, another reason for using fender mirrors is to avoid the passenger's misunderstanding that the driver is watching him/her when the driver gives visual contact to the side mirror on the left door.
- 宮津市は天橋立を抱える日本を代表する観光都市であるが、天橋立へは隣駅の天橋立駅があるため、観光客はそれほど多くない。
- Miyazu City is a tourist destination representing Japan due to its Amanohashidate, but the number of tourists using this station is not so large as access to Amanohashidate is more convenient from neighboring Amanohashidate Station.
- それと同時に、間に合わない車両については冷房制御スイッチだけ取り付けたり、冷房車編成のTcを1両差し替えるなどした。
- At the same time, some cars that were not remodelled into air-conditioned cars were tentatively equipped only with control switches for air-conditioning, and also one Tc coach was replaced with another from the air-conditioned trains.
- 幹在同一視の原則により、普通乗車券片道乗車券の経路に新幹線とそれに対応する区間の並行在来線の両方を含む事はできない。
- Based on the principle of kanzaidoitsushi, the route for a regular train ticket in one direction cannot include both a Shinkansen line section and a section on the regular railway in parallel with the Shinkansen line section.
- この事を受け、河原義明・定子夫妻の発願によって日蓮正宗への土地建物の寄進が行われ、それをもとに創建された寺院である。
- This led the followers to donate their land and property to Nichiren Sho Sect by the wish of Yoshiaki KAWAHARA and his wife Sadako, on which Sensho-ji Temple was constructed.
- それからしばらくして墓の様子を見に行かせると、死体は消えており、衣服だけがきちんとたたまれて、棺の上に置かれていた。
- After a while, the Prince again sent his servant to check on the grave, but the dead body was missing and only the clothing that the Prince gave to him, neatly folded, remained on the top of the coffin.
- これは、神社本庁が伊勢神宮を本宗とするとしているが、伏見稲荷としてはそれを受け入れるわけにいかないという理由である。
- This split was due to the fact that the Association of Shinto Shrines considers Ise-jingu Shrine to be the head of all shrines, but this was unacceptable for Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine.
- しかし勘違いしてはならないのは、神道でいう「穢れ」とは、それ即ち「不潔・不浄」を意味するものではないということである。
- It's important, however, to understand that according to Shinto's definition, the term 'kegare' (impurity) does not mean 'dirty or uncleanliness.'
- 昔ある者が家で昼寝していると、ぼろぼろの服の老人が座敷に入って来る夢を見て、それ以来何をやってもうまくいかなくなった。
- Long ago, when a man was taking a nap at home, he dreamed of an old man in ragged clothing entering the zashiki (Japanese style tatami room), and since then, nothing went well.
- 記録に見えなかった時期に、盟神探湯による裁判は行われなかったのか、それとも水面下で続いていたかどうかははっきりしない。
- It is unknown if trials by kugatachi were not held or were continuously held in secret during this period.
- 『日本書紀』には、妊娠したコノハナノサクヤビメをイワナガヒメが呪ったとも記され、それが人の短命の起源であるとしている。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki' Chronicles, Iwanaga-hime put a curse on the pregnant Konohanano sakuya bime, which caused human life to become shorter.
- 天照大神は月夜見の凶行を知って「汝悪しき神なり」と怒り、それ以来、日と月とは一日一夜隔て離れて住むようになったという。
- According to the myth, Amaterasu Omikami became angry, knowing the cruel deed of Tsukiyomi and condemning him (or her) as a bad god; from that day on, the sun and moon have come to live one night apart from each other.
- 古図によると、八神殿は各神を祀る社殿がそれぞれ独立しており、神祇官西院の西北に、東面した8つの社殿が南北に並んでいた。
- According to some old diagrams at the Hasshin-den, the main buildings enshrining each god were independent of one another, and the eight main buildings facing east extended north to south to the northwest of the sai-in in the Department of Worship.
- それを作文の上で参考にするのは問題ないが、頼りすぎて表現が固定化され本来の祝詞の意義からは外れているという指摘もある。
- It is all right to use samples as a reference when creating Norito, but some critics point out that too much dependence on samples and templates can lead to fixed expressions of Norito, which misses the original objectives of Norito.
- しかし実際には名誉職で、この他に近衛次将及び六位官人(治部少丞など)がそれぞれ別当に補されて諸官人及び内豎を監督した。
- In reality, however, this post was a honorable post and Konoe-jisho (vice Minister of the Imperial Guard) and Rokui-kanjin (government officials whose court rank was Sixth Rank) (Jibu shojo (Junior Secretary of the Ministry of Civil Affairs) etc.) were appointed to the deputy and supervised officials and Naiju.
- それが、王朝国家体制のもと、次第に密教僧や歌学者、各神社の神人に移り、仏教思想を基盤とした神話の再解釈が行われ出した。
- Under the system of the dynasty state, however, the interpreters of Nihonshoki gradually shifted to Esoteric Buddhist monks, pundits of waka poem studies, and the jinin (associates of Shinto shrines) of each shrine, and initiatives to reinterpret mythologies based on Buddhist philosophy started.
- 貧乏神を篤くもてなすと福の神に変ずるというバリエーションもあり、井原西鶴の『日本永代蔵』にはそれを題材にした話がある。
- There is a variation that Binbo Gami transforms into Fuku no Kami when treated cordially, and 'Nihon Eitaigura' (The Eternal Storehouse of Japan) by Saikaku IHARA has a story based on this.
- 宮座(みやざ)とは、地域の鎮守もしくは氏神である神社の祭祀に携わる村落内の特権的な組織及びそれを構成する資格者の集団。
- Miyaza is the empowered group in a village or its qualified members engaged in rituals of a shrine, a guardian god or a local deity of a village.
- 両エリア内でのチャージはSuica、PiTaPaそれぞれのカード対応の自動券売機、自動精算機、簡易入金機で可能である。
- In these areas the card can be recharged by the automatic ticket vending machines, automatic fare adjustment machines, simple rechargers for Suica, (TOICA) or PiTaPa.
- また、それまで還元釉の黒色と酸化釉の赤色しかなかった楽焼に、「白釉」(香炉釉)を導入し、楽焼の作風を広げる業績を残す。
- Also, he introduced 'hakuyu' (white glaze) (a type of koroyu [a glaze which Jokei RAKU first used for koro, incense burner]) to Raku ware which only had black created by Kangen Uwagusuri (Reduction glaze) and red created by Sanka Uwagusuri (Oxidation glaze), and expanded the style of the Raku wares.
- 土休日昼間時間帯は鞍馬線直通の出町柳~鞍馬間の列車と、出町柳~八瀬比叡山口間の列車がそれぞれで15分間隔で運転される。
- During daytime of weekends and holidays, direct trains are run on the Kurama Line at 15-minute intervals between Demachiyanagi Station and Kurama Station, with regular trains running at the same interval between Demachiyanagi Station and Yase-Hieizanguchi Station.
- その後、1960年のダイヤ改正で、それまで運行されていた京橋~守口間通過の普通に統合される形で現在の区間急行となった。
- After that, with the timetable revision in 1960, it came to its present form as a section express, being integrated with the types of local trains that until then went nonstop between Kyobashi Station and Moriguchi Station.
- 『招提寺建立縁起』(『諸寺縁起集』所収)に、寺内の建物の名称とそれらの建物は誰の造営によるものであるかが記されている。
- 'Shodaiji Konryu Engi' (The history of Shodai-ji Temple), included in 'Shoji Engi Shu' (a book describing the history of every temple), lists the names of the buildings of the temple and describes who had each of them built.
- 狐の意中の物は、親の皮で出来た御前の鼓であったが、それを知った義経は、自分の名を与えて「源九郎」と名乗ることを許した。
- When Yoshitune found out that the fox's real priority was Shizuka Gozen's Tsuzumi (a hand drum) made from the skin of its parent, he gave the fox his own name and allowed the fox to call himself 'Genkuro'.
- しかし、これに対しては既に、印が偽造されたあとにそれらしい伝説が作られたのではないかという反論が既に明治にされている。
- However some argued back in the Meiji period that the stamp had been faked and that folklore supporting the validity of the stamp had been created.
- 1601年(慶長6年)、当地の領主桑山氏は諸鍬神社 (愛西市)を三才山(伝飯豊天皇陵)に勧請し、それに当社を合祀した。
- In 1601, the feudal load KUWAYAMA made a branch shrine of Morokuwa-jinja Shrine (in present Aisai City) for a deity in Misayama (Mausoleum of Emperor Iitoyo, unconfirmed) and then enshrined Katsuragimiagata-jinja Shrine together.
- 稲荷神社や八幡宮など全国に広く分布するものは、それらの社名にさらに地名を冠することが多い(伏見稲荷大社・函館八幡宮)。
- In cases, such as Inari-jinja Shrine and Hachiman-gu Shrine, where there are many shrines with the same name, the place name is often added onto the shrine name (e.g. Fushimi Inari-jinja Shrine, Hakodate Hachiman-gu Shrine).
- 本居宣長の『古事記伝』では、賀茂真淵の説として、本来は男女一対の神であり、それが同一の神とされるようになったとしている。
- In his book 'Kojikiden' (Commentaries on the 'Kojiki'), Norinaga MOTOORI cited KAMO no Mabuchi's view that although they were originally a pair of deities, they came to be seen as the same deity in later years.
- 古代人はこれを神々しい「何か」の怒り(祟り)と考え、怒りを鎮め、恵みを与えてくれるよう願い、それを崇敬するようになった。
- Upon being instilled with a sense that these were anger (curse) of 'something' awe-inspiring, people in ancient Japan began to venerate of natural entities and phenomona, seeking to placate the anger when they thought that the awe inspiring entity or phenomenon was angry (and would impart misfortune), or to seek blessings.
- 道摩は「今が晴明を抹殺する好機」と「ではその秘書を私がもっていたらその首をいただく」と言い、晴明はそれに応じてしまった。
- Doma thought, 'This is the best opportunity to kill Seimei.' and said to him, 'Then, if I really have the secret book, I'll cut your head off.' and Seimei carelessly agreed.
- 新幹線の経営には莫大な費用がかかり、それを負担できる資本力があるのは日本国有鉄道の業務を継承したJR各社しか存在しない。
- A huge amount of money is needed for operating the Shinkansen, and the only companies with enough funds to shoulder such costs are the JR companies that have taken over operations of the Japanese National Railways.
- それ以外の新幹線はすべて自社車両(山形新幹線及び秋田新幹線用の車両の一部は正確には保有会社からの貸出)で運行されている。
- On each of the other Shinkansen lines, train-cars of the corresponding company alone run (some of the train-cars operated on the Yamagata Shinkansen or the Akita Shinkansen correctly are leased from the companies that own them).
- 1・2番線は乗降分離(線路の両側に乗車専用ホームと降車専用ホームをそれぞれ配置し、旅客流動を分離する事)型となっている。
- Platform 1 and 2 employ the divided system for incoming and outgoing passengers (at both ends of the track, two platforms--one for incoming passengers and the other for outgoing passengers--are placed to divide the flow of passengers).
- 2007年3月28日からは新幹線・在来線の改札口がそれぞれ独立して設置され、在来線改札口で自動改札機の供用が開始された。
- On March 28, 2007, the ticket gates of Shinkansen and those of conventional lines became independent, and automatic ticket checkers were introduced at the ticket gates of conventional lines.
- しかし、改装や建てかえが進んで昔の面影が消え、それとともに学風が失われつつあるという声も京都大学関係者の一部で聞かれる。
- However, as old constructions of Kyoto University get remodeled and rebuilt, traces of the historic city fade out, and the school tradition of Kyoto University is on the same path, some Kyoto University people say.
- これは山間部にあるそれとは意味合いが異なり、前述の通り高齢者などの交通弱者に対する配慮をすることを目的としたものである。
- Unlike those similar services found in the mountainous regions, where only a limited number of bus stop is allowed to set up because of their topographic conditions, this 'free get on and off section' service was introduced in consideration to those people of advanced age, who have less accessibility to the bus stops away from their home.
- 太平洋戦争後、高度経済成長期になると、自動車が普及し、それにあわせて旧街道の舗装・拡張・付け替えが行われるようになった。
- With the arrival of the high economic growth period after Pacific War, old Kaido were paved, expanded and renewed to accommodate the widespread use of cars.
- 現在「東海道」というと、しばしばこの両鉄道沿いのルートが江戸時代のそれであると誤解され、紹介されることもあるほどである。
- Today some people misunderstand and even show others that the route taken by these two railways is that of the 'Tokaido' of the Edo period.
- 起点は専用部の起点よりも約1.4km北の京都外環状線交点であるため、一般部の延長距離は専用部のそれよりも長くなっている。
- The general section is slightly longer than the exclusive section because its origin is the union with the Kyoto-sotokanjo-sen Belt Line, approximately 1.4 km north of the exclusive section's origin.
- これ以前の日本にも、邪馬台国の奴婢制や奈良時代の五色の賤など、身分差別は存在したが、それは賤視(下へ見下す見方)であった。
- Before that time, there also was a caste system in Japan such as Nuhi system in Yamatai-Koku kingdom and Goshiki no sen (Ryoko, Kanko, Kenin, Kunuhi, Shinuhi) in the Nara period, and was a way of exhibiting disdain (a way of looking down.)
- 立山山頂にある峰本社の本尊は阿弥陀如来と不動明王であるとされ、本地垂迹によってそれぞれイザナミとタヂカラオであるとされた。
- Located at the summit of Mt. Tateyama, the two honzon (principal images of Buddha) of Mine-honsha Shrine are believed to be Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) and Fudo Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings), which Honji-suijaku (theory of original reality and manifested traces) defines as Izanami and Tajikarao Honji-suijaku (theory of original reality and manifested traces), respectively.
- すくなくとも慈円は怨霊というものは、現れるだけの理由があって現れるものであり、それは「意趣」を返すためであると論じている。
- At least, Jien says that onryo will not appear without a reason; they will take their revenge.
- なお、北野天満宮と太宰府天満宮はそれぞれ独立に創建されたものであり、どちらかがどちらかから勧請を受けたというものではない。
- The Kitano-tenmangu Shrine and the Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine were established separately, and neither received kanjo from the other.
- 都が平安京に遷都されると、元々この地を基盤としていた秦氏が政治的な力を持ち、それにより稲荷神が広く信仰されるようになった。
- When the capital was transferred to Kyoto, the Hata clan who had ruled the region gained political power, causing worship for the god Inari to prevail.
- それを実現するために、神祇省は廃止され、その祭祀業務は宮内省明治初期(1869年-1885年)式部寮があたることとなった。
- To achive this, the ministry of Jingi was abolished and it was decided that Shikiburyo (department of rites), which existed during the early Meiji period (1869 to 1885), of the Imperial Household Ministry should conduct religious services.
- 名跡により継承されるのは「信用」「伝統」「歴史」「良きイメージ」「芸統・気風」すなわちブランドであるが、それのみならない。
- According to the traditional `myoseki` naming conventions the name that was handed down was not simply a badge of `trust,' 'tradition,' 'history,' 'good image,' and 'art/atmosphere``brands` etc.
- 一方、それだけに、戦国の乱世を渡り歩いた仙人あるいは忍者のような不思議な人物として、後世の伝奇物語などにしばしば登場する。
- On the other hand, due to his unidentifiable nature, he often appears in tales of fantastic of later years, as a hermit who waded through the troubled times of the Sengoku period, or a mysterious person like ninja.
- JR九州管内となる下関以西の在来線では乗車距離に応じた加算額が課されるのに対し、JR西日本管轄の新幹線ではそれがないため。
- This is because, although an additional amount of money corresponding to the traveling distance is added to fares on the regular railway line to the west of Shimonoseki, operated by JR Kyushu, such an amount of money is not added on the Shinkansen line operated by JR West.
- 既にJR西日本との競合にさらされていた阪急・南海などの他の関西私鉄に比べて、JR西日本との競合路線はそれほど多くなかった。
- Kintetsu Railways didn't have many competitive routes against JR West compared to other private railway companies like Hankyu and Nankai Railway, which were already competing against JR.
- 当初は、それほど乗客が無いか、あっても物珍しさのある開業当初だけで、早晩今日のローカル線のような状況になると思われていた。
- At first it was thought that there would be only a few passengers, or that, even if some people rode out of curiosity at first, it would in time become just another local line.
- 5回目の航海では中国最南端の海南島まで流され、それまで行動をともにしてきた栄叡を失い、自らは失明するという苦難を味わった。
- At his fifth attempt he was forced to sail to Hainan at the southernmost tip of China, and after losing Yoei who had accompanied him so far, he also suffered the burden of losing his eyesight.
- この頃を境に、寺は智光曼荼羅を祀る「極楽院」、五重塔を中心とする「元興寺観音堂」、それに「小塔院」の3つの寺院に分裂した。
- Around those days, the temple was divided into three temples: 'Gokuraku-in Temple' enshrining Chiko Mandala, 'Gango-ji Temple Kannon-do Hall (a temple dedicated to Kannon)' developing around the Five-Storied Pagoda, and 'Shoto-in Temple.'
- 和泉式部はそれを拒否したが、その様子を夫の保昌が神社の陰から見ており、その態度に感じ入ってその後は夫婦円満になったという。
- Izumi Shikibu refused, but FUJIWARA no Yasumasa saw this from an unseen location within the shrine and was so impressed with her attitude that they became happily married.
- いずれの厄年にもその前後1年間に前厄(厄の前兆が現れるとされる年)・後厄(厄のおそれが薄らいでいくとされる年)の期間がある。
- A period of one year immediately before and after each age of calamity is called maeyaku (pre-age of calamity at which portents of calamity may emerge) and ato-yaku (post-age of calamity at which the fear of calamity may recede), respectively.
- 『古事記』によれば、スサノオはそれを断り、母神イザナミのいる根の国に行きたいと願い、イザナギの怒りを買って追放されてしまう。
- According to 'Kojiki,' Susano refused it but instead wanted to go to Nenokuni (Land of the Roots), where the mother goddess Izanami stayed, but Izanagi was angered by that and expelled him from the land.
- しかしそれでも歴代の摂政関白の正室は多くが「北政所」と呼ばれており、かつては同時期に何人もの北政所が存在することさえあった。
- However, the legally wedded wives of Sessho or Kanpaku were called 'Kitano Mandokoro' for generations, and it also happened that a number of Kitano Mandokoro existed at the same time.
- まず、土一揆などによって徳政令が出されると、それによって打撃を受けた土倉を救済するために土倉役を免除しなければならなかった。
- Whenever the Tokuseirei was issued after peasant uprisings, the bakufu had to exempt the seriously damaged doso from the dosoyaku payment to save them.
- また、留め名であり、かつ、同屋号同亭号全体に対して家元的権威を持つ(あるいはそれだけの権威をかつては持っていた)名跡もある。
- Also there are Myoseki entertainers names that are both `tomena` (the name indicating highest achievable rank) and also indicate the `iemoto` (head of a school/troupe) authority (or at least the individual once held such an authority).
- 阪神・淡路大震災被災後は西から西明石・須磨・神戸・灘駅、東からは甲子園口・芦屋・住吉とそれぞれ運転再開区間が拡大していった。
- After the Hanshin/Awaji Great Earthquake, operation resumed from Nishi-Akashi, Suma, Kobe to Nada Station on the west side, and from Koshienguchi, Ashiya to Sumiyoshi Station on the east side.
- これら度々の勝ち戦により、次第に徳川軍も真田軍への攻撃を自重せざるを得なくなり、信繁はそれを見て堂々と大坂城に一時撤収した。
- Due to these frequent triumphant battles, Tokugawa's army was gradually forced to hold attacks against Sanada's army, and Nobushige, seeing it, made a temporary but lordly withdrawal to Osaka-jo Castle.
- それから、伐採した材木を筏流しで由良川を和知まで流し、和知から列車で発送することで輸送コストの削減と大量搬出が可能になった。
- Then, by using trains to transport it from Wachi after rafting cut wood down the Yura-gawa River to Wachi made it possible to cut the cost of transportation and bulk-transportation.
- 寺伝では中央の像が釈迦如来、向かって右の像が千手観音、左の像が弥勒菩薩を本地とし、それぞれ過去・現世・来世を象徴するという。
- The temple legend says that the statue in the center is the manifestation of Shaka Nyorai, the statue on the right is the honji (original ground or true nature) of Senju Kannon (Thousand Armed Avalokiteshwara), and the statue on the left is the honji of Miroku Bosatsu (Buddha of the Future, Bodhisattva of the Present), each of them representing the past, current, and future worlds.
- その地域の信仰を集めただけでなく、遠路からの信仰も集めることがあり、それらの寺院と各地を結ぶ交通路が整備されるようになった。
- Not only locals gathered to pay respect to the temples, people from remote areas also gathered to venerate these places, resulting in well maintained traffic routes connecting each area.
- 関西には、ほかにも「天照(アマテル)」のつく神社がいくつかあり、元々はそれぞれ当地の太陽神を祀っていた神社と考えられている。
- There are several other shrines in the Kansai area with the 'Amateru' as part of their names and these are thought to have originally enshrined the sun god of each area.
- これは幕末の頃に教育に熱心であった福井藩藩主松平春嶽が領民に天神画を飾るよう推奨し、それを富山の薬売りが広めたという説がある。
- According to one theory, around the closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate, Shungaku MATSUDAIRA, the feudal lord of Fukui Domain, who was devoted to education, suggested to his people to put up a Tenjin-ga (painting of Tenjin), and this was proliferated by the drug sellers of Toyama.
- 一対を成すことに着目して、本来一対だった太陽神とそれに仕える巫女が、やがて習合して祀られるようになっていったと見るむきもある。
- Paying attention to their existence as a couple, some have an opinion that gods of the sun, originally a couple, were later sycretized with miko (a shrine maiden) who served them and enshrined together.
- なおこの場合、中村歌右衛門のように、その系統で最高の権威を持ち、それ以上の襲名を行わない名跡のことを、止め名(留め名)と呼ぶ。
- In cases like that of the kabuki actor Utaemon NAKAMURA, the Myoseki stage name that indicates an actor has the arrived at the pinnacle of his troupe's line (ie. where there is no higher rung to achieve) is referred to as a `tomena` (literally meaning `halt name`).
- それによれば長さは2尺8寸(およそ85センチメートル)ほどで、刃先は菖蒲の葉に似ており、全体的に白っぽく、錆はなかったとある。
- According to the record, the sword was about eighty-five centimeters in length, similar to the leaf of an iris, white in color and gathered no rust.
- 駅舎は南北双方(北改札は1番ホーム、南改札は4番ホームの、それぞれ淀屋橋寄り)にあり、各ホームは跨線橋と地下道で連絡している。
- There are two station houses, one on the north side (whose ticket gate is provided on Platform 1) and the other on the south side (whose ticket gate is provided on Platform 4), with both located on the Yodoyabashi side, and each platform is reached either by a bridge across the railroads or an underground passage.
- また、1965年3月には鷹取~西明石間の複々線化が完成したが、それに先立つ1961年6月に西明石駅の現在地への移転を実施した。
- Nishi-Akashi Station was moved to the current place in June 1961 and the Takatori- Nishi-Akashi section became a quadruple-track section in March 1965.
- 10月改正で正式に廃止となるが、それに先立ち8月末から時刻表上でグリーン車マークが消え、連結されていた車は普通車開放となった。
- Although the first-class cars were officially abolished with the October revision, at the end of August the mark of the first-class cars had been removed from the timetable, and the coupled first-class cars were opened to passengers as ordinary cars.
- 昼間時間帯の普通列車は淀屋橋~出町柳間の運転で、それ以外は淀屋橋~萱島・三条・出町柳間・淀~三条・出町柳間の運転が基本である。
- During the daytime, the local trains are operated between Yodoyabashi Station and Demachiyanagi Station, and during the other hours operation is basically provided between Yodoyabashi Station and Kayashima Station/ Sanjo Station/ Demachiyanagi Station, and between Yodo Station and Sanjo Station/ Demachiyanagi Station.
- 1979年(昭和54年)3月5日 全ての急行(現在の快速急行)が停車するようになる(それまではラッシュ時の通勤急行のみ停車)。
- March 5, 1979: All express (currently rapid express) trains came to stop at Nagaokatenjin Station (prior to that point, only (commuter) express trains would stop at the station).
- 古代中国の思想によれば、亀は地上の支配を、麒麟は天空の支配をそれぞれ意味するものとされ、両者の合体した姿は宇宙全体の姿となる。
- According to ancient Chinese thinking, the turtle dominated the land and the qilin dominated the sky, with a combination of the two representing the entire universe.
- さらに、空海が、執筆中、阿字池のカエルが騒がしく鳴き、静かにするように叱ったので、それ以来騒がしく鳴かない、という伝説がある。
- Furthermore, another legend states that, while he was writing, Kukai rebuked frogs and told them to be quiet because they were croaking noisily, and so frogs at Ajino-ike Pond did not croak loudly any more.
- 神功皇后は三韓出兵の際に諸神を招いたが、海底に住む阿度部の磯良だけは、顔に牡蠣や鮑がついていて醜いのでそれを恥じて現れなかった。
- The Empress Jingu invited deities to send the army to the three kingdoms of Korea, but only Adobe no Isora who lived at the bottom of the sea did not appear because he was ashamed of his ugly face with oysters and abalones.
- それが簡略化され、また、百日もかけていられない急を要する祈願があって、一日に百度参るという形で百日詣の代わりとするようになった。
- This was either simplified or changed due to people having prayers they urgently wanted answered and thus could not wait one hundred days; at any rate, a version in which people visited the shrine or temple one hundred times in a single day came to replace the hundred-day visit.
- (神社祭式に規定されたものを基準として考えているので、それまで存在していた古式の神饌は「特殊」という括りで称されるようになった。
- (Because standard Shinsen is considered to be what is defined in the Rules for Ritual Procedures at Shrines, the traditional Shinsen has been seen as 'Special,' and called so.
- それまでも京都市内中心部からほど近いところにある「秘境」的なイメージから、演習林がテレビや新聞で紹介されることはたびたびあった。
- Even until then, the field practice forest had often been introduced on TV or in news papers, because the place had an image of being 'an unexplored region.'
- その後、後任が任じられることなく堀越公方が伊勢盛時(北条早雲)によって滅ぼされてしまったために、関東執事もそれとともに廃された。
- Thereafter, no successor was appointed and the post of Kanto-shitsuji was abolished when Horikoshi-kubo was destroyed by Moritoki ISE (Soun HOJO).
- 仲哀天皇の熊襲征伐の途次、岡県主の熊鰐、伊都県主の五十迹手らは、それぞれ白銅鏡、八尺瓊、十握剣を差し出して恭順の意を表している。
- When Emperor Chuai made an expedition to conquer the Kumaso (a tribe living in the ancient Kyushu district) led by the Oka no Agatanushi (ruler of the Tsukushi area) and Itote led by the Ito no Agatanushi (ruler of the Ito area), these leaders showed their allegiance by offering their Maso kagami (bronze mirror), Yasakani no magatama (comma-shaped jewel) and Totsuka no Tsurugi Sword.
- JR西日本ではまず2005年2月1日から大阪駅に導入し、それが好評だったため、利用可能な店舗が京阪神のハートイン全店に拡大した。
- JR West first introduced it in Osaka Station from February 1, 2005, and as it proved to be popular, the number of shops accepting the card was extended to the entire Heart-in convenience-store chain in the Keihanshin area.
- なお、京都市営地下鉄東西線開通前は京阪電気鉄道単独の地上駅として日ノ岡、御陵の2駅があり、現在の御陵駅はそれを統合した駅である。
- Prior to the opening of the Kyoto Municipal Subway Tozai Line, two ground stations (Hinooka and Misasagi) were operated by the Keihan Electric Railway, but eventually they were integrated into the current Misasagi Station.
- これに伴い京阪京津線の地下鉄東西線乗り入れ区間もそれまでの京都市役所前駅から一気に新しい西の終点駅の太秦天神川駅まで延長された。
- According to the above extension, trains of the Keihan Keishin Line started running directly to Uzumasa-tenjingawa Station, the new terminal of the subway Tozai Line, instead of the previous Kyoto Shiyakusho-mae Station.
- これが、延暦17年(798年)、それまで通り神祇官から幣帛を受ける官幣社と、その令制国の国司から幣帛を受ける国幣社とに分けられた。
- In 798, the kansha shrines were divided into Kanpeisha which continued to receive heihaku from Jingikan, and Kokuheisha which received heihaku from a kokushi (provincial governor) of the ryoseikoku (province) in where that shrine was.
- また平安時代には転居の際、「火」を避ける、という意味で緋袴にかえて白い袴を着用したが鎌倉の末期にはそれは廃れてしまっていたようだ。
- Also, during the Heian period when people moved house, to ward off 'fire' white hakama were worn instead of red however, by the end of the Kamakura period, this practice seems to have died out.
- 明治7年、明治政府はそれらの中から、旧薩摩藩の学者の意見を参考にして鹿児島県鹿屋市(旧 肝属郡吾平町)を「吾平山上陵」に治定した。
- In 1874, the Meiji government determined that his tomb is located in Kanoya City Kagoshima Prefecture (formerly Aira-cho, Kimotsuki-gun), based on the opinions of the scholars of the defunct Satsuma Domain.
- 江戸時代に定員は2名で、武家伝奏の職には幕府が任命し、役料はそれぞれ250俵 (単位)が与えられ、この他に官位禄物の配当があった。
- During the Edo period, two people, the fixed number of positions were appointed by the bakufu and given 250 hyo as an executive allowance and some money or textiles as a salary.
- 父であり師でもある亡き篤胤の未完の古史伝は、28巻迄出来上がり29巻~30巻の一部は書きかけで、それ以降は手付かずの状態であった。
- Kanetane's father-in-law and teacher, Atsutane HIRATA, left a fragment of 'Koshi-den'; volumes 1 to 28 had already been finished, however, volumes 29 and 30 had been left halfway, and volume 31 onwards hadn't been written.
- おおむね各府県につき1社を府県社に相当する内務大臣指定護国神社(指定護国神社)とし、それ以外を村社に相当する指定外護国神社とした。
- Generally one Gokoku-jinja Shrine in each prefecture was categorized as a Home Minister-designated Gokoku-jinja Shrine, which corresponds to Fukensha (prefectural shrines), and other Gokoku-jinja Shrines were categorized as non-designated Gokoku-jinja Shrines, which correspond to sonsha (a village shrine).
- タマヨリビメ(タマヨリヒメ)という名の神(または人間の女性)は様々な神話・古典に登場し、明らかにそれぞれ別の女神・女性を指している。
- Goddesses and female humans named Tamayoribime (Tamayorihime) appears in various myths and ancient stories, with each one obviously referring to a different goddess or woman.
- 「マジナヒ、こは物実を構えて、それにまじこり肖しめむと、のろひてする術、但しノロヒは凶からしむ方にのみするを此は吉凶ともにするなり」
- Majinai refers to the magic of pronouncing a curse on the original cause in order to bring down harmful results; Noroi (curse) is concerned with evil omen only whereas Majinai includes both good fortune and evil omen.
- 流行り病い、飢饉、天災、その他の災厄そのものが神の顕現であり、それを畏れ鎮めて封印し、祀り上げたものが神社祭祀の始まりとの説がある。
- Infectious diseases, famine, natural disaster, and other calamities are the manifestation of god, and a theory states that religious services in shrines started in awe of god to quell and seal these disasters and enshrine gods.
- その一世代後、すなわち垂仁の条には、沙本毘古の乱が記されているが、それと大彦の関係した武埴安彦の乱とは地域の重なりなど類似性が高い。
- One generation after that, or during the era of Emperor Suinin, described the rebellion of Sahobiko that showed numerous similarities, such as the region of occurrence, with the rebellion of Takehaniyasuhiko in which Obiko was involved.
- それ以外の神社では、公的な幣帛供進制度に代わって神社本庁から「本庁幣」として献幣が行われている(ただし神社本庁被包括の神社に限る)。
- For other shrines, the official heihaku presentation system was replaced with 'honcho-hei' offerings from Jinja-Honcho. (However, this is true only of shrines administered by Jinja-Honcho.)
- それにアヂスキタカヒコネが訪れたが、その姿がアメノワカヒコにそっくりであったため、天津国玉神らはアメノワカヒコが生き返ったと喜んだ。
- When Ajisukitakahikone, whose appearance so closely resembled that of Amenowakahiko, visited the funeral, Amatsukunitama no kami mistook him for his own son returned from the dead and rejoiced.
- それまで蘭学は禁令が解かれたとはいえ表立って行動を起こせば幕府への反逆の意思ありとみなされ、即処罰の対象にされかねない状況であった。
- Before that, even though the ban had been lifted, if they acted openly they could be considered as ones with traitorous intention against the Edo bakufu and immediately subjected to penalties.
- それでも4代将軍足利義持の頃にはまだ畠山氏の軍事力などに依存しており、6代将軍の足利義教は義満の政策を踏襲してさらに強権を目指した。
- However, Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, the fouth shogun, still depended on the military power of the Hatakeyama clan, and Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, the sixth shogun, aimed at strengthening his power following the policies used by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.
- 範囲が狭少であることから壱岐一国一円知行の松浦氏(平戸藩)、志摩一国一円知行の三河稲垣氏(鳥羽藩)はそれぞれ国主・国持とはされない。
- Due to the smallness of the area, the Matsuura clan (Hirado Domain) of Iki ikkoku ichien chigyo (literally, 'complete proprietorship in one province'), and the Mikawa Inagaki clan (Toba Domain) of Shima ikkoku ichien chigyo were not regarded as kokushu or kunimochi, respectively.
- 文章はそれぞれに異るが、瓊瓊杵尊およびその子孫が君主となって日本を治めることは、神の意志に基づくものであるとする内容が共通している。
- Although the sentences are different from each other, it shares the common context that it is the will of God for Ninigi-no Mikoto (grandson of Amaterasu Omikami) and his descendants to become the monarch and reign over Japan.
- 明治初期において、神霊の憑依やそれによって託宣を得る行為、性神信仰などが低俗なものや迷信として否定され、多くの民俗行事が禁止された。
- In the early Meiji period, possession by divine spirits and acts to obtain oracles from that possession, belief in sex gods and so on were rejected as vulgar or superstitious and many folk customs were prohibited.
- 主な大きな工事として京都地下線(東福寺駅~三条駅)は1987年、枚方市駅は1993年、寝屋川市駅は1999年にそれぞれ完成している。
- Large-scale work has been carried out, and the construction of the underground section in Kyoto City (between Tofukuji Station and Sanjo Station) was completed in 1987, Hirakatashi Station in 1993, and Neyagawashi Station in 1999, respectively.
- ある時期までは平城と飛鳥の両薬師寺にそれぞれ2基の塔があったと解釈されることから、町田甲一らはこれを非移建説の根拠の1つとしている。
- Koichi MACHIDA and others regard this description as an authority to believe that the East Pagoda and statues were not transferred from the original temple by interpreting the description as follows: Yakushi-ji Temple in Heijo-kyo and that in Asuka had two pagodas each until a certain period.
- 法然、親鸞、兼実の3名は、別離に際してそれぞれが自身の像を刻んだと言い、各人の自刻像と称するものが「三祖像」として寺に伝わっている。
- At the time of their separation, it is said that Honen, Shinran and Kanezane each carved a statue of himself and these are kept at the temple as the 'Sanso-zo' (Statues of the Three Founders).
- 大和大路通から本町通 (京都)までの間は歩道と中央分離帯の整備された広い通りだが、それ以外の区間は対面通行は可能であるが道幅は狭い。
- Walkways and a central median which create a wide lane are maintained between Yamatooji-dori Street and Honmachi-dori Street, while other areas are narrow although it is still two-ways.
- しかし、瓊瓊杵尊は木花開耶姫とだけ結婚したので、磐長姫命はそれを恥じ、「縁結びの神として良縁を授けん」と言って当地に鎮まったという。
- However, Ninigi no Mikoto married only Konohana no Sakuyabime, and the ashamed Iwanagahime no Mikoto said 'I will grant people their ideal match as the god of marriage' and was enshrined on the site of Kifune-jinja Shrine.
- 京都の禅寺は、五山十刹(ござんじっさつ)に代表される、室町幕府の庇護と統制下にあった一派と、それとは一線を画す在野の寺院とがあった。
- The Zen temples of Kyoto consisted of those under the protection and control of the Muromachi Shogunate as typified Gozan-Jissetsu system institutions and those outside of the system.
- 一説には、建葉槌命によって封じられた後も天津甕星が祟りをなしたため、それを鎮めるために建葉槌命を祭神とする大甕神社が創建されたという。
- According to one theory, since the curse of Amatsumikaboshi continued after being contained by Takehazuchi no Mikoto, Omika-jinja Shrine enshrining Takehazuchi no Mikoto was built to quiet this down.
- 直霊はものごとの善悪を判断して、人を誤らせないように導き、もしも誤ってしまった場合は、それらを反省し、自らを責め、悔い改めようとする。
- Naohi can distinguish right from wrong to guide the human so that it will not make mistakes, and calls for reflection, self reproach and repentance when mistakes occurs.
- それ以前には「大祭(おおまつり)」「御祭(おんまつり)」などと呼んだり、社名に祭をつけて「春日祭」「石清水祭」などと呼んだりしていた。
- Before then, it was known as 'oomatsuri', 'onmatsuri' or the host shrine's name with the suffix meaning a festival, such as 'Kasuga-Matsuri' Festival or 'Iwashimizu-Sai' Festival, was used.
- 史料的に確実な例としてあげられるのは、『続日本紀』の玄ボウの卒伝にみえる藤原広継の怨霊であるが、それ以前については意見がわかれている。
- Proof of an onryo found in a credible historic record is the example of Fujiwara no Hirotsugu written in Gembo's Sotsuden of Shoku Nihongi (the second of the six classical Japanese history texts), but scholars are divided over whether there had been onryo earlier than that.
- 福井県や富山県では、長男が誕生するとそれ以後の正月、床の間に天神像(木彫や掛軸)を飾り、福井では1月25日にカレイを供える風習がある。
- In Fukui Prefecture and Toyama Prefecture, when the eldest son is born, a Tenjin zo (wood carving or hanging scroll) is displayed in the alcove every new year holiday, and in Fukui, there is the custom of offering flatfish on January 25.
- 一般民衆の行事となるものには、生活に結びついた行事であり、農業、商売などそれぞれの生業に基づく現世利益、生活の安定を求めるものが多い。
- Many of the public events are tied to people's lives, who long for secular benefits and stability based upon their occupations, like agriculture and commerce.
- また、神祇官の本来的な職掌である国営の祭祀を行う為の八神殿の造営が神祇官内で提案された(それまでは神籬を立てて臨時の祭場としていた)。
- To conduct national religious services, its original primary role, construction of Hasshinden (eight shrines) was proposed within Jingikan (until then, himorogi - a temporarily erected sacred space or 'altar' used as a locus of worship, was built each time a religious ritual was conducted).
- 戦国時代になると戦国大名は自家の軍制において侍大将、足軽大将などの職制及び階層を定めたため、それらを率いる武将の地位を総大将と称した。
- As it become the Sengoku Period, when daimyo established the commanding positions and classes in their military organizations such as the Samurai daisho (commander of warriors) or Ashigaru taisho (general in command of a troop of food soldiers), the military commander in charge of these positions was referred to as a Sodaisho.
- 動物霊が人間の言葉を使うのは不可解にも思えるが、それは例えれば、他人の家に入り込んで其処に有る道具類をそのまま使うのと同じ道理である。
- It may be incomprehensible that animal spirits use human words, but it is, for example, just like they enter someone's home and just use the household belongings there.
- また、「山」の字も「王」の字も、三本の線と、それを貫く一本の線からなっており、これを天台宗の思想である三諦即一思想と結びつけて説いた。
- The Chinese characters 'san' (山) and 'o' (王) are both composed of three straight lines and one line that crosses them, and this pictographic design was associated with the basic principle of Tendai Sect, or Sandai Sokuitsu (three truths taken as one single principle), for proliferation of the teachings.
- 10月第2日曜に行われる祭で、東組、西組2基(それぞれ約2トン)の神輿や氏子町内からの5基の剣鉾、鼓笛隊などの盛大な巡行が行なわれる。
- This grand festival takes place on the second Sunday in October and features a parade of two portable shrines (each weighing approximately 2 tons) and five kenboko (decorated spear-like poles) accompanied by shrine parishioners, local residents and a drum and fife band.
- この時期、京都帝国大学においてはそれまでの分科大学制を改めて学部制を採用することとなり、1923年に農学部を設置することが決定された。
- Around this time, Kyoto Imperial University decided to employ a departmental system, replacing the university system composed of separate colleges, and decided to establish an agricultural faculty in 1923.
- 篤胤は様々な神社や神道流派に伝わる禊祓の祝詞を研究しそれを集成した形で、「天津祝詞の太祝詞事」はこのようなものだというものを示している。
- Atsutane showed what was 'Amatsunorito no hutonoritogoto' by researching and gathering prayers for misogiharae that were passed on to many Shinto shrines and sects.
- 10世紀ごろから、それまでの氏神・地主神としての性格だけでなく、火の神・水の神・木の神などの具体的な神徳・機能が附加されるようになった。
- From around the 10th century, god with specific virtues and attributes such as the god of fire, the god of water and the god of trees, were added to the existing figures of Ujigami (a guardian god or spirit of a particular place) and Jinushigami (god of an area of land).
- 人間が悪やケガレに直面したとき、それらに対して怒り、憎しみ、荒々しく反応するのは、自らの心の中に禍津日神の分霊の働きによるものだとした。
- When people face evil and impurity, and respond with anger, hatred, and harshness, it is the act of the portion of the divine spirit of Magatsuhi no kami in their hearts.
- 即ち一種の超常的な力を持ち、超常的な存在と交信する能力があって、それを以て的確な答を神託を求める人々に返すことができると見なされている。
- In other words, they are regarded as having the supernatural power to communicate with paranormal entities, enabling them to give appropriate advice to those seeking an oracle.
- 主な職掌は、大臣の仕事を補佐し朝議に加わりそれを施行することで、定員は始め4人であったが、705年の中納言の復活と共に2人に減らされる。
- The main function was to assist the tasks of the minister and to attend and execute court councils, and the number of regular personnel was originally four, but reduced to two in 705 when Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) was reintroduced.
- それぞれを単独で祀る神社としては、キサガイヒメ命は加賀神社 (島根県松江市島根町)、ウムギヒメ命は法吉神社(島根県松江市法吉町)がある。
- As for the shrines that enshrine each god, there is Kaka-jinja Shrine (Shimane-cho, Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture) for Kisagaihime no mikoto and Hokki-jinja Shrine (Hokki-cho Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture) for Umugihime no mikoto.
- また、それ以外にも「急行|(大和)西大寺 この車両三山木まで」や「準急|奈良 この車両三山木まで」などの増解結の方向幕も装備されている。
- Other than as mentioned above, directional screens such as 'Express (Yamato) Saidaiji,' 'This car only up to Miyamaki' and 'Semi Express Nara, this car only up to Miyamaki,' etc., as indicative of adding or disconnecting cars, are also installed.
- それでも51系は100両近く残留し、1968年10月1日の「ヨンサントオ」ダイヤ改正前後でも51系が60両、モハ70が3両残存していた。
- Nearly 100 cars of type 51 remained even after that, and sixty cars of type 51 as well as three cars of Moha 70 remained at the time of the 'Yonsanto' timetable revision made on October 1, 1968.
- フランスTGVの320km/h、JR西日本の500系 (300km/h)、ドイツが自国開発したICE (300km/h) がそれに続く。
- 320 km/h by TGV of France, 300 km/h by the 500 series trains of JR West, and 300 km/h by ICE Germany developed for its own use follow.
- 毎年年末年始は土曜・休日ダイヤ編成だが、宝塚線に限り正月三が日は「臨時ダイヤ」として急行と普通列車をそれぞれ10分ずつの間隔で運転する。
- During the Year End/New Year period, the timetable for Saturdays and holidays is applied, but the Takarazuka Line exceptionally operates the express and local trains every 10 minutes each in the first three days of the new year.
- 方向板を正面に掲出していた頃、宇治発の三条行きの方向板は大阪方面からのそれと区別するため、「三」と「条」の間が開いたものを使用していた。
- At one time, when the trains carried their destination plates on the front face, the trains departing from Uji for Sanjo used the plate on which the two Chinese characters that together indicated Sanjo were deliberately placed with a space in between as '三 条' (san-jo) in order to distinguish them from those proceeding from the direction of Osaka.
- 能登川で上り、近江八幡で下り、野洲で上りがそれぞれ緩急接続が行えるほか、河瀬・安土に中線があり普通電車の特急待避や折り返しに使用される。
- Each train going inbound at Notogawa Station and Yasu Station, as well as the ones going outbound at Omi-Hachiman Station, connects to local and limited express trains; accordingly, the inside line at Kawase Station and Azuchi Station are used for local trains waiting for limited express trains, or for shuttle trains.
- また徳田太兵衛は雑煮を詰まらせて死んだことで知られ、それはこの忠能に正月の挨拶に行ったときのこととされるが、年代にずれがあるようである。
- Additionally, Tahei TOKUDA died after choking on vegetable soup containing rice cakes, and it is believed this occurred while visiting Tadayoshi for New Year's, but the dates do not seem to match.
- また、サッカーJリーグの試合が行われる日には南茨木や西京極に、京都向日町競輪場が行われる日は東向日に、それぞれ臨時停車することもあった。
- Sometimes special trains were operated: on the day when a soccer game of the J. League was held, to Minami-ibaraki Station and Nishikyogoku Station, and when a bicycle race was held at Kyoto Mukomachi Bicycle Racetrack, to Higashi-muko Station.
- 仏教が、限られた皇族や有力豪族の信仰から、貴族社会全般に浸透し、武家や一般民衆まで及ぶ中世に入ると、氏寺も古代のそれとは変化していった。
- Ujidera underwent a change during the middle ages when Buddhism diffused down through aristocratic society and the samurai class to develop from being the sole preserve of the imperial family and powerful families to become a religion of the common people.
- それによると阿形像は大仏師運慶および快慶が小仏師13人を率いて造り、吽形像は大仏師定覚および湛慶が小仏師12人とともに造ったものである。
- According to the writings, the Agyo statue was made by master sculptors Unkei and Kaikei with 13 disciples and the Ungyo statue was made by master sculptors Jokaku and Tankei with 12 disciples.
- ねねの道 -知恵の道、神幸道と合わせて東山参道(三つの道)と言い、円山公園 (京都府)付近で接続して、それぞれ知恩院、八坂神社へと続く。
- Nene no michi (Path of Nene): This path, that starts in the area of Maruyama Park (Kyoto Prefecture) and continues to Chion-in Temple and Yasaka-jinja Shrine, is one of the 'Higashiyama Sando' (three approaches) along with Chie no michi path and Shinko michi path.
- 起源は定かではないが続日本紀の大宝 (日本)元年(701年)4月3日の条にこの神社の名があることからそれ以前から祭祀されていたとされる。
- The shrine's origin is not clear but it is known from the reference to it in the 'Shoku Nihongi' entry dated on April 3, 701 that the deity was enshrined before this date.
- 古代日本で農耕が発達するにつれて、年の始めにその年の豊作が祈念されるようになり、それが年神を祀る行事となって正月の中心行事となっていった。
- In ancient Japan, with the development of agriculture, prayers at the beginning of the year for an abundant crop began, and developed to honor Toshigami, which became the main event for New Year's.
- 自分の意志をはっきりと声に出して言うことを「言挙げ」と言い、それが自分の慢心によるものであった場合には悪い結果がもたらされると信じられた。
- The act of speaking out one's own will was called 'kotoage' (literally to speak out the word) and a bad result would be brought about if it was based on one's pride.
- もっとも、奨学院自体は皇別氏族全体の施設でありその別当は源氏長者のそれとは異なり、平氏や在原氏などを含めた全体の長者であった可能性もある。
- Provided, however, that as Shogakuin itself was the facility for all of kobetsu-shizoku (families branched out from the Imperial family), there is a possibility that its betto was not Genji choja but the choja of all such families including the Taira clan and the Ariwara clan.
- それ以前、宝徳2年(1450年)『氏経卿記』に以下のように記されている。「盗人六郎は山田で召し捕らえられ、宇治岡の辺りで斬首に処せられた。
- Prior to that, it was recorded in 'Ujitsunekyoki' (a diary of the lord Ujitsune, 1450) that 'the thief Rokuro was arrested at Yamada, and was decapitated somewhere around Ujigaoka Shrine.
- 本文の内容は『古事記』・『日本書紀』・『古語拾遺』の文章を適宜継ぎ接ぎしたものが大部分であるが、それらにはない独自の伝承や神名も見られる。
- Most parts of the document are patchworks of texts from the 'Kojiki,' 'Nihonshoki' and 'Kogo-shui' (History of the Inbe clan); however, there are some areas describing traditions and deities that are unique to the document.
- 例えばそれが狐なら狐の様相を露呈するから、すぐ判るが悪行を積んだ霊などの場合は、その時代時代に合わせて化けているので見破る事が中々難しい。
- For example, a fox spirit that just looks like a fox is easy to identify, but spirits who have ever committed wrong acts change themselves into other appearances in line with each time, so it is difficult to find out.
- 通説では株座が先に成立してそれが開放されて村座となったとされているが、反対に村座が階層分化によって閉鎖されて株座になったとする見方もある。
- According to one popular theory, Kabuza was established first, and then liberated to become Muraza; the opposite view is that Muraza was terminated by stratification and became Kabuza.
- 1980年代後半までは、普通列車でも時間帯によっては通過する列車があった(これは並河駅や吉富駅 (京都府)、それに淵垣駅も同じであった)。
- Until the late 1980s, some local trains passed the station without stopping during certain hours (as was also the case with the Namikawa, Yoshitomi (Kyoto Prefecture) and Fuchigaki stations).
- この禅定寺領は延久元年(1071年)、平等院に寄進され、禅定寺は平等院の末寺となった(それ以前は東大寺に平崇が建てた正法院の末であった)。
- In 1071, after the rice fields and vegetable fields belonging to Zenjo-ji Temple were donated to Byodoin Temple, Zenjo-ji Temple became a branch temple of Byodoin Temple (until then, Zenjo-ji Temple was a branch temple of Shoboin Temple in Todai-ji Temple that was erected by Heisu).
- それまでの街道を改良したものが多かったが、新しく作られた街道筋もあった(大井宿(岐阜県恵那市) - 御嶽宿(岐阜県可児郡御嵩町)間など)。
- During this project, there were many areas where improvements were made to the existing highways but there were some roads (such as the route between Oi-juku (Ena City, Gifu Prefecture) and Mitake-juku (Mitake-cho, Kani-gun, Gifu Prefecture)) that were newly developed.
- また、途中、カーブや坂道が連続していて、それらを敬遠するドライバーも少なくない事から、名神高速道路のバイパスとしては十分に機能していない。
- Moreover, many drivers dislike the winding areas and slopes along the Keiji Bypass, so the Keiji Bypass doesn't fully perform its function as a bypass.
- - 仏教では、多くの宗派で、死後の名前として僧侶に戒名や法名 (浄土真宗)を付けてもらうが、神道ではそれに当たるものは諡(おくりな)である。
- In many schools of Buddhism, a posthumous name, 'kaimyo' or 'homyo' (Jodo Shinshu, or the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), is given to the deceased by monks whereas in Shinto 'okurina,' an equivalent of Buddhism's 'kaimyo,' is given.
- 平安~鎌倉期の慣習では、居館は年貢・公事が免除される土地とされており、それを根拠として、地頭は居館の周辺を免税地として直営するようになった。
- Since it was customary for residences to be exempted from taxation during the Heian and Kamakura periods, land stewards took advantage of this custom to place land around their residences under their direct management.
- その後、中山慶子・柳原愛子(それぞれ明治天皇・大正天皇の生母)の待遇を巡り、女院を復活させる意見も出たものの、反対論が多く実現されなかった。
- After that, even though there were calls to revive the Nyoin in regard to the treatment of Yoshiko NAKAYAMA and Naruko YANAGIHARA (birth mothers of Emperor Meiji and Emperor Taisho, respectively), there was a lot of opposition and it did not come to fruition.
- 棒線駅時代は、普通列車でも時間帯によっては通過する列車があった(これは吉富駅 (京都府)や高津駅 (京都府)、それに淵垣駅も同じであった)。
- Even some local trains had to pass this station without stopping during certain time zones when it was a so-called bar line station with no side or refuge track (circumstances were the same at Yoshitomi Station, Takatsu Station and Fuchigaki Station, all of which are located in Kyoto Prefecture).
- 市営地下鉄と京阪電車の乗り換え(乗り入れ)駅であることから、東西線開通後しばらくの間、行先案内のためにそれぞれのホーム階に駅員が配置された。
- Because the new station was a transfer (junction) station between the Municipal Subway Line and the Keihan Railway Line, station employees were allocated to the respective platforms in order to provide guidance for users during a brief period of time after the opening of the Tozai Line.
- 一般には江戸時代になってから、講談等でその名将ぶりが知られる事になるが、徳川に敵対したにも関わらず幕府側はそれを敢えて禁ずることはなかった。
- The public in the Edo period knew him as a great commander; the Bakufu didn't prohibit that, although he was against Tokugawa.
- 又その他の宇治淀線関連の折返し経路(宇治淀線の関連系統であるが、それ以外の路線の関連系統でもある宇治~大久保折返し系統を含む)をも記述する。
- Also referred to in this Article are shuttle services linked to the Uji-Yodo Route, including the shuttle line between Uji and Okubo though it is also linked to other routes.
- 北は北大路通から南は十条通までで、北部の平野神社前以北と九条通以南は東寄りに斜めになっているが、それ以外の区間では一直線に真北を向いている。
- Between the Kitaoji-dori Street in the north and the Jujo-dori Street in the south, the street is straight and oriented due north, although the section north of Hirano-jinja Shrine in the north and the section south of the Kujo-dori Street run diagonally eastward.
- 全国で八坂神社、祇園神社、八雲神社を称する神社には、かつて牛頭天王が祀られた例が多い(それらは大抵、「○○天王」という別称をもつことが多い)。
- Many shrines that bear the names; 'Yasaka-jinja Shrine,' 'Gion-jinja Shrine,' and 'Yagumo-Jinja Shrine,' had once enshrined Gozu Tenno (they often have aliases that contain the sound of 'tenno' at the end.)
- 男性皇族では寛弘8年(1011年)、敦康親王に与えられたが、それ以降は法親王など僧籍に入った皇族が主な対象となり、俗親王には与えられなかった。
- Among the male imperial family, in 1011, Jugo was given to Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, and since then the Imperial Family members who had entered the priesthood such as Monk imperial princes received the title, while prince and princess who did not enter the priesthood did not.
- また禖子内親王に仕えた女房の六条斎院宣旨は『狭衣物語』の作者と言われ、それを反映してか作中には斎院、斎宮またはその前任者の皇女が多く登場する。
- Saiin and Saigu Priestesses, or princesses who were former Saiin or Saigu Priestesses often appear in 'The Tale of Sagoromo,' which may suggest that this book was probably written by Rokujo Saiin no Senji, a court lady serving Imperial Princess Baishi.
- 日月神示の内容は極めて広範囲にわたり、そのそれぞれに多くの記述が見られるが最も大きな特徴は神霊自身が「黄金の巻」第二帖で次のように述べている。
- Hitsuki Shinji covering very broad and many descriptions features a description in chapter 2 of volume 'Ogon' (gold) as follows:
- 「そのため、どの世界にでも少しでも曇りあったら、それが大きくなって悪は走れば、苦労に甘いから、神々様でも、悪に知らず知らずなって来るのざぞ。」
- Therefore clouds remained in each world, which grew up to evil to spoils people and even gods have been ignorant about that.'
- 今までの建替とは違い三千世界すべてに渡って起こる大災厄になる事と一部の高級神霊しか、それらの仕組みが分らないらしい事がここでも述べられている。
- So it is described here again that the biggest disaster will occur all over the Three Thousand World, which only some holy spirits know.
- それだけでなく、並行私鉄と比べても遜色のない車両であったことから、新快速の117系同様、防戦一方の国鉄のカウンターアタックのシンボルとなった。
- In addition, JNR boasted that these train series 201, along with Special Rapid series 117, were no longer inferior to the trains of private railways running in parallel, and used them as a symbol of their counter attack on private railways to which JR/JNR had been mostly defensive.
- 停留所名はJR京田辺及び新田辺は1997年7月26日以降はそれぞれ正式の「JR京田辺」(同日JR田辺駅より改称)、「近鉄新田辺」表記となった。
- After July 26, 1997, the names of the bus stops for JR (Japan Railroad) Tanabe and Shin-Tanabe were officially renamed to 'JR Kyotanabe' and 'Kintetsu Shin-Tanabe.'
- レーンが設置されたのは田辺西料金所の木津方面入口、精華下狛料金所の城陽方面入口、木津料金所および本線料金所であり、それぞれ1レーンのみである。
- Only one ETC lane has been established at the Tanabe-nishi tollbooth in the direction of Kizu, the Seika-shimokoma tollbooth in the direction of Joyo, and the Kizu tollbooth and toll gates of the main expressway.
- このことについて柳田国男は、稲の霊を祭った巫女が神と融合して祭られるようになり、それゆえ農神は女神と考えられるようになったのではないかとしている
- In this regard, Kunio YANAGITA suggests that miko (a shrine maiden) making rituals for the soul of rice were integrated into a god to be worshiped and thus the agricultural god came to be regarded as a goddess.
- また、森林内で木が倒れた場合に、それによって生じた隙間(生態学用語で言うギャップ)を、スギやヒノキなどを植え込むことで埋められることもよくある。
- When a tree falls, trees such as sugi (Japanese cedars) or cypresses is often planted to fill the space (the technical term is 'gap') left behind.
- したがって、1990年代に入ると近畿地方、それも大都市近郊に残された大規模な自然林と清流を擁する演習林を訪れる一般入林者が漸増するようになった。
- Therefore, entering the 1990s, the number of general public entering forest in Kinki region, and to this field practice forest where had a large scale natural forest and clear stream remained near big cities increased gradually,
- シヴァ神のマハーカーラがそのまま密教に取り入れたため、初期の大黒天はシヴァと同様に四本の手に三叉戟、棒、輪、索をそれぞれ持った像として描かれた。
- Since Mahakala--or in other words, Shiva--was introduced into Mikkyo without modification, Daikokuten was initially depicted in the same manner as Shiva, showing his four hands holding a trident, a staff, a ring, and a rope.
- それに合わせて、若狭本郷・若狭高浜~京都市内間を、同列車などの普通車自由席を使って移動できる「京都往復割引きっぷ」が新設された(6,000円)。
- Concurrently, 'Kyoto Discount Round Trip Ticket,' which permits unlimited use for travel between Wakasa-Hongo/Wakasa-Takahama and Kyoto City by using the non-reserved seats of ordinary cars of limited express trains, including this service (6,000 yen).
- 最近、衛星放送受信アンテナが目立ち、近代化された住宅も建ち始めているが、それでもなお駅から見る山間の集落そのものがすばらしい風景であると言える。
- Recently some modern houses with satellite antennas have been built, but still the view of the mountain village, as seen from the station, is beautiful.
- だが、国鉄財政はそれら新幹線の建設費負担も重なって遂に破局的状態となり、中曽根康弘内閣の下で断行された1987年の国鉄分割民営化に至るのである。
- However, with the burden of the construction of these Shinkansen lines added as well, the finance of JNR reached a catastrophic situation, leading to the division and privatization of JNR in 1987 the by Yasuhiro NAKASONE Cabinet.
- それらにより、従来は京都市中心部から京福線(嵐電)や路線バスを利用して太秦・嵐山へ向かっていた観光客が嵯峨野線利用へとシフトする傾向が見られる。
- In light of all of this, it is foreseeable that tourists who formerly took the Keifuku Line (Randen) or shuttle buses from central Kyoto City out to Uzumasa or Arashiyama will switch to using the Sagano Line.
- 墓誌の記載内容は唐招提寺文書中に残されており、それによると、行基は菅原寺(現・奈良市喜光寺)で没した後、「生馬山之東陵」で火葬に付されたという。
- The details of the inscription on the epitaph can be found in Toshodai-ji Temple documents, and according to them, after Gyoki died at Sugawara-dera Temple (now Kiko-ji Temple in Nara City) he was cremated at 'the eastern foot of Mount Ikuma-yama'.
- これら2つの寺院は、それぞれ平安京の左京と右京を守る王城鎮護の寺、さらには東国と西国とを守る国家鎮護の寺という意味合いを持った官立寺院であった。
- These two temples were official government temples meant to protect the castles of Heiankyo's Sakyo and Ukyo, and also to protect the eastern and western parts of the country.
- 本職巫女の求人は、新聞・求人広告、ハローワーク等に掲載されることがあり、神社関係者で無い場合はそれらを探すのが本職巫女になる現実的な手段であろう。
- As some professional miko are recruited through newspapers, classified ads or Hello Work (job-placement office), these may be practical means by which to land a job if you lack connections to people in shrines.
- すると、八幡製鉄所がある福岡県と、古くから医学が盛んで第五高等学校 (旧制)医学部がある長崎県が、「50万円を寄付する用意がある」とそれぞれ言明。
- The governors of Fukuoka Prefecture where Yahata Iron Factory was located and Nagasaki Prefecture where the Former Fifth High School Faculty of Medicine existed said that 'we are prepared for donating 500,000 yen'.
- 応仁の乱で焼失してからは宮中では再建されず、江戸時代に吉田家が吉田神社境内に、白川家が邸内にそれぞれ八神殿を創建して宮中の八神殿の代替としていた。
- After it was burnt down during the Onin Rebellion, it was not rebuilt, but in the Edo period, the Yoshida family built a Hasshin-den on the grounds of the Yoshida-jinja Shrine and the Shirakawa family built one on their property as an alternative to the Hasshin-den at the Imperial Court.
- しかし時代がたつにつれ、神格は分かれ、航海者の記憶は薄れると共に、統治領域についても曖昧になり、やがてそれぞれ独立した存在となったのかもしれない。
- However over time, as the seafarers memories became vague along with the boundaries of governing regions, these deities became separate entities.
- ※東海道新幹線の列車および西日本旅客鉄道の在来線特急・急行の停車駅は各列車記事を、近畿日本鉄道の特急の停車駅は近鉄特急の項を、それぞれ参照のこと。
- *For the stations at which the trains on the Tokaido Shinkansen and the limited express/express trains on the JR West conventional lines make their stops, please see the sections of the respective trains; for the stations where the limited express trains of Kintetsu Railways make their stops, please see the section 'Kintetsu Railways Limited Express.'
- 昼間時は京都~近鉄奈良間、国際会館~近鉄奈良間、京都~天理間、京都~橿原神宮前間の系統がそれぞれ毎時1・2・1・2本ずつ、合計毎時6本運転される。
- During the daytime, six trains operate every hour on the following routes: one train between Kyoto and Kintetsu-Nara, two trains between Kokusaikaikan and Kintetsu-Nara, one train between Kyoto and Tenri, and two trains between Kyoto and Kashiwarajingu-mae.
- それから10代300年の間、明治時代に庄屋制が廃止されるまで小川村の庄屋大森家はとぎれることなく続いたのである」(木村中著『伊予の奇傑大森彦七』)
- Over 300 years and ten generations thereafter, until the shoya system was discontinued in the Meiji period, the shoya Omori family in Ogawa-mura had continued without interruption ('Hikoshichi OMORI- a remarkable person in Iyo' by Naka KIMURA).
- 1997年3月改正で運転を開始(梅田、十三、高槻市、桂、大宮、烏丸、河原町に停車)、2001年3月改正以降は、それ以前の急行と同じ停車駅となった。
- With the revision of March 1997, the train started its operation (stopping at Umeda Station, Juso Station, Takatsukishi Station, Katsura Station, Omiya Station, Karasuma Station and Kawaramachi Station) and after the revision in March 2001 the train again began operating with the same stops as the former express train that was operated before the revision.
- しかし、渋滞などにより定時制の確保が難しい、最終バスの時間が早いため、それ以降は公共交通機関を利用しなければならないなど、学生の間には不満もある。
- But the students complain the traffic jam and others make it difficult to keep the punctual service, and that the last bus starts so early they have to use the public transportation after that.
- これを権現号の使用禁止と関連させて、排仏政策によるものだという指摘もあるが、それよりはむしろ国家管理の施設としての合理化によるものといえるだろう。
- This trend can be linked to prohibition of the use of the 'gongen' title and there are also indications that it is partially due to the anti-Buddhist movement, but it is far more likely to be a result of the streamlining that arose as a result of the status of shrines as nationally managed institutions.
- それでも、戦中戦後の混乱期を経ながらも伐採と施業によって一定の収益を上げることができ、大学の財産形成に寄与したほか、一定ながらも地域還元が行われた。
- Even so, the operation of the forest could attain a certain amount of profit by logging trees despite experiencing the turbulent period during and after the war, and contributed to the formation of wealth of the university and returned some of the profit to the local communities, although it was a fixed amount.
- それでも荘園領主・国司へ約束額を納入しない地頭がいたため、荘園・公領の領域自体を地頭と領主・国司で折半する中分(ちゅうぶん)が行われることもあった。
- Since land stewards often failed to pay agreed amounts of taxes to manorial lords or imperial officials even under this subcontract system, some manors and imperial territories were divided between land stewards and manorial lords or imperial officials.
- なお、鎌倉幕府においては、御家人が上司(在京預所)あるいはそれに近い権限を有する上級荘官に補任されることを禁じた「傍官上司」と呼ばれる規定があった。
- In the Kamakura bakufu, there was a regulation called 'Bokan joshi,' which prohibited gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) to be appointed to Joshi (Zaikyo Azukaridokoro) or high-ranked shokan (governor of the manor) with similar authority.
- キリスト教行事と考えられているクリスマスは12月25日(グレゴリオ暦)でキリストの誕生日だからという俗説があるが、聖書にはそれを特定する記述はない。
- Christmas on December 25 is traditionally known as a Christian event for being Jesus Christ's birthday, however, there is no mention of this written in the Bible.
- また、蔭位制度などを通じた父系による出自集団化が進み、父系を通じて同じ祖先を有する者たちの守護神としての氏神及びそれを祀る氏社が成立するようになる。
- Grouping by original line based on the paternal line through a hidden ranking system, etc., was advanced, and ujigami as a guardian god of those who were from the same ancestors through their paternal lines and ujisha which worshipped this ujigami was established.
- 観光シーズンには特別休日ダイヤが組まれることがあり、日中は最大で出町柳~鞍馬間の列車と出町柳~八瀬比叡山口間の列車がそれぞれ12分間隔で運転される。
- There is a special holiday schedule during sightseeing seasons, where, during peak daytime rush hours, trains run at 12-minute intervals between Demachiyanagi Station and Kurama Station and between Demachiyanagi Station and Yase-Hieizanguchi Station.
- かつての興福寺には中金堂(ちゅうこんどう)、東金堂(とうこんどう)、西金堂(さいこんどう)の3つの金堂があり、それぞれに多くの仏像が安置されていた。
- Once there were three Kon-do Halls (main halls): Chukon-do Hall (Middle Golden Hall), Tokon-do Hall (Eastern Golden Hall), and Saikon-do Hall (Western Golden Hall), and many Buddha statues were enshrined between them.
- ハルト・バン・トンダとマイケル・ライオンズによれば、それは方丈の間の中心であり、15の石の配置は、ここを根元とする「二分岐構造」になっているという。
- According to Gert Van Tonder and Michael Lyons, that point is at the center of the Hojo-no-Ma room as the 15 stones are positioned in a forked pattern whose base would be at the center of the room.
- 阪神高速道路8号京都線接続部は一般部の起点よりも約1.4km南の淀川左岸(南岸)付近にあるため、専用部の延長距離は一般部のそれよりも短くなっている。
- The exclusive section is slightly shorter than the general section because the union of the exclusive section with the Hanshin Expressway Route No. 8 Kyoto Line is near the left (southern) bank of the Yodo-gawa River, 1.4 km south of the origin of the general section.
- これによって「滝口の武者」は朝廷が公式に認める「武士」となり、それを勤めて実績を積み、六位程度の六衛府の武官を目指すのが平安時代後期の武士の姿だった。
- This led the 'Takiguchi soldiers' to become 'warriors' officially admitted by the Imperial court, and it was the ideal of samurai warriors in the late period of the Heian period to earn some achievements by serving as a Takiguchi warrior, and aspire to become a military attache of Rokuefu (Six guard divisions) with a position equal to Rokui (Sixth Rank).
- そこで、「衆中」と呼ばれていたそれぞれの業者内の有力者が責任者となって、数十軒単位で幕府に代わって徴税を行い、その収入を幕府に納付する方針に変更した。
- Therefore, the bakufu adopted a new policy; the 'shuchu' (leading figures among individual traders) takes responsibility in collecting taxes from every tens of traders on behalf of the bakufu, and pays income generated by the taxation to the bakufu.
- また、大伴田主に贈った巻2・126には左注として漢文による物語が附されおり、それ以外の大伴家関係の歌に関しても遊びの要素が強いのだろうと目されている。
- Additionally, the 126th poem in Vol. 2 for OTOMO no Tanushi has a caption on the left with a story in Sino-Japanese, and it is believed that other poems related to the Otomo family were also playful instead.
- 2人が祈祷を行うと、天は晴れ、大杉の上に天竺(インド)の日良、唐(中国)の善界、日本の太郎房という天狗の統領たちがそれぞれの眷属数万を率いて出現した。
- After the two men prayed, the sky cleared and the three Tengu (long-nosed demon) masters Nichiryo of India, Zenkai of Tang (China) and Tarobo of Japan appeared atop a large cedar tree leading tens of thousands of each of their descendants.
- 予算や教員数といった規模も考慮した総合的な順位としては、日本で2番目の大学といえるが、実際最上部の学生や最先端をゆく教員の質は東大のそれに比肩しうる。
- Taking its scale, such as the budget and teaching staff, into account, Kyoto University, as a whole, can be ranked the second in Japan, but actually, it can be equal to Tokyo University, No. 1 university, in the quality of its very best students and teaching staff, who tackles the cutting-edge research.
- 南部及び南東部は京都市左京区の広河原 (京都市)及び久多地区に、北東部は滋賀県高島市の朽木村に、北部は福井県おおい町の旧名田庄村にそれぞれ接している。
- Its southern and southeastern areas border the Hirogawara (in Kyoto City) area and Kuta area in Sakyo Ward of Kyoto City, the northeastern area borders Kutsuki-mura, Takashima City, Shiga Prefecture, and the northern area borders the former Natasho-mura in Oi-cho, Fukui Prefecture.
- また、前記の2者にしても、それぞれJR東日本、大井川鐵道(ひいては、その親会社である名古屋鉄道)がその維持に多大な助力をしているというのが現状である。
- As for the first two mentioned above, the fact is that they have been receiving great support for maintenance, one from JR East and the other from Oigawa Railway Company (consequently its mother company, Nagoya Railway Company).
- そして神託を下すアポロンの神官たちは実は、デルポイに集まる群衆から各地の情報や巷の噂などを収集し、それらを総合して独自に世界情勢を把握していた、という。
- Priests who gave oracles, in effect, collected information on regions and rumors on the street from people coming to Delphi and independently comprehended the world situation by piecing the collected information together.
- 応仁の乱の前後から、守護同士の紛争が目立って増加しており、それに歩調を合わせるように、在地領主である国人の独立志向(国人一揆など)が見られるようになる。
- From around the time of the Onin War, there were increasingly prominent clashed between different Shugo; keeping pace with that was the desire for independence (kokujin revolts, etc.) on the part of the kokujin, who were the local lords.
- それでも執拗な攻撃は止まず、奇しくも広島に原爆が投下された8月6日には、住吉駅構内で半流モハ43のトップナンバーであるモハ43038ほか4両が被災した。
- Air raids persistent, and on August 6, the day on which the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, four cars including Moha 43038, the top number of Handen Moha 43, were damaged from an air raid at Sumiyoshi Station.
- それでも大鉄局は何とか意地を見せて、72系の中でも920代の全金属車や72系新製車を中心に編成を組むことによりレベルダウンを最小限に食い止めようとした。
- Even under such circumstances, the Osaka Railway Bureau tried to minimize the decrease in the level by using 920 type metal-made cars and new type 72 cars.
- 乗客減も進み、荒廃してとうに末期症状を呈していた北丹鉄道がそれでも運行を続けたのは、将来の宮守線との接続および国による買い上げを目論んでのことであった。
- The reason why Hokutan Railway, which was then in a desperate situation with the numbers of passengers continuously decreasing, continued its operation was that it expected the line's connection with the Miyamori Line as well as the purchase by the nation.
- このような、その年初めてのものを神に供えるという初穂の習慣が、後に、「初物」と呼んでそれを貴んだり、近隣や知人の間で初物を贈りあったりする習慣に発展した。
- This hatsuho tradition, of supplying gods with things harvested first (first fruit) of the year, later came to be called 'hatsumono' (primeur) and valued, and was then developed into a tradition of giving hatsumono to neighbors or acquaintances.
- それ以前は、8000系は黒地に赤文字の幕を、3000系は白地に赤文字の幕を使用しており、1995年の更新工事の際に8000系と同様の黒地に赤の幕となった。
- Before then, while in the case of the Series 8000 the letters were written in red on a black background, in the case of the Series 3000 the letters were written in red on a white background, and when the series was renovated in 1995 the rollsign became the same design as the Series 8000, with red letters on a black background.
- それに合わせて近鉄京都線の駅は近鉄丹波橋駅として独立し、近鉄線との連絡線は撤去されている(駅北側の駐輪場周辺や、駅南側の分岐線跡地にその名残が見られる)。
- Therefore, the station of the Kintetsu Kyoto Line became independent as Kintetsu-Tanbabashi Station and the connecting line to the Kintetsu Line was removed (traces of mutual operation can be seen in the bicycle parking area at the north side of the station and at the branch track, which is in the south side of the station).
- 一方、この区間急行とは別に、1952年にそれまで混雑時に天満橋~枚方市間で運行されていた急行を、枚方公園以北を各駅停車とする形で八幡町・深草まで延長した。
- On the other hand, other than the section express, express trains that had operated between Tenmmabashi Station and Hirakatashi Station during rush hours were extended in 1952 to run up to Yawatacho Station and Fukakusa Station by stopping at all stations from Hirakata-koen Station and to the north.
- 現状、紙面の下半に絵があり、上半部には序文に続けて30名の禅僧による賛が書かれているが、当初は座屏(ついたて)の表裏にそれぞれ絵と賛を貼ったものであった。
- At present, the lower half contains the image and the upper half includes the inscriptions of 30 Zen priests following the foreword but the image and inscriptions were originally stuck to the front and back of a small standing screen.
- 平安時代前期の嘉祥3年(850年)に弘法大師(空海)の高弟・堅恵(けんね)により創建されたと伝わるが、それ以前に奈良・興福寺の修円が創建したともいわれる。
- A temple legend says that the temple was founded by Kenne, a high caliber disciple of Kobo Daishi (Kukai) in 850, but another legend suggests the temple was built before that time, by Shuen of Kofuku-ji Temple.
- 伊勢御師の神楽は明治期に衰退したが、それ以前の段階において熊野信仰や修験道・陰陽道・修正会などの要素と組み合わさった形で日本各地に広まったと考えられている。
- Though kagura performed by Ise priests went into decline in the Meiji period, it is thought to have spread to various places in Japan before then, having combined with elements of the Kumano Shinko cult, Shugendo (mountain asceticism), Onmyodo (yin-yang cosmology) and Shushoe (New Year's festival).
- 当時、中央の官職にあぶれた武士身分の下級貴族が多数、地方へ下向してきており、荘官たちは荘園を巡る紛争解決のために、それらの武士貴族と主従関係を築いていった。
- At that time, many lower ranking aristocrats with samurai rank who could not get posts in the central government went down to the provinces, and shokan established heirachichal relationships with them in order to solve conflicts over the manors.
- 天平勝宝5年(755年)には班田収授法の円滑な実施のため、平城京の左右両京・河内国・摂津国・山城国にそれぞれ4名ずつの算師が任命されたことが記録されている。
- It is recorded how in 755, four people were appointed as sanshi in both Sakyo and Ukyo (the areas to the right and left of Heijokyo (the ancient capital), as well as in the Kawachi, Settsu and Yamashiro provinces; this was done to ensure the smooth implementation of the Handen Shujo law (a law for periodically reallocation rice land).
- 日本神話にある、人格神などの人としての偶像を持つ神々も信仰の対象とし、「それらの神がその他の森羅万象の神々を統べる」という考え方に時代とともに移っていった。
- The deities having an idol as a human such as a humanized divinity in Japanese myths were also objects of worship, then the age changed to accept the concept that 'these deities govern other deities of shinrabansho.'
- しかしながらそのホーム有効長は極端に短く、普通列車でも時間帯によっては通過する列車があった(これは並河駅や高津駅 (京都府)、それに淵垣駅も同じであった)。
- However, the effective length of that platform was extremely short and even local trains had to pass without stopping during certain time periods (the situation was the same at Namikawa Station, Takatsu Station (Kyoto Prefecture), Fuchigaki Station and others).
- 当時欧米では、将来の大量輸送手段として航空機と高速道路網による高速輸送が有望視され、鉄道はそれらに取って代わられる時代遅れのものだという見解が広まっていた。
- In Europe and the United States, for volume transportation measures, high-speed transportation using airplanes and road networks was considered promising, and the opinion was gaining support that railways would be replaced with such new networks and would be old-fashioned.
- しかし、昭和天皇即位の礼が実施されるのに間に合わせる必要があった事、それに予算の問題もあって、とりあえず仮の駅として、現在地に地上でターミナル駅を建設した。
- However, a terminal station was provisionally constructed on the grounds of the present site because, in addition to budgetary constraints, there was also a need for the construction to be completed before the Enthronement Ceremony for Emperor Showa.
- 大道寺に見られるように既存の仏教寺院の建物を転用するか、新たに建てた場合も、日本人の大工を用い、日本の建築様式(とくに仏教寺院のそれ)を踏襲して建てられた。
- As can be seen at Daido-ji Temple, whether existing Buddhist temples were converted to churches or new structures constructed, Japanese carpenters were used and Japanese architectural styles (in particular Buddhist temple styles) were emulated.
- 後にこの地に土着した宇多源氏によって宇多天皇とその皇子であり宇多源氏の祖である敦實親王が祭られ それ以降佐々木源氏の氏神とされ、子々孫々が篤く崇敬していた。
- Later, Emperor Uda as well as the Imperial Prince Atsumi, who was the son of Emperor Uda, and the founder of Uda-Genji (Minamoto clan) were worshipped by Uda-Genji, and subsequently they were venerated by their descendants as ujigami for Sasaki-Genji.
- その中で主として祀られる神を主神(しゅしん)・主祭神(しゅさいじん)、それ以外の神を配神(はいしん)・配祀神(はいししん)・相殿神(あいどのしん)などという。
- Among them, the chief god, that is to say, the main enshrined deity, is called 'Shushin'or 'Shusaijin,' with other deities referred to as 'Haishin,''Haishishin'or 'Aidonoshin.'
- 内地においては、1947年(昭和22年)に帝国大学令が国立綜合大学令と名称変更され、それに伴い各地の帝国大学は改称し、学制は保持しつつも帝国大学の名は消えた。
- In Japan, the Imperial University Law was renamed to National University Law in 1947, the imperial universities in various parts of Japan were renamed and the educational system was maintained, but the names of imperial universities were disused.
- 出雲国(現;島根県)東部の奥出雲町にはスサノオが降臨したといわれる鳥髪峰(現;船通山)、それに隣接する安来市はスサノオが地名をつけたという風土記の記述もある。
- There is Mt. Torikami (now Mt. Sentsu) in Okuizumo-cho on the east side of Izumo Province (the present-day Shimane Prefecture), to which Susano descended, and it was written in Fudoki (ancient record) that Susano named the neighboring city, Yasugi City.
- それでも唐の文化の影響が強まった平安時代初期には、漢音に関する関心から弘仁8年4月17日 (旧暦)(817年5月6日)付けで「音生」設置の格式が出されている。
- However, in the early Heian period when the influence of Tang culture became stronger, kyakushiki (amendments and enforcement of regulations of the ritsuryo) to establish 'onsho' was issued on May 10, 817 due to interest in kanon.
- 複数の武士団により編成された連合軍の場合、指揮系統面においてそれぞれの武士団ごとに独立しており、総大将はあくまで盟主としての地位に過ぎず比較的権限が弱かった。
- On the other hand, in the case of troops being organized by allied samurai groups, each group had an independent chain of command and the Sodaisho was just a figurehead with relatively weak authority.
- しかし、それ以外の地方私鉄は、人口減、過疎化の影響を強く受けており、富士急行など沿線に観光資源を有し観光事業が好調な事業者を除くと黒字になっている所は少ない。
- However, local private railways other than above are strongly affected by decline in population, and most small-and-medium-sized railways, except those which have tourism resources along its route and thus have good tourism business such as Fujikyuko Co., Ltd., are running at a loss.
- 現在本列車群は、大阪~福知山間を1時間40分程度で、大阪~城崎温泉間を2時間40分程度で、それぞれ結んでおり、本数も1時間間隔と、高速バスに比べて頻度が高い。
- Currently, the trains of Kitakinki cover the section between Osaka Station and Fukuchiyama Station in approximately one hour and 40 minutes, and they cover the section between Osaka Station and Kinosakionsen Station in about two hours and 40 minutes; the train starts almost every hour, which is more frequent than the express bus service.
- このから、新幹線の開業した1964年度から国鉄収支は赤字に転落し、以後それは拡大する一方となって、結果的に新幹線建設は国鉄破綻の1つの原因となったと言われる。
- Therefore, JNR's balance fell into the red from 1964 when the Shinkansen line started its operation, and the deficit amount continued increasing after that, and it is said that, as a result, the construction of the Shinkansen line was one the causes of the bankruptcy of JNR.
- 1928年(昭和3年)7月1日 - 応天門駅を神宮道駅(後の平安神宮前駅, 1944年廃駅)に、広道駅を岡崎道駅(1931年2月20日廃駅)に、それぞれ改称。
- July 1, 1928: Otenmon Station and Hiromichi Station were renamed as Jingu-michi Station (Heianjingu-mae Station, which was abolished in 1944) and Okazaki-michi Station (abolished on February 20, 1931), respectively.
- 当寺の伽藍配置は「薬師寺式伽藍配置」と称されるもので、中央に金堂を配し、金堂の手前東西に塔を、金堂の背後に講堂を、またそれらを取り囲むように回廊を配している。
- The layout of this temple is referred to as 'The Yakushi-ji Temple style arrangement of temple buildings,' arranging Kon-do Hall in the center of the precincts, two pagodas in the east and west separately in front of the Kon-do Hall and Kodo Hall behind the Kon-do Hall, with cloisters surrounding these entire structures.
- ただし、中山道のそれぞれの部分は、「東京と新潟を結ぶ街道(東京~高崎)」「尾張と木曾を結ぶ街道(名古屋~長野)」などとして、依然として重要な街道であり続けた。
- Some segments of Nakasen-do Road, however, remained important highways such as the 'route between Tokyo and Niigata (Tokyo – Takasaki)' and 'route between Owari and Kiso (Nagoya – Nagano)'.
- 神社の敷地(境内)には、その神社の祭神に関係のある神や元々その土地に祀られていた神を祀る摂社や、それ以外の神を祀る末社があり、両者をあわせて摂末社と総称する。
- The grounds of a shrine contain both sessha (auxiliary shrines), dedicated to deities closely related to that of the main shrine or a kami that was originally enshrined on the site, and massha (subordinate shrines), dedicated to deities other than above mentioned, which are collectively known as 'Setsumatsusha'.
- その年のさまざまなイベントなどとタイアップしてコースが定められている『京の冬の旅』『京の夏の旅』のコースはそれが最もその特徴が顕著に出ているコースとも言える。
- The most remarkable tours are the 'Winter Tour in Kyoto' and 'Summer Tour in Kyoto' and are included as tie-ups to various events throughout the year.
- 天正の地割(てんしょうのじわり)または天正地割とは、天正年間に豊臣秀吉によって行なわれた、京都における新たな通りの建設、およびそれにともなう町割の変更である。
- During the Tensho era Kyoto underwent city redevelopment ordered by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, which included the construction of new roads and subsequent changes to administrative divisions.
- 式内社(名神大社)「許波多神社」の比定社であるが、宇治市内には許波多神社という名前の神社が木幡と五ヶ庄の隣接する2つの地区にあり、それぞれ異なる社伝を伝える。
- They have been identified as the 'Kohata-jinja Shrines' (Myojin Taisha) listed in the Jinmyocho (Register of Deities) of the Engishiki (procedures of the Engi era) but within Uji City there are shrines named Kohata-jinja Shrine in the two adjacent areas of Kohata and Gokasho, and these both have different histories.
- また歴代天皇の行幸も円融天皇から後醍醐天皇までの17帝21回を記録するなど天皇家の崇敬も厚くそれに伴い、源氏、平氏、大江氏、菅原氏などの公家の氏神にもなった。
- Hirano-jinja Shrine, recorded to have been visited on 21 occasions by 17 successive emperors from Emperor Enyu to Emperor Godaigo, was highly revered by the Imperial Family and the enshrined deities also became patron gods of court nobles including the Minamoto clan, Taira clan, Oe clan and Sugawara clan.
- それをもっとも端的に示すのが『太平記』であって、仏教的な影響を受けつつも、南北朝の動乱を怨霊の仕業とする立場を見せ、社会を変動させる原動力であるとみなしている。
- This trend is not any more obvious than in the Taihei-ki (Japanese historical epic written in the late 14th century); although under the influence of Buddhism, it attributes the turmoil of the Northern and Southern Dynasties period to Onryo, which it believes, has the power to overturn society.
- 以後、同社唯一の軌道事業として残る京福電気鉄道嵐山本線・京福電気鉄道北野線は、嵐電(らんでん)と呼ばれ親しまれており、2007年3月からそれが公式愛称となった。
- Subsequently, the Arashiyama Main Line and Kitano Line have remained as a tramway business operated by the Keifuku Electric Railroad Co., Ltd., which are fondly called 'Randen,' an official nickname used since March 2007.
- 大和路線に使用される103系・201系はほかのJR西日本の路線のそれらと違い前面に帯状の白線が塗ってあるが、これは踏切事故防止の目的で塗られている警戒色である。
- Unlike other JR West Japan trains, a white line is painted on the front of the 103 series and 201 series used on the Yamatoji Line as a warning to prevent accidents at railroad crossings.
- しかし後述のように法興寺本尊の釈迦三尊像が完成したのはそれから少なくとも9年後のことであり寺は完成したが、9年間は本尊が存在しなかったということになってしまう。
- However, as stated below, the principal object of worship, a Shaka-sanzon, or Shakyamuni Buddha Triad, was not finished for a further nine years, meaning the temple did not have its principal images for nine years after it had been completed.
- 現在の渋谷街道に相当する京都府道116号渋谷山科停車場線は、東大路通(馬町交差点)から始まるが、渋谷街道の京都側の起点はそれよりも西の本町通 (京都)とされる。
- Kyoto Prefectural Road 116 Shibutani-Yamashina Teishajo Line which corresponds to Shibutani kaido, starts from Higashioji-dori Street (Umamachi Crossing), but the origin for Shibutani kaido in Kyoto is Honmachi-dori Street which is one street to the east.
- 月夜見尊が保食神の所へ行くと、保食神は、陸を向いて口から米飯を吐き出し、海を向いて口から魚を吐き出し、山を向いて口から獣を吐き出し、それらで月夜見尊をもてなした。
- When Tsukiyomi no mikoto went to Ukemochi no kami, Ukemochi no kami faced the land and discharged rice from her mouth, and then faced the sea and discharged fish from her mouth, and finally faced the mountain and discharged a beast from her mouth, and served Tsukiyomi no mikoto with them.
- 現在の、神社神道(じんじゃしんとう)の神体(しんたい)は本殿や拝殿などの、注連縄の張られた「社」(やしろ)であり、それを囲むものが鎮守の森であると理解されている。
- The Shintai (an object in which a kami is believed to reside) of present-day Shrine Shinto is the 'Yashiro,' including the Honden and Haiden (hall of worship), marked by a shimenawa (sacred rice-straw rope), and the Chinju no Mori is understood to be the forest surrounding it.
- その頼朝の政権構想には、先行モデルとして平家政権・木曾義仲・奥州藤原地方政権の3パターンがあり、それらの比較検討から次第に鎌倉政権のイメージが練られたと思われる。
- That same Yoritomo's plan for a new government used as models the three governments of the Taira family, KISO Yoshinaka, and the provincial government of the Oshu Fujiwara clan, and it is thought that the form of the Kamakura government was molded out of comparative consideration of these.
- 巡察使は、3月に出発して、11月に帰還し報告をするが、その間に、千人単位の地方官を評定する必要があったので、それだけの数をこなすのはとても難しいと述べられている。
- Junsatsushi were sent out on the circuit in March and returned to report the emperor in November, and during that period they were required to rate thousands of local governors, which Li Qiao had described to be quite hard.
- 当初はシャープ・スチュアート製テンダー機関車(後の国鉄5000形蒸気機関車)の続番である「13~16」と付番されたと思われるが、それを証明する資料は未発見である。
- It seems that they were numbered 'No.13-No.16,' consecutive numbers from tender locomotives manufactured by Sharp, Stewart Co., Ltd. (later called Kokutetsu Steam Locomotive Type 5000), but no recorded material has been found to confirm it.
- また、大阪側は本来高麗橋を起点とする予定が大阪市の圧力で天満橋に変更を余儀なくされ(市営モンロー主義の項目を参照)、それ以来中心部への乗り入れは京阪の悲願となる。
- On the other hand, in the Osaka area, at the outset the company had a plan to construct a station at Koraibashi as the starting point; however, it was obliged to change it to Tenmabashi under the pressure imposed by Osaka City (see the section on Municipal Monroe Doctrine), and since then the line's extension to the center of the city has been the company's long-cherished wish.
- 昭和21年(1946年)の神社の国家管理の廃止に伴い公的な社格の制度(近代社格制度)が廃止されたため、それに代わるものとして昭和23年(1948年)に定められた。
- Since the public shrine ranking system (Modern shrine ranking system) was eliminated due to the elimination of management of shrines by the state in 1946, this was specified to replace it in 1948.
- また、黄泉の地が熊野三山であるとする説から、根の国も熊野にあるとする考えもあるが、記紀、出雲風土記のそれぞれを比較すると出雲にあったとする考えがもっとも有力である。
- Ne no kuni was also believed to be located in Kumano due to the theory that the land of Yomi was actually Kumano Sanzan, but comparing the accounts given in the Kojiki and the Izumo fudoki (Regional Gazeteer of Izumo), the belief that Yomi is located in Izumo is more plausible.
- それ以降、東京~下諏訪町間の内陸ルートは、中山道ルート(高崎市経由)ではなく、甲州街道ルート(甲府市経由)が主流となっており、下諏訪以西が中山道ルートとなっている。
- Since then, the Koshu Highway has been the main line for the interior corridor between Tokyo and Shimosuwa-machi and not the Nakasen-do route (via Takasaki City), whereas, the latter has been the mainstream for the area to the west of Shimosuwa.
- これらは学制改革でそれぞれ東京工業大学・熊本大学・広島大学・室蘭工業大学・茨城大学・金沢大学・東北大学の一部となって、商業教員養成課程・工業教員養成課程が設置された。
- With educational system reform, these schools became a part of Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kumamoto University, Hiroshima University, Muroran Institute of Technology, Ibaraki University, Kanazawa University, and Tohoku University, respectively, and commercial teacher training and industrial teacher training programs were set up.
- 当時の外国語教育のなかで特に盛んだったのは英語であったため、東京外国語学校の英語科は第一高等学校 (旧制)として独立、それ以外の官立外国語学校も英語学校と改称された。
- Since English was particularly popular among foreign languages in those days, the English Department of the Tokyo School of Foreign Languages became independent as Daiichi High School (old education system), and other national schools of foreign languages were also renamed English Language School.
- それに対し、仏教系の山王神道山王一実神道で神号として用いられる権現(ごんげん)は、「神が権(かり)に現れる」、また「仏が権(かり)に神の姿で現れる」という意味である。
- On the contrary, the word '権現' (pronounced as 'gongen'), shingo used in Sanno Ichijitsu Shinto, a Buddhist school of Sanno Shinto, implies that gods appear as '権 (gon)', or tentative, self, or that Buddha appears as '権,' or a tentative, form of gods.
- 王朝国家体制への転換の中で、受領は一定額の租税の国庫納付を果たしさえすれば、朝廷の制限を受けることなく、それ以上の収入を私的に獲得・蓄積することができるようになった。
- With the switch to this new system, known as the Ocho Kokka system, as long as the zuryo delivered a set amount of tax to the treasury, they were free from control by the imperial court and were able to privately secure/accumulate any revenues that exceeded the set amount.
- 血縁外の者が一族に加わらずに継承する場合には必ず、名跡保持者に対して、多額の金銭の授受が必要となる(すなわち、名跡が一族外に流出することになり、それへの対価である)。
- If an unrelated person succeeds to a Myoseki traditional `name` line without joining the family, a substantial amount of money is inevitably transferred from the predecessor to the inheritor (on the understanding that the payment is to compensate for Myoseki `name` value that is lost by the family).
- そして、霊や精霊だけでなくその表現や捉え方は命・魂・御霊(みたま)や神・尊(みこと)でもあり、その区別や概念も曖昧であり、それを分類や定義付けることなく享受してきた。
- Not only the soul and the spirit but also their expressions and understandings were the life, the soul, the departed soul, the god, and the deity, where the distinction among them or concepts of them were vague, which have not categorized or defined in the past.
- 岡本三典によると天明は神示が降ろされてからも、しばらくの間はそれを全くと言っていいほど読む事も出来ず内容も解らなかった為、下級霊の仕業に依るものだと思っていたらしい。
- According to Minori OKAMOTO, Tenmei couldn't read or understand much of the Revelation for some time, so he considered what he had received as something from a lower-grade spirit.
- 並行在来線と接しない新幹線駅については、それに最も近い(もしくは対応する)並行在来線の駅に相当するものとして営業キロを定める(例新花巻駅は花巻駅の営業キロを用いる)。
- When a Shinkansen station is not connected to a station on the regular railway line operated in parallel, the nearest (corresponding) station on the regular railway line is used for calculating route distances (for example, Hanamaki Station is used for calculating the route distance for Shin-Hanamaki Station).
- それから数年後の長保3年(1001年)の日付をもつ「禅定寺領田畠流記帳」によると、禅定寺は地元の田原郷に一千町歩の杣山や田畑を有し、その他の地方にも寺領を有していた。
- According to 'Records of the rice fields and vegetable fields belonging to Zenjo-ji Temple' which was written several years later in 1001, Zenjo-ji Temple had 1000 hectares of somayama (timber forest) and fields in its home town of Tahara-go as well as jiryo (temple estate) in other regions.
- )また、川原寺から出土する創建時の瓦は「複弁蓮花文瓦」と呼ばれる、8枚の花びらのそれぞれを2つに分けた形式の複雑なデザインのもので、これが以後の瓦文様の主流となった。
- Furthermore, the tiles used at the time of construction which have been unearthed at Kawara-dera Temple have a very intricate design of eight flower petals split in two and are called 'double-petaled lotus flower design tiles', which later became mainstream in tile design.
- 春日野一帯の土地を所有する榎本の神が阿倍山の武甕槌命の元を訪ねて「私が住んでいる春日野と、あなたが住んでいる阿倍山を交換してほしい」と相談し、武甕槌命はそれに応じた。
- When the god of Enomoto, who owned the land of the whole Kasugano area, visited Takemikatsuchi-no-mikoto of Mt. Abe, and asked to exchange the area 'Please exchange my area Kasugano and your area Mt. Abe', he accepted it.
- それが1960年代以降国道162号や京都広河原美山線といったアクセスルートの整備が進み、1979年には京都広河原美山線のうち最後まで未開通であった佐々里峠の区間が開通、
- However, the routes to access the place, such as National Route 162 and the Kyoto Hirogawara Miyama route, were developed in and after 1960s, and in 1979, the section up to Sasari-toge Pass, which had been the last unopened section of the Kyoto Hirogawara Miyama route, was opened.
- 出雲国風土記によれば、幼い時、その泣き叫ぶ声が非常に大きかったので、静かになるまで船に乗せて八十島(日本)を巡ったり、高屋を作って梯子をかけそれを上り下りさせたりした。
- According to the Izumo fudoki (the topography of Izumo Province), in early childhood, his crying and screaming were so loud that he was forced to get into a boat to sail to the Yasoshima islands until he calmed down, or repeatedly climb up and down a ladder set up against a high tower.
- 神示にはその後の日本の敗戦を明らかに書記されている部分があり、希望を失っていた軍人の中でも、前もってそれを知っていた為に終戦時に自殺を思いとどまった者も多く居たという。
- Because Japan's future defeat was written clearly the revelation, it helped prevent many hopeless soldiers from committing suicide.
- 堂宇や仏塔、墓碑を建立する前にその土地を結界して、地天を本尊・中心として諸天の天神や、横死した霊魂なども含めて、それらを供養し鎮霊して、永久に障難が及ばないように修する。
- It is performed in the demarcated sacred space, in which a temple, a pagoda, or a tombstone will be built, to appease the souls, including those of the gods of various heavenly worlds and the spirits who died violent deaths, by holding a service for them centering around Jiten (the earth god) and using him as the principal image, to forever avert obstacles and hardship.
- 例をあげれば『聴耳草紙』によればあらすじの後半、天に飛んだ娘は両親の夢枕に立ち、臼の中の蚕虫を桑の葉で飼うことを教え、絹糸を産ませそれが養蚕の始まりになった由来譚がある。
- For example, according to 'Kikimimizoshi,' in the latter half of the synopsis, there is a tale of origin of the beginning of sericulture in which the girl who flew to heaven stood at the bedside of the parents and taught them to keep the silkworms in the mortar with mulberry leaves and have them lay silken threads.
- これは「天照大神」と言う呼称では皇祖神をそのまま文中に登場させてしまう事になるため、太陽神、それも自然神という性格付けで「大日孁貴」を用いなければならなかったためである。
- This is because he wanted to depict Amaterasu Omikami as the god of the sun or nature, not the Kososhin (imperial ancestor) associated with the name 'Amaterasu Omikami.'
- これと同じように、それ以前は「摂政関白の正室」という総称でしかなかった「北政所」も、秀吉の正室であった高台院にこれが贈られた後は、専ら彼女のことを指す語になったのである。
- Similarly, 'Kitano Mandokoro' which was the generic term for 'the legally wedded wife of Sessho or Kanpaku' came to be used only for indicating Kodain, the legally wedded wife of Hideyoshi, after the title was given to her.
- 饗応役(きょうおうやく)とは、江戸時代、天皇・太上天皇・皇后より派遣されて江戸に下向してきた使者(それぞれ勅使・院使・女院使)を接待するために江戸幕府が設けた役職である。
- The Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) established the post of 'Kyooyaku' during the Edo period to have someone provide entertainment for messengers of the emperor (who were known as 'chokushi'), messengers of the retired emperor (who were known as 'inshi'), or messengers of the empress (who were known as 'nyoinshi') that had been sent to Edo.
- また、それとは別に、用明天皇の皇子麻呂子親王が当地の兇賊を成敗するに際して勧請したものであるとの異伝もある(宝暦11年(1761年)の『丹後州宮津府志』所引『天橋記』)。
- There is another legend that Imperial Prince Maroko, the son of Emperor Yomei, enshrined the divided deity to drive off rebels from this place ('Tenkyo-ki' (the Records of Heavenly Bridge) in 'The Record of Miyatsu-fu in Tango' in 1761).
- それによると、吉野山龍門寺の久米仙人は仙術で空を飛べるようになったが、ある日空を飛んでいる時、川で洗濯をしている女のふくらはぎに見とれて法力を失い、地上に落ちてしまった。
- According to the tale, Kume-no-sennin of Ryumon-dera Temple on Mt. Yoshino-yama learned to fly in the air using his supernatural powers; one day while flying, his attention went to the calves of a woman doing laundry in a river, making him lose his powers and fall to the ground.
- 高位の貴族の着るものを「狩衣」(模様有り、袷仕立て、ただし、室町以降夏物には裏地なし)それ以外を布衣(ほい/「ほうい」と呼ぶと狩衣全体を指す/無紋、裏地なし)と呼び分けた。
- Therefore, clothes worn by higher-ranking nobles were called 'kariginu' (with patterns and lined garment; kariginu for summer was made without lined garment after the Muromachi period), and others were called 'hoi' ('houi' refers to kariginu as a whole; without patterns and lined garment).
- また、現実を肯定する本覚思想を持つ天台宗の教義を流用し、神道の理論化が試みられ、さらに空海に化託した数種類の理論書も再編され、渡会行忠・家行により、それらが体系づけられた。
- Additionally, an attempt was made to theorize Shinto by borrowing the doctrine of the Tendai sect, which had adopted the reality-affirming Hongaku philosophy, and to re-edit several kinds of theory books by falsely attributing them to Kukai; but later these works were organized by Yukitada and Ieyuki WATARAI.
- 彼が『古事記』を称揚したことから宣長以後は『古事記』に対する評価が一変し、それまでは正史である『日本書紀』と比して冷遇されていたのが、神典として祭り上げられるようになった。
- Norinaga's admiration for 'Kojiki' completely changed the way people saw it. It had been regarded as inferior to 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the official history of Japan, but it came to be regarded as a collection of Shinto scriptures.
- ただし後嗣がいない場合、遺族との相談によって先代の芸系を受継ぐ者がこれを相続する場合もあるが、現在ではこれはあくまでもそれにふさわしい後嗣がいない場合に限られるようである。
- However, if there is no direct family to inherit a name/title, an individual following in the footsteps of a predecessor's accomplishments may inherit the Myoseki (depending upon consultation with the family of the deceased artist) however, this manner of inheritance seems to be limited only to cases where there is no appropriate heir.
- それらを基に当時の内務省嘱託太田亮(おおた あきら)を監督に校正し、原本との対校は不可能であったが、「神社明細帳」を参考に大正当時における所在地と社格を付記して刊行された。
- These materials were then proofread by a team headed by Akira OTA, a temporary-staff of the Home Ministry at that time, and, while it was not possible to check against the originals, the book was finally published containing additional data of the locations and the shrine rankings known at the time of the Taisho period, in the light of 'Jinja Meisaicho.'
- 更に同年閏10月28日、神社規則制定の必要から府藩県に管内神社のより詳細な調査を命じ(『大小神社取調書』として結実)、それを基に同4年5月、官国幣社以下の社格が規定された。
- On the 28th day of the tenth month of 1871, each prefecture was asked, arising from the need for formulating the regulations on shrines, to conduct a detailed survey on the shrines located in its jurisdiction (which was compiled into 'Daisho Jinja Torishirabesho' (Survey on Large and Small Shrines), in accordance with which the ranking for national and other shrines was established in May 1872.
- 主に大都市ではタクシーが多過ぎることや、予約せずに飛び込む客や駅待ちの客がそれほど少なくないこと、乗務員のほとんどが携帯電話を持っていることなどにより、無線のない車もある。
- Especially in large cities, partly because there are quite a few customers who flag down a taxi on a street without reservation or take a taxi at a station and partly because most taxi drivers have their own cell phones, there are some taxis without a wireless system.
- ただし、実用限界の95km/h以上の最高速度を要求された103系は、電気ブレーキ時の衝動などのトラブルが相次ぐ事になるが、それらも逐次問題点が明らかにされて解決されていく。
- However, this series of type 103 car was consistently required to operate at higher speeds than the practical maximum speed of ninety-five km/h, which had caused a spate of troubles including shocks from the electric braking system, each problem of which was subsequently cleared and solved one by one.
- その後の阪急車の建造メーカーに選ばれたのはそれまで関西の大手私鉄と取引がなかった(ただし、公営である京都市営地下鉄・大阪市営地下鉄とは取引があった) 日立製作所 であった。
- Subsequently, Hitachi, Ltd. was selected as a builder of Hankyu's rolling stock, although Hitachi did not have business relationships with large private railway companies in the Kansai District (nonetheless, it was dealing with the public transportation companies Kyoto Municipal Subway and Osaka Municipal Subway).
- なお、神戸線との直通列車は、かつて神戸線・阪急今津線経由で京都~宝塚間を直通する「歌劇特急」や、それとは別に戦後から昭和30年代までは、神戸~京都間を直通する特急があった。
- At one time there were through-trains operating to and from the Kobe Line; one was 'Kageki-tokkyu' (limited express), which directly connected Kyoto and Takarazuka, passing through the Kobe Line and the Hankyu Imazu Line, and the other was a limited express train, which was directly operated between Kobe and Kyoto from the post-war period until the 1930s of the Showa period (for about a decade from 1955).
- 従来は高槻~須磨・西明石間の通し運行だけだったのが、西明石~松井山手間の東西線直通運用とそれに接続する尼崎~高槻間の区間運行及び須磨~高槻間の通し運行に2分割されたのである。
- A conventional through operation between Takatsuki and Suma/Nishi-Akashi was divided into two; one being a direct operation from Nishi-Akashi to Matsuiyamate on the Tozai Line with its connecting service for the section from Amagasaki to Takatsuki, and another being a through operation between Suma Station and Takatsuki Station.
- 1983年2月の新幹線定期乗車券販売開始をきっかけに、新幹線通勤定期券を支給する企業の増加、さらに企業が支給する通勤定期券代の所得税非課税限度額の引き上げがそれに輪をかけた。
- Starting with selling commuter passes for Shinkansen in February 1983, the number of companies offering commuter passes for Shinkansen increased, and in addition, the limit of nontaxable income for commuter passes given by companies was raised, accelerating this trend.
- また、信之は『幸村君伝記』において「幸村は国郡を支配する本当の侍であり、それに対して我らは見かけを必死に繕い、肩をいからしている道具持ちという程の差がある。」とも語っている。
- Additionally, Nobuyuki said in '幸村君伝記,' 'There is a huge difference between us: Yukimura is a real samurai (warrior) who governed Kokugun (provinces and counties), while we are tool holders who maintain a facade and try to look big.'
- それによると、金堂は鑑真の弟子でともに来日した如宝(? - 815年)の造営、食堂(じきどう)は藤原仲麻呂家の施入(寄進)、羂索堂(けんさくどう)は藤原清河家の施入であった。
- It says that Nyoho (date of birth unknown - 815), who visited Japan with a disciple of Jianzhen, had Kon-do Hall built, the FUJIWARA no Nakamaro family donated the Jikido dining hall to the temple, and the FUJIWARA no Kiyokawa family donated Kensaku-do.
- このため、自分の意志をはっきりと声に出して言うことを「言挙げ」と言い、それが自分の慢心によるものであった場合には悪い結果がもたらされる(「言霊」の項より引用)と解釈されている。
- Therefore, voicing one's intension clearly is referred to as a Kotoage ritual, and it is understood that Kotoage ritual coming from self-conceit leads to a negative outcome (quotation from Section of 'Kotodama' (soul or power of language)).
- それでもなお、いわゆる里山とは異なり、身近な森林でありながらも、人間の利用のために手を入れられる森林とは一線を画する扱いを受け、一定の存在感をもつ森であり続けて来たものである。
- Nevertheless, different from so-called Satoyama (undeveloped woodland near populated areas), Chinju no Mori retain a certain character, familiar to most people even while being treated differently from forests that are maintained for human use.
- 古代中国では明けの明星を啓明、宵の明星を長庚または太白(たいはく)と呼び、軍事を司る星神とされたが、それが日本の陰陽道に取り入れられ、太白神や金神(こんじん)・大将軍となった。
- In ancient China, the morning star was called Keimei and the evening star was called Choko or Taihaku, and were considered the star gods responsible for military affairs, adopted by Onmyodo in Japan and became Taihakujin, Konjin, and Daishogun.
- しかしそれ以前、平安時代より騎馬武者は必要があれば下馬戦闘も行ってきたし、下馬戦闘が主流になった後も機会があれば騎乗突撃を行っているなど、相手の戦法によって柔軟に運用している。
- However, back from the Heian period, mounted warriors performed land battle when necessary; after land battle became common, they fought from horseback whenever occasion arose, and responded flexibly to the enemy's strategy.
- この項では当研究林が発足するまで(第1期)、演習林発足から昭和戦前期まで(第2期)、昭和戦後(1970年代まで)期(第3期)、それ以降現在に至る歴史(第4期)に分けて紹介する。
- In this chapter, its history is divided into the following four periods and descriptions are made for each of them: the first period (until this research forest was inaugurated), the second period (from the inauguration of the field practice forest to the prewar in Showa era), the third period (from the postwar in Showa era up to 1970s) and the fourth period (up to now after then).
- 水盤には柄杓が置かれており、それを使用して一回で手水(ちょうず)を掬う、左手、右手とすすいだ後、手に水をためて口をすすぎ、残った水で柄杓を濯ぐのが一般的な使用方法になっている。
- Ladles are placed by the water basin, and it is the general practice that worshippers use this to scoop up water with which to wash the left and right hands before taking up water using the hands of which some is used to wash the mouth and the remainder to wash the ladle.
- それまでの「四書五経」をはじめとする儒教の古典や仏典の研究を中心とする学問傾向を批判し、日本独自の文化・思想、精神世界を日本の古典や古代史のなかに見出していこうとする学問である。
- Kokugaku criticized the heretofore strong academic focus on Confucian and Buddhist classics, especially the 'Four Books and Five Classics' of Confucianism, trying instead to unearth native Japanese cultural, philosophical, and spiritual traditions to be found in the Japanese classics and ancient histories.
- 『日本書紀』では、崇神天皇60年7月、天皇が「武日照命(武夷鳥命とも天夷鳥命ともいう)が天から持って来た神宝が出雲大社に納められているから、それを見たい」と言ったと記されている。
- In 'Nihonshoki', Emperor Sujin said that he would like to see dedicated sacred treasures, which Takehinateru no Mikoto (also called as Takehinadori no Mikoto or Amenohinadori no Mikoto) had brought from heaven, in Izumo-taisha Shrine in July 38 B.C.
- 昼間の特急の3ドア車と6300系の運用比率は、特急の停車駅が増えた関係で近年では3ドア車での運用が若干多くなっており、平日は3ドア車がそれぞれ数本連続して運用される時間帯もある。
- Concerning the proportion of the limited express trains with three doors and those of Series 6300 operated during the daytime, slightly more than half the trains are operated with three-door cars nowadays because of the increased limited express stops, and on weekdays several trains are consecutively operated with three-door cars during certain hours.
- その由縁は、鎌倉時代の建長4年(1252年)、親鸞が愛宕山中の月輪寺よりの帰途、鳴滝で説法をし、それに感銘を受けた里人が、他に何ももてなすものがないので、塩炊きの大根を馳走した。
- This tradition originated in 1252 during the Kamakura period when Shinran held a sermon in Narutaki on the way back from Gatsurin-ji Temple on Mt. Atago, and the deeply impressed locals presented him with a meal of boiled daikon radish with salt as it was all they had to offer.
- それら神々を祀る神社は、神を磐座や禁足地より降臨させ祭り事を執り行う臨時のものであったが、次第に禁足地に対して拝殿が、そして神そのものが常駐するという本殿が造営されるようになった。
- Shrines to enshrine such Kami were a temporary place where Kami descended from Iwakura (dwelling place of a god, usually in reference to a large rock) or Kinsokuchi (tabooed land,) and ritual ceremonies were performed, but gradually, Haiden (a hall of worship) was built as a substitute for Kinsokuchi and Honden (a main shrine) was built to let Kami reside there.
- 南北朝期を通して、こうした怨霊鎮魂は仏教的要素が強くなるが、それでも近世期の山家清兵衛(和霊神社)や佐倉宗吾(宗吾霊堂)などの祭神に見られるように、御霊信仰は衰退してはいなかった。
- Although the practice of reposing onryo came under the strong influence of Buddhism during the Northern and Southern Dynasty period, goryo shiko did not decline, even in the pre-modern era, where Seibei YAMBE was enshrined in the Warei jinja Shrine and Sogo SAKURA in the Sogo-Reido Shrine.
- その時に岩を挟んで二人が会話するのだが、イザナミが「お前の国の人間を1日1000人殺してやる」というと、「それならば私は、1日1500の産屋を建てよう」とイザナギは言い返している。
- In the conversation then exchanged between the two from each side of the blocking rock, Izanami said to Izanagi, 'I will kill 1000 people of your country every day,' to which Izanagi replied, 'Then I will create 1500 delivery rooms.'
- 女院(にょいん/にょういん)とは、三后(太皇太后・皇太后・皇后)や、それに準ずる身位(准后、内親王など)の女性に宣下された称号を指し、平安時代中期から明治維新まで続いた制度である。
- Nyoin indicates a title bestowed upon a woman, such as the three empresses (grand empress dowager, empress dowager, empress) or an equivalent status (jugo, honorary rank next to the three Empresses and princess, etc.) and is a system that continued from the middle of the Heian period until the Meiji Restoration.
- とくに109番歌題詞に「窃に」とあり、この言葉が密通を示す語であること(川口常孝など)から、郎女は草壁の妻妾であり、それと大津が関係をもった、三角関係の歌群であると考えられている。
- Notably, as the term 'secretly' in the caption for the 109th poem indicates adultery (Tsunetaka KAWAGUCHI etc.), it is believed that these were poems of a love triangular with Iratsume as a concubine of Kusakabe, and Otsu also becoming involved.
- 2001年3月13日にそれまでの行楽期の臨時急行列車「嵯峨野エクスプレス」に代わる行楽期の臨時特急列車として新設されることが発表され、3月24日 春の「臨時特急」として運行を開始。
- On March 13, 2001, its introduction was announced as a special limited express train for the tourist seasons, replacing the special express 'Sagano Express' that had been operated in the tourist seasons, and the service began on March 24 as the spring 'Special Limited Express.'
- 京都市内版は『山科醍醐観光一日乗車券』の後継として、大阪府版は『枚方市内一日乗車券』のそれを踏襲しているが、大阪版については利用範囲を大阪府下のほぼすべての路線に範囲を広げている。
- The Kyoto City edition 'Yamashina-Daigo Sightseeing One Day Pass' is now offered succession, but edition of Osaka is hesitated to use as 'Hirakata City One Day Pass,' edition of Osaka is widen the section of usage in almost all of lines in Osaka Prefecture.
- 他には長崎県有川町の海童神社にあり、1973年(昭和48年)に日東捕鯨株式会社によって奉納されたが、記録によれば現在の鳥居は三代目であり、それ以前は何で作られていたか判明していない。
- Other than this, it is in the Kaido-jinja Shrine of Arikawa-cho, Nagasaki Prefecture, and was dedicated by Nitto Hogei Co. in 1973, but according to records, the current torii is the third one, and it is unknown what the previous ones were made of.
- また、このような概念は古代のシャーマニズムとして世界中に土着し存在していたと考えられるが、それは世界的な様々な宗教の流布や民族の流れによってうやむやになってしまっているところも多い。
- Such notions are thought to have been ancient shamanism which indigenously existed all over the world, but they, in many ways, have become vague or ambiguous as a result of the spread of religions and people's relocations in the world.
- 近代から現在の神道においては、一般に八百万の神と称されるように、古神道も不可分であることから、様々な物体や事象にそれぞれ宿る神が、信仰されているためアニミズムと同一視される事もある。
- As generally referred to as eight million different deities, because deities residing in various objects and events have been worshiped in Shinto from modern times to the present indivisible from the Ancient Shinto, Shinto is sometimes regarded identical to the animism.
- 軍人でありながら留守神主の一人に任命されている事から法元自身がかなりの神道知識と素養を持っていたと考えられ、この「法元」という名前自体もそれに基づく「神号」か「雅号」だと推測される。
- As he was appointed as one of the temporary priests though he was a soldier, it is assumed that Hogen had considerable knowledge and background of Shinto and the name 'Hogen' would be also a Shinto name classified under 'Shingo' or 'Gago.'
- 開業前段階では、単に「市役所前」駅となる予定であったが、それが変更されて「京都市役所前」として開業した(京都市営バスの「河原町二条」停留所も同時にこの駅名と同じ停留所名に改称された。
- Before the station started its operation, it was planned to name the station 'Shiyakusho-mae,' but the name was in fact changed to 'Kyoto Shiyakusho-mae' (at the same time, the name of the 'Kawaramachi-Nijo' stop on the routes of Kyoto City Bus was changed to match the name of the station.
- 旧国鉄には、東海道新幹線・山陽新幹線・東北新幹線・上越新幹線を経営してきた実績があり、それがJR各社に分割民営化されたことで、運営ノウハウを知悉した人材はJR各社のみに引き継がれた。
- The former Japanese National Railways (JNR) operated the Tokaido Shinkansen, Sanyo Shinkansen, Tohoku Shinkansen, and Joetsu Shinkansen, and when JNR was divided and privatized into each of the JR companies, the persons versed in operation know-how moved to each of the JR companies.
- 『京城万寿禅寺記』などによると、白河天皇の皇女である郁芳門院(てい子内親王)が永長元年(1096年)に数え年21歳で亡くなり、それを悲しんだ天皇が皇女の菩提のために六条御堂を建てた。
- According to sources including 'Keijo Manjuzenji-ki,' the Rokujo Mido was built by the grieving Emperor Shirakawa in order to pray for the soul of his wife Yuhomonin (Imperial Princess Teiko) who died in 1096 aged 21.
- また、旧約聖書の創世記では、天地創造の四日目に、神が空の中に「二つの巨いなる光」、すなわち太陽と月を創り上げて、それぞれに昼と夜を司らせ、光と闇を分けたという日月の創造が語られている。
- Additionally, the Book of Genesis in the Old Testament of the Bible tells a story about the creation of the sun and moon, stating that God created the two great sources of light-the sun and the moon floating in the heavens--four days after the Creation, and then separated light and darkness by having the sun and the moon rule the day and night, respectively.
- 12世紀後半の平安時代末期には、院政に際して重用された北面の武士に由来する平家の興隆や、それを倒した源氏などによる武家社会が台頭し、1192年に武家政権である鎌倉幕府が正式に成立した。
- At the end of the Heian Period in the late 12th century, the Samurai class gained prominence with the rise of Heike (the Taira family) originated from Hokumen no bushi (warriors who served Emperor Daijo to provide protection) that was given an important position during the times of Insei (Cloistered politics) and Genji (the Minamoto clan) who defeated Heike, the military government, the Kamakura bakufu formally came into power in 1192.
- 2006年3月27日に「京阪奈新線」の仮称で建設されていた生駒駅から学研奈良登美ヶ丘駅までが開業し、それと同時にすでに東大阪線として開業していた長田~生駒間もけいはんな線に改称された。
- On March 27, 2006, the operation of the line constructed between Ikoma Station and Gakken-Nara-Tomigaoka Station, having been temporarily called the 'New Keihanna Line,' started, and at this time the line between Nagata Station and Ikoma Station, having been operated as the Higashi-Osaka Line, was renamed as the Keihanna Line as well.
- ほぼ全区間阪急電鉄の阪急京都本線(京都線)と並行し、近畿日本鉄道にも近鉄京都線があって、それぞれ大阪(梅田)駅、京都駅で接続しているため、混同を避けるために愛称に「JR」と付けている。
- The prefix 'JR' had to be added to 'Kyoto Line' in this unofficial name to prevent confusion as this line connects with the Hankyu Kyoto Line, operated by the Hankyu Corporation (nearly all of which runs in parallel with the JR Kyoto Line), at Osaka (Umeda) Station and the Kintetsu Kyoto Line, operated by the Kintetsu Corporation, at Kyoto Station.
- 終戦まで近代においては神社はいわば国家の施設であり、当然法令上の規則があって、神社と認められるには備えるべき設備や財産などの条件があり、それ以外は「神社」とは認められなかったのである。
- Until the end of the war, shrines were essentially national institutions with regulations that dictated conditions regarding facilities and assets that had to be met in order to be recognized as a shrine.
- 内部は中央の厨子(平素、扉を閉じている)に大随求菩薩(だいずいぐぼさつ)像を安置し、向かって右の厨子には豊臣秀吉の坐像、左の厨子には正室・北政所の片膝立の木像がそれぞれ安置されている。
- Inside, the central miniature shrine (doors ordinarily kept closed) houses a statue of the bodhisattva Maha Pratisara, the miniature shrine on the right houses a seated statue of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and the miniature shrine on the left houses a statue of his wife, Kita no Mandokoro, kneeling on one knee.
- それ以前においては、内宮に限らず全国の天照大神を祀る神社で瀬織津姫も一対となって祀られていた可能性があり、おそらく藤原氏系の人物が全国の神社から祭神瀬織津姫を抹消したのではないだろうか。
- Since, before these two events, there is the possibility of Seoritsu-hime being worshiped together in shrines where Amaterasu Omikami was worshiped, not only in the Inner Shrine of Ise-jingu-Shrine but across the country, it can be assumed that someone of the Fujiwara lineage perhaps deleted Seoritsu-hime as a deity to be enshrined from shrines nationwide.
- しかし、なかなか進捗しないために、翌明治3年2月29日、暫定処置として各府藩県の官幣神社の分を同年9月までに神祇官へ提出するよう改めて命じ、それらを纏めて『式社崇敬社調書』が編纂された。
- As this work did not progressed smoothly, however, another order was placed with each prefecture on February 29, 1871, that the details of the national shrines located in each prefecture should be reported to Jingikan (the Department of Divinities), based on which 'Shikisha Sukeisha Shirabesho' (Survey on the Shikinaisha and the Venerated Shrines) was compiled.
- 2005年度も例年通りブルーリボンシティ・ワンステップとエルガLVがそれぞれ1台と2台導入されたほか、2003年度に引き続きUAワンステップが西日本車体工業製のボディにて3台導入された。
- In fiscal year 2005, a Blue Ribbon City one-step and two ERGA LV vehicles were introduced as usual, and additionally three UA one-step models using bodies manufactured by Nishinippon Shatai Kogyo were introduced at one-year intervals since fiscal 2003.
- 120km/h運転そのものは、当時の欧米の主要幹線では標準的な水準であり、「あじあ」号の水準はそれに達したものでしかなかった(冷房装置を含む空調設備の完備のみは、世界の最先端であった)。
- The 120-km/h operation itself was typical of the level of major railways in Europe and the United States, and the 'Asia' train only reached this typical level (however, the complete provision of air-conditioning facilities, including air-cooling equipment alone was the most advanced in the world).
- 高倉下の夢の中で、天照大神とタカミムスビが、葦原中国が騒がしいのでタケミカヅチを遣わそうとしたところ、建御雷神は「自分がいかなくとも、国を平定した剣があるのでそれを降せばよい」と述べた。
- In a dream Takakuraji sees Amaterasu Omikami (the Sun Goddess) and Takamimusubi ask Takemikazuchi no kami for his assistance in subduing the Central Land of Reed Plains, but Takemikazuchi no kami replies that 'rather than go myself, as I have the sword that subdued the country, if I can send it to the Central Land of the Reed Plains, that will suffice.'
- 南原も一高出身であったが、旧制高校の3年間はあそんでばかりで、学習内容は旧制中学のものを手直しした程度のものだったとそれほど旧制高校の教育に執着をもっていなかったことをのちに証言している。
- NANBARA was also a graduate of Ichiko (The First Higher School), and he later attested that during the three years at the former higher schools he slacked off, and the materials taught at school were merely repackaging of materials taught at former middle school, and therefore he had no attachment to education in former higher schools.
- 1684年には、幕府の天文方が渋川春海によって、日本人の手による初の新暦である貞享暦を完成して、それまで823年間も使用され続けてきた宣明暦を改暦し、土御門家は暦の差配権を幕府に奪われた。
- In 1684, Harumi SHIBUKAWA, from the Tenmongata shogunate, completed Jokyo reki, the first solar calendar developed by Japanese to replace Senmyo reki (Senmyo calendar) which had been in use for 823 years and the shogunate took the calendar regulatory rights away from the Tsuchimikado family.
- しかしながら、他地域の山林の山検地が進むにつれて、知井九ヶ村の人々が利用している山は芦生奥山、針畑郷の人々が利用している山はおろし山として、それぞれ独立した扱いを受けるようになっていった。
- However, as survey of mountain forests in other areas progressed, the mountain that was used by people in the nine Chii villages and the mountain used by people in Harihata-go Community came to be handled independently as Ashiu Oku-yama Mountain and Oroshi-yama Mountain, respectively.
- 地域住民や氏子が賑やかに和やかに神と共にハレの日を楽しみ、供物として奉げたもの同じように食するといったことは、「神に寄り添う」ことであり、それらによって神は満たされ、和ぎるということである。
- For local residents and ujiko (shrine parishioner) to enjoy a festive day merrily while being friendly with gods and eat food offered to gods as an offering means 'staying close beside gods' and thereby satisfying and relaxing them.
- 特に平田篤胤出身の官員は強くそれを主張したが、当時権勢を振るっていた津和野藩出身の福羽美静は新時代の祭政一致のモデルは天皇宮中祭祀にあるとし、八神殿の復興に対しては消極的な姿勢をとっていた。
- In particular, officers influenced by Atsutane HIRATA strongly advocated the construction, but Bisei FUKUBA of the Tsuwano Clan was reluctant to restore the Hasshinden, saying that a model for the unity of religion and state in the modern era was to conduct religious rituals in the imperial palace.
- 北面の武士は、武者所や滝口とは異なり、それぞれがある程度の武士団を従える将軍、高級将校クラスであり、1118年の延暦寺大衆を鎮圧したときに彼らが率いた武士団は1000人にも及んだと言われる。
- Unlike mushadokoro (place where Samurai of guard of the Imperial Palace is staffed) or takiguchi, hokumen no bushi were each a class of shogun or high-level officers with certain number of samurai, and the samurai force they led when they suppressed the masses at Enryaku-ji Temple in 1118, is said to have numbered one thousand.
- 文化人類学のアニミズム論によれば、人類が生と死という現象を客観的に捉え、それを自我や意識わせた観念として「命」という認識を作り出し、生き物や自然の山河や岩や木々にも命や神や霊が宿ると考えた。
- According to the idea of animism in cultural anthropology, the mankind viewed the phenomena of life and death in an objective manner, created a recognition of 'life' as a concept of ego and consciousness out of such a view, and considered life, deity or spirit dwells in living creatures as well as in natural objects such as mountains, rivers, rocks and trees.
- これは、当駅~京都駅間では、琵琶湖線系統と湖西線系統が混在することから、便宜上直通先の名称を使うことで、同じ方向に向かう2つの系統を一まとめにしているためであるが、上記の記述もそれに従った。
- This is because, in the section between Yamashina Station and Kyoto Station, trains of either the Biwako Line or the Kosei Line are operated concurrently, while the lines bound for the same direction are collectively called the Biwako Line (the direct destination) for convenience; the above descriptions are also in accordance with this rule.
- 江戸時代になると、旅行が大衆化し、それまでは近隣の寺社にのみ参詣していたが、善光寺や四国八十八箇所のように、遠隔地の寺社へも参詣するようになり、様々な祈願が各地の寺社になされるようになった。
- During the Edo period, travel became more widespread and, although until then people only visited nearby temples and shrines, it became the practice for people to visit distant temples and shrines and say various prayers in different locations such as Zenko-ji Temple and the Shikoku Pilgrimage.
- 自然崇拝の一種で、狩猟民族などの山岳と関係の深い民族が山岳地とそれに付帯する自然環境に対して抱く畏敬の念、雄大さや厳しい自然環境に圧倒され恐れ敬う感情などから発展した宗教形態であると思われる。
- It is a kind of nature worship, and is believed to be a form of religion developing from the feeling of awe towards mountainous areas and its accompanying natural environment and the feeling of being overwhelmed, fear, and respect with the magnificence and harshness of the natural environment that hunters had in their deep relationship with mountains..
- しかし、多くの国人領主はそれぞれが独立した存在であり、利害に応じて守護に随従したり他の守護家に寝返ったり、複数の国人と共同して国人一揆を形成、守護の軍令を拒否する場合もなきしもあらずであった。
- However, while many regional lords managed to exist independently and their situations mirroring the fortunes of the governor, it was not unknown for betrayal of governor families to occur, insurrections fomented by joining with groups of provincial folk and for rejection of a shugo's military command.
- これを受けて、2007年10月、JR西日本は、比良・近江舞子駅間の沿線山側(西側)に防風柵を設置し、それによって従来秒速25mで運転規制を行うようにしていたのを30mまで引き上げると発表した。
- As a result, the JR West installed windbreak fences along the mountains (on the west side), the line between Hira Station and Omi-Maiko Station in October 2007, and thereby announced that JR West would regulate the operation with winds of 30 meters per second up from the former 25 meters per second.
- 鑑真(688年 - 763年)の生涯については、日本に同行した弟子の思託が記した『大和上伝』、それをもとにした淡海三船(おうみのみふね)の『唐大和上東征伝』、井上靖の『天平の甍』などに詳しい。
- The life of Jianzhen (688 - 763) is described in detail in 'Daiwajoden' written by Shitaku, a disciple who accompanied Jianzhen, 'Todaiwajo Toseiden (The Eastern Expedition of the Great T'ang Monk)' written by OMI no Mifune based on 'Daiwajoden,' and 'Tempyo no Iraka' by Yasushi INOUE, among others.
- 11代顕如の子教如が徳川家康によって本願寺の東に寺領を与えられ、1602年に本願寺が東西に分かれた際、教如が開いた寺を真宗本廟と呼んだため、それまでの本願寺は西本願寺と通称されるようになった。
- Land to the east of Hongan-ji Temple was donated by Kyonyo, son of the 11th head priest Kennyo and when Hongan-ji temple was divided into east and west in 1602, Kyonyo named the temple that he founded Shinshu Honbyo, resulting in Hongan-ji Temple becoming commonly known as Nishi Hongan-ji Temple.
- 岡山県岡山市~広島県福山市にかけて、国道2号がかつての山陽道を踏襲していないこともあって、かつての山陽道やそれに並行する道路は「旧山陽道」と呼ぶのが岡山県や広島県東部では、一般的となっている。
- The historical Sanyodo and the roads running in parallel with it are collectively called 'Old Sanyodo' in Okayama Prefecture and East Hiroshima Prefecture, because National Highway 2 does not follow it between Okayama City (Okayama Prefecture) and Fukuyama City (Hiroshima Prefecture).
- それによると、当寺は永承2年(1047年)、当麻(たいま、現・奈良県葛城市)の僧・義明上人を開基(創立者)、阿知山大夫重頼を檀那(後援者)とし、薬師如来を本尊として創建されたものであるという。
- According to this record, Joruri-ji Temple with Bhaisajyaguru as the principal image was founded by Gimyo Shonin, the first chief priest from Taima (now Katsuragi City, Nara Prefecture), and Achiyama Tayu Shigemori of the benefactor, in 1047.
- それ以前の最も原始的な日本人の宗教観は「触らぬ神に祟りなし」のことわざどおり、御室の深奥でひっそりと鎮座する神霊を、機嫌を損ねて廟域から出ないように、ただ畏れて封印するものだったのかもしれない。
- In the most primitive concept of religion in Japan was, as the proverb says, 'Sawaranu Kami ni Tatari nashi' (If you don't touch the god, the god won't haunt you), people probably only scared and sealed the mausoleums not to bother the divine spirits that were enshrined in the quiet solitude in the depth of the mausoleums.
- 治安の悪化を指摘する声もあるものの、日本では地下鉄の車内で乗客が居眠りをしても犯罪に逢うおそれが小さく、また深夜でも女性が安心して1人で鉄道を利用でき、これは世界的にみれば特筆すべきことである。
- Some people point out the deterioration of public security, but even if someone falls asleep on a subway in Japan, he/she is unlikely to stumble into crime, and even at night, a woman can take a train alone in peace, which is worthy of special mention from a world perspective.
- この丸太町通との交差点での上ノ下立売通の途切れは、山陰本線の二条駅〜花園駅 (京都府)間複線高架化に伴い、それまで交差点を直進して踏切となっていた道路部分が盛土のために廃止されたことで、生じた。
- The interruption at Kamino-Shimotachiuri-dori Street located at the intersection with Marutamachi-dori Street occurred together with the construction of an elevated railroad between Nijo Station and Hanazono Station of the Sanin Main Line, whereby a part of the road which used to run straight through the intersection was eliminated and replaced with a railway crossing.
- 新約聖書中のギリシャ語「ハデス」、旧約聖書中のヘブライ語「シェオル」(enSheol)を中国語訳の聖書では「黄泉」と訳しており、日本語訳聖書もそれをひきつぎ「黄泉」・「よみ」あるいは音訳している。
- When the Bible was translated into Chinese, the Greek word Hades in the New Testament and the Hebrew word 'Sheol' in the Old Testament were both translated Huangquan (yellow spring/Yomi), and the Japanese translation also rendered these words as either Yomi or--using the same characters--pronounced it Kosen, following the Sino-Japanese reading of the term.
- 藤原秀衡はその居所を柳之御所と称したが、鎮守大将軍となった北畠顕家、北畠顕信の子孫はそれぞれ北畠氏、浪岡氏となり、顕家の子孫は袰綿御所、浪岡御所、川原御所と称し、顕信の子孫は多芸御所などと称した。
- FUJIWARA no Hidehira called his residence `Yanagi no Gosho` (Willow Palace), and when the descendents of Akiie KITABATAKE formed the Kitabatake clan and Akinobu KITABATAKE descendents the Namioka clan, Akiie's descendents gave their residences the names `Horowata-gosho`, `Namioka-gosho` and `Kawara-gosho`, whereas the descendents of Akinobu named their residences `Tagi-gosho` etc.
- 上記以外の山陽新幹線(東海道新幹線を延長した形で建設された)・東北新幹線・上越新幹線・九州新幹線(鹿児島ルート)の各新幹線はそれぞれの沿線地域と同じ(山陽・九州は60Hz、東北・上越は50Hz)。
- In each of the Sanyo Shinkansen line (constructed by extending the Tokaido Shinkansen line), the Tohoku Shinkansen line, the Joetsu Shinkansen line and the Kyushu Shinkansen line (the Kagoshima route), the power supplies with the same frequency as that of the area through which each Shinkansen line is operated (60 Hz for the Sanyo and Kyushu Shinkansen lines, and 50 Hz for the Tohoku and Joetsu Shinkansen lines) are used.
- それ以後、神社内に寺院が建てられることもあったが、明治初期の明治政府による神仏判然令(神仏分離令)により、神社と寺院は分離され、神社境内にあった五重塔や仏堂などは撤去され、僧侶と神官も区別された。
- This practice continued until early in the Meiji Period when the Meiji Government's ordinance distinguishing Shinto and Buddhism resulted in the separation of Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples, the removal of five-story pagodas and Buddhist temples from within shrines and the differentiation between Buddhist and Shinto priests.
- それによれば、祭神は屋船久久遅命(やふねくくのちのみこと)、屋船豊宇気姫命(やふねとようけひめのみこと)、手置帆負命(たおきほおいのみこと)、彦狭知命(ひこさしりのみこと)および当地の産土神である。
- According to this outline, the enshrined deity in the ceremony are Yafunekukunochi no mikoto, Yafune toyoukehime no mikoto, Taokihooi no mikoto, and Hikosashiri no mikoto, and the Ubusunagami (guardian deity of one's birthplace) of the region.
- オオヤマツミはそれを怒り、イワナガヒメを差し上げたのは天孫が岩のように永遠のものとなるように、コノハナノサクヤビメを差し上げたのは天孫が花のように繁栄するようにと誓約を立てたからであることを教えた。
- This angered Oyamatsumi who said that he had pledged and given Iwanaga-hime to make Tenson's life eternal like a rock and given Konohanano sakuya bime to make Tenson thrive like a flower.
- かつて疱瘡にかかった者やその家族の多くは、少しでも疱瘡の苦しみを軽くしてもらおうと、これらの石塔に祈りをささげていたが、種痘の普及により天然痘が激減すると、それにともないこうした風習も廃れていった。
- Many who suffered or had a family member suffer from smallpox in the past prayed to these stone pagodas to ease the suffering from smallpox as much as possible, but when smallpox decreased radically with the spread of vaccination, such customs became obsolete as well.
- 摂政(せっしょう)とは、君主制を取る国家において、君主が幼少、病弱、国都不在などの理由で政務や国事行為を行うことができないとき、君主に代わってそれを行う(政を摂る)こと、またはその役職のことである。
- A regent (Sessho), in a state with a monarchy, is the practice of carrying out government and national affairs in place of the monarch, or the post that does so, when the monarch is unable to do so because he is an infant, ill or not in the country.
- 概ね、平日昼間時間帯は叡山電鉄鞍馬線直通の出町柳~二軒茶屋間の列車、出町柳~鞍馬間の列車、そして出町柳~八瀬比叡山口間の列車の順にそれぞれで20分間隔で運転され、鞍馬線直通電車の方が多くなっている。
- In general, during weekdays, direct trains are run on the Eizan Electric Railway's Kurama Line at 20-minute intervals between Demachiyanagi Station and Nikenchaya Station and between Demachiyanagi Station and Kurama Station, with regular trains running at the same intervals between Demachiyanagi Station and Yase-Hieizanguchi Station; the number of direct trains traveling on the Kurama Line is larger than that of Eizan Main Line.
- なお特別急行列車および特急に接続する普通列車(特急リレー号)は、舞鶴市に国や府の出張官庁、また企業の支店・営業所などが集中している事からビジネス利用が多いが、それ以外の普通列車は通学等の利用が多い。
- In addition, because central and prefectural government agencies, as well as companies' branches and offices, are located in Maizuru City, the limited expresses, as well as the local 'Relay Trains' that connect with them, are mainly used by business commuters, while the other local trains are mainly used for commuting to school.
- 山陰と瀬戸内側を結ぶ線には福知山線、伯備線等の電化された路線や智頭急行智頭線のような高速新線があるが、山陰の横同士の連絡は最近まであまり考慮されず、電化もそれらの延長的存在でつぎはぎ状態で行われた。
- Although electrified lines such as the Fukuchiyama Line and Hakubi Line or new, high-speed lines like the Chizu Express Chizu Line connect the Sanin region with coastal regions of the Inland Sea, the idea of connecting cities laterally within the Sanin region has rarely been considered until recently; likewise, the electrification of the line has been done in a patchy manner.
- その他にはチベットのシェルパ族はエベレストを、中国雲南省のナシ族(納西族)は玉龍雪山を、オーストラリアのアボリジニ(アボリジニ)はウルル(エアーズロック)をそれぞれ神が宿る、神の山として信仰している。
- Other examples include Mt. Everest, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, and Uluru (Ayers Rock) are worshiped by Sherpas in Tibet, the Nakhi in Yunnan Province, China, and Australian Aborigines as their holy mountain, respectively.
- それ故強大な呪力を持つとの信仰が少なくとも密教側の史資料には散見され、「都表如意輪法」等のように、陰陽道の式盤によく似たものを作成し、一種の呪具と見做し祈祷することで種々の利益を得るとする信仰があった。
- At any rate, a faith in an enormous power of incantation that shikiban was believed to possess is occasionally mentioned in historical documentations relating to the esoteric Buddhism and there was a faith such as 'Tohyonyoirinho' in which it was believed that one would receive various benefits by making a tool resembling shikiban used in Onmyodo as a tool of incantation and saying prayers using that tool.
- また、洋の東西を問わず、予言者と称される人間が過去に幾人か現れて世界の終末とその後に「理想世界」の到来する事を説いているが、それらも「国常立尊」と呼ばれるこの神霊の仕組みであったと神霊自身は語っている。
- Also the spirit says that 'Kuninotoko Tachinokami' arranged that those people called prophets in all countries appeared and explained about the end of the world and coming 'perfect world' subsequently.
- このように複数の意味を持たせていることから、実質的には、朝上りの枚方市停車パターンの便(通勤特急に相当)とそれ以外の便(快速特急に相当)を一括りにして、ひとつの種別として運用されているものと考えられる。
- Having these various meanings, K-Limited Express seems to lump the inbound-train service in the morning that makes a stop at Hirakatashi Station, which constitutes a commuter limited express, together with the other train service that constitutes a rapid limited express, thus constituting one type of train in operation.
- 後部座席に旅客を乗せて営業するためそれ相応の安全性・乗降のスムーズさが求められることから、車両が国土交通省の道路運送車両の保安基準(以下、保安基準と略)に適合していなければ運用できないことになっている。
- Because passengers usually take the backseats of a taxi, appropriate safety and smoothness for entering and exiting are required, and thus vehicles for taxis must adapt to the safety standards for road trucking vehicles (hereinafter referred to as 'the safety standards') set by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
- 「生馬仙房」と「草野仙房」が同じものであるか、またそれが現在の竹林寺に相当するのかについては確証はないが、当地に行基の墓があることから考えて、「生馬仙房」の後身が竹林寺であると考えて大過ないと思われる。
- There is no proof that 'Ikuma Sembo' and 'Kayano Sembo' are one and the same, or if either are the current Chikurin-ji Temple, but considering the fact that Gyogi's tomb is located here, it is thought that it is likely that Chikurin-ji Temple is a reincarnation of 'Ikuma Sembo'.
- とはいうもののおおむね屋敷神はそれぞれの家に関わりのある祖先神を起源にしていると考えられるのであって、特定の神社の祭神を祀るわけではなかったが、現在では有名神社の祭神を祀っているとしているところも多い。
- Despite this, it is generally thought that yashiki-gami originate from the ancestor gods of a particular house and were not enshrined at specific Shinto shrines, but those shrines that once did so include many that now enshrine the deities of famous Shinto shrines.
- また、屋根上の水煙(すいえん)という装飾のデザインを見ると、西塔のそれはオーソドックスなものだが、東塔の水煙は魚の骨のような形をした、変わったデザインのものである(ただし、創建当初のものではないらしい)。
- In addition, while Suien, a design of pattern, on the roof of the west pagoda is orthodox, the one on the east pagoda is unique with a shape like a fish bone (however, it does not seem to have been made at the time of the foundation).
- 先述の『建久御巡礼記』によれば、当麻曼荼羅はヨコハギ(横佩)大納言という人物の娘の願により化人(けにん、観音菩薩の化身か)が一夜で織り上げたものであり、それは天平宝字7年(763年)のことであったという。
- According to the above 'Kenkyugojunreiki,' Taima Mandala was woven by kenin (it might be an avatar of Kannon Bosatsu [Kannon Buddhisattva]) because of a wish of a daughter of Yokohagi Dainagon (Major Counselor) one night in 763.
- 蜂岡寺の創建当初の所在地については、確証はないものの、7世紀前半の遺物を出土する京都市北区北野の北野廃寺跡がそれであり、平安京遷都と同時期に現在地の太秦へ移転(ないし2寺が合併)したとする説が有力である。
- The location of Hoko-ji Temple's founding is not known for sure but archaeological excavation of the first 7th century artifacts in the remains of Kitano Temple in Kitano, Kita Ward, Kyoto City have given rise to a likely theory that it was moved to its current location (or merged with another temple) in Uzumasa at the same time as the relocation of the capital to Heiankyo.
- 人に対する位階は、それによって就ける官職が異なったり、位田が支給されたりなどの特典を伴うものであったが、神に対する位階は、単に栄誉として与えられたもののようであり、神階よりも神社の社格の方が重視されていた。
- Ikai for humans brought privileges such as rights to different offices and provisioning of iden (fields given based upon ikai), but ikai for gods was granted merely as an honor, and more value was placed on shrine ranking than on shinkai.
- 鎌倉時代まではそれでも流鏑馬に代表される様に騎射が主流であったが、鎌倉時代後期から室町時代になると悪党・野伏などの出現によりこの傾向は更に加速され、騎馬武者の戦闘は斬撃武器である長巻や薙刀を用いる様になる。
- Even until the Kamakura period, shooting arrows on horseback as typified in Yabusame (horseback archery) was the main style; from the late Kamakura period to the Muromachi period, this trend was accelerated due to the emergence of villains and armed peasants, and the battle style of mounted warriors shifted to the use of cutting weapons such as a long sword or a Japanese halberd.
- これにより、それまで全面的に京阪に委託されていたJRの駅務が分離され(乗換改札口が橋上駅舎内に設置された)、京阪の上りホームと仕切なしでつながっていた奈良線ホーム(現在の2番のりば)との間に壁が設置された。
- Given such a change, the JR station affairs, which had been totally commissioned to Keihan until then (transfer wickets installed within the over-track facilities) and Keihan inbound platform, which was connected to Nara Line platform (currently Platform 2) without a partition, were partitioned off.
- 京阪神緩行線の歴史は、1934年7月20日の吹田~須磨間の電化開業と同時に、それまで運転されていた国鉄C10形蒸気機関車、国鉄C11形蒸気機関車などが牽引する京阪神間の区間運転列車を置きかえる形で始まった。
- The history of Keihanshin Local Line dates back to the time when the Suita-Suma section was electrified on July 20, 1934 and the existing local trains pulled by C10 type JNR steam locomotives and C11 type JNR steam locomotives were replaced by electric trains.
- しかし信繁自身については、それまで真田氏の次男坊として父・昌幸や兄・信之の名声に隠れていたために評価は低く、徳川家康も昌幸ではなく、その息子で無名の信繁が大坂に入ったと知り安堵の表情を浮かべたとされている。
- However, Nobushige himself had been underestimated until then because he had been overshadowed by his father Masayuki and older brother Nobuyuki as a second son of the Sanada clan, so it is said that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was relieved knowing that it was the uncelebrated Nobushige, not Masayuki, who had entered Osaka-jo Castle.
- また、それとは別に、用明天皇の第3皇子である麻呂子親王が当地の鬼を退治するに際して、内宮(現皇大神社 (福知山市))とともに勧請したものであるとの異伝もある(宝暦11年(1761年)の『丹後州宮津府志』)。
- It is also believed that Imperial Prince Maroko, the third son of Emperor Yomei, transferred the divided deity to this region together with Naiku (inner shrine) (present-day Kotai-jinja (in Fukuchiyama City)) to drive off devils ('The Record of Miyatsu-fu in Tango' in 1761).
- 統治領域は文献によって異なり、三貴神のうち天照大神は高天原であるが、月夜見尊は滄海原(あおのうなばら)または夜を、スサノオには夜の食国(よるのおすくに)または海原を治めるように言われたとあり、それぞれ異なる。
- His governing region varied throughout the literature, but among the Sankishi (three deities) Amaterasu Omikami was told to govern Takamanohara, Tsukiyomi no mikoto to govern the blue-green sea plain or the night, and Susano to govern the land of night or the ocean.
- そのため、現行のそれの前に1960年より1986年まで大阪駅~城崎駅(現:城崎温泉駅)間を福知山線・山陰本線・舞鶴線・北近畿タンゴ鉄道宮津線経由で運行する準急列車・急行列車「丹波」(たんば)が運行されていた。
- Accordingly, before the new Tanba train started operations a semi-express train and express train, each called Tanba, were operated during the period of 1960 to 1986 between Osaka Station and Kinosaki Station (presently Kinosakionsen Station) via the Fukuchiyama Line, Sanin Main Line, Maizuru Line and Miyazu Line of the Kitakinki Tango Railway Corporation.
- 定年以降に神社に勤務する場合は、神社指定の制服や松葉色・紺色などの袴を履くなどして服装で区分され、また職掌の上でも神事に奉仕する女性職員を巫女、それ以外の事務作業などを行うのが一般女性職員と区分される事が多い。
- Because shrines require people who continue to work after retirement to wear a dark-green or blue hakama (skirt-like trousers) or of a color specified by the shrine, many of them distinguish female employees depending on their jobs; they treat the women who offer religious services as miko and those who do desk work as general workers.
- 守護はこのように強化された権限を背景に、それまで国司が管轄していた国衙の組織を吸収すると同時に、強まった経済力を背景に、国内の地頭、在地領主(当時、国人と呼ばれた)、さらに有力名主らを被官(家臣)にしていった。
- With this kind of increased power behind them the Shugo absorbed the kokuga (provincial government offices) organization that was until then controlled by the Kokushi, and at the same time, with their increased economic power, made the provincial Jito, local lords (called Kokujin at the time) and other people of influence Hikan (vassals).
- 律令制の完全崩壊と豊臣秀吉の弾圧にともない、陰陽寮ないし官人としての陰陽師はその存在感を喪失したものの、逆にそれまで建前上国家機密とされていた陰陽道は一気に広く民間に流出し、全国で数多くの民間陰陽師が活躍した。
- Onmyoryo and onmyoji lost their presence as bureaucrats due to the complete breakdown of the ritsuryo system and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's oppression but, on the other hand, Onmyodo, that was supposed to have been a state secret, burst into the private sector and a large number of civilian onmyoji flourished across the country.
- また、大名の格式として領地が1国以上またはそれに準ずる石高であるものを国主、城をもつものを城主大名(城主格)、城をもたないものを陣屋といって区別し、大名が江戸城に参勤した際に詰める部屋も格式に応じて分けられた。
- The status of a Daimyo was defined as Kokushu if their territory was one province or more, or an equivalent number of koku, as Joshu Daimyo (joshu class) if they had a castle, those without a castle were distinguished as Jinya, and the rooms that they occupied at Edo castle during their service there were differentiated based on the Daimyo's status.
- 更に営業列車のみならず、車両基地への入出庫列車によって踏切の遮断機が頻繁に降りる為、周辺住民からは高架化の要望も出ているが、それには巨額の費用がかかり、京都市の財政事情も芳しくない為、実現の目処は立っていない。
- Moreover, because the crossing gate comes down every time, not only commercial trains but also trains entering and leaving the rail yard pass the crossing, neighborhood residents have been requesting the elevation of the station; however, given the huge cost and the poor financial status of Kyoto City it is uncertain whether the elevation will be realized.
- 足利将軍家の一門では、征夷大将軍の同族ということを由来するものの、鎮守府将軍源義家の子孫である、吉良氏の一門はそれぞれ丸山御所、世田谷御所、蒔田御所、勝見御所、斯波氏の一門は斯波御所、雫石御所、猪去御所を称した。
- The family of Ashikaga Shoguns used the pretext that they had a kinship with Seii taishogun (Unifying commander-in-chiefs)), Kira clan families held they were descendents of Chinju-fu (northern bases) Shogun MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and thus named their residences: Maruyama-gosho, Setagaya-gosho, Makita-gosho, and Katsumi-gosho whereas the families of the Shiba clan, gave their residences the titles: Shiba-gosho, Shizukuishi-gosho, Isari-gosho.
- 里山やそれらに伴う文化の一部として貴重であり、実際にこのような場所から新薬の開発のきっかけとしてのその土地固有の土壌細菌が発見されていて、また世界中の自然環境学の研究者などが、研究のため訪れる場所ともなっている。
- Kannabi is valuable as Satoyama (farming landscape near the hills and mountains in Japan) or part of satoyama bunka (traditional village culture); in fact, soil bacteria that are unique to such places have been found and used for development of new drugs, and environmental researchers from all over the world visit these places for their studies.
- 要望に対しては「バスを増設することによって対処する」との非現実的な返答(渋滞解消のための地下鉄建設であり、重複路線にバスを増設するはずがない)があったがそれもその場しのぎの逃げ口上であり、結局は空手形に終わった。
- In response to the request, the authorities gave an unrealistic answer, stating, 'We will deal with this issue by increasing the bus services' (the major purpose of the subway construction was to reduce traffic jams, so increasing the bus services represented a paradox), which was a temporizing reply and thus a fictitious story.
- 需要の見込めない湖西~北陸のローカル列車には高価な一般用交直流電車は投入されず、近江今津~敦賀間の普通列車は電化区間でありながら1991年9月まで気動車で細々と運転されていた(それ以降は交直流電車で運転された)。
- An expensive general AC/DC electric car wasn't introduced as a local train running between the Kosei and Hokuriku areas in which large demand couldn't be expected, and thus a diesel train was operated as a local train between the electrified section: between Omi-Imazu Station and Tsuruga Station before September 1991 (after that, an AC/DC electric car was operated).
- しかし、京都の市街地の多くの地下には埋蔵文化財が存在し、その場所に開削工法による地下鉄工事を行う際には、文化財保護法によって事前の発掘調査が義務づけられており、それにかかわる経費と期間を予定しておかねばならない。
- However, a reasonable cost and time period for conducting research on the land prior to constructing a subway line, as required by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, must be scheduled when a subway is constructed in an open-cut method, since buried cultural properties exist under the ground in many areas of urban Kyoto.
- それによると、当時の高山寺には、大門、金堂、三重塔、阿弥陀堂、羅漢堂、鐘楼、経蔵、鎮守社などがあったことが知られるが、このうち、当時「経蔵」と呼ばれた建物が「石水院」として現存するほかは、ことごとく失われている。
- From the diagram, we know that Kozan-ji Temple originally consisted of a large outer gate, a main hall, a three-storied pagoda, an Amitabha hall, an Arhat hall, a bell tower, a scripture hall, and a Shinto shrine dedicated to the tutelary deity of the area, but all of these buildings have since been destroyed with he exception of the 'scripture hall,' which is now known as 'Sekisui-in.'
- その判断とは「軍関係者の望んでいる答えと御神霊の答えが違っている場合はどうするのか?それを聞かなければお伺いは立てられない」と天明が言った事に対して、軍関係者達に神霊の言葉に従うという内容の約束をさせた事であった。
- He said 'what are you going to do if the answer of spirit is different from the will of the military? I can't ask it to him before you answer it.' and they agreed to follow the answer of the spirit.
- JR東海管内のうち名古屋 - 四日市間、JR西日本管内のうち加茂 - JR難波間は、それぞれ乗車カードであるTOICA、ICOCAの利用可能エリアとなっている(相互利用可能なカードについては各カードの記事を参照)。
- TOICA, JR Central's ticket card, and ICOCA, JR West's ticket card, are usable in the Nagoya - Yokkaichi section and the Kamo -JR Namba section respectively (concerning the mutual use of each company's card, refer to the articles of respective cards).
- その後布教の進展とともに、豊後、平戸、有馬、長崎、京都、堺、安土、大坂、江戸等の各地に教会が建設され、それらは当時の日本人によって「南蛮寺」「南蛮堂」、また(デウスから)「だいうす寺」「だいうす堂」などと呼ばれた。
- With the later expansion of missionary work, churches were opened in locations throughout the country including Bungo, Hirado, Arima, Nagasaki, Kyoto, Sakai, Azuchi, Osaka and Edo, and these were referred to by the Japanese people of the time as Nanban-ji or Nanban-do (both meaning Foreign Temple), and Daiusu-ji Temple or Daiusu-do Temple (from the word Deus).
- 山の神信仰は、古くより、狩猟や焼畑耕作、炭焼、杣(木材の伐採)や木挽(製材)、木地師(木器製作)、鉱山関係者など、おもに山で暮らす人々によって、それぞれの生業に応じた独特の信仰や宗教的な行為が形成され伝承されてきた。
- The worship of Yamanokami has been formed and handed down by people living mainly in mountains such as those engaged in hunting, swidden agriculture, charcoal burners, woodcutters, sawyers, kijishi (wood master) (wood vessel production) and miners having their unique faith and religious behaviors according to their occupations.
- 形代(かたしろ、かたじろ)、撫物(なでもの)とも言い、紙や木材・草葉・藁などで人の形に作られ、それにより患部等を撫でることによって自分の穢れをこれに移しつけて祓うのに使われるもので、流し雛の風習はこれを元としている。
- Also known as katashiro (or katajiro) or nademono, they were made into human form with materials such as paper, wood, grass, leaves or straw and were used to transfer one's impurity to hitokata by rubbing them against the affected area, whereby getting rid of their impurity which was the origin of the custom of nagashi bina (floating hina dolls).
- また太平洋戦争末期(1945年7月)に五条通り南側の強制疎開が行われ、その後も更地のままで有ったが昭和30年頃に五条通りを拡幅する事となり、駅をそれまでの五条通りの南側から北側に移設して、現在の五条大橋が建設された。
- Moreover, the forced demolition south of Gojo-dori Street, which took place toward the end of WWII (July 1945), created lots of empty space, but as a plan to widen Gojo-dori Street came up in or around 1955 the station was relocated from south of Gojo-dori Street to the north of it and the present Gojo Ohashi Bridge was constructed.
- それは豊臣方右翼として真田軍、左翼として毛利勝永軍を四天王寺・茶臼山古墳 (大阪市)付近に陣形し射撃戦と突撃を繰り返し家康の陣形に対し本陣を孤立させ、明石全登の軽騎兵団を迂回させ家康本陣を横撃させるというものだった。
- It was to deploy Sanada's army as the right wing and Katsunaga MORI's army as the left wing of Toyotomi's side around Chausuyama Tumulus at Shitenno-ji Temple (Osaka City), repeat the firefight and offensive in order to isolate the headquarters of Tokugawa's army, and send light cavalry troops of Takenori AKASHI get around to attack the headquarters of Ieyasu from the side.
- 1番線と7番線の間の線路は戦後も長く残っていた(1961年に京阪線・京津線の直通営業運転終了、1965年過ぎまで京津線の新車の回送に使用)が、1970年頃に撤去され、それぞれの端にコンクリート製の車止めが設置された。
- The track between Platform 1 and Platform 7 continued working for a long time after World War Ⅱ(the Keihan Main Line and Keishin Line through train services continued until 1961, and after that, the track was used for deadheading Keishin Line's new rolling stock until after 1965), but about 1970, the track was removed and concrete buffer stops were set up at both ends.
- 本像についてしばしば「国宝第1号」ということが喧伝されるが、それは文部大臣から交付された国宝指定書の番号が「彫刻第1号」になっているに過ぎず、本像と同じく1951年6月9日付けで国宝に指定された物件は他にも多数ある。
- The statue is frequently referred to as 'The number one National Treasure' but it is simply the case that the National Treasure designation number assigned by the Minister of Education was 'Sculpture 1' and there were many other items that were also designated National Treasures on June 9, 1951.
- 笠置山には弥勒磨崖仏の他に薬師石、文殊石、虚空蔵石、両界曼荼羅石などがあり、かつてはそれぞれに線刻の仏像や曼荼羅図が刻まれていたが、兵火でほとんどが失われ、わずかに虚空蔵菩薩像の刻まれた石のみが当初の姿をとどめている。
- In addition to the engraved Miroku image, Kasagi-dera Temple possessed numerous line-engraved Buddhist images which included the Yakushi (Yakushi Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) rock, Monju (Monju Bosatsu) rock, Kokuzo (Kokuzo Bosatsu) rock and a Mandala of the Two Realms rock but the majority of these were lost to the fire so that now only the rock with Kokuzo Bosatsu image survives in its original condition.
- ここで、永手は、「そもそも東大寺の建立が始まったのは、そなたの父(橘諸兄)の時代である。その口でとやかく言われる筋合いは無いし、それ以前にそなたとは何の因果もないはずだ」と反論したため、奈良麻呂は返答に詰まったと言う。
- Nagate replied 'The construction of Todai-ji Temple started when your father (TACHIBANA no Moroe) was around so it is none of your business. You have no reason to grumble, it is nothing to do with you,' and Naramaro was stuck for an answer.
- 室町幕府の官途奉行も当初は一定程度、戦国大名の叙位任官や昇叙の推薦に寄与していたが、それでも幕府を介することなく叙位任官する例が増え、戦国大名が独自に朝廷に寄進や官途の推薦を請うようになると官途奉行の意義は衰えていった。
- The kanto bugyo in the Muromachi bakufu had at first contributed to the appointment of the ranks and recommended the promotion of daimyo in the Sengoku Period to a certain extent, eventually there had been increasing cases in which samurai appointed himself a rank without permission of the bakufu, and when the daimyo had donated to the Imperial Court individually to get the recommendation for the official posts, the significance of the kanto bugyo declined.
- 時代が下って、戦国時代 (日本)の終わりに豊臣秀吉が関白となり、彼がその職を甥に譲って太閤となると、それまでは単に「その職を子弟に譲った前関白」を指す語でしかなかった「太閤」が専ら秀吉のことのみを指す語になってしまった。
- Towards the end of the Sengoku period (period of warring states) that was long after the period described above, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI became Kanpaku, then became Taiko after he handed over the Kanpaku postion to his nephew, and the term of Taiko, 'which had indicated ex-Kankaku who handed over the position to his son or brother,' came to indicate Hideyoshi alone.
- また、教部省廃止以降もその思想的展開として、東京大学で宗教学を講じた加藤玄智は『我が国体の本義』(1912年)で「現人神とも申し上げてをるのでありまして、神より一段低い神の子ではなくして、神それ自身である」と述べている。
- Even after the abolition of the Ministry of Religion, this ideological development continued, with Genchi KATO, who lectured in philosophy of religion at Tokyo University, said that the Emperor 'was an arahitogami and therefore a god himself, not a child of a god, which was a being one level lower than the god' in 'Waga Kokutai no Hongi' (Meaning of Our National Polity) in 1912.
- 教派神道の「『神道各派』から区別された神ながらの道はとくに国家神道とも呼ばれるが、法律家や行政実務家は以前からそれを神社と呼ぶのが例」であり、第二次世界大戦前は単に「神社」といえば、国家に管理された国家神道のものをさした。
- As for Sect Shinto, 'the way with the Kami (God) which was separated from 'all sects of Shinto' is particularly called State Shinto, and persons of law and government practitioners have usually called it shrine for a long time,' and before World War II, simply speaking 'shrine' meant State Shinto which was managed by the state.
- また、京都市電・大阪市電との平面交差が4か所(京都の四条・七条・伏見稲荷と大阪の片町)に残っていたが、大阪市電とは1968年12月18日、京都市電とは1978年9月30日にそれぞれ市電路線が廃止されたことによって解消した。
- Four ground-level crossings with Kyoto City Trams or with Osaka City Trams remained (crossings at Shijo, Shichijo Fushimi-inari in Kyoto and Katamachi in Osaka), but the ground crossing with Osaka City Trams as well as those with Kyoto City Trams disappeared when the former was discontinued on December 18, 1968 and the latter on September 30, 1978, respectively.
- それ以上の、名跡にふさわしいか否かについての判断のために、しばしば襲名にあたっては、当該襲名者の師匠の許し、歌舞伎であれば松竹、落語ならば席亭や師匠の判断、さらに場合によっては同姓同亭号の大立者の協賛などが必要になってくる。
- In addition to the master's permission for Mysoeki name title inheritance to proceed, to ascertain whether or not a candidate for Myoseki name/title inheritance is appropriate, it is a common requirement that decisions must be made by Shochiku Co., Ltd., (when involving kabuki), or a theater's owner/master (when rakugo related), and even sometimes in further addition, support is required of the principle figure who goes by the same family name/same teigo (school name).
- また、L/Cカーは京都線・橿原線・天理線運用(とそれに関連する運用)の場合は座席は常にロングシートの状態で運転される(奈良線では一部運用や乗務員の判断による場合を除き、平日の10時~16時と土曜・休日の終日はクロスシート)。
- As for the L/C cars, they are used with long seats in the case of the Kyoto Line, Kashiwara Line and Tenri Line (and for the related operations) (on the Nara Line, the trains are operated with cross seats on weekdays from 10:00 to 16:00 and all day on Saturdays and holidays except for some occasions or operations made based on the judgment of the crew).
- 他に桑名駅は、東口がJR東海、西口が近鉄の管理であり、乗り換え改札口はないが、それぞれの自動改札機で近鉄名古屋線の乗車時にICOCAかPiTaPaが、JR線の乗車時はICOCA、TOICA、Suicaのいずれかが利用できる。
- Then, at Kuwana Station, which has no transfer gate, the East Entrance/Exit is controlled by JR Central and the West Entrance/Exit by Kintetsu Railway; when you take the Kintetsu Nagoya Line you can use either ICOCA or PiTaPa, and when you take the JR Line you can use either the ICOCA, TOICA or Suica at each automatic ticket checker.
- しかし7世紀後半の天武期において、天皇を中心とする国造りが整備されるに伴い、その氏神であった天照大神を頂点として、それら国造りに重用された神々が民族神へと高められ、仏教側からもその神々に敬意を表して格付けを上げるようになった。
- In the Tenmu period of the late seventh century, when the Emperor-centered political regime was put in place, the Shinto gods that had played important roles in building the country--including Amaterasu Omikami, the highest ranking Ujigami (local god) of all--were elevated in status to ethnic gods, and this encouraged Buddhists to give them higher ranking as a token of respect.
- 神示の中ではこれから起こるらしい大災厄や戦乱を「大峠」や「三千世界の大洗濯」と呼び、それらは現界に生きている人間のみならず霊界等も含めた全ての世界に等しく起こるとされ、神霊の言葉によれば「三千世界すべての大建替」になるという。
- In the Revelation, the future catastrophe and maelstrom of war are called 'Big Mountain Pass' and 'Large-scale Washing of the Three Thousand World' which will occur equally in whole world including the human and spiritual worlds and the spirit called it as 'Massive Reconstruction of all the Three Thousand World.'
- 昼間時間帯には特急と普通(時間帯によっては準急)が土休日の午前中、夕方以降は特急or急行と普通が、平日の夕方以降は下り大阪方面行きはK特急と急行が、上り出町柳方面行きはK特急・急行と普通が、それぞれ緩急・急急結合の接続を行う。
- Higher and lower priority trains are coupled together depending on the time and day, as follows: during the day, limited expresses and local trains (occasionally semi-expresses) are coupled together; in the morning and evening on weekends and holidays, limited expresses/expresses and local trains are coupled together; in the late evening and at night on weekdays, K-limited expresses and expresses bound for Osaka are coupled together, while K-limited expresses/expresses and local trains bound for Demachiyanagi are coupled together.
- ニニギが容姿が醜いイワナガヒメだけを送り返すと、オオヤマツミはそれを怒り、「イワナガヒメを添えたのは、天孫が岩のように永遠でいられるようにと誓約を立てたからで、イワナガヒメを送り返したことで天孫の寿命は短くなるだろう」と告げた。
- However, Ninigi sent back Iwanaga-hime only because she was ugly, and Oyamatsumi got angry at that, saying 'I sent Iwanaga-hime wishing the eternity of Tenson (the grandson of the sun goddess) like an unchangeable 'iwa' (rock). But he sent her back, so the life of Tenson will be short.'
- 2006年7月1日から南海に、2007年4月1日から近鉄にそれぞれPiTaPaが導入されたことで、両駅の乗り換え改札口では、1枚のICOCAもしくは事前にチャージ済みのPiTaPaで自動改札機にタッチすれば乗り換えが可能である。
- Since PiTaPa was introduced in the Nankai Electric Railway on July 1, 2006, and in the Kintetsu Railway on April 1, 2007, at the stations of both companies you can transfer by passing through the transfer gate, making one touch on the automatic ticket checker with your ICOCA card or, in the case of PiTaPa, as far as your card has previously been recharged.
- 『山城国風土記』逸文では、タマヨリビメ(たまよりひめ)が加茂川の川上から流れてきた丹塗矢を床に置いたところ懐妊し、それで生まれたのが賀茂別雷命で、兄玉依日古(あにたまよりひこ)の子孫である賀茂県主の一族がこれを奉斎したと伝える。
- The ancient text 'Yamashiro no Kuni Fudoki' tells that Tamayorihime became pregnant after placing on her bed a vermilion-lacquered arrow that flowed down from the upper reaches of Kamo-gawa River, and that when she gave birth to Kamowakeikazuchi-no-mikoto, he was enshrined by the Kamo territorial ruling family of Anitamayorihiko's descendants.
- このため、中世・近世においては陰陽師という呼称は、もはや陰陽寮の官僚ではなく、もっぱら民間で私的依頼を受けて加持祈祷や占いなどを行う非官人の民間陰陽師を指すようになり、各地の民衆信仰や民俗儀礼と融合してそれぞれ独自の変遷を遂げた。
- In the Middle and early modern ages, the term onmyoji consequently no longer meant bureaucrats in Onmyoryo, but came to mean non-government civilian worker onmyoji performing kaji kito (removing bad spirits by offering prayers) or divinations personally requested by common people in the private sectors and their onmyodo went through unique transitions being blended in with popular faith and ethnic rituals in various regions.
- バス車内では、1000円(1100円分・220円券5枚)分のみ販売されていたが、2005年3月31日をもって、同じ割引率で市バスでのみ利用できる「市バスとくとくカード」に移行された(それ以降に関しては廃止されたカードの項を参照)。
- Only ticket books for \1000 (five \220 tickets, worth \1100) were available on buses, but after April 1, 2005, those ticket books were replaced by the Tokutoku (profitable) City Bus card (for the subsequent development, refer to the item for abolished cards).
- まずは急電に80系を投入、それまで使用していたモハ52や半流モハ43を阪和線に転出させただけでなく、残りの整備済みの42系(流電や半流モハ43のサハも含む)を横須賀線に転出させ、横須賀線に応援に入っていた63系を他線に振り向けた。
- Firstly, Moha 52 and Hanryu Moha 43 cars were transferred to the Hanwa Line when type 80 cars were introduced to express trains, and other type 42 cars (including Ryuden and Saha of Hanryu Moha 43) were transferred to the Yokosuka line while type 63 cars, that had been used for the Yokosuka Line, were transferred to another line.
- ただ、運賃格差の大きさと箱根方面への輸送を含むというその性質の差、それに東京側ターミナルの違い(新幹線・東京駅、小田急・新宿駅)などが作用して、新幹線の開業によって大きな影響があるとはいい難く、棲み分けがなされているとも看做せる。
- However, the operation of the 'Hakone' Romance Car trains have not been affected much by the start of operation of the Shinkansen line due to the following reasons and it can be said that the trains concerning both companies are operated harmoniously: A large difference exists in the fares, the features are different in that the Romance Car trains travel up to Hakone, and the terminal stations on the Tokyo side are different (Tokyo station for the Shinkansen line and Shinjuku for the Odakyu line).
- 前者には大住駅、健康村を経由する路線(63)と、畠を経由する路線(68・31)、および茶屋前から稲葉を経由する路線(31・31A・65・67・67B・67D)がそれぞれあり、また本数は少ないが京田辺市役所へ向かう路線(65)もある。
- For Shin-Tanabe Station, Route 63 via Kenkomura (the health village), routes 68/31 via Hata, and routes 31/31A/65/67/67B/67D via Inaba through Chayamae are provided, and Route 65 for the Kyotanabe City Hall is also provided, although it doesn't operate very frequently.
- 工芸科学部1学部で構成される工科大学で、それ程大きな規模の大学ではないが、バイオ、材料、情報、環境などの先端科学技術分野から造形・デザインまでの幅広い分野において、ものづくりを基盤とした「実学」を目指した個性ある教育研究を行っている。
- Kyoto Institute of Technology (KIT) has only one school, that is, School of Science and Technology, so it's not that big in scale, but its education and research are unique in pursuing 'practical science' based on creating products, ranging widely from the cutting-edge science and technology, such as biotechnology, material, information, and environment, to formative arts and design.
- それに対して貴船明神が返したと伝えられる歌「奥山にたぎりておつる滝つ瀬の たまちる許(ばかり)物な思ひそ」(奥山にたぎり落ちる滝の水玉が飛び散るように、(魂が飛び散ってしまうほど)思い悩んではいけない)も後拾遺和歌集に収録されている。
- Also included in Goshui Wakashu is the poem with which Kifune Myojin kami is said to have replied to her:'Okuyama nitagirite otsurutakitsu se notama chiru bakarimono na omohiso'(Deep in the mountains,in the shallows of the waterfall,rushing down,the spirit-waterdrops shatter and splash,do not be so lost in thought).
- のち、今出川通の拡張に伴い京都市電今出川線が北野紙屋川町から北野白梅町まで延伸されることになったため、京福電気鉄道北野線は北野白梅町-北野間を市電へ譲渡することになり、その際北野電停は市電のそれと統合されたため、京福の駅は廃駅となった。
- Later, as the Kyoto City Trams extended the Imadegawa Line, the section between Kitano-kamiyagawacho Station and Kitano-Hakubaicho Station, along with the expansion of Imadegawa-dori Street, the Keifuku Electric Railroad Co., Ltd. transferred the Kitano Line--which ran between Kitano-Hakubaicho Station and Kitano Station--to the Kyoto City Trams; concurrently, Kitano Station, operated by the Keifuku Electric Railroad, was merged into the Kyoto City Trams operation, whereby the station of the Keifuku Electric Railroad was abandoned.
- しかしながら、反乱の口実にまで東大寺が利用された、ということは、東大寺建立自体が、天皇の理想を実現させる、ただそれだけのために実際の労働状況や財政事情等の問題点を度外視した途方もない、一大プロジェクトであったことをも白日の下にさらした。
- However, the fact that Todai-ji Temple was even used as an excuse for a rebellion shows that construction of Todai-ji Temple was a large project aiming only to realize the Emperor's wish while totally neglecting other issues such as actual working conditions and financial affairs.
- 神像石 -- 社殿の正面向かって左側に、男女が睦まじく肩を寄せあっている像が彫られた高さ1.5mぐらいの石があり、その左に「神像石(かむかたいし)」という、大友皇子・十市皇女から淡海三船までの4代とそれぞれの妃を祀った石が置かれている。
- Kamukata-ishi (stone god statue) - To the left facing the shinden, there is a stone approximately 1.5m tall with the engraving of a couple leaning happily close to each other, and the 'Kamukata-ishi' which enshrines four generations of emperors from Prince Otomo to Omi no Mifune and their corresponding empresses, beginning with Princess Tochi, is placed to the left of that stone.
- 正史『続日本紀』の宝亀4年(773年)11月20日条には「行基が修行した40余箇所の寺院のうち、6箇院は荒れ果ててしまっているので、それぞれに田3町ないし2町を施入する」という趣旨の記述があり、その6箇院の中に「生馬院」が含まれている。
- The section on November 20, 773 in the official history record 'Shoku Nihongi' (Chronicles of Japan Continued) says 'of the forty or more temples at which Gyoki trained, six are dilapidated, so each will be given two to three square kilometers of land', and 'Ikuma-in Temple' is included as one of the six.
- 一方、行政上、日向国が設置されたのは7世紀であり、それ以前の時代には日向国地域は熊曽国に含まれていたとして、古事記の「竺紫」=「筑紫」、日本書紀の「筑紫」から、降臨地は「筑紫国の日向」であって後世の「日向国」ではないと解釈する異説がある。
- But some consider that Ninigi might have descended to 'Hyuga in Tsukushi Province,' not 'Hyuga Province' established at a later time, partly because both the Kojiki and Nihonshoki mention the location of his descent as 'Tsukushi' (spelled as '竺紫' or '筑紫' in the Kojiki and '筑紫' in Nihonshoki), and partly because the region included in Hyuga Province in the seventh century had previously been part of Kumaso Province.
- (従五位上行式部少輔兼文章博士菅原道真は、参議に官位相当の規定が無いことは問題であるとし、元慶6年(882年)7月1日条「菅家文草・巻第九」で官位相当、考禄等を定めるべきと奏上している。それに対しての回答の有無は伝わらず、定かではない。)
- (Jugoinojo (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade), Shikibu shoyu (Junior Assitant of the Ministry of Ceremonial) and Monjo hakase (professor of literature), SUGAWARA no Michizane felt that it was a problem that kani soto was not specified for Sangi, and reported to the Emperor on the need to specify kani soto, koroku, etc. in the provision of July 1, 882 'Kankebunso, Volume 9.' There is no record on whether or not there was a response to this, and therefore it is uncertain.)
- ロシアの高速列車ソコル (列車)は1997年、ドイツ鉄道の技術支援を受け、モスクワ - サンクトペテルブルグ間654kmを営業時の最高速度250km/hで結んだことにより、それまで4時間20分掛かっていたものが、2時間30分に短縮された。
- Getting technical assistance from Germany, Russia connected in 1997 the distance of 654 km between Moscow and Saint Petersburg at a maximum operation speed of 250 km/h with Sokol trains, shortening the traveling time from four hours and 20 minutes to two hours and 30 minutes.
- 平安時代以降近世まで、公式の文書・記録等には原則として「東寺」という表記が用いられ、それが正式名称であり、「教王護国寺」という呼称は特殊な場合以外には用いられなかったこのことは、たとえば平凡社『世界大百科事典』の東寺の項に明記されている。
- From the Heian period into the middle ages, official documents and records as a rule used 'To-ji' to signify this temple, as that was the official name, and 'Kyoogokoku-ji' was not used except for special circumstances; this fact is noted in the To-ji article in Heibonsha's World Encyclopedia, for example.
- また、京阪京都交通車の貸切・高速専用車は台数が少ないため、それでも捌き切れない場合は台数に比較的余裕のある京阪宇治バスの貸切登録車両も応援に入る(ただし一般路線でも使用するワンロマ車および路線・貸切兼用車は定期観光バスの運用には入らない)。
- Also since Keihan Kyoto Kotsu doesn't own many private cars or specialized highway cars, the registered private car of Keihan Uji which relatively has many cars supports them when they need an extra (but, the One-roma car which runs on regular street and the car for a street and private use, doesn't manage the regular sightseeing tour bus).
- 1992年4月1日、阪急電鉄がそれまで乗車券購入や運賃精算用として販売していたラガールカードを用いたストアードフェアシステム「ラガールスルー」の運用を開始し、1994年には能勢電鉄が自社のパストラルカードとラガールカードを共通化する形で参加。
- On April 1, 1992 the Hankyu Railway Co., Ltd. introduced the usage of a stored fare system, 'Lagare Through,' using the Lagare Card, which was previously used to purchase a ticket or to adjust the train fare; the Nose Electric Railway Co., Ltd. also introduced its Pastoral Card together with the Lagare Card in 1994.
- 東西線沿線は人口の伸びが著しい傾向を見せるが、それに周辺の道路整備が追い付かずに渋滞が深刻化していた京都市東部地域(山科区・伏見区東部)と都心部をつなぐための交通機関として1965年頃から計画が進められ、1969年の市議会で建設が正式に決定。
- The project for the Tozai Line started in or around 1965 as a means of public transportation that would connect the eastern region of Kyoto City (Yamashina Ward and eastern Fushimi Ward)--where the construction of surrounding roads along the Tozai Line couldn't keep up with the rapid population growth in those areas, resulting in serious traffic jams--with the large cities, and was officially carried at a city council meeting held in 1969.
- そして、今後に起こるとされる大建替では過去にあったそれらとは全く異なり、現界はもちろんの事、神界、霊界、幽界等も含めた全ての世界に起こり、天明が最初に麻賀多神社で書記させられたように、文字通り「この世始まって二度とない苦労」になるのだとされる。
- The coming reconstruction will be totally different in that it occurs not only in this world but also in the whole world including the spirit world and the astral world, which will be literally 'the biggest hardship that the world ever has' just as Tenmei was made to write first in Makata-jinja Shrine.
- また、日本の神として古事記や日本書紀にある人格神(人の形や人として捉えられる神)を崇拝する場合にも、根底に同じ考え方があり、所縁のある物や象徴する物などに内在している、あるいは、それらに依り憑いて具象化することで力を及ぼすと考えられたようである。
- In addition, the same idea underlay the enshrinement of humanized divinities (gods in human form or captured while human) who appeared in the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) as gods, and people thought that a god's power resided in something related to or symbolic of that god, and they even believed that a god could influence people by embodying himself or herself in such things.
- これに対し、東海旅客鉄道の葛西敬之会長は著書の中で「東海道新幹線はあくまで内部留保された資金と借金で建設資金をまかない、それらを運賃・料金収入のみですべて回収したものであり、新幹線建設が国鉄破綻の引き金を引いたという認識は誤りだ」と指摘している。
- For this, Yoshiyuki KASAI, chairman of the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) refuted in a book he wrote that 'The Shinkansen line was constructed with only internally reserved money and borrowed money, and the cost has been recovered only by the train fares and other charges, and therefore, it is wrong to say that the construction of Shinkansen triggered the bankruptcy of JNR.'
- 秀吉の正室である北政所(ねね、出家後は高台院湖月尼)は秀吉の菩提を弔うための寺院の建立を発願し、当初は北政所の実母・朝日局が眠る康徳寺(京都の寺町にあった)をそれに充てようとしたが、手狭であったため、東山の現在地に新たな寺院を建立することになった。
- His wife, Kita no Mandokoro, (who was also known as Nene and later took the name 'Kodaiin Kogetsuni' after becoming a Buddhist nun) vowed to establish a temple to pray to Buddha for the happiness of her late husband, and originally attempted to use Kotoku-ji Temple (used to be in Teramachi, Kyoto), in which her mother Asahi no Tsubone was buried, for this purpose but it was too small so she established a new temple on Kodai-ji Temple's current site in Higashiyama.
- 天明に日月神示が降り始めてから、まだ1年も経たない昭和20年のある日に(天明はこの頃は上記した東京、千駄ヶ谷の八幡神社で留守神主をしていた)、神前に座ると神霊の「天明、此所をやめい」と言うお告げが有り、これはそれから3日間にわたって連日続いたという。
- One day in 1945, less than one year after Tenmei received Hitsuki Shinji for the first time (Tenmei was looking after Hachiman-jinja Shrine in Sendagaya, Tokyo, as a temporary Shinto priest as mentioned above), when he was sitting down in front of the altar, he heard the notice of the holy spirit 'Tenmei, leave here' everyday over a three-day period.
- 新幹線(しんかんせん)は、旧日本国有鉄道(国鉄)が1964年(昭和39年)10月1日に営業運転を始めた東海道新幹線を初の路線とし、現在JRグループが運行する高速鉄道路線およびそれに用いられる車両、並びに関連する鉄道輸送システム全体をも指す呼称である。
- Following the Tokaido Shinkansen that the former Japan National Railways (JNR) started operation on October 1, 1964, each of the JR group companies has operated its own high-speed railway system, and the term Shinkansen is used for indicating the railways for high-speed operations, the train-cars, and related railway-based transportation systems as a whole.
- そのため、「エクスプレス予約」の山陽新幹線への拡大、300km/hの高速性能と700系車両を上回る居住性の両立を目指した次世代車両であるN700系車両の共同開発など、それまで対立の多かったJR東海とJR西日本両社は連携を強化する体制に転換しつつある。
- Therefore, JR Tokai and JR West, having frequently confronted each other, have started cooperating more strongly: For example, the coverage of the 'Express reservation' has been expanded to the Sanyo Shinkansen line, and the N700 series train-cars, the next generation train-cars aiming at a high performance of 300-km/h operations and at passenger comfort exceeding that of the 700 series train-cars, have been developed jointly.
- これにより、路線バスによる京都市内中心部へアクセスができなくなったことや、幹線道路に路線バスが運行されているものの、醍醐地区では小高い丘や坂の上に住宅や団地がある多くみられることから、地下鉄開業に伴いそれまでよりも不便になったと認識する住民が出始めた。
- Given the above, local residents of the Daigo area complained that there was no access by bus to the central Kyoto City area and although there was a bus route on the main road, given that the Daigo area has many residential areas on small hills, it less convenient after the subway opened
- なお、記録上において納銭方の中に法体の姿を取って「○○坊」と名乗っている者と普通に俗名を名乗っている者が存在するが、これは土倉が本来は延暦寺などの支配下にあったため、その一員である証としてそれらの寺院に属する僧侶の体裁を取った名残であると考えられている。
- While the existence of the priest-styled Nosenkata using the Buddhist title and the Nosenkata using a popular name is suggested in a record, the doso had originally been put under the control of temples such as Enryaku-ji Temple, therefore the Buddhist title is regarded as the remains of their work style as priest belonging to the Buddhist temples.
- このため、本列車のダイヤグラム鉄道におけるダイヤ自体は山陰線全通時にまでさかのぼる(戦時中は分断)が、日本最長となったのは、それまで最長だった大阪駅発新潟駅行きの普通列車が廃止された1961年-1975年の国鉄ダイヤ改正1972年(昭和47年)であった。
- Although the time schedule of this train dates back to the period when the entire portion of the Sanin Main Line opened (it was split during wartime), it became the longest-distance train in Japan when the local train running from Osaka Station to Niigata Station, then the train running the longest distance, was abolished through the Japan National Railway's schedule revision of 1972, which was implemented as part of a series of revisions made during the period of 1961 to 1975.
- 京都バス(株)は合併前の両社からそれぞれ洛北・洛西の郊外バスとしての性格を受けついで発足し、事業規模も従業員27人、車両数14台という小規模な企業体であったが、戦後資材・燃料などの事情も好転してきたのに伴い、合併前に休止していた路線も徐々に復活していった。
- Kyoto Bus started its business as a relatively small company of 27 employees and 14 cars, having inherited from the former two companies the nature of a suburban bus company in the Rakuhoku and Rakusai areas; however, after the war it gradually resumed the operation of the routes that had been suspended until the merger, thanks to the improvement of the situation surrounding the supplies of materials and fuels.
- また、京橋から寝屋川市の間はほとんどの駅を通過する(早朝と深夜はノンストップ、それ以外の時間帯は守口市のみ停車)反面、寝屋川市以北では約半数の駅に停車しており、そのために2003年9月のダイヤ改正までは特急と急行の所要時間の差が大きいダイヤが組まれていた。
- Although the train runs nearly nonstop between Kyobashi Station and Neyagawashi Station (the train goes nonstop in the early morning and in the late evening, and the rest of the day it stops only at Moriguchishi Station), at the Neyagawa Station and to the north, the train makes a stop at almost half the stations, and that is why until the timetable was revised in September 2003 there was a big difference between limited express and express in terms of the time required.
- プラットホームを有していた九条山駅、それ以外の駅は電停であったが、いずれの駅にも券売機などの設備が設置されていないためである(京阪石山坂本線もほとんどの駅が無人だったか、決められた時間内しか駅員がいなかったため、ワンマン化までこのシステムを導入していた)。
- The above arrangement was required because all stations, including Kujoyama Station, which had a platform, were mere train stops and automatic ticket machines weren't installed at these stations (this arrangement was implemented at nearly all stations of the Ishiyama-Sakamoto Line until one-man operation was introduced, because they were either unmanned stations or stations with staff working only in limited time zones).
- だが、戦中に京阪電気鉄道が京阪神急行電鉄(1973年に阪急電鉄と改称)に統合され、戦後の1949年にその京阪電気鉄道が新京阪線を京都本線と改称して阪急に残した形で再発足すると、それらとも争う形で再び京阪間直通客の獲得に乗り出し、特急が運転されるようになる。
- However, during the war the Keihan Electric Railway was swallowed by the Keihanshin Express Railway (the name was changed to Hankyu Railway in 1973), and after the war, in 1949, part of the Keihan Electric Railway restarted its business, handing over the Shinkeihan Line (the name of which was then changed to the Kyoto Main Line) to Hankyu Railway and began competing with other railway lines to attract commuters between Kyoto and Osaka by introducing limited express trains.
- また、荒本以東には発車メロディが開業6日前の2006年3月21日ダイヤ改正から使用されている(近鉄ではそれ以前にも近鉄名古屋駅4・5番線近鉄特急ホームの発車メロディとして、ファミリーコンピュータの効果音のような単一和音の「ドナウ川のさざ波」が使われている)。
- A melody to indicate the departure of a train has been used in the stations east of Aramoto Station since March 21, 2006, six days before the inauguration of the Keihanna Line, when the train operation schedule was changed (before that, in Kintetsu, the melody of 'The Waves of the Danube,' in single chords, such as used for introductory sounds in family computers, was employed to indicate train departures from Platform 4 and 5 for the Kintetsu Limited Express trains in Kintetsu-Nagoya Station).
- 日本の律令法によれば、図書寮が国史編纂の任に当たる事になっていたが、実際の図書寮にはそれを行うだけの史料の集積も人材もなかったと考えられている(律令制実務における記録や行政文書の集積は、後日に先例として参考にするために内記や外記などで行われたと見られている)。
- According to the Japanese Ritsuryo code, compilation of official history book was the job of Zushoryo (the Bureau of Drawings and Books), but it is considered that Zushoryo actually lacked historical materials and human resources necessary to carry out such a job (it is considered that the records and precedents concerning the jobs under the Ritsuryo system were accumulated by Naiki (Secretary of the Ministry of Central Affairs) and Geki (Secretary of the Grand Council of State) for the purpose of future reference).
- その後、満州事変・第二次世界大戦と戦局は次第に深刻な様相を見せはじめ、統制経済の一環として1941年「配電統制令」が施行され、京都電燈は、発送電部門を日本発送電(株)に、配電部門を関西電力(株)・北陸電力(株)にそれぞれ出資し、1942年4月をもって解散した。
- Under the aggravating war situation such as during the Manchurian Incident and World War Ⅱ, 'Ordinance for Electricity Distribution Control' came into force in 1941 as part of the economic control measures; moreover, Kyoto Dento was dissolved in April 1942 after assigning the electric generation and transmission division to Japan Electric Generation and Transmission Company Co., Ltd., and the electric distribution division to Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., and Hokuriku Electric Power Company Co., Inc.
- 教養科目と専門科目の分担は、1・2回生を教養課程、3回生以上を専門課程とするような学年による区分は行なわず、1回生では教養科目を多く履修し、学年が上がるに従って専門科目の割合を徐々に増やし、卒業までに教養・専門のそれぞれで必要な単位を取得する方式をとっている。
- The way that assigns liberal arts and major subjects is not a mechanical one by the grade that assigns the liberal arts to freshmen and sophomores, and the major subjects to juniors and above, but a gradual one that requires students to take relatively many of the liberal arts in the first grade, and increases major subjects as the grade goes up so that students can take both of their credits until graduation.
- 日本には森羅万象のものに対し神や魂が宿るという考え方から、多くのものや事柄に対し「畏怖や畏敬の念を抱く」という考え方があり、またそれは、物に対する感謝や、物を大事にする・大事に使う・大事に利用する(食する)という考えにつながり、様々なものを依り代として祀ってきた。
- In Japan, the concept that gods and souls reside in all natural objects led people to feel 'awe and respect' for many things, which in turn led them to feel gratitude for things, taking good care of them and using and eating them with care and, as a result, they enshrined many objects as yorishiro.
- ただ、陰陽寮が中務省の小寮であったため、当然ながら行政官である四等官の官位は本省のそれに比べて低めとなっており、後の平安中期で言う、昇殿して天皇に奏上できる仙籍と呼ばれるいわゆる殿上人は従五位下格の陰陽頭のみであり、その他はすべて、後に昇殿を許されない地下人あった。
- However, since Onmyoryo was Shoryo (lower ranking in the tsukasa system) under Nakatsukasasho, the court rank for the administrative officer Shitokan (four classifications of bureaucrat ranking) was lower compared to similar positions in other departments and what was called, around the mid Heian Period, Tenjobito known as Senseki who were allowed to come to the palace and address the emperor was only Onmyo no kami with a Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) while all others were Jigenin who were not allowed to enter the palace.
- なお、小説家の井沢元彦は逆説の日本史において、古代の日本は中国文明の影響によって、子孫の祭祀の絶えた者が怨霊となるとして、これを「プレ怨霊信仰」と呼び、それが長屋王と藤原四子の事件により「冤罪で死んだ者が怨霊となる」という「日本的怨霊信仰」へと変化したと提唱している。
- Additionally, Motohiko IZAWA, a novelist who wrote 'Gyakusetu no nihonnshi' ('Japanese History in Paradox'), says in his book that ancient Japanese, under the influence of Chinese Civilization, believed that spirits totally neglected by their decendents would become onryo, which he defines as 'the stage before goryo shinko', and that due to the incident of Prince Nagaya and the four Fujiwara sons, the stage developed into a typical Japanese onryo shinko whereby the departed soul of a man who died because of a false charge would become an onryo.
- 陰陽寮で唯一の殿上人相当職制である陰陽頭は、各博士などの技官からの登用ではなく、単に公家の一ポストとして利用されることが多くなり、それも長官職としては従五位下という仙籍格としては末席の地位であったことから、比較的境遇の悪い傍流の公家に対する処遇ポスト化する傾向を見せた。
- In light of the above, Onmyo no kami, the only job classification equivalent to tenjobito in Onmyoryo, began to be used as another post for court nobles instead of for gikan like the various hakase, and since that position was at the bottom of the senseki class being a Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), it tended to be a post given to the disadvantaged minor court nobles whose careers tended to be sidetracked.
- しかしながら、東京都を通過する需要がほとんどないという調査結果や、商用電源周波数の違い(東海道・山陽・九州新幹線は60Hzで、東北・上越・長野新幹線では50Hz)、それに東北・上越新幹線用のものには降雪対策が施されるなどといった車体設計の違いから、実現には至らなかった。
- However, the through operation was not realized due to the following reasons: Almost no passengers existed traveling through Tokyo station, the frequency of commercial power supplies were different from each other (60 Hz for the Tokai and Sanyo Shinkansen lines, and 50 Hz for the Tohoku, Joetsu and Nagano Shinkansen lines), and in addition, there were differences in the train-car designs, for example, measures against snow fall were taken for train-cars on the Tohoku and the Joetsu Shinkansen lines.
- しかし西南戦争後の財政難により1877年、愛知・広島・長崎・新潟・宮城の各英語学校は廃止(その後地元の県に移管され、旧制中学校に改編)、東京・大阪の英語学校はそれぞれ東京大学予備門および大阪専門学校に改組され、第一高等学校 (旧制)・第三高等学校 (旧制)の前身となった。
- But because of the financial difficulty following the Seinan War, English Language Schools in Aichi, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Niigata and Miyagi were closed in 1877 (and were later transferred to their respective prefectures and reformed as junior high schools [old education system]), and those in Tokyo and Osaka were reformed to be Preparatory School of the University of Tokyo and Osaka Technical College, respectively, which became the predecessor of Daiichi High School (old education system) and Daisan High School (old education system), respectively.
- この扶乩実験の後、終戦直前の昭和20年の夏のある日に軍関係者(青年将校達数名)が天明のもとを訪れたのは、それまでに都合3度の内閣を組閣しその後も隠然とした力と、軍部の考えとは正反対に独自の終戦工作を画策していたらしい元内閣総理大臣経験者である「近衛文麿」に関してであった。
- After the experimental test of Fuchi, in the summer of 1945 just before the end of the war, some young military officers visited Tenmei to tell about the former Prime Minister 'Fumimaro KONOE' who had formed his government three times and been maneuvering for termination of war with his latent power, which was the exact opposite of the military's intention.
- それから数年後の正安元年(1299年)、寺は関白九条忠教の庇護のもと、六条東洞院(現・京都市下京区)の源融(みなもとのとおる)左大臣の旧跡(六条河原院)へ寺地を移すとともに、菅原是善(菅原道真の父)の旧邸(現・京都市上京区堀松町)の天満宮とその神宮寺である歓喜寺を合併した。
- Several years later in 1299, the temple was relocated to the site of Minister of the Left MINAMOTO no Toru's residence (Rokujo Kawarain) in Rokujo Higashinotoin (present-day Shimogyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City) due to the patronage of Kanpaku (chief advisor to the emperor) Tadanori KUJO, and merged with the Tenman-gu Shrine and Kanki-ji Temple of the jingu-ji Temple (temples associated with shrines) at the former residence (in present-day Horimatsu-cho, Kamigyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City) of SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi (the father of SUGAWARA no Michizane).
- 8代将軍足利義政時代の奉公衆の編成を記す『御番帳』が現存しており、それによると奉公衆は五番編成で、各番の兵力は50人から100人、総勢で300から400人ほどの人数で、各番が抱える若党や中間なども含めると平均して5000から10,000人規模の軍事力であったと考えられている。
- According to the remaining 'Gobancho (literally, descriptions of ban, squad)' where the organization of Hokoshu in the eighth shogun Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA era was described, Hokoshu consisted of five squads, with each squad including 50 to 100 persons and 300 to 400 persons in total, and when wakato (young samurai) and chu-gen (lower-class retainers) were also counted, it is considered that Hokoshu had the military power of 5,000 to 10,000 persons.
- 1986年まで客車普通列車が走っていたり、生瀬~道場付近では武庫川の渓流の眺めを楽しめたりするなど、のどかなローカル路線の体であったが、同年の宝塚~新三田間の複線電化を機にそれらは姿を消し、沿線住宅開発の進展とJR東西線の開業などにより新型電車が行き交う通勤路線となっている。
- Up to 1986, the Fukuchiyama Line was a tranquil local line where passenger local trains ran and the scenery of a Muko-gawa River stream was enjoyed near Namaze and Dojo; however, these scenes disappeared as the line between Takarazuka Station and Shin-Sanda Station was double-tracked and electrified in 1986, and it was transformed into a commuter line on which new types of trains run, housing development is promoted along the line and the JR Tozai Line has been established.
- また、諸家がそれぞれ持っているとされる『旧辞』のような一定の条件を満たす複数の書物ないしは文書の総称であると考えられる「普通名詞」と、『先代の旧辞』や『勅語の旧辞』といった特定の時点で編纂された特定の書物を示すと見られる「固有名詞」とは明確に区別するべきであるとする見解もある。
- There is another opinion that the 'common name' which is regarded as a generic name of more than one book or document meeting certain requirements such as 'Kyuji' each family owns should be clearly differentiated from the 'proper name' which is regarded to refer to the certain books edited at the certain point such as 'Sendai no kuji' and 'Chokugo no kuji' (Records of ordinances).
- 鎌倉時代初期においては、国衙領や荘園に守護人奉行(のちの守護)や地頭の影響力はそれほど及んでいなかったが、鎌倉中期以降、国衙領・荘園の税収入効率ないし領地そのものがこれらに急激に侵食されはじめると、陰陽師の保護基盤である朝廷・公家勢力は経済的にも苦境を迎えるようになっていった。
- During the early Kamakura Period, the authority of shugonin bugyo (subsequently shugo) or jito over kokugaryo (state-owned land) and shoen (manor) was not so conspicuous, but after the mid Kamakura Period, as the tax revenue efficiency of the state-owned land and shoen or properties themselves began to be rapidly eaten away by these people, the Imperial Court and court nobles, who were the protection basis of onmyoji, started to experience financial difficulties.
- それに基づいて当神社は雄略天皇22年に伊勢へ遷座したその故地であるといい(『丹後風土記』)、或いは、元鎮座地は比沼麻奈為神社(現京丹後市峰山町に鎮座)であるが、雄略天皇22年に伊勢へ遷座する途中で当神社の地にしばらく鎮座し、その跡地に建立したものであるともいう(『加佐郡誌』)。
- It is said (in 'Tango no Kuni Fudoki' (The Records of the Culture and Geography in Tango Province)) that the location of this shrine is where the god was enshrined before it was transferred to Ise in 478, or according to another legend, it was originally enshrined at the location of the Hinumanai-jinja Shrine (present-day Mineyama-cho, Kyotango City), and then temporarily settled where this shrine is now built on the way to Ise ('The Records of Kasa-gun County') in 478.
- この大教宣布の不振、それに続く祭神論争によりその教学の未成熟さを実感した神道はその教学の深化に迫られ、1882年(明治15年)8月23日に、有栖川宮幟仁親王の令旨を奉じた山田顕義ら内務省 (日本)官僚と、松野勇雄ら数名の国文学者が「専ら国典を講究するため」として研究機関を設立した。
- Standing in need of reinforcing the Shinto teaching, which became clear through the stagnant Taikyo-senpu and the subsequent pantheon dispute, some bureaucrats of the Ministry of Home Affairs including Akiyoshi YAMADA and several scholars of Japanese literature such as Isao MATSUNO established a research institute 'purely for the purpose of an in-depth study of the national literature' in obedience to an order of His Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Takahito.
- 平行する私鉄に較べ長い駅間であったが、2007年3月には西宮駅 (JR西日本)(西ノ宮から改称)~芦屋間にさくら夙川駅が、2008年3月には山崎駅 (京都府)~高槻間に島本駅が、鷹取駅~須磨間に須磨海浜公園駅が、同年10月には西大路~向日町間に桂川駅 (京都府)がそれぞれ開業した。
- Since JNR/JR had stations with longer intervals compared with private railways running in parallel, JR had established in March 2007, the new Sakura-Shukugawa Station between Nishinomiya Station (JR-West) (renamed from old Nishinomiya) and Ashiya, and in March 2008, the new Shimamoto Station between Yamazaki Station (Kyoto Prefecture) and Takatsuki, the new Suma-kaihinkoen Stations between Takatori Station and Suma Station, as well as a new station, Katsuragawa Station (Kyoto Prefecture) between Nishioji and Mukomachi in October 2008.
- そして賀茂保憲が、その嫡子の賀茂光栄に暦道を、弟子の安倍晴明に天文道をあまなく伝授禅譲して、それぞれがこれを家内で世襲秘伝秘術化したため、安倍家の天文道は極めて独特の災異瑞祥を説く性格を帯び、賀茂家の暦道は純粋な暦道というよりはむしろ宿曜道的色彩の強いものに独特の変化をとげていった。
- KAMO no Yasunori taught everything there is to know about the art of calendar-making to his heir KAMO no Mitsuyoshi and astronomy to his student ABE no Seimei, and since both turned their learning into an esoteric art which was passed down by succession within their own respective families, ABE's astronomy acquired an extremely specific characteristic of forecasting disasters and auspicious signs, whereas, the art of calendar-making of the KAMO family changed into an art with a distinctively strong flavor of Sukuyodo rather than rekido in its pure form.
- また新幹線に関しては、当初は名古屋から京都まで鈴鹿山脈を一直線にトンネルで抜けるルートでの敷設も計画されていたが、トンネルが長大になり建設に時間・費用を要すること、それに米原が北陸本線(旧:北陸道)との接続点になっていたこともあって、最終的には東海道本線に沿う現行ルートで敷設された。
- In the construction of the Shinkansen, although the initial plan was to build a straight tunnel under the Suzuka Sanmyaku mountain range, the current route of the Tokaido Main Line was finally accepted in consideration of the costly and time-consuming task of making such a tunnel and the role of Maibara Station as a junction to the Hokuriku Main line (formerly Hokuriku-do).
- ただし、教派神道の「『神道各派』から区別された神ながらの道は特に国家神道とも呼ばれるが、法律家や行政実務家は以前からそれを神社と呼ぶのが例」であり、「国家神道」の語は政治家や内務省 (日本)、その神社局、陸軍上層部、神道学などの場での専門用語であって、一般民衆に流通した語彙ではなかった。
- However, 'though it was the 'Way of the Gods,' distinct from 'each Shinto sect' of Sect Shinto, in particular that was called State Shinto, it was customarily known as 'shrines' (jinja) by lawyers and administrators,' the term 'State Shinto' being a technical term used by the Bureau of Shinto Shrines, the top brass in the army, Shinto scholars and so on, and not by the general public.
- 他にもその後代々、いちいち京から陰陽師を招聘することなく、身辺に「権門陰陽道」と称されるようになった陰陽師集団を確保するようになり、後の承久の変の際には朝廷は陰陽寮の陰陽師たちに、将軍は権門陰陽師たちにそれぞれ祈祷を行わせるなど、特に中後期鎌倉将軍にとって陰陽師は欠かせない存在であった。
- Thereafter, subsequent generations of shogun began to keep a group of onmyoji called 'Kenmon onmyodo' close by instead of inviting onmyoji from Kyoto each time and, when the Jokyu War broke out later on, the Imperial Court had onmyoji in Onmyoryo and the shogun had Kenmon onmyoji say prayers, making onmyoji indispensable particularly to the shogun in the mid and late Kamakura Period.
- 2004年度はブルーリボンシティ・ワンステップとエルガLVがそれぞれ7台と3台導入され、昨年導入されたタイプとほぼ同じ仕様となっているが、京都バスで初めてLED式行先表示器を装備し近代化を図ったほか、マーカーランプの廃止や降車合図ボタンの変更、車内握り棒のデザイン変更などが施されている。
- In fiscal year 2004, seven Blue Ribbon City one-step and three ERGA LV vehicles were introduced, and although their specs were basically same as those of the previous year's model, they were equipped with LED destination displays for the sake of modernization and certain other improvements were made, such as the abolishment of marker lamps, the change of buttons for requesting a stop and the change in the design of passenger hand-poles.
- さらに、田の神そのものではないが、それと深くかかわるものとしては、東日本に広く伝承されている小正月の鳥追い行事、かまくらなど水神の祭礼、どんど焼きをはじめとする左義長の行事、また、ナマハゲ・サイノカミ・トシドン・アマハゲなど日本各地に広がるトシノカミの訪問も予祝の性格をもつ民俗行事である。
- In addition, the following events are also folk events having a characteristic of the preliminary celebration, although they do not directly involve Tanokami itself but have close relations with it: bird-driving events widely handed down in East Japan, festivals of God of Water and Rain such as a mid-January festival in northern Japan, snow huts in which children play house, a festival of Sagicho (ritual bonfire of New Year's decorations) including the Dondo-yaki (a bonfire of the New Year's decorations, such as pine branches, bamboos, and straw festoons, at a shrine around the 15th of January), visits of Toshinokami widely seen in regions across Japan such as namahage (folklore demons of the Oga Peninsula that pay frightening visits to children at the New Year), Sai-no-kami, Toshidon and Amahage.
- 御家人は大都市の江戸に定住していたために常に都市の物価高に悩まされ、また諸藩では御家人と同じ程度の家禄を受けている微禄な藩士たちは給人地と呼ばれる農地を給付され、それを耕す半農生活で家計を支えることができたが、都市部の御家人にはそのような手段も取ることができなかったことが理由としてあげられる。
- Gokenin who resided in metropolis of Edo faced high urban prices, whereas retainers in regional domains who received a small stipend on par with gokenin was also granted farmland on which they would work part-time to generate extra income - an option not available to gokenin.
- 黄泉とは単純に根の国の地名を指し、鳥取県米子市夜見町から黄泉平坂のある島根県八束郡東出雲町の間にあった土地と言う説が有力であり、それをうらづけるような早期ながら規模の大きな方形の古墳群が近隣に存在し(安来市造山古墳 (島根県))、素環頭大刀などのような天叢雲剣を髣髴させる鉄刀なども出土している。
- Yomi referred simply to the location of Ne no kuni, and as such the theory that it was located somewhere between the town of Yomi in the city of Yonago, Tottori Prefecture, and the town of Higashi Izumo (where Yomotsuhirasaka was located) in Yatsuka county of Shimane Prefecture is most plausible; excavations nearby have unearthed huge square tombs built in a very early period of Japanese history (for example, Tsukuriyama tomb in the city of Yasugi in Tottori) as well as sokantotachi (swords) including an iron sword that closely resembles Kusanagi, one of the three Imperial Regalia.
- 猿飛佐助や霧隠才蔵は架空とも言われるが、海野六郎·根津甚八·望月六郎の姓のルーツは真田一族配下の滋野一党の姓と同一であり(根津に関しては、浅井長政の忘れ形見とされる浅井井頼がモデルという説もある)、また三好兄弟はそれぞれ三好政康・三好政勝がモデルと言われている(政勝は家康側として参陣していたが)。
- While Sasuke SARUTOBI and Saizo KIRIGAKURE are fictional, the roots of family names of Rokuro UNNO, Jinpachi NEZU and Rokuro MOCHIZUKI are the same as the family names of the Shigeno family under control of the Sanada family (for Nezu, there is a theory that Iyori ASAI, who is said to be a bereaved child of Nagamasa AZAI, was the model), and Masayasu MIYOSHI and Masakatsu MIYOSHI are said to be models of the Mishoshi brothers respectively (however, Masakatsu joined the war on the Ieyasu side).
- 戦後、近鉄は沿線の宅地開発が進み混雑が激しくなった近鉄奈良線の混雑緩和策として石切駅~森ノ宮駅間のバイパス線を計画するものの、同時期に京阪電気鉄道が大和田駅 (大阪府)~森ノ宮間を、大阪市が4号線(現・中央線)を本町駅~森ノ宮経由で放出駅まで延伸する計画をそれぞれ立てたため、一部区間で重複することとなった。
- After the war, Kintetsu planned to construct a bypass line between Ishikiri Station and Morinomiya Station in order to alleviate congestion on the Kintetsu Nara Line, which had become serious due to housing development along the line, but some portions of the planned line overlapped the lines planned by other companies and Osaka City, because at around the same time the Keihan Electric Railway planned an extension between Owada Station (Osaka Prefecture) and Morinomiya Station and Osaka City planned an extension of the fourth line (the current the Chuo Line) up to Hanaten Station via Honmachi Station and Morinomiya.
- 多客時は臨時ダイヤで運転されることがあり、特に毎年10月22日に行われる鞍馬の火祭においては事実上唯一の交通機関となり、ほぼ全ての車両をフル稼働させるぐらいの運転となるが、それでもピーク時には鞍馬線二軒茶屋駅 (京都府)以北が単線で線路容量に制約がある関係もあって長蛇の列(乗車までに数時間の待ち時間)となる。
- The line is operated for a special schedule when there are many passengers; it is basically the only transportation, particularly during Kurama Fire Festival held every October 22, when nearly all the cars are employed for operation; but still the passengers have to wait several hours before boarding at peak hour because the Kurama Line, with a limited track capacity, is a single track between Nikenchaya Station (Kyoto Prefecture) and stations to the north of Nikenchaya Station.
- 以後、内大臣には主として摂関家の若手公卿に摂政・関白就任資格を付与するための任命、宿老もしくは功績多大な公卿に対する礼遇のための任命、単に筆頭大納言に相当する公卿への待遇が「3番目の大臣(太政大臣を除く)」に改められた任命、武家政権の長あるいはそれに次ぐ地位の者に対して与えられる任命の4つに分けられるようになる。
- After that, appointments to Naidaijin mostly fell into the following four categories: appointments given to young nobles from the Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), which would qualify them to become Sessho Kanpaku (regent and chief adviser to the Emperor); appointments given as a reward to a shukuro (chief vassal) or noble with significant achievements; appointments given simply as a plum job for nobles at the level of head dainagon (a chief councilor of state) who would then become the 'third Minister' (with the exception of the Daijo-daijin [grand minister of state]); or appointments given to the head of the samurai government or in a position to succeed him.
- 京都方面から京阪宇治線方面への直通運転を考えれば、この駅でスイッチバックするよりも、伏見区の中心地に位置する北隣の伏見桃山駅からそのまま分岐した方が合理的と思われがちだが、同駅南側には既に民家などが密集していて、それを立ち退かせる費用や立ち退き対象の世帯の交渉が煩雑になることなどから、現在の形に至った経緯がある。
- Considering the operation of through-service from the Kyoto area to the area along the Keihan Uji Line, it is supposed that it may be better to branch the line at Fushimi-momoyama Station, located in the center of Fushimi Ward and immediately north of this station, instead of switching back trains at this station, but the following reasons exist for using the present system: private houses and other buildings are already dense on the south side of Fushimi-momoyama Station, and there exist the cost-related problems of moving these houses and the negotiations for the movement would become complicated.
- 戦後の歴史学において、悪党は封建領主のなかで位置づけられていたが、網野善彦、佐藤進一らが社会的基盤を農業以外に置く手工業民や芸能民などに着目した中世史像を提示すると、悪党の存在もそれらと関連付けて論じられるようになり、20世紀末からは海津一朗らによって元寇や徳政令等の社会変動における悪党の位置づけが試みられている。
- In historical science after the war, akuto was positioned among feudal lords, but when Yoshihiko AMINO, Shinichi SATO, etc. introduced a picture of medieval history focused on craftsmen and entertainers whose social foundations were not agricultural, akuto was discussed in connection with them, and from the end of the 20th century, Ichiro KAIZU and others were attempting to position akuto in the context of social change such as genko and Tokuseirei (ordering return of land sold and dissolution of debts).
- 特急を通勤特急に、快速急行を快速特急に、急行を快速急行に、快速を急行に改称の上で南茨木にも停車させ、特急は停車駅を快速特急よりも多く快速急行よりも少なくして、各優等列車の停車駅を従来のほぼ2倍にし、特急を事実上それまでの急行と同等の列車にした(この点については2007年の淡路駅の追加停車でその様相がさらに色濃くなった)。
- The following points were changed: the denomination of limited express was changed to Commuter Limited Express, rapid express to rapid limited express, express to rapid express and rapid to express, respectively; express was made to stop at Minami-ibaraki Station; limited express would have more stops than rapid limited express but fewer stops than rapid express; each type of higher-category train would have nearly twice as many stops as before; limited express became practically the same grade as the former express (this characteristic became more clear when Awaji Station was designated as an additional stop in 2007).
- 生駒~学研奈良登美ヶ丘間の開業後は運転区間が延びることから所要時間を短縮するため、最高速度を第三軌条方式を採用している鉄道路線ではそれまでの70km/hから日本国内最高となる95km/hとし、これに先立ち行われた2006年3月21日のダイヤ変更時から旧東大阪線の区間も最高速度が70km/hから95km/hに引き上げられた。
- Consequent upon the increase in the length of the line due to the start of operations between Ikoma Station and Gakken-Nara-Tomigaoka Station, the maximum train speed was increased, to shorten the traveling time, to 95 km/h from 70 km/h, the highest speed in Japan for train lines using the third-rail system, and before executing the speed change the maximum train speed in the portion corresponding to the former Higashi-Osaka line was also increased from 70 km/h to 95 km/h on March 21, 2006, when the train schedule was changed.
- 京阪線から琵琶湖線・湖西線方面はかつては三条駅から京阪京津線に乗り換え、山科駅(京阪山科駅)で琵琶湖線・湖西線に乗り換えるのが普通だったが、京津線の御陵駅以西廃止、京都市営地下鉄東西線開通以降は運賃が高くなったことから、七条駅 - 京都駅の徒歩乗り換えに切り替えた人もいると思われる(それでも、市バスでの両駅間相互連絡は一応ある)。
- To go to a destination on either the Biwako Line or the Kosei Line via the Keihan Line, the usual route in the past was to transfer to the Keihan Keishin Line at Sanjo Station and change again at Yamashina Station (Keihan Yamashina Line) to the Biwako Line or Kosei Line; however, as operations west of Goryo Station on the Keishin Line were discontinued and fares hiked after the Kyoto Municipal Subway Tozai Line began operations, it is assumed that some users have chosen to walk the distance between Shichijo Station and Kyoto Station (nevertheless, city buses continue to operate between the two stations).
- 1992年に新幹線400系電車を新造し、山形新幹線として奥羽本線の福島駅 (福島県) - 山形駅が、1997年に新幹線E3系電車を新造し、秋田新幹線として田沢湖線・奥羽本線の盛岡駅 - 秋田駅が、1999年に新幹線E3系電車1000番台を増備し、山形新幹線の延伸として奥羽本線の山形駅 - 新庄駅が、それぞれ順次営業運転を開始した。
- In 1992, 400 series Shinkansen train-cars were manufactured and the Yamagata Shinkansen line started operation between Fukushima Station (located in Fukushima Prefecture) and Yamagata Station of the Ou main line; In 1997, E3 series Shinkansen train-cars were manufactured and the Akita Shinkansen line started operation between Morioka Station and Akita Station on the Tazawako line and the Ou main line; in 1999, E3 series 1000 - 1999 Shinkansen train-cars were manufactured additionally and the section between Yamagata Station and Shinjo Station of the Ou main line started operation as an extension of the Yamagata Shinkansen.
- 関西鉄道への合併後、用地が狭いために一時は放出駅から路線を分岐させる形で近隣に設けられた網島駅へ旅客扱いを譲り、貨物駅となったこともあったが、国有化後に城東線(現在の大阪環状線)の京橋駅に隣接するようにして設けられた片町駅京橋口を京橋駅として分離し、それと入れ替わる形で網島駅を廃止したため、片町線の起点駅としての地位に落ち着いた。
- After merging with Kansei Railway Company, it had once transferred, due to the narrow site of the station, the operation of passenger service to Amijima Station, which was constructed nearby by making the line diverge from Hanaten Station and become a freight station; however, after nationalization it eventually became the terminal station of the Katamachi Line because the Kyobashi exit of the Katamachi Station, which was constructed adjacent to Kyobashi Station of the Joto Line (Osaka Loop Line), became the independent Kyobashi Station and Amijima Station was abolished instead.
- この習性は近世になり、産業革命による信仰の重要度の低下と、情報伝達手段が発達したことによって薄れていったが、それでも、本来、キリスト教の要素である十字架が一般に「聖なる物」として認知されたり、月(特に新月、イスラーム)、六紡星(ユダヤ教)といった要素を「人知を越えた存在の象徴」としてとらえたりするなどといった文化的な形で残っている。
- In the medieval period, this custom was disappearing because belief was getting less important due to the industrial revolution and progress in means of information transmission, but the custom lasts in a cultural way like the cross as an essence of Christianity has been generally recognized as 'sacrament' and essences such as the moon (particularly, new moon and Islam) and Rokubosei (Hexagram) (Judaism) have been regarded as 'a symbol of existence beyond human wisdoms.'
- 本来は員外配置である「権職(ごんのしょく)」(律令本来の定めにはない運用法で、当初の実態は該当職務を行わないにもかかわらず該当職と同等の待遇とする暫定名誉職位で、正式な○○職任命者以外に任命された『権(ごんの)○○』と呼称する○○職待遇のことであったが、後に常設化されると正職官と同等かそれに近い権限を持つようになった)が、常態化された。
- Gon no shoku' (a staffing practice not prescribed in the ritsuryo while in reality, 'gon no shoku' did not initially perform any of the corresponding duties, it was set up as an honorary interim job title having the status of 'Gon no X' when assigned to someone other than a formal appointee for that job and later when it was made a permanent post, it had the authority equivalent or close to that of the official position) was made a permanent position.
- 前述のようにJR東西線を介して片町線とは木津(ただし、木津発は早朝の木津発西明石行1本のみで、早朝の一部を除けば松井山手駅始発・終着)まで、JR宝塚線(福知山線)とは篠山口駅(ただし、篠山口発は夜間の高槻行き(休日は京都まで延長)1本のみ。早朝、朝ラッシュ時、深夜の一部を除く大半は新三田始発・終着)まで、それぞれ直通運転を実施している。
- As mentioned above, direct trains run to the Kizu Station of the Katamachi Line via the JR Tozai Line (only one train departs from the Kizu Station to Nishi-Akashi Station in the early morning, and others depart from and arrive at Matsuiyamate Station) as well as to the Sasayamaguchi Station of the JR Takarazuka Line (Fukuchiyama Line) (only one train bound for Takatsuki (for Kyoto on holidays) departs from Sasayamaguchi Station at night and most other trains depart from and arrive at Shin-Sanda Station, except those in the early morning, morning rush hour, and in the middle of the night).
- しかし、優先座席の設置箇所は基本的に各車両の「梅田を前方としたときの最後尾座席」であるのだが、運転台、もしくは運転台跡が存在する車両はそれらの逆側の座席となっており、中間に運転台およびその廃止改造を行った車両が含まれる編成(神戸線の8032Fなど)だと、優先座席が車両によって前の方にあったり後ろの方にあったりとあまり統一されていないという懸念がある。
- However, there still is a concern that, although the 'priority seats' are basically set as 'the seats that shall be the most posterior part of the car when heading toward Umeda Station,' it is not well unified among the cars because, in the cars with the driver's platform or the vacant space remaining after the platform was removed, the priority seats are set just on the opposite side of it, and when the fleet includes such a car in the middle (like 8032F of the Kobe Line), the priority seat position is sometimes in the anterior part or other times in the posterior part.
- 1947年の学校教育法制定と1949年の国立学校設置法により、東京高師は文理大と合併し東京教育大学に、広島高等師範学校は広島女子高等師範学校とともに広島文理科大学 (旧制)、広島高等学校 (旧制)、広島工業専門学校 (旧制)等と合併し広島大学に、東京・奈良両女高師は大学に昇格しそれぞれお茶の水女子大学と奈良女子大学に、金沢高等師範学校は金沢大学教育学部になった。
- By the Enactment of School Education Law in 1947 and National School Establishment Law in 1949, Tokyo Higher Normal School and University of Arts and Sciences amalgamated into Tokyo University of Education, Hiroshima Higher Normal School was amalgamated with various institutions including Hiroshima Women's Higher Normal School, Hiroshima University of Arts and Science (old-system), Hiroshima High School (old-system), Hiroshima Technical College (old-system) and promoted to Hiroshima University, further both Tokyo and Nara Women's Higher Normal Schools were promoted to universities, Ochanomizu University and Nara Women's University, respectively and Kanazawa Higher Normal School became Kanazawa University of Education.
- 『花山院家記』には良房の猶子藤原基経が守護神として祀ったものと記すが、上掲『土右記』には師成の話の続きとして、「昭宣公(基経)の身分がまだ低かった時分、数人の童に捕まり杖で打たれている狐を見かけたので、それを乞い受けて解放すると、夢中にその狐が現れて、住む場所を賜れば火難などの災害を除く力になると誓ったので、現鎮座地をあてがって宗像神の眷属とした」と載せている。
- In 'the family record of the Kazanin family,' it is written that the shrine was enshrined by FUJIWARA no Mototsune, an adopted child of Yoshifusa, as an guardian god, but in 'Doyuki' above, the following story was recorded as a continued story by Moronari; when Shosenko (posthumous name as Daijo Daijin), Mototsune, was in a low position, he saw a fox being beaten by several people so he asked them to give the fox to him and he released it, and the fox appeared in his dream and pledged to remove disasters such as fire if he gave it a place to live, so he gave the fox the present place of enshrinement and made it as a kenzoku (messenger of the gods) of the Munakata deity.
- 畿内の中小豪族や地方豪族では、旧来の延長上の氏神信仰が行われてきたが、平安時代後期に荘園公領制が成立して、父子間の所領・財産継承が行われるようになると、各氏族の氏神崇拝の従来のあり方が崩れていき、次第に「家」単位での所領経営が行われるようになるとそれぞれの所領の地縁神もしくは出身地の産土神を氏神とするようになり、その混同が進行するとともに各地に新たな氏社が成立するようになった。
- In small or medium scaled powerful families in the Kinai area and among local powerful families, ujigami was believed to be an extension of the conventional belief, however, in the late Heian period when the shoen-koryo system (a manor and public territory system) was established and the handing down of territories and properties between fathers and children became common, the conventional manner of ujigami worship in each clan collapsed and, when territory management by 'family' as a unit gradually became common, chien-gami god (the locally connected god) of each territory or ubutsuchi-gami god (soil producing god) of one's home town was worshipped as ujigami and, as this confusion advanced, new ujigami were established in various places.
- 霜月神楽の方法はそれぞれの地域・神社によって差異はあるものの基本的には儀式に先立って特定の川や滝から汲んだ水を釜で沸かした湯を神前に供えて、祈祷の湯立を行った後に参加者に振り掛けることで祓禊となし、招待神の名前が書かれた神名帳を読上げるところから始まり、前夜の素面による採物舞の神招き、神讃めの願上、夜半の招待神の神送り、直会(なおらい)、後夜の鬼や翁などの面形舞の神遊び、祝福の式の順序で行われる。
- Though the style of Shimotsuki kagura varies from one region or shrine to another, it is basically conducted in the following order: prior to the ceremony, water drawn from a specific river or waterfall is boiled in a large pot and offered before the gods; after the yudate prayer, participants are splashed with hot water purify them; the kagura then begins with the reading of a list of invited deities; before midnight, the unmasked Torimonomai (dance of symbolic offerings) is performed; prayers are offered in praise of the deities; the invited gods are seen off at midnight; a naorai (feast) is held; after midnight is the Kamiasobi (kagura), with the dancers wearing Oni (demon) or Okina (old man) masks; a blessing ceremony is held.
- 古事記の説話的部分が概ね武烈天皇のあたりで終わっておりその後はほとんど系譜のみの記述となること、また日本書紀の記述もこのあたりで大きく性格が変わり、具体的な日時をあまり含まない説話的な記述を中心としたものからきちんと日時の入った記録をもとにした記述中心に変わっていると見られる等の理由から「旧辞」の内容はこのあたりで終わり、その後まもなくそれまでもともと口承で伝えられてきた「旧辞」が6世紀ころに文書化されたものであると考えた。
- Since the narrative part of Kojiki ends around the description of Emperor Buretsu and the rest of the description was almost solely about genealogy and the description of Nihonshoki also changes its nature hugely at around this point from the mostly narrative description with few specific dates to the description mostly based on the records with dates, he regarded the contents of 'Kyuji' to have ended around this, and that 'Kyuji,' which had been handed down orally, was documented in the 6th century right after that.
- その要素は自然崇拝・精霊崇拝(アニミズム)または、その延長線上にある先祖崇拝としての命・御魂・霊・神などの不可知な物質ではない生命の本質としてのものの概念や、常世(とこよ・神の国や天国や地獄)と現世(うつしよ・人の国や現実世界)からなる世界観と禁足地や神域の存在とそれぞれを隔てる端境とその往来を妨げる結界や、祈祷・占い(シャーマニズム)による祈願祈念とその結果による政(まつりごと)の指針、国の創世と人の創世の神話の発生があげられる。
- Its major tenets are worship of nature and of the dead (animism), and also emphasizes an extended understanding of and respect for the lives, souls, and gods of one's ancestors, conceiving of these things as the essence of life, and whose material substance it is possible to know; it also views existence as divided between the Tokoyo (the spiritual world, the realm of gods, heaven and hell) and the Utsushiyo (this world, the realm of human beings), and also affirms the existence of Kinsokuchi, places where gods dwell (within whose hallowed borders one may not enter), as well as barriers that prevent crossing between the realms, and the efficacy of prayers and fortune-telling (shamanism), including in the determining of government policy, and finally in the creation of a mythology of the world and of human beings.
- このため、路線形状の都合から当時の繁華街である四条河原町地域からは遠く離れた京都市でも南の地域、即ち七条通 - 八条通付近に京都駅は設置されたが、それ以外にも用地買収の楽な寂れた地域(四条通に沿って建設する事は用地買収面以外にも、祇園地区において八坂神社などの境内に当たる事や周辺の伝統的な家屋の立ち退きを伴う事などから、市民感情から考えても猛反発を受けた可能性が高かったと見られる)だったというのが、この土地を選択した要因になったといわれている。
- Thus it is said that, owing to this favorable route setup, Kyoto Station was constructed in the southern area of Kyoto City, around Shichijo-dori Street and Hachijo-dori Street, although this area was far from the Shijo-Kawaramachi area, a prominent center of the time. However, another reason for the selection could be that the area was underdeveloped at the time and it was easy to acquire the site (if it had been constructed along the Shijo-dori Street, the acquisition of the land would have met strong emotional opposition from the citizens in addition to the difficulties in purchasing it, because railroading should have been carried out in the Gion District, which has many temples and shrines such as Yasaka-jinja Shrine, and the traditional houses in the vicinity should have been removed).
- 同時期の国鉄では、電車や電気機関車でも120km/h超過の速度試験が行われていたが、こちらは営業運転とほぼ同等の条件で実施され、また欧米系の最新電気鉄道技術を採用した阪和電気鉄道や新京阪鉄道といった関西私鉄では、戦前の段階で既に120km/h超の高速運転が営業列車で恒常的に(それも鉄道省が国鉄の最高運転速度以上の速度を認可しないことを見越して、届けを出さないままに)実施されていたことが知られており、日本の鉄道技術、ことに蒸気機関車設計技術の立ち遅れは明白であった。
- JNR at that time was also performing speed tests at a speed of more than 120 km/h on electric trains and electric locomotives, but these tests were performed under conditions almost equal to those of commercial operation, and moreover, Kansai private railroad companies including the Hanwa Electric Railway and New Keihan Railway, which adopted the newest Western electric railroad technology, were known to have constantly been performing high speed driving at 120 km/h during the prewar period on their commercial trains (without filing, knowing that the Ministry of Railways would not permit speeds over maximum driving speed of JNR), which made it clear that the Japanese railroad technology, especially that of steam locomotive designing was lagging behind.
- この過程で、振動を抑制し、乗り心地改善と高速運転に資する「カルダン駆動方式」と高速対応の新型台車、床面シャーシだけでなく側板や天井にも応力を分散させた「全金属製軽量車体」、全車両にモーターを搭載して加速力を高める「全電動車方式」、反応速度が速い上に取り扱いが容易な「電磁直通ブレーキ機構」、制御装置1台を2両の電動車で共用して軽量化やコストダウンを実現する「1C8M方式(MMユニット方式)」など、それ以前の電車とは一線を画する重要な革新的技術が、1953年からわずか数年の間に実用化されて普及した。
- In this process, important innovative technologies, clearly different from those in previous train-cars, as described in the following, came to be practically used only during several years from 1953: The new train-car base supporting high-speeds in addition to 'the Cardan driving method,' which enabled the suppression of vibration and contributed to making passengers feel more comfortable and to enabling high-speed operations, 'all-metal light body train-cars,' which enabled stress to be distributed to side plates and ceilings as well as floor chassis, 'the method of electrifying every train-car,' in which every train-car was equipped with an electric motor to increase acceleration performances, 'the electromagnetic straight brake mechanism,' which provided quick response abilities and allowed it to be handled easily, and 'the 1C8M method (MM unit method),' in which a control unit was shared by two electric power train-cars, contributing to reducing cost and to making the car bodies lighter.
- 東京では三度に分けて企業合同が行われた結果、大和自動車交通・日本交通 (東京都)・帝都自動車交通・国際自動車の4社に集約され、また大阪では相互タクシー・澤タクシー(現:日本交通 (大阪))・信興タクシー(現:三菱タクシー)・大阪交通(現:国際興業大阪)・都島自動車の5社に、名古屋は名鉄交通(名タク)・東和交通・名古屋相互交通(現:第一交通産業)の3社に、横浜・川崎は東横タクシー(現:神奈川都市交通)に、神戸は神姫合同自動車(現:神姫バス)・神戸タクシー(現在の国際興業神戸)の2社にそれぞれ集約された。
- While, as a result of three-time corporate coalitions in Tokyo, the major companies were integrated into four companies: Daiwa Motor Transportation Co., Ltd., Nihon Kotsu Co., Ltd. (Tokyo), Teito Jidousha Kotsu Co., Ltd., and Kokusai Motorcars Co., Ltd.; in Osaka, these were integrated into five companies: Sogotaxi Co., Ltd., Sawa taxi (present day Nihon Kotsu Co., Ltd. in Osaka Prefecture), Shinko taxi (present day Mitsubishi Taxi Group), Osaka Kotsu (present day Kokusai Kogyo Osaka), and Miyakojima Jidosha; in Nagoya, these were integrated into three companies: Meitetsu Kotsu (Mei-taku), Towa Taxi, and Nagoya Sogo Kotsu (present day Daiichi Koutsu Sangyo Co., Ltd.); in Yokohama and Kawasaki, these were integrated into Toyoko taxi (present day Kanagawa Toshikoutsu Limited); and in Kobe, these were integrated into two companies: Shinki Godo Jidosha Kabushikigaisha (present day Shinki Bus) and Kobe taxi (present day Kokusai Kougyou Kobe K.K.).
- そして、鉄道施設の完成後、京都高速鉄道が日本鉄道建設公団から25年間の分割払いで鉄道施設を譲り受け、京都市交通局に貸与し、京都市交通局が醍醐~二条間を一体的に運営することになり、1987年4月1日の国鉄分割民営化によって、それまでの「地方鉄道法」が廃止され、新たに「鉄道事業法」が施行されたことによって、京都市交通局が醍醐~御陵間と三条京阪~二条間の第一種鉄道事業者、御陵~三条京阪間の第二種鉄道事業者となり、京都高速鉄道が御陵~三条京阪間の第三種鉄道事業者となったことから、京阪電気鉄道も第二種鉄道事業者という経営形態が確立されたため、京津線の御陵~三条間の旅客営業を廃止せず、京都市交通局とともに京都高速鉄道から鉄道施設を借り受け、同区間の地下化、ルート変更する形で旅客営業を継続してはどうかと再検討されたが、諸経費などの絡みで既定方針どおりとなった。
- After the subway facilities were completed, Kyoto Kosoku Railway Co., Ltd., bought the subway facilities from the Japan Railway Construction Public Corporation using a 25-year installment plan in order to lend them to the Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau, which would in turn operate the section between Daigo and Nijo integrally, and accordingly the Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau became a Type I Railway Business Operator for the sections between Daigo and Misasagi and between Sanjo-keihan and Nijo, as well as a Type II Railway Business Operator for the section between Misasagi and Sanjo-keihan, while Kyoto Kosoku Railway Co., Ltd., became a Type Ⅲ Railway Business Operator for the section between Misasagi and Sanjo-keihan based on the Railway Business Act, which had taken effect after the abolishment of the old local railway law when Japanese National Railways was split and privatized on April 1, 1987, whereby Keihan Electric Railway was also positioned as a Type II Railway Business Operator; therefore, the idea of continuing passenger services in the section between Misasagi and Sanjo on the Keishin Line, borrowing the subway facilities from Kyoto Kosoku Railway Co., Ltd., in cooperation with Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau to underground and change the route of the relevant section was re-examined; however, the parties involved decided to follow the established policy due to overhead expenses.