うち: 1000 Terms and Phrases
- いつかそのうち
- one of these days
- before very long
- in the near future
- manana
- 少忠(しょうちゅう)
- Shochu (Junior inspector, third highest of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo period)
- 同志のうち最年長者。
- The oldest member of the group.
- 法名は通智(つうち)。
- His Buddhist name was Tsuchi.
- 勘平「暫しがうちの足休め
- Kanpei: Let's rest our feet.
- うち182名が起訴された。
- And 182 of them were charged.
- 唐招提寺うちわまき(5月)
- Uchiwamaki (fan-throwing festival) at Toshodai-ji Temple (May)
- 小智 (しょうち)(薄黒■)
- Shochi (Lesser Knowledge) (grey)
- うち3名は少納言を兼任した。
- Three of them were also appointed as Shonagon (lesser councilor of state).
- 全50巻(うち36巻が現存)。
- The commentary is a 50-volume collection (36 of them are still in existence).
- うち漢朝部は『古事談』に無い。
- Among these volume, only 'The Han Dynasty' does not exist in the 'Kojidan.'
- 和訓は「うちのくらのつかさ」。
- It is read 'Uchinokura no tsukasa' in Japanese.
- 褂(うちき):表衣の下に着る服。
- Uchiki: a gown worn under the upper garment.
- 和訓は「うちそめもののつかさ」。
- The Japanese way of reading is 'Uchisomemono no tsukasa.'
- 花魁道中(おいらん どうちゅう)
- Oiran dochu
- 全六巻のうち、現存本は巻三を欠く。
- Originally consisting of six volumes, it is presently missing the third volume.
- 和名は「うちのかしわでのつかさ」。
- The Japanese reading is 'Uchinokashiwade no tsukasa.'
- 鬼打豆 (歌舞伎)(おにうちまめ)
- Oni Uchimame
- 上記のうち特に日本で発達したもの。
- Of those mentioned above, those developed in Japan is especially described here.
- 『お伽草紙』もそのうちの一つである。
- 'Otogizoshi' was one of them.
- そのうちの半数は頭部に集中していた。
- Half of the wounds were concentrated upon his head.
- 特別名勝:名勝のうち特に重要なもの。
- Special Places of Scenic Beauty: especiallyimportant ones as places of scenic beauty
- 特別史跡:史跡のうち特に重要なもの。
- Special Historic Sites: especiallyimportant ones as historic sites.
- 小袿(こうちぎ)は日本の衣服の1つ。
- Kouchigi is one of Japanese clothing.
- 「あなたと会わずに過ごしているうちに」
- In the time I spent not seeing you'
- このうち日本語教育が400時間を占めた。
- Japanese education occupied 400 hours of this.
- しかし、そのうちに血を吐いて苦しみだす。
- However, in a while, he vomits blood and starts agonizing.
- しかし、子が幼少のうちに彦主人王は薨去。
- However, the young son, while still a child of early years, lost his father Hikoushio, who faced Kokyo (death of a man of upper than Third Rank).
- ワキ方五流のうちではもっとも後発である。
- It has started the latest among Five styles of Waki-kata.
- 敵討襤褸錦(かたきうち つづれ にしき)
- Katakiuchi Tuzureno Nishiki (Splendid revenge by the man who wore rag)
- もゝだちとり、二三人だうのうちへ入申候。
- もゝだちとり、二三人だうのうちへ入申候。
- このうち日高支庁は範囲が日高国と一致する。
- Of these, the area of the Hidaka Subprefecture accords with that of the Hidaka Province.
- (2年後諸兄は失意のうちに75歳で死去)。
- (Moroe died with disappointment two years later at the age of 75.)
- 宮城の12の門のうち最も重要な門であった。
- Out of the twelve palace gates, Suzakumon was the most important.
- 有名な博打うちで賽の目を思い通りに出せる。
- He can roll a dice and make it show any number he likes.
- 通二経(長期学習者のうち優秀者の官人採用)
- Tsunikyo (employing excellent long-term learners as government officials)
- そうこうしているうちに、西行の夢が覚めた。
- In the meantime, Saigyo awoke from his dream.
- お沢の2人の遺児のうちの長男で与兵衛の兄。
- He is Osawa's eldest son, and Yohei's older brother.
- 松風(まつかぜ)は、マツ林にうちつける風。
- '松風' (Matsukaze) literally means the wind blowing against the forest of pine trees.
- 八玉(やつだま):品玉のうち、玉を飛ばす芸。
- Yatsudama (literally eight balls): it is a variation of shinadama, and a man juggles with balls.
- 世阿弥の残した21種の伝書のうち最初の作品。
- It is the first of 21 densho (books of secrets) Zeami left behind.
- 14日のうちに、軽皇子は壇に登って即位した。
- On June 14 Prince Karu stepped onto the stage and assumed the throne.
- 日本の皇族のうち親王宣下をうけた男子の皇族。
- In the Japanese Imperial family, it is the male members who has been given the title of Imperial prince.
- このうち詞牌は100調くらいであったという。
- Chief among Ci-hai are roughly estimated at 100 tunes.
- このうち、史家の多くは第一の助六を否定する。
- Most of historians deny the first opinion.
- その浪士組のうち、京に残った派が新選組結成。
- Of the Roshi-gumi, those who remained in Kyoto established Shinsen-gumi.
- そのうちの山鳩湯は、成分の多い濁り湯で有名。
- Yamabatoyu hot spring is famous as an opaque hot spring which includes many constituents.
- くびハうちすてと申候まゝ、だうの下へなげ入、
- くびハうちすてと申候まゝ、だうの下へなげ入、
- このうち物部は、主として警察的任務に当たった。
- Monobes were assigned police duties mainly.
- 「王」は、倭の五王のうちの一人とみるのが通説。
- The 'king' is generally considered one of the five kings of Wa (ancient name of Japan).
- 律令のうち令のみが制定・施行されたものである。
- Of the ritsu (the penal code) and ryo codes, only the ryo code was established and put in force.
- 乾漆八部衆像(興福寺、8体のうち阿修羅が著名)
- The dry lacquer statues of Eight Guardians: enshrined in Kofuku-ji Temple, and the statue of Ashura (Bellicose Demon) is most famous of the eight
- 租米(そまい):田租のうち中央へ運ばれるもの。
- Somai: bundles of rice carried to the Imperial court among the denso (rice field tax).
- そのうちに熱意のないものは来なくなっていった。
- Before long, those who are not so enthusiastic stop visiting.
- 国家学説のうちに、国家法人説というものがある。
- The Theory of the State includes the state authority theory.
- 熱いうちに巻き簾(まきす)で巻いて形を整える。
- It is rolled in makisu ('sushi mat', bamboo mat used in food preparation) while it is hot in order to arrange its shape.
- 百人一首の100枚の札のうち50枚を使用する。
- 50 cards out of 100 cards from the karuta of Hyakunin Isshu are used.
- うち「大宮」を冠称する町名は以下の通りである。
- Of the towns above, those prefixed by 'Omiya' are listed as follows.
- 愛宕山 (落語) - 落語の演目のうちの一つ。
- Atagoyama (rakugo (Japanese traditional comic storytelling)) - A program of rakugo
- このうち山本は捜索を理由に同大を免職となった。
- Because of this searching YAMAMOTO was dismissed from the University.
- ちなみに戸籍のうち姓氏などは治部省の管轄である。
- By the way, Jibu-sho (Ministry of Civil Administration) handled family registers related to family names and other items.
- 師長は忠実に書簡を贈って自身の嘆きをうちあける。
- Moronaga sends a letter to Tadazane confessing his lamentation in it.
- 賀茂真淵述「古今和歌集打聴」(うちぎぎ)を校訂。
- He edited 'Kokin Wakashu Uchigigi (An Annotation of the Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry,' from the lectures of KAMO no Mabuchi.
- 特別天然記念物:天然記念物のうち特に重要なもの。
- Special Natural Monuments: especiallyimportant natural monuments
- 選者の詠進歌(選歌を選出する選者のうち代表1人)
- A poem written by a selector (a representative selector of selected poems)
- 打衣(うちぎぬ)は、十二単で着用する着物の一つ。
- Uchiginu is one kimono of many kimonos forming juni-hitoe (twelve-layered ceremonial kimono).
- 日本では「松竹梅(しょうちくばい)」と呼ばれる。
- In Japan, it is called 'shochikubai' (pine, bamboo and plum trees).
- うち中堂寺、朱雀、東塩小路は現在の下京区に属す。
- Among these Oaza, Chudoji, Suzaku and Higashi Shiokoji belong to the current Shimogyo Ward.
- 新たに左右の大臣2人と内臣(うちのおみ)を置いた。
- Two ministers, left and right, and Naishin (government post) were established anew.
- 大阪府堺市に方違神社(ほうちがいじんじゃ)がある。
- Hochigai-jinja Shrine is located in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture.
- うち一部が中華人民共和国越州窯のものと同定される。
- It was confirmed that some of the fragments were baked at the Esshu kiln, China.
- ろ号券 戊号券のうち「ろ」で始まる記号があるもの。
- Rogo-ken Notes: it has signs that started with 'Ro' of Igo-ken Notes.
- 律令では皇族の男子のうち親王宣下のない者を指した。
- In the Ritsuryo codes, it referred to sons of the Imperial family who were not given the title of Imperial Prince.
- うち450万円が政府の一般会計から支出されていた。
- Of this twenty five million yen, four million five hundred thousand yen was paid out of the government's general account.
- 「今日のうちに能登の国まで行こうとしているのに。」
- We are trying to go to Noto Province by today.'
- 天寿国曼荼羅繍帳(てんじゅこくまんだらしゅうちょう)
- Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho
- 出土した石器のうち打製石器が大きな割合を占めている。
- Most stone tools excavated from the site were simpler ones shaped by chipping or flaking.
- このうち、飯尾氏は後に足利将軍家に執事として仕えた。
- Among them, the Inoo clan served as shitsuji (a steward) of the Ashikaga shogunal family.
- 最初のうちは大友氏の内訌等もあり、島津氏優勢に進行。
- In the beginning, the Shimazu clan had the advantage with problems in the Otomo clan, etc.
- そこで、勝敗が決しないうちに蓬原・井俣村に退却した。
- Therefore, the troop retreated to Futsuhara and Imata Village before the battle was decided.
- 平城京の造営工事はきわめて短期間のうちに遂行された。
- Construction work for Heijokyo was carried out in an extremely short time period.
- 20歳を過ぎた浮舟は、そのうちの左近少将と婚約した。
- Soon after reaching the age of 20, Ukifune got engaged to Sakon no shosho (deputy minister of the institution for guarding the Emperor).
- 武士団の構成員のうち惣領と血縁関係がある分家や庶子。
- They are branch family members and child born out of wedlock who had blood relationship with soryo (heir) among the members of bushidan.
- この9名のうち、8名は薩摩藩・長州藩の出身者だった。
- Out of these nine, eight hailed from the domains of Satsuma and Choshu.
- 勝見も同年内に5本の作品を製作、うち4本を監督した。
- Katsumi also produced five films during that year, directing four of them.
- 七世元忠から二十五世元正までのうち、11人が名乗る。
- From the 7th generation headman Mototada through the 25th generation headman Motomasa, 11 headmen used this name.
- そのうちの一人が北陸地方に逃れて源義仲に助けられる。
- One of them, however, was able to flee into the Hokuriku region and was helped by MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka.
- このうち西遊歩道は坂が緩やかで一番上りに適している。
- Of these three paths, the west path has a gentle slope, so, it is the most suitable for climbing up.
- 陰陽師安倍晴明もこのうちの天文博士に任命されている。
- The Onmyoji ABE no Seimei was assigned to one of the institution's Tenmon Hakase.
- このうち、念珠関・白河関・勿来関を「奥羽三関」という。
- Among these various barriers, the Nezumigaseki, Shirakawa, and Nakoso Barriers were known as the 'Big Three Barriers of the Ou region' (Mutsu and Dewa).
- それを知った盟主である足利義澄が失意のうちに病死する。
- Moreover, Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA, the leader of the alliance, learned of the situation and died from an illness in despair.
- 混乱のうちに宝暦7年(1757年)に藩札は廃止された。
- Amid social unrest, han bills were abolished in 1757.
- このうち3冊は別に筆写され『上記副本』として残された。
- Three of them were copied separately and left as 'Uetsufumi Duplicate book'.
- このうち一番問題になったのは、上から3番目の項である。
- The most controversial question was the third question.
- - 味経宮に行って賀正礼を行い、その日のうちに帰った。
- - He went to Ajifu no Miya Palace to perform the New Year's Greetings and returned home within the day.
- 旧皇統譜令の規定のうち、現行の主な規定は、以下の通り。
- Of all provisions of the old Kotofu Rei, those still existing are as follows.
- 堀内家(ほりのうちけ)は代々表千家の宗匠を務める茶家。
- The Horinouchi family (Horinouchi-ke) were a hereditary tea family who served as tea masters under the Omotesenke for many generations.
- 家老6名のうち2名が処刑、さらに2名が切腹させられた。
- Out of six chief retainers, two were executed and two were forced to commit seppuku (hara-kiri).
- 新薬師寺(奈良市)十二神将立像(うち1躯は昭和期の補作)
- The standing statues of Juni-shinsho (Twelve Heavenly Generals) at Shin-Yakushi-ji Temple (Nara City), one of which was altered during the Showa Period (1926-1989)
- 「倭の五王」のうちの倭王武は、雄略天皇に比定されている。
- Waobu, one of the so-called 'the five kings of Wa', is identified as Emperor Yuryaku.
- このうち、時代の変遷をもっともよく示す遺物が土器である。
- Among others, the pottery shows the transition of historical stages more vividly than anything else.
- 町打(ちょううち)、角打、船打および下ケ矢などがあった。
- There were chouchi (long-distance shooting practice), short-range shooting practice, shooting practice on board, shimogaya (downward shooting practice from a high place), etc.
- 京都府には、287件が指定されている(うち国宝48件)。
- In Kyoto Prefecture, 287 buildings and structures have been designated (including 48 national treasures).
- 戦死傷者は38万人、うち死亡者8万7,983人に及んだ。
- Out of the 380,000 casualties, 87,983 soldiers were killed in action.
- そのうち、貴人は連歌師の里村紹巴の名を呼び、話をさせた。
- After a while, the nobleman calls Rengashi (linked-verse poet) Joha SATOMURA and has him tell a story.
- 関東はそのうち、享徳の乱によって乱れに乱れることになる。
- Before long, the Kyotoku no Ran War (the turmoil of the Kyotoku War) takes place in the Kanto region, and the peace is disturbed.
- 田子の浦にうち出でてみれば白妙の富士の高嶺に雪は降りつつ
- Tago no ura ni uchi idete mireba shirotae no fuji no takane ni yuki ha furi tsutsu (When I am walking along the Tago coast, I can see the snow falling on the lofty peak of Mt. Fuji).
- 配流された者の数3394名、うち662名が命を落とした。
- 3394 people were exiled, out of which 662 people lost their lives.
- 旧洞村は雑木のうちに遺構としてその痕跡を残すのみである。
- The previous Hora Village only remains as structural remnants in the miscellaneous small trees.
- このうち多賀城、秋田城などは山城といっていい立地である。
- Among those castles, Taga-jo castle and Akita-jo castle are located high enough to be considered as Yamashiro castles.
- このうち近江牛は和牛の 90% を占める黒毛和種である。
- Among those beef brands, Omigyu is a Japanese black beef brand that accounts for 90% of wagyu.
- 風除報賽祭は、宇佐神宮に伝わる多くの祭事のうちのひとつ。
- Fujo hosai festival is one of many festival passed down in Usa-jingu Shrine.
- 明治25年(1892年)、下京第32学区のうちとなった。
- In 1892, it was included in Shimogyo school district No. 32.
- 左京区に属するのはそのうちの第27及び第28学区である。
- School districts Nos. 27 and 28 belong to Sakyo Ward.
- 4体のうち2体は東京と奈良の国立博物館に寄託されている。
- Two out of four have been deposited to Tokyo National Museum and Nara National Museum.
- 「地水火風空のうちより出し身のたどりて帰るもとのすみかに」
- I was born from the five elements (earth, water, fire, wind, and sky), and now I'm returning to my original place.'
- 46人の赤穂浪士はその日のうちにお預かりの大名屋敷で切腹。
- 46 Ako Roshi committed seppuku on that day at the feudal residences where each was confined.
- 荘園・公領全体の田地のうち除田を除いたものが定田となった。
- Of the rice fields within shoen and koryo, there were two categories of fields; joden (定田, taxable rice fields) and the rest, which were categorized as joden (除田, tax-free rice field).
- 玉鬘のあまりの魅力に源氏までが冗談めいた想いをうちあける。
- Tamakazura is so attractive that even Genji confesses his love for her jokingly.
- こほりだにとまらぬ春のたに風にまだうちとけぬうぐひすのこゑ
- Why don't nightingales come out of their shells and hesitate to sing even though the spring wind is blowing to melt the ice?
- 桐壺(きりつぼ)は、平安御所の後宮の七殿五舎のうちの一つ。
- Kiritsubo (The Paulownia Court) is one of the smaller houses of kokyu (seven larger houses and five smaller ones which were mainly empress's residences) in the Heian Imperial Palace.
- 「三代の栄耀一睡のうちにして、大門の跡は一里こなたにあり」
- The glory of three generations of the Fujiwara passed as if in a dream. Their Great Gate lies in ruins, two miles this side of the castle.'
- このうち造宮省・造東大寺司は奈良時代を通じておかれていた。
- Among the above, Zogusho and Zo-Todaiji-shi (Office of Construction of Todai-ji Temple) remained through the Nara period.
- 現存しているのはこのうちの1部(1帙5冊・欠1冊)である。
- One of the copies exists today (One case has five volumes, but one of the volumes is missing.)
- 3.民俗技術のうち、次の各号のいずれかに該当し、重要なもの
- 3. Important folk technologies that are applicable to one of the following
- 1.風俗慣習のうち、次の各号のいずれかに該当し、重要なもの
- 1. Important manners and customs that are applicable to one of the following
- 2.民俗芸能のうち、次の各号のいずれかに該当し、重要なもの
- 2. Important folk performing arts that are applicable to one of the following
- 打掛(うちかけ)は、日本の女性の着物(和服)の種類の一つ。
- Uchikake (打掛) is a kind of kimono (or wafuku, either of them means Japanese traditional clothing) worn by Japanese women.
- 貝蝶々(ばいちょうちょう):貝髷と銀杏返しを合成した髪型。
- Baichouchou: A mixture hairstyle of Bai-mage and Ichogaeshi.
- そのようなやりとりをしているうち海が荒れ模様になってくる。
- While they are talking, the sea is becoming perilous.
- 山岡は上記7箇条のうち第一条を除く6箇条の受け入れは示した。
- Yamaoka accepted the six articles out of the seven condition articles, excluding article number one.
- 第三種の筆者は現存する巻のうち、巻十八、十九を担当している。
- Of the Koya-gire scrolls still extant, the calligrapher of the third style was responsible for scrolls eighteen and nineteen.
- この際、三種の神器のうち八尺瓊勾玉と天叢雲剣が海底へ沈んだ。
- When this incident occurred, two of three sacred emblems of the Imperial Family, Yasakani no Magatama and Ama no murakumo no Tsurugi, were lost in the sea.
- 物部目大連は天皇に一夜のうちに何度童女君を召したかを尋ねた。
- Mononobe no Me Omuraji asked to the Emperor Yuryaku, 'How many times did you engage with Ominagi during the night?'
- 日活を構成する前身4社のうち1社として映画史にその名を残す。
- The company name is recorded in the history of film as one of the four original companies of Nikkatsu Corporation.
- 国宝とされる三椀の曜変天目茶碗のうち、最も地味なものである。
- It is the simplest of the three Yohen Tenmoku tea bowls designated as national treasures.
- 大鼓は能楽の職掌のうちでももっとも役者数の不足に悩んでいる。
- Among the Nogaku performers, otsuzumi players are most shorthanded.
- 玉子手- 熊川のうち、かなりの上手物で、磁釉がきれいなもの。
- Tamago-de: high-quality komogai bowls with a beautiful porcelain glaze.
- このうち、現在では「車大路」のみ、一部が廃道となっている)。
- Among those streets, only a segment of the 'Kuruma oji' do not exist today.
- 治部省(じぶしょう)は律令制における日本の官制のうちのひとつ。
- Jibu-sho (Ministry of Civil Administration) was a government-regulated organization in Japan under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo codes).
- このうち、時代を象徴する代表的遺物と目されるのは銅鐸であろう。
- Of all, the most symbolic, typical bronze ware of the period is supposed to be the bronze bell.
- 日本では、このうち陽宅風水が家相という形で普及したものである。
- Particularly, in Japan, Yang (bright) Feng Shui spread as the form of Kaso.
- むらさきににほふふぢなみうちはえてまつにぞちよのいろはかゝれる
- The violet of wisteria is shining brilliantly against the backdrop of the pine trees in celebration of longevity.
- 世間体を繕うため、遺骸もないままにその夜のうちに葬儀を営んだ。
- In order to keep up appearances, her funeral was held on the same night without her remains.
- 第一種の筆者は現存する巻のうち、巻一、九、二十を担当している。
- The calligrapher who created the first distinct calligraphic style was responsible for scrolls one, nine, and twenty.
- (雑談のうち、昔(家康)幼少の頃、又右衛門某というものが居た。
- (In idle conversation, Ieyasu mentioned a man from his childhood called Mataemon.
- 倭国の産物とされるもののうち、鉄や絹は主に北九州から出土する。
- Amongst the things thought to have been products from the Wa state, iron and silk were mainly unearthed in northern Kyushu.
- 鮮度の良い材料を使用して調理をし、鮮度の良いうちに提供される。
- Fresh materials are used and cooked and served while fresh.
- 日本の中世の武家において、家督の男子子弟のうち、嫡男以外の者。
- This refers to a son who was not the oldest in the samurai class families in the Middle Ages in Japan.
- このうち、板倉町は昭和11年、玄以町は昭和12年に廃止された。
- Of these Itakura-cho was abolished in 1936 and Geni-cho in 1937.
- 王朝時代(おうちょうじだい)は日本史上における時代区分の一つ。
- The Ocho period (Dynastic period) is a Japanese historical period.
- 全4巻のうち、現存するのは4月から6月までの第2巻のみである。
- Of the four volumes, only volume two for April - June remains today.
- 源氏物語の写本のうち、青表紙本、河内本のいずれにも属さないもの。
- It refers to a manuscript which, among those of The Tale of Genji, does not belong to either Aobyoshi-bon manuscript or the Kawachi-bon manuscript.
- 第二種の筆者は現存する巻のうち、巻二、三、五、八を担当している。
- Of the scrolls that are still extant, the calligrapher of the second style was responsible for scrolls two, three, five, and eight.
- 列伝のうち、巻四~六は摂関家、巻七は村上源氏、巻八は親王である。
- Among retsuden, Volumes 4 through 6 are used for sekkanke (families which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor), Volume 7 for Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) and Volume 8 for imperial princes.
- このうち1部を売り払い借り賃と生活費に充て、もう1部を所有した。
- Katsu sold off one copy to allot the money for rental fee and living costs, and he possessed another copy.
- また、建築物のうち書院は書院造を基調に数寄屋風を採り入れている。
- Also the Shoin (a drawing room in the shoin style) outside and separate from other buildings is built in the style of a tea-ceremony house (Sukiya), based upon the traditional Japanese style of residential architecture that includes a tokonoma.
- 錦絵新聞は、浮世絵の特色のうち「報道的な性格」を強く持っていた。
- Nishiki-e-shinbun had a strong 'news-reporting feature' of which ukiyo-e prints' characteristics had.
- 本人が知らないうちに、複雑に絡み合う因縁に捕らわれることになる。
- Unknowingly, he gets involved in an intricate web of destinies.
- 混乱に乗じて二人は城を脱出するが、川を渡るうちに離れ離れとなる。
- The two escaped from the castle taking advantage of confusion, but got separated while crossing the river.
- 戦争終結までほぼ一貫して新政府軍の優勢のうちに戦いが進められた。
- The new government's forces consistently dominated the battles until the end of the war.
- このうち(1)(2)を抱非人(かかえ-)と呼び、(3)と区別する。
- Among these, (1) and (2) were called Kakae Hinin, so distinguished from (3).
- 西国筋郡代が所轄する天領は全国の天領のうち2位という大きさである。
- The tenryo (the shogunal demesne) under the responsibility of Saigokusuji-gundai was the second largest tenryo among the tenryo in the nation.
- その名称は北斉からあった九寺のうちの外交施設「鴻臚寺」に由来する。
- The name 'Korokan' was derived from the diplomatic facility 'Koroji Temple,' one of nine offices belonging to the executive organ of old China administration, which had existed since Northern Song Dynasty.
- 比叡山焼き討ち(ひえいざんやきうち)は比叡山を中心とした焼き討ち。
- The fire attack against Mt. Hiei was a fire attack mainly against Mt. Hiei.
- そのうちのひとつに韓国の通信事業を日本に委託させるようにせまった。
- As one of the measures, he urged Korea to commission the communication service to Japan.
- 中世三大紀行文(ほかに『東関紀行』、『十六夜日記』)のうちの一つ。
- It is one of the three great travel journals of the middle ages (the other two are 'Tokankiko' (Journal of a Journey to Tokan) and 'Izayoi Nikki' (Diary of the Sixteenth Night).
- そもそも藤壺とは内裏後宮の七殿五舎のうちの一つ飛香舎の別名である。
- Originally, fujitsubo is another name for Higyosha, which is one of the shichiden gosha (literally, seven palaces and five houses) of the kokyu (empress's residence) of the dairi (Imperial Palace).
- そのうちに夕霧は物静かで奥ゆかしい彼女に思慕の念を抱くようになる。
- Before long, Yugiri came to feel affection towards Onna Ninomiya, who was quiet and graceful.
- そのうち、朝儀公事に関する故事や詩文にまつわる逸話が大半を占める。
- Most topics cover historical events of the Imperial ceremonies and public affairs or anecdotes on literature.
- 延喜式に定められたもののうち「大祀」とされたのは大嘗祭のみである。
- The Onie no matsuri Festival was the only festival to be considered as a Taishi (the most important festival) amongst other festivals included in the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers).
- 御所(ごしょ)、禁裏(きんり)、大内(おおうち)などの異称がある。
- It is also known as 'Gosho,' 'Kinri,' and 'Ouchi.'
- 提灯お化け(ちょうちんおばけ)は、日本の妖怪の一種で、提灯の妖怪。
- Chochin obake is a lantern ghost, a kind of a Japanese ghost.
- やがて勘平の疑いは晴れ、知らぬうちに養父の仇討をしたことが分かる。
- Before long, Kanpei is cleared of suspicion and it becomes apparent that he has taken his father-in-law's revenge without realizing it.
- このうち「隠微」は、物語には文外に「深意」があるとするものである。
- Of the seven rules, 'Inbi' means that a story should have 'deep nuances' outside its text.
- このうち、大字下桂は昭和6年、「桂」を冠称する16町に編成された。
- Among them, the Oaza Shimokatsura was reorganized into sixteen towns which were prefixed by the name 'Katsura' in 1931.
- 船史恵尺がこのうち『国記』を火中から拾い出して中大兄皇子へ献上した。
- FUNE no Fuhito Esaka was able to save 'Kokki' from the fire and presented it to Prince Naka no Oe.
- そのうち、大村が暗殺された事もあって構想は一旦は挫折する事となった。
- Eventually, the conscription plan was miscarried once, partially due to the assassination of Omura.
- そして、短期決戦策を採り、2ヶ月も経たないうちに朝廷軍を打ち破った。
- They adopted a short decisive battle strategy and defeated the imperial court forces in under two months.
- 寺社を本所とする一円知行地のうち幕府が誤って半済を認めた所領がある。
- Within Ichien Chigyo territories with a temple or shrine as a honjo, there were a number of territories in which the bakufu approved the implementation of hanzei by mistake.
- が、守備兵は前夜のうちに海路紀伊へ退却していたので空振りに終わった。
- But the soldiers who guarded it had already withdrawn to Kii Province by ship, so that they could not attack them.
- 撰者五人のうち、家良は完成を待たず、文永元年(1264年)に没した。
- In 1264, Ieyoshi became the only one of the five anthologists to pass away before its completion.
- 5人の公達のうち、阿倍御主人、大伴御行、石上麻呂は実在の人物である。
- Of five young court nobles, ABE no Miushi, OTOMO no Miyuki, and ISONOKAMI no Maro were real people.
- 全線29kmのうち、1/3にあたる約10kmがこの海上線路になった。
- About 10 kilometers, which was one third of the entire 29-kilometer railway, was built on the sea.
- 警察側は、農民のうち1名が馬で警察署に乗り入れたのが原因としている。
- Police said they tried to arrest demonstrators because one demonstrator tried to break into the police office mounting on a horse.
- 中朝事実(ちゅうちょうじじつ)は、山鹿素行が記した尊王思想の歴史書。
- Chucho Jijitsu (The record of the central nation) is a history book about the thought of reverence for the emperor, written by Soko YAMAGA.
- さらに、全戸数991戸のうち全壊284戸、半壊518戸を出している。
- Furthermore, 284 houses were completely destroyed and 518 were partially destroyed out of 991 houses in the village.
- 「てうち」という式例が12月に行なわれていたが、それも幕末に絶えた。
- A practice of 'teuchi', in which fans of actors appeared on the stage to praise them, was conducted in December (in the old Japanese calendar), although it was also discontinued by the end of the Edo period.
- このうち、「無形文化財」と「無形民俗文化財」の相違について説明する。
- Among these categories, the difference between 'intangible cultural properties' and 'tangible cultural properties' is explained below.
- そのうち宮内庁の御料場で行われる8回の鵜飼は「御料鵜飼」と呼ばれる。
- Ukai that is conducted eight times a year at Imperial Household Agency's goryoba (fishing ground for the Imperial Court) is called 'goryo ukai.'
- 竈(かまど)のうち、その後部に位置する煙の排出部を意味する(原義)。
- Kudo (written as 竈) means the rear part of Kamado (kitchen range, also written as 竈), which is an outlet for smoke (the original meaning).
- 特に、砧打ちや板引などの加工を施した袙を「打衣」(うちぎぬ)と呼ぶ。
- Akome which went through the process of kinutauchi (hammering the cloth) or itabiki (coating the cloth) is specifically called 'uchiginu.'
- 珠光流の現在の流儀のうち、文献に照らして古式と判断される点を挙げる。
- According to the context of the literature, some ancient styles would be listed among the present-day styles of the Juko school of tea ceremony.
- やや固めに炊き上げた飯を熱々のうちに飯切りに移し、すし酢をあわせる。
- Transfer the firm rice to a hangiri (wooden tub for cooling cooked sushi rice) while still being hot and mix it with sushi vinegar.
- 直宮家 (じきみやけ)とは宮家のうち天皇の子供が創設した宮家を指す。
- Jikimiyake refers to a Miyake (family allowed to have the status of Imperial family) which was established by a child of an emperor.
- 日本の全観測点の観測史上上位20のうち、梅雨のものは4地点しかない。
- Among top twenty in recorded history for all observation points in Japan, only four points have been recorded for baiu.
- 磯城郡田原本町のうち、飯高・大垣・豊田・新口・西新堂の5大字を編入。
- The city incorporated the five major Aza - Iitaka, Ogaki, Toyota, Ninokuchi, and Nishi Shindo, located in Tawaramoto-cho, Shiki County.
- 本家・領家のうち、荘園の実効支配権を持つ者が本所(ほんじょ)である。
- Among the honke and ryoke, the lords of a manor that had effective dominion over the shoen, were called honjo.
- うち普通郵便局は、大泊、豊原、真岡、泊居で他は全て特定郵便局であった。
- There were ordinary post offices (futsu yubinkyoku) in Otomari, Toyohara, Maoka and Tomarioru, all the other ones were special post offices (tokutei yubinkyoku).
- 元治元年(1864年)禁門の変での功により旧領のうち3万石を回復する。
- In 1864, Naonori regained properties bearing 30,000 koku among former territories because of his distinguished service in the Kinmon Incident.
- 戸主は家の統率者であり、家族は家を構成する者のうち戸主でない者をいう。
- Therefore, a family head is a leader of Ie (household), and family members are those who consist of Ie and are not a family head.
- 赤穂浪士の遺子のうち、出家した者を除き15歳以上の男子は流罪となった。
- Among children of Ako Roshi, those who were over 15 were sentenced to exile except for those who had entered the Buddhist priesthood.
- 満25歳に達した伯爵・子爵・男爵のうちから、同爵の者の互選で選ばれた。
- They were elected by men of the same rank when they reached 25 years of age.
- このうち4枚は富本銭の特徴とされてきたアンチモンが含まれていなかった。
- Four of those did not include antimony which was considered as characteristics of Fuhonsen coin.
- 遁術(とんじゅつ)は、忍術のうち、敵から隠れたり逃げたりするための術。
- Tonjutsu is a technique of Ninjutsu to hide or escape from enemies.
- 五十四帖のうち「葵 (源氏物語)」から「蜻蛉 (源氏物語)」まで登場。
- Among the fifty-four chapters, he appears in the ones from 'Aoi (Hollyhock)' to 'Kagero (The Mayfly).'
- 無罪となった者のうち11名の上告は認められず、この場で無罪が確定した。
- The Supreme Court turned down an appeal from eleven persons who had been found innocent and then they were finally convicted of innocence.
- 総額は米3万5150石(うち終身禄8名分7050石)、現金1500両。
- The total was 35,150 koku of rice (including 7,050 koku of lifetime premiums for eight people) and 1,500 ryo in cash.
- 特にそのうちの出挙本稲(元本部分)の部分のみを限定して指す場合もある。
- Sometimes it refers to only the part of suiko honto (rice equivalent to principal of suiko [government loans made to peasants]) of them.
- (例)石切梶原で、刀で巨大な石(の手水鉢)を一瞬のうちに真っ二つに切り
- Example 2: In 'Ishi-kiri Kajiwara,' at the scene the leading character cuts a huge stone basin in half in an instant
- 一夫多妻制のもとでは、天皇や皇帝の複数の妻のうちの正妃(正妻)を指す。
- Under the polygamy system, empress is the legally wedded wife of the emperor, out of the multiple wives.
- 日本水泳連盟主催の日本泳法大会に参加する12流派のうちのひとつである。
- It is one of the twelve styles that participate in Japanese Martial Arts Swimming Championship sponsored by Japan Swimming Federation.
- このうち、大字大将軍は大正7年、「大将軍」を冠称する5町に編成された。
- Oaza Taishogun was reorganized into five towns prefixed by 'Taishogun' in 1918.
- 単立宗教団体のうち、宗教法人として認証されたものを単立宗教法人という。
- Any Tanritsu Shukyo Dantai that are certified as religious corporations are called Tanritsu Shukyo Hojin (single religious corporations).
- 本家・領家のうち、荘園の実効支配権を持つ者を本所(ほんじょ)と呼んだ。
- Specifically, the honke and ryoke who had effective dominion of shoen were called Honjo.
- Among honke and ryoke, the families that had effective dominion over shoen were called honjo (proprietors or guarantors of a manor).
- このうち前三者は倭楽(在来音楽)を、後者は雅楽(海外音楽)を担当した。
- The former three groups played yamatogaku (ancient Japanese music) (pre-existing music) and the latter group played gagaku (foreign music).
- 「累葉朝宗(るいようちょうそう)して歳(としごと)に愆(あやま)らず。」
- We met all the kings of dynasties of your country and never failed to pay tributes every year.'
- 令制(りょうせい)とは、律令のうち行政法にあたる令に基づく諸制度をいう。
- Ryosei is the systems based on ryo that refer to the administrative law of the Ritsuryo codes.
- なお、解散時には定数373のうち142議席(全体の4割弱)を占めていた。
- At the time of dissolution, Kenkyukai occupied 142 seats out of 373 quota (roughly a little less than 40%).
- 士分(しぶん)とは、江戸時代の武士のうち正規の武士身分を持った者を指す。
- Shibun was the term for persons with the full social rank as bushi (warrior) class among the bushi during the Edo Period.
- 赤穂四十七士のうち寺坂吉右衛門ただ一人は士分を有さない足軽身分であった。
- Among the 47 Akaho warriors, only Kichiemon TERASAKA was not Shibun but Ashigaru class.
- このうち貿易額は対中貿易が最も多く、対オランダ貿易はさほどでもなかった。
- Among these routes, trade with China boasted the highest amount of trade, while trade with the Netherlands was minimal.
- しかし陽明学はそのうちの倫理学及び方法論的側面の革新であったに過ぎない。
- On the other hand, Yomei-gaku reformed just the ethics and methodology sides of Shushigaku.
- そのうち、8世紀初頭から同中期・後期頃までが律令制の最盛期とされている。
- During that period, the Ritsuryo system was at its zenith from the beginning to the middle and latter half of the 8th century.
- 三派は主導権をめぐって争い、うち二条派と京極派は次々と勅撰集を編纂した。
- The three schools struggled to attain leadership, and both the NIJO and KYOGOKU schools compiled collections of poems one after another by imperial command.
- このうち郷社は社格であると同時にある特定の行政機能をもつ神社でもあった。
- Among them, Gosha was shrines which had special administrative functions, as well as being one of the shrine ranking.
- 御神能はこのうち第2日目の21日に宇佐神宮境内にある能楽堂で奉納される。
- Goshin Noh (Noh play) is dedicated at Noh Theatre in precincts of Usa-jingu Shrine on October 21, the second day of the festival.
- もとは一座の鼓方のうち上位の者が小鼓を打ち、下位の者が大鼓をあしらった。
- In the beginning, among the drum players of the company, the player of the upper post beat the kotsuzumi and the player of the lower post handled otsuzumi.
- はじめのうちは外国曲が多かったが滝廉太郎などの日本人の作曲も増えてきた。
- At the beginning there were many foreign songs, but songs composed by Japanese composers like Rentaro TAKI increased in number.
- このうちの10段目の尼ヶ崎の段は、俗に「太十(たいじゅう)」と呼ばれる。
- Among these, the 10th act, the act of Amagasaki is commonly called 'Taijyu.'
- - 左の2町のうち「南町」は昭和44年、「南」は昭和6年に成立している。
- Of the two towns, 'Minami-cho' was established in 1969 and 'Minami' in 1931.
- 襲撃側のうち、最初に駕籠目掛けて斬り込んだ稲田重蔵は河西に斬り倒され即死。
- Juzo INADA, who was the first to attack the palanquin with a sword on the attacking side, was struck down by KAWANISHI and died immediately.
- 勤皇党のうち、明治政府への強い不満を抱く構成員により、敬神党が結成された。
- Members of the Kinno-to party who were deeply dissatisfied with the Meiji Government formed the Keishin-to party.
- 「輩行」とは「一族のうち同世代の者」という意味で、通常は兄弟のことを言う。
- 'Haiko' carries the meaning of 'people of the same generation within a family,' typically in the case of brothers.
- 亡くなったのは8月14日 (旧暦)で、亡骸はその日のうちに荼毘に付された。
- She died on August 14 (old lunar calendar), and her remains were cremated on the same day.
- 「博弈」のうちの「弈」が囲碁を差しているが「博」の方はスゴロクの事である。
- The Chinese letter '弈' in the word '博弈' refers to Igo and the letter '博' refers to sugoroku game.
- 五日市学芸講談会のうち1人である千葉卓三郎が1881年に起草したとされる。
- It is believed that one of the members of the Itsukaichi Learning and Debating Society, Takusaburo CHIBA made the draft in 1881.
- 首謀者と目された人物の名前から竹内式部一件(たけうちしきぶいっけん)とも。
- It is also called the Takenouchi Shikibu Incident after the person who was regarded as the ringleader.
- 平安時代にはときどき大舎人のうち何人かが内豎になったりまたその逆もあった。
- During the Heian period some of otoneri sometimes became naiju (government official especially one of low to medium rank as royal pages) or vice versa.
- ただし、騒動参加者のうち放火した2人については極刑との裁きが言い渡された。
- However the two participants of the riot, who set fire were sentenced to ultimate penalty.
- 奪われた神器のうち、剣は清水寺で発見されるが、神璽(曲玉)は持ち去られた。
- A stolen sword was found in Kiyomizu-dera Temple, however the scared jewel (Shinji, Magatama) was taken away by someone.
- 巨大な人工池の浴龍池(よくりゅうち)と大刈込を中心とした壮大な庭園である。
- This is a magnificent garden which has a massive artificial Yokuryu-chi Pond and Okarikomi (many trees are individually planted with the top parts of the trees cut into one shape as a whole to create special look of the background or main part of the garden) as the main feature.
- 後半の作品のうちの数点は芳年の版下絵をもとにし、彼の門人たちが完成させた。
- Several pictures in the latter half of the work were completed by Yoshitoshi's disciples based on his drafts.
- 妻が姦通した際に姦通相手と妻を殺害することを女敵討(めがたきうち)という。
- Megatakiuchi referred to the killing of one's wife in adultery along with the man with whom she had committed the adultery.
- また、惣村の構成員のうち、乙名になる前の若年者を若衆(わかしゅ)といった。
- Among the members of soson, young people prior to becoming Otona were called wakashu (young members of the soson village system).
- このうち明将董一元率いる20万と号する明・朝鮮連合軍が泗川倭城に攻め寄せた。
- Two hundred thousand soldiers of Ming and Korean Allied forces led by the Ming General TON Yi Yuan carried out a siege on Sacheon Waeseong.
- 山田孝雄は平安時代のうちから院政期を分け、むしろ鎌倉時代と違いがないとした。
- Yoshio YAMADA separated the Insei period from the Heian period, and merged it together with the Kamakura period claiming it was more like the Kamakura period.
- このうち奥州合戦、和田合戦、承久の乱については、ほぼその軍奉行が推定出来る。
- Among these records, it is almost possible to identify the military commissioners in the battle of Oshu, the Wada battle, and the Jokyu Disturbance.
- 騰勅符(とうちょくふ)とは、天皇の勅を伝えて施行するために出される太政官符。
- Tochokufu refers to a Daijokanpu (the official documents of the Daijokan, the office of the supreme political leader) to deliver and enforce the order of the Emperor.
- 内搦(うちからみ):かけぞり、足を相手の内股に掛け、体をそらしてひねり倒す。
- Uchikarami: kakezori (hooking backwards body drop); The attacker hooks the defender's closest leg, and drives his head into the defender's side to force him over backwards.
- この戦いは織田軍優勢のうちに終わり、本願寺軍は石山に戻り篭城の構えを見せた。
- This battle ended while the Oda army had the upper hand and the Hongan-ji Temple force returned to Ishiyama and started to hold the temple.
- このうち、巻28は天武天皇元年だけにあてられ、巻29が残りの14年間を扱う。
- Volume 28 deals with only the first year of Emperor Tenmu and volume 29 deals with the remaining 14 years.
- 電車焼き討ち事件(でんしゃやきうちじけん)は、電車やその施設を放火すること。
- Densha Yakiuchi Jiken (literally Train Arson Attack) was to cause arson to trains and other facilities.
- なお『栄花物語』によれば皇女四人のうち、平子腹の皇女一人のみ成長したという。
- According to 'Eiga Monogatari,' only one princess who was born from Hirako reached adulthood out of four princesses.
- また子女のうち、長女徽子女王、次女悦子女王の二人が相次いで斎宮に卜定された。
- Also, among his children, the eldest daughter, Princess Yoshiko (Kishi), and the second daughter, Princess Yoshiko (Esshi), were assigned as Saigu (unmarried princess who, in former times, was sent by the emperor to serve at Ise Shrine) by bokujo (bokutei - to decide by fortune telling).
- 「内掌典」及び「掌典補」は判任官とし、「内掌典」のうち1人は奏任官とできた。
- Nai-shoten' and 'shoten-ho' are officials at the position called hanninkan (a junior official), and one of nai-shoten members is given a position of soninkan.
- 続いてその父親の左大臣藤原顕光(関白藤原兼通の長男)も失意のうちに病死した。
- Subsequently, FUJIWARA no Akimitsu, Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), her father (the eldest son of Kanpaku (chief adviser to the emperor), FUJIWARA no Kanemichi) died from disease in despair and hopelessness.
- 絵の書いた人、時期によって、100枚のうちの絵柄の構成が変わるゲームである。
- The illustrations differ according to painter and age, so the games differ according to the pack of cards used.
- 折り紙のうち、はさみを使用せず、正方形の紙一枚だけを用いた折り紙をこう呼ぶ。
- Only a sheet of square paper is used for it without using scissors.
- - 左の2町のうち「堤外町」は昭和41年、「堤外」は昭和6年に成立している。
- Of the two towns, 'Tsutsumisoto-cho' was established in 1966 and 'Tsutsumisoto' was formed in 1931.
- 東京国立博物館所蔵の2口のうちの1口は高さ135センチの日本最大の銅鐸である。
- One of two possessed by the Tokyo National Museum is 135 centimeters in height, the biggest dotaku in Japan.
- 1869年 元年者のうち40人ほどが、3年の労働契約満了を待たずに日本に帰国。
- In 1869, about 40 of the 'first-years' returned to Japan before the three-year contract was fulfilled.
- 律令のうち、令によって規定される制度を令制というので、令制の国を令制国と呼ぶ。
- Among the ritsuryo, the system defined by ryo is ryo system (ryosei), so the province under the ryo system is called ryosei province.
- 上述の直系皇位継承法説の欠点のうち、第一と第三の点を繕うものとして唱えられた。
- This theory is advocated to cover up the above mentioned first and third imperfections of the direct line succession code theory.
- しかしながら、内親王は悲しみのうちに自ら落飾し、その6年後に短い生涯を閉じた。
- However, the Imperial Princess entered into the Buddhist priesthood in sorrow and ended her short life six years later.
- 上の項で説明したとおり、準正装の上着として誕生したのが小袿(こうちぎ)である。
- As described above, kouchigi was created as semi-formal outerwear.
- 逃げ去る妖猫を追ううち、麓の返璧(たまがえし)の里にて犬村角太郎とめぐり合う。
- He chased the fleeing cat and met with Kakutaro INUMURA in Tamagaeshi village at the foot of the mountain.
- うち、九条通り沿いに位置する四ツ塚町は昭和15年に「八条」の冠称を廃している。
- Hachijo Yotsuzuka-cho which is located along Kujo-dori Street abolished the prefix of 'Hachijo' in 1940.
- 吉野山には旅館、民宿、宿坊などがあるが、そのうちの一部で温泉が利用されている。
- Some of ryokan, minshuku (private home that runs inn providing room and board), and shukubo (visitors' or pilgrims' lodgings in a temple) in Mt. Yoshino use the hot spring water today.
- そのうちのりは最小で奥行85㎝、高さ1.5m、幅1.2mは必要であるとされた。
- Inside measurements were requested to be larger than 85 cm in depth, 1.5 meters in height, 1.2 meters in width.
- このうち陵戸は養老律令施行によって賤民となったため結婚以外は良民と同等であった。
- Ryoko were those who were demoted to the lowly status as a result of the enforcement of the Yoro Penal and Administrative Codes and were treated the same as Ryomin, except for their rights concerning marriage.
- 万葉集には、田子の浦ゆうち出でてみれば真白にそ富士の高嶺に雪は降りける、とある。
- In Manyoshu, the poem was 'Tago no ura yu uchi idete mireba mashiro ni so fuji no takane ni yuki ha furi keru' which is similar in meaning.
- 徳川家康の功臣のうち,特に武勇に秀でた3人,本多忠勝・榊原康政・井伊直政を指す。
- refers to Tadakatsu HONDA, Yasumasa SAKAKIBARA, and Naomasa II, the three meritorious retainers of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who had outstanding military prowess.
- 陵墓は京都市右京区鳴滝宇多野谷にある大内山陵(おおうちやまのみささぎ)とされる。
- The Imperial Mausoleum is located at Ouchiyama no misasagi, in Uda-no-tani, Narutaki, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto City.
- これらのうち、並立説については史料的根拠に乏しい事等を理由に反対する意見もある。
- Among these theories, there are opinions to take objection to the theory of juxtaposition of plural Emperors for the reason that there are not many historical materials which can prove this theory.
- 「このからかさも雨のゑんによりてかかる形をあらはせしにやと 夢のうちにおもひぬ」
- This Karakasa is likewise related to the rain, and that may be the reason it takes the form like this; thus have I wondered in my dreams.'
- 曜変天目茶碗(ようへんてんもくちゃわん)は、天目茶碗のうち、最上級とされるもの。
- The term 'Yohen Tenmoku tea bowl' refers to a tea bowl considered to be the best of Tenmoku (a stoneware glaze which is deeply stained by iron oxide) tea bowls.
- 文七元結(ぶんしちもっとい)は、三遊亭圓朝の創作で、落語のうち、人情噺のひとつ。
- Bunshichi Mottoi was created by Encho Sanyutei, and is one of human-interest stories among rakugo (traditional comic story telling).
- また、鋳型は繰り返し使用するうちに傷み、次第に銭影がぼやけ、銭名が読めなくなる。
- After repeated use of molds, they become damaged, and the impressions on the coins become illegible due to the gradual wear of the impression of the original coin.
- 上記のうち、江戸時代からある町名は戒光寺町、古御旅町、塩屋町、大黒町のみである。
- Among the independent town names in the ward, only Kaikoji-cho, Furuotabi-cho, Shioya-cho and Daikoku-cho have continued since the Edo period.
- そして、実際に任国へ赴任した国司のうち、最高責任者を受領と呼ぶようになっていた。
- Then, the head of kokushi who actually moved to their assigned province became called zuryo.
- 検挙された学生のうち38名が治安維持法および出版法違反・不敬罪により起訴された。
- 38 of the students who had been arrested were prosecuted for violation of the Maintenance of Public Order Law and publishing law, as well as lese majesty.
- これらのうち不当に低く評価された金貨は問題外とされ、論争の焦点は銀貨へと絞られた。
- Of those arguments, gold coins were left out of the negotiation because they were too lowly valued, and the negotiation was focused on silver coins.
- 華族議員のうち伯爵・子爵・男爵議員は、それぞれ同爵の者による互選により選出された。
- Count, viscount and baron councilors were elected from their peerage by men of the same rank.
- 寶月はこのうち『伊呂波字類抄』による0.6270を最も信憑性の高い数値としている。
- Hogetsu says 0.6270 sho in 'Irohajirui-sho' is most trustworthy.
- 複数人いた家老のうち最も地位の高いものは筆頭家老・家老首座・一番家老など呼ばれた。
- The head of the Karo officers was called Hitto-garo, Karo-shuza, or Ichiban-garo.
- この様式の商売は、行商のうち比較的狭い範囲を巡回する形態に多く見られる業態である。
- This style of business is common in peddlers who make the rounds of a relatively small area.
- 賎民のうち、公奴婢と私奴婢は売買の対象とされるなど、奴隷として位置づけられていた。
- Among the senmin, kunui and shinui were treated as slaves and could be bought and sold.
- いっぽう、うち続く飢饉から農民の負担の軽減を図るべく、税制や貧窮対策を施している。
- On the other hand, the tax system and the rescue plan were implemented in order to lessen the burden of peasants in the time of the continuing famine.
- くれはつる 年をしみかね うちふさば 夢見むほどに 春はきぬべし(「安法法師集」)
- I mourn the passing year so much that while I lie down having a dream, spring must come. ('Anpo hoshi shu')
- 二本の旗のうちひとつは白旗であり、降伏の際に用いる旗であると説明されていたという。
- It is said that the document also explained that one of the flags was a white flag, to be used if the country should surrender.
- 城主格大名とは国許の屋敷が陣屋である大名のうち、城主に準ずる待遇城主格大名の優遇例
- A joshukaku daimyo was a daimyo whose residence in his hometown was a jinya, but who was treated like a joshu daimyo; which is an example of preferential treatment of a daimyo without a castle as joshu daimyo.
- 奈良県桜井市大字忍阪にある押坂内陵(おさかのうちのみささぎ、段ノ塚古墳)とされる。
- Osaka no Uchi no Misasagi Mausoleum (Dannozuka-kofun Tumulus) in Oaza Otsusaka, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture is thought to be his mausoleum.
- 打根(うちね)は、長さ一尺二寸から一尺八寸、直径六分ほどの矢の形をした武器である。
- An uchine is an arrow-shaped weapon 36 to 54cm in length and 18mm in diameter.
- 喜多流(きたりゅう)とは、日本の伝統芸能である能楽のうち、能のシテ方の流派である。
- The Kita school is one of the shite-kata (actors who play leading characters) schools of Noh in Nohgaku (the art of Noh), which is one of the Japanese traditional performance arts.
- 呼出し:散茶・座敷持のうち、張り店を行わず、禿・新造を従えて茶屋で客を迎える遊女。
- Yobidashi: these are sancha and zashiki-mochi who didn't wait for customers in a pleasure house but rather entertained them in a tea house with their entourage of kamuro or shinzo.
- 日本の六国史のうち『日本書紀』を除くものは国史体とよばれる独特の記述法になっている。
- Except 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicle of Japan), Rikkokushi (Japan's six national histories) were written by its typical descriptive style called 'Kokushitai.'
- だが、選挙後の政権運営の方策が全く見出せなかった松方はその日のうちに辞表を提出した。
- However, MATSUKATA could not find any strategy at all for government management after election and submitted a letter of resignation on the same day.
- 堅田の所領のうち、滋賀郡領は佐野藩の飛び地として幕末期まで受け継がれることとなった。
- Among territories in Katata, territories in Shiga County came to be taken over as outland of the Sano Domain until the end of the Edo period.
- この敗戦の後、良兼の勢力は衰え、天慶2年(939年)6月良兼は失意のうちに病没した。
- After being defeated, Yoshikane lost his strength and died with much regret in June 939.
- 上代の日本刀(つるぎ)とは、刀剣のうち両刃のものをさすが、まず青銅製のものが現れた。
- Tsurugi, a Japanese sword in the early Japanese period, mainly Nara period, refers to a double-edged sword, and the first Tsurugi were made of bronze.
- 朗詠江注(ろうえいごうちゅう)は、大江匡房によって著された和漢朗詠集の注釈書である。
- Roei Gochu, written by OE no Masafusa, is a commentary on the Wakan Roei Shu (Japanese and Chinese singing poems).
- 葵の上も他の女君にうつつを抜かす4歳下の夫にうちとけずよそよそしい態度をとっていた。
- Lady Aoi also did not lower her guard to her husband, who was four years her junior and often smitten with other ladies, and maintained a very distant attitude toward him.
- 『枕草紙旁註』(まくらのそうしぼうちゅう)は、江戸時代に著された『枕草子』の注釈書。
- 'Makura no Soshi Bochu' is a book written in the Edo Period, which is a collection of marginal notes on 'Makura no Soshi' (the Pillow Book).
- 伊達政宗の功臣のうち,特に功績の大きかった3人,片倉景綱・伊達成実・茂庭綱元を指す。
- refers to Kagetsuna KATAKURA, Shigezane DATE, and Tsunamoto MONIWA, the three men of the meritorious retainers of Masamune DATE who made the greatest achievements.
- 一般にも東京都のうち23区を東京都内、その他の市町村を東京都下と区別することもある。
- In general, 23 boroughs are treated as 'inside Tokyo,' and the other local authorities are distinguished as 'suburban Tokyo.'
- 金玉掌中抄(きんぎょくしょうちゅうしょう)は、鎌倉時代末期に中原章澄が書いた法律書。
- Kingyokushochusho is a law book written by NAKAHARA no Norizumi (Norizumi NAKAHARA) in the end of the Kamakura Period.
- 後深草天皇との間には3女が生まれており、そのうちれい子内親王は後宇多天皇妃となった。
- She had three daughters by Emperor Gofukakusa, and Imperial Princess Reishi of the three daughters later became the consort of Emperor Gouda.
- このうち、大字小山は大正7年、上京区に編入され、「小山」を冠称する6町に編成された。
- Becoming a part of Kamigyo Ward in 1918, Oaza Koyama was reorganized into six towns prefixed by 'Koyama.'
- これらのうち、釧路ナンバーは根室国と千島国を、和泉ナンバーは河内国の一部を含んでいる。
- Among these, Kushiro number includes Nemuro Province and Chishima Province, and Izumi number includes a part of Kawachi Province.
- しかし、長い期間のうちに何人もの人物によって加筆がなされたために、諸本の差異が大きい。
- However, the difference among shohon (transcription and published books) is large because improvement were made by many people over a long period of time.
- しかし、現在『群書類従』に採録された「諸道勘文」のうち2巻分が遺されているに過ぎない。
- However, only two volumes of 'Shodo kanmon' that were compiled in 'Gunsho ruiju' (Collection of historical documents compiled by Hokiichi HANAWA) are existing today.
- また月の始まりも1日ではなく、二十四節気のうち月の前半に来る十二の節が月の始めになる。
- In addition, the starting point of each month is not the first day but the 12th of 24 'setsu' (divisions of the old calendar) in the first half of the month.
- 田原坂の激戦は官軍の小隊長30名のうち11名が命を落としたことからも窺うことができる。
- The fierceness of the battle of Tabaru Slope can be understood from the fact that 11 out of 30 platoon leaders of the government army were killed.
- だが、天平2年(730年)に陰陽寮強化の一環としてうち3名を陰陽得業生として給費する。
- In 730, in a bid to enhance the Onmyoryo, scholarships were given to three of the onmyo no sho as onmyo tokugyo no sho (onmyo students).
- この時、筒井勢のうち中坊秀祐と伊賀衆が搦手に迂回して城に接近し、城内へ火矢を射込んだ。
- At this time, Hidesuke NAKANOBO and Iga shu among the Tsusui troops approached the castle from karamete (backdoor) and shot a fire arrow into it.
- 陰陽寮は陰陽道・暦道・天文道の三道から成るが、天文博士はそのうちの天文道の教官である。
- Onmyoryo consisted of three subjects--onmyodo (yin-yang philosophy), rekido (learning of the calendar) and tenmondo (ancient horoscopy)--and tenmon hakase was the teacher of tenmondo.
- このうち二条家と京極家は中世に断絶し、俊成・定家の血統を伝えるのは冷泉家のみとなった。
- Of the three, both the Nijo and Kyogoku family lines ended during the medieval period, leaving the Reizei family the sole descendants of Toshinari and Teika's bloodline.
- 主要な写本として以下のような写本があり、そのうちのいくつかは複製(影印)刊行されている
- There are major manuscripts among which are published by duplication (photograph), see the following:
- 前漢の高祖 劉邦に仕えた功臣のうち、特に功績の大きかった3人、蕭何・張良・韓信を指す。
- refers to Xiao He, Zhang Liang, and Han Xin, the three who made the greatest achievements of the meritorious retainers who served Gaozu (first emperor) of the Former Han Dynasty, Liu Bang.
- なお、3つある主な坑口(本山、小滝、通洞)のうち、小滝坑口だけは暴動に参加しなかった。
- There were three main mine mouths (Honzan, Kotaki, and Tsudo), and only Kotaki did not participate in the riot.
- 特に将軍が大名に土地を与える場合には特に大名知行(だいみょうちぎょう)と呼ばれている。
- The form of territory provision to a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) by a shogun was especially called daimyochigyo.
- 絶対多数の縄文人と少数の大陸系渡来人との協同のうちに農耕社会へと移行したと考えられる。
- It is believed that history moved to an agrarian society in cooperation between Jomon man of an absolute majority and few continental immigrants to ancient Japan.
- うち歩兵隊は、旗本から禄高に応じて供出させた兵賦(へいふ)と称する人員から構成された。
- Among them, foot soldier troops (infantry) were comprised of soldiers called heifu who were dispatched from hatamoto based on their rokudaka (stipend).
- このうち特に重要なのは言葉と仕草であり、これが落語という芸の根幹を成しているといえる。
- Words and gestures are the most significant, and they can be said to be the essence of the rakugo performance.
- しかし、即日辞退してその日のうちに嵯峨上皇の子である正良親王(仁明天皇)が擁立された。
- However, Prince Tsuneyo excused himself from being the crown prince on the same day, and Imperial Prince Masara (Emperor Ninmyo), the son of the Retired Emperor Saga, was installed as the Crown Prince.
- このうち正倉院に残る天平勝宝の年号をもつものは、大仏開眼法要の時に使われたものである。
- Of these, the masks with the name of Tenpyo-shoho era (749 - 757), which remain at Shoso-in, were used at the Great Buddha Eye-opening ceremony.
- 平氏政権は清盛という一個人に大きく依存しており、清盛の死から数年のうちに瓦解に至った。
- The Taira clan government relied heavily upon Kiyomori himself, and disintegrated within several years of his death.
- 分かれた亜熱帯ジェット気流のうち、北側の分流は、樺太付近で寒帯ジェット気流と合流する。
- From divided subtropical jet streams, the northern split flow joins together with the polar jet stream in the vicinity of Sakhalin.
- 敵討(かたきうち)とは、直接の尊属を殺害した者に対して私刑として復讐を行う制度である。
- Katakiuchi is the practice of taking out one's revenge, by taking the law into his own hands, against someone who has killed a direct ancestor of the avenging party.
- このうち千馬は直言癖があり、不破は人を斬って、それぞれ内匠頭を激怒させたといわれている。
- It is said both made Takumi no Kami very angry by Chiba speaking his mind plainly and Fuwa killing a person.
- 同内閣は閣僚のうち外務大臣・陸軍大臣・海軍大臣の3大臣以外の全閣僚を貴族院議員が占めた。
- Members of the House of Peers occupied all the cabinet posts except Ministry of Foreign affairs, Ministry of Army, and Ministry of Navy.
- 牓示(ぼうじ)とは、所領などの土地の四至あるいは境界のうち重要な地点に立てた掲示のこと。
- The term 'Boji' means a notice put up at shishi (northern, southern, eastern and western boundary) of a territory or the important positions of a boundary.
- 御門葉とは清和源氏の一門のうち鎌倉幕府において鎌倉殿の一門としての処遇を受けた者をいう。
- The term 'gomonyo' referred to those who, among the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), were treated as a family of Kamakura-dono (Lord of Kamakura) in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 寛永通宝のうち、万治2年(1659年)までに鋳造されたものを古寛永(こかんえい)と呼ぶ。
- Kanei-tsuho, which was minted before 1659, was called Ko-Kanei (old Kanei-tsuho).
- 御公用丁銀(ごくようちょうぎん):「御公用」の極印が打たれ、毛利氏が朝廷に貢納したもの。
- Gokuyo Chogin: Chogin with '御公用' (Gokuyo) hallmarked and were presented by the Mori clan to the Chotei (Imperial Court).
- その際、国内の武士身分の田堵負名のうち、同一の郡に基盤を持つ者同士が互いに競合しあった。
- In taking such measures, among the Tato fumyo with the samurai status in a province, those in the same gun (county) competed with each other.
- 藤原不比等が「大化の改新」の主役だから中臣鎌足の息子のうち不比等だけが藤原姓なのである。
- Because FUJIWARA no Fuhito played the major role in `the Taika Reforms,' only Fuhito of NAKATOMI no Kamatari's sons were granted the family name of Fujiwara.
- 候文(そうろうぶん)は日本語のうち中世から近代にかけて用いられた文語の文体の一つである。
- Sorobun is a style of literary language in Japanese used from the middle ages to the modern times.
- そのため、石山本願寺の第一次挙兵は、実は1月もたたないうちに実質的には終わったのである。
- Therefore, Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple's first rising actually ended in less than a month.
- 南無阿弥陀仏とは重源のことで、重源が生涯のうちにいかに作善をしていったか、記されている。
- Namu Amidabutsu means Chogen, and this book records how Chogen did good deeds in his life.
- 『増鏡』の写本のうち世良親王に「ヨヨシ」尊良親王に「タカヨシ」とふりがなしたものがある。
- In part of a written copy of Masukagami, the name of the Prince 世良 is accompanied by an instruction to read as 'yoyoshi,' and the name of prince 尊良 has an instruction to pronounce as 'takayoshi.'
- 古典落語のうち、滑稽を中心とし、噺の最後に落ちまたはサゲのあるものを「落とし噺」という。
- Within classical rakugo, stories characterized by their comic content and punchlines called 'ochi' or 'sage' are categorized as otoshi-banashi.
- そのうちの一つは、遊びに飽きて使われることのなくなった貝が妖怪化した、というものである。
- One interpretation is that; as people got tired of playing the game, clamshells that became useless turned to be a spirit.
- この登録制度は、有形文化財のうち建造物について、登録有形文化財制度として先に導入された。
- Among tangible cultural properties, the registration system was introduced to architecture in advance as a tangible cultural property registry system.
- 初めのうち古墳からの出土に限られるが、普及が進んだ後期になると西日本で集落からも出土した。
- Early Sueki is unearthed only from tumuli, but later one can also be found in the remains of a village of western Japan since it was widely used.
- その結果、室町前期のうちに国衙機構は守護所に取り込まれ、ほとんどの国衙は実質的に消滅した。
- As a result, during the early Muromachi Period, the political structure of the Kokuga was absorbed by Shugosho and practically most of Kokuga disappered.
- このうち、堺本系後光厳院本は『群書類従』に上下分冊、堺本の3種目は『新校群書類従』に収録。
- Among them, the Sakaibon group Gokogoninbon was separately collected in two volumes of 'Gunshoruiju (Japanese history book),' and three kinds of Sakaibon were collected in 'Shinko Gunshoruiju (library).'
- 永保3年(1083年)から康和元年(1099年)まで書かれたらしいが、うち数年分が欠ける。
- It seems to have been written from 1083 to 1099, but some of the years are missing.
- また負傷者53名(うち重傷者13名)は、和木と嘉久志の両小学校に収容されて手当てを受けた。
- 53 wounded (including 13 severely wounded) were taken to the two elementary schools in Waki and Kakushi to receive treatment.
- 死亡帳(しぼうちょう)とは古代の律令制度の下で、造籍と造籍の間に毎年作成される帳簿のこと。
- Shibocho refers to a register which was created annually between the times of having new family registers under the ancient Ritsuryo system.
- 寛文9年(1669年)に著わした『中朝事実』(ちゅうちょうじじつ)で下のように論じている。
- He wrote the 'Chuchojijitsu' (the True Central Empire) in 1669, and in this book, he said as follows:
- 赤地に、袞冕十二章のうち、日、月、七星、山、火、龍、華虫(キジ)、宗彝の8種の模様が付く。
- Eight kinds of patterns--Sun, Moon, Seven Stars, Mountain, Fire, Dragon, Kachu (pheasant), and Soi (ritual article)--out of Konben 12-Sho (symbols) are attached to the red cloth of the costume.
- 大袖と同じ赤地に、袞冕十二章のうち、藻、粉米、斧、黻(ふつ、亜字の形)の四種の模様が付く。
- Four kinds of patterns--Mo (algae), Funmai (powdered rice), Ono (ax) and Futsu (shape like 亜)--out of Konben 12-Sho are attached to the same red cloth as Osode.
- すなわち、サツマイモを蒸して熱いうちに砂糖を練り混ぜ、四角形の型に押し詰め、冷やし固める。
- That is, a sweet potato is steamed and then is kneaded and mixed with sugar while being hot, and subsequently it is pushed into a box and then cooled to harden.
- 乙名は長老・宿老・老中・年寄とも呼ばれ、惣村の構成員のうち年齢や経験が上位の者があたった。
- The title, Otona, was also called choro (patriarch), shukuro (chief vassal), roju (elder) or toshiyori (head), and was given to a member of the soson who ranked higher in terms of age and experience.
- 国免荘(こくめんのしょう)は、平安時代後期の荘園のうち、国司によって諸役の免除を受けたもの。
- Kokumen no sho (also referred to as Kokumensho) was a kind of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) during the late Heian period which was exempt from miscellaneous taxes by kokushi (provincial governor).
- 御注孝経(ぎょうちゅうこうきょう)とは、唐の玄宗 (唐)によって撰述された『孝経』の注釈書。
- 'Gyochukokyo' is a collection of commentaries on the 'Kokyo' (Classic of Filial Piety) compiled by Genso (Emperor Xuanzong [Tang]).
- なお重要文化財のうち特に価値の高いものは国宝に指定されており、国宝も重要文化財の一種である。
- Among important cultural properties, those which have especially important value have been designated as national treasure and, therefore, national treasures are included in important cultural properties.
- そのうちの一官として、公議輿論の中心となる立法議事機関である議政官を設けることなどを定めた。
- One of seven departments was Giseikan which was a legislative assembly for public opinion.
- 彼が調査した横穴式石室は460で、そのうち実測図を作成してデータを計測したのは130である。
- He investigated 460 horizontal stone chambers and calculated the data of 130 of them by making survey maps.
- これはもしや、磯良の呪い……、と思っているうちに、看病の甲斐なく七日後、袖は死んでしまった。
- While he doubts if Isora curses her, Sode passes away after seven days in spite of all the care.
- 道中図(どうちゅうず)とは、江戸時代に作成された陸路あるいは海路を記した絵地図のことである。
- Dochuzu is a pictorial map made during the Edo period in which land routes or sea routes are described.
- 別本(べっぽん)とは、源氏物語の写本のうち、青表紙本、河内本のいずれにも属さないものをいう。
- Beppon is the manuscript of The Tale of Genji which does not belong to either the Aobyoshi-bon manuscript or the Kawachi-bon manuscript among those of The Tale of Genji.
- 上知令(じょうちれい、あげちれい)は、江戸時代後期と明治初期に政権者が出した土地没収の命令。
- Agechi-rei (上知令) is an order for confiscation of lands issued by the government in the late Edo period and the early Meiji period.
- この間に大友皇子が即位して天皇になったのか、それとも即位しないうちに死んだのかが争点である。
- The point in dispute was over whether Prince Otomo was enthroned and became an emperor or died without enthronement.
- 居留地警察(きょりゅうちけいさつ)とは、条約改正前の大日本帝国の外国人居留地に置かれた警察。
- Kyoryuchi Keisatsu (the Foreign Settlement Police) refers to the police force placed in the foreign settlements throughout the Empire of Japan prior to treaty revision.
- 直仁親王は失意のうちに出家して父の御所であった萩原殿に隠退し、南北朝合一後にこの世を去った。
- Imperial Prince Naohito was disappointed and became a priest; he retired into Hagiwaradono (Hagiwara palace), his father's palace, and passed away after the Southern and Northern courts were united.
- 宮中祭祀(きゅうちゅうさいし)は天皇が国家と国民の安寧と繁栄を祈ることを目的におこなう祭祀。
- Court rituals are performed in order for an emperor to pray for peace, security, and prosperity of the nation and people.
- しかし同社は資金難により2か月で解散、この間に製作したうちの2作の配給が決まらず宙に浮いた。
- However, Kokusai Eiga-sha was liquidated two months after its establishment due to financial difficulties, leaving the two films it produced undistributed.
- なお、第1日目の20日には俚舞楽打(さとまいがくうち)が宇佐神宮勅使門前の斎庭で奉納される。
- In addition, Sato maigaku uchi is dedicated at funeral hall in front of Usa-jingu Shrine Chokushi-mon gate (the gate for the Imperial Envoys) on October 20, the first day of the festival.
- この3番に登場する力士は、呼び上げとともに東西各3人が同時にあがり、拍手をうち、四股をふむ。
- The three sumo wrestlers for these three bouts on the east and the west sides would appear, corresponding to the announcement of their wrestler names, in the sumo ring at the same time, clap their hands and stamp in unison in a ceremonious way.
- 金剛流(こんごうりゅう)とは、日本の伝統芸能である能楽のうち、能のシテ方の流派の一つである。
- The Kongo school is one of the shite-kata (actors who play leading characters) schools of Noh in Nohgaku (the art of Noh), which is one of the Japanese traditional performance arts.
- その足のたたないところにくると臀後にしりぞき、腹帯の輪にとりそえた手綱を操ってうちわたした。
- When the water got too deep for the horse to touch the bottom of the river, the rider moved back until he was sitting on the horse's buttocks and drove the horse forward using reins attached to rings on the hemp cloth.
- 陶芸、染織、漆芸、金工その他の工芸技術のうち我が国の工芸技術の変遷の過程を知る上に貴重なもの
- The applied art including pottery, dyeing, lacquer work and gold work, which possesses a high value for seeing the history of transition of the applied art in this country.
- うち、寺内町、源町、四ツ塚町、内田町の4町と坊門町の一部(東海道本線線路以南)が南区に属す。
- Minami Ward includes the following four towns: Hachijo Teranouchi-cho, Hachijo Minamoto-cho, Hachijo Yotsuzuka-cho and Hachijo Uchida-cho, along with a part of Hachijo Bomon-cho (south of JR Tokaido line).
- 日本では中世頃からこの慣行があり、江戸時代になって法制化され、仇討ち(あだうち)と呼ばれた。
- This practice existed in Japan from around the medieval period; it was legislated in the Edo period and was called Adauchi (revenge).
- 米騒動での検事処分者は8185人におよび、被差別部落からはそのうちの1割を超える処分者が出た。
- The number of people who faced punishment by a prosecutor were 8,185 in rice riots and more than 10 percent of them were from the discriminated communities called buraku.
- 魚雷が火薬庫に当たったため後ろ3分の1の機関室を残して一瞬のうちに爆発し、吹き飛んでしまった。
- Because the torpedo hit the powder magazine, Sakaki instantly exploded and was blown off, leaving only a third of the ship: the machinery room at the rear.
- 藩領のうち、摂津国嶋下郡における領地は大阪府、大和山辺郡と式上郡は奈良県にそれぞれ編入された。
- Among the domain territory Shimashiro Country, Settsu Province is incorporated into Osaka Prefecture; Yamato Yamabe County and the Shikijo Country were incorporated into Nara Prefecture respectively.
- このうち、古活字本については宮内庁書陵部蔵本が、日本古典文学大系に附録としておさめられている。
- Among this, the old printed book owned by the Archive and Mausolea Department of the Imperial Household Agency was added as a supplemental edition to 'Complete Works of Japanese Classic Literature.'
- 地方勘定帳(じかたかんじょうちょう)は、年貢・小物成・運上・冥加などの出納・皆済後決算を扱う。
- Local account books used to record revenue and expenditure, as well as settlements after payments in full, for land taxes, miscellaneous taxes, public levies imposed on workers, license fees, etc.
- 重衡は29日に帰京し、この時持ち帰られた49の首級は、ことごとく溝や堀にうち捨てられたという。
- Shigehira returned to Kyoto on the 29th and it is said that 49 severed heads brought back then were all thrown out to ditches and moats.
- 一般家庭での普及はあるものの、藤原氏流(97家)の使用例は、うち7家のみであるといわれている。
- While fuji-mon design is widely used in general households, it is said that only seven (out of 97) families of the Fujiwara clan lineage use them.
- 生後7ヶ月と11日(数え年で2歳)で親王宣下・立太子し、その日のうちに践祚(歴代最年少即位)。
- He received the title of Prince by Imperial order when he was seven months and eleven days old (two years old by counting in the old Japanese way) and became Crown Prince, he then succeeded to the throne on the same day. (the youngest Emperor in the history)
- 記者の背後に突然現れ「おとうちゃんはここにおりますよ」と冗談めかして言い、驚かせたことがある。
- Then, by unexpectedly turning up behind the reporter while saying comically 'Dad is here,' the Emperor gave him a startle.
- しかし「館主連盟」が7月末には瓦解、5つのプロダクションのうち3つが解散を余儀なくされていく。
- However, the association collapsed at the end of July and three out of the five production companies were forced to disband.
- そうしているうちに吉良上野介が討ち取られて、赤穂浪士たちは引きあげてしまったという報告が入った。
- However, while they were doing so, they received the news that Kira no Kozuke no Suke was killed and Ako Roshi had already left the place.
- 乱の鎮圧の報告がまだ平城京に届かないうちに、聖武天皇は突如関東に下ると言い出し都を出てしまった。
- Emperor Shomu thought of going to Kanto suddenly and left the capital before a report of suppression of the war arrived at the Heijo-kyo.
- なお、加賀国は、弘仁14年(823年)に越前国のうち江沼・加賀の2郡を割いて建置された国である。
- Kaga Province was established in 823 by separating two counties of Enuma and Kaga from Echizen Province.
- だが、後者においては本夫が姦夫を「宿世の敵」として討ち取る婦敵討(めがたきうち)が行われていた。
- However, in the latter, megataki uchi (revenge on the adulterer) was practiced, in which a husband killed the adulterer as 'sukuse no teki' (fateful enemy).
- なお、このうち「旅宿問答」は『新続古事談』を引用しており、源瑜と公瑜はおなじ人物であるとされる。
- Among them, 'Ryoshuku mondo' referred to 'New continuation of Kojidan,' and Genyu and Koyu are considered to be one and the same.
- 工場の2階に寄宿していた女工49名のうち18名は脱出できたが、残りの31名が逃げ遅れて焼死した。
- Of the 49 female factory workers lodging on the second floor above the factory, 18 managed to escape but the remaining 31 were delayed in fleeing and were burned to death.
- 逆に大作といわれるネタや人情噺などのうちで特に難易度の高い作品を「大ネタ」と俗称することもある。
- In contrast, within the category ninjo-banashi, or of those performances which are considered masterpieces, works which are particularly difficult to perform are commonly called 'oneta.'
- 今後も順次3台が納入されることになっており、最終的に4台体制(うち寝台車1台)となる予定である。
- Three other cars will gradually be delivered from now and it will in fact be four cars (including 1 sleeping car) in the end.
- このうち、伊勢 (歌人)集と貫之集下は1929年に冊子の形を解体して一葉ずつの断簡に分割された。
- Among them, the collections of Ise (poet) and Tsurayuki were split into dankan (fragmentary pieces of a book) in 1929.
- そこで、弓兵が矢を槍の代わりにして戦う発想から発展していったのが、打根術(うちねじゅつ)である。
- Therefore, Uchine-jutsu (the art of Uchine) developed from the idea that archers use arrows instead of spears in battles.
- うち大字上鳥羽の一部は大正7年、下京区に編入され、「西九条」を冠称する6町に編成された(既述)。
- (As has been mentioned above) a part of Oaza Kamitoba was included in Shimogyo Ward in 1918 and was reorganized into six towns prefixed by 'Nishikujo.'
- うち前の4つは現在の下京区に属し、唐橋は昭和30年(1955年)の南区成立後は同区に属している。
- The first four Oaza belong to the current Shimogyo Ward and Karahashi has been a part of Minami Ward since its establishment in 1955.
- 小辺路が越えて行くのは、これら紀伊山地の山々のうち伯母子山脈・果無山脈といった西部の山々である。
- Among those mountains of the Kii Mountains, Kohechi goes across the western mountains such as the Obako Mountain Range and the Hatenashi Mountain Range.
- 正統派は久原を総裁に任命し、革新派は旧昭和会のうち望月圭介・山崎達之輔ら政友会出身者を合流させた。
- The orthodoxy faction appointed Kuhara to the president and the reformists invited Keisuke MOCHIZUKI and Tatsunosuke YAMAZAKI from the former Showa Party who had originally belonged to the Seiyu Party.
- 旧居留地(きゅうきょりゅうち)とは、主に安政五カ国条約によってできた外国人の治外法権の区画をさす。
- The Former Foreign Settlement is the section of exterritoriality for foreigners built mainly based on the Ansei Five-Power Treaties.
- なお、末期の和人地に相当する地域には、後に北海道 (令制)11国86郡のうち下記の国郡が置かれた。
- In addition, in the area corresponding to the Wajinchi at the end of its history, the following provinces and counties were established among 11 provinces and 86 counties which are later of Hokkaido (According to the system of Ritsuryo codes.)
- 勘定帳(かんじょうちょう)とは、米や大豆、金・銀などの収支決算を行うために作成した会計帳簿の1つ。
- Kanjosho is a kind of account book prepared for settlement of balances on rice, soy beans, gold, silver and others.
- そのうち叔母の夫が大宰大弐となり、叔母は末摘花が頼りにしていた乳母子の侍従を連れて行ってしまった。
- Before long, her aunt's husband became Senior Assistant Governor-General of Kyushu, and her aunt took the wet nurse whom Suetsumuhana depended on with her as housekeeper.
- 全30巻より成り、このうち巻二~六、巻二十~三十の計16巻と、巻一及び巻七~十四の抄記が現存する。
- The book consists of 30 volumes in total, and of these, 16 volumes (volume 2 to 6 and volume 20 to 30) are extant, and abridged transcripts of volume 1 and volume 7 to 14 have also survived.
- その後帥宮と和歌や手紙などを取り交わし、また数度の訪問を受けるうちにお互いを深く愛する関係となる。
- She begins to correspond with Prince Sochi through waka and letters, and meets him during his occasional visits, and before long, they fall deep in love with each other.
- 班田資格者を記した授口帳(じゅこうちょう)とともにセットとして扱われ、校田授口帳とも呼ばれている。
- The kodencho put together with a jukocho, a record of qualified handen (allotted farmland) owners, was also called koden-jukocho.
- 出産後母女三宮は突然出家、父源氏も過去の因果が忘れられず、表向きは可愛がるもうちとけられずにいた。
- After childbirth, Onna Sannomiya, his mother, suddenly became a nun and his father, Genji, also could not forget past karma and although he outwardly treated the baby kindly, he could not do so without reservation.
- 仕切りを繰り返すうちに、両者の気合いが乗り、共にその気になった瞬間に立ち上がるのが本来の形である。
- The ideal tachiai is such that two spirited wrestlers stand up when both wrestlers are fully motivated after repeating shikiri.
- 由良之助たちは「先祖代々、我々も代々、昼夜詰めたる館のうち」もう今日で終わりかと名残惜しげに去る。
- Yuranosuke and others leave the scene reluctantly saying, 'This is the last time for us to see the castle where we, as well as our ancestors, worked around-the-clock.'
- 後世『義経千本桜』『仮名手本忠臣蔵』と共に義太夫狂言の三大名作と評価された作品のうちの最初のもの。
- It was the first work that was evaluated as three greatest Gidayu Kyogen works along with'Yoshitsune Senbonzakura' (Yoshitsune and One Thousand Cherry Trees) and 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers).
- 1992年の調査では、3万台以上の人力車が営業中で、そのうち6千台が違法車両や未許可車両であった。
- In 1992, it was estimated that over 30,000 jinrikisha were operating, including 6,000 illegal or unauthorized vehicles.
- そのうち日本武尊は熊襲征討に行かせたことから、彼は万一成務天皇に何かあった場合の予備だったらしい。
- Among them, since YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto was sent to an expedition against Kumaso (a tribe living in the ancient Kyushu district), Iokiiribiko no miko was considered as a reserve in case something happened to Emperor Seimu.
- 鎌倉時代初期には、国衙領や、荘園のうち皇室・公家や寺社の領地には、武家の支配がおよんでいなかった。
- In the early days of the Kamakura period, samurai had not yet begun to challenge the ownership of kokugaryo (public) lands and shoen (private estates) by the Imperial household, the aristocracy (the Court nobles), and the temples and shrines.
- 新政府軍はいくつかの街道のうち、同盟軍の裏をかいて母成峠から侵攻し激戦(母成峠の戦い)が行われた。
- The new government's forces advanced by way of the Bonari-toge from out of several highways to circumvent the allied forces, and a fierce battle (the Battle of Bonari-toge) was waged.
- これは首露王と王妃許氏の間に10人の息子がおり、そのうち2人に許姓を名乗らせたと言う事から来ている。
- This stems from the fact that King Suro-wang and his wife from the Heo clan had ten sons, two of which were given the family name of Heo.
- このうち、特に後段の東国行政権の公認をめぐっては、鎌倉幕府成立の画期として積極的に評価する説がある。
- Especially for the latter part that is the delegation of the administrative authority on the Togoku region to Yoritomo, there is a theory that positively values it as a ground-breaking event for the establishment of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
- 金工、漆工、染織、陶磁、刀剣、甲冑など各種のものがあり、このうち刀剣類が全体のほぼ半数を占めている。
- This category includes a wide variety of craftworks including those made of metal, lacquer, works of dyeing and weaving, ceramics, swords, and armor; swords account for roughly half the total number of crafts considered national treasures.
- このため、天平2年(730年)より暦生のうち優秀者2名を暦得業生として給費を行うなどの措置を取った。
- In a bid to reverse the situation, various programs got underway in 730, including the establishment of a scholarship program that offered financial aid to two reki tokugyo no sho (reki students) chosen from among the excellent reki no sho.
- この国号表記欠落は初期の普通切手「手彫切手」を除けば、二十世紀に発行された2例のうちのひとつである。
- This is one of the only two stamps issued in the 20th century without the name of the country, except for 'hand-carved stamps', which were ordinary stamps in early days.
- 北上川の西に3箇所に分かれて駐屯していた朝廷軍のうち、中軍と後軍の4000が川を渡って東岸を進んだ。
- From the Imperial army having stayed in three places in the west of the Kitakami-gawa River, 4000 soldiers of the middle and rear troops crossed the river to the east bank.
- このうち、少なくとも水上・山本小出氏、倉見小出氏、大藪小出氏が旗本札を発行したことが確認されている。
- It has been confirmed that, of them, at least the Minokami and Yamamoto-Koide clans, the Kurami-Koide clan, and the Oyabu-Koide clan issued Hatamoto-satsu.
- 余剰人員のうち優秀な者が親衛隊的な性格の奥詰銃隊や遊撃隊(奥詰の後身)などとして陸軍へと編入された。
- Among redundant soldiers, excellent members were transferred to rikugun as soldiers of okuzume musket unit, which was a kind of bodyguard organization, or as soldiers of Yugekitai (command unit who backs up okuzume).
- 風水では天円地方の思想のうち地方の部分が形骸化しており、地方を天円と同じく重くみる陰陽道とは異なる。
- The 'Chiho'part of 'Tenen-Chiho'became obsolete in Fusui theory, thus distinguishing it from Onmyodo, which places equal emphasis on both elements.
- 大学之助、瀬左衛門等が駆け付け詮議するうち、八内の金子の刻印から以前多賀家から盗まれたことが分かる。
- Daigakunosuke and Sezaemon come to the scene and investigate them, and discover that the imprint on the Hachinai's money indicates that it was stolen from the Taga family before.
- 糸印は根付の起源として有力で、舶載された糸印を帯に提げるうちに日本独自の根付が発達したとものとする。
- Itoin is reliable as the origin of netsuke, and it is assumed that Japanese original netsuke has been developed with the shipped itoin hung on an obi.
- もともとは、皇族・貴族が集い和歌(短歌)を披露しあう「歌会」のうち、その年の始めに行なうものを指す。
- It originally refers to 'Utakai' in which the Imperial Family and the nobility read waka (traditional Japanese poems of thirty-one syllables) at the beginning of the New Year.
- 男物の角帯のうち、1にならってやわらかい生地で作ったものも、現在では「兵児帯」と称されることがある。
- At present, kaku-obi for males that is made of soft textile is sometimes called 'heko obi.'
- 彼女は業平が自分に送ってくれた「筒井筒」の歌を口ずさむうちに、自分が老いてしまった事に気付かされる。
- As she sings a poem from 'Tsutsuizutsu' which Narihira sent her, she realizes that she has grown old.
- 天皇は同年10月13日に江戸城へ到着、江戸城はその日のうちに東幸の皇居と定められ東京城と改称された。
- The emperor arrived at Edo castle on October 13, 1868 and that was then renamed Tokyo castle and recognized as the east imperial castle.
- なお、正安3年11月(1301年)に薩摩国甑島列島の沖に異国船が出現し、うち1隻から襲撃を受けている。
- Meanwhile, in November 1301, foreign ships appeared offshore near the Koshikijima Islands in Satsuma Province, and one of them made an attack.
- 事件名は、処刑された重臣のうちの筆頭格である渡辺在綱の家が「青松葉」といわれていたことからとっている。
- The name of the incident comes from 'Aomatsuba' which was the name of the house of Aritsuna WATANABE who was the head of the executed vassals.
- 1951年天守等7棟がに重要文化財に指定、うち2棟(天守、附櫓、および、多聞櫓)がに国宝に指定された。
- In 1951seven structures of the castle including tenshu were designated as Important Cultural Property, and among them two structures (tenshu, tsuke-yagura (Connecting Tower) and Tamon yagura (hall turrets)) were designated as National Treasure.
- これらは各神社の祭神に奉納された衣服調度類一括で、1件のうちに染織、漆工、刀装具など各種のものを含む。
- Such sacred treasures are bundles of various clothing and furnishings offered to the god of the shrine in question, and so each such bundle includes items of multiple categories such as dyeing and weaving, lacquerwork, sword fittings and so forth.
- 夜、本荘に本営を移し、ここでの軍議でもめているうちに、官軍の第1および第2旅団は本格的に南下し始めた。
- In the evening, the 1st and 2nd brigades of the government army began marching south on a full scale, when the Satsuma army had moved the headquarters to Honjo and was holding a council of war, which was thrown into confusion.
- わざと修羅場を演じて源典侍を仰天させた二人は、調子に乗って掴み合いをするうちにぼろぼろになってしまう。
- They pretended to have a huge battle and startled Gen no Naishinosuke, but they got carried away by the fight and were exhausted.
- これらの謀反にかかわる内容のうち、川島皇子の密告については、都倉義孝ら、虚構であろうとする論者もある。
- Some scholars, such as Yoshitaka TOKURA, claim that the part of Prince Kawashima's betrayal in this treason would be fiction.
- 全204条からなり、そのうち150条を基本的人権について触れ、国民の権利保障に重きをおいたものである。
- The constitution draft consists of 204 Articles in total and 150 Articles which mention basic human rights put emphasis on the assurance of civil rights.
- 土地調査事業(1910年~1918年)で日本が接収した土地のうちから1万1400町歩が現物出資される。
- 11,400 chobo (approx. 11,400 hectares) of the land that had been condemned by Japan based on the Comprehensive Land Survey in Korea (from 1910 to 1918) were portioned out as an investment in kind.
- 1871年時点での居留地見廻役の職員は、外国人20人(うち清国人が7人)、日本人41人の陣容であった。
- As of 1871, the personnel of the Mimawariyaku included 20 foreigners (of which seven were subjects of Qing China) and 41 Japanese.
- 海軍伝習に訪れたオランダ海軍の教師団のうちの海兵隊員らから、歩兵戦闘や隊員の指導を受けたこともあった。
- They had received trainings including the training on the battle of foot soldiers from the marines among the Dutch army's instructors who visited for navy training.
- しかし、後堀河の系統も次代の四条天皇が幼年のうちに没したことで断絶し、皇位は再び後鳥羽の系統へ戻った。
- Unfortunately, the Imperial line of Emperor Gohorikawa discontinued after the second Emperor, Emperor Shijo died young, the Imperial throne again went back to Emperor Gotoba's Imperial lineage.
- また本来交互に演じられる三つの筋のうちの一つの筋に該当する部分を抜き出して上演することもある(例2)。
- Also, sometimes one of the three main stories are selected and the relevant scenes are performed (example 2).
- 寛永年間に20歳ばかりの村民の娘が、恍惚状態のうちに一晩、鋳(カネ)山の役人と自称する男子と出逢った。
- In the Kanei era, a village girl aged around 20 met in a state of rapture a man who was a self-professed official of Kaneyama and spent a night with him.
- 」と記されており、一般的には三種の神器のうち天叢雲剣は壇ノ浦の戦いで一度失われていると考えられている。
- In general, this seems to suggest that of the Imperial Regalia, the Sword was lost at one point at the battle of Dannoura.
- 14口の銅鐸のうち、特に4号銅鐸と5号銅鐸は人物、動物などの略画が鋳出されたもので、資料的に貴重である。
- Among 14 dotaku, No. 4 and 5, on which sketches of men and animals were cast, are especially valuable materials.
- このうち、不平士族を中心にした段階の運動を士族民権、農村指導者層を中心にした段階の運動を豪農民権という。
- The movement dominated by dissatisfied shizoku was termed the 'Shizoku Minken' (Popular rights movement among shizoku), whereas one dominated by leading members in rural villages was called the 'Gono Minken' (Popular rights movement among wealthy farmers).
- 秀吉方で功名をあげた兵のうち以下の7人は後世に賤ヶ岳の七本槍(しずがたけ の しちほんやり)と呼ばれる。
- Among those who had achieved the greatest feats on the Hideyoshi side, the following seven warriors came to be called the 'Seven Spears of Shizugatake' by later generations.
- 国衙に納める官物・雑役のうち、雑役を免除されて官物だけを納める田地を雑役免田(ぞうえきめんでん)と言う。
- Rice fields exempt from Zoeki (odd-job tasks) but not Kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes) collected by the kokuga (provincial government offices) were called Zoeki Menden
- 輸租田(ゆそでん)とは、律令制における田地の課税方式の区分のうち、田租を国家へ納めることが定められた田。
- The term 'Yusoden' means rice fields on which denso (rice field tax) was imposed under the taxation system of Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the Ritsuryo Code).
- 平安京の遷都が延暦13年(794年)であり、平安京の鴻臚館は3つのうちで最も遅くに設立された客館となる。
- Considering the historical background that the national capital was transferred to Heian-kyo in 794, Korokan in Heian-kyo was the latest guest house among the three Korokan.
- 西郷軍が熊本城下に着かないうちにすでに政府側は征討の詔を出し、西郷軍の邀撃(ようげき)に動き出していた。
- Before Saigo's army entered the town of Kumamoto Castle, the government had issued an Imperial edict to defeat the army and mobilized troops to intercept it.
- これにより身動きのとれなくなっていた最前列の学生15名が浅瀬に落下、うち7名が骨折を含む重軽傷を負った。
- As the students in the front had been stuck between students and officers, fifteen students fell into the shallow water and as a result seven students were injured either slightly or seriously including fractures.
- それを慰めるうちに彼女に恋情を抱きはじめた薫に中の君は当惑するが、無事男子を出産して安定した地位を得る。
- While Kaoru consoles Naka no Kimi, he comes to feel affection toward her, which makes her confused, but after she safely gives birth to a baby boy, her position becomes more stable.
- このうち『天書』は古史古伝の類とはいえず、他の二書も超古代文書というほどの内容をもっているわけではない。
- Among them, 'Tensho' isn't a koshi koden, and the other two contain nothing that would make them chokodai monjo.
- 三国志における蜀の皇帝 劉備に仕えた忠臣のうち、特にその功績が大きかった3人、諸葛亮・関羽・張飛を指す。
- refers to Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei, the three men who made the greatest achievements of the loyal subjects who served Liu Bei, Emperor of Shu of Sangokushi (The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms).
- 旗本札を発行した旗本の知行地の分布は、江戸期に存在した6郡のうち、桑田郡、何鹿郡、氷上郡に分布している。
- The chigyo-chi of the Hatamoto who issued Hatamoto-satsu ranged in Kuwata County, Ikaruga County and Hikami County of the six counties that existed in the Edo period.
- 北上川の西に3箇所に分かれて駐屯していた朝廷軍のうち、中軍と後軍の4,000名が川を渡って東岸を進んだ。
- About four thousand soldiers from the central and rear forces of the Imperial army stationed at three locations to the west of Kitakami-gawa River crossed the river and marched along the east bank.
- 臨時発兵規定で想定されていた兵とは、軍団 (古代日本)や健児ではなく、百姓のうち弓馬に通じた者であった。
- The soldiers supposed in the specifications of rinji-hatsuhei were neither those belonging to gundan (in ancient Japan) nor strong adults, but farmers who were skilled at using bows and at riding a horse.
- 日本では、無形の民俗文化財のうち特に重要なものを重要無形民俗文化財として国が指定し保存措置を講じている。
- In Japan, the Government designates especially important items among intangible folk-cultural properties as important intangible folk-cultural properties and takes protective measures.
- 杯を重ねるうちに、酔った弥助が袖をまくると、その腕の彫り物から弥助が塩冶家の御用金を盗んだ盗賊と知れる。
- Yasuke gets drunk on the sake and tucks up his sleeves, then Sangoro sees the tattoo on Yasuke's arm and notices that Yasuke was the thief who stole the goyokin of the Enya family.
- 4.無形の民俗文化財のうち前3号には該当しないが、重要有形民俗文化財の特質を理解するために特に必要なもの
- 4. Immaterial folk cultural properties that are not applicable to the above three numbers yet are especially necessary in order to understand the characteristics of important tangible folk cultural properties.
- このうち焼香も形状によって、棒状、コイル状、渦巻状の線香・粉末状の抹香に別けられるが、種類は多種に上る。
- Among them, shoko is divided according to their shapes, into senko which are in the forms of a stick, coil, or whorl, and makko which are in powder; but there are many variations.
- そのうちの4人はその後さらに皇太后に転じているが、その際はあらためて皇太后宮職が設置されて奉仕している。
- Four of them became Empress Dowagers later, and were served by Kotaigogushiki which was established for each of them.
- 810年代のうちは右大臣藤原園人主導のもと、有力貴族・寺社を抑制し貧民救済を重視する政策がとられていた。
- During 810's, Udaijin (minister of the right), FUJIWARA no Sonohito took the initiative in policies that controlled powerful peerage and temples, shrines, and focused on relief of the poor.
- 料亭5社のうち、船場吉兆は不祥事が立て続けに発覚しグループ他社から支援を得られず、2008年5月に廃業。
- Among the five companies operating Japanese-style restaurants, Senba Kitcho discontinued its business in May 2008 due to the successive scandals, and was unable to receive support from other companies in the group.
- ウマの足のたたないところにくると平首に沿って下り、轡をとりたすけてすすみ、臀後にしりぞいてうちわたした。
- When the water got too deep for the horse to touch the bottom of the river, the rider dismounted from the horse at its neck, helped it with going forward holding the bit, and then the rider moved behind the horse to drive it on.
- 後世『菅原伝授手習鑑』『仮名手本忠臣蔵』と共に義太夫狂言の三大名作のうちの二作目と評されるようになった。
- Along with 'Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami' (Sugawara's secrets of calligraphy) and 'Kanadehon Chushingura' (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers), which were created subsequently, Yoshitsune Senbonzakura came to be referred to as one of the three greatest works of Gidayu Kyogen (Kabuki adaptations of puppet plays).
- 荘園公領制の展開に伴って荘園領主への貢納のうち、国衙領でいう官物にあたるものが年貢と呼ばれるようになる。
- Following the development of the shoen koryo sei (system of public lands and private estates), a part of the tribute paid to the lord of shoen (manor in medieval Japan), which was equivalent to the Kanmotsu for kokuga-ryo (territories governed by provincial government office), was called Nengu (land tax).
- 『古事記』や『日本書紀』では神功皇后の三韓征伐などで活躍した武内宿禰(たけしうちのすくね)を祖としている。
- According to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the Soga clan descended from TAKESHIUCHI no Sukune who achieved great success in the Sankan Seibatsu (Punitive Expeditions Against the Three Korean Kingdoms) led by Empress Jingu.
- そのうち持貞と将軍側室との密通が露見したとして処刑されてしまい、満祐は赦免され三国の守護職を相続している。
- Before very long, Mochisada was executed for commiting adultery with a concubine of Shogun and Mitsusuke was pardoned and inherited the position of shugo of three provinces.
- 外国人居留地(がいこくじんきょりゅうち)は、政府が外国人の居留及び交易区域として特に定めた一定地域をいう。
- The term 'foreign settlement' ('gaikokujin kyoryuchi' in Japanese) refers to one of the demarcated areas of land created by the government that were specifically set aside as places in which foreigners could reside and trade.
- 検注帳(けんちゅうちょう)とは、古代・中世の日本の荘園において検注の結果を集計して取りまとめた帳簿のこと。
- Kenchucho refers to ledgers for recording the results of kenchu (land surveys) in shoen (manors) during ancient and medieval times in Japan.
- しかし清朝の対応は遅れ、そうしているうちに日露両国が開戦し、自国の領土で他国同士が戦うという事態となった。
- However the Qing Dynasty Russo-Japanese War erupted before the Qing could mount a coherent response, leading to a situation in which two foreign countries fought on Qing territory.
- さらには足利将軍家にも献上されたことなどから、鉄砲製造技術は短期間のうちに複数のルートで本土に伝えられた。
- A matchlock gun was also presented to the Ashikaga shogunate around the same time, indicating that the technology of gun manufacturing was introduced into the mainland through several routes in a short period.
- 病に臥せっているうちに興義は、自分が死んだことにも気づかないで、杖を頼りに琵琶湖にまで出て、入り、泳いだ。
- While Kogi was sick in bed, he didn't notice that he was dead and instead went to Lake Biwa, with the use of his walking stick, and swam there.
- このうち13棟は、桜島起源の火山灰桜島桜島の地層に覆われていることから、同じ時に存在したものと推定できる。
- The thirteen out of fourty-six dwellings were covered within the Sakurajima Island's stratum, the volcanic ash originated in Sakurajima Island; therefore, it is assumed that they existed during the same time period.
- しかし、降雨により道がぬかるんでいたため、6人のうち一番後ろにいた者が転倒、それを多数の暴徒が暴行し殺害。
- However, one of the officers among six fell over, due to the sludgy road after raining, and many violent followers attacked and killed the officer.
- 礼を述べた二人が孫七と話すをするうち、与兵衛は多賀家の家臣高橋瀬左衛門の弟で、孫七は瀬左衛門の旧臣と知る。
- They thank Magoshichi and chat with him, and then it is disclosed that Yohei is the younger brother of Sezaemon TAKAHASHI, a vassal of the Taga family, whom Magoshichi used to serve.
- 日本では、有形の民俗文化財のうち特に重要なものを重要有形民俗文化財として国が指定し、保護措置を講じている。
- In Japan, the Government designates especially important items of tangible folk-cultural properties as important tangible folk-cultural properties, and takes protective measures.
- 登山時に天皇の姿が見えなくなった折、取材のため同行した記者が天皇のことをうっかり「おとうちゃん」と呼んだ。
- When a reporter missed the Emperor while climbing a mountain, who was accompanying the Emperor for collecting data, the reporter tried to find him by calling 'Dad' by mistake.
- 月の光に照らされながら舞っているうちに女は「「月やあらぬ 春や昔」と詠んだのはいつのことだろうか」と呟く。
- As she dances in the moonlight she mutters, 'when was it that I sang 'the moon is not the moon from long ago, the spring of long ago.''
- 上述の3策のうち、高麗ルートを選ばせたのもモンゴル兵力が高麗から離れてしまうことを恐れたためとも考えられる。
- In addition, the reason for recommending the route via Goryeo among the three plans described above might have been to prevent the Mongol army from leaving Goryeo.
- 将軍徳川綱吉は朝廷との儀式を台無しにされたことに激怒し、浅野内匠頭を即日のうちに切腹、浅野氏の断絶を命じた。
- Shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA became very angry, since the ceremony with the Imperial court was ruined, and ordered Asano Takumi no Kami to commit seppuku on the same day, as well as the elimination of the Asano clan.
- 家老(かろう)とは、武家の家臣団のうち最高の地位にあった役職で、複数人おり合議によって政治・経済を補佐した。
- Karo was the highest post available for the retainers of a samurai family, and more than one person occupied the post to consult with and assist the master with political and economical affairs.
- また、文化財保護法によって国宝(新国宝)に指定された物件のうち、重要文化財に「格下げ」された例は1件もない。
- Moreover, among those items designated (new) national treasures under the provisions of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, not a single item has ever been 'downgraded' to the status of important cultural property.
- 災はまたたく間に都の西北に向かって燃え広がり、朱雀門・大極殿・大学寮・民部省などが一夜のうちに灰燼に帰した。
- Soon the fire spread to the northwest of the capital, and overnight Suzakumon, Daigokuden, the Daigakuryo Organization and Minbusho Department, etc., were reduced to ashes.
- これらのうち、同国の全ての藩及び自ら陣屋を構えて領地経営を行っていた旗本のほぼ全てが藩札・旗本札を発行した。
- Of them, all of the clans and almost all of the Hatamoto who placed their jinya offices to manage their territories in the province issued Han-satsu or Hatamoto-satsu.
- 大日本帝国憲法下で皇室財産は御料(ごりょう)あるいは御料地(ごりょうち)と呼ばれ、帝国議会の統制外にあった。
- Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, Imperial property was called 'goryo' (Imperial property) or 'goryochi' (Imperial estate) and was left outside of Imperial Diet control.
- それを生業とする無宿渡世人や、または興じる庶民を、「鉄火打」(てっかうち・博打打のこと)というようになった。
- Homeless gangsters who made a living by gambling, or common people who enjoyed gambling came to be called 'Tekka uchi' (gamblers).
- 翌年の元慶7年(883年)に野宮に入るが、群行しないうちに元慶8年(884年)陽成天皇の退位により退下した。
- In 883, the next year, she entered Nonomiya (Field Palace for imperial princesses to purify themselves), but before gunko (to go into Ise Shrine after the period of the purification), she resigned from Ise Saigu because of the Emperor Yozei's abdication from the throne in 884.
- 当初は地頭職というものはなく、あくまで荘官や郷司、保司のうち幕府と主従関係を結んだものが地頭と呼ばれていた。
- At first there was no such thing as Jito shiki (manager and lord of a private estate), but among shokan, Goji and hoji only the ones who established the relationship between lord and vassal with the bakufu were called jito.
- 刀剣のうち片刃のものである日本刀は平安時代中期以後、直刀から彎刀へ移行し、操刀技法も変化、発達したとみられる。
- The Japanese sword which is a single-edged sword is considered to have changed from a straight sword to wanto (scimitar), and sword-wielding techniques were also changed and developed after the middle of the Heian period.
- - 倒幕・明治維新に尽力した藩士・諸士のうち、特に功績の大きかった3人、木戸孝允・西郷隆盛・大久保利通を指す。
- referst to Takayoshi KIDO, Takamori SAIGO, and Toshimichi OKUBO, the three men who made the greatest achievements of the feudal retainers of domain and shoshi who made contributions to the overthrowing of the Shogunate and the Meiji Restoration.
- 太子道(たいしみち)とは、日本の古代道路、街道のうち、聖徳太子が通ったとされ、その通称がつけられたものをさす。
- Taishimichi refer to Japan's ancient roads that are taken by Prince Shotoku and which have common name.
- 法性坊が印を結んで真言をとなえると火は消え、その煙のうちに菅原道真の霊は能能舞台めがけて走り去り、幕内に入る。
- When Hossho-bo makes In (shapes made with fingers to invoke supernatural power) and chants Shingon (words to be chanted to invoke divine help), the fire is put out and, in the smoke of it, the ghost of Michizane SUGAWARA rushes away to the noh stage and enters inside the curtain.
- 保護の対象にするべきとして、特別天然記念物に指定されており、うち春日山の照葉樹林は国の名勝にも指定されている。
- To protect the area, Kasugayama Primeval Forest is designated as a special natural treasure, and the laurel forest of Mt. Kasuga is designated as a state scenic beauty.
- 入学資格としては郡司の子弟のうち13-16歳の聡明な者とされていたが、場合によっては庶民の子弟の入学を許した。
- Although sons of gunji (local magistrate) who were 13 - 16 years old and clever were eligible for entrance, sons of ordinary people were also allowed to enter in some instances.
- このうち大阪府の陶邑窯跡群は日本列島最大であり、天皇陵を含むと考えられている百舌鳥古墳群と地理的に近接している。
- Among these ruins of kilns, Suemura ruins of kilns in Osaka Prefecture is the largest in Japan and is located close to Mozu burial mounds which is considered to have the Imperial mausoleum.
- 従五位下以上と六位の蔵人は、昇殿を許されたために殿上人、太政官のうち従三位以上もしくは参議のことを公卿と呼んだ。
- High officials of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and above and Kurodo (imperial archives keepers) of Rokui (Sixth Rank) were called Tenjobito (a high-ranking courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace) because they had access to the imperial court; and the Daijokan (Grand Councils of State) members of Jusani (Junior Third Rank) and higher and Sangi (councilors) were called Kugyo (high court nobles).
- 元亀元年(1570年)に始まった石山合戦は本願寺の歴史優勢のうちに進み、織田信長は石山本願寺を攻めあぐねていた。
- In the Ishiyama War which began in 1570, the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple held onto the advantage and Nobunaga ODA had a tough time against it.
- 東の帳台の西南角に幔を引いて小哥(当世の歌を歌う人)の座、北庇塗籠のうちを大師(舞姫に舞を教える人)の局とする。
- The southwest corner of the east chodai was curtained off for a kouta (a person who sung contemporary songs) and the north nurigome was allocated as the daishi no tsubone (a room for daishi (a teacher of the dancers)).
- 和歌山県金剛峯寺蔵「善女龍王像」は久安元年(1145年)の定智(じょうち)筆の仏画であり、国宝に指定されている。
- The 'Image of Zennyo Ryuo' possessed by Kongobu-ji Temple in Wakayama Prefecture was a Buddhist painting painted by Jochi during 1145, and is designated as a national treasure.
- その夜、秋好中宮が死霊となって苦しむ母六条御息所の慰霊のため出家したいと源氏にうちあけるが、源氏はこれを諌める。
- At night, Empress Akikonomu confesses to Genji that she wants to become a priestess to console the spirit of her mother Rokujo no Miyasudokoro, whose spirit is still in agony even after death, while Genji persuades her not to do so.
- 少年期比叡山で修学したが離山、後に仁和寺に入寺し、「袖中抄(しゅうちゅうしょう)」など多くの歌学書を著している。
- As a boy, he studied in Mt. Hiei but left there, and later he entered Ninna-ji Temple, writing many books on waka poetry such as 'Shochusho.'
- 院庁牒(いんのちょうちょう)は、太上天皇の院庁より、被管関係にない官司や僧綱などに対して出した牒形式の命令文書。
- Innochocho is an order document in a form of cho (a kind of document formats) issued by In no cho of Daijo Tenno (the Retired Emperor) to officials and Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs) that were not under its jurisdiction.
- 重要文化財(第27条第1項):文部科学大臣は、有形文化財のうち重要なものを「重要文化財」に指定することができる。
- Important Cultural Property (Item 1, Article 27): The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology may designate 'important cultural properties' which are important products among the tangible cultural properties.
- そのうちのひとつ『面向不背の珠(釈迦の像が必ず正面にみえる不思議な宝珠)』をこの地で竜宮にとられてしまいました。
- Among them, the 'Menko huhai no tama (a strange oval treasure that always reflects the frontal image of Shaka from every angle)' was stolen in this land by the Palace of the Dragon King.
- このうち、ハクジラに属するマッコウクジラは、日本では鯨油目的で捕鯨が行われた地域の食材として使われたことはある。
- Of them, the sperm whales belonging to odontoceti were once used as a foodstuff in the areas where the whales were hunt for whale oil in Japan.
- 吉宗が将軍に就任したとき、薬込役のうち十数人の者たちが吉宗に随行して江戸に移り、幕臣に編入されて、御庭番となった。
- When Yoshimune became shogun, more than a dozen of the kusurigomeyaku came to Edo with Yoshimune and were incorporated as Shogun's retainer to become his oniwaban.
- その日(9月7日)のうちに尼御台政子の命で頼家は将軍職を剥奪された上伊豆国修善寺へ幽閉され、実朝が将軍職を継いだ。
- Within the same day (October 20), Yoriie was stripped of the shogunship and confined in Shuzen-ji Temple by Ama midai Masako's order and Sanetomo assumed the shogunship.
- 三都(さんと)とは、江戸時代に江戸幕府直轄都市であった都市のうち、その規模が極めて大きかった京・大坂・江戸を指す。
- Santo is a corrective term referring to the three largest cities, namely, Kyo, Osaka and Edo, out of those controlled under the direct administration of the shogunate during the Edo period.
- それは、1882年に鳥取県より出された全士族のうちの9割が既に金禄公債を売却してしまったという報告書に現れている。
- An report issued by Tottori Prefecture in 1882, which said that 90% of all the former warriors had already sold their public bonds, verified this fact.
- 1869年(明治2年)8月10日 (旧暦)、久美浜県のうち但馬(一部除く)、播磨、美作3カ国が分離し、生野県が設置
- September 15, 1869: Tajima (except a part), Harima and Mimasaka were separated from Kumihama Prefecture and consolidated into Ikuno Prefecture.
- 萩古丁銀(はぎこちょうぎん):無銘の丁銀で石州丁銀(せきしゅうちょうぎん)ともいい、出土地にちなみ萩市と称される。
- Hagiko Chogin: Chogin without a hallmark, also called as Sekishu Chogin, are thought to be made in Hagi City.
- 署名者には公卿と諸侯のほか、同年5月に天皇に直属する朝臣となった旧幕府旗本のうち千石以上の領地を持つ者も加わった。
- Other than Kugyo and lords, former hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) holding more than 1,000 koku territory, who became direct retainers of the Emperor in May of the same year joined.
- また、勅旨をそのまま太政官符に書き写した(「謄」)謄勅符(とうちょくふ)も騰勅符の一部であり、しばしば混同される。
- The copied ('謄') tochokufu that the chokushi (imperial order) is transcribed to a Daijokanpu without change is also a part of the tochokufu, and they are often mixed up.
- このうち、二条師基については、実の親子ではなく、後村上天皇の女御になるにあたって猶子となったとの見解も有力である。
- It is a dominant view that Moromoto NIJO was not her real father but adopted her when she became the nyogo of Emperor Gomurakami.
- 定着した新語彙のうちのいくつかは、その後東アジアにおとずれた日本ブームによって、隣国の中国や李氏朝鮮にも伝播した。
- Some of the new vocabulary settled down were also transmitted to neighboring countries, that is, China and Joseon Dynasty, through later Japanese boom in the East Asia.
- 幸い、東海道において官軍は一度の戦闘もなく江戸に到着し、4月11日(新暦5月3日)江戸城は無血のうちに開城される。
- Luckily the government army did not experience any battles until they reached Edo, the Edo castle was opened on April 11 without any bloodshed.
- 登録記念物:国または地方公共団体の指定を受けていない記念物(おもに近代のもの)のうち、保存と活用が特に必要なもの。
- Registered Monuments: Monuments particularly requiring preservation and good use, among those (mainly modern ones) not designated by the national government or a local public body.
- 桂離宮の書院は「古書院」「中書院」「新御殿」の3つの部分に分かれ、このうち古書院の建設は1615年頃と推定される。
- The Shoin of Katsura Rikyu separated into three sections, 'Kosho in,' 'Chusho in' and 'Shin Goten,' and the Kosho in was presumed to be built in 1615.
- - 難破した遣唐使船(高田根麻呂)の生存者5人のうち、筏を作って助けを求めた門部金を褒め、その位を進め禄を授けた。
- - Among the five who survived the shipwreck of the envoy to Tang (TAKADA no Nemaro), he commended MONBU Kin who built a raft and sought help, raising his rank and offering a stipend.
- 三野王もそのうちにあり、11年(682年)3月1日に宮内官の大夫たちとともに新城に行って地形を見るよう命じられた。
- Mino no Okimi was one of the member of investigation group and ordered to go to Shinshiro (新城) together with a chief of the office of the Imperial palace to investigate topography on April 16, 682.
- 承和4年8月26日(837年9月29日)に内裏殿上において元服の儀式が行われ、その日のうちに従四位下に叙せられた。
- On October 3, 837, the ceremony of attaining manhood was held in dairi tenjo (Imperial Palace) and on the same day, he was awarded the rank of Jushiinoge (Junior Forth Rank, Lower Grade).
- 法隆寺金堂壁画のうち大壁の壁画12面は1949年の火災で焼損し、小壁の飛天の壁画20面のみが焼損をまぬがれている。
- Out of the wall paintings of Kondo (the Golden Pavilion) of the Horyu-ji Temple, the twelve mural paintings on the large walls burned down by the fire which broke out in 1949, and only 20 mural paintings of Hiten (a flying, music-playing Buddhist angel) escaped the fire.
- 我が国民以外の人々に係る有形の民俗文化財又はその収集であって、我が国民の生活文化との関連を示すもののうち重要なもの
- An important tangible folk cultural property of foreign people or its collection that has a relationship with Japanese life and culture.
- 武田観柳斎率いる新選組隊士15名と、前日より応援として派遣されていた会津藩士20名のうち5名が共に捕縛に向かった。
- Fifteen members of Shinsengumi led by Kanryusai TAKEDA and five out of twenty retainers of Aizu clan who had been dispatched the day before for supporting Shinsengumi went to arrest the masterless samurai.
- 内蔵寮の起源は律令制以前の三蔵、大蔵(おおくら)・内蔵(うちくら)・斎蔵(いみくら)の一つである内蔵にさかのぼる。
- The origins of the Kuraryo can be traced to Uchikura, which is one of the Mitsunokura (Okura, Uchikura, and Imikura) that existed before the Ritsuryo system,
- また、土佐藩士の殿を勤めた安藤鎌次の奮戦もあり、結局、新選組は8人の土佐藩士のうち5人を逃してしまうことになった。
- Kamaji ANDO, who fought as a rear guard of the Tosa retainers put up a fight and Shinsengumi ended up losing five out of the eight Tosa retainers.
- 田中村には田中、高野河原の2つの大字があったが、このうち大字田中は大正7年、「田中」を冠称する17町に編成された。
- Tanaka village had Oaza (large section of village), namely Oaza Tanaka and Oaza Takanokawara, of which the former was divided into 17 towns prefixed by 'Tanaka' in 1918.
- 巻数について、『中右記』『本朝書籍目録』等で、全130巻あったことが分かるが、現存するのはそのうちの26巻である。
- As for the number of volumes, it is evident from 'Chuyuki' (The Diary of FUJIWARA no Munetada), 'Honchoshojaku mokuroku' (the oldest list of Japanese books in existence written in the Kamakura period) and others that there were 130 volumes in total, of which 26 still exist now.
- 注2)欧州連合:EU加盟のうち旧15ヵ国(2004.5拡大前)は、EUバブルとして共同で-8%の削減約束を負っている
- Note 2) European Union: among EU membership, old 15 countries (before the expansion in May 2004) owe -8% reduction target collaboratively as EU bubble.
- 翌5年(1577年)2月までに雑賀五組のうち社家郷(宮郷)・中郷・南郷のいわゆる雑賀三組を寝返らせることに成功する。
- Until February in the following year, 1577, it succeeded with the so-called Saiga three groups of shakego (miyago), nakago and nango among five of the Saiga groups.
- 二十六人のうち、日本人は二十名、スペイン人が四名、メキシコ人、ポルトガル人がそれぞれ一名であり、すべて男性であった。
- The Twenty-six martyrs were all male, consisted of 20 Japanese, 4 Spanish, 1 Mexican and 1 Portuguese.
- が、源氏は娘と文のやり取りを交わすうちにその教養の深さや人柄に惹かれ、ついに八月自ら娘のもとを訪れて契りを交わした。
- However, while exchanging letters with her, Genji found himself attracted to her because she was so well-educated and good-natured, and in August, he finally himself visited her and they traded vows.
- そのうちで最も規模の大きな東京都府中市武蔵台遺跡では24棟の竪穴住居と多数の土坑が半環状に配置されて検出されている。
- The tateanajukyogun with twenty-four dwellings and many pits arranged in a semi-circle were discovered at the Musashidai remains in Fuchu City, Tokyo, one of the largest remains in scale among these sixty-five remains.
- 一方、少額貨幣を高額貨幣に両替する場合の手数料が高額貨幣からの手数料より高くなる場合は逆打(ぎゃくうち)と呼ばれた。
- If, however, a commission for changing smaller currencies for a larger one is higher than one for exchanging a large currency for small ones, it was called 'gyakuuchi' (reverse commission).
- 『京都御役所向大概覚書』によれば、この大銭鋳造においては一カ年十万貫文を鋳造し、うち五万貫文を運上すると定められた。
- Oboegaki(memorandum) for Kyoto government says that it was regulated that in minting ozeni, 100,000 kanmon was produced a year, of which 50,000 kanmon was taxed.
- 両者を分かつことは難しいので厳密には分類せず、『明六雑誌』に登場し、現代まで残った語彙のうち代表的なものを列挙する。
- The major vocabulary which appeared in 'Meiroku Zasshi' and are still used today are as follows (Since it is difficult to divide them, they are not strictly classified).
- 五大紋(ごだいもん)は、日本の家紋のうち、一般的に特に多く分布する藤、桐、鷹の羽、木瓜、片喰の5つの紋のことを指す。
- Godaion refers to the five family crest designs that are especially widely used throughout Japan, and they are fuji (wisteria), kiri (paulownia), takanoha (feathers of hawks), mokko (cross-section of a gourd), and katabami (yellow sorrel).
- 如仏の判決(にょぶつのはんけつ)は、囲碁のルールのうちの死活において「両劫に仮生一つ」を認めたという鎌倉時代の判例。
- Judgment of Nyobutsu is a leading case in Kamakura period concerning the life-and-death judgment in the rules of Igo (board game of capturing territory), admitting a kasho (tentative life) in double ko.
- 「切られ与三」の世界と妖刀村正が引き起こす御家騒動をからめた物語だが、現在ではこのうち縮屋新助の筋のみが上演される。
- In the story, the world of 'Kirare Yosa' (Yosa with a scar face) is mixed with family troubles caused by a yoto sword (mysterious sword) named Muramasa, but nowadays, only the portion related to Chizimiya Shinsuke is performed.
- 唐衣等より身体側に着付ける「うちがわのきもの」の略から着たという説や、「打ちかける着物」の略からきたという説がある。
- Theories include that the name comes from 'uchigawa no kimono,' which means a kimono to be worn under the karaginu (the outermost layer), or from 'uchikakeru kimono,' which means a kimono to be worn over another kimono.
- 舞働のうち、特にシテとツレまたはワキが一対一で闘争する場面を主にしたものを指す(『舎利 (能)』『龍虎 (能)』)。
- It especially refers to the scenes in which mainly shite and tsure or waki play one-on-one battle among maibataraki ('Shari' [Noh], 'Ryoko' [Noh]).
- 本来、国司の最高職は国守だったが、遥任により現地に在住しなかった場合は、介・掾・目のうちから受領が出ていたのである。
- Originally, the highest position of kokushi was kokushu, but when kokushu did not live in his assigned province, a person at the rank of suke, jo or sakan (these ranks were in this order, with suke the highest) was appointed to zuryo.
- 奥女中のうち、上臈御年寄から御坊主までがお目見え以上と言い、将軍と御台所への目通りを許されていた上級の女中たちである。
- Jochu ranked from Joro Otoshiyori to Gobozu were allowed to see the Shogun and Midaidokoro, therefore they were upper rank jochu and called 'Omemie ijo'.
- 正典中の5つのヨハネ文書のうち、4つは匿名著者の文書がヨハネに帰せられており、残りの1つはヨハネによると記されている。
- Among the 5 documents of the canonical books of John, 4 are said to be the works of unknown authors and the remaining one is a work of John.
- 摂家将軍(せっけしょうぐん)は、鎌倉将軍一覧のうち、第4代藤原頼経とその嫡男の第5代藤原頼嗣の2人の征夷大将軍のこと。
- Sekke shogun designates two seii taishoguns (great generals) among the shoguns in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government), that is, the fourth FUJIWARA no Yoritsune and his legitimate son, the fifth FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu.
- 始めは人数不足で不利な状況だった薩軍であったが、そのうち伊東隊による応援もあり、どうにか官軍を敗退させることができた。
- Although the Satsuma army was disadvantageous with insufficient soldiers in the beginning, it was reinforced by the Ito-tai troop after a while and managed to drive off the government army.
- 延喜式神名帳には大社128座(うち名神大社47座26社)・小社158座の計286座が記載されており、全て官幣社である。
- In the engishiki jimmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan), 128 gods enshrined at grand shrines (including 47 powerful myojin gods at 26 myojin grand shrines) and 158 gods at small shrines, which total to 286 gods, are recorded, and all are kanpeisha (shrines where religious ceremonies were conducted by jingikan officers).
- このうち、竪穴式石槨は、墓坑の底に棺を設置したあと、周囲に石材を積み上げて壁とし、その上から天井石を載せたものである。
- Regarding the pit-type sekkaku, after placing a wooden coffin at the bottom, stones (building stone) are built up as walls and then ceiling stone is placed as a cover.
- 石州丁銀(せきしゅうちょうぎん):毛利氏が石見銀山の産銀で鋳造させたとされ、萩古丁銀、譲葉丁銀、御取納丁銀などがある。
- Sekishu Chogin (collective term of silver): the Mori clan had this minted using silver produced at the Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine, as well as Hagiko Chogin, Yuzuriha Chogin, Goshuno Chogin, etc.
- 補任帳は補任者の官位姓名及び任官日時が記載され、その年のうちに死去・異動によって職を離れた者は朱筆で訂正が加えられた。
- The official court rank, name, and appointed time of the appointed person were recorded in bunincho (Records of Bunin [appointment]), and the information of the person who left the job due to his death or transfer to another division within the same year was corrected with a red pen.
- このうち、『忍日伝天孫記』と『神道原典』は古文書・古文献ではなく、前者は自動書記、後者は霊界往来による霊感の書である。
- Among them, 'Oshihinotsutae Tensonki' and 'Shinto Genten' are not komonjo (old documents) or kobunken (old literature), but the former is a document written through automatism and the latter is a book of inspired by a visit to the spiritual world.
- 王朝交替説(おうちょうこうたいせつ)は、日本の古墳時代に天皇家の皇統の断続があり、複数の王朝の交替があったとする学説。
- Changes of dynasties theories are doctrines which say, due to the interruption in the imperial line of the Imperial Family in the Kofun period in Japan, dynasties were changed several times.
- またフィリピン方面で日本軍が発行した軍票のうち、現存するものの中には日本に補償を求めるスタンプを押したものが存在する。
- Some of the remaining military currency issued in the areas around the Philippines had stamps that demanded individual compensation from the Japanese government.
- 三傑(さんけつ)とは、歴史上のある事柄や、同じ主君に仕えた家臣などのうち、特に功績が大きかった者を3人選んでいうこと。
- Sanketsu means three outstanding people chosen out of those who made the greatest achievements in historical incidents or in their services to their lords.
- さようの日のうち、使役する鬼神の一鬼(第四番目の八嶽卒神)が八面八臂の凶神であるため、その日を赤口日とし凶日とされる。
- In these eight days, because the one of the employed fierce gods (Hachigokusotsushin, the fourth fierce god) is the inauspicious god with eight faces and eight arms, its day is made Shakkonichi and thought to be the bad luck day.
- そのうち一部では、「天皇家は朝鮮民族の血筋を引いている」、「皇室百済起源論」などの論理を大きく飛躍させる報道があった。
- From a certain news report there was an exaggerated comment stating that the Royal Family is descended from ethnic Koreans or that the Royal Family's origin started from Paekche and so on.
- 地租の由来は、大化の改新により成立した律令国家が、唐に倣って採用した租税制度である「租庸調」のうちの「租」にさかのぼる。
- The origin of land-tax goes back to 'So' of 'Soyocho system' (a tax system, corvee), the tax system which the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, established through Taika no Kaishin (Great Reformation of the Taika Era) applied imitating Tang Dynasty.
- この騒動により、死者は17名、負傷者は500名以上、検挙者は2000名以上(このうち有罪となったのは87名)にも上った。
- In this disturbance, 17 people died, over 500 people got injured and over 2000 people were arrested (including 87 people adjudicated guilty).
- 左大臣 阿倍内麻呂(あべのうちまろのおみ)、右大臣 蘇我倉山田石川麻呂(そがのくらやまだのいしかわまろ)、内臣 藤原鎌足
- Sadaijin (minister of the left): ABE no Uchimaro, Udaijin (minister of the right): SOGANOKURA-YAMADA no Ishikawamaro, Naishin: FUJIWARA no Kamatari.
- 内高(うちだか)は、江戸時代の大名や旗本の所領内において、領民に年貢を課す際の算定基準として用いられた石高のことである。
- Uchi-daka (real value of the yield) means kokudaka (crop yield) that was used as the appraisal standard to impose nengu (land tax) to the people of shoryo (territory) of daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) and hatamoto (bannermen) in the Edo period.
- このうち、中書省は天子とのつながりが強かったが、門下省は貴族層の意思を代表する機関であり、中書と門下の力が拮抗していた。
- The Secretariat was closely connected with the emperor, whereas the Chancellery represented the intentions of the noble class; the Secretariat competed with the Chancellery for influence.
- 足利義昭や毛利輝元は当時から織田方の敗北を喧伝していたし、雑賀衆も半年もたたないうちに再度挙兵して信長と戦うようになる。
- Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA and Terumoto MORI had trumpeted the defeat of the Oda side in those days, and Saiga shu rose an army again and fought with Nobunaga within half a year.
- また短歌では140種あまりの枕詞を使ったが、そのうち半数は人麻呂以前には見られないものである点が彼の独創性を表している。
- It indicates Hitomaro's originality that half among the more than 140 kinds of makura kotoba used in his tanka were not seen before his time.
- そのうちいくつかの札では、偽造防止のために図柄の中に微小文字(「シソウツウヨウ」など)を隠し文字として入れたものがある。
- Some of those bills had hidden microscopic letters in the designs to prevent forgery, such as 'shisotsuyo' (circulated only in Shiso-gun).
- 重要無形文化財(第71条第1項):文部科学大臣は、無形文化財のうち重要なものを「重要無形文化財」に指定することができる。
- Important intangible cultural properties (Article 71, Paragraph 1): The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology may designate important items of intangible cultural properties as 'important intangible cultural properties.'
- 板張り(いたばり)は、洗い張りのうち、布を洗濯し、糊づけして板に張り、しわをのばし、光沢を出し、仕上げをすることである。
- Itabari is one of the Arai-hari (washing and stretching out) techniques used to stretch out a piece of washed, starched fabric on a board so as to flatten out any creases and give the finished fabric a shiny appearance.
- 石のうち円形のものは円鞆(まるとも)と呼んで日常用で儀式にも使い、方形のものは巡方(じゅんぽう)とよんで儀式用であった。
- Round stones were called round sashes and used in everyday activities and ceremonies, and square stones were called junpo (square sashes) and used only in ceremonies.
- これにより、北朝の6代6人の天皇のうち後小松天皇を除く5代5人は、今日に至る125代の歴代天皇に含まれないこととなった。
- Among the 6 emperors of 6 eras in the Northern Court, only Emperor Gokomatsu is counted as one of the 125 past emperors to this day, the rest being excluded because of this sanction.
- 純友はこの元名の代行として現地に派遣されて運京租税の任にあたるうちに富豪層出身の舎人ら海賊勢力と関係を結んだとされている。
- Sumitomo is said to have established a relationship with the pirates, the toneri (servants) of the Fugo-so (the upper class), after being dispatched to the province to replace Motona and while he was delivering tax money to Kyoto.
- 実際には、両者の共同謀議の痕跡はなく、むしろ自らの地位向上を目指しているうちに武装蜂起に追い込まれてしまった色合いが強い。
- In fact, there is no real evidence of such a conspiracy, but there is a strong probability that Masakado and Sumitomo were pushed to military action while trying to improve their social status.
- 13世紀に入ると、摂関の地位は、父子継承によって決定された御堂流のうちの5家、すなわち五摂家当主による巡任が体制化された。
- During the thirteenth century, the Sekkan position was passed in turn among the heads of the five families determined by paternal succession among the Mido branch, in other words, the Gosekke (five top Fujiwara families), became systemized.
- これは、義時の子孫のうち、一時下野国の小山氏を頼っていた一族が、蓮如に随行して三河に流れ着き、定住したのがはじまりという。
- It is said that the origin of the family was from Yoshitoki's descendants, which had once relied on the Oyama clan in Shimotsuke Province and later settled in Mikawa following Rennyo (head-priest of the Jodo Shinshu sect [the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism]).
- なお、定家自筆本のうち、行幸(関戸本)については当時存在が知られていなかったため『源氏物語大成』ではこれを採用していない。
- Of the manuscripts in Teika's own handwriting, Miyuki (The Imperial Progress) (Sekido-bon manuscript) was not known in those days, so it was not adopted for 'Genji monogatari taisei.'
- うちいくつかを以下に挙げるが、その数の多さから日本における翻訳書が清末の人々の近代国際法受容に一役買っていたことがわかる。
- Some of them are shown below and we can know from the large number of translated books in Japan that such translation played a certain role to make Chinese people accept modern international law at the end of Qing dynasty.
- 創立者は、片山潜、安部磯雄、木下尚江、幸徳秋水、河上清、西川光次郎の6名で、このうち幸徳を除く5人はキリスト教徒であった。
- The six founders were Sen KATAYAMA, Isoo ABE, Naoe KINOSHITA, Shusui KOTOKU, Kiyoshi KAWAKAMI, and Kojiro NISHIKAWA, all of them except for Kotoku were Christians.
- また暗黙のうちに、アメリカは日本の韓国併合と満州南部の支配を承認し、そして日本はカリフォルニア州への移民の制限を黙諾した。
- The United Stated implicitly admitted Japanese annexation of Korea and dominance over southern Manchuria, and Japan admitted limitations on the immigration to California.
- 石包丁(いしぼうちょう、石庖丁)は、日本の縄文時代や弥生時代の遺跡から、(中国では仰韶文化、竜山文化)発掘される磨製石器。
- The term ishi-bocho (stone implement) refers to a ground stone tool excavated from remains in the Jomon period or Yayoi period in Japan (in Yangshao culture and Longshan culture in China).
- 「おやっさん、やめとくんなはれ、危ないがな」「さあ、殺せ、殺しさらせ」と言い合ううち、ついには刀を取り合う揉みあいとなる。
- While quarreling as 'Father, please stop it, it's dangerous,' 'Hey, kill me, kill me', finally fighting over the sword.
- 現在では「敵役」という区分は消滅し、立役のうちに吸収されているが、江戸時代以来の伝統を重んじてこういった役は立役が演じる。
- Today, the category of 'the role of enemies' disappeared and was absorbed by tachiyaku (a leading male-role actor), and tachiyaku act those roles based on the tradition that has been handed down since the Edo period.
- 1791年(寛政3年)12月、天皇は「群議」を開き、参議以上40名の公卿のうち35名の賛意を得て尊号宣下の強行を決定する。
- In December 1791, the Emperor held the 'Gungi' (multitude of opinions), and achieved a determination for the enforcement of the imperial proclamation, of the honorary title, by gaining the approval of 35 out of 40 nobles who had ranks higher than Sangi (government advisor).
- 翌日の正午(夜のうちに帰ったのでは闇討ちの恐れがあるため夜が明けるまで休息をとっていた)、新選組は壬生村の屯所に帰還した。
- At noon of the following day, the Shinsen-gumi returned to their base in Mibu Village. (If they had returned to their base at night, they might have fallen into an ambush, so they took a rest in the city until dawn.)
- ただし、以上のうちで律令の研究といえるものは「古記」のみで、他は条文の解釈を公的に確定する作業であったというべきであろう。
- However, among the above, only the 'Koki' can be referred to as being research on ritsuryo, while others were acts of publicly deciding on the interpretation of the text.
- (なお、現存の国分寺のうち、西大寺と関係を持つのは旧伊予国分寺のみであるが、他にも複数の国分寺が真言宗各派に属している)。
- (Among kokubunji existing today, only kokubunji in former Iyo Province has relation with Saidai-ji Temple, and other than it, multiple kokubunji belong to various schools of Shingon sect.)
- このとき、領主が行使した支配権は、知行(ちぎょう)・領知(りょうち)・領掌(りょうしょう)・進止(しんし)などと呼ばれた。
- The control right that ryoshu executed here was called chigyo, ryochi, ryoshu, or shinshi.
- その夜のうちにニコライを見舞う予定であったが、ニコライ側の侍医の要請により翌日へ延期され、天皇はひとまず京都御所に宿泊した。
- The Emperor planned to visit Nicholas that night, but it was postponed to the next day on the request of Nicholas's doctor, and the Emperor stayed in the Kyoto Imperial Palace.
- 728年から811年までの間に14回(うち1回は渤海経由の遣唐使。このほか操舵手等の派遣が1回。)の使節が記録に残っている。
- It is recorded that between 728 and 811 the Kenbokkaishi was dispatched 14 times (one time dispatched as a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China via Bokkai, and one that was a dispatch of navigators).
- 天正10年6月3日朝に堺経由で情報がもたらされると、親織田派として幅を利かせていた鈴木孫一はその夜のうちに雑賀から逃亡した。
- After it was informed via the Sakai region in the morning of July 2, 1582, Magoichi SUZUKI, who had power as a pro-Oda group, escaped from Saiga during the night.
- 神保・白樫氏ら早期に降った者は所領を安堵されたが、和佐玉置氏は一万石と伝えられる所領のうち、安堵されたのは三千五百石だった。
- Those who surrendered early on such as the Jinbo and Shirakashi clans were approved their territories, but the Wasa Tamaki clan was approved 3,500 koku among all lands which were said to be 10,000 koku.
- このうち、清盛は重仁親王の乳母であることから、後白河は遠慮しようとするが、美福門院が鳥羽法皇の遺言と偽って清盛を呼び寄せる。
- Of them, Goshirakawa tries to refuse Kiyomori's help because Kiyomori has taken care of Prince Shigehito, but Bifukumonin calls Kiyomori under the pretense that it is the will of the Cloistered Emperor Toba.
- 御金蔵勘定帳(おかねぐらかんじょうちょう)は、年貢以外の出納、すなわち行政経費などの出費、諸手当の支給、拝借金などを扱った。
- Treasure house account books used to record non-tax revenue and expenditure for administrative expenses, allowances, borrowings, etc.
- 現存する『源氏物語』の写本のうち、ほぼ全巻が揃い、「青表紙本」系統の本文を持つものとしては最良の写本であると考えられている。
- Among the surviving manuscripts of 'Genji Monogatari,' it has almost all chapters in it and is considered as one of the best among the manuscripts of the 'Aobyoshi-bon' (Blue Book) line.
- 菅野真道、秋篠安人、中科巨都雄は、さらに6巻、すなわち桓武天皇の治世のうち延暦10年(791年)までを加え、全20巻とした。
- SUGANO no Mamichi, AKISHINO no Yasuhito and NAKASHINA no Kotsuo added six more volumes to the work, which covered the incidents that had occurred before 791 in the reign of Emperor Kanmu, thus brought the total to 20 volumes.
- だが、宣戦布告後2ヶ月も経たないうちに欧米列強国軍は首都北京市及び紫禁城を制圧、清朝は莫大な賠償金の支払いを余儀なくされる。
- However, the forces of allied western powers took over the capital Beijing as well as the Forbidden City within two months of the proclamation of war, and the Qing dynasty was forced to pay an enormous amount of reparations.
- 1926年の統計によれば青島出兵で発行された総金額は11,812,197円で、そのうち161,956円が未回収とされている。
- Accordring to the statistics in 1926, the total amount of the military currency issued in sending troops to Tsingtao was 11,812, 197 yen, and 161,956 of which was not uncollected.
- 駅では、官吏1人に対して駅馬1疋を給し駅子2人を従わせ、うち1人が駅鈴を持って馬を引き、もう1人は、官吏と駅馬の警護をした。
- Umaya provided one official with one ekiba accompanied by two ekiko, one of whom guided the horse with ekirei and the other guarded the official and ekiba.
- 蔵前入用(くらまえにゅうよう)とは、江戸時代に江戸幕府直轄領(天領)に対してかけられた高掛三役と呼ばれる特別税のうちの一つ。
- Kuramae nyuyo was one of the three major taxes called Takagakari Sanyaku that were imposed on the direct control territories of the Edo bakufu (Shogunal demesne) during Edo period.
- ただし昭和34年(1959年)4月10日の結婚の儀の記念切手では4種のうち10円と30円で皇太子妃と一緒の肖像が発行された。
- Meanwhile, of four kinds of commemorative postage stamps issued for commemorating the wedding ceremony held on April 10, 1959, two kinds of stamps, 10-yen stamp and 30-yen stamp, used the portrait of both the Crown Princess and the Crown Princess for their designs.
- このうち上東門と上西門は大蔵通用門として「屋根を設けず築地を開いただけ」の門であったため、「土の門」=「土御門」と呼ばれた。
- Out of above gates, Joto-mon Gate and Josai-mon Gate were called 'Tsuchi no mon' (the gate made out of mud), 'Tsuchimikado,' since they had a tile-roofed mud wall without having proper roof to use as service entrance for Okura. (the Ministry of finance)
- ※なお、矢・木鏃の種類には同名同音の笠状の鏃頭を持つ『打根』(うちね)と呼ばれる矢が古くからあるがこの武器とは関連性はない。
- Note: There is an old kind of arrow with a wooden head also called an 'uchine,' but it has no relation to the 'uchine' introduced in this section.
- 舞囃子が一曲のうち能シテの舞がかかわる部分の大半を上演するのに対して、仕舞においては謡のあるシテの舞を抜きだしたものである。
- In Maibayashi, most parts relating to dances by Noh shite (leading role) is performed in one play, while in Shimai, dances performed by the shite which is accompanied by Utai (the chanting of a Noh text) are extracted.
- 小型捕鯨のうちツチクジラ以外の種類、及び岩手県や静岡県、和歌山県などで現在も行われているイルカ漁の産品は地元での消費が多い。
- Small-sized whales except berardius, and products based on dolphins that are hunt even today in Iwate Prefecture, in Shizuoka Prefecture and in Wakayama Prefecture, are mostly consumed in the areas where they are caught.
- 旧国名を名乗る条件は特にないが、国府や一宮が存在することや、国名と同名の郡であることなどが暗黙のうちに条件とされる傾向がある。
- There are no specific conditions of using old province names for cities, towns and villages, but there are tendencies on tacit conditions that a provincial capital or a provincial shrine is located, or they belong to the same counties with the same names of their provinces.
- 位階のうち五位以上の者には位田・位封・位禄・位分資人が給与されるなど多くの特権が与えられており、特別の身分階層を形成していた。
- Those at the Fifth Rank or above received a number of privileges such as being granted fields, fiefs, stipends, and servants, and developed into a special social class.
- 戦国時代には里村紹巴が出て、連歌書を多く著すとともに、諸大名と交際し、教養としての連歌の地位を新興の大名のうちにも確立させた。
- During the Sengoku period, Joha SATOMURA appeared and wrote many books on renga, having social relations with some daimyo (feudal lords), and established an educational position of renga among the newly appearing daimyo.
- 秀次は、段下の、部外者のふたりも修羅の世界につれていけ、と配下のものに命じ、これを逆に諌められ、そのうち皆の姿は消えていった。
- Hidetsugu orders his retainers to take the two people outside on the ground to the asura realm, but he is protested by his retainer and soon they disappear.
- 第6回押出しも、養性寺を起点として行われ、農民2000名が東京に向かい、うち7名が3月6日に平田東助農商務大臣との面会に成功。
- Two thousand peasants started from Yosei-ji Temple for the sixth demonstration and of those peasants, seven persons met the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Tosuke HIRATA.
- 読むうちに五右衛門は、自身が宋蘇卿の子で、かねてから養父武智光秀の仇としてつけ狙っていた真柴久吉が実父の仇でもあることを知る。
- Reading it, Goemon discovers that he is a son of So Sokei and So Sokei was killed by Hisayoshi MASHIBA; in fact, Goemon had been trying to avenge the murder of his adoptive father Mitsuhide TAKECHI on Hisayoshi previously.
- また、母の神功皇后の胎内にあったときから皇位に就く宿命にあったので、胎中天皇(はらのうちにましますすめらみこと)の敬称がある。
- Also, from the time he was in the womb of his mother, he was destined to accede to the Imperial throne and, thus, he has a title of honor of Emperor Taichu (Emperor residing in the womb).
- この時、若者に冠をかぶせるのが「冠親」と呼ばれる後見人であり、近世において天皇の冠親は五摂家のうちどこかの当主が担当していた。
- A person who put a cap on a young man's head at this ceremony was his guardian called 'kanmuri-oya' (literally, 'cap parent'), and during the early-modern times, an emperor's kanmuri-oya was selected from the heads of Gosekke (five top Fujiwara families whose members were eligible for the positions of Sessho [regency] and Kanpaku [chancellor]).
- 北条得宗家のうち、4代執権北条経時、5代執権時頼は摂家将軍九条頼経より偏諱を賜り、8代執権北条時宗は宗尊親王より偏諱を賜った。
- Among the Tokuso Family of the Hojo clan, Tsunetoki HOJO, the fourth Shikken and Tokiyori, the fifth Shikken were allowed to use a portion of the real name of Yoritsune KUJO who was Sekke Shogun (Shogun from a regent family), and Tokimune HOJO, the eighth Shikken were granted use of a portion of the real name of Imperial Prince Munetaka.
- このうち、室内で座って合奏する音楽を「御座楽」と呼び、屋外で行列しつつ歩きながら合奏する音楽を「路次楽」(るじがく)と呼んだ。
- During that time, music performed sitting down indoors was called 'Uzagaku' (lit. seated music), while music performed outdoors to accompany processions was called 'Rujigaku' (lit. route music).
- しかし、そのうち魏皓が生前に門人に伝授した曲は半分の百余曲で、『魏氏楽譜』に収録されたのはさらにその半分の50曲のみであった。
- However, only 100 of them (slightly less than half) were handed over to his followers while Giko was still alive, and only 50 compositions (further half) were recorded in 'Wei shi yue pu (Scores by the Wei family).'
- しかし、毛人は二人が共に男として生まれたのは一緒になってはいけない運命だからだと答え、苦渋のうちに厩戸から離れ、布都姫を選ぶ。
- However, Emishi answered that it was a fate that they must not be together and this was why both were born as men, and left Umayado with painful reluctance and chose Futohime.
- ついに芳流閣の屋根に追い詰められた信乃は必死に防戦するが、そこに現れた元獄舎番、犬飼現八と組み合ううちに、ともに利根川に転落。
- He desperately fought to protect himself, being cornered at last on the roof of Horyukaku, tackled by a former prison guard Genpachi INUKAI and fell into the Tone-gawa River together.
- しかし、実際には奉行のうち最低1名は御内人から選ばれており、得宗及び執権による支配が鎌倉市中にまで浸透していたと考えられている。
- However, in reality, at least one bugyo was selected from Miuchibito (private vassals of the Tokuso, the patrimonial head of the main branch of the Hojo clan), and it is considered that control by the Tokuso and the regent spread even to the city of Kamakura.
- 文禄石州丁銀(ぶんろくせきしゅうちょうぎん):文禄2年(1593年)、文禄の役で豊臣秀吉が諸大名への賞賜用として鋳造させたもの。
- Bunrokusekishu Chogin: These Chogin were ordered by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in 1593 as a present for each territorial Daimyo at the Bunroku War.
- こうして切断された紙片のことを「断簡」と称するが、高野切本古今和歌集のうち、巻九の巻頭の17行分の断簡は豊臣秀吉が所持していた。
- Scraps of paper cut out like this were called 'dankan' (fragments); among the entire collection of the Koya-gire volume of the Kokinshu, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI had possession of the dankan appearing at the beginning of scroll nine, the 17th line.
- さらに寛永通寳についても公鋳銭を鋳写した鉄銭および鉛分を多く含む銅銭などが古くから密鋳され、彷鋳銭(ぼうちゅうせん)と呼ばれる。
- Furthermore, regarding Kanei Tsuho, iron Tessen coins which were imitations of regular Kanei Tsuho coins and copper coins containing much lead were made for a long time, and these coins are called Bouchusen.
- 藤原定家の古注釈『源氏物語奥入』では出典未詳の古歌「世の中は夢の渡りの浮橋かうちわたりつつものをこそ思へ」に関連するとしている。
- According to 'Genji monogatari Okuiri,' an ancient commentary written by FUJIWARA no Teika, this title related to an anonymous ancient waka poem 'Yononakaha yumenowatarino ukihashika uchiwataritsutsu monookosoomoe' (The world is something like a floating bridge of dreams and I am lost in thought while crossing it).
- だが、パークスや能勢らの尽力にも関わらず、家茂死去の混乱によって話が進まないうちにヴァン・ヴォールクンバーグ公使の事件が起きた。
- In spite of the efforts of Parkes as well as Magistrate Nose and other officials, their recommendation was set aside amid the confusions after Iemochi's death, and it was not long before the assault against the U.S. envoy Van Valkenburg occurred.
- 当時製造された太政官札は総額4,897万3,973両1分3朱であったが、このうち97万3,973両1分3朱は発行せず、焼棄した。
- The total amount of Dajokan bills produced at the time was 48,973,973 ryo 1 bu 3 shu ('bu' and 'shu' are units of currency), of which 973,973 ryo 1 bu 3 shu was incinerated before they were issued to the public.
- 百両と名刀「庚申丸」の所在が転々とするうちに、3人の吉三をめぐってそれまで隠されていた複雑な人間関係が徐々に明らかになっていく。
- As the whereabouts of the 100 ryo and the noted sword 'Koshinmaru' keep changing, the complicated personal relationships around the three Kichisa begin to be revealed.
- 文部科学大臣が、国または地方公共団体の指定を受けていない有形文化財のうち、保存と活用が特に必要なものを文化財登録原簿に登録する。
- The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology registers on the original register of cultural properties, tangible cultural properties other than those designated by the national government or the local public entities that are in particular need for preservation and utilization.
- たとえば、勘平が刃を腹につきたてるのは、関東では「うちはたしたは舅どの」の科白で同志が「なな何と」と叫ぶのをきっかけに行われる。
- In Kanto, for example, Kanpei thrusts a sword into his belly when he says, 'I killed my father-in-law,' and his comrades shout, 'Oh, no, can that be true?'
- 音楽、舞踊、演劇その他の芸能及びこれらの芸能の成立、構成上重要な要素をなす技法のうち我が国の芸能の変遷の過程を知る上に貴重なもの
- The performing arts including music, dance and drama, and the techniques playing an important role in such performing arts' establishment and construction, which possesses a high value for seeing the history of transition of the performing art in this country.
- 熊野筆を製造する技術者は現在1500人余りいると言われ、そのうち経済産業大臣が認可した伝統工芸士は平成20年4月現在19人いる。
- The number of the Kumano-fude craftspeople is currently said to be 1,500-plus, including 19 traditional craftsmen certified by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry as of April, 2008.
- こうして室町期の守護のうち領国支配の強化に成功した守護や、守護に取って代わった守護代・国人は、戦国大名へと変質・成長していった。
- The shugo in the Muromachi period that had succeeded in strengthening the control of the province, as well as the shugo-dai and the kokujin that had overthrown the shugo, gradually evolved into the Sengoku daimyo.
- このうち、大字沓掛は大枝沓掛町、大字塚原は大枝塚原町となり、大字長野新田は大枝東長町、大枝西長町、大枝中山町の3町に編成された。
- Among them, Oaza Kutsukake was reorganized into Oeda Kutsukake-cho, Oaza Tsukahara into Oeda tsukahara-cho, and Oaza Naganoshinden into the three towns of Oeda Higashinaga-cho, Oeda Nishinaga-cho and Oeda Nakayama-cho.
- なお、往古は、若宮大路のうち下馬四つ角から車大路四つ角の間の区間が琵琶状に歪曲していたことから、琵琶小路と呼ばれていたとされる。
- A segment of the Wakamiya-oji Street from the Shimouma crossing to the Kuruma oji crossing is said to have been named Biwa-koji Street because it was once curved like a biwa (Japanese lute).
- 33点のうち、「富本」の字を確認できるのが6点、「富」のみ確認できるのが6点、「本」のみ確認できるのが5点で、残りは小断片である。
- On 6 of 33, the letters '富本' were recognized and on 6 only '富' was recognized and on 5 only '本' was recognized and the others were small fragments.
- 諸藩には「上士・徒士(かち)・卒または足軽」と藩士を3階級に分ける制が見られるが、このうち上層2身分(騎士と徒士)が士分とされる。
- In some domains, retainers were classified into 3 classes, 'Joshi, Kachi, Sotsu or Ashigaru,' but the top two classes (Kishi and Kachi) were considered Shibun.
- 凡河内躬恒(おおしこうちのみつね、貞観 (日本)元年(859年)? - 延長 (元号)3年(925年)?)は、平安時代前期の歌人。
- OSHIKOCHI no Mitsune (859? - 925?) was a poet of the early Heian period.
- 年貢勘定帳(ねんぐかんじょうちょう)は村方と代官の間で用いられ、村請年貢を村内高持百姓に割り付けてその収支を計算したものであった。
- Land tax account books used between village officers and local governors for calculating the balance of payments by allocating the land tax imposed on the village to independent farmers.
- 実際の使用が確かめられる資料のうち最古のものは、大阪市中央区の難波宮(なにわのみや)跡において発掘された652年以前の木簡である。
- The oldest material among the ones actually used is the wooden strip, which was made before 652 and excavated in Naniwanomiya, Chuo Ward, Osaka City.
- 『霊異記』の説話では、善悪は必ず報いをもたらし、その報いは現世のうちに来ることもあれば、来世で被ることも、地獄で受けることもある。
- In the anecdotes of Ryoiiki, all good and evil deeds always have consequences which one may face in their lifetime, afterworld or hell.
- 慶長丁銀(けいちょうちょうぎん)とは江戸時代の初期、すなわち慶長6年(1601年)7月に鋳造開始された丁銀の一種で秤量銀貨である。
- Keicho-chogin is a kind chogin (collective term of silver) which started to be minted in July 1601, the beginning of Edo period, and it is a silver coin by weight standard as well.
- 6代・織仁親王の娘のうち、楽宮喬子女王は12代将軍 徳川家慶の正室となり、登美宮吉子女王は徳川斉昭の正室となって徳川慶喜を生んだ。
- One of the sixth successors, Prince Orihito's daughter Princess Sazanomiya Takako, became the wife of the twelfth shogun, Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA; moreover, Princess Tomi no miya Yoshiko became the wife of Nariaki TOKUGAWA and had Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA.
- この改革につき書紀が引用する改新之詔4条のうち、第1条と第4条は、後代の官制を下敷きにして改変されたものであることがわかっている。
- Among Kaishin no Mikotonori's (the Imperial Reform Edict) four articles which the Chronicles cited regarding these reforms, the first and the fourth are known to have been altered based on the government regulations of later generations.
- このため、国指定大台山系鳥獣保護区(大規模生息地)に指定されている(面積18,054ヘクタール、うち特別保護地区1,403ha)。
- For this reason, it is designated as government-designated Mt. Odaigahara wildlife refuge (large-scale habitat) (1,403 hectares of special protection area within the total area of 18,054 hectares).
- 重層的な構成を取っていた荘園領主のうちで実社会においてもっとも有力な地位に立っていることが多かった本家が本所になることが多かった。
- Among the lords of the manor who had multilayered structures, the honke, who often occupied the most advantageous position in the real world, became the honjo in many cases.
- このうち(1)と(2-a)は翌年に廃止されたが、(2-b)は再確認されており、それに基づく所領の取り戻しはそれ以降にも多く見られる。
- Among the provisions, Articles 1 and 2-a were abolished in the next year, but Article 2-b was reconfirmed and repossession of shoryo under this Article was often seen after that.
- が、綱吉の死後、宝永6年(1709年)、新井白石が6代将軍家宣の補佐役となると綱吉の葬式も終えぬうちに真っ先にこの法令は廃止された。
- However after Tsunayoshi's death in 1709, when Hakuseki ARAI took the office of Shogun Ienobu's assistant, he abolished this law before even holding a funeral ceremony for Tsunayoshi.
- みずからの出生に悩む薫は八の宮の生きかたを理想としてしばしば邸を訪れるうちに、ふとしたことから長女大君に深く心を引かれるようになる。
- Kaoru, being burdened by the secrets concerning his birth, regards Hachi no Miya's way of living as ideal, and often visits his residence, coming to feel deeply attracted to Oigimi, his eldest daughter.
- しかし、「逓信省第二十年報」掲載の発行高(販売枚数)によれば、販売総数約148万枚のうち、韓国国内で発売されたのは82万枚であった。
- However, according to the amount issued (sold) recorded in '逓信省第二十年報' (the 20th annual report of Ministry of Communication), 820,000 out of the total sales of 1,480,000 were sold in Korea.
- このうち、庶政を取り仕切る会計総裁大久保一翁と、軍事を司る陸軍総裁勝海舟の2人が、瓦解しつつある徳川家の事実上の最高指揮官となった。
- Among the newly assigned officials, Ichio OKUBO, the Kaikei Sosai who would manage all phases of government affairs, Kaishu KATSU, the Rikugun Sosai who would control military affairs, these two officials, bacame the actual highest commanders in what remained of the collapsing Tokugawa family.
- 青表紙本(あおびょうしぼん)とは、源氏物語の写本のうち藤原定家が作成したとされるものおよびそれを写して作成されたとされるものをいう。
- Among the manuscripts of The Tale of Genji, Aobyoshi-bon (Blue Book) manuscripts designate the ones which seem to have been transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika, and also the ones which are said to have been transcribed from Teika's manuscript.
- 傍らで見守っていた源氏も今さらながら慌てて引き留めようとしたが、女三宮の決意は固く、その宵のうちに朱雀院の手で髪を下ろしてしまった。
- Genji, who was looking on, quickly tried to hold her back, but Onna san no miya was determined and had Suzakutei cut her hair in the early evening of the day.
- そのうち世に知られている物は100編強だともいわれるが、同名で内容の違うものやその逆のパターンなどがあり、正確なところはわからない。
- Although a little more than 100 books are said to be known popularly, the true number is unknown because some books have the same titles and different contents and vice versa.
- その後河勝の三人の子のうち、末子が猿楽の芸を引き継ぎ、代々継承したといい、村上天皇の代にはその末裔・秦氏安が紫宸殿で「翁」を演じた。
- After that, it is said that the youngest son among the three sons of Kawakatsu carried on the art of sarugaku and handed it down from generation to generation, and their descendant HATA no Ujiyasu performed 'Okina' (old man) at the Shishinden (The Throne Hall) in the reign of Emperor Murakami.
- (なお引用にあたってはおもに参考文献にあげた『謡曲大観』を参照しているが、漢字変換、句読点のうちかた等は、執筆者独自のものである。)
- (Although, as stated in the references, the quotation comes from 'Yokyoku Taikan' [a complete anthology of Noh plays], the kanji and punctuation used by the author of this webpage may differ from that of the original text.)
- 新田藩のうち幕末まで存続した藩は明治維新時に独自の陣屋を設けたり本藩に吸収されたりしたため、維新後には新田藩と称される藩は存在しない。
- Shinden domains which survived by the end of the Edo period no longer existed after the Meiji Restoration because independent jinya (regional government office) was established or they were absorbed by their head families.
- 古河鉱業は土地改良事業費43億4000万円のうち51%を負担し、残りの大部分は国と群馬県が負担した(ごく一部を桐生市と太田市が負担)。
- Furukawa Mining paid 51 percents of the total cost of 4.34 billion yen of the land improvement project and the government and Gunma Prefecture paid the most of the rest (Kiryu City and Ota City also paid a fraction)
- 与党となった憲政党のうち、旧進歩党 (日本)系の大隈を首相に、旧自由党 (日本)系の板垣退助を特に内務大臣 (日本)に迎えて組織した。
- Among the Constitutional Party in power, the cabinet was organized with OKUMA from the former Progressive Party (Japan) as the Prime Minister and Taisuke ITAGAKI from the former Liberal Party (Japan) as Minister of Home Affairs.
- 以後400議席前後(時期によって不定)であった貴族院の総議席のうち140以上を常時確保する(最大数は1923年末の174)ようになる。
- As a result, Kenkyukai always occupied more than 140 seats (maximum 174 at the end of 1923) in the House of Peers whose full number was about 400 (that changed over time).
- このうち、より幕府に近い立場を取り続けたのが竹腰派であり、古くは幕府に反抗的だった7代藩主徳川宗春を隠居謹慎に追い込んだこともあった。
- Among them the Takenokoshi side took a stance nearer to bakufu and formerly they forced the seventh lord of the Owari Domain Muneharu TOKUGAWA, who had a rebellious attitude to the bakufu, to be secluded and suspended.
- 「保護」の名目で西海岸地域に住む日系人全員、およびハワイの日系人のうち主だった人々計約11万人が収容所に送られる(日系人の強制収容)。
- About 110,000 Japanese, including all the Japanese living on the West Coast and the majority of the Japanese living in Hawaii, were sent to concentration camps officially for the sake of 'national security' (Japanese American Internment).
- このうち、列強側の維持費の都合から長崎では1876年、横浜では1877年に居留地の返還が行われたが、他の居留地は依然として継続された。
- Among the various settlements, two were restored to Japanese sovereignty due to escalating maintenance costs for the great powers maintaining them, namely Nagasaki in 1876 and Yokohama in 1877, but the other settlements continued unchanged.
- しかし、これには身分・家格を廃して四民平等を導入せねばならず、すなわち江戸時代の特権階級のうち最大の人口を占める武士の解体を意味する。
- However, the universal conscription required to abolish the social and family status and introduce the equality of all people, which meant nothing but the dissolution of the samurai class that accounted for the largest part of the privileged class in the Edo period.
- 籠城が40日にもなり、糧食・弾薬が欠乏してきた鎮台は余力があるうちに征討軍との連絡を開こうとして、南方の川尻方面に出撃することにした。
- Since the garrison had been besieged as long as 40 days and was running short of the provisions and ammunition, it decided to make a sortie to Kawajiri, a southern area, in order to establish communications with the punitive force before it would have been completely exhausted.
- 一方で柏木に後事を託された親友の夕霧 (源氏物語)は、残された柏木の妻女二宮(落葉の宮)を見舞ううちに彼女に引かれるようになってゆく。
- However, Kashiwagi has asked Yugiri, his best fiend, to look after his family after he dies, and while Yugiri visits Kashiwagi's wife Ni no Miya (the Second Princess, Ochiba no Miya), he comes to be attracted to her.
- 宗長(そうちょう、1448年(文安5年) - 1532年4月11日(天文 (元号)元年3月6日 (旧暦)))は、室町時代後期の連歌師。
- Socho (1448 - April 11, 1532) was a renga (linked-verse) poet of the late Muromachi period.
- 任命者にとっては収入のうちの重要な要素を占めていた(近代以前の日本においてこうした金品のやりとりは賄賂の範疇には含まれていなかった)。
- The rewards that the appointer received made up an essential part of his income (such reward was not regarded as a bribe in Japan until modern times).
- 男、こと心ありてかかるにやあらむと思ひ疑ひて、前栽の中に隠れゐて、河内へいぬる顔にて見れば、この女、いとようけさうじて、うちながめる。
- He grew suspicious, and he pretended to go to Kawachi but he hid himself behind the bushes and watched his wife as she put on her make up.
- 古代山城(こだいさんじょう)は、飛鳥時代から奈良時代にかけて築かれた古代の山城のうち、朝鮮半島からの影響が指摘されるものを一般に指す。
- Kodai Sanjo generally refers to ancient mountain castles built in the historical period from Asuka to Nara, which were influenced by the Korean Peninsula.
- -m、-n、-tで終わる音節のうち、母音または半母音が続くものには連声が起こり、子音が-mm-、-nn-、-tt-のように連音化した。
- Syllables which ended with -m or -n or -t, when followed by a vowel or semivowel, caused sandhi and the consonant made a liaison such as -mm-, -nn- or -tt-.
- 有智子内親王(うちこないしんのう、大同2年(807年) - 承和14年10月26日(847年12月7日))は、第52代嵯峨天皇の皇女。
- Imperial Princess Uchiko (807 - December 7, 847) was the fifty-second Emperor Saga's Princess.
- 同母兄に成務天皇などがいるほか同母弟が5人、同母妹が5人、異母兄弟に日本武尊など68人いるとされる(うち名が伝わっているのは46人)。
- Other than Emperor Seimu as his older maternal half-brother, he had five younger maternal half-brothers, five younger maternal half-sisters, and 68 paternal half-brothers (of these, only 46 had their names handed down) such as YAMATO Takeru no Mikoto.
- 風にすぐ散ってしまう桜は不実だと言われていますが、一年のうち滅多に来ないあなたをもちゃんと待ってこのようにきれいに咲いているのですよ。
- Although cherry blossoms are said to be insincere as they are scattered by the wind in no time, they bloom beautifully waiting even for you, who comes so infrequently each year.
- 二百三高地髷(にひゃくさんこうちまげ)は、日露戦争後に日本で流行した髪形で、前髪を張り出すとともに頭頂部に束ねた髪を高くまとめていた。
- Nihyakusankochi-mage, which was a popular hairstyle after the Russo-Japanese War, had forward protruding hair on the top front of the head and high tied hair at the top.
- そして、足利将軍家の歴代将軍のうちより、何人かの源氏長者・淳和奨学両院別当を輩出したことと相俟ってより源氏嫡流としての性格を強化した。
- Coupled with the fact that some of the successive shogun members of the Ashikaga shogun family became the chief of the Minamoto clan as well as Junna shogaku ryoin betto (senior bureaucrat for Junna shogaku ryoin school appointed from outside), he reinforced the family characteristics as the direct descendant of the Minamoto clan.
- 判内が引かれてくる幕に押されて上手側へ逃げてゆくうちに、いつの間にか客席側へ出て幕引きになってしまうという非常にめずらしい演出がある。
- As the curtain is drawn from right to left, it pushes Bannai to the left too, ending up with him dropping into the audience seats, which is a very rare staging.
- 博多御公用丁銀(はかたごくようちょうぎん):「御公用」「文禄二中山与左衛門」の極印が打たれ、文禄の役の際、豊臣秀吉が鋳造させたとされる。
- Hakatagokuyo Chogin: Chogin with '御公用' (Gokuyo) and '文禄二中山与左衛門' (Second year of the Buroku era, Yozaemon NAKAYAMA) hallmarked and were said to be ordered by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI at the Bunroku War.
- このうち第一部は武田宗俊によって成立論(いわゆる玉鬘系後記挿入説)と絡めて「紫の上系」の諸巻と「玉鬘系」の諸巻に分けることが唱えられた。
- Among them, Soshun TAKEDA proposed that the first part should be divided into 'Murasaki no Ue Series' and 'Tamakazura Series,' linking to it his theory of composition (a theory that the Tamakazura series was inserted into the work later).
- このうち、伴存自筆と推定されるのは、伴存門弟の堀田龍之介の所蔵していた『和州吉野郡群山記』1本のみで、他の写本は自筆稿からの異本である。
- Within these, the one estimated to be written by Tomoari is 'Washu Yoshinogun Gunzanki' held by his disciple Ryunosuke HOTTA and other manuscripts were alternative versions copied from the original book.
- 令制国の守護は国内の御家人を大番役に従事させるために必要な権限が与えられており(「大番催促」)、大犯三箇条のうちの1つに数えられている。
- Shugo (provincial constable) in ryoseikoku (province) was granted authority necessary to cause Gokenin in the province to engage in Obanyaku ('Oban-saisoku (Shugo's authority to command Gokenin, lower ranked vassals to guard Kyoto), and such authority was regarded as one of Taibon Sankajo (three major tasks of peacekeeping).
- 照葉樹林帯の植物性食料と内湾性の漁労がこの文化圏の特徴で、特に貝塚については日本列島全体の貝塚のうちおよそ6割がこの文化圏のものである。
- The plant-derived foods from the laurel forests and fish catching in the inner bay areas were the characteristics of this cultural region; especially, approximately sixty percent of shell mounds excavated in the entire Japanese archipelago were from this cultural region.
- 片山は、妻の出産が重なってこの時期の事務から外れていたらしく、後に、20日に結成したところその日のうちに禁止にあったという記事を書いた。
- Katayama, who seemed to have been out of office around this time due to his child's birth, later wrote an article, saying that the Shakai minshuto had been created on the 20th and banned within the same day.
- 明治政府は抵抗した旧幕臣らとの戊辰戦争における戦費などで発足直後から財政難で全国3000万石のうち800万石を確保できているのみであった。
- The Meiji government suffered from a financial problem from the beginning due to a cost of the Boshin War which they fought against former retainers of shogun, and they could secure a right of owning land of only 800 koku (Japanese unit of volume, and 1 koku was defined as enough rice quantity to feed one person for one year) out of Japan's entire land, 3,000 koku.
- 死罪(しざい)とは、江戸時代に庶民に科されていた6種類ある死刑のうちの一つで、斬首により命を絶ち、死骸を試し斬りにする斬首刑の刑罰のこと。
- Shizai is one of the 6 types of capital punishment imposed on commoner criminals in the Edo Period, in which the criminal was beheaded and the corpse was used to test the sharpness of swords.
- 兵力は二個大隊であり、うち鎮台兵は一個大隊で残りは「植民兵」として薩摩など九州各地の士族で占領地永住を前提に募集・編成されたものであった。
- The military force consisted of two battalions: one was made up of soldiers of chindai (garrison in the Meiji era) and the other was formed by the former shizoku in Kyushu regions who had been recruited on the condition that they be granted permanent residence of occupied lands.
- 力士の土俵入りの際に神道参拝の方法(柏手)をうち、横綱が注連縄を巻くようになったのは、相撲の宗家とされた吉田司家の許可に基づくものである。
- The Yoshida Tsukasake family, who was the head family of the sumo world, allowed sumo wrestlers to follow the manner of visiting Shinto shrines (kashiwade (clapping one's hands in prayer)) when they entered a dohyo, and the yokozuna (sumo grand champion) also began to wear shimenawa (a sacred rope) according to the manner prescribed by the Yoshida Tsukasake family.
- 実隆の肖像は3枚現存しているが、そのうち文亀元年(1501年)、実隆47歳のときに描かれた肖像画についての記述が『実隆公記』に残されている。
- Three portraits of Sanetaka have survived, and of these, the one drawn in 1501 when Sanetaka was 47, was mentioned in 'Sanetaka Koki.'
- また、治承・寿永の乱から平家の滅亡を追ううちに、没落しはじめた平安貴族たちと新たに台頭した武士たちの織りなす人間模様を見事に描き出している。
- It also splendidly depicts the fabric of human relationships between the declining Heian nobles and warriors on the rise, in the fall of the Taira family which had started since the Jisho-Juei War.
- なお、旧令の用語のうち、現行令により修正されたものについては適宜修正した(例「宮内大臣」を「宮内庁長官」、「図書頭」を「書陵部部長」など)。
- Furthermore, some terms had been used in the old Kotofu Rei but was amended in the existing Kotofu Rei, such amendments were made where appropriate (for instance, 'Imperial Household Minister' was amended as 'Grand Steward of the Imperial Household Agency,' 'Zusho no kami' as 'Manager of Imperial Household Archives,' and so on.)
- このうち第2王子の高枝王(802年(延暦21)~858年(天安2))は826年(天長3)に従四位下に直叙された後、因幡国や大舍人頭を務めた。
- After being granted Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) in 826, the second prince Takae (802-858) served as the Inaba no kami (Governor of Inaba Province) and Otoneri-no-kami (Director of the Bureau of Royal Attendants).
- 田部(たべ)とは、日本の古墳時代に設けられた土地や人民の支配制度の一つで、ヤマト王権が直接支配した人民のうち屯倉(みあけ)で耕作した方を指す。
- Tabe was one of the systems that were established during the Kofun period (tumulus period) to control people and land, which also referred to people who cultivated miyake under the direct control of Yamato sovereignty (the ancient Japan sovereignty).
- 片荒による休耕地は放牧地などとして用いられたが、こうした土地に再度鍬を入れて農地として回復させる荒田打(あらたうち)を行うことは困難であった。
- The property in fallow years for Kataarashi were used as grazing land but it was hard to plow and restart (called Aratauchi) such property for agricultural use.
- 玄宗は「今文」を基本としながらも、孔安国・鄭玄・韋昭・王粛らの注釈のうち優れたものを採用し、これら諸説を斟酌しながら注釈を加えたとされている。
- Genso believed the 'Kinbun' to be the base, and he wrote his commentaries while adopting those written by Ko Ankoku, Teigen, I Sho (Wei Zhao), and O Shuku (Wang Su).
- 近代は天皇は年齢にかかわらず長飾りつきの菊の置紋、皇族は菊のみ、即位での臣下のうち、奏任官・高等官以上は五七桐、伊勢神宮では飛鶴が用いられた。
- After the Meiji period, emperors used fans with heraldry of the Chrysanthemum with Nagakazari regardless of their ages; the Imperial family used the Chrysanthemum only; among retainers by enthronement, those of the offices originally selected as candidates by the Prime Minister and senior officials or higher used the crest of goshichi no kiri (literally, five seven paulownia); and at the Ise-jingu Shrine, the crest of flying cranes was used.
- 宮中三殿(きゅうちゅうさんでん)は、皇居にある賢所(かしこどころ、けんしょ)、皇霊殿(こうれいでん)、神殿(しんでん)という三つの神殿の総称。
- 'Kyuchu Sanden' is a general term which refers to the three shrines in the Imperial Court: the Kashikodokoro (also known as Kensho), the Koreiden, and the Shinden.
- ただし、当時は作文始・御遊始(管弦)と合わせた一連の行事として捉えられて御会始と呼ばれており、1日のうちに3つを行うのが通例と考えられていた。
- But because gokaihajime was considered to consist of a poetry reading, 作文始 and gyoyuhajime (ancient Japanese court music playing), it was thought to be a customary practice that these three events were held in one day.
- 働事(はたらき-ごと)は、能において、演者の所作と、能囃子によって構成される部分のうち、その所作が一定の表意的・具象的な要素を持つものを指す。
- Hataraki-goto refers to shosa (conduct) that has certain ideographical and representational elements in the parts that consist of performers' shosa and Noh-hayashi (percussion ensemble) in Noh plays.
- ハッピーマンデー制度導入に伴い、2000年から1月第2月曜日、つまり、その年の1月8日から1月14日までのうち月曜日に該当する日に変更された。
- Along with introduction of the 'happy Monday' system, from 2000 this holiday was set to be on the second Monday of January, in effect a Monday between 8 and 14 January.
- これより6年後の天正9年(1581年)に定められた明智光秀家中の軍法によれば、一千石取りで軍役32人、そのうち鉄砲5挺を用意すべき旨定めている。
- The Akechi family's military code, set forth six years after the battle, in 1581, stipulates that a person with 1,000 koku should provide 32 people for military service of whom 5 should be gunners.
- 〔表面〕「泰始四年(468年)夏の中月なる5月、夏のうち最も夏なる日の16目、火徳の旺んなる丙午の日の正牛の刻に、百度鍛えたる鋼の七支刀を造る。
- (On the front side) 'In May, the middle of summer in 468, at noon on the hottest summer day of Hinoeuma, the steel seven-pronged sword which was forged 100 times was made.
- 輩行名は「輩行」のうちの序列(=出生順)を表すもので、太郎、次郎、三郎・・・といった名のことであり、今日でも日本人の名前としても広く用いられる。
- Haikomei represents the seniority in the 'Haiko' (birth order) in names such as Taro, Jiro and Saburo, and they are widely used as given names today.
- 河内本(かわちぼん)とは、源氏物語の写本のうち、大監物源光行とその子源親行が作成したとされるものおよびそれを写して作成されたとされるものをいう。
- Kawachibon is a group of The Tale of Genji manuscripts allegedly created by Daikenmotsu (duty) MINAMOTO no Mitsuyuki and his son, MINAMOTO no Chikayuki, and their copies.
- 読経することにより難を逃れた話や、読経しているうちに朝日が昇ったところで鬼たちが逃げたり、いなくなったりする話が一般的で、仏の功徳を説く話である
- Stories where one escapes from danger by chanting sutras, or stories where the sun rises while one is chanting sutras and the demons run away or disappear are common, and they are stories preaching the benefits of the Buddha.
- 正保郷帳(しょうほうごうちょう)は、日本の江戸幕府が諸大名に命じて令制国単位で作らせた郷帳で、村の名と村高(村の生産力)をまとめた統計書である。
- Shoho-gocho is a statistical book which the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) ordered daimyo (feudal lords) to prepare by ryoseikoku (province), putting together the names and muradaka (total yields) of villages.
- その後、大正天皇の3皇子のうち、大正2年(1913年)に高松宮宣仁親王が断絶した有栖川宮の祭祀を継承するために高松宮の宮号を賜り宮家を創立した。
- After that, Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, who was one of Emperor Taisho's Princes of three, was given the Miya go title of Takamatsunomiya to succeed the ritual of Arisugawanomiya in 1913, that was discontinued after Takamatsunomiya Imperial Prince Nobuhito, and established a new Miyake.
- このうち、大字大原野は大原野北春日町、大原野南春日町の2町に、大字石見上里は大原野石見町、大原野上里上ノ町、大原野上里下ノ町の3町に編成された。
- Among them, Oaza Oharano was reorganized into the two towns of Oharano Kitakasuga-cho and Oharano Minamikasuga-cho, Oaza Iwamikamizato was reorganized into the three towns of Oharano Iwami-cho, Oharano Kamizato Kamino-cho and Oharano Kamizato Shimono-cho.
- 彼らは京都において、長州藩藩士桂小五郎、久坂玄瑞、その他京都に集う志士達と交流を重ねるうちに尊皇攘夷の志をますます堅固なものとして行ったのである。
- In Kyoto, they came to have a firmer conviction of Sonno Joi as they exchanged opinions with other patriots such as feudal retainer of Choshu Domain Kogoro KATSURA and Genzui KUSAKA.
- 評は、令制国の画定よりも早い時期に設置されており、『常陸国風土記』や木簡史料などから、孝徳期のうちに全国的に評の設置が完了したものと見られている。
- koori had been established earlier than the demarcation of the ryoseikoku provinces and according to historical materials made of mokkan (narrow, long, and thin pieces of wood strung together that were used to write on in ancient times) such as 'Hitachi no kuni fudoki' (the topography of Hitachi Province), provision of koori is thought to have been already completed nationwide in the reign of Emperor Kotoku.
- 諸経を学習後、医生40人のうち24人が体療(内科)、6人が創腫(外科)、6人が少小(小児科)、4人が耳目口歯の専門科目に分かれ、他もこれに準じた。
- After studying these textbooks, students advanced to the professional course, and for example, in the case of 40 students of medicine, 24 students advanced to the course of 'tairyo' (internal medicine), 6 to the course of 'soshu' (surgery), 6 to the course of 'shosho' (pediatrics), and 4 to the course of ear, eye, mouth, and tooth.
- ちなみに、二十六聖人のうち、フランシスコ会会員とされているのは、スペインのアルカンタラのペテロが改革を起こした「アルカンタラ派」の会員達であった。
- The Franciscan members in the Twenty-six martyrs were the members of 'the Alcantara group,' one of whom, a Spanish man, St. Peter of Alcantara, arose a reform.
- この2系統の本文のうち、鎌倉時代には「河内本」が圧倒的に優勢な状況であり、今川了俊などは、「青表紙本は絶えてしまった。」と述べていたほどであった。
- Of these two lines of text, 'Kawachibon' was overwhelmingly dominant during the Kamakura period, and Ryoshun IMAGAWA said, 'Aobyoshibon disappeared.'
- なお、諸藩のうち松前藩のみは米の収穫のない土地を領有していたため、家臣に対してアイヌ民族との交易場であった商場を地方にかわる知行として与えていた。
- Among the domains, Matsumae Domain was the only domain in which there was no yield from rice crop, akinaiba, in other word, koekiba (trading right) with the Ainu was given as a substitute of chigyo.
- 例えば、展開図を二次元の作品へと平らに折りたためるかどうかの問題 (flat-foldability) はそういった数学的課題のうちの一つである。
- For example, flat-foldability, an issue as to whether or not a crease pattern can be folded into a two-dimensional model, is an example of a mathematical challenge.
- また、重要美術品等認定物件のうち、海外への輸出が許可されて、認定を取消されたものは、1950年から2008年(平成20年)までの間に計25件ある。
- In addition, 25 important art objects lost their accreditation between 1950 and 2008 on the ground that their export to foreign countries was permitted.
- 登録資産のうち、「吉野・大峯」、「熊野三山(補陀洛山寺除く)」、「参詣道」の一部(大峯奥駈道および熊野参詣道の一部)は吉野熊野国立公園に含まれる。
- Among registered heritages, 'Yoshino, Omine,' 'Kumano Sanzan' (three major shrines, Kumano-Hongu-Taisha, Kumano-Hayatama-Taisha and Kumano-Nachi-Taisha) (excluding Fudarakusan-ji Temple), a part of 'pilgrimage routes' (Omine Okugake-michi Road and a part of Kumano Pilgrimage Routes) are included in Yoshino-Kumano National Park.
- 日比谷焼打事件(ひびややきうちじけん)は、日露戦争後の賠償に対する不満から、1905年9月5日、東京日比谷公園の集会をきっかけに起こった暴動のこと。
- Hibiya Incendiary Incident was a revolt caused from the dissatisfaction with the compensation after the Russo-Japanese War, triggered by the rally held at Hibiya Park in Tokyo on September 5, 1905.
- 当時の主な通貨のうちの銀貨の鋳造が行われたこと、この場所以外での貨幣鋳造が厳しく取り締まられたこと、などにより「銀・座」の名が付けられたと思われる。
- The name 'gin (silver)' and 'za (place)' is believed to originate from the fact that a mint chiefly issuing silver coins was located there and also that minting such coins in other areas was strictly controlled.
- 西南役(せいなんのえき)、丁丑の乱、十年戦争(鹿児島弁では「じねんのゆっさ」)、私学校戦争とも呼ばれ、明治初期の一連の士族反乱のうち最大規模のもの。
- Also known as Seinan no eki, Teichu no ran, Junen senso (in the Kagoshima dialect, Jinen no yussa), and Shigakko Senso, it was the biggest among a series of uprisings of warrior class broke out in the early Meiji period.
- 木棺のうち刳りぬき式のものは、巨木を縦に二つに割って、それぞれ内部を刳りぬき、蓋と身とが作られたものと考えられ、「割竹式木棺」と呼び習わされている。
- A hollowed out wooden coffin is called a 'Sakitake-shiki mokkan' (split bamboo type wooden coffin) and made of a big tree which is divided into two pieces; the inside of both pieces is then hollowed out and became a cover and body of the coffin.
- 入集した歌人のうちでは西行の作が94首と最も多く、以下慈円、藤原良経、藤原俊成、式子内親王(女流最多)、藤原定家、家隆、寂蓮、後鳥羽上皇の順である。
- Among the selected poems, 94 of Saigyo's poems were chosen, which was the most, followed by Jien, FUJIWARA no Yoshitsune, FUJIWARA no Toshinari, Empress Shikishi (the most among the female poets), FUJIWARA no Sadaie, Ietaka, Jakuren and the Retired Emperor Gotoba.
- 但し各巻の巻末には採用されていた写本との異同のうち『校異源氏物語』に記載されなかった若干の異同を補記するとともに明融臨模本との異同を付け加えてある。
- However, among the differences in the adopted manuscripts, a few text differences which was not on 'Koi Genji monogatari' were collected in each end of the book, and differences in Meiyurinmo-bon manuscript were also added.
- このうち、金鐘寺と、福寿寺については文献研究や発掘調査による研究がすすんでいて、この二寺院が、後の東大寺とどういう関係にあったのか、調べられている。
- Research on the Konshu-ji and Fukuju-ji Temples has been going on with the study of literature and the excavation of the sites in order to clarify their relationships with Todai-ji Temple built later.
- 622年に聖徳太子が死ぬと、橘大郎女は推古天皇に願い出て、釆女に天寿国曼荼羅繍帳(てんじゅこくまんだらしゅうちょう、天寿国繍帳とも言う)を作らせた。
- When the Prince Shotoku died in 622, with the permission of the Empress Suiko, TACHIBANA no Ooiratsume ordered Uneme (the ancient court hostess) to make the Tenjukoku Mandara Shucho (tapestries with embroideries representing Tenjuku paradise, also called Tenjukoku Shucho).
- このうち、源光基は美福門院の家人・源光保の甥であり、京都の治安を預かる検非違使別当は藤原惟方であることから、クーデターには二条親政派の同意もあった。
- Among these conspirators, MINAMOTO no Mitsumoto was the nephew of MINAMOTO no Mitsuyasu, who was a retainer of Bifukumonin, and this, coupled with the fact that the Kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the Imperial Police), whose duty was to preserve the peace in Kyoto, was FUJIWARA no Korekata, also a Nijo faction member, indicates that the Nijo faction had at least tacitly agreed to and supported the coup.
- 彼らは地頭という全く新しい職に付いたわけではなく、あくまで荘官や郷司・保司のうち幕府と主従関係を結んだものが地頭と呼ばれる点に付いては注意されたい。
- Note that it does not mean that they took up a completely new Shiki called Jito; Jito was simply a position, among Shokan, Goji and Hoji, which had a master-subordinate relationship with the feudal government.
- 東海道五十三次(とうかいどうごじゅうさんつぎ)は、江戸時代に整備された五畿七道のうち、東海道を通る幹線道路(街道)「東海道」にある53の宿場を指す。
- The '53 stations' of the Tokaido Road refers to 53 stations in 'Tokaido Road,' which is the major road running through the Tokaido region and is among five provinces and seven circuits(Gokishichido).
- 用法としては、司法試験合格者のうち、裁判官等への任官を拒否するために用いられ、その他には防衛大学校卒業者が自衛官への任官を拒否する場合にも用いられる。
- As a rule, ninkankyohi is used in the case when somebody who passed the bar examination refuses to be appointed as a judge or when somebody graduates from the National Defense Academy refuses to get appointed as a Self-Defense force official.
- 長である市正(いちのかみ)は本来は正六位上相当の官であったが、五位の実務官僚や得業生や文章生のうち成功 (任官)に応じた者が任命されることが多かった。
- Ichi no kami (Commissioner of the Market) as the head was originally an official equivalent to Shorokuinojo (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Grade), but a person who accepted to have an appointment among governmental official of Goi (Fifth Rank) responsible for practical works, tokugyosho (student like postgraduate, student taking the graduate program) and monjosho (student of literary studies in the Imperial University) most of the time.
- 大宝 (日本)元年(701年)から弘仁10年(819年)までの119年間に施行された詔・勅・官符・官奏などのうち重要なものを関連する官司別に編纂した。
- The most important of the Imperial rescripts, official documents from the State Council, and formal petitions to the Emperor that were enforced for 119 years (from 701 to 819) were compiled by the the respective government officials.
- 後に一揆のうちの一部集団には横浜市の外国人居留地を襲撃する計画があったことも発覚し、続く9月のアメリカ公使襲撃(前述)と並んで外国公使らを緊張させた。
- Later, it was also revealed that some of the group attempted a raid on the settlement for foreigners in Yokohama City, and the attempt, along with the above mentioned attack on the U.S. Envoy, made the foreign envoys nervous.
- 元禄期の作とされる『土芥寇讎記』によれば、当時243の藩のうち地方知行が行われていたのは外様大名系の大藩を中心とした39藩に過ぎなかったとされている。
- According to 'Dokai Koshuki, ' a compilation of reports which is said to have been written in the Genroku era (1688-1707), jigatachigyo was conducted in only 39 domains out of the 243 domains in those days, and a majority of them were the domains of tozama daimyo (outside daimyo who were not hereditary vassals of the shogun).
- このうち「鞘当」と「古今彦惣」はともに鶴屋南北 (4代目)作の歌舞伎狂言、「白木屋お熊」は享保27年 (1727) に実際におきた殺人未遂事件である。
- Both 'Saya-ate' and 'Hikozo KOKIN' were Kabuki kyogen plays written by Nanboku TSURUYA Ⅳ, and 'Okuma SHIRAKOYA' was a factual attempted murder happened in 1727.
- 地域によって「一日のうちに三社詣でなければならない」「三が日の間に詣でなければならない」といった決まりごとが聞かれるが、これといって定まってはいない。
- In some areas we hear rules such as 'You must visit three shrines within one day.' or 'You must make the visits on the first three days in January.', but there are no fixed rules.
- このうち貴族や豪族の氏寺はともかく、村々の住民が信仰の中心として建てた小規模な寺まで実際に監督することが可能であったのかについては疑問が残されている。
- Among these, aside from family temples of nobles or local ruling families, whether small temples worshiped by people in villages could be supervised has been questionable.
- 殺害された日本人のうち公使館員等で朝鮮人兇徒によって殺害された以下の日本人男性は、軍人であると否とにかかわらず、戦没者に準じて靖国神社に合祀されている。
- Among the Japanese victims, the following men such as legation staff who were killed by the angry Korean mob were, regardless of being soldiers or not, enshrined at the Yasukuni-jinja Shrine as war dead.
- 熊野三山検校のうち、初代の増誉から6代の覚実までは、大峰山や葛城山、熊野において修行を積んだ修験者として知られ、三井長吏(園城寺の長吏)に補されている。
- Of all Kumano Sanzan Kengyo, from Zoyo, the founder, to Kakujitsu, the 6th generation, were known to be ascetic Buddhist monks who practiced asceticism in Mt. Omine, Mt. Katsuragi, and Kumano and were appointed to Mitsui Chori, Chori of Onjo-ji Temple.
- さようの日のうち、使役する鬼神の一鬼(第三番目の羅刹神)が横暴であるため、転じて六日ごとに訪れるその日は結婚や祝い事などの行事はしない方が良いとされる。
- Due to the high-handed behavior of one of the Kijin employed (the third Rasetsu-shin God), it is said that it had better not to hold such event as weddings and celebrations on the day of the Kijin which comes every six days.
- 廃藩置県後、明治政府は旧藩の債務を整理したが、その際7413万両のうち3486万両分しか認めず、認めた分も長期の公債による分割支払いとした(藩債処分)。
- After the Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) the Meiji Government dealt with the disposal of debt of domains, but the government only accepted 3,486 ryo (currency denomination at that period) out of 7,413 ryo, and the approved debt were decided to be repaid by long period of installment plan with public bond (this was called Hansai Shobun, the Policy to Measure Debts of Feudal Clans).
- さらに残る7枚のうち、佐倉市の国立歴史民俗博物館で2枚(34番蝦夷江差町、35番蝦夷奥尻島)、国立国会図書館で1枚(107番駿河国静岡市)が発見された。
- Of the remaining 7 sheets, two sheets were discovered at National Museum of Japanese History in Sakura City (No.34 Esashi-cho, No.35 Ezo and Okushiri Island, Ezo) and one at National Diet Library (No.107 Shizuoka City, Suruga Province).
- 能楽協会は、この四座一流に所属していた諸流派の系譜を継ぐ能楽師たちのうち、素人の習い事としての能楽ではなく、能楽上演を職業とする者が所属する団体である。
- Nogaku Kyokai is an organization for the nogakushi who have inherited those schools that were part of Yamato-shiza and who are professionally involved in Noh performances, not the kind taken as a lesson by amateurs.
- 200から300メートルの大きな古墳が並び、そのうちには第10代の崇神天皇(行灯山古墳)、第12代の景行天皇(渋谷向山古墳)の天皇陵があるとされている。
- Large tumuli, from 200 meters to 300 meters, were lined up, and it is said that the Imperial mausoleums of the 10th Emperor Sujin (Andonyama-kofun Tumulus) and the 12th Emperor Keiko (Shibutani Mukoyama-kofun Tumulus) were among them.
- 3年の留学の後、知識と技術を得た彼らのうち数人は後に現東京工業大学の第1期卒業生となり、ある者は美術家となるが、彼らの多くは日本国内の建築分野で活躍した。
- A good deal of knowledge was gained from the three-year mission and, after returning to Japan, many of the delegates played an important part in architectural circles, some became artists, while others became the first graduates of what is now known as the Tokyo Institute of Technology.
- 検注が古代の検田を引き継ぐことから検田帳(けんでんちょう)と呼ばれていたほか、実検帳(じつけんちょう)・丸帳(まるちょう)・馬上帳(ばじょうちょう)とも。
- Since kenchu originated from kenden (cadastral surveys), kenchucho was also called kendencho (ledger of kenden), jikkencho (ledger of survey), marucho (ledger of round), and bajocho (ledger of hourseback).
- このうち忠正は甥の清盛が助命してくれることを期待していたが、清盛は自分が伯父を斬れば、義朝も父を斬らざるをえなくなるだろうと陰謀をはたらかせて自ら斬った。
- Tadamasa expects his nephew Kiyomori will save him, but Kiyomori kills his uncle, thinking if he kills his uncle, Yoshitomo also has to kill his father.
- 九州王朝説(きゅうしゅうおうちょうせつ)とは、古田武彦によって提唱された、7世紀末まで九州に王朝があり、大宰府(太宰府)がその首都であったとする説である。
- Kyushu ocho setsu is a theory that a dynasty existed in Kyushu until the end of the seventh century and Dazai-fu was the capital of the dynasty, advocated by Takehiko FURUTA.
- さらに、信長は本願寺に「京都御所再建費用」の名目で矢銭5000貫を請求し、石山からの立ち退きも要求したが、顕如はこのうち矢銭の請求のみを受け入れ支払った。
- Nobunaga also requested Hongan-ji Temple to pay 5000 kan (unit of volume, approx.3.75 kg) of war funds under the pretext of 'reconstruction expenses of the Kyoto Imperial palace' and to leave Ishiyama, but Kennyo only accepted the claim of the war funds.
- 国宝(第27条第2項):重要文化財のうち、世界文化の見地から価値の高いもので、たぐいない国民の宝たるものを、文部科学大臣は「国宝」に指定することができる。
- National Treasure (Item 2, Article 27): The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology may designate among important cultural properties, products with high values from the perspective of worldwide culture which are the treasure of the nation having no equal as 'national treasure.'
- このうち「済」、「興」、「武」については研究者間でほぼ一致を見ているが、「讃」と「珍」については「宋書」と「記紀」の伝承に食い違いがあるため未確定である。
- Researchers have nearly reached consensus on the identification of 'Sai', 'Ko' and 'Bu' in the above theory, but 'San' and 'Chin' are yet to be confirmed due to discrepancy between the traditions written in Sungshu (Book of the Sung dynasty) and Kiki (Kojiki [Record of Ancient Matter] and Nihonshoki).
- 陵墓に指定されている古墳のうち、天皇陵は41基、皇后陵は11基、皇太子などの墓は34基であり、天皇、皇后、皇子名を合葬したものを差し引くと合計85基ある。
- There are a total of 896 mausoleums, including 42 quasi-mausoleums, 68 memorial pagodas and 46 potential mausoleums that have the possibility of being imperial family members' graves according to tradition.
- 白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させて院政を開始する事になった。
- In the following year, Emperor Shirakawa disregarded his father's will, making his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito (who later became Emperor Horikawa) an Imperial Prince; the same day, he abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Taruhito accordingly and Emperor Horikawa ascended to the throne, thus initiating the government by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa.
- 長崎貿易の決済には金銀が多用されたが、この結果、日本の国内通貨量のうち金貨の4分の1、銀貨の4分の3が開幕から元禄までの間に海外に流出したと新井は計算した。
- Since a lot of gold and silver were used in the trade between Holland and Japan, Arai estimated that a quarter of gold coins and three quarter of silver coins circulated in Japan went overseas between the beginning of the Edo period to the Genroku era.
- 赤穂藩浅野家家臣は士分だけでも300名以上いたが、このうち討ち入りに参加したのは46名で(寺坂は士分ではなく足軽身分)、8割以上が討ち入りに参加していない。
- There were more than 300 retainers of the Asano family in Ako Domain; however, those who took part in the raid were 46 (Terasaka was a foot soldier and not in the samurai class), and more than 80% of them did not participate.
- 大仏と大仏殿の再建担当者に任じられたのは渡宋経験のある俊乗坊重源(しゅんじょうぼうちょうげん)であり、彼によって宋から伝来の新建築様式の大仏様が導入された。
- It was the priest Chogen who was appointed chief of the reconstruction of the Great Buddha and its hall, and Chogen (also called Shunjo-bo) once had been to Sung-dynasty China, so he newly applied Daibutsu-yo (the Buddhist architecture), which originated from Sung-dynasty China, to the hall.
- 全編、詞書のない白描画であり、うち甲巻と乙巻は、かえる、うさぎ、さる、きつねなどの動物を擬人化して描き、軽妙な筆致で末法の世相を風刺した異色の絵巻物である。
- All scrolls are the hakubyoga (white monochrome drawing) without Kotobagaki, and in its volumes one and two, animals such as frogs, rabbits, monkeys, and foxes are personified and described; these are the unique emakimono that squibbed the social situations of Mappo with a light touch.
- 京都府にある建造物の重要文化財一覧(きょうとふにあるけんぞうぶつのじゅうようぶんかざいいちらん)は、重要文化財の建造物のうち、京都府にあるものの一覧である。
- The list of buildings and structures in Kyoto Prefecture which have been designated as important cultural properties lists those existing in Kyoto Prefecture from all the buildings and structures designated as important cultural property in Japan.
- 短期間のうちにほぼ独力で近代国家を整備し、西欧列強に比肩する国家を築き上げたことは諸外国からは奇跡と見られ、とくにアジア諸国にとって近代革命の模範となった。
- People in foreign countries thought it a miracle that Japan organized a modern state mostly on their own in such a short period and built a country which had almost the same power as any Western European country, and it served as a model for the modern revolution especially for other Asian countries.
- このうち、日本国国憲按は、皇帝の国憲遵守の誓約や議会の強い権限を定めるなど、ベルギー憲法(1831年)やプロイセン憲法(1850年)の影響を強く受けていた。
- Japan's national constitution draft was strongly influenced by the constitutions of Belgium (1831) and Prussia (1850), and insisted the emperor's compliance with the constitution and the strong authority of the assembly.
- 天正10年(1582年)5月、朝廷は安土城の信長に使者を送って征夷大将軍・関白・太政大臣のうちから希望する官職に任じる用意がある事を伝えた(三職推任問題)。
- In May, 1582, the Imperial Court sent an emissary to Nobunaga at Azuchi-jo Castle to inform him of its being ready to award him the position of either Seii Taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians'), Kanpaku, or Dajodaijin (Prime Minister) of his choice (the sanshoku suinin mondai, or the matter over the three recommended positions).
- 律令制が本格的に施行された8世紀のうちから、官吏、特に国司交替の手続きに関する法令(詔勅・太政官符)を集成した私撰の「交替式」と呼ばれる書物が存在していた。
- As early as the eight century when the Ritsuryo system was enforced on a large scale, a privately compiled book called 'Kotaishiki' existed, in which the laws and regulations concerning the procedures for replacing government officers, in particular, kokushi (provincial governors) (Shochoku - imperial edicts) and Daijokanpu (official documents issued by Daijokan, Grand Council of State) were collected.
- これは伝統的な宮廷文化の枠組みの中にあった連歌の題材を、広く世相に求め、伝統的な詩形や題材と卑近なものの組みあわせのうちにおかしみを見出そうとする試みである。
- This was an attempt to pursue the subject matter of renga in the social conditions, and to try to find humor in the combination of a traditional poetic form and something familiar.
- 五位以上の散位は散位寮に長上(常勤)し、六位以下のうち、在京のものは散位寮に分番(交替勤務)し、他は国府に分番して、他の官司の手伝いや使者としての事務を行う。
- Sanni, who was higher than goi (Fifth Rank) in the rank, worked full-time in Sanniryo and among people lower than rokui (Sixth Rank) in the rank, those who were in Kyoto did bunban (shiftwork) in Sanniryo, and the others did bunban in kokufu (provincial office) and helped the other government officials and attended to their business as messengers.
- 「法華読誦の力にて、幽霊まさに成仏の道明らかになり(中略)打ちし砧の声のうち、開くる法の華心、菩提の種となりにけり (法華経の力で成仏の道が明らかになった。」
- The power of the Hokke-kyo Sutra (the Lotus Sutra) opens the way to a peaceful death.'
- 東海道中膝栗毛(とうかいどうちゅうひざくりげ)は、1802年(享和2年)から1814年(文化 (元号)11年)にかけて初刷りされた、十返舎一九の滑稽本である。
- Tokaidochu Hizakurige is a book of comical stories by Ikku JUPPENSHA, with their first printings taking place between 1802 to 1814.
- 7代将軍に義教の嫡子足利義勝が9歳で将軍職を継いだが、僅か一年足らずのうちに急逝し、義勝の次弟である義政が管領の畠山持国らに推挙され、8歳で将軍職を継承した。
- Yoshinori's legitimate son Yoshikatsu ASHIKAGA succeeded his father as the Seventh Shogun at the age of nine, but he died a sudden death in less than a year, and Yoshimasa, Yoshikatsu's immediate younger brother inherited the Shogun at the age of eight, supported by Kanrei Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA and others.
- これをもって侵攻の意図と見る見解があり、14万人という過剰な人員のうち、旧南宋の兵員からなる江南軍10万人は軍隊兼移民団だったのでは、と言う見解も出されている。
- Some people consider that it indicates his intention of invasion, and out of 140,000 soldiers, whose number was excessively large, 100,000 soldiers of the Southern Yangtze Army, consisting of the former Southern Sung soldiers, would have been immigrants as well as soldiers.
- 遂には近習、特に主君の寵童(少年愛近世相手を務める者のうち、特に主君の寵愛の深い者)出身者、重臣で殉死を願わないものは不忠者、臆病者とまで言われるようになった。
- People even went so far as to call an attendant, especially the master's chodo (a boy who stands high in the favor of his master among those who entertain pederasts) and the chief retainer who didn't wish to commit junshi an unfaithful follower and a coward.
- 整備なった大輪田泊をそのうちに取り込む「和田京」造営計画は地形的制約もあって計画のみに終わったが、清盛は、大輪田泊を見下ろす山麓に福原京を築いて遷都を強行した。
- The construction plan of 'Wada-kyo', including Owada no tomari in good condition, ended in just a plan because of geographical constraints, but Kiyomori forced the capital relocation by building Fukuhara-kyo in the foothills overlooking Owada no tomari.
- 歌合などでは、小貴族であっても和歌の腕がよければ選ばれて光栄に浴することも出来たので、身分の低い参加者のうちには文字通り命がけの覚悟で歌を練るものもいたと言う。
- Since even minor nobles would be able to have the honor of being selected if they were skilled at waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables), especially utaawase, it is said that some of the people of low birth were desperate to come up with good poems, literally for their lives.
- 文化庁長官は、重要無形民俗文化財以外の無形の民俗文化財のうち特に必要のあるものを選択して、自らその記録を作成し、保存し、又は公開することができるものとしている。
- The director-general of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may select especially needed properties among immaterial folk cultural properties except important intangible folk cultural properties, and may produce records, store or exhibit them.
- こうした支配体制を名体制(みょうたいせい)または王朝体制(おうちょうたいせい)などというが、これにより、国司は一定の租税収入を確保することができるようになった。
- Such a control system was called myotaisei or ochotaisei, and with this system, kokushi able to secure a certain amount of tax income.
- 岑守の提案は採用され、4か年に限って大宰府管内9か国の口分田と乗田(口分田班給後に余った田地)総計約7万6千町のうち約1万3千町を公営田とすることが認められた。
- His proposal was adopted and about 13,000 out of about 76,000 cho, which consisted of kubunden (the farm land given to each farmer in the Ritsuryo system) and joden (rest of the field after kubunden was given) of nine counties in Dazaifu, was admitted to be Kueiden for four years.
- 田令によれば、租として納められた稲穀は一旦正倉として納められて正税とされたが、そのうちの一部を精米して所属する国に対して指定された時期(2-8月)に都へと運んだ。
- According to the Denryo, raw grain collected as So was taken to the Shoso (public repository) and considered shozei (rice tax) but part of them was refined into white rice and transported to the capital during the designated period (February to August) depending upon the province they belonged.
- このうち、建久2年(1191年)の建久新制・寛喜3年(1231年)の寛喜新制・文永10年(1273年)の文永新制は、特に三代制符(さんだいせいふ)と呼ばれている。
- Among others, Kenkyu shinsei (new law issued in the Kenkyu period) in 1191, Kangi shinsei (new law issued in the Kangi period) in 1231 and Bunei shinsei (new law issued in the Bunei period) in 1273 were specially called Sandai seifu (the three major seifu).
- このうち、国司には中央から派遣されたが、郡司・里長はかつての在地首長である地域の豪族層が終身官として任命され、実質上自分の支配地域を行政単位として認められていた。
- The provincial governor was sent from the central government, whereas the local magistrate or village chief was appointed for life from local powerful clans who had ruled the area, which virtually meant that they were approved to govern the areas they originally ruled as administrative districts of the central government.
- 享保丁銀(きょうほうちょうぎん)とは正徳 (日本)4年(1714年)8月に発行された丁銀の一種で秤量銀貨であり、正徳丁銀(しょうとくちょうぎん)と呼ぶ場合もある。
- Kyoho-chogin is a silver coin by weight standard as well as a kind of chogin that was issued in September 1714, and it was called by 'Shotoku-chogin'as well.
- 同書には「おばけのうちにスナカケババといふものあり、人淋しき森のかげ、神社のかげを通れば、砂をバラバラふりかけておどろかすといふもの、その姿見たる人なし」とある。
- SAWADA's book says that there is a ghost called Sunakake-baba who surprises people by throwing sand at them while walking by desolate woods or shrines, but that no one has seen her.
- 主従3人のやりとりのうちに飯は炊けるが、食事のさなかに逆臣方に加担する管領・山名宗全(酒井雅楽頭に相当)の奥方・栄御前が現われ、持参の菓子を鶴千代の前に差し出す。
- As they have a talk, the rice is ready to eat, but when they are having a meal, Sakae Gozen, wife of Sozen YAMANA (corresponds to Sakai Uta no Kami) who is Kanrei (shogunal deputy) and supports the rebellious retainers, comes along with sweets and offers them to Tsuruchiyo.
- 神経痛、筋肉痛、関節痛、五十肩、運動麻痺、関節のこわばり、うちみ、くじき、慢性消化器病、痔疾、冷え性、病後回復期、疲労回復、健康増進、きりきず、やけど、慢性皮膚病
- Nerve pain, muscle ache, joint ache, frozen shoulder, motor paralysis, stiff joints, contusion, twisted joint, chronic digestive diseases, hemorrhoid, excessive sensitivity to cold, recovery from illness, soothing effect, health enhancement, cut, burn injury and chronic skin diseases
- 定説では、日本の武士は名乗りを上げての一騎打ちしか戦い方を知らず一方的に敗退したが、幸運にも暴風雨、いわゆる神風が起きて、元の船団はその夜のうちに撤退したとされる。
- The well accepted theory says that Japanese samurai easily lost, because the only fighting method they knew was one to one battle by declaring their names, but fortunately the Yuan fleet was forced to withdraw within that night because of a storm, the so-called Kamikaze (divine wind).
- そのうち堀部武庸(太刀)、礒貝正久(槍)、倉橋武幸、杉野次房、赤埴重賢、三村包常、菅谷政利、大石信清(槍)、村松高直(槍)、寺坂信行の10士が吉良邸内へと突入した。
- There were ten people who broke into Kira's property; Taketsune HORIBE (sword), Masahisa ISOGAI (spear), Takeyuki KURAHASHI, Tsugifusa SUGINO, Shigetaka AKABANE, Kanetsune MINOMURA, Masatoshi SUGAYA, Nobukiyo OISHI (spear), Takanao MURAMATSU (spear) and Nobuyuki TERASAKA.
- 2008年3月、2007年11月に藤原宮跡から地鎮具として出土した平瓶(ひらか)の中に詰められていた富本銭9枚のうち8枚が従来のものと異なる書体であったと発表した。
- In March, 2008, it was announced that eight out of nine Fuhonsen coins which were packed in a flattened bottle which was discovered as ground-breaking equipment from Fujiwara Palace Site in November, 2007, had different calligraphic style from the traditional one.
- しかしその年のうちに政盛が死去、越後では為景と新守護上杉定実の争いが起き、近隣の井上一族を始め北信濃の国人衆が上杉方に付き、唯一の長尾方として孤立していく事となる。
- However, Masamori died within the year, the conflict between Tamekage and Sadazane UESUGI, a new governor, took place in Echigo, local lords in northern Shinano (including the neighboring Inoue family) sided with the Uesugi, and the Takanashi clan was isolated as the Nagao side.
- その後、近衛家の東京移住に伴って取り壊されることになった近衛邸のうち、東山の御蔵が献上されて残された文庫の保管に用いられたために、その名前がそのまま文庫名となった。
- Later, the original houses were decided to be demolished when the Konoe family moved to Tokyo, but the okura (a rice storehouse of the Edo bakufu) of Higashiyama was presented and used for storing the remained books and thus the name became a name of the library.
- しかし、最後の氷期である晩氷期と呼ばれる約1万3000から1万年前の気候は、数百年で寒冷期と温暖期が入れ替わるほどで、急激な厳しい環境変化が短期間のうちに起こった。
- However, the environment had such rapid and severe changes in the short period of time that the cold period changed into the warm period in the several hundred years in the last glacial age called the late glacial stage approximately from 13,000 to 10,000 years ago.
- 農民67名が逮捕され、うち51名が兇徒聚集罪などで起訴されたが、1902年12月25日、仙台控訴審で起訴無効という判決が下り、実質的に全員不起訴という形で決着した。
- Of those 67 peasants arrested in the Kawamata Incident, 51 persons were charged with mass rioting, but on December 25, 1902 the Sendai Court of Appeal finally decided to drop the case and none of them were charged with any crimes.
- 現在治定されている天皇陵のうち、奈良時代までの天皇陵については、歴史学的・考古学的に同意できるものは推古天皇陵、天智天皇陵、天武・持統天皇陵など数か所程度とされる。
- Among graves built during or before the Nara period that are currently recognized as imperial mausoleums, only a few (including mausoleums of Emperor Suiko, Emperor Temchi, Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito) can be historically and archaeologically certified as such.
- 2通のうちの1通(文頭が「和可夜之奈比乃(わがやしなひの)…」)の紙背には、天平宝字6年(762年)1月のものと考えられる記録『造石山寺所食物用帳』が記されている。
- On the formerly used side of one of the two documents (starting with 和可夜之奈比乃 - wagayashinahino), 'zo-Ishiyamadera-shokumotsucho' (a book for food at the office for constructing Ishiyam-dera Temple), which is considered having been written in January of 762, is recorded.
- 七星の一つミザールにある「アルコル」を8番目の星と見なすことにより齟齬をなくしているが、これによって「八犬士のうち一人が子供として登場する理由」も説明できるとする。
- He avoids variance by regarding 'Alcor' accompanying one of the seven stars Mizar as the eighth star, and insists that this explains the fact that 'one of the eight Dog Warriors made his appearance as a child.'
- 例えば、南極海のヒゲクジラ類については、採餌海域である南極海に回遊してきて間もない時期には痩せて脂肪の乗りが少なく、長期間滞在するうちに脂肪が豊富になるといわれる。
- For example, it is said that the baleen whales in the Antarctic ocean are lean and not fatty, when coming to the ocean to feed themselves, but become gradually fatty during their long stay there.
- 英語表記の一つ「pit-house」は、厳密には、竪穴式住居のうちで、屋根以外は、竪穴自体で構成されている、つまり竪穴に屋根を被せた形の家屋ないしは住居のことをいう。
- Strictly speaking, the English term 'pit-house' is used to describe the type of tateana-shiki dwelling which, except for the thatched roof, consists solely of the dug-up depression, that is, a dwelling that is a depression in the ground covered with a roof.
- さらに長く続いた生類憐れみの令のために、鳥も獣も人を恐れることがないから、飢餓で彷徨する人は息のあるうちにさえカラスやトビに襲われ、倒れれば野犬の餌食となったという。
- In addition, due to the persevering law, birds and animals were not afraid of humans and men wandering around due to famine were attacked by crows and kites, becoming the prey of stray dogs if they fell.
- 官庁集中計画(かんちょうしゅうちゅうけいかく)は明治時代の首都計画で、議事堂や官庁などを霞が関付近に集中し、パリやベルリンに並ぶ華麗なバロック都市を建設しようとした。
- The government offices centralizing plan was the city plan of the capital of Tokyo which was organized in the Meiji period; it planned to build a splendid baroque city which would be equivalent to Paris or Berlin by centralizing official buildings such as the Congress Hall and government offices around Kasumigaseki area in Tokyo.
- 東京時代(とうきょうじだい)とは、日本の歴史における時代区分のうちで、江戸幕府が崩壊して明治維新が開始された1868年以後についての呼称として考え出された概念の一つ。
- The Tokyo period is a notion devised as a way to refer to the period after 1868, when the Edo bakufu collapsed and the Meiji restoration was started, within the framework of periodization of Japanese history.
- 「弘仁格」を継いで弘仁11年(820年)より延喜10年(868年)までの49年間の詔勅・太政官符のうち編纂当時に実際に行われていた重要な取捨選択して各省毎に配列した。
- Following 'Konin-kyaku Code,' they chose from Shochoku (imperial edicts) and Daijokanpu (official documents from the Department of State to local governments) significant laws which had been enforced for 49 years (820-868) and arranged them according to each ministry.
- なお絞柱で処刑された死刑囚のうち3人が蘇生したことが記録されているが、処刑の経緯やその後の経緯について記録が現在に伝わるのが後述する田中藤作に関するものが唯一である。
- Records show that three of condemneds resuscitated after execution by Kochu but only following Tosaku TNAKA's case tells detailed records of the execution and after the execution today.
- 民俗文化財(みんぞくぶんかざい)とは、民俗資料のうち、とくに資料性が高く、保存措置が必要だったり、あるいは、保存のための措置や施策が功を奏すると期待される資料である。
- Folk-cultural properties refer to material folk-culture with a particularly high value which require preservation measures, or measures or rules for such preservation are expected to be effective.
- 昭和維新を標榜した一連の変革運動でも、君民一体の思想から、天皇による直接支配こそ社会の閉塞をうちやぶるものであり、「君側の奸」がそれを妨げているという主張がなされた。
- In a series of transformative movements which shaped the Showa Restoration, activists insisted from the viewpoint that the Emperor was the symbol of the unity of people, Emperor's direct reign of Japan could open a closed society, but 'Wily vassals surrounding the Emperor' caused criticism against it.
- 中入りなしの一段ものだが、「安宅までの道行」「勧進帳読み上げ」「義経打擲(ちょうちゃく)」「難を逃れた主従の対話」「富樫が追ってきて酒宴になる」の五場にわけられよう。
- Although it is a one-act without intermission, it can be separated into five scenes; 'Trip to Ataka,' 'Reading out kanjincho,' 'Thrashing Yoshitsune,' 'Dialogue between the master and the servant getting out of trouble' and 'Feast after Togashi runs after them.'
- 選択無形文化財(せんたく むけい ぶんかざい)とは、重要無形文化財以外の無形文化財のうち、記録・保存・公開に関する経費の一部に公費による補助を充てることができるもの。
- A selected intangible cultural property refers to intangible cultural property whose expense related to record, preservation and disclosure is partly subsidized by public funds, except important intangible cultural properties.
- 負名は、私出挙により得た50%の利子のうち30%分を公出挙の利子として地方機関に納入すれば残りの20%を正倉管理料、運用請負費用等として自分のものとすることが出来た。
- If Fumyo paid 30% of the total interest of 50% obtained through Shi-Suiko to local administrative organizations as interest for Ku-Suiko, they were allowed to keep the remaining 20% for themselves as a management fee for the Shoso and the cost for undertaking the operation, etc.
- そのうち片岡高房(槍)、富森正因(槍)、武林隆重(槍)、奥田重盛(太刀)、矢田助武(槍)、勝田武堯(槍)、吉田兼貞、岡島常樹、小野寺秀富の9士で吉良邸内へ突入している。
- There were nine members who broke into Kira's property; Takafusa KATAOKA (spear), Masayori TOMINOMORI (spear), Takashige TAKABAYASHI (spear), Shigemori OKUDA (sword), Suketake YADA (spear), Taketaka KATSUTA (spear), Kanesada YOSHIDA, Tsuneki OKAJIMA and Hidetomi ONODERA
- このうち所得と学歴については、他アジア系に比べると若干低いものの、ヒスパニックを除く白人の平均や全米平均よりは明らかに高く、貧困率については全人種の中でも低い方である。
- Of all these characteristics, the average income and education of Japanese Americans are a little bit lower than those of other Asian Americans, but significantly higher than the average white and the U.S. national average (Hispanics excluded), and the poverty rate of Japanese Americans is one of the lowest in all the races in the U.S.
- なお、天平3年(731年)以後は基本書(『九章算術』・『六章』・『綴術』)3問に加えて、『周髀算経』1問の計4問のうちから不正解を出すと及第は認められないこととなった。
- After 731, students could not pass the examination if they gave wrong answers to any one of four questions: one from the 'Shuhisankei,' or any of the three from the basic documents ('Kyushosanjutsu,' 'Rokusho' and 'Tenjutsu').
- 料紙は、古渡りの唐紙で、白、縹(はなだ:薄い藍色)、朽葉色などの具引きを施した上に、雲母(きら)で唐草、雲鶴、夾竹桃(きょうちくとう)などの文様を刷り出したものである。
- The writing paper was imported from China during or before the Muromachi period, and 'gubiki' was done on the paper with white, hanada (light indigo blue), and filemot, then the paper was patterned with intertwined foliage, cranes flying in the clouds, and oleanders using mica powders.
- その後、701年(大宝 (日本)元年)に定められた大宝令官制に至って、後の八省の一つとなる宮内省(くないしょう、みやのうちのつかさ)に類似した組織が定められたとされる。
- Later, it is said that, according to the regulations based on Taiho-ryo (Taiho Code) set in 701, an organization similar to the Imperial Household Ministry (kunai-sho, miyanouchi-no-tsukasa) which became one of the Hassho (eight ministries and agencies) was established.
- 昭和初期までただ石州流と称していたが、石州系他派と区別するため七世の信方の茶号宗猿より流派名をとり石州流茶道宗猿系(せきしゅうりゅうちゃどうそうえんけい)と称している。
- It had been called just Sekishu-ryu school until the early Showa period, but to distinguish itself from other schools of Sekishu-ryu school, it took its name from the title of Nobukata in the seventh head, Soen, and changed its name to Sekishu-ryu chado Soen kei (Japanese tea ceremony Soen-kei group of Sekishu-ryu school).
- そのうちの1人である源頼朝は、6月末頃から河内源氏累代の家人とされる相模・伊豆・武蔵の武士団への呼びかけを始めて、8月17日には、伊豆在住の山木兼隆を襲撃して殺害する。
- One of them, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, from near the end of June started to call to bushi groups in Sagami, Izu and Musashi that were traditionally vassals of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), and attacked and killed Kanetaka YAMAKI, who lived in Izu, on August 17.
- そのうちに一人の日本人がフランスで豪遊しているという情報が、フランス駐在中弁務使鮫島尚信やイギリス駐在大弁務使寺島宗則の耳に入り、日本の外務省・副島外務卿に連絡が入った。
- In the meantime, a France-based middle commissioner Naonobu SAMEJIMA and an England-based major commissioner Munenori TERASHIMA heard a news that one Japanese was engaging in extravagances and this news was reported to the Foreign Minister SOEJIMA in Japan.
- これに対して政友会をはじめとする政党や一般国民、幸三派のうち入閣を拒否した同成会は勿論のこと、閣僚を出していた茶話会・公正会までが清浦内閣と研究会の糾弾を始めたのである。
- In response, political parties such as Seiyu-kai, ordinary people and Doseikai (one of saiwai-sanpa) which refused to send its member to the cabinet, and even Sawakai and Koseikai which sent their members to the cabinet started to condemn KIYOURA Cabinet and Kenkyukai.
- 前者は荘園住民のうちの上級層にあたり、年貢納入の義務を負う代わりに作人・小百姓らを動員して荘園内の円滑な耕作を行い、更に有力者には荘官の職の体系に補任されることもあった。
- The former group belonged to the upper class which was in charge of the smooth operation of cultivation in shoen by recruiting sakunin and kobyakusho, and some of the influential figures in the group also became a shokan as a part of the managerial side of shoen.
- 21年の中断を経て、足利義教が1432に再開し、1550までに11次51隻(このうち、幕府所有船は7隻で、朝廷船1隻、残りは守護大名、寺社所有船であった)が渡航している。
- After twenty-one years of interruption, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA resumed the operation in 1432 and eleven fleets or fifty-one ships (seven ships were owned by the bakufu, one was owned by the Imperial Court and the rest were owned by the shugo-daimyo or temples/shrines) visited Ming until 1550.
- 城在番は加藤泰興になり、城在番中に出羽ノ守は風早郡・桑村郡のうちの大洲市領は飛び地のため、伊予国松山領の一部と替地を申し出、1636年(寛永13年)8月に幕府が公許した。
- Yasuoki KATO became the castellan of the castle, and while serving as the castellan, Kato, who also was the governor of Dewa province, Kato requested a kaechi (exchange of land) between scattered landholdings of Ozu domain in the Kazehaya and Kuwamura districts and a portion of the Iyo-Matsuyama territory, to which the bakufu granted official permission in the eighth month of 1636.
- 正中の変(しょうちゅうのへん)とは、鎌倉時代後期の1324年(正中 (元号)元年)に起きた、後醍醐天皇による鎌倉幕府討幕計画が事前に発覚して首謀者が処分された事件である。
- The 'Shochu Incident' occurred in 1324 (late Kamakura period), where a plan to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu by Emperor Godaigo was discovered beforehand and the main perpetrators were executed.
- おそらく北の方から入った弥平次殿と母衣衆の二人が、「首はうち捨てろ」とおっしゃるので従い、堂の下へ投げ入れ、(堂の)正面から入りましたが、広間にも一人も人がいないでした。
- Yaheiji (Mitsuhide AKECHI) and a member of the horo shu (elite courier guards), who had probably entered the premises of the temple from the north side, told us to discard the head, and so we followed his order and threw the head under the temple; we entered the temple from the front entrance, but could not see anyone in the main hall.
- このうち、冒頭の10項目と次の4項目は諸本揃っているものの、文体などが異なること、後者には漢詩以外の散文に関する記事が含まれていることから別個の著者がいたと考えられている。
- Although all books consists of the first ten items and the subsequent four items, the latter is considered to have been written by another person because its writing style is different from the former and it contains a description concerning prose.
- 並びの巻(ならびのまき)とは、平安時代の王朝文学に現れる現象で、複数巻にわたる作品のうち、ある巻を別の巻の「並びの巻」と呼ぶこと、またはそのように呼ばれる巻々のことを指す。
- Narabi no maki (parallel chapters) is a name for a chapter which is parallel to another chapter in a work consisting of several volumes, or the chapters themselves called as such.
- その結果によると、全三十巻のうち巻一・二の神代紀と巻二十八・二十九・三十の天武天皇・持統天皇紀の実録的な部分を除いた後の二十五巻は、大別して二つに分けられるといわれている。
- According to those researches, the 25 volumes, that is, the rest of the total 30 volumes from which Jindaiki (Records of the period of the gods) in the first and second volume and the authentic records of the section of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito in the 28th, 29th and 30th volumes are excluded, are roughly classified into the two categories.
- オランダ郵政当局が1985年に発行した「第二次世界大戦終結40周年」記念切手3種のうちの1種には、オランダ人が日本の皇居に向けて土下座している姿とともに軍票が描かれていた。
- One of three memorial stamps 'the 40th anniversary of the end of the WWII' issued by Dutch State Post Bureau in 1985 shows the picture of Dutch people kneeling down on the ground toward Japanese Imperial Palaceand and the military currency on it.
- (被告のうち1名は公判途中で死去)兇徒聚集罪は認められなかったが、当時現場にいなかった、首謀者とされる農民らに重い刑を科すという意味では、検察側の主張に沿った判決となった。
- None of the peasants were found guilty of mass rioting (one accused person died during the public court,) but it could be said that the sentence was given in line with the prosecution's claim because the peasants whom the prosecutions regarded as ringleaders were imposed on a heavy penalty, even though they were not at the incident site.
- 現在の宮内庁による区分では、天皇・皇族の墓のうち、天皇・皇后・太皇太后・皇太后のものを陵(みささぎ・りょう)、それ以外の皇太子や親王などの皇族のものを墓(はか・ぼ)と呼ぶ。
- With the current classification by Imperial Household Agency, graves for the emperor and the imperial family, such as the empress, the grand empress dowager, and the empress dowager are called mausoleums while those for others such as the crown prince and the imperial prince are known as graves.
- そしてこの偏りが絶対であったうちは中京以西の列島を二分する「銅鐸文化圏」と「銅矛文化圏」の存在によるものであると捉えられ、仮定としてではなく真剣に論じられていた時代があった。
- When this biased distribution was still predominant, the theory that the island from Chukyo to the west was divided into two parts, 'the dotaku cultural area' and 'the dohoko cultural area,' was not treated as a hypothesis and seriously discussed.
- 長禄元年(1457年)に赤松氏の遺臣が禁闕の変で後南朝に奪われた三種の神器のうちの神璽を奪還した事で足利義政時代の赤松政則(義雅の孫)のときに再興を果たしている(長禄の変)。
- In 1457, surviving retainers of the Akamatsu clan regained the sacred jewel, one of the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family, and thanks to this achievement, the clan could be restored in the generation of Masanori AKAMATSU (grandchild of Yoshimasa) in the age of Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA (the Choroku Incident).
- 直弼の首は遠藤邸に置かれていたが、所在をつきとめた彦根藩側が、闘死した藩士のうち年齢と体格が直弼に似た加田九郎太の首と偽ってもらい受け、藩邸で典医により胴体と縫い合わされた。
- Although Naosuke's head was kept at the ENDO residence, the Hikone clan which found out where his head was, having been deceived, took the head of Kurota KATA, who was chosen from feudal retainers dying on a battle field because he was a similar age and build to Naosuke, and sewed it to Naosuke's body, with the help of a doctor in the hantei (the residence maintained by a daimyo in Edo).
- 但し『校異源氏物語』の段階では比較校合に採用されなかった写本のうち、明融本(明融臨模本)のみは特にその重要性から『源氏物語大成』校異編においてはその異同を巻末に補記している。
- However, among the manuscripts which were not used for comparison and collation in making 'Koi Genji monogatari,' the text differences in Meiyu-bon (Meiyurinmo-bon) manuscript were supplementarily collected at the end of the book of comparison of 'Genji monogatari taisei' due to its special importance.
- 地方公共団体は、条例を定めて、重要文化財などの国が指定する文化財以外の文化財でその地方公共団体の区域内に存するもののうち重要なものを指定することができる(第182条第2項)。
- The local public entities may, by establishing regulations, designate important products that exist within the districts of the local entities, which are other than those products such as important cultural properties designated by the national government (Item 2, Article 182).
- これは皇位の証として伝わる三種の神器のうち、剣と璽を大行天皇(前天皇)から承継するもので、剣については宮中にある天叢雲剣の複製品を用い、神璽は本物とされる八尺瓊勾玉を用いる。
- This is the ceremony to succeed the Sword and Ji, which are two of three sacred treasures passed from generations as a state of the Imperial succession, from the late Emperor (the former Emperor), the replica of the sword, Ama no murakumo no tsurugi, and the sacred jewel which is presumed to be real, yasakani no magatama from the Imperial Palace were used at the ceremony.
- 備前藩では1月5日 (旧暦)(1月29日)までに2,000人の兵を出立させ、このうち家老・日置帯刀(へきたてわき)率いる500人(800人説もある)は大砲を伴って陸路を進んだ。
- The domain of Bizen sent 2,000 soldiers before January 29, and of all the soldiers, 500 (some theory insists that it was 800) led by Karo (chief retainer) Tatewaki HEKI advanced on the ground with a cannon.
- 1883年の統計によると、全士族約41.8万人のうち現職官公吏(軍人含む)もしくは府県議会の選挙権を持つ有権者(地租5円以上で非官公吏)の合算が全体の37.6%であったという。
- According to the statistics in 1883, only 37.6% of about 418,000 former warriors could become a government employee (including a military man) or an eligible voter who could vote for prefectural assemblies (person who could pay tax of more than 5 yen).
- 元禄5年(1692年)から享保7年(1722年)までの30年間に在任した幕府役職者のうち、大目付・町奉行・勘定奉行就任者の79%、大番頭就任者の29%が役料支給の対象となった。
- Of the bakufu officials who were in office during the thirty years from 1692 to 1722, 79% of ometsuke, machi bugyo and kanjo bugyo officials, and 29% of oban gashira officials received yakuryo payments.
- この時代の銅鏡の中には、中国大陸の年号が銘されている紀年鏡が13枚のうち12枚が含まれており、出土した古墳やその他の副葬品が製造された年代を推定するための参考資料とされている。
- Because twelve out of thirteen Kinen mirrors, which were with the name of an era of China, were included in bronze mirrors produced in this period, these mirrors were used as references to estimate the era when the excavated tumulus or other burial goods were produced.
- 帯方郡から女王國までの12,000里のうち、福岡県内に比定される伊都国までで既に10,500里使っていることから、残り1,500里では邪馬台国の位置は九州を出ないとされること。
- As it was 12,000 ri from Daifang Commandery to the queen's state and it was already 10,500 ri to the state of Ito, which is presumed to have been in Fukuoka Prefecture, the location of Yamatai is supposed not to have been outside Kyushu with just 1,500 ri to go.
- 古事記、日本書紀に従えば、古くは大王 (ヤマト王権)の妻妾を「キサキ」(后)と称し、そのうちで最高位にあるものを「オホキサキ」と呼び、単なる「キサキ」である他の妻妾と区別した。
- According to 'Kojiki' (The Records of Ancient Matters) and 'Nihon Shoki,' (Chronicles of Japan) wives and concubines of Okimi (Yamato sovereignty) were called 'Kisaki' out of which the one with the highest rank was distinguished from the rest of the wives and concubines that were simply called 'Kisaki', and was called 'Ohkisaki.'
- 出典のうち『江戸会雑誌』や勝海舟の『吹塵録』、『江戸旧事考』、『統計学雑誌』などは明治時代中ごろにまとめられた二次的史料であり、元となる江戸時代の史料が現在では不明となっている。
- Sources such as 'Edo-kai zasshi', 'Suijinroku' of Kaishu KATSU, 'Edo Kyujiko' and 'Tokeigaku zasshi' are secondary materials materials compiled in the mid-Meiji Period, and the primary documents on which these secondary sources are are based have not been accounted for.
- 彼は、幕府開設から元禄までの間、長崎貿易の決済のために、金貨国内通貨量のうちの4分の1、銀貨は4分の3が失われたとし、長崎奉行大岡清相からの意見書を参考にして、この法令を出した。
- He concluded that from the opening of the shogunate government in Edo to the Genroku era, a quarter of domestic gold currency and three quarters of domestic silver currency were lost due to the settlement of foreign trades in Nagasaki, and issued this regulation using the proposal of the Nagasaki magistrate Kiyosuke OOKA.
- しかし、弥生時代に入っても初めのうちは軽い鏃を使っていたが、紀元前1世紀から1世紀ごろの近畿地方から香川県にかけて形が大きく重さも重くなり、深く突き刺さる鏃が現れるようになった。
- Light weight arrowheads were used until beginning of the Yayoi period; however, the bigger and heavier arrowheads which could penetrate deeper started to be used in the Kinki region between the first century before Christ and the first century of the Christian era.
- そのうちに、西久米村の百姓らは、年来自分たちの山だと信じてきた山を徳山領と主張され、非を喜兵衛らのみに帰して、里右衛門に咎めがないのを不満とし、一揆にも及びかねない形勢となった。
- Over time, the situation in the Nishi-Kume-mura village became so serious that the farmers almost caused an uprising, because ownership of the mountain, which they had considered their own for generations, was claimed by the Tokuyama clan and they were frustrated since only Kihei had been blamed and no punishment had been given to Riuemon.
- 三都のうちの京・大坂が存在した畿内近国では、紀伊国(現・和歌山県及び三重県南部)や淡路国(現・兵庫県の淡路島全域)などを除いて、関東地方と同様に典型的な非領国地域の状態にあった。
- Provinces close to Kyoto, where, of the three capitals, Kyoto and Osaka were located, were in the state of a typical hi-ryogokuchiiki area (where the area was divided minutely, with each piece of area owned by a different person) as in the Kanto region, except Kii Province (present Wakayama Prefecture and the southern part of the Mie Prefecture) and Awaji Province (present entire area of the Awaji island in Hyogo Prefecture).
- この「あかずの箱」というものは、中身未確認のまま島津氏に奪われたが、この箱の中には、三種の神器のうち、壇ノ浦の戦いで海底に沈んだとされる宝剣が入っていたのではないかと考えられる。
- Although this 'secret box' was stolen by the Shimazu clan and it is not known what the box contained, it is considered that the box might have contained a sacred sword (one of the San-shu no jingi), which was otherwise believed to have been lost at sea during the Battle of Dannoura.
- ただし、古い氏族に由来する摂関家においても長く「氏的継承」と「嫡流継承」が混在し続ける事になり、ついに五摂家のうちの1つだけが嫡流の地位を占めるという事態は生じなかったのである。
- However, 'clan succession' and 'chakuryu succession' coexisted among the sekkan-ke originating from the old clan, preventing one family of the gosekke from monopolizing the position of chakuryu.
- 州知事・庁長、市尹(内地の市長に相当)は全て日本人であり、総督府に属する高等官1,444人(1943年時点)のうち、台湾人は30人以下にすぎず台湾人の警察人員は全て巡査以下だった。
- Prefectural governor, Director general and Shiin (which corresponds to the mayor of inland) were all Japanese, and out of 1,444 of senior officials belonged to the sotoku-fu (at the time of 1943) the Taiwanese were only less than 30, with other Taiwanese personnel being patrol officers or lower rank.
- このうち、巻五(個人蔵)、巻八(山口・毛利博物館蔵)、巻二十(高知県蔵)の3巻のみが巻物として完存し(3巻とも国宝)、巻一、二、三、九、十八、十九は断簡として各所に分蔵されている。
- Among the extant scrolls, only scrolls five (in a private collection), eight (held in Yamaguchi at the Mori Museum), and twenty (owned by Kochi Prefecture) are still complete in scroll form (all three are National Treasures), while scrolls one, two, three, nine, eighteen, and nineteen have been split up as dankan and scattered to various places.
- 南都焼討(なんとやきうち)は、治承4年12月28日 (旧暦)(1181年1月15日)に平清盛の命を受けた平重衡ら平氏軍が、東大寺・興福寺など奈良(南都)の仏教寺院を焼討にした事件。
- Nanto Yakiuchi is the incident that the Taira clan army led by TAIRA no Shigehira set fire to Buddhist temples in Nara (Nanto) such as Todai-ji Temple and Kofuku-ji Temple by the order of TAIRA no Kiyomori on January 15, 1181.
- そこで神亀2年(725年)に律令政府はこうした俘囚のうち、130名を伊予国に、578名を筑紫(九州)に、15名を和泉監に移すこととした(『続日本紀』神亀2年閏正月己丑条)のである。
- Accordingly, in 725, the government decided to move 130 such subjected barbarians to Iyo (Shikoku) and 578 to Chikushi (Kyushu) and 15 to Izumi (article on February 25, 725 in 'Shoku Nihongi' [Chronicle of Japan Continued]).
- 選択無形民俗文化財(せんたくむけいみんぞくぶんかざい)とは、重要無形民俗文化財以外の無形の民俗文化財のうち、記録、保存、公開に対して経費の一部を公費による補助を受けることができる。
- Selected intangible properties of folk culture refers to an intangible cultural property (except important intangible folk cultural properties), which is allowed to receive financial aid at public cost to cover a part of the expense to record, preserve, and exhibit.
- このうち、通しではない『義経千本櫻・忠信編』と新作の『ヤマトタケル』が色合いを異にしているが、猿之助は平成12年 (2000) にこの二作を次の二作と差し替えることを発表している。
- Of those plays, 'Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura, the story of Tadanobu' (which is not toshikyogen) and 'Yamato Takeru' (which is a new play) are different from the other plays, and Ennosuke announced that he would replace the said two plays with the following plays respectively in 2000.
- このうち「国替え説」は、唯一史料として変19日前の5月14日付けの丹波国人、土豪への軍役を課した織田信孝の軍令書が存在し、この人見家文書の花押の真偽を巡る学問的な論議となっている。
- With respect to the 'view that the cause of the incident was transference of the fief,' as only one historical material, there is Nobutaka ODA's military order dated May 14, nineteen days before the Incident, that imposed military service on local lords and powerful local clans in Tanba, and it became the subject of academic arguments whether or not kao (written seal mark) on this military order is genuine.
- 「貞観格」を継いで貞観_(日本)11年(869年)より延喜7年(907年)までの39年間の詔勅・太政官符のうち編纂当時に実際に行われていた重要なものを取捨選択して各省毎に配列した。
- Succeeding Jogankyaku, Engikyaku is a selected collection of particularly important volumes which had been in actual effect at the time of its compilation out of Jogankyaku, so chosen as to comprise imperial edicts and Daijokanbu (official documents issued by Daijokan, the Grand Council of State) during the 39 years from 869 until 907, while its contents were classified by ministry.
- 公地公民制(こうちこうみんせい)とは、日本の飛鳥時代~奈良時代までの律令制が構築される過程において発生したとされる、全ての土地と人民は公 - すなわち天皇に帰属するとした制度である。
- 'Kochi Komin sei' is a system believed to have been instituted in the process of development of the Ritsuryo system from the Asuka Period to the Nara period, and under the system of Kochi Komin sei, it was provided for that all land and citizens should belong to the public, in other words, to the emperor.
- 資格や実際に通過できる門は時期によって異なるが、摂関・親王・大臣・大僧正のうち既に輦車宣旨を受けている者が主たる対象者であり、対象者の身分や宮門そのものの構造によって決定されていた。
- The criteria and the actual gate that could be passed depended upon the period, but Sekkan, imperial princes, ministers, Daisojo (head priest) who already had Teguruma no senji (special permission from the Emperor to enter the imperial palace in a hand cart) were eligible and was decided upon by the person's position and the actual structure of the court gate.
- 軍役は広義には民衆に課せられる夫役のうちの兵役なども含まれるが、狭義には封建制度における「御恩と奉公」の関係において、知行地の安堵(御恩)と引き替えに主君に軍事的奉公を行うことである。
- In a broad sense, gunyaku meant conscription which included the labor service that was imposed on the people; but in a narrow sense, gunyaku referred to a retainer's offering of military service to the lord in exchange for recognition and guarantee of ownership of the fief (debt) in the relationship of 'debts and service' in the feudal system.
- 1886年8月には清の北洋艦隊のうち定遠など4隻の軍艦が長崎港に入港した際、上陸した水兵が日本の警官隊と衝突し、双方に死傷者を出す(死者日本側2名、清側8名)騒ぎ(長崎事件)となった。
- In August 1866, when four fleets including the Dingyuan of the Qing North Sea Fleet arrived in port in Nagasaki, sailors that landed entered into conflict with the Japanese police force, resulting in deaths on both sides (two deaths on the Japanese side and six deaths on the Qing side) (Nagasaki incident)
- 平安末期以降は、床の背中部分と上手のみを別々に皮で作って紐で結び、繋ぎ目部分から延び、長短二本の紐のうち、長い紐(懸緒)を逆側の留め具(受緒)に通して短い紐(待緒)と結ぶようになった。
- From the end of the Heian Period, the back section of the toko and uwate were made of leather separately and joined with strings, the longer kakeo (hanging cord) of the two strings was passed through the fastener (the ukeo, or catcher cord) on the opposite side and tied with the shorter one (machio cord).
- そこへ、数多く集めた兜のうちより義貞のものを見分けるために、かつて宮中に奉仕し、天皇より義貞に兜が下賜されるのを目にしたことのある、顔世御前(判官の奥方)が召され、見事に兜を見分ける。
- Because Kaoyo Gozen (the wife of Hangan) has seen the Emperor giving a helmet to Yoshisada while she was working at the Imperial palace, she is summoned in order to find Yoshisada's helmet out of many helmets, and she finds the helmet.
- その態度に立腹した弾四朗は、お菊が管理を委任されていた10枚揃えないと意味のない家宝の毒消しの皿のうちの一枚をわざと隠してお菊にその因縁を付け、とうとう責め殺して古井戸に死体を捨てた。
- Danshiro, offended at her attitude, hid one of the ten poison-neutralizing plates of the family treasure which were committed to Okiku's management and worthless unless all the plates were completely reserved, on purpose to blame her, and he finally strangled her to death and dumped her body in an old unused well.
- なお、この「日韓通信業務合同紀念切手」は、250万枚が製造され、そのうち100万枚が韓国および日本の植民地であった台湾と、清国(中国)国内にあった日本郵便局に納入されたという記録がある。
- A record tells that 2,500,000 '日韓通信業務合同紀念切手' (Commemorative postage stamp for Japan-Korea Joint Communication Service) were printed and 1,000,000 of them were delivered to Japanese post offices in Korea, Qing (China) and Taiwan, which was then a Japanese Colony.
- 皇后・皇太后・太皇太后の3つの身位の班列は、皇族身位令により、1.皇后、2.太皇太后、3.皇太后の順と定められ、諡号・追号には生前帯びていた身位のうち最高のものをつけることになっている。
- Due to the Kouzokushinirei, the Hanretsu (ministers without official announcement) of the three ranks: Empress, Empress Dowager, and Grand Empress Dowager, are ordered as 1. Empress 2. Grand Empress Dowager 3. Empress Dowager, and for a posthumous title, the highest rank she took during her lifetime is chosen.
- 後嵯峨は、膨大な王家領荘園群のうち、全国100ヶ所以上の荘園から構成される大荘園群長講堂領を後深草が相続できるようとりはからっていたが、それだけでは後深草の不満は収まらなかったのである。
- Amongst the extensive Imperial private estates, Gosaga had planned so that Gofukakusa could inherit the large Chokodo group of private estates consisting of over 100 estates around the country, but Gofukakusa was not satisfied.
- この時期、日本国外でスペイン人と出会った日本人のうち最も重要な人物は、自身キリスト教の洗礼を受け、1549年のフランシスコ・ザビエル(ナバラ王国出身)一行の来日を手引きしたヤジロウである。
- The most important person who met Spanish people outside of Japan at that period was Yajiro who was christened and helped Francis XAVIER (from the Kingdom of Navarrethe) and party visit Japan in 1549.
- 椀を伏せたような形をした国東半島には、両子山を中心として四方へと谷筋が走り、古代にはこの谷筋に沿って六郷と呼ばれる6つの集落が形成され、そのうち半島の西側にあたるこの地には田染郷があった。
- Channels radiate out from all directions of Mt. Futago on the upturned bowl-shaped Kunisaki Peninsula, and in ancient times settlements known as 'Rokugo' (lit. Six Townships) were formed along each of these channels, of which Tashibu Township was the settlement on the west of the peninsula.
- 7月4日 (旧暦)(8月19日)、山県の下に居合わせた鳥尾小弥太と野村靖(いずれも木戸派に相当する)が会話のうちにこの状況に対する危機感に駆られて山県に対して廃藩置県の即時断行を提議した。
- On August 19, Koyata TORIO and Yasushi NOMURA (both belonging to the Kido group), who were driven by a sense of crisis, proposed that Yamagata implement haihan-chiken immediately.
- 文部科学大臣は、前項の規定により指定された史跡名勝天然記念物のうち特に重要なものを特別史跡、特別名勝又は特別天然記念物(以下「特別史跡名勝天然記念物」と総称する。)に指定することができる。
- The Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology may designate among historic sites, places of scenic beauty and natural monuments designated pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, especially important ones as special historic sites or special places of scenic beauty or special natural monuments (hereinafter collectively referred to as 'Special Historical Sites, Special Places of Scenic Beauty and Special Natural Monuments').
- 大日本帝国憲法のもとでは、天皇の行為のうち「皇室ノ大事ヲ宣誥(せんこう)シ及大権ノ施行ニ関スル勅旨ヲ宣誥スルハ別段ノ形式ニ依(よ)ルモノヲ除クノ外詔書ヲ以(もつ)テス」るものと定めていた。
- Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, among the emperor's action, it was established as 'In order to convey the emperor's important affairs and intentions regarding prerogative enforcement, the imperial rescript shall be used, excluding other forms.'
- 唐に至って、歴史書を編纂する事業は国家の事業となり、『晋書』『梁書』『陳書』『周書』『隋書』などが次々と編纂され、これまでの紀伝体の史書のうち史記や漢書、三国志などとあわせて「正史」とした。
- But beginning in the era of the Tang dynasty, the task of compiling histories became an affair of the state; the Tang state proceeded to compile several histories one after another, including the 'Book of Jin', the 'Book of Liang', the 'Book of Zhou', and the 'Book of Sui', and pairing these new histories with a selection of histories in biographical annal format that had already been written such as the Shiji, the Book of Han, and the Annals of the Three Kingdoms, declared the combined set the official histories.
- 岸本由豆流は、のち、『土佐日記考証』(文化 (元号)12(1815年)年ごろか)をあらわし、諸抄を取捨選択、綿密な考証をこころみ、富士谷御杖は『土佐日記灯』をあらわして一大研究をうちたてた。
- Yuzuru KISHIMOTO later published 'A Study of the Tosa Diary' (around 1815), picking and choosing some abstracts and checking them very closely, while Mitsue FUJITANI wrote her major work, 'Study of the Tosa Diary.'
- 戦国期に京で権勢を誇った三好氏のうち、徳川家康に取り立てられた三好可正の系統は大和国の添下郡丹後庄(現・大和郡山市丹後庄町)及び山辺郡守目堂(現・天理市守目堂町)を所領として有した家である。
- Of the Miyoshi clan that was dominant in Kyoto in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), a family in the lineage of Kasho MIYOSHI, which had been picked by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, owned the territories of Tango no sho manor, Soejimo County, Yamato Province (present Tangonosho-cho, Yamato-Koriyama City) and Morimedo, Yamabe County (present Morimedo-cho, Tenri City).
- 神武天皇の死去後、父神武の正妻ヒメタタライスズヒメを妻にし、彼女と神武の間に生まれた3人の異母兄弟を殺そうと計画していたため、そのうちの神八井耳命と神渟名川耳尊(のちの綏靖天皇)に殺された。
- After Emperor Jinmu's death, he took his father's lawful wife, Princess Himetataraisuzu hime as his wife, and as he plotted the assassination of his three half brothers born between the Princess and Emperor Jinmu, he was killed in turn by the two of the three targeted half brothers, Kamuyaimimi no mikoto and Kamununakawamimi no mikoto (Emperor Suizei).
- 足尾町内1局の測定局のうち、1局が不適合で、都市内全測定局の値が不適合となったのは、測定局のある都市の中では、この年度、足尾町のみである(ただし当時の環境白書は、鉱毒被害とは明示していない)。
- Although Ashio-machi had one measurement facility, the concentration measured by the facility was above the pollution standard; and in the same year, Ashio-machi was only one town which all the concentrations measured by facilities of one town were above the standard (however, it is not specified in the environmental white paper of the year that it was a damage by mining pollution).
- 建武政権の政庁である二条富小路近くの二条河原(鴨川 (淀川水系)流域のうち、現在の京都市中京区二条大橋付近)に掲げられたとされる落書(政治や社会などを批判した文)で、写本として現代にも伝わる。
- Hand written copies (criticizing and satirizing politics and society) have been passed down through the years up until today, and it is said to have been displayed at the Nijo river beach near Nijo Tomikoji Street in the Kamogawa river basin (Yodogawa river system) (near the present day Nijo-Ohashi Bridge, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City) where the Kenmu regime's office was.
- 公武法制応勅十八箇条(こうぶおうちょくじゅうはっかじょう)とは、元和 (日本)元年(1615年)8月に徳川家康が、後水尾天皇の勅命を受けて御所の紫宸殿に掲げるために定めたとされている18ヶ条。
- Kobu-ochoku juhakka-jo was the name for eighteen articles which were said to be issued in September 1615 by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who received an imperial order from Emperor Gomizunoo to display in Shishin den inside the Imperial palace.
- 七殿は七間四面(母屋(もや)が東西七間・南北二間で四方に庇がある)、五舎は五間四面(身舎が東西五間・南北二間で四方に庇がある)で、このうち昭陽舎と淑景舎のみ、それぞれ五間二面の北舎が付属する。
- The Shichiden buildings had a shichiken shimen structure (the main building with the lengths of shichiken [approx. 12.73 m] in an east-west direction by niken [approx. 3.64 m] in a north-south direction, surrounded by eaves in all directions), and gosha buildings had a goken shimen structure (the main building of goken [approx. 9.09 m] in an east-west direction by niken in a north-south direction, surrounded by eaves in all directions), among which Shoyosha and Shigeisha are provided with a hokusha (north annex) of goken nimen structure.
- さらに大正9年(1920年)には「皇族ノ降下ニ関スル施行準則」が制定され、この準則が制定されてから旧皇室典範が廃止されるまで宮号を有しない又は継承しない王のうち、12人が華族に列せられている。
- Furthermore, in 1920 ' The general standard of effectuation in terms of Imperial family's descent' was established, after that, out of the Princes who did not have a Miya go title or those who were not succeeding the family, twelve joined the new nobility.
- これは怪談『四谷怪談』において、四谷の女性・お岩が伊右衛門に殺され、そのお岩の霊が提灯に乗り移って怪異を現すという、歌舞伎の演出でも見られる「提灯お岩(ちょうちんおいわ)」を描いたものである。
- These illustrate 'Lantern Oiwa'in the Kabuki production of 'Yotsuya Kaidan Ghost Story'in which a woman named Oiwa from Yotsuya is killed by Iemon, and her spirit attaches itself to a lantern and causes mysterious phenomena.
- 田沼意次時代の天明の大飢饉を乗り越え、低下した幕府の指導力を取り戻すために、儒学のうち農業と上下の秩序を重視した朱子学を正学とし、当時流行していた古文辞学や古学を「風俗を乱すもの」として禁じた。
- In order to regain leadership after going through the Tenmei Famine in times of Okitsugu TANUMA, the shogunate chose Neo-Confucianism out of Confucianism for the official learning, which put importance on the hierarchic order and agriculture; on the other hand, they banned Kobunjigaku, (study of ancient rhetoric) and the Kogaku (learning about ancient teachings), which were popular learning at that time for corrupting public morals.
- 日本は公使館警備用の軍を派遣して朝鮮国王を保護し、その後開化派が新政権を発足させ、朝鮮国王をトップとする立憲君主制国家をうちたてて、日本の助力のもとに近代国家への道を突き進む、というものだった。
- After Japan protected the king of Korea by sending the troops for guarding the legation, the Progressive Party was to form a new government, establish a constitutional monarchy with the king of Korea at the top, and rush toward a modern state with Japanese assistance.
- 公賢の死去は延文5年(正平15年/1360年)であること、実弟で猶子となった洞院実守が奥書に公賢「老後」の著書であると記していることから、貞和3年以降の13年間のうちに書かれたと推定されている。
- In view of the fact that Kinkata died in 1360 and his younger brother and adopted son Sanemori TOIN wrote in the book's postscript that the book was written after Kinkata's 'retirement,' it is presumed that the book was written during the period thirteen years after 1347.
- なお、当時の唐で採用されていた算経十書と呼ばれる教科書のうち、『張邱建算経』・『夏侯陽算経』・『五経算術』・『緝古算経』の4種が除かれて代わりに『六章』・『三開重差』・『九司』が採用されている。
- Furthermore, of the textbooks known as 'Sankei ten documents' which were adopted in the Tang Dynasty at that time, four types; 'Chokyukensankei,' 'Kakoyosankei,' 'Gokyosanjutsu,' and 'Shukosankei,' were excluded and 'Rokusho,' 'Sankaijusa' and 'Kyushi' were adopted instead.
- 王政復古によって設置された三職(総裁、議定、参与)のうち、実務を担う参与の一員となった由利公正、福岡孝悌、木戸孝允らは、公議政体論の尊重と開国和親を基調とした新政府の基本方針を5ヶ条にまとめた。
- After Osei Fukko, three official positions (President, Legislators, and Councilors) were newly established, and some Councilors such as Kosei YURI, Takachika FUKUOKA and Takayoshi KIDO itemized a basic policy of the new government, based on esteem for parliamentary regime and opening of the country, into five articles.
- 隆房卿艶詞絵巻に描かれているように、鎌倉時代以前より高貴な身分の女性が外出する際には、頭の上から身体をすっぽりと覆う被衣(かづき)と呼ばれる袿(うちぎ)あるいは薄い衣を、袖を通さずに被っていた。
- As depicted in the Takafusa Kyo Tsuyakotoba Emaki (an illustrated scroll featuring the love affair of Takafusa REIZEI), prior to the Kamakura period, women of noble ranking would wear uchigi (ordinary kimono) or thin garment called Kazuki, which fully covered their body from the head down, without putting their arms into the sleeves when going out.
- 行政の要請に基づき組織化され、事業している場合、行政の観光政策の一環を担っているという使命感のあるうちはいいが、それが変質し、行政施策に「協力してやっている」という意識に変質していく恐れがある。
- Where volunteer groups are organized and operated based on the demands of administrative bodies, there are few problems as long as there is a sense of duty as being part of a tourism policy but there is a fear that this can change to an attitude of merely cooperating with the tourism policy.
- この平定戦での動員兵力5万のうち戦死者は日本軍164人であるが、マラリア等による病死者は近衛師団長北白川宮能久親王はじめ4642人にのぼり、中国側兵士、住民およそ1万4千人の死者を出して終了した。
- This war to conquer Taiwa ended leaving 164Japanese war deaths and 4,642 deaths, including Imperial Prince Kitashirakawanomiya Yoshihisa, caused by diseases like malaria, out of 50,000 solders in motion, while about 14,000 Chinese solders and local people died.
- このうち三条西実隆が入手して子孫に伝えた梅沢本(40巻17帖)は、鎌倉時代中期までに書写された現存最古の完本として昭和10年(1935年)に旧国宝、昭和30年(1955年)には新国宝に指定された。
- Among them, the Umezawa manuscript (40 chapters, 17 books), which Sanetaka SANJONISHI obtained and gave his descendants, was designated as a former National Treasure in 1935 and as a present National Treasure in 1955, as the oldest complete manuscript copied by hand before the mid-Kamakura period.
- このうち曽於乃石城は国分城 (大隅国)と清水城、比売之城は姫木城と橘木城であったと考えられているが、他の5城については国分平野付近に集中していたとする説と九州南部に広く分散していたとする説がある。
- It is presumed that Soonoiwaki meant Kokubu-jo Castle (Osumi Province) and Shimizu-jo Castle and Himenoki meant Himeki-jo Castle and Tachibanaki-jo Castle, while there are conflicting theories concerning other five castles: one claiming that the castles were concentrated near the Kokubu Plain and the other claiming that they were widely dispersed in southern Kyushu.
- しかし、その跡継ぎ聖武天皇には安積親王薨去後はついに男子の跡継ぎが生まれず、一族藤原氏と他氏貴族との権力闘争などもあいまって、崩御後20年も経たないうちに天武皇統は事実上断絶してしまう事となった。
- Her son, the Emperor Shomu, however, failed to produce single male heir after the Prince Asaka died, which, coupled with power struggle between the Fujiwara family and other noble families, practically led to the extinction of the lineage of the Emperor Tenmu, less than 20 years from the emperor's demise.
- しかし、1085年(応徳2年)に実仁が亡くなると、白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させるという手段に出た。
- However, Emperor Shirakawa ignored his father's will when Sanehito died in 1085, he formally installed his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito as the Crown Prince in the next year, and within the day, Shirakawa declared to give the throne to Emperor Horikawa.
- 後朱雀天皇の御世、当時の関白である藤原頼通は、父道長に続いて外戚の地位を得るべく苦心したが徒労に終わり、そうこうしているうちに天皇は病を得て第一皇子で東宮であった親仁親王に譲位する(後冷泉天皇)。
- During the Emperor Gosuzaku's reign, FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, Kanpaku at that time, made every effort to obtain a position of maternal relative in the wake of his father, Michinaga, but such effort came to nothing; then, while all of this was going on, the Emperor got sick, and passed the throne on to Imperial Prince Chikahito who was his first son and the Crown Prince (Emperor Goreizei).
- そのうちでも公使館周辺区域の警察権を列国に引き渡したり、海岸から北京までの諸拠点に列国の駐兵権を認めるといったものは、清朝領域内でその国権が否定され、列国が統治する地域が生ずるものに他ならなかった。
- Among all, giving away police powers in areas nearby legations to the Powers and allowing the Powers to station their troops in various places from the coast to Beijing and so on meant no other than the denial of Qin rights in its territory and appearances of districts under the rule of the Powers.
- それまで京都で大政奉還後の政治的処理を行っていた14代藩主徳川慶勝が帰国し、その日のうちに弾圧の命令が出ていることから、何らかの密命を朝廷より下されたと思われるが、真相はいまだにはっきりしていない。
- The fourteenth shogun Yoshikatsu TOKUGAWA returned from Kyoto after political treatments of the Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) and on the day the order of crackdown was issued, which suggests that a sort of secret order was issued from the Imperial Court but the truth is not clear even now.
- 曾我兄弟の仇討ち(そがきょうだいのあだうち)は、建久4年5月28日 (旧暦)(1193年6月28日)、源頼朝が行った富士の巻狩りの際に、曾我祐成と曾我時致の兄弟が父親の仇である工藤祐経を討った事件。
- The Soga brothers' Revenge refers to an incident where two brothers, Sukenari SOGA and Tokimune SOGA, took vengeance on their father's enemy, Suketsune KUDO, on July 5, 1193 at the time of Fuji no Makigari (Hunting session at Mt. Fuji) conducted by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
- 建久7年(1196年)、東大寺の俊乗坊重源は、大輪田泊の修築事業の中絶とその後の泊の損壊状況を嘆き、山陽道・南海道・西海道の諸国および荘園からこの港を経て運ばれる運上米のうち1石あたり1升を徴収した。
- In 1196 Shunjobo Chogen in Todai-ji Temple deplored the derailment of reconstruction work for Owada no tomari and the latter damaged situation and collected one sho (of rice) per one koku of rice tax carried through this port from each province and shoen (manor in medieval Japan) in Sanyodo Road, Nankaido Road and Saikaido Road.
- また当代重視方針を取り、藤原定家・藤原俊成・西行・藤原為家ら中世初期の著名歌人も50首以上採られているが、入集を果たした180人のうち、113人は勅撰集初出で、中でも女流の占める比重が過半数と大きい。
- It also took a policy of placing emphasis on contemporary works, so although famous medieval poets like FUJIWARA no Teika, FUJIWARA no Shunzei, Saigyo, and FUJIWARA no Tameie had over fifty poems included, among the 180 poets in the collection, 113 appeared for the first time, over half of which were women, a rather large number for the time.
- これに対し、東京帝大教授の一木喜徳郎は、統治権は法人たる国家に帰属するとした国家法人説に基づき、天皇は国家の諸機関のうち最高の地位を占めるものと規定する天皇機関説を唱え、天皇の神格的超越性を否定した。
- On the other hand, based on the state authority theory in which sovereignty resides with the state as a public authority, Kitokuro ICHIKI, a professor of Tokyo Imperial University, proclaimed the Emperor Organ Theory in which the emperor was defined as the highest position in state authorities and the emperor's divine superiority was denied.
- 黄表紙『妖怪仕内評判記』(ばけものしうちひょうばんき)にも野槌が登場するが、こちらは伝説・伝承と異なり、のっぺらぼうのように目鼻のない人型の化け物で、頭の上の大きな口で物を食べる姿として描かれている。
- In a kibyoshi (illustrated book of popular fiction in the Edo period) 'Bakemono Shiuchi Hyobanki' (Reputations of Various Ghosts), Nozuchi is also found; however, unlike the legend and folklores, Nozuchi depicted in the book is a monster in the shape of a man with no eyes and no nose like Nopperabo (a monster), and it eats food using its big mouth on the top of its head.
- オランダで1832年(天保3年)に刊行されたシーボルト著の「江戸参府紀行」によれば鯨は水揚げされたあと、鯨肉など食用にされる部分は各々の魚商が買い上げ新鮮なうちに、日本中の港に運ばれたと記述している。
- 'Edo Sanpu Kiko' written by Siebold and published in 1832 in the Netherlands includes the following description: After whales were captured, their eatable parts were bought by fish-mongers, and were carried to various ports in Japan while the meat was still fresh.
- 「大王」「男弟王」などの記述がある本鏡が作成された癸未年の解釈をめぐっては、383年、443年、503年、623年などの説があるが、このうち443年(允恭天皇)、503年(武烈天皇)が有力な説とされる。
- There are theories regarding the interpretation of the year of the Yin Water Sheep, in which the mirror with descriptions of 'okimi' and 'oto no kimi' was made, such as it was the year 383, 443, 503, or 623, but among these, the strongest theory is that it was the year 443 (Emperor Ingyo) or 503 (Emperor Buretsu).
- 2004年の文化財保護法改正によって民俗文化財の登録制度が発足し、国または地方公共団体の指定を受けていない有形民俗文化財のうち、保存と活用が特に必要なものを登録有形民俗文化財として登録することになった。
- When the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties was revised in 2004, a registration system for folk-cultural properties was introduced, enabling tangible folk-cultural properties that require special preservation and utilization among those not designated by the Government or the local public bodies as such to be registered as registered tangible cultural properties.
- 白無垢(しろむく)・色打掛(いろうちかけ)のどちらに対しても用いることができるが、最近では白無垢には綿帽子(わたぼうし)と呼ばれる頭部の数倍の大きさの楕円状の帽子を、色打掛には角隠しを用いることが多い。
- Although Tsunokakushi can be used for both Shiromuku (pure white kimono) and Irouchikake (gorgeously patterned kimono), Wataboshi, an oval-shaped hat several times larger than the head, is generally used for Shiromuku, and Tsunokakushi is used for Irouchikake these days.
- 北越戦争により旧幕府軍が敗退すると、流域の村々は新政府側に分水工事着工の嘆願書を提出し、1869年(明治2年)にようやく着工が認められたが、総工費80万両のうち60万両が地元負担という厳しいものとなった。
- After the army of former Edo bakufu was defeated in Hokuetsu War, the watershed villagers submitted a petition for the commencement of the diversion construction to new Meiji government, and the plan was finally approved in 1869 on the stringent condition that 600,000-ryo out of the total construction cost 800,000-ryo be paid by the local communities.
- 結果的に、そのレーションの不備と輸送能力・インフラ整備の問題(輸送中に一万石の挽割麦の大半が変敗したという記録がある)等により、陸軍は約25万人の脚気患者を出し、うち約2万7,800人が病死したとされる。
- Approximately 27,800 of 250,000 army beriberi patients are said to have died due to improper rationing, and logistics and infrastructure problems (Records reveal that most of the 10,000 koku [approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield] of barley groats spoiled in transit).
- 記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の文化財(第77条):文化庁長官は、重要無形文化財以外の無形文化財のうち特に必要のあるものを選択して、その記録を作成し、保存し、または公開するための措置を講ずることができる。
- Intangible cultural properties requiring measures such as creation of records (Article 77): The Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may take measures for creation of records, preservation and publication of items which he selects among intangible cultural properties as particularly requiring such measures, other than those designated as important intangible cultural properties.
- 大河内氏(おおこうちし)は、清和源氏、摂津源氏の一族で、源頼政の孫、顕綱(あきつな)が三河国額田郡大河内郷(愛知県岡崎市大平町字大河内・注、異説あり。洞町等)に移り住み、大河内氏を称したことを始まりとする。
- The Okochi clan is part of the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) and Settsu-Genji (Minamoto clan), and is said to have been established when Akitsuna, the grandson of MINAMOTO no Yorimasa, moved to Okochi-go, Nukata County in Mikawa Province (which some have asserted to be the present-day Aza-Okochi, Ohira-cho, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture) and called himself Okochi.
- 源氏物語古系図(げんじものがたりこけいず)とは、『源氏物語』の登場人物を実在の人物と同様に系図の形式で書き表した源氏物語系図(げんじものがたりけいず)のうち、三条西実隆が整えたとされるもの以前のものをいう。
- Among the genealogies of The Tale of Genji, in which characters in 'The Tale of Genji' were systematically written in the form of genealogy as if they were the real people, Genji monogatari kokeizu (old genealogies on the Tale of Genji) refers to the ones that were made before the genealogy produced by Sanetaka SANJONISHI.
- 兵力的には劣る朝倉・浅井両軍であったが、浅井側先鋒磯野員昌率いる浅井家精鋭部隊が織田方先鋒坂井政尚、続いて池田恒興、豊臣秀吉、柴田勝家の陣を次々に突破し13段の備えのうち実に11段までを打ち破る猛攻を見せた。
- Although Asakura and Azai troops were understrength, Azai's elite troops led by its top Kazumasa ISONO broke through those of Oda's top Masahisa SAKAI, Tsuneoki IKEDA, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Katsuie SHIBATA one after another, and in fact, they launched fierce attacks to knock down eleven out of thirteen layers of military reserves.
- 「本所」とは複数ある職のうち、荘園内において荘務すなわち、司法・行政・警察活動を行う権限を有して法的支配を行使した者を指す(領家・本家の別称としての「本所」という語も存在するが、本来の意味での使用ではない)。
- Among a variety of shiki, 'Honjo' exercised legal control over Shoen with the authority to carry out Shomu (management and control of encouragement of agriculture, taxes and so on in Shoen) or judicial, administrative and police activities (The word, 'Honjo' is also used when referring to Ryoke and Honke, but it is not the original meaning of the word.).
- 『大鏡』は天智・天武の継承では大友皇子の即位に触れないが、別のところで「大友皇子はやがて帝になり、帝のまま失せた」と記す、また「この皇子は太政大臣の位で、つぎにはやがて同じ年のうちにみかどとなった」とも書く。
- 'Okagami' (the Great Mirror) did not state the enthronement of Prince Otomo in the section of the succession of Tenchi and Tenmu, but says that 'Prince Otomo became an emperor and died as an emperor,' and 'this prince held the post of Grand Minister and became the emperor in the same year.'
- 条約励行建議案に対抗するために衆議院解散が行われた同年12月29日、突如集会及政社法の対象となる政治団体の指定を受け、その日のうちに大日本協会は度重なる外国人襲撃事件を理由として解散を命じられることになった。
- On December 29 of the same year, when the House of Representatives was dissolved in opposition of the proposal to rigorously enforce the treaties, the Dai Nihon Kyokai was suddenly designated as a political organization to which the Assembly and Political Association laws applied, and on the same day it was ordered to disband with the attacks on foreigners cited as the reason for the order.
- 地方公共団体では、それぞれ文化財保護条例を定めて、国が指定する無形文化財以外の無形文化財のうち、その地方公共団体にとって重要なものを「都道府県指定無形文化財」、「市町村指定無形文化財」などの形で指定している。
- Each local public body institutes regulations for protection of cultural properties to select intangible cultural properties important for the body, other than important intangible cultural properties designated by the national government, and designates such properties as 'Intangible Cultural Properties Designated by Prefecture' or 'Intangible Cultural Properties Designated by Municipality.'
- 文化および工業都市・京は平安京以来の都であり、応仁の乱によって大打撃を受けたものの、依然として朝廷や仏教の有力宗派のうちのいくつかの本山などが設置され、学術・芸術・宗教の面では当時の日本を代表する都市であった。
- Kyoto, currently known as the cultural and industrial center, had been the national capital since the period of Heian-kyo with the Imperial Court and the headquarters of a numerous leading Buddhist sects, despite the serious setbacks suffered in the Onin War, and it was the city representing Japan as the center of the academic activities, arts and religion at that time,
- 後世に残されたもののうち、三条西家所蔵本には『小右記』、伏見宮家所蔵本には『野府記』という書名が付けられており、近世以後の写本・刊本はそのいずれかの系統に依拠するところが大きかったために、両方の書名が並存した。
- There are two main versions of this diary that have survived for posterity, the one in the Sanjonishi family library (entitled 'Ouki'), and the one in the Fushiminomiya family library (entitled 'Yafuki'), and as most manuscripts and printings of this diary in recent years rely on one or the other of these two versions, both titles continue to co-exist.
- その編纂年代については、貞観14年12月13日に決定された荷前山陵の改定が反映されていることから、貞観15年(873年)以後、同19年(877年、この年に「元慶」と改元される)のうちに編纂されたと考えられている。
- It is considered that Jogan gishiki was compiled between 873 to 877 (the fifteenth to the nineteenth year of the Jogan era (the name of era was revised to Gangyo era during this year)) because the revision of Nosaki sanryo decided on January 18, 873 was reflected on its content.
- 加藤内閣は陸軍4個師団の廃止や予算一億円の削減、有爵議員のうち、伯・子・男の数を150名に減らすなどの貴族院改革、幣原喜重郎の幣原外交によるソビエト連邦との国交樹立、普通選挙法の制定など、多くの改革が行なわれた。
- The KATO cabinet embarked on a wide range of reforms that included; the elimination of four army divisions and thereby the cut in the military budget by 100 million yen, the House of Peers reform involving the reduction of the count, viscount and baron members, among titled members, to 150, the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union based on the so-called Shidehara diplomacy by Kijuro SHIDEHARA, the enactment of the Universal Manhood Suffrage Law.
- 家制度(いえせいど)とは、に制定された民法(以降、旧民法という)において採用された家族制度であり、親族関係のある者のうち更に狭い範囲の者を、戸主と家族として一つの家に属させ、戸主に家の統率権限を与えていた制度である。
- Ie seido was a family system, which was introduced to the Civil Codes established in 1898 (hereunder referred as Old Civil Codes), under the system, a small group consisting of relatives and living in a house is considered as a family and a family has a family head who was given an authority to lead a family.
- その後は、四兄弟のうち宇合の息子藤原広嗣が740年に乱を起こし討伐された(藤原広嗣の乱)こともあり、孝謙天皇朝に武智麻呂の子藤原豊成次いで藤原仲麻呂が台頭するまで、藤原氏の高位官僚の不在時代がしばらく続くことになる。
- FUJIWARA no Hirotsugu, the son of Umakai was subdued in the Rebellion of FUJIWARA no Hirotsugu in 740; thereafter a period of absence of high rank officials from Fujiwara clan continued for a certain time until FUJIWARA no Toyonari and FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, the sons of Muchimaro, gained power in the Emperor Koken's era.
- 日本酒アルコール添加を採用している製法の場合は、酵母が自然に分解能力を出し切って衰滅するまえに、人為的にアルコールを外部から添加して酵母を死滅させてしまうので、完全醗酵しないうちに醗酵作用は止まり、不完全醗酵となる。
- In case of adding alcohol in producing sake, before the yeast cells have consumed their decomposing capability and died away, they are likely to be killed by externally added alcohol, and so the fermentation activity stops before completion, resulting in the incomplete fermentation.
- 内親王の作ははやく散逸してしまったらしく、ある時期まで残っていた三つの百首歌(うちひとつは正治百首)を後人がまとめ、さらに勅撰集にあって右の三百首のなかに見られない作六十首余を拾って成ったのが『式子内親王集』である。
- The poems made by the Princess seemed to have been scattered and lost earlier, three of the hundred poem collection (one of them was Shoji Hyakushu) were edited by the people in later years, and more than sixty poems selected that were not included in above three hundred poems, to edit 'The collected poems of Imperial Princess Shokushi.'
- 水野は、古事記で没した年の干支が記載されている天皇は、神武天皇から推古天皇までの33代の天皇のうち、半数に満たない15代であることに注目し、その他の18代は実在しなかった(創作された架空の天皇である)可能性を指摘した。
- In the Kojiki, Mizuno focusing on that the Oriental zodiac signs of the year that emperor died were written for 15 emperors, short of half among the 33 emperors from Emperor Jinmu to Empress Suiko, pointed out the 18 rest emperors might not exist (fictional emperors).
- 彼らは地頭と呼ばれ、知行として与えられた土地(知行地)を知行所(ちぎょうしょ)もしくは給所(きゅうしょ)と呼んだ(なお、幕府御家人の場合は格上である旗本の知行地である給所と区別する意味で給地(きゅうち)と呼称させた)。
- They were called jito (manager and lord of manor), and the given territory (chigyo) was called chigyosho or kyusho (in the bakufu, the given territory belonging to gokenin was specifically called kyuchi in order to distinguish it from chigyochi, the given territory belonging to hatamoto who are higher- ranked retainers)
- 大和野菜(やまとやさい)とは、現在の奈良県(旧大和国)で生産されている野菜のうち、奈良県が「大和野菜」と認定したもので、在来種である「大和の伝統野菜」17品目と栽培等に工夫を加えた「大和のこだわり野菜」4品目からなる。
- 'Yamato-yasai' collectively refers to locally produced vegetables that have been recognized by the Nara Prefectural governament (old Yamato Province), consisting of 17 types of local produce called 'Yamato no dento yasai' (traditional vegetables of Yamato) and four types called 'Yamato no Kodawari yasai' (particular vegetables of Yamato) which are grown with particular technique.
- その後、画数が少なく書きやすい字に淘汰されていったことや、甲類・乙類の混合で音の数が少なくなったことにより、平安時代後期には約300字に字母が減少した(このうち各人が使用する字母は100字から200字ぐらいであった)。
- After that, Chinese characters that required a small number of strokes, allowing easier writing, remained and, mixed use of ko-class characters and otsu-class characters reduced the number of such characters to around 300 (with around 100 to 200 such characters used by each person) in the late Heian period.
- 「幼かりしその昔は、父もなく、母もなく、比叡山で僧正(法性坊)の教えをうけ、『風月の窓に月を招き、蛍を集め夏虫の心のうちも明らかに、筆の林も枝茂り、言葉の泉も尽きもせず』勉強した」という思い出が能地謡によって謡われる。
- It is sung by the noh background singing the memory that 'when I was a child, I had no father and no mother but I received the teaching of the priest (Hossho-bo) in Mt. Hiei and I studied 'inviting the moon to the window of the beauties of the nature, collecting fireflies, knowing clearly the minds of the summer insects, with the woods of writing brushes having many branches, and without depletion of the fountain of words''.
- 亀山は失意のうちに正応2年に出家(41歳)し、翌正応3年に霜月騒動で所領を失った武士浅原為頼らが内裏に乱入し伏見を殺害しようとする事件が起きると関与を疑われ、起請文を幕府に提出して身の潔白を主張しなければならなかった。
- Kameyama was disappointed and became a priest in 1289 (aged 41), and was accused of being involved in an incident where bushi Tameyori ASAHARA and others who lost their territory during the Shimotsuki Incident, invaded the Imperial Palace and tried to assassinate Fushimi, and had to submit an appeal to the bakufu to clear his name in 1290.
- 河内源氏は鎌倉幕府樹立の過程で治承の戦いの際に恩賞などの形で獲得した旧伊勢平氏知行国のうち9ヶ国(下総国・上総国・武蔵国・相模国・伊豆国・越後国・信濃国・駿河国・豊後国)及び没官領となった500ヶ所以上の荘園を獲得した。
- The Kawachi Genji received nine provinces (Shimousa Province, Kazusa Province, Musashi Province, Sagami Province, Izu Province, Echigo Province, Shinano Province, Suruga Province, Bungo Province) among those that had been the Ise Heishi's chigyokoku, and 500 or more shoen, that had been mokkan ryo (confiscated lands) -- All of them were received as rewards in the Jisho no ran (Jisho civil war, 1180) in the process of establishing the Kamakura bakufu (military government of Kamakura).
- 貞観年間までに文章博士2名、文章生20名(うち文章得業生2名)、擬文章生20名(文章生の予備生)という構成となり、それでも学問が成就して文章博士になれば貴族に達するために志願者数が絶えず、そのために試験制度が導入された。
- Until the end of the Jogan era, the establishment was settled in two monjo hakase, 20 monjosho (including 2 monjo tokugosho) and 20 gimonjosho (the monjosho reserve); however, as people would be ranked as nobles when becoming monjo hakase with distinguished achievements in the study, the position was endlessly sought after, resulting in the introduction of an examination system.
- 地方公共団体では、それぞれ文化財保護条例を定めて、有形文化財(重要文化財に指定されたものを除く)のうち、その地方公共団体にとって重要なものを「○○都道府県指定有形文化財」、「市町村指定有形文化財」などの形で指定している。
- Each of the local public entities establishes Regulation for the Protection of Cultural Properties, and designates those products that are important to the local public entities among the tangible cultural properties (excluding properties which are designated as important cultural property) in the form of 'a tangible cultural asset designated by xx prefecture', 'a tangible cultural asset designated by municipalities' and so on.
- しかし、錦絵新聞同様の平易な文章と内容に、錦絵より作成に時間のかからない単色ずりの挿絵を組み合わせた小新聞(こしんぶん)が発行されるようになると、これに押されて錦絵新聞は誕生から10年もたたないうちにほとんど姿を消した。
- However, when ko-shinbun (small newspaper) began to be issued which combined therein simple texts and contents same as those of nishiki-e-shinbun, and illustrations printed in one color which needed less time to print than nishiki-e prints, nishiki-e-shinbun was overwhelmed by the ko-shinbun and most of nishiki-e-shinbun newspapers disappeared less than ten years after their appearance.
- 奪われた神器のうち、剣は清水寺で発見されるが、神爾は持ち去られたままであり、15年後の1457年(長禄元年)には、嘉吉の乱で没落した赤松氏の遺臣が長禄の変での奮闘により神爾を奪い返し、翌年には神爾は北朝の手に戻っている。
- Among the Three Sacred Treasures that were stolen, the sword was discovered at Kiyomizu-dera Temple, but the shinji were not found until 15 years later in 1457, when remaining followers of the Akamatsu clan, who had become impoverished during the Kakitsu Incident, recovered the shinji after a great battle during the Choroku Incident, and they were returned to the Northern Court the next year.
- 同乗していたポルトガル人(「牟良叔舎」、「喜利志多佗孟太」)が火縄銃を所持しており、鉄砲の実演を行い種子島島主である種子島恵時・種子島時尭親子がそのうち2挺を購入して研究を重ね、刀鍛冶の八板金兵衛に命じて複製を研究させる。
- Two Portuguese onboard (probably Francisco Zeimot and Antonio da Motta) had matchlock guns and gave a demonstration for Masatoki TANEGASHIMA and his son Tokitaka TANEGASHIMA, who purchased two of them and ordered Kinbei YAITA, a swordsmith, to investigate and replicate them.
- 1890年の帝国議会開設に備えて貴族院議員の選出が行われたが、このうち子爵出身者であった山内豊誠・加納久宜・堀田正養らが政策研究と懇親を兼ねた団体として同年の9月22日に子爵議員を中心として立ち上げた政務研究会を源流とする。
- Prior to the establishment of the Imperial Diet in 1890, members of the House of Peers were elected, among which, members selected from viscounts including Toyoshige YAMAUCHI, Hisayoshi KANO, Masayasu HOTTA formed a group named Seimukenkyukai, which was mainly composed of viscount councilors, to study political affairs and to promote mutual friendship on September 22, 1890, and that was the origin of Kenkyukai.
- 当時仏教受容の先頭を切ったのは蘇我稲目であり、百済の聖王が日本の朝廷の伝えてきた金銅釈迦像・経典若干卷のうちの仏像を小墾田(おはりだ)の家に安置し、さらに向原(むくはら)の家を清めて向原寺(こうげんじ)とした(『日本書紀』)。
- According to the 'Nihonshoki' (Chronicles of Japan), the introduction of Buddhism into Japan was spearheaded by SOGA no Iname, who enshrined a gilt bronze statue of Shakyamuni that had been presented, together with some sutras, to the Imperial court by King Seong of Baekje, in his house at Oharida and purified his house in Mukuhara, converting it into Kogen-ji Temple.
- 720年(養老4) に、臨時に官戸11人が良民に官奴婢10人が官戸にされたことがあるが、740年(天平 12) の「浜名郡輸租帳」では良民の戸を官戸と称しており、賤民としての官戸は8世紀前半のうちに実態がなくなったと思われる。
- A special case occurred in the year 720 when 11 kanko were made ryonin and 10 kunuhi were made kanko but in 'Hamana-gun Yosocho' of 740, the status of ryomin is referred to as kanko, leading to the belief that the status of kanko among the senmin class ceased to exist in the first part of the 8th century.
- 1868年、政体書公布に伴い、維新後の徳川幕府の直轄地に置かれていた裁判所 (地方制度)を廃止し、そのうち城代・京都所司代・奉行の支配地を府、それ以外を県として、府に知府事、県に知県事を置いたが、藩は従来どおり大名が支配した。
- In 1868, the Constitution of 1868 was issued, which abolished courts of law (local system) set up in regions formerly under the direct management of the Tokugawa Shogunate after the Meiji Restoration, denominated regions formerly governed by Jodai (chamberlain), Kyoto Shoshidai (Kyoto deputy), and bugyo (magistrate) as 'fu' and the rest of the regions as 'ken,' assigned Chifuji 'prefectural governor) to 'fu' and Chikenji (prefectural governor) to 'ken,' and allowed han (domains) to be governed by daimyo as before the Meiji Restoration.
- 重要無形民俗文化財以外の無形の民俗文化財のうち特に必要のあるものを文化庁長官が「記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財」(通称選択無形民俗文化財)として選択し、地方公共団体の行う調査事業や記録作成の事業に助成を行っている。
- When especially necessary, the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs selects folk-cultural properties among those other than important intangible folk-cultural properties as 'intangible folk-cultural properties for which records should be prepared' (commonly-called selected intangible folk-cultural properties), and supports researches and recording conducted by local public bodies.
- ・楽譜:山内盛彬(やまうち せいひん 1890-1986)が、1912年に古老が口で歌った旋律を聞き取って採譜した楽譜(五線譜)の中に、御座楽の曲が3種類ほどあり、山内の『琉球王朝古謡秘曲の研究』(1964)に収録されている。
- - Sheet Music: Seihin YAMAUCHI (1890 - 1986) transcribed melodies in 1912 that were sung to him by elderly people into sheet music (Western 5 stave format), and amongst these transcriptions there are at least 3 styles of Uzagaku compiled into Yamauchi's 'Research into Ancient Chants & Secret Pieces of the Ryukyu Kingdom (Ryukyu-ocho Koyo Hikyoku no kenkyu)' of 1964.
- ところが、日本側が一旦帰国した森山からの報告を受けた後に、大阪会議や佐賀の乱への対応で朝鮮問題が後回しにされて「九月協定」への了承を先延ばしにしているうちに、朝鮮では大院君側が巻き返しが図られて再び攘夷論が巻き起こったのである。
- However, after Japanese side received a report from Moriyama who was coming back to home country for the time being, and while responding to the Osaka conference and the Saga War the Korea problem was left behind and postponed the approval for the 'September Agreement', and Daewongun regained his strength, and the principle of excluding foreigners arose again in Korea.
- 江戸小伝馬町の牢獄に入獄した人物の囚人の名と犯罪事情を記して町奉行が保管していた「牢帳」のうち、明暦3年(1657年)から元禄12年(1699年)の分より裁判の参考となる974例を事件のケースごとに231の類型に分けて採録した。
- From the records of 'Rocho' (prison records) of which machi-bugyo (town magistrates) stored the name and crime situation of each inmate of the prison located in Kodenma-cho, Edo, 974 cases reported between 1657 and 1699 were extracted and classified into 231 types of crime so as to provide a reference for future trials.
- 内法(うちのり)は縦横ともに曲尺4寸9分(約14.8センチメートル)四方、深さ2寸7分(約8.1センチメートル)、すなわち容積64827立方分をもって1升としたものである(ただし、厳密にはこれは「新京枡」と呼ばれるものである)。
- Inside, a kyo-masu measures four sun and nine bu (about 14.8 centimeters) in both length and width, and two sun and seven bu (about 8.1 centimeters) in depth, which makes one sho, that is, 64,827 cubic bu; technically, however, these are the measurements of a 'shin Kyo-masu' (new Kyo-masu).
- 現代日本語の50音のうち、イ段のキ・ヒ・ミ、エ段のケ・へ・メ、オ段のコ・ソ・ト・ノ・(モ)・ヨ・ロ及びエの14音について奈良時代以前の上代には甲類と乙類の万葉仮名の書き分けが見られ、両者は厳格に区別されていたことがわかっている。
- It is known that among the 50-character syllabary used today, 14 sounds were written in two types of Manyo-gana, namely A-type and B-type, in ancient Japan before the Nara period, and this distinction of the types was strictly maintained; these 14 sounds were 'キ, ヒ, ミ' (ki, hi, mi) with the vowel of イ (i), 'ケ, へ, メ' (ke, he, me) with the vowel of エ (e), 'コ, ソ, ト, ノ, (モ), ヨ, ロ' (ko, so, to, no, [mo], yo, ro) with the vowel of オ (o), and the vowel 'エ' (e).
- 太閤記や佐久間軍記などでは、和議の時点ですでに毛利氏は本能寺の変の発生を知っていたとして描かれており、小早川隆景が「信長に代わって天下を治めるのは秀吉であるから、今のうちに恩を売るべきである」として和議を支持する進言をしている。
- In Taikoki and Sakuma Gunki, it is described that the Mori clan already knew about the occurrence of Honnoji Incident at the time of negotiations for peace, and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA proposed 'Because Hideyoshi will govern the country after Nobunaga, we should put Hideyoshi under an obligation at this stage.' supporting negotiations for peace.
- いわゆる「一目ぼれ」(訳も判らず一見で気に入ってしまうこと)や「癪に障る」(苛立たしいと感じる・怒りのうち抑圧 (心理学)され継続的なもの)など、当事者には説明しがたい感情に支配された結果、相性が良い/悪いとみなされる場合もある。
- The so-called 'love at first sight' (when one is attracted to someone without even knowing him/her) or 'getting under one's skin' (the emotion of frustration and anger that is suppressed (psychology) and continual) are the situations which are controlled by emotions inexplicable to the one experiencing it, and as a result of which causes one to feel that he/she has a good/bad aisho with the given person.
- 次に、西行は、易姓革命を唱えた『孟子』が日本に伝わらなかったこと、『詩経』「小雅」の一篇「兄弟牆(うち)に鬩(せめ)ぐとも外の侮りを禦(ふせ)げよ」という一節を説き、ついに院の、私怨がゆえである、との本音を引き出すことに成功する。
- Then, Saigyo points out that 'The Book of Mencius,' which advocated Ekisei Revolution, wasn't introduced to Japan, and cites a passage from 'Shoga (aristocracy)' in 'Sikyo' (Chinese Poetry Book), Brothers conflict in house, but prevent downgrading outward,' succeeding in getting the truth out of In that it was from personal spite.
- 輸租帳(ゆそちょう)とは、律令政府が国司の政務実績を調査するために毎年1年間に実際に収納した田租・地子に関する正確な数値を書き上げさせた上で、国司が都に派遣する四度使のうち調帳を提出する貢調使に携帯をさせて民部省に提出させた帳簿。
- Yusocho refers to an account book recording accurate figures of Denso (rice field tax) and Jishi (land taxes under the Ritsuryo system) actually collected in one year in order for the Ritsuryo government (ancient Japanese government of centralized governance) to survey the actual performance of government affairs by Kokushi (provincial governor), which was always carried by Kochoshi, one of Shidoshi dispatched to the capital by Kokushi, in charge of submitting Chocho (list of choyo (tribute and labor) and was submitted by Minbusho (the Ministry of Popular Affairs) by order of the government.
- 大宝律令では『九章算術』・『六章』・『綴術』の基本の3書のうち1つから3問、それ以外の6書から各1問ずつの計9問を出題して6つ正解すれば及第としたが、3問出題される基本書からの出題を間違えた場合には他の8問が正解でも不合格とされた。
- In the Taiho Code, a total of nine questions were delivered, three from one of the three basic documents ('Kyushosanjutsu,' 'Rokusho' and 'Tenjutsu'), and one from each of the other six documents; students passed if they answered six correctly, but failed if they gave wrong answers to any of the three questions drawn from the basic documents, even if they had answered the other eight correctly.
- また、戦闘の証拠とされる上記のような事例のうち、武器の切っ先が棺内から出土する例、頭部がない人骨、あるいは人骨に残る受傷例などは、前期後半~中期前半の北部九州地域、特に福岡県小郡市を中心とした地域に多く認められることが特徴的である。
- Among the above described evidence of battles, cases with a tip of a weapon in the coffin, human bones without a head and bone trauma are often found from the latter half of the early period to the first half of middle period in the northern Kyushu region, especially in regions around Ogori City, Fukuoka Prefecture.
- この例には、千葉県の旭市に対して愛知県の尾張旭市、新潟県の旧高田市(現在は上越市の一部)に対して岩手県の陸前高田市、奈良県の大和高田市、広島県の安芸高田市、大分県の豊後高田市などがある(このうち、安芸高田は高田市が消滅して以後の改称。
- Such examples include Owariasahi City in Aichi Prefecture against Asahi City in Chiba Prefecture, Rikuzentakada City in Iwate Prefecture, Yamatotakada City in Nara Prefecture, Akitakada City in Hiroshima Prefecture, and Bungotakada City in Oita Prefecture against old Takada City in Niigata Prefecture (now a part of Joetsu City); of these cities Akitakada City made its name change after Takada City became a thing of the past.
- 環境税のうち特に炭素税については、二酸化炭素排出に対して直接課税を行う手法により、それまでの外部費用を内部化し、つまり従来は環境汚染に対する外部性ために市場経済の中で環境負荷が考慮されなかった市場の失敗を補正する役割を担うものである。
- As for a carbon tax in particular, among environmental taxes, conventionally external expenses are internalized by the method of direct taxation against the emissions of carbon dioxide, that is, it has a role of correcting the failure of a market, where an environmental burden is not considered so far in a market economy because of the externality against environmental pollutions.
- その2子のうち1子が「月向津彦月弓命亦ノ名須佐之男命」すなわちツクヨミ(『古事記』では月読命、『日本書紀』では月弓尊)であり、スサノオ(『日本書紀』では素盞嗚尊・素戔嗚尊、『古事記』では建速須佐之男命・須佐乃袁尊)の別名とされている。
- One of his two children was 月向津彦月弓命 otherwise known as Susanoo no mikoto, in other words, Tsukuyomi (Tsukuyomi no mikoto in 'Kojiki' and Tsukuyumi no mikoto in 'Nihonshoki') and it is said to be another name of Susanoo (Susanoo no mikoto, written as 素盞嗚尊 or 素戔嗚尊 in 'Nihonshoki' and 建速須佐之男命 or 須佐乃袁尊 in 'Kojiki').
- また、当時(1886年)の北海道全域の人口は26万5千人に過ぎず、うち半数以上にあたる15万1千人が松前藩時代以来の集住地域である函館県に集中し、逆に極寒の未開拓地が大半を占める根室県はわずか1万7千人という不均衡の問題が生じていた。
- Furthermore, while the population of the whole area of Hokkaido was only two hundred sixty-five thousand in 1886 and more than half of the population (one hundred fifty-one thousand) concentrated in Hakodate Prefecture where people had lived in groups since the age of the Matsumae Domain, and Nemeuro Prefecture which consisted mostly of extremely cold undeveloped land had a population of only seventeen thousand, and this posed a problem of an imbalance.
- 日本軍に大きく後れを取った李氏朝鮮であったが、釜山を基点として支配領域を広げていた日本軍後方部隊のうち、海岸移動を行っていた船団に対して李舜臣率いる朝鮮水軍が4月と5月の二回の出撃で積極的に攻撃を加え、備えのない日本船団は被害を受けた。
- Although Yi Dynasty Korea had been beaten by the Japanese army, the Korean navy headed by Yi Sun-sin attacked, twice in May and June, actively fleet of ships that had been moving along the coast among troops at the rear of the Japanese army that had been expanding the area under its control based at Busan, and the Japanese fleet of ships that had not prepared for the damages suffered.
- 神武天皇の即位を紀元前660年に当たる辛酉(かのととり、しんゆう)の年を起点として紀年を立てている理由は、中国から伝えられた讖緯説を採用したためという学説が、明治に那珂通世(なかみちよ)によりうちたてられ、学界で広く受け入れられている。
- In the Meiji period, Michiyo NAKA established a theory that the enthronement of Emperor Jinmu was defined in the kanototori year which corresponded to 660 B.C. because shinisetsu was introduced from China and adopted in Japan, which has been accepted in academic world.
- 以降、長きにわたって伊能図(特に大図)は「失われた地図」となり、千葉県佐原市(現在は香取市)の伊能忠敬記念館に保管されていた写しの一部など、全214枚のうち約60枚の写しのほかは、東京国立博物館が所蔵する中図の写しが残るのみとなっていた。
- Ino map (especially large maps) had been long treated as a 'Lost Map' since then, and only copies of the medium-sized maps possessed by Tokyo National Museum remained except the copies of about 60 sheets of the total 214 sheets, including a part of the copies kept by The Ino Tadataka Museum in Sawara City (today's Katori City), Chiba Prefecture.
- 当時、後継候補者として伏見宮貞敬親王・閑院宮美仁親王と美仁の弟・祐宮師仁親王の3人がいたが、先帝の遺児・欣子内親王を新帝の妃にするという構想から既婚の美仁親王が候補から消え、残り2人のうち近衛内前は貞敬親王を九条尚実は師仁親王を推薦した。
- At that time, there were three candidates for succession to the Imperial Throne—Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayoshi, Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Haruhito and Haruhito's younger brother, Imperial Prince Sachinomiya Morohito—but since it was decided that the former Emperor's daughter, Princess Yoshiko, would become the Empress, Prince Haruhito was ruled out as a candidate because he was already married; consequently, Uchisaki NOKOE recommended Prince Sadayoshi and Naozane KUJO recommended Prince Morohito out of the two remaining candidates.
- しかし大坂冬の陣では豊臣氏に与していたため、豊臣氏滅亡後に徳川氏に釈明する意思を表すために、有楽斎は3万石の所領のうち、1万石を自分の隠居料に、残りの1万石ずつをそれぞれ四男の織田長政 (大名)と五男の織田尚長に分与して相続させたのである。
- However, because he took part in the camp of the Toyotomi clan in the Winter Siege of Osaka, Yurakusai (another name of Nagamasu ODA as a master of tea ceremony) tried to express his intention to apologize to Tokugawa clan by dividing his territory of 30,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) into 10,000 koku for his own retirement, 10,000 koku for the fourth son Nagamasa ODA (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) and the remaining 10,000 koku for the fifth son, Naonaga ODA after Toyotomi clan's fall.
- 城主大名(じょうしゅだいみょう)とは、近世江戸時代における大名の格式の一つであり、大名家をその居地・居城で区別する国主(国持大名) - 準国主 - 城主 - 城主格 - 無城(陣屋)の5階級のうち、国許の屋敷に城が認められている大名をいう。
- Joshu daimyo (daimyo who is allowed to live in a castle) is a social status in the early-modern times of the Edo period, and refers to a daimyo, who was allowed to have a castle as his residence in his kunimoto (hometown), among Daimyo families (feudal lord families) classified according to their resident provinces and resident castles into five ranks: kokushu (landed daimyos), jun (associate) kokushu, joshu (lord of a castle), joshukaku (joshu class), mujo (without a castle) (jinya [regional government office]).
- やがて、元和 (日本)元年(1615年)、大和国式上郡・山辺郡・摂津国嶋下郡のうちから1万石を四男織田長政 (大名)(戒重藩)に、同年、式上・山辺2郡の内から1万石を五男織田尚長(柳本藩)にそれぞれ分与し、残余の1万石は自分の養老領とした。
- Later, he gave the territory of 10,000 koku in Shikijo County and Yamabe County of Yamato Province and Shimashimo County of Settsu Province away to his fourth son Nagamasa ODA (daimyo) (Kaiju Domain) and another 10,000 koku territory in Shikijo and Yamabe County to his fifth son Naonaga ODA (Yanagimoto Domain) in the same year, saving the remaining 10,000 koku terriotory for his old age.
- かれはドイツ帝国に留学したが、ドイツには「文化記念物」(クルトゥール・デンクマール de:Kulturdenkmal)と「自然記念物」(ナトゥール・デンクマール de:Naturdenkmal)の分類があり、このうちの後者の概念を輸入した。
- He studied in the German Empire, which had categories of 'de: Kulturdenkmal' (Cultural Monument) and 'de: Naturdenkmal' (Natural Monument), and he took in the concept of the latter category.
- 重要無形民俗文化財(じゅうようむけいみんぞくぶんかざい)は、衣食住、生業、信仰、年中行事などに関する風俗慣習、民俗芸能、民俗技術など、人々が日常生活の中で生み出し継承してきた無形の民俗文化財のうち、特に重要なものとして国が指定したものである。
- Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property refers to intangible folk culture which people have created in their daily lives and passed on to subsequent generations, such as manners and customs, folk performing arts, occupations, religious faiths, folk techniques related to clothing, food and housing, and festivals, and which have been designated as especially important by the national government.
- これを受けて幕府の法制度が整備された慶長20年(1615年)以後、寛保3年(1743年)までの129年間に出された御条目・高札・御触書のうち3550通を主題ごとに分類・整理を行った上で、延享元年(1744年)11月に完成、翌年一部が校訂された。
- In response to this, 3,550 articles of ojomoku (itemized codes), takafuda (notices on boards), and ofuregaki issued over the 129 years from 1615, when the law system of the bakufu was established, to 1743, were sorted and catalogued by subject to be complied in December 1744, and revised partially in the following year.
- 伺方のうちでいくつかの職掌に分かれており、天領の小物成・高掛物などを扱う「中之間掛」、幕府関連寺社の修造などを扱う「神宝方」、幕府領の山林を管理する「御林方」、征夷大将軍の鷹狩・鹿狩関連の事務を行う「御鷹方」、運上・冥加・分一を扱う「運上方」。
- Ukagaikata included the following jobs: 'nakanoma-gakari' for handling the various taxes in the direct territories of the shogun, 'Shinpo-gata' for handling repairs to bakufu-related shrines and temples, 'Ohayashi-kata' for managing mountains and forests in bakufu territories, 'Otaka-kata' for supervising the falconry of Seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') and clerical work related to the falconry, 'Unjo-kata' for handling Unjo (business-related taxes), Myoga (tax for the use of a mountain, river, lake or sea) and Buichi (various miscellaneous taxes).
- たとえば、大原美術館所蔵品のうち、エル・グレコ『受胎告知』をはじめ、ジャン=フランソワ・ミレー、ギュスターヴ・モロー、ピエール・ピュヴィス・ド・シャヴァンヌ(2点)、カミーユ・ピサロを含む6点の西洋絵画が1934年、重要美術品に認定されている。
- For example, six European paintings in the collection of Ohara Museum of Art including 'Annunciation' of El Greco and the works of Jean-Francois Millet, Gustave Moreau, Pierre-Cécile Puvis de Chavannes (2 pieces) and Camille Pissarro were accredited as the important art objects in 1934.
- 重要伝統的建造物群保存地区(じゅうようでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく)は、日本の文化財保護法第144条に基づき、市町村が条例等により決定した「伝統的建造物群保存地区」のうち、特に価値が高いものとして国(文部科学大臣)が選定したものを指す。
- The preservation districts for groups of important historic buildings refer to 'Historic Buildings Preservation Areas' ordained by local authorities under Article 144 of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties of Japan, of which the state (Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) selects those which are especially important.
- 偽書とされる神道五部書のうち『倭姫命世紀』、『神祇譜伝図記』ではニニギは31万8543年、ホオリは63万7892年、ウガヤフキアエズは83万6042年の治世とされ、計は179万2477年となる。)が経ったが、未だに西辺にあり、全土を王化していない。
- (in 'Yamato hime no mikoto seiki' and 'Jingi fuden zuki' of Shinto Gobusho (Five Books of Shinto) which are considered to be forged ones, it is believed that Ninigi reigned 318,543 years, Hoori reigned 637,892 years, and Ugaya Fukiaezu reigned 835,042 years, then these came to a total of 1,792,477 years), however, we are still in the west, so we have not governed the whole land.
- また、「豊後国風土記」にも、五馬山の五馬姫(いつまひめ)、禰宜野の打猴(うちさる)・頸猴(うなさる)・八田(やた)・國摩侶、網磯野(あみしの)の小竹鹿奥(しのかおさ)・小竹鹿臣(しのかおみ)、鼠の磐窟(いわや)の青・白などの多数の土蜘蛛が登場する。
- And 'Bungo no kuni fudoki' (the topography of Bungo Province) describes many tsuchigumo, such as 'Itsumahime' on Mt. Itsuma; 'Uchisaru,' 'Unasaru,' 'Yata' and 'Kunimaro,' all of which were in Negino; 'Shinokaosa' and 'Shinokaomi,' both of which were in Amishino; and 'Ao' and 'Shiro,' both of which were in 'Nezumi no Iwaya.'
- 親王の子女のうち、長女源隆姫(関白藤原頼通の正室)と三女せん子女王(関白藤原教通の正室)は子に恵まれず、次女敦康親王妃も一人娘藤原嫄子(頼通養女、後朱雀天皇中宮)が内親王二人しか残さなかったが、嫡男源師房の子孫は村上源氏として院政期に勢力を拡大した。
- Among children of the Imperial Prince, his eldest daughter, MINAMOTO no Takahime (a legal wife of the chancellor, FUJIWARA no Yorimichi), and his third daughter, Princess Senshi (a legal wife of the chancellor, FUJIWARA no Norimichi), were less fortunate not to have any children, and for his second daughter, Princess of Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, her only daughter, FUJIWARA no Genshi (Yorimichi's step daughter, later Emperor Gosuzaku), left two imperial princesses, but the offspring of his eldest son, MINAMOTO no Morofusa, extended his influence as Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) during the period of the cloistered government.
- 平氏一門のうち宗盛、清宗、それに平家と行動をともにしていた平時忠(二位ノ尼の弟)、平時実、平信基、藤原尹明といった廷臣、能円、全真、良弘、忠快、行命といった僧侶、平盛国、平盛澄、源季貞らの武将、大納言典侍、帥典侍、治部卿局らの女房が捕虜となっている。
- Of the Taira clan those taken prisoner included Munemori and Kiyomune; the courtiers TAIRA no Tokitada (Tokiko's younger brother), TAIRA no Tokizane, TAIRA no Nobumoto, and FUJIWARA no Tadaaki, who had acted in support of the main Taira clan; the Buddhist priests Noen, Zenshin, Ryoko, Chukai, and Gyomei; the military commanders TAIRA no Morikuni, TAIRA no Morizumi, and MINAMOTO no Suesada; and among the women, FUJIWARA no Sukeko (known as the Lady-in-Waiting to the Chief Councillor of State (Dainagon)), FUJIWARA no Muneko (the Lady-in-Waiting to the governor), and the Lady-in-Waiting to the Lord of the Office of Governance.
- そのうち鎌倉、室町、徳川の各武家権力は、武力により政権を樹立し、源頼朝が確立したが、形式上朝廷から任ぜられる形で征夷大将軍の位に付く事で幕府を開き、封建制とも呼ばれる分権的な統治を行い、地方領主として地域の実効支配権を持つ武士の連合政権の形をとった。
- Of all administrations in the military government, each samurai authority of Kamakura, Muromachi, and Tokugawa were set up by force and could be traced back to the establishment by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo; he started the bakufu by arriving in power of seii taishogun (literally, 'great general who subdues the barbarians') in the form of being entrusted by the Imperial Court, achieved decentralized governance, called a 'feudal system,' and adopted a form of coalition government of samurai who held sway over their region as a local feudal lord.
- 現在、これらを前身として存続している銀行のうち、国立銀行時代のナンバーを引き継いでいないところのほとんどは、1930年代から1940年代前半の政府の施策として、銀行の1県1行主義に伴う戦時統合により、新たな法人として設立されているところが多くみられる。
- Currently, many of the surviving banks which used to be the National Banks but did not take over the numbers at the time were established as new legal entities by the integration in wartime according to the principle of one bank per one prefecture under the government measures of 1930 to early 1940.
- 文化人類学者の佐々木は縄文土器編年区分のうち草創期を旧石器時代から新石器時代への移行期として縄文Ⅰ期、土器編年の縄文早期を縄文文化が完成に向かう時期として縄文Ⅱ期、土器編年の縄文前期から晩期までを完成した縄文文化が保持された時期として縄文Ⅲ期に分類した。
- Sasaki, a scholar of the cultural anthropology, classified the incipient period of the periodization based on the Jomon earthenware sequence as the first Jomon period which was the transitional period between the Paleolithic period and the Neolithic period, the earlier period as the second Jomon period which was the period when the Jomon culture progressed toward maturity, and from the early period to the last period as the third Jomon period which was the period when the matured Jomon culture was maintained.
- 台湾の日本統治時代(にっぽんとうちじだい)は、日清戦争の敗戦に伴い清朝が台湾を大日本帝国に割譲した1895年(明治28年)4月17日から、第二次世界大戦後の1945年(昭和1945年)10月25日、中華民国統治下に置かれるまでの植民地支配の約50年間を指す。
- The period of Japanese rule of Taiwan refers to approximately fifty years during which time Taiwan was governed by Japan as colony from April 17, 1895 when the Qing dynasty ceded Taiwan to Imperial Japan due to the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War to October 25, 1945 when Taiwan was put under the rule of the Republic of China.
- 文化庁長官は、重要無形文化財以外の無形文化財のうち特に必要のあるものを選択して、自らその記録を作成し、保存し、又は公開することができるものとし、国は、適当な者に対し、当該無形文化財の公開又はその記録の作成、保存若しくは公開に要する経費の一部を補助することができる。
- The chief of the Agency for the Cultural Affairs may select an especially necessary property out of intangible cultural properties except important intangible cultural properties, and may create, preserve or disclose its record by himself; The government may subsidize a part of the expense related to the disclosure of such intangible cultural property, or the creation, preservation or disclosure of its record to the appropriate person.
- 松本隆海は、『足尾鉱毒惨状画報』(1901年)で、安蘇郡界村字高山(現佐野市高山町、当時の人口約800人)で、5年間で兵役合格者がわずか2名しか出ておらず(適齢者は延べ50名)、しかも、その合格者のうち1名も入隊後10日で病気で除隊となったという逸話を紹介している。
- In 'Ashio Kodoku Sanjo Gaho' (Reports and Pictures of Ashio Mining Pollution) (1901), Ryukai MATSUMOTO revealed the horrifying fact that in five years there had been only two men who had passed the medical for the draft (there were fifty people who met the age for the draft) in Takayama of Sakai Village, Aso County (present Takayama-cho, Sano City, population of approximately 800 at that time), and out of those two that passed, one was subsequently discharged on medical grounds after only ten days.
- 院政を敷いた後嵯峨上皇が、自分の皇子のうち後深草天皇の子孫ではなく弟の亀山天皇の子孫が皇位を継承するよう遺言して崩御したために、後深草と亀山の間で対立が起こり、鎌倉幕府により、両者の子孫の間でほぼ十年をめどに交互に皇位を継承(両統迭立)し、院政を行うよう裁定された。
- The retired Emperor Go-Saga, who started a cloister government, left a will stating that among the imperial princes, the younger brother Emperor Kameyama's descendant should succeed to the Imperial Throne instead of Emperor Go-Fukakusa's descendant, thus causing a mutual conflict; it was therefore decided by the Kamakura shougunate to share the Imperial Throne between ancestors from both sides on the basis of a ten-year rotation (Ryoto Teiritsu) and to continue running the cloister government.
- 保元元年(1156年)7月2日の鳥羽の死去ごろから後白河側は、崇徳と鳥羽との末期の対面を拒否し、検非違使を召集して京中を警備させ崇徳に対する警戒の念をあからさまにしてみせ、鳥羽の初七日を崇徳の臨幸もないうちに実施するなどして、崇徳への露骨な挑発と追い込みを行い始めた。
- Around July 2, 1156, before Emperor Toba died, Goshirakawa prevented Sutoku and Toba from meeting by having Kebiishi, a political and judicial chief, patrol the palace; Emperor Toba's memorial day, seven days after his death, was organized by the Goshirakawa force before Sutoku had a chance to visit the palace, given that he was obviously wary of Sutoku.
- 保延3年(1137年)から建長4年(1252年)までの期間において大臣に補任された66名のうち、57名の似絵(肖像画)が描かれている(脱落している9名は花山院家忠・中御門宗忠・三条実房・花山院兼雅・高野兼房・中山忠親・九条良経・大炊御門頼実・近衛家実と言われている)。
- It contains nise-e (Kamakura-period realistic portraitures of courtiers and warriors painted in the Yamato-e style) of 57 of 66 ministers appointed between 1137 and 1252 (the nine missing ministers are said to be Ietada KAZANIN, Munetada NAKAMIKADO, Sanefusa SANJO, Kanemasa KAZANIN, Kanefusa TAKANO, Tadachika NAKAYAMA, Yoshitsune KUJO, Yorizane OINOMIKADO and Iezane KONOE.)
- 唐田令では、官人永業田および賜田は無制限に売買・貼賃(ちようちん)(質入れあるいは賃貸のこと)の自由を有し、庶人の永業田は特別の場合には売買を許され、口分田(くぶんでん)は原則としては売買を禁じ、例外的にこれを許し、諸田地の貼賃なども、原則的に禁止されるにとどまった。
- Under toden law, kanjin-eigyo-den (hereditary field of officials) and farmland given by the Emperor, could be bought, sold, pledged, or rented without any limits, selling and buying of hereditary fields of commoners were permitted under special circumstances, selling and buying rights for farmland equally given to common people was forbidden in principle and allowed only in exceptional circumstances, and pledging or renting of various farmlands was forbidden in principle.
- その後、届出額の半数以上が天保年間以前の債務に由来するまたは幕府債務として無効を宣言されて総額で3486万円(うち、新公債1282万円、旧公債1122万円、少額債務などを理由に現金支払等で処理されたものが1082万円)が新政府の名によって返済されることになった(藩債処分)。
- Thereafter, more than half of the above amount was declared void as the debts made before the Tempo era or the debts of bakufu, and the total amount of 34.86 million yen (shin-kosai: 12.82 million yen, kyu-kosai : 11.22 million yen, small amount debts that were repaid in cash: 10.82 million yen) were repaid by the new government (hansai-shobun (the policy on the disposition of the debts of feudal domains)).
- 国宝(こくほう、英語:National treasures)とは日本の文化財保護法によって国が指定した有形文化財(重要文化財)のうち、世界文化の見地から価値の高いものでたぐいない国民の宝たるものであるとして国(文部科学省)が指定したものである(文化財保護法第27条第2項)。
- The term 'national treasures' ('kokuho' in Japanese) refers to those buildings, artworks or other items, among the larger group designated tangible cultural assets (important cultural properties) by Japan's Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties (according to the second item listed under article 27 of the law), that possess great cultural worth from the viewpoint of world culture, as well as those buildings, artworks or other items, considered peerless treasures by Japan's citizens, that are designated as such by the state (specifically, by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology).
- 田口掬汀は、海老瀬村の鉱毒被害者向けの診療所の医師に聞いた話として、忙しくて統計はとっていないが、ひと月に2300名を越える患者を診断し、うち半数が眼病であったが、これは地質が及ぼす結果だろうとこの医師は推測していることを佐藤儀助編『亡国の縮図』(1902年)で紹介している。
- In 'Bokoku no Shukuzu' (The Epitome of the Perishing Nation) (1902) compiled by Gisuke SATO, Kikutei TAGUCHI refered to a doctor's story; the doctor had been working at a clinic for the victims of the mining pollution in Ebise Village, and although he had not taken statistics because he was very busy, he treated over 2,300 patients in a month and a half of them suffered from eye diseases, and he estimated they were caused by some qualities of the lands.
- そのほか天寿国繍帳(てんじゅこくしゅうちょう)の「斯帰斯麻宮治天下天皇」(欽明)があり、そして『懐風藻』序文で持統天皇以後についてのみ天皇表記が用いられていることを根拠に、皇后の表記とともに飛鳥浄御原令(あすかきよみがはらりょう)において規定され、使用されるようになったという説である。
- Another theory holds that, based on the fact that there is the 'Shikishimamiya amenoshitashiroshimesu tenno' (Emperor Kinmei) in the Tenjukoku-shucho (the oldest needlework painting in Japan, a national treasure), and in the preface of 'Kaifuso' (Fond Recollections of Poetry) the notation of tenno is used for the emperors after Emperor Jito only, the notation of tenno along with the kogo (empress) was regulated with the Asuka Kiyomihara Code and started to be used since then.
- また、白壁王の擁立については藤原氏一族は一致していたものの、その次の天皇については早い段階で白壁王の子供のうち、他戸王を推す藤原永手ら藤原北家と桓武天皇(後の桓武天皇)を推す藤原百川ら藤原式家との間で意見の対立があり、他戸皇太子の廃位も政権の主体が北家から式家に移った直後に発生している。
- In addition, although the Fujiwara clans had all agreed on the enthronement of the Prince Shirakabe, there was a confrontation from an early stage regarding the next emperor, between the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan including FUJIWARA no Nagate who recommended Prince Osabe among children of Prince Shirakabe, and the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan including FUJIWARA no Momokawa who recommended Emperor Kanmu (later Emperor Kanmu); also the dethronement of the Imperial Prince Osabe took place right after the political power shifted from the Northern House to the Ceremonial House.
- 一連の接収作業において担当した引継委員長による「韓国事務引継顛末概要」によれば、韓国通信院の通信事業に従事していた職員(官吏および現場労働者)の1044人のうち773人が日本の郵政当局に引継採用されたが、残りの271人は辞令拒否者もしくは接収を反対して抵抗したとして解雇されているという。
- According to '韓国事務引継顛末概要' (Summary of Korean communication business takeover) written by a transition chairman in charge of the takeover process, Japanese postal authority continued to employ 773 out of 1044 staffs (government officials and frontline workers) of 通信院 (Communication Institute) who had worked for communication services, but other 271 staffs either rejected the appointment or were fired for allegedly resisting against takeover.
- 現行の文化財保護法では文化財のいくつかの種類のうち、「有形文化財」(建造物や絵画・彫刻など)と「記念物」についてだけは、「重要文化財」や「史跡」「名勝」「天然記念物」に指定された物件のなかで特に重要なものをそれぞれ「国宝」あるいは「特別史跡」「特別名勝」「特別天然記念物」に指定している。
- According to the current Act on Protection of Cultural Properties, only in the categories of cultural properties of 'tangible cultural properties' (such as buildings, paintings, and sculptures) and 'Monuments,' especially important items among those designated as 'Important Cultural Properties,' 'Historic Sites,' 'Places of Scenic Beauty' and 'Natural Monuments' are designated as 'National Treasures,' 'Special Historic Sites,' 'Special Places of Scenic Beauty' or 'Special Natural Monuments.'
- しかし西欧列強の海外進出と共に、キリスト教的価値観を共有しない諸国家との関係を探るうち、「文明国」という国際法的な意味での国家概念を捻出し、キリスト教的か否かよりも「文明国」か否かが国家承認の要件と見なされるようになり、次第にキリスト教色を薄め、国際法被適用資格は抽象化・一般化していった。
- In accordance with overseas advance of western powerful countries, western powerful countries created a new term 'civilized nation' as a concept of a state based on international law for building relations with countries which did not share Christian values, to be recognized as a state, it was necessary to be recognized as a 'civilized nation' rather than being a Christian country, therefore the conditions to be protected by international law became abstract and generalized.
- これらはそれぞれの家の初代当主の幼名であり、(たとえば竹千代は江戸幕府初代征夷大将軍徳川家康の、五郎太は尾張藩祖徳川義直の、長福丸は紀州藩祖徳川頼宣の、鶴千代は水戸藩祖徳川頼房の、犬千代は加賀藩祖前田利家の幼名である)これらは子孫のうち後を継ぐべき嫡男の幼名にもなり、代々受け継がれていった。
- Each such name had originally been the childhood name of the founder of the family (so for example, the name Takechiyo had been the first Edo-period Shogun, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's name, while Gorota had been the Owari branch progenitor Yoshinao TOKUGAWA's, Chofukumaru the Kishu branch founder Yorinobu TOKUGAWA's, Tsuruchiyo the Mito branch forefather Yorifusa TOKUGAWA's, and Inuchiyo the Kaga Domain patriarch Toshiie MAEDA's), and each was passed down from family head to the son being groomed as heir, becoming their childhood name in turn; this passing down continued from generation to generation.
- だが、明治天皇の東京行幸を目前に控えて大隈は直ちに京都からパークスのいる横浜市に動くことは出来ず、大隈は外国官知事伊達宗城(宇和島藩)らと協議の結果2月5日に内外に向けて近いうちに新貨幣を発行することを発表し、パークスには神奈川県知事を兼務していた外国官判事寺島宗則が宥めるように指示している。
- However, as Emperor Meiji's Tokyo Gyoko (Emperor's going out to Tokyo) was nearing, OKUMA could not immediately move from Kyoto to Yokohama City where Parkes was, so he and others such as foreign governor Munenari DATE (Uwajima Domain) had a conference, resulting in an announcement to Japan and foreign countries on February 5, that they would issue new currency in the near future, and for Parkes, he instructed officer of Foreign Affairs Council Munenori TERASHIMA, who was also the governor of Kanagawa Prefecture, to appease.
- 季の歌と特に恋歌に秀作が多く、自らを内に閉じこめるような深沈とした憂愁のさまや、夢と現実との狭間にある曖昧な様子や感傷的な追憶を好んで詠むこと、運命に対して弱い自分を守ろうとする凛乎とした強さが歌のうちにあることなどから、その生涯や恋愛についてさまざまな推測が成されるが、いずれも憶測の域を出ていない。
- She composed numerous excellent seasonal poems and a great many love poems that ranged in theme from melancholic poems that seemed to close herself off from the outside world, poems that recalled the unclear or emotional state that exists between reality and dream, and poems that expressed a strong resolution to protect her weak self from fate; various assumptions have been made about her life and relationships based on the content of these poems but little about her is known for certain.
- 現在知られている古写本としては、尊経閣文庫蔵書の巻子本18巻(恒例7巻・臨時10巻・目録1巻、ただし恒例1巻・臨時4巻は重複)、東山御文庫蔵書の巻子本3巻(恒例1月分1巻、臨時2巻)、宮内庁書陵部蔵書の巻子本17巻(恒例8巻・臨時9巻、ただし恒例・臨時のうちそれぞれ2巻は江戸時代の写本)などが知られている。
- 18 volumes of Kansubon (book in scroll style) possessed by Sonkeikaku-bunko Library (7 volumes of Annual, 10 volumes of Temporary, and 1 volume of catalogue, although one of the volumes of Annual and 4 volumes of Temporary overlap), 3 volumes of Kansubon possessed by Higashiyama Go-bunko collection (1 volume of the section on January of Annual and 2 volumes of Temporary), and 17 volumes of Kansubon in the collection of Imperial Household Archives (8 volumes of Annual, 9 volumes of Temporary, although 2 volumes of each were manuscripts from the Edo period) are among the known old manuscripts.
- このため、『歴名土代』とは元々は「歴名」のうち「補任」(あるいはこれを元にした『公卿補任』)などの他の記録と重複する公卿などの記述を省いて、予め四位・五位の叙位が予定されている人名を列記し、実際の叙位が行われた後に「歴名」を参考にして日付などが追記され、更に校合の過程で一部の整理がなされたと考えられている。
- Therefore, 'Ryakumyo dodai' is considered to have originally listed the names of persons who were scheduled to be conferred a court rank of Shii and Goi and added dates etc. with the help of 'Ryakumyo' after the conferment of actual court rank and also organized parts of them in the process of collating, except for the descriptions of court nobles which overlapped other records such as 'Bunin' (or Kugyobunin based on this) among 'Ryakumyo.'
- ところが、後継者とされた順如(父に先立ち死去)・実如はともかく、他の5人の男子のうち4人が北陸に派遣されて共同で加賀とその周辺の事実上の国主としての地位を得たのにも関わらず、6男の蓮淳だけは順如が遺した顕証寺の住持に補されて畿内に留められ、教団内において大きな仕事を与えられてこなかったことに不満を抱いていた。
- Even though Jyunnyo (who died before his father) and Jitsunyo were treated as successor and the four of the other five sons were dispatched to Hokuriku and virtually gained the positions of kokushu (landed daimyo) in Kaga and the surrounded provinces, the sixth son Renjun was appointed to the chief priest of Kensho-ji Temple which Jyunnyo left and forced to remain in Kinai, which made him discontent about not being given an important mission in the religious community.
- その背景として国衙や武士による寺社領の横領という問題もあったが、僧侶や神官によって信仰に付随して施設や儀式の維持とそのために必要な所領が相続継承されていく(僧侶の場合は師弟間の継承が神官の子弟間の相続に相当する)うちに私有化され、宗教とは関係のない私的目的に利用されたり、場合によっては勝手に他者に売却される場合もあった。
- The problem of embezzling of jisharyo (holdings of temples and shrines) by kokuga (imperial household officials or an estate manager) or bushi (samurai) was the background of the tendo -- But in some cases, as Buddhist monks and Shinto priests inherited the shoryo, which was necessary for maintenance of the facilities and support of the rituals, accompanying their religious belief (Buddhist monks inherited the shoryo from the master to the disciple, correspondingly to the case of the Shinto priests where they inherited the shoryo from father to children), they began to privatize the shoryo such that they could use the shoryo for private purposes, which had nothing to do with their religious activities, or that they sold the shoryo to the other person at their own discretion in the worst cases.
- 『百器徒然袋』の解説文に「保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ」とあることから、策略によって主君共々殺害された源氏の家臣・鎌田政清が使用していた馬の鞍が変化して生まれた妖怪とされる。
- According to the commentary of 'Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro' containing the description of '保元の夜軍に鎌田政清、手がらをなせしも我ゆへなれば、いかなる恩もたぶべきに、手がたをつけんと前輪のあたりつけらるれば、気も魂もきえぎえとなりしとおしみて唄ふ声、いとおもしろく夢のうちにおもいぬ,' it is regarded that the specter was transmuted from the saddle of Masakiyo KAMATA's horse; Masakiyo, a vassal of the Minamoto clan, was plotted to be killed with his lord.
- この会派は陸軍右派として排除された「四将軍派」のうち谷・曾我・鳥尾が揃った(残りの三浦梧楼は三曜会に属した)事に代表されるように国粋主義色の強い右派が多く、藩閥政府――特に伊藤博文に対しては国家の混乱を招いた人物として敵対意識が強く、また山縣有朋系の会派に移行した研究会の方針に不満を抱いて懇話会の結成に参加した者もおり、この両者に対する反発が根強かった。
- In this faction, there were many members with right wing who had strong nationalism including the 'four Shogun group' such as TANI, SOGA and TORIO (but Goro MIURA belonged to the Sanyo-kai) who had been removed as army right wing and they felt hostile toward the Hanbatsu Government, especially Hirobumi ITO as a person who led to national disruption, and also there were some members who were dissatisfied with the Kenkyu-kai policy that was shifted into that of the faction with Aritomo YAMAGATA.
- 実弟である源範頼、阿野全成そして義経らはこれに含まれず、頼朝と比較的血筋の近い河内源氏のうちでも新田氏の庶子 山名義範や足利義兼に限られ、逆に、頼朝の4代前の祖先 源義家の弟 源義光を祖先とする甲斐源氏の加賀美遠光、安田義資、また6代前の祖先 河内源氏の祖 源頼信の兄 源頼光を祖先とする摂津源氏の源有綱など限りなく遠縁の者が門葉に列していることが確認できる。
- Yoritomo's own younger brothers, MINAMOTO no Noriyori, Zenjo ANO and Yoshitsune, weren't included in these monyo, while those included were limited to Yoshinori YAMANA, a child born out of wedlock of the Nitta clan, among the Kawachi-Genji that had relatively close blood ties with Yoritomo, and Yoshikane ASHIKAGA; however, those who were distantly related were also included, such as Tomitsu KAGAMI of the Kai-Genji that had descended from MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu, the younger brother of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie, the ancestor of four generations before Yoritomo, and Yoshisuke YASUDA; and MINAMOTO no Aritsuna of the Settsu-Genji (Minamoto clan), which was descended from MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu, the elder brother of MINAMOTO no Yorinobu, the originator of the Kawachi-Genji, the ancestor of six generations before.
- 平成10年(1998年)から平成11年(1999年)にかけて風間書房から出版された『源氏物語研究集成』では全15巻のうち冒頭の2巻を「源氏物語の主題」にあて、計17編の論文を収録しているが、源氏物語全体の主題について直接論じたものはなく、すべて特定の巻または「○○物語」といった形でまとまって扱われることの多い関連を持った一群の巻々についての主題を論じたものばかりである。
- 'The Tale of Genji Studies Corpus,' published by Kazama Shobo, Co. Ltd. from 1998 to 1999, consists of 15 volumes in total, and the first two volumes deal with 'the theme of The Tale of Genji,' collecting 17 theses; however, they do not directly discuss the theme of the overall work but instead explore the theme of a specific chapter or a group of chapters that are often handled in the form of 'The Tale of ****.'
- それによれば1900年(明治33)8月10日、竹越与三郎の洋行送別会が築地のメトロポールホテルで催された際、来客の何人かが演説をしたが、そのうちの一人である小松緑がハイカラーであることはむしろ文明的で、ハイカラを揶揄していた張本人の半山(彼も出席していた)でさえ今夕はハイカラーを着ているではないかと滑稽演説をし、このことが各新聞で取り上げられたことで流行したとしている。
- The Chapter says that the word became popular because of newspaper reports that in a farewell party at the Metropaul Hotel for Yosaburo TAKEKOSHI, who was going to study in Europe, one of the guest speakers, Midori KOMATSU made a funny speech, in which he said, 'Being haikara means rather being civilized and Hanzan (he was attending the party) himself, who was mocking at haikara, is here in this evening party, wearing high collar clothes'.
- 縄文後期に入ると、これら九つの文化圏のうち「北海道/アイヌモシリ西南部および東北北部」「東北南部」「関東」「北陸」「東海・甲信」の五つがまとまって単一の文化圏(照葉樹林文化論における「ナラ林文化」)を構成するようになり、また「加賀・能登・越前・伊勢湾沿岸・中国・四国・豊前・豊後」「九州(豊前・豊後を除く)」がまとまって単一の文化圏(照葉樹林文化論における照葉樹林文化)を構成するようになる。
- Five out of nine cultural regions, 'Hokkaido/the southwest Ainumoshiri and the northern Tohoku region,' 'the southern Tohoku region,' 'the Kanto region,' 'the Hokuriku region,' and 'the Tokai and Koshin regions,' were consolidated into one cultural region, ('the oak forests culture' according to the culture theory of laurel forests), in the end Jomon period; also 'Kaga, Noto, Echizen, the coastal areas of Ise Bay, Chugoku, Shikoku, Buzen, and Bungo' and 'the Kyushu region (except Buzen and Bungo)' were consolidated into one cultural region, (the laurel forests culture according to the culture theory of laurel forests).
- 「切れ字を入れるのは句を切るためである。しかし切れている句というのは切れ字によって切る必要はない。いまだに句が切れている、いないが、わからない初心者のために、あらかじめ切れ字の数を定めているのである。この定め字を入れれば十のうち七八の句は自然に切れる。しかし残りの二三は切れ字を入れても切れないダメ句である、また入れなくても切れるいい句もある。そういう意味では四十七文字すべてが切れ字となりうる」
- A kireji is used to pause a verse. However, a paused verse does not have to be paused by a kireji. The number of kireji is specified in advance for the beginners who are still unable to tell if a verse is paused or not. If these specified syllables are used, then seven or eight out of ten can be naturally paused. However, the rest of the two or three, are hopeless verses that cannot be paused even by using kireji, but there are good verses that are paused even without using kireji. In that case, all 47 syllables can be considered kireji.'
- 明治4年7月14日 (旧暦)(1871年8月29日)に断行された廃藩置県の後始末が済まないうちに、岩倉使節団の計画が持ち上がり最終的に岩倉具視・大久保利通・木戸孝允ら明治政府を主導してきた首脳の多くが加わる一大使節団となったことから、使節団の外遊中の留守を守るとともに廃藩置県の後始末を行うための組織として太政大臣三条実美を筆頭に西郷隆盛・井上馨・大隈重信・板垣退助・江藤新平・大木喬任らによって結成された。
- The Iwakura Mission project came up before the completion of Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishement of prefectures) that had been set about on August 29, 1871, in the project Tomomi IWAKURA, Toshimichi OKUBO, Takayoshi KIDO and many other leaders of the Meiji government finally joined the great delegation, and therefore the Establishment was organized by Grand Minister Sanetomi SANJO at its head, Takamori SAIGO, Kaoru INOUE, Shigenobu OKUMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shinpei ETO and Takao OKI in order to protect the nation and to settle the affairs of Haihan-chiken while the Iwakura Mission was traveling abroad officially.
- 「貞丈雑記」には、「輿にめしたる人に行あひ、又は人の犬追物、笠懸、やぶさめ、大的、小的など射らるる場所近き辺を通るとき、又は野山にて幕などうち遊興せらるるあたりを通るとき、または神社仏寺の前を通るとき、また三職などの門前を通るとき、または川狩鷹狩など人のするところを通るとき、また鷹すゑたる人鵜つかひに行あひたるとき、いづれも我知らぬ人なりとも、必ず下馬して通る也」とあり、武家時代を通じて、礼儀として厳存した。
- However, this custom of dismounting a horse had surely existed as a courtesy during Buke-jidai (the feudal period), as described in 'Teijo-zakki' (a book on ancient courtly traditions and etiquettes, written by Sadatake Ise in the Edo Period) that a person had to dismount his horse without fail when he encountered any person on a palanquin, or when he passed by a place where inuoimono (dog-hunting event, a skill of an archery), kasagake (archery competition on horseback), yabusame (the art of arrow shooting on horseback), and other arrow shooing competitions with omato and komato (big and small sized shooing targets) were being played, or when he went around a shrouded place for pleasure in hills and fields, or when he passed in front of shrines and temples, or when he passed in front of the gates of Sanshoku (three important offices), or when he passed through a place where people were enjoying river fishing or falconry or when an astringer bumped into a cormorant fisher, in each case no matter whom he met with were strangers or not.
- 会場となった3大学は京都大学・同志社大学・立命館大学(当時の校地は鴨川 (淀川水系)西岸の広小路通 (京都市)に所在していた)各大学であったが、このうち京都大学では会場に予定されていた法経一番教室の使用を大学当局(服部峻治郎学長)が認めようとせず、警官隊導入により抗議する学生を排除するなどしていたため当局と学生自治会である同学会(1951年の京大天皇事件の結果解散をよぎなくされ、この年の初夏、学生による全学投票を経て再建されたばかりであった)との間には険悪な雰囲気が漂っていた。
- The chosen universities as places for the meetings were Kyoto University, Doshisha University and Ritsumeikan University (the then campus was located at Hirokoji-dori Street, the west shore of the Kamo-gawa River of Yodogawa River system in Kyoto City), however, Kyoto University authorities (President Shunjiro HATTORI) didn't permit the use of classroom number one of the faculty of law and economics, and called the police to remove protesting students, as a result, an explosive atmosphere remained between the authorities and the students, especially the students' association 'Dogakukai' of Kyoto University (although the Dogakukai had been forced to dissolve after the Kyodai Tenno Incident of 1951, in the early summer of 1953 it had just been reorganized by a vote in which all the students had been involved).
- 10月28日、千葉常胤・三浦義澄・千葉胤正・三浦義村・畠山重忠・小山朝政・結城朝光・足立遠元・和田義盛・和田常盛・比企能員・所左衛門尉朝光・民部丞行光・葛西清重・八田知重・波多野忠綱・大井実久・若狭忠季・渋谷高重・山内首藤経俊・宇都宮頼綱・榛谷重朝・安達盛長・佐々木盛綱・稲毛重成・安達景盛・岡崎義実・土屋義清・東重胤・土肥惟光・河野通信・曽我祐綱・二宮四郎・長江明義・諸の次郎季綱・天野遠景・工藤行光・中原仲業以下御家人66名による景時糾弾の連判状を一夜のうちに作成し、将軍側近官僚大江広元に提出した。
- On November 25, 1199, a letter of covenant which accuses Kagetoki was prepared overnight and submitted to Hiromoto OE, an aide official to the shogun, by sixty-six gokenin, including Tsunetane Chiba, Yoshizumi MIURA, Tanemasa CHIBA, Yoshimura MIURA, Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, Tomomasa OYAMA, Tomomitsu YUKI, Tomoto ADACHI, Yoshimori WADA, Tsunemori WADA, Yoshikazu HIKI, TOKORO Saemon no jo Tomomitsu, MINBU no jo Yukimitsu, Kiyoshige KASAI, Tomoshige HATTA, Tadatsuna HADANO, Sanehisa OI, Tadasue WAKASA, Takashige SHIBUYA, Tsuneyoshi YAMAUCHISUDO, Yoritsuna UTSUNOMIYA, Shigetomo HANGAYA, Morinaga ADACHI, Moritsuna SASAKI, Shigenari INAGE, Kagemori ADACHI, Yoshizane OKAZAKI, Yoshikiyo TSUCHIYA, Shigetane TO, Koremitsu DOI, Michinobu KONO, Suketsuna SOGA, Shiro NINOMIYA, Akiyoshi NAGAE, MORO no Jiro Suetsuna, Tokage AMANO, Yukimitsu KUDO, and NAKAHARA no Nakanari.